EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND (EPF) MALAYSIA : Governance, Investment & Risk Management 1
Transcription
EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND (EPF) MALAYSIA : Governance, Investment & Risk Management 1
EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND (EPF) MALAYSIA : Governance, Investment & Risk Management by R. VIJAYA KUMAR Head, Strategic Planning Department Employees Provident Fund APEC Workshop on Meeting The Challenges of Ageing Society, Shanghai, China. October 16-17, 2007 EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 1 QuickTake on EPF (end 2006) SIZE IMPACT PUBLIC SCRUTINY EPF members - 11.36 million Malaysian population - 27 million EPF’s assets 2006 - USD 83.16 billion Real GDP 2006 - USD 79.57 billion Economy/Society/Labour Markets /Savings and Consumption Level Trustee/Ownership Note: USD 1 = RM 3.49 EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 2 PRESENTATION ROADMAP Background Governance Investment Risk Management Challenges Way Forward Questions & Answers EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 3 BACKGROUND Malaysia in Brief Population (2005): 26.75 Million Population Growth Rate: 1.78% Ethnic Groups Malay 50.4%; Chinese 23.7%; Indigenous 11%; Indian 7.1%; Others 7.8% GDP (2006) : USD 308.8 Billion GDP Growth Rate: 5.5% Percapita Income: USD 2,700.00 Unemployment Rate (2006): 3.5% Inflation Rate (2006): 3.8% EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 4 BACKGROUND Malaysia in Brief Labour Force: 10.23 million 5.05 death/1,000 population Mortality Rate: Life Expectancy (at birth): Male: 71 years Female: 76 years Poverty Rate 5.7% Hardcore Poverty Rate: 1.2% EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 5 BACKGROUND Social Security System in Malaysia: Social Security Benefits Benefit Organisation Retirement • Public Service Pension Scheme • Employees Provident Fund (EPF) • Armed Force Provident Fund • Employment Injury • Invalidity • Social Security Organisation (SOCSO) Social Assistance Social Welfare Department Health Care Ministry of Health Others • Workmen Compensation Scheme 1952 • Employment Act 1955 EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 6 BACKGROUND EPF’s Vision, Mission and Values Customer First Vision: To be a leading social security organization in the world and the best government agency in Malaysia Continuous Improvement Teamwork Mission: Provide retirement benefits to members; convenient system to employers; challenging working environment to employees and socio-economic development to the nation Integrity EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 7 BACKGROUND History The EPF was established on 1 October 1951. It is governed by the EPF Act 1991. The EPF is a national compulsory savings scheme. It provides retirement benefits for the private sector and nonpensionable public sector employees. The employees and their employers pay monthly contributions to the Fund and the contributions are then credited into the individual member’s account to which interest or dividend is added annually. Employee’s contributions + Employer’s contributions + Dividend EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND - PreRetirement Withdrawals = = RETIREMENT SAVINGS 8 BACKGROUND Main Functions To receive and recover contributions. To maintain members’ and employers’ accounts. To invest the funds. To return the savings to members through the various withdrawal options. EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 9 BACKGROUND Membership Growth, No. of Active Members & Employer Growth Year No. of Members (million) No. of Active Members (million) No. of Employers 2006 11.36 5.39 409,911 2005 11.05 5.23 394,359 2004 10.71 5.07 372,741 2003 10.42 4.91 355226 2000 9.97 5.04 318,218 1990 5.94 2.94 174,289 1980 3.76 2.82 109,658 1970 1.96 1.57 58,000 1960 1.14 1.03 15,874 1952 0.52 0.50 11,918 EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 10 BACKGROUND Investment & Assets Year Cumulative Investments (RM Million) Annual Gross Income (RM Million) Cumulative Assets (RM Million) 6/2007 306,410 2006 285,451 13,299 290,255 2005 253,968 12,773 263,865 2004 237,106 11,758 240,362 2003 217,051 11,046 220,161 2000 179,047 10,542 181,518 1990 45,642 3,259 46,680 1980 9,261 637 9,481 1970 2,193 119 2,240 1960 