Abridged Air Traffic Control Manual Queen Beatrix International Airport (TNCA) Page 1

Transcription

Abridged Air Traffic Control Manual
Queen Beatrix International Airport (TNCA)
IVAO AW – http://aw.ivao.aero – Version 3.1 May 2014
Page 1
Photo by Hubert Croes
Table of Contents
Abridged Air Traffic Control Manual Queen Beatrix International Airport (TNCA)
Table of Contents .............................................................................................................................................. 2 Bonbini! .............................................................................................................................................................. 3 About Aruba ....................................................................................................................................................... 3 Aerodrome information ...................................................................................................................................... 3 Airport Diagram .................................................................................................................................................. 4 Runways (Declared Distances)...................................................................................................................... 4 Language ....................................................................................................................................................... 5 To Radar, or No To Radar? ........................................................................................................................... 5 TNCA Low Altitude Enroute Chart (partial) .................................................................................................... 5 Arrivals ............................................................................................................................................................... 6 Visual approach ............................................................................................................................................. 6 Instrument approach ...................................................................................................................................... 6 RNAV (GPS) Approaches (STAR) TNCA ...................................................................................................... 7 Departures ......................................................................................................................................................... 8 Start up and pushback clearance .................................................................................................................. 8 IFR Clearances .............................................................................................................................................. 8 Clearance limit ............................................................................................................................................... 8 VFR ................................................................................................................................................................ 9 VFR minimums............................................................................................................................................... 9 After take off ................................................................................................................................................... 9 Special procedures for flights between Josefa Camejo Airport (SVJC) and Reina Beatrix International
(TNCA) ........................................................................................................................................................... 9 Controller Handoffs ...................................................................................................................................... 10 Frequencies ................................................................................................................................................. 10 SSR (transponder) codes............................................................................................................................. 11 Weather ........................................................................................................................................................ 11 The Curacao FIR ............................................................................................................................................. 12 Airspace Class ............................................................................................................................................. 12 Radio Frequencies ....................................................................................................................................... 12 Airports (from west to east) .......................................................................................................................... 12 Bordering FIRs ............................................................................................................................................. 12 Altimeter Setting ........................................................................................................................................... 12 Airway System ............................................................................................................................................. 12 Annex 1: Routes Structure around ABA VOR (Aruba, AW) ............................................................................ 13 Upper Routes and Radials to ABA VOR ...................................................................................................... 13 Lower Routes and Radials to ABA VOR ...................................................................................................... 13 IVAO AW – http://aw.ivao.aero – Version 3.1 May 2014
Page 2
Bonbini!
On behalf of the Aruba Division on IVAO, we welcome you to our division!
As staff members, it is our goal to make sure you have a positive, memorable, and meaningful experience
here on IVAO when simulating real world aviation. Before you begin to study this manual, I must stress that
this is by no means a comprehensive manual. This manual has been created in order to assist the controller,
rather than provide a basis for training.
As a controller you MUST become familiar with the skills and knowledge such as, but not limited to,
Phraseology (the way we communicate over the radio), Air Law (what we are allowed and not allowed to do
as pilots and ATC), Separation (the way we keep other aircraft at safe distances during critical phases of
flight) and Service (the basic services that we provide to pilots as air traffic controllers).
Please do not feel defeated by this new challenge. The words that you will hear the most often on IVAO are
“We all started from the same place” and from real life controllers and pilots, “If only I had this tool before
beginning my career.” Once you become comfortable with at least some of the basic procedures, you will
undoubtedly become much more confident in participating on the network as well as having a much more
fulfilling and fun experience.
Once again, welcome to our network and see you in the tower!
