Halo Vale - Vale.com

Transcription

14
INTERNAL MAGAZINE
PT VALE INDONESIA Tbk
2015
Halo
Vale
1978
47 Tahun
Liat Menghadapi
Tantangan
Apprenticeship, Membuka Peluang Berkarya
Hasmawati, Memantau Kualitas Nikel
Vale Runners Menebar Virus Lari
1987
1996
2015
Editorial
Editorial
Pembaca yang budiman.
Dear readers,
Tahun ini, 2015, PT Vale genap berusia 47 tahun, dihitung
sejak penandatanganan Kontrak Karya PT International Nickel
Indonesia Tbk (PTI) tahun 1968. Sepanjang masa itu, Perusahaan mengalami banyak dinamika yang tidak mudah.
This year PT Vale will turn 47, dating back to the day when the
Contract of Work for PT International Nickel Indonesia Tbk (PTI)
was signed in 1968. During the period the company has faced
dynamics and challenges that were not easy to deal with.
Ambil misal, ketika Perusahaan—waktu itu masih PTI—memulai produksi komersial pertama tahun 1978, harga nikel
jatuh dan tidak membaik hingga hampir satu dasawarsa
kemudian. Pengoperasian pabrik, pengelolaan kehidupan
kota, dan pembiayaan 4.000 karyawan pun mengandalkan
dana dari perusahaan induk di Kanada. Hingga akhir 1986,
Perusahaan mengalami kerugian lebih dari 400 juta dollar AS.
Take an example the beginning of commercial production of
the company, then was PTI, in 1978, which saw the nickel price
falling and never rebound for the next decade. The operation
of plants, management of city and routine expense for 4,000
employees was covered using financial assistance from parent
cWWompany in Canada. As of the end of 1986, the company
suffered more than US$400 million in losses.
Menariknya, sebagai cara untuk bertahan, sepanjang 19821987 Perusahaan mampu menghemat biaya operasional
hingga 42%, hingga menempatkan diri sebagai produsen nikel berbiaya paling rendah di dunia. Berbagai upaya efisiensi
diambil, seperti menerapkan inovasi teknologi.
Interestingly, in an attempt to survive, in 1982-1987 the company managed to save operational costs by up to 42%, making
it the most efficient nickel producer in the world. Various efforts
to cut spending were made, such as by applying technology
innovation.
Membuka-buka kembali lembaran sejarah Perusahaan, muncul keyakinan bahwa kita telah terbiasa menghadapi tantangan seberat apapun. Usia 47 tahun menjadi bukti nyatanya.
Kita lolos dari berbagai ujian berat bukan karena kita paling
kuat, melainkan karena kita liat menghadapi tantangan.
Setiap elemen dalam Perusahaan pun senantiasa bergandeng
tangan ketika badai menghadang.
Looking back at the history of the company, we are confident
that we are used to enduring even the toughest challenge. The
age of 47 years old is the real evidence. We went through a series
of uphill tests not because we were the strongest, but because we
were resilient. Every element of the company has always worked
hand in hand when a storm stands in our way.
Pada semester kedua tahun ini kembali kita dihadapkan pada
rendahnya harga nikel di pasaran dunia. Dampaknya sangat
kita rasakan. Namun, seperti yang sudah-sudah, kita berharap
bisa keluar dari persoalan tersebut. Kita yakin, cepat atau
lambat, keseimbangan baru dalam industri tambang bakal
tercipta.
In the second semester of this year we are again facing a decline
in the nickel price in the world market. Its impacts have been
felt, but as happened in the past, we expect to escape from the
problem. We are confident sooner or later the new equilibrium in
the mining sector will emerge.
Pelindung/Patron: Board of Directors PT Vale Indonesia Tbk, Penasihat/Advisor: Basrie Kamba (Director of Communications & External Affairs),
Penanggung jawab/Editors in Chief: Teuku Mufizar Mahmud (GM Communications), Redaksi Pelaksana/ Managing Editor: Sihanto B. Bela, Redaksi/
Editors: Rohman Hidayat Yuliawan, Nala Dipa Alamsyah, Nuki Adiati, Maman Ashari, Wahyudi, Fotografer/Photographer: Doni Setiadi,
Desain & Tata Letak/Design & Layout: Azwar Marzuki, Alamat Redaksi/Address: Jl. Ternate No. 44 Sorowako, Kabupaten Luwu Timur,
Sulawesi Selatan, Telp. 021-5249100, Ext. 9628 & 3656, Fax. 021-5289587.
