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5
Density Practice: Worksheet #
Calculate density, and identity substances using a density chart.
Density is a measure of the amount of mass in a certain volume. This physical
property is often used to identify and classify substances. It is usually expressed in
grams per cubic centimeters, or g/cm3. The chart on the right lists the densities of
some common materials.
/\:
Density
Substance
Density
(g/cm3)
Gold
19.3
Mercury
13.5
Lead
11.4
Iron
7.87
Aluminum 3.7
Bone
1.7-2.0
Gasoline
0.66-0.69
Air (dry)
0.00119
/H\ mass or D - m
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Problem Statement
Sample: What is the density of a
billiard ball that has a volume of
1 00 cm3 and a mass of 250 g?
1 . A loaf of bread has a volume
of 2270 cm3 and a mass of 454 g.
What is the density of the bread?
Formula
D= m
V
>=-£
2. A block of wood has a density
of 0.6 g/cm3 and a volume of
1.2 cm . What is the mass of the
block of wood?
3. A 800g boulder has a density
of 8 g/cm3. What is the volume
of the boulder?
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Define Variables
M = 250g
V = 100cm3
7)
Substitution
D=
Answer
2.5 g/cm-'
250 g
100cm 5
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4. What is the mass of the block
of iron illustrated below?
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2 cm
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/ 5 cm
10cm
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Use the data below to calculate the density of each unknown substance. Then use the density chart above to
determine the identity of each substance.
Mass (g)
Substance
Volume
Density
D = m/v
(cm3)
(g/cm3)
Variable Substitutions
4725
Mercury
350
D - 4725
D=13.5
350
171
15
> rl-4
148
40
D-
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>
47 r
^
^
4o
475
250
-'
680
1000
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0-9.7
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Name:
Density Column
Density is a physical property of matter that can be calculated if the mass
and volume are known. The formula for density is: D=m/v. In the examples on
this page, mass is in grams. Liquid volume is in milliliters and the volume of
the solid objects is in cubic centimeters.
The following list contains information for four
liquids and two solid objects. Complete the density
table below by determining the density of each object.
•
a yellow liquid with a mass of 2.8 g and a volume of 2 mL
•
a green liquid with a mass of 6 g and a volume of 3 mL
•
a red liquid with a mass of 1.8 g and a volume of 2 mL
•
an orange liquid with a mass of 1.3 g and a volume of 1 mL
•
a blue cube with a mass of .8 g and a volume of 2 cm3
•
a pink star with a mass of 2.4 g and a volume of .8 cm3
Mass
Object
(g)
Volume
(mL or cm 3 )
yellow liquid
2.8
2
Density
(g/mL or
g/cm 3 )
1.4
green liquid
6
3
2
red liquid
1.8
2
.9
orange liquid
1.3
1
1.3
blue cube
.8
2
.4
pink star
Z.4
.8
3
1. Which liquid is the most dense? green liquid
2. Which liquid is the least dense? red liquid
3. Which object will settle to the bottom? pink star
Use colored pencils to sketch the liquid layers in the container
on the right. Add the two solid objects at the appropriate
I oca tions
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Identify the substance:
10.
a)
Use the data below to calculate the density of each
unknown substance,
b)
Then use the density chart on the right to determine the
identity of each substance. (SHOW ALL YOUR WORK)
Mass (g;
Volume (cm3)
4725
350
56
13.68 '
582
73.95
Density (g/cm3)
4725
350
= 13.5
. 7*7
87
852
275
44.14
Substance
Density (g/cm3)
Gold
19.3
Mercury
13,5
Lead
11.4
Iron
7.87
Aluminum
3.7
Bone
1.7-2.0
Gasoline
0.66-0.69
Dry Aii-
0.00119
Substance
Mercury
A student performs an experiment with three unknown fluids and obtains the following
measurements:
(Fluid A: m = 2060 g, V - 2000 mL
Fluid B: m = 672 g, V = 850 mL
Fluid C: m = 990 g, V = 1 100 mL
'
Draw how the fluids would be layered if they were combined in a beaker.
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Use your density skills to find the identity of the following mystery objects.
Table of Densities
Solids
Density g/cm3
Solids
Density g/cm3
Marble
2.56
Copper
8.92
Quartz
2.64
Gold
19.32
Diamond
3.52
Platinum
21.4
While digging in the backyard, you
find an old coin. Its mass is
26.76 g and its volume is 3 cm.
You think you have found a
diamond. Its mass is 5.28 g and its
volume is 2 cm3.
s
What is the coin made of?
_
What did you find?
You find a ring with a mass of
107 g. You fill a graduated cylinder
up with 10 mL of water and put the
ring into the cylinder. The water
rises up to the 15 mL mark. [/-
There is a block on your desk that
acts as a paperweight. Its
measurements are 3 cm by 4 cm by
6 cm. The block has a mass of
184.32 g.
7
What is the ring made of?
What is the block made of?