CITY DEVELOPMENT PLAN WARASEONI, MADHYA PRADESH

Transcription

CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
CITY DEVELOPMENT PLAN WARASEONI, MADHYA PRADESH Chief Municipal Officer Municipal Council, Waraseoni Sub Engineer Municipal Council, Waraseoni Prepared by Creative Circle, 31, Bhaskar Prabha, East Shankar Nagar, Nagpur ‐ 440 010 Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 1 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
Contents
Chapter 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .........................................................................................................12
1.1
Economic Base ..........................................................................................................................13
1.2
Income Distribution .................................................................................................................14
1.3
City Vision ................................................................................................................................. 15
1.4
Investment Viability .................................................................................................................16
1.5
PROJECT INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................... 17
1.6
METHODOLOGY ADOPTED ................................................................................................. 18
1.7
DOCUMENTATION OF STAKEHOLDER MEETINGS WITH OFFICIALS ...........................21
1.7.1
Minutes of Meeting of Second Workshop Waraseoni .........................................................21
1.7.2
Third Workshop: Strategies and Priorities Projects ........................................................... 27
Chapter 2 PHYSICAL FEATURES OF TOWN ...................................................................................... 52
2.1 HISTORIC IMPORTANCE AND UNIQUE IDENTITY OF THE TOWN ................................... 52
2.1.1
About Waraseoni ................................................................................................................. 52
2.1.2
Unique Identity of the town ................................................................................................ 52
2.2
DISTRICT INFORMATION .................................................................................................... 52
2.2.1
Location (linkages and connectivity) .................................................................................. 54
2.2.2
Physiographic and Landform (topography, drainage, geology, climate and rainfall) ... 54
2.2.3
The River Valley: Waingangā .......................................................................................... 54
2.2.4
Drainage .......................................................................................................................... 55
2.2.5
Climate ................................................................................................................................. 56
2.2.6
Rainfall ............................................................................................................................ 56
2.2.7
Temperature ........................................................................................................................ 56
2.2.8
Wind direction ................................................................................................................. 56
2.2.9
Ground water table .......................................................................................................... 56
2.3
MUNICIPAL AREA AND PLANNING AREA ......................................................................... 57
2.3.1
Municipal area ..................................................................................................................... 57
2.3.2
Planning area ................................................................................................................... 57
2.4
NAXALITE IN BALAGHAT DISTRICT .................................................................................. 57
Chapter 3 DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF THE TOWN ......................................................................... 58
Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 2 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
3.1 POPULATION GROWTH TREND................................................................................................ 58
3.2
AGGLOMERATION DEVELOPMENT ................................................................................... 59
3.3
POPULATION PROJECTION ................................................................................................. 59
3.3.1
Selection of Method of Population Projections .................................................................. 60
3.3.2
Calculation of Projected Population for Year 2035 by Different Methods .................... 60
3.3.3
Population Projection by Various Methods for Year 2035 ................................................. 62
3.4
POPULATION DENSITY ........................................................................................................ 63
3.5
OTHER DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS ............................................................................... 64
3.5.1
3.6
Schedule caste and Tribal Populations (SC & ST) .............................................................. 64
ISSUES ..................................................................................................................................... 65
Chapter 4: SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE OF THE TOWN ................................................................... 66
4.1
SEX RATIO .............................................................................................................................. 66
4.2
LITERACY RATE ..................................................................................................................... 69
4.3
AVERAGE HOUSEHOLD SIZE .............................................................................................. 70
4.4
WORKFORCE PARTICIPATION -Primary, Secondary Tertiary Income Levels ................... 71
4.4.1
4.5
Participation for economy by sex versus total population.................................................. 72
TRADE AND COMMERCE ..................................................................................................... 76
4.5.1
Sector wise Economic Scenario ........................................................................................... 76
4.5.2
Location of Trade & Commerce Activity in the City ........................................................... 77
4.5.3
Agriculture Produce Mandi ................................................................................................. 77
4.5.3.2.
Bail Bazar ......................................................................................................................... 82
4.5.3.3.
Fisheries and fish farming ............................................................................................... 82
4.5.3.4
Agriculture (District scenario): ....................................................................................... 83
4.5.3.5
Forest (district scenario): ................................................................................................ 85
4.5.3.6
Timber ............................................................................................................................. 86
4.5.3.7
Medicinal plants .............................................................................................................. 86
4.6
SILK PRODUCTION (Sericulture) .......................................................................................... 87
4.7
INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITIES ..................................................................................................... 88
4.7.1
Mining industries ................................................................................................................ 88
4.7.2
Small Scale Industries ......................................................................................................... 89
4.8
TOURISM ................................................................................................................................ 90
4.9
FUTURE EMPLOYMENT DEMAND...................................................................................... 90
4.10
ECONOMICAL POTENTIAL OF CITY ................................................................................... 90
4.11
SECTOR ISSUES ......................................................................................................................91
4.12
SECTOR SPECIFIC STRATEGIES .......................................................................................... 92
Chapter 5 PHYSICAL PLANNING & GROWTH MANAGEMENT ......................................................... 96
5.1
SPATIAL GROWTH TRENDS................................................................................................. 96
5.1.1
Waraseoni Agglomeration: Surrounding Villages/towns................................................... 96
5.1.2
Spatial character .................................................................................................................. 97
5.2
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF POPULATION ....................................................................... 98
5.2.1
Existing Land Use of developed area .................................................................................. 98
5.2.2
Core city Area ...................................................................................................................... 99
5.2.3
Un-organised Commercial activity ..................................................................................... 99
5.2.4
Distribution of Population Density in Waraseoni .............................................................. 99
5.3
MUNICIPAL LEVEL MAPPING ........................................................................................... 100
5.4
WARD DELINEATION MAP ................................................................................................ 100
5.5
LAND USE ANALYSIS ........................................................................................................... 101
5.6
HOUSING SCENARIO .......................................................................................................... 102
5.6.1
Household Size and Housing Condition ........................................................................... 102
5.6.2
Predominant Use of Material in Housing ......................................................................... 102
5.6.3
Housing shortage............................................................................................................... 103
5.7
PRESENT AND FUTURE HOUSING DEMAND ................................................................. 104
5.8
ILLEGAL COLONIES ............................................................................................................ 104
5.9
FUTURE GROWTH POSSIBILITIES ................................................................................... 104
5.9.1
Planning Area under City Development Plan 2035 .......................................................... 105
5.9.2
Waraseoni agglomeration ................................................................................................. 106
5.10
KEY ISSUE............................................................................................................................. 106
5.11
SECTOR SPECIFIC STRATEGY............................................................................................ 107
Chapter 6 CITY INFRASTRUCTURE ..................................................................................................... 111
6.1
WATER SUPPLY .................................................................................................................... 111
6.1.1
Water Sources in Waraseoni city ....................................................................................... 111
6.1.2
Existing Water Supply Scheme in Waraseoni city ............................................................. 111
6.1.3
Proposed schemes for Waraseoni city ............................................................................... 112
6.1.4
Existing Status of Water Supply in Agglomeration Area ................................................... 113
6.1.5
Comparative analysis with the UDPFI, CPHEEO guidelines ............................................ 115
6.1.6
SWOT analysis .................................................................................................................... 116
6.1.7
Issues .................................................................................................................................. 117
6.1.8
Sector specific strategy ....................................................................................................... 117
6.2
SEWERAGE AND SANITATION ........................................................................................... 118
6.2.1
Existing Sewerage System .................................................................................................. 118
6.2.2
Means of Sewage Disposal ............................................................................................. 119
6.2.3
Household Toilets (Dry Latrines and Flush Latrines) ................................................... 119
6.2.4
Demand Supply Assessment and Comparative Analysis............................................... 119
6.2.5
SWOT analysis ................................................................................................................... 120
6.2.6
Key Issues: Sewage System ........................................................................................... 120
6.2.7
Sector specific Strategies .................................................................................................... 121
6.3
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT ........................................................................................... 121
6.3.1
Existing condition of Waste generation and Collection .................................................... 121
6.3.2
Current Practices, Waste Storage, Segregation and Collection ..................................... 121
6.3.3
Collection mechanism ................................................................................................... 122
6.3.4
Processing and Disposal ................................................................................................ 122
6.3.5
Solid Waste Generation Details ........................................................................................ 122
6.3.6
Means of Disposal ......................................................................................................... 122
6.3.7
Comparative analysis with the UDPFI, CPHEEO guidelines ........................................... 124
6.3.8
SWOT analysis ................................................................................................................125
6.3.9
Key Issues: Solid Waste Management ...........................................................................125
6.3.10
Sector specific strategies ............................................................................................... 126
6.4
DRAINAGE SYSTEM ............................................................................................................ 126
6.4.1
Existing Condition ............................................................................................................. 126
6.4.2
Natural Drains ................................................................................................................127
6.4.3
Means of drainage .......................................................................................................... 127
6.4.4
Flood-Prone Areas .......................................................................................................... 127
6.4.5
Demand Supply Assessment and Comparative Analysis.............................................. 128
6.5
MAJOR WATER BODIES ..................................................................................................... 129
6.5.1
Chandan River ................................................................................................................... 129
6.5.2
Lakes .................................................................................................................................. 129
6.5.3
Canal System ..................................................................................................................... 130
6.5.4
SWOT analysis ............................................................................................................... 130
6.5.5
Key Issues: Drainage System and sanitation ..................................................................... 131
6.5.6
Sector specific Strategies ............................................................................................... 132
6.6
TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORTATION .................................................................................... 132
6.6.1
Regional Connectivity ....................................................................................................... 132
6.6.2
City road network ...........................................................................................................133
6.6.3
Road classification..........................................................................................................133
6.6.4
Existing situation............................................................................................................133
6.6.5
Travel Time Distribution ............................................................................................... 134
6.6.6
Traffic Characteristics (Agglomeration +City) ..............................................................135
6.6.7
Traffic characteristics in core city area ............................................................................. 136
6.6.8
Accidents in Waraseoni .................................................................................................. 137
6.6.9
Parking Requirement .................................................................................................... 139
6.6.10
Road-Rail Crossings ...................................................................................................... 140
6.6.11
Role of MCW in Traffic & Transportation .................................................................... 140
6.6.12
Comparative analysis with the UDPFI, other guidelines .............................................. 141
6.6.13
SWOT analysis ............................................................................................................... 142
6.6.14
Issues ............................................................................................................................. 142
6.6.15
Sector specific Strategies ............................................................................................... 143
6.6.16
Reduction of pollution: maintenance of environment ................................................. 144
6.6.17
Core City Road development ..........................................................................................145
6.6.18
Parking and pedestrian facility ......................................................................................145
6.6.19
Adaptation of Barrier free design guidelines .................................................................145
6.6.20
Low vehicular movement ...............................................................................................145
6.7
STREET LIGHTING AND FIRE FIGHTING ........................................................................ 146
6.7.1
Existing situation of Street lights ...................................................................................... 146
6.7.2
Fire Fighting Services ........................................................................................................ 146
6.7.3
Demand Supply Assessment and Comparative Analysis................................................... 147
6.7.4
Fire, Vehicles and equipment for fire fighting and Rescue operations and service ......... 148
6.7.5
Electricity and Power Consumption and Distribution ..................................................... 148
6.7.6
Demand Supply Assessment and Comparative Analysis.................................................. 148
6.7.7
SWOT analysis ................................................................................................................... 149
6.7.8
Key Issue ........................................................................................................................ 149
6.7.9
Sector specific Strategies ................................................................................................... 149
6.8
URBAN POOR AND THEIR ACCESSIBILITY TO BASIC SERVICES .................................. 151
6.8.1
Poverty in the town............................................................................................................. 151
6.8.2
Information on BPL Population and Slum Population ................................................. 151
6.8.3
Slum Improvement Program .........................................................................................152
6.8.4
General Characteristics of Slum .....................................................................................152
6.8.5
Status of slums................................................................................................................153
6.8.6
SWOT analysis ................................................................................................................154
6.8.7
Key Issues – Urban Poor ................................................................................................ 155
6.8.8
City specific Strategies.................................................................................................... 155
6.9
SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE ................................................................................................ 155
6.9.1
Overall Health facilities and Medical practitioners in the town........................................ 155
6.9.2
Basic Health Indicators ..................................................................................................156
6.9.3
Role of Municipal Body in the Health Programs ........................................................... 157
6.9.4
Overall Educational facilities and Teachers in the town ............................................... 157
6.9.5
Basic Education / Literacy Indicator ............................................................................ 158
6.9.6
Educational Facilities in agglomeration ....................................................................... 158
6.9.7
Recreational Facilities ........................................................................................................159
6.9.7.4 Demand Supply Assessment and Comparative Analysis as per UDPFI Guidelines ........................... 161
6.9.8
SWOT analysis ............................................................................................................... 164
6.9.9
Issues– Social Infrastructure ........................................................................................ 164
6.9.10
Sector specific Strategies ................................................................................................165
Chapter 7 ENVIRONMENT .................................................................................................................... 167
7.1
7.1.1
TOPOGRAPHY/GEO-HYDROLOGY ..................................................................................... 167
Ground Water Resources ................................................................................................... 167
7.2
SOIL CHARACTERISTICS .................................................................................................... 168
7.3
GEOLOGY AND MINERALS ................................................................................................ 168
7.4
GEOTECHNICAL AND NATURAL HAZARD ...................................................................... 169
7.5
FLORA –FAUNA ................................................................................................................... 170
7.5.1
Agriculture ......................................................................................................................... 170
7.5.2
Horticulture ........................................................................................................................ 171
7.5.3
Non-Wood Forest Produce................................................................................................. 172
7.5.4
Forest Cover ........................................................................................................................ 172
7.6
POLLUTION LEVEL (Air and Water) ...................................................................................178
7.6.1
Air Pollution Level .............................................................................................................. 179
7.6.2
Water quality ..................................................................................................................... 182
7.7
WATER FRONT DEVELOPMENT AND CONSERVATION .................................................187
7.7.1
Chandan River ....................................................................................................................187
7.7.2
Lakes ...................................................................................................................................187
7.7.3
Water Front Development................................................................................................. 188
7.8
PROPOSED ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS .............................................................. 189
7.8.1
7.9
Maintaining Zero - Carbon City ........................................................................................ 189
FORMULATION OF SPECIFIC GREEN BUILDING DEVELOPMENT POLICY ................ 191
7.9.1 Guiding Effects. ...................................................................................................................... 191
7.9.2.
Enforcing controls Measures: ....................................................................................... 192
7.10
SWOT ANALYSIS .................................................................................................................. 193
7.11
KEY ISSUES .......................................................................................................................... 194
7.12
SECTOR SPECIFIC STRATEGIES ........................................................................................ 196
Chapter 8 HERITAGE AND CONSERVATION ..................................................................................... 197
8.1
8.1.1
8.2
8.2.1
8.3
8.3.1
8.4
IDENTIFICATION OF HERITAGE STRUCTURES/AREAS ................................................ 197
Heritage structures ............................................................................................................. 197
RESTORATION & CONSERVATION - HERITAGE GUIDELINES ...................................... 197
Significance of the Religious - Historic Structure/Area .................................................... 197
MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK FOR HISTORIC AREA .................................................... 198
Statutory and Legal Framework ........................................................................................ 198
TOURISM CIRCUITS AT REGIONAL LEVEL ..................................................................... 198
8.5
INSTITUTIONAL SET- UP AND MANAGEMENT .............................................................. 199
8.5.1
Financial Arrangements .................................................................................................... 199
8.5.2
Regulations for Conservation and Maintenance .......................................................... 199
8.6
TOURISM POTENTIAL OF TOWN ...................................................................................... 199
8.7
SWOT analysis .......................................................................................................................200
8.8
KEY ISSUES - Heritage & Tourism .......................................................................................200
8.9
SECTOR SPECIFIC STRATEGIES ........................................................................................200
Chapter 9 EXISTING INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ..................................................................... 201
9.1 Government Departments in Balaghat ........................................................................................ 201
9.2
URBAN LOCAL BODY STRUCTURE ................................................................................... 202
9.3
KEY ISSUES - Institutional Framework ............................................................................... 202
9.3.1
Absence of appropriate management information system (MIS) .................................... 202
9.3.2
Limited computerization:.............................................................................................. 203
9.3.3
Training/Capacity Building........................................................................................... 204
9.3.4
Absence of E-Governance application .......................................................................... 204
9.3.5
No land bank: .................................................................................................................... 205
9.3.6
No adherence of building regulations ........................................................................... 205
9.4
Town and Country Planning Dept- M.P................................................................................ 206
9.5
Development Authorities ......................................................................................................206
9.6
Public Health Engineering Department................................................................................ 206
9.7
Madhya Pradesh Housing Board .......................................................................................... 207
9.8
Madhya Pradesh Pollution Control Board ............................................................................ 207
9.9
Issues ..................................................................................................................................... 207
9.10
Sector specific Strategies ....................................................................................................... 207
Chapter 10 : INVESTMENT PLAN & FINANCING STRATEGIES....................................................... 208
10.1
Revenue account .................................................................................................................... 208
10.2 Revenue Income......................................................................................................................... 209
10.3 Revenue expenditure ................................................................................................................. 210
10.3.1
Establishment expenditure ............................................................................................ 211
10.3.2
Operation and maintenance expenditure ..................................................................... 212
10.4
Key financial indicators ......................................................................................................... 212
10.5
Key Issues and Conclusion .................................................................................................... 214
10.6
Sector specific Strategies and action plan ..............................................................................215
10.6.1
Strategies ........................................................................................................................215
10.6.2
Action Plan .................................................................................................................... 216
Chapter 11 INVESTMENT PRIORITIZATION PLAN ............................................................................ 217
11.1 Basis for project identification ..................................................................................................... 217
11.2
City Investment Plan (CIP) ....................................................................................................217
11.2.1
Institutionalizing the CIP Process.................................................................................. 217
11.3
Summary of Investments ...................................................................................................... 218
11.4
Project identification ............................................................................................................. 218
11.4.1
Projects for system and infrastructure Augmentation ................................................. 219
11.5
Sector wise Investment need upto 2015................................................................................ 220
11.6
Sector Wise CIP Details - Capital Needs/ Investments ........................................................ 221
11.6.1
Water Supply ................................................................................................................. 221
11.6.2
Sewerage ........................................................................................................................ 223
11.6.3
Roads, Street Lighting, Urban Transport and Traffic Management ............................ 226
11.6.4
Storm Water Drainage .................................................................................................. 228
11.6.5
Conservancy (SWM) & Sanitation ................................................................................ 230
11.6.6
Slums and Basic Services for Urban Poor ..................................................................... 232
11.6.7
INDUSTRIAL AREA &TRUCK TERMINUS................................................................. 234
11.6.8
Urban Governance/ System Modernisation ................................................................. 234
11.7
OTHER DEVELOPMENTAL PROJECTS ............................................................................. 236
11.8
INVESTMENT PLAN ............................................................................................................ 237
11.8.1
Investment Capacity and Sustenance of Municipal Council ........................................ 237
11.8.2
Financing Strategies for the CIP ................................................................................... 238
11.8.3
Finance Projections ....................................................................................................... 238
11.8.4
Municipal Account - Growth Projections and Assumptions ........................................ 239
11.8.5
Investment Capacity /Sustainance ............................................................................... 240
11.9
Financial Operating Plan (FOP) ............................................................................................ 241
11.9.1
Projects to be developed on PPP basis .......................................................................... 254
Chapter 12 URBAN REFORMS ............................................................................................................. 258
12.1
Action Measures and issues .................................................................................................. 258
12.2
Mandatory Reforms by Municipal Council ........................................................................... 258
12.3
Status of Mandatory reforms (as envisaged under UIDSSMT) ............................................ 259
12.3.1
12.4
Property tax ................................................................................................................... 259
E-Governance ........................................................................................................................ 260
12.4.1
Present Status ................................................................................................................260
12.4.2
Municipal Accounting ................................................................................................... 260
12.4.3
Internal Earmarking for Basic Services for Poor .......................................................... 261
12.4.4
User Charges.................................................................................................................. 262
12.4.5
Adoption of a Double-Entry System for Accounting .................................................... 262
12.4.6
E-Governance Using IT Applications: GIS and MIS .................................................... 263
12.4.7
Application of E-Governance ........................................................................................ 263
12.4.8
Property Tax .................................................................................................................. 264
12.4.9
Levies and Taxes ............................................................................................................ 264
12.5
Status of Optional reforms .................................................................................................... 265
Chapter 13 CITY VISION ....................................................................................................................... 266
13.1
VISION AND OBJECTIVES .................................................................................................. 267
13.1.1
VISION .......................................................................................................................... 267
13.1.2
OBJECTIVES ................................................................................................................. 267
13.1.3
FORMULATION OF VISION ........................................................................................ 268
13.2
CITY LEVEL STRATEGIES ................................................................................................... 269
13.2.2
13.3
Development Policy to Achieve City Vision .................................................................. 270
DEVELOPMENT OF URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE............................................................. 275
Chapte 14 Annexure ............................................................................................................................... 277
14.1
ANNEXURE: GOVERNMENT POLICY AND PROGRAMME ............................................. 277
14.2
ANNEXURE A ....................................................................................................................... 278
14.3
ANNEXURE B ....................................................................................................................... 279
14.4
ANNEXURE C ....................................................................................................................... 284
14.5
ANNEXURE D ....................................................................................................................... 284
14.6
IST OF ABBREVIATION ....................................................................................................... 286
Chapter 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
“The vision is formulated to preserve and enhance the existing sense of community, unique neighbourhood character, natural beauty, environmental quality, and accessibility of the area.” The characteristics of a town are the basis for evolving a particular vision for the city. The ecology base vision as Eco‐Agro Trade city is based on the assessment of Ecological Carrying Capacity of the city. Waraseoni town in Balaghat district of Madhya Pradesh is known for its rice and agro production (and silk in the past). Maximum production of rice, rice byproducts and trading of agro produce of Balaghat district is from Warseoni. With strong potentials, the city also has few problems. A large percentage of the educated population has fled the city and the industry and the district suffered a great loss. It also raised many serious issues of socio‐
economic upgradation and the capacity of the local government to manage the city. It is today can be seen as a model for its strength to convert adversity into advantage. The city need to fill the large infrastructure gap accumulated over the decades within a short span of time that has raised consistently with the rate of growth in population also posing new demands. The City Development Plan is prepared to make the city to be proactive in strategizing its future till 2035. This ‘FUTURE CITY’ will meet again in 2015 or the 1st 5 years of implementation of the CDP, to take stock of the progress made in implementation of the strategies and will draw up the revised action plan for faster further development. The CDP, with UADD guidelines and JNNURM guidelines, aims to upgrade the infrastructure standards qualitatively and qualitatively to a desired level, extend coverage to rapidly expanding fringe/outgrowth area and thus contributes towards transforming Waraseoni to become a ‘Eco‐Agro Trade City”. The CDP 2035 is based on the philosophy of new urbanism which stands for creation of socially safe and vibrant community. The CDP planning incorporates sensitively various natural feature and environment. The CDP encourages walking community thus reducing stress on transport and resultantly reducing the vehicular pollution. The use of GIS will not only for planning but for other core business needs as well, like sale and status monitoring. The progress farsighted by the year 2015 will enable the city to accomplish the goals and Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 12 CDP Waraseoni, M
Madhya Pradesh
objectives and the phase I of f major developments and a
initializaation of all‐‐round deveelopmental efforts will be achieved
d by 2025. h: Waraseoni city has h
seen an Populatiion Growth
unpreceedented grow
wth in 1971,, as 31.55% in the past ffive decadess and aboutt 2‐fold pop
pulation rise. Coupled with w
this the spillover of p
population in
nto peripherry has also be
een des the grow
wth of populaation can be considered steady at an
n average observed. But in passt few decad
owth rate. From time to ttime jurisdictional limits of MCW havve also been
n extended to
o include 18% gro
the outggrowth. At present MCW
W area is abo
out 19.29 Sq.. Kms. Theree are about 2
27,000 people (2001) residing in the immeediate periph
hery of the city. Waraseo
oni Urban Area – Populaation Growth
h Waraseo
oni urban agglomeration 1961 1971 1981 1991 200
01 Populatio
on 11308 14876
17673
20757 247
757 Growth rrate 18.33 31.55 18.8 17.45 19.2
27 ‐ ‐ ‐ 19.8
88 % populaation in agglom
meration areaa ‐ 1.1
E
Economi
ic Base
The eco
onomic basee of Waraseoni consists of production of good
d quality of rice and other agro g, handicrafft, forest products, their trad
ding, handlo
oom, silk thrread and ko
osa fabric manufacturin
m
of livestock.
producee, other agriccultural basee industries, aand trading o
The Cityy has uniquee features as:: •
Second high
hest produceer of silk in th
he state •
The largest Mandi in thee region, •
Largest marrket of livestock in the reegion •
Highest ricee production in the district, •
18 % avergee growth rate of population •
100% Enviro
onmental paarameters un
nder desirable limits as p
prescribed byy PCB, •
Unspoiled laand resourcees •
Higher sex rratio •
High potenttial for growtth The regiion is one of the major agriculture rich‐regions in the statee that has atttracted inve
estments and reveenue of substantial prop
portion. Thee city is also surrounded
d by natural forests. The
e city has Creativee Circle, Nagp
pur Page 13 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
vast potentials to be developed for its Agriculture production and trading. The City will transform into a major center for Agro‐based food products, trading of agro products, horticulture, fish farming and floriculture. 1.2 Income Distribution
The city is at present facing slow growth in economy. The state is deterrent by less‐learned manpower and dominated by out‐migration of unskilled labor. This character reflects distinct demographic characteristics. Being dominated by out‐migrant skilled personnel and labor to other parts of state, the demography exhibits a high sex ratio and low‐growth of informal settlements. The city is facing employment problem, low economical growth, and low level of living standard and associated public health risks. The reflection of this is also visible on city’s income distribution. The distribution of incomes in Waraseoni relates to the quality of its work force Vis‐a‐Vis comparable cities. Around 60 % earn less than Rs 25000 a year or about Rs. 70 per day. While the incomes are higher than the standard poverty levels, it needs mention that the cost of living in Waraseoni if not equal to Bhopal or Indore, is at least close to it. This also means additional responsibility on the part of the City Government to provide for services at affordable cost. a.
City Assessment: SWOT City Strengths and Opportunities: The resourceful and inclusive city of Waraseoni with a dynamic agriculture wealth thrives for excellence to become a dominant player in the national scenario. Its distinct social and cultural character is its major strength. Its strength lies in its diverse economic base, conducive environment for agriculture and related area like horticulture, floriculture, fish farming, potential for industrial growth supported by the agriculture and aqua base, peoples willingness to accept other people belonging to different culture and sustained environmental status over urban growth for over four decades. The city faces a weakness that it is located in isolation with moderate communication linkages from major parts of state. Another weakness of the city is lack of health and educational institutions to respond to local institutional demand. Large proportion of the population is middle class. The potential growth sector is agriculture that can attract handsome economic and employment base to the population. At the same time, the support and approach by the local administration to enhance quality of life of the residents will make the city enterprising by creating conditions for a safe living and tourism‐business friendly environment. The recent development and growth of mineral ‐based industries in the city region should be considered as an opportunity for further growth. Potential for demand in terms of trade and transit services should also be tapped for sustainable urban growth. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 14 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
The infrastructure growth in this city has not kept pace with the growth of population. Ill managed governance and financial status have resulted in low municipal financial capacity to invest in services and improved O&M. Similarly, the population, which has spilled over in the periphery is devoid of urban services even at basic level. 1.3 City Vision
The city is gearing up for becoming a city with global essence in a well‐planned and systematic way. There is an awareness that the City needs to strategically decide its future growth direction. The people of Waraseoni articulate their aspirations in terms of their vision ‘ECO‐AGRO–TRADE CITY’ with Global Standards and Values’. The city’s population with its continuing high rate of growth is likely to double from the present 28 thousands to 88 thousands by the year 2035. The forecasts are in the order of 149 thousands and 172 thousands by 2015 and 2025. The city’s economic base has to remain attractive and continuously upgrade quality of life of its residents. The potential of city suggest a thematic development approach: “An ECO‐AGRO–TRADE “. Within the context of achieving sustainable development plan, the ECO‐AGRO–TRADE Plan focuses on key goals to help move towards this ambitious figure. These goals are: •
Increasing sustainable agro base development and trading of agro produce •
Being highly productive in marketing in all sectors •
Achieving strategic alignment of agriculture policy, investment and development •
Developing a strong, professional, profitable and sustainable silk fabric industry. •
Developing a healthly city via natural environmental status and facility •
Developing ecological sustainable city •
Non‐conventional power utilisation The achievement of these goals will eventually cater to three fold developments: •
Promoting Growth •
Good Governance •
Improved Service Delivery The overarching objective of this strategy is to promote safety, security, and environmental quality. The City has initiated actions to update its medium term financial framework to prioritize investment and related policy interventions. The consultations with stakeholders would continue and form the basis for operational decisions. It is also important to note that the overarching objectives for the Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 15 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
entire exercise will make Waraseoni an attractive and most sought‐after, safe and sustainable city by developing Eco‐agro base for prominent fields like: agriculture, horticulture, floriculture and its produce and their trading, rejuvenation of waterbodies and natural spots, health and hospital industry and by maintaining and improving environmental quality. b.
City Investment Plan With the support of the State, the Centre and private investors, the agriculture industry is planned to be developed. Efforts to strengthen education sector has also undertaken. Similarly proposals towards development of regional transportation systems in the form of bye‐pass corridor has also developed at different levels and time frame.Towards delivery of urban core functions, i.e provision of basic amenities and facilities of a quality to make city competitive, the city has envisaged a host of projects under several heads. Some redistribution in the outlay is being considered with the period extending upto 2015. The projects identified here are part of continuous planning and consultative process based on a certain vision for the city. Total planned investments are of the tune of Rs. 450.93 crores in the city and agglomeration. The proposal, in addition to standard urban infrastructure components also includes projects such as Riverfront Development and lake rejuvenation and beautification, Heritage Conservation, agro‐
trading with global standard marketing development, silk industry development, livestock market development with research cell for betterment of breed and agriculture university. The approach of development is taken to have major projects to be developed via Central government grant and public private partnership approach. The City will undertake projects under government programmes where the financial framework suggests 100%, 90%, 70% and 50% of the investment through GoI grants. The rest of the 10% to 30% and investment on few social infrastructure will need funding through own sources or user contributions and borrowings. Efforts will also be made to develop projects under Foreign Direct Investment (F.D.I.). 1.4 Investment Viability
In determining a long‐term financial strategy, the city plans to raise resources through: •
Accessing the grants available under the various governments programmes Framework (as % of identified Investment in Urban Governance and infrastructure sectors ‐ 80% Central Govt. Grants and 10% State Govt. Grants) •
Funds devolved by the GoMP based on the recommendations of the State Finance Commission •
Revision of the Annual Rateable Value at certain levels Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 16 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
•
Revision of water and sewerage charges at specific intervals •
Transfer of water and sewerage tax to the respective account heads •
Maintaining the collection performance of taxes and charges at certain minimum levels for the present and for arrears. Underlying the major assumptions, a few basic assumptions for growth in property tax assessment, growth in other taxes and miscellaneous income, as well as changes in the main expenditure heads have been made, including general administration, establishment, O & M, debt servicing, etc. In the existing framework MCW is the core agency implementing projects. The proposal is to expand jurisdictional limits of MCW to include outgrowth areas. In case of MCW, investments in sectors of water supply, sewerage, sanitation and storm water drains are envisaged in the first three years and those in the other sectors are envisaged in later years. It has been assumed that by enhancing the collection performance and widening the tax base, MCW would be able to sustain the entire identified investment, of Rs. 450.93 Crores (Rs. 290.46 Crores till 2015‐16). 1.5 PROJECT INTRODUCTION
The CDP aims to prepare a document for urban areas in Madhya Pradesh to undertake institutional, structural and fiscal changes necessary for improved service delivery systems that are suitable, address poverty and enhance local economic performance. 1. City‐wide framework for planning and governance established and operational; 2. All urban residents obtain access to a basic level of urban services; 3. Financially self‐sustaining agencies for urban governance and service delivery established, through reforms to major revenue instruments; 4. Development of a well‐functioning, efficient and equitable urban land market; 5. Local services and governance conducted in a manner that is transparent and accountable to citizens; 6. E‐governance applications introduced in core functions of ULBs resulting in reduced cost and time of service delivery processes. The City Development Plan will provide the starting point for a process towards self‐sustainable development of a city in Madhya Pradesh. It will be important, however, to ensure that the CDP does not duplicate unnecessarily and that the consultants consider – in close consultation with the local Municipal Council all existing planning and strategic documents that may be relevant to the CDP. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 17 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
Municipal governments and other institutions responsible for service provision are facing acute shortage of capacity and resources, notwithstanding the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992, on municipalities. Most municipalities are starved of resources on account of their inability to effectively use their revenue raising powers, in particular, those relating to property tax and user charges. Given the current state of affairs of our cities which is incompatible with the country’s socioeconomic objectives and India’s growing role in the world economy, the Government of Madhya Pradesh has decided to prepare City Development Plans for all the major cities of Madhya Pradesh. Consultant’s objective is to prepare City Development Plan for the Project City, feasibility studies and detailed CDP report towards identifying problems and potentials of the project city. The CDP will subsequently be implemented over a period of about 30 years. The CDP will present time frame, phasing of components of City Development. The aim is to create economically productive, efficient, equitable and responsive cities. The City Development Plan shall focus on: • Improving and augmenting the economic and social infrastructure of cities; • Ensuring basic services to the urban poor including security of tenure; • Initiating wide‐ranging urban sector reforms whose primary aim is to eliminate legal, institutional and financial constraints that have impeded investment in urban infrastructure and services; and • Strengthening municipal governments and their functioning in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution (Seventy‐fourth) Amendment Act, 1992. It provides for public disclosure of local spending decisions together with the earmarking of budgetary allocations for basic services to the poor. 1.6 METHODOLOGY ADOPTED
The CDP outlines the critical issues of city development, undertakes a deficiency analysis and formulates a management framework outlining strategies and guidelines for future growth. The plan provides a distinctive thrust introducing restrictive regulatory mechanism through realistic planning and management interventions within the overall regulatory and institutional framework. A development implementation action plan comprising of implementation schedule, role of stakeholders, regulation and institutional strengthening mechanism are formulated. It also aims at regular and effective monitoring mechanism. The CDP takes into account the current status of municipal services ‐ its fiscal status, and operational and management procedures. The CDP also considers the works and plans of other Govt. and Semi‐Govt. organizations and agencies contributing towards the growth and development of the city. The CDP is prepared after undertaking the following tasks. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 18 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
• Situation analysis; • Stakeholder discussions; • Sectoral group workshop; • Visioning exercise; • Formulation of goals and strategies; • Capital investment plan and project scheduling; and • Action and operating plan and reform. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 19 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
Methodology chart Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 20 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
1.7
DOCUMENTATION OF STAKEHOLDER MEETINGS WITH
OFFICIALS
Introduction and initial discussions to familiarize to the key stakeholders was to introduce the process and to get the expected outcome of the CDP and to build enthusiasm, understanding and commitment to the CDP. One‐day session was organized for this. This activity helped in familiarizing the process of evolving a structured program. This was followed by intensive consultative process to finalize the proposals of CDP. 1.7.1
Minutes of Meeting of Second Workshop Waraseoni
One day workshop was organized on 16th February, 2010 at Nagar Parishad Hall – Waraseoni Municipal Council. All the MEMBERS OF STEERING COMMITTEE selected from different fields and walks of life, were invited by Municipal Council via invitation letter. The members of steering committee are media representatives, Engineers, Officers from various departments like PWD, PHE, Education board and others attended the workshop and gave their valuable suggestions and remarks as their contribution towards the preparation of City Development Plan for Waraseoni. An introduction about the City Development Plan, its various components and the work covered till the date was briefed to the members of steering committee. Mr. Pradeep Jaiswal, M.L.A. Waraseoni remained present throughout the workshop and also addressed the meeting. He gave some valuable suggestion to improve the level of basic services. He has also urged to the people of Waraseoni to cooperate urban local body, pay due taxes regularly and to contribute in developing the city. Proceedings of Second Workshop A.
During the first session of workshop various points were discussed at length. Majority of member of steering committee agreed for some major development and changes in the pattern of town growth. The minutes of meeting and the inferences are written below:‐ Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 21 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
1.
The city is expanding in almost all directions for residential and business purposes. The main Development of town is towards Sikandara, Rampayali, and Balaghat. The floating population of about 5000 people from surrounding villages comes to Waraseoni daily for their work. It is discussed to include following surrounding towns/villages in the jurisdiction limits 2.
1. Mehandiwada 2. Murzad 3. Chandori 4. Wara 5. Madnapur 6. Khandwa 7. Khapa 8. Sikandara 9. Koshte 10. Tumadi Industrial area subject was discussed at length. In the discussion its appropriate location as per wind direction and locational advantage, type of industries were the main points of discussion. As per the wind direction and locational advantages, it is discussed to locate Industrial area on Katangi road near Chandori. It was also discussed that Truck terminal should also be propose near Industrial area. 3.
Agricultural College: As Waraseoni is a hub for Rice, poha and other paddy crops. An Agricultural college with research facility and a fully equipped veterinary hospital with college and RND cell are an urgent requirement. It was discussed to propose these institutes on Lalbarra Road. 4.
Construction of Stadium: Civil club is located in centre of the city. It was discussed to utilize the land available nearby to the existing club for construct of stadium. The stadium shall be planned with all the modern facilities and training facility. 5.
Bus Stand: Bus stand is located in heart of the city. Daily around 100 buses passes through Waraseoni. The facilities on bus stand are not sufficient and it needs urgent up gradation. Parking place for buses is also insufficient. It was discussed to extend the bus stand on the land available behind Bus Stand. The entrance of buses to the bus‐stand will be changed to reduce the problem of traffic bottleneck. 6.
Bye Pass Road: Truck and other trans‐passing traffic enter the city from Barghat, Katangi, Rampayali and Balaghat road. Due to unavailability of bye pass road the traffic passes through Waraseoni town causing pollution, traffic congestion and extreme chances of accidents. It was discussed to construct bye pass road so that no trans‐passing vehicle can enter the city. 7.
Mandi: Mandi is situated in the center of the core city. Area of Mandi is 5 acre. Daily around 60 trucks and 30‐40 tractors and numerous bullock carts travel to Mandi. The storage space in mandi for keeping agricultural produces is not sufficient. Parking facility is also not sufficient to cater Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 22 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
existing traffic of light and heavy vehicles. It was discussed to shift the Mandi to new location in 20‐
25 acre area. The new Mandi will have all the required facilities. 8.
Warehouse: A system of warehousing was proposed, so that farmers can keep their produce in the warehouse, can take loan against it from banks, and sell the produce at a later date when the prices are higher. 9.
Stop Dams: It was discussed to construct several small stop dams along the river adjoining Waraseoni for rain water harvesting. This will increase the ground water table. It was also discussed to make Rain Water harvesting compulsory for buildings. 10.
Hawker zone: Most of the hawkers in Waraseoni city, locate their push‐carts wherever they find business. They encroach upon the roads which results into traffic congestion. It was discussed to make a dedicated hawker zone and its location to be selected in a way to facilitate the citizens and hawkers. 11.
Bail Bazar: Bail Bazar is a weekly market on Tuesday. People from around 40 nearby villages come to bail bazaar. There is no facility available for the animals and the people. Land is also insufficient. The Bail Bazaar is an important phenomenon in the city and it earns handsome revenue to Municipal Council. It was discussed to merge the land located behind the existing bail bazaar and to provide shelter and other basic facilities like compound wall, gate, stalls etc. 12.
Lakes: There are 7 lakes in the city. Most of the lakes are at dying stage or are polluted by waste water. It was discussed to rejuvenate all these lakes. A large Garden with all the modern facilities like playing zone etc shall be developed near Shankar Lake. Silk and Handicraft: Waraseoni is famous for Handicraft items, handloom and silk fabric. 13.
There are a large number of families who are engaged in this work from generations. There are around 260 mills in the region. To compete in international and national market, it was discussed to allocate a land for Saja plantation, silk worm farming, enhanced facilities for weaving and printing of fabric and marketing a market oriented institute with RND cell will be set up that will rejuvenate the silk business. B. In second session of this workshop city priorities actions, perceived by the stakeholders was discussed. By giving views, participants contributed in preparation of City Development Plan for next 25 Year. The strategies and priority projects and financial status of Municipal Council were also discussed which are required to attain the City Vision. The committee members were requested to focus their discussion on the following aspects •
Strategies for development •
Priority actions and projects Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 23 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
Discussion on Strategies for development The sector wise strategies discussed for completing the mission and vision derived for the city are given as below:‐. Water Supply • The water supply distribution system should be planned considering newly merged villages by way of systematic zoning system to avoid cross‐connections, leakage, head loss, contamination and spare power consumption. • Worn out pipeline should be removed. • Provision of additional Treatment plant. • Bring in efficiencies in system and operational performance: A comprehensive operational manual needs to be prepared and the Municipal Council staff to be trained in operating the system in a scientific manner. Undertake training and capacity building of core team. • The service has the potential to involve the private sector in the current format to bring in efficiency in O&M and recovery. • Norms for the revision of water tariff should be taken immediately add‐on by awareness programs with regard to cost recovery and plugging of illegal connections. Sewerage system • A Proposal for underground sewerage system should be planned considering newly merged villages according to the topography of the city with priority focus on the densely populated areas and potential development areas. • Commissioning of the underground sewerage system along with sewerage treatment plant should be taken up in priority. The treated water can be utilized for irrigation and rain water harvesting. Storm Water Drainage • City should develop an adequate storm water drainage network in a scientific manner, taking into consideration key parameters of precipitation intensity, catchments delineation, percolation characteristics and surface runoff. • Open drains should be cleaned regularly. Traffic and Transportation • Parking lot should be proposed to remove encroachment on road. • Provision of bye‐pass road. • Narrow roads should be one way so as not to cause traffic congestion. • The provision of high mast light at every major junction and improvement of Road junction to Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 24 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
rectify the problem of traffic congestion. • Municipal council should take initiative for widening key roads in the City, which will involve substantial encroachment removal and land acquisition. A study which covers all elements like Road capacity, Surface, Bottleneck formation, connectivity, parking allocation and management should be taken up. Solid Waste Management • Comprehensive study for solid waste management is required for selecting appropriate site of disposal and system has to be implemented for assessment of type and quantum of waste generated. • Waste collection should ensure segregation at source and separate management of segregated waste. Market waste management, Vegetable and market wastes could be separately transported to a common facility for disposal. • Bio‐medical waste management: As per the statutory requirements, the collection and management needs to be enhanced to ensure proper segregated management of this category of waste on PPP basis. There is a need to install a policy to facilitate the collection people to earn from the collection of waste. To hospital waste and waste from meat market, incinerator facility shall be provided at potential sites. • Solid waste should be disposed scientifically so not to cause health and environment hazardous. Primary and secondary waste collection should be modernized so as to achieve 100% waste collection. • Throwing of solid waste on road side and burning of solid waste should be stopped by conducting Public awareness programs Urban Poor • Proposal sanctioned for City‐wide integrated slum improvement and redevelopment program covering housing, economic development core civic services, health education and other social amenities under various schemes of State/Central Govt. • Promotion of initiatives by community groups and ULB to make town slum free. • Discourage development of further slums by announcing cut‐off dates. Declaring the existing status of slums. Slums developed after cut‐off dates should be demolished by framing rules and strict enforcements. • Formation of ward level committee to discourage the further development of slums. • Municipal Council should ensure appropriate inclusion of slums and economically weaker section settlements in their infrastructure development plans. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 25 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
• Municipal Council needs to carry out a comprehensive study of slum and economically weaker section settlements to identify specific needs and priorities. Social Infrastructure • Land having tenure of Government / other parastatal department which is available and lying fallow should be identified and put request to the concern department for utilizing it for public purposes. • Up gradation of existing Gardens by introducing PPP model in Operation & Maintenance. • Introducing modem and reliable equipment and machinery, with appropriate facilities for their upkeep and maintenance in Fire service • Cleaning campaigning and Health checkup program in slum should be taken up frequently • Leakage of water pipeline should be repaired to stop contamination with sewerage water. Municipal Administration and Finance • To tackle and control natural disaster and critical situation, citizens, community participation & infrastructure should be made available in the City • Municipal Council should introduce, act & follow‐up for strict enforcement of development activities after introduction of development control regulations. • Municipal Council, as part of its strategy to build in‐house capacity, to train the existing manpower resource through training programs and workshops. Staff to be rotated inter‐
department in order to promote in multi‐skilling and team building. • Municipal Council will need to formulate a framework for promoting or facilitating PPP / PSP in project development using various tools of Concession or models of Build Operate Transfer (BOT) depending upon the project requirement. • Revision of the Annual Ratable Value at certain levels. Maintenance of the collection performance of taxes and charges at certain minimum levels for current and for arrears. • Revision of water charges and introduction of sewerage charges at specific intervals. Various committees should be formed with action plans for the tax recovery condition. • Public Private Partnership should be encouraged to improve infrastructural facility in financial sustainable manner. • Incentives should be offered for timely payment of charges against various services. Wide publicity should be made to achieve required recovery. Economic Development • Looking to the development of the Mandi Market, Waraseoni should be declared as an Agricultural Economic zone Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 26 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
• Soya bean and Sugarcane related industries should be encouraged by new strategies and project, so that employment opportunities can be generated which results in economic development of the city. • Agro based Industries, small scale industries and household industries should be encouraged for over all industrial development. 1.7.2
Third Workshop: Strategies and Priorities Projects
One day workshop was organised on 1st April, 2010 at Nagar Parishad Hall – Waraseoni Municipal Council. All the stakeholders from different field were invited by Municipal Council through invitation letter. Media representatives, Engineers, Officers from various departments like PWD, PHE, Education board etc. came and gave their valuable remarks and contributed in preparation of City Development Plan for Waraseoni. An introduction about the City Development Plan and their components, work done till date was briefed to invited stakeholders. Mr. Pradeep Jaiswal, M.L.A. Waraseoni remained present in this workshop and addressed the meeting. He gave some valuable suggestion & said to keep focus on self sustain governance; improve the level of basic services delivered to the citizens. He has also urged to the people of Waraseoni to pay taxes regularly and contribute in developing the city. The participation was done by M.L.A., Municipal Council President, councilors, Chief Municipal Officer, Junior Engineer, Head of all the departments, other stakeholder group and citizen of Waraseoni. A. in the first session of workshop following points were discussed:‐ 1. Evaluation of strategies from the perspective of their contribution to achieve the vision and Sector goals. 2. Criteria for prioritizing the strategies, Programs and Projects. 3. Finalisation of Strategy based on the criteria with the prioritized actions and projects. 4. Municipal Finance status ‐ Demand ‐ Collection ‐ Balance statement for Water and Property taxes along with collection performance for last five years. 5. Estimation of Preliminary Funding requirement 6. Governance framework and reform action plan ‐ Evaluation of Reform (State level/local level) on the basis of vision, strategic plan and to sustain planned interventions. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 27 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
B. In second phase of the workshop city’s potential priorities actions as perceived by the stakeholders was discussed. By giving views in the form of vocal suggestion, participants contributed in preparation of City Development Plan for next 25 Year. The strategies and priority projects, financial status of Council were also discussed which are required to attain the City Vision. Stakeholder belonging to groups like traders and business group came forward with their suggestions. They showed their concern about the problems of day to day life like traffic congestion, encroachment problem, etc. The promising attitude of stakeholders can be taken as a positive attitude for concern for their city’s development and prospects. Third Workshop Proceedings: Agenda for Third Workshop The Stakeholders were requested to focus their discussion on the following aspects: 1. Finalize Strategy for achieving the city vision 2. Priority Action and Projects 3. Preliminary Funding. 4. Reform Programme Finalizing Strategies Followings are the sector wise strategies to be finalized for completing the mission and vision derived for the city. Besides the main vision other aspects of developments like lacking amenities and facilities were also discussed. The employment generation and smooth movement also emerged as one of the strong point of concern. City –Vision Development of town is towards Sikandara, Rampayali, Balaghat, and people from surrounding villages come to Waraseoni daily for their work, it is decided to include following surrounding towns in Waraseoni, so that they will get all the facilities as a town. 1. Mehandiwada 2. Murzad 3. Chandori 4. Wara 5. Madnapur 6. Khandwa 7. Khapa 8. Sikandara 9. Koshte 10. Tumadi The potential of city in respect of major agriculture base, trading of agriculture produce and sound environmental status was discussed and it was finalized to have the vision of the city as “ Eco‐Agro Trade city”. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 28 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
The development of city with the vision of Eco‐Agro Trade Plan will help to improve the experience through sustainable development. The development plan will focus on the creation of a positive policy framework; improved infrastructures; ensuring that City benefits from future growth; further improving targeted marketing (with a particular focus on the self‐driven market); and strengthening the profitability and professionalism of the industry. And for environmental sustainability adoption of “Integrated Community Sustainability planning” (to address climate change and encourage the development of healthier, less costly and more sustainable communities.) and other measures like rain‐water harvesting, plantation and use of Gas fuel, etc. The development plan will be an exciting high‐level strategic Plan. The planning process and Agro Trade itself provide clear evidence that the stakeholders from this sector, supporting sectors and the government partners are enthusiastic about a commitment for growing the city for profitable and sustainable agricultural activities. The supporting approach and enthusiasm in the thought process boost a confident in realizing the vision, directions and partnerships in the CDP –Eco‐Agro Trade Plan to make an enormous difference to the city’s future prosperity and quality of life. STRATEGY COMPONENTS for the vision of city as: Eco‐Agro Trade city The strategies discussed showed a positive approach from the stakeholders and also points for an approach to attract investors to the city for partnership in the development. Within the context of achieving sustainable tourism, the Eco‐Agro trade Plan focuses on four key goals to help move towards this ambitious figure. These goals are: • developing infrastructure and products • being highly productive in marketing • achieving strategic alignment of policy, investment and development • developing a strong, professional and profitable industry. These goals will be pursued through the development of strong implementation Partnerships with key stakeholders. 1.
Inspiring partnerships for sustainable tourism b. The CDP vision – Eco‐Agro Trade Plan acknowledges and respects that all the vision activity and development will take place on lands and efforts of the citizens and will encourage the communities to feel a part of the anticipated economic successes. c. Joint prominent industry + Government plans that contribute for a shared vision, clear direction and a sound platform for sustainable growth, will involve first the development and sound marketing planning and strategic action plan for developing the vision , and Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 29 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
secondly, in attracting investments and good players in the industry across region for the transformation of the vision on the ground. d. Development of physical and social infrastructure with Govt. grants, Public‐private –
partnership mode, Private interventions. Employment generation via development projects and by exploitation of potential of the city to make the city self sufficient in terms of employment generation and financial base. a. Silk industry b. Agriculture, horticulture and floriculture cultivation and trading c. Scientific development of veterinary breed and health aspect. d. Other trading and commerce e. Service base industries. e. The significant challenges and opportunities existing for the successful vision of the tourism industry will require clear strategic thinking and a shared sense of purpose. To fully realize the opportunities and mutual benefits through tourism, there is a need for strategic commitment from the industry and its many partners. f.
The strategic approach will include following aspects:‐ a. Knowledge and ‘know‐how’ strategy – improving range and quality of information on different crops with new production techniques, market , distribution channels, suppliers, etc. that ultimately lead to production of class quality of agriculture produces. b. Investment strategy – attracting local investment besides govt. funds and loans. The investment can be attracted by giving policy incentives like electricity subsidy for initial years of development, quick and easy procedure for sanctions of loans etc. c. Product strategy – expanding and improving the different produces. d. Infrastructure strategy – improving roads, utilities, etc. e. Access strategy – improving rail and ground access transport f.
Human resource development – improving skills and service standards g. Marketing and communications strategy – creating greater awareness in marketplace and market strategies h. Capacity building strategy – Setting up Agricultural University, silk farming institute and veterinary college and hospital with R&D wing conducting different Training programs for capacity building of individuals. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 30 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
i.
Security awareness strategy: police patrolling, strict laws and regulations, heavy penalty on defaulters, mandatory health policy for all the citizen and insurance cover of all aspects. j.
Installation of solar and wind farm. The average wind speed is 35kms/hr in all months and higher in monsoon. k. Implementation of GIS for better monitoring, billing and fault finding of all services and infrastructure including traffic and police services. l.
Rehabilitation of slum settlements to make the city slum‐free under Govt. programs like IHSDP, etc. 2. Developing Waraseoni as silk farming and production center: a. To cover and catch the untapped potential of the region and Enhancement for saaj farming in land near forest area with the help of govt. and private investors. b. Conservation and rejuvenation of silk faming at large scale. Establishment of silk development board to enhance conventional silk manufacturing and green silk manufacturing. c. Construction of modern infrastructure and communication facilities. The control of communication will be done through electronic media and satellite connectivity. d. Incentives in the form of tax holiday, single window ‐easy approval etc. for farming, manufacturing and marketing units. e. Training units, modern methods for looming, dying and R&D etc. 3. Investment Strategy The role of Government is to create the enabling environment that establishes a positive climate for investment. This will encompass issues such as tax incentives; reduction in bureaucratic procedures and regulations, clarification of land tenure and land access issues. 4. Agriculture production and Trading related infrastructure a. Development of Agricultural University with research centre for agriculture, horticulture and floriculture to develop seeds and cropping pattern for the region as per the soil and climate and irrigation conditions. b. Establishment of processing units for horticulture and agriculture produce. c. Development of Mandi with all facilities. d. Establishment of marketing units, Cold storage and warehouses. e. Required infrastructure Facilities like transportation, roads linkages etc. f.
Incentives like award for highest production or for new development shall be given to attract individuals to this sector. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 31 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
g. Formulate rail access transport policy and plan h. To cover and catch the untapped potential of the region and exploit the second and third crop possibility 5. Improvement of Safety & security situation Establish security awareness plan. With an increasing concern about terrorist attacks, security has become a priority issue and will be monitored and handled on an on‐going basis and not in response to events. 6. A stabilization in the perceived health threats Development of naturopathy, health spa and Ayurvedic health industry will be taken up by private interventions. Establishment of Ayurvedic College and hospital with R& D units will facilitate the sector. 7. A stabilization in the perceived health threats a. Development of health centers, multispecialty hospital and Ayurvedic health industry by private interventions. b. Establishment of veterinary college and hospital with R&D unit. c. Eradication of Mosquito and pig menace. 8. Maintaining environmental sustainability a. Making the city Environmental sustainable by adopting “Integrated Community Sustainability planning” (to address climate change and encourage the development of healthier, less costly and more sustainable communities.). b. Implementation of project of bio‐diversity under Central Government program. c. Conservation efforts for migrated birds shall be taken up. d. Several small stop dams to be constructed along the river adjoining Waraseoni for rain water harvesting e. For drinking water – water source from Wainganga River (Perennial River), with treatment plant and proper distribution system. Rain Water harvesting to be made compulsory. f.
As the pollution level of water, soil and air is almost under allowable limits. Further stage ‐ Maintaining zero carbon standards for environment. Use of gas as fuel to stop danger of future air pollution. Ban on diesel vehicles and conversion of them on GAS shall be made mandatory. g. Plantation of grass, trees like neem etc. to stop soil erosion and dust particles in the air and to have pure air. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 32 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
h. Balanced mix of hard and soft landscape at problematic areas to reduce dust. Cleaning of lakes, nallahs and de‐siltation of river, installation of green bridges to purify water of water bodies. i.
Rainwater harvesting with such purified water will reduce contamination of ground water and to increase ground water table. 9. Employment generation tool 1. Trading represents an unrivalled opportunity to grow the economy further, redistribute wealth and create jobs as a result of the new money it attracts into the state. 2. Higher in‐migration of unskilled/ labour population to the city while out‐ Migration of technically qualified people for employment to other cities. Creating incentives to stop out‐
migration and utilization of in‐migrants. 10. Industrial area In the discussion: location, wind direction, type of industries, etc. were the major points of discussion. Referring the wind direction, the new location of Industrial area was finalized on Chondari road. It was also decided that Truck terminal, warehousing and storage facilities should also be propose near Industrial area. 11. Construction of Stadium There is no stadium in the city which. It was decided to propose a new stadium of international level with all the modern facilities. 12. Inter State Bus Terminus At present inter State Bus stand is located in heart of the city. Daily around 100 buses passes through Waraseoni. The facilities on bus stand are lacking and needs up gradation. Space for Parking of buses is also insufficient. It was discussed to use the area behind bus stand to be utilised for development purpose. 13. Mandi Mandi is situated in the heart of the city. Area of Mandi is 05 acre. The space is not sufficient to keep the agricultural produces. Parking facility is not sufficient to cater existing need. It was decided to shift the Mandi to new place in around 20 acre area. The new Mandi will have all the required facilities. 14. Warehouses A system of warehousing was decided to be proposed, so that farmers can keep their produce in the warehouse, take a loan against it from banks, and sell the produce at a later date when the prices are higher. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 33 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
15. Hawker Zone Most of the hawkers in Waraseoni place their push‐carts wherever they wish to. They encroach on the open spaces near roads which results into traffic congestion. It was discussed to make a dedicated hawker zone and should be located in a way to facilitate the citizens and hawkers. 16. Lakes There are 7 lakes in the city. Most of the lakes are at dying stage. It was decided to rejuvenate all the lakes and Gardens with all the modern facilities, playing zone etc should be developed near Shankar talab. 17. Agricultural University Waraseoni is agro base city. Rice of Waraseoni is distributed throughout India. Many other crops are being taken up by farmers. To educate them and train them with latest technology, it was decided to propose an Agriculture University at Waraseoni. This will enhance the production of agriculture produces resulting into enhancing quality of life of farmers. 18. Handicraft Handicraft is very old business going on from a generation which is dying out. There are 40 looms in Waraseoni area which are not in use at this stage. Their major concern is the non‐availability of raw silk for Handlooms. Due to easy access for global market to India, raw material coming from Korea and China is cheaper than local raw material. It was proposed to rejuvenate this dying business by Sericulture. Sericulture is predominantly rural sector industry. Sericulture having an agro forestry base is an important tool for generating revenues of self‐employment in rural areas. The activity of Sericulture is composed of two distinct but very closely interlinked phases. These phases are: 1. Plantation and rearing of Silk worm for production of Cocoons. 2. Collection of Cocoons and unwinding of Silk filament known as raw‐silk. Raw silk is used by traditional weavers. The Waraseoni is having two types of Sericulture Industry a) Tasar b) Mulberry. The saris and cloth materials prepared here are sold to all parts of Country. Though the status of silk industry is not very sound now days but with necessary support the industry can flourish to its glory again. 19. Bail Bazar The Bail Bazaar in Waraseoni attracts buyers and sellers from surrounding region around 40 towns/villages, in large number. It is a weekly affair held every Tuesday. It is just an open ground with no facilities. It was proposed to develop Bail Bazar with shed, sitting arrangement, water supply and other facilities. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 34 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
20. PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE The physical and social infrastructures components exist in the city were discussed for improvements. The thought process produced point as under:‐ 1. Water Supply 1. Bring in efficiencies in system and operational performance: A comprehensive operational manual needs to be prepared and the Municipal Council staff to be trained in operating the system in a scientific manner. Undertake training and capacity building of core team. 2. The service has the potential to involve the private sector in the current format to bring in efficiency in O & M and recovery. 3. The water supply distribution system should be implemented by way of systematic zoning system to avoid cross‐connections, leakage, head loss, contamination and spare power consumption. 4. Norms for the revision of water tariff should be taken immediately add‐on by awareness programs with regard to cost recovery and plugging of illegal connections. 5. Leakage of water pipeline should be repaired to stop contamination with sewerage water. 6. A project for existing city limits has been submitted to State Govt. for approval, need is to pursue the project for sanctioning. A project for villages under extended limits should be prepared with the aim of 24x7 water supply scheme. The water requirement shall also include the future floating population as expected by the growth of the city. 2. Sewerage system 1. A project of under‐ground sewerage system for existing municipal limits has already been submitted to State Govt. A Proposal for underground sewerage system should be planned for the extended limits including the villages/town merged according to the topography of the city with priority focus on the densely populated areas and potential development areas. The project requirement shall also include the future floating population as expected by the growth of the city. 2. Commissioning of the Underground Drainage System along with sewerage treatment plant should be taken up in priority. The treated water can be utilized for cultivation. 3. City level sanitation program including public toilets on paid toilet use bases should be implemented. The paid toilets shall be located on all prominent places where high visiting population is characterized, school, colleges etc. 4. A low capacity low cost sewerage treatment plants like DEWAT should be developed and implemented on potential locations like settlements that are not connected with underground sewerage system of city. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 35 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
3. Storm Water Drainage 1. City should develop an adequate storm water drainage network in a scientific manner, taking into consideration key parameters of precipitation intensity, catchments delineation, percolation characteristics and surface runoff. 2. Bunding of natural drains and these drains should be cleaned regularly. 3. The lakes in the city with catchment area shall be cleaned, rejuvenate and attached with filtration module to collect filtered water. 4. Traffic and Transportation 1. Parking lot should be proposed to remove on‐road vehicle parking for short duration and long duration. 2. Widening of all major roads of the city to cater for the future traffic. The proposed roads within the existing limits and under extended limits shall be designed with high width to cater the increasing daily traffic and of floating population. 3. A Ring road to connect agglomeration settlements with the core city shall be proposed for easy movement. An intra‐city bus transport services shall be started. 4. A Bye‐pass road for segregating trans‐passing traffic to city traffic. Planning of ROBs and flyovers on traffic congestion points. 5. Narrow roads that cannot be broadened should be one way so as not to cause traffic congestion. 6. The provision of high mast light at every major junction and improvement of Road junction to rectify the problem of traffic congestion. 7. Municipal council should take initiative for widening key roads in the City, which will involve substantial encroachment removal and land acquisition. A study which covers all elements like Road capacity, Surface, Bottleneck formation, connectivity, parking allocation and management should be taken up. 5. Solid Waste Management 1. Comprehensive study for solid waste management is required for selecting appropriate site of disposal and system has to be implemented for assessment of type and quantum of waste generated. 2. Waste collection should ensure segregation at source and separate management of segregated waste. Market waste management‐ Vegetable and market wastes could be separately transported to a common facility for disposal. 3. Bio‐medical waste management‐. As per the statutory requirements, the collection and management needs to be enhanced to ensure proper segregated management of this Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 36 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
category of waste. The capacity of the existing incinerator facility needs to be reviewed and augmented if required to dispose all such waste generated in the city. 4. Solid waste should be disposed scientifically so not to cause health and environment hazard. 5. Primary and secondary waste collection should be modernized so as to achieve 100% waste collection. 6. Throwing of solid waste on road side and burning of solid waste should be stopped by conducting Public awareness programs. 7. Inviting private agency to collect, disposal of solid waste with manufacturing of manure. 6. Urban Poor 1. A slum up‐gradation project shall be proposed under IHSDP scheme of Central Government to make slum free city. 2. Proposal for agglomeration area integrated slum improvement and redevelopment program covering housing, economic development, core civic services, health and education and other social amenities under Central/State Government scheme shall be done. 3. Promotion of initiatives by the Govt/community groups to make town "slum free" through various schemes. Discourage development of further slums by announcing cut‐off dates. Declaring the existing status of slums. Slums developed after cut‐off dates should be demolished by framing rules and strict enforcements. Formation of ward level committee to discourage the further development of slums. 4. Municipal Council needs to carry out a comprehensive study of slum and economically weaker section settlements to identify specific needs and priorities especially for health and education. 5. Cleaning campaigning and Health checkup program in slum should be taken up frequently. 7. Social Infrastructure 1. Land having tenure of Government/other parastatal department which is available and lying fallow should be identified and put request to the concern department for utilizing it for public purposes. 6. Up gradation of existing Gardens with modern entertaining rides, landscaping, provision of refreshment stall etc by introducing PPP model in Operation & Maintenance. 7. Introducing modem and reliable equipment and machinery, with appropriate facilities for their upkeep and maintenance in Fire service. 8. Education institutions shall be upgraded and establishment of new schools and medical college. 9. Establishment of boarding school. Old age home and medication centers for old. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 37 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
10. Research facility and multi discipline education in agriculture, fish farming, veterinary and pearl farming. 21. Municipal Administration and Finance 1. To tackle and control natural disaster and critical situation citizens, community participation & infrastructure should be made available in the City. 2. Municipal Council should act & follow‐up for strict enforcement of development activities as per development control regulations. 3. Municipal Council, as part of its strategy to build in‐house capacity, to train the existing manpower resource through training programs and workshops. Staff to be rotated inter‐
department in order to promote in multi‐skilling and team building. 4. Municipal Council will need to formulate a framework for promoting or facilitating PPP / PSP in project development using various tools of Concession or models of Build Operate Transfer (BOT) depending upon the project requirement. 5. Revision of the Annual Ratable Value at certain levels. Maintenance of the collection of taxes and charges at certain minimum levels for current and for arrears. 6. Revision of water and sewerage charges at specific intervals. Various committees should be formed with action plans for the tax recovery so as to improve Municipal Council's financial condition. 7. Public private partnership should be encouraged to improve infrastructural facility in financial sustainable manner. 8. Incentives should be offered for timely payment of charges against various services. Wide publicity should be made to achieve required recovery. 22. Economic Development 1. Agricultural production and trading should be given the highest priority with development of Agricultural University and related infrastructure required for agriculture boost. 2. Fish Farming, seeding and fish farming of demand oriented Fish Farming should be upgraded for better market and revenue generation. 3. Looking to the importance of the city in the district, development of health related facilities and research cells for development of naturopathy centers and herbal medicine should be given priorities. The medical up‐gradation for old–age population and for handicapped population should also be the object of this concern. 4. The handicraft and mineral related industries should be encouraged by new strategies and project, so that employment opportunities can be generated which results in economic development of the city. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 38 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
5. Agro based Industries, small scale industries and household industries should be encouraged for over all industrial development. 6. Education industry should be expanded for the benefit of citizen and dependable population 23. SECTOR PRIORITY On the basis of detailed analysis of existing situation (Spatial & Statistical), Identification of Issues, quantification of gaps base on target, Stakeholder's Perceptions during Workshops strategies are formulated and identification and prioritization of Projects has been defined as mentioned below. Table A: Sector Priority S.N. SECTOR 1 Water Supply 2 Under Ground Drainage System 3 Traffic and Transportation 4 Urban Poor 5 Storm Water Drainage System 6 Storm Water Drainage System 7 Land use & Master Plan 8 Public Places and Heritage Building 9 Municipal Administration 10 Non‐conventional energy Table B: PRIORITY ACTION AND PROJECTS S.N. SECTOR DESCRIPTION I Physical infrastructure 1 Water supply 1 Water Supply with 135 lpcd to the entire city area including agglomeration by 2015. 2. Water treatment system should be proposed to maintain the quality of potable water. 3. Newly developed area should be connected with water distribution system. 2 Sewerage system 1. Persuasion of submitted project of the underground sewer system along with sewerage treatment plant should be taken up in priority. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 39 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
2. Project for underground sewer system for agglomeration area should be prepared and submitted to State Govt for sanctioning. 3 Storm water drain 1. Persuasion of project submitted for well planned storm water drainage network to avoid contamination of rain water with sewerage water. 2. Preparation of project of agglomeration area for submission to state govt for sanctioning. 4 Traffic and Transportation 1. Initiate proposals for widening key roads in the city along with footpath development, encroachment; removal and land acquisition/Land pooling with the help of legal tool. Development of Bus Stand immediately. 2. Development of Important junctions to reduce the accident and easy flow of traffic movement. 3. Proposal of separate parking lot near the major commercial centers and market place to remove traffic bottleneck due to on‐street parking. 4. Construction of Divider on main road of the city. 5.Proposal of Truck terminal or Transport Nagar for truck 6. Availability of Bus Service as a Public Transportation facility. 7. Development of new roads for newly developed areas. 8. Proposal for Construction of underpass and fly over at Railway Crossings for smooth flow of traffic. Fly over on Balaghat road on railway crossing near Wara. 9. Proposal for bye‐ pass road and ring road. 5 Solid Waste Management 1.There is a need to develop a comprehensive solid waste management system 2. The proposed system should aim at applying best practices solid waste management, including in waste segregation at source, community‐ based collection systems, efficient transportation and scientific treatment and disposal of waste.
