progressive list of forest invasive species present in papua new guinea

PROGRESSIVE LIST OF FOREST INVASIVE SPECIES PRESENT IN PAPUA NEW GUINEA
Robert Kiapranis & Roy Banka
PNG Forest Research Institute, P.O. Box 314, Lae, PNG
Scientific
Name
1
Common
Name
Origin
Introduction
Method
Yea
r
?
?
Likely
pathways of
spread
Animal
excretion,
feralpigs
Vectors
Distribution
Patterns
Animals
(Pigi
birds)
Enga Province border
with WHP
Rate of
Change
Major
Change
Threat
Level
?
?
Highlan
d areas
?
?
Nationa
l
Nationa
l
Passiflora
mollissima
P.tripartite
P.mirta
Rubus spp.
South
America
?
?
?
animals
birds
3
Rubus
moluccanus
?
?
?
Birds
dispersed
fruits
Lowlands to 1000m asl
?
?
4
Chromolaena
odorata
Eupatorium
odoratum
Leucaena
leucocephala
L.glauca
Mimosa invisa
M.diplotricha
Himalaya
through
Malaysia,
Australia,
Solom ons,
Fiji
Tropical
America
?
?
Wind
dispersed
seeds
wind
Common in lowlands
up to 1000m
?
?
Nationa
l
Rodents, birds
dispersed
seeds
Birds seeds
carried by
animals or on
clothing
Ornamental
nurseries
birds
Country wide
?
?
Nationa
l
widely distributed,
especially abundant in
lowlands
?
?
Nationa
l
?
?
?
Lowlands of PNG
?
?
Potentia
l
national
threat
Potentia
l
lowland
threat
national
ly
2
5
6
Lamantro
Laindrol
Tropical
America
?
?
Nil Grazil
Brazil
?
?
7
Clerodendro
quadriloculare
Philippine
s
?
?
8
Timonius
timon
Timer,
Moluccas,
N.Australi
a, New
Guinea,
Solomons
?
?
?
Commerc
ial
nurseries,
trades
Fruit bats,
birds
9
Spathodea
campanulata
Stik
Masis
West Africa
?`
?
Ornamentally
planted
Wind dispersed
seeds
Lowlands
of PNG,
recently
seen in
Simbu
(highlands)
Lowlands
to
highlands
?
?
Real
National
threat
10
Paraserianthes falcataria
Albizia falcataria
Adenanthera falacataria
Opisa
Marmar
Moluccas
New Guinea
?
?
Seeds dispersed by
birds
11
Tecoma stans
Tropical America
?
?
12
Tithonia diversifolia
?
?
13
Merremia diversifolia
Mexico and
Centeral America
Indo-pacific
Forestry
Plantings
Reforestation
projects, Coffe
Shade trees
Wind dispersed
seeds
?
?
?
National
?
?
?
National
seeds
?
?
?
National
?
?
?
?
?
?
National
?
Seeds and
rhizomes
?
Lowlands
up to lower
parts of the
highlands
of PNG
?
14
Imperata cylindrical
Kunai
gras
Old world
?
?
?
National
15
16
Clitoria ternate
Cebia petandra
Kapok
Tropical America
?
?
Seeds
germinate
quickly
Fruit bats
?
?
National
Tropical America
?
?
seed
Commonly planted
for shade
?
?
Tibouchina herbacea
South America
?
?
Seed
Ornamental
plantings
Widespread
in PNG,
especially
in lowlands
Common
in lowlands
of PNG
Common
in PNG
highlands
17
Samanea saman
Pithecellobium saman
Marmar
?
?
Africa
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
National
21
Cenchrus echinatus
`
?
?
seeds
PNG
highlands
Widespread
in PNG
Widespread
in PNG
?
Central America
Wind dispersed
seeds
Bird dispersed
wind
20
Melinis minutiflora
Panicum minutiflora
Lantana camara
Invasive
in PNG
lowlands
Potentially
invasive
in PNG
Highlands
National
18
19
?
?
National
Frugivorous birds
Deeds attach to
animals/clothings
very easily
22
Paspalum
conjugatum
Tropical
America
?
?
Seeds
23
Pennisetum
polystachyon
Misin
Grass
24
Pennisteum
purpureum
Bidens pilosa
Bidens alba
Elephant
Grass
Tropical
Africa to
India
Tropical
Africa
Tropical
America
?
?
Seeds
?
?
seeds
?
?
seeds
Wedelia
trilobata
Sphagneticola
trilobata
Senecia
mikanoides
Delairea
odorata
Allemanda
cathartica
Central
America
?
?
Seeds/vegetatively
?
South
Africa
?
?
seeds
Wind dispersed
seeds
Tropical
America
?
?
Cuttings/seeds
29
Thevetia
peruvina
Central
America
?
?
seeds
30
Mikania
micrantha
brugmansia
candida
Datura
candida
South
America
South
America
?
?
Seeds/vegetative
?
?
Vegetative/seeds
Ornamental
commercial
nurseries
Ornamental
nurseries/garden
and yard
planting is
common
Seed dispersed
by wind
Vegetative
25
26
27
28
31
Seeds cling on to
clothes/animal
fursetc
Wind dispersed
seeds
Widespread
in PNG
?
?
National
Widespread
in PNG
?
?
National
Wind dispersed
seeds
Animal
dispersed
Widespread
in PNG
Common in
PNG, in the
highlands
up to over
2000m asl
Widespread
throught
PNG
?
?
National
?
?
National
?
?
National
Present in
PNG
Highlands
?
?
Regional
Throught
PNG
?
?
National
Throught
PNG
?
?
National
Widespread
in PNG
Widespread
in PNG
?
?
National
?
?
Natioanl
32
Passiflora
foetida
South
America
?
?
seeds
33
Crotaria spp.
Pantropical?
Asian
?
?
seeds
34
Sida
rhombifolia
Pantropical
?
?
seeds
wind dispersed
seeds
35
Thunbergia
alata
Tropical
Africa
?
?
seeds
Wind dispersed
36
Stachytarpheta
urticaefolia
Tropical
America
?
?
?
?
37
Solanum
torvum
Piper
aduncum
Pantropical
?
?
seeds
Tropical
America
?
?
seeds
Bird dispersed
fruits
Bird dispersed
seeds
Tropical
America
?
?
seeds
38
39
Hyptis
pectinata
Wel daka
diwai
Edible fruits
dispersed by
animals/humans
Animal/wind
dispersed seeds
Wind dispersed
seeds
Common in
PNG
lowlands
A few
species
which are
Quite
widespread
in PNG
Widespread
in PNg,
different
species in
lowlands
and
highlands
Commonin
low
altitudes
Common in
low
altitudes to
about 2000
asl
Sea level to
2000m asl
Widespread
at low
altitudes,
but now
moving up
to the
highlands
past 1000m
asl
Common in
lowlands of
PNG, now
also found
in highland
areas past
1000m asl
?
?
Regional
?
?
National
?
?
National
?
?
Regional
?
?
National
?
?
National
?
?
National
?
?
Regional