GeneClip™ U1 Hairpin Cloning Systems InstrucƟ ons for use of Products
Transcription
GeneClip™ U1 Hairpin Cloning Systems InstrucƟ ons for use of Products
TECHNICAL MANUAL GeneClip™ U1 Hairpin Cloning Systems InstrucƟons for use of Products C8750, C8760, C8770, C8780 and C8790 Revised 1/14 TM256 tm256.0114:EIVD_TM.qxd 1/28/2014 10:36 AM Page 1 GeneClip™ U1 Hairpin Cloning Systems All technical literature is available on the Internet at www.promega.com/protocols Please visit the web site to verify that you are using the most current version of this Technical Manual. Please contact Promega Technical Services if you have questions on use of this system. E-mail [email protected]. 1. Description..........................................................................................................2 2. Product Components and Storage Conditions ............................................5 3. Oligonucleotide Design ...................................................................................6 A. siRNA Hairpin Target Sequence Selection.......................................................6 B. GeneClip™ Hairpin Oligonucleotide Design ..................................................6 4. Cloning a Hairpin Insert into the pGeneClip™ Vectors...........................8 A. Oligonucleotide Dilution and Annealing .........................................................8 B. Ligation of a Hairpin Insert into the pGeneClip™ Vectors ..........................8 C. Transformation of E. coli with pGeneClip™ Vectors Containing Inserts...........................................................10 D. Purifying Recombinant Plasmid DNA............................................................12 E. Screening for Inserts Using PstI Digestion.....................................................12 5. Transfection of pGeneClip™ Vector Constructs in an siRNA Suppression Assay...................................................................13 A. Transient Transfection of the pGeneClip™ Vector Constructs ..................13 B. Stable Transfection of the pGeneClip™ Puromycin, Hygromycin and Neomycin Vector Constructs ......................14 C. Quantitating siRNA Target Gene Suppression .............................................15 6. Troubleshooting...............................................................................................16 7. References .........................................................................................................17 8. Appendix ...........................................................................................................19 A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. pGeneClip™ Vector Maps and Sequence Reference Points ........................19 pGeneClip™ Basic Vector Restriction Enzyme Sites ....................................24 pGeneClip™ Puromycin Vector Restriction Enzyme Sites .........................26 pGeneClip™ Hygromycin Vector Restriction Enzyme Sites.......................28 pGeneClip™ Neomycin Vector Restriction Enzyme Sites...........................30 pGeneClip™ hMGFP Vector Restriction Enzyme Sites ...............................32 Composition of Buffers and Solutions ............................................................34 Related Products.................................................................................................34 Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · Phone 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 · www.promega.com Printed in USA. Revised 1/14 Part# TM256 Page 1 tm256.0114:EIVD_TM.qxd 1. 1/28/2014 10:36 AM Page 2 Description RNA interference (RNAi), a phenomenon in which double-stranded RNA suppresses expression of a target protein by stimulating specific degradation of the target mRNA, provides a powerful genetic tool for selectively silencing gene expression in many eukaryotes (1–6). In mammalian systems, short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are the main effectors of the RNAi process (7,8). The sequence-specific RNAi effect can be observed by introduction of siRNAs into cells either via transfection or by endogenous expression of 21–23 base transcripts (8–10). In vivo expression of siRNAs can be effectively achieved by generating DNA vectors containing a U1 RNA polymerase promoter, a template for transcription of an siRNA and a transcription terminator sequence, then transfecting these into eukaryotic cells. In cells, RNA polymerase II normally recognizes the U1 promoter to transcribe small nuclear RNAs. The U1 promoter has been used successfully to generate siRNAs in mammalian cells (11). GeneClip™ U1 Hairpin Cloning Systems In the GeneClip™ U1 Hairpin Cloning Systems, siRNAs are expressed as foldback stem-loop structures that are transcribed from the U1 promoter. The GeneClip™ U1 Hairpin Cloning Systems include linearized plasmids (pGeneClip™ Vectors) designed for easy and fast cloning of hairpin target sequences to allow expression of siRNA target sequences in human cells. The pGeneClip™ Vectors contain the human U1 promoter, which allows transcription of the hairpin target sequences and generation of hairpin siRNA in vivo. The GeneClip™ U1 Hairpin Cloning System—Basic is intended for transient suppression of the gene of interest. The GeneClip™ U1 Hairpin Cloning System—hMGFP enables easy determination of transfection efficiency and allows selection of transfected cells by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS®; 12–14). The other GeneClip™ U1 Hairpin Cloning Systems offer antibiotic marker options (neomycin, hygromycin or puromycin) for selecting stably transfected eukaryotic cells so that experimental results do not depend on transfection efficiency. Hairpin Insert Two DNA oligonucleotides, supplied by the user, are synthesized and annealed to form a DNA insert that contains the hairpin siRNA target sequence. Upon annealing, the oligonucleotides form ends that are compatible with the ends of the linearized pGeneClip™ Vector and facilitate a “sticky end” ligation (Figure 1). All of the pGeneClip™ Vectors contain the Ampr gene, which confers resistance to ampicillin and allows selection in E. coli. Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · Phone 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 · www.promega.com Part# TM256 Page 2 Printed in USA. Revised 1/14 tm256.0114:EIVD_TM.qxd 1/28/2014 10:36 AM Page 3 Screening for Successful Ligation The GeneClip™ U1 Hairpin Cloning Systems are designed to allow easy determination of successful ligation. Successful ligation of the annealed oligonucleotides and the vector results in creation of a second PstI restriction site in addition to the PstI site already present in the pGeneClip™ Vectors. The presence of an insert can be confirmed by PstI digestion; clones containing an insert will produce two bands on an agarose gel. Features More Vector Choices: These systems provide vectors containing a variety of eukaryotic, antibiotic-selectable markers for stable transfection, or hMGFP for determination of transfection efficiency and selection of transfected cells by FACS® analysis. Time Savings: Vectors are supplied predigested to eliminate time-consuming vector preparation. Convenience: The system includes T4 DNA Ligase, 2X Rapid Ligation Buffer, Nuclease-Free Water and Oligo Annealing Buffer in addition to the pGeneClip™ Vector. Easier Identification of Desired Clones: A PstI digestion quickly identifies positive recombinants. Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · Phone 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 · www.promega.com Printed in USA. Revised 1/14 Part# TM256 Page 3 tm256.0114:EIVD_TM.qxd 1/28/2014 10:36 AM Page 4 Annealed Hairpin Oligonucleotides 5´ TCTC 3´ CT 3´ GACGTC 5´ U1 Promoter AG GCA G AG pGeneClip™ Vector PstI Ligation T AG C U1 Promoter TC G A New PstI site CTGC A GACG G TC Hairpin oligonucleotides ligated into the pGeneClip™ Vector Screening for inserts by PstI digestion 4714MA PstI Figure 1. Overview of the GeneClip™ U1 Hairpin Cloning System protocol. Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · Phone 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 · www.promega.com Part# TM256 Page 4 Printed in USA. Revised 1/14 tm256.0114:EIVD_TM.qxd 2. 1/28/2014 10:36 AM Page 5 Product Components and Storage Conditions Product GeneClip™ U1 Hairpin Cloning System—Basic(a,b,c) Each system contains sufficient reagents for 20 ligation reactions. • 200µl 2X Rapid Ligation Buffer • 100 units T4 DNA Ligase • 1.2µg pGeneClip™ Basic Vector, 50µg/ml • 1ml Oligo Annealing Buffer • 1.25ml Nuclease-Free Water Cat.# C8750 Product GeneClip™ U1 Hairpin Cloning System—Puromycin(a,b,c) Each system contains sufficient reagents for 20 ligation reactions. • 200µl 2X Rapid Ligation Buffer • 100 units T4 DNA Ligase • 1.2µg pGeneClip™ Puromycin Vector, 50µg/ml • 1ml Oligo Annealing Buffer • 1.25ml Nuclease-Free Water Cat.# C8760 Product GeneClip™ U1 Hairpin Cloning System—Hygromycin(a,b,c) Each system contains sufficient reagents for 20 ligation reactions. • 200µl 2X Rapid Ligation Buffer • 100 units T4 DNA Ligase • 1.2µg pGeneClip™ Hygromycin Vector, 50µg/ml • 1ml Oligo Annealing Buffer • 1.25ml Nuclease-Free Water Cat.