3. Capacity building of Municipal Council should be assured Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 40 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
by availing required no of equipments to cater the need of solid waste collection and disposal by provision of site away from Town. II Urban poor 1. A slum up‐gradation project under IHSDP scheme of Central Govt shall be proposed. Implementation of sanctioned IHSDP to start the effort towards slum free city. 2. Proposal for agglomeration area integrated slum improvement and redevelopment program covering housing, economic development, core civic services, health and education and other social amenities under Central/State Government scheme shall be done. 3. Employment generation by development of Trade and commerce. III Public Places 1. Up‐gradation of existing Gardens with modem entertaining rides, landscaping, provision of refreshment stall etc should be taken up immediately. 2.Conserving and Beautification of the lakes, river banks and development of picnic spots, lake beautification for evening recreation with garden and amusement park to attract the visitors. IV Land use & spatial growth their development plan sanctioned by the Government. So pattern 1. Municipal Council should make a conscious effort to get that they can control the city development in a phased and planned manner, adopting best practices in urban development and planning norms. 2. Implementation of Development Plan Proposals to arrest indiscriminate sprawl and ensure equitable and sustainable urban development. 3. Up gradation of Educational Institutes to cater the advance educational needs. 4. Establishment of new Colleges and high facility schools. 5. Construction of Stadium and Auditorium in the city. 6. Civil Hospital should be developed and modernized in Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 41 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
terms of facilities. 7. Establishment of agricultural university and research facility for agriculture, handloom and silk cloth manufacturing, and veterinary sector. 8. Highly equipped marketing infrastructure for various produces. V Municipal Administration 1. To tackle and control natural disaster and critical situation citizens, community participation & infrastructure should be made available in the Town. 2. Municipal Council, as part of its strategy to build in‐house capacity, to train the existing manpower resource through training programs and workshops. Staff to be rotated inter department in order to promote in multi‐skilling and team building. 3.Billing system should be implemented for Tax collection 24. Preliminary Funding Requirement Preliminary Funding as align with the identified vision for Waraseoni has been prepared through a comprehensive process of assessment of gaps in the physical and social infrastructure sectors. This assessment has also led to the identification of sectors specific strategies, implementation actions and associated reforms with specific inputs from stakeholders. The strategies adopted primarily have three dimensions ‐ improving service delivery by efficiency measures; improving service delivery by creating infrastructure assets; and improving the governance aspect of the Municipal Council. This section summarizes the capital investments required for creating infrastructure assets. The total estimated capital investment required to providing efficient services to the population and future population of Waraseoni by the year 2035 is Rs. 267.26 crores 25. Financial Status The municipal finances of the Municipal Council have been reviewed for the last five years, commencing from the financial year 2005‐06 to 2008‐09. The items of both receipts and expenditure are classified under revenue and capital accounts as per their sources and uses. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 42 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
Table C: Municipal Revenue Income Year Revenue Account Receipts (Rs. Lakh) Tax Non‐Tax Transfers Total including grants 2005/06 62.83 20.20 96.49 179.52 2006/07 83.49 55.41 84.33 223.23 2007/08 83.29 56.69 175.28 315.26 2008/09 (Anticipated) 142.01 55.11 1597.11 1794.23 Table D: Municipal Revenue Expenditure Year Revenue Account Expenditure (Rs. Lakh) Establishment Operation & Interest Others Total (wages & salaries) maintenance payment 2005/06 28.24 160.51 5.35 23.06 217.16 2006/07 27.51 167.34 7.42 15.57 217.84 2007/08 23.33 236.24 6.74 20.01 286.32 2008/09 (Anticipated) 29.23 1692.59 18.20 29.60 1769.62 The revenue income of Municipal Council has grown to a level of Rs. 315.26 lakhs in FY 2007‐08 from Rs 179.52 lakhs during FY 2005‐06, registering a CAGR of 32.52 percent, while revenue expenditure increased at a CAGR of14.82 percent. This projects a moderate financial condition of Municipal Council; Municipal Council has consistently maintained a revenue surplus of an average 25.51 % of its revenue income. However, the pressure of capital expenses on the revenue account is increasing year after year. This situation demands expenditure control measures and planned capital investments on the part of Municipal Council. Table E: Financial Status at a Glance Year All figures in Lacs Revenue Account 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 (Anticipated) Previous Balance 65.04 62.68 68.07 97.01 Revenue Income 179.52 223.23 315.26 1794.23 Revenue Expenditure 217.16 217.84 286.32 1769.62 Surplus / Deficit 27.40 68.07 97.01 121.62 Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 43 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
Capital income of Municipal Council comprises own resources in the form of loans and internal transfers from revenue to capital account for utilization towards asset creation. It is observed that external sources in form of grants contributing in capital income during the review period. It is also observed that capital expenditure has been inconsistent during the review period; this trend can be attributed to the availability of revenue surplus. 26. REFORM ACTION PLAN Background Urban agenda lays emphasis on development linked with reforms. Following vital issues are covered under urban reforms: 1. The administration would be made more responsive accountable, transparent and people oriented by modernizing of urban local bodies. 2. Municipalities Act would be amended to make it more people‐friendly and responsive and accountable to the citizens, so that the administrative bodies can discharge duties in an efficient and transparent manner. The focus is on: a) Improving and augmenting the civic, social and economic infrastructure b) Ensuring basic services for the poor including security of tenure at affordable prices, c) initiating wide‐ ranging urban sector reforms, primarily aimed at eliminating legal, institutional and financial constraints that are impeding investments in urban infrastructure and services, and d) Strengthening municipal governments and their functioning The mandatory and optional reforms to be undertaken during the mission period by the Municipal Council to be eligible for funding; the reforms are at the level of the State Government and the Municipal Council. This section deals with the Municipal Council level reforms. Specific items have been identified under each reform. 1. MANDATORY REFORMS BY MC There are five mandatory reforms that a Municipal Council delivering municipal services need to implement to be eligible for funding under the scheme. The specific reforms that need to be implemented are: 1) Adoption of a modem accrual‐based double‐entry system of accounting 2) Introduction of a system of e‐governance using IT applications such as GIS and MIS for various services provided by the Municipal Council facilities 3) Reform of property tax with GIS and achievement of collection efficiency of 95 percent of the demand by the end of the mission Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 44 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
4) Levy of reasonable user charges with the objective that the full cost of O&M or the recurring cost is collected within the next seven years. 5) Internal earmarking in budgets for basic services to the urban poor, 6) Provision of basic services to the urban poor including security of tenure at affordable prices 1. Property tax a.
Present Status: Property tax is currently levied on Residential, Commercial and industrial properties. b.
Amount of property tax being collected for year 2007‐08 is Rs 6.07 Lakhs against total Demand of Rs.18.00 lakhs having collection efficiency of 33.74 %. c.
Property Tax is assessed by Area based Method. Residence –Rs.2.00 – Rs16.00 per sq.ft Commercial – Rs.5.00 – Rs.70.00 per sq.ft d.
The Property tax is determined by Ratable value. e.
Property tax record is maintained manually by Property tax register. f.
Last updating of Property records was conducted in 2008‐09 g.
Change of ownership / occupation is captured when amendment for tax payer's details is applied 2. Action Measures a) Extension of property tax regime to all properties should be completed. b) Elimination of exemptions should be done. c) Migration to Self‐Assessment System of Property Taxation should be implemented. d) Use of GIS‐based property tax system 1. Appoint Private consultant 2. Preparation of digital property maps for municipal area 3. Verification of digital maps and preparation of complete data‐base of properties 4. Full migration to GIS system e) Next revision of guidance values f) Fix periodicity for revision of guidance values g) Establish Taxpayer education program 1. Clarification of doubts and assistance in filling out forms 2. Upload on website for property tax issues/ FAQs etc should be taken up. h) Dispute resolution mechanism should be implemented i) Rewarding and acknowledging honest and prompt taxpayers j) Achievement of 90% Coverage Ratio Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 45 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
k) Achievement of 95% Collection Ratio l) Establishing effective arrears recovery mechanism m) Target for reductive in arrears 3. E‐GOVERNANCE Present Status a. E‐Governance applications are going on for all services. b. Registration of Births and Deaths is computerized. c. Public Grievance Redresal is in progress. d. Database Regarding property tax is getting computerized and same will be on line by December 2010. Presently the record is maintained manually by Property tax register. e. Double entry Municipal Accounting System is going on. f. Building plan approval, Licenses and certificate are not computerized. b. Action Measures a) Appointment of State‐level Technology Consultant as State Technology Advisor b) Preparation of Municipal E‐Governance Design Document (MEDD) on the basis of National Design Document as per National Mission Mode Programme (NMMP) c) Assessment of Municipal E‐Governance Design Document (MEDD) against National E‐Governance Standards (e.g. Scalability, intra‐operability & security standards etc.) d) Agreement on Municipal E‐Governance Action Agenda e) Business Process Reengineering (BPR) for migration to e‐governance f) Exploring PPP option for different E‐Governance initiative that is being taken up g) Defining moniterable time‐table for implementation of each E‐governance initiative h) Ongoing implementation of E‐governance initiatives, against monitorable time‐table 4. MUNICIPAL ACCOUNTING Present Status 1. Single entry cash method based on Municipal account code is being followed 2. Under the Provisions Municipalities Act, the local fund examiner auditing records of municipal account and is reported to general board of the municipality and to govt. 3. Absence of accounting manual 4. Double entry accrual based double entry accounting system is going on. Action Measures a) Resolution by Government expressing commitment to establish modem municipal accounting system Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 46 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
b) Legislation/Modification of rules for migrating to double‐entry accounting system should be taken up. c) Appointment of consultants for development of State manual should be done (either based on National Municipal Accounting Manual (NMAM) or independently) d) Commence training of personnel e) Appointment of field‐level consultant for implementation at the city‐level f) Notification of cut‐off date for migrating to the double‐entry accounting system g) Business Process Re‐engineering (if required) h) Valuation of assets and liabilities i) Drawing up of opening balance sheet (OBS): a. Provisional OBS b. Adoption of provisional OBS. c. Finalisation of OBS j) Full migration to double‐entry accounting system k) Production of financial statements (income‐expenditure accounts and balance sheet) J) Audit of financial statements 5. INTERNAL EARMARKING FOR BASIC SERVICES FOR POOR Present Status a) Per capital income for the B.P.L. family earmarked to Rs, 600 to 1700per month b) 6395 numbers of populations that have been identified as BPL c) 80% of slum households living in squatter settlements/ temporary structures d) Percentage of households living in squatter settlements/ temporary structures without access to 1.
Municipal water supply ‐ 4% 2.
Sanitation – 8% 3.
Sewer – 100%. 4.
Community toilets ‐60% 5.
Solid Waste Management ‐45% 6.
Primary Education ‐ 2% 7.
Primary Health ‐ 10% Action Measures a) Criteria for identification of the Urban Poor should be defined b) Fresh enumeration based on the above should be taken up c) Define threshold service levels for the Urban Poor across various services Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 47 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
d) Strategic document which outlines the requirements both physical and financial timeframes, sources of funding and implementation strategies including community participation, monitorable output indicators for each of the services, including outlining convergences e) Periodic impact evaluation by independent agencies appointed by the state government f) Other reform steps being undertaken for Slum Networking Project, Project to provide Pay & Use Toilets, Rain Water Harvesting Project. 6. USER CHARGES Present Status a) Presently taxes are levied in the form of Water Tax, Property tax and Combined Tax b) Water charges: i. Rs. 50/‐ Per month per connection (For Domestic Connection) ii. Rs. 75/‐ Per month per connection (For Non‐Domestic Connection) c) Combined Tax: i. Rs. 150/‐ Per year for property and Rs.75/‐ per year for Open Plot d) Absence of billing system e) Inadequate staff for collection of Tax Action Measures a) Establishment of proper accounting system for each service so as to determine the O&M cost separately for both water supply and solid waste Management. b) Time line for setting up a body for recommending a user charge structure under consideration of state government c) The State should quantify/study the impact of subsidies for each service on a periodic basis. A planned time line shall be fixed for studying the impact of subsidies for services. d) O&M costs from user charges are being supposed to recover 100% by Municipal council. Adoption of a modern accrual‐based double‐entry system of accounting As part of the adoption of a modern accrual based double entry system of accounting, the Municipal Council needs to implement the following actions and generate balance sheets: 1. Complete audit formalities for all previous years 2. Prepare accounting manual based on the National Municipal Accounting Manual (NMAM) 3. Implement function and accounting codes 4. Develop computer program for the double entry accounting system 5. Record and value all fixed and flexible assets and liabilities. 6. Carry out bank reconciliation work of all the bank accounts. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 48 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
7. Educate Municipal Council staff for accurate account coding as per National Municipal Accounting Manual (NMAM) for the preparation of the balance sheet and the budget. Introduction of a system of e‐Governance using IT applications such as GIS and MIS for various services provided E‐Governance is an opportunity to transform the Municipal Council's commitment to be 1.
citizen‐ centric, provide cost‐effective services and enhance governance through improved access to accurate information and transparent and responsive democratic institutions. Thus e‐Governance is no longer an experiment in administrative reform, but a permanent part of the governing process. For both government organizations and citizens, its advantages are far‐reaching in comparison to investment in establishing e‐Governance. The objectives of e‐Governance reforms are: a. Promote people‐centric administration ‐ Common citizens should get the benefits of the System of accurate billing. b. Move from process accountability to productivity accountability and from transactional to transformative governance ‐ The process should be computerized to increase productivity. Each department of the Municipal Council has reports, giving the exact statistics of how accountability will be achieved through the system. c. Reduce delays and ensure promptness in delivery of services ‐ Computerization would ensure timely delivery of accurate service. d. E‐Administration ‐ Improve administrative performance, making strategic connections processes by cutting cost, managing within the local bodies and creating Empowerment. e. E‐Citizen and E‐Services ‐ connect citizens to the local government by talking to citizens and supporting accountability; by listening to citizens and supporting democracy; and by improving public services. Municipal Council needs to plan for e‐Governance and extend this facility to all citizens through citizen facilitations centre (CFC) which could provide the following services: a. Registration of births and deaths (Already in use) b. Public grievance redressal as part of an interactive web site and also at CFC c. Property tax payments through CFC d. Works Management System and E‐Procurement e. Fully computerized pay roll and pension system f.
Fully automated building plan permissions g. Document Management System h. GIS‐based property tax and overall GIS for engineering, water supply and other services Property tax on GIS platform and proposed achievement of collection efficiency of at least 95% Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 49 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
Certain reforms in property taxes with the broad objective of establishing a simple, transparent, non‐discretionary and equitable property tax to encourage voluntary compliance; the same is to be brought under the GIS platform. With regard to reforms in the property tax system, the first step is to introduce property tax. In this regard, Municipal Council needs to carry out the following actions: 1. Draft bylaws and rules for the implementation of property tax 2. Board's Resolution for the implementation of property tax 3. Identify the system of property tax (capital, area‐based unit rate, etc.) 4. Institute house tax assessment system (self‐ assessment or by Municipal Council} 5. Prepare the inventory of house tax assessments 6. Map all the properties on the GIS platform Levy of reasonable user charges by Municipal Council for all services to recover full cost of O&M The levy of user charges on different municipal services, with the objective of securing effective linkages between asset creation and asset maintenance and ultimately leading to the self‐sustaining delivery of urban services. 1. Water Supply: Municipal Council currently levies water tariff. The collection performance is poor about 50.0% of total demand. Hence, Municipal Council needs to revise the tariff to achieve full cost recovery and a collection performance should be above 90%. 2. Sewerage: No charge or tax is levied for Sewerage by the Municipal Council; disposal of Waste water is done through road side open Nallahs, Municipal Council needs to plan organized underground sewerage system. 3. Solid Waste Management: Street light and Sanitation tax is collected through combine tax on Service delivery for solid waste disposal. No separate charge or tax is levied for solid waste management. Municipal Council needs to introduce Door to Door collection with PPP model and scientific disposal as part of this reform need to be implemented. Internal earmarking within Municipal Council budgets for basic services to the urban poor and provision of basic services to the urban poor including security of tenure at affordable prices. To endorses the provision of basic services to the urban poor with the objective of providing security of tenure at affordable prices, improved housing, water supply and sanitation. In addition, delivery of other existing universal services of the government for education, health and social security will be ensured. In this regard, Municipal Council needs to earmark a fixed percentage of funds (In proportion of urban poor); Municipal Council also needs to provide access to basic minimum services to all urban poor citizens. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 50 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
2.
OPTIONAL REFORMS There are seven optional reforms identified that a Municipal Council needs to implement to be eligible under Scheme. Ideally, the Municipal Council should implement at least two reforms each year. The specific items under each reform, which Municipal Council needs to implement, are listed below. The difference between the mandatory and optional reforms exists only in terms of the initiation of the reform. All mandatory reforms need to be started immediately, whereas of the optional reforms, Municipal Council is free to initiate any two reforms every year: 1. Revision of bylaws to streamline the approval process for construction of buildings, development of site, etc. 2. Earmarking of at least 20‐25% of developed land in all housing projects (both public and private agencies) for EWS and LIG category with a system of cross subsidization. 3. Revision of bylaws to make rain‐water harvesting mandatory in all buildings and adoption of water conservation measures 4. Framing of bylaws for reuse of recycled water. 5. Administrative reforms, i.e., reduction in establishment costs by adopting the Voluntary Retirement Scheme (VRS), not filling posts falling vacant due to retirement, etc., and achieving specified milestones in this regard. 6. Structural reforms like de‐centralization of functions at ward level. 7. Encouraging PPP ‐‐With regard to private sector participation, the following activities can be considered: door‐to‐ door collection, maintenance of water supply operations, underground sewerage system, treatment plant operations, and disposal and land fill site operations, citizen facilitation centre. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 51 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
Chapter 2 PHYSICAL FEATURES OF TOWN
2.1
HISTORIC IMPORTANCE AND UNIQUE IDENTITY OF THE
TOWN
2.1.1
About Waraseoni
The town was found about 220 years ago by Shri Vilayat Khan of Newargaon with a view to establish a market in his Zamindari. In the beginning Waraseoni was a hamlet named Wara and thus the name. In the decade 1931‐41, Waraseoni town was made tahsil headquarter. The tahsil was also reformed by adding few towns. It can be seen from data that Balaghat district was urbanized with a growth rate than the state in past decades. The rate of growth in 1961‐71 was +46.74%. The density of tahsil was highest 219p/sq km. till 1971 decade. This was also visible by the fact that Waraseoni was the only town in the district having urban out‐growth till 1971. The respective density of Waraseoni Municipal town, Sikandra and Wara out growths were 2,620; 1180, and 271/per sq.km. The high growth rate suggests the migration from rural to urban for employment. Waraseoni town was added as tahsil headquarter in 1931‐41. The Municipal Council is grade III Municipal Council. The developed area under territorial jurisdiction of the town spans 19.29 SQ.KM and the developed urban area spans 947 hec. 2.1.2 Unique Identity of the town
The town is the center of regional commercial and trade activities, transport and natural mineral wealth. Waraseoni is the most important commercial center of the tehsil. The chief industries are silk production, weaving, dyeing, industries based on agriculture produce like rice mills, poha mills etc., livestock trading and manufacture of glass bangles and brass utensils. 2.2
DISTRICT INFORMATION
District Balaghat looks like a flying bird and is situated in southern part of Jabalpur division. The district occupies the south‐eastern region of the Satpuras and the upper Wainganga valley. It is one of the southern districts or Jabalpur commissioner’s division in Madhya Pradesh state. The district, in terms of population, has 2.35 per cent of the State population, whereas in area ranking it is twenty‐first with 2.00 per cent of the State area. The district is divided into five tahsils, viz., Balaghat, Waraseoni, Lanji, Katangi and Baihar which occupy the central, western and north‐eastern part, respectively. Waraseoni is one of the three important tahsils. The current situation and data from census (2001) brings out the uneven distribution of both area and population in the District. The maximum area is contained in the entirely rural, mostly tribal, tahsil Baihar, which occupies the first rank in respect of area. Balaghat is Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 52 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
the smallest tahsil, while Waraseoni occupies an intermediate rank. Population rankings are, however, not in the same order of area‐rankings of the tahsils. Thus, the smallest waraeoni tahsil (19.29 sq.km.) contains the second maximum population, while the biggest Baihar has the least. The district spans over a degree from 21.19’ to 22.24’ North and 79.31 to 81.3' east. The total area of the district is 9245 Sq. Km. The district spans in a rough quadrangle extending over a length about 170km from south‐west to north‐east. The total area is 9,245 sq.km, which is a little less than the average area of the districts in Madhya Pradesh. District Balaghat is bounded by Rajnandgaon in the East, Seoni in the West, District Mandla in the North and District Bhandara of Maharashtra State in the south. The Wainganga River separates the district from Seoni while the rivers Bawanthadi and Bagh define the inter‐state boundary. By notice no: F/49/2610/2‐49/THIRTY THREE/73 dated 22/10/73, the district was divided into 8 regions. The area of district is 9229 Sq. Km. [924500 Hect.], where the forest area is 4713.37 Sq. Km, BALAGHAT
DISTRICT
almost 51% of the land area is under forest cover. The high percentage of forest cover makes the district environmentally more balance. The one of the unique characteristics of the district is that there is no national highway passing through while the state highway is only 26 in number and 1039 km road is passing through forest. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 53 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
2.2.1
Location (linkages and connectivity)
Waraseoni town is a Tahsil headquarter in Balaghat District. It falls under Balaghat Commissioner Division. The Waraseoni tahsil is demarcated by the Waingang River on the east and by the Bawanthadi on the south. Waraseoni lies on the bank of Chandan River, a tributary of Wainganga. Geographically, Waraseoni town is located at Latitude 20°40" North and Longitude 80°03" East. The altitude of Waraseoni town is 306 m. above mean sea level (MSL).Waraseoni City is connected to other parts of the state and country by road and railway line. State Highways connecting to Gondia, Baihar, Seoni and Nagpur traverses the city from north to south and east to west. The city is also well connected to other regional nodes like Seoni, Chhindwada, Baihar and Mandla by state highways. It lies on National highway no: 26. Waraseoni is connected to other cities and town by road and railway links. It lies on Balaghat ‐ Katangi branch of South Eastern Railway Line, which is undergoing up gradation to broad gauge. An under‐going broad gauge railway line runs west from Balaghat to Katangi and Ramrama Tola via Waraseoni. It is also connected by road with Balaghat and Seoni. It is 435 km from Bhopal, State Capital, 145 km from Chinaware, 80 km from Seoni, 230 km from Jabalpur and 165 km from Nagpur, second capital of Maharashtra. (Refer map: Waraseoni regional linkages) However, in terms of connectivity by air, the city has limited options with nearest airport being Nagpur about 165 Kms. 2.2.2 Physiographic and Landform (topography, drainage, geology, climate
and rainfall)
Name of Latitude longitude district Length Area Average (fm (sq.km) from Sea Level: from Sea Level: SW to NE) Balaghat 21.19` to 79.31 to 22.24` 81.3` East 170 km
North Height Raigarh Plateau 9245 Sq. Km Baihar Plateau .0 700 m. ( range‐ 596.5m 917.4m) Average Height to 600 m. ( range‐
548.6m to 840.4m) The varied elevation of landform creates various natural scenic spots in the district like cascading streams into the Wainganga valley. The Nahara marks a single fall of 45m above the valley. The district is known for its mineral wealth, agriculture produce and forest cover. 2.2.3 The River Valley: Waingangā
The river seems to have derived its name from Ganga and Venu, a king mentioned in the Puranas or more probably the king Ben or Bele. He ruled from Singorgarh fort in Damoh. It is the most important river of the district. It rises from the hill above Partabpur in Seoni. From Padriganj to Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 54 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
Gurera rock, a distance of 32kms, its bed is more or less rocky and uneven. Beyond this it enters the western plain of the district. The river flows past the district towns and crosses the southern boundary at Borinda. The length of the river in the district is 98km. and the average width about 250mts. The bed is generally a wide stretch of sand in the plains but rocks come up at places. The Waingangā, after joining the Wardha and the Penganga is known as the Pranhita which tributes the Godwari. The main tributaries of the river on the right bank are the Hirri, the Sarathi, the Chunnai, the Chandan and the Bawanthadi. All these streams rise in the Seoni plateau, and make their way down through the ghats by deep gorges. The later rivers join the Waingangā after a winding sandy course through the Karola and Katangi plains. The length in the district of the Sarathi nullah is 39km. and that of the Chandan 57km. The Chandan takes an early course in the beginning but turns to the south above Waraseoni. The western and the southern portions of the district lie in the Waingangā valley. The valley starts below the Gurera rocks from where it leaves the common boundary with Seoni and enters the district. It remains a narrow strip of about 15km.in the north. Further south the valley opens out at Balaghat and extends to the east as well as west. The lateral extensions of the valley are the creations not only of the main stream but also of its tributaries. Among them the Bagh combined with the Son joins the left bank and the Wainganga and the bawanthedi join on the right bank. The Waingangā valley is an open or slightly undulating plain. The out‐laying plain below the hills area somewhat cut up by the streams, and strewn with gravels. This is so in upper valley around Mau and the northern margins of Hatta and Dhansua tracts. But the black soil and a number of tanks suitable for irrigation are also seen below the strips bordering the hills, as in Katangi, Hatta, and Kuriapur and Lanji tracts. Further down a thicker bed of Sihar, a light soil is traced in Karola but the lower valley of the Bagh and the son enjoy the open plain with cultivable black soil. The Waingangā valley is the most cultivated, thickly populated and better communicable zone in the district. 2.2.4 Drainage
The sonawani hills occupy a small area to the north‐west of the wainganga valley in the district. They form, part of the Seoni plateau and are separated from the Baihar plateau. The general height of the area is about 500m. The area lies above 250m from the plains of the Waingangā and its right bank tributary, the Chandan. Sonawani is a somewhat wider table land among the hills. The peak of Pandarwani (638m) is the highest peak. The streams of the area flow into the Waingangā in the east and the Chandan in the south east. They have provided suitable sites for the construction of dams at the foot hills, e.g. at Jamunia, Ramrama, Katangjhiri and Sarathi. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 55 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
The water of the district flows into the Godawari system on the one hand and the Narmada System on the other. A large part of the district ‐ the west, north and south is drained into it. The minor tributaries of the Waingangā rush in from both the sides, right and left. The directions of the tributary streams indicate the local slopes from north to south direction. 2.2.5
Climate
The climate of Waraseoni can be divided into three distinct seasons, viz. . Monsoon lasting from mid‐June to September. . Winter from November to February; and . Summer from March to mid‐June. The month of October witnesses the transition from monsoon to winter. The city experiences hot summer and cold winter with temperatures ranging from an average low of around 10 Celsius to an average high of about 40 Celsius. 2.2.6 Rainfall
The rains usually break in the month of June, with the maximum number of rainy days experienced during the months of July and August. The average number of rainy days is 70, during which the town receives an average rainfall of 1310.5mm. 2.2.7
Temperature
Waraseoni has moderate climate. The maximum temperature reaches 40 degree centigrade and minimum is 19.20 degree centigrade. Minimum temperature reaches 3 degree centigrade during winter nights. There is an increase in temperature recorded in Waraseoni from last few years due to industrialization. 2.2.8 Wind direction
For majority of a year the monsoon winds blow from south west direction where as during October to February it blows from North to East. During colder season the direction sometimes reverses totally. The average wind speed in Waraseoni is @ 15 Kms/Hr. whereas towards the eastern border of Waraseoni agglomeration there is a range of Satpuda hills where the average wind speed is @ 35 Kms/Hr. 2.2.9 Ground water table
The Water Resources Department, Madhya Pradesh has analyzed the current situation of ground water in the state of Madhya Pradesh. The ground water table is found declined in the Waraseoni block in the range 0‐3m. the ground water recharge is analyzed in all type of land including command and non‐command area, and it was found that the water table get recharge by rainfall and sub‐surface inflow during monsoon mainly and a small quantity in non‐monsoon seasons by other sources. The development of ground water is found 17% on block level and the status of ground Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 56 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
water table can be termed safe. The description of study data by Water Resources Department is given in table 9.3. It can be inferred that the Ground Water level is decreasing day by day is evident from the figures in the table. It is urgently required to undertake projects involving Rainwater Harvesting and to make Rainwater Harvesting mandatory to all houses in Waraseoni. 2.3
2.3.1
MUNICIPAL AREA AND PLANNING AREA
Municipal area
The territorial jurisdiction of the municipal Council spans 19.29 sq. km. It may be noted that the area under the jurisdiction of the municipal Council is not a function of its population growth or densities, but is dependent on other factors including political, administrative and development/ urbanization of the urban fringe areas. The habitable area is 947.58 hectare within the city limits. 2.3.2
Planning area
The Gram Panchayats abutting Waraseoni municipal area like Wara, Sikandara, etc. have unauthorized colonies being developed on the outskirts of Waraseoni immediately adjoining Municipal Council area. These Panchayats are dependent on Waraseoni city for various needs like employment, trading etc. hence the planning area for CDP2035, is finalized as Waraseoni jurisdiction boundary inclusive of municipal area + jurisdiction boundaries of these towns. The planning area for CDP 2035, was finalized after due discussion with stakeholders and authorized personnel. The planning area for CDP 2035 is taken as 8752 Hect.( 1929hec+ 6823 hec.). 2.4
NAXALITE IN BALAGHAT DISTRICT
In Balaghat district, the tribal villages are of 'Gond' & 'Baiga' tribe. The villages covered by Naxalite are located in dense forest area where the communication and transportation facilities are very poor. The District has a thick forest area and a tough terrain. The Gond and Baiga people of these villages used to go for bamboo cutting and other work to Chandrapur district of Maharashtra and Bastar district of Chhattisgarh & in the process they came in touch with Naxalite who were active there. First time on 5/1/1990 the Naxalite activities came into picture from the border villages of Balaghat. It is said that Naxalite entered into Balaghat district from the village 'Adari' Thana‐Salekasa of Maharashtra state. The area infected by Naxalite menance is border of Balaghat district shared by states of Chhattisgarh and Maharashtra. CRPF has been deployed in naxal‐hit area by government. The Naxal activity is on the decline in Balaghat and nearby area, in fact was never reported in Waraseoni or Balaghat. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 57 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
Chapter 3 DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF THE TOWN
3.1 POPULATION GROWTH TREND
The demography characteristics of a city are a major component in the formulation of CDP, and are analyzed in terms of pattern of population growth and its spatial spread within the city. The various facts and inferences of the demography profile reflect the opportunities and constraints in this sector. The analysis can be extended to examine the age and sex composition of population so as to obtain a better understanding of the size of school‐going population and labor force which contributes to economic status of any city. Table 3.1 Historic Census Population and Projected Population for Waraseoni Town YEAR POPULATION DECADAL GROWTH IN % 1941 6607 ‐‐ 1951 9556 44.63 1961 11308 18.33 1971 14876 31.55 1981 17673 18.8 1991 20757 17.45 2001 24757 19.27 (Source: Census 2001) The population increase in 1941‐51, the higher increase in the population is seen because of formation of Waraseoni as tehsil head i.e increase of jurisdiction limits. In the year 1961‐71 again a higher increase can be seen due to migration to Waraseoni. This phenomenon was also seen as higher population growth in district population during the decade of 1961‐71. But during last three decades i.e. 1981 to 2001, the increase in population is gradual. Table 3.2 Population Growth of Waraseoni City (Source: Census 2001) Decadal Variation Year Population Increase % of Growth 1971 14876 3568 31.55 1981 17673 2797 18.8 1.93% 1991 20757 3084 17.45 1.80% 2001 24757 4000 19.27 1.98% 2009 (estimated) 27931 3174 12.82( till 2009) Creative Circle, Nagpur CAGR Page 58 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
3.2
AGGLOMERATION DEVELOPMENT
The Surrounding Gram Panchayat areas of Wara, Murzad, Madnapur, Sikandra, have unauthorized colonies being developed on the outskirts of Waraseoni immediately adjoining Municipal Council area. The movement of people from these villages/towns to Waraseoni city is a routine affair. About population of 5000 persons form floating population daily for various reasons like employment, trade, commerce, entertainment, etc. As per planning considerations these towns/villages should become a part of the developed Waraseoni. The consent of the governing authorities can be decided after meetings with stake holders. The village/town areas, outside the planning area by development plan include 11 Villages. We propose that these areas should be merged within Waraseoni Municipal Council. The Planning area and population for the CDP planning will contain the following villages as given in table 3.3. Table 3.3 Additional villages to be merged in Waraseoni Sr. Name of Population Population of 2001 as per Census no. village (1991) Projected Projected std growth rate (81‐91) Population population population given in census 1991 (2001) 2009 2010 1 Mehandiwada 3902 4765 3846 4526 4611 2 Murzad 2225 2717 2891 3402 3466 3 Wara 2428 2965 2601 3061 3118 4 Madnapur 1058 1292 1210 1424 1451 5 Khandwa 1514 1849 1828 2151 2192 6 Khapa 1740 2125 2026 2384 2429 7 Sikandara 2834 3461 2149 2529 2576 8 Koste 2653 3240 3049 3588 3655 10 Sarandi 1244 1519 1530 1801 1834 11 Kayadi 3656 4464 4027 4739 4828 TOTAL 24865 30364 26912 31670 32264 Source: Census of India – 2001 3.3
POPULATION PROJECTION
The revenue area of Waraseoni town is presently covers an area of 947 Ha, divided into 15 wards. The agglomeration of city is considered within the extended limits of the city. The new population inclusive of main town plus the agglomeration is taken for the preparation of CDP. Population projections are carried out for the planning year 2035. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 59 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
3.3.1 Selection of Method of Population Projections
Population projections are carried out by various methods to identify the most appropriate method for projecting the future population. The various methods considered are Arithmetic Increase Method, Geometric Increase Method and Incremental Increase Method. The population has been forecasted using census data from 1901 to 2001. Table3.4 Population Projection by various methods verses Actual Population S.N METHODS 2001 PROJECTED 2001 CENSUS 1 Arithmetic Progression Method 23587 24757 2 Geometrical Progression Method 25801 24757 3 Incremental Increase Method 23621 24757 4 Avg. of 1, 2 & 3 24336 24757 (Source: Calculation and Census 2001) The above table shows that geometric increase method gives marginally higher values; Arithmetic Progression Method & Incremental Increase Method also gives lower values. Average of Arithmetic Progression Method, Geometrical Progression Method and Incremental Increase Method is adopted. The population projection results obtained by using various conventional methods are given in the Table 3.4 Chart 3.1 30000
25000
20000
15000
10000
6607
5000
11308
9556
14876
17673
20757
24757
0
1941
1951
1961
1971
1981
1991
2001
3.3.2 Calculation of Projected Population for Year 2035 by Different Methods
A. ARITHMETICAL PROGRESSION METHOD Increase in population from 1941 to 2001 i.e. in 6 decades 24757 (‐) 6607 ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ 18150 ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 60 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
Or increase per decade = 1/6 X 18150 = 3025 Population in 2035 = Population in 2001 + Increase for 3.4 decades = 24757 + 3.4 x 3025 = 35042 Population in 2035 B. GEOMETRICAL PROGRESSION METHOD Rate of growth (r) per decade between different decades is given in above table Geometric mean = 6 √0.45 x 0.18 x 0.32 x 0.19 x 0.17 x 0.19 = 0.2338 Assuming that the future growth follows the geometric mean for the period 1941 ‐ 2001 = 0.2338 Population in 2035 = Population in 2001 X ( 1 + rg )3.4 = 24757 X (1 + 0.2338)3.4 = 25801 rg Population in 2035 C. INCREMENTAL INCREASE METHOD In this method a progressively decreasing or increasing rather than a constant rate is adopted. This is a modification over the Arithmetical Progression Method. TABLE 3.5 S.N. YEAR
POPULATION
INCREMENT (X)
INCREMENTAL INCREASE (Y) 1 1941
6607 2 1951
9556 2949
3 1961
11308 1752
‐1197
4 1971
14876 3568
1816
5 1981
17673 2797
‐771
6 1991
20757 3084
287
7 2001
24757 4000
916
TOTAL 18150
1051
Average X Average Y Creative Circle, Nagpur = 1/6 x 18150 = 3025 = 1/5 x 1051 = 210 Pn = P1 + nX + {[n(n+1)xY] / 2} Where Pn ‐ Population for the year ‘n’ P1 ‐ Population of base year i.e. 2001 n ‐ Number of decades from base year Page 61 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
X ‐ Average of increment Y ‐ Average of Incremental increment P2035 = P2001 + 3.4 x 3025 + {[3.4x(3.4+1)x210]/2} 24757 + (3.4 x 3025) + {[3.4x(3.4+1)x210]/2} P2035 = P2035 = 106092 Population in 2035 = 36613 3.3.3 Population Projection by Various Methods for Year 2035
The projected population figures by using various methods for year 2035 are presented in the Table 3.6. The past experience for Indian cities shows that population projected by using simple graphical method compared well with actual census figures in case of most of the Indian cities. The population projection derived via different methods comes to: Arithmetic Table 3.6 : POPULATION PROJECTION FORECAST WARASEONI (CITY) METHODS 1991 Arithmetic Progression 2001 2009 2010 2015 2025 2035 20757 24757 27177 27480 28992 32017 35042 Geometric Progression 29288 29910 33222 40989 50572 Incremental increase 27328 27659 29345 32874 36613 MEAN OF 1, 2 & 3 27931 28350 30520 35293 40742 (Source: Census of India and by calculations) The above table shows that geometric increase method gives marginally higher values; Arithmetic Progression Method & Incremental Increase Method gives lower values. Average of Arithmetic Progression Method, Geometrical Progression Method and Incremental Increase Method almost matches with trend of population projection, so the same is adopted as given in the Table 3.7 for planning and designing purposes the population projected in the year 2035 is taken as 87883 refer TABLE 3.7. TABLE 3.7: GROWTH OF URBAN POPULATION AND PROJECTION WARASEONI + AGGLOMERATION INCLUDING ADJACENT VILLAGES Average Population with various Population as per CAGR @ 2.23 Year methods 2001 24757 2009 59601 29174
2010 60614 60930
2015 65763 67372
2025 76485 80428
2035 87883 93541
Creative Circle, Nagpur % Page 62 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
3.4
POPULATION DENSITY
The current population density (as per census 2001: 24757 souls) in MCW area in 349 hec of residential area is 70.94 persons per Ha density and gross density is 12.8 persons/ hec. Though at the town level, the gross density is quite low, the core, inner areas of the town and some of the older area's are very densely populated than the fringe areas of the town which has a density around 28 persons/ Ha. The expanding boundary of municipal limit also affects the density in the early years of planning period. But if we check the density growth when the municipal limit was same, it reflects a steady rise. (Refer table 3.8) Table 3.8 POPULATION DENSITY WARASEONI CITY Year Population M.C. Area
Density
Increase in density Ha
P/Ha
%
1971 14876 610
24.4
1981 17673 610
29.0
18.80% 1991 20757 610
34.0
17.45% 2001 24757 1929
12.8
19.27% 2011 61634 8752
7.0
Source : Census of India ‐ 2001 Table 3.9 Ward wise Population Density in MCW Ward No. 1 2 3 Ward Name Shastri Ward Bhagatsingh Ward Wallabh Bhai Ward Population (2001) 1817 1913 1460 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Tatya Tope Ward Viveknand Ward Rani Durgavati Ward Gurunanak Ward Ram Mandir Ward Ambedkar Ward Gandhi Ward Subhash Ward Jadamba Ward Rajendra Ward Azad Ward Nehru Ward Total 2280 1908 1413 1835 1473 1478 1342 1525 1522 1399 1886 1506 24757 Area (ha.) Density 272.27 24.2 7 79 18.26 40.54 27.06 123.75 39.49 171.72 11.5 26.95 17.53 13.95 39.06 89.37 31.95 947.6 80 56 71 11 46 9 129 50 87 109 36 21 47 26 Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 63 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
3.5
OTHER DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS
3.5.1 Schedule caste and Tribal Populations (SC & ST)
The population of Schedule caste and schedule tribal is 11.1% and 7.0%, in the district percentage of 8.4% and 14.2% and state percentage of 15.2% and 20.3%. The percentage of SC population is higher than district and lower than state population, while ST population is lower than district and state. The percentage of SC, ST population during last decades is given in table 3.10. The decadal increase in population of SC and ST is by 1.71% and 1.57% respectively which almost equal to overall growth. Table 3.10 PERCENTAGE OF SC/ST POPULATION YEAR Type TOTAL S.C. Population (%) S.T. Population (%) POPULATION 1991 Waraseoni 20757 1949(9.39) 1127(5.43) 2001 Waraseoni 24757 2754 (11.1%) 1745 (7.0%) 2001 Waraseoni tehsil 443845 41723(9.4%) 48014(10.8%) (Source: Census 1991, 2001) The ward wise distribution of SC/ST population is given in table 3.11 ward 1 & 9 shows high percentage of SC population & ward 4 shows high ST percentage. These are the wards that have high BPL percentage population. Table 3.11 Ward wise SC / ST population S.N. Ward No. Population SC % ST % 1 Ward No.1 1817 468 25.8 67 3.7 2 Ward No.2 1913 274 14.3 109 5.7 3 Ward No.3 1460 180 12.3 64 4.4 4 Ward No.4 2280 305 13.4 494 21.7 5 Ward No.5 1908 98 7.3 80 5.9 6 Ward No.6 1413 147 10.4 183 13.0 7 Ward No.7 1835 76 6.0 178 14.0 8 Ward No.8 1473 172 11.7 85 5.8 9 Ward No.9 1478 451 30.5 38 2.6 10 Ward No.10 1342 157 11.7 26 1.9 11 Ward No.11 1525 18 1.2 123 8.1 12 Ward No.12 1522 57 3.7 11 0.7 13 Ward No.13 1399 71 5.1 12 0.9 14 Ward No.14 1886 2 0.2 6 0.5 Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 64 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
15 Ward No.15 1506 55 Total 24757 2,754 3.7 140 9.3 1,745 The SC and ST population in the agglomeration is given in table 3.12. The villages in agglomeration have about 10‐14% as SC population except in Murjhad where the percentage is higher (32.4%). Similarly ST population is between 11‐18%, except in Mehandiwada and Wara where the ST percentage is 34.3% and 24.8% respectively. Table 3.12 Population of SC and ST in Agglomeration Name of village Khapa Khandwa Mehandiwada Sarandi Murjhad Wara Madanpur Tumadi Kaydi Koste Sikandra 3.6
total Population 2,026 1,828 3,846 1,530 2,891 2,601 1,210 1,755 4,027 3,049 2,149 SC Population Population
255
184
253
103
937
329
149
250
244
386
276
% 12.6 10.1 6.6 6.7 32.4 12.6 12.3 14.2 6.1 12.7 12.8 ST Population Population
372
11
1,318
177
153
644
8
142
774
212
160
% 18.4 0.6 34.3 11.6 5.3 24.8 0.7 8.1 19.2 7.0 7.4
ISSUES
The high sex ratio (number of females per thousand males) suggests out‐migration for work and employment reasons. It also reflects the reason of low standard of living. The rate of out‐migration suggests urgent need of measures to stop it or reduce it to desired level for the growth of city. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 65 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
Chapter 4: SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE OF THE TOWN
4.1
SEX RATIO
The current sex ratio (female population per 1000 male population) in Waraseoni is 976, which is higher than the state urban average of 899 and national urban average 901. The positive factor is that, while the state and national average sex ratio has been declining, the sex ratio in MCW has increased steadily from 944 in 1981 to 961 in 1991 and to 976 in 2001. The high sex ratio suggests the out‐migration of male population in search of employment. It also suggests that the Population in Waraseoni do not differentiate between male and female children. Sex ratio of Balaghat District is above 1000 (1022) which is much better than the M.C. sex ratio of 976. This may be attributed to the Tribal Population in Balaghat District who does not consider Female population as second to male. In fact in some tribes Dowry used to be taken by Female household for giving a girl to marry. The Gond and other tribes living in these areas have been living on the forests for generations. These tribes are in fact forest friendly tribes who do not cut trees or kill animals for their own livelihood. Their traditional business was always farming, tendu patta collection, shepherding domesticated animals, collecting fallen firewood, Ayurvedic medicine etc. The advent of Naxals in the Area is also a myth. The Naxal activity is at least 100 Kms from the city. The Waraseoni town has a metropolitan culture. It has all types of population including Hindu, Muslim, Buddhist and Christians. The population celebrates mostly all the festivals. The major festivals are during Dasra and Diwali, which is typical of Agriculture based town. The sex ration of Waraseoni tehsil is 1027 females per 1000 males that are higher than Waraseoni town. Table4.1 Decadal Sex Ratio Year female population /1000 male
1971 936
1981 944
1991 961
2001 1027
Source : Census of India ‐ 1991,2001
The distribution of male/ female population in different wards of Waraseoni is given in table 4.2. Highest population of female can be seen in ward no: 4. While ward no: 14 has the least. The sex ration in SC/ST of agglomeration is given in table 4.3. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 66 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
Table 4.2 Ward Wise Population (Male and Female) of Waraseoni City (2001 census) NAME Total Population Male Population Female Population Ward No.1 Ward No.2 Ward No.3 Ward No.4 Ward No.5 Ward No.6 Ward No.7 Ward No.8 Ward No.9 Ward No.10 Ward No.11 Ward No.12 Ward No.13 Ward No.14 Ward No.15 TOTAL 1817 1913 1460 2280 1908 1413 1835 1473 1478 1342 1525 1522 1399 1886 1506 24757 935 988 728 1144 683 708 632 740 719 663 792 773 697 635 781 12527 882 925 732 1136 664 705 642 733 759 679 733 749 702 582 725 12230 The town has observed growth but due to lack in employment out‐ migration is seen in the city. The fact can be seen by the increasing sex ratio in the last decades. The high ration of female per 1000 male suggests the migration of male population to other area for employment. Table 4.3 Decadal Sex Ratio Year female population /1000 male 1971 936 1981 944 1991 961 2001 1027 Source : Census of India ‐ 1991,2001 The majority of agglomeration villages also facing problem of out‐migration, as the sex ratio is higher. Table 4.4 gives the details. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 67 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
Table 4.4 population detailsand sex ratio in agglomeration villages Area Population Persons
Khapa 2,026
Khandwa 1,828
Mehandiwada 3,846
Sarandi 1,530
Murjhad 2,891
Wara 2,601
Madanpur 1,210
Tumadi 1,755
Kaydi 4,027
Koste 3,049
Sikandra 2,149
Males
1,006
924
1,922
754
1,485
1,340
599
864
1,981
1,496
1,064
Sex ratio Females 1,020
904
1,924
776
1,406
1,261
611
891
2,046
1,553
1,085
1014 978 1001 1029 947 941 1020 1031 1033 1038 1020 The ward wise distribution of SC/ST population is given in table 2.11 Ward 1 and 9 shows high percentage of SC population and ward 4 shows high ST percentage. These are the wards that have high percentage of BPL population. The table 4.5 shows sex ratio in SC/ST higher in Waraseoni, while table 4.6 giving details of agglomeration shows mixed status. Table 4.5 Percentage Distribution of Sex Population of SC/ST Population Year 2001 Type SC Population
ST Population
Total (%) Male (%)
Female (%)
Total (%)
Male (%) Female (%)
Waraseoni
11.1 48.80
51.2
7.0
49.35 50.65 Table 4.6 : Sex Ratio among Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Area Population Sex ratio SC ST SC ST Khapa 255
372
1056
1102 Khandwa 184
11
1000
833 Mehandiwada 253
1,318
977
1003 Sarandi 103
177
1020
967 Murjhad 937
153
968
866 Wara 329
644
947
1006 Madanpur 149
8
1069
1000 Tumadi 250
142
1049
945 Kaydi 244
774
1017
1026 Koste 386
212
901
1120 Sikandra 276
160
1060
1000 (Source : Census of India 2001) Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 68 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
4.2
LITERACY RATE
The current literacy rate (percentage of literate population to the total population above 6 years of age) in MCW is 85.1 per cent (male literacy rate of 92.6 per cent and female literacy rate of 77.5 per cent) ‐ higher than the state urban average of 79.67 per cent and national urban average of 80.30 per cent. Table 4.7 shows the comparison of literacy rate in the urban area of the town, district and state. Table 4.7 LITERACY RATE 1991 ‐ 2001 Waraseoni town Waraseoni tahsil Balaghat Dist. Madhya Pradesh 1991 78.42 54.84 53.23 44.67 2001 85.1 71.2 68.7 64.11 Source : Census of India ‐ 1991,2001 This high literacy rate could be attributed to the fact that a significant proportion of the town's population belongs to the salaried class and also the fact that the town is home to several schools. The literacy rate in MCW has been on the raise, having increased remarkably from 76 per cent in 1971 to 78.42 per cent in 1991 and to 85.1 per cent in 2001. In the Balaghat district Waraseoni is seen to have highest literacy rate among males. In Waraseoni, 12% of the population is under 6 years of age. Table 4.8 SEX WISE PERCENTAGE OF LITERACY RATE (excluding 0‐6 age group) YEAR Type Total Population (%) Male (%) Female (%) Decadal Growth in % 1991 Waraseoni 78.42 88.85 67.66 9.78% increase in female 2001 Waraseoni 85.1 92.6 77.5 literacy 1991 Waraseoni tehsil 54.84 69.51 40.57 2001 Waraseoni tehsil 71.2 82.9 60.0 (Source: Census 1991, 2001) The literacy rate increased in a decade from 1991 to 2001 is seen for male and female population by about 4.22% and 9.78% respectively. The increase literacy percentage in female population is very potential for the future growth of the city. The inclination of female education towards learning English language and IT, computer can be seen as future growth of the city. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 69 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
Table 4.9 : Distribution of polulation among literates and illiterates Total No literate No literate No literate Persons( Males Females
Population Persons
Males
Females %) (%) (%) Khapa 2,026 1,198
700
498
83.2 58.0 Khandwa 1,828 926
562
364
61.1 74.4 47.8 Mehandiwada 3,846 2,348
1,390
958
70.5 82.4 58.3 Sarandi 1,530 998
543
455
77.7 85.9 69.8 Murjhad 2,891 2,018
1,183
835
80.6 91.8 68.7 Wara 2,601 1,475
885
590
66.0 77.4 54.0 Madanpur 1,210 762
445
317
75.4 89.2 62.0 Tumadi 1,755 1,117
650
467
73.4 85.9 61.0 Kaydi 4,027 2,418
1,389
1,029
70.4 82.3 58.8 Koste 3,049 1,961
1,084
877
76.2 86.4 66.5 Sikandra 2,149 1,324
776
548
72.0 85.7 58.8 The sex wise literacy rate of SC and ST is increasing from the last decade. That shows a positive factor in the growth. The literacy rate among SC and ST is quite promising as given in table 4.10. Table 4.10 SEX WISE PERCENTAGE OF LITERACY RATE WARASEONI CITY (Excluding 0‐6 age group) Year 1991 4.3
Type SC Population ST Population Total (%) Male (%) Female (%) Total (%) Male (%) Female (%) Waraseoni 76.11 90.02
62.75
57.60
72.22 44.01
AVERAGE HOUSEHOLD SIZE
The total number of households in MCW as per the 2001 census is 4940 whereas the population was 24757. The average household size in Waraseoni works out to 5.0, which is normal. The household size in slums increases to 9.45 which is alarmingly high and speaks volumes about the living conditions in slums. Also there about 1379 households in the slums which are mostly Kaccha houses & housing backlog as estimated with the actual semi permanent/ dilapidated houses works out to 2316 housing units. Although many houses are serviceable and can be made good for living with repair works, the houses in Slums need to be re‐built. The household size in Waraseoni agglomeration villages is between 4.3 to 5.3, which is moderate. Table 4.11 : Number of households, population and household size Village name Population No of HH Size of HH Khapa 2,026
454
4.5 Khandwa 1,828
427
4.3 Mehandiwada 3,846
851
4.5 Sarandi 1,530
321
4.8 Murjhad 2,891
548
5.3 Wara 2,601
580
4.5 Madanpur 1,210
263
4.6 Tumadi 1,755
372
4.7 Kaydi 4,027
894
4.5 Koste 3,049
625
4.9 Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 70 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
4.4
Sikandra 2,149
461
4.7 WORKFORCE PARTICIPATION -Primary, Secondary Tertiary
Income Levels
Workforce participation in Waraseoni is as under. The Work participation in 1991 is 32.57% which has increased slightly in 2001 which is 32.65%. The tertiary activity is the highest that gives employment in Waraseoni. Waraseoni as stated earlier is a major trade city for Poha, Rice, and Murmura being produced in surrounding area. So people working under this category i.e. “other industry” is highest refer table 3.6. The other workers row constitute of population employed in Government, Household and other works such as transport, construction, trade and Commerce etc. The business type employment is based on agriculture produce like trading of grains, rice and its produce like poha etc. Table 4.12 WORK FORCE PARTICIPATION OF WARASEONI Distribution of main workers 2001 Percentage
Cultivators 324 1.31 Agricultural laborers 637 2.57 6544 26.43 578 2.33 Live stock, forestry, fishing Mining and quarrying Other industries Other workers Household industries Source : Census of India 2001 As the city is tahsil head, it is a center for trade and commerce especially for agriculture, forest and mineral produce. The wholesale markets at Waraseoni serve as a market place for town needs and regional market. The working Population in core Waraseoni M. C. area is declining in agriculture, as the agricultural activity within Municipal Council area is on the decline. In fact many of the Agricultural fields are being converted into Housing layouts and hence this change. The Agriculture activity in surrounding villages is on a rise and the data is furnished in separate table 4.12 of workforce in surrounding towns. About population of 5000 persons form floating population daily. The shift of employment pattern can be seen from the data in the core city to agglomeration. The higher percentage of agglomeration population is engaged in agriculture while the core urban population is engaged more in trading and services. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 71 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
4.4.1 Participation for economy by sex versus total population
State Highways connecting to Gondia, Baihar, Seoni and Nagpur traverses the city from north to south and east to west. The percentage of sexes as working population shows growing and reducing data in the last two decades. The increase in percentage of sex ratio as working population also shows the growth of the city. The percentage of working population and sex ration participation is given in table 4.13. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 72 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
Table 4.13: Percentage of main workers, marginal workers and non‐workers (Waraseoni core town) (Source: census 1991, 2001) Year Total Working population Main workers persons Male female persons Male 1991 32.57 47.53 17.01 31.26 2001 32.64 47.9 27.9 17.0 Marginal workers Non‐workers female persons Male female persons Male female 47.0 14.87 1.31 0.53 2.14 67.43 52.47 82.99 43.5 11.9 4.8 4.4 5.1 67.4 52.1 83.0 Table 4.14 Distribution of Working Population (Waraseoni core town) (Source: census 1991 &2001) Year Type 1991 popul
ation 1991 % age 2001 popul
ation 2001 % age Total Working population cultivator Agriculture labor Household industry Other workers persons Male female persons Male female persons Male female persons Male female persons Male female 6488 4975 1513 429 302 127 475 253 222 595 283 312 4989 4139 852 100 100 100 6.61 6.07 8.39 7.32 5.08 14.67 9.17 5.69 20.63 76.9 83.16 56.31 8083 6002 2081 324 216 108 637 312 325 578 264 314 6544 5210 1334 100 100 100 4.0 3.6 5.2 7.9 5.2 15.6 7.2 4.4 15.1 81.0 86.8 64.1 Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 73 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
Table 4.15 Number & percentage of main workers, marginal workers and non‐workers (Waraseoni Agglomeration) ‐ 2001 S.N. Name of Village
Total Working population (%)
Main workers (%)
persons
persons
Male female
persons Male female
persons
Male female Male female
Marginal workers (%)
Non‐workers
1 Mehandiwada 1872(48.67) 1080(57.69) 792(42.31)
1192(30.99)
827(44.18)
365(19.50)
680(17.68)
253(13.51)
427(22.81)
1974(51.33)
842(21.89)
1132(29.43) 2 Murzad 1268(43.86) 689(54.34) 579(45.66)
671(23.21)
483(38.09)
188(14.83)
597(20.65)
206(16.25)
391(30.84)
1623(56.14)
796(27.53)
827(28.61) 3 Wara 1318(50.67) 708(53.72) 610(46.28)
634(24.38)
407(30.88)
227(17.22)
684(26.30)
301(22.84)
383(29.06)
1283(49.33)
632(24.30)
651(25.03) 4 Madnapur 589(48.68) 317(53.82) 272(46.18)
377(31.16)
287(48.73)
90(15.28)
212(17.52)
30(5.09)
182(30.90)
621(51.32)
282(23.31)
339(28.02) 5 Khandwa 969(53.01) 502(51.81) 467(48.19)
422(23.09)
317(32.71)
105(10.84)
547(29.92)
185(19.09)
362(37.36)
859(46.99)
422(23.09)
437(23.91) 6 Khapa 1088(53.70) 576(52.94) 512(47.06)
666(32.87)
432(39.71)
234(21.51)
422(20.83)
144(13.24)
278(25.55)
938(46.30)
430(21.22)
508(25.07) 7 Sikandara 1139(53.00) 599(52.59) 540(47.41)
876(40.76)
531(46.62)
345(30.29)
263(12.24)
68(5.97)
195(17.12)
1010(47.00)
465(21.64)
545(25.36) 8 Koste 1745(57.23) 881(50.49) 864(49.51)
857(28.11)
763(43.72)
94(5.39)
888(29.12)
118(6.76)
770(44.13)
1304(42.77)
615(20.17)
689(22.60) 9 Tumadi 1009(57.49) 509(50.45) 500(49.55)
508(28.95)
470(46.58)
38(3.77)
501(28.55)
39(3.87)
462(45.79)
746(42.51)
355(20.23)
391(22.28) 10 Sarandi 877(57.32) 438(49.94)
682(44.58)
408(46.52)
274(31.24)
195(12.75)
31(3.53)
164(18.70)
653(42.68)
315(20.59)
338(22.09) 11 Kayadi 2031(50.43) 1053(51.85) 978(48.15)
826(20.51)
646(31.81)
180(8.86)
1205(29.92)
407(20.04)
798(39.29)
1996(49.57)
928(23.04)
1068(26.52) 439(50.06) Table 4.16 a: Distribution of total worker by category in percentage Area Total workers Cultivators (%) Males Females Persons Males Females Khapa 1,088 576 512 29.1 33.0 Khandwa 969 502 467 21.3 24.9 Mehandiwada 1,872 1,080 792 14.6 13.1 Sarandi 877 439 438 55.6 51.7 Murjhad 1,268 689 579 24.1 25.0 Wara 1,318 708 610 11.1 16.5 Madanpur 589 317 272 34.3 29.7 Tumadi 1,009 509 500 54.7 53.4 Kaydi 2,031 1,053 978 22.2 20.4 Koste 1,745 881 864 40.9 42.1 Sikandra 1,139 599 540 38.5 37.4 Creative Circle, Nagpur Agriculture labourers (%) Persons 24.8 17.3 16.8 59.6 23.0 4.8 39.7 56.0 24.1 39.6 39.6 Males 39.4 51.8 28.5 30.1 33.2 44.2 46.5 38.2 54.3 32.8 38.4 Workers in House hold Industries (%) Females Persons 24.7 56.1 30.3 74.9 17.2 43.8 24.6 35.6 22.5 45.9 29.0 62.0 45.4 47.8 35.4 41.0 44.8 64.5 19.4 46.5 29.7 48.0 Males 6.1 5.6 21.5 2.9 13.0 8.1 1.9 1.8 1.3 10.4 1.8 Females 5.4 8.4 17.8 2.5 5.4 7.8 2.5 1.4 2.0 8.9 2.5 Other workers (%) Persons Males 6.8 25.4 2.6 21.4 26.6 35.4 3.2 11.4 22.1 29.7 8.5 36.6 1.1 17.3 2.2 5.4 0.6 22.2 12.0 15.9 0.9 21.4 Females 37.0 36.5 51.9 21.2 47.2 46.8 22.4 9.8 32.8 29.6 30.4 Page 74 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
4.4.1.1 Formal Sector
The percentage of population as per sectors of economic base is given in table 3.8A and 3.8B The distribution of main workers that forms 27.9% of the total population in 2001 has decreased from 1991. The population under cultivators, agriculture labor and household industry is very less comparative to other workers in the core town of Waraseoni. 4.4.1.2 Primary Sector: Urban Agriculture: Agriculture is the main occupation of Waraseoni. It is one of the major Wholesale markets for Central India for Agriculture (rice) produce. Forest produce: Waraseoni is rich in various forest produce and silk produce. Mining: In terms of Ores/ Minerals, Manganese, is found in small quantity while Stone are found in reasonable quantities. Granite, Limonite, Marble are also found in Waraseoni region. 4.4.1.3 Secondary: Industry, Trade and Commerce Waraseoni works as an economic centre for surrounding area having connection with major cities in Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh and Maharashtra, due to which economic development of Waraseoni is progressing. It is also a centre for marketing forest products such as silk, honey, mahua and other products. The household industries in the city serve as the production stock units for various products. Waraseoni has rice as its main produce, edible oil, rice, poha, Murmura, sugar are sold to neighboring states as well. It also serves as a market center for agricultural produce such as rice, pulses, oilseeds, maize, etc., which are cultivated in the rural hinterland. Waraseoni also functions as a distributing center for agriculture implements, fertilizers, livestock, fishing, drugs and medicines, iron and steel, cement and minerals, petroleum products and forest produce such as timber, etc. for surrounding area and readymade garments and textiles. At the same time Saw mills, Rice mills and khandsari are dependent on surrounding areas for raw material. In a way, Waraseoni caters to surrounding as small scale industrial area. Traditionally in the district, brass‐work and weaving was done in Waraseoni only. Utensils were made from brass and copper. The handloom clothes like sari, khadi, dhoti and silk bordered work was done in Waraseoni. 4.4.1.4
Tertiary Waraseoni is tahsil place, and being tahsil centre a majority of population is working in Government and Semi‐ government organizations. There is a large portion of people who are employed in providing service to others, apart from those employed in commercial and industrial sectors. Area under Industrial use in Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 75 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
Waraseoni is around 8.73hec, which is 0.92% of the total developed area under municipal council. The percentage work participation in tertiary sector is almost steady during last two decades. Table 4.17 Percentage Growth in Tertiary Sector (Waraseoni core town) Percentage of total workers 1991 Percentage 2001 Percentage Marginal workers 273 1.32 1184 4.78 Main workers 6488 31.26 6899 27.87 Total workers 6761 32.57 8083 32.65 Total Non workers 13996 67.43 16674 67.35 Total population 20757 100.00 24757 100.00 Work participation rate 32.57 32.64 Source : Census of India ‐ 1991,2001 4.5
TRADE AND COMMERCE
4.5.1 Sector wise Economic Scenario
Waraseoni has rice as its main produce, edible oil, rice, sugar are sold to neighboring states as well. Besides rice Waraseoni has the largest livestock market in the region. It also serves as a market center for agricultural produce such as rice, rice products like poha, pulses, oilseeds, maize, etc., which are cultivated in the rural hinterland. Waraseoni also functions as a distributing center for agriculture implements, fertilizers, fishing, drugs and medicines, iron and steel, cement and minerals, petroleum products and forest produce such as and timber, etc. for surrounding area and readymade garments, handloom and textiles. At the same time Saw mills, Rice mills and khandsari are dependent on surrounding areas for raw material. In a way, Waraseoni caters to surrounding as trading zone. Traditionally in the district, brass‐work and weaving was done in Balaghat district only. Utensils were made from brass and copper. The handloom clothes like silk weaving, sari, khadi, dhoti and silk bordered work was done here at large scale as this is the only place where silk is produced. The secoter is declining as by the forest degradation the silk farming is also declining. But this economic sector with a boost can be revived. As per the economic condition, the economic status of Waraseoni can not be called very attractive. It is facing a slow economic growth. Though potentials exist in Waraseoni town and its surrounding but these were not explored yet. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 76 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
4.5.2 Location of Trade & Commerce Activity in the City
The commercial activities are situated on major roads of the city – near bus stand, main market area. Wholesale and retail markets are present to cater the city dwellers as well as buyer visit the city for purchase. The trading of grains is done on a very high scale catering to the distant places as well. The town is an important commercial node. For sale and purchase of livestock, people come from various cities and town to Waraseoni. The bail bazaar is one of very important commercial feature of the city. Weekly markets are also held. Table 4.18 Waraseoni M.C. Commercial/ Industrial Activity Location Existing S.N. Description Location & Surrounding Land Use 1 Rice Mills On Katangi Road ‐ Agriculture 2 Rice Mills On Lalbarra Road ‐ Residential 3 Agricultural Produce Mandi On Katangi Road ‐ Residential In Village Wara, Balaghat Rd ‐ 4 Stone traders Agriculture 5 Commercial Area From Bus Stand to Jai Stamb Chowk From Jai Stamb Chowk to Jain Mandir From Jai Stamb Sq. to Rest House Katangi rd 6 Vegetable Market Near Municipal Council 7 Meat Market near Bail Bazar Katangi Road 8 Bail Bazar Behind rest house, Katangi Road 9 Silk Workers Very few remain in residential area 4.5.3 Agriculture Produce Mandi
As the city is tahsil head, it is a center for trade and commerce especially for agriculture, forest, fisheries and mineral produce. The wholesale markets at Waraseoni serve as a market place for town needs and regional market. The Mandi at Waraseoni is “C” class. Waraseoni city has the largest rice (paddy) mandi in the Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 77 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
region. The area of Mandi is 5 acres which is very small with the increase of receipts. Mandi needs at least 20 acre of area. The turnover of last three years is given table 4.19. The figures of transaction of Rice Mandi show its large market. Table 4.19: Turnover of last three years Year Amount (Rs. In Lacs) 2006‐07 117.19 2007‐08 126.34 2008‐09 149.56 Table 4.20: Office of the Mandi has following staff S.N. Post No. of Staff 1 Secretary 01 2 Mandi Inspector 03 3 Clerk 03 4 Mandi Dy. Inspector 12 Total 19 Beside above staff, there are 224 labors working in Mandi. Mandi has a good receipts round the year. Approximately 35 vehicles (truck, tractors, and Bullock carts) come to Mandi daily. Table 4.21 income of APMC Balaghat ( in meteric ton)
MONTH 2007‐08 2008‐09 %centage 2009‐10 %centage 2010‐11 %centage April 5638 4704.2 ( ‐16.56 %) 4903.7 4.24 % 7357.3 50.04 % May 4789 6209.7 29.67 % 6035.5 ( ‐2.81 %) 6670.4 10.52 % June 4910 6021.7 22.64 % 6384.5 21.01 % July 4986 4349.8 ( ‐12.76 %)
5220.8 20.02 % 5538.7 6.09 % August 5038 3688.9 ( ‐26.78 %)
5723.1 55.14 % 5799.6 1.34 % September 4869 5500.1 12.96 % 3613.1 ( ‐34.31 %) 5213.6 44.3% 5590 5792 3.61% 4927.5 ( ‐14.93 %) October November 8579 6628.7 ( ‐22.73 %)
5276 ( ‐12.38 %) 7260.3
9.53 %
Data not available Data not ‐ ‐
available December 10786 Creative Circle, Nagpur 9359 ( ‐13.23 %) 8236.1 ( ‐12.00 %) Data not ‐
Page 78 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
available January 8497.3 ( ‐18.53 %)
10430 Febuary Data not 8401 Data not 8648 1.77 % 7507.9 100 % ( ‐100.0 %)
available Total available Data not March 5104.5 ( ‐28.17 %) 8817.7 72.74 % 81122 65855.9 ( ‐13.19 %) 76169.7 15.66 % ‐
available Data not 7106 ‐
‐
available 36964.1 ( ‐51.47%) The main crop, vegetable and hotriculture of balaghat APMC is given table 3.20. The figures of produce shows a changing scenario in terms of type of produce and its production in the region. Sale figures of forest produce shows an decresing trend, While produce of cash crops like jwar, baja, pulses, cotton and til show less produce or no produce, the reason being these produce do not come to Mandi for sale and are sold directly to the mills located in Waraseoni and Balaghat tehsil. The reason of declining quantity of the produce is lacking irrigation(only 38% is irrigated land) as major agriculture is dependent of rain. Even the land under irrigation receives water enough for single crop only. The percentage of double crop is very low in waraseoni tahsil. To increse the produce the dependency on rains should be avoided and more scientific methods should be adopted. 4.5.3.1
Agriculture and forest produce
The data of land under agriculture in the agglomeration is given in table 4.22. Agriculture land distributed under irrigated and unirrigated shows the status of agriculture produce. Rice is the main crop of the region. The trading and industries located in the town and its agglomeration are based on agriculture produce. The varieties of forest produce are Kahu, Haldu, Mundi, Jamun, Khamer and Kala siris. The Kusum yields the best kind of Lac called Kusumi lac. Bahera and Harra myrobalans also occur, which has a large export potential. Kullu for gum used in medicine, dhaora for fuel and edible gum are used. Many types of herbal plants also found in the region. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 79 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
Table 4.22: the Import of Waraseoni APMC ( in meteric ton)
Year Paddy Jwar Bajra Corn Peas Fruit/ Moong/ Soya‐ Ground and Forest vege/ Tuar udhad bean nut Til Cotton Wheat Chana Masoor others Tiwda Alsi Sarso Produce Spices Total 0
0 0 20.9 0 0 3385.5 15 0 0 0 0 2.4 354 1.5 86125 0
0 0 17.1 0 0 516.5 13.6 0 26.2 0 7.2 0 250.1 8 78191.1 0
0 0 ‐18.18 0 0 ‐84.74 ‐9.33 0 100 0 100 ‐100 ‐29.35 433.33 ‐9.21 2008 82348.2 0 0 0 2009 77352.5 0 0 0 %age ‐6.07 0 0 0 2010 63739.8 0 0 0 0 0 9.6 31.5 0 0 789.7 14.6 0 2.5 0 4.8 6.8 192.4 6.2 64797.9 %age 0 0 0 0 0 100 84.21 0 0 52.89 7.35 0 ‐90.46 0 ‐33 100 ‐23.07 ‐22.5 ‐17.13 ‐17.6 The data available for district is given in annexure A . The area under forest in Balaghat district is about 4713.37 Sq. Km which is 33% of the total area but there are few pockets of forest near Khapa, Khandwa, Madanour and Tumari Villages in the agglomeration of Waraseoni. The forest produce and income through forest produce like‐ harra, honey etc. and trading of Timber plays an important role in the economy base of Waraseoni region. Waraseoni tahsil fall in the balahgat circle of forest. In addition to Nationalized Non wood Forest Products namely Chebulic myrobolan or Harra, Sal Seed and Gums, a number of very important and valuable non‐nationalized Non wood Forest Products like Mahua Amla, Chirota, Neem, Mahul Patta, Chironji, Honey, Tamarind etc. are also found in these forests. SAL Timber is found in good quantity. The type of timber and forest produce is given in table 3.20. The average trade figure annually is Rs. 3000 Lakh. Rs. 1000 lakh earned through trade of Nationalized MFPs / NTFPs. Scores of MFPs / NTFPs yet to be exploited to their maximum potential. Forest offence is also an important problem in the region. Forest Produce worth Rs. 87 lakh seized during 1998‐99 along with five vehicles. Afforestation efforts are also taken up every year. 3000‐4000 ha of forest area treated under various afforestation components every year. The record of sale and produce of forest products area published in 10yrs on the district level. Hence the data available is for 198‐99‐2000. The average quantity of Sal seeds produced is 1500 Qtls that means Rs. 15,00,000.0 as per rates of MFPs. ( refer annexure B). Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 80 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
Table 4.23: land use in Waraseoni agglomeration villages S.N. Village name Total Forest Agriculture land Urbanisable (ha) Cultural AREA (Ha) land Irrigated waste by developed land land (ha) source (ha) 1 Mehandiwada 557.52 398.23 21.33 21.74 116.22 2 Murzad 433 ‐‐ 219.22 105.57 60.15 48.06 3 Wara 649.42 ‐‐ 365.52 109.93 108.33 65.64 4 Madnapur 347.78 ‐‐ 239.98 58.5 3.76 34.78 5 Khandwa 619.51 10.76 188.38 294.22 53.54 83.37 6 Khapa 1113.27 ‐‐ 376.34 197.53 86.11 7 Sikandara 669.7 225.69 523.34 43.73 32.92 69.71 8 Koste 746.67 ‐‐ 554.02 76.09 28.69 56.09 9 Tumadi 426.27 31.78 321.19 17.47 6.43 81.18 10 Sarandi 396.82 ‐‐ 127.97 176.17 44.73 47.95 11 Kayadi 1163.3 121.09 370.32 330.42 62.23 279.28 Total 7123.3 389.32 3535.77 1609.77 620.05 968.39 227.6 Table 4.24 Production quantity of Forest Produce and minor forest produce (district level) S.NO NAME PRODUCTION