About Aruba
Relative location : 19 miles north of the north coast of Venezuela, 42 miles west of the island of Curacao
Area
: 19.6 miles long - 6 miles across. Total of 77 square miles
Languages spoken: Dutch (official language)
Papiamento (native language)
English and Spanish are widely spoken
Time
: Atlantic Standard Time (Time zone offset is Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) -4 hours)
Aerodrome information
Elevation
: 60 feet/18 meters
Identifiers
: IATA: AUA
ICAO: TNCA
Main runway
: 11/29
Dimensions
: 9276 x 148 feet (2827 x 45 meters)
Instrument Approach capabilities: BEA-VOR/DME, IBE-ILS (N/A runway 29), RNAV (GPS)
Radio Beacons
: TVOR/DME Beatrix (BEA) – VOR/DME Aruba (ABA)
Main taxiway
: Taxiway G (runs parallel to the runway)
Apron
: Terminal and Control Tower are north of the field. General Aviation parking is
south of the field
Control Zone
: Classification: D (ICAO)
Within 25nm radius from Aerodrome Reference Point (ARP)
Up to FL 65
Traffic zone
: 3nm ARP, up to 2000 feet MSL. Classification B (ICAO). All Air Traffic Services (ATS)
are given in accordance to ICAO Rules & Regulations
Altimetry
Transition Altitude : 2500 feet MSL
Transition Level : FL 040
Prepared by Mike Pochettino
Edited by Hubert Croes, Aruba Training Coordinator (AW-TC)
Page 3
Queen Beatrix Intern
national Airport (TNCA)
Airport Diagram
The main platform (parking positionss 1 to 16) is mainly utilised for airline and cargo operations.
The General Aviation platform is located at the south side of the runway, near the Valero fuel farm.
Runways (Declared Distances)
Runway Heading
TORA
11
114
9196’ (2803m
m)
29
294
TORA
ASDA
TODA
LDA
EDA
9002' (2744m
m)
ASDA
9196’ (2803m)
TODA
9196’ (2803m)
LDA
8919' (271
19m)
Slope
+0.5
9002' (2744m)
9002' (2744m)
8919' (271
19m)
-0.5
l
of runway declared available and suitable for the
e ground run of an
Takeoff Run Available – The length
airplane taking off.
ailable – The length of the takeoff run available plus the
e length of the stop way, if
Accelerate-Stop Distance Ava
stop way is provided.
o the clearway, if
Takeoff Distance Available – The length of the takeoff run available plus the length of
earway length allowed must lie within the aerodrome orr airport boundary.
clearway is provided. (The cle
According to the Federal Avia
ation Regulations and Joint Aviation Requirements (JAR
R) TODA is the lesser of
TORA plus clearway or 1.5 tim
mes TORA).
uitable for the ground run
Landing Distance Available – The length of runway that is declared available and su
of an airplane landing.
Emergency Distance Available – LDA (or TORA) plus a stop way.
The Runway Safety Area is the
e cleared, smoothed and graded area around the paved runway. It is kept
free from any obstacles that mig
ght impede flight or ground roll of aircraft.
The Runway is the surface fro
om threshold to threshold, which typically features threshold markings,
numbers, centrelines, but not ovverrun areas at both ends.
Page 4
Blast pads, also known as ove
errun areas or stop ways, are often constructed just
j
before the start of a
runway where jet blast produced
d by large planes during the takeoff roll could otherwise erode the ground
and eventually damage the runway. Overrun areas are also constructed at the end of runways as
emergency space to slowly stop
p planes that overrun the runway on a landing gone
g
wrong, or to slowly
stop a plane on a rejected take
eoff or a take-off gone wrong. Blast pads are oftten not as strong as the
main paved surface of the runw
way and are marked with yellow chevrons. Planess are not allowed to taxi,
take-off or land on blast pads, exxcept in an emergency.
Displaced thresholds may be used for taxiing, takeoff, and landing rollout, but not for touchdown. A
displaced threshold often existss because obstacles just before the runway, runway strength, or noise
restrictions may make the beginning section of runway unsuitable for landings.. It is marked with white
paint arrows that lead up to the beginning of the landing portion of the runway.
Language
Controllers are required to be able to communicate in English as described in ICA
AO document DOC 9432
Manual of Radiotelephony.
Spanish is not a requirement, but iss strongly recommended (expect to receive a larg
ge amount of traffic from
South America, i.e. Venezuela and Colombia)
C
To Radar, or No To Radar?
In real life radar equipment is ava
ailable at TNCA. However, it is not being imple
emented due to lack of
government cooperation. As such, any
a online controller may elect to use Radar service or Procedural service
(non-radar) at your own liking (but please be consistent! Learn the difference
es between Radar and
onfuse the two while controlling).