# C8770 Product GeneClip™ U1 Hairpin Cloning System—Neomycin(a,b,c) Each system contains sufficient reagents for 20 ligation reactions. • 200µl 2X Rapid Ligation Buffer • 100 units T4 DNA Ligase • 1.2µg pGeneClip™ Neomycin Vector, 50µg/ml • 1ml Oligo Annealing Buffer • 1.25ml Nuclease-Free Water Cat.# C8780 Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · Phone 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 · www.promega.com Printed in USA. Revised 1/14 Part# TM256 Page 5 tm256.0114:EIVD_TM.qxd 1/28/2014 10:36 AM Page 6 Product GeneClip™ U1 Hairpin Cloning System—hMGFP(a,b,d–f) Each system contains sufficient reagents for 20 ligation reactions. • 200µl 2X Rapid Ligation Buffer • 100 units T4 DNA Ligase • 1.2µg pGeneClip™ hMGFP Vector, 50µg/ml • 1ml Oligo Annealing Buffer • 1.25ml Nuclease-Free Water Cat.# C8790 Storage Conditions: Store at –20°C. 3. Oligonucleotide Design 3.A. siRNA Hairpin Target Sequence Selection Choose a 19–23 nucleotide target sequence that starts with a "G" from the coding sequence of the gene of interest. General guidelines for target sequence selection are continuously being developed (15,16). Although the existing rules for siRNA selection serve as a reliable guide, they do not ensure that each selected siRNA sequence will reduce gene expression, and the optimal target sequence may have to be determined experimentally (17). ! As a negative control for RNA interference, use a nonspecific target sequence or a scrambled sequence. 3.B. GeneClip™ Hairpin Oligonucleotide Design The GeneClip™ U1 Hairpin Cloning Systems are designed to allow easy and fast detection of successful hairpin insertion. Two hairpin oligonucleotides (oligonucleotides A and B, supplied by the user) are annealed to form a double-stranded DNA fragment for ligation into the pGeneClip™ Vectors. (Figures 1 and 4). The hairpin oligonucleotides used in these systems are under 60bp in length. Since detection of a 60bp insert is difficult using an agarose gel, we have devised a method to allow detection of inserts by PstI digestion. The pGeneClip™ Vectors contain a single PstI site. Insertion of the hairpin oligonucleotides creates a second PstI site, and digestion with PstI will yield two DNA fragments in the presence of an insert. PstI digestion of pGeneClip™ Vectors that do not contain insert will result in linearization of the vector (see Section 4.E). Note: Two hairpin oligonucleotides must be ordered for each sequence tested. Standard desalting of the oligonucleotides is required prior to use; gel purification and 5´ phosphorylation are not required. Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · Phone 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 · www.promega.com Part# TM256 Page 6 Printed in USA. Revised 1/14 tm256.0114:EIVD_TM.qxd 1/28/2014 10:36 AM Page 7 Oligonucleotide A Oligonucleotide A forms the template strand for cellular RNA polymerase II and should contain the following elements: • Overhang sequence. This four-nucleotide sequence (TCTC) is complementary to the overhang of the pGeneClip™ Vectors and completes the U1 promotor sequence. • Hairpin sequence. Includes: Target sequence. See Section 3.A. This sequence, in conjunction with its reverse complement, forms the double-stranded portion of the cellular siRNA hairpin. Loop sequence. This sequence provides flexibility for RNA hairpin formation within the cell. We have tested two different loop sequences (CTTCCTGTCA and AAGTTCTCT) in our system and observed comparable suppression levels with each. Other loop sequences reported in the literature have not been tested (18). Target sequence reverse complement. This sequence, in conjunction with the target sequence, forms the double-stranded portion of the cellular RNA hairpin. • Additional CT residues. The additional CT residues are required for the formation of the second PstI site upon ligation of the insert. These two nucleotides also form the 3´ overhang required for successful siRNAs. Hairpin Sequence Loop Reverse Complement 4711MA Target 5´ TCTC CT 3´ Figure 2. Structure of oligonucleotide A. Oligonucleotide B Oligonucleotide B has regions that are complementary to oligonucleotide A, with additional sequences for ligation into the pGeneClip™ Vectors. Oligonucleotide B should contain the following elements: • Hairpin sequence complement. This sequence is complementary to, and in the opposite orientation from, the hairpin sequence of oligonucleotide A. Hairpin Sequence Complement 3´ GACGTC 5´ 4712MA • Overhang sequence. This sequence (GACGTC) is complementary to the pGeneClip™ Vector overhang and contains an additional nucleotide to form a PstI site upon successful ligation. This newly generated PstI site allows easy detection of clones with inserts. Figure 3. Structure of oligonucleotide B. Note that the sequence is represented in the 3´ to 5´ orientation. Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · Phone 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 · www.promega.com Printed in USA. Revised 1/14 Part# TM256 Page 7 tm256.0114:EIVD_TM.qxd 1/28/2014 10:36 AM Page 8 An example of hairpin oligonucleotide sequences using the 19-nucleotide target mRNA sequence, 5´ ggccuuucacuacuccuac 3´, is shown in Figure 4. Each oligonucleotide in this example is 57 nucleotides in length. 4. Cloning a Hairpin Insert into the pGeneClip™ Vectors Materials to Be Supplied by the User (Solution compositions are provided in Section 8.G) • oligonucleotide A (see Section 3) • oligonucleotide B (see Section 3) • high-efficiency competent cells (‡1 × 108cfu/µg) • 1.5ml polypropylene microcentrifuge tubes or 17 × 100mm polypropylene tubes (Falcon Cat.# 2059) • LB plates with ampicillin • SOC medium 4.A. Oligonucleotide Dilution and Annealing 1. Dilute oligonucleotide A and oligonucleotide B in TE buffer or NucleaseFree Water to a final concentration of 1µg/µl. 2. Assemble the annealing reaction as described below. oligonucleotide A (1µg/µl) oligonucleotide B (1µg/µl) Oligo Annealing Buffer Total volume 2µl 2µl 46µl 50µl The final concentration of each hairpin oligonucleotide is 40ng/µl. 3. Heat the annealing reaction at 90°C for 3 minutes. 4. Transfer to a 37°C water bath and incubate for 15 minutes. 5. The annealed hairpin oligonucleotides can be used immediately or stored at –20°C for up to one month. If the annealed oligonucleotides are stored at –20°C, thaw them at room temperature prior to use. Avoid thawing the annealed oligonucleotides at temperatures above room temperature. 4.B. Ligation of a Hairpin Insert into the pGeneClip™ Vectors The pGeneClip™ Vectors are provided as linearized vectors. No manipulation of the vectors is required prior to ligation. 1. Dilute the annealed hairpin oligonucleotides from Section 4.A, Step 5, just prior to assembling the ligation reaction as described below. Note: Do not store the diluted oligonucleotides. annealed hairpin oligonucleotides Nuclease-Free Water Total volume 5µl 45µl 50µl The final concentration of each oligonucleotide is 4ng/µl. Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · Phone 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 · www.promega.com Part# TM256 Page 8 Printed in USA. Revised 1/14 Printed in USA. Revised 1/14 Target Sequence Loop Target Reverse Complement Target Sequence Loop Target Reverse Complement Pst I* Figure 4. Example of hairpin oligonucleotide sequences. *New Pst I site is generated to allow easy identification of positive clones. Vector TCTCggcctttcactactcctacCTTCCTGTCAgtaggagtagtgaaaggccctGCAG AGAGccggaaagtgatgaggatgGAAGGACAGTcatcctcatcactttccgggaCGTC U1 Promoter Transcription Start Site Vector 10:36 AM Hairpin Oligonucleotide Inserted into the pGeneClip™ Vector 1/28/2014 Overhang 3´ Oligonucleotide A 5´ TCTCggcctttcactactcctacCTTCCTGTCAgtaggagtagtgaaaggccct Oligonucleotide B 3´ ccggaaagtgatgaggatgGAAGGACAGTcatcctcatcactttccgggaCGTC 5´ Overhang Hairpin Oligonucleotide Sequence: Target mRNA sequence: 5´ggccuuucacuacuccuac 3´ tm256.0114:EIVD_TM.qxd Page 9 Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · Phone 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 · www.promega.com Part# TM256 Page 9 4713MA tm256.0114:EIVD_TM.qxd 1/28/2014 10:36 AM Page 10 2. Assemble the ligation reactions as described below. See Notes a and b. Negative Control Standard (Minus Insert) Reaction 2X Rapid Ligation Buffer 5µl 5µl pGeneClip™ Vector (50ng/µl) 1µl 1µl annealed oligonucleotides A and B (4ng/µl each) – 1µl Nuclease-Free Water 3µl 2µl T4 DNA Ligase (3 units/µl) 1µl 1µl Total volume 10µl 10µl Notes: a. The 2X Rapid Ligation Buffer contains ATP, which degrades during temperature fluctuations. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles and exposure to frequent temperature changes by making single-use aliquots of the buffer after the buffer is thawed for the first time. Store the aliquots at –20°C. b. Vortex the 2X Rapid Ligation Buffer before each use. 3. Mix the reactions by pipetting. Incubate the reactions at room temperature for 5 minutes. Alternatively, the reactions can be incubated for 1 hour at room temperature or overnight at 4°C. 4.C. Transformation of E. coli with pGeneClip™ Vectors Containing Inserts The ligation of fragments with a hairpin can be inefficient, so it is essential to use competent cells with a transformation efficiency of ‡1 × 108cfu/µg DNA in order to obtain a reasonable number of colonies. Transformation efficiency can be confirmed by performing a control transformation reaction using a known quantity of supercoiled plasmid DNA, typically 0.1ng, then calculating the number of colony forming units per microgram of DNA. We recommend using high-efficiency JM109 Competent Cells (Cat.