Rate per unit
Produce in Rupees
( Rs.) 3. TIMBER 5303 CMT
5. HARRA 5000 Qtls.
6. CHIROTA SEED 3500 Qtls.
7. AONLA 500 Qtls.
8. SAL SEED 1500 Qtls.
9. MAHUL LEAVES
5000 Qtls.
10. GUMS QUALITY II (Babool, Dhaodu)
165 Qtls.
25.63
1000.0
1,28,150.0 15,00,000.0 The villagers are free to collect and sell the non‐forest produce. With a view to save these villagers from the exploitation by the middlemen, the collection of these Non wood Forest Products was started through Primary Forest Produce Cooperative Societies from 1995‐96. Madhya Pradesh State Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 81 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
Minor Forest Produce Federation is dealing with the collection and trade of four nationalized MFPs (Harra, Sal seeds and Gums) and a number of non‐nationalized MFPs through 1068 Primary Cooperative Societies, distributed all over the state. In order to give appropriate value of these MFPs to the tribal’s and to increase their average earnings, the state government has taken a decision that efforts should be made so that MFPs should be transported out of state only in processed form. These MFPs should first be processed within the state and the value added product should be exported to bigger markets. This will also give better employment opportunities as various small and large scale processing units will be installed within the state. Installation of these units will also enhance the opportunities of private investments in this sector. In order to encourage private investments in this field, the state government is in the process of formulating policies and strategies. The efforts of forest minor produce federation are not applied to Balaghat district intensely. There is need to adopt the state govt. programmes and policy to increase returns form these produce. 4.5.3.2.
Bail Bazar
The Bail Bazaar in Waraseoni attracts buyers and sellers from surrounding region of around 40 towns/villages, in large numbers. People from near by region of Maharshtra state also come for buy and cell of livestocks here. It is a weekly affair held every Tuesday. The sale figure of livestock comes out to be lakhs. The revenue in form of rent collected from Bail bazaar is Rs. 22Lakhs in the year 2009‐10, where as in the year 2007‐08 and 2008‐09 was Rs. 17.62lakhs and Rs. 19.33 lakhs respectively. 4.5.3.3.
Fisheries and fish farming
Fisheries are one of the important economical mean in the region. The lakes of city are auctioned for the production of fisheries. With more seeding of cash fish crop can be produced for better economic returns. The total water area available in the district is given in the table 4.25. Table 4.25 Total available Water Area and fish production (Source: record fisheries department) TYPE NUMBER WATER AREA
Rural Talab 1160 2171.024 sqkm
Irrigation Water Reservoir 233 3728.790 sqkm
Total Production Area of Fisheries Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 82 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
SCHEME PLACE BLOCK
1] Fisheries Seeds Production Murzad Waraseoni
[Target 600 Lakhs this year] Katangi
2] Fisheries Development Tirodi Seeds Bamanwada [Target No. Fisheries Seeds 1.00 Hect
100
80. Tirodi 1.00 Hect
100
Pathri 1.00 Hect
30
Moti Talab 1.00 Hect
100
Baihar 0.30 Hect
30
Pathri 33.00 Hect
0.66 Lakh 1.65 MT. Lakhs] 1] Fisheries Seeds Store
[Target 600 Lakhs this year] Target for Production Angulikaye Fisheries has been developed as one of the prime source of economy in Waraseoni city and as well as in Waraseoni tahsil. The fish production is also done in Waraseoni city lakes. There are six centers in the district to facilitate the germ culture and development of fisheries. The divisional fish production unit is at Murzar. There is a seed unit of 3.25 ha in Morja area of Waraseoni. The targeted spons production is 10 crores, which was achieved last year. Funding is also done by fisheries department under govt. program of fisheries development. Fisheries of various types like Son, Cat fish and Prawn are cultivated. The produce received from village and city lakes are: 7 quintal/year of Prawn, measure carf as 300 quintal/year and 40‐
50quintal/year of cat fish. The income from sale of fish and prone is Rs. 500/kg for prawn, rs.120/kg for cat fish and Rs. 40‐50/kg for measure carf. 4.5.3.4
Agriculture (District scenario):
The data of agriculture produce and income is available for district level. The land engaged for various agriculture and horticulture activities is given in table 4.26 and 4.27 Table 4.26 district wise details of land use under agriculture and forest (District scenario) Type of area Area (sq. km.) Total Area of district 9229 Sq. Km. [924500 Hect.] Area of Forest 4713.37 Sq. Km Net Sown Area 343698 Hect. Land not useful for cultivation 55498 Hect. Total Crop Area. 373129 Hect. Double Crop area 95542 Hect. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 83 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
Type of area Area (sq. km.) Kharif Area 269355 Hect. Rabi Area 103774 Hect. Total Irrigated Area 134014 Hect. Irrigation 38.01% Paddy is main crop of the district. Details of other crops are as table 4.9. The Waraseoni tehsil is also has agriculture as the main occupation. The trading and industries located in the Waraseoni town and its agglomeration are based on agriculture produce. Table 4.27 Detail of crop production (district scenario) S.N. NAME AREA SOWN (Hect) PRODUCTION (1000 Ton) 1. WHEAT 20161 12.2 2. PADDY 238931 253.9 3. MAIZE 5032 4.9 4. GRAM 6737 3.9 5. BLACK GRAM 10185 3.7 6. OTHER PULSES 21300 4.6 7 SUGAR CANE 2044 7.4 8. OIL SEED 28593 5.6 The land area under horticulture in the Balaghat district is given in the table 3.13 Table 4.28 District wise details of land use under Horticulture Horticulture Net Sown Area of Fruits 3003 Hect. Net Sown Area of Vegetables 4312 Hect. Net Sown Area of Masala 1143 Hect. Net Sown Area of Flower 120 Hect. Net Sown Area of Medicine Plants 20 Hect. Productions Name of Fruits Mango, Name of Vegetables Name of Masala Name of Flower Orange, Potato, Onion, Lady Chili, Ginger, Turmeric Genda Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 84 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
Lemon, Kathal, Amrud Finger, Tomato, Beans, etc. Cabbage, Flower Cabbage, Carrot etc (Source: agriculture department) 4.5.3.5
Forest (district scenario):
The area under forest in Balaghat district is about 4713.37 Sq. Km which is 33% of the total area, but forest are near Waraseoni is not much. There are few pockets of forest near Khapa, Khandwa, Madanour and Tumari. A large number of these produce are also found in Waraseoni tahsil and area around Waraseoni city. In addition to Nationalized Non wood Forest Products namely Chebulic myrobolan or Harra, Sal Seed and Gums, a number of very important and valuable non‐nationalized Non wood Forest Products like Mahua Aonla, Chirota, Neem, Mahul Patta, Chironji, Honey, Tamarind etc. are also found in these forests Details of forest production and minor forest produce are given in table 3.13, 3.14 and 3.15. The income and expenditure incurred for the forest department is given in table 3.16. Table 4.29 Production quantity of Forest Produce and minor forest produce S.NO NAME PRODUCTION 1. TIMBER 5303 CMT 2. HARRA 5000 Qtls. 3. CHIROTA SEED 3500 Qtls. 4. AONLA 500 Qtls. 5. SAL SEED 1500 Qtls. 6. MAHUL LEAVES 5000 Qtls. 7. GUMS QUALITY II (Babool, Dhaodu) 165 Qtls. 4.30 Production quantity of timber Year Timber (cmt.) Fuel Stacks (Nos.) 1994‐1995 17414 30087 1995‐1996 21745 29818 1996‐1997 17698 21350 1997‐1998 23941 28786 Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 85 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
1998‐1999 5303 9401 1999‐2000 (Feb 2000) ‐ ‐ (Source: forest department) 4.5.3.6
Timber
Sal (Shorea robusta) is a large evergreen tree belonging to the family dipterocarpaceae. Sal forests occupy about 16.5 % of the total forest area of the state. Sal timber is extremely durable and is used for making railway sleepers, gun‐carriages, Beams, doors, planking etc. The seeds of Sal are an important source of edible oil. M.P. State Minor Forest Produce Co‐op. Federation Ltd. collects Sal Seed, a nationalized forest produce, through Primary Forest Produce Co‐operative Societies in 12 Districts of the State which are Sal forest areas. Valuable edible oil is extracted from these seeds. The seed contains 19‐20% of oil. The oil is used as a substitute of butter and also in confectionaries and eatables. The oil cakes remaining after oil extraction contains 10‐12% protein and is used as feed for chicken. It is also used as manure. All the Sal Seed collected in the State is being sold by open tenders/auctions. 4.5.3.7
Medicinal plants
Harra (Terminalia chebula) is a small or medium sized tree and is found on higher plateaus, in open forests. The tree is valued for the fruit which supplies the myrobolan of commerce. It is used in tanning and medicine industries. Chebulic Myrobolan or Harra was a specified forest produce under the M.P Van Upaj (Vyapar Viniyaman) Act, 1969 and only the State Government or an agent appointed by the State Government could collect it. Its collection till 2002‐03 was done by the M.P. State Minor Forest Produce Co‐op. Federation Ltd. through Primary Societies in 17 Harra producing districts of the State. The disposal of Harra collected in this manner was done through tenders/auctions. Harra has been taken out of the list of specified produce in June 2003. 4.5.3.7.1
Gum Gums extracted from Kullu (Sterculia urens) and Salai (Boswellia serrata) trees are valuable forest produce. In addition gum from Axle Wood tree or Dhaoda (Anogeissus latofoia), Cutch tree or Khair (Acacia Catechu) and Indian gum Arabic tree or Babool (Acacia nilotica) are also extracted and are economically important. These Gums came under the category of Nationalized Minor Forest Produce. Extraction of these gums was carried out through Primary Forest Produce Cooperative Societies and the District Unions. The collected quantity is sold through open tenders/auctions either in advance or after Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 86 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
warehousing. However, all gums except Kullu Gum have been taken out of the list of specified produce in 2003. 4.5.3.7.2
Non‐Nationalized NWFP In year 1998‐99 about 12,188.60 Qntls. of Non‐nationalized NWFP was collected through the Primary Societies. District Unions and Primary Societies have been authorized for the disposal of these items. Action has also been initiated to enroll the primary societies as members of the National Federation of Cooperatives working under the Ministry of welfare, Government of India, so that they can get working capital and share capital to conduct trade in these NWFPs more efficiently. 4.5.3.7.3 Plantations of Minor Forest Produce and Medicinal Plants The federation has also taken up plantations of some important minor forest produce and plants of medicinal value under a centrally sponsored scheme 1999. Such plantations were raised over 400 hectares in 9 districts and over 600 hectares 13 districts. In situ conservation and development of minor forest produce over 3300 hectares and ex‐ site development over 520 hectares has been taken up in 10 districts this year under another scheme of government of India . 4.5.3.7.4
Production & Revenue Earnings from Timber & Bamboo in Balaghat Circle Felling and sale of timber is carried out by three Production Divisions of Balaghat Circle, namely West, North & South Production Divisions. Of these the Area of West Production Division overlaps the areas of both the territorial divisions of the circle. According to the prevalent working plans of the North & South Territorial divisions there are 123 Felling Series of Bamboo and 215 Felling Series of Timber. But due to Naxalite activities at present only 13 Timber coupes and 73 Bamboo coupes are being worked. 4.6
SILK PRODUCTION (Sericulture)
Balaghat district is the second highest producer of sericulture in the State. Waraseoni is the center for Sericulture that is a small‐scale industry in rural areas and has an agro forestry base for generating revenues of self‐employment. There are two types of Sericulture Industry in Balaghat district: tasar and mulberry. The saris’ and cloth materials prepared in the district are sold to all parts of Country. Though the status of silk industry is not very sound now days but with necessary support the industry can flourish to its bygone glory again. Waraseoni city has potential to Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 87 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
be developed as a market for silk cloth and dress materials for national market. Table 4.31 Types of Sericulture Productions in the District Tasar [On Saja Trees] Mulberry Area 404.97 Hect. Area 104 Acre. No. of Centres 7 No. of Centre 12 No. of Realing Unit [Govt. Sector] 1 No. of Mini I.T.I. 1 No. of Realing Unit [Private Sector] 1 Production 1.70 Lakh Cocoons cocoon Production 7155 Kg Beneficiaries 25 Beneficiaries 148 Mulberry raw Silk Govt. 126.990 Kg Reeling Beneficiaries Govt. 5 Production of raw Silk Private Sector 350 Kg Reeling Beneficiaries Private 22 4.7 INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITIES
Waraseoni region has not been fully exploited in terms of industrial progress. Only industrial area near Garra is established but the town is more dependent on Balaghat than waraseoni. The small scale industrial units are agriculture base like poha units etc. 4.7.1 Mining industries
The district is rich in mineral wealth. There are 48 mine in the district. The main mineral extracted from mines are given in table 4.25 Table 4.32 MINING DETAILS Main Minerals Copper, Manganese Dolomite, Marble etc. Total Number of Main Minerals Mines 48 Other Mines Material Stone, Sand, Murrum etc. Other Mines Number 100 (Source: record mining department) The Places and their name where main Minerals are found are given in the table below. The Waraseoni town has not been explored for the mineral wealth but the agglomeration is rich in mineral. Table 4.33 Name of locations of Minerals availability (Source: record of mining department)
Name of mineral Tehsil Villages Manganese Ore Waraseoni Botezari, Ramrama,katangzari, Naitara, Pandharpani, Miragpur Stone (Metal for Crashing) Waraseoni Waraseoni, Kayadi, Dongariya, Asera Sand Waraseoni Kanki, Mehandiwada, Khandwa, Sinkandra, Chandori, Savangi Though the city does not have a strong mineral base but if explored rightly the city and agglomeration can convert into important mineral base. 4.7.2 Small Scale Industries
Other SSI includes units of cloth, handicraft, marble and Granite Tiles, Rerolling mill, steel furniture Mosaic Tiles, Varnish, Ceramic Hollow blocks & furniture, Plastic rope & other Plastic goods, steel Engineering work shop. In Waraseoni city, the industries exist on Katangi road. The detail of small scale industries are given in table 3.27. Table 4.44 small scale industries in Waraseoni town S.NO. Type No. 1. Rice Mill +Poha Mill 25 2. Manganese mine 1 3. Mangalore Pattern Tiles 2 4. Mineral Powder Of Marble/ Granite 3 5 Stone Crushing & Hume Pipe 4 The city is famous for rice mills and Poha making industry. There are about 75 such Dal/ Rice/ Poha factories within and around Waraseoni. The city has a scope for developing more industries as the area is rich with rice production & also manganese ore. The existing industries are woven sacks, edible oil, steel ingots and Ferro alloys. There are other ores such as uranium present in the area which can be a potential industry (Power Sector). The major trade activities are Rice, Forest products such as Saaj, Teak wood etc. the under construction broad gauge railway line will facilitate the industrial development. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 89 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
4.8
TOURISM
As such there is not much in the city in terms of tourism. But the region around Waraseoni has a number of religiously important places. The Chandan River, Ramrama, Rampayali etc. are the places that can be visited from Waraseoni. With an effort these areas can be converted into important tourism circuit. 4.9
FUTURE EMPLOYMENT DEMAND
The percentage of working population in any city reflects the human resource potential. The higher the percentage of working population means higher GDP. In case of Waraseoni the total working population is about 27.9%, which is not very promising. The working population can be increased by exploring more economic opportunities. The required number of job opportunities is given in table 4.45. Table 4.45 Future Employment Demand Proposed Employment Req. % 2010 60614 Population Required 33.00 20003 Proposed 2015 65763 21702 Proposed 2025 76485 25240 Proposed 2035 87883 29001 4.10 ECONOMICAL POTENTIAL OF CITY
1. Waraseoni city and its agglomeration at present has few strong potentials like •
Silk industry •
Agriculture. Horticulture production and trade •
Forest base industries •
Livestock base economic s •
Bail Bazaar •
Mineral base industry •
Education and research and development •
Tourism ( though at small scale) 2. The potentials of the city can be explored for a future economically sustainability and a lively commercial city. These potentials can ascertain the recent required shift in the economic base and can have a long term positive impact on city’s economy. 3. To develop silk industries by silk farming on special planting of saja trees zone for raw silk production. 4. To develop Waraseoni to be an agricultural produce hub for surrounding area having rice mills, pulse mills, ware houses, cold storage etc. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 90 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
5. To develop Waraseoni as a center for handloom production, research and development based on silk with a boost to traditional silk production method and green‐silk production methods. 6. Infrastructure available to avail three crops in a year. In fact agriculture may be a round the year activity with produces like vegetables, fruits etc. with proper water supply through existing canal network. 7. Favorable weather and good soil property available for the Horticultural, medicinal plants and floriculture products like Mango, Awla, Papaiya etc. and for medicine plants like 'white mushli', 'ashwagandha satavre', chandsur and Kalmegh. On this basis agro based industries can be established which will help to generate employment 8. To develop Waraseoni as a centre of Eco‐Agro‐ Trade city. 4.11 SECTOR ISSUES
1. The lack of skilled personnel in the city hampers the growth. 2. The rate of out‐migration suggests urgent need of measures to stop it or reduce it to desired level for the growth of city. 1. The needs to stress on enhancement in the current economic sectors to make Economy stable and continues to grow. 2. Need of Introduction of new economic avenues that will create a large number of jobs of various economic sectors and to raise handsome revenue and returns to improve the basic standard of living. 3. Need of Adequate public & private sector contributions in Identify and promoting economic linkages between tourism and other sectors of economy. 4. Higher sex ratio from average sex ratio of state indicates the need of introduction of economic sector where women workers are required in large numbers, like handloom printing, designing, handicraft and jewellery making and cottage industry like bidi making and sericulture besides others. 5. Introduction of IT education and training will also help generate employment for trained and educated women in marketing sector. 6. The introduction of new economic avenues will also create need of in‐migration of workers in all three types of economic sectors especially the skilled personnel. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 91 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
4.12 SECTOR SPECIFIC STRATEGIES
STRATEGY COMPONENTS for Ecology sustainability and Agro Trade as economic growth: 1. Delineation of Waraseoni and its region under agro‐climate zone. Formulation of long term Mechanization strategies for the Agro‐Climatic Zone under Central Sector Scheme to conduct an in‐depth study at micro level for the collection/compilation of information as to the factors contributing to the agriculture production in the agro‐climatic zone and formulation of realistic farm mechanization strategies, by Collection of information on mechanization status, Agro economic, sociological and other relevant aspects and formulation of appropriate farm mechanization program with a view to optimal exploitation of agricultural potential. Pattern of assistance 100% centrally funded. 2. Incentives for investors by strategic marketing of the City’s lands for achieving the vision and advantages for residents, developers, and businesses, enabling the City to attract development, clean and competitive industries. The City can market its availability of industrial land; its supportive culture of sustainability awareness, and its in‐house framework for supporting green development. Strategic marketing will be aimed at companies’ currently located, eco‐minded companies in the traditional industries, and bio‐based industries. 3. After detailed study a detailed project will be prepared for the DEVELOPMENT of agriculture base to promote and facilitate agricultural development, targeting beneficiaries of land reform and disadvantaged communities and farmers including provision of conditional grant to provide support services under Strengthening of Agricultural Statistics and Policy Formulation scheme with 100% Grants‐in‐Aid to be provided by the Ministry of Agriculture. Moreover , stress would be given on following points:‐ a. The project should ensure gender and disability sensitivity b. The land ownership should be clearly defined. c. Farmer/Community aspirations and wishes about the future of the project d. Funds will be allocated on project basis supported with a comprehensive & viable business plan with clear objectives and outcomes. e. Projects should be initiated and be driven by communities/farmer. 4. Adaptation of Agmark Grading and Standardization, the Quality standards for agricultural commodities for the produce extracted in Waraseoni city and its region. Adaptation of guidelines laid by world trade to improve quality with Food safety factors and quantity. Standards shall be Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 92 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
harmonized with international standards keeping in view the WTO requirements. Certification of agricultural commodities shall be carried out for the benefit of producer/manufacturer and consumer and for adulteration prone commodities. 5. Agricultural Marketing Information Network shall be set up for wider trade coverage. Use of computerization and on‐line methods for marketing activities 6. Establishment of Agriculture University for training and educating in the field of agriculture. To impart training, to various levels of functionaries involved in agricultural marketing activities. To offer consultancy services to the State and Central Departments, Public Sector Undertakings, Cooperatives etc; in formulation of Projects, preparing Master Plans for States, Export Institutions, Traders and Farmers. Establishment of research and development cell to undertake and study of applied and operational research in problem areas of agricultural marketing and to develop better produce and to determine the crop suitability for optimization of land use in different agro‐ecological regions/zones under Agro‐Economic Research Scheme where 100% grant is available by Ministry of Agri., Government of India under Plan & Non‐Plan Head. 7. Establishment of Silk development center with R&D cell for training and educating in the field of silk farming for imparting training, to various levels of functionaries involved in farming and marketing activities. To offer consultancy services to the State and Central Departments, Public Sector Undertakings, Cooperatives etc; in formulation of Projects, preparing Master Plans for States, Export Institutions, Traders, Farming, cloth preparation, printing and marketing and Establishment of research and development cell to undertake and study of applied and operational research in problem areas of farming conventional and ecological approach of silk farming. It will also include research farms to develop better variety. The project componenets shall be funded under industrial infrastruture upgradation scheme (IIUS) of government of India. 8. Implementation of Integrated Cooperative Development Projects for over all development of the project area through cooperative efforts in the Agriculture and allied sectors including fishery, poultry, handloom, rural industries etc. in an integrated manner. The scheme aims to strengthen existing primary cooperative societies and other functional cooperatives, to develop PACS as multipurpose entities, to improve existing cooperative structure including modernization and up gradation of management of cooperatives. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 93 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
9. Implementation of Human Resource Development Training Support program under Agriculture Central Sector Scheme where 100% Financial Assistance from Directorate of Extension, Department of Agriculture and Cooperation, Ministry of Agriculture is available. 10. Development and Use of Bio fertilizers: Production and distribution of Bio fertilizers (BFs), Develop Standards for different BFs and Quality control, Release of grants for setting up BF units and Training and Publicity with Financial assistance/ grants through the State Governments shall be done. 11. Preparation of detailed study and project for horticulture under National Horticulture Board Schemes to Develop high quality horticulture farms in identified belts and make such areas vibrant with horticultural activity which in turn will act as hubs for developing commercial horticulture, Develop post‐harvest management infrastructure, Strengthen Market Information System and horticulture database, Assist R&D programs to develop products suited for specific varieties with improved methods and horticulture technology, Provide training and education to farmers and processing industry personnel for improvement agronomic practices and new technologies and Promote consumption of fruits/vegetables in fresh and processed form. The projects shall be prepared under various grant and subsidy programs of rural ministry of GOI. 12. Development of Commercial Horticulture Technology development, Establishment of Nutritional Gardens, Market information service for Horticulture crops, Horticulture promotion service through Production and Post‐Harvest Management i) Production Related ii) PHM/ Processing related Component High quality commercial horticulture crops Indigenous crops/produce, herbs Aromatic & Medicinal Plants Seed & Nursery Biotechnology, Tissue Culture Bio‐pesticides Organic Foods Primary processing of products Estt. Of Hort. Health Clinics/ Laboratory (For Agri/Horti unemployed graduates) Consultancy Services Bee‐keeping. Grading/ /Washing/Sorting/Drying/ Packing centers Pre‐cooling Unit/Cold Storage Refer Van/Containers Sp. Transport Vehicle Retail Outlets Auction Platform Ripening curing chamber Market yard/rope ways Processing unit/ Radiation unit/VHT unit Hort. Ancillary industry e.g. tools, equipment, plastics, packaging etc. Crates, Cartons, Aseptic Packaging Nets (50% subsidy). 13. Implementation of disaster management under Natural Disaster Management Programme to enhance the national capability for disaster reduction, preparedness and mitigation. The scheme will also enhance the level of awareness of the community about the disasters they are likely to face and prepare them adequately to face the crisis situation in future with the components as Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 94 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
human resource development, research and consultancy services, documentation of major events, creation of Centre for Disaster Management at the national and state level, activities and programs under International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction, public awareness campaign. Taking advantage of Pattern of Assistance of 100% grant by Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India. 14. Preparation of perspective plan for optimum utilization of land resources for the growing demand for land and its optimum utilization, conducting evaluation studies. Implementation of the recommendations of the National Land Use Policy Outline (NLPO) and adaptation of guidelines in regard to the sponsoring of studies and organizing awareness campaigns. Taking advantage of Pattern of assistance 100% grant by the Ministry of Agriculture, Govt. of India via National Land Use and Conservation Board (NLCB) under Formulation of National Land Use policy. 15. Taking up projects under watershed development program. Pattern of assistance 100% grant by Ministry of Agriculture. 16. Boost to education, agriculture, mineral, herbal and handloom industry will increase the economic base. 17. Creating new avenues in health sector will generate vast employment and also economy generation especially in Health, naturopathy, aurvedic and medicine science. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 95 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
Chapter 5 PHYSICAL PLANNING & GROWTH MANAGEMENT
Land use planning is very important to control haphazard development within the municipal limit. It is necessary to identify the separate places to avoid inconvenience and to bring harmony in planning. Preparation of Development Plan is thus prerequisite for harmonious growth. The proposals for City Development Plan (CDP) will include Land Use zoning proposals which entails the designation of land for public purposes, educational institutions, markets, cultural institutions, religious buildings, Government and public building. 5.1
SPATIAL GROWTH TRENDS
Waraseoni city is spreading fast in all directions. The village/towns on the agglomeration and outgrowth are merging into to draw new boundary of Waraseoni. During the process of boundary expansion, a city is shown with extending boundaries in increasing order in different government records as the years passes by. The city area, as per census 1991, is 610 hectares, while in census 2001 the city area is 1929 hectare. The developed area of 610 hectare in 1991 has increased to 947 hectare as per record. For planning purpose, the city area has been taken as 19.29sq.km. Table 5.1. City area as per census 1991 S.NO. NAME OF TOWN/VILLAGE AREA(hectare) Population(1991) 1 Waraseoni Municipal Council area 610.00 20757 (Source: census 1991) Table 5.2 City area as per Municipal records 2009 S.NO. NAME OF TOWN/VILLAGE AREA(hectare) Population(2010) 1 Waraseoni Municipal Council area 947.58 28350 (Source: municipal record) Table 5.3: City area by per census 2001 S.NO. NAME OF TOWN/VILLAGE AREA(hectare) Population(2001) 1 Waraseoni Municipal Council area 1929.0 24757 (Source: census 2001) 5.1.1
Waraseoni Agglomeration: Surrounding Villages/towns
The Waraseoni town is spreading in all directions. The urban sprawl has already been started outside of Waraseoni city limits, along the radial roads and different corridors such as Balaghat road, Rampayali road Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 96 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
etc. As per the current situation, the nearby villages/towns have virtually become part of Waraseoni city in terms of economic, amenities dependency and for other facilities. (Refer to Map). The Planning area for CDP 2035 will contain the following villages: Table 5.4 Villages under Waraseoni Agglomeration S.N Name of Area village (Ha.) Population HH Population HH Nearest town (1991) (1991) (2001) (2001) and tehsil 1 Mehandiwada 557.52 3902 754 3846 851 Waraseoni 2 Murzad 433 2225 423 2891 548 Waraseoni 3 Wara 649.42 2428 525 2601 580 Waraseoni 4 Madnapur 347.78 1058 212 1210 263 Waraseoni 5 Khandwa 619.51 1514 325 1828 427 Waraseoni 6 Khapa 1113.27 1740 349 2026 454 Waraseoni 7 Sikandara 669.7 2834 572 2149 461 Waraseoni 8 Koste 746.67 2653 515 3049 625 Waraseoni 9 Tumadi 426.27 1611 341 1755 372 Waraseoni 10 Sarandi 396.82 1244 239 1530 321 Waraseoni 11 Kayadi 1163.3 3656 773 4027 894 Waraseoni TOTAL 6823.30 24865 26912 (Source: census 2001) 5.1.2 Spatial character
The development of Waraseoni town is slow and so the character of city is still at initial stage of turning into a large city. The development of housing is of low‐rise type i.e residences and bungalows are seen. The character of agglomeration is also resembles to same. The spatial pattern indicates large parcels of agricultural lands around basati area. However the rural urban continuum pattern prevalent in the city and agglomeration resulted in availability of large vacant areas for organized developments. The urban expansion is contiguous along the arterial corridors resulting in urban agglomeration. The general development control regulations are not strictly enforced. There is a rise in commercial activities and unauthorized residential colonies in the city. The unplanned growth of City is due to non‐
application of any specialized land use planning techniques in the past. It is imperative that the growth of the city be directed in manner that improves the urban form and function of the city. Physical, social, political and economic factors have played their decisive roles in the formation of land use pattern. Ethnic Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 97 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
and religious grouping of people dictated the development of distinct residential zones, spatially separated from each other. 5.2
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF POPULATION
Waraseoni has total jurisdiction area of 1929 Ha which was formed including 4 villages (part of village Wara, part of Sikandra, Chandori, and Seoni) in it, including out growth. Whereas the outgrowth including water bodies, rivers, forests and agricultural area has 1929 Ha. of area under Waraseoni Town detailed as under. 5.2.1 Existing Land Use of developed area
Waraseoni city has total area have 1929 Ha Including 4 villages in it. Whereas the developed area excluding water bodies, rivers, forests and agricultural area has 947 Ha of area under Waraseoni Town detailed as under. Table 5.5 Existing Land Use Pattern S.NO. Land use type Developed Area in (hec)
Percentage 1 Residential 199. 88
21.09 2 Agricultural 541.29
57.12 3 Water Bodies 28.31
2.99 4 Commercial 11.31
1.19 5 Health Facilities 1.37
0.14 6 Industrial 8.73 0.92 7 Institutional 12.4
1.31 8 Parks and open Spaces
28.41
3 9 Public and Semi‐public
24.33
2.57 10 Railways 13.2
1.39 11 Roads 78.35
8.27 Total Area 947.58
100 Total Land in Waraseoni M.C. (census 2001)
1929.00
Urban sable Land 981.42
As Calculated Creative Circle, Nagpur 2010 after mapping Waraseoni There is a major discrepancy in the records of census which says land available is 1929 Hectares whereas by our calculations after mapping Waraseoni the same area under Municipal council should be 947.58 Hectares. We are continuing with the area of 947.58 Hectares for planning purpose and the council also has the same record. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 98 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
5.2.2 Core city Area
The core area can be defined as area near the Municipal Council upto Jain Mandir. The high density and dilapidated condition in the core area of town is the pattern of closely located building. Congested condition and traffic problem is decreasing the land value of the area. There is a need to redevelopment of these areas to de‐densification. There is need of development of commercial centers at location where mushrooming growth of shops at roads side are creating problems of traffic congestion and haphazard parking posing problems of bottle neck. 5.2.3 Un-organised Commercial activity
The commercial activity is showing a tendency to develop as roadside shopping because of the growing demand for the need of commercial activity at various locations. The main development of Commercial activity is from Bus Stand to Jain Temple inside the City. Such mushrooming development is posing problems of parking and traffic movement especially the area near Jain Temple. The road from Bus Stand to Jain Temple inside the City along with some distance on Katangi road from Nehru Chowk has several encroachments on the road itself which creates a problem in Traffic and Transportation. The Municipal Council has allowed several Hawkers within these areas and collects daily charges for sitting on road. 5.2.4 Distribution of Population Density in Waraseoni
The non‐uniform distribution of population density can be seen in the developed area of Waraseoni town. Refer table 5.6. The ward no: 9 is highly dense ward while ward no: 1, 6, and 8 are having very sparse population. The uniform distribution of housing and other amenities require a careful planning that forms a homogeneous development with present and proposed development. Table 5.6 ward‐wise density Ward No. 1 2 3 Ward Name Shastri Ward Bhagatsingh Ward Wallabh Bhai Ward Population in 2001 1817 1913 1460 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Tatya Tope Ward Viveknand Ward Rani Durgavati Ward Gurunanak Ward Ram Mandir Ward Ambedkar Ward Gandhi Ward 2280 1908 1413 1835 1473 1478 1342 Creative Circle, Nagpur Area (ha.) Density 272.27 24.2 7 79 18.26 40.54 27.06
123.75 39.49 171.72 11.5 26.95 80 56 71 11 46 9 129 50 Page 99 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
11 12 13 14 15 Subhash Ward Jadamba Ward Rajendra Ward Azad Ward Nehru Ward Total 1525 1522 1399 1886 1506 24757 17.53 13.95 39.06 89.37 31.95 947.6 87 109 36 21 47 26 The reason for such density is the development pattern of closely located building in the core areas of the town. There is also need of development of commercial centers at location where mushroom growth of shops at roads side are creating problems of traffic congestion and haphazard parking posing threat for accidents. 5.3
MUNICIPAL LEVEL MAPPING
It can be seen from table 5.5 that about 21.09% of land is used for residential purpose out of developed area. The use of land under health, institutions and commercial is also less. The larger area is covered by land‐uses not used for Abadi i.e. 31% in gross land‐use and 60.11% in developed area land‐use. The imbalanced distribution of land form is creating problems like high density in core city area and inadequate physical and social infrastructure. Table 5.7 land availability as per Municipal record 5.4
Sr. no. Land Use Area( hec) Percentage 1 Developed land 349.55 18.13 2 Waste land(water body and others) 598.02 31.00 3 Urban sable area 981.4 50.87 1929.0 100 WARD DELINEATION MAP
The present area under MCW comprises of 15 wards, which covers the service area of 947.6 Ha and Fringe areas. The population distribution in the wards is given in table 5.8. Table 5.8 Ward wise Population in MCW Ward No. Ward Name Population in 2001 Area (ha.) 1 2 3 4 5 1817 1913 1460 2280 1908 272.27 24.2 18.26 40.54 27.06 Creative Circle, Nagpur Shastri Ward Bhagatsingh Ward Wallabh Bhai Ward Tatya Tope Ward Viveknand Ward Page 100 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 5.5
Rani Durgavati Ward Gurunanak Ward Ram Mandir Ward Ambedkar Ward Gandhi Ward Subhash Ward Jadamba Ward Rajendra Ward Azad Ward Nehru Ward Total 1413 1835 1473 1478 1342 1525 1522 1399 1886 1506 24757 123.75 39.49 171.72 11.5 26.95 17.53 13.95 39.06 89.37 31.95 947.6 LAND USE ANALYSIS
Waraseoni has total area of 1929 Ha which was formed including 4 villages (part of village Wara, part of Sikandra, Chandori, and Seoni) in it, including out growth. Whereas the outgrowth including water bodies, rivers, forests and agricultural area has 1929 Ha of area under Waraseoni Town detailed as under. Table 5.9 Existing Land Use Pattern S.NO. Land use type
Developed Area in (hec)
Percentage
1 Residential 199. 88
21.09 2 Agricultural 541.29 57.12 3 Water Bodies 28.31
2.99 4 Commercial 11.31
1.19 5 Health Facilities
1.37
0.14 6 Industrial 8.73
0.92 7 Institutional 12.4
1.31 8 Parks and open Spaces 28.41
3 9 Public and Semi‐public 24.33
2.57 10 Railways 13.2
1.39 11 Roads 78.35
8.27 Total Area 947.58
100 Total Land in Waraseoni M.C. (census 2001)
1929.00
Urbanisable Land 981.42
Calculations by Creative Circle, Nagpur 2010 after mapping Waraseoni
Out of an area of 947.58 Hectares, the residential area of 199.88 hectares is 21.09% of the total developed area shows a gross density of 28 pph. But in some wards the population density is more. The Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 101 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
available land area for development is 541.29 which is under agriculture currently and constitutes around 57% of the total land. 5.6
HOUSING SCENARIO
The pattern of housing in Waraseoni shows characteristics of plotted developments. New construction whether under various government housing schemes or through private developers are in the form of plotted development. The shift of housing market towards private builders is seen; Even then the construction of apartment buildings is not so common. The inclination of buyers towards individual housing units as plotted development has forced the private builders to adopt the demand form. 5.6.1 Household Size and Housing Condition
The total number of households in MCW as per the 2001 census is 4940 whereas the population was 24757. The average household size in Waraseoni works out to 5.0, which is moderately high. The household size in slums increases to 9.45 which is alarmingly high and speaks volumes about the living conditions in slums. Also there about 1379 households in the slums which are mostly Kaccha houses (temporary houses) and housing backlog as estimated with the actual semi permanent/ dilapidated houses works out to 2316 housing units. Although many houses are serviceable and can be made good for living with repair works, the houses in Slums need to be re‐built in the current condition. 5.6.2 Predominant Use of Material in Housing
In order to ascertain the housing demand qualitative analysis of existing housing was undertaken. The predominant use of materials for roof, wall and floors has been analyzed. The distribution of housing stock on the basis of roof material, wall material, etc, is given in tables below. The permanent housing stock is 72.3%. Table 5.10 TYPE OF STRUCTURE: Housing TYPE OF STRUCTURE Semi Permanent permanent Temporary Unclassifiable Total no. of HH Serviceable Non Serviceable 3572 1279 64 25 0 4940 72.3% 25.9% 1.3% 0.50% 0% 100.00% (Source: Census 2001) Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 102 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
To substantiate the above data given under is the household by predominant roofing material and predominant wall material. The highest percentage (63.50%) of tile roofing and mud brunt brick (53%) are present in housing. Table 5.11: DISTRIBUTION OF HOUSES BY PREDOMINANT MATERIAL OF ROOF Area name Total Grass thatch, Plastic, slate G.I. polythene
no. of Bamboo, houses wood, Tiles mud Brick Stone Concrete Any metal. other Asbestos material sheets etc. Waraseoni 4940 119 30 3137 40 410 30 603 573 Percentage 100 2.4 0.60 63.50 0.80 8.30 0.60 12.20 11.60 0 0.00 (Source: Census 2001) Table 5.12 DISTRIBUTIONS OF HOUSES BY PREDOMINANT MATERIAL OF WALL Grass thatch, Plastic, Area Total name no. of Bamboo, houses wood, Mud, Wood polythene burnt Burnt metal. Brick Stone Concrete Any other material Asbestos brick mud G.I. sheets etc. Waraseoni 4940 188 10 2618 54 15 1704 321 30 0 % centage 100 3.8 0.2 53 1.1 0.3 34.5 6.5 0.6 0.00 (Source: Census 2001) 5.6.3 Housing shortage
The increasing population in the Waraseoni town and agglomeration poses the problem of housing shortage. The people migrating to Waraseoni for employment in primary sectors generally settle in slum settlements, increasing the problem of these settlements which normally paralyzed by unhygienic conditions and no proper infrastructure system. Secondly, the demand for middle class and high class housing is also increasing and the deterioration of existing housing stock especially the older once are putting pressure on the existing housing market. The pace of new housing construction is not matching the demand, this pressure of demand is resulting into unauthorized colonies near Sikandra, Wara and Tumari area which is not included in the municipal limits and falls under respective panchayats jurisdiction. These unauthorized colonies are located just close to Waraseoni municipal boundary. The present physical and social infrastructure of the city near the boundary is used by these unauthorized colonies. Hence, this is resulting into the revenue loss and tax collection to municipal council. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 103 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
5.7
PRESENT AND FUTURE HOUSING DEMAND
The population projected for 2010, 2015, 2025 and 2035 from 2001 and the housing requirement for these intermediate years and ultimate year 2035 are given in table 5.19. The average household size is 5, while the higher house ‐hold size in slum areas are 9.45. The housing deficit is calculated by taking an average household size as 5. Table 5.13 GROWTH OF URBAN POPULATION & HOUSING DEMAND –WARASEONI+ AGGLOMERATION Year 2001 2010 2015 2025 2035 Population 24757 60614 65763 76485 87883 Additional Population ‐‐ 35857 5149 10722 11398 Avg. household size 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 Less existing pacca houses in urban agglomeration 2869 Additional households ‐‐ 4302 1030 2144 2280 Housing units requirement @85% and @90% ‐‐ 3657 927 1930 2052 Requirement of housing units in addition to 2001 requirement 484 4786 1514 2628 2764 Renovation of existing housing units @ 2% per year 957 303 526 553 TOTAL 9401 2743 5084 5368 5.8
ILLEGAL COLONIES
There are no Illegal colonies within WARASEONI Municipal boundary, but at the same time there are several colonies coming up in areas adjoining Waraseoni Municipal boundary especially in Sikandra, Tumari and Wara villages. These colonies do not confirm to the standards of Town Planning. The Registration department is registering sale deeds of these plots in these colonies as they are getting revenue. It seems that the State government of Madhya Pradesh is also not very keen to stop registration of Sale Deeds in these colonies. 5.9 FUTURE GROWTH POSSIBILITIES
The Waraseoni Municipal Council area boundary can extend to all directions except south‐west where there is a natural barrier of Chandan River. The town of Waraseoni is growing in almost all directions along main roads such as Balaghat, Rampayali, Katangi etc. roads. The Municipal Council of Waraseoni can grow in all directions even South‐West towards village Mehandi wada. Khandwa and Khapa. Villages Sikandra, Koste, Madanpur, Wara, Tumari, Murzad and part of sarandi with Waraseoni are so adjoining Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 104 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
each other that it is difficult to identify where one starts and one ends. By creating an agglomeration of Waraseoni and Surrounding villages we are creating abundant growth possibilities. 5.9.1 Planning Area under City Development Plan 2035
The planning area considered for CDP 2035 is including Waraseoni city area plus city agglomeration: 9052.3 hect. (i.e. 1929.0+7123.3 hect). The land use of the planning area of CDP is given in table 5.14 with different land forms like area under forest, agriculture land, water bodies and residential. Table 5.14 land‐use by city development plan 2035 S.N. Land Use Waraseoni city Percentage
Waraseoni Area( hec) agglomeration Percentage Total ( hec) Area( hec) 1 Developed land 349.55 18.13
968.39
13.6
1317.94
2 Waste land(water body 598.02 31.00
620.05
8.44
1218.07
and others) 3 Urbanisable area 981.4 50.87
1609.77
22.6
2591.17
4 Agriculture ‐‐‐ ‐‐‐
5145.54
72.24 5145.54
1929.0 100 7123.3 100 9052.3 A moderate density for the size of city like Waraseoni, 100 PPH density can be considered as per UDPFI guidelines. The land areas required for various land‐uses can be calculated as per table 5.15. Table 5.15 Requirement of LAND‐USE for PLANNING AREA as per UDPFI Guidelines Land use Req. % Population Proposed 2010 Proposed 2015 Proposed 2025 Proposed 2035 60614 65763 76485 87883 Developed area reqd @ 100 PPH 606.14 657.63 764.85 878.83 Residential 50.00 303.07 328.82 382.43 439.42 Commercial 3.00 18.18 19.73 22.95 26.36 Industrial 10.00 60.61 65.76 76.49 87.88 Pub/S.pub 8.00 48.49 52.61 61.19 70.31 Recreation 13.00 78.80 85.49 99.43 114.25 Transport 11.00 66.68 72.34 84.13 96.67 Agri & W. body 5.00 30.31 32.88 38.24 43.94 TOTAL 100.00 606.14 657.63 764.85 878.83 Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 105 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
5.9.2 Waraseoni agglomeration
The Waraseoni town is spreading in all directions. The urban sprawl has already been started outside of Waraseoni city limits, along the radial roads and different corridors such as Balaghat Road, Rampayali Road etc. As per the current situation, the nearby villages/towns have virtually become part of Waraseoni city in terms of economic, amenities dependency and for other facilities. (Refer to Map). The Planning area for CDP 2035 will contain the villages falling under Waraseoni agglomeration. The land‐use pattern of agglomeration area shows the land availability for various uses. Table 5.16 Villages under Waraseoni Agglomeration S.N. Village name Total Forest Agriculture land Urbanisable (ha) Cultural AREA (Ha) land Irrigated by source (ha) waste developed land land (ha) 1 Mehandiwada 557.52 398.23 21.33 21.74 116.22 2 Murzad 433 ‐‐ 219.22 105.57 60.15 48.06 3 Wara 649.42 ‐‐ 365.52 109.93 108.33 65.64 4 Madnapur 347.78 ‐‐ 239.98 58.5 3.76 34.78 5 Khandwa 619.51 10.76 188.38 294.22 53.54 83.37 6 Khapa 1113.27 ‐‐ 376.34 197.53 86.11 7 Sikandara 669.7 225.69 523.34 43.73 32.92 69.71 8 Koste 746.67 ‐‐ 554.02 76.09 28.69 56.09 9 Tumadi 426.27 31.78 321.19 17.47 6.43 81.18 10 Sarandi 396.82 ‐‐ 127.97 176.17 44.73 47.95 11 Kayadi 1163.3 121.09 370.32 330.42 62.23 279.28 Total 7123.3 389.32 3535.77 1609.77 620.05 968.39 227.6 (Source: census 2001) 5.10 KEY ISSUE
1. The backlog of housing is also a cause of concern. Around 9401 housing units are in short in 2010 as per the current demand. With the growing trend of the city and as per vision mission, it would be expected to have a rise in number of tourists and people coming to the city for short term and long term stay. As the Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 106 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
commercial/trading/ educational/handicraft/medical activity would be increased, lodging spaces like yatri nivas etc. would also be required to cater the demand. 2. The general development control regulations are not strictly enforced. There is a rise in commercial activities and unauthorized residential colonies in the city. 3. There is a pressure on city’s infrastructure system from the surrounding areas that rely on the city for socio‐economic as well as other services. About population of 5000 persons form floating population daily. 4. Non‐ conformity of Land Uses with traffic and transport pattern. 5.11 SECTOR SPECIFIC STRATEGY
1. Introduction of apartment building practices will ease the problem of construction of new housing stock to comply the housing demand. 2. Incentives as per govt. policy will be given for total FDI in housing sector. 3. Information of Govt. regulation for construction of low‐cost housing as a part of housing layout by private players will be stressed to cater the growing demand of economic weaker section. 4. Regularization of illegal colonies. 5. Core city development a. Prepare traffic management proposals to rationalize parking and traffic movement, with the objective of maximizing space that can be used by pedestrians and for events. By providing increased parking in adjacent areas, it is proposed to remove parking from the core area, with the possible exception of some limited provision for those with disabilities. Opportunities to access the Co‐op car parking from Station side should be considered to allow through movements. b. It is proposed that high quality toilet facilities be incorporated in the development to replace the existing provision. 6. Implementation of Zero‐carbon development policy a. DESIGN OF BUILDINGS using vernacular architecture methods and narrow pedestrian streets, small windows and white‐painted facades to help keep temperatures down, an extensive network of green space as small‐scale green space that has more obvious role to play in regulating the urban heat island (UHI) effect around its immediate surroundings. Small‐scale green spaces make a big difference to surface temperatures – private gardens and small parks, combined with the Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 107 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
three‐dimensional green infrastructure, including larger‐canopy trees, can significantly reduce surface temperatures in their immediate surroundings, even though their impact may be less discernable at a city‐wide scale. b. All new buildings must meet strict minimum energy efficiency parameters as part of the definition of ‘zero carbon’, both in terms of the building design and appliances. c. All new buildings should seek to mitigate predicted carbon emissions from all energy uses via on‐ or near‐site solutions. Where this is not possible, a minimum level of carbon mitigation must be required (e.g. 100% regulated energy) on‐ or near‐site. 7. Green building policy formulation High density residential and city centre locations have average maximums of around 12.8°C warmer than green spaces today, but are expected to be nearly 14°C warmer by the 2080s. Low‐
density residential areas will be around 7°C cooler than high‐density areas. Hence, low density will be maintained for higher results. Adding just 10% to the existing green cover of high‐density areas can keep maximum surface temperatures below today’s levels up to around the 2080s. On the other hand, reducing green cover by 10% will see a dramatic increase of over 8°C (under a high emissions scenario) in high‐density area maximums compared with today’s temperatures. 8. Use of non‐conventional energy Some of the most effective mitigation measures include using renewable energy, district heating and cooling networks to improve the efficiency of energy supply; promoting walking, cycling and public transport over private cars; and increasing the energy efficiency of buildings. Conventional wisdom holds that such measures require far higher urban densities than have been the norm for new building until more recently. For example, appropriate use of high densities can make public transport, walking and cycling more viable options. Similarly, communal heating and cooling networks need to supply dwellings built to a minimum density of 30 dwellings or 100 people per hectare to be viable in cost and efficiency terms. The CDP2035 aims to convert conventional energy use to con‐conventional energy by the end of the CDP planning period of 25years. For achieving aim following policy shall be adopted:‐ a. Increase market awareness of solar energy technology for all sectors. Establish rules and regulations to support healthy solar energy development and markets. Establish a technical training path for worker participation. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 108 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
b. Establish institutional investment and financial incentives in solar energy. Support policies that develop healthy solar energy development and markets. c. Secure the participation of the key regional players in developing solar energy projects and creating a solar energy market. Improve the ability of municipal governments to facilitate the solar energy development. d. Establish the financial incentives necessary to support renewable energy investment. Develop a conceptual model to foster the further development of solar energy technology and economic development in the region. e. Identify an appropriate public‐private agency to implement the strategies outlined in this plan and designate a regional solar energy coordinator. Develop an effective system to measure performance in achieving plan recommendations. f.