Redaksi Halo Vale menerima sumbangan naskah dari pembaca. Naskah ditulis dengan bahasa yang mudah dimengerti dan populer. Panjang naskah
maksimal satu setengah halaman kuarto, spasi satu setengah. Sertakan foto atau ilustrasi baik gambar maupun grafik jika diperlukan. Saran dan naskah
dikirimkan ke alamat email editor: [email protected] dan [email protected].
Readers are welcome to contribute articles for publication in Halo Vale. Articles should be written in prose that is easy to understand, with a line-space of
1.5 and a maximum length of 1.5 A4 pages. Include photos or illustrations, drawings or graphs, if necessary. Please send suggestions and articles to the
editor at [email protected] and [email protected].
Anda dapat mengunduh Halo Vale edisi digital (PDF) di vale.com/indonesia pada bagian Pers/Publikasi. Digital version of Halo Vale can be downloaded from
vale.com/indonesia on Press/Publication section.
2
H a l o Va l e 14 I Ta h un 2015
14
DAFTAR ISI/ CONT ENT S
INTERNAL
MAGAZIN
E
PT VALE INDO
NESIA Tbk
2015
Halo
Va l e
1978
47 Tahun
Liat Menghad
Tantangan api
Apprenticeship,
1987
Membuka Pelu
ang Berkarya
Hasmawati, Mem
antau Kualitas
Nikel
Vale Runners
Menebar Virus
Lari
1996
2015
Sejak berdiri 47 tahun lalu, PT Vale menghadapi
banyak tantangan. Dengan strategi jitu, perusahaan mampu menghadapinya dan tampil dengan
kesuksesan dan prestasi.
Since operational 47 years ago, PT Vale has been
facing myriad of challenges. With the right strategy, the company can overcome them and being
successful in business.
Cover Design : Azwar Marzuki
DAFTAR ISI CONTENTS
SURAT PEMBACA READERS’ LETTERS
LAPORAN UTAMA COVER STORY
3
4
47 Tahun: Pencapaian & Tantangan
5
47 Years: Achievement and Challenges
9
Hitler, Beni, dan Rumengan
Jejak Awal Eksplorasi
12
Hitler, Beni and Rumengan
Early Traces of Exploration
Opening Career Opportunity
44
Solusi Karyawan untuk
Menghemat Kas Perusahaan
46
Employee Solution to
Save Company’s Expenditure
48
Golden Rules PT Vale
PT Vale’s Golden Rules
ATMOSFER ATMOSPHERE
50
50
15
Mengatur Hujan Lewat TMC
52
Langkah Strategis Kembangkan Skala Bisnis
18
Control Rain through TMC
54
Strategic Steps to Develop Business Scale
22
Dari Kami Untuk Perusahaan
25
From Us for the Company
28
KINERJA PERFORMANCE
PROFIL PROFILE
Hasmawati Memantau Kualitas Nikel dari
Laboratorium
56
Hasmawati Monitoring Nickel Quality from
Laboratory
58
Pipa Baru untuk Alirkan HSFO
30
New Pipe to Distribute HSFO
32
Dari Inspeksi Kanal hingga Perbaikan Stator
34
Vale Runners, Menebar Virus Lari
60
From Canal Inspection to Stator Repair
36
Vale Runners, Spread the Running Virus
63
INTERAKSI INTERACTION
Fatality Prevention Program Memperkuat
Kontrol Bekerja Aman
38
Fatality Prevention Program Strengthening the
Control of Work Safety
40
Membuka Peluang untuk Berkarya
42
KOMUNITAS COMMUNITY
SEHAT SELAMAT HEALTH AND SAFETY
Mendengkur, Indikator Kegemukan
66
Snoring, Indicator of Obesity
68
KUIS
ZOOM IN
Tahun 2015 I H alo Vale 14
70
71
3
SURAT PEMB ACA / READE RS’ LET TERS
Rubrik baru
Mungkin sudah saatnya Halo Vale memperbarui konten dengan
membuat rubrik baru. Hal ini agar kontennya lebih kaya dan memberi wawasan lebih banyak bagi pembaca.
M a kmur S alam, Proce ss Pl ant S ampl e Ho u se
Usulan yang sama banyak kami terima dari pembaca. Namun banyak hal perlu
kami pertimbangkan. Kami berharap usulan Anda dan pembaca lain tersebut bisa
direalisir.