Procedural operations and do not co
TNCA Low Altitude Enroute Chart (p
partial)
Page 5
Arrivals
c
will hand over aircraft to Beatrix Tow
wer on the discretion of
When TNCF_CTR is online, the controller
TNCF_CTR. As Beatrix Tower, you shall not force act any aircraft controlled by TNCF
F_CTR.
When TNCF_CTR is not active, yo
ou may request all aircraft entering the control zone
z
of Beatrix Tower to
contact you on 120.90 MHz.
Control Zone : Classificattion: D (ICAO)
Within 25n
nm radius from Aerodrome Reference Point (ARP
P)
Up to FL 65
6
All airways routes in our control zone
e lead to the ABA VOR. Therefore, expect most aircraft
a
to be flying to the
ABA VOR at the initial contact.
Visual approach
The weather on Aruba as a whole is usually above VMC conditions year round. Most pilots
p
will elect to perform
visual approaches. Aircraft shall fly to
t the ABA VOR and report with the island or fie
eld in sight. Then Beatrix
Tower can clear the aircraft for a visu
ual approach runway 11 or 29. Visual clearances are
a commonly including a
descent on pilot discretion to the cirrcuit altitude, however it is up the judgment of the
e controller to decide the
altitude he or she will clear the aircrafft.
“Aruba 701, … cleared for th
he visual approach runway 11, join and report in a left downwind, descent
to circuit altitude …”
Note: circuit altitude TNCA is 1500ft
Instrument approach
You may reroute arriving aircraft dirrect to the BEA VOR, especially when executing
g a published instrument
approach.
As TNCA_TWR it is compulsory to know
k
all published instrument procedures at TNCA:
ARC ILS approach
(run
nway 11)
VOR DME approach
(both runway 11 as well as runway 29)
VOR approach
ILS DME approach
RNAV (GPS) approach (both runway 11 as well as runway 29)
Page 6
RNAV (GPS) Approaches (STAR) TNCA
STAR RWY 11: RNAV (GPS) Rwy 11
Last Fix FP Heading
Dist
Fix
Heading
Dist
Fix
2500ft
Heading
Dist
Minimum Alt:
Fix
RWY
1700ft
APNUT
265
31.0
BOGVU
204
5.0
UKPID
114
GOSEM
RWY11
MOBAM
229
11.0
BOGVU
204
5.0
UKPID
114
GOSEM
RWY11
TETUM
169
16.2 -------------------------------------
OTVIR
114
GOSEM
RWY11
DATOR
043
4.1
EMBAP
024
5.0
UKPID
114
GOSEM
RWY11
NOREX
323
13.6
EMBAP
024
5.0
UKPID
114
GOSEM
RWY11
ITSEL
318
17.4
EMBAP
024
5.0
UKPID
114
GOSEM
RWY11
ADRIV
RWY11
Missed approach: Climb STRAIGHT AHEAD to 2500ft then LEFT turn direct to UKPID and hold, or as directed by ATC.
Avianca Colombia Airbus A320 landing at TNCA (Aruba). Photo by Hubert Croes
STAR RWY 29: RNAV (GPS) Rwy 29
Last Fix FP Heading
Dist
Fix
Heading
Dist
Fix
2500ft
Heading
Dist
Minimum Alt:
Fix
RWY
1700ft
APNUT
218
15.1
SIPDO
204
5.0
OTVIR
294
TATLO
RWY29
MOBAM
168
24.4
SIPDO
204
5.0
OTVIR
294
TATLO
RWY29
TETUM
128
33.9
SIPDO
204
5.0
OTVIR
294
TATLO
RWY29
DATOR
104
25.3
ERBUR
024
5.0
OTVIR
294
TATLO
RWY29
NOREX
084
13.5
ERBUR
024
5.0
OTVIR
294
TATLO
RWY29
ITSEL
070
10.7
ERBUR
024
5.0
OTVIR
294
TATLO
RWY29
ADRIV
296
13.3 -------------------------------------
OTVIR
294
TATLO
RWY29
Missed approach: Climb STRAIGHT AHEAD to 2500ft then RIGHT turn direct to OTVIR and hold, or as directed by ATC.
