Warm Up- Page 104

Warm Up- Page 104
1. What was the Industrial Revolution?
2. Where did it start and WHY?
3. What do you think will happen when England
runs out of natural resources?
4. List 3 positives and 3 negatives associated with
the Industrial Revolution
5. In your own words what is communism?
6. In your own words what is capitalism?
7. What is the point of labor unions?
8. Who wrote The Communist Manifesto?
9. Who wrote The Wealth of Nations?
10. What is suffrage?
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Warm Up- Pg. 108
• 1. What is imperialism?
• 2. List the major European countries
that were taking over other nations
• 3. Why did imperialism begin?
• 4. What was good about imperialism?
• 5. What was bad about imperialism?
• 6. What goods did Europeans want?
The Age of Imperialism
1850-1914
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1913
Industrialization=Imperialism
• Industrialization led to an increase
need for natural resources and
new markets to expand their
economies
• Industrial nations competed to
control Africa and Asia in order to
secure economic success
What is imperialism ?
• The takeover of a country or
territory by a stronger nation
with the intent of dominating
the political, economic and social
lives of the people of that nation
Africa
Africa before Imperialism
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Hundreds of ethic and linguistic groups
Traditional religious beliefs
Small nations- large empires
Late 1800’s Europeans only controlled
10% of Africa
• Steam boat allowed Europeans to drive
further inland
• Africans controlled their own trading
networks
Motives Driving Imperialism
• National Pride- nationalism
• Economic competition
amongst European nations
• Racism- Social Darwinism
• Christian Missionaries
Forces Enabling Imperialism
• European's technical superiority
• Maxim Gun
• Steam Engine
• Railroads and cables
• Medical Advancements
• Quinine
• Local wars
Maxim Gun
African Lands become European Colonies
• Berlin Conference 1884- any European
country could claim land in Africa by
notifying other nations and showing they
could control the land
• By 1914 only Liberia and Ethiopia
remained free
• Industrially produced goods flooded
colonial markets and displaced their
traditional industries
• Europeans wanted African resources:
peanuts, palm oil, cocoa , rubber, gold
and diamonds ( South Africa)
Forms of Imperialism
• 1. Colonies – A country governed
internally by a foreign power
• 2. Protectorate- A country or territory
with its own internal government but
under the control of an outside power
• 3. Spheres of Influences- An area in
which an outside power claims
exclusive investment or trading
privileges
• Managements- indirect or direct
Management Methods
DO NOT WRITE
Indirect Control
Direct Control
Local government officials Foreign officials brought
used
in
Limited self-rule
No self-rule
Goal- to develop future
leaders
Government based on
European styles but may
have local rules
Britain and US
Goal- Assimilation
Government institution
are based only on
European Styles
Other European nations-
African Resistance
• Alliances, if promised
independence
• With the exception of Ethiopia ,
almost all resistance movements
failed
• Long, long wars ( 50 years)
Impact of Colonial Rule
• Positive- reduced local warfare,
humanitarian efforts improved hospitals and
schools. Railroads, dams, telephone and
telegraph lines were made
• Negative
– lost control of land and independence
– New diseases
– Famines
– Traditional cultures were
destroyed
– Mines
Muslim lands fall
to Imperialist
Demands
Arab Power Weakening
• The Muslim lands that rimmed the
Mediterranean had largely been
claimed as a result of Arab and
Ottoman Conquests. Now Muslim
powers were weakening
Before
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AFTER
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Why the empire was weakening
• A series of weak leaders
• Nationalistic feelings =Greece
• Europeans wanted its strategic
location
• Military weakness
EGYPT
• After Napolean failed to win Egypt a
new leader emerged; Muhammad Ali
• Muhammad Ali wanted to modernize
Egypt
• Food Crops= Cash Crops=Money
• Muhammad's grandson. Isma’il
supported construction of the Suez
Canal
Suez Canal
• A man made cut though that connected
the Red Sea to the Mediterranean
• Opened in 1869 with a huge
international celebration
• It saved 2 weeks time and 4,000 miles
• Project was very expensive ( 450 million
dollar debt) for Egypt and soon Britain
stepped in to oversea financial control of
the canal
• 1882 Britain controlled Egypt
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Warm Up -112
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Find your new seats
1. What is imperialism?
2. List 5 motives for imperialism
3. Why was the Suez Canal important?
4. Why did Europeans want Africa and
Asia?