Foto lebih deskriptif
Halo redaksi. Menurut saya, tiap tulisan hendaknya didukung fotofoto yang lebih deskriptif, misalnya pada “Laporan Utama”. Maksud
saya, foto-foto tersebut mendukung informasi yang disampaikan
dalam tulisan. Misalnya, kegiatan Sorowako Community Volunteer
menggelar garage sale atau kegiatan donor darah di Sorowako dan
Makassar, akan lebih baik bila foto kegiatan tersebut ada. Terima
kasih.
R i s k a Rantelino, PT Wirat man
Akan menjadi perhatian kami untuk selanjutnya.
Lebih tebal
Saya salut pada Halo Vale yang tetap terbit, meski frekuensinya
tidak pasti. Menurut saya, majalah ini bisa lebih tebal isinya. Berita
juga bisa divariasikan dengan artikel-artikel non-aktivitas PT Vale
yang bermanfaat bagi karyawan, seperti rubrik “Sehat Selamat”
yang biasanya hanya satu artikel. Ke depan bisa diulas 2-3 artikel
setiap edisi.
Ar i s Tandi Ayu, SE S D e par t me nt
Halo Vale terbit dwi bulanan. Frekuensi terbit majalah saat ini, kami rasa cukup
mengakomodasi berita-berita perusahaan.
New Rubric
Perhaps the time has come for Halo Vale to innovate its contents by
creating a new rubric. This will enrich its contents and offer more
perspectives to the readers.
M a km u r S a l a m , Proce s s P la nt S a m p le Hous e
We have received such aspiration from the readers. However, there are still many
that we have to take into account. We hope you and other readers’ wishes will be
realized.
Photos should be more descriptive
Hello editor. I think any article should be supported by pictures that
are more descriptive, such as in the “Main Report”. What I mean is
the pictures support the information conveyed in the article. For example, reports of garage sale or blood donation activities conducted by Sorowako Community Volunteer in Sorowako and Makassar
will be more prominent if supported by pictures. Thank you.
R i s k a R a n te l i n o, P T Wi ratm a n
Will be our attentions on the next time.
Thicker copy
I salute Halo Vale which remains published, although its frequency is
uncertain. I think the magazine can be made thicker. The variety of
its news stories can be added with articles on non related-activities
of PT Vale that benefit employees, such as the column of “Healthy
and Safe” which normally only features one article. In the future it
can contain 2-3 articles per edition.
A r i s Ta n di Ay u, S E S D e p a r tm e nt
Halo Vale published in every two months. This publishing cycle is assumed to be
adequate for this moment.
Kirimkan kritik, saran, dan tanggapan Anda tentang Halo Vale ke internal.
[email protected] atau kirimkan surat ke DP 23B. Surat yang
dimuat akan mendapatkan suvenir menarik. Pengirim surat pembaca
yang dimuat, silahkan mengambil suvenir di Communications & External
Affairs Department pada hari dan jam kerja.
Send your opinion, comment and feedback about Halo Vale to internal.
[email protected] or letters to DP 23B. For each letter published
will receive a souvenir. For letter senders, kindly pick up your souvenir at
Communications & External Affairs Department during the days and working hour.
4
L AP O R AN UTAMA
Reduction Kiln, salah satu area di
pabrik pengolahan nikel PT Vale di
Sorowako.
47 Tahun:
Pencapaian dan Tantangan
Sejak beroperasi 47 tahun lalu, PT Vale menghadapi beragam
tantangan. Dengan strategi jitu, perusahaan justru mampu
melaluinya dengan kesuksesan dan catatan prestasi.
5
L A P OR A N UTA MA
Conveyor belt di Coal Mill PT Vale di
Sorowako. Fasilitas ini merupakan salah
satu proyek investasi PT Vale terbesar pada
abad ke-21 untuk melakukan konversi
bahan bakar ke batubara untuk energi
pendukung pabrik pengolahan nikel.
Akhir 2009 merupakan puncak anjloknya harga nikel dunia
akibat tingginya pasokan nikel ore di pasar dunia. Di sisi lain,
permintaan nikel dunia menyusut tajam akibat gejolak ekonomi global. Dampaknya juga dirasakan oleh PT Vale.
Disahkannya UU Nomor 4 Tahun 2009 tentang Pertambangan
Mineral dan Batubara juga mengubah peta industri pertambangan mineral di Indonesia dan pasokan nikel dunia. Beragam strategi penghematan biaya produksi pun dilakukan.
Salah satunya adalah dengan meningkatkan volume produksi
berbiaya ekonomis.
