HOW TO: Design Mobile Ad Hoc Networks and Protocols January 23, 2007
Transcription
HOW TO: Design Mobile Ad Hoc Networks and Protocols January 23, 2007
OPNET Technologies, Inc. HOW TO: Design Mobile Ad Hoc Networks and Protocols January 23, 2007 Best Practice Approaches for Accelerating Network R&D OPNET Confidential – Not for release to third parties © 2006 OPNET Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. OPNET and OPNET product names are trademarks of OPNET Technologies, Inc. About OPNET Technologies, Inc. Corporate Overview • • • • • • Founded in 1986 Publicly traded (NASDAQ: OPNT) HQ in Bethesda MD 460 employees Worldwide presence through direct offices and channel partners Cisco worldwide OEM Best-in-class Software and Services • • • • Application Performance Management Network Operations Capacity Planning and Design Network R&D Strong Financial Track Record In Recognition of Visionary use of Information Technology • Long history of profitability • Revenues of $88M as of Q4 2006 • Approximately 25% of revenue re-invested in R&D Broad Customer Base • • • • Network World Top 200 Corporate Enterprises Government Agencies/DoD Service Providers R&D Organizations OPNET Confidential – Not for release to third parties © 2006 OPNET Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. OPNET and OPNET product names are trademarks of OPNET Technologies, Inc. Online Technology Workshop AGENDA HOW TO: Design Mobile Ad Hoc Networks and Protocols Best Practice Approaches for Accelerating Network R&D Learn how to: • Evaluate the performance of networks applying different MANET design parameters • Incorporate OPNET models for OLSR, OSPFv3, DSR, and AODV into MANET studies • Leverage an open MANET framework to interface MANET routing models with IPv4, IPv6, WLAN, and more OPNET Confidential – Not for release to third parties © 2006 OPNET Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. OPNET and OPNET product names are trademarks of OPNET Technologies, Inc. MANET Capabilities in OPNET • MANET routing protocols –AODV –DSR –OLSR –OSPFv3 –TORA • Environment –Embedded in routers, workstations and server nodes –Open source for adding new MANET protocols and customizing existing protocols • Interface to IP –MANET protocols use IP’s • Addressing • Forwarding capabilities –OPNET’s IP is dual-stack capable (IPv4 and IPv6) –All MANET routing protocols support both IPv4 and IPv6 OPNET Confidential – Not for release to third parties © 2006 OPNET Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. OPNET and OPNET product names are trademarks of OPNET Technologies, Inc. MANET Capabilities in OPNET (cont.) • Wireless Capabilities –Abstracted from wireless MAC layer –OPNET MANET nodes use 802.11x for wireless MAC • 802.11a, 11b, 11e. 11g –Can take advantage of wireless module capabilities • Terrain • Wireless domain • Antenna • Pipelines • Trajectories • Random mobility –Connectivity with the wired network • Analysis Tools –Statistics, diagnostics and reports are available –Route-tracing and animation OPNET Confidential – Not for release to third parties © 2006 OPNET Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. OPNET and OPNET product names are trademarks of OPNET Technologies, Inc. Performance Benchmark 72 hours simulated, MANET routing, terrain, mobility • Real-time w/ 5000 nodes, low traffic • 100X real-time w/ 50 nodes, heavy traffic • 5X real-time w/ 1000 nodes, medium traffic OPNET platform for discrete event simulation OPNET wireless acceleration techniques Confirmed on COTS Windows/Intel + port to Linux/PPC (Routing protocol: AODV) OPNET Confidential – Not for release to third parties © 2006 OPNET Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. OPNET and OPNET product names are trademarks of OPNET Technologies, Inc. Discrete Event Simulation Kernel Performance OPNET Discrete Event Simulation Kernel Performance (11.5 vs 12.0) 2500000 1.8 54% 1.6 33% 1.4 18% 1.2 1500000 11.5 events/sec 1 12.0 events/sec Speedup factor 1000000 0.8 0.6 0.4 500000 0.2 0 0 Wireline packet transmission Wireless packet broadcast Node movement along trajectories Performance of specific kernel computations enhanced for 12.0 OPNET Confidential – Not for release to third parties © 2006 