# L2001). Other host strains, such as DH5α™, may be used. If you are using competent cells other than JM109 Competent Cells purchased from Promega, be sure to follow the appropriate transformation protocol. Select transformants on LB/ampicillin plates. For best results, do not use plates that are more than 1 month old. Note: The use of plates containing IPTG and X-gal is not recommended. Vectors containing insert may produce blue colonies. Therefore, blue/white screening is not appropriate. 1. Prepare two LB/ampicillin plates for each ligation reaction and control transformation. Equilibrate the plates to room temperature prior to plating cells. 2. Remove the frozen, high-efficiency Competent Cells from –70°C storage and place in an ice bath until just thawed (about 5 minutes). Mix the cells by gently flicking the tube. Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · Phone 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 · www.promega.com Part# TM256 Page 10 Printed in USA. Revised 1/14 tm256.0114:EIVD_TM.qxd 1/28/2014 10:36 AM Page 11 3. For each ligation reaction and each transformation control, carefully transfer 50µl of cells into a sterile 1.5ml microcentrifuge tube on ice. Note: In our experience, using larger (17 × 100mm) polypropylene tubes (e.g., Falcon Cat.# 2059) increases transformation efficiency. Tubes from some manufacturers bind DNA, thereby decreasing the colony number, and should be avoided. 4. Briefly centrifuge the tubes containing the ligation reactions to collect contents at the bottom of the tube. Add 2µl of each ligation reaction to a tube prepared in Step 3. To perform a transformation control, add 0.1ng of supercoiled plasmid DNA to one of the tubes prepared in Step 3. Note: The pGeneClip™ Vectors are supplied linearized and are not appropriate as a transformation control. 5. Gently flick the tubes to mix and place them on ice for 20 minutes. 6. Heat-shock the cells for 45–50 seconds in a water bath at 42°C. Do not shake. 7. Immediately return the tubes to ice for 2 minutes. 8. Add 950µl of room-temperature SOC medium to each tube. LB broth may be substituted, but the number of colonies may be lower. 9. Incubate the tubes at 37°C with shaking (approximately 150rpm) for 1.5 hours. 10. Plate 50µl of each transformation onto duplicate LB/ampicillin plates. If a higher number of colonies is desired, pellet the cells by centrifugation at 1,000 × g for 10 minutes, resuspend the cells in 200µl of SOC medium and plate 50µl of cells on each of 2 plates. 11. Incubate the plates overnight (16–24 hours) at 37°C. In our experience, at least 100 colonies per plate are routinely seen when using competent cells that are 1 × 108cfu/µg DNA if 50µl is plated. Notes: 1. The negative control ligation reaction allows determination of the number of background colonies resulting from the GeneClip™ Vector alone. A successful ligation reaction with insert typically yields at least 50 times more colonies than the negative control ligation reaction. The efficiency of ligation will depend upon the hairpin oligonucleotide sequence. 2. The transformation efficiency of the competent cells can be determined using the following equation: Equation for Transformation Efficiency (cfu/µg) colonies on control plate ng of supercoiled plasmid DNA plated × 1 × 103ng µg Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · Phone 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 · www.promega.com Printed in USA. Revised 1/14 Part# TM256 Page 11 tm256.0114:EIVD_TM.qxd 1/28/2014 10:36 AM Page 12 4.D. Purifying Recombinant Plasmid DNA A standard plasmid miniprep procedure can be used for screening of inserts. The miniprep process can be both laborious and time-consuming, particularly when large numbers of minipreps are required. A convenient and reliable method is the Wizard® Plus SV Minipreps DNA Purification System (Cat.# A1330). Plasmid purification protocols that reduce the amount of endotoxin in the DNA preparation are preferred to minimize the toxic effects of endotoxins on the cells during transfection. 4.E. Screening for Inserts Using PstI Digestion The pGeneClip™ Vectors contain a single PstI site. A second PstI site is created upon insertion of the hairpin oligonucleotides, and digestion with the restriction enzyme PstI will yield two DNA fragments. PstI digestion of pGeneClip™ Vectors that do not contain insert will result in linearization of the vector (see Table 1). Table 1. Sizes of PstI DNA Fragments Produced by Digestion of the pGeneClip™ Vectors in the Absence and Presence of an Insert. Vector pGeneClip™ Basic Vector pGeneClip™ Puromycin Vector pGeneClip™ Hygromycin Vector pGeneClip™ Neomycin Vector pGeneClip™ hMGFP Vector PstI Fragments of Vector Without Insert 3,402bp 4,561bp 4,989bp 4,758bp 5,267bp PstI Fragments of Vector With Insert1 2,461bp + 991bp 3,209bp + 1,402bp 3,892bp + 1,147bp 3,817bp + 991bp 4,120bp + 1,197bp 1The size of the larger PstI fragment may vary with the size of the hairpin oligonucleotide insert. The fragments sizes given here were determined using annealed hairpin oligonucleotides with a double-stranded region of 50bp. Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · Phone 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 · www.promega.com Part# TM256 Page 12 Printed in USA. Revised 1/14 tm256.0114:EIVD_TM.qxd 5. 1/28/2014 10:36 AM Page 13 Transfection of pGeneClip™ Vector Constructs in an siRNA Suppression Assay Once the annealed hairpin oligonucleotides are ligated to the appropriate pGeneClip™ Vector, the resulting constructs can be used for transient expression or for stable transfection. pGeneClip™ Vectors that contain a selectable marker (pGeneClip™ Neomycin, Hygromycin or Puromycin Vectors) can be used for stable expression of a pool of cells or individual clones. Transfection of DNA into human cells may be mediated by cationic lipids, calcium phosphate, DEAE-Dextran, polybrene-DMSO or electroporation. 5.A. Transient Transfection of the pGeneClip™ Vector Constructs High transfection efficiency is essential for achieving substantial suppression levels using a transient transfection approach. Prior to testing the inhibition, optimize the transfection conditions for maximum efficiency in the system to be tested (see below). The optimal conditions will vary with cell type, transfection method used and the amount of DNA. When using the pGeneClip™ Basic, Puromycin, Hygromycin or Neomycin Vectors, optimization can be performed using a GFP reporter such as the Monster Green® Fluorescent Protein phMGFP Vector (Cat.# E6421). The pGeneClip™ hMGFP Vector already contains the GFP reporter. The GFP reporter can also be used to determine transfection efficiency for the assay. To test the effectiveness of the pGeneClip™ Vector constructs (screening various sequences for levels of inhibition), the use of a reporter, such as GFP, is highly recommended. This control can be performed as a separate transfection to determine the percentage of the cell population transfected or as a cotransfection where flow cytometry can be used to sort GFP-positive cells. The level of target RNA suppression in transfected cells can then be determined by taking the transfection efficiency into account. Obtaining maximum suppression requires optimizing specific assay conditions. We have observed variations in suppression efficiency as a result of the cell line, cell culture conditions, target sequence and transfection conditions. Varying the amount of transfection reagent, amount of DNA and cell density can influence transfection efficiency. Obtaining the highest transfection efficiency with low toxicity is essential for maximizing the siRNA interference (suppression) effect in a transient assay. Additionally, maintaining healthy cell cultures is essential for this application. The key considerations are discussed more fully below. Cell Density (Confluence) at Transfection The recommended cell density for most cell types at transfection is approximately 30–50%; this level is lower than standard transfection experiments where cells are plated at 50–70% confluency. The optimal cell density should be determined for each cell type. Maintaining a dividing cell culture is essential because effective gene suppression requires proliferating cells. Continued proliferation and the need to passage cells should be considered when determining the number of cells to plate. Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · Phone 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 · www.promega.com Printed in USA. Revised 1/14 Part# TM256 Page 13 tm256.0114:EIVD_TM.qxd 1/28/2014 10:36 AM Page 14 Cell Proliferation Successful suppression of gene expression requires actively proliferating and dividing cells, so maintaining healthy cell cultures is essential for this application. It is essential to minimize the decrease in cell growth associated with nonspecific transfection effects and to maintain cell culture under subconfluent conditions to assure rapid cell division. We recommend using the CellTiter-Glo® Luminescent Cell Viability Assay (Cat.