Sepanjang 2009 hingga 2014, PT Vale juga memprioritaskan
sejumlah proyek guna menghadapi tantangan yang ada. Sebut saja pembangunan PLTA Karebbe untuk menekan biaya
produksi, sekaligus memanfaatkan energi terbarukan dalam
aktivitas pengolahan nikel. Ada pula coal conversion project
guna mereduksi ongkos konsumsi bahan bakar HSFO yang
harganya kian meroket.
Sebenarnya, cobaan bisnis tahun 2009 itu bukan perkara
baru buat PT Vale. Sejak resmi beroperasi tahun 1978, situasi
global telah membelit keuangan perusahaan. Namun PT
Vale senantiasa berhasil mengambil langkah strategis dalam
menghadapi tantangan yang ada.
6
Pada dekade pertama PT Vale berproduksi (1978-1986), misalnya. Lonjakan harga minyak dunia dan tingginya investasi
pembangunan pabrik pengolahan di Sorowako telah menjadi
perhatian Perusahaan. Meroketnya harga minyak dunia sejak
1973 telah mengubah rencana perusahaan dalam pengembangan nikel laterit Sorowako. Dari semula diproyeksikan
hanya dibangun satu line pabrik pengolahan berkapasitas
15.000 metrik ton berubah menjadi tiga line pada akhir 1978
dengan kapasitas 40.000 metrik ton.
Namun investasi pembangunan pabrik dan area pendukung
senilai 850 juta dollar AS itu tidak diimbangi dengan membaiknya harga jual nikel dunia. Pencapaian perusahaan yang
telah menggali lebih dari 42.000 lubang, 2.000 sumur pengujian bijih, membuka lebih dari 1.600 kilometer jalan tambang,
dan memproduksi 40.000 metrik ton matte pada 1980 tidak
mampu menghindarkan perusahaan dari total kerugian hingga 416 juta dollar AS pada periode tersebut.
Belum cukup, usai pembangunan tahap pertama pabrik, Perusahaan mengalami kelebihan tenaga kerja. Ketika PT Vale—
yang pada waktu itu bernama PT Inco—memulai produksi
komersial pertamanya pada 1978, total tenaga kerja 3.126
orang. Sebanyak 226 orang adalah pekerja asing.
L AP O R AN UTAMA
Kebijakan untuk menekan biaya produksi baru dapat
direalisasikan pada periode 1980-1985, dengan melakukan
pengurangan tenaga kerja secara bertahap. Sepanjang kurun
waktu itu, pekerja asing dikurangi hingga sekitar 50% menjadi menjadi 100 orang, dan dilakukan rasionalisasi terhadap
2.000 tenaga kerja.
Rumengan Musu, salah satu pionir PT Vale yang menjabat
Vice President Operations pada 1980, dalam buku Inco, Mengalir di Tengah Gejolak Pertambangan (2003), menyebutkan,
“Para penambang nikel Sorowako harus menelan pil pahit
akibat harga komoditas yang terjun bebas. Selama sembilan
tahun berturut-turut, Inco dapat mengoperasikan tambang
dan pabrik pengolahan, mengelola kehidupan kota, serta
menjaga kesejahteraan 4.000 karyawannya murni dari suntikan dana perusahaan induk di Kanada. Dihadapkan dengan
krisis berkepanjangan, beberapa produsen nikel di belahan
dunia lain terpaksa menutup total kegiatan operasionalnya.”
Di lini produksi, siasat juga dilakukan dengan membuka area
tambang Blok Timur yang memiliki kadar nikel lebih rendah
dibanding Blok Barat untuk pertama kalinya pada akhir 1980.
Atas saran Departemen Pertambangan ketika itu, dengan
melakukan pencampuran bijih laterit Barat dan Timur, perusahaan dapat mengurangi biaya produksi karena perlambatan
kerusakan pada pelapis dinding tungku.
Ternyata langkah tersebut sangat tepat. Dalam hal waktu
pengerjaan, penambangan Blok Timur lebih efisien sepertiga
dibandingkan Blok Barat. Blok Timur juga menghasilkan 60%
bahan yang ditambang. Sedangkan Blok Barat hanya 30%.
Upaya perusahaan untuk dapat bertahan tidak berhenti
sampai di situ. Berbagai upaya lain juga diambil, mulai dari
menerapkan inovasi teknologi, pelatihan tenaga kerja lokal
untuk menggantikan peran konsultan ekspatriat, hingga
pengetatan biaya operasional. Dalam lima tahun, 1982-1987,
perusahaan mampu menghemat biaya operasional 42%,
sehingga menempatkan PT Vale sebagai produsen nikel dari
bijih laterit berbiaya paling rendah di dunia.
