Macromolecules Review ws Name the 6 main elements that make

Macromolecules Review ws
1. Name the 6 main elements that make up
95% of an organism.
C, H, N, O, P, S
2. What are macromolecules?
Large molecules containing many atoms
3. Name the 4 classes of macromolecules.
Carbs, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
4. Give 2 examples of nucleic acids.
DNA & RNA
5. What elements make up carbohydrates &
lipids (symbols)?
C, H, O
6. Macromolecules are also known as
organic.
7. If all the macromolecules are made mainly of
the elements CHO, how are they different?
They have different ratios, structures,
and properties
8. Name 2 ways your body uses carbohydrates.
Energy & structure
9. What are the subunits/monomers called that
make up carbohydrates?
monosaccharides
10. Name 3 monosaccharides.
Fructose, glucose, galacatose
11.Monosaccharides are also called
simple sugars
12. What are disaccharides & give an example?
2 monosaccharide - sucrose
13. Long chains of sugars are polysaccharides
.
Name three.
Cellulose, chitin, glycogen & starch
14. What subunits/monomers make up proteins?
Amino acids
15. What is the effect of excess temperature, pH,
or salinity on a protein?
Changes the shape (denaturing);
doesn’t function or function properly
16. Chains of amino acids make polypeptides
which can join together to make a protein.
17. Phosholipids makes up cell membranes.
18. Fats are made of an alcohol called glycerol
and three fatty acids chains. This
is known as a triglyceride
19. If there are all SINGLE bonds between
carbons in the fatty acid chain, then it is said
to be saturated
20. If there is a DOUBLE bond between carbons
in the fatty acid chain, then it is said to be
unsaturated
21.Nucleic acids carry genetic information in a
molecule called DNA or Deoxyribo nucleic
acid.
22. Nucleotides are the subunits making up
nucleic acid.
23. The 3 parts of a nucleotide are a 5 carbon
sugar , a phosphate, and a nitrogen base.
24. Give the symbols for the elements that make
up each of the following:
C, H, O carbohydrates C, H, N, O, P lipids
C, H, N, O, P DNA
C, H, N, O, P, S proteins
25. Name the function for each for each of the 4
classes of macromolecules.
Carbs – energy & structure
lipids – long-term energy; insulation; protection
Proteins – immune; muscle; transport among other functions
Nucleic acid –holds and transports genetic info
26. Name the subunits that make up each of the
macromolecules.
Carbs – monosaccharide
Lipids - none
Proteins – amino acids
Nucleic acids - nucleotides
27.Name the bonds found between amino acids in a
polypeptide chain. peptide
28. Explain the difference between a disaccharide and
a polysaccharide. Give an example of each.
Disaccharide – made of 2 monosaccharides
ex – table sugar, lactose
Polysaccharide – made of 3 or more monosaccharides
ex - glycogen, cellulose, chitin, starch