It is recommended that up to 16 megawatts (MW) of electric generation capacity, primarily through deployment of solar photovoltaic systems, shall be achieved by 2015. With less than 1 megawatt in place locally, this ramp‐up in solar deployment would only begin to remedy a deficiency when compared to other locales which will be expanding their own capacity over the same time horizon. A detailed master plan shall be prepared to achieve the targets under central energy mission. g. Transform financial barriers into opportunities for solar installations by developing and institutionalizing financing techniques for large‐scale solar energy installations. h. Transform informational barriers into opportunities for solar installations by extending solar energy best practices and outreach to the region. 9. Eco‐development or the development of zero‐carbon standard on city level will be implemented for all developments with the latest green technologies. The building regulations for new and existing buildings will be reformed by detailed study to include byelaws for ecological sustainable developments like ‐ adoption of new technologies. The innovative approaches include underground systems for waste recycling and planting and harvesting woodland around the eco‐
houses /townships to provide biomass‐fuelled energy and installation of micro wind turbines and solar panels. 1. The new building regulations will also include use of solar and wind energy for all type of buildings. Energy requirements, plus surplus energy for export, will be expected to meet by a Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 109 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
variety of low‐carbon sources – including solar thermal, solar photovoltaic’s, ground and air‐
source heat pumps, and Homes and businesses will recycle much of the water falling on the eco‐
townships, and will achieve a 60% recycling rate for waste and materials. Design standards for housing will limit energy use for space heating and cooling to less than 15kWh/m2/yr. 2. Advanced thermal treatment of biomass from dedicated energy crops, crop residues such as straw and solid recovered fuel. This combination of sources could produce up to 100,000MWh of energy a year, of which 64,000MWh will be used within the community. 3. Development of Barrier Free Environment The regulation of barrier free environment published by Government of India will form the base guide rule to develop city as “barrier free environmental development”. The disabilities which have been considered while preparing the guidelines for barrier free built environment are broadly classified under four categories:‐ 1. Non‐Ambulatory: Impairments that, regardless of cause or manifestation, for all practical purposes, confine individuals to wheel & chairs. 2. Semi‐Ambulatory: Impairments that cause individuals to walk with difficulty or insecurity. Individual using braces or crutches, amputees, arthritics, spastics &those with pulmonary & cardiac ills may be semi‐ambulatory. 3. Sight: Total blindness or impairments affecting sight to the extent that the individual functioning in public areas is insecure or exposed to danger. 4. Hearing: Deafness or hearing handicaps that might make an individual insecure in public areas because he is unable to communicate or hear warning signals. 13. Implementation policy The joint effort of Government and private investors by forming a joint group for R&D that will be able to draw on the considerable work done by the expert groups to inform its expected consultation on the definition of ‘zero carbon’ in the summer and that the many additional areas of work identified along the way could provide input into the proposed Zero Carbon Delivery Vehicle to ensure it can fulfill its ambition of setting the course for the successful implementation of this policy. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 110 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
Chapter 6 CITY INFRASTRUCTURE
The infrastructure profile refers to the current state of infrastructure and utility systems in the city. It indicates the adequacy of infrastructural services in terms of coverage, quantity, and quality, and attempts to identify the factors responsible for inadequate development of infrastructural services. It measures the gap between demand and supply of different infrastructural services, and examines the factors that explain the gap. The most important aspect of the analysis lies in recognition of the fact that inadequate access to infrastructure is a key constraint to development. This section deals the quality of urban services under physical infrastructure. The infrastructure covered in this section includes water supply, sewerage and sanitation, storm water drainage, solid waste management, street lighting, roads and public transport. 6.1
WATER SUPPLY
6.1.1 Water Sources in Waraseoni city
The main water sources for water supply to Waraseoni town, is through Wainganga River. Wainganga River is located at 15 km from Waraseoni city. It is a perennial river. The Chandan River forming boundary of Waraseoni town is not a reliable source of water as it is normally dry in season other than monsoon. There are other local sources such as wells and bore wells. The sources of water, besides river source, are 109 Tube wells with Hand pumps and 8 wells with submersible pump, which also serve the population for drinking water requirement to some locations. As per guidelines of CPHEEO, the ground water sources like tube wells and hand pumps cannot be considered as sustainable water resource. These sources can be utilized for short period demand but cannot be considered dependable and economical for a long term water supply scheme. The existing water treatment plant, located near Wainganga River, has a capacity of 0.18 MLD for chlorination only. No scientific treatment is applied. An augmentation of water supply and distribution project has been submitted under UIDSSMT for the planning period of 2040. In the proposed project, a new water treatment plant is planned of capacity 7.00 MLD for an ultimate year i.e. 2040. 6.1.2 Existing Water Supply Scheme in Waraseoni city
The existing distribution system consisting of 80mm to 300mm dia A.C. and C.I. of 10 km. length which was laid in 1977 and 3 Km length was laid in 2005. There are two ESR of capacity 1.80 and 4.50 Lacs Ltr. Near bus stand and near Tahsil Office respectively. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 111 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
Table 5.1 DETAILS OF ELEVATED SERVICE RESERVOIR (ESR) Location of overhead tank No. Capacity in Mld Near Bus Stand 1 0.18 Near Tahsil Office 1 0.45 TOTAL 2 0.63 Source : Water Supply Project, Waraseoni At present the daily supply of drinking water is 70 lpcd and in the months of summer water is also supplied by water tankers. The drinking water is supplied for 2hrs. daily. The population coverage is approximately 70 percent with about 2014 water supply connections. The domestic connections are 1727 and non‐domestic 287. The tariff is 50Rs/month and 100Rs/month for domestic and non‐domestic connections respectively. There is no metered connection in the city. It is estimated that transmission and distribution losses because of faulty and damaged distribution system account for 30 percent of the total supply. Studies are required to check these figures and also amount of water unaccounted for. Although rehabilitation of old pipelines has been taken up during the past five years, the problem of low pressure in water supply persists due to the existence of an old network especially in central zone. Increasing population has also added to the already existing woes. Apart from these, the use of GI pipes for household connections leads to leakage and contamination of water in several areas of the council, further increasing the maintenance cost. Inconsistency in water supply timings, though reduced drastically, still persists and wastage of water at the consumer level has been increasing. All the 1727 connections are being non metered, distribution losses are bound to increase, as also the unaccounted loss of water. 6.1.3 Proposed schemes for Waraseoni city
With the growing demand, there arises a need for augmenting the sources and renew the distribution system. The overall net treated water demand for the Waraseoni city for the years 2011, 2025 and 2040 is 4.6 MLD, 5.6 MLD and 7.0 MLD respectively (excluding losses as per the water supply master plan, MCW). There is a proposed water treatment plant of capacity 7.00 mld. This capacity would be sufficient for the population of Waraseoni town upto year 2040. The required standard water supply is 155 LPCD (135 LPCD + 15% UFW). 1 Nos. of elevated service Reservoirs is also proposed. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 112 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
For major networks in the area, terminal nodal pressure of 15 kg/cm2 for (G+1) level and 18 kg/cm2 for (G+2) level has been considered for design purpose to allow for about 8 meters head loss in the ferrules, society pipelines & other branch pipelines for the year 2040. There is proposed distribution system, consisting of 100mm dia to 300 mm C.I. La class pipe of 30 km. 6.1.3.1 Proposal submitted to Govt. under UIDSSMT for Augmentation of Water Supply in Waraseoni city 1. Source : Lifting of water from Wainganga River (4.4 Km) 2. Raw water pumping : C.C.: 80 HP‐2 Nos with 1 No. Standby. Machinery & pump house Pump house at Source is existing. 3. Raw water rising /Gravity : 1. Pumping main from Wainganga to T.P. 4.4 Kms 300 mm dia DI K‐9 pipe. 4. Water Treatment Plant : 7.00 MLD Treatment Plant at land near Existing Treatment Plant : Existing. : 200 mm dia DI K‐9, 8.5 km 5. Pure water sump 6. Pure water gravity main 7. Elevated Service Reservoir (ESR) : 1 No. 10.00 Lac Ltrs 8. Distribution System : 1. 100mm CI LA Pipe – 22758 m. 2. 150mm CI LA Pipe – 4512 m. 3. 200mm CI LA Pipe – 2802 m. 9. Cost of Proposed Scheme : Rs. 809.60 Lacs 10. Maintenance Agency : Municipal Council, Waraseoni 6.1.4 Existing Status of Water Supply in Agglomeration Area
The sources for drinking water supply in the agglomeration area are well, tube well and hand pumps. These are ground water sources that can not considered as sustainable source for long term planning. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 113 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
Table 6.2 Drinking water sources in agglomeration area Sr. no Name of Drinking Water supply villages 1 Mehandiwada Well, Tube Well, Hand Pump 2 Murzad Well ,Hand Pump 3 Wara Well ,Hand Pump 4 Madnapur Well ,Hand Pump 5 Khandwa Well ,Hand Pump 6 Khapa Well ,Hand Pump 7 Sikandara Well ,Hand Pump 8 Koste Well ,Hand Pump 9 Tumadi Well ,Hand Pump 10 Sarandi Well ,Hand Pump 11 Kayadi Well, Tube Well, Hand Pump Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 114 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
6.1.5 Comparative analysis with the UDPFI, CPHEEO guidelines
Table 6.3 DEMAND ‐ SUPPLY ‐ GAP FOR WATER SUPPLY Current / Desired level Service head
Indicator Service levels, Demand and Gap Current level Desired level Unit
as per UDPFI Existing Year 2015
Year 2025
Year 2035
(2009) guidelines Daily supply Demand
Per capita supply
Gap
Demand
Gap
Gap 59601 65763 Mld 3.58 8.88 5.30 10.33 1.45 11.86 1.54 100% Mld 0 8.88 8.88 10.33 1.45 11.86 1.54 85% Km 13 18 5.00 22 4.00 30 8.00 33% ML 0.63 2.93 2.30 3.41 0.48 3.92 0.51 0 KM Km 0 0 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 Projected population 60 lpcd 135 lpcd 76485 Demand
87883 Treatment capacity against Treatment supply 0 Distribution network length Distribution against network length E.S.R. E.S.R. capacity road 38% capacity w.r.t. supply 48% Refurbishment of old distribution network Creative Circle, Nagpur 0 Page 115 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
An augmentation of water supply and distribution project in accordance with UDPFI and CPHHEO guidelines has been submitted under UIDSSMT for the planning period of 2040. In the proposed project, a new water treatment plant is planned of capacity 7.00 MLD for an ultimate year and a distribution system for entire Waraseoni M.C. for projected period upto 2040. 6.1.6 SWOT analysis
6.1.6.1 Strength
1.
Large quantity of availability of water all year round in the perennial Wainganga River. 2.
Water quality available is under recommended level of PCB guidelines. 6.1.6.2 Weakness
1.
Existing infrastructure like ESR etc. are at deteriorating conditions. 2.
The agglomeration lacks in the water supply quantity. 3. A large percentage of population depend on ground water like tube wells etc. for water supply especially in agglomeration area. 4. No drinking water treatment plant exists in agglomeration. 5. Present per capita water supply is much below the national standards. 6. Poor cost recovery is the major policy issue to be addressed immediately. 7. Leakage and contamination of water at household connections. 8. Wastage of water at consumer level is increasing due to intermittent water supply. 9. The existing water treatment plant is of not sufficient capacity for the future demand. 6.1.6.3 Opportunity
1. The application of 24x7 water supply can be taken up, as the river as source of raw water is available. 2. The project for augmentation of water supply for existing municipal limits is submitted to state govt. 3. Second and third crop can be taken up which will give economic boos to city. 6.1.6.4 Threat
1. Drinking water supply by the recommended standard can result into water wastage. 2. System losses and unaccounted losses can result into revenue loss. 3. Water wastage can cause problems of collected water at pot holes that also increases the menace of mosquitoes. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 116 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
6.1.7 Issues
1. System (transmission and distribution) losses and unaccounted loss of water. 2. Pollution of river water behind the weir by adjacent villages. 3. No drinking water treatment plant exists in agglomeration. 4. Present per capita water supply is much below the national standards. 5. The use of ground water for drinking water supply reduces the ground water table. 6. Poor cost recovery is the major policy issue to be addressed immediately. 7. Leakage and contamination of water at household connections. 8. Wastage of water at consumer level is increasing due to intermittent water supply. 9. Unacceptable source of ground water. 10. Augmentation of water supply scheme for existing boundary needs political push for sanctioning. 11. Need for preparation of new water supply scheme for agglomeration. 6.1.8 Sector specific strategy
1. Persuasion of project of augmentation of water supply for existing municipal limit at state level for sanctioning is to be taken as urgent measures. Submission of new water supply scheme for the agglomeration area shall be taken up. The entire system shall be augmented and structured in a sustained process. 2. Implementation of water supply scheme at 24x7 basis to get benefits:‐ i.
Consistent pressure and quantity of water at all the times will result into less chances of leakage and contamination of water. ii. Less chances of outbreak of water‐borne diseases. iii. Wastage of water is reduced at consumer level. iv. Higher satisfaction of consumers. v. Prevention of breeding of mosquitoes. vi. Modernisation of existing infrastructure of water supply : vii. Implementation of GIS for monitoring of faults, leakages and tax collections viii. On‐line ultrasonic flow meters on all the transmission mains ix. Accurate measurement of water being supplied and water auditing x. Monitor and control of pumping operations. 3. Water auditing will be taken up to reduce system losses and to make the entire supply of water accountable, including leak detection studies, quantity and quality of water drawn at the consumers end and explore ways and means for effective water supply system. 4. For institutional strengthening and capacity building, officers of PHE department shall undergo training in system operation, monitoring and evaluation. Efforts shall be taken up to educate people to conserve water. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 117 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
5. Domestic and irrigation WATER MANAGEMENT Adaptation of ways of water management by planning and developing strategies to manage water supply and related infrastructure to: 1. » Improve water use efficiency. 2. » Implement national water metering standards. 3. » Provide advice on water trading and regulatory frameworks. 4. » Manage the impacts of water trading between urban and rural communities. 5. » Plan, design and implement changes to infrastructure, including the development of asset management strategies and plans. 6. » individual stakeholders and governments to implement compliance audits and progress assessments for water accounting under the National Water Initiative. 7. » Plan and manage the ruse of urban effluent for irrigation and protection of waterways and then environment. 6.2 SEWERAGE AND SANITATION
6.2.1 Existing Sewerage System
Waraseoni city does not have underground sewerage pipe line. The households depend upon Septic Tanks for disposal of sewage. There are several toilets built by MCW for slums whose sewage disposal is directly attached to Nallahs (streams). Several parts of the town still rely on the Janitors picking sewage from households, which is a very undesirable situation. In time of rainy season, the open drains carrying excreta get overflow and pollute the area around. Also, the quality of water on the downstream of Wainganga River has got highly affected due to the waste and sewage flowing into the river. There are a very few public toilet units which can be counted on finger tips (3 nos), comprising a total of 31 seats. MCW maintains these public toilets. The primary drainage network of Waraseoni Town comprises six natural drains, during monsoons, the low‐lying area like jai‐sthambh chowk and Nehru chowk often get flooded. Eventually discharge of the town's rainwater is into River. The situation in the agglomeration area is much worse. The kuccha roads and no drainage system makes filthy situation in monsoon, giving rise to various diseases. The sewage from municipal waste water is having BOD as high as 200mg/l. The large quantum of organic load flows every day in water course due to non existence of sewerage system. It also causes nuisance and health hazards. It contaminates surface and ground water and poses foul conditions in town and in low lying areas. At many junctions, it is observed that water supply lines and water supply to house Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 118 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
connection pipe cross the open drains carrying the excreta matter. Any joint leakage or damage of pipe would lead to contamination of drinking water and spread of epidemic. 6.2.2 Means of Sewage Disposal
Around 46% of residents use septic tank or soak pit for sewage disposal in the city area while this is almost reduced to half in case of agglomeration area. Rest of the houses disposes the waste water directly to the open drains. Through the drains/nalahs the waste water flows to the lakes and river of the city and agglomeration area. 6.2.3 Household Toilets (Dry Latrines and Flush Latrines)
As per census the existing toilets in the Waraseoni city is given in table5.4. There are only five public toilets in the city. Table 6.4 Numbers of Latrines Water Borne Service Others 663 ‐‐‐ 585 6.2.4 Demand Supply Assessment and Comparative Analysis
Table 6.5 Demand Supply Gap analysis FOR SEWERAGE SYSTEM DEMAND SUPPLY GAP FOR SEWERAGE SYSTEM Service head Current / Desired level Indicator Service levels, Demand and Gap Current Desired level level Unit
as per UDPFI Existing Year 2015
Year 2025 Year 2035
(2009) guidelines Projected population 59601 65763 80% Km 0 16 100% MLD 0 7.10 Collection length coverage against road 0% /Collection system length System Treatment Demand Gap Demand Gap Demand Gap Treatment capacity supply against 0% 76485 16 21 7.1
0 8.26 87883 5 29 1.16 9.49 8 1.23 Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 119 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
6.2.5 SWOT analysis
6.2.5.1 Strength
1. The sparsely development character of city will prove to be a help in laying the sewer system. 2. There is willing among residents to take up project for their benefit. 3. The ground water is not contaminated by sewer. 6.2.5.2 Weakness
1. Ever increasing sewerage generation due to rapid urbanization is creating more problems of maintenance and hygienic nature. 2. Less coverage of population by septic tanks. 3. The waste water is flowing currently into lakes in the city. 4. Mosquito menace and pigs pose problem to health aspect. 5. The congested core city area has narrow road network that can prove to be a hurdle in implementation. 6.2.5.3 Opportunit
1. Utilisation of treated waste water for irrigation, rain water harvesting and plantations. 2. Availability of river on both the ends of the city to flush out treated water in monsoon season. 6.2.5.4 Threat
1. Area around STP may lose its current market value. 6.2.6 Key Issues: Sewage System
1. Ever increasing sewerage generation due to rapid urbanization is creating more problems of maintenance and hygienic nature. 2. Mixing of sewerage water and storm water is a major issue. 3. Less coverage of population by septic tanks. 4. The unmanageable status of sewage creates problem like mosquito breeding, flies and pig menace. 5. The existing situation of Poor sewerage flow is a major concern, due to its adverse impacts on public health and on public resources. 6. There is urgent need for underground sewerage system for core city and extended limit. The project of extended limit is required to be prepared for better utility services. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 120 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
6.2.7 Sector specific Strategies
1. Persuasion of project of augmentation of water supply for existing municipal limit at state level for sanctioning is to be taken as urgent measures. Submission of new water supply scheme for the agglomeration area is needed. The entire system shall be structured in a sustained process. 2. Implementation of project within a time frame of three years. The selection of STP will be done to get treated water within the prescribed limits of PCB. 3. Utilisation of treated waste water for irrigation, rain water harvesting and plantations. 4. Heavy Plantation will be done around STP to stop the foil smell. The preferred plantation shall be of NEEM to purify the air around. 5. The sewer tax will be completed with water supply and connection charges shall be a drive towards cost recovery. 6. A Small‐Daimeter‐Gravity‐Sewer system shall be proposed for intermediate year. The details are given in Annexure D. 6.3
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
6.3.1 Existing condition of Waste generation and Collection
Presently the solid waste management practices in the city are not satisfactory. Practically no storage of waste is done at source. Domestic, commercial and Institutional wastes are thrown on the near natural drains, open spaces, low lying areas and in few water bodies. Recyclable waste is not generated at source. Along the domestic waste construction and demolition wastes are also deposited near open space causing nuisance. 6.3.2 Current Practices, Waste Storage, Segregation and Collection
The primary collection system is unorganized. The dust bins provided in the town are less in numbers and the waste collected in the bins can be seen spilled over at some places. Most of the bins are cleared every day. Street sweeping is carried out regularly. The tools used for street sweeping are inefficient and outdated. The whole condition is unhygienic. Transportation is done through a variety of vehicles ranging from hand carts, three wheelers, and tractor trolleys. These transport vehicles are loaded manually. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 121 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
6.3.3 Collection mechanism
The total number of waste collection bins is 25. These are mainly with a capacity of 0.3 tonnes (1.0 cu. m)/ dustbin and cover the entire population of the city. The spacing between waste storage depots is about 100m. The staff machinery: At present there are 67 sweepers engaged in the collection of waste across the city. Of the total waste collected, the council manages 99 percent i.e., 3.0 tons/day while the rest is collected by rag pickers. 6.3.4 Processing and Disposal
No processing is done in the town. Disposal is done in most unsatisfactory way at Sarandi site, sanctioned for solid waste disposal. Crude open dumping is adopted for disposal. The waste is also disposed near natural drains. Institutional arrangements are not efficient and no community involvement is present. 6.3.5 Solid Waste Generation Details
Every day, Waraseoni generates 250 gms per capita per day of waste amounting to roughly 14.9 metric tons. This is collected by MCW. About 65 percent of the waste generated every day is contributed by households, shops and other commercial establishments. Just over 30 percent of the total waste generated is recyclable. This comprises of paper, plastic, metal, brick stone and glass primarily. Combustible waste accounts for 22.75 percent of the total and organic waste is nearly 42 percent. The constitution and amount of waste is given in table 5.6. Table 6.6 sources and amount of waste collection. S.N. Source Collection 1 Domestic Waste 4.8 MT 2 Vegetable Waste 0.4 MT 3 Meat Market and bail bazaar Waste 1.7 MT 4 Hospital Waste 0.12 MT 5 Hotel / Restaurant Waste 0.48 MT 6.3.6 Means of Disposal
The Waraseoni Municipal Council has been efficient in collecting the solid waste from all over the city and maintaining cleanliness. The need of the day is maintenance of the system in an efficient manner. For this purpose, it is required that the collection and disposal system be upgraded. To cater to the needs of the population in 2011 and 2025, when 15.0 MT and 19.12 MT of solid waste is expected to be generated everyday in the city, additional containers, collection and transportation vehicles, waste storage and transfer stations, and infrastructure at the new waste disposal site at Sarandi are the immediate requirements. As part of augmentation of the system, a new fleet of vehicles should be obtained from 20010‐11, till which time the existing fleet is deemed sustainable. Waste storage and transfer stations should also be added from the year 20010‐11. A waste segregation system also should be installed at a later stage in all the storage and transfer stations. Infrastructure at the Sarandi waste disposal site is to be provided by 2011. Creative Circle, Nagpur Page 123 CDP Waraseoni, Madhya Pradesh
6.3.7 Comparative analysis with the UDPFI, CPHEEO guidelines
Table 6.7 Demand Supply Assessment and Comparative Analysis DEMAND‐SUPPLY‐GAP FOR SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
Service head
Current / Desired level
Indicator Service levels, Demand and Gap
Current level
Desired level as Unit
Existing (2009) Year 2015
Year 2025
Year 2035
Demand Gap
Demand Gap
Demand Gap
Projected population
59601 65763
76485
87883
250 MT 14.9 16.44 13.44 19.12 2.68 21.97 2.85 per guidelines Waste generation UDPFI Per capita generation waste 250.00 Waste collection Collection performance 19% 100% MT 2.85 16.44 13.59 19.12 2.68 21.97 2.85 Vehicle utilisation Trips / vehicle per day 2.5 Nos. 2 Primary collection
Nos. of Hand carts Nos.
0 132.00
132.00 153.00
21.00 176.00
23.00
Container bins (4.5 cum capacity 2.25 MT) Nos. 1 7.00 6.00 8.00 1.00 10.00 2.00 Nos.
25.00 33.00
0.00
38.00
5.00
44.00
6.00
Nos. 0.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 0.00 5.00 1.00 Waste transportation Vehicle requirement (Tractor + trolley) 2 tonne capacity Nos. 2 3.00 1.00 5.00 2.00 5.00 0.00 Acre
15 3.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Secondary collection Dust bins (500 kg capacity )
Dual loaded dumper placers (4.5 Cum)
Landfill sites Disposal Landfill infrastructure
67%
Tonnes/day
0 2.01
2.01
3.35
1.34
3.35
0.00
Composting infrastructure
33%
Tonnes/day
0 0.99
0.99
1.65
0.66
1.65
0.00
90 Person Seat 5 X 10 Seated 407 =50 Slums / Sanitation / Slum population /seat of 324 Public conveniences public convenience Creative Circle, Nagpur 900.00 526 119.00 652 127.00
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6.3.8 SWOT analysis
6.3.8.1 Strength
1. The solid waste produce in the city is less than standard calculation for the size of city. 2. The site for solid waste segregation and decompose is finalized at Sarandi village. 6.3.8.2 Weakness
1. Lack of effective technology for scientific disposal of solid as well as bio‐medical waste. 2. Absence of proper disposal of waste by segregation. 3. Lack of proper collection of garbage from houses, dust bins and transfer stations. 4. Lack of vehicles for Transportation of solid waste. 5. Improper dumping and treatment of waste from slaughter houses create pollution, which require an immediate attention. 6. Street sweeping is not done regularly. The tools used for sweeping area outdated and inefficient. 7. At present there is no door‐to‐door collection. There are no initiatives taken for segregation of waste at source including awareness generation through pamphlets. 6.3.8.3 Opportunity
1. The solid waste can be used for reuse purpose like compost, etc. 2. The technique of waste to energy can be applied. 6.3.8.4 Threat
1. The unmanaged solid waste poses the problem of pigs and mosquito menace. 2. The problem of waste management increase during monsoon and it causes diseases spread. 6.3.9 Key Issues: Solid Waste Management
1. Need for proper solid waste management scheme and Proper policy of solid waste collection and disposal. The scheme would be such to run self supportively. Proper policy of solid waste management would also help in providing employment opportunity to people. 2. Lack of effective technology for scientific disposal of solid as well as bio‐medical waste. 3. Absence of proper disposal of waste by segregation. 4. Required an urgent action for the preparation of proper segregation of the waste and landfill site. 5. Lack of proper collection of garbage from houses, dust bins and transfer stations. 6. Lack of vehicles for Transportation of solid waste. 7. The existing deficiency of a proper landfill site, improper dumping and treatment of waste from slaughter houses create pollution, which require an immediate attention. With the passage of time, the problem takes a gigantic form and becomes impossible to handle and create problems of modern life. 8. Improper dumping and treatment of waste from slaughter houses create pollution, which require an immediate attention. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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9. Street sweeping is not done regularly. The tools used for sweeping area outdated and inefficient. 10. At present there is no door‐to‐door collection. There are no initiatives taken for segregation of waste at source including awareness generation through pamphlets. 6.3.10 Sector specific strategies
1. Private sector participation shall be involved for solid waste management. Incentives shall be introduced from improved performance. Awareness campaigns shall be taken up in all housing sectors through media about waste minimisation, source segregation, healthy ways of storage at source and reuse. 2. Source segregation of solid waste will be practiced. It shall be introduced in the housing colony of high income group and effectively increased and practised in other colonies. 3. The policy of collection, segregation, and recycling and income generation shall be formed after proper study of the city’s character. Waste material from demolition sites such as timber, masonry and other processable wastes shall be diverted to the transfer stations and reused. 4. A GIS system shall be developed regarding the existing locations of collection facilities, character of neighbourhood being served by each container, the total amount of waste generated, etc. this will help in proper monitoring and effective functioning. 5. A detailed project shall be prepared for the requirements like positioning of collection spots, machinery required etc. 6. Private sector participation shall be involved for solid waste management. Incentives shall be introduced for improved performance. A single agency can be awarded work of solid management of Waraseoni, Balaghat and Malajkhand as the three twons area located close by and the total solid waste generation can form a good quantity for putting up a plant for energy from waste. 6.4 DRAINAGE SYSTEM
6.4.1 Existing Condition
At present there is no planned storm water drainage system exist in the city. Rain water is flowing through road side surface or open drains results damage of road surfaces. These open drains get chocked up because of garbage dumping and over flooded in rainy season create unhygienic condition. 45% of the city is covered with a storm water drainage network, but well built leader lines to support the natural system are lacking in most parts of the town except in the well‐developed areas. During monsoons, the low‐lying area like jai‐sthambh chowk and Nehru chowk often get flooded. Solid waste is also dumped into the natural drains of the city in many areas near the slums. Due to this, the city witnesses frequent flooding of roads during the monsoon. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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The city has the advantage of a good natural drainage pattern, which is not, unfortunately, exploited properly. Silting and constriction due to encroachments by the poor on the banks have interrupted the flow of wastewater and storm waters, thus, causing them to spill into neighboring areas. Never has there been an attempt to de‐silt and clean the natural drains of the city. The open storm water drains are in a similar condition, with sewerage waters getting mixed with them at places. The area outside Municipal Council does not have storm water drainage system 6.4.2 Natural Drains
The gentle slope of the city has greatly aided in the natural storm water drainage. Generally, the storm water flows through un‐built open surface drains and joins the nearby nalahs or the River Chandan. These drains discharge storm water in to the River Chandan at several locations of the municipal Council. The storm Water outlets provide backwater entry to the floodwaters of River Chandan and thereby caused temporary flooding of areas from which they carry out storm water. Hence, it is necessary to provide flood protection gates at the outlets of storm water drains. In normal status, these gates should be kept open, but at the time of heavy floods in the River Chandan, these gates shall be closed to prevent the entry of floodwater in to the city. 6.4.3 Means of drainage
The open drains of the city are about 14 Kms which amount to only 45 percent of the total length of surfaced roads. The natural drains have a length of 36.7 Kms. and River length is 12.8 kms. The general slope of the topography is towards south‐west i.e. towards Chandan River. Refer map: Table No. 6.8 Length of Natural drains and River S.N. Area Length of Natural Length of River (Km) Drains (Km) 1 Waraseoni City 12.6 5.34 2 Agglomeration 24.1 7.46 TOTAL 36.7 12.8 6.4.4 Flood-Prone Areas
Major flood‐prone areas are the low‐lying area like jai‐sthambh chowk and Nehru chowk often get flooded in monsoon. The monsoon in the region is seasonal and is active between the months of June to September. Silting and constriction due to encroachments by the poor on the banks have interrupted the flow of wastewater and storm waters, thus, causing them to spill into neighboring areas. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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6.4.5 Demand Supply Assessment and Comparative Analysis
Table 6.9 DEMAND‐SUPPLY‐GAP FOR STORM WATER DRAINAGE Service head Current / Desired level Indicator Current level Service levels, Demand and Gap Desired level as per Unit UDPFI guidelines Projected population Road Newtwork reach covered Existing Year 2015 Year 2025 Year 2035 (2009) Demand Gap Demand Gap Demand Gap 59601 65763 76485 87883 length with 0.00 100% Km 0.00 63.13 63.13 73.43 10.29 84.37 11 drains (%) Network ‐ type Kutcha open (%) 0% Km 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Pucca open (%) 0% Km 14.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 45.00% 0.00% Pucca closed (%) Total network length Augmentation/ Improvements 0% Up‐gradation of Pucca open to pucca closed
Km Km Km 63.13
0.00 63.13 14.00 63.13 10.29
73.43 14.00
10.94 84.37 73.43 84.37 New Pucca open drains Km New Pucca closed drains Km 49.13 10.29 10.94 Desilting & strengthening of Primary Drains Km Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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CDP Waraseoni, M
Madhya Pradesh
6.5 MAJOR
M
W
WATER
B
BODIES
6.5.1 Chandan River
Waraseo
oni city has Chandan River R
as its Southern bo
oundary. The Chandan River rises in Seoni plateau.. The Sonawani hills, occcupying a sm
mall area to tthe north‐eaast of the Waainganga valley in the district has general heeight as abo
out T
area liees above 25
50m from the t
500m. The plains of o the Wain
nganga and its right baank tributaryy the Chand
dan, one of the importaant tributariies. These trributaries risse in the Seo
oni plateau,, and make their way down throu
ugh the ghatts by deep ggorges. The rrivers join th
he Waingangga after a wiinding sandyy course thro
ough the Karola and a Katangi plains. The length of Chandan Rive
er is 57km. The Chandaan takes an easterly course in the beginn
ning but turn
ns to the sou
uth above W
Waraseoni. The streams o
of the area fflow into outh east. Th
he Chandan River flowin
ng at the the Waiinganga in the east and the Chandaan in the so
western
n border of th
he city is a trributary of W
Wainganga River. The conservation off river and beeautification
n of river ban
nks needs a m
master plan for development for tourism and ecologiccal point of vview. 6.5.2
Lakes
of lake/pond exists in Waraseoni are
e 7 at presen
nt. Many of the tanks present in The total number o
the town has now at dyeing stagge, as most of their or filled with earth. Thesse tanks part is eeither dried o
are giveen on lease ffor Fish Farm
ming for a peeriod of 10 yearss. The pon
nds were con
nstructed a couple of ceenturies ago, to cater for irrigation pu
urposes. Affter the ulture to ressidential, thee utility of th
he tank for irrigation i
conversion of surrounding area from agricu
ng, washing clothes, ido
ol immersio
on, trapa ceased. Today the tank is useed for uses like bathin
ng on the frin
nges and cultivation, lotus cultivation, Fish Farming, ggeneral Nistaar, cattle batthing/ grazin
on. The maaximum deptths of lakes have reduce
ed due to siltting. The maain source off water is recreatio
surface runoff and rrain water. H
However, thee sewage waater also inflows from th
he surrounding area. nvironmental problems associated
d with the pond include excesssive weed growth, The en
eutrophication, nutrrient inflow, excessive hu
uman and caattle interven
ntion, trapa aand lotus cultivation, w
quality is very poo
or. High concentration of o macro weakening of bund, sewage infflow. The water ed in this water body dep
picting the e
eutrophic nutrientts like nitratee and phosphate have been observe
Creative
e Circle, Nagpur.
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nature. The pH is in alkaline range which means the high rate of primary production, in other words high degree of pollution. The imitative measure that should be taken to ensure the sustainability requires. As these tanks are within the city limits, the deterioration of these tanks affects the area around. The problems like mosquito breeding, odor and shabby surrounding actually reducing the high potential of the area. 6.5.3 Canal System
From Dhuti dam irrigation water is distributed to Waraseoni and Balaghat town region. An Open canal system is flowing through the city that carries water for irrigation of agriculture farms adjacent to the city boundary. The water for irrigation is distributed on limited bases as the water availability is scares. This scarcity of water for irrigation also limits the crop pattern in the region. 6.5.4 SWOT analysis
6.5.4.1 Strength
1. The city has seven lakes and Chandan River abutting the south‐west boundary. 2. There is willing among residents to take up projects for their benefit. 3. The sparsely development character of city will prove to be a help in laying the drainage system. 4. There is willing among residents to take up project for their benefit. 5. The ground water is not contaminated by drains. 6.5.4.2 Weakness
1. Absence of underground drainage system results into water logging and over flooding of nalahs in the city. Absence of underground drainage system results into water logging and over flooding conditions in the city especially at low‐lying area like jai‐sthambh chowk and Nehru chowk. 2. Ever increasing sewerage generation due to rapid urbanization is creating more problems of maintenance of natural drains and hygienic 3. Less coverage of population by septic tanks results into more waste water to be thrown in the nalahs. De‐silting operations are not been taken up in the existing nalahs/natural drains and ponds. 4. The waste water is flowing currently into lakes through these nalahs in the city. 5. De‐silting operations are not been taken up in the existing nalahs/natural drains and ponds. 6.5.4.3
Opportunity
1. The large number of lakes produces good environmental assets. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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2. The lakes and river banks can be developed for utilisation as picnic and evening spots with rain water harvesting and plantations. 3. Availability of river on both the ends of the city to carryout ground water quenching in monsoon season. 4. Existing nalahs that are flowing through the city and agglomeration area can be integrated to be used as rain water drain. 5. Utilisation of nalahs for carrying treated waste water for irrigation, rain water harvesting and plantations. 6.5.4.4
Threat
1. The disposal of waste water in the lakes and upstream of rivers poses a health threat to downstream villages. 2. Mosquito menace and pigs pose problem to health aspect. 3. Unreachable spots of nalahs prove difficult to manage for cleaning and maintaining. 4. Existing lakes are not constructed with bunding and hence pose threat of soil bulging. 6.5.5 Key Issues: Drainage System and sanitation
1. De‐silting operations are not been taken up in the existing lakes/river. 2. The existing water bodies are getting polluted by the drainage of sewerage water into them. 3. The existing situation of lakes and waste water mixing into them are a major concern, due to its adverse impacts on public health and on public resources. 4. The flood protection scheme of the River Chandan in absent which is necessary to reduce the sudden pressure on the system during emergencies. 5. Water scarcity and need for improved irrigation water use efficiency. 6. Modernization of ageing irrigation infrastructure, with reconfiguration and strengthened water management systems. 7. Water supply and management to satisfy competing demands between agriculture, industry, the environment and natural ecosystems. 8. Environmental water management. 9. Community and stakeholder participation for key decision making to remodel irrigation systems and water demands in response to water scarcity and climate change. 10. Future sustainability by identifying opportunities to simplify facilities and improve system performance. 11. Globalization by using world‐class technology and systems management to enhance competitiveness and deliver cost effective outcomes. 12. The existing nalahs are getting polluted by the drainage of sewerage water into them. 13. Existing nalahs that are flowing through the city and agglomeration area are not integrated. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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14. There is urgent need for storm water system for core city and extended limit with special attention to low lying areas. 6.5.6 Sector specific Strategies
1. Preparation of project of rejuvenation of existing lakes and river is to be taken at urgent matter. The entire system shall be structured in a sustained process. 2. Implementation of project within a time frame of three years. The selection of treating system like green bridge, etc. shall be implemented before connecting the nalahs to lakes or river. 3. De‐silting operations to be taken up in the existing river course and ponds. 4. Making stop dams in the river course to increase water capacity and also to maintain water level. 5. Plantation will be done along lakes and river to stop the foil smell. The preferred plantation shall be of NEEM to purify the air around. 6. The flood protection scheme of the River Chandan is utmost necessary to reduce the sudden pressure on the system during emergencies. 7. Irrigation water management including, irrigation reconfiguration, off‐farm and on‐ farm water use efficiency as well as water accounting, water resource, catchment planning and auditing, and integrated water cycle management. 8. Persuasion of project of storm water for existing municipal limit at state level for sanctioning is to be taken as urgent measures. Submission of new storm water scheme for the agglomeration area is required to be taken immediately. The entire system shall be structured in a sustained process. 9. Utilisation of nalahs for irrigation, rain water harvesting and plantations. 10. Existing nalahs that are flowing through the city and agglomeration area should be integrated to be used as rain water drain. 11. The natural drains flowing into river carrying rainwater and dirt shall be provided with green bridge to restrict the dirt and waste entering into river and treated water shall be disposed in the river , making downstream clear with pollution. 6.6 TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORTATION
6.6.1 Regional Connectivity
There are some major roads coming from Maharashtra, Katangi and other towns/cities cutting across Waraseoni and going towards Balaghat and other towns in Madhya Pradesh. State Highway Number 26 cuts across the town from north to south. Refer Map: road network. The city is not directly connected to other major cities of state and nation, hence so the connectivity to major cities is not very conducive. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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6.6.2 City road network
Waraseoni town is a major center of trade and commerce in the region. It plays an important role in distribution and collection of different commodities like oil, rice, clothes, pulse etc. that are supplied to other towns of the region and state. The movement of traffic and people including floating population (about 5000 persons daily) pose a pressure on the road network of the city. Recent efforts at better management of the road network in the city have resulted in effective widening of the main corridors of the city. 6.6.3 Road classification
The current network of roads in the city comprising asphalt, WBM, concrete and un‐surfaced roads covers 30 m. per sq.km of the council area accounting for a per capita road length of 1.2 m. On an average, the area covered by the present network is around 3.0 percent of the total area of the council. Of this, 61.5 percent of the roads are surfaced. The region is characterized by “sandy soil” and high rainfall. Keeping this in view, MCW has come up with a proposal to change the major arterial road network into a cement concrete road. While nearly 80 percent of the city area is well connected, the rest lacks good linkages. Table 6.10 percentage classification of road type in Waraseoni city S.N. Type of road Length (KM) percentage 1 Tar Road 8.0 61.5% 2 Kutcha Road 5.0 38.5 6.6.4 Existing situation
Waraseoni town is connected with surrounding region with state highway. The state highway 26 is passing through the city. This highway experience the major bye‐pass traffic coming from Katangi, Tumsur and going towards Balaghat, Baiher etc. and Rampayali, Bhandara etc. and vice versa. About 30% of regional traffic is continuously flowing on these roads. Due to spatial expansion of the city a well organized and well planned traffic and transportation services are required. Social, physical and economical activities of any city are depended on circulation pattern and transportation facilities available to them. Waraseoni town is a major center of trade and commerce in the region. It plays an important role in distribution and collection of different commodities like oil, rice, clothes, pulse etc. that are supplied to other towns of the region and state. The movement of traffic and people including floating population (about 5000 persons daily) pose a pressure on the road network of the city. Traffic congestion and parking problem are the major constrains on the growth of the city. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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A town street comprises four components. The first is the pavement, which is a civil engineering element. The second is the traffic that runs on it. The third is the traffic policeman that controls traffic and the fourth is traffic furniture, signage and road markings, most of the elements are missing in the town which is required to be provided. As part of its traffic management initiatives, there is a need to install traffic signals, in consultation with the Traffic Police. The state highway 26, passing through city is encroached and highly congested, forming one of the principal arterial roads of the town. Also it creates a conflict between local traffic and inter‐state truck and Bus traffic. The city faces Major operation and maintenance costs on roads. The city receives intense rainfall during the monsoon. And because of lack of surface of surface drains, after every monsoon, the roads have to be re‐laid, leaving the council with very high operation and maintenance costs. The sandy soil of the region (with its high shrinkage and swelling characteristics) has made the roads with an asphalt/ bituminous top highly susceptible to damages. Encroachments and informal activities on major corridors of the city causing traffic problems. The margins of major roads and the footpaths are encroached upon in several sections by small time street vendors, illegal parking and other informal activities. With no margins left, the extension and widening process of these roads is hampered. 6.6.5 Travel Time Distribution
Apart from those who live in nearby villages and town and work in Waraseoni, rest of the population in Waraseoni does not have to spend more than 20 minutes to reach their workplace. The distance across Waraseoni from fringe area to central part (workplace) is hardly 2.0 to 2.5 kilometers. Even walking to workplace does not take more than 20 minutes. At the same time keeping in mind the projections for the year 2035 and as per five year plan suggestion the distance from workplace to residence is going to increase day by day. Also the development is largely taking place on Balaghat district highways and that too in a linear fashion. Table 6.11 Average Trip Duration sn. Trip Duration (minutes) % Respondents 1 < 15 80 2 15 to 30 20 3 30 to 60 Nil 4 > 60 Nil Total 100.0 (Source: transport department) Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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6.6.6 Traffic Characteristics (Agglomeration +City)
6.6.6.1 Public Transport in Agglomeration
The growth pattern of the city clearly indicates major growth clusters towards the Eastern, Western and Southern peripheral areas. There is improper connectivity in peripheral/agglomeration areas. While the peripheral areas in all direction have grown considerably, the connectivity of these roads with the main corridors is inadequate. The lack of a comprehensive planning outlook for connectivity of agglomeration areas is clearly evident. The road network in the agglomeration area is almost Kuccha. Few internal roads are WBM, but these roads are also not in proper condition. 6.6.6.2 Intermediate Public Transport in City: Low Cost Public Transport system and
Livelihoods
The public transport mode served by private transport operators through mini‐buses and three‐wheeler tempos normally run between nearby township and villages. Population living in these towns and villages and working in Waraseoni only use such a service to reach their work place. 7.5.3.2 Intermediate Public Transport in City: Low Cost Public Transport system and Livelihoods The predominant mode of goods and public transport is the cycle rickshaw. It is reported that there are at least 118 hath thela, 70 cycle rickshaws in Waraseoni. Auto rickshaws also constitute a small portion of the public transport share. Given the nature of cycle rickshaws, that are slow and always obstructing fast moving vehicles, it is easy to suggest that this mode should be phased out. A number of people's livelihood, however, depends on these rickshaws. Cycle Rickshaws are also non‐
polluting in terms of air and noise pollution and hence it would be a good idea to retain them. 6.6.6.3 City level Transport
It is evident from the results of the household survey, that walking is the most preferred mode of travel (47 per cent of households cited walking as their mode of travel). The Waraseoni town mainly relies on private vehicles for transport. These contain two wheelers, three wheelers and four wheelers. Also a number of populations rely on Bicycles as well as walk as transport means. There is no public transport available for town level, whereas the intra town transport buses are available. The total number of registered vehicles is on the increase & almost all types of vehicles, such as mini‐buses, motor cabs, auto rickshaws, cycle rickshaws, Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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motorcycle, cars and jeeps, have registered increasing volumes like four wheelers 213 in 2009. The number of vehicles in the city has gone up from 3000 in 2001 to 5000 in 2009; due to the rapid addition of two wheelers and four‐wheelers. This indicates the economic status of the populace due to the distributed economic growth. Table 6.12 Vehicles in Balaghat district (Source: Regional Transport Office) S.NO. Vehicle Type No of Vehicles registered in 2006 2007 2008 2009 1 Ambulance 1 2 7 3 2 Dumper 1 14 49 79 3 Education Bus 1 1 10 10 4 Goods Carrier Light 57 85 160 78 5 Heavy Goods Carrier 64 40 110 44 6 Cars 98 176 213 272 7 M/ Cycle 5027 4663 7095 7686 8 Omni Bus 25 44 92 94 9 Private Omni 3 2 0 26 10 Public/ Govt. Vehicles 32 24 27 18 11 3 wheelers (transport) 5 12 8 11 12 3 wheelers (passenger) 10 3 1 0 13 Tractors 171 240 325 268 14 Tractors with trolley 164 217 261 207 Total 7665 7530 10366 10805 Total Vehicles registered since 2002 67101 6.6.7
Traffic characteristics in core city area
There are certain roads in the core town area as two‐way traffic corridors. These roads are very narrow and their capacities are further reduced by on‐road parking and significant pedestrian traffic and slow moving vehicles. It needs mention, however, that such initiatives are ad hoc. They do not form part of a comprehensive traffic management plan. In a bid to improve some of the major corridors which have significant commercial land‐use, MCW has identified some road stretches, including intersections, for improvement. Yet, most of the roads in the town do not have footpaths, Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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which forces people to walk on the roads: Movement of people on the roads has led to lower speeds of traffic. There is increased risk of accidents as well. Table6.13 Vehicles in Waraseoni S.NO. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Vehicle Type Ambulance Dumper Education Bus Goods Carrier Light Heavy Goods Carrier Cars M/ Cycle Omni Bus Private Omni Public/ Govt. Vehicles 3 wheelers (transport) 3 wheelers (passenger) Tractors Tractors with trolley Total 2009 1 14 2 20 22 150 3500 1 7 2 5 0 0 31 3755 6.6.8 Accidents in Waraseoni
The number of accidents on the roads of Waraseoni and the resulting casualties has been on the rise during the last decade. This is mainly due to the conflict of Intra‐city traffic to the inner‐city traffic. There is a need for bye pass to be built for the town to reduce this conflict. Mainly accident prone areas are Balaghat road and a road from Katangi passing through the central market area. It is reported that over 50 per cent of the fatal road accidents of Waraseoni involved trucks. As a principle, trucks should be banned on the inner roads during morning and evening peak traffic periods – since there is no by‐pass, intra town traffic goes through the town. Details of accidents occurred during 2001 to 2003 is given in the table 6.14. Table 6.14 Details of Accidents Year Accidents Type Type of vehicles Bus Truck Car/taxi Scooter/motor Others total cycle 2001‐02 Total vehicles 22 58 39 92 45 256 fatal 6 20 5 6 3 80 Injury 35 78 59 82 43 297 25 55 37 64 82 263 2002‐03 Total vehicles Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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With increase in population and trade and commerce, the number of vehicle (public and private) has increased, this has given rise to more traffic and so is the result in increasing accidents rate. By the separation of vehicle (light and heavy), and proper planning of all type of traffic with separate routes the problem can be reduced. The roads need bifurcation; widening and junctions need improved geometry. Agencies in Traffic & Transportation Two type of transport agencies are established in the city, one that is involved in public transport and other in goods transport. There are very few buses of Madhya Pradesh road transport co. involved in public transport. Few buses from Maharashtra State Road Development Corporation (MSRDC) also running for daily public transport. Majority of buses, tempos are of private transportation agencies. 6.6.8.1
Regional Public Transport System
The city is linked with inter‐state and intra‐state bus transport. At present, the city has one bus stands, which is located in the heart of the city. The bus stand does not have proper parking space for buses and for the people coming to drop or pick passengers. The vehicles are parked in an open ground which lacks proper arrangement. This results into congested situation for the people coming for traveling purposes and also for the passersby. This imposes adverse impacts on public behavior and on public tendency to business culture required for further development. Pollution due to buses has also caused environmental degradation as air pollution and sound pollution. Also it has increased chances of road accidents, pollution fatigue and deteriorates social culture. Existing routes and number of buses from bus terminals are :‐ from and to Nagpur, Gondia, Tumsur, Rampayali, Waraseoni, Jabalpur, Seoni, Lalbarra, Bhopal, Mowad Lanji, Raipur , Baihar, Mandla, Katangi etc. Intra‐state buses almost 80 make three trips daily and 50 buses make single trip daily. Inter‐state buses 8 to 10 number make trips to various stations. The growth in the number of buses during last four years is given in table no: 6.15. Table 6.15 Growing number of buses in last years Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 No. of buses 80 90 100 150 (Source: transport department ) Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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6.6.8.2 Regional Goods Transport System
The city has an important place in the region for trading of agriculture, mining and forest produce. The transportation of these goods is done via road transport mainly. A large number of trucks move daily for the purpose to Maharashtra and other states. The maximum number of such traffic is on the route connecting to Raipur, Gondia, Baihar and Seoni. 6.6.9 Parking Requirement
There is no organized on‐street and off‐street marked parking arrangements in any of the commercial areas of the town. Most of the core market areas of the town are characterized by narrow roads with a high proportion of pedestrian and slow moving traffic. The capacity of the roads is further reduced by vehicles parked on the roadsides. Table 6.16 area required under parking for commercial centers Commercial Commercial area Population served Area required for commercial centers Sqm. Area per thousand persons 2010 2015 2025 2035 Population 60614 65763 76485 87883 Area in Sqm 181842 197289 1.67 ECS/100 Parking Sqm 37960 41184 Parking in % of commercial area 21 21 The junctions facing problem of unplanned traffic parking is given in table 6.17 229455 263649 47899 21 55037 21 Table 6.17 Unplanned parking junctions S.N. Name of junctions 6.6.9.1
1 Opposite bus stand 2 Jai Sthambh Square 3 Nehru Square 4 Near Municipal Council Bus Stand
Bus stand is located in middle of the city, creates difficulty in circulation. It has no infrastructure facility for the travelers. Waraseoni is a tahsil headquarter but there is no provision of day shelter in the city where visitors can rest. A larger site for new bus stand away from the present congested location is required. 6.6.9.2
Truck Terminus
It is a major center of trade and commerce and there are so many traffic agencies in the city causing continuous movement of truck traffic. There is no delineated truck parking area in the city at present. Owing this traffic congestion and accidents are caused. A truck terminal is required as an urgent need. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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6.6.10 Road-Rail Crossings
The main section of Western Railway connecting Balaghat and Nainpur passes just outside the city. There are three road‐rail crossings which are important with respect to traffic management. Traffic flow at these crossings has not been smooth either due to level crossings with heavy traffic flow or grade separator crossings, which are very, narrow. 1. Development of road junctions sn. Name of road junctions 1 Jai sthambh chowk 2 Nehru Chowk 3 Dindayal Chowk 4 Golibari Chowk 5 Rampayali Chowk 2. Development of parking area sn. Name of locations for parking area 1 hospital premises 2 Bus stand area 3 Railway station 4 Jaisthambh chowk 5 Opposite bus stand 6 Near tehsil office 7 Main bazaar 8 On Balaghat road 9 Near Bail Bazaar 10 On all main road for light vehicles 6.6.11 Role of MCW in Traffic & Transportation
Traffic management initiatives of MCW are implemented by the Traffic Police Department, which is responsible for enforcement of traffic rules, with regard to one‐way systems, parking regulation, regulation of truck movement in the town, and ensuring route adherence of public transport operators. Provision of signage, traffic signals and other transport infrastructure like bus stations, bus stops, shelters etc vests with MCW. The role of planning for traffic and transportation in Waraseoni at present vests with a number of agencies, including Municipal Council, State Highways, the Indian Railways, Interstate bus operators, Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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private bus operators, etc. More often than not, these agencies play a key role in transport service provision in an urban area. The Municipal Council of WARASEONI (MCW) is vested with maintenance and development of the street network (Including State Highways), within & away traffic management and circulation system, the public transportation system, control of IPT, management of truck operations, etc. 6.6.12 Comparative analysis with the UDPFI, other guidelines
Table 6.18 Present and Future Demand and Supply Gaps DEMAND‐SUPPLY‐GAP FOR TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORTATION Service head Current / Desired level Indicator Service levels, Demand and Gap
Current Desired Unit
level level as per Existing Year 2015
Year 2025 Year 2035
Demand Gap Demand Gap 76485 87883 (2009) UDPFI guidelines Projected Degree Per of road Demand Gap 59601 65763 population capita 0.96 m Km 24.05 63.13 39.08 73.43 10.29 84.37 10.94
Road surface Concrete (%) 15%
Km
13
9.47
0.00
11.01 1.54 12.66
1.64
BT (%) 74%
Km
6.8
46.72
39.92 54.33 7.62 62.43
8.10
WBM (%) 0%
Km
0.00
0.00
0.00 0.00 0.00
0.00
Earthen (%)
0%
Km
4.25
0.00
0.00
0.00 0.00 0.00
0.00
24.05
56.19
65.35 75.09
connectivity length 0.50 (m) Total Municipal Road Langth Up gradation WBM to CC
WBM to BT
Earthen to BT 4.25
New formation CC 44.17 7.62 BT 8.10
Improvementts Widening & to identified strengthening KM major roads , etc. ROBs/Flyover Nos Traffic Junction Management improvement Creative Circle, Nagpur.
10 Km 0 5 5.00 10 5.00 10 0.00 3 Nos
0
2
2.00
3 1.00 3
0.00
7 Nos 3 3.00 5 2.00 7 2.00 Page 141
6.6.13 SWOT analysis
6.6.13.1 Strength
1
Low rise development produces less locations of traffic bottleneck. 2
The city is not very developed in terms of vehicle number, hence easy to install a good traffic plan. 6.6.13.2
Weakness
1. Narrow roads and curvilinear road profile poses problem for traffic management. 2. Road network is not proper. No signage and footpaths at major roads create problem to citizens. 6.6.13.3 Opportunity
1. Good connectivity of town by roads and newly made broad gauge railways to other major cities of the state. 6.6.13.4 Threat
1. Mixing of city traffic and trans‐passing traffic poses problem of accidents. 2. Market area, bail Bazaar and Mandi area are crowded and pose threat for accidents. 6.6.14 Issues
1. Putting in place an efficient traffic management system is the immediate requirements. 2. Urgent need to increase the public parking facilities, pedestrian facilities, improvement of junctions and rail crossings, provision of traffic signals wherever necessary, lane separators to segregate traffic etc. is required. 3. An effective enforcement mechanism by the Traffic Police is also necessary to enforce smooth traffic flow in the city. 4. The need for parking adjoining core town area is urgent. The traffic near wholesale market creates traffic problems. 5. The present bus stand is in the heart of the city. 6. Urgent need of by‐pass road. 12. Truck stand or terminus is required to be constructed termed as Transport Nagar. 13. Traffic engineering aspects for regulating and controlling the traffic of the city are important to fulfill the mission of "overall regulation and control of vehicles, pedestrian traffic and transportation, so as to provide safe and un‐delayed travel trips to the citizens”. 14. Good connectivity of town by roads and newly made broad gauge railways to other major cities of the state. 15. City roads need improvement listed below:‐ Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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•
Installation of traffic signals on road junctions •
Construction of channels on road junctions •
Construction of road dividers either with guard stones or R.C.C. pardi with a facility of plantations •
Install automatic night blinkers at critical curves, vehicular gaps, accident prone points etc. •
Construction of traffic island (rotary) at road junctions •
Installation of Traffic Sign Boards (cautionary, mandatory, informatory etc.) and installation of sign boards indicating the names of new streets and squares •
Construct speed breakers in consultation with the Traffic Police Department •
Make road markings like zebra crossings, stop lines, junction markings, centre lines, and lane lines etc. and to fix cat eyes on dark roads along the centre line for enhanced visibility •
Maintenance of traffic signals and blinkers previously installed and commissioned •
Maintenance of islands, channels, road dividers by making minor repairs and painting them once in a year •
Earmark spots for rickshaw stand, bus stand and traffic related structures •
Road‐Rail Crossings need ROB/ RUB. 6.6.15 Sector specific Strategies
1.
Formulate air access transport policy and plan. 2.
Planning of traffic movement with public transport planning for the year 2035. Broadening of narrow roads and re‐alignment of road network for smooth traffic flow. Up gradation of existing roads including upgrading of earthen and WBM roads to bituminous roads and selective corridors shall be upgraded to cement concrete roads. Re‐designing of traffic junctions, construction of ROBs and flyovers. 3.
The classification of urban roads under CDP 2035 is done depending on the carrying traffic load. For this purpose detailed Traffic Surveys will have to be carried out while preparing a D.P.R with due consideration to the growing traffic intensity, major roads, corridors and state highways running through the city and traffic & transportation load. The development shall be taken up on phase manner so as to optimize the cost and surface conditions of the roads by 2020. The general classification of roads in Municipal Council area shall be as under:‐ 1.
Ring Road/ Bye Pass: Mainly Arterial Roads carrying through traffic from outside of town by passing city roads. The Ring Road in Waraseoni shall be all around the Municipal Council area connecting to Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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Rampayali Road, Seoni Road, Katangi Road and Balaghat Road. These roads shall be 24 M to 30 M wide. 2.
Sub‐Arterial Roads: These roads are the Main roads leading from Bye Pass/ Ring Road to the Waraseoni town. The existing roads leading from Balaghat Road, Seoni Road, Katangi Road and Rampayali Road shall be widened and used for this purpose. These roads shall be 18 M to 24 M wide. 3.
Collector Streets: Several existing roads leading to main roads shall be used as collector roads within Waraseoni city. Along with these roads, some new collector roads have been proposed. These roads shall be 12 M to 18 M wide. 4.
Local Streets: New areas under different Land Uses have been proposed in Waraseoni. The road network will be designed in the D.P.R. for Traffic and Transportation along with off street Parking. These roads shall be 6 M to 12 M wide. 4.