Page 7
Departures
Start up and pushback clearance
s
up with Beatrix Apron on 121.6 MHz 5 min
n prior to EOBT. Beatrix
All departing aircraft shall request start
Apron will issue start up clearance and
a pushback clearance to all aircraft. All aircrafft shall adhere to Beatrix
Apron instruction when transferred to Beatrix Tower for taxi clearance. In the event of radio communication
failure on 121.6 MHz or when Beattrix Apron is not active online, all aircraft shall contact Beatrix Tower on
120.9 MHz.
Upon receiving taxi clearance,
aircraft on the GA apron shall
proceed to holding point "K"
which is situated at the
eastern side of the south
platform near taxiway H;
aircraft on the GA apron is not
allowed to enter taxiway D, E,
F or H without any prior
clearance by Beatrix Tower.
IFR Clearances
When
Curacao
Control
(TNCF_CTR) is online, make
sure all IFR clearances from
TNCA are requested and sent
back by the TNCF_CTR
controller.
This does not mean departing
IFR aircraft must contact
TNCF_CTR for the clearance.
Photo by Alex McMahon (jetphotoss.net)
Simply – as TNCA_TWR send TNCF_CTR a private messag
ge via chat with the aircraft call sign and desttination and wait for the
response. In the mean time, you are allowed to give the IFR aircraft clearance to le
eave the gate and taxi to
the active runway, but aircraft mustt hold short of the runway and wait for the clearrance to be sent back to
you from TNCF_CTR in order to be cleared for departure.
IFR clearances are only given by Beatrix
B
Tower, usually while the aircraft is taxing
g or holding short of the
runway. Beatrix Apron shall not give
e any IFR clearance.
Clearance limit
IFR flights require an ATC clearancce for each part of the flight. A clearance alwayys specifies a clearance
limit, which is the farthest the aircrafft can fly without a new clearance.
As a controller, you may clear the pilot
p
to fly his/her entire route to the destination only to the extent of the
route in the Curacao FIR (the last fixx on the proposed route that is still in the Curacao
o FIR) – e.g.:
“Aruba 702, … cleared to Kiingston via UG442 to AMBIN …”
“Aruba 441, … cleared to Ju
uliana (St. Maarten) via direct position ACORA …”
For efficiency purposes, aircraft mayy be cleared to a certain fix not adhering to officia
al airways in the Curacao
FIR. For instance, traffic from TNC
CA to TNCM shall fly ABA A574 PJG 516 PJM
M. However, when traffic
allows, aircraft might be cleared frrom ABA direct to ACORA (which is a fix on the
t
airway A516 on the
boundary of the Curacao FIR). This is a shorter route saving approximately 5-10
0 minutes en-route time.
Please note that when TNCF_CTR is
i online, all direct clearances must be approved by TNCF_CTR.
Page 8
VFR
No “VFR clearance” exists. As a controller, you are solely in charge of the VFR aircraft until he/she leaves
your airspace. It is not required to coordinate local VFR flights as long as they remain in the control zone of
Beatrix Tower.
Control Zone : Classification: D (ICAO)
Within 25nm radius from Aerodrome Reference Point (ARP)
Up to FL 65
As Beatrix Tower, you only need to approve the departure of a VFR flight. The pilot shall announce his or her
intentions during the initial contact. As Beatrix Tower, you might restrict a VFR flight to a maximum altitude
and/or to a specific area. VFR aircraft must notify the controller of any new intention.
As a reminder you must study the various airspace classes and operations within them, e.g. VFR aircraft do
not need to be handed over to an area controller (such as Maiquetia Centre) if he/she is flying through Class
E airspace.