Misi meningkatkan kapasitas tenaga lokal diwujudkan
perusahaan dengan mendirikan Akademi Teknik Sorowako,
sebuah pusat pelatihan kejuruan teknik bagi pemuda lokal
hasil kerja sama Inco-Summitomo Training Centre pada 1991.
Keuangan perusahaan agak membaik setelah 20% saham
Inco dibeli Summitomo Metal Mining Company senilai 100
juta dollar AS pada 1988. Diikuti pelepasan 20% saham Inco
atau 49,7 juta lembar saham—dengan harga penawaran
Rp9.800 per saham—kepada publik pada Mei 1990.
Kestabilan finansial baru dirasakan PT Vale pada akhir dekade
1980-an. Setelah lebih dari satu dekade PT Vale beroperasi,
harga nikel dunia kian membaik. Naik lebih dari 400% dari
2 dollar AS per pon pada1987 menjadi 10 dollar AS per pon
pada 1988. Pada tahun yang sama perusahaan pertama kali
meraih keuntungan sebesar 1 juta dollar AS.
Dekade 1990-an
Pada dekade 1990-an, perusahaan baru dapat berfokus
pada realisasi perluasan pabrik tahap IV. Ditandai dengan
beroperasinya PLTD (pembangkit listrik tenaga diesel) 24
megawatt pada medio 1993. Instalasi ini merupakan bagian
dari penunjang PLTA Larona dan PLTU 28 megawatt guna meningkatkan produksi dari 80 juta pon nikel atau 36.000 metrik
ton menjadi 100 juta pon nikel atau 45.300 metrik ton. Target
produksi tersebut terealisasi pada 1996 atau tiga tahun sejak
beroperasinya PLTD.
Dibangun pula Dryer No 3, Furnace No 4, Kiln No 5, Converter No 4, dan PLTA Balambano, yang beroperasi pada 1999.
Semua pembangunan ini untuk memenuhi target produksi
sebesar 150 juta pon atau 68.039 metrik ton pada 2000. Meski
dalam kenyataan produksi meleset 30% di bawah target atau
hanya 130 juta pon (59.000 metrik ton).
Selanjutnya, meski terjadi gejolak politik dan reformasi di
Indonesia, kondisi finansial perusahaan ketika itu dapat
dikatakan solid. Seiring pertumbuhan finansial dan penandatanganan perubahan dan perpanjangan Kontrak Karya 1996
untuk 30 tahun ke depan hingga 2025, PT Vale merealisasikan
proyek peningkatan pengelolaan lingkungan area pabrik. Misalnya dengan pemasangan electro static presipiratator (ESP)
Berbagai upaya lain
juga diambil, mulai dari
menerapkan inovasi
teknologi, pelatihan tenaga
kerja lokal
7
L A P OR A N UTA MA
kedua serta penyedot debu bertenaga listrik seharga kurang
lebih 10 juta dollar AS di Dryer 1. ESP pertama, yang dipasang
tahun 1993, ditempatkan di Kiln No 4.
Fase ekspansi dekade 1990-an tersebut sedikitnya menelan
biaya investasi sebesar 105 juta dollar AS. Dengan angka tersebut, terhitung sejak awal beroperasi hingga akhir dekade
1990, PT Vale telah menginvestasikan sebesar 2,3 miliar dollar
AS untuk kegiatan operasi inti dan pendukungnya.
Harga nikel meroket
Memasuki millenium kedua, PT Vale melakukan beragam
upaya peningkatan kapasitas produksi. Termasuk kerja sama
lintas pelaku bisnis. Salah satunya adalah penandatanganan
kerja sama pengembangan wilayah Kontrak Karya di Sulawesi
Tenggara dengan PT Aneka Tambang pada Februari 2003.
Dalam kerja sama tersebut, perusahaan melakukan penambangan bijih saprolit (nikel kadar tinggi) di Pomalaa Timur
dan mengirimkannya ke PT Aneka Tambang untuk dilebur. Disebutkan dalam perjanjian, yang dimulai pertengahan 2005
hingga Juli 2008, volume pengiriman bijih saprolit sebanyak 1
juta ton per tahun.
Di sisi lain, dampak proyek perluasan pabrik tahap IV baru dirasakan pada 2004. Ditandai dengan pecahnya rekor produksi
dengan volume 159 juta pon atau 69.000 metrik ton. Angka
itu meningkatkan laba perusahaan sebesar 56% menjadi 263
juta dollar AS lantaran harga nikel dunia semakin kuat.