OPNET Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. OPNET and OPNET product names are trademarks of OPNET Technologies, Inc. Speedup Factor Events Per Sec 2000000 Discrete Event Simulation Model Performance OPNET Discrete Event Simulation Model Performance (11.5 vs 12.0) 11.5 execution time 250 7 12.0 execution time 633% Speedup factor 6 200 150 4 295% 100 295% 3 2 220% 50 1 0 0 AODV BGP OLSR OSPFv3 Performance of specific protocol models enhanced for 12.0, 100-200 nodes per model OPNET Confidential – Not for release to third parties © 2006 OPNET Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. OPNET and OPNET product names are trademarks of OPNET Technologies, Inc. Speedup Factor Execution Time (secs) 5 Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) Model Features • • • • • • • • Neighbor detection MPR selection Topology discovery Routing table computation IPv4 / IPv6 support Uses IP common route table Debugging and Simulation Tracing Can be configured on –MANET stations –WLAN workstations and servers –Routers (with single/multiple WLAN interfaces) • Referenced RFC 3626 OPNET Confidential – Not for release to third parties © 2006 OPNET Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. OPNET and OPNET product names are trademarks of OPNET Technologies, Inc. AODV Model Features • • • • • • • • • • Route discovery Hello messages Route maintenance Gratuitous reply Local repair Expanding ring search IPv4 / IPv6 support Uses IP common route table Debugging and Simulation Tracing Can be configured on –MANET stations –WLAN workstations and servers –Routers (with single/multiple WLAN interfaces) • Referenced RFC 3561 OPNET Confidential – Not for release to third parties © 2006 OPNET Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. OPNET and OPNET product names are trademarks of OPNET Technologies, Inc. DSR Model Features • • • • • • • • • Route Discovery Route Maintenance Route Cache Replying to route requests using cached routes Non-propagating route request Packet Salvaging Automatic Route Shortening IPv4 / IPv6 support Can be configured on –MANET stations –WLAN workstations and servers • Referenced DSR Internet Draft (February 24, 2003) OPNET Confidential – Not for release to third parties © 2006 OPNET Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. OPNET and OPNET product names are trademarks of OPNET Technologies, Inc. OSPFv3 Model Features • • • • • • • • • Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) Link state routing Equal cost/Multi-path routing Hello protocol Multiple OSPF Areas Route Redistribution Designated Router Election Support for MANET Designated Routers Can be configured on –MANET stations –WLAN workstations and servers • Referenced RFC 2740 OPNET Confidential – Not for release to third parties © 2006 OPNET Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. OPNET and OPNET product names are trademarks of OPNET Technologies, Inc. Help Documents and Links • Model User Guide in OPNET documentation –AODV Model User Guide –DSR Model User Guide –OLSR Model User Guide –OSPF Model User Guide • Example networks –“MANET” example project (under <models/std/example_networks>) • OPNETWORK 2006 Sessions –1345 Planning and Analyzing Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks –1527 Accelerating Wireless Simulations Using Scalability Techniques –1816 Introduction to WiFi –1820 Introduction to MANET –1829 Advanced Topics in MANET--Multicast, QoS, and Security –1941 Understanding MANET Model Internals and Interfaces –Note: OPNETWORK proceedings can be accessed through www.opnet.com/opnetwork/ OPNET Confidential – Not for release to third parties © 2006 OPNET Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. OPNET and OPNET product names are trademarks of OPNET Technologies, Inc. Getting More Information • Upcoming Conferences –AFCEA West 2007: San Diego, Jan 31 – Feb 2 –IPv6 Summit: Reston, March 27-29 –23rd National Space Symposium: Colorado Springs, April 9-12 –ITEC: Cologne, Germany, April 24-26 –http://www.opnet.com/news/events/conferences.html • Upcoming Online Tech Workshops in Designing and Analyzing Mobile Ad Hoc Networks series –HOW TO: Model and Simulate Wireless Propagation Incorporating Environmental Effects: Jan 30 –HOW TO: Enhance Mobile Ad Hoc Network Planning with OPNET's 3D Network Visualizer: Feb 6 –http://www.opnet.com/TechWorkshops/ • For Additional Information: –Visit OPNET’s website at www.opnet.com –Email [email protected] –Call: (240) - 497- 3000 OPNET Confidential – Not for release to third parties © 2006 OPNET Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. OPNET and OPNET product names are trademarks of OPNET Technologies, Inc. OPNET Technologies, Inc. Appendix OPNET Confidential – Not for release to third parties © 2006 OPNET Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. OPNET and OPNET product names are trademarks of OPNET Technologies, Inc. Randomly placing n nodes in network • Create new scenario with specific size • Choose Topology Æ Rapid Configuration • Configuration: Unconnected Net OPNET Confidential – Not for release to third parties © 2006 OPNET Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. OPNET and OPNET product names are trademarks of OPNET Technologies, Inc. Rapid Configuration: Example OPNET Confidential – Not for release to third parties © 2006 OPNET Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. OPNET and OPNET product names are trademarks of OPNET Technologies, Inc. Configuring MANET Protocol • Three ways to configure MANET routing protocol –On individual end-stations • Edit-Attributes Æ AD-HOC Routing Parameters Æ AD-HOC Routing Protocol –Individual interfaces of routers • Edit-Attributes Æ IP Routing Parameters Æ Interface Information Æ Routing Protocol(s) –All interfaces in the scenario • IP Dynamic Routing Protocol (global attribute) • Global assignment that ignores configuration on individual interfaces OPNET Confidential – Not for release to third parties © 2006 OPNET Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. OPNET and OPNET product names are trademarks of OPNET Technologies, Inc. Configuring MANET Routing Protocol OPNET Confidential – Not for release to third parties © 2006 OPNET Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. OPNET and OPNET product names are trademarks of OPNET Technologies, Inc. Statistics OPNET Confidential – Not for release to third parties © 2006 OPNET Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. OPNET and OPNET product names are trademarks of OPNET Technologies, Inc. MANET Architecture 3 2 1 Topology/ Route Discovery Application MANET Routing Protocol Populates IP Forwarding Table IP IP lookup for forwarding Maintains Lower layer Maintains protocol specific routing table IP Forwarding Table Data Traffic OPNET Confidential – Not for release to third parties © 2006 OPNET Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. OPNET and OPNET product names are trademarks of OPNET Technologies, Inc. Model Architecture (OLSR) manet_rte_mgr child process OLSR NOTE: OLSR sits over UDP OPNET Confidential – Not for release to third parties © 2006 OPNET Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. OPNET and OPNET product names are trademarks of OPNET Technologies, Inc. Model Architecture (AODV, DSR, TORA) ip_dispatch child process manet_mgr child process DSR AODV TORA/IMEP OPNET Confidential – Not for release to third parties © 2006 OPNET Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. OPNET and OPNET product names are trademarks of OPNET Technologies, Inc. OLSR Model Files olsr_rte.pr.m • olsr_rte.pr.m (main process model) • Generates/processes OLSR control packets • Maintains OLSR tables and updates IP common routing table • olsr.h – defines OLSR table structures • olsr_pkt_support.h – defines OLSR packet formats • olsr_support.h/ex.c – defines OLSR support functions OPNET Confidential – Not for release to third parties © 2006 OPNET Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. OPNET and OPNET product names are trademarks of OPNET Technologies, Inc. OLSR – Tables Periodic Hello Msg with Neighbor interface info Link Set Table Nbr Set Table 2-hop nbr set Table MPR Selector Set Table TC message Topology set Table MPR set Table Routing Table Re-calculation OPNET Confidential – Not for release to third parties © 2006 OPNET Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. OPNET and OPNET product names are trademarks of OPNET Technologies, Inc. Packet