In addition to these, the existing Village Roads, State Highways, Main Roads shall be utilized to connect the villages in Waraseoni Urban Agglomeration. The road width shall be decided depending on the Traffic it shall carry and the Origin and Destination survey analysis & results. The overall gradient in Waraseoni is moderate, hence, straight Roads, Streets can be proposed. 6.6.16 Reduction of pollution: maintenance of environment
6.6.16.1
Traffic calming devices: reduction of noise pollution
To maintain a satisfactory level of noise through traffic, the design of street pattern and street accessories will follow a guiding rule. The speed level will be restricted to maintain a smooth pace between vehicular traffic and pedestrian traffic in case of busy roads experience both type of traffic. Even on the roads where pedestrian traffic is nearly nil, the speed limit will be fixed to have a fix level of traffic noise. Hence, There is merit in applying reduced speed limits in traffic calmed areas (e.g. 30 or 40 km/h). Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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The strategy will be to – not to construct “speed brakers “ , because the spaced road humps can result in alternate bursts of deceleration and acceleration often with a noticeable thump at each hump. A smoother or more continuous form of traffic calming is desirable, such as winding roadways, where traffic will force to move at slower speed. Pollution free measures: plantation of trees on road sides, channels, traffic islands, traffic signals, dividers, lane separation and traffic police controls shall be introduced at all important junctions based on necessity and design with considering pollution control measures. 6.6.17 Core City Road development
To reduce traffic pressure in the heart of the city and enhancing pedestrian, recreational and business activity the zone will be declared traffic free areas. The vehicular traffic will be allowed on the outer cordon network only. 6.6.18 Parking and pedestrian facility
Municipal byelaws shall be modified to make all new commercial developments with parking facilities. Apart from providing public parking spaces on important roads steps shall be taken to avoid parking at junctions. Foot paths of requisite width, pedestrian crosswalks and subways shall be introduced. 6.6.19 Adaptation of Barrier free design guidelines
Guidelines of barrier free design will be adopted for road, pathway and subway designs. It will be considered while designing that any development or planning for road network shall adhere to Barrier free design guidelines. 6.6.20
Low vehicular movement
Building a comfortable and pleasant slow transportation system and strengthen the connection between slow traffic and public transport. Combined with urban renewal, road network density between bus/rail stations and internal bus stations shall be increased. The block‐size is controlled under the level of 150 meters. Multiple possibility transportation forms shall be created to enhance the permeability of local area traffic. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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6.7
STREET LIGHTING AND FIRE FIGHTING
6.7.1 Existing situation of Street lights
The operation and maintenance of street lights in the city is done by municipal council. Street lighting is centralized with respect to the entire city, Municipal Council co‐ordinates all these activities. The city’s 953 street lights are spaced at an average distance of 30 m. inadequately lighting the city. 72 % of them are tube lights and 27.9% are sodium vapor and Metal Halide lamps. High mast tower lamps are being introduced on important junctions on the arterial roads and are currently located at two spots/ junctions in the city. The average operation and maintenance cost incurred on street lighting for the past three years is about Rs.13.78 lakhs. Table 6.19 Details of Street Lights S.N. Type of fixtures Nos Percentage 1 Tube lights 686 72% 2 Sodium vapor/metal halide 265 27.9% 3 High mast 2 0.1% Total 953 The condition and number of street lights in the agglomeration area is worse than the city condition. 6.7.2 Fire Fighting Services
Waraseoni city has only one fire vehicle with no separate storage of water facility of water. As per CPHEEO guidelines, fire fighting demand in kilolitre per day for a population more than 50,000 is equal to 100 times the population in thousand. The municipal council does not have required rescue support. There is no ambulance services, hydraulic platforms, trailers, rescue vans, mortuary van etc. The present fire brigade though is effectively handling fire calls are seriously strained with lack of infrastructure and personnel. There should be a central fire station with all facilities like parade ground, workshop, training areas and residential facilities. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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6.7.3 Demand Supply Assessment and Comparative Analysis
Table 6.20 Demand Supply Gap DEMAND‐SUPPLY‐GAP FOR STREETLIGHT Service head Current / Desired level Indicator Service levels, Demand and Gap Current Desired level as per Unit Existing Year 2015 level UDPFI guidelines (2009) Projected population Street lighting Spacing between 31.48 30.00 lamp poles (m) Demand Gap 59601 65763 Year 2035 Demand Gap Demand Gap 76485 87883 Mt. 953 2104 1151 2448 343 2812 365 Road surface Tube light+CFL 30% % 930 631 0 734 103 844 109 High power lamps 27.90% 70% % 23 442 419 514 72 591 77 High mast lamps % 2 2 0 2 1 3 1 Replacement Tube lights with High power lamps Nos. 0 299 New Installation Tube lights Nos. 103 109 High power lamps Nos. 120 72 77 High mast lamps Nos. 0 1 1 Creative Circle, Nagpur.
72% Year 2025 0.10% 0.10% Page 147
6.7.4 Fire, Vehicles and equipment for fire fighting and Rescue operations and
service
Waraseoni city has only one fire vehicle with no separate storage of water facility of water. As per CPHEEO guidelines, fire fighting demand in kilolitre per day for a population more than 50,000 is equal to 100 times the population in thousand. The municipal council does not have required rescue support. There is no ambulance services, hydraulic platforms, trailers, rescue vans, mortuary van etc. The present fire brigade though is effectively handling fire calls are seriously strained with lack of infrastructure and personnel. There should be a central fire station with all facilities like parade ground, workshop, training areas and residential facilities. 6.7.5 Electricity and Power Consumption and Distribution
There is one 33/11 substation in Waraseoni having total capacity of 5 MVA 1 units. The power consumption is more than the supplied electricity that call for shut‐down or power‐cut for better distribution. But these power‐cut spans for five and more hours hence turn out to be a hindrance in the progress of city. The agglomeration area has electricity supply mainly for domestic use. For agriculture use the electricity supply is not provided with adequacy. 6.7.6 Demand Supply Assessment and Comparative Analysis
Table 6.20 Demand Supply Gap Power requirement for various years for Balaghat S.N. Year Population Power demand in Kwh/year (lac Power demand M.W. / units) year 1 2015 65763 394.58 39458 2 2025 76485 458.91 45891 3 2035 87883 527.30 52730 The requirement of power in 2035 will be 98.49MW whereas in 2025 it will be 85.66MW. Consumption of 2 Kw per household and 6 kw per industry is considered. It is very difficult to get the required power as the city and state is facing shortage of electricity so, effort shall be made to switchover to Non‐Conventional energy in some sectors e.g. street lights, Govt. offices, commercial complexes etc. Policy shall be derived in such a way that out of the total requirement of new construction at least 20% must be through Non‐Conventional sources. Similarly public awareness shall be done to switching over to Non‐Conventional sources. Govt. offices shall be given cut date to convert their 50% consumption to Non‐Conventional sources. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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6.7.7 SWOT analysis
6.7.7.1 Strength
1. The more vegetation cover reduces the micro level temperature and hence reduces use of energy for cooling purposes. 2. The easy development phase of city enables the conversion of use of conventional energy to non‐conventional easily. 3. The city has all positive factors like geographical location, environment etc. to convert the use of conventional energy into non‐conventional. 6.7.7.2 Weakness
1. Availability of funds with ULB’s for implementing and installing of solar lights in government buildings. 2. Less equipments and manpower for fire safety. 6.7.7.3 Opportunity
1. The present stage of city i.e. conversional stage from small town to city acts as an opportunity to employ new methods and practises. 2. There is right time to have the right targets, with the right level of ambition, at a time when it is necessary to make radical changes. 6.7.7.4
Threat
1. Low availability of power for industrial use, deteriorate the production scale. 2. Problem of power if persist create a negative effect for city. 6.7.8 Key Issue
1. Major junctions and important areas need high mast lamp fixtures. And due to outdated cabling power consumptions is more. 2. Electricity and power distribution is very inadequate in respect of the future development of the city. There is need of utilization of non‐conventional energy resources. 3. Present fire fighting services are not adequate. The municipal council does not have required rescue support. 4. Rehabilitation and installation of street lights. 6.7.9 Sector specific Strategies
6.7.9.1 Use of non-conventional energy and zero carbon designs
1. Target is to deliver 15% of city’s total energy supply from renewable sources by 2020. This will equate to approximately 40‐45% of the TOTAL electricity supply coming from renewable. The approach will have the additional benefit of reducing CO2 emissions from existing buildings by enabling the distribution of heat via district networks. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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2. The stepwise approach to zero carbon set out in government policy provides a clarity about the future direction of regulations that is essentially expected from the industry to invest and gear up for the level of change required. Zero carbon is a description of the destination which can force people to think beyond incremental improvements – doing what was done so far, just a bit better, and has brought about a fundamental change of mindset. 3. Evaluation and proper planning for obstacles to be overcome, in terms of technology, skills, public engagement etc. shall be carried out through preparation of detailed project report. The proposed goals and changes would provide an appropriate balance of energy reduction measures, whilst continuing to support demand for on‐ and near‐site renewable technologies, and provide the basis for a significant growth in community‐scale technology. 4. Conversion of city to solar energy use: To utilize non‐conventional resources especially solar, a master plan will be prepared as per the guidelines suggested by MoNCER, India. In addition to grid solar system off‐grid options will also be evaluated. The master plan will also cover action plan to convert city’s electric power use from conventional energy to non‐
conventional 100% by the end of year 2035. 5. Besides, Solar panels use for the heating or pre‐heating of domestic hot water, systems shall be implemented for larger use as covering large areas, e.g. the whole roof. Use of Solar energy collectors that generally come with a 10 year warranty and require little maintenance (largely limited to ensuring that the panels are kept clean). 6. Development of wind farm: Wind turbines are widely recognized to be one of the most financially viable of the renewable energy technologies. The best locations for wind turbines are away from obstructions which affect air flow, including any features of buildings which may have an effect on airflow. Ideal geographical locations include near hill tops, narrow valleys and the coast. The power output of wind turbines depends on two factors: the swept area of the rotor and the wind speed. The relationship between power output and swept area is approximately linear, but power output increases more rapidly than a linear relation with the wind speed. An area of acres will be developed as wind farm on Gomji Somji pahad, the hillside located near Waraseoni city. Horizontal axis turbines are generally more efficient and most commercial models are of this type. These comprise a central hub with (usually three) evenly spaced blades, that rotate at a fixed rate, regardless of wind speed. Minimum wind speeds of 3.5 to 5 m/s are required to allow turbines to cut in and turbines include automatic braking devices which operate when wind speeds exceed a safe limit such as 20 to 25 m/s. A turbine located on or close to a building would typically have peak outputs of up to 10 to 20 kW, generating 10,000 to 40,000 kWh per annum. This is equivalent to Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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2 approximately 5% to 20% of the electricity consumption of a typical 4,000 m open plan office. 7. Incentives for use of non‐conventional energy Implementation of Encouraging policy for hotels/ resorts to install grid units of solar energy panels and/or wind mill unit will be done. Use wind energy and solar energy will assist them in easy sanctioning of projects. To minimize the energy consumption the hotels/resorts will be guide to install air conditioners with heat recovery units, which convert the heat loss into hot water, in addition to solar water heaters. Although with a smaller impact, energy saving lamps combined with solar lights will be mandatory. Use of Energy efficient refrigerators and washing machines will also be specified. 8. For many hotels and resorts, the placement of a windmill or solar panels may not be feasible because of financial or practical reasons. But using solar water heaters and air conditioning heat recovery units should not only be important points on the wish list of sustainable hotels and resorts from an environmental point of view, but also save them money. Medium‐sized turbines (>100 kW) can be installed on the grounds of many buildings, but these will usually require independent foundations, towers, etc. For small scale, building integrated applications, simple payback periods of approximately 20 years can be achieved. For larger installations the economics become more attractive. 6.8 URBAN POOR AND THEIR ACCESSIBILITY TO BASIC
SERVICES
6.8.1 Poverty in the town
Out of total population in Waraseoni around 26% population resides in slums, squatter and other poor settlements. Their contribution to the city’s economy has been growing over periods. In the absence of the policy to address their problems, the poor may suffer from many inadequacies in terms of access to basic services, socio‐economic needs. Slums are lacking both in terms of infrastructure provision and social and economic development. 6.8.2 Information on BPL Population and Slum Population
In Municipal Council of Waraseoni, there are 1379 families which come to 6978 population. Below are the details of population of slums of Waraseoni. All the 9 (nine) slums in the Municipal Council area, Waraseoni are notified. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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Table 6.21 Slum Settlements in the Town (Yr.2009) Sr. no. Ward Number Name of Slum Households Population 1 02 Bhagatsingh Ward 303 1523 2 04 Tatya Tope Ward 63 311 3 06 Rani Durgavati Ward 119 608 4 08 Ram Mandir Ward 128 658 5 09 Ambedkar Ward 46 239 6 10 Gandhi Ward 75 388 7 11 Subhash Ward 223 1115 8 12 Jagdamba Ward 113 573 9 13 Rajendra Ward 201 1018 TOTAL 1379 6978 (Source: Municipal Council Waraseoni) 6.8.3 Slum Improvement Program
The slum relocation scheme has not been planned in Waraseoni city under Integrated Housing & Slum Development Programme (IHSDP). Under slum up‐gradation scheme and Ayodhya basati rehabilitation scheme, works like construction of road, drain and community hall were done in last three years. Though every year, govt. grant is utilized for up‐gradation works in the slum settlements but still the town cannot be called total slum free. There is a need to take up projects like Rajeev Awas Yojana or Integrated Housing and Slum Development Project to make the city slum free. 6.8.4 General Characteristics of Slum
1. Majority of slums comprises of the Schedule Caste, Schedule Tribes and other backward castes. Most of the slums have predominantly one caste staying in it or people from one place of origin. 2. The majority of the working population in slums are engaged in small scale industries or agriculture i.e. activities like basket making, handicraft etc. 3. The average household size in slums in Waraseoni is 9.5 versus 5 for the city as whole. On an average, slum households have a monthly income of 1300, in the range of Rs. 1000‐1600. 4. Health related obligatory functions of the Municipal Council are restricted and health related activities are inadequate. The city has to depend on nearby larger city like Nagpur for higher medical needs. Lack of awareness of family planning practices is evident. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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5. Basically the houses in the slums are either Kutcha house or mud houses with tiled roofs with narrow lanes; others have houses that are entirely made of makeshift materials like wood, bamboo. 6. In most of the slums, children have access to primary schools and secondary schools. Literacy levels, especially female literacy in all, are extremely low. 6.8.5 Status of slums
6.8.5.1 Land Ownership & Tenure Status
Most of the slums in Waraseoni are located on Government and Private Lands. Government land includes land belonging to the State or Municipal Government. Private land, on the other hand, belongs to individuals. 6.8.5.2 Tenure Status
Government has from time to time issued the slum households legal ownership / title of land / Patta as part of its policy to ensure tenure security to the poor and landless. Most of the slum dwellers have legal land ownership. The land has been given to all the slum dwellers on Pattas. (The Patta Act, 1984 & 1998 – The Madhya Pradesh Nagaria Kshetron Ke Bhoomiheen Vyakti (Pattadhruti Adhikaron Ka Pradan Kiya Jana) Adhiniyam, 1984, popularly known as Patta Act was introduced to grant leasehold rights to the landless persons occupying urban lands. The Act was amended in 1998 under Rajiv Gandhi Ashray Abhiyan. 6.8.5.3 Unidentified slums and homeless population/pavement dwellers
There are no unidentified slums. The homeless population/ pavement dwellers are the temporary visiting population only who reside at the bus stand or nearby due to lack of night shelter or cheap living arrangement. 6.8.5.4 Urban basic services in slums
Following Seven point Charter shall be proposed in IHSDP Scheme 1. Housing 2. Water supply 3. Sanitation 4. Roads 5. Electricity/street lighting 6. Community Facilities, Health, Education 7. Social Security 6.8.5.5 Water Supply
In present situation most of the residents of the slums obtained their water either from an improved point source, such as well, bore well or from the Municipal Council piped water supply system or Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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from a public stands post. Bore well are fitted with individual hand pumps for local supply. Individual house connections should be provided in line with Municipal Council policy on flat rate metering. 6.8.5.6 Sewerage System
At present slum areas of Waraseoni comprise individual pour flush latrines and public latrine blocks. Residents who do not have access to one of this facility, then the common practice is defection in an open space or along drainage creating unhygienic condition. 6.8.5.7 Storm Water Drainage
The existing condition of surface drainage system is very poor in all the slums areas. Most of the roads in the selected slum areas do not have proper drainage system. During the monsoon most of these roads get crammed with muddy water, which remains stagnant for weeks and as result give rise to many diseases. 6.8.5.8Street Lights
About 60% slums have street lights and mostly in the form of tube lights or bulb fixtures. 65% slum dwellers have electric connection in their house of which around 30% connections are illegal. The services are not up to the mark in terms of quality as well as coverage. 6.8.5.9 Roads / Paving
In most of the slums roads are either Kutcha, RCC or partly paved, having inadequate width with poor surface drains. 6.8.5.10
Housing Condition in Slums
85% of slum dwellers are living in temporary shelters. 70% of these houses are made of locally available material like bamboo, clay, plastic/tarpaulin sheets. 6.8.5.11 Social security schemes and beneficiaries
The new housing will be allotted to slum dwellers that own pattas. The new housing right shall be given on the name of husband and wife, to have the security over the property. The social infrastructure like nursery school, primary school, UCD centers, community halls and livelihood center shall be constructed under relevant govt. Programmes. 6.8.6 SWOT analysis
6.8.6.1
Strength
1. There are no unidentified slums. 2. The homeless population/pavement dwellers are the temporary visiting population only who reside at the bus stand or nearby due to lack of night shelter or cheap living arrangement. 6.8.6.2 Weakness
1. Sluggish economic growth and inadequate infrastructure has resulted in poverty and development of slums. 2. Lack of interest of Municipal Government / Local Elected Representatives. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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3. Lack of working strength of municipal council causing delay in the work of IHSDP that has not been approved and first installment has been received. 6.8.6.3
Opportunity
1. Preparation and implimentation of CDP under DFID fund. 2. Govt. Programmes like IHSDP providing grant for slum rehabilitation. 6.8.6.4
Threat
1. Delay in implementation of IHSDP, may result into increase in number of squatter settlements. 6.8.7 Key Issues – Urban Poor
1. Sluggish economic growth and inadequate infrastructure has resulted in poverty and development of slums. 2. Lack of educational facilities and health care to improve the living standards. 3. Lack of basic infrastructure like roads with reasonable width to take care of vehicular traffic growth, insufficient water supply, poor housing conditions, poor sanitation, absence of sewerage system and disposal of domestic waste water /sewage and solid waste. 4. Absence of public toilets and baths. 5. Lack of interest of Municipal Government /Local Elected Representatives. 6. Lack of working strength of municipal council causing delay in the work of IHSDP that has not been approved and first installment has been received. 6.8.8 City specific Strategies
1. Preparation of IHSDP scheme for Rehabilitation of slum settlements to make the city slum‐
free under Govt. programs like IHSDP, etc. 2. Creation of community development groups from within the slums for effective participation in rehabilitation and relocation. 3. Capacity building of the community development groups. 6.9 SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE
The social infrastructure profile refers to the current state of facilities and amenities available in the city. It indicates the adequacy or inadequacy of social services in terms of coverage, quantity and quality. The important aspect of the analysis lies in recognition of the fact that inadequacy access to social infrastructure is a key constraint in socio‐cultural growth of a city. 6.9.1 Overall Health facilities and Medical practitioners in the town
There is one Govt. Hospital exist in the city which has a capacity of 48 beds. There are 15 private hospitals with capacity of 78 beds. As compared to population, city is lacking in providing adequate facilities. The unavailable health services are fulfilled by private doctors to some extent. For major diseases, nearest available city is Nagpur @ 160 Kms from Waraseoni. Existing civil hospital of the Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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city covers entire population of Waraseoni block. The details of facilities available in the hospital are given in table 6.22. The details of facilities available in the hospital are given in table 6.22. No. of Beds 48 Ambulance 1 Chief Health Officer 1 General Physician 1 Nursing Home 1 Gynecologist 1 Eye Specialist 1 T.B. Clinic 1 (Source: PHE Department) The Waraseoni agglomeration has very poor health infrastructure. The population residing in these villages is totally dependent on Waraseoni city for medical facilities except Mehandiwada which has public health center. The polarized location of health facility is not a good sign for the health characteristics of city. Table 6.23 Available health facility in agglomeration area S.N. Name of village Medical Facility 1 Mehandiwada PHC 2 Murzad <5km 3 Wara <5km 4 Madnapur <5km 5 Khandwa <5km 6 Khapa < 5‐10 km 7 Sikandara <5km 8 Koste <5km 9 Tumadi <5km 10 Sarandi <5‐10km 11 Kayadi D 6.9.2
Basic Health Indicators
The average birth registered is 59712 and average death registered is 9641 per annum for last five years in the Balaghat Dist. Average Infant mortality is about 27.49, which is very less compared to national average infant mortality rate of 57.92. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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Table 6.24 : Birth and Death registered in last five years in Balaghat Dist. Year No. of Birth registered No. of Death registered 2004 22199 9143 2005 26848 9561 2006 30814 9943 2007 88281 10888 2008 130416 8671 Average 59712 9641 Table 6.25 : Infant Mortality for last five years in Balaghat Dist. Year Total No. of Infant Mortality Infant Mortality Rate (Death/1000 Live Birth) 2004 1150 51.80 2005 1158 43.13 2006 1174 38.10 2007 191 2.16 2008 295 2.26 Average 794 27.49 6.9.3 Role of Municipal Body in the Health Programs
Municipal council is frequently sprinkling pesticides on water logged area to control the mosquito generation and different vaccination programs are organized time to time. The polio‐vaccination programs are conducted four times a year by Municipal council. The other health programs like free eye‐check up, dental camps, blood donation camps are conducted regularly by NGOs and other medical organization. 6.9.4 Overall Educational facilities and Teachers in the town
From primary school to Post‐Graduation level, educational facilities in Waraseoni are provided by agencies like state government, local government, aided by the state government and private institutions. The city has 30 primary schools (4491 strength) of which 19 schools are run by State Govt/MCW and about 11 schools are under the management of private institutions. 15 numbers of the secondary/higher secondary schools (7036 strength) are under the management of govt/private institutions. Apart from these there is one S.S.P. College, which offers M.A. M.Com and Law courses up to post graduation level. Most of these schools and college in the city lack an environment conducive to learning. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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The people are dependent on nearest Medical College for Nagpur 160 km from Waraseoni while nearest Engineering College is at Gondia, 58 Kms and for science stream & polytechnic college at Balaghat 16 km. Nearest university is Jabalpur and Nagpur. To fill the gap for educational facilities, it needs to earmark an area to induce private sector to participate in setting up high‐class education facilities. Waraseoni would need an agricultural college to influence the State Government to expand the scope of the existing colleges to accredit these institutions. 6.9.5
Basic Education / Literacy Indicator
Number of literates in Waraseoni are 18507 of which 10156 are males and 8351 are females. The overall literacy level has also improved from 78.42% in 1991 to 85.1 in 2001. The literacy rate of female has seen 77.5 as per census 2001. The net rise in female literacy is 9.78% shows good efforts are being taken towards woman education, whereas the male literacy rate is increased from 88.85 % to 92.6% during 1991 to 2001. 6.9.6 Educational Facilities in agglomeration
The education facility in villages under city agglomeration is not very sound. The population is dependent on Waraseoni city for the education facility. The children of agglomeration have to travel every day to Waraseoni town of higher and better educational facility. Table 6.26 Educational Facilities in agglomeration S.N. Name of village Education Inst. 1 Mehandiwada P‐2 2 Murzad P‐3, M 3 Wara P‐2, PUC 4 Madnapur P 5 Khandwa P 6 Khapa P 7 Sikandara M 8 Koste P,M 9 Tumadi P 10 Sarandi P,M 11 Kayadi P‐2, M, PUC, O Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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6.9.7
Recreational Facilities
6.9.7.1
Parks / Gardens
There are two gardens / parks situated in the city. These are located at beside Govt. Hospital Gandhi Bal Udyan and Ashok Meshram Udyan beside Shankar Talao. These open green spaces are required to be maintained and improved with better infrastructure facilities which help to improve the city beautification. 6.9.7.2
Sports Facilities and Playgrounds
A playground located in front of civil club have the facilities of volleyball, cricket etc. which needs to be improved further to promote the recreational facilities in the city. 6.9.7.3
Other Social Infrastructure
Cinema Hall There are two cinema halls which fulfill the entertainment facility of the people of Waraseoni to some extent. Community Hall There are three community halls governed by Municipal Council which is required to upgrade in terms of infrastructural facilities. Other Facilities There are other many social facilities like Smashan Ghat, Kabrastan, Post Office, Police Station, Tahsil Office, PWD office, Petrol pump etc. The table below states the various facilities available in the town. Table 6.27: Social and commercial amenities within the city S.N. Social amenities Nos. Remarks 1 Recreational and cultural 1 Very few needs improvement facilities 2 Cinema 2 Out of 2, one cinema is closed 3 Theatre 1 The need for better theatre is felt in the city 3 Petrol pump 1 4 Cooking gas agency 1 5 Rest House 1 P.W.D. rest House 6 Main Post Office 1 7 Police Station 1 8 Bail Bazar 1 Every Tuesday 7 Stadium Nil The need for stadium is felt in the city 8 Mela 1 Once in a year, arranged after Diwali 9 Mass Marriage 1 Arranged once in a year. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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10. Public library 11 Grain market, 2 hardware Existing libraries visited by people at large. Located at the main market of the city. marker, stone, flooring, wood 12. Meat Market Near Bail bazaar. 13 State Bank of India Located at Jai sthambh chowk Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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6.9.7.4 Demand Supply Assessment and Comparative Analysis as per UDPFI Guidelines
Table 6.28 Demand Supply Assessment and Comparative Analysis SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE DETAILS
UDPFI STD Details Quantity Unit
YEAR 2031 (Demand ‐ Supply Gap)
Standard Per Area in Waraseoni M.C.
Total College Educational Facilities School (students) Population Ha./unit
Total requirements required 2015
for town (Ha.) YEAR 2009
POPULATION
59601 65763
DETAILS
Existing Demand Demand Demand Demand
Demand 2025
2035
2035
2035
76485
87883
87883
87883 Nursery School
1
School
2500
2500
0.08 0
26
31
35
35
2.81
Primary School (I‐V) 1
School
500 5000
0.4 30
13
15
18
0
0.00
Higher Secondary School (V‐XII) 1
School
1000 7500
1.6 15
9
10
12
0
0.00
Integrated School without hostel facility(I‐XII) 1
School
1500 100000
3.5 0
1
1
1
1
3.08
Integrated School with hostel facility(I‐XII)
1
School
1000
100000
3.9 0
1
1
1
1
3.43
School for handicapped 1
School
400 45000
0.5 0
1
2
2
2
0.98
College (Including hostel area) 1
College
1000‐1500 125000
4 1
1
1
1
0
0.00
University campus
1
125000
10 0
1
1
1
1
7.03
Technical education 1
Centre
1000000
4 0
0
0
0
0
0.00
Technical center
1
Centre
1000000
4 0
0
0
0
0
0.00
University 1
University
0
60 0
0
0
0
0
0.00
Engineering College 1
College
1500‐1700 500000
60 0
0
0
0
0
0.00
Medical College
1
College
1500‐1700 1000000
15 0
0
0
0
0
0.00
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SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE DETAILS
UDPFI STANDARD
Details Qtty
Unit
Std
Per Area in Ha. Waraseoni M.C.
Total area town reqd (Ha.) YEAR 2009
2015
2025
2035
2035
2035 POPULATION
59601
65763
76485
87883
87883
87883 DETAILS
Existing Demand Demand
Demand
Demand
Demand 0 Population Per unit req.for Total General Hospital (300‐500 beds) 1
Hospital
300‐500 Beds250000
6
Hospital
Residential accomodation 0
0
0
0
0 1 1 1 1 2.37 1
1
1
1
2.37 Intermediate Hospital (100‐300 beds) 1 Hospital 100‐300 Beds100000 2.7 Residential accomodation Intermediate Hospital (B) 0 1
Hospital
80 Beds
100000
2.7
0 Including maternity beds (20 nos.) Residential accomodation Health Care Facilities Health Polyclinic with some observation beds 1 Clinic 100000 0.3 0 1 1 1 1 0.26 Nursing home, child 1
Clinic
25‐30
45000
0.3
0 1
2
2
2
0.59 Dispensary
1
Dispensary
15000
0.12
15
4
5
6
0
0.00 0.01 1 Per3 PHCs Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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Other DETAILS UDPFI STANDARDS
Details Quantity
Unit
Standard Per Population Area in Ha./unit Waraseoni M.C.
Total req.for town Total area reqd(Ha.) YEAR 2009
2015
2025
2035
2035
2035 POPULATION 59601
65763
76485
87883
87883
87883 DETAILS Existing Demand
Demand Demand Demand
Demand Socio cultural facilities 45
25.03 Community room
1 Room
5000
0.07
0
13
15
18
18
1.23 Community hall and library
1 Hall & library
15000
0.2
1
4
5
6
5
0.97 Recreational club
1 Club
100000
1
1
1
1
1
1
0.00 Music, dance and drama centre 1 Centre
100000
0.1
0
1
1
1
1
0.09 Meditation and spiritual centre 1 Centre
100000
0.5
0
1
1
1
1
0.44 Socio cultural centre
1 Centre
1000000
15
0
0
0
0
0
0.00 Petrol pump in residential area 1 Petrol pump in industrial area
1 Petrol pump in freight complex 2 Petrol pump in each community centre 1 Milk booth 1 Booth
5000
13
15
18
18
0.00 LPG Godown 1 Godown
40000
1
2
2
2
1
0.00 Police station 1 Station
90000
1.5
0
1
1
1
1
1.46 Police post 1 Post
40000
0.16
1
2
2
2
1
0.19 District office & batallion for 10 lac pop. 1 1000000
4.8
0
0
0
0
0
0.00 Police line for 20 lac population 1 2000000
6
0
0
0
0
0
0.00 District jail for 10 lac population 1 1000000
10
0
0
0
0
0
0.00 Civil defense & home guards ‐ 10 lac pop. 1 1000000
2
0
0
0
0
0
0.00 Fire station or sub fire station
1 200000
1
1
0
0
0
0
0.00 Creative Circle, Nagpur.
TOTAL AREA
Station
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6.9.8 SWOT analysis
6.9.8.1
Strength
1. City has potential to develop as a center for cloth industries with standard quality production, research and development, and marketing base to boost to traditional silk production method and green‐silk production methods. 2. City has potential for development of Agricultural College with research facility in the area. 3. Inclination of people towards education and learning new techniques. 4. Enthusiasm among people including officials for work and up‐ gradation of their city. 6.9.8.2
Weakness
1. Lack of marketing facilities for the products from souvenir industries and traditional cottage industries. 2. Underutilization of the extensive networks of rivers, lakes and canals. Lack of performing arts centers recreational activities such as auditorium etc. 6.9.8.3
Opportunity
1.
The zero carbon status and availability of pure air and herbs make the cities potential to be developed as Ayurvedic and naturopathy health center. 6.9.8.4
Threat
1. Over –exploitation of nature spots may result into environmental deterioration. 2. Inadequate approach towards development and marketing may mar the vision targets. 6.9.9 Issues– Social Infrastructure
1. There is no facility for special medical care. The people are dependent on nearest Medical facility for Nagpur 150 km from Waraseoni. The census data shows that number of beds available per 1000 population is just 4.16, which is quite low. 2. The growing population in and around the town suggest a demand for steep increase in the medical and educational facilities. These facilities also require modernization and up‐liftmen for better services to the citizens. 3. Need of development of veterinary hospital with the cattle breeding units that should follow modern and scientific method to boost livestock development and to enhance pure breeding of Gaolao cattle. 4. The parks and gardens in the city require face‐lifting and better play equipments. 5. Absence of auditorium, library, gymnasium, swimming pool makes the life of citizen dull. The town has grown up‐to the stage when these facilities should be available in the town. 6. Health care sector –especially Ayurveda – is not properly exploited. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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6.9.10 Sector specific Strategies
a. Improvement of Safety & security situation; Establish security awareness plan. With an increasing concern about terrorist attacks, security has become a priority issue and will be monitored and handled on an on‐going basis and not in response to events. b. Capacity building of govt. organizations with reforms. Strengthening of Governance with monetary sustainability and manpower. c. Ayurvedic health care centers with good quality and services at suitable locations. Identity and sanctity of tourist sports. Improved water supply and drainage system. Control of litter and treatment of sewage. Preservation of open spaces. Awareness campaign for host population to have better care and courteous attention to tourist ‐ ‘atithi devo bhava’ in real sense. Control over the growth of slums and squatter settlements. d. Transportation: Development of travel circuits for better accessibility and linkages. Improvement of road, rail and air transport services. Signage’s in travel circuits. Facilitation centers/complaint points at terminal and other selected points along travel circuits. Identification of boat jetty locations to promote water tourism. e. Inherent Attractions. Preservation and conservation of heritage monuments. Architectural control in heritage areas to guide built form. Performing arts centers at major tourist centers. Heritage fair to highlight ancient culture, Museums and emporia of regional crafts. Using of local culture, music, architecture, dance, crafts and food through careful planning. Proper management and regulations of the multifarious river bank development and activities. f.
Regional level recreational elements such as botanical gardens, club houses with indoor recreational facilities etc to prolong the stay of tourist. Theme parks activity centers. Waterway based recreational activities protection of wild life sanctuaries. g. Tourism facilities. Accommodation facilities with good services near tourist spots. River bank side facilities like kiosks, rest spots, parking places, petrol pumps, tourist huts, souvenir shops, comfort stations the along travel circuits at sustainable locations. Facilities for shopping, eating, walking, site seeing etc near tourist spots. Travel agencies, tour operators, tourist transport operators. Improved flow of information about tourist attractions – pamphlets, literature guides, application of modern IT, high quality documentaries, festival calendar, video tapes, maps etc. Trained guides and interpreters. Public relation cells at tourist centers. Attractive package tours. h. Projects utilizing public private partnership program are envisaged. i.
Development of social infrastructure: Training/college facilities, Youth links and a health centre is provided on the north and east side in newly developed area. These sports Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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facilities will strengthen local players’ capacity in the area and facilitate improvement of the existing sport activity. j.
EDUCATION: To enhance a strong educational base and the role of High School, College and the Primary Schools, a boarding school upto XII std. to be established with the invitation of private education institution organization of national/international repute. k. Establishment of Agriculture University with education and R&D units for agriculture, horticulture and floriculture to develop seeds and cropping pattern for the region as per the soil and climate and irrigation conditions. a. Establishment of processing units for horticulture and agriculture produce. b. Establishment of marketing units, Cold storage and warehouses. l.
Employment generation via development projects and by exploitation of potential of the city to make the city self sufficient in terms of employment generation and financial base. a. Silk industry b. Agriculture, horticulture and floriculture cultivation and trading c. Scientific development of veterinary breed and health aspect. d. Other trading and commerce e. Service base industries. m. Establishment of veterinary college and hospital with R&D unit. n. Plantation of grass, trees like neem etc. to stop soil erosion and dust particles in the air and to have pure air. o. Balanced mix of hard and soft landscape at problematic areas to reduce dust. Cleaning of lakes, nallahs and de‐siltation of river, installation of green bridges to purify water of water bodies. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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Chapter 7 ENVIRONMENT
The goal of preserving environmental balance is to ensure the conservation and sustainability of globally significant dry land bio‐diversity. This can be achieved by Conserving bio‐diversity in community managed areas like grass lands and forests located near or located on the periphery of a city that maintains a natural ecosystem. To develop and implement sustainable alternative livelihood options and ensure conservation of bio‐diversity. 7.1 TOPOGRAPHY/GEO-HYDROLOGY
Waraseoni is located on the western side of the district. The western and the southern portions of the District lie in the Wainganga valley. The valley starts below the Gurera rocks from where it leaves the common boundary with Seoni and enters the valley opens out at Balaghat and extends to the east as well as west. The latest extensions of the valley are the creation not only of the main stream but also of its tributaries. Wainganga valley is an open or slightly undulating plain. The out‐laying plain below the hills area somewhat cut up by the streams, the strewn with gravel's. The Waingangā valley is the most cultivated, thickly populated and better communicable zone in the district. The area of Waraseoni lies in poor to moderate water table zone. (Refer map: geo‐hydrology). The topography of Waraseoni town can be termed as plain. The entire area of the town is almost plain, with little undulation at some locations. The general slope is towards south. The major slopes are at river banks. 7.1.1
Ground Water Resources
Water constitutes one of our most valuable natural resources. Ground water, resources augment the surface water which is of prime importance for life and agriculture of any region. The Waraseoni region falls under Deccan trap. There are three main distinguishable rock formations with different ground water characteristics. They are crystalline, Lametas and Deccan Traps. The gneisses and schists which form the crystalline are relatively more compact rocks. The ground water is confined to the joints, cleavages, fissures and weathered zones in granites and gneisses. Some gneiss is intruded by highly crushed quartz veins which act as water channels. The schistose rocks are generally weathered and form low topography and favorable zones for storage of water. The vertical fissures in the rocks are most effective. At places, intrusive rocks act as barriers in the flow of ground water. The Lametas Beds are composed of sandstone and limestone. In these rocks the openings are of super capillary size, in the form of joints and bedding planes. The solution cavities in limestone provide local storage for the ground water yielding, limited supply. The distribution of ground water in Deccan Trap is more regular than in other igneous rocks. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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It is observed that the prolific water bearing horizons are, weathered loose ‘Murrum' like material, weathered amygdaloidal basalts, exfoliated weathered zone covered by flows with columnar joints and the contact between the vesicular basalts and the underlying impervious rocks. These play significant role in accumulation of ground water which may be tapped by wells for various purposes according to their capacities. 7.2 SOIL CHARACTERISTICS
Balaghat district has a variety of soils formulation which is rich in mineral, formed by decomposition of fragmented quartz, feldspar and silica, which are mixed with alumina, iron, magnesia, lime and alkali ‐ the proportion being determined by the nature of the parent rock. The area lies in the Deccan trap. The soil types found in the region are sandy, smooth soil and Rocky soil in which green peas, rice, pulses; oil seeds, maize etc. are mainly produced. Broadly Waraseoni tehsil has Sihar soil. Parts of Waraseoni tehsil have rich heavy soil good for taking second crop of linseed and urad. 7.3 GEOLOGY AND MINERALS
The location of mineral deposits, their nature and extent are controlled by the geological set up of the area. Waraseoni city is located in the Sausar group of schistose rocks. The area in and around Waraseoni city falls under (Refer map: geology and minerals) (2a) pink and grey gneisses and migmatite, grey stromatic gneiss with enclaves of high grade metamorphites and steaky gneiss. (7) Mansar formation under Sausar Group‐ quartz‐muscovite schist, muscovite‐biotite schist, quartzo feldspathic gneiss, phyllite and sericite schist with manganese ore (5)Sitasaongi formation under Sausar Group‐ quartz‐muscovite schist, feldspar‐ muscovite schist, quartz grit, conglomerate, siltstone and pebble bed. Though, the district is rich in mineral wealth, the important mineral includes copper, manganese, and bauxite with minor occurrence of beryl. The area is also has good potential for dimension stone. In addition some laterite, iron ore, marble etc. are also reported. But the area has not been explored for its fullest mineral potential. The manganese deposits of the district are restricted to the Sausar group of schistose rocks. Above the archaeans, a thin cover of Lametas sediments comprising of conglomerate, sandstone, impure lime stones and clays are located. The rocks of the Sausar Group are intensely folded into flat and recumbent type and are overturned to the south with dips of 10 degree to 30 degree to the north. The Bharveli‐Ukwa region is characterized by overturned isoclinals folds with fold axes trending NE‐SW. The axial planes of the folds dip to the north at 60 degree to 80 degree. The plunge is predominantly to the south‐west. The important folds mapped in the Sausar belt of the district are Rajpur‐Barabaspur syncline. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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There is a thrust block called Sonawani thrust block extending across the Sonwani reserve forest of Ramrama mine area over an exposed distance of about 15 km. The thrust seems to have taken place over the Tirodi gneiss‐lohangi‐Mansar‐Chorbaoli sequence. Tirodi gneiss with many narrow infolded bands and lenses of schistose rocks forms a belt and is exposed between Bawanthari river in the south‐west, Tangla and Karwahi reserve forests in the west and Kurai and Sonawani reserved forests in the north and extends eastward across the alluvial plains of Katangi, Waraseoni, and Balaghat, upto Dhansua reserved forest and other hill tracts in north–east Balaghat. Mica occurrence in the pegmatite’s traversing biotite muscovite schists of Sausar Group are found sometimes associated with large crystals of black tourmaline in the north‐eastern extension of the manganese belt. The Geomorphology of the area suggests that it lies in Pedi plain (refer map: geomorphology). Limestone: The pink marble of Lohanga formation of the Sausar Group forms a fairly large exposure west‐north‐west of Ramrama in Waraseoni tahsil for a distance of 667m to 333m in breadth. The exposure of white marble belonging to the same formation is noticed about 3.2km north‐west of the village Kaolani in Waraseoni tahsil. The size of outcrop is 667x33m. Dolomite: Dolomite deposits are located in Waraseoni tahsil. And its use in Ferro‐manganese manufacturing is invaluable. Manganese: the total inferred reserves on an average are containing 30to40 % manganese for n south Tirodi, west and north Tirodi , Sukli, Ramrama west, Shodan Hurki, Netra, Bharveli, Ulka‐
Jagantola, Ghondi and Laugur. The reserves are estimated to be of the order of 66.795 million tonnes, assuming apex at half the outcrop length and limiting maximum dip extension to 909m. Sillimanite: biotic‐muscovite schist belonging to Junewani formation of Sausar group is dappled with sillimanite tabloids. It forms a discontinuous and random zone. 7.4 GEOTECHNICAL
AND NATURAL
HAZARD
The Waraseoni city lies in the in Gneiss lithology with low permeability and slate, phyllite, low grade schist with low to medium permeability and Gneiss with low permeability. The bearing capacity ranges from medium zone (within 500 kg/sq.cm) to high (500‐2000 kg/Sq. cm). (Refer map: geo Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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technical and natural hazard). According to GSHAP data, the state of Madhya Pradesh falls in a region of low to moderate seismic hazard. As per the 2002 Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) map, Madhya Pradesh also falls in Zones II & III. Historically, parts of this state have experienced seismic activity in the M5.0‐6.0 range. Waraseoni city lies in zone II i.e. least to moderate seismic hazard zone. 7.5 FLORA –FAUNA
7.5.1 Agriculture
The valleys of the Wainganga and the Bagh are open, mostly occupied for agriculture. The agriculture is the main occupation of the region. The industries, trade and commerce also based on agriculture. This factor shows that the region requires especial approach to boost the agriculture. The total agriculture land available in the district is 924500 hect. Out of which 32.73% is irrigated land. Waraseoni c.d. block has 62.61% irrigated land which is highest irrigated land %age in the district. But the water for irrigation is not sufficient for double crop cultivation. The main crop found in the Waraseoni region is rice, til, arandi, soyabeen etc. But because of high market and income value of rice, the crop has grown on larger area than other crop. Similarly horticulture also has been taken up as supporting cultivation. AGRICULTURE Area Hect. 924500 Hect
Forest Land Area Hect. 506684
Land not useful for cultivation Hect.
55498
Double Crop Area 95542
Total Crop Area Hect. 373129
Kharif Area Hect. 269355
Rabi Area Hect. 103774
Total Irrigated Area Hect. 134014
Irrigation Percentage 38.01
No of Irrigation Well 18469
No of Biogas Plant constructed 6837
No of Krishi Jot 2.010
Rural Agriculture Development Officer
Centre Agriculture Development Officer Centre
292 48
(Source: agriculture department record) Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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CROPS Kharif Crop Anaj Dalhan Tilhan Reshewali Crop Dhan, Makka, Kodo Mung Mot, Udad, Kulthi, Soyabin, Mungphali, Sun Kutki, Jawar, Ragi, Barbati, Rajgira, Sawa Sem Popat, Ramtil, Surjmukhi Tuwar Rabi Crop Anaj Dalhan Gehu Mung Mot, Udad, Kulthi, Rai Sarso, Kusum, Barbati, Tilhan Sem Popat, Alsi, Arandi, Chana, Tivada, Matar , Surjmukhi Masoor (Source: Agriculture Department record) 7.5.2 Horticulture
Vegetables found in abundance in the district are Potato, Onion, Ladies Finger, Tomato, Beans, Cabbage, Flower Cabbage, and Carrot. Fruits like Mango, Orange, Lemon, Kathal, guava are also grown here. The land under vegetable cultivation is comparatively less than agriculture. Fruits cultivation is also not at large scale but few Balaghat district has some very good fruit gardens. Cashew nut garden raised in forest school, Balaghat indicates the wide scope for Cashew nut plantation. HORTICULTURE Net Sown Area of Fruits 3003 Hect. Net Sown Area of Vegetables 4312 Hect. Net Sown Area of Masala 1143 Hect. Net Sown Area of Flower 120 Hect. Net Sown Area of Medicine Plants 20 Hect. Productions Name of Fruits Mango, Lemon, Name of Vegetables Name of Masala Name of Flower Orange, Potato, Onion, Lady Chili, Ginger, Turmeric Genda Kathal, Finger, Amrud Tomato, etc. Beans,Cabbage, Flower
Cabbage, Carrot etc (Source: Agriculture Department record) Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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7.5.3
Non-Wood Forest Produce
There are many important Non wood forests Products (NWFP) found in the forests eg. Tendu leaves or Bidi leaves (Diospyros melonoxylon), Sal Seed (Shorea robusta), Chebulic Myrobolan or Harra (Terminalia chebula), Gum, Chironji (Buchanania lanzan), flower and seeds of Mahua (Madhuca indica) and flowers, seeds, bark & roots of various plant species. Tendu leaves, Sal seed and Gums are nationalised forest produce in Madhya Pradesh whereas the other NWFP are non‐nationalised Products like Mahua Aonla, Chirota, Neem, Mahul Patta, Chironji, Honey, Tamarind etc. are also found in the forests of Madhya Pradesh. Shellac is a minor forest produce and once Madhya Pradesh was one of the leading states to produce shellac on large quality. Balaghat is one of the ten places where shellac on Palash (botanically known as Butea Frondosa) and Kusum (also known as Ceylon oak) are available. Shellac is used in various industries; fruit polishing, record player manufacturing etc.
7.5.4 Forest Cover
About 52% of the area of disitrict is covered with forest. Of the total geographical area of 4,825.56 sq. km. or 52.18% is covered with forests. As it is shown in the forest map of Madhya Pradesh, there are three prominent districts that have high forest cover. Table: 7.1. Distribution of Forest Area in Balaghat district S.N 1 Type of area Geographical Area Percentage (sq.km) (%) area 9229 100%
of district Forest area 3 North 4840 Territorial 1999.55 52%
2. Slightly Moist Teak Forest 3B/C1c (3%) 41.3%
Reserved Division South 1. Southern Dry Deciduous Mixed Forest 5A/C3 (97%) 2 4 Remark Territorial 1948.97 Forest Protected Forest (Sq. (Sq.Km.) Km.) 1524.08
275.47 40.26%
1397.97
551.00 22.54%
Kanha National Park
Buffer Zone Lamta Division 5. Transferred Area 1091.35 531.66
Division Project 277.14 282.55
(Source: Forest Department record) Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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Forest cover around Waraseoni city i.e. in Macro‐level most of the forests are neither teak nor sal but saaj is grown in good quantity. They are mostly mixed forests in which no one species is gregarious. The Waraseoni forest area is a forest range of forest division south‐Balaghat. Per capita forest area is 0.16 hect. of the tahsil Waraseoni i.e. 706.05 hec. Out of which reserved forest area is 396.05hec and protected is 310.0 hec. Waraseoni has deciduous forest at 8 km from the city. The nearest forest area spanning from the bank of Chandan River to the boundary of tahsil is protected area. 7.5.4.1
Vegetation cover
Mixed type of vegetation can be seen in the region. The Sal and teak vegetation do not cover a larger area with Sal about 258.3 sq km and teak only 1%. Other varieties like Saja, Tinsa, Bija, and Shisam are the important timber trees in the forest. Other vegetation varieties are Kahu, Haldu, Mundi, Jamun, Khamer and Kala siris. The Kusum yields the best kind of Lac called Kusumi lac. Bahera and Harra myrobalans also occur, which has a large export potential. Bamboo and grass are found in plenty where the canopy is open. Tendu for bidi making, Kullu for gum used in medicine, dhaora for fuel and edible gum. Many types of herbal plants also found in the region. 7.5.4.2 Medicinal Plants and their Local Uses
Various parts of many forest plants are locally used for medicinal purposes. Root of Kali Musli and gum from Babul and Dhaora are used as tonics. The following list describes the medicinal uses of the forest plants. Table 7.2 Medicinal plants in Balaghat tehsil Sr.no. Name of medicinal plant Part used Ailment 1 Bel (Aegle marmelos) Fruits Dysentery 2 Amaltas (Cessia fistula) Fruits Constipation 3 Hingan (Balanites aegvptiaca) Fruits & bark Cough and Cold 4 Tarota (Cassia tora) Seeds Ring‐Warm 5 Indrajav (Holaffehana antidycenterica) Fruit Jaundices 6 Aonla (Emblica officinalis) Fruit Constipation 7 Dhawai (Woodfordia fructiosa) Flower Dysentery 8 Kalmegh Flower Malaria & liver troubles 9 Neem (Azadirachta indica) Bark Blood Infection 10 Bija (Pterocarpus marsupium) Bark Diabetics 11 Mafnphal (Randia dumetorum) Bark Rheumatism 12 Ber (Zizhyphus mauritiana) Bark Diarrhea Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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13 Kanji (Pongamia pinnata) Seeds Skin diseases 14 Jamun (Eugenia heyneana) Seeds Diabetics 15 Safed musli (Chlorophytum tuberosum) Root Impotency 16 Ramdaton (Smilax macrophylia) Root Venereal diseases, Rheumatism and bloodless dysentery. 7.5.4.3
Social forestry
Van mahotsava has been celebrated in the Balaghat district since 1950. Fruits‐bearing and other trees were planted in the premises of schools, hospitals, government offices and on government and private lands. The plantation record shows a gradual increase in the plantation during past years. Forest conservation centenary was celebrated in the year 1961. In Balaghat district, the celebration was launched by plantation of teak over 50 hec. of land in the compartment 431 of Lamta Range. The district can boast of the oldest teak plantation in the state. 1000 plants were raised in the year 1969 in sonawani forest village. 7.5.4.4
Fauna
The forest in the district was used to be hunters‐paradise till two and half decades ago. The number of wild animals has since considerably decreased but the varied fauna present still is a pride of the district. Macaques Rhesus (Bandar) is the common monkey found in the region. The fauna present in the area near Waraseoni city are mainly, birds like maina, koyal , Peacock, and Red Bulbul. Some season birds are also seen in the area. Birds found near city area are the house crow, Indian robin, etc. as given in table 6.3. Table 7.3 birds found in Waraseoni. Name of Bird Zoological Name crow cervus splendens indian robin sazicoloides fulicata blue rock thrush monticola solitarius paradise flycatcher terpsiphone parad house sparrow passer domesticus common hawk cuculus varius house swift apus affinis common nightjar capromulgus psitticus Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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blue rock pigeon columba livia tree pie dendrocitta vagabund chestnut bellied nuthatch sitta castanea red vented bulbul pycnonotus cafer common wood shrike tephrodornis pondicerianus large cuckoo shrike coracina navaehollandiae streaked fantail warbler prinia socialiis, sykes golden oriole Oriolus black headed myna Sturhus pagodarum crested bunting Melophus lathami yellow fronted pied Dendrocopos mahnattensis golden backed wood pecker Dinopium benghalensis koel Eudynamys scolopacea crow‐pheasant Centropus sinensis roseringed parakeet psittacula cramer green pigeon Treron phoenicoptera spotted dove Streptopelia chinensis grey quail Cotumix yellow wattled lapwing Vanellus malabaricus Important forest birds like green bulbul, white bellied drongo, jungle crow, grey lit, slat headed scantier babbler, red whiskered bulbul etc. are found in most part of the district. The common peafowl is found in plenty is a protected national bird. Ducks, Nettapus coromandelianus, white bodied teal and whistling teal is very common and is found in large number on tanks throughout the year. Brahimini duck is found in cold season, usually in pairs along river banks. Other rare birds found in the Waraseoni region are given in table 7.4 and 7.5. Table 7.4 Rare Birds in Waraseoni Region Name of Water Birds Season of Occurring Remark brahimini duck( chakwa) cold season commonly found near river banks Anas boschas cold season commonly found apas boseas (mallard ) winter season commonly found Branta rifina cold season found in small number redcrested pochard cold season found in small number Fuligula cristata cold season found in small number Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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tufted pochard cold season found in small number Podiceps minor cold season commonly found deb chick cold season commonly found querquedula crecca cold season commonly found near water bodies and paddy Grus antigene(Saras crane) rainy season fields rosy pastar earlier winter (july‐aug) vicinity of cultivation common indian rosefinch (Himalayan bird) sep‐Oct woods common swallow Sep‐April/may white wagtail winter season winter season winter season cotton teal, common teal, common snipe tuffed pochard, mallard(anas platyrhynchis) near water bodies and paddy white stork(Ciconia ciconia) All year round fields
All year round
near water bodies and paddy fields
adjutant stork(Leptoptiolos dubius) little cormorant(herons class) All year round
Table 7.5 other visitor birds in the region Before winter season in the Rosy paster (sturnus roseus) month of july and August Indian Rosefinch (Carpodaceus erythrinus) Himalian Bird September and October Coming vin September and Common swallow (Hirundo rustica) depart in April/May White wagtail (Motallica alba) Cotton vteal (Nettapus coromandeliannus) Common teal (Anas crecea) Common snipe (capeila gallinago) Tuffed pochard (aythya fuligula) Mallard (Anas platyrhynchis) Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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The game birds found in the region are given in table 7.6. Table7.6 game birds common teal( Anoserecca linnaeus) grey jungle fowl(Gallus sonnerati) red spurfowl (Galloperdix spadicea) painted partridge( francolinus pictus grey partridge (Francolinus pondicerianus 7.5.4.5
Fish Culture
Inland fisheries have a significant impact on the socio‐economic development of poorest segment of the society. The state of Madhya Pradesh has a vast potential for inland fisheries, both culture and capture. The major contribution to the total fish production in the state is from town/village ponds aqua‐culture and hence an attempt was made to assess the profitability of pond fish culture in one of the prominent pond fish culture area of the state. The available among the large variety is prawns, crabs, tortoises and shells. The ponds of Waraseoni are leased out for the production of fisheries, prawns etc. The river and lakes of Waraseoni can be explored more for farming of highly saleable fish, other varieties. The govt. policies enrage private development of lakes and for such cases loan, grant, subsidy and training is also imparted. 7.5.4.6
Ground water table:
The Water Resources Department, Madhya Pradesh has analyzed the current situation of ground water in the state of Madhya Pradesh. The ground water table is found declined in the Balaghat block in the range 0‐3m. the ground water recharge is analyzed in all type of land including command and non‐command area, and it was found that the water table get recharge by rainfall and sub‐surface inflow during monsoon mainly and a small quantity in non‐monsoon seasons by other sources. The development of ground water is found 17% on block level and the status of ground water table can be termed safe. The description of study data by Water Resources Department is given in table 6.7. It can be inferred that the Ground Water level is decreasing day by day is evident from the figures in the table. It is urgently required to undertake projects involving Rainwater Harvesting and to make Rainwater Harvesting mandatory to all houses in Waraseoni. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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Table 7.7.: Ground water data of Balaghat block: Report of decline ground water Decline in Groundwater Level Areal extent of (in hectares )
in meters (BGL) 0‐3m Total ground water Assessment
Command area
Non‐Command area 121956 10519 111437 GROUND WATER RESOURCE POTENTIAL 1 Type of area Command from 793
2 Recharge rainfall Poor quality 0
STAGE OF GROUNDWATER DEVELOPMENT Non‐ Block Command Total 14467 15260
Type of area
Net Annual Command Ground 2116 Non‐ Block Command Total 14029 16145
2258 2320
353 387
2612 2706
481 545
11290 13280
19 17
water Availability during monsoon 3 Recharge other from 615
273 888
sources from 00
Gross 61 Groundwater Draft for during monsoon 4 Recharge Existing Irrigation 00 00
Existing Gross 33 rainfall during non‐
Groundwater Draft for monsoon Domestic & Industrial water Supply 5 Recharge other from 783
39 821
Gross 95 Groundwater Draft for sources during Existing non‐
All uses (3+4) monsoon 6 Total Annual 2191 14779 16969
Allocation for domestic 65 Groundwater & industrial Recharge (2+3+4+5) requirement supply upto nest 25 years 7 Natural Discharge 75
during 750 non‐
Net Groundwater 1989 Availability for future monsoon 8 Net 825
irrigation development Annual 2116 14029 Stage of Groundwater 4
Groundwater Development Availability (6‐7) {(13/10)*100} (%) (Source: ground water resources department record) 7.6 POLLUTION LEVEL (Air and Water)
Air pollution encompasses a diverse array of natural and anthropogenic emissions, including gaseous constituents, volatile chemicals, aerosols (particulate) and their atmospheric reaction products. Ambient air acts as an atmospheric sink, where all emissions are released. Many such emissions are in such small quantities that they get immediately dissipated and absorbed but contiguous release of these pollutants build up in the air and pose hazards to human health. Despite pollution control Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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effect, the air quality has been threatened to alarming levels in several cities throughout the world, and more pronounced in the developing countries. The health consequences of exposure to dirty air are enormous. The developing countries are grapping with the environmental problems associated with inadequate economic developments, malnutrition and poor sanitation. 7.6.1 Air Pollution Level
7.6.1.1
Ambient Air Quality (AAQ):
The pollution during busy hours and vehicle movement is likely contributed to suspended particulate matter. AAQ was monitored during December 2009. Monitoring was performed on random basis in day hours. Monitoring has performed specially on Bazar days i.e. Sunday and Tuesday respectively, so that, the maximum generated pollution may be monitored. The monitoring was carried out as per norms stipulated by the Central Pollution Control Board (Notification No. B‐33014 dated 11 April 1994). Ambient Air Quality monitoring was performed to find out the concentrations of following parameters – SPM, RPM, SO2 and NOX SPM (>10 μ) and RPM (<10 μ) present in ambient air is drawn through the cyclone. Coarse and non‐
respirable dust (>10 μ) is separated from the air stream by centrifugal forces acting on the solid particles. These separated particulates fall through the cyclone’s conical hopper and collect in the sampling cup placed at the bottom of the cyclone. The fine dust (<10 μ) forming the respirable fraction passes the cyclone and is retained by the filter paper. The SPM is estimated by summing up the SPM and RPM fractions collected separately as above. A tapping is provided on the suction side of the blower to provide suction for sampling air through a set of impingers. Samples of gases are drawn at a flow rate of 1.0 Liter per Minute (LPM). SPM and RPM have been estimated by Gravimetric Method (IS 5182 part IV). Modified West and Gaeke method (IS‐5182 Part II, 1969) has been adopted for estimation of SO2. Jacob‐Hochheiser method (IS‐5182 Part VI, 1975) has been used for the estimation of NOX. Samples were analysed as per the procedure laid down by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB). Out of all samples four sample data that shows the different air quality status in the city are given in the table below Table 7.8. and the national standards for air quality is given Table 7.9. Table 7.8.: AMBIENT AIR QUALITY OF WARASEONI CITY Sr. No. 1. 2. Values in μg/m3 Sampling Stations WARASEONI BUS STAND (Near Temple) BAIL BAZAR (Road‐side) Creative Circle, Nagpur.