SVFR: A flight plan which consist of both a VFR and an IFR part. Although mostly performed by military
pilots, civilian pilots may also use such a flight plan. In this case, if the IFR portion of the flight begins within
the Beatrix control zone, then the IFR clearance must be given. On the other hand, if the VFR portion begins
within the Beatrix control zone, no clearance is required
VFR minimums
VFR flights are regulated in the “State Decree Air Navigation (Besluit Luchtverkeer, AB2008 No. 44)”. A
summary :
VMS Minimums:
Altitude
Class
Visibility Distance to clouds
FL100 and above
ABCDEFG
8 km
Below FL100 and above 900 m (3000 ft) AMSL, or
above 300 m (1000 ft) above terrain
At and below 900 m (3000 ft) at AMSL (QHN), or
300 m (1000 ft) above terrain
ABCDEFG
5 km
ABCDE
5 km
FG
5 km
1500 m horizontal
300 m vertical (1000 ft)
1500 m horizontal
1500 m horizontal
Free of clouds and visual
with terrain or water
VFR flights are only allowed between sunrise and sunset.
VFR flights are not allowed above FL200
VFR flights are not above rural, industrial, or harbour area
After take off
All departures shall cross the departure end before turning.
Turbine engine departures shall maintain runway heading until at least 6 DME BEA or 2500', whichever comes
first, before turning.
Special procedures for flights between Josefa Camejo Airport (SVJC) and Reina Beatrix International
(TNCA)
IFR traffic
Inbound aircraft below FL070 contact Beatrix Tower (TNCA_TWR) as soon as possible after departure
to obtain control zone entry clearance.
Outbound aircraft below FL070 shall be instructed by Beatrix Tower (TNCA_TWR) as soon as possible
after departure to obtain control zone entry clearance from Josefa Camejo Airport (SVJC) and report
back with Beatrix (TNCA) with the clearance.
VFR traffic
Contact Beatrix (TNCA) Approach 5 minutes prior to entering the Curaçao FIR.
Page 9
Controller Handoffs
Teamwork is an extremely important component
when controlling in any airspace. You should
make it a point to establish communication with
all active controllers within the FIR at all times in
order to plan new strategies and to direct traffic
much more efficiently Coordination with Beatrix
Apron (TNCA_GND).
The job of the Beatrix Apron is to coordinate
aircraft movement at the terminal area apron
only.
You must understand as the TWR controller
that Apron is not allowed to give any aircraft an
IFR clearance or taxi clearance. Pilots must
make an initial call-up to Beatrix Apron 5
minutes prior to the estimated start up and push back time (EOBT) from the gate. Beatrix Apron then coordinates the start-up and push back with TNCA_TWR. TWR on its turn co-ordinate with TNCF_CTR. When
TWR approve the start up, Beatrix Apron will communicate this to the pilot.
Once the pilot has cleared the gate area and is ready for taxi, Beatrix Apron should advise the pilot to
contact the TWR for further clearance.
When Curacao Approach (TNCC_APP) is online, you may hand off aircraft from TNCA to TNCC directly to
their controller once passing the 25nm boundary and below FL 65 (assuming if TNCF_CTR is also online)
Frequencies
Beatrix Tower/Approach
Beatrix Apron
ATIS
VOR/DME
Terminal VOR
IBE-ILS - RWY 11
RDF
Emergency (Guard freq.)
Search and Rescue (SAR)
120.900 Primary
121.600
132.100
112.500 ABA
113.800 BEA
108.700
1320 Ponton
1270 Crystal
121.500
123.100
118.000 Secondary
Dutch Antilles Express (DAE) ATR-42 landing at Aruba. Photo by Hubert Croes
Page 10
SSR (transponder) codes
Each digit shows figures from 0 to 7 only. In all from 0000 to 7777, 4096 codes are available.
1700-1777 for Domestic Use
2100-2177 for Domestic Use
3100-3177 for International Use
3300-3377 for International Use
2000 IFR (when no SSR code is given, set SSR to “2000” for an IFR flight)
1200 VFR (indiscreet VFR code in North America)
7000 VFR (indiscreet VFR code in Europe)
1776 for firefighting aircraft
1777 for VFR Search and Rescue flights within search areas *
7500 Hijack, this code is a part of the tutorial for informational purposes only. Although terrorism and war
exist in the real world we do not allow the simulation of any kind of aggression or armed violence on our
network
7600 Radio Failure, this code is not used very often on IVAO because we have both Text and Voice
communications. If you would like to simulate lost communication procedures, make sure to check with
your controller first.