# G7570) to monitor cell viability and growth. Time The optimal time after transfection for analyzing interference effects must be determined empirically by testing a range of incubation times. Typically little inhibition is seen after 24 hours, but the maximal suppression time can vary from 48 to 96 hours depending on the cells used and the experimental targets tested. 5.B. Stable Transfection of the pGeneClip™ Puromycin, Hygromycin and Neomycin Vector Constructs Note: The pGeneClip™ Basic and hMGFP Vectors are not suitable for stable transfection. For stable expression, antibiotic selection must be applied following transfection. Cell lines vary in the level of resistance to antibiotics, so the level of resistance of a particular cell line must be tested before attempting stable selection of the cells. A “kill curve” will determine the minimum concentration of the antibiotic needed to kill nontransfected cells. The antibiotic concentration for selection will vary depending on the cell type and the growth rate. In addition, cells that are confluent are more resistant to antibiotics, so it is important to keep the cells subconfluent. The typical effective ranges and lengths of time needed for selection are given in Table 2. Table 2. Typical Conditions for Selection of Stable Transfectants. pGeneClip™ Vector pGeneClip™ Puromycin Vector pGeneClip™ Hygromycin Vector pGeneClip™ Neomycin Vector Effective Antibiotic Concentration Puromycin 1–10µg/ml Hygromycin 100–1,000µg/ml G-418 100–1,000µg/ml Time Needed For Selection 2–7 days 3–10 days 3–14 days For example, to generate a kill curve for G-418 selection, test G-418 concentrations of 0, 100, 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1,000µg/ml in the media to determine the concentration that is toxic to nontransfected cells. The miminum concentration of antibiotic that kills 100% of the cells should be used in subsequent experiments. Once the effective concentration of antibiotic has been determined, transfected cells can be selected for resistance. Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · Phone 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 · www.promega.com Part# TM256 Page 14 Printed in USA. Revised 1/14 tm256.0114:EIVD_TM.qxd 1/28/2014 10:36 AM Page 15 1. Following transfection, seed the cells at a low cell density. 2. Apply antibiotic to the medium at the effective concentration determined from the kill curve. 3. Prepare a control plate for all selection experiments by treating nontransfected cells with antibiotic in medium under the experimental conditions. This control plate will confirm whether the conditions of antibiotic selection were sufficiently stringent to eliminate cells not expressing the resistance gene. 4. Change the medium every 2–3 days until drug-resistant clones appear. 5. Once clones (or pools of cells) are selected, grow the cells in media containing the antibiotic at a reduced antibiotic concentration, typically 25–50% of the level used during selection. 5.C. Quantitating siRNA Target Gene Suppression Reduction of the targeted gene expression can be measured by 1) monitoring phenotypic changes of the cell, 2) measuring changes in mRNA levels (e.g., using RT-PCR), or 3) detecting changes in protein level by immunocytochemistry or Western blot analysis (19–22). The suppression effect will vary depending on the target, cell line and experimental conditions. Controlling for nonspecific effects on other targets is very important. As a negative control, cells can be transfected with either a nonspecific or scrambled target sequence. This will show that suppression of gene expression is specific to the expression of the hairpin siRNA target sequences. When suppression is determined by Western analysis, positive controls for other genes (e.g., tubulin or actin) should be included. Additional details can be found in reference 23. Using the GeneClip™ hMGFP Vector, expression of hMGFP allows normalization of target gene suppression to transfection efficiency. Alternatively, the suppressive effects can be analyzed only in transfected cells by separating those cells by FACS® analysis or by analyzing target gene suppression at the individual cell level. Peak excitation of hMGFP occurs at 505nm, with a shoulder at 480nm, and peak emission occurs at 515nm. hMGFP expression can be monitored by fluorescence microscopy using an excitation filter of 470±20nm (470/40nm) and an emission filter of 515nm (long pass). The psiCHECK™-1 and -2 Vectors (Cat.# C8011, C8021) can also be used to measure target gene suppression. These Vectors enable the monitoring of changes in expression of a target gene fused to a reporter, Renilla luciferase, gene. In these vectors, the gene of interest is cloned into the multiple cloning region located downstream of the Renilla translational stop codon. Initiation of the RNAi process towards a gene of interest results in cleavage and subsequent degradation of the fusion mRNA. Measurement of decreased Renilla luciferase activity is a convenient indicator of RNAi effect (24). Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · Phone 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 · www.promega.com Printed in USA. Revised 1/14 Part# TM256 Page 15 tm256.0114:EIVD_TM.qxd 6. 1/28/2014 10:36 AM Page 16 Troubleshooting Symptoms Causes and Comments Low number or no colonies Ligation reaction failed. Ligation reactions with insert typically yield at least 50 times more colonies than negative control reactions. If the number of colonies is the same as the negative control, this indicates a problem with the insert or the ligation reaction. The 2X Rapid Ligation Buffer contains ATP, which degrades during temperature fluctuations. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles by making single-use aliquots of the buffer. Use a fresh vial of buffer. Incorrect oligonucleotide sequences. Oligonucleotide A must have an overhang of TCTC, and oligonucleotide B must have an overhang of CGTC. See Figure 4. Improper dilution of the 2X Rapid Ligation Buffer. The Rapid Ligation Buffer is provided at a 2X concentration. Use 5µl in a 10µl reaction. Ineffective transformation or poor-quality competent cells. Perform a control transformation with supercoiled plasmid DNA to ensure that the efficiency of the competent cells is ‡1 × 108cfu/µg DNA (see Section 4.C). The pGeneClip™ Vectors are supplied linearized and are not appropriate as transformation controls. Oligonucleotides failed to anneal. Confirm oligonucleotide sequences. Repeat annealing step and use annealed oligonucleotides immediately. Insert not present in pGeneClip™ Vector Poor-quality oligonucleotides. Try HPLCpurified or gel-purified oligonucleotides. Ligation reaction failed. Ligation reactions with insert typically yield at least 50 times more colonies than negative control reactions. If the number of colonies is the same as the negative control, this indicates a problem with the insert or the ligation reaction. The 2X Rapid Ligation Buffer contains ATP, which degrades during temperature fluctuations. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles by making single-use aliquots of the buffer. Use a fresh vial of buffer. Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · Phone 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 · www.promega.com Part# TM256 Page 16 Printed in USA. Revised 1/14 tm256.0114:EIVD_TM.qxd 1/28/2014 10:36 AM Page 17 Symptoms Causes and Comments Insert not present in pGeneClip™ Vector (continued) Incorrect oligonucleotide sequences. Oligonucleotide A must have an overhang of TCTC, and oligonucleotide B must have an overhang of CGTC. See Figure 4. No suppression or low-level suppression of target gene Ineffective siRNA target sequence. Test at least 3–6 target sequences for each mRNA to identify the sequences that result in the highest level of suppression. Time point not optimal. Assay cells at several time points within 2–6 days after transfection to determine the peak effect. Low transfection efficiency. Use a GFP vector, such as the Monster Green® Fluorescent Protein phMGFP Vector (Cat.# E6421), to determine transfection efficiency. If the efficiency is low, optimize transfection conditions, as described in Section 5. Inadequate detection. If reduction of the targeted gene is analyzed by immunocytochemistry or Western blot, check for antibody specificity. Include controls (e.g., actin or tubulin) in your analysis (20). Cell growth or viability affected by specific target sequence. Transfection of the vector may affect cell proliferation when compared to nontransfected cells. We recommend monitoring cell viability and growth to account for any changes in cell number during the suppression assay. 7. References 1. Bass, B.L. (2000) Double-stranded RNA as a template for gene silencing. Cell 101, 235–8. 2. Zamore, P.D. (2001) RNA interference: Listening to the sound of silence. Nat. Struct. Biol. 8, 746–50. 3. Sharp, P.A. (2001) RNA interference–2001. Genes Dev. 15, 485–90. 