629 31 633 1952 17 0 28 EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 11 BACKGROUND Contribution & Withdrawal (Annual) (RM Million) 30,000 27,952 25,251 25,000 21,968 21,860 20,056 20,000 20,143 18,172 16,847 15,083 15,121 15,000 12,727 13,403 13,423 2004 2005 11,501 9,991 10,000 7,124 5,000 0 1999 2000 2001 2002 WITHDRAWAL EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 2003 2006 CONTRIBUTION 12 BACKGROUND Coverage Compulsory - All private sector employees. - Public sector employees(prior to be placed on pension scheme and those who have opted for EPF’s scheme). Voluntary - Self - employed - Domestic helpers - Public sector employees - Foreign workers EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 13 BACKGROUND Contribution Rate YEAR Percentage EMPLOYEE EMPLOYER TOTAL Jun 2004 - present 11 12 23 Jun 2003 – May 2004 9 12 21 Apr 2002 - May 2003 11 12 23 Apr 2001 - Mar 2002 9 12 21 Jan 1996 - Mar 2001 11 12 23 Jan 1993 - Dec 1995 10 12 22 Dec 1980 - Dec 1992 9 11 20 July 1975 - Nov 1980 6 7 13 1952 5 5 10 - Jun 1975 Self employed persons can elect to contribute between RM 50.00 and RM 5000.00 per month. EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 14 BACKGROUND Structure of Members’ Account From 1 Jan 2007 Before 1 Jan 2007 Account 1 (60% of savings) Account 2 (30% of savings) Account 3 (10% of savings) EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND Account 1 (70% of savings) Account 2 (30% of savings) 15 BACKGROUND Benefit & Withdrawal 1. Retirement withdrawals On attaining age 55 years a member can choose to do any of the following : withdraw total savings in lump sum, withdraw total savings monthly, or part of the savings in lump sum and the balance on a monthly basis. 2. Other full withdrawals A member can withdraw all the savings: When a member is permanently incapacitated. Member’s nominee/next-of-kin can withdraw upon member’s death. When a members leaves the country permanently (revokes his/her Malaysian citizenship). EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 16 BACKGROUND Benefit & Withdrawal 3. Pre-retirement withdrawals A member can withdraw part of the savings: To purchase/build and to reduce housing-mortgage loan. On attaining 50 years of age. For health care and. For education of members and members’ children. 4. Members’ Investment Scheme Members who have savings of at least RM 55,000 in Account I can invest 20% of the savings in excess of RM 50,000 through approved external fund managers. The investment can be made at intervals of 3 months. EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 17 BACKGROUND Benefit & Withdrawal 5. Additional benefits: Death Benefit of RM2,500 is paid to the next-of-kin upon a member’s death. Incapacitation Benefit of RM5,000 is paid to a member upon Incapacitation. (Provided the member has not attained age 55). EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 18 BACKGROUND Tax Incentive Employee’s share of EPF contributions together with life insurance premium of up to RM6,000 is tax deductible. Employer’s share of EPF contributions of up to 19% is tax deductible. EPF’s returns on investments are not taxed. All pre-retirement and retirement withdrawals are not taxed. EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 19 PRESENTATION ROADMAP Background Governance Investment Risk Management Challenges Way Forward Questions & Answers EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 20 GOVERNANCE Governance Structure MINISTRY OF FINANCE INVESTMENT PANEL BOARD MANAGEMENT EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 21 GOVERNANCE EPF Board The EPF Board is a statutory body under the Ministry of Finance. The Board formulates policies and guidelines and ensures their implementation. The Board comprises : - Chairman - Deputy Chairman - 5 representatives of the government (inclusive of the Deputy Chairman) - 5 representatives of the employees - 5 representatives of the employers - 3 professionals - Chief Executive Officer (ex-officio) EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 22 GOVERNANCE Board Committees Audit Committee Finance and Development Committee Establishment, Appointment and Service Committee Disciplinary Committee Risk Management Committee Performance Management Committee Promotion Committee EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 23 GOVERNANCE Investment Panel The Investment Panel is responsible for the investment of the funds. The Panel consists of : - Chairman - 1 representative of the Ministry of Finance - 1 representative of the Central Bank - 3 experts in finance and investment - Chief Executive Officer (ex-officio) Members of the Board and Investment Panel are appointed by the Minister of Finance. EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 24 LEGAL DEPT. GOVERNANCE Management Structure PROPERTY DEPT. OPERATION DIVISION PROCUREMENT DEPT. ENFORCEMENT DEPT. WITHDRAWAL DEPT. CONTRIBUTION DEPT. SERVICES DIVISION BRANCH NETWORK DEPT. OPERATION INVT DEPT. CEO INVESTMENT DIVISION RESEARCH & SUPERVISION INVT DEPT. EQUITY INVT DEPT. IT DEPT. Board Audit Committee FINANCE DEPT. ORG. DEV DIVISION STRATEGIC PLANNING DEPT. Board Risk Committee HUMAN RESOURCE DEPT. EPF TRAINING INSTITUTE INTERNAL AUDIT DEPT. RISK MANAGEMENT DEPT. EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 25 CORPORATE GOVERNANCE The EPF is the single largest institutional investor in Malaysia. EPF has ensured that the companies in which it has invested practice good Corporate Governance (CG): Establishing the Group Setting-up within EPF a dedicated unit to engage and monitor public-listed companies on CG issues : Minority Shareholder Watchdog • to attend and exercise proxy voting in companies’ AGM and EGM. • to collaborate with other institutional shareholders on CG issues detrimental to institutional shareholders. EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 26 CORPORATE GOVERNANCE Whilst advocating CG in companies the EPF invests, it is also crucial for the EPF itself to practice good CG. Good CG practices will ensure integrity, optimal performance and instill confidence of our stakeholders in EPF. In EPF, we have adopted CG practices as one of the key performance measures in our Balanced Scorecard. We have designed a CG Index to measure and monitor the implementation of good CG practices. EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 27 CORPORATE GOVERNANCE Corporate Governance Measure- CG Index The key components of the CG Index: Transparency Independence Accountability Focus Risk Management Regulatory Compliance Fairness Social Awareness Responsibility Environmental Responsibility EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 28 CORPORATE COVERNANCE STAKEHOLDERS COMMUNICATIONS 1. Dissemination of Annual Statement of Accounts to Members 2. Tabling of Annual Report in Parliament 3. Advertising Annual Report in the News Papers 4. Advertising Quarterly Performance Reports in the News Papers 5. Dialogue Sessions with Companies that the EPF holds Substantial Stocks EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 29 PRESENTATION ROADMAP Background Governance Investment Risk Management Challenges Way Forward Questions & Answers EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 30 INVESTMENT The Power of Board to Invest 1. The Board may subject to subsection 18 (2) of the EPF Act 1991 invest moneys belonging to the Fund in the following manner: (a) To be deposited in: Central Bank of Malaysia; Bank licensed under the Banking and Financial Institutions Act 1989 (Act 372); Any other financial intuition duly licensed under the Banking and Financial Institutions Act 1989 and approved by the Minister; EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 31 INVESTMENT The Power of Board to Invest (b) To be invested in: Shares of any public company listed on the stock exchange established in Malaysia; Debentures of any public company (c) To be invested in: Malaysian Government Securities (MGS), bonds, mortgage papers, commercial notes, banker’s acceptances, money market papers, private debt securities, and promissory notes. (d) To provide loans to Federal or State Government. EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 32 INVESTMENT The Power of Board to Invest 2. The Board with the approval of the Minister may invest the Fund’s moneys: a) Deposited in any bank or financial institution established by or under written law; b) Joint venture; c) Privatization programme; d) provide loans to any company incorporated under the Companies Act 1965; e) Investment outside Malaysia EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 33 