7700 Emergency, this will be an indication on the controller's screen that your aircraft has experienced
an emergency.
Weather
Aruba lies in the path of the notoriously strong Trade Winds at the southern Caribbean. As a pilot and ATC,
you must be aware that it is not uncommon for there to be over 10-15kts of crosswind on a normal day.
The weather on Aruba as a whole is almost always above VMC conditions year round. The only times when
weather falls below minima is usually during weather phenomena such as hurricanes, tropical storms, heavy
rains and dust storms. Most of which are only common between the months of September through March. Most
pilots will elect to perform visual approaches, however it is both in your interest as ATC as well as for the pilot to
practice instrument approaches on a regular basis.
View form ythe
View from the Tower, TNCA, Aruba
Page 11
The Curacao FIR
As a controller at TNCA you are required to know the workings of the Curacao FIR, Curacao Centre
(TNCF_CTR) has begun using Radar service since November of 2006, however as a controller you may also
elect to use Procedural control
Airspace Class
Airspace Classes within the Curaçao FIR are as follows. Please refer to your en route charts for exact
location of these airspaces.
CURAÇAO FIR
127.10 E FL195 SURFACE
HATO TWR
118.30 C FL065 SURFACE
FLAMINGO TWR
118.70 D FL065 SURFACE
BEATRIX APP/TWR
120.90 D FL065 SURFACE
Notes:
CLASS G 2500AMSL/SURFACE
CLASS G WEST OF A LINE 16º00’N 71º40’W TO 13º37’N 73º00’W
CLASS E FROM FL195/2500AMSL.
CLASS D 2000AMSL/SFC.
Radio Frequencies
TNCF_CTR 127.100 Primary
TNCC_APP 119.600
TNCC_TWR
118.30
TNCB_TWR
118.70
124.100 Secondary
Airports (from west to east)
Aruba (TNCA)
Curacao (TNCC)
Bonaire (TNCB)
Bordering FIRs
Barranquilla FIR SKEC (Colombia)
Kingston FIR MKJK (Jamaica)
Port Au Prince FIR MTEG (Haiti)
Santo Domingo FIR MDSD (Dominican Republic)
San Juan FIR TJZS (Puerto Rico)
Piarco FIR TTZP (Windward Caribbean Islands)
Maiquetia FIR SVZM (Venezuela)
Altimeter Setting
Use QNE (Standard Altimeter Setting of 1013.2 hPa or 29.92 inches of mercury) above transition level at
all times.
Use QNH (Local Station Pressure) for take-off and climb until passing transition altitude.
Use QNH (Local Station Pressure) for descent and landing as soon as passing transition level.
Transition altitudes are shown on approach charts.
Airway System
The Curaçao FIR airway system is comprised of low and high airways.
The low airway system starts at FL040 and goes up to FL195.
The high airway system starts at FL195 and extends up to FL410. Above FL410 aircraft fly direct
between navaids or use another means of navigation LORAN, GPS, celestial, etc).
Low and high airways share the same route designator and high airways are differentiated from low
airways with the prefix letter “U”.
Almost all airways within the Curaçao FIR are bidirectional except:
G442 can only be flown eastbound from ABA VOR to ALCOT Intersection
G446 can only be flown eastbound from PJG VOR to REPIS Intersection
UG446 can only be flown eastbound from PJG VOR to REPIS Intersection
A315 can only be flown westbound from AVELO Intersection to PJG VOR
UA315 can only be flown westbound from AVELO Intersection to PJG VOR
Page 12
Annex 1: Routes Structure around ABA VOR (Aruba, AW)
Upper Routes and Radials to ABA VOR
Lower Routes and Radials to ABA VOR
Radial ABA VOR
008
052
116
139
204
221
263
313
319
Low Route
A567
G885
A574
G442
R568
A567
A574
N/A
G442
High Route
UA567
UG885
UA574
UG442
UR568
UA567
UA574
UL765
UG442
Intersection
MOBAM
APNUT
ADRIV
ALCOT
ITSEL
NOREX
DATOR
SENSO
TETUM
Page 13

Abridged Air Traffic Control Manual Queen Beatrix International Airport (TNCA) Page 1

Transcription

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