4. Hutvagger, G. and Zamore, P.D. (2002) RNAi: Nature abhors a double strand. Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev. 12, 225–32. 5. Dykxhoorn, D.M., Novina, C.D. and Sharp, P.A. (2003) Killing the messenger: Short RNAs that silence gene expression. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 4, 457–67. 6. Denli, A.M. and Hannon, G.J. (2003) RNAi: An ever-growing puzzle. Trends Biochem. Sci. 28, 196–201. Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · Phone 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 · www.promega.com Printed in USA. Revised 1/14 Part# TM256 Page 17 tm256.0114:EIVD_TM.qxd 7. 1/28/2014 10:36 AM Page 18 References (continued) 7. Elbashir, S.M., Lendeckel, W. and Tuschl, T. (2001) RNA interference is mediated by 21- and 22-nucleotide RNAs. Genes Dev. 15, 188–200. 8. Yu, J-Y. et al. (2002) RNA interference by expression of short-interfering RNA and hairpin RNAs in mammalian cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99, 6047–52. 9. Sui, G. et al. (2002) A DNA vector-based RNAi technology to suppress gene expression in mammalian cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99, 5515–20. 10. Brummelkamp, T.R., Bernards, R. and Agami, R. (2002) A system for stable expression of short interfering RNAs in mammalian cells. Science 296, 550–3. 11. Novarino, G. et al. (2004) Involvement of the intracellular ion channel CLIC1 in microglia-mediated b-amyloid-induced neurotoxicity. J. Neurosci. 24, 5322–30. 12. Cormack, B.P., Valdivia, R.H. and Falkow, S. (1996) FACS-optimized mutants of the green fluorescent protein (GFP). Gene 173, 33–8. 13. Sorensen, T.U. et al. (1999) Safe sorting of GFP-transduced live cells for subsequent culture using a modified FACS vantage. Cytometry 37, 284–90. 14. Galbraith, D.W. et al. (1999) Flow cytometric analysis and FACS sorting of cells based on GFP accumulation. Methods Cell. Biol. 58, 315–41. 15. Khvorova, A. et al. (2003) Functional siRNAs and miRNAs exhibit strand bias. Cell 115, 209–16. 16. Ui-Tei, K. et al. (2004) Guidelines for the selection of highly effective siRNA sequences for mammalian and chick RNA interference. Nucl. Acid Res. 32, 936–48. 17. Vidugiriene, J. et al. (2004) The use of bioluminescent reporter genes for RNAi optimization. Promega Notes 87, 2–6. 18. Elbashir, S.M. et al. (2002) Analysis of gene function in somatic mammalian cells using small interfering RNAs. Methods 26, 199–213. 19. Xia, H. et al. (2002) siRNA-mediated gene silencing in vitro and in vivo. Nat. Biotech. 20, 1006–10. 20. Huang, Y. et al. (2003) Erbin suppresses the MAP kinase pathway. J. Biol. Chem. 278, 1108–14. 21. Kullmann, M. et al. (2002) ELAV/Hu proteins inhibit p27 translation via an IRES element in the p27 5´UTR. Genes Dev. 16, 3087–99. 22. Lang, V. et al. (2003) bTrCP-mediated proteolysis of NF-kB p105 requires phosphorylation of p105 series 927 and 932. Mol. Cell. Biol. 23, 402–13. 23. Editorial (2003) Whither RNAi? Nature Cell Biol. 5, 489–90. 24. Kumar, R. et al. (2003) High-throughput selection of effective RNAi probes for gene silencing. Genome Res. 13, 2333–40. Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · Phone 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 · www.promega.com Part# TM256 Page 18 Printed in USA. Revised 1/14 tm256.0114:EIVD_TM.qxd 8. 1/28/2014 10:36 AM Page 19 Appendix 8.A. pGeneClip™ Vector Maps and Sequence Reference Points The pGeneClip™ Vectors have overhangs of AGAG and GCAG. The listed locations of the vector features and restriction enzyme sites are in relation to base 1 (the T7 RNA polymerase transcription initiation site) and are numbered as though the overhangs had been filled in and then ligated. ➞ T7 linearized pGeneClip™ Basic Vector (3,402bp) 1 start U1 promoter Amp r ➞ Pst I 1432 G C A G SP6 529 4790MA A G A G Figure 5. pGeneClip™ Basic Vector circle map and sequence reference points. pGeneClip™ Basic Vector Sequence Reference Points T7 RNA polymerase transcription initiation site U1 promoter (human –392 to +1) 10bp spacer U1 termination sequence SP6 RNA polymerase promoter (–17 to +3) SP6 RNA polymerase promoter binding site Binding site of pUC/M13 Reverse Sequencing Primer b-lactamase (Ampr) coding region Binding site of pUC/M13 Forward Sequencing Primer T7 RNA polymerase promoter (–17 to +3) 1 46–438 439–448 449–465 527–546 529–547 564–585 1724–2584 3336–3359 3386–3 Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · Phone 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 · www.promega.com Printed in USA. Revised 1/14 Part# TM256 Page 19 tm256.0114:EIVD_TM.qxd 1/28/2014 10:36 AM Page 20 ➞ T7 linearized pGeneClip™ Puromycin Vector (4,561bp) U1 promoter Amp r 1 start A G A G Puromycin ➞ SP6 529 4791MA Pst I Synthetic 1843 Polyadenylation Signal G C A G SV40 Enhancer/ Early Promoter Figure 6. pGeneClip™ Puromycin Vector circle map and sequence reference points. pGeneClip™ Puromycin Vector Sequence Reference Points T7 RNA polymerase transcription initiation site U1 promoter (human –392 to +1) 10bp spacer U1 termination sequence SP6 RNA polymerase promoter (–17 to +3) SP6 RNA polymerase promoter binding site Binding site of pUC/M13 Reverse Sequencing Primer SV40 enhancer and early promoter SV40 minimum origin of replication Puromycin-N-acetyltransferase coding region Synthetic polyadenylation signal b-lactamase (Ampr) coding region Binding site of pUC/M13 Forward Sequencing Primer T7 RNA polymerase promoter (–17 to +3) 1 46–438 439–448 449–465 527–546 529–547 564–585 798–1216 1114–1179 1239–1838 1883–1931 2883–3743 4495–4518 4545–3 Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · Phone 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 · www.promega.com Part# TM256 Page 20 Printed in USA. Revised 1/14 tm256.0114:EIVD_TM.qxd 1/28/2014 10:36 AM Page 21 T7 linearized pGeneClip™ Hygromycin Vector U1 promoter Amp r 1 start (4,989bp) A G A G Hygromycin SP6 529 4789MA Pst I 1588 ➞ Synthetic Polyadenylation Signal G C A G SV40 Enhancer/ Early Promoter Figure 7. pGeneClip™ Hygromycin Vector circle map and sequence reference points. pGeneClip™ Hygromycin Vector Sequence Reference Points T7 RNA polymerase transcription initiation site U1 promoter (human –392 to +1) 10bp spacer U1 termination sequence SP6 RNA polymerase promoter (–17 to +3) SP6 RNA polymerase promoter binding site Binding site of pUC/M13 Reverse Sequencing Primer SV40 enhancer and early promoter SV40 minimum origin of replication Hygromycin phosphotransferase coding region Synthetic polyadenylation signal b-lactamase (Ampr) coding region Binding site of pUC/M13 Forward Sequencing Primer T7 RNA polymerase promoter (–17 to +3) 1 46–438 439–448 449–465 527–546 529–547 564–585 798–1216 1114–1179 1251–2276 2311–2359 3311–4171 4923–4946 4973–3 Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · Phone 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 · www.promega.com Printed in USA. Revised 1/14 Part# TM256 Page 21 tm256.0114:EIVD_TM.qxd 1/28/2014 10:36 AM Page 22 ➞ T7 linearized pGeneClip™ Neomycin Vector (4,758bp) 1 start U1 promoter Amp r A G A G Neomycin SP6 529 4788MA Pst I 1432 ➞ Synthetic Polyadenylation Signal G C A G SV40 Enhancer/ Early Promoter Figure 8. pGeneClip™ Neomycin Vector circle map and sequence reference points. pGeneClip™ Neomycin Vector Sequence Reference Points T7 RNA polymerase transcription initiation site U1 promoter (human –392 to +1) 10bp spacer U1 termination sequence SP6 RNA polymerase promoter (–17 to +3) SP6 RNA polymerase promoter binding site Binding site of pUC/M13 Reverse Sequencing Primer SV40 enhancer and early promoter SV40 minimum origin of replication Neomycin phosphotransferase coding region Synthetic polyadenylation signal b-lactamase (Ampr) coding region Binding site of pUC/M13 Forward Sequencing Primer T7 RNA polymerase promoter (–17 to +3) 1 46–438 439–448 449–465 527–546 529–547 564–585 798–1216 1114–1179 1251–2045 2080–2128 3080–3940 4692–4715 4742–3 Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · Phone 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 · www.promega.com Part# TM256 Page 22 Printed in USA. Revised 1/14 tm256.0114:EIVD_TM.qxd 1/28/2014 10:36 AM Page 23 ➞ T7 1 start U1 promoter Amp r linearized pGeneClip™ hMGFP Vector (5,267bp) A G A G hMGFP G C A G Pst I 1638 ➞ CMV Promoter SP6 529 4792MA Intron Figure 9. pGeneClip™ hMGFP Vector circle map and sequence reference points. pGeneClip™ hMGFP Vector Sequence Reference Points T7 RNA polymerase transcription initiation site U1 promoter (human –392 to +1) 10bp spacer U1 termination sequence SP6 RNA polymerase promoter (–17 to +3) SP6 RNA polymerase promoter binding site Binding site of pUC/M13 Reverse Sequencing Primer CMV enhancer/promoter Chimeric intron hMGFP open reading frame Synthetic polyadenylation signal b-lactamase (Ampr) coding region Binding site of pUC/M13 Forward Sequencing Primer T7 RNA polymerase promoter (–17 to +3) 1 46–438 439–448 449–465 527–546 529–547 564–585 801–1550 1690–1822 1880–2563 2589–2637 3589–4449 5201–5224 5250–3 Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · Phone 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 · www.promega.com Printed in USA. Revised 1/14 Part# TM256 Page 23 tm256.0114:EIVD_TM.qxd 1/28/2014 