SPM RPM SO2 NOx 332.7 91.8 33.9 62.2 316.5 91.6 30.5 39.8 Page 179
3. JAIN MANDIR (Road‐side) CORPORATION MARKET 4. (Near Corporation Gate) 5. HOUSING BOARD COLONY 258.3 76.2 21.7 25.7 356.1 97.8 28.8 48.3 112.5 48.4 8.1 12.6 (Source: survey) Table – 7.9 : NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS Pollutant Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) Respirable Particulate Matter (RPM) Sulphur dioxide (SO2) Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) Time Concentration in Air (µg/m3) Weighted Industrial
Residential, Rural & Sensitive Average Areas Other areas Areas 24 hours 500.0 200.0 100.0 24 hours 150.0 100.0 75.0 24 hours 120.0 80.0 30.0 24 hours 120.0 80.0 30.0 (Source: MoEF record) 7.6.1.2
i. Analysis:
Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) Particulate matter with sizes ranging from 0.1 mm to 10.0 micron, called as SPM, can affect the health of exposed people. The size range is significant not only in respect of health, but also in causing reduced visibility. Dust deposition on materials may also cause deterioration. Waraseoni city represent a lesser SPM concentration in comparison of Balaghat city. All ambient air quality monitoring stations in Waraseoni city have SPM value ranged between 112.5 μg/m3 at Housing Board colony and 356.1 μg/m3 at Corporation Market. Monitoring station at Jain Mandir, road side also has represented high value of SPM concentration as 258.3 μg/m3 and showing high pollution on market days. Observed SPM concentrations have compared with stipulated 24‐hr average limit, 200 μg/m3 as prescribed for residential, rural and other areas in NAAQ Standards of CPCB. ii. Respirable Particulate Matter (RPM) RPM is particulate matter constituted of the less than 10 micron sized fraction of SPM. Particles size less than one micron are products of condensation and combustion whereas size up to 10 micron includes fugitive process dust as well. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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Waraseoni city represent a better RPM concentration level as all ambient air quality monitoring stations have RPM value ranged between 48.4 μg/m3 at Housing Boar colony and 97.8 μg/m3 at Corporation Market. All observed RPM concentrations at Waraseoni city are within stipulated limit for 24‐hr average, 100 μg/m3 as prescribed for residential, rural and other areas in NAAQ Standards of CPCB. iii. Sulphur dioxide (SO2) This gas originates from combustion of fossil fuels. SO2, SO3, H2SO4 vapour and sulphur contribute to SO2 values and can cause health problems, corrosion and injury to vegetations. Waraseoni city have even better SO2 concentrations level as all ambient air quality monitoring Stations have SO2 concentrations ranged between minimum 8.1 μg/m3 at Housing Board colony and maximum 33.9 g/m3 at Waraseoni bus stand. All values are well within stipulated SO2 concentrations limit for 24‐hr average, 80 µg/m3 as prescribed for residential, rural and other areas in NAAQ Standards of CPCB. iv. Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) High temperature combustion as well as use of explosives produces oxides of nitrogen which in turn result in photo‐chemicals smog and can contribute to vegetation damage and acid rain. Waraseoni city have even better NOx concentrations level as all monitored stations have NOx Concentrations ranged between minimum 12.6 μg/m3 at Housing Board colony and maximum 62.2 μg/m3 at Waraseoni bus stand. 7.6.1.3
Inference
All values are well within stipulated NOx concentrations limit for 24‐hr average, 80 µg/m3 as prescribed for residential, rural and other areas in NAAQ Standards of CPCB. 7.6.1.4
Indoor Air Pollution Status
There are four principal sources of pollutants in indoor air viz combustion, building material, the ground under building and biological agents. As danger as outdoor air pollution, indoor air pollutants can pose even a greater health risk. Indoor air pollution is a concern where sometimes the house relatively is less ventilated and the condition raises indoor pollutants levels. Indoor air pollution is usually associated with occupational situation particularly through combustion of biomass fuels like wood etc. for cooking and other purposes. Burning such fuels produces large amounts of smoke and other pollutants like carbon monoxide, oxides of nitrogen, sulphur dioxide, aldehydes, dioxins, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and Respirable particulate matter, results into high exposer. In rural area indoor air pollution is responsible for much greater mortality than ambient air pollution. Epidemiological studies have linked exposure to indoor air pollution from dirty fuels with at least four major categories of illness as follow:‐ Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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1. Acute respiratory infections (ARI) in children. 2. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) such as asthma and bronchitis 3. Lung cancer 4. Pregnancy related problems The tradition method of use of Biomass fuels amount for 80% of domestic energy consumption in the rural India. This kind of indoor pollution though not present in the WARASEONI city area but is seen in agglomeration. As the bio‐gas has been considered as one of the important non‐
conventional energy sources, there is an urgent need to educate people to use biomass fuel in the protected ways like by using bio‐gas Chullah etc. where the user is not directly exposed to the smoke and other pollutants. 7.6.2 Water quality
The city land profile has seven ponds, river on the periphery and nallas flowing through city. The nallas carry waste‐water from residential locality and are full of filth. These nallas flow almost full with rainwater in monsoon season. Most of drinking water needs of residents are primarily met piped water or from dug wells, though a few hand‐pumps also have been installed. Samples for water quality monitoring were collected on random basis for routine analysis. Both types of water quality i.e. surface water quality and ground water quality have examined under this water quality monitoring. Samples were collected in December ‐ 2009 from all the sources. Grab samples of surface waters were collected from three different places within few meter area and a composite single sample was made for analysis while only one grab sample of ground water were collected. All water samples were collected in polyethylene carboys. Samples collected have been analyzed in Chemical Lab at Nagpur. Few parameters like appearance, pH, and turbidity were analyzed at site itself. The analytical techniques (Indian Standard Methods / APHA) used for water and wastewater analysis for a few parameters is given in the Table – 7.10. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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Table – 7.10: METHODOLOGY FOR WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS Sr. No. Methods Parameters (Indian Standard) Methods (APHA) 1. pH IS 3025 (part 11) : 1983 APHA‐4500‐H+ 2. Electrical Conductivity IS 3025 (part 14) : 1984 APHA‐2510 B 3. Turbidity IS 3025 (part 10) : 1984 APHA‐2130 B 4. Chlorides IS 3025 (part 32) : 1988 APHA‐4500 Cl‐ 5. Fluorides ‐‐ APHA‐4500 F 6. Total Dissolved Solids IS 3025 (part 16) : 1984 APHA‐2540 C 7. Total Suspended Solids IS 3025 (part 17) : 1984 APHA‐2540 D 8. Total Hardness IS 3025 (part 21) : 1983 APHA‐2340 C 9. Alkalinity IS 3025 (part 23) : 1986 APHA‐2320 B 11. Calcium IS 3025 (part 40) : 1991 APHA‐3120 B/ APHA‐3500 Ca 12. Magnesium IS 3025 (part 46) : 1994 APHA‐3120 B/ APHA‐3500 Mg 13. Total Iron IS 3025 (part 53) : 2003 APHA‐3120 B/ APHA‐3500 Fe The observations of water quality monitoring in Waraseoni with regard to the surface/ground water and the parameters are given below in Table – 6.11 to Table – 6.12 respectively. Quality of water samples has been compared with IS 10500:1991 standards simultaneously. Table – 7.11: SURFACE WATER QUALITY IN WARASEONI CITY Time of SAMPLING SAMPLE DETAIL Post monsoon SW‐1: ‘TONDIA NULLAH’ NEAR BRIDGE SW‐2: ‘SHANKAR TALAB’ NEAR GANGOTRI COMPLEX IS 10500: 1991 SURFACE WATER Desirable Permissible SW‐1 SW‐2 ‐ ‐ ‐ CL Pale Turbidity NTU 5 10 3.6 5.1 3 pH at 25 0C ‐
6.5 – 8.5 NR 7.91 7.78 4 Electrical Conductivity μS/cm ‐ ‐ 266.0 293.0 5 Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 500 2000 156.0 184.0 6 Total Suspended Solids mg/l ‐ ‐ 4.5 6.5 7 Total Alkalinity as CaCO3 mg/l 200 600 84.0 96.0 r. Parameters Units 1 Appearance 2 No. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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8 Total Hardness as CaCO3 mg/l 300 600 108.0 108.0 9 Calcium as Ca++ mg/l 75 200 28.0 27.2 10 Magnesium as Mg++ mg/l 30 100 9.1 9.6 11 Chlorides as Cl mg/l 250 1000 15.7 18.4 12 Sulphates as SO4 mg/l 200 400 39.1 35.5 13 Nitrates as NO3 mg/l 45 NR 0.5 1.3 14 Fluoride as F mg/l 1.0 1.5 0.04 0.05 15 Total Iron as Fe mg/l 0.3 1.0 0.11 0.31 16 Total Oil & Grease mg/l 0.01 0.03 TRACES Traces Note: CL – colourless; NTU – nephalometery turbidity unit; NR – no relaxation (Source: survey) Table – 7.12: GROUND WATER QUALITY IN WARASEONI CITY Time of SAMPLING Post monsoon GW‐3: OPENDUG WELL AT BUS STAND SAMPLE DETAIL GW‐4: HANDPUMP NEAR ‘BAIL BAZAR’ GW‐5: HANDPUMP NEAR MUNICIPLE OFFICE IS 10500: 1991 GROUND WATER Desirable Permissible GW‐3 GW‐4 GW‐5 ‐ ‐ ‐ CL CL CL Turbidity NTU 5 10 2.7 < 1.0 < 1.0 3 pH at 25 0C ‐
6.5 – 8.5 NR 7.24 7.04 7.06 4 Electrical Conductivity μS/cm ‐ ‐ 587.0 654.0 767.0 5 Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 500 2000 392.0 418.0 496.0 6 Total Suspended Solids mg/l ‐ ‐ 1.5 < 1.0 < 1.0 7 Total Alkalinity as CaCO3 mg/l 200 600 178.0 163.4 126.0 8 Total Hardness as CaCO3 mg/l 300 600 144.0 392.0 244.0 9 Calcium as Ca++ mg/l 75 200 31.2 97.6 64.8 10 Magnesium as Mg++ mg/l 30 100 15.8 35.5 19.7 11 Chlorides as Cl mg/l 250 1000 88.5 109.7 196.4 12 Sulphates as SO4 mg/l 200 400 34.5 44.5 25.5 13 Nitrates as NO3 mg/l 45 NR 1.3 0.3 21.1 14 Fluoride as F mg/l 1.0 1.5 0.27 0.24 0.27 15 Total Iron as Fe mg/l 0.3 1.0 0.94 0.11 0.53 16 Total Oil & Grease mg/l 0.01 0.03 Nil Nil Nil r. Parameters Units 1 Appearance 2 No. Note: CL – colourless; NTU – nephalometery turbidity unit; NR – no relaxation (Source: survey) Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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7.6.2.1
Analysis
The results of both type of water quality have represented all values are within limit, either desired or permissible and nothing is abnormal. Quality of Water samples has been compared with IS 10500:1991 standards simultaneously. The results of analysis are discussed under three headings namely organoleptic, Chemical and Health related parameters as per findings and its significance over environment and human being. Water quality & certain common characteristics have been described in following paragraphs. a. Organoleptic Parameter: Appearance Presence of any colourful appearance gives some hints regarding chemical contamination with water source. Two surface water samples (SW‐5, water from Shankar Talab in Waraseoni city) has pale appearance. It may have reason that some domestic effluent is joining the water source or some domestic activities are being performed in these stagnated water sources. Remaining all surface and ground water samples are free from any colour or shady appearance. b. Chemical Parameters i. Turbidity Turbidity occurs due to content of any suspended matter or colour pigment in water sample. High values of turbidity represent abnormal activity in related area. All surface water samples have turbidity between 2.4 to 5.1 NTU whereas all ground water samples have turbidity < 1.0 NTU. All water samples, including surface & ground water have turbidity less than permissible limit as prescribed in IS 10500:1991. ii. pH value pH is an important parameter which indicate the water is going to affect the mucous membrane and/or water supply system if the values are beyond the given range. The pH values for all five surface water samples are ranging between 7.78 and 8.8.21, whereas pH values for all five ground water samples are ranging between 7.04 and 7.24. All values are lean towards alkalinity but within desirable range of 6.5 to 8.5 as per IS 10500:1991 standards for drinking water. iii. Dissolved Solids Dissolved Solids may cause gastro intestinal irritation if water is being used for drinking purposes and its concentration is out of norms. All surface and ground water samples have dissolved solids values ranging between 156 to 496 mg/l which are below desirable limit of 500 mg/l as given in IS 10500:1991. iv. Total Hardness Hardness causes encrustation in water supply structure in case of high values of water samples. Only one ground water samples (GW‐4, Hand pump near BailBazaar) has total hardness value 392.0 mg/l Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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respectively, which is higher than desirable limit of 300 mg/l but even less than permissible limit of 600 mg/l. Remaining all surface and ground water samples have total hardness values ranging between 108.0 to 244.0 mg/l. which are below desirable limit of 300 mg/l as given in IS 10500:1991. vi. Chlorides Corrosion & palatability are affected if the Chlorides values are beyond the prescribed limits. Chlorides in all surface and ground water samples have ranged between 15.7 to 196.4 mg/l and well below the desirable limit of 250 mg/l. v. Sulphates High values of Sulphates may cause gastro intestinal irritation with Magnesium & Sodium. Sulphates in all surface and ground water samples are also in low concentration and ranging from 25.5 to 65.5 mg/l against desirable limit of 200 mg/l. vii. Other Parameters Presence of some parameters produces undesirable taste and objectionable odour in water samples. Nevertheless, it is good that all surface water samples and all groundwater samples are free from oil and grease etc which affects the taste and odour of water. c. Health Related Parameters i. Nitrate Nitrate value should not cross the desirable limit as it can cause a serious disease in human being known as Methaemoglobinemia. Nitrate is usually contributed by excessive use of fertilizer and / or explosives and occasionally from minerals of the strata. All surface and ground samples have very low nitrate between 0.4 to 21.1 mg/l, and much below the desirable limit of 45 mg/l as given in IS 10500:1991. ii. Fluorides Fluoride concentration above 2.0 mg/l is harmful and can cause bone fluorosis. All the ground water and surface water samples have fluoride content within the range of 0.04 to 0.33 mg/l which are lower than desirable limit of 1.0 mg/l as given in IS 10500:1991. iii. Iron Beyond the desirable limit, Iron affects the taste and odour of water and promotes iron bacteria. A few water samples have higher iron concentration than desirable limit of 0.3 mg/l but even lower than permissible limit of 1.0 mg/l. All surface and ground water samples had Iron content in range of 0.07 to 0.94 mg/l which are less than permissible limit of 1.0 mg/l. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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CDP Waraseoni, M
Madhya Pradesh
7.6.2.2
Inferen
nce
All mon
nitored natural water sources in Waraseoni, W
has h within limit concen
ntrations of relevant parametters, either aas desirable or as permisssible limit. O
Overall both type of wateers i.e. surface water and grou
und water arre satisfactory in regardss of all analyzzed parametters. 7.7 WATER
W
F
FRONT
D
DEVELO
PMENT AND CO
ONSERVA
ATION
7.7.1
Chandan
n River
Waraseo
oni city haas Chandan River as its Southern boundary. The Chand
dan River risses in Seoni plateau. The SSonawani hills, occupyingg a orth‐east of tthe Waingan
nga small area to the no
n the district has geneeral height as valley in
about 500m. The arrea lies abovve 250m fro
om the plain
ns of the Waainganga and
d its right bank tributaryy the Chandan, one of the importan
nt tributariess. These tributaries rise iin the Seoni plateau, and makke their wayy down throu
ugh the ghatts by deep ggorges. The rrivers join th
he Waingangga after a winding sandy coursse through tthe Karola and Katangi p
plains. The leength of Chaandan River is 57km. but turns to the south ab
bove Warase
eoni. The The Chaandan takes aan easterly ccourse in thee beginning b
streams of the areaa flow into the t Waingan
nga in the eaast and the Chandan in the south east. e
The Chandan
n River flowing at the weestern border of the city is a tributaryy of Waingan
nga River. The conservation off river and beeautification
n of river ban
nks needs a m
master plan for development for tourism and ecologiccal point of vview. 7.7.2 Lakes
o lake/pond exists in Waraseoni W
The totaal number of are 7 att present. Many M
of the tanks presen
nt in the town haas now at dyyeing stage, aas most of their part is eitherr dried or filled with earrth. These tanks t
are given on
n lease for Fish Farmingg for a perio
od of 10 years. nds were con
nstructed a couple of ceenturies ago
o, to cater fo
or irrigation purposes. After A
the The pon
conversion of surrounding area from agricu
ulture to ressidential, thee utility of th
he tank for irrigation i
ng, washing clothes, ido
ol immersio
on, trapa ceased. Today the tank is useed for uses like bathin
ng on the frin
nges and cultivation, lotus cultivation, Fish Farming, ggeneral Nistaar, cattle batthing/ grazin
on. The maaximum deptths of lakes have reduce
ed due to siltting. The maain source off water is recreatio
Creative
e Circle, Nagpur.
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CDP Waraseoni, M
Madhya Pradesh
surface runoff and rrain water. H
However, thee sewage waater also inflows from th
he surrounding area. The en
nvironmental problems associated
d with the pond include excesssive weed growth, eutrophicatio
e
on, nutrien
nt inflow, excessive e
human h
and cattle intervention, trrapa and lotus cultivat
l
tion, weaken
ning of bund, sewage inflow. i
The water qualitty is very po
oor. High concentratio
c
on of macro nutrients likke nitrate and a phosphaate have beeen observed in this water w
body depicting th
he eutrophicc nature. The pH is in T
alkaline ran
nge which means the high h
rate of primary p
production, in other words high d
w
degree of pollution. The imitative measuree that should
d be taken to
o ensure the sustainabilitty requires. As thesee tanks are w
within the city limits, the deterioratio
on of these taanks affects tthe area around. The problem
ms like mosqu
uito breedingg, odour and
d shabby surrounding acttually reducing the high p
potential of the arrea. 7.7.3
ront Deve
elopment
Water Fr
Presentlly the waterr fronts of riivers are nott developed. Only smalll part of Waainganga rive
erbank is utilized during festivval like Ekadaashi, etc. and also used ffor immersio
on of idols. The river baanks shall urism purposes with a view to have ssustainable ttourism. be developed for tou
m embraces aall segments of the industry with guidelines and criteria thatt seek to Sustainaable Tourism
reduce environment
e
tal impacts, particularly the use of non‐renewable resourcees, using me
easurable benchmarks, and to
o improve tourism’s conttribution to ssustainable d
developmen
nt and enviro
onmental conservaation. It inclu
udes an interpretation/leearning expe
erience, is deelivered to sm
mall groups by small‐
scale businesses, and stresses lo
ocal ownership, particularly for rural p
people. p
will be prepared to develop the
e river bankks with the vview to prottect their A detailed master plan mental statu
us and also to have mo
odern tourissm facilities.. The adven
nture tourism
m: water environm
based like River crrossing, Riveer trekking, Canoeing, Water Tubing, Rope Course and Kayaking (Rafting), etc. odging facilities shall be developed aalong the rivver banks, ass cottage Apart from the sporrts tourist lo
hat would have touriist cottagess with the basic acccommodation facilities, Tented Lane th
accomm
modation that would have 10 to 15 teents offeringg basic accom
mmodation facilities each
h, Theme restauraant serving multi‐cuisine
m
e food, Water sports complex c
which would haave various kinds of boats, jeet skies, parasailing, watter scooters,, scuba divin
ng etc. and SShopping lan
ne which would have souvenirr shops, beacch clothing eetc. Creative
e Circle, Nagpur.
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7.8 PROPOSED ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS
The proposal of the CDP 2035 includes the future development shall be done in a way that keeps environmental protection as a guiding rule. The environmental guidelines proposed by PCB shall be taken under Municipal rules. As the CDP 2035, is to make city with global level, following environmental regulation and planning aspects shall form a part of it by adopting “Integrated Community Sustainability planning” (to address climate change and encourage the development of healthier, less costly and more sustainable communities.) i.e. by Canadian standards. a.
Bio-diversity planning
A bio‐diversity planning will be done under central govt. programme to cover the belt of river, river banks and lakes. The objectives of the detailed project preparation will be to preserve and conserve the uniqueness of the spots. b.
Green belt
An ecological corridor will be established within the development area segregating old city area than new development area. This ecological corridor will restrict the air pollution generating within the two development zones. It will also help cultivation of required horticulture for the city. 7.8.1 Maintaining Zero - Carbon City
By the end of 2020, it will be made compulsory to implement a carbon offset program where all flights by guests will be offset by carbon credits purchased by the hotels/resorts, on an automatic basis, in addition to the stay, local transport and activities which is already carbon free because of the windmill that supplies energy back to the electricity net. The guest’s vacation will therefore guaranteed carbon neutral. The carbon offset program will also include to plant trees to have additional social and ecological benefits. 7.8.1 Determine the basic ecological control line to effectively control the development border. In order to prevent the disordered sprawl of urban construction and maintain the ecological system security, City will implement “Basic Ecological Control Line Management" i.e. the CDP 2035 boundary as the basic ecological control lines, all the development/construction activities are to follow the strict rules laid under Municipal laws for Eco‐development. 7.8.2 Develop a reasonable sequence of the development and construction; optimize the environment for innovation and entrepreneurship. Oriented by optimizing the innovation environment, the construction of municipal infrastructure, public facilities, equalization and optimization of public services will be the focus in first phase. A reasonable development and construction sequence will be determined to keep the pace of industry and real estate development, strengthen the housing security so that it can be guaranteed that the Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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city is being developed in a balanced way of working and living, function improvement and industry upgrading gradually. 7.8.3 Environment friendly water‐usage and disposal of solid waste a. Water recycling is encouraged. Recycled water will mainly used as industrial water, urban water and ecological water supply for Chandan River. The planned aim is to increase renewable water rate up to 50 % in 2035. This can save quality drinking water resources, saving the cost of the raw water system up to 30%. Large quantity of river water for ecological use will be provided every day. b. Carbon source flowing into Chandan River will be reduced through the integration of artificial deep processing and artificial ponds to protect the ecological environment. Rainwater resources will be utilized to increase the evaporation, infiltration capacity and rainwater utilization so that flood peak flow can be decreased. In addition, the pressure if flood prevention is lessened and the pollution source are controlled. Also the urban heat island effects can be reduced. c. The policy of garbage collecting and classifying will be gradually implemented. The site allocated for segregation and composting is at Sarandi. A pilot pneumatic transport system to improve the garbage collection and treatment facilities will be installed, which will aim to achieve non‐polluting disposal of municipal solid waste, and increase the utilization rate of disposed industrial solid waste and hazardous waste up to 100%. 7.8.4 Guidelines for the industries to develop in a low‐carbon way. The industry‐oriented directory and land use principles for logistics and industrial construction will be improved. Scientific and reasonable evaluation indicator system and procedures will be established to strictly control the newly‐started projects. That is, the introduced enterprises should be in accordance with the "two‐low and three‐high" (low energy needed, low power consumption, high‐tech, high value‐added, and high‐tax contribution rate) standards. Based on its environmental conditions, the city will take the opportunity to actively develop the low‐
carbon industries such as LED, solar power. Production service industry is fostered to support transformation and upgrading of manufacturing and trading enterprises to comprehensively promote industrial restructuring and upgrading. Some measures such as training, technical support, and demonstration projects will be taken to help enterprises in the new town to adopt cleaner production technologies. 7.8.5 Establishing green transport‐oriented transport system. The establishment of public transport system as the backbone and coordinate development of various transport modes will a strong attempt for low‐carbon development. Use of gas as fuel will reduce the carbon oxide emission in the air. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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7.9 FORMULATION OF SPECIFIC GREEN BUILDING
DEVELOPMENT POLICY
The energy consumption of buildings accounts for 30% of the total energy consumption. Electricity consumption of buildings accounts for 43% of the city's total electricity load. The energy consumption of building will increase 8‐10% when the ambient temperature increases by 1 centigrade degree. Sound natural ventilation system can contribute to an additional energy‐saving rate of 10%. It clearly showed that planning and design plays an important role in developing green buildings. Many studies done at national and international levels show that above 80% "green" contribution are from the planning and design. A detailed project report will be prepared with extensive study to formulate GREEN DEVELOPMENT RULES. The "GREEN DEVELOPMENT RULES" will specify guidelines for ground utilization, sunlight, natural ventilation and lighting, ecological greening, ground water, green transportation, building materials, insulation, external shading, use of rainwater, water use, classification and measurement of energy consumption, energy‐efficient lighting, efficient energy systems and equipment defined as basic requirements. Basic requirements and higher requirements will be different. Various criteria corresponding to different categories will also be provided including quantitative criteria for technique key‐points review and contents. In addition, administrative regulatory functions of planning, land, construction, environmental protection, the reform and financial and other related departments will be combined to set detailed regulations on project approval, program bidding, planning permission of construction, planning acceptance as well as green building‐related management activities. After the enact of the " GREEN DEBVELOPMENT RULES ", government‐funded construction projects, the road construction, reconstruction and extension in central area, CBD area with high‐tech and other important sections, the habitation, office, shopping malls and hotel construction within the CDP 2035 boundary will fully achieve the national "Green Building Evaluation Criterion" four star level. The energy‐saving will also achieve the level of 50%. 7.9.1 Guiding Effects.
The planning and design of green buildings to create a green‐featured, environmental protecting and energy saving in its life cycle, comfortable and efficient modern enterprise city through the design and appropriate use of green technologies. At the macro level, the wind path will be taken into account to form several major "Wind Corridors", which Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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can ensure the ventilation along the dominant wind direction in the whole city (Figure 8). It will also emphasize on three‐dimensional design of the Green Space System. At the micro‐level, some green design techniques such as natural ventilation design in the underground garage, shading systems, elevated roofing system, solar energy and air‐source heat pump system will be applied. 7.9.2. Enforcing controls Measures:
7.9.2.1 Vehicular Pollution Control
1. Introduction of new vehicles 2. Improvement in fuel quality 3. Phasing out and improvement in used vehicles 4. Up gradation of PUC systems. 5. Centralized inspection and maintenance system for vehicles 6. By‐passing the transit traffic 7. Proposing of 2T oil for two stroke engine 8. Checking adulteration of fuels 9. Introduction of cleaner fuels LPG / CNG 10. Institutional plans for implementation of gaseous fuel programmes 11. Introduction of bio fuels like ethanol and bio‐diesel 12. Traffic and transport management both for private and public vehicles 13. Fiscal measures to discourage the use of more than 15 years of old vehicles. 7.9.2.2 Industrial Pollution Control
1. Installation of adequate pollution control measures in industries 2. Monitoring programme of industries 3. Increase in the number of monitoring stations and their frequency 4. Monitoring of additional pollutants 7.9.2.3. Other Action Points
1. Installation of automatic Air Monitoring Stations 2. Development of Air Quality Inventory 3. Health impact study of Air Pollution 4. Check on use of generator sets 5. Check on burning of bio‐mass in open 6. Plantation and green coverage 7. Paving of roads / footpaths and good carpeting 8. Traffic Planning 9. City Planning Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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10. Cleaner fuel 11. Check on adulteration of fuel 12. District Level Task Force headed by Collector to monitor the implementation of the Air Pollution Control Action Plan 7.10 SWOT ANALYSIS
7.10.1 Strength 2. All monitored natural water sources for water pollution analysis in Waraseoni, has within limit concentrations of relevant parameters, either as desirable or as permissible limit. Overall both type of waters i.e. surface water and ground water are satisfactory in regards of all analyzed parameters. 3. Most of the values of ambient air quality are well within stipulated NOx concentrations limit for 24‐hr average, 80 µg/m3 as prescribed for residential, rural and other areas in NAAQ Standards of CPCB. 4. Availability of good fertile Soil in agglomeration and of surrounding area. 5. Natural feature like river forming boundary on south west, river banks, and lakes, natural drains within boundary and around the city and pockets of deciduous forest around the extended boundary. 6. Waraseoni indicates the wide scope for Silk farming and Saja plantation. 7. Waraseoni city has all potential to be developed as eco‐city. 8. The people of Waraseoni are keen to improve the city via beautification and showed their willingness to provide support. 7.10.2 Weakness 1. Agriculture and environment go hand to hand. The development interventions of these areas call for an understanding of dependency of the two purposes on each other. 2. The city has inadequate quantum of drainage disposal infrastructure which leads to water pollution and health hazards. 7.10.3 Opportunity 1. Conserve and augment critically endangered flora and fauna. 2. To improve the institutional and technical capacities of the Forest Department for biodiversity conservation and 3. To identify and initiate processes of change in order to overcome policy and institutional barriers hindering the sustainable management and conservation of the environment. 4. Plantation of Saja at large scale for silk butterfly farming. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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7.10.4 Threat 1. The agglomeration area faces the threat of indoor air pollution. 2. Continuous flow of regional traffic contributes significantly to carbon emissions in the city. 3. The ever increasing number of regional traffic to Waraseoni and floating population, who travel by private vehicles, can cause the threat to present air quality of no‐pollution. 7.11 KEY ISSUES
1. The goal is to conserve globally significant biodiversity while at the same time improving the standards of living of local people. This will occur through knowledge intensive biodiversity‐
friendly activities so that local stakeholder’s intensity of forest resource use is reduced, while the value‐added incomes and livelihood benefits derived from the resources are increased. 2. The agglomeration area faces the threat of indoor air pollution. 3. As the bio‐gas has been considered one of the important non‐conventional energy sources, there is an urgent need to educate people to use biomass fuel in the protected ways like by using bio‐gas Chullah etc. where the user is not directly exposed to the smoke and other pollutants. 4. Continuous flow of regional traffic contributes significantly to carbon emissions in the city. The ever increasing number of regional traffic to Waraseoni and floating population, who travel by private vehicles, can cause the threat to present air quality of no‐pollution. 5. The increasing quantum of solid waste, like generation of rotten vegetables and fruits will be equally large and the absence of proper disposal and treatment facilities of this waste is clearly felt in the wake of the large scale pollution of the tanks. 6. The city has inadequate quantum of drainage disposal infrastructure which leads to water pollution and health hazards. The tanks in and around city limits are in the state of deterioration which affects the area around. The problems like mosquito breeding, odour and shabby surrounding actually reducing the high potential of the area. 7. The tanks which are alive or have a part under water require rejuvenation. The de‐siltation and beautification of area around the tanks would improve the environmental condition of town. The water availability also requires urgent attention. Especially Shankar Talao needs immediate attention. 8. The region requires especial approach to boost agriculture, horticulture, medicinal plant crop, fish culture, livestock farming and silk farming. Especial hybrid seeds for low water crop are required to be introduced for better economy. New methods and type of Cultivation like floriculture, etc. also need to be introduced. •
To conserve and augment critically endangered flora and fauna Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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•
To improve the institutional and technical capacities of the Forest Department for biodiversity conservation and •
To identify and initiate processes of change in order to overcome policy and institutional barriers hindering the sustainable management and conservation of the environment. 9. The effort for Preserving Flora – Fauna and vegetation cover is to ensure the conservation and sustainable use of globally significant dry land biodiversity. This can be achieved by Conserving biodiversity in community managed areas (pastures, grasslands, sacred forests) peripheral to the project sites, which provide habitat / corridors for endangered species. To develop and implement sustainable alternative livelihood options and ensure the conservation of domesticated and agricultural biodiversity. 10. By carrying out upstream activities to ensure the conservation of biodiversity within the protected area and their buffer zone, as well as to incorporate biodiversity conservation into existing land‐use and development plans and environmental legislation. 11. The people of Waraseoni are keen to improve the city via beautification and showed their willingness to provide support to Municipal Council for such initiative. Municipal Council can also engage NGOs for such beautification of city, development of green space or landscaping work. By doing such program Municipal Council can make city environmentally sustainable. 12. The following is an indicative list for the preserving Urban Environment a. Strengthen the management of existing protected areas (develop and implement management plans) b. Clarify the status of protected areas, determine boundaries, gazetting. c. Establish biological corridors to ensure safe migration of species. d. Build the capacity of Government institutions and local communities involved in conservation activities and develop better communication and coordination networks. e. Improve management of sacred groves, community forests and grasslands by helping define roles, responsibilities of stakeholders and mechanism to ensure control and responsibility. f. Improve database and inventory of dry‐land biological resources and indigenous knowledge. g. Develop and implement strategies to control exotic, invasive species. h. Add value to indigenous uses of biodiversity, improve technology. i. Public awareness and environmental education. j. Conserve domestic and agro‐biodiversity. k. Provide input into development of land‐use plans and amendment of environment policies for dry‐lands at the state and national level. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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7.12 SECTOR SPECIFIC STRATEGIES
1. Formulation of environmental regulation for maintain zero‐carbon eco city. The detailed study shall be conducted for evaluation of all possible aspects to finalise the same. 2. Develop a new RIVER front facility that incorporates riverbank development, new pavilion for the tennis courts/bowling, panoramic café/terrace, environmental education and youth facilities. Encourage the private sector to become involved in the development process. 3. Developing silk farming with induction of seeds for large scale pupa production and focusing attention on diversifying the quality of silk as conventional type and green type on year‐
round basis. This should include new establishments and opportunities to redevelop/re‐
position existing ones. Establishment of silk development board to enhance conventional silk manufacturing and green silk manufacturing. 4. Improved links, providing access for all to the RIVER banks rationalize the existing car park area, to reduce pedestrian vehicle conflicts and to allow it to be closed to vehicles and used as a civic space for events and as an area for pedestrian activity during busy periods. Balanced mix of hard and soft landscape at problematic areas to reduce dust. Cleaning of lakes, nallahs and de‐siltation of river, installation of green bridges to purify water of water bodies. 5. Plantation of grass, trees like neem etc. to stop soil erosion and dust particles in the air and to have pure air. Balanced mix of hard and soft landscape at problematic areas to reduce dust. 6. Rainwater harvesting with such purified water will reduce contamination of ground water and to increase ground water table. 7. Development of Fish Farming, prawn cultivation and other water related aqua‐culture. The region lies in Sausar group; mining department will be established to explore the potential of the region to extract mineral potential like copper etc. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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Chapter 8 HERITAGE AND CONSERVATION
History of any town reveals the past glory of the emperor/founders/makers of the town. Many a times the unique historical character of a town found speeded to larger region marking its importance. The history also interest many scholars/scientist/ art lovers and tourists, with their different and specific reasons. 8.1 IDENTIFICATION OF HERITAGE STRUCTURES/AREAS
Waraseoni town & the area around have many important historical characters revealing an important past. But the city itself does not have many structures to make it an important heritage city. 8.1.1
Heritage structures
In the middle of the 19th Century the upper part of the district was a lightly settled, but a handsome Buddhist temple of cut stone, belonging to some remote period, is suggestive of a civilization which had disappeared before historic times. The first Deputy‐
Commissioner of the district, Colonel Bloomfield, encouraged the settlement of Baihar tehsil with Ponwar Marathas from the Wainganga Valley. The Waraseoni town is a very old town. The area about 15km from Waraseoni is said to have been visited by Lord Ram, (hence called Rampayali) has been declared as tourism place of national importance by Govt. of Madhya Pradesh. The tourism potential of the area has not been exploited to its fullest. There are a few interesting tourist attractions in and around the city. The river forming an edge of the town and also flowing through town can be developed to form green cover around 25% of developed area will make the town, the ideal place for nature‐tourism, the concept evolving recently in the field of tourism. Existing regulations/heritage guidelines at the ULB and state level The existing state heritage guidelines shall be followed for the preparation of detailed project. 8.2
RESTORATION & CONSERVATION - HERITAGE
GUIDELINES
8.2.1 Significance of the Religious - Historic Structure/Area
A. Assessment of Conservation Value This section sets out the cultural significance of the city through an assessment of the conservation values of local, regional, national and international importance; Understanding the full significance of cultural, base of Waraseoni is the basis for making informed and effective management decisions Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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and is therefore fundamental. It will assist in ensuring that the heritage values are protected for future generations and managed properly in the context of the wider city. B. Religious Value The built and un‐built spaces are a symbol of the spiritual belief of the people not only from the local community and region, but also as a whole from all over state especially the Hindus and Jain. C. Historic Value The presences of various temples and mosque have enriched the historical importance of the city. The traces of Harappa –culture and Pre‐Buddhist Aryan culture in the tehsil are the valuable. D. Architectural Value The Historic structure/area has high quality spaces that provide a unique visitor experience. The area is vernacular in character with late architectural features, materials and building technology adapted into it. E. Archaeological Value There are idols, sculptures, pillars surviving across the historic area from different time periods that are of archaeological significance. F.
Natural Heritage: The natural environment is of great importance to the historic area. The topography of the area, the Waingangā River have influenced and inspired the growth of the city. The city's origins and development are intimately bound up with the presence of the river. It is also an important landscape element and plays a crucial role in conveying floodwaters. 8.3 MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK FOR HISTORIC AREA
8.3.1 Statutory and Legal Framework
Conservation of acknowledged Heritage buildings in cities, and villages falls under the purview of Archaeological Survey of India, Department of Archaeology, Government of MP and Public Religious Charitable Trusts. 8.4
TOURISM CIRCUITS AT REGIONAL LEVEL
There is enough potentiality to develop the tourism spots for one day to three days–tourism circuit. The construction of requisite infrastructure will make the district a visited place for regional tourists. Waraseoni has religious structure like Jain Temple, Shankar Lake, and other six lakes, Rampayali temple, Chandan river bank. The lake conservation and up‐gradation of the park/green spaces within the city limit also have potential to attract the local tourists. The area can be developed and increased from the land lying vacant around river‐bank and on western side of town. There are spots where people go for picnic etc. these spots lack basic facility, other attractions include gaushala on Katangi road, Jain temple on old Rampayali road. There are other historical places such as the Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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majestic temple of lord Hanuman on river Chandan and museums at Sonakhar and Devdongari are very famous. 8.5
INSTITUTIONAL SET- UP AND MANAGEMENT
The responsibility for management of heritage structure and tourist spots rests with the district and local administration. For buildings owned by Trusts, there exist institutional mechanisms for their management and upkeep. The local administration can have direct or indirect role in specific programs or initiatives related to heritage conservation and development of tourist importance spots. 8.5.1 Financial Arrangements
There are no especially allocated resources for religious, tourism development & heritage conservation in the city. No entry charges to the religious & heritage buildings are levied. Governments (Local and State), are the primary stakeholders in religious & heritage conservation. In addition to being the owner of religious & heritage conservation assets, they are responsible for initiatives that impact religious & heritage conservation. Under national and state’s tourism policy & lake/river development these spots can be developed for better interest. 8.5.2 Regulations for Conservation and Maintenance
In Waraseoni city to conserve and maintain heritage structures and ancient sites important regulations for conserving and maintaining them can be enforced. These regulation as a part of CDP will ensure the development, maintenance and beautification of these areas to the best of practice. 8.6
TOURISM POTENTIAL OF TOWN
There is not much as far as tourism is concern in Waraseoni. The Urban and natural Elements that exists in the city can redevelop to make a mark in the recreation zone. 1.
The local tourist spots are also a day out places: beautiful river bank, tanks, heritage structures and forest pockets. The area can be developed and increased from the land lying vacant around river‐bank and on western side of town. The city has few spots for the residents as a day‐out entertainment. There are spots where people go for picnic etc. these spots lack basic facility. The Shankar Lake, with focused development can be a beautiful picnic spot. The construction of stop dams on Chandan River will make water to retain in the length of river within the CDP 2035 boundary, so that it will have enough water throughout the year. Jain temple is observed grand celebrations. The length of Chandan River abutting on south‐west side is 12.8km. 2.
The Dhuti Dam is built on Wainganga River and it is around 85 km. away from Balaghat near Lamta. The Dam is oldest; it was constructed during year 1911‐23. The Dam height is 26.6 ft and its length is 4040 ft and width 881ft. Maximum water level of Dam is 1077.5 ft. The Dam mainly serves the irrigation purpose of the villages. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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3. The protected forest pockets near khapa, Chandanpur, Tumari, Ambatola, Maharajpur and Thanegaon are located outside the extended boundary under CDP 2035, can be developed under social forestry. The saj plantation near Khapa can become a tourist attraction and educational spot with silk worm/butterfly farming. The induction of green silk concept will also increase the environmental awareness in respect of silk worm. 8.7
SWOT analysis
8.7.1 Strength 1. The city has potential to be developed as eco‐agro trading city. The infrastructure needs to be developed to support the potential. 2. Lakes, River banks and religious spots and surrounding area can be developed as local tourist spots. The area can be developed and increased from the land lying vacant around river‐banks. 3. The development plan will generate a large employment generation and also handsome economic revenue. 8.7.2 Weakness 1. The deteriorating stage of lakes and river. 2. The Chandan river becomes dry in other seasons leaving monsoon. 8.7.3 Opportunity 1. The protected forest outside the boundary of city limits as per CDP2035. A strategic opportunity exists in this location to provide educational facilities via silk farming in such a way that it re‐
establishes the open vistas, whilst connecting the economic and uniqueness of the town. 8.7.4 Threat 1. Unmanaged tourist spots pose problem to environment. 8.8
KEY ISSUES - Heritage & Tourism
1. Reuse of historical important buildings for uses that would not damage the building, ease the process of maintenance and conservation. 2. All the lakes, River banks and religious spots and surrounding area can be develop as a tourist spot. The area can be developed and increased from the land lying vacant around river‐banks. 3. Exploration of historical traces will enhance the importance of tourism for leisure and study. 4. Need is to improve and introduce new means of transport to ease the movement of tourists. 8.9 SECTOR SPECIFIC STRATEGIES
Development of natural spots a. The sites identified as tourist potential shall be assessed and evaluated to determine its viability relative to the investment that it requires. b. A silk farming park with conservation and preservation measures to be developed. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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Chapter 9 EXISTING INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK
9.1 Government Departments in Balaghat
All important government departments like Tehsil Office, Municipal council, Forest Department, Police department, Forest ranger department, APMC etc. are present in Waraseoni. These departments have their territory to govern/work spanning as their own definition. For example, forest department has a Circle office and Division office. Following list gives the name of Government, Public and semi‐ Government organizations/ departments exists in Waraseoni:‐ 1.
Banks ( Nationalized , Co‐operative) 2.
Co‐operative department 3.
Session court 4.
Education department 5.
Electrical department 6.
Forest department 7.
Handloom department 8.
Manganese Ore India ltd. 9.
Municipal Council 10. N.C.C. & N.S.S. 11. Panchayat and rural development office 12. Police department 13. Post and telegraph office 14. Public enterprises 15. Public health and engineering department 16. Public health and family welfare department 17. Public relation department 18. Public works department 19. Railway department 20. Revenue department 21. Rural industries department 22. Silk department 23. Tahsil office 24. Telephone department 25. Transport department Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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9.2
URBAN LOCAL BODY STRUCTURE
Land, infrastructure, and services provide the foundation for the development of a city. Their efficient and equitable provisioning is central to economic growth and poverty reduction. Within the general pattern observed in country, the development and provision of land, infrastructure, and services in Waraseoni is regulated by a string of law, procedures and Government orders, whose administration and enforcement rest with the State Government, City Government and specific purpose authorities. Waraseoni is “B” class municipality with population less than one lakh as per census 2001. The Waraseoni Municipal Council is the key institution for the provision and management of basic urban infrastructure such as water and waste water disposal services, garbage disposal, citywide roads and street lighting. As per our observation and discussion with the officials of the Municipal Council, it is been understood that there is inadequate technical staff in the organization. There are 6 departments in the municipality and their respective heads directly report to the Chief Officer, whose responsibilities are over and above his 'span of control' (referring to practicality and standards prescribed in the theory of public administration). There are multiple departments that have similar job nature and technical expertise, which could be combined with the hierarchy recognized. In order to strengthen the system to provide efficient, quality and sustainable services, there is an immediate requirement to take up a comprehensive study based on the service delivery requirements and revamp the present human resource management. 9.3
KEY ISSUES - Institutional Framework
1. Identify capacity building, training needs: Municipal Council has limited institutional and technical capacity to plan and implement projects, lack of technical capability for conceptualizing, planning and implementing city developmental works, as also in managing them. 2. For present population, Municipal Council has to upgrade their capacity with staff as well as equipment facility for maintenance. Municipal Council needs to put up a demand for upgrading the setup to the Government. 9.3.1 Absence of appropriate management information system (MIS)
Most of the systems and procedures in the ULB are traditional manual systems, involving maintenance of registers manually. Inadvertently, over time the record keeping has been inadequate and critical information required for planning and decision‐making is often not available when required. This may be attributed to shortage of manpower as also the absence of a system of information maintenance and management. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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CDP Waraseoni, M
Madhya Pradesh
omputeriz
zation:
9.3.2 Limited co
puters, their application is very limitted, primarily due to the lack of Despite the availabiility of comp
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uld be adopted Formulaation of a HR
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unicipal Council should draft d
and ad
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dressed deveelopment ellements like HR mainten
nance, rewaards and inceentives, training and development, recruiitment systems, career p
planning etc. Maintenance: Rationalizattion of recru
uitment syste
ems, policy aand plan for addressing the daily a. HR M
wage workforce, w
i
including m
mechanisms for regularrizing/termin
nating theirr services, cohesive function
nal structurees with detaailed staffingg patterns and job desccriptions, pro
ompt filling up gaps Creative
e Circle, Nagpur.
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arising out of retirements / resignations, continuous manpower planning to ensure availability of desired quantity and quality of manpower for various functional departments, etc. b. HR Productivity: Preparing and implementing a mechanism for performance assessment and performance‐based rewards and incentives. The policy for rewards and incentives could consider factors of performance, initiatives, commitment, training/capacity building initiatives and target achievements, etc. The focus of such a mechanism / policy could ensure employee satisfaction and enhance productivity. c. Right‐Sizing: Adopting multi‐skilling technique to ensure most effective utilization of Municipal Council staff and to achieve the objective of right sizing. A multi‐skilling technique through appropriate training of existing staff for different complementary functions would help in better utilization of Municipal Council staff and achieving the objective of right sizing. 9.3.3 Training/Capacity Building
The Municipal Council staff and elected members alike need to be exposed on a continuous basis to modem / alternate methods of planning and development. The strategy for training and capacity building should cover a. Carrying out a detailed training needs assessment to address reorganization and restructuring based on Municipal Council’s functional requirements, considering current staff qualifications, skills and exposure at all levels; b. Structuring and implementing a change management orientation program for all levels of Municipal Council staff and convincing them of the "need for change" and hence need for relevant training and capacity building. The program could highlight challenges that the Municipal Council is likely to face in the near term in terms of knowledge and skill gaps at different levels, demands of the reforms process, functional mechanism etc. c. Developing comprehensive training programs for different levels of Municipal Council staff and elected councilors, strategically addressing skills/knowledge enhancement needs of the Municipal Council. 9.3.4 Absence of E-Governance application
Presently the Municipal Council lacks in usage of E‐governance application. Usage of this application will help the Municipal Council to: a. Streamlining systems and procedures: The Municipal Council’s mainstream operations are presently manual and at each step human intervention is involved which is time consuming and depends on availability and capacity of the key staff. Maintaining records on an easily retrievable form and developing an integrated database is necessary for efficient management. There is also a felt need to streamline procedures in order to cut down response times and for efficient service delivery. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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Development of an integrated database would provide a good tool for monitoring consumer base, licensing, taxation, and service delivery and also ensure integrated billing and collection, and strengthen Municipal Council revenue collection function. b. Development of an integrated system: Following applications have been proposed to be taken up: Finance/accounting modules, Citizen Facilitation Centers in Wards and important places, Human Resource Management, Material Management, Estate Management, Fleet Management and property tax assessment. c. Customized software application for simplifying building construction approval procedures: It is proposed to put in place a customized software package as a tool to simplify procedure for approval of building and sites for construction. Municipal Council should plan to make obtaining of construction permissions a citizen‐friendly exercise, which will encourage property owners to seek legal permissions for their intended developments. Use of GIS and IT tools will be integrated. Municipal Council should also propose to outsource the creation of the Planning and Construction Dept. Absence of use of latest planning tools: Presently the Municipal Council lacks in usage of latest planning tools like GIS based application. Development of GIS based application: GIS based application should be proposed for land use management and property tax assessment. GIS should be proposed as a decision support tool for planning, managing and maintaining local body or Municipal Council. It includes both spatial and spatial information required for facility/assets management, tax assessment and collection, solid waste disposal and management of grant of plan approvals/permissions with customized tools. a Assessment of land use patterns b Assessment of property tax c Assessment of land use / floor space index violation d Assessment of ownership change / sales transaction e Analyze a property for grant of approval/permission 9.3.5 No land bank:
Though Municipal Council has land bank, but it is not in position to allocate site for implementing projects for providing infrastructural facilities both engineering and social infrastructure. 9.3.6 No adherence of building regulations
Building Regulations are not strictly followed by the builders & developers, even Municipal Council cannot manage to control the development as they have faced problem of skilled staff. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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9.4
Town and Country Planning Dept- M.P.
The activities of Town and Country Planning Department (T &CPD) are guided by the provisions of the Madhya Pradesh Nagar Tatha Gram Nivesh Niyam, 1973 (the Rules). The State Government, as per provisions of the Rules declares a region including major urban areas and its surrounding settlements as a planning area, and orders the preparation of a development plan for the region. The implementation responsibility of the development plan proposals vests with the Waraseoni Municipal Council and the Madhya Pradesh Urban Development Authority within their respective jurisdictions. Enforcement of development control regulations and other guidelines vests with Waraseoni Municipal Council areas within its territorial jurisdictions and with T&CPD in the rest of the planning area. However, in case of large commercial and residential developments within Waraseoni Municipal Council, a "no objection certificate" from T&CPD is mandatory for sanctioning building plans. 9.5
Development Authorities
Urban Administration and Development Department With the enactment of the 74th Constitution Amendment Act, major urban related tasks have been transferred to Local Bodies. The Government of Madhya Pradesh (GoMP) through its Urban Administration & Development Department (UADD) is responsible for overseeing urban sector reforms, in terms of capital investment in basic infrastructure for the Urban Local Bodies (ULB's). The UADD is also responsible for implementation of various public welfare schemes sponsored by the Central and State Governments. Some such schemes include Conversion of Dry Latrine Program, Swarna Jayanti Urban Employment Scheme, National Slum Development Program, Social Security Group Insurance Scheme, Janashri Insurance Scheme etc. These schemes are implemented through the District Urban Development Agency. Being the parent organization of Municipal Councils/Corporations, UADD monitors the functioning of all municipal Councils/Corporations in the state. 9.6
Public Health Engineering Department
Public Health Engineering Department PHED has been given the responsibility of planning, design and construction of the water supply, sewerage and drainage projects of the Municipal Corporations (MC) since 1995. Under this arrangement, the financial and administrative sanction for a project comes from the PHED. The assets, however, have to be transferred to the MC on completion for operation and maintenance. Though, the PHED staff's works under tile functional control of the MC, their administrative control remains with the PHED. PHED Executive Engineer's office is situated at Balaghat. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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9.7
Madhya Pradesh Housing Board
Madhya Pradesh Housing Board (MPHB) falls under the administrative and functional control of the Housing and Environment Department of GoMP. The operations of the Board are governed by the provisions of the Madhya Pradesh Housing Board Act, 1972. Although MPHB is a Semi‐Governmental Organization, GoMP rules and regulations pertaining to establishment and administrative matters are applicable to it. 9.8
Madhya Pradesh Pollution Control Board
Implementation, supervision and monitoring activities pertaining to Central Pollution Control Acts and Rules vests with the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), Government of India, and the respective State Pollution Control Boards formed/constituted under its rules. Madhya Pradesh State Pollution Control Board (MPSPCB) headquartered in the state capital, Bhopal, carries out its operations through ten regional offices, each located at the divisional headquarters, 4 sub regional office, 2 monitoring centers and 3 single window offices. The main function of the regional offices is to monitor the implementation of provisions of various Acts governing pollution control and prevention. 9.9
Issues
1. To have a sustainable development, the co‐operation of various departments is necessary. 2. The MCW lacs in number and skilled personnel to take the projects. 3. The handling of huge funds require expert knowledge and training. 9.10 Sector specific Strategies
1. Capacity building of organization forming important role in implementation of Establishment of CDP. 2. Experts from other departments and from specialized fields shall be engaged for the period of implementation. Before handling the reins to MCW, a detailed assessment shall be carried to finalize the handling. 3. Time Management is utmost necessary to make the project successful. 4. Establishment of “Special area development agency ( SADA)” for a period of initial 10 yrs to achieve the required pace of development. The SADA will be authorised to take all the decisions within its board and shall be dependent on the MC elected body of the city. 5. Before handling the reins to MCW, a detailed assessment shall be carried to finalise the handling. If it is found that MCW is not equipped, in such case the period of SADA shall be extended. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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Chapter 10 : INVESTMENT PLAN & FINANCING STRATEGIES
The first step in analyzing the financial position of Municipality is to differentiate and categorize the account heads into revenue account and capital account through a budget recasting exercise. For the purpose of financial assessment, financial data pertaining to the last five years (2006‐07 to 2008‐
09) have been recast into a standard format. Municipal Council current accounting System is cash‐based; income and expenditure heads are maintained on a cash basis. All the expenses towards regular maintenance are treated as revenue expenses, while expenses on new projects are treated as capital expenses. The Municipal Council accounts can be classified under two major heads, revenue account and capital account. The revenue sources of the Municipal Council may be broadly classified as internal or operating income and external receipts. Internal income includes receipts from the operations of the Municipal Council, in the form of taxes, water and Conservancy charges and fees and charges on other services etc. General heads of internal sources are: 1. General tax and other taxes levied by the Municipal Council such as property tax, Water tax and Entertainment tax. 2. Income from properties rent receipts from lands, buildings, and other properties 3. Income from municipal services such as receipts from services Education, health and hospital, public health, etc. 4. Miscellaneous income heads such as income from investments and sale proceeds 5. External fund sources include revenue grants from State and Central Government, loans and contributions for projects. 6. Expenditure incurred towards establishment, operation and maintenance of services, as well as repayment of loans are treated as revenue expenditure. Expenditure on asset creation and investments in new projects or purchase of equipment are treated as capital expenditure. 7. Advances, deposits and any item of income or expenditure, which is temporary in nature is treated and accounted for under the extraordinary account. This account head is not analyzed as the items in it are temporary in nature and have no impact on the overall financial position of Municipal Council. 10.1 Revenue account
The following sections provide an in‐depth review of the revenue account, in order to assess the Municipal Council fiscal status and to provide a base for determining the potential of each of the sources and the ability of Municipal Council to sustain the extent of planned investments. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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The revenue account comprises two components ‐ revenue income and revenue expenditure. Revenue income comprises internal resources in the form of tax and non‐tax items. External resources constitute of shared taxes/transfers and revenue grants from the State and Central Government. Revenue expenditure comprises expenditure incurred on salaries; operation & maintenance cost; contributions and donations; and debt servicing. Figure 10.1 Bar Chart Revenue Account : Revenue Income 2007‐08 M.Tax
Spl. Purpose Grant
Other Tax Rcpts
Grants (Inclu.
Interim)
Water Tax
10.2 Revenue Income
The revenue sources of Municipal Council can be broadly categorized into own sources, assigned revenues, grants and contributions. The source wise income generated during the review period is presented below. The detailed income and expenditure statement, the sect oral contributions and the growth rates of each item. Own Sources Own source income includes income from Consolidated tax (Including Property Tax, Light Tax etc.), other taxes and non‐tax income in the form of development charges, income from municipal properties, fees & fines and other miscellaneous income. Consolidated tax is inclusive of Property Tax, Light Tax. Conservancy Tax etc. The detailed break up of consolidated tax is not available with Municipal Council. Non Tax Revenue Non‐tax sources include all non‐tax revenues such as fees and charges levied by Municipal Council. These sources include income from building license fee, development charges, trade license fee, births and death certificate, income from municipal properties and other fees and fines. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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External Sources External sources mainly include grants from local funds and grants from the State and the Central Government. External sources contribute 38.02 % of Municipal Council total revenue income. The growth of these income sources is inconsistent owing to the unrealistic nature of these sources. Table 10.1: Municipal Revenue Income Year Revenue Account Receipts (Rs. Lakh) Tax Non‐Tax Transfers Total including grants 2005/06 62.83 20.20 96.49 179.52 2006/07 83.49 55.41 84.33 223.23 2007/08 83.29 56.69 175.28 315.26 142.01 55.11 1597.11 1794.23 2008/09 (Anticipated) The revenue income of Municipal Council has grown to a level of Rs. 315.26 lakhs in FY 2007‐08 from Rs 179.52 lakhs during FY 2005‐06, registering a CAGR of 32.52 percent, while revenue expenditure increased at a CAGR of14.82 percent. This projects a moderate financial condition of Municipal Council; Municipal Council has consistently maintained a revenue surplus of an average 25.51 % of its revenue income. However, the pressure of capital expenses on the revenue account is increasing year after year. This situation demands expenditure control measures and planned capital investments on the part of Municipal Council. The important government body looking after the maintenance of civic life is Municipal Council. The following table 9.2 and 9.3 state the financial condition. Similar to many other Municipalities, Waraseoni municipal council’s primary source of revenue is property taxes. The collection practices, tax assessment procedure, ration of collection costs to revenues and estimated expenditures shows the economical status of the municipal council. Financial Status of Waraseoni Municipal Council and budget: Financial Data last 3 years 10.3 Revenue expenditure
Table 10.2: Municipal Revenue Expenditure Year Revenue Account Expenditure (Rs. Lakh) Establishment (wages Operation & maintenance & Interest Others Total payment salaries) 2005/06 28.24 Creative Circle, Nagpur.
160.51 5.35 23.06 217.16 Page 210
2006/07 27.51 167.34 7.42 15.57 217.84 2007/08 23.33 236.24 6.74 20.01 286.32 29.23 1692.59 18.20 29.60 1769.62 2008/09 (Anticipated) The revenue expenditure of Municipal Council has been analyzed, based on expenditure heads. These have been broadly classified into the following department sections of Municipal Council ‐ general administration & tax collection, water supply, roads & drains, municipal works, conservancy, street lighting, town planning and the miscellaneous like gardens and libraries. Revenue expenditure is further classified under establishment (mainly comprising salaries and wages); contingencies (O&M) and debt, servicing. The application of funds by account head is presented in Table 13.4, which indicates that the overall revenue expenditure registered a CAGR of 86.72 % against the CAGR of revenue income 32.52 %. 10.3.1
Establishment expenditure
Establishment expenditure accounts for an average 76.93 % of total revenue expenditure and registered an annual growth rate of 15.87% during the review period. Water supply, Conservancy and general administration accounts for maximum the share of establishment cost at 18.77 % and 16.38% respectively, Highest being the Public Works Department expenses of 33.05%. Table 10.3 Sector‐wise establishment expenditure Head General Admin. Exp. Water supply Public works Street lighting Fire services Kanji House Misc. Pension Total Cost incurred in service provision (Rs. Lakh) CAGR 2005‐06 2006‐07 2007‐08 110.54 28.41 42.72 11.52 0.46 0.48 1.54 11.30 206.97 36.56 41.91 73.77 2.91 1.88 0.65 1.66 12.35 171.69 34.65 48.35 116.69 5.37 0.86 0.56 5.05 10.38 221.90 ‐44.01 30.46 65.26 ‐31.71 37.05 8.05 81.04 ‐4.17 3.55 Avg. % share of Total Exp. 16.38 18.77 33.05 1.30 0.86 0.29 0.74 5.53 76.93 The O&M expenses of the Municipal Council are reasonable, preventive or periodic maintenance plans are in place and are of day‐to‐day nature. This is against handling of all core municipal services like water supply, sewerage, drainage, roads, solid waste management etc by Municipal Council itself. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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10.3.2
Operation and maintenance expenditure
Table 10.4 O & M Expenditure Expenses Rs. In Lacs CAGR Avg. % share Financial Year 2005‐06 2006‐07 2007/08 of Total Exp. Water supply & sanitation 26.57 31.95 39.75 22.30 16.67 Public Works 3.27 2.92 8.25 58.90 1.31 Street Lighting 5.70 11.36 8.06 18.90 5.09 Total 35.54 46.22 56.06 25.59 23.07 Within the total O&M expenses 16.67% is spent on Water supply and sanitation, 1.31% on public works. About 5.09 % of total revenue expenditure is spent over streetlight maintenance. During FY 2007‐08, the total O&M expenses of the Municipal Council were Rs. 56.06 lakhs. During the review period, O&M expenses have grown at CAGR of 25.59 %. It indicates Municipal Council is trying to put their efforts in maintaining their level of service by periodic repairing and maintenance of the infrastructural services. 10.4
Key financial indicators
Table 10.5 Financial Status at a Glance Year All figures in Lacs Revenue Account 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 CAGR (Anticipated) Previous Balance 65.04 62.68 68.07 97.01 Revenue Income 179.52 223.23 315.26 1794.23 32.52 Revenue Expenditure 217.16 217.84 286.32 1769.62 14.82 Surplus / Deficit 27.40 68.07 97.01 121.62 88.16 Capital income of Municipal Council comprises own resources in the form of loans and internal transfers from revenue to capital account for utilization towards asset creation. It is observed that external sources in form of grants contributing in capital income during the review period. It is also observed that capital expenditure has been inconsistent during the review period; this trend can be attributed to the availability of revenue surplus. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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Table 10.6: Application of funds by head of Account Head 2008‐09 2007‐08 2006‐07 2005‐06 CAGR Expected (Rs. Actual (Rs. Actual (Rs. Actual (Rs. In lacs) In lacs) In lacs) In lacs) General Administration 29.23 23.33 27.51 28.24 1.16 Public safety (Fire) 75.56 19.29 16.16 17.68 62.28 facilities 280.78 98.19 79.39 98.04 Public Works 1335.25 118.76 71.79 44.00 211.91 Public Education 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.79 8.32 Partial Donation 0.00 10.38 0.00 0.00 0.00 Others 29.60 9.63 15.57 23.06 8.68 Spl. Revenue & Loan 18.20 6.74 7.42 5.35 50.36 SUB TOTAL 1769.62 286.32 217.85 217.16 101.23 Final Balance 121.65 97.04 69.07 73.35 18.37 GRAND TOTAL 1891.27 383.36 286.92 290.51 86.72 Public Health and 42.01 The establishment expenditure alone accounts for over 76.93% of revenue expenditure. In terms of revenue income 16.38% of total revenue income is spent on General administration, which is in reasonable range. O&M expenditure accounts about 23.07% of the total revenue expenses, clearly showing that municipal services have very less preventive or periodic maintenance plans in place. Municipal Council’s financial status is revealed by the Financial Indicators presented in Table given below. Table 10.7 Financial Indicators S.N. Indicator Finance Indicator based on 3 year average
A Resource mobilization 1 Per capita income 2 Sources of funds i Share of own source in total
Revenue income Average
Unit Value Minimum Maximum
%
882.81
Rs.
672.19 1145.66
Taxes 32.94
%
26.42 37.40
Non‐ taxes 18.02
%
11.25 24.82
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ii Grants and subsides 49.04
%
37.78 55.60
3 Growth in income sources i Own source receipt Taxes 16.32
%
‐0.24 32.89
Non‐ taxes 88.33
%
2.31 174.34
ii Grants and subsides 47.62
%
‐12.60 107.85
iii Growth in total receipts 32.79
%
24.35 41.23
B Expenditure management 1 Per capita expenditure 886.87
Rs.