INVESTMENT Growth of Asset from Year 1985 –2006 (in Ringgit Malaysia) 350 290.3 300 265.2 250 222.2 200 186.9 RM (million) 163.8 150 132.4 98.72 100 72.67 53.22 50 24.55 31.19 41.23 0 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2006 YEAR EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 34 INVESTMENT Asset Allocation MGS & Equivalent 39.5% Money Market Instruments 4% Loans & Bonds 9% Equity 3% Internal Equity (International) 1.1% Private Equity 0.05% Loans/bond 28.8% MGS & Equivalent 84% Equity External Managers 1985: USD 7.53 billion (Domestic) 3.1% Internal Equity (Domestic) 16.7% Over the years, EPF has expanded its investments from traditional assets being Government Bonds to risky assets.. Money Market Instruments 4% Fixed Income Managers 2% 6/2007: USD90.34 billion EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 35 INVESTMENT Managed In-House & Outsourced MGS & Internal Equity Private Equity Equivalent 39.5% (International) 1.1% 0.05% Outsourced 5.5% Loans/bond 28.8% In House 94.5% Equity External Managers (Domestic) 3.1% Internal Equity (Domestic) 16.7% Fixed Income Managers 2% Money Market Instruments 4% 6/2007: USD90.34 billion EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 36 INVESTMENT Governance EPF BOARD EPF ACT 1991 SECTION 18 - provides for the establishment of the Investment Panel and specifies its members SECTION 26 - confers powers to invest EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND MINISTRY OF FINANCE INVESTMENT PANEL MANAGEMENT INVESTMENT COMMITTEE INVESTMENT OPERATION 37 INVESTMENT Dividend Rates YEAR NOMINAL DIVIDEND RATE INFLATION RATE REAL DIVIDEND RATE 2006 5.15 3.60 1.55 2005 5.00 3.00 2.00 2004 4.75 1.40 3.35 2003 4.50 1.20 3.30 2002 4.25 1.80 2.45 2001 5.00 1.40 3.60 2000 6.00 1.60 4.40 1999 6.84 3.00 3.84 1998 6.70 5.30 1.40 EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 38 PRESENTATION ROADMAP Background Governance Investment Risk Management Challenges Way Forward Questions & Answers EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 39 RISK MANAGEMENT Enterprise Risk Framework Strategic Risk Credit Risk Market Risk Investment Risk Operational Risk Liquidity Risk Regulatory Risk Reputation Risk EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 40 RISK MANAGEMENT Risk Management in the EPF Increase risk awareness at all level of staff in order for them to effectively perform risk identification, measurement, control and on-going monitoring. Enable EPF’s BOD to comply with its organisational obligations and duties of care and diligence in accordance with the Malaysian Code on Corporate Governance (MICCG). Accountability, assurance and governance – Maintain integrity and confidence amongst EPF’s stakeholders and the public in general. EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 41 RISK MANAGEMENT Risk Management in the EPF Strengthening EPF’s competitive strategy and efficiency to increase long-term stakeholders’ value. operational Safeguarding assets and resources. Exploitation of opportunities. Improved planning, performance and effectiveness. Improved information for decision making. Minimise unexpected impact on earnings and returns to Members. Staff personal well-being. EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 42 Employees Provident Fund Assurance Framework Ministry of Finance Investment Panel Board Risk Management Committee Investment Panel Risk Committee Management Risk Committee Investment Risk Management Section Board of Directors Risk Management Department Management Operations Risk Committee Board Audit Committee Internal Audit External Audit Operational Risk Management Section EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 43 RISK MANAGEMENT Who manages risk? Board of Directors Provides oversight Board Risk Management Committee Approve risk management policies. Evaluate management of risks. “Big Picture” analysis of risk trends. Senior Management Manage and monitors risk Executive Committee Special Committee (MORC and MRC) to assist Senior Management monitors risk. Audit and Compliance Audit – Provide independent assurance. Compliance – Provides independent review. Risk Management Department Assist in setting policies and standards that reflect the risk appetite of the organisation. Business Units Responsible for owning and