Study Guide Answer Key

Study Guide Answer Key Chapter 29 1 chapter
Study Guide Answer Key
Learning Activities
1. c, b, e, i, f, g, j, d, h, a
2. Urinalysis
Ultrasonography
Intravenous pyelogram
Computed tomographic scan
Renal biopsy
Cytoscopy
3. a. True
b. True
c. True
d. False
e. True
4. hydronephrosis
5. Palpate gently below the umbilicus, moving
toward the symphysis pubis.
6. Urethra is shorter
Urethra is closer to anus
Wearing of nylon underwear
Use of bubble bath
Retention of urine
Vaginitis
Possible sexual abuse, especially if frequent
urinary tract infections
7. a. Urine culture and sensitivity showing bacterial growth in the urine
b. Separate urine specimen collected at same
time is usually analyzed with routine
urinalysis
c. Urinalysis results are usually available in a
few hours. Culture and sensitivity results
for urine specimens are usually available in
48 hours with final results available in 96
hours.
8. Broad-spectrum oral antibiotics
9. a. Edema
b. Eyes, ankles
10. proteinuria
11. Steroid therapy: oral prednisone
12. a. Pillow placed between the knees when the
child is lying on the side
b. Keep the child’s head elevated during the
day to reduce eyelid edema
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
29
c. Bathe the eyes to prevent accumulation of
exudates
a. Character
b. Odor
c. Color
d. Quantity
infection
Antigen–antibody; group A beta-hemolytic
Streptococci infection
a. Accurately record intake and output.
b. Frequently assess vital signs.
c. Observe for fatigue.
d. Prevent infection.
potassium
Kidney
a. Surgery
b. Radiation
c. Chemotherapy
Palpation of the abdomen is avoided.
a. False
b. True
Review Questions
1. Answer: 4
Rationale: The use of steroids is the treatment
of choice for nephrotic syndrome.
2. Answer: 1
Rationale: The risk of skin breakdown is
related to the edema and lowered body
defenses related to steroid therapy.
3. Answer: 4
Rationale: Treatment of hypospadias involves
surgical repair, which is usually performed
before 18 months of age.
4. Answer: 3
Rationale: The child is put on limited activity
until gross hematuria subsides.
5. Answer: 4
Rationale: The child with acute glomerulonephritis may develop hypertension.
6. Answer: 4
Rationale: The increased abdominal size may
not be noted unless the area is being palpated
during a physical exam.
Copyright © 2011 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
1
2 Study Guide Answer Key Chapter 29
7. Answer: 3
Rationale: Hypospadias is a congenital defect
in which the urinary meatus is located on the
lower shaft of the penis.
8. Answer: 4
Rationale: Wiping from front to back prevents
anal contamination.
9. Answer: 1
Rationale: Acute glomerulonephritis is thought
to be an antigen–antibody reaction to a group
A beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection.
10. Answer: 2
Rationale: Red blood cells give the urine a
smoky brown appearance.
11. Answer: 4
Rationale: The signs and symptoms between
infants and children vary in urinary infections. One sign of a UTI in a child is painful
urination.
12. Answer: 3
Rationale: A ureterostomy is the surgical
implantation of ureters to outside the abdominal wall, which allows urine to drain into a collection device.
13. Answer: 3
Rationale: Steroids mask the signs of infection.
14. Answer: 2
Rationale: The conversion from grams to milliliters is 1 g = 1 mL.
15. Answer: 2
Rationale: Because the treatment for nephrotic
syndrome is steroid therapy, the child will be
immune-suppressed and should not receive
live virus vaccines.
16. Answer: 3
Rationale: Hypertension must be reported to
prevent complications.
17. Answer: 2
Rationale: The minimum urine output for toddlers is 2–3 mL/kg/hr. A child weighing 27
pounds (approx. 12 kg) should have an hourly
urine output of 24–36 mL/hr.
18. Answer: 3
Rationale: Unnecessary handling of the abdomen is avoided because it can cause the tumor
to spread. Abdominal palpation is omitted.
19. Answer: 1
Rationale: Radiographic examination of the
bladder and urethra before and during urination is called voiding cystourethrography.
Crossword Puzzle
1
2
C R Y P
Y
3
V E
L
4
O
N
E
P
6
H
R
I
T
I
S
T O R C H I D I S M
S I C O S T O M Y
L I G U R I A
5
U
7
8
Y D R O N E P H R O S I S
G
E
Y
E
U
D
9
N
T
F R E Q U E N C Y
C
R
O
Y
O
C
P
E
10
E
A L B U M I N E M I A
N
E
I
A
Case Study
1. a. Assessments for infection are important
because steroids may mask the signs.
Observe temperature, for signs of infection
on various areas of the skin, and changes
in behavior that my indicate infection.
Report all suspicions promptly.
b. Verify the diet ordered to meet the requirements. Obtain Tucker’s usual preferences
from the parent or other caregiver who
accompanied him to the hospital. Plan
low salt foods in an appealing format for a
3-year-old who has a poor appetite. Spread
food choices over a day.
c. Explain to mother that changing Tucker’s
position is important to reduce the risk of
respiratory infection and reduce pressure
on edematous organs. Some positioning
should include head elevation.
Thinking Critically
1. Answers will vary.
2. Evaluating this exercise should include quality
and documentation of references used by the
student or group of students.
Applying Knowledge
Answers will vary.
Copyright © 2011 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.