10:36 AM Page 24 8.B. pGeneClip™ Basic Vector Restriction Enzyme Sites The pGeneClip™ Vectors have overhangs of AGAG and GCAG. The listed locations of the restriction enzyme sites are in relation to base 1 (the T7 RNA polymerase transcription initiation site). The following restriction enzyme tables were constructed using DNASTAR® sequence analysis software. Please note that we have not verified this information by restriction digestion with each enzyme listed. The location given specifies the 3´ end of the cut DNA (the base to the left of the cut site). For more information on the cut sites of these enzymes, or if you identify a discrepancy, please contact your local Promega Branch or Distributor. In the U.S., contact Promega Technical Services at 800-356-9526. Vector sequences are also available in the GenBank® database (GenBank®/EMBL Accession Number AY744385) and on the Internet at: www.promega.com/vectors/ Table 3. Restriction Enzymes That Cut the pGeneClip™ Basic Vector 1–5 Times. Enzyme AatII AccI AcyI AflIII Alw26I Alw44I AlwNI ApaI AspHI AvaI AvaII BamHI BanI BanII BglI BglII BsaI BsaAI BsaHI Bsp120I BspHI BssSI BstXI BstZI Bsu36I Cfr10I ClaI DdeI # of Sites 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 4 2 4 1 3 4 2 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 1 5 Location 112 29, 459 109, 2334 502, 905 1858, 2634 1219, 2464 242, 1321 14 497, 1223, 2383, 2468 357, 487 50, 305, 1935, 2157 40 649, 1745, 3028 14, 358, 497, 3066 1917, 3235 432 1858 2991 109, 2334 10 1624, 2632 1078, 2461 506 468 46 1877, 3092 476 46, 1180, 1588, 1754, 2294 1663, 1682, 2374 2991 1013, 2946 Enzyme EaeI EagI EarI EclHKI Eco52I Eco81I EcoICRI EcoRI EcoRV FokI # of Sites 4 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 5 FspI HaeII 2 4 HgaI 5 HincII HindII HpaI Hsp92I MaeI 2 2 1 2 5 MluI NaeI NciI NgoMIV NotI NsiI NspI DraI 3 PaeR7I DraIII 1 Ppu10I DrdI 2 PstI* *A second PstI site is created upon ligation of an. insert. 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Location 468, 744, 2185, 3372 468 789, 2592, 3280 1797 468 46 495 34 18 522, 1763, 1944, 2231, 3318 2019, 3242 783, 1153, 3142, 3150 84, 1016, 1593, 2323, 3208 30, 483 30, 483 483 109, 2334 23, 1400, 1652, 1987, 3142 502 3094 1285, 1980, 2331 3092 468 515 909 487 511 1432 Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · Phone 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 · www.promega.com Part# TM256 Page 24 Printed in USA. Revised 1/14 tm256.0114:EIVD_TM.qxd 1/28/2014 10:36 AM Page 25 Table 3. Restriction Enzymes That Cut the pGeneClip™ Basic Vector 1–5 Times (continued). Enzyme PvuI PvuII # of Sites 2 3 RsaI SacI SalI ScaI SinI 1 1 1 1 4 Location 2167, 3263 333, 729, 3292 2277 497 28 2277 50, 305, 1935, 2157 Enzyme SspI StyI TfiI VspI XbaI XhoI XmnI # of Sites 2 1 3 3 1 1 2 Location 2601, 2783 120 325, 740, 880 676, 735, 1969 22 487 277, 2396 Table 4. Restriction Enzymes That Do Not Cut the pGeneClip™ Basic Vector. AccB7I AccIII Acc65I AflII AgeI AscI AvrII BalI BbeI BbrPI BbsI BbuI BclI BlpI Bpu1102I BsaBI BsaMI BsmI BspMI BsrGI BssHII Bst1107I Bst98I BstEII CspI Csp45I DraII DsaI Eco47III Eco72I EcoNI EheI FseI HindIII I-PpoI KasI KpnI NarI NcoI NdeI NheI NruI PacI PflMI PinAI PmeI PmlI PpuMI PshAI Psp5II PspAI RsrII SacII SfiI SgfI SgrAI SmaI SnaBI SpeI SphI SplI SrfI Sse8387I StuI SwaI Tth111I XcmI XmaI Table 5. Restriction Enzymes That Cut the pGeneClip™ Basic Vector 6 or More Times. AciI AluI BbvI BsaOI BsaJI Bsp1286I BsrI BsrSI Bst71I BstOI BstUI CfoI DpnI DpnII Fnu4HI HaeIII HhaI HinfI HpaII HphI Hsp92II MaeII MaeIII MboI MboII MnlI MseI MspI MspA1I NdeII NlaIII NlaIV PleI Sau3AI Sau96I ScrFI SfaNI TaqI Tru9I XhoII Note: The enzymes listed in boldface type are available from Promega. Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · Phone 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 · www.promega.com Printed in USA. Revised 1/14 Part# TM256 Page 25 tm256.0114:EIVD_TM.qxd 1/28/2014 10:36 AM Page 26 8.C. pGeneClip™ Puromycin Vector Restriction Enzyme Sites The pGeneClip™ Vectors have overhangs of AGAG and GCAG. The listed locations of the restriction enzyme sites are in relation to base 1 (the T7 RNA polymerase transcription initiation site). The following restriction enzyme tables were constructed using DNASTAR® sequence analysis software. Please note that we have not verified this information by restriction digestion with each enzyme listed. The location given specifies the 3´ end of the cut DNA (the base to the left of the cut site). For more information on the cut sites of these enzymes, or if you identify a discrepancy, please contact your local Promega Branch or Distributor. In the U.S., contact Promega Technical Services at 800-356-9526. Vector sequences are also available in the GenBank® database (GenBank®/EMBL Accession Number AY745747) and on the Internet at: www.promega.com/vectors/ Table 6. Restriction Enzymes That Cut the pGeneClip™ Puromycin Vector 1–5 Times. Enzyme AatII AccI Acc65I AflIII AgeI Alw26I Alw44I AlwNI ApaI AspHI # of Sites 3 3 1 2 1 3 2 2 1 5 AvaI AvrII BalI BamHI BbeI BbuI BglI 4 1 1 2 2 2 5 BglII BsaI BsaAI Bsp120I BspHI BssHII BssSI BstEII BstXI BstZI Bsu36I Cfr10I 1 2 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 1 4 Location 112, 1285 1783 29, 459, 1348 845 502, 2063 1868 1713, 3017, 3793 2377, 3623 242, 2479 14 497, 1672, 2381, 3542, 3627 357, 487, 1288, 1849 1195 1614 40, 1844 1450, 1581 943, 1015 1148, 1455, 1586, 3076, 4394 432 1713, 3017 4150 10 2783, 3791 1694 2236, 3620 1373 506 468, 1687 46 1585, 1868, 3036, 4251 Enzyme ClaI CspI Csp45I DraI # of Sites 1 1 1 4 DraIII DrdI DsaI EagI EarI EclHKI Eco52I Eco81I EcoICRI EcoRI EcoRV EheI FspI HincII HindII HindIII HpaI KasI KpnI MluI NaeI NarI NcoI NgoMIV NheI NotI NsiI 2 2 4 2 4 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 3 3 3 2 1 2 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 3 Location 476 1355 1933 1857, 2822, 2841, 3533 1810, 4150 2171, 4105 806, 1102, 1255, 1450 468, 1687 789, 1398, 3751, 4439 2956 468, 1687 46 495 34 18 1448, 1579 799, 3178, 4401 30, 483, 1349 30, 483, 1349 1211, 1942 483 1446, 1577 849 502 4253 1447, 1578 806, 1102 4251 1229 468 515, 945, 1017 Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · Phone 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 · www.promega.com Part# TM256 Page 26 Printed in USA. Revised 1/14 tm256.0114:EIVD_TM.qxd 1/28/2014 10:36 AM Page 27 Table 6. Restriction Enzymes That Cut the pGeneClip™ Puromycin Vector 1–5 Times (continued). Enzyme NspI PaeR7I PinAI PmeI Ppu10I PspAI PstI* PvuI PvuII RsaI RsrII SacI SacII SalI ScaI # of Sites 3 2 1 1 3 1 1 2 4 4 1 1 1 2 1 Location 943, 1015, 2067 487, 1849 1868 1857 511, 941, 1013 1288 1843 3326, 4422 333, 729, 871, 4451 847, 1248, 1297, 3436 1355 497 1453 28, 1347 3436 Enzyme SfiI SmaI SphI SplI SspI StuI StyI TfiI Tth111I VspI XbaI XhoI XmaI XmnI . *A second PstI site is created upon ligation of an insert. # of Sites 1 1 2 1 2 2 5 4 1 3 2 2 1 2 Location 1148 1290 943, 1015 1295 3760, 3942 1194, 1570 120, 806, 1102, 1195, 1591 325, 740, 1217, 2038 1281 676, 735, 3128 22, 1862 487, 1849 1288 277, 3555 Table 7. Restriction Enzymes that Do Not Cut the pGeneClip™ Puromycin Vector. AccB7I AccIII AflII AscI BbrPI BbsI BclI BlpI Bpu1102I BsaBI BsaMI BsmI BspMI BsrGI Bst1107I Bst98I DraII Eco47III Eco72I EcoNI FseI I-PpoI NdeI NruI PacI PflMI PmlI PpuMI PshAI Psp5II SgfI SgrAI SnaBI SpeI SrfI Sse8387I SwaI XcmI Table 8. Restriction Enzymes that Cut the pGeneClip™ Puromycin Vector 6 or More Times. AciI AcyI AluI AvaII BanI BanII BbvI BsaOI BsaHI BsaJI Bsp1286I BsrI BsrSI Bst71I BstOI BstUI CfoI DdeI DpnI DpnII EaeI Fnu4HI FokI HaeII HaeIII HgaI HhaI HinfI HpaII HphI Hsp92I Hsp92II MaeI MaeII MaeIII MboI MboII MnlI MseI MspI MspA1I NciI NdeII NlaIII NlaIV PleI Sau3AI Sau96I ScrFI SfaNI SinI TaqI Tru9I XhoII Note: The enzymes listed in boldface type are available from Promega. Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · Phone 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 · www.promega.com Printed in USA. Revised 1/14 Part# TM256 Page 27 tm256.0114:EIVD_TM.qxd 1/28/2014 10:36 AM Page 28 8.D. pGeneClip™ Hygromycin Vector Restriction Enzyme Sites The pGeneClip™ Vectors have overhangs of AGAG and GCAG. The listed locations of the restriction enzyme sites are in relation to base 1 (the T7 RNA polymerase transcription initiation site) and are numbered as though the overhangs had been filled in and then ligated. The following restriction enzyme tables were constructed using DNASTAR® sequence analysis software. Please note that we have not verified this information by restriction digestion with each enzyme listed. The location given specifies the 3´ end of the cut DNA (the base to the left of the cut site). For more information on the cut sites of these enzymes, or if you identify a discrepancy, please contact your local Promega Branch or Distributor. In the U.S., contact Promega Technical Services at 800-356-9526. Vector sequences are also available in the GenBank® database (GenBank®/EMBL Accession Number AY745745) and on the Internet at: www.promega.com/vectors/ Table 9. Restriction Enzymes That Cut the pGeneClip™ Hygromycin Vector 1–5 Times. Enzyme # of Sites AatII 2 AccI 2 AccIII 3 Acc65I 1 AcyI 4 AflIII 2 AgeI 1 Alw26I 2 Alw44I 4 AlwNI 2 ApaI 1 AvaI 4 AvrII 1 BamHI 1 BanI 5 BanII BbuI BglI BglII BsaI BsaAI BsaHI Bsp120I BspHI BspMI BssSI BstXI BstZI Bsu36I Cfr10I ClaI 4 2 3 1 1 1 4 1 2 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 Location 112, 1278 29, 459 1472, 2009, 2145 845 109, 1275, 2243, 3921 502, 2491 2296 3445, 4221 1531, 1833, 2805, 4051 242, 2907 14 357, 487, 1240, 2277 1195 40 649, 845, 1825, 3332, 4615 14, 358, 497, 4653 943, 1015 1148, 3504, 4822 432 3445 4578 109, 1275, 2243, 3921 10 3211, 4219 1564 1351, 1830, 2664, 4048 506 468, 1456, 1621, 2191 46 1589, 2296, 3464, 4679 476 Enzyme # of Sites CspI 1 Csp45I 1 DraI 4 DraIII 3 DrdI 4 DsaI 5 EagI EarI EclHKI Eco52I Eco81I EcoICRI EcoRI EcoRV FspI HaeII HincII HindII HindIII HpaI Hsp92I KpnI MluI NaeI NcoI NdeI NgoMIV NheI NotI NsiI NspI 4 3 2 4 1 1 2 1 3 4 3 3 2 1 4 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 3 3 Location 1659 2361 2285, 3250, 3269, 3961 1539, 1832, 4578 1755, 2136, 2599, 4533 806, 1102, 1603, 1959, 2028 468, 1456, 1621, 2191 789, 4179, 4867 1313, 3384 468, 1456, 1621, 2191 46 495 34, 1494 18 799, 3606, 4829 783, 2739, 4729, 4737 30, 483, 2087 30, 483, 2087 1211, 2370 483 109, 1275, 2243, 3921 849 502 4681 806, 1102, 1603 1701 4679 1229 468 515, 945, 1017 943, 1015, 2495 Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · Phone 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 · www.promega.com Part# TM256 Page 28 Printed in USA. Revised 1/14 tm256.0114:EIVD_TM.qxd 1/28/2014 10:36 AM Page 29 Table 9. Restriction Enzymes That Cut the pGeneClip™ Hygromycin Vector 1–5 Times (continued). Enzyme PaeR7I PinAI PmeI Ppu10I PshAI PspAI PstI* PvuI # of Sites 2 1 1 3 1 1 1 4 PvuII RsaI RsrII SacI SacII SalI ScaI 4 4 1 1 1 1 2 Location 487, 2277 2296 2285 511, 941, 1013 1278 1240 1588 1237, 1615, 3754, 4850 333, 729, 871, 4879 847, 2168, 2221, 3864 1659 497 2031 28 2221, 3864 Enzyme # of Sites SfiI 1 SgfI 2 SmaI 1 SphI 2 SrfI 1 SspI 2 StuI 1 StyI 5 Tth111I VspI XbaI XhoI XmaI XmnI 1 3 2 2 1 2 Location 1148 1237, 1615 1242 943, 1015 1242 4188, 4370 1194 120, 806, 1102, 1195,1603 1755 676, 735, 3556 22, 2290 487, 2277 1240 277, 3983 . insert. *A second PstI site is created upon ligation of an Table 10. Restriction Enzymes that Do Not Cut the pGeneClip™ Hygromycin Vector. AccB7I AflII AscI BalI BbeI BbrPI BbsI BclI BlpI Bpu1102I BsaBI BsaMI BsmI BsrGI BssHII Bst1107I Bst98I BstEII DraII Eco47III Eco72I EcoNI EheI FseI I-PpoI KasI NarI NruI PacI PflMI PmlI PpuMI Psp5II SgrAI SnaBI SpeI SplI Sse 8387I SwaI XcmI Table 11. Restriction Enzymes that Cut the pGeneClip™ Hygromycin Vector 6 or More Times. AciI AluI AvaII BbvI BsaOI BsaJI Bsp1286I BsrI BsrSI Bst71I BstOI BstUI CfoI DdeI DpnI DpnII EaeI Fnu4HI FokI HaeIII HgaI HhaI HinfI HpaII HphI Hsp92II MaeI MaeII MaeIII MboI MboII MnlI MseI MspI MspA1I NciI NdeII NlaIII NlaIV PleI Sau3AI Sau96I ScrFI SfaNI SinI TaqI TfiI Tru9I XhoII Note: The enzymes listed in boldface type are available from Promega. Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · Phone 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 · www.promega.com Printed in USA. Revised 1/14 Part# TM256 Page 29 tm256.0114:EIVD_TM.qxd 1/28/2014 10:36 AM Page 30 8.E. pGeneClip™ Neomycin Vector Restriction Enzyme Sites The pGeneClip™ Vectors have overhangs of AGAG and GCAG. The listed locations of the restriction enzyme sites are in relation to base 1 (the T7 RNA polymerase transcription initiation site). The following restriction enzyme tables were constructed using DNASTAR® sequence analysis software. Please note that we have not verified this information by restriction digestion with each enzyme listed. The location given specifies the 3´ end of the cut DNA (the base to the left of the cut site). For more information on the cut sites of these enzymes, or if you identify a discrepancy, please contact your local Promega Branch or Distributor. In the U.S., contact Promega Technical Services at 800-356-9526. Vector sequences are also available in the GenBank® database (GenBank®/EMBL Accession Number AY745746) and on the Internet at: www.promega.com/vectors/ Table 12. Restriction Enzymes That Cut the pGeneClip™ Neomycin Vector 1–5 Times. Enzyme # of Sites AatII 1 AccI 2 Acc65I 1 AcyI 3 AflIII 2 AgeI 1 Alw26I 2 Alw44I 2 AlwNI 2 ApaI 1 AvaI 4 AvaII 5 AvrII BalI BamHI BanII 1 1 1 5 BbeI BbuI BglI BglII BsaI BsaAI BsaHI Bsp120I BspHI BspMI BssHII BssSI BstXI BstZI 1 3 3 1 1 2 3 1 2 2 1 3 1 2 Location 112 29, 459 845 109, 1379, 3690 502, 2260 2065 3214, 3990 2574, 3820 242, 2676 14 357, 487, 1240, 2046 50, 305, 1895, 3291, 3513 1195 1461 40 14, 358, 497, 1744, 4422 1382 943, 1015, 1784 1148, 3273, 4591 432 3214 1683, 4347 109, 1379, 3690 10 2980, 3988 1266, 1647 1776 1971, 2433, 3817 506 468, 1285 Enzyme # of Sites Location Bsu36I 1 46 Cfr10I 5 1698, 1879, 2065, 3233, 4448 ClaI 1 476 CspI 1 1895 Csp45I 1 2130 DraI 4 2054, 3019, 3038, 3730 DraIII 1 4347 DrdI 3 1406, 2368, 4302 DsaI 3 806, 1102, 1811 EagI 2 468, 1285 EarI 5 789, 1723, 1933, 3948, 4636 EclHKI 1 3153 Eco52I 2 468, 1285 Eco81I 1 46 EcoICRI 1 495 EcoRI 1 34 EcoRV 1 18 EheI 1 1380 FspI 4 799, 1481, 3375, 4598 HaeII 5 783, 1382, 2508, 4498, 4506 HincII 2 30, 483 HindII 2 30, 483 HindIII 2 1211, 2139 HpaI 1 483 Hsp92I 3 109, 1379, 3690 KasI 1 1378 KpnI 1 849 MluI 1 502 NaeI 2 1881, 4450 Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · Phone 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 · www.promega.com Part# TM256 Page 30 Printed in USA. Revised 1/14 tm256.0114:EIVD_TM.qxd 1/28/2014 10:36 AM Page 31 Table 12. Restriction Enzymes That Cut the pGeneClip™ Neomycin Vector 1–5 Times (continued). Enzyme # of Sites NarI 1 NcoI 3 NgoMIV 2 NheI 1 NotI 1 NsiI 3 NspI 4 PaeR7I 2 PinAI 1 PmeI 1 Ppu10I 3 PspAI 1 PstI* 1 PvuI 3 PvuII 5 Location 1379 806, 1102, 1811 1879, 4448 1229 468 515, 945, 1017 943, 1015, 1784, 2264 487, 2046 2065 2054 511, 941, 1013 1240 1432 1237, 3523, 4619 333, 729, 871, 1485, 4648 847, 1685, 3633 1895 497 Enzyme SalI ScaI SfiI SgfI SinI SmaI SphI SrfI SspI StuI StyI Tth111I VspI XbaI RsaI 3 XhoI RsrII 1 XmaI SacI 1 XmnI . insert. *A second PstI site is created upon ligation of an # of Sites 1 1 1 1 5 1 3 1 2 1 5 1 3 2 2 1 2 Location 28 3633 1148 1237 50, 305, 1895, 3291, 3513 1242 943, 1015, 1784 1242 3957, 4139 1194 120, 806, 1102, 1195, 1811 1497 676, 735, 3325 22, 2059 487, 2046 1240 277, 3752 Table 13. Restriction Enzymes that Do Not Cut the pGeneClip™ Neomycin Vector. AccB7I AccIII AflII AscI BbrPI BbsI BclI BlpI Bpu1102I BsaBI BsaMI BsmI BsrGI Bst1107I Bst 98I BstEII DraII Eco47III Eco72I EcoNI FseI I-PpoI NdeI NruI PacI PflMI PmlI PpuMI PshAI Psp5II SacII SgrAI SnaBI SpeI SplI Sse 8387I SwaI XcmI Table 14. Restriction Enzymes that Cut the pGeneClip™ Neomycin Vector 6 or More Times. AciI AluI AspHI BanI BbvI BsaOI BsaJI Bsp1286I BsrI BsrSI Bst71I BstOI BstUI CfoI DdeI DpnI DpnII EaeI Fnu4HI FokI HaeIII HgaI HhaI HinfI HpaII HphI Hsp92II MaeI MaeII MaeIII MboI MboII MnlI MseI MspI MspA1I NciI NdeII NlaIII NlaIV PleI Sau3AI Sau96I ScrFI SfaNI TaqI TfiI Tru9I XhoII Note: The enzymes listed in boldface type are available from Promega. Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · Phone 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 · www.promega.com Printed in USA. Revised 1/14 Part# TM256 Page 31 tm256.0114:EIVD_TM.qxd 1/28/2014 10:36 AM Page 32 8.F. pGeneClip™ hMGFP Vector Restriction Enzyme Sites The pGeneClip™ Vectors have overhangs of AGAG and GCAG. The listed locations of the restriction enzyme sites are in relation to base 1 (the T7 RNA polymerase transcription initiation site). The following restriction enzyme tables were constructed using DNASTAR® sequence analysis software. Please note that we have not verified this information by restriction digestion with each enzyme listed. The location given specifies the 3´ end of the cut DNA (the base to the left of the cut site). For more information on the cut sites of these enzymes, or if you identify a discrepancy, please contact your local Promega Branch or Distributor. In the U.S., contact Promega Technical Services at 800-356-9526. Vector sequences are also available in the GenBank® database (GenBank®/EMBL Accession Number AY744386) and on the Internet at: www.promega.com/vectors/ Table 15. Restriction Enzymes That Cut the pGeneClip™ hMGFP Vector 1–5 Times. Enzyme # of Sites Location AatII 5 112, 1078, 1131 1214, 1400 AccB7I 1 2458 AccI 2 29, 459 AflII 2 1628, 1647 AflIII 2 502, 2769 AgeI 1 2574 Alw44I 2 3083, 4329 AlwNI 2 242, 3185 ApaI 1 14 AvaI 4 357, 487, 1862, 2129 BalI 2 810, 864 BamHI 1 40 BbeI 2 1929, 2022 BbsI 2 1761, 2071 BclI 1 1887 BglII 1 432 BsaI 2 1715, 3723 BsaAI 3 1293, 2329, 4856 Bsp120I 1 10 BspHI 2 3489, 4497 BspMI 1 1677 BsrGI 2 896, 2232 BssSI 3 2140, 2942, 4326 Bst98I 2 1628, 1647 BstEII 1 2069 BstXI 2 506, 2431 BstZI 1 468 Bsu36I 1 46 Cfr10I 4 2555, 2574, 3742, 4957 Enzyme # of Sites ClaI 1 Csp45I 1 DdeI 5 DraI DraIII DrdI DsaI EagI EarI EclHKI Eco52I Eco81I EcoICRI EcoRI EcoRV EheI FspI HincII HindII HindIII HpaI I-PpoI KasI MluI NaeI NarI NcoI NdeI NgoMIV 3 2 3 2 1 4 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 4 4 2 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 1 2 Location 476 2639 