Quality Protein Maize(QPM)-Enhances Nutrition Security

Quality Protein Maize(QPM)-Enhances Nutrition Security

Quality Protein Maize(QPM)-Enhances Nutrition Security
Maize has a significant importance in the diets of rural Ethiopia and
presently penetrated into urban centres. Despite its increased
consumption, however, it is known to be of poor protein nutritional
quality. As a result, many chronically undernourished people live in
areas where maize is the staple food. This is of concern because the
conventional maize varieties are inefficient in two essential amino
acids, tryptophan and lysine, that people must get from food
because they cannot synthesize them. Protein malnutrition mostly
occurs among children where maize and other cereals dominate crop
production and consumption. Therefore, substituting the
conventional maize varieties with quality protein maize (QPM)
varieties would substantially improve the protein status and
greatly reduce the protein energy malnutrition problems. QPM
doubles the two limiting amino acids in maize making it approach
the protein nutritional quality of casein milk. It contains 90% the
protein quality of casein milk while the conventional varieties
contain 40% of it.
However, in many parts of the country, QPM
hybrids less adopted and remained unknown
while the varieties have comparable yield
performances with the conventional hybrid
varieties. Knowing this, the Haramaya university
CASCAPE project has introduced and tested
BH-661
QPM varieties along with the conventional ones
in order to address the problems of food and
nutrition security in Habro Woreda of West
Hararghe Zone. The project followed
participatory action research approach to
evaluate yield performances and farmers’
preferences for the varieties. As a result, after
intensive evaluation and pre-scaling activities,
BHQPY-545
one QPM variety (BHQPY-545) and one
conventional hybrid variety (BH-661) were selected for wider
scaling up in the Woreda. Both varieties produced higher grain yields
(> 8 tonnes ha-1) compared with other improved and local varieties.
Moreover, variety BHQPY-545 was preferred due to its tolerance to
moisture stress, higher number of ears (two - three) plant-1, and its
suitability for relay cropping with teff/chickpea and cropping in the
hedge rows of Khat. On the other hand, variety BH-661 was
preferred owing to its higher stover yield, which is an important feed
for livestock.
Nutritional importance of BHQPY-545 than common maize
It has a protein quality not only higher than that of common
maize, but also significantly higher than that of other cereal grains.
Compared with traditional maize types, QPM has twice the amount
of lysine and tryptophan, as well as protein bioavailability that rivals
milk casein. Therefore, QPM:
 improves nutritional status of individuals and alleviate the
protein energy malnutrition and significantly contribute to
better nutrition
 Helps to reduce nutrition related diseases, like anemia, pellagra
and significantly improve health
 Great stride in providing maize with better nutrition to the
resource-poor who cannot afford meat, milk and/egg in their
daily diet.
Type of foods produced from BHQPY-545
 Injera: fermented thin flat bread like honey comb,
 Bread: thick dough and ferment for about 4–6 hrs. Then the
dough is baked on a clay griddle.
 Nefro: boiled green cob or dry whole grain in a pot until it is
soft
 Kitta: mixed maize flour with water and baked, it is an
unfermented product.
 Roasted maize: green cob is roasted directly on the glowing fire
 Genfo (stiff porridge): mixed flour with boiling water and
cooked until it retains the right consistency and flavor
 Complementary foods with other locally grown crops for
infants and young children.
Who will be benefited?