Flow - OLSR Application layer UDP manet_rte_mgr Control Packet from / to Olsr Control Packet olsr IP routing process Control Packet from / to lower layer Data packet processed by IP Forwarding Table Data Packet MAC/physical layer OPNET Confidential – Not for release to third parties © 2006 OPNET Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. OPNET and OPNET product names are trademarks of OPNET Technologies, Inc. Configuring AODV OPNET Confidential – Not for release to third parties © 2006 OPNET Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. OPNET and OPNET product names are trademarks of OPNET Technologies, Inc. AODV Model Files • Process model (<opnet_dir>/std/manet) –aodv_rte • Generates/processes AODV control packets • Maintains AODV routing tables and updates IP common routing table • Header files (<opnet_dir>/std/include) –aodv.h - Defines constants, data structure for route, request & connectivity tables –aodv_pkt_support.h - Defines packet type and structures (rreq, rrep, rerr) –aodv_ptypes.h - Function prototypes for external files • External Source: C code (<opnet_dir>/std/manet) –aodv_pkt_queue.ex.c –aodv_pkt_support.ex.c –aodv_request_table.ex.c –aodv_route_table.ex.c –aodv_support.ex.c OPNET Confidential – Not for release to third parties © 2006 OPNET Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. OPNET and OPNET product names are trademarks of OPNET Technologies, Inc. Data Traffic Packet Flow - AODV • Data packet from application layer Application layer IP Packet from upper layer (1) ip_dispatch Packet from MANET (7) IP routing process Packet to IP routing process (6) Packet to MANET (4) manet_mgr Processing (2) output interface (5) dsr tora aodv Route discovery Packet to lower layer (3) MAC/physical layer Legends (2) – (3): Pkt for forwarding (4) – (7): Pkt with no route to forward OPNET Confidential – Not for release to third parties © 2006 OPNET Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. OPNET and OPNET product names are trademarks of OPNET Technologies, Inc. Data Traffic Packet Flow - AODV • Data packet from lower layer Application layer Packet to upper layer (5) IP ip_dispatch Packet from MANET (9) Packet to upper layer (4) Packet to IP routing process (8) Packet to MANET (6) IP routing process manet_mgr Processing (2) Packet from lower layer output interface (7) dsr (1) tora aodv Route discovery Packet to lower layer (3) Legends (2) – (3): Pkt for forwarding (4) – (5): Pkt destined for this node (6) – (9): Pkt with no route to forward MAC/physical layer OPNET Confidential – Not for release to third parties © 2006 OPNET Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. OPNET and OPNET product names are trademarks of OPNET Technologies, Inc. AODV Control Packet Flow Application layer IP ip_dispatch Packet to IP routing process Packet from MANET Packet to IP routing process Packet from lower layer MANET output interface manet_mgr dsr tora aodv Packet to lower layer MAC/physical layer OPNET Confidential – Not for release to third parties © 2006 OPNET Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. OPNET and OPNET product names are trademarks of OPNET Technologies, Inc. Configuring DSR OPNET Confidential – Not for release to third parties © 2006 OPNET Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. OPNET and OPNET product names are trademarks of OPNET Technologies, Inc. DSR Model Files • Process model (<opnet_dir>/std/manet) –dsr_rte • Generates / processes DSR control packets • Maintain DSR routing tables • Processes / forwards data packets • Header files (<opnet_dir>/std/include) –dsr.h - Defines constants, data structure for route cache, send buffer, maintenance buffer –dsr_pkt_support.h - Defines packet types and structures (rreq, rrep, rerr) –dsr_ptypes.h - Function prototypes for external files • External Source: C code (<opnet_dir>/std/manet) –dsr_maintenance_buffer.ex.c –dsr_route_cache.ex.c –dsr_route_discovery.ex.c –dsr_send_buffer.ex.c –dsr_support.ex.c –dsr_pkt-support.ex.c –dsr_notif_log_support.ex.c OPNET Confidential – Not for release to third parties © 2006 OPNET Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. OPNET and OPNET product names are trademarks of OPNET Technologies, Inc.