Chapter Six: Accommodations

Chapter Six:
Accommodations
Cook: Tourism: The Business of Travel, 3rd edition (c) 2006 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 07458. All Rights Reserved
Learning Objectives
Explain the importance of accommodations to the tourism
industry
Identify and describe the major classifications of
accommodations
Identify and describe the primary ownership patterns of lodging
properties
Describe the basic organizational structures in lodging
properties
Describe the differences between front-of-the-house and backof-the-house operations
Identify and describe key marketing, management, and financial
considerations in lodging operations
Demonstrate knowledge of basic accommodation terminology
Cook: Tourism: The Business of Travel, 3rd edition (c) 2006 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 07458. All Rights Reserved
Brief History of Accommodations
Age-old profession
Started as way stations for travelers needing safe
shelter for the night
Evolved into local gathering places for meetings and
entertainment
Inns expanded in size and became hotels
Development in lodging facilities closely followed
improvements in transportation
Cook: Tourism: The Business of Travel, 3rd edition (c) 2006 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 07458. All Rights Reserved
Oh, So Many Choices
No two are exactly alike, Bed and Breakfasts (B&B),
Started in small towns and similar to early small inns
B&Bs exist worldwide-often supplement family income
Wide variety of B&B establishments
Referral organizations have evolved to assist B&B owners in
marketing
Internet has been effective in reservation booking
Personal attention and breakfast are major distinction
Cook: Tourism: The Business of Travel, 3rd edition (c) 2006 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 07458. All Rights Reserved
Same Time, Same Place?
Time-Share Condominiums:
Usually have amenities similar to a luxury apartment
Vacation ownership is appealing to people who can plan in advance
and want to be assured of accommodations at set times at specific
locations
Fee-simple or right-to-use basis
Flexibility to swap occupancy rights with other owners
Point system is new way to sell time-shares and make swapping
easier
Destinations and week of year vary in popularity
Condos in rental pools
Cook: Tourism: The Business of Travel, 3rd edition (c) 2006 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 07458. All Rights Reserved
Your Attention Please!
Conference Centers
Accommodations built to serve the needs of
meeting attendees
Service is designed to enhance the meeting
experience
Cook: Tourism: The Business of Travel, 3rd edition (c) 2006 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 07458. All Rights Reserved
Enjoying the Great Outdoors
Camping and RV Parks
Camping is no longer “roughing it”; often find
amenities similar to other forms of
accommodations
Add additional “rooms” during the tourist season
Shift the capital investment burden to the traveler
Cook: Tourism: The Business of Travel, 3rd edition (c) 2006 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 07458. All Rights Reserved
Brief History of Hotel
Development
Boston’s Tremont House, 1829, 1st Hotel
Brown Palace in Denver, 1892, 1st atrium
Statler Hotel,1908 added services and amenities
Great Depression resulted in 85% of hotels going
bankrupt
End of WWII gave rise to development of hotels
1990’s had a period of growth and high profits
Cook: Tourism: The Business of Travel, 3rd edition (c) 2006 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 07458. All Rights Reserved
Classification and Rating systems
Organizations such as American Hotel and Motel
Association have developed rating systems to clarify
the amenities and services at a type of lodging
property
Classification systems provide managers with
reference groups and benchmarks against which they
can evaluate performance
Best practices have been identified for a variety of
hotel operations
Cook: Tourism: The Business of Travel, 3rd edition (c) 2006 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 07458. All Rights Reserved
Seven Categories of Lodging
Properties
Limited-service budget hotels
Limited-service economy motels
Full-service mid-priced hotels and motels
Full-service upscale hotels
Luxury hotels
All-suite hotels
Extended-stay hotels
Cook: Tourism: The Business of Travel, 3rd edition (c) 2006 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 07458. All Rights Reserved
Organizing for successful
operations
Going it alone
Small independent properties, managed by owners
Not bound by corporate policies so have complete decisionmaking authority
No corporate support/resources
Franchising
Provide use of brand name, reservation system and
management systems from parent company in return for
royalties and fees
Franchisee gives up some decision-making freedom
Franchising in the lodging business is still rare in Europe and
Asia
Cook: Tourism: The Business of Travel, 3rd edition (c) 2006 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 07458. All Rights Reserved
Organizing for successful
operations, continued
Management Contracts
Owners of lodging property hire a company to
manage/operate the property
Management company receives percent of revenue as
compensation
Owners retain all financial obligations
Chain Operations
Chain operations have common ownership or management
Chains provide similar benefits as franchises
Cook: Tourism: The Business of Travel, 3rd edition (c) 2006 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 07458. All Rights Reserved
Organizing for successful
operations, continued
Strength in numbers: Referral associations
Referral organizations offer freedom of going it
alone plus some benefits of chains
Marketing, especially through central reservations
system and widely distributed member directory, is
the primary benefit
May also offer operational benefits such as
cooperative purchasing and training
Cook: Tourism: The Business of Travel, 3rd edition (c) 2006 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 07458. All Rights Reserved
It All Begins With Sales
Goal of sales is to attract future bookings
Variety of methods to gain sales
All employees are involved in the sales
process
Providing a Home Away From Home
Meeting Guest’s needs
Achieving profitable operations
Cook: Tourism: The Business of Travel, 3rd edition (c) 2006 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 07458. All Rights Reserved
Using Technology to Tie it All
Together
Property Management systems integrate all of
the information needed to manage
Need such systems for communication among
different functional areas
Enterprise systems further combine
information for multiple properties
Cook: Tourism: The Business of Travel, 3rd edition (c) 2006 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 07458. All Rights Reserved