managing risk. Set and implement policy consistent with enterpriselevel policy. EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 44 RISK MANAGEMENT Who manages risk in business units? Risk scorecard owner • Responsible for risk management in department/state office/branches/section/unit. • To report effectiveness of risk management activities to MORC and/or BRMC. Risk owner • Responsible to manage assigned risk by ensuring effectiveness controls and to recommend new Management Action Plans (MAP) to mitigate risk. • Recommend risk rating to Risk Scorecard Owner. Control owner • Responsible to ensure effectiveness of control. • To report on control effectiveness to Risk owner. Management Action Plan (MAP) owner • To ensure MAP is carried out as planned to mitigate risk. • To report on MAP status to risk owner. Risk Champion • Coordinator and risk advisor. • Assist risk scorecard owner and ‘other owners’ on risk management. Individual staff • Aware about risk and risk management. • To highlight any new key risks to risk champion and/or risk scorecard owner. EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 45 RISK MANAGEMENT Key Success Factors 1. Full support from the Board, Investment Panel, CEO and Management. 2. Committed Risk Champion. 3. Competence and committed consultant. 4. Effective Project Management. 5. Risk Awareness Training and Facilitation Workshop. 6. Computerised System. 7. Organisation culture. EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 46 ENSURING IMPLEMENTATION AND ACCOUNTABILITY BALANCED SCORECARD- EPF CORPORATE STRATEGY MAP Common Obj F2: Effective Cost Management F1: Optimize Return P1 :: Continuous Improvements and innovations P2: Enhanced Customer/ Stakeholder Communication CS3:Enhance Policy input on Malaysia’s Retirement Scheme P3 : Enhance Strategic Alliances P4 : Employer Compliance P5 :Compliance To Risk Management Framework LEARNING & GROWTH DRIVERS INTERNAL PROCESS CS2:Practice good Corporate Governance Shared Obj. IPLANNED OUTCOMES CS1:Maximise Value for Customer FINANCIAL CUSTOMER/STAKE HOLDER Vision: To be a leading social security organisation in the world and the best government agency in Malaysia L1 Internalisation of corporate culture • Performance based • Knowledge sharing • Customer centric • Continuous innovation EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND L2: Enhanced Human Capital 47 PRESENTATION ROADMAP Background Governance Investment Risk Management Challenges Way Forward Questions & Answers EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 48 CHALLENGES 1. Adequacy of retirement savings a) Low savings – In 2006, average savings at age 54 for: Active members RM114,403 (USD 32,780) Inactive members RM 21,479 (USD 6,154) Male members RM 129,563 (USD 37,124) Female members RM 81,483 (USD 23,347) b) Increase in life expectancy (at birth) 2000 71.3 (M) 75.9 (F) 2006 71.4 (M) 76.0 (F) 2020 75.4 (M) 80.4 (F) 2. Method of withdrawal payments Lump sum : may use up money in a short period of time. EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 49 CHALLENGES 3. Health-care benefits not available during retirement. 4. Member changing retirement needs. 5. Changing of family support system (members may not get financial assistance from family during retirements). 6. Increasing size of fund. 7. Low interest rate regime. EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 50 PRESENTATION ROADMAP Background Governance Investment Risk Management Challenges Way Forward Questions & Answers EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 51 WAY FORWARD Enhance Customer Experience Adequacy and Coverage of Scheme Human Capital Development Technology Innovation Business Process Reengineering (BPR), Core System Replacement (CSR), EServices & Customer Delivery. Incremental Innovation On-going benefit and service improvements. (Revamping of the EPF benefit scheme at administration) Business Model Innovation New EPF Scheme for new members. New Venture Innovation Multi-pillar approach EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 52 PRESENTATION ROADMAP Background Governance Investment Risk Management Challenges Way Forward Questions & Answers EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 53 [email protected] EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND 54