5. List 3 negatives and 3 positives for
imperialism
6. What is the difference between a colony,
a protectorate and a Sphere of Influence
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India
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Background
• In the 1600s Britain set up the East India
Trading Company
• At first, the Mughal Dynasty was able to
control foreign influences, however, the
Mughal Empire was collapsing
• Mughal Muslims and Indian Hindus did
not get along
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Britain expands Control over
India
• Beginning in 1757, Britain's East India Trading
Company became the leading power in India
• India was important to Britain because of its
enormous population ( 300 million)
• “Jewel in the Crown”- Britain's most important
colony
• Britain ruled India closely. India was only
allowed to buy British goods and produce goods
for Britain
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Impact of colonization
Positives
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Railroad network
Modern economy
Telephone and telegraph lines
Dams, bridges, irrigation
Increase in literacy
Impact of colonization
Negatives
• Britain restricted Indian-owned
industries
• Cash crops reduced food
production, causing famine
• Racists attitudes
India Rebels
• By 1850 the British controlled
most of the Indian subcontinent
and many Indians were unhappy
• People felt the British were trying
to convert them to Christianity
• Some rebellions were militaristic
and others were intellectual
Indians Rebel- Sepoy Rebellion
• As economic problems arose,
nationalistic feelings increased.
• In 1857 rumors started that the British
were starting to coat their bullets with
beef and pork fat
• In May 1857, Sepoys, or Indian soldiers
rebelled
• Fierce fighting erupted, however,
Indians were never able to unite and
defeat the British
• Britain tighten up its control over
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Indians Rebel-Modernization
• Early 1800 Indians began to
demand more modernization
and more independence
• Leader= Ram Mohum Roy“ Father of Modern India”
• No widow suicide
• No caste system
Raja Ram Mohun Roy Bahadoor
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Indian’s Rebel
• Nationalistic feelings increased
• 2 nationalist groups formed
• 1. Indian National Congress in 1885
• 2. Muslim League in 1906
• These groups rebelled, however,
they were still not able to take over
• Britain continued to rule India till
1947
South East Asia
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Dutch East India CompanyAgain
• In the early 1800s the Dutch East India
Company established control over most of
the 3,000 mile long chain of Indonesian
Islands
• Other European countries seeing the wealth
of these islands began to fight of control
• WHY= sugar cane, coffee, cocoa, rubber,
coconuts, bananas and pineapples
Dutch East Trading Company
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The French
• France controlled North
Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia
China
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China Resists Foreign Influence
• Historically China looked down on
foreigners
• In 1793, the Qing Dynasty agreed
to a English ambassador
• However, China was not interested
in the “strange gadgets” from the
West
• China remained Self-Sufficient
China and Trading
• China exported more than
they imported
• Britain wanted to find a product
China would buy
• Product=Opium
• Opium War- China lost and
lost Hong Kong to Britain
Opium
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Internal Problems Increase
• Population Increased and food production
remained the same
• Flooding
• Opium addiction increased
• China tried to reform and uprisings began
• China’s weak military technology and its
economic problems increased and
Europeans stepped in and slowly began
to control some of China’s trading
polices
Boxer Rebellion
• Widespread frustration finally erupted
• Poor peasants and workers were called Boxers
• Boxer Rebellion
– In 1900 the Boxers descended on Beijing shouting
“ Death to the foreign devils”
– Soldiers from Britain, France, Germany, Austria, Italy,
Russia, Japan and US step in and defeated the boxers
• China remained resistant to European ways ,
however, they opened up enough to try to reform
the country
Japan
Japan Modernizes
• In the 1600s Japan isolated
themselves from almost all contact
with other nations
• Peace and relative prosperity
reigned for two centuries
Japan Modernizes
• In the early 19th century ,
Westerners began trying to
convince the Japanese to open their
ports
• Japan at first was not wiling to
open up
• Treaty of Kanagwa 1854- opened
2 ports to US
Japan accepts many Western
Ideas
• German’s strong central
government
• British Navy
• American schools
Japanese Imperialism Grows
• Wanted to become an empire
• Taiwan
• Manchuria
• Korea
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