46, 3044, 3453, 3619, 4159 3528, 3547, 4239 2458, 4856 1617, 2877, 4811 1313, 1878 468 789, 797, 4457, 5145 3662 468 46 495, 1527 34 18, 1870 1927, 2020 3884, 5107 30, 483, 1477, 2257 30, 483, 1477, 2257 1556, 2648 483 1651 1925, 2018 502 2557, 4959 1926, 2019 1313, 1878 1187 2555, 4957 Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · Phone 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 · www.promega.com Part# TM256 Page 32 Printed in USA. Revised 1/14 tm256.0114:EIVD_TM.qxd 1/28/2014 10:36 AM Page 33 Table 15. Restriction Enzymes That Cut the pGeneClip™ hMGFP Vector 1–5 Times (continued). Enzyme NheI NotI NsiI NspI PaeR7I PflMI PinAI Ppu10I PspAI PstI* PvuI # of Sites 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 PvuII SacI SalI 3 2 1 Location 1851 468 515 2773 487 2458 2574 511 1862 1638 1464, 1859, 4032, 5128 333, 729, 5157 497, 1529 28 Enzyme ScaI SgfI SmaI SnaBI SpeI SspI StyI TfiI Tth111I VspI XbaI XhoI XmaI XmnI # of Sites 1 2 1 1 1 4 4 4 1 4 2 1 1 2 Location 4142 1464, 1859 1864 1293 952 805, 852, 4466, 4648 120, 1313, 1878, 2094 325, 740, 2175, 2744 2252 676, 735, 960, 3834 22, 2568 487 1862 277, 4261 *A second PstI site is created upon ligation of an insert. Table 16. Restriction Enzymes that Do Not Cut the pGeneClip™ hMGFP Vector. AccIII Acc65I AscI AvrII BbrPI BbuI BlpI Bpu1102I BsaBI BsaMI BsmI BssHII Bst1107I CspI DraII Eco47III Eco72I EcoNI FseI KpnI NruI PacI PmeI PmlI PpuMI PshAI Psp5II RsrII SacII SfiI SgrAI SphI SplI SrfI Sse8387I StuI SwaI XcmI Table 17. Restriction Enzymes that Cut the pGeneClip™ hMGFP Vector 6 or More Times. AciI AcyI AluI Alw26I AspHI AvaII BanI BanII BbvI BglI BsaOI BsaHI BsaJI Bsp1286I BsrI BsrSI Bst71I BstOI BstUI CfoI DpnI DpnII EaeI Fnu4HI FokI HaeII HaeIII HgaI HhaI HinfI HpaII HphI Hsp92I Hsp92II MaeI MaeII MaeIII MboI MboII MnlI MseI MspI MspA1I NciI NdeII NlaIII NlaIV PleI RsaI Sau3AI Sau96I ScrFI SfaNI SinI TaqI Tru9I XhoII Note: The enzymes listed in boldface type are available from Promega. Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · Phone 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 · www.promega.com Printed in USA. Revised 1/14 Part# TM256 Page 33 tm256.0114:EIVD_TM.qxd 1/28/2014 10:36 AM Page 34 8.G. Composition of Buffers and Solutions LB plates with ampicillin Add 15g agar to 1 liter of LB medium. Autoclave. Allow the medium to cool to 50°C before adding ampicillin to a final concentration of 100µg/ml. Pour 30–35ml of medium into 85mm petri dishes. Let the agar harden. Store at 4°C for up to 1 month or at room temperature for up to 1 week. 2M Mg2+ stock 20.33g MgCl2 • 6H2O 24.65g MgSO4 • 7H2O Add distilled water to 100ml. Filter sterilize. 2X Rapid Ligation Buffer (provided) 60mM 20mM 20mM 2mM 10% Tris-HCl (pH 7.8) MgCl2 DTT ATP polyethylene glycol (MW8000, ACS Grade) Store in single-use aliquots at –20°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. Oligo Annealing Buffer (provided) 60mM 1.5M 60mM 10mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.5) NaCl MgCl2 DTT SOC medium (100ml) Bacto®-tryptone Bacto®-yeast extract 1M NaCl 1M KCl 2M Mg2+ stock, filtersterilized 1ml 2M glucose, filter-sterilized 2.0g 0.5g 1ml 0.25ml 1ml Add Bacto®-tryptone, Bacto®-yeast extract, NaCl and KCl to 97ml distilled water. Stir to dissolve. Autoclave and cool to room temperature. Add 2M Mg2+ stock and 2M glucose, each to a final concentration of 20mM. Bring the volume to 100ml with sterile, distilled water. The final pH should be 7.0. TE buffer 10mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.0) 1mM EDTA 8.H. Related Products Product PstI Size 3,000 units 15,000 units Cat.# R6111 R6115 Size 50 × 20µl reactions Cat.# P1700 RNA Production System Product T7 RiboMAX™ Express RNAi System Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · Phone 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 · www.promega.com Part# TM256 Page 34 Printed in USA. Revised 1/14 tm256.0114:EIVD_TM.qxd 1/28/2014 10:36 AM Page 35 RNAi Vector Systems Product psiCHECK™ 1 Vector psiCHECK™ 2 Vector Size 20µg 20µg Cat.# C8011 C8021 Size 100 assays 1,000 assays 20µg Cat.# E2810 E2820 E6421 Size 10ml 10 × 10ml 100ml 10 × 100ml Cat.# G7570 G7571 G7572 G7573 Size 50 preps 250 preps Cat.# A1330 A1460 50 preps 250 preps A1340 A1470 Reporter Assay Systems Product Renilla Luciferase Assay System Monster Green® Fluorescent Protein phMGFP Vector Cell Proliferation Assay Product CellTiter-Glo® Luminescent Cell Viability Assay Plasmid DNA Purification Product Wizard® Plus SV Minipreps DNA Purification System Wizard® Plus SV Minipreps DNA Purification System + Vacuum Adapters Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · Phone 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 · www.promega.com Printed in USA. Revised 1/14 Part# TM256 Page 35 tm256.0114:EIVD_TM.qxd 1/28/2014 10:36 AM Page 36 (a)This product is sold solely for use for research purposes in fields other than plants. This product is not transferable. If the purchaser is not willing to accept the conditions of this label license, Promega is willing to accept the return of the product and provide the purchaser with a full refund. However if the product is used, then the purchaser agrees to be bound by the conditions of this limited use statement. This product is sold by Promega Corporation under license from Benitec Australia Ltd and CSIRO as co-owners of U.S. Pat. No. 6,573,099 and foreign counterparts. For information regarding licenses to these patents for use of ddRNAi as a therapeutic agent or as a method to treat/prevent human disease, please contact Benitec at [email protected]. For the use of ddRNAi in other fields, please contact CSIRO at: www.pi.csiro.au/RNAi. (b)This product is covered under license from Carnegie Institution of Washington under U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,506,559, 7,538,095, 7,560,438, Australian Pat. No. 743798 and other patents pending. Commercial use of this product will require a separate license from Carnegie. (c)Patent Pending. (d)Certain applications of this product may require licenses from others. (e)BY USE OF THIS PRODUCT, RESEARCHER AGREES TO BE BOUND BY THE TERMS OF THIS LIMITED USE STATEMENT. If the researcher is not willing to accept the conditions of this limited use statement, and the product is unused, Promega will accept return of the unused product and provide the researcher with a full refund. Researchers may use this product for research use only, no commercial use is allowed. Commercial Use means any and all uses of this product and derivatives by a party for monetary or other consideration and may include but is not limited to use in: (1) product manufacture; and (2) to provide a service, information or data; and/or resale of the product or its derivatives, whether or not such product or derivatives are resold for use in research. Researchers shall have no right to modify or otherwise create variations of the nucleotide sequence of the Monster Green® gene except that researchers may create fused gene sequences provided that the coding sequence of the resulting Monster Green® gene has no more than four deoxynucleotides missing at the affected terminus compared to the intact Monster Green® gene sequence. No other use or transfer of this product or derivatives is authorized without the prior express, written consent of Promega Corporation. Researchers may transfer derivatives to others for research use provided that at the time of transfer a copy of this label license is given to the recipients and recipients agree to be bound by the terms of this label license. PROMEGA MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING FOR MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE WITH REGARDS TO THE PRODUCT. The terms of this agreement shall be governed under the laws of the State of Wisconsin, USA. (f)The gene encoding Monster Green® Fluorescent Protein is exclusively licensed to Promega Corporation under U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,291,711 and 7,413,874 and other patents pending. © 2011, 2014 Promega Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Products may be covered by pending or issued patents or may have certain limitations. Please visit our Web site for more information. CellTiter-Glo, Monster Green and Wizard are registered trademarks of Promega Corporation. GeneClip, psiCHECK and RiboMAX are trademarks of Promega Corporation. Bacto is a registered trademark of Difco Laboratories, Detroit, Michigan. DH5α is a trademark of Life Technologies, Inc. DNASTAR is a registered trademark of DNASTAR, Inc. GenBank is a registered trademark of US Dept of Health and Human Services. Products may be covered by pending or issued patents or may have certain limitations. Please visit our Web site for more information. All prices and specifications are subject to change without prior notice. Product claims are subject to change. Please contact Promega Technical Services or access the Promega online catalog for the most up-to-date information on Promega products. Promega Corporation · 2800 Woods Hollow Road · Madison, WI 53711-5399 USA Toll Free in USA 800-356-9526 · Phone 608-274-4330 · Fax 608-277-2516 · www.promega.com Part# TM256 Page 36 Printed in USA. Revised 1/14