801.00 1056.10
2 Functional allocation i Share of establishment 11.26
%
8.15 13.00
ii O&M expenditure 77.75
%
73.91 82.51
iii Debt servicing expenditure
2.74
%
2.35 3.41
iv Other expenditures 8.25
%
6.99 10.62
v Estab. Expend. in total rev. income
38.28
%
34.58 45.59
3 Growth in expenses i Establishment expenditure
‐8.89
%
‐15.19 ‐2.58
ii O & M expenditure 22.71
%
4.26 41.17
iii Other expenditures ‐1.98
%
‐32.48 28.52
iv Total revenue expenditure
15.87
%
0.31 31.44
C Performance 1 Operating ratio 1.00
Ratio 0.91 2 Per capita performance assessment
i Growth in per capita total income
ii Growth in per capita revenues, grants, subsides, 45.43
30.82
contributions %
1.21
22.50 39.13
‐13.90 104.76
% iii Growth in per capita revenues income
30.82
%
22.50 39.13
iv Growth in per capita establishment expenditure
97.33
%
‐16.45 ‐4.03
v Growth in per capita revenue expenditure
14.15
%
‐1.18 29.48
vi Growth in per capita O&M expenditure
20.89
%
2.71 39.08
10.5
Key Issues and Conclusion
1. Grant is an essential part of Municipal Council budget. 2. Tax recovery against total demand is very low. 3. The cost recovery on property tax, consolidated tax, education cess and water supply amounts to Rs.39.87 lacs which is creates a gap in budget proposals. Recovery percentage is Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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65 % and balance is 35 %, hence tax and cess collection work may be given to private agency to improve collection efficiency. 4. Billing system for tax collection is to be improved for increase in revenue. 5. Due to unavailability of proper infrastructure and technical staff Municipal Council is not in position to perform effectively and efficiently. 6. Total establishment cost of Municipal Council is quite high against total income/revenue received from various sources. 7. A planned approach for economic sustainability and development is required as an urgent measure. 10.6 Sector specific Strategies and action plan
10.6.1 Strategies
The strategies for the financial soundness of the corporation shall be focussed on the long‐term goal of self‐sustainability in finances. Hence the long‐term financial strategies include. 10.6.1.1 Devolution of funds. In accordance with the recommendation of more than one Finance Commission, funds devolved by the state and central governments would contribute to the revenue sources of the council. It is proposed to put these funds into use under the Capital Improvement Programme uncovered by investment plans. 10.6.1.2 Regular tax base revision and exploration of other revenue sources. The tax base should be revised regularly after every two years. Apart from these, new sources of revenue generation shall be explored. 10.6.1.3 Maintain transfer of revenue surpluses. Maintaining the transfer of revenue surpluses to capital funds in the manner that is being followed is necessary for the sustenance of the Capital Improvement Programme during the next five years and also in the long run. This is also necessary to keep the finances of the council in a sound position. 10.6.1.4 Effective collection performance. The present collection performance of the taxes and charges by the council is not very sound. Measures shall be incorporated to improve the collection performance of both current and arrears further. 10.6.1.5 Effective cost recovery mechanisms. The most effective cost recovery mechanism is an appropriate tax base and sustainable user charges and fees. Will and determination should be shown towards upwards revision of tax and user charges. Collection from public places in the form of user charges/ fees shall also be revised but not without efficient maintenance of the systems. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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10.6.1.6 Improved auditing performances. In view of the Commercial Double Entry Accounting System introduced into the council, the intricacies involved in the maintenance of accounts are high and hence the auditing operations required under this system shall be enhanced to oversee the effective maintenance of accounts. 10.6.2
Action Plan
1. Maintaining the collection performance 2. Shift from “Annual Letting Value” concept to that of “Area Based” property tax structure to generate more revenue and mitigate legal matters 3. Upward revision of water supply tariff and user charges after every four years. 4. All plan proposals to be formulated by basing on the Corporate Plan Proposals Capacity building measures Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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Chapter 11 INVESTMENT PRIORITIZATION PLAN
11.1 Basis for project identification
City Investment Plan as align with the identified vision for Waraseoni town has been prepared through a comprehensive process of assessment of gaps in the physical and social infrastructure sectors. This assessment has also led to the identification of sector‐specific strategies, implementation actions and associated reforms with specific inputs from stakeholders. The strategies adopted primarily have three dimensions ¾ Improving service delivery by efficiency measures ¾ Improving service delivery by creating infrastructure assets ¾ Improving the governance aspects of the Municipal Council. This section summarizes the capital investments required for creating infrastructure assets and various strategic interventions required in the implementation of such projects; these strategies are both investment‐oriented and administration‐oriented. 11.2
City Investment Plan (CIP)
The City Investment Plan is the multi‐year scheduling of identified and prioritized investments. The scheduling or phasing of the Plan is based on studies of fiscal resources availability (for new investments and O&M), technical capacity for construction and O&M, and the choice of specific improvements to be carried out for a period of four years. The CIP is needed for: ¾ Realization of city growth and meeting of infrastructure needs (to be carried out once in every five years) ¾ Scheduling of investments of ongoing projects due to cost and / or time overruns ¾ Assigning of priorities within the constraints of available financial resources 11.2.1
Institutionalizing the CIP Process
The City Investment Plan is an important element of the CDP and is significant in terms of the town's management process and sustainability with regard to the delivery of basic services. The CIP also provides a framework for the annual budget cycle of Municipal Council for the future 5 year period. As a part of the Waraseoni CDP, the CIP prepared includes the following: ¾ Desired norms and standards for infrastructure services; ¾ Roles and responsibilities of various stakeholders in the implementation of identified projects ¾ Project phasing and strategies for implementation. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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Waraseoni Municipal Council is the primary agency responsible for delivering municipal services and hence the CDP proposals ought to be implemented by Municipal Council. The project prioritization, investment phasing, strategies and action plan are framed accordingly. The CIP involved the identification of public capital facilities to cater the demands of the city population by the year 2015, 2025 and 2035 according to their short, medium and long‐term infrastructure needs. The project identification has been done through a demand‐gap analysis of the services. Further, project prioritization and strategizing of the investments/ phasing of investment are based on strategies, listed under each service sector as identified through stakeholder consultations. The projects derived are aimed at ensuring the optimal and efficient utilization of existing infrastructure systems and enhancing the capacity of the systems/ services to cater the demands of future population additions. Certain other projects listed as part of the CIP include developmental projects other than those addressing the core service sectors viz. system modification, etc. The CIP and the forecasted future needs for provision of capital facilities under each identified sector are presented below. These assets will help Waraseoni City to universalize services for the current population as well as accommodate the expected increase in population. In sectors where long‐term planning is required (for example, source development for water supply and development of landfill site etc.), the planning horizon till the year 2035 is considered. Assets created in such sectors consider the projected population in respective horizon year. 11.3
Summary of Investments
The total estimated capital investment required for providing efficient services to the present population and future population of Waraseoni by the year2035 is Rs.450.93 crores at constant prices. Table 11.1 Capital Investments S.N. Investment Rs. In Crore 1. Total Investment need for Waraseoni 450.93 2. Total Investment need for Waraseoni by 2015‐16 290.46 11.4
Project identification
The planning horizon for core service sectors of water supply, sewerage, drainage, solid waste management, land use/development planning, basic service to Urban Poor and other projects is 2035. Hence, only a part of the identified investment is proposed for funding by 2015‐16. Waraseoni will need to plan for the remaining identified investment to be funded beyond 2015‐16, but before 2021. The table below presents the summary of sector‐wise total investment needs and investments up to 2015‐16. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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11.4.1
Projects for system and infrastructure Augmentation
Table 11.2 Sector wise Capital Investments 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Total investment need upto 2035 (Rs. In Lacs) Water Supply 867.27 Sewerage 1889.84 Roads and urban transport including parking 5348.44 Storm Water Drains 3015.64 Street Lights 332.52 Conservancy and Sanitation 784.45 Urban Poor 2192.00 Agricultural College & Research Centre 1000.00 Veterinary College, research Centre & Hospital 350.00 Schools 280.00 300 Bedded Hospital 588.00 80 Bedded Hospital 252.00 Polyclinic / Nursing Home 110.00 % Share of 2015 with Total Investment Cost of 2015 1.92 4.87 9.42 6.52 0.59 1.29 5.01 2.75 0.96 0.19 1.62 0.69 0.30 % investment till 2015 against Total Investment of 2035 64.19 74.83 51.15 62.81 51.94 47.87 66.38 80.00 80.00 20.00 80.00 80.00 80.00 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 S.N. Community Hall / Library Club Sports Centre Theatre Meditation Centre Police Station Police Post Gardens development Green Belt Area Mandi Bus Stand Truck terminal River & Lake Beautification Cleaning and bunding of natural drains Sector 27 28 29 30 Bail Bazar Industrial Area Urban Governance & capacity building Silk plantation & silk farming 36.00 80.00 75.00 25.00 40.00 5.00 380.00 390.00 120.00 110.00 220.00 325.00 230.00 Total investment need upto 2035 (Rs. In Lacs) 45.00 4000.00 20.00 460.00 0.10 0.22 0.21 0.07 0.00 0.01 1.05 1.07 0.33 0.30 0.61 0.90 0.63 % Share of 2015 with Total Investment Cost of 2015 0.12 6.89 0.05 1.27 80.00 80.00 80.00 80.00 0.00 80.00 80.00 80.00 80.00 80.00 80.00 80.00 80.00 % investment till 2015 against Total Investment of 2035 80.00 50.00 70.00 80.00 31 Weaving and dying unit for Silk and Handloom 240.00 0.66 80.00 32 33 Fish Farming Social Forestry 130.00 200.00 0.36 0.55 80.00 80.00 S.N. Sector Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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CDP Waraseoni, M
Madhya Pradesh
34 F
Flouri Cultur
e 150.00 0.41 80.0
00 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 Rain Water H
R
Harvesting A
Anicuts on C
handan riverr F
Food and fru
uit processingg unit C
Cold storage
M
Marketing un
nit R
Redevelopm
ent of core ccity area S
Stadium F
Funeral / bur
rial ground D
Dhobi Ghat M
Mineral expl
oration centtre F
Fruit Process
sing units H
Handloom u
nit W
Warehouses
N
Non Conveentional En
nergy impleementation p
program A
Agro Trading
g units W
Watershed D
Developmentt P
Power Secto
r 100.00 400.00 110.00 220.00 220.00 350.00 785.00 150.00 50.00 50.00 135.00 80.00 1500.00 3200.00 0.28 1.10 0.30 0.61 0.61 0.96 2.70 0.41 0.17 0.14 80.0
00 80.0
00 80.0
00 80.0
00 80.0
00 80.0
00 100.00 80.0
00 100.00 80.0
00 600.00 750.00 12102.67
45093.82
100.00 64.4
41 49 50 51 G
GRAND TOTA
AL 11.5 Sector
S
wiise Inves
stment need upto
o 2015
O
Others
Water Sup
pply
68%
2%
S
Sewerage
Roads a
and4%
urban
transport
includiing
parkin
ng Water
Sttorm
12%
% Drains
Urban Poor
5%
Cons
servancy
and Sanitation
2%
6%
Streett Lights
1
1%
ble above, Out of total Funding requirement up tto 2035, 64.41% It can bee observed ffrom the tab
of the id
dentified invvestment neeed is propossed for funding by 2015‐‐16. From the perspectivve of Creative
e Circle, Nagpur.
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sector priorities, with 10% Road and Urban Transport is followed by Storm Water Drain and Water supply with 6.5% & 2% respectively. Sewerage follows with 5 % of the identified investment by 2015‐16. Investment identified for other works is 70%. With the total investment proposed by 2015‐16 for Waraseoni Municipal Council, maximum share of investment is taken by Road and transportation for Rs.2735.77 lacs followed by Surface Drain accounts for Rs.1893.97 lacs followed by Sewerage system at Rs. 1414.17 lacs. Water Supply sector accounts for Rs. 556.70 lacs, Urban Poor sector accounts for Rs. 1455 lacs. Sector wise percentage contribution is shown in pie chart above. Sector wise details of the CIP, capital facilities identified to be created, supportive actions and implementation aspects/ strategies are discussed in the following sections in detail. Demand‐gap assessment for each sector is discussed below and the summary of capital investment phasing under each sector is presented in table below. 11.6
Sector Wise CIP Details - Capital Needs/ Investments
11.6.1 Water Supply
Table 10.3 Water supply Demand‐Gap Assessment DEMAND ‐ SUPPLY ‐ GAP FOR WATER SUPPLY
Service head
Indicator
Current Desired
level level
as
per UDPFI
guidelines
Unit
Service levels, Demand and Gap
Existing Year 2015
Year 2025
(2009)
Demand
Per
capita
Daily supply supply
60 lpcd
Treatment
capacity
against
Treatment
supply
0
Distribution
network
length
Distribution against road
network
length
38%
E.S.R.
capacity
E.S.R. capacity w.r.t. supply
48%
Refurbishment of old 0
distribution network
Gap
Demand
Year 2035
Gap Demand Gap
59601
135 lpcd
Mld
3.58
8.88
5.30
10.33
1.45
11.86
1.54
100%
Mld
0
8.88
8.88
10.33
1.45
11.86
1.54
85%
Km
13
18
5.00
22
4.00
30
8.00
33%
ML
0.63
2.93
2.30
3.41
0.48
3.92
0.51
0 KM
Km
0
0
0.00
0
0.00
0
0.00
65763
76485
87883
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11.6.1.1 Sector Strategies and investment need
Strategy identified By Augmenting distribution system and Wainganga River shall be use as a source of water to reduce dependency on ground water source and strive for equitable distribution of potable water to all through piped supply. Expected Outcome Assured ability to meet year 2035 demand Total Investment Need Rs. 867.27 lacs 11.6.1.2
Long-term needs (2035)
The desired level of per capita supply is proposed at 135 Ipcd as per the standards. The total quantity of Water supply required is estimated to be in the range of 11.86 MLD against the current supply of 3.58 MLD. Accordingly, treatment capacity and an additional elevated storage of 3.92 ML capacity are required at 33% of total Water supply by 2035. The total investment need for water sector by 2035 is estimated at Rs. 867.27 lacs. However the above mentioned gaps in the system are proposed to be filled in phases in line with the quantum of population addition. Accordingly part of the identified investment is proposed to be funded by 2015‐16 to cater the current gaps and meet the immediate requirements. 11.6.1.3
Priority needs (2015-16)
A sum of Rs. 556.70 lacs (64.2% of total investment need in the water supply sector) is the capital cost estimation for the proposed interventions for the augmentation of water supplies through Wainganga River, improvement of distribution network and provision of additional storage reservoirs by 2015‐16. While the present ground water extract requires disinfection only, Waraseoni Municipal Council proposes to have a treatment facility for future extracts from ground water. Hence based on authentic analysis to be conducted by ground water resources irrigation department on the quality of ground water and reliability, Waraseoni Municipal Council may act upon providing treatment facilities at an appropriate time. 11.6.1.4
Action Plan
Table 11.4 Action Plan for Implementation of Water Supply System Water Supply 11‐12 12‐13 13‐14 14‐15 15‐16 Rs.556.70 Lacs 83.52 167.01 139.17 83.50 83.50 Capital Treatment Facilities Distribution network Investment upto 2015‐16 Storage capacity Refurbishment of old distribution network Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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Support & Metering system System Regularize Sustenance connections, check leakages and measures reduce UFW unauthorized Improve collection to reach 70% collection efficiency by 2015‐16 Revision of tariff after every 4 years Other actions •
/ Measures •
•
•
•
•
•
Sector Note •
•
•
Performing Monitoring Indicators •
•
•
•
•
•
Conduct water sample and reliability analysis for ground water and assess the appropriate time for providing conventional treatment facilities Prepare an asset inventory and map the water supply systems for effective monitoring The planning should take into account agglomeration area proposed within the Waraseoni Municipal Council Controlled Area limits, but lacking in basic infrastructure. Conduct a water audit and leak detection study to identify leaks, unaccounted for water (UFW) and worn‐out networks for refurbishment Facilitate regular checking of internal plumbing and storage systems at the consumers end by licensing service providers Promote individual house service connections (HSCs) even in slum locations and discourage public stand posts (PSPs) as a policy measure and to increase accountability. Transfer the billing and collection responsibility to the revenue department (house tax) to reduce cost of collections Municipal Council shall be primarily responsible for the implementation of all the suggested actions Capital investments on system refurbishment and replacements shall happen only after conducting a water audit and identification of UFW sources. Improvement of collection efficiency is applicable to both arrears and current demand Assess gaps and investment needs also include the urban poor / slum locations. Daily per‐capita water supply 135 lpcd Elevated service reservoir capacity w.r.t. supply (33%) Distribution network reach as 85% of road length System coverage – Water HSCs as 75% of PT assessment Cost recovery through user charges (100% O&M expenses) 11.6.2 Sewerage
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Table 11.5 Sewerage System Demand‐Gap Assessment DEMAND SUPPLY GAP FOR SEWERAGE SYSTEM
Service head
Indicator Current Desired
level
level
as
per
UDPFI
guideline
s
Unit
Existin
Year 2015
Year 2025
g (2009)
Year 2035
Demand Gap Demand Gap Demand Gap
System
coverage
Collection
system
Treatment
Collection
/ length
against
road length
Treatment capacity against supply
59601
65763
76485
87883
0%
80%
Km
0
16
16
21
5
29
8
0%
100%
MLD
0
7.10
7.10
8.26
1.16
9.49
1.23
11.6.2.1
Sector strategies and investment Need
Strategy identified Capacity expansion and up gradation to UGD of the existing Open Drain collection and conveyance system to match additional water supply and provide for environmentally safe disposal Expected Outcome Synchronization with water supply capacity Total Investment Need Rs. 1889.84 lacs 11.6.2.2
The demand‐gap assessment above presented is against an assumed sewerage generation of 80% of water supply that is 9.5 MLD by 2035. Identified investments in the sector are meant to upgrade open drain to Underground distribution networks in line with the proposed increase in water supply and road network, as well as refurbishments to the existing network and augmentation of sewerage treatment plants. The system plans to cover 70% of the population and 85% of the road network for efficient service delivery. Construction of public convenience systems in the immediate future to cater the needs of the urban poor is also envisaged as a part of the sanitation sector. The total investment need for sewerage sector by 2035 is estimated at Rs. 1889.84 lakhs. However the above mentioned gaps in the system are proposed to be filled in phases in line with the quantum of population addition and augmentation of water supplies to the town. Accordingly part of the identified investment is proposed to be funded by 2015‐16 to cater the current gaps and meet the immediate requirements. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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11.6.2.3
Priority Needs (2015-16)
A sum of Rs. 1414.17 lakhs (75 % of total investment need in the sewerage sector) is proposed for sewerage infrastructure by 2015‐16. Priority capital investments are expected to cater the current service gap as well the medium‐term needs of the estimated population by 2025. Accordingly, 16 KM of sewerage network is proposed to be put in place by 2015‐16. Sewerage treatment of 7.10 ML through new sewerage treatment plants (STPs) is proposed by 2015‐16. Further, Municipal Council will need to plan beyond 2015‐16 for further augmentation of capacity by another 2.4 ML of STP and about 13 KM of Distribution network to cater the long term needs of 2035. 11.6.2.4
Action Plan
Table 10.6 Action Plan for Implementation of Underground Sewerage System 2011‐12
2012‐13
2013‐14 2014‐15
2015‐16
Rs.1414.17 Lacs 141.44 282.82 424.25 353.54 212.14 Investment upto 2015‐
16 Capital Conveyance and rising mains for Facilities capacity augmentation Collection network augmentation by about 16 km Sewerage Treatment Plants having 7.1 ML capacity Support & Refurbishment of old distribution System network Ensure every house tax Sustenance assessment & water connection is also measures co‐related to the UGD Improve collections to reach 80% collection efficiency by 2015‐16 Other actions / Measures •
•
•
•
•
•
•
Sector Note •
•
Segregate sewerage system storm water lines. Prepare a comprehensive UGD master plan to explore the possibility of the Decentralization of the system of operations for effective service delivery. The planning should take into account outgrowth area falling within Municipal's limits, and lacking in basic infrastructure. Promote the use of Decentralized Waste Water Treatment Systems (DEWATS) in areas that cannot be served by the centralized system and in appropriate spot locations where the use of DEWATS is beneficial. Plan the UGD system and ensure the location of STPs so that benefits are maximized. Improve and ensure access to sanitary facilities for the urban poor and slum dwellers. Encourage pay & use category of public conveniences with community involvement in the maintenance of the same. Municipal Council shall be primarily responsible for the implementation of all the suggested actions There is no system of sewerage tariff, based on the number of Septic tanks/soak pits the cost should be laid down of service even it should be linked with water supply. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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•
Assess gaps and investment needs also include the urban poor / slum locations. •
•
•
Collection network reach as % of road length (min 85%) System coverage ‐ UGD HSCs as % of water supply connections (min 90%). Cost recovery through user charges (100% O&M expenses) Performing Monitoring Indicators 11.6.3 Roads, Street Lighting, Urban Transport and Traffic Management
Table 11.7 Traffic & Transportation, Street light Demand‐Gap Assessment DEMAND‐SUPPLY‐GAP FOR TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORTATION
Service head
Indicator Current Desired
level
level as per
UDPFI
guidelines
Unit
Existing Year 2015
Year 2025
(2009)
Demand
Per
capita
Degree
of
road length
connectivity
(m)
Road surface Concrete (%)
BT (%)
WBM (%)
Earthen (%)
Total Municipal Road Langth
Up gradation WBM to CC
WBM to BT
Earthen to BT
New formation CC
BT Improvementt Widening &
s to identified strengthenin
major roads
g, etc.
ROBs/Flyover
Junction Traffic improvemen
Management t
0.50
Gap
Demand
Gap
Year 2035
Demand Gap
59601
0.96 m
Km
24.05
63.13
39.08
73.43
10.29
84.37
10.94
15%
74%
0%
0%
Km
Km
Km
Km
13
6.8
9.47
46.72
0.00
0.00
56.19
0.00
39.92
0.00
0.00
11.01
54.33
0.00
0.00
65.35
1.54
7.62
0.00
0.00
12.66
62.43
0.00
0.00
75.09
1.64
8.10
0.00
0.00
4.25
24.05
65763
76485
87883
4.25
44.17
7.62
8.10
KM
10
Km
0
5
5.00
10
5.00
10
0.00
Nos
3
Nos
0
2
2.00
3
1.00
3
0.00
7
Nos
3
3.00
5
2.00
7
2.00
11.6.3.1
Sector Strategies & Investment Need
Strategy identified Increase carrying capacity through widening and improve riding quality through strengthening of existing roads. New roads will cater missing links and developing areas. Remove Encroachment Expected Outcome Hassle‐free travel on the roads, safe driving during nights Total Investment Need Rs.5680.96 lacs 11.6.3.2
Identified investments based on the demand‐gap assessment above presented are meant for the up gradation of existing un‐surfaced roads; new road development; widening and strengthening of major roads; traffic management systems and junction improvements; provision of street lighting, etc. An average road width of 7 mt, a total length of 84.37 km of road network would provide a fair degree of connectivity at an average of 0.96 meters per capita by 2035. Installation of lighting systems on the roads will be in line with new roads development and shall maintain a spacing of not Creative Circle, Nagpur.
Page 226
more than 30 mt per light pole. Improve identified major roads and the construction of ROBs at various critical intersections to achieve an efficient traffic management system. The total investment need for roads, street lighting, and transportation and traffic management sectors by 2035 is estimated at Rs 5680.96 lacs. However the above mentioned gaps in the system are proposed to be filled in phases in line with the area being developed and quantum of population addition. Accordingly 51% of the identified investment for Road and Urban Transport is proposed to be funded by 2015‐16 to cater the current gaps and meet the immediate requirements. 11.6.3.3
A sum of Rs. 2735.77 lacs (51 % of total investment need) in the roads and transport sector and Rs. 172.71 lacs (52 % of total investment) in the street lighting sector is proposed by 2015‐16; this sum includes investment for organizing all utility corridors for better service management. Priority capital investments are meant to cater the current service gaps and medium‐term needs of 2025. As a long‐term strategy, Municipal Council proposes widening / strengthening and improvement of important roads of the city along with the construction of two ROBs, would be planned. Also, every new road shall be designed to have utility corridors as a part of better asset management practice; the cost of this facility is in‐built into road improvement cost. 11.6.3.4
Action Plan
Table 10.8 Action Plan for Implementation ‐ Traffic & Transportation and Street Lighting Investment upto 15‐16 Capital Facilities 11‐12
12‐13
13‐14 14‐15
15‐16
Rs.2908.50 Lacs 290.80 727.12 872.55 581.74 436.29 New formations of BT roads
Road Widening & Strengthening
Improvement of identified major corridors
ROB, improvement traffic system and junction improvements Street lighting (about 1151 poles with fixtures to be installed and 229 tube lights to be replaced by high power lamps) Improve collections to reach 80% collection efficiency by 2015‐16 Other •
Road widening of main roads Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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actions / Measures •
•
•
Regional traffic passing through city needs to be bypassed, Ring Road should be implemented as per master plan proposal Enforcement to use Hawker zones, identified by Municipal Council to avoid encroachments Provide parking plots and introduce parking fee in prime areas or in commercial area Provide road side footpath facilities for pedestrian, provision of signboard, indicators to prevent accidents Rail over bridge on Balaghat and Katangi road Design of new roads shall necessarily have provision for shoulders, foot paths, utility ducts and storm water drains under the foot paths, landscaped median and concealed cabling for lighting system. Construction of new roads shall be integrated with drain construction (i.e., for any new road drainage facility to be planned and constructed first) Street lighting systems shall comprise automation of switching, dimming mechanism, etc. Assess gaps and investment needs also include the urban poor / slum locations. •
•
•
Road network – degree of connectivity in terms of per capita road length (min 0.96 M) Road condition – Percentage of municipal roads surfaced (100% CC / BT surfacing) Street lighting – Spacing between two poles not to exceed 30 m •
•
•
•
•
Sector Note •
Performing Monitoring Indicators 11.6.4
Storm Water Drainage
Table 10.9 Storm water drainage Demand‐Gap Assessment DEMAND‐SUPPLY‐GAP FOR STORM WATER DRAINAGE
Service head
Indicator Current
Desired
level
level
as
per UDPFI
guidelines
Unit
Existing Year 2015
Year 2025
(2009)
Demand
Road length
Newtwork
covered with
0.00
reach
drains (%)
Kutcha open Network ‐ type (%)
Pucca open 45.00%
(%)
Pucca closed 0.00%
(%)
Total network length
Augmentation
/
Up‐gradation of Pucca Improvements open to pucca closed
New Pucca open drains
New Pucca closed drains
Desilting & strengthening of Primary Drains
11.6.4.1
100%
0%
0%
0%
59601
Km
0.00
63.13
0.00
0.00
14.00
0.00
Km
Km
Km
Km
Km
Gap
65763
63.13
Demand
10.29
0.00
63.13
63.13
87883
84.37
11
0.00
0.00
63.13
0.00
14.00
Gap Demand Gap
76485
73.43
Year 2035
0.00
10.29
73.43
73.43
10.94
84.37
84.37
14.00
Km
Km
49.13
10.29
10.94
Km
Strategy identified Increase carrying capacity through widening and improve riding quality through strengthening of existing roads. New roads will cater missing links and developing areas. Remove Encroachment Expected Outcome Hassle‐free travel on the roads, safe driving during nights Total Investment Need Rs.3015.64 lacs Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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11.6.4.2
Identified investments based on the demand‐gap assessment above presented are meant for construction of 84.37 Km of new pucca closed drains to cater service gaps by 2035. The system plans to cover 100% of the road network for service efficiency. The total investment need for drains sectors by 2035 is estimated at Rs. 3015.64 lacs. However the above mentioned gaps in the system are proposed to be filled in phases in line with the road network being developed and quantum of population addition. Accordingly 63% of the identified investment is proposed to be funded by 2015‐
16 to cater the current gaps and meet the immediate requirements. 11.6.4.3
A sum of Rs. 1893.97 lacs (63% of total investment need in the drains sector) is proposed to be invested in storm water drainage by 2015‐16. Priority capital investments are meant to cater the current service gap as well as to the medium‐term needs of the proposed storm water drainage network by 2025. The majority of the investment is dedicated to the formation of new networks in un‐serviced and newly developed areas of Waraseoni. Further, Municipal Council will need to plan beyond 2015‐16 for further augmentation of network by another 21.24 km to cater the long term needs of 2035 11.6.4.4
Action Plan
Table 11.10 Action Plan for Implementation ‐ Storm Water Drainage 2011‐12
2012‐13
2013‐14 2014‐15
2015‐16
189.41 473.49 662.88 568.19 Investment upto 2015‐16 Capital Rs.1893.97 Lacs Formation of pucca closed drains
Facilities Support & Ensure that every divided road has System closed drains on either side and Sustenance undivided roads have drains on at least measures one side Other actions / Measures Sector Note •
•
•
•
•
Isolate storm water drainage from the sewerage system Identify, delineate, sanitize and protect the natural drainage system of the town Develop common washing areas in identified hawking areas with connections to treated water and drainage Ensure that all new roads designed make adequate provision for storm water drains Assess gaps and investment needs also include the urban poor / slum locations. •
•
•
Drainage network reach as percentage of road length (min 100%) All divided roads to have drains on either side and undivided roads on at least one side Drains to be cleaned before and after monsoon for better functioning Performing Monitoring Indicators Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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11.6.5
Conservancy (SWM) & Sanitation
Table 11.11 Conservancy & Sanitation Demand‐Gap Assessment DEMAND‐SUPPLY‐GAP FOR SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
Service head
Indicator
Current
Desired
level
level as per
UDPFI
guidelines
Unit
Existing (2009)
Year 2015
Year 2025
Demand
Per
capita
waste
120.00
250
generation
Collection 95%
100%
Waste collection performance
Vehicle Trips / vehicle 2.5
utilisation
per day Primary Nos. of Hand collection
carts Container bins (4.5 cum capacity 2.25 MT)
Secondary Dust bins (500 kg capacity collection
)
Dual loaded dumper placers (4.5 Cum)
Vehicle requirement Waste
transportation (Tractor + trolley) 2 tonne capacity
Landfill sites
Disposal
67%
Landfill infrastructure
33%
Composting infrastructure
Slums
/ Slum Sanitation
/ population 324
90 Person
/seat of public Public
convenience
conveniences
Waste
generation
Gap
Demand
Gap
Year 2035
Demand
Gap
59601
MT
3.00
16.44
13.44
19.12
2.68
21.97
2.85
MT
2.85
16.44
13.59
19.12
2.68
21.97
2.85
65763
76485
87883
Nos.
2
Nos.
0
132.00
132.00
153.00
21.00
176.00
23.00
Nos.
1
7.00
6.00
8.00
1.00
10.00
2.00
Nos.
25.00
33.00
0.00
38.00
5.00
44.00
6.00
Nos.
0.00
4.00
4.00
4.00
0.00
5.00
1.00
Nos.
2
3.00
1.00
5.00
2.00
5.00
0.00
Acre
Tonnes/day
Tonnes/day
15
0
0
3.00
2.01
0.99
0.00
2.01
0.99
0.00
3.35
1.65
0.00
1.34
0.66
0.00
3.35
1.65
0.00
0.00
0.00
Seat
5 X 10 Seated =50
407
900.00
526
119.00
652
127.00
11.6.5.1
Strategy identified Source segregation and door‐to‐door collection, effective transportation and environmentally safe disposal Expected Outcome Reduced waste generation, hygienic conditions and a clean city Total Investment Need Rs.784.45 lacs 11.6.5.2
The demand‐gap assessment above presented indicates generation of 22 MT of waste in the city by 2035 against the current generation of 03 MT at 120 grams per capita per day; the future generation of solid waste is assumed at 250 grams per capita per day. Accordingly, the requirements are planned for the horizon year 2035. At present Municipal Council separate landfill area for solid waste disposal at Sarandi with 15 Acre land which is sufficient for future landfill and composting purposes. About 13.5 tons capacity addition by 2015‐16 through increasing fleet size would be required for efficient primary and secondary collection of solid waste. The total investment need for conservancy and sanitation sectors by 2035 is estimated at Rs.784.45 lacs. However the above mentioned gaps in the system are proposed to be filled in phases in line with the road network being developed and quantum of population addition. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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Accordingly 48% of the identified investment is proposed to be funded by 2015‐16 to cater the current gaps and meet the immediate requirements. 11.6.5.3
A sum of Rs. 375.51 lacs (48 % of total investment need in the sector) is proposed by 2015‐16. Priority capital investments are meant to cater to the current service gap and the medium‐term needs of 2025. The requirements at the disposal site are planned for the horizon year 2035. Accordingly, infrastructure for land fill and composting is proposed on a total land of 15 acres. Infrastructure development for land fill would be a year‐to‐year capital expense. In line with these developments, augmentation of vehicle capacity by 08 tons would be required by 2015‐16 to meet the current gap and immediate needs. About 132 handcarts are proposed to be acquired; 06 container bins are proposed to meet the gap by 2015‐16. Further, Municipal Council will need to plan beyond 2015‐16 for further augmentation of vehicle capacity by 5.5 tons as well as the construction of more intermediate transfer stations in line with the changing land use pattern and waste generation trends, to cater the long‐term needs of 2035. The scheme of IHSDP was sanctioned and will be implemented by 2013. The scheme includes all the nine slums of city. After implementation of scheme the city will be slum free city. So there is no proposal made for construction of public convenience systems mainly to cater to the urban poor and slum locations. 11.6.5.4
Action Plan
Table 11.12 Action Plan for Implementation ‐ Conservancy & Sanitation Investment upto 2015‐16 Conservancy & Sanitation
2011‐12
2012‐13
2013‐14 2014‐15
2015‐16
Rs.375.51 Lacs 37.55 93.87 112.65 75.10 56.34 Capital Acquisition of new vehicles ‐three bin Facilities handcarts for door to door collection Acquisition of new vehicles for secondary collection Landfill construction and composting facility development at disposal site DLDP & Container Bins Construction of pay & use public convenience systems Support System & Implementation of complete door ‐to‐
door collection Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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Sustenance Awareness measures segregation Other actions / Measures •
•
•
•
•
•
Source segregation ‐ reduction of waste to be collected (min 70 % of waste generated) Door‐to‐door collection as percentage of households covered (min 80%) Optimum fleet utilisation (No. of trips/ vehicle/ day ‐ average minimum of 2.5) Vehicle capacity as percentage of rated capacity to waste generated (minimum 100%) •
•
•
•
•
Monitoring Indicators source •
•
Performing on Create a ward wise committee for better collection & disposal of solid waste Increase the ambit of Solid Waste Management to include "recycling" and to facilitate and regulate the sector accordingly Ensure optimum utilization of existing fleet Initiate information‐Education‐Communication (I‐E‐e) campaigns to raise awareness among the urban poor and slum dwellers of better SWM practices Initiate steps towards sharing the responsibility of primary collection of segregated garbage with citizens Develop decentralized waste processing sites at each zone and appropriate technologies Encourage pay & use category of public conveniences with community involvement in the maintenance of the same Municipal Council shall be the prime implementing agency for the sector For establishment of lntermediate Transfer Stations to reduce cost of transportation, identity sites which are cost effective Identity localized / decentralised locations for processing disposal/ reuse of bio‐
degradable and plastic waste Assess gaps and investment needs also include the urban poor / slum locations. •
•
Sector Note campaign 11.6.6
Slums and Basic Services for Urban Poor
11.6.6.1
The requirements in this sector are of immediate priority. Hence, the planning horizon for the sector is 2035 and accordingly projects and investments have been identified to be funded by 2035. A sum of Rs. 1455 lacs is the investment identified for various slum rehabilitation and improvement projects and for providing basic services to urban poor by 2015‐16. Of the identified investment, 100% of total investment has been allocated for improving and rehabilitating housing stock (about 1212 units) by year 2015‐16. As part of 10% own funding, it is proposed that 10% or Rs.30000/‐
whichever is less will be mobilised as beneficiary contribution. 11.6.6.2
Strategy identified Rehabilitation of slum dwellers currently staying in vulnerable areas and in proposed project locations, in‐site improvements and access to basic services and amenities Expected Outcome Improvement in quality of services for the urban poor, preservation of sensitive geographies, reduced vulnerability of urban poor, removal of slums by year 2015 Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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Total Investment Need Rs.2192.00 lacs 11.6.6.3
Action plan
Table 10.13 Action Plan for Implementation ‐ Urban Poor Investment upto 2015‐16 Capital Facilities Support Urban Poor 2011‐12
2012‐13
2013‐14 2014‐15
2015‐16
Rs.1455.00 Lacs 145.50 363.75 436.5 291.00 218.25 In situ and relocation of slums ‐ housing
Infrastructure development
& Inventory and geographical mapping of System all slums and infrastructure in slums for Sustenance Municipal Council measures Training for women in slums and urban poor towards self‐employment and other income generating activities. Other actions •
/ Measures •
•
Sector Note •
•
Performing Monitoring Indicators •
•
•
•
Providing for reservation of lands for the economically weaker sections (EWS) in each type of commercial / industrial / residential land use in the development plan Organising frequent meetings with slum dwellers towards encouraging participation in slum development programmes, creating awareness on beneficiary contribution to project development and also assuming responsibility of implementing the projects Facilitating and encouraging the neighborhood concept in slums to carry out recreational activities such as reading sports and drama Infrastructure and basic services provision in slums shall not be in isolation but in conjunction in line with overall infrastructure development in the city Awareness on health and hygiene shall be created among slum dwellers in line with the long‐term goal of moving towards individual toilets and doing away with public convenience systems Water Supply ‐Individual house service connections to all Sewerage ‐ Individual house service connections to all Sanitation ‐ Community toilets in the short run and individual toilets in the long run Solid Waste Management ‐ Coverage of all slum households under door‐to‐door collection and awareness campaigns on source segregation Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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11.6.7 INDUSTRIAL AREA &TRUCK TERMINUS
11.6.7.1
Strategy identified Development of land including infrastructure for industrial area Construction of truck terminal Expected Outcome More investment will be attracted which will give boost in the economy of the region Total Investment Need Rs.4220.00 lacs While MC does not have a direct role to play in the industrial development of the city or the region, they propose to play a proactive role in facilitating and supporting the same through identified projects from time to time. A sum of Rs. 4000 lacs for industrial area and Rs.220 lacs is the proposed investment for Truck terminal of which about 2176.00 lacs will be the invested upto 2015‐16. Table 11.16 Action Plan for Implementation – Industrial area and Truck Terminus Fire Service 11‐12 12‐13 13‐14 14‐15 2015‐16 Rs.2176.00 Lacs 217.60 435.20 652.80 544.00 326.40 Capital Development of industrial area Facilities Plantation of trees Investment upto 2015‐16 Construction of truck terminal Co‐ordination •
Facilitating economic development measures •
Industrial area authority shall co‐ordinate with MC 11.6.8 Urban Governance/ System Modernisation
A sum of Rs. 35.00 lacs has been proposed to be spent over the next five years towards system modernization, e‐Governance and link with computer programming all the projects. These projects would involve administrative reforms implementation, computerization efforts, GIS based systems development etc. These capital investments are expected to bring in more accountability and transparency in the administration of MC and thereby enhance MC reach to the citizens. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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Table 11.17 Action Plan for Implementation Urban Governance Urban Governance Investment upto 2015‐16 Rs.14.00 Lacs Capital Urban governance, Facilities programming, GIS systems, Systems 2012‐
2013‐14 2014‐
2015‐16 12 13 2.00 5.00 3.00 2.00 2.00 15 computer modernization Support 2011‐
& Implementation of double entry System accrual system of accounting Sustenance Implementing GIS based property measures tax system and support engineering services Rationalization of tax admin. process
Restructuring of administration systems Co‐
•
Urban governance & finance ordination •
Identifying the training needs of the staff (HR, Administration, Financial measures Management, Urban Governance, Service Delivery, Citizens Communication, IT) •
Involving city‐ based institutions in imparting training •
Publishing property tax records at the ward level and bringing in transparency in the system •
Carrying out of a cost audit of all the expenditure, incurred service‐wise and identify and assess sector‐wise expenditure to categorise specific expenditure control measures •
Communicating with the public and within the organization to build popular support for the reform initiatives •
Outsourcing Property Tax database management, demand notices generation, arrears collection, non‐core functions in the vehicle/ workshop department, etc. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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11.7 OTHER DEVELOPMENTAL PROJECTS
S.N
. 3 4 Phasewise investment required till Total year (Rs. In Lacs) investment need upto 2035 (Rs. In Lacs) 2015 2025 2035 Agricultural College & Research Centre 800.00 100.00 100.00 1000.00 Veternary College, research Centre & 280.00 35.00 35.00 350.00 Hospital Schools 56.00 196.00 28.00 280.00 300 Beded Hospital 470.40 58.80 58.80 588.00 5 80 Beded Hospital 201.60 25.20 25.20 252.00 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Polyclinic / Nursing Home Community Hall / Library Club Sports Centre Theatre Meditation Centre Police Station Police Post Gardens development Green Belt Area Mandi Bus Stand Truck terminal River & Lake Beautification Cleaning and bunding of natural drains 88.00 28.80 64.00 60.00 20.00 0.00 4.00 304.00 312.00 96.00 88.00 176.00 260.00 184.00 11.00 3.60 8.00 7.50 2.50 28.00 0.50 38.00 39.00 12.00 11.00 22.00 32.50 23.00 11.00 3.60 8.00 7.50 2.50 12.00 0.50 38.00 39.00 12.00 11.00 22.00 32.50 23.00 110.00 36.00 80.00 75.00 25.00 40.00 5.00 380.00 390.00 120.00 110.00 220.00 325.00 230.00 20 Bail Bazar 36.00 4.50 4.50 45.00 21 Industrial Area 2000.00 1200.00 800.00 4000.00 22 Urban Governance & capacity building 14.00 4.00 2.00 20.00 23 Silk plantation & silk farming 368.00 46.00 46.00 460.00 24 192.00 24.00 24.00 240.00 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 Weaving and dying unit for Silk and Handloom Fish Farming Social Forestry Flouri Culture Rain Water Harvesting Anicuts on Chandan river Food and fruit processing unit Cold storage Marketing unit Redevelopment of core city area 104.00 160.00 120.00 80.00 320.00 88.00 176.00 176.00 280.00 13.00 20.00 15.00 10.00 40.00 11.00 22.00 22.00 35.00 13.00 20.00 15.00 10.00 40.00 11.00 22.00 22.00 35.00 130.00 200.00 150.00 100.00 400.00 110.00 220.00 220.00 350.00 34 35 36 Stadium Funeral / burial ground Dhobi Ghat 785.00 120.00 50.00 0.00 15.00 0.00 0.00 15.00 0.00 785.00 150.00 50.00 1 2 Sector Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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S.N
. Sector 37 38 39 40 41 Mineral exploration centre Fruit Processing units Handloom unit Warehouses Non Coventional implementation program Agro Trading units Watershed Development Power Sector GRAND TOTAL 42 43 44 Phasewise investment required till Total year (Rs. In Lacs) investment need upto 2035 (Rs. In Lacs) 40.00 5.00 5.00 50.00 81.00 27.00 27.00 135.00 48.00 16.00 16.00 80.00 1200.00 150.00 150.00 1500.00 Energy 1920.00 640.00 640.00 3200.00 480.00 600.00 7511.64 20442.44 60.00 75.00 2017.45 5125.55 60.00 75.00 2573.58 5095.68 600.00 750.00 12102.67 30663.67 11.8 INVESTMENT PLAN
11.8.1 Investment Capacity and Sustenance of Municipal Council
The investment capacity of the Waraseoni Municipal Council has been assessed through a Financial Operating Plan (FOP) which gives a multi‐year forecast of finances for a medium term to long term. In line with the phasing of identified investment from 2011‐12 to 2015‐16 FOP has been generated for the same period for Waraseoni Municipal Council. A salient feature of the FOP is that all outstanding dues, including debt and non‐debt liabilities, have been taken into account. The accounts data collected between the years 2005‐06 to 2008‐09 are used as the basis for determining past trends in revenue and expenditure and arriving at appropriate growth assumptions for each income and expense item. After forecasting the revenue account, the capital investments proposed under the CIP are added to the forecast. The FOP is generated to assess the investment‐
sustaining capacity of Municipal Council. The project funding structure comprises grants under the UIDSSMT framework, internal resources and loans. The level of investment that Waraseoni can sustain is determined by studying the overall surpluses/year‐to‐year opening balance and debt service coverage ratio (DSCR=Net Operating Income/Total Debt Service). If the debt service coverage ratio (amount of surplus available to pay interest and to repay principal that is due) falls below 1.25 (Le. less than 25 % cushion), then the investments are reduced gradually till the DSCR exceeds 1.25 in all the years in the forecast period. The main items of income and expenditure, classified into the revenue account and the capital account, are projected in the FOP under the following categories: Categories of FOP Projections Revenue Account Receipts: Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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•
Taxes, Non Tax Sources, and •
Grants, Contribution and Subsidies Revenue Account Expenditure: •
Establishment •
Operation and Maintenance •
Debt Servicing‐ Existing and New Loans •
Phasing of non debt liabilities, and Additional O&M Capital Income and Capital Expenditure 11.8.2 Financing Strategies for the CIP
Municipal Council plans to raise resources and fund the CIP through: Grants available under the UIDSSMT framework (as percentage of investment proposed for funding by 2015‐16 in urban governance and the infrastructure sectors ‐ 80% Central Govt. grants and 10% State Govt. grants) Available internal resources and improving upon the same by •
Revision of the Annual Rateable Value at certain levels. •
Revision of water and sewerage charges at specific intervals •
Maintenance of the collection performance of taxes and charges at certain minimum levels for current and for arrears •
Borrowings 11.8.3 Finance Projections
Current revenue sources are projected under built‐in growth assumptions for income and expenditure items, to assess the impact of each such revenue enhancement measure being suggested. The projections also aim at estimating the surplus that will be available for servicing new debt. Part of the surplus, after meeting the additional O&M expenses on newly created assets and infrastructure, is translated into debt size and project size (grant component plus debt component) based on certain assumptions regarding interest rate, repayment method and loan grant mix. A spreadsheet FOP model has been customised to depict the financial position of Municipal Council and the investment‐sustaining capacity of Municipal Council has been assessed based on the FOP assumptions. The model was used to calculate future surpluses under various scenarios involving combinations of internal revenue improvement, state support, financing terms, etc. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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11.8.4
Municipal Account - Growth Projections and Assumptions
The standard assumptions under which the projections are carried out and certain expenditure control and revenue augmentation measures proposed in line with the mandatory and optional reforms under the UIDSSMT framework are presented below. The detailed assumptions and workings are presented in table below. Table 11.18 Important assumptions made in the projections Head Assumptions Guiding Factor for Assessing the Sustaining Capacity Surplus Positive surplus ‐ year‐on‐year basis DSCR Greater than 1.25 Project Financing ‐ for admissible Components under UIDSSMT New/Additional O&M ahd from second year of investment 6% growth is considered for the additional O&M Grant from Gol 80% of Proposed Projects under UIDSSMT Grant from GoMP 10%of Proposed Projects under UIDSSMT If Loan for Balance funding Repayment in 13 years, with 5 year principal moratorium @ 8 % interest rate Old Outstanding loans As per existing terms and conditions Head Assumption Revenue Expenditure Growth in Expenditure Average growth 10% (based on last five years trend) Assumption for assessment of Municipal Council’s sustainability Income Items Growth in revenue income Average growth 15% (based on last five years trend and demography) Property Tax Revision of Tax 25% every 4 years Collection Performance 100% by Year 2015‐16 Assumption for assessment of Public Health Engineering Department (PHED) sustainability Income Items‐ Water Supply Initial Water Tariff revision 25% every 4 years Collection Performance 100% by Year 2015‐16 Income Items‐ Sewerage 100% of Water supply connections by 2015‐16 Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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Sewerage Charge Same as water charge to start with (for full cost recovery) Tariff revision by 15% every four years Collection Performance 100% by Year 2015‐16 11.8.5
Investment Capacity /Sustainance
Given the existing financial position of Municipal Council, the revenue and capital accounts of Municipal Council are projected against the growth scenario and assumptions presented above. The FOP is generated from the sustainable investment point of view in line with current growth trends against the identified investment of Rs. 64497.87 crores at constant prices till 2015‐16. The results of the FOP are presented in 10.10 and the same is summarised below. Table 11.19 FOP Summary No. A B C D E F G H Particulars/Year Tax Non Tax Grants Additional Revenue due to Proposed Developments Total Expenditure: Establishment(Salary & Wages) Organisation & Management Interest (Refer Chart) Others Total Surplus Cumulative Surplus Requirement of Own Funds Own Margin/Loan (Refer Chart) To be Funded as Follows: Own Margin 8% Loan 2011‐12 2012‐13 189.02 207.92 73.35 80.69 2,125.75 2,338.33
2013‐14 228.71 88.76 2,572.16 2014‐15 251.58 97.63 2,829.38 2015‐16 276.74 107.39 3,112.32 ‐ 2,388.12
‐ 2,626.93
‐ 2,889.63 ‐ 3,178.59 1,176.82 4,673.27 38.91 2,252.84
8.29 42.80 2,478.12
17.48 47.08 2,725.93 27.01 51.78 2,998.53 22.52 56.96 3,298.38 17.59 39.40 2,339.43
48.69 111.18 43.34 2,581.73
45.20 156.38 47.67 2,847.68 41.94 198.32 52.44 3,125.27 53.32 251.64 57.68 3,430.61 1,242.65 1,494.29 129.58 273.10 421.95 351.88 274.85 25.92 103.67 54.62 218.48 84.39 337.56 70.38 281.50 54.97 219.88 Municipal Council receipts are expected to be 46.73 crores by 2015‐16 under the projection scenario. The revenue improvement and expenditure control measures, coupled with the availability of grants under the UIDSSMT and other framework, takes the investment capacity of municipal Council to Rs. 2.74 crores over the next five years against an investment need of 290.46 crores by 2015‐16. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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11.9 Financial Operating Plan (FOP)
The finance requirement for first five years has been mentioned in the tables under FOP (Financial Operating Plan). The Financial requirement for further years that is 2015‐16 to 2035 will have to be met through several sources. We propose that the Municipal Council does not depend on the State Government for the period of twenty years leaving the first five years where major investment (almost 50% of plan period 2010‐2035) has to be carried out. The requirement of funds for first five years for Waraseoni Municipal Council is 262 Crores of which they can manage @ 15 crores from their own sources, which is a dismal amount. But once the town is developed to its full potential it will no further require assistance from State or Central Government. The projected income for entire period of 25 years can be as under: The Projections are bases on proper implementation of CDP proposals. Sector wise capital investment need IN PHASES 2015‐25‐35 S.N. Sector Quantity Land Phasewise investment required till Total 2035 Requirement year (Rs. In Lacs) investment in Ha. need upto 2035 (Rs. In Lacs) 2015 2025 2035 1 Water Supply 11.86 Mld 556.70 150.54 160.03 867.27 2 Sewerage 67.49 km 1414.17 230.57 245.10 1889.84 3 Roads and urban transport including parking 84.37 Km 2735.77 1080.78 1531.89 5348.44 4 Storm Water Drains 84.37 Km 1893.97 432.31 689.35 3015.64 5 Street Lights 2812 Nos. 172.71 68.62 91.18 332.52 6 Conservancy and Sanitation 21.97 M.T. 375.51 157.61 251.33 784.45 7 Urban Poor 1455.00 310.00 427.00 2192.00 8 Others 20442.44 30663.67 8 Agricultural College & Research Centre 1 No. 50 acre 800.00 100.00 100.00 1000.00 9 Veternary College, research Centre & Hospital 1 No. 10 acre 280.00 35.00 35.00 350.00 10 Schools 35 56.00 196.00 28.00 280.00 11 300 Beded Hospital 1 No. 2.4 470.40 58.80 58.80 588.00 12 80 Beded Hospital 1 No. 2.4 201.60 25.20 25.20 252.00 13 Polyclinic / Nursing Home 2 1.46 88.00 11.00 11.00 110.00 14 Community Hall / Library 18 1 28.80 3.60 3.60 36.00 15 Club Sports Centre 1 2 64.00 8.00 8.00 80.00 16 Theatre 1 0.5 60.00 7.50 7.50 75.00 17 Meditation Centre 1 0.5 20.00 2.50 2.50 25.00 18 Police Station 1 1.54 0.00 28.00 12.00 40.00 19 Police Post 1 0.2 4.00 0.50 0.50 5.00 20 Gardens development 190 304.00 38.00 38.00 380.00 21 Green Belt Area 390 312.00 39.00 39.00 390.00 22 Mandi 20 acre 96.00 12.00 12.00 120.00 23 Bus Stand 88.00 11.00 11.00 110.00 Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 Truck terminal River & Lake Beautification Cleaning and bunding of natural drains Bail Bazar Industrial Area Urban Governance & capacity building Silk plantation & silk farming Weaving and dying unit for Silk and Handloom Fish Farming Social Forestry Flouri Culture Rain Water Harvesting Anicuts on Chandan river Food and fruit processing unit Cold storage Marketing unit Redevelopment of core city area Stadium Funeral / burial ground Dhobi Ghat Mineral exploration centre Fruit Processing units Handloom unit Warehouses Non Coventional Energy implementation program Agro Trading units Watershed Development Power Sector GRAND TOTAL 176.00 260.00 22.00 32.50 22.00 32.50 220.00 325.00 200 ha. 184.00 36.00 2000.00 23.00 4.50 1200.00 23.00 4.50 800.00 230.00 45.00 4000.00 14.00 368.00 4.00 46.00 2.00 46.00 20.00 460.00 7 5 Tanks Anicuts 192.00 104.00 160.00 120.00 80.00 320.00 24.00 13.00 20.00 15.00 10.00 40.00 24.00 13.00 20.00 15.00 10.00 40.00 240.00 130.00 200.00 150.00 100.00 400.00 1 No. 1 No. 88.00 176.00 176.00 11.00 22.00 22.00 11.00 22.00 22.00 110.00 220.00 220.00 1 No. 1 No. 1 No. 2 Nos. 5.0 Ha. 2.0 Ha. 0.5 Ha. 280.00 785.00 120.00 50.00 40.00 81.00 48.00 1200.00 35.00 0.00 15.00 0.00 5.00 27.00 16.00 150.00 35.00 0.00 15.00 0.00 5.00 27.00 16.00 150.00 350.00 785.00 150.00 50.00 50.00 135.00 80.00 1500.00 640 1920.00 480.00 600.00 7511.64 29046.28 640.00 60.00 75.00 2017.45 7555.98 640.00 60.00 75.00 2573.58 8491.56 3200.00 600.00 750.00 12102.67 45093.82 Sector wise Detailed Funding Requirement and proposed Funding Pattern Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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S.N
Sector
. Quantity Land
2035 In Lacs) Req.
upto 2035 (Rs. In Lacs) 2015
2025
2035
556.70
150.54
160.03
867.27
1
Water Supply Grant (90%) 501.03
135.48
144.03
780.54
Own Margin 55.67
15.05
16.00
86.73
2
Sewerage 1414.17
230.57
245.10
1889.84
Grant (90%) 1272.75
207.51
220.59
1700.85
Own Margin 141.42
23.06
24.51
188.98
3
Roads & urban transport & parking
2735.77
1080.78
1531.89
5348.44
Grant (90%) 2462.20
972.70
1378.70
4813.60
Own Margin 273.58
108.08
153.19
534.84
4
Storm Water Drains 1893.97
432.31
689.35
3015.64
Grant (90%) 1704.58
389.08
620.42
2714.07
Own Margin 189.40
43.23
68.94
301.56
5
Street Lights 172.71
68.62
91.18
332.52
Grant (90%) 155.44
61.76
82.07
299.27
Own Margin 17.27
6.86
9.12
33.25
6
Conservancy and Sanitation
375.51
157.61
251.33
784.45
Grant (90%) 337.96
141.85
226.19
706.01
Own Margin 37.55
15.76
25.13
78.45
7
Urban Poor 1455.00
310.00
427.00
2192.00
Grant (90%) 1309.50
279.00
384.30
1972.80
11.86 Mld
Phase wise investment required till year (Rs. Total investment need 67.49 km
84.37 Km
84.37 Km
2812 Nos.
21.97 M.T.
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Own Margin 145.50
31.00
42.70
219.20
8
Agricultural College 800.00
100.00
100.00
1000.00
Resp. Ministry 800.00
100.00
100.00
1000.00
9
Veterinary College & Hospital
280.00
35.00
35.00
350.00
35.00
35.00
350.00
10
Schools 56.00
196.00
28.00
280.00
Grant (90%) 50.40
176.40
25.20
252.00
Own Margin 5.60
19.60
2.80
28.00
11
300 Beded Hospital 470.40
58.80
58.80
588.00
58.80
58.80
588.00
12
80 Beded Hospital 201.60
25.20
25.20
252.00
25.20
25.20
252.00
13
Polyclinic / Nursing Home
88.00
11.00
11.00
110.00
88.00
11.00
11.00
110.00
28.80
3.60
3.60
36.00
1 No.
1 No.
50 acre
10 acre
35
1 No.
1 No.
2
2.4
2.4
1.46
PPP
14
Community Hall / Library
Grant (90%) 25.92
3.24
3.24
32.40
Own Margin 2.88
0.36
0.36
3.60
15
Club Sports Centre 64.00
8.00
8.00
80.00
PPP
64.00
8.00
8.00
80.00
16
Theatre 60.00
7.50
7.50
75.00
PPP
60.00
7.50
7.50
75.00
17
Meditation Centre 20.00
2.50
2.50
25.00
20.00
2.50
2.50
25.00
PPP
18
1
1
1
1
2
0.5
0.5
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18
Police Station State Govt. 19
Police Post State Govt. 20
Gardens development 0.00
28.00
12.00
40.00
0.00
28.00
12.00
40.00
4.00
0.50
0.50
5.00
4.00
0.50
0.50
5.00
304.00
38.00
38.00
380.00
Grant (90%) 273.60
34.20
34.20
342.00
Own Margin 30.40
3.80
3.80
38.00
21
Green Belt Area 312.00
39.00
39.00
390.00
State Govt. 312.00
39.00
39.00
390.00
22
Mandi
96.00
12.00
12.00
120.00
Grant (90%) 86.40
10.80
10.80
108.00
Own Margin 9.60
1.20
1.20
12.00
23
Bus Stand 88.00
11.00
11.00
110.00
PPP
88.00
11.00
11.00
110.00
24
Truck terminal 176.00
22.00
22.00
220.00
Grant (90%) 158.40
19.80
19.80
198.00
Own Margin 17.60
2.20
2.20
22.00
25
River & Lake Beautification
260.00
32.50
32.50
325.00
Grant (70%) 182.00
22.75
22.75
227.50
Own Margin 78.00
9.75
9.75
97.50
26
Cleaning and bunding of natural drains
184.00
23.00
23.00
230.00
Grant (90%) 165.60
20.70
20.70
207.00
Own Margin 18.40
2.30
2.30
23.00
1
1
190
390
20 acre
1.54
0.2
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27
Bail Bazar 36.00
4.50
4.50
45.00
Grant (90%) 32.40
4.05
4.05
40.50
Own Margin 3.60
0.45
0.45
4.50
28
Industrial Area 2000.00
1200.00
800.00
4000.00
MPAKVN 2000.00
1200.00
800.00
4000.00
29
Urban Governance & capacity building
14.00
4.00
2.00
20.00
Own Margin 14.00
4.00
2.00
20.00
30
Silk plantation & silk farming
368.00
46.00
46.00
460.00
Grant (90%) 331.20
41.40
41.40
414.00
Own Margin 36.80
4.60
4.60
46.00
31
Weaving and dying unit for Silk & Handloom
192.00
24.00
24.00
240.00
Grant (90%) 172.80
21.60
21.60
216.00
Own Margin 19.20
2.40
2.40
24.00
32
Fish Farming 104.00
13.00
13.00
130.00
Grant (90%) 93.60
11.70
11.70
117.00
Own Margin 10.40
1.30
1.30
13.00
33
Social Forestry 160.00
20.00
20.00
200.00
Forest Dept. 160.00
20.00
20.00
200.00
34
Flouri Culture 120.00
15.00
15.00
150.00
Forest Dept. 120.00
15.00
15.00
150.00
35
Rain Water Harvesting 80.00
10.00
10.00
100.00
Grant (90%) 72.00
9.00
9.00
90.00
Own Margin 8.00
1.00
1.00
10.00
200 ha.
7
Tanks
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36
Anicuts on Chandan river
320.00
40.00
40.00
400.00
Irrigation Ministry 320.00
40.00
40.00
400.00
37
Food and fruit processing unit
88.00
11.00
11.00
110.00
PPP
88.00
11.00
11.00
110.00
38
Cold storage 176.00
22.00
22.00
220.00
PPP
176.00
22.00
22.00
220.00
39
Marketing unit 176.00
22.00
22.00
220.00
State Govt. 176.00
22.00
22.00
220.00
40
Redevelopment of core city area
280.00
35.00
35.00
350.00
Grant (90%) 252.00
31.50
31.50
315.00
Own Margin 28.00
3.50
3.50
35.00
41
Stadium 785.00
0.00
0.00
785.00
Grant (90%) 706.50
0.00
0.00
706.50
Own Margin 78.50
0.00
0.00
78.50
42
Funeral / burial ground 120.00
15.00
15.00
150.00
Own Margin 120.00
15.00
15.00
150.00
43
Dhobi Ghat 50.00
0.00
0.00
50.00
Own Margin 50.00
0.00
0.00
50.00
44
Mineral exploration centre
40.00
5.00
5.00
50.00
State Govt. 40.00
5.00
5.00
50.00
45
Fruit Processing units 81.00
27.00
27.00
135.00
State Govt. 81.00
27.00
27.00
135.00
Handloom unit 48.00
16.00
16.00
80.00
46
5
Anicuts
1 No.
1 No.
5.0 Ha.
1 No.
1 No.
1 No.
2 Nos.
2.0 Ha.
0.5 Ha
Page 247
16.00
16.00
80.00
47
Warehouses 1200.00
150.00
150.00
1500.00
MPAKVN 1200.00
150.00
150.00
1500.00
48
Non Conventional Energy program
1920.00
640.00
640.00
3200.00
640.00
640.00
3200.00
49
Agro Trading units 480.00
60.00
60.00
600.00
60.00
60.00
600.00
50
Watershed Development
600.00
75.00
75.00
750.00
Grant (90%) 540.00
67.50
67.50
675.00
Own Margin 60.00
7.50
7.50
75.00
51
Power Sector 4711.64
2017.45
2573.58
9302.67
2017.45
2573.58
9302.67
Page 248
Sector wise Detailed Funding Requirement from Government
S.N. Sector
Quantity 2035
Land Requirement Phase wise investment required till Investment need in Ha. year (Rs. In Lacs) upto 2035 (Lacs) 2015
2025
2035
1 Water Supply 11.86 Mld
501.03
135.48
144.03
780.54
2 Sewerage 67.49 km
1272.75
207.51
220.59
1700.85
3 Roads and urban transport including parking
84.37 Km
2462.20
972.70
1378.70
4813.60
4 Storm Water Drains 84.37 Km
1704.58
389.08
620.42
2714.07
5 Street Lights 2812 Nos.
155.44
61.76
82.07
299.27
6 Conservancy and Sanitation
21.97 MT
337.96
141.85
226.19
706.01
7 Urban Poor 1309.50
279.00
384.30
1972.80
8 Agricultural College From Agri. Ministry
1 No.
50 acre 800.00
100.00
100.00
1000.00
9 Veterinary College & Hospital
1 No.
10 acre 280.00
35.00
35.00
350.00
10 Schools 35
50.40
176.40
25.20
252.00
11 300 Bedded Hospital 1 No.
2.4 423.36
52.92
52.92
529.20
12 80 Bedded Hospital 1 No.
2.4 181.44
22.68
22.68
226.80
13 Gardens development 190
304.00
38.00
38.00
380.00
14 Green Belt Area 390
312.00
39.00
39.00
390.00
15 Mandi
20 acre
86.40
10.80
10.80
108.00
16 Truck terminal 176.00
22.00
22.00
220.00
17 River & Lake Beautification
182.00
22.75
22.75
227.50
18 Cleaning and bunding of natural drains
165.60
20.70
20.70
207.00
19 Industrial Area MPAKVN 2000.00
1200.00
800.00
4000.00
200 ha.