 Pregnant and lactating mother
 Young children and adults
 Elders
Boqqoolloon Pirootiiniin Badhaadhe Furmaata Hanqina Nyaata Madaalawaati
Rakkoon hanqina nyaataa fi nyaata madaalawaa biyya Itiyoophiyaa
kana keessatti beekamaadha. Nyaata madaalawaa jechuun nyaata
gosa hundumaa kan humnaa fi ho’iinsa kennan, dhukkuba nama
irraa ittisan, jabina qaamaa fi sammuu eegan kan of-keessaa
qabu jechuudha. Harargee keessatti hanqinni nyaata madaalawaa
kan jabina qaamaa fi ijaarsa sammuuf fayyadan akkasumas
dhukkuba ittisan heddumminaan beekama. Keessumaa ammoo
nyaatni isaanii yeroo hedduu midhaan akka
boqqoolloo fi
mishingaa irratti
kan hundaa’eef
rakkoon hanqina nyaata
madaalamaa cimaadha. Rakkoo hanqina nyaataa fi nyaata
madaalawaa kana furuuf Haramayaa Yunivarsiitiitti projeektiin
CASCAPE gosa boqqoolloo foooyya’aa prootiiniin badhaadhe
(BHQPY-545) fi kan biros (BH-661) godina Harargee bahaa aanaa
Habroo
keessatti
qorachuun
bu’a-qabeessummaa
isaanii
mirkaneessee jira. Gosti boqqoolloo BHQPY-545 jedhamu kun gosa
prootiinii qaamni nama omishuu hin dandeenye laaysinii fi
triiptoofaan jedhamaniin kan badhaadhe yoo ta’u kunis pirootiinii
aannan keessatti argamu waliin yoo madaalamu 90% ta’a.
Gosti boqqoolloo BHQPY-545 fi BH-661 kunniin omishti isaanii
heektara tokkorraa kuntaala 80 yoo ta’u sababa adda addaatiin
qonnaan bulaadhaan baay’ee kan jaalatamanidha. Gosti BHQPY-545
dafee kan gahu, hanqina roobaa kan dandamatu, mataa lamaa hanga
sadii kan dhalu, shunburaa/xaafii jala facaasuuf akkasumas kataaraa
jimaa gidduutti omishuuf mijaawaa waan ta’eef qonnaan bulaadhaan
daran jaalatama. Gosti BH-661 ammoo omisha qaraa hedduu waan
qabuu fi waan miyaa’uuf qoonqoo looniitiif baay’ee
barbaadamaadha. Walumaagalatti, gosti BH-661 wabii nyaataa
mirkaneessuu fi hanqina qoonqoo loonii furuuf barbaachisaa yoo
ta’u gosti BHQPY-545 wabii nyaataarra darbee hanqina nyaata
madaalawaa furuuf gahee guddaa taphatu.
Gosti boqqoolloo BHQPY-545 qaama namaaf faayidaa addaa
maal qaba?
 Amiinoo asiidii qaama namaaf barbaachisaa ta’e garuu
qaamni namaa qopheessuu hindandeenye akkasumas midhaan
fi agadaa gosa biroo keessaa hin argamne of-keessaa qaba.
 nyaatni gosa boqqoolloo kana irraa qophaa’u dhibeewwan
/dhukkuba hanqina nyaata madaalawaa keessumaa kan
pirootiinii dhabuu irraa namatti dhufan ni dhorka
 Fayyummaa, cimina qaamaa fi sammuu daa’immanii
akkasumas kan ijoollee ijaaruuf faayidaa guddaa qaba
Gosa nyaataa boqqoolloo BHQPY-545 irraa qophaa’u
 Akkuma gosa boqqoolloo kan biroo affeelamuun akka
shummoo tti ni nyaatama
 Ibidda irratti waadamee ni nyaatama
 Goggoysanii daakuudhaan qofaa isaatti ykn daakuu midhaan
gosa biroo waliin nyaata daa’immanii (keessumaa baatii 6
hangaa waggaa lamaa kan jiraniif), dubartoota garaa
qabanii fi harma hoosisaniif bifa marqaa
yookiin
‘muuqiitiin’ yoo kenname faayidaa ol-aanaa qaba
 Biddeena,daabbo, qixxaa,shuuroo fi nyaata gosa biroo irraa
qopheessuun soorachuun ni danad’ama
Nyaata dabalataa daa’immaniif Boqqoolloo BHQPY-545 fi midhaan gosa biroo
irraaaraddaalee Bareedaa fi Harocarceritti daa’immaniif qophaa’e
For more information, please visit the website: www.cascape.info
Contact:
Dr. Nigussie Dechassa, Regional CASCAPE Coordinator,
E-mail: [email protected]; Tel. : +251(0)-255530324
Or
Dr. Mengistu Ketema, Regional Assistant CASCAPE coordinator,
E-mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +251(0)-911793180