Page 249
20 Bail Bazar 32.40
4.05
4.05
40.50
21 Urban Governance & capacity building
14.00
4.00
2.00
20.00
22 Silk plantation & silk farming
368.00
46.00
46.00
460.00
23 Weaving & dying unit for Silk & Handloom
192.00
24.00
24.00
240.00
24 Fish Farming 104.00
13.00
13.00
130.00
25 Social Forestry 160.00
20.00
20.00
200.00
26 Flouri Culture 120.00
15.00
15.00
150.00
27 Rain Water Harvesting 80.00
10.00
10.00
100.00
28 Anicuts on Chandan river 5
320.00
40.00
40.00
400.00
29 Marketing unit 1 No.
176.00
22.00
22.00
220.00
30 Redevelopment of core city area
280.00
35.00
35.00
350.00
31 Stadium 785.00
0.00
0.00
706.50
32 Mineral exploration centre
1 No.
40.00
5.00
5.00
50.00
33 Fruit Processing units 2 Nos.
81.00
27.00
27.00
135.00
34 Handloom unit 48.00
16.00
16.00
80.00
35 Warehouses MPAKVN 1200.00
150.00
150.00
1500.00
36 Non Conventional Energy program
1920.00
640.00
640.00
3200.00
37 Agro Trading units 432.00
54.00
54.00
540.00
38 Watershed Development 600.00
75.00
75.00
750.00
39 Power Sector 4711.64
2017.45
2573.58
9302.67
Total
7
Tanks Anicuts 5.0 Ha. 39452.30 Creative Circle, Nagpur.
Page 250
Yearly Break Up of Cost of Projects till 2016 Lakhs
No. Particulars/Year 2011‐12
2012‐13
2013‐14
2014‐15
2015‐16
Total
1 Water Supply 83.52
167.01
139.17
83.50
83.50
556.70
2 Sewerage
141.44
282.82
424.25
353.54
212.12
1414.17
3 Roads & urban transport including parking
273.58
683.94
820.73
547.15
410.37
2735.77
4 Storm Water Drains 0.00
189.41
473.49
662.88
568.19
1893.97
5 Street Lights 17.27
25.91
51.81
43.18
34.54
172.71
6 Conservancy and Sanitation 37.55
93.87
112.65
75.10
56.34
375.51
7 Urban Poor
145.50
363.75
436.50
291.00
218.25
1455.00
8 Agricultural College & Research Centre
80.00
120.00
240.00
200.00
160.00
800.00
9 Veterinary College, research Centre & Hospital
28.00
42.00
84.00
70.00
56.00
280.00
10 Schools 5.60
8.40
16.80
14.00
11.20
56.00
11 300 Bedded Hospital 47.04
70.56
141.12
117.60
94.08
470.40
12 80 Bedded Hospital 20.16
30.24
60.48
50.40
40.32
201.60
13 Polyclinic / Nursing Home 8.80
13.20
26.40
22.00
17.60
88.00
14 Community Hall / Library 2.88
4.32
8.64
7.20
5.76
28.80
15 Club Sports Centre 6.40
9.60
19.20
16.00
12.80
64.00
16 Theatre
6.00
9.00
18.00
15.00
12.00
60.00
17 Meditation Centre 2.00
3.00
6.00
5.00
4.00
20.00
18 Police Station 0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
19 Police Post
0.40
0.60
1.20
1.00
0.80
4.00
20 Gardens development 30.40
45.60
91.20
76.00
60.80
304.00
21 Green Belt Area 31.20
46.80
93.60
78.00
62.40
312.00
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22 Mandi
9.60
14.40
28.80
24.00
19.20
96.00
23 Bus Stand
8.80
13.20
26.40
22.00
17.60
88.00
24 Truck terminal 17.60
35.20
52.80
44.00
26.40
176.00
25 River & Lake Beautification 26.00
39.00
78.00
65.00
52.00
260.00
26 Cleaning and bunding of natural drains
18.40
27.60
55.20
46.00
36.80
184.00
27 Bail Bazaar
3.60
5.40
10.80
9.00
7.20
36.00
28 Industrial Area 200.00
400.00
600.00
500.00
300.00
2000.00
29 Urban Governance & capacity building
2.00
5.00
3.00
2.00
2.00
14.00
30 Silk plantation & silk farming 36.80
55.20
110.40
92.00
73.60
368.00
31 Weaving and dying unit for Silk and Handloom
19.20
28.80
57.60
48.00
38.40
192.00
32 Fish Farming 10.40
15.60
31.20
26.00
20.80
104.00
33 Social Forestry 16.00
24.00
48.00
40.00
32.00
160.00
34 Flouri Culture 12.00
18.00
36.00
30.00
24.00
120.00
35 Rain Water Harvesting 8.00
12.00
24.00
20.00
16.00
80.00
36 Anicuts on Chandan river 32.00
48.00
96.00
80.00
64.00
320.00
37 Food and fruit processing unit
8.80
13.20
26.40
22.00
17.60
88.00
38 Cold storage 17.60
26.40
52.80
44.00
35.20
176.00
39 Marketing unit 17.60
26.40
52.80
44.00
35.20
176.00
40 Redevelopment of core area 28.00
42.00
84.00
70.00
56.00
280.00
41 Stadium
78.50
117.75
235.50
196.25
157.00
785.00
42 Funeral / burial ground 12.00
18.00
36.00
30.00
24.00
120.00
43 Dhobi Ghat
5.00
7.50
15.00
12.50
10.00
50.00
44 Mineral exploration centre 4.00
6.00
12.00
10.00
8.00
40.00
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45 Fruit Processing units 8.10
12.15
24.30
20.25
16.20
81.00
46 Handloom unit 4.80
7.20
14.40
12.00
9.60
48.00
47 Warehouses 120.00
180.00
360.00
300.00
240.00
1200.00
48 Non Conventional Energy implementation program
192.00
288.00
576.00
480.00
384.00
1920.00
49 Agro Trading units 48.00
72.00
144.00
120.00
96.00
480.00
50 Watershed Development 60.00
90.00
180.00
150.00
120.00
600.00
51 Power Sector 471.16
706.75
1413.48
1177.91
942.33
4711.64
Grand Total
2463.70
4564.78
7750.13
6465.46
5002.20
26246.27
`
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Distribution of finds by various agencies is given in table below No
. Particulars/Year 2011‐12 2012‐13 Project Cost 2,463.70 4,564.78 7,750.13 6,465.46 5,002.20 26246.27
Funding Pattern: 1 Grant 943.25 2,106.43 3,157.69 2,638.17 2,047.02 10886.27
2 Own Margin/Loan 129.58 273.10 421.95 351.88 274.85 1451.36 3 Funding Under PPP 57.70 86.55 173.10 144.25 115.40 584.00 Funding by 2013‐14 2014‐15 2015‐16 Total Resp. 4 Ministry 923.16 1,384.75 2,769.48 2,307.91 1,846.33 9231.64 5 Funding by MPAKVN 320.00 580.00 960.00 800.00 540.00 3200.00 6 Funding by State Govt. 61.30 91.95 183.90 153.25 122.60 613.00 84.00 70.00 56.00 280.00 Funding by Forest 7 Dept. 28.00 42.00 Total 2,463.70 4,564.78 7,750.13 6,465.46 5,002.20 26246.27
Note: Regular Grant is ignored From the above table, Municipal Council has to contribute Rs 14.51 crores by year 2015‐16 as a part of investment need. Summary of Financial operating plan shown in table 10.19 indicates Municipal Council can sustain an investment of Rs. 14.51 crores which is 5.5% of the identified investment till 2015‐16. The remaining part of investment can be covered by Grants and Subsidies from State and Central Government, local financial institutions, through Public private Partnership, donor, adopting BOT, BOM, BLT., Privatization of services, respective ministries etc. Although the own margin to be put is considered from 10 to 30 percent of the total cost
of the project, we believe that the government funding is mostly required for the first 5
years of the development. The local self Government i.e. Waraseoni Municipal Council
can earn itself sufficient money, through the proposals given in this City Development
Plan to sustain and successfully run the Municipal Council for the years 2016-2035.
11.9.1
S.N. Sector Projects to be developed on PPP basis
Quantity Land Phase wise investment required Investment 2035 Requirement till year (Rs. In Lacs) need upto 2035 (Rs. In in Ha. Lacs) 40 Polyclinic / Nursing Home Creative Circle, Nagpur.
2 1.46 2015
2025
2035 88.00 11.00 11.00 110.00 Page 254
41 Community Hall / Library 18 1 28.80 3.60 3.60 36.00 42 Club Sports Centre
1 2
64.00
8.00
8.00 80.00
43 Theatre 1 0.5
60.00
7.50
7.50 75.00
44 Meditation Centre
1 0.5
20.00
2.50
2.50 25.00
45 Police Station 1 1.54
0.00
28.00
12.00 40.00
46 Police Post 1 0.2
4.00
0.50
0.50 5.00
47 Bus Stand 88.00
11.00
11.00 110.00
48 Food 88.00 11.00 11.00 110.00 176.00
22.00
22.00 220.00
and fruit processing unit 49 Cold storage 1 No. 50 Funeral / burial ground 1 No. 2.0 Ha.
120.00
15.00
15.00 150.00
51 Dhobi Ghat 1 No. 0.5 Ha.
50.00
0.00
0.00 50.00
Total 2915.52
Break up of Revenue (component wise) Sector wise Revenue (Projected)
S.N. Sector Expected Income from various Total Income 2015‐
sectors 2035 (Rs. Lacs) 2015
2025
2035
Population 65763
76485
87883
No of Dwelling units 13153
15297
17577
1 Water Supply (Tax)
162.02
263.82
346.43
5148.40 2 Sewerage (Tax) 31.57
73.43
168.74
1824.80 3 Roads & urban transport including parking (Tax/Toll) 47.35 110.14 189.83 2315.40 4 Storm Water Drains ‐
‐
‐
‐ 5 Street Lights ‐
‐
‐
‐ 6 Conservancy and Sanitation ‐
‐
‐
‐ 7 Urban Poor ‐
‐
‐
‐ 8 Agricultural College 1.20
1.32
1.44
26.40 9 Veterinary College, research & Hospital
1.20
1.32
1.44
26.40 10 Schools /College 16.20
17.82
19.59
357.40 11 300 Bedded Hospital 1.80
1.98
2.18
39.80 12 80 Bedded Hospital 0.60
0.66
72.00
488.40 13 Polyclinic / Nursing Home 1.20
1.32
1.44
26.40 14 Community Halls (4) 16.00
17.60
19.36
353.00 15 Club Sports Centre
0.60
0.66
0.72
13.20 Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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16 Theatre 3.00
3.30
3.60
66.00 17 Meditation Centre
0.60
0.66
0.72
13.20 18 Police Station ‐
‐
‐
‐ 19 Police Post ‐
‐
‐
‐ 20 Gardens Development 1.80
1.98
2.18
39.80 21 Green Belt Area ‐
‐
‐
‐ 22 Mandi (Shops, Stalls) 7.50
8.25
9.08
165.60 23 Bus Stand(Advt.) 2.40
2.64
2.90
53.00 24 Truck terminal 1.20
1.32
1.45
26.40 25 River & Lake Beautification 0.60
0.66
0.73
13.20 26 Cleaning and bunding of natural drains
‐
‐
‐
‐ 27 Bail Bazar(Stalls) 3.00
3.30
3.63
66.20 28 Industrial Area 997.92
1,097.71
1,207.48 22020.80 29 Urban Governance & capacity building
‐
‐
‐
‐ 30 Silk plantation & silk farming ‐
‐
‐
‐ 31 Weaving & dying unit for Silk/ Handloom
‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ 32 Fish Farming ‐
‐
‐
‐ 33 Social Forestry ‐
‐
‐
‐ 34 Flouri Culture ‐
‐
‐
‐ 35 Rain Water Harvesting ‐
‐
‐
‐ 36 Anicuts on Chandan river ‐
‐
‐
‐ 37 Food and fruit processing unit 12.00
13.20
14.52
264.80 38 Cold storage 24.00
26.40
29.04
529.60 39 Marketing unit ‐
‐
‐
‐ 40 Redevelopment of core city area ‐
‐
‐
‐ 41 Stadium ‐
‐
‐
‐ 42 Funeral / burial ground ‐
‐
‐
‐ 43 Dhobi Ghat ‐
‐
‐
‐ 44 Mineral exploration centre ‐
‐
‐
‐ 45 Fruit Processing units 24.00
26.40
29.04
529.60 46 Handloom unit 12.00
13.20
14.52
264.80 47 Warehouses ‐
‐
‐
‐ 48 Non Coventional Energy ‐
‐
‐
‐ 49 Agro Trading units
48.00
52.80
58.08
1059.20 50 Watershed Development ‐
‐
‐
‐ 51 Power Sector Grand Total Creative Circle, Nagpur.
‐ 1,417.76
1,741.88
2,200.14 35,731.80 Page 256
Sectors where no income is shown shall be tried and run on a No Profit No Loss basis. Thus we can see that the Municipal Council Waraseoni requires a boost up for the first five years and can carry on to survive on its own for an eternity if properly managed. Revenue Calculation Detailed For the Year 2015 No. Particulars 1 Agriculture College (Rent): Rs. 10,000/‐ P.M.
Per Annum
1,20,000.00 2 Veterinary College (Rent): Rs. 10,000/‐ P.M.
1,20,000.00 3 Rent of Schools & College (As Per Chart)
16,20,000.00 4 300 Bedded Hospital(Rent): Rs. 15,000/‐ P.M.
1,80,000.00 5 80 Bedded Hospital(Rent): Rs. 5,000/‐ P.M.
60,000.00 6 Policlinic/Nursing Home(Rent): Rs. 10,000/‐ P.M. 7 Community Halls(4)‐ 100 Days P.A. Per Hall
Occupancy @ Rs. 4,000/‐ Per Day 16,00,000.00 8 Club Sports Centre(Rent): Rs.5,000/‐P.M.
60,000.00 9 Theatre(Rent): Rs.25,000/‐ P.M. 3,00,000.00 10 Meditation Centre(Rent): Rs.5,000/‐P.M.
60,000.00 11 Gardens Development(Rent)Rs.15,000/‐P.M.
12 Mandi (Shops, Stalls) Shops:20*Rs.2000P.M. Stalls:15*Rs.1500P.M. 13 Bus Stand(Advt.):Rs.20000P.M. 2,40,000.00 14 Truck terminal: Rent Rs.10000P.M. 1,20,000.00 15 River & Lake Beautification:(Rent/Stalls)
60,000.00 16 Bail Bazaar (Rent of Stalls):Rs.25000/P.M.
3,00,000.00 17 Industrial Area Total Area in Sft.: 33,26,400 (‐) 50% Occupancy: 1663200 Sft. Area Let Out @ Rs. 5/‐ Per Sft/ Month
Lease Rent Per Annum 9,97,92,000.00 18 Food and fruit processing unit 12,00,000.00 19 Cold storage 24,00,000.00 20 Fruit Processing units 24,00,000.00 21 Handloom unit 12,00,000.00 23 Agro Trading units
48,00,000.00 Creative Circle, Nagpur.
1,20,000.00 7,50,000.00 Page 257
Chapter 12 URBAN REFORMS
Urban agenda lays emphasis on development linked with reforms. Following vital issues are covered under urban reforms: 12
The administration would be made more responsive accountable, transparent and people oriented by modernizing of urban local bodies. 13
Municipalities Act would be amended to make it more people‐friendly and responsive and accountable to the citizens, so that the administrative bodies can discharge duties in an efficient and transparent manner. 12.1 Action Measures and issues
The focus is on: a) Improving and augmenting the civic, social and economic infrastructure b) Ensuring basic services for the poor including security of tenure at affordable prices, c) initiating wide‐ ranging urban sector reforms, primarily aimed at eliminating legal, institutional and financial constraints that are impeding investments in urban infrastructure and services, and d) Strengthening municipal governments and their functioning The mandatory and optional reforms to be undertaken during the mission period by the Municipal Council to be eligible for funding; the reforms are at the level of the State Government and the Municipal Council. This section deals with the Municipal Council level reforms. Specific items have been identified under each reform. 12.2 Mandatory Reforms by Municipal Council
There are five mandatory reforms that a Municipal Council delivering municipal services need to implement to be eligible for funding under the scheme. The specific reforms that need to be implemented are: 1) Adoption of a modem accrual‐based double‐entry system of accounting 2) Introduction of a system of e‐governance using IT applications such as GIS and MIS for various services provided by the Municipal Council facilities 3) Reform of property tax with GIS and achievement of collection efficiency of 95 percent of the demand by the end of the mission 4) Levy of reasonable user charges with the objective that the full cost of O&M or the recurring cost is collected within the next seven years. 5) Internal earmarking in budgets for basic services to the urban poor, 6) Provision of basic services to the urban poor including security of tenure at affordable prices Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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12.3
Status of Mandatory reforms (as envisaged under UIDSSMT)
12.3.1
Property tax
12.3.1.1
Present Status .
•
Amount of property tax being collected for year 2007‐08 is Rs 6.07 Lakhs against total Demand of Rs.18.00 lakhs having collection efficiency of 33.74 %. •
Property Tax is assessed by Area based Method.
Residence –Rs.2.00 – Rs16.00 per sq.ft
Commercial – Rs.5.00 – Rs.70.00 per sq.ft •
The Property tax is determined by Rateable value. •
Property tax record is maintained manually by Property tax register. •
Last updation of Property records was conducted in 2008‐09 •
Change of ownership / occupation is captured when amendment for tax payer's details is applied 12.3.1.2
Action Measures and issues
a) Extension of property tax regime to all properties should be completed. b) Elimination of exemptions should be done. c) Migration to Self‐Assessment System of Property Taxation should be implemented. d) Use of GIS‐based property tax system 1. Appoint Private consultant 2. Preparation of digital property maps for municipal area 3. Verification of digital maps and preparation of complete data‐base of properties 4. Full migration to GIS system e) Next revision of guidance values f) Fix periodicity for revision of guidance values g) Establish Taxpayer education programme 1. Clarification of doubts and assistance in filling out forms 2. Upload on website for property tax issues/ FAQs etc should be taken up . h) Dispute resolution mechanism should be implemented i) Rewarding and acknowledging honest and prompt taxpayers j) Achievement of 90% Coverage Ratio k) Achievement of 95% Collection Ratio l) Establishing effective arrears recovery mechanism m) Target for reductive in arrears Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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12.4
E-Governance
12.4.1
Present Status
a. E‐Governance applications is absent in all services. b. Registration of Births and Deaths is not computerized. c. Public Grievance Redressal is in not done. d. Database Regarding property tax is not computerize. Presently the record is maintained manually by Property tax register. e. Double entry Municipal Accounting System is not computerized. f.
Building plan approval, Licenses and certificate are not computerized. 12.4.1.1
a. Appointment of State‐level Technology Consultant as State Technology Advisor b. Preparation of Municipal E‐Governance Design Document (MEDD) on the basis of National Design Document as per National Mission Mode Programme (NMMP) c. Assessment of Municipal E‐Governance Design Document (MEDD) against National E‐
Governance Standards (e.g. Scalability, intra‐operability & security standards etc.) d. Agreement on Municipal E‐Governance Action Agenda e. Business Process Reengineering (BPR) for migration to e‐governance f.
Appointment of software consultant g. Exploring PPP option for different E‐Governance initiative that is being taken up h. Defining monitrable time‐table for implementation of each E‐governance initiative i.
Ongoing implementation of E‐governance initiatives, against monitorable time‐table 12.4.2
Municipal Accounting
12.4.2.1
Present Status
a. Single entry cash method based on Municipal account code is being followed b. Under the Provisions Municipalities Act, the local fund examiner auditing records of municipal account and is reported to general board of the municipality and to govt. c. Absence of accounting manual d. Double entry accrual based double entry accounting system is absent 12.4.2.2
a. Resolution by Government expressing commitment to establish modem municipal accounting system b. Legislation/Modification of rules for migrating to double‐entry accounting system should be taken up. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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c. Appointment of consultants for development of State manual should be done (either based on National Municipal Accounting Manual (NMAM) or independently) d. Commence training of personnel e. Appointment of field‐level consultant for implementation at the city‐level f.
Notification of cut‐off date for migrating to the double‐entry accounting system g. Business Process Re‐engineering (if required) h. Valuation of assets and liabilities i.
j.
Drawing up of opening balance sheet (OBS): •
Provisional OBS •
Adoption of provisional OBS. •
Finalisation of OBS Full migration to double‐entry accounting system k. Production of financial statements (income‐expenditure accounts and balance sheet) l.
Audit of financial statements 12.4.3 Internal Earmarking for Basic Services for Poor
12.4.3.1
Present Status
a. Per capital income for the B.P.L. family earmarked to Rs, 600 to 1700per month b. 6978 numbers of populations that have been identified as BPL c. 80% of slum households living in squatter settlements/ temporary structures d. Percentage of households living in squatter settlements/ temporary structures without access to •
Municipal water supply ‐ 5% •
Sanitation – 10% •
Sewer – 100% . •
Community toilets ‐70% •
Solid Waste Management ‐35% •
Primary Education ‐ 6%
12.4.3.2
Primary Health ‐ 18% Action Measures and issues
a. Criteria for identification of the Urban Poor should be defined b. Fresh enumeration based on the above should be taken up c. Define threshold service levels for the Urban Poor across various services Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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d. Strategic document which outlines the requirements both physical and financial timeframes, sources of funding and implementation strategies including community participation, monitorable output indicators for each of the services, including outlining convergences e. Periodic impact evaluation by independent agencies appointed by the state government f.
Other reform steps being undertaken for Slum Networking Project, Project to provide Pay & Use Toilets, Rain Water Harvesting Project 12.4.4
User Charges
12.4.4.1
Present Status
a. Presently taxes are levied in the form of Water Tax, Property tax and Combined Tax b. Water charges:
Rs. 50/‐ Per month per connection (For Domestic Connection)
Rs. 75/‐ Per month per connection (For Non‐Domestic Connection) c. Combined Tax: •
Rs. 150/‐ Per year for property and Rs.Nil per year for Open Plot d. Absence of billing system e. Inadequate staff for collection of Tax 12.4.4.2
a. Establishment of proper accounting system for each service so as to determine the O&M cost separately for both water supply and solid waste Management. b. Time line for setting up a body for recommending a user charge structure under consideration of state government c. The State should quantify/study the impact of subsidies for each service on a periodic basis. The time line for studying the impact of subsidies for services. d. O&M costs from user charges are being supposed to recover 100% by Municipal council. 12.4.5 Adoption of a Double-Entry System for Accounting
12.4.5.1 Action Measures and issues
As part of the adoption of a modern accrual based double entry system of accounting, the Municipal Council needs to implement the following actions and generate balance sheets: 8. Complete audit formalities for all previous years 9. Prepare accounting manual based on the National Municipal Accounting Manual (NMAM) 10. Implement function and accounting codes 11. Develop computer program for the double entry accounting system 12. Record and value all fixed and flexible assets and liabilities. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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13. Carry out bank reconciliation work of all the bank accounts. 14. Educate Municipal Council staff for accurate account coding as per National Municipal Accounting Manual (NMAM) for the preparation of the balance sheet and the budget. 12.4.6
E-Governance Using IT Applications: GIS and MIS
12.4.6.1
1. E‐Governance is an opportunity to transform the Municipal Council's commitment to be citizen‐ centric, provide cost‐effective services and enhance governance through improved access to accurate information and transparent and responsive democratic institutions. Thus e‐Governance is no longer an experiment in administrative reform, but a permanent part of the governing process. For both government organizations and citizens, its advantages are far‐reaching in comparison to investment in establishing e‐
Governance. The objectives of e‐Governance reforms are: 2. Promote people‐centric administration ‐ Common citizens should get the benefits of the System of accurate billing. 3. Move from process accountability to productivity accountability and from transactional to transformative governance ‐ The process should be computerized to increase productivity. Each department of the Municipal Council has reports, giving the exact statistics of how accountability will be achieved through the system. 4. Reduce delays and ensure promptness in delivery of services ‐ Computerization would ensure timely delivery of accurate service. 5. E‐Administration ‐ Improve administrative performance, making strategic connections processes by cutting cost, managing within the local bodies and creating Empowerment. 6. E‐Citizen and E‐Services ‐ connect citizens to the local government by talking to citizens and supporting accountability; by listening to citizens and supporting democracy; and by improving public services. 12.4.7 Application of E-Governance
The Municipal Council needs to plan for e‐Governance and extend this facility to all citizens through citizen facilitations centre (CFC) which could provide the following services: 12.4.7.1
•
Registration of births and deaths (Already in use) •
Public grievance redressal as part of an interactive web site and also at CFC •
Property tax payments through CFC •
Works Management System and E‐Procurement Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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•
Fully computerized pay roll and pension system •
Fully automated building plan permissions •
Document Management System •
GIS‐based property tax and overall GIS for engineering, water supply and other services 12.4.8 Property Tax
Property tax on GIS platform and proposed achievement of collection efficiency of at least 95% Certain reforms in property taxes with the broad objective of establishing a simple, transparent, non‐discretionary and equitable property tax to encourage voluntary compliance; the same is to be brought under the GIS platform. With regard to reforms in the property tax system, the first step is to introduce property tax. In this regard, Municipal Council needs to carry out the following actions: 12.4.8.1
•
Draft bylaws and rules for the implementation of property tax •
Board's Resolution for the implementation of property tax •
Identify the system of property tax (capital, area‐based unit rate, etc.) •
Institute house tax assessment system (self‐ assessment or by Municipal Council} •
Prepare the inventory of house tax assessments •
Map all the properties on the GIS platform 12.4.9 Levies and Taxes
Levy of reasonable user charges by Municipal Council for all services to recover full cost of O&M The levy of user charges on different municipal services, with the objective of securing effective linkages between asset creation and asset maintenance and ultimately leading to the self‐sustaining delivery of urban services. Water Supply: Municipal Council currently levies water tariff. The collection performance is poor about 64.0% of total demand. Hence, Municipal Council needs to revise the tariff to achieve full cost recovery and a collection performance should be above 90%. Sewerage: No charge or tax is levied for Sewerage by the Municipal Council; disposal of Waste water is done through road side open Nalaha, Municipal Council needs to plan organized underground sewerage system. Solid Waste Management: Street light and Sanitation tax is collected through combine tax on Service delivery for solid waste disposal. No separate charge or tax is levied for solid waste management. Municipal Council needs to introduce Door to Door collection with PPP model and scientific disposal as part of this reform need to be implemented. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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Internal earmarking within Municipal Council budgets for basic services to the urban poor and provision of basic services to the urban poor including security of tenure at affordable prices. To endorses the provision of basic services to the urban poor with the objective of providing security of tenure at affordable prices, improved housing, water supply and sanitation. In addition, delivery of other existing universal services of the government for education, health and social security will be ensured. In this regard, Municipal Council needs to earmark a fixed percentage of funds (In proportion of urban poor); Municipal Council also needs to provide access to basic minimum services to all urban poor citizens. 12.5
Status of Optional reforms
There are seven optional reforms identified that a Municipal Council needs to implement to be eligible under Scheme. Ideally, the Municipal Council should implement at least two reforms each year. The specific items under each reform, which Municipal Council needs to implement, are listed below. The difference between the mandatory and optional reforms exists only in terms of the initiation of the reform. All mandatory reforms need to be started immediately, whereas of the optional reforms, Municipal Council is free to initiate any two reforms every year: 1. Revision of bylaws to streamline the approval process for construction of buildings, development of site, etc. 2. Earmarking of at least 20‐25% of developed land in all housing projects (both public and private agencies) for EWS and LIG category with a system of cross subsidization. 3. Revision of bylaws to make rain‐water harvesting mandatory in all buildings and adoption of water conservation measures 4. Framing of bylaws for reuse of recycled water. 5. Administrative reforms, i.e., reduction in establishment costs by adopting the Voluntary Retirement Scheme (VRS), not filling posts falling vacant due to retirement, etc., and achieving specified milestones in this regard. 6. Structural reforms like de‐centralisation of functions at ward level. 7. Encouraging PPP ‐‐With regard to private sector participation, the following activities can be considered: door‐to‐ door collection, maintenance of water supply operations, underground sewerage system, treatment plant operations, disposal and land fill site operations, citizen facilitation centre. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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Chapter 13 CITY VISION
The formulation of vision for planning and development has its conception from an intense and close interrelationship between the City Area and the outside rural area, including the Green Belt, which will be of a synergical nature. Each would complement the other, and support the activities in the 'urban' and 'rural' sectors, thus reducing the urban and rural divide that has crept into urban planning so far, and encouraging a rural ‐ urban continuum. The largely unbuilt part consisting of agricultural uses, regenerated forests, tanks, water bodies, channels and a number of green activities linked to the promotion of sustainable development, would encircle the built‐up area and also act as interface between the City and its bio‐region. To achieve an orderly and balanced development, there cannot be a complete freedom for individuals, groups of individuals or institutions to carry out developments without consideration for the surrounding environment. Development guidelines are established so to encourage development without violating the principles of planning for the common good. Therefore a number of zoning and development promotion regulations have been drawn up. The Planning Authority will be in charge of ensuring that all future projects conform to these regulations. These regulations would also serve as guidelines for the use of lands, especially in the Green Belt. CDP 2035 intend to develop new and innovative models of planning, building design and built‐up spaces. This shall be evident not only in the use of materials and construction technologies, but also in the introduction of new principles of waste treatment, water harvesting, energy development and other fields. The Strategic Focus is structured around the important elements of Promoting Growth for vision sectors that will economise on land needs by introducing development approaches with an optimum mix of densities but not sacrificing the appealing urban forms or required amenities. The surrounding Green Belt will be a fertile zone for applied research in the sectors of food production, forestry, soil conservation, water management, waste management, development and other areas essential for sustainable development. The resulting innovative methods shall be applied/extended in both rural and urban areas interface, particularly where the urban‐rural divide is continually increasing. And also for sustainable economic development; Good Governance to enable Improved Service Delivery. However, the overarching objectives aim to promote safety, security, and environmental quality. The strategic focus and operational strategies have been detailed in the following sections. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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13.1 VISION AND OBJECTIVES
13.1.1 VISION
Besides the constant fight against congestion, pollution and social deprivation, the 21st century has brought additional challenges to urban development ‐ Tackling the challenges raised by global warming and finding energy efficient solutions are also crucial for sustainable economic development. High‐speed, high‐bandwidth ICT infrastructures and ubiquitous and pervasive computing add an information and communication layer to the built and the social environments of city. Technology never exists in isolation, but in social, political and environmental contexts that have evolved over time and keep evolving into the future. Keeping the characteristics of Waraseoni city the vision for CDP2035 has taken as “AN ECO‐AGRO TRADING CITY” The Sustainability planning will include environmental, economic and community planning. The primary focus of the vision will be sustainability plan with the environmental component, sustainable economic development, and the social issue of environmental justice. 13.1.2
OBJECTIVES
The VISION focuses on key goals to help move towards this ambitious figure. These goals are: 1. Laying down broad policies and directions for growth in the principal zones. 2. Determining the hierarchy of roads and access ways. 3. Establishing the zoning of land use on all lands falling within the boundary. 4. Determining the standards for common facilities for education, health & social needs of the resident population. 5. Identifying the social and physical infrastructure requirements of the city. 6. Developing a mechanism for sustainable developments that harmonise both the needs of the environment and of development, as well as guidelines for such developments. 7. Identifying the requirement of investments. 8. Transform into a major center for Agro‐based food products, trading of agro products, horticulture, fish‐culture and floriculture. 9. Integration the neighbouring villages in the CDP boundary so they may take advantage of and benefit from their proximity to Waraseoni for their economic betterment. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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13.1.3
FORMULATION OF VISION
The characteristics of a town are the basis for evolving a particular vision for the city. The ecology base vision as Eco‐city is based on the assessment of Ecological Carrying Capacity of the city. a. The ecological carrying capacity defines the degree to which the ecosystems are able to tolerate human interference without a major impact on its natural course of sustainable functioning. The immediate indicators of ecological carrying capacity are levels of air, water and noise pollution created by the settlements, some of the medium and long term indicators could be changes in the micro climate and changes in the behavior of the natural elements around the settlement. b. The socio‐cultural, political and economic aspects are also considered, but again these are linked to the natural environmental factors with respect to certain concerns. It often happens that a town may have excellent livable conditions in terms of climate and natural setting, but may not have enough water supplies to sustain a large population. In that case the carrying capacity of the place would be dictated by the available resources of water. One can attempt to increase the carrying capacity by harvesting water and using it as required, but if one attempts to withdraw excessive water from the underground sources, it may lead to a drastic fall of the water table level, and thus leading to problems of survival of the natural flora and fauna. Over a period of time this may lead to the destruction of the natural ecosystem and leading to potential disaster of drought. Similarly it could be with the excessive creation of garbage, thus leading to an epidemic of some disease, or cutting trees and damaging water shed areas thus inviting floods in the plains at the foot hills. c. while projecting the population of a town it is important to take into consideration carrying capacities and the related factors, including the permanent and floating populations. Carrying capacity can be enhanced through environmental awareness and action. Stopping Tree cutting and mining operations in the upper watersheds pose problem of flooding. Using water shed management techniques will gradually correct the damage already done, enhancing the carrying capacity and future growth potential. Assessment of Waraseoni city for Ecological Carrying Capacity 1. The environmental parameters: air, water and air are tested and found more than satisfactory, i.e. much below the minimum recommended level by Central Pollution Control Board, New Delhi. 2. The basic infrastructure: water supply is satisfactory in the city. A project to get complete required water supply quantity to from Waingangā River is already submitted to State Govt. under UIDSSMT. The water supply project for agglomeration shall be taken soon. The implementation of these projects will stop the use of ground water for drinking purposes. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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3. The project for sewer system and storm water shall cater for the respected aspect to free city from expected problems. 4. The projects like watershed development, lake rejuvenation, river bunding, and other agriculture base projects will solve the problems related to these components and will increase green vegetation. 5. The currently the city and its agglomeration is on the transformational development stage from town to city. The beginning of complex development city form is strength rather than weakness to make it develop and transform into A CITY with planning in a desired form using Strategic planning tools such as green belts, green wedges and green fingers can to directly or indirectly protect biodiversity at the landscape‐scale. 6. The detailed Area Plans will provide a framework for biodiversity conservation. The detailed Area Plans and similar statutory and non‐statutory instruments provide a means for highlighting sites and species of high local ecological value that may not be subject to any form of formal protection. 13.2
CITY LEVEL STRATEGIES
13.2.1.1
Operational Strategy 2a: Managing Urban Growth
For effective, safe and sustainable growth management: •
Establishing a framework for planning and management of City •
Ensure that infrastructure development and enforcement of regulations keep pace with actual growth of city •
Effective Spatial Planning Framework •
Land for Housing the Urban Poor •
Create new development to offer high quality, and residential and business environment •
Preparation of Town Planning Schemes 13.2.1.2
Operational Strategy 2b Strengthening Urban Governance
To make the city more responsive and responsible, improve governance and management through: •
Establishing mechanisms for making city governance more transparent and accountable and enhancing public participation in governance •
Streamline administrative procedures for efficient urban management •
Initiate e‐governance for improved performance and service delivery. •
Raising adequate resources for realizing the vision of a “AN ECO‐AGRO TRADING CITY” •
Resources Mobilization to Realize the Vision of City •
MCW to be Transparent, Accountable and Responsive •
Public Participation in Governance Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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•
Capacity Building 13.2.1.3
Operational Strategy 2c Inter Agency Coordination
Waraseoni Municipal Council is to play a pivotal role for coordinating with the state government departments and other important agencies for cohesive growth in the City. It will also have to improve and streamline its inter‐departmental coordination. •
Inter‐departmental Coordination •
Coordinating with State Government •
Coordinating with other agencies 13.2.2
Development Policy to Achieve City Vision
1. Agro‐Trade Concept: Agro‐Trade Marketing: The City will transform into a major center for Agro‐based food products, for trading of agro products, and for horticulture, fish‐culture and floriculture by general policy guidelines. Formulation of policy:‐ a.To establish a farmer support financing mechanism to enhance productivity b. To improve competitiveness and profitability. c. To facilitate equitable access to agricultural infrastructure, services and participation by disadvantaged farmers. d. To increase sustainable agricultural development and trading of agro produce e. To create job opportunities and reduce poverty f. To increase household food security g. Off farm and on farm infrastructure and production inputs h. Marketing Infrastructure and business development i. Technical and advisory assistance j. Information and knowledge management k. The market system to be implemented in such an order to assist in ensuring that the database is effectively maintained, accurate and to encourage high levels of service excellence within the industry. Seri Culture Rejuveination plan: Establishment of Silk development center with R&D cell for training and educating in the field of silk farming for imparting training, to various levels of functionaries involved in farming and marketing activities, to offer consultancy services to the State and Central Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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Departments, Public Sector Undertakings, Cooperatives etc; in formulation of Projects, preparing Master Plans for States, Export Institutions, Traders, Farming, cloth preparation, printing and marketing and Establishment of research and development cell to undertake and study of applied and operational research in problem areas of farming conventional and ecological approach of silk farming. It will also include research farms to develop better variety. The project componenets shall be funded under industrial infrastruture upgradation scheme (IIUS) of government of India. Agriculture Development plan: After detailed study a detailed project will be prepared for the DEVELOPMENT of agriculture base to promote and facilitate agricultural development, targeting beneficiaries of land reform and disadvantaged communities and farmers including provision of conditional grant to provide support services under Strengthening of Agricultural Statistics and Policy Formulation scheme with 100% Grants‐in‐Aid to be provided by the Ministry of Agriculture. Moreover, stress would be given on following points:‐ f.
The project should ensure gender and disability sensitivity g. The land ownership should be clearly defined. h. Farmer/Community aspirations and wishes about the future of the project i.
Funds will be allocated on project basis supported with a comprehensive & viable business plan with clear objectives and outcomes. j.
Projects should be initiated and be driven by communities/farmer. 2. Eco‐city concept: Waraseoni and its agglomeration shall be developed as Eco‐city with following components: b) zero carbon and more sustainable approaches to living by using the opportunities of new design at zones and areas under new development; c) exploring the potential of well designed new settlements as an element of increasing the overall housing supply alongside growth in the city; d) Using the opportunities of large scale new construction to improve the design and delivery of affordable housing by creation of an ‘exemplar eco‐community’. e) Employment and business diversification, including new small and medium sized businesses and larger corporate industries; niche market, agricultural and food‐related industries; sustainable construction industries; renewable energy industries associated with wind farms, biomass fuel‐harvesting and “energy from‐waste” initiatives; f)
Renewable energy schemes including wet & dry biomass; energy from waste; wind farms; combined heat and power; hydro‐electricity and solar photo‐voltaics Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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g) Establish institutional investment and financial incentives in solar energy. Establish rules and regulations to support healthy solar energy development and markets establish the financial incentives necessary to support renewable energy investment. h) Creating Planning Tools that Support Eco‐Industrial Development. The Plan will enable City staff (primarily planning and engineering) to encourage and foster a greener, or eco‐
industrial, approach to development, or re‐development, of industrial lands. The Plan will recommend several actions, ranging from educational programs to changes in statutory plans. Staff can choose which actions they pursue, depending on resource availability. However, it should be noted that it is recommended that the City eventually adapt existing statutory policies to better reflect its vision for sustainable industrial development. Such changes would build on a foundation of internal and external education and outreach and create a policy framework that supports eco‐industrial activity and discourages ‘business‐as‐
usual’ industrial activity. i)
Introduction of green‐building concepts in the public building initially and then to all buildings. Drafting of green‐building guidelines including initial cost, operating and maintenance cost, and sustainability to make a mandatory rule for building bye‐laws. Induction of non‐conventional energy to residential and public buildings reduced load on conventional power energy. Conversion of all govt. and public buildings to non‐conventional energy. The ultimate effort will be to run the city on non‐conventional sources. Fixing of less energy consumption electrical fittings and equipments. Installation of solar street lights at all the junctions. j)
Installation of solar and wind farm. The average wind speed is 35kms/hr in all months and higher in monsoon. 3. Formulaton of specific Green Building Development policy A detailed project report will be prepared with extensive study to formulate GREEN DEVELOPMENT RULES. The "GREEN DEBVELOPMENT RULES" will specify guidelines for ground utilization, sunlight, natural ventilation and lighting, ecological greening, ground water, green transportation, building materials, insulation, external shading, use of rainwater, water use, classification and measurement of energy consumption, energy‐efficient lighting, efficient energy systems and equipment defined as basic requirements. Basic requirements and higher requirements will be different. Various criteria corresponding to different categories will also be provided including quantitative criteria for technique key‐points review and contents. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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1. In addition, administrative regulatory functions of planning, land, construction, environmental protection, the reform and financial and other related departments will be combined to set detailed regulations on project approval, program bidding, planning permission of construction, planning acceptance as well as green building‐related management activities. After the enact of the " GREEN DEVELOPMENT RULES ", government‐funded construction projects, the road construction, reconstruction and extension in central area, CBD area with high‐tech and other important sections, the habitation, office, shopping malls and hotel construction within the CDP 2035 boundary will fully achieve the national "Green Building Evaluation Criterion" four star level. The energy‐saving will also achieve the level of 50%. 2. the planning and design of green buildings to create a green‐featured, environmental protecting and energy saving in its life cycle, comfortable and efficient modern enterprise city through the design and appropriate use of green technologies. At the macro level, the wind path will be taken into account to form several major "Wind Corridors", which can ensure the ventilation along the dominant wind direction in the whole city. 3. Urban sustainable life plan i.
Optimum utilization of the lands and the location importance of the region, as a resource and generator of economic activities. j.
Increasing the competitiveness of the region in the country’s economy and developing the region towards achieving an economic self‐sustainability, contributing towards countries growth. k. Enhancing the existing healthy standard of living for the town’s inhabitants, improving the socio‐economic status of the city and providing facilities to sustain the life of the city in the long term. l.
Developing the city to meet global standards towards inviting multi‐sectoral investments in to the region. m. Conserving the eco‐fragile areas of the region from urban development. n. The proposed developments in the region will increase employment opportunity. It also has a major implication on the population multiplier of the region. The occupational pattern of region will change. The administrative sector will not be the major source of employment in the region. Instead of government, the private sector will become a major source of employment in the region. o. To increase the revenue of the municipality and the per capita income of the people to make them self‐sufficient. 100% collection of taxes. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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p. To educate the people on the preservation of natural and cultural assets at the same time accessing employment opportunities. q. To strengthen the collaboration of People's Organizations r.
To promote environmental awareness for a safe, secure, clean and friendly environment. s. Implementation of GIS for better monitoring, billing and fault finding of all services and infrastructure including traffic and police services. t.
Educate and empower urban communities on the guardianship of environmental resource and make them an integral part of decision‐making process in urban development. u. Investment Strategy : The role of Government is to create the enabling environment that establishes a positive climate for investment. This will encompass issues such as tax incentives; reduction in bureaucratic procedures and regulations, clarification of land tenure and land access issues 4. Development of Barrier Free Environment The city development under CDP 2035, will include the development guidelines for handicaps while developing the city. The guidelines specified by the Government of India for development under “barrier free environmental development “will form the basics for the development of city. The detailed guidelines are given in annexure. 5. Use of non‐conventional energy The CDP2035 aims to convert conventional energy use to con‐conventional energy by the end of the CDP planning period of 25years. For achieving aim following policy shall be adopted:‐ a) Increase market awareness of solar energy technology for all sectors. Establish rules and regulations to support healthy solar energy development and markets. Establish a technical training path for worker participation. b) Establish institutional investment and financial incentives in solar energy. Support policies that develop healthy solar energy development and markets. c) Secure the participation of the key regional players in developing solar energy projects and creating a solar energy market. Improve the ability of municipal governments to facilitate the solar energy development. d) Establish the financial incentives necessary to support renewable energy investment. Develop a conceptual model to foster the further development of solar energy technology and economic development in the region. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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e) Identify an appropriate public‐private agency to implement the strategies outlined in this plan and designate a regional solar energy coordinator. Develop an effective system to measure performance in achieving plan recommendations. f)
It is recommended that up to 16 megawatts (MW) of electric generation capacity, primarily through deployment of solar photovoltaic systems, shall be achieved by 2015. With less than 1 megawatt in place locally, this ramp‐up in solar deployment would only begin to remedy a deficiency when compared to other locales which will be expanding their own capacity over the same time horizon. A detailed master plan shall be prepared to achieve the targets under central energy mission. g) Transform financial barriers into opportunities for solar installations by developing and institutionalizing financing techniques for large‐scale solar energy installations. h) Transform informational barriers into opportunities for solar installations by extending solar energy best practices and outreach to the region. i)
Development proposal for windfarm shall be considered after detailed feasibility analysis. 13.3 DEVELOPMENT OF URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE
1. Redevelopment of core city area Under CDP 2035, the comprehensive redevelopment of the core city by reforming the complex structure to form a new zone with smooth traffic flow and other basic infrastructure measures by retaining the historic buildings and structures, significant car parking provision incorporated with vehicular and pedestrian links. 2. Development of Commericl area The decentralised commercial areas will be located as to have minimum travel distance from other landuses like residential, industrial area, etc. The land at in‐fill pockets will be developed as New Commercial district ( CBD). This area will get the opportunities to provide office accommodation (a business centre) with all modern facilities to be developed as the marketing center for agriculture related uses. 3. Development of social infrastructure Training/college facilities, Youth links and other social infrastructure shall be provided on the north and east side in newly developed area. These sports facilities will strengthen local players’ capacity in the area and facilitate improvement of the existing sport activity. 4. Education To enhance a strong educational base and the role of High School, College and the Primary Schools, a boarding school upto xii std. to be established with the invitation of private education institution orgnisation of national/international repute. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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5. Employment generation: The proposed project is intended to address the problem of the households living below the income threshold, thereby bridging the gap between development on one hand and the environment and social concerns on the other hand. The development of agriculture related business following the national standards will further boost the economy and provide revenue and employment opportunity of the people. 6. Organisations and Structures Delivery of the vision will require the focused and co‐ordinated efforts of a range of organisations. Over time the parties and levels of input will vary, but it is important that the sense of ownership and commitment to realising the benefits to the town remains consistent. This will have particular challenges during the period of transition to the new Council structures, during which time, it is anticipated that many departments current responsibilities will transfer to the local authority. It is set within this context that it is proposed that Town Partnership should play a central role. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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Chapte 14 Annexure
14.1 ANNEXURE: GOVERNMENT POLICY AND PROGRAMME
Policies and Incentives Several significant initiatives have been taken in recent years by the Government in order to reverse the downward trend in agricultural production. Some of these important initiatives include:
Bharat Nirman
National Urban/Rural Employment Guarantee Programme
National Horticulture Mission
Expansion of Institutional Credit to Farmers
Establishment of the National Bee Board
Establishment of the National Rainfed Area Authority
Establishment of the National Fisheries Development Board (NFDB)
Watershed Development and Micro Irrigation Programmes
Reforms in Agricultural Marketing and Development of Market Infrastructure
Revitalisation of Cooperative Sector
Agri‐business Development through Venture Capital Participation by the Small Farmer Agri‐
business Consortium
Reform and Support for Agriculture Extension Services
National urban/Rural Health Mission
National Food Security Mission
Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana to incentivise the states to invest more in agriculture
Integrated Food Law
Legislative Framework for Warehousing Development and Regulation
Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers’ Rights (PPVFR) Act, 2001
National Bamboo Mission and
Knowledge Connectivity through Common Service Centres (CSC) and IT initiatives. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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14.2 ANNEXURE A
DISTRICT WISE DATA FOR AGRICULTURE AND HOTRICULTURE PRODUCE Table 14.2.1 District wise details of land use under agriculture and forest (District scenario) Type of area Area (sq. km.) % percentage of Area Total Area of district 9229 Sq. Km. [922900 100 Hect.] Area of Forest 471337 Hect. (4713.37 Sq. 51.0 Km) Net Sown Area 343698 Hect. 37.0 Land not useful for cultivation 55498 Hect. 6.0 Total Crop Area. 373129 Hect. 26.0 Double Crop area 95542 Hect. 72.0 Kharif Area 269355 Hect. 27.80 Rabi Area 103774 Hect. 35.90 Total Irrigated Area 134014 Hect. 38.01% Table 14.2. 2 Detail of crop production (district scenario) Sr.No. NAME AREA SOWN (Hect) PRODUCTION (1000 Ton) 1. WHEAT 20161 12.2 2. PADDY 238931 253.9 3. MAIZE 5032 4.9 4. GRAM 6737 3.9 5. BLACK GRAM 10185 3.7 6. OTHER PULSES 21300 4.6 7 SUGAR CANE 2044 7.4 8. OIL SEED 28593 5.6 Table 14.2.3 District wise details of land use under Horticulture Horticulture Net Sown Area of Fruits 3003 Hect. Net Sown Area of Vegetables 4312 Hect. Net Sown Area of Masala 1143 Hect. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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Net Sown Area of Flower 120 Hect. Net Sown Area of Medicine Plants 20 Hect. Productions Name of Fruits Mango, Name of Vegetables Name of Masala Name of Flower Orange, Potato, Onion, Lady Chili, Ginger, Turmeric Genda Lemon, Kathal, Amrud Finger, Tomato, etc. Beans, Cabbage,
Flower Cabbage,
Carrot etc (Source: agriculture department) 14.3
ANNEXURE B
DISTRICT WISE DETAILS OF FOREST PRODUCE Table 14.3.1 Production quantity of Forest Produce and minor forest produce S.NO NAME PRODUCTION 1. COMMERCIAL BAMBOO 25838 NT 2. INDUSTRIAL BAMBOO 35084 NT 3. TIMBER 5303 CMT 4. TENDU LEAVES 1.40 Lakh Std. Bags 5. HARRA 5000 Qtls. 6. CHIROTA SEED 3500 Qtls. 7. AONLA 500 Qtls. 8. SAL SEED 1500 Qtls. 9. MAHUL LEAVES 5000 Qtls. 10. GUMS QUALITY II (Babool, Dhaodu) 165 Qtls. 14.3.2 Production quantity of timber and Bamboo Production Year Timber (cmt.) Fuel Stacks (Nos.) Commercial Bamboo (NT) Industrial Bamboo (NT) 1994‐1995 17414 30087 46223 71464 1995‐1996 21745 29818 36106 52118 1996‐1997 17698 21350 45996 74789 Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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1997‐1998 23941 28786 42105 59326 1998‐1999 5303 9401 25838 35084 (Source: forest department) 13.3.3 Production quantity Minor Forest Produces/Non Wood Forest Produces Common Name Botanical Name Potential Tendu Leaves Diospyros melanoxylon 1.40 lakh std. Bags. Harra Terminalia chebula 5000 Qtls. Sal Seed Shorea robusta 1500 Qtls. Chirota Seed Casia tora 3500 Qtls. Gums Quality‐ II (Babool, Dhaoda) Acacia nilotica, Anogeissus 165 Qtls. latifolia Amla Emblica officinalis 500 Qtls. Mahul Leaves Bauhinia vahlii 5000 Qtls. (Source: forest department) Revenue Year Target Std. Bags Collection 1996 138000 137327.820 1093.28 796 1997 138000 126672.305 1086.16 857 1998 138000 134315.250 800.37 772 1999 139000 149432.680 733.46 980 (Rs. Lakh) Total Table 14.3.4 Income (Revenue) and Expenditure Year Income (Rs. Lakh) 1994‐95 Expenditure (Rs. Lakh) Non‐Plan Plan Total 2272 1829 115 1945 1995‐96 2431 1983 100 2083 1996‐97 2603 2313 92 2405 1997‐98 2933 2389 320 2709 1998‐99 2982 2346 277 2633 1999‐2000 2289 0907 27 934 Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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14.3.2 Bamboo Bamboo is found in large quantity and in good quality in Balaghat tehsil. The Nistar arrangement is given in table 13.2.6. Table 14.3. 5 Nistar Arrangements for Bamboo production Year No. of Depots Bamboo (Nos.) Qty. Distributed
Nistar Value (Lakh) Market Value Poles
Fuel Stacks
(Lakh) 1993‐94 112 50,01,666 32,581
30,976
177.85
469.77 1994‐95 115 56,94,190 92,730
28,101
145.01
571.56 1995‐96 120 60,12.013 56,494
22,182
137.17
508.56 1996‐97 115 48,18,754 37,971
23,073
113.17
508.56 1997‐98 117 50,22,000 35,000
22,000
93.93
424.55 1998‐99 118 44,46,619 16,677
18,863
109.41
423.20 Afforestation Efforts Year Compen. Afforest. RDF Regener.
VRDP
ANR
Total (ha.)
1994‐95 205 1900
600
‐
‐
2705 1995‐96 97 800 505
‐
‐
1402 1996‐97 290 1000
550
‐
‐
1840 1997‐98 361 550 550
275
2646
4402 1998‐99 6.5 644 700
900
2653
4903.5 1998‐99 ‐ 300 ‐
1470
1855
3625 1999‐2K ‐ 274 700
1350
‐
2324 (Source: forest department) 14.3.3. Forest Offences The production of forest produce and minor forest produce is at large quantity, this also give rise to forest offences like theft etc. the yearly record of forest offences are given in table 3.31. Table 14.3.6. Forest Offences record Year No. Cases Value Of Seized Vehicles Of Seized Forest Produce Timber Fuel Stacks Bamboo Forest Produce Seized (cmt.) (qtl.) (n.t.) (Rs. Lakh) Vehicles Confiscated 1995‐96 5741 1428 1100
110
49.87
13 1996‐97 5076 1010 1219
72
58.10
3 1997‐98 4520 1480 3546
37
67.51
3 2 1998‐99 5115 1946 6497
36
87.44
5 1999‐2K(Oct.99) 2297 703 1042
23
36.98
1 Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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Table 14.3.7 Data of Sal Seed collection and disposal(state level) Year Collection Rate (Rs./Qntl) Quantity collected Collection Wages
Quantity Disposed off 1995 160 361687
578.70
355557 1996 160 795111
1272.17
779369 1997 200 223412
446.82
217149 1998 300 44179
132.54
41637 1999 300 77635
232.91
75439 2000 320 347645
1112.46
336384 2001 330 12060
39.79
12060 2002 330 6273
20.70
6273 2003 330 709
2.34
709 2004 330 570
1.88
570 2005 330 3834
12.65
3834 2006 450 3319
14.94
3319 2007 Collection Banned 2008 1000 89
0.89
89 2009 1000 76519
765.19
‐ 14.3.8 Data of Tendu Leaves Trade (State level) Year Collection
1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008** 2009** 2010*** 43.61 61.15 46.16 45.06 41.31 42.38 39.56 44.60 40.14 45.47 49.37 29.59 21.28 22.74 22.25 25.77 16.83 17.97 24.21 18.25 20.49 21.24 Collection Rate per S.B 150 250 250 250 300 300 300 350 350 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 450 550 550 650 Creative Circle, Nagpur.
Collection Wages 65.42
152.88
115.40
112.65
123.93
127.14
118.68
156.10
140.49
181.84
194.20
114.78
83.09 89.04 87.56
101.61
66.37
71.88
108.94
100.35
112.67
138.09
Quantity Stored 43.58
60.57
45.79
44.64
40.98
42.08
39.36
44.43
39.95
45.23
49.12
29.49
21.22
22.65
22.21
25.72
16.82
17.97
24.21
18.25
20.49
21.24
Quantity disposed off 43.58
60.57
45.79
44.64
40.98
42.08
39.36
44.43
39.95
45.23
49.12
29.49
21.22
22.65
22.21
25.72
16.82
17.97
24.21
17.47
20.25
20.73
Sale Expenditure Net Price receipt 405.15 114.70 290.45
248.47 209.12 39.35
298.07 180.00 118.07
285.99 201.47 84.52
252.77 198.29 54.48
299.40 210.95 88.45
289.39 197.80 91.59
338.85 269.38 69.47
338.69 244.05 94.64
407.66 280.39 127.27
402.20 283.87 118.33
176.31 160.08 16.23 111.05 136.07 ‐
165.77 143.83 21.94
152.95 140.71 12.24
167.71 145.86 21.85
131.41 106.90 24.51
151.33 100.56 50.77
373.64 136.89 236.75
210.31 134.42 75.89
264.88 139.54 125.34
327.05 165.81 161.24
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Note:‐ ** Figures for 2008 & 2009 seasons are to be finalised *** Figures of 2010 are for advance sale only. Collection shall be done during April‐June 2010. 1) Quantity: In lakh Standard Bags (1 Standard Bag=50,000 leaves); 2) Amount: In Rs. Crores. Table 14.3.9 Collection and sale data of Harra Year Collection Quantity Collection Quantity Total
Rate collected Wages sold Sale Expenditure Price (Rs. per Qntl) Average
Sale Rate
(Rs. Per Qntl.) 1994‐95 110 55056 60.56
53988
106.81
152.73 282.90
1995‐96 130 107150 139.30
105916
230.37
366.17 345.72
1996‐97 170 92472 157.20
90532
246.90
424.16 468.52
1997‐98 200 25753 51.51
25678
77.26
250.87 976.98
1998‐99 300 55430 166.29
52083
188.46
369.56 709.56
1999‐2000 550 47993 263.96
47080
287.96
321.70 683.31
2000‐01 300 42230 126.69
42130
147.81
162.56 385.85
2001‐02 250 29682 74.20
29679
103.89
77.56 261.33
2002‐03 200 10948 21.90
10948
38.32
25.63 234.11
Table 14.3.10 Details of collected quantity of NWFP (year 1998‐99) ( State level) Name of the NWFP Quantity S.No. Local English Botanical
(in Qntls) 1 Achar‐guthli Chironji
Buchanania lanzan
466.00 2 Amla Indian Gooseberry
Phyllanthus emblica
5,692.00 3 Amla(Dry) Indian Gooseberry
Phyllanthus emblica
15.00 4 Baheda Bellirie Myrobalaon
Terminalia bellerica
264.00 5 Chirota Seed
Cassia tora
404.00 a Honey Honey
b Imli Tamarind
c Mahua flower
6 Mahua Gulli 7 6.00 Tamarindus indica
150.00 Madhuca indica
1,555.00 Mahua
Madhuca indica
20.00 Mahul Patta Mahul Patta
Bauhinia vahlii
2,675.00 8 Safed Musli Safed Musli
Chlorophytum tuberosum 4.00 9 Nagarmotha Roots Motha
Cypersus rotundus
51.00 Page 283
10 Satawar 11 Others Wild Shatawar
Asparagus racemosus
28.60 858.00 Total 12,188.60 14.4 ANNEXURE C
The total water area available in the district is given in the table 3.28. Table 13.4.1 Total available Water Area and fish production TYPE NUMBER
WATER AREA
Rural Talab 1160
2171.024 sqkm
Irrigation Water Reservoir 233
3728.790 sqkm
PLACE
BLOCK
Total Production Area of Fisheries SCHEME 1] Fisheries Seeds Production Murzad
Waraseoni
[Target 600 Lakhs this year] Katangi
Tirodi
No. Fisheries Seeds 2] Fisheries Seeds Development Bamanwada
1.00 Hect
100
[Target 80. Lakhs] Tirodi
1.00 Hect
100
Pathri
1.00 Hect
30
Moti Talab
1.00 Hect
100
Baihar
0.30 Hect
30
33.00 Hect
0.66 Lakh Target 1.65 1] Fisheries Seeds Store [Target Pathri
600 Lakhs this year] for Angulikaye MT. Production (Source: record fisheries department) There are eight medium size irrigation tanks in the District. They are: 1. Sarathi(328.6 ha.) 2. Mahalesara (212.5 ha.) 3. Gangulpara (179.7 ha.) 4. Murarooda (120.6 ha.) 5. Chanwarpani (111.3 ha.) 6. Jamunia tank 7. Jalgaon,and 8. Kharadi 14.5ANNEXURE D
Small‐Daimeter‐Gravity‐Sewer‐System The decentralized wastewater management system shall have small diameter‐gravity‐sewer‐system ( SDGS) for cp;;ectopm pf effluent, independent wastewater treatment and disposal system. It is Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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suitable for intermediate stage, when the conventional system is not feasible to adopt. Interceptor tanks are used to make the primary treatment effective before discharging grey water in to the SDGS system. The system use septic tank to provide pre‐treatment to the household wastewater and allow the bulk of the solids materials to settle out. Because the sewers will be collecting and transporting only fewer colloidal solids, they can be smaller in diameter than conventional sewers. The septic tanls of the individual property, whever they are available shall be utilized. Interceptor‐
cum‐septic tanks one for two or more houses shall be located in the public road near the properties. SDGS systems use plastic pipes, which cost less and are easier and less expensive to install than conventional sewer. A minimum of 90 to 110mm in OD pipes shall be used. Manholes at 30m interval as in conventional sewerage system are not required. Cleanouts at heads of the sewerage and inspection chambers at the junctions only are required. As there is a septic tank/ interceptor tank at each connection, O &M for SDGM system is similar to septic tank systems. Annual inspection of the septic tank is recommended and solids need to be periodically removed from the tank. For efficient functioning of the SDGS system the septic tanks and interceptor tanks are made as part of the sewerage system. Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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14.6
IST OF ABBREVIATION
% : ARV : ASL : BOD : BPL : BSUP : CAGR : CBO : CDP : CIP : CO2 : CPCB : Cr. : CUR : DCH : Dept. : DFO : DIC : DO : DSR : DTO : EDC : EDC : EIUS : EWS : FC : GIS : GoI : GoMP : HH : HUDCO : JE : JNNURM : LPCD : MC : MCW: MIS : MLD : MSW : NGO : NH : NO2 : O & M : OR : PPP : PSEB : PSU : PWD : RCC : ROB : Percentage Annual Rateable Value Above Sea Level Biological Oxygen Demand Below Poverty Line Basic Service To Urban Poor Compound Annual Growth Rate Community Based Organization City Development Plan City Investment Plan Carbon Dioxide Central Pollution Control Board Crore Capital Utilization Ratio District Census Handbook Department Divisional Fire Officer District Industrial Center Dissolved Oxygen Debt Service Ratio District Transport Officer External Development Charge External Development Charge Environmental Improvement Of Urban Slum Economic Weaker Section Fixed Carbon Geographic Information System Government Of India Government Of MADHYA PRADESH House Hold Housing And Urban Development Corporation Junior Engineer Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission Liter Per Capita Per Day Municipal Council Municipal Council Waraseoni Municipal Information System Million Liter Per Day Municipal Solid Waste Non Government Organization National Highway Nitrogen Oxide Operation And Maintenance Operation Ratio Public Private Participation MADHYA PRADESH State Electricity Board Public Sector Undertaking Public Works Department Reinforced Cement Concrete Rail Over Bridge Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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Rs. : RTO : SDO : SE : SOI : SPM : STP : SWM : SWOT : TC : TDS : ULB : W/S : Rupees Road Transport Organization Sub Divisional Officer Sub Engineer Survey Of India Suspended Particulate Matter Sewerage Treatment Plant Solid Waste Management Strength – Weakness – Opportunity – Threat Total Carbon Total Dissolves Solid Urban Local Bodies Water Supply Creative Circle, Nagpur.
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CITY DEVELOPMENT PLAN WARASEONI, MADHYA PRADESH

Transcription

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