Usaha memperkuat volume produksi juga direalisasikan dengan membuka area penambangan bijih nikel di Petea pada
Oktober 2004. Area itu diprediksi mengandung 29 juta ton
cadangan nikel terbukti dan terduga berkadar 1,79% nikel.
Hingga 2005, perusahaan tercatat telah menambang 1,4 juta
ton bijih berkadar 1,75% dari area Petea.
Peningkatan signifikan laba dan volume produksi berlanjut
dari 2005 dan mencapai puncaknya pada 2007. Pada 2005,
rekor produksi kembali tercatat dengan perolehan sebesar
76.400 ton atau 168,4 juta pon nikel matte. Angka tersebut
meningkat dari 72.200 ton atau 159,1 juta pon pada 2004.
Ketika itu pula muncul rencana pembangunan PLTA Karebbe.
Pasar nikel kian bergairah. Tahun 2007, PT Vale kembali menuai berkah. Permintaan nikel dan material yang mengandung
nikel meningkat, khususnya dari AS dan Tiongkok. Sedangkan
pasokan nikel dunia dalam kondisi defisit. Ketika itu, permintaan baja nirkarat dunia meningkat 6%. Angka ini tertinggi
sepanjang 50 tahun terakhir.
8
Aliran Sungai Larona tampak dari PLTA Karrebe milik
PT Vale di Luwu Timur, Sulawesi Selatan. Pemanfaatan
sumber energi terbarukan upaya perusahaan untuk
operasi berkelanjutan dan ramah lingkungan.
Waktu itu Tiongkok sedang giat-giatnya memproduksi baja
nirkarat. Bahkan pada periode 2005-2008, Negeri Bambu ini
diprediksi menggenjot produksi baja nirkarat sebesar 800
ribu ton per tahun. Alhasil, angka penjualan perusahaan pada
2007 naik 51% menjadi 1,34 miliar dollar AS dengan volume
sebesar 76.748 metrik ton atau 169,2 juta pon.
Rekor baru ini sekaligus mendongkrak laba sebesar 92%
dengan 513 juta dollar AS. Harga per saham pun naik dua
kali lipat. Perolehan itu mengantarkan perusahaan berada
di peringkat 17 dari 50 daftar perusahaan Asia terbaik versi
Business Week.
Pencapaian tahun 2007 itu sebenarnya cukup unik. Pasalnya,
trafo tanur listrik pabrik sempat terbakar. Sementara curah
hujan di Sorowako sepanjang 2007 berada di titik terendah,
sehingga menyulitkan pasokan energi dari dua PLTA. Konsumsi HSFO juga meningkat tajam.
Tahun 2007 terjadi peralihan kepemilikan saham perusahaan dari Inco Limited kepada CVRD (Companhia Vale do Rio
Doce). Tiga tahun kemudian, 2010, Vale Inco mengumumkan
langkah berikutnya, yaitu mengubah nama menjadi Vale
pada Mei 2010. “Kehadiran Vale merupakan suatu tanda baik
bagi perusahaan. Vale memiliki visi menjadi perusahaan
tambang nomor satu di dunia,” kata Nico Kanter, Presiden
Direktur PT Vale Indonesia Tbk. Di Indonesia, nama PT Vale
Indonesia Tbk resmi dipakai sejak kuartal pertama 2012.
COVER S TO RY
47 Years:
Achievements
and
Challenges
Since established 47 years
ago, PT Vale has been
facing myriad of
challenges. With
the right strategy,
the company can overcome them
and being successful in business.
The end of 2009 was the ebb of the slump in world nickel
price as a result of the rising nickel ore stock in the market.
On the other hand the nickel demand was nose-diving due to
the global economic slowdown. PT Vale felt the pinch of the
crisis.
The enactment of Law No. 4/2009 on Minerals and Coal also
changed the map of the Indonesian mineral industry and
supply of nickel in the world. Various efficiency measures to
reduce production cost were taken, one of them was increasing the volume of production with economical cost.
Between 2009 and 2014, PT Vale prioritized a number of
projects in a bid to withstand the challenges. To name one
of them was construction of Karebee hydro-power plant to
curb production cost, as well as to utilize renewable energy
in its nickel processing activities. Another effort was the coal
conversion project that would reduce cost to buy HSFO which
was skyrocketing in price.
In fact, the tribulation in 2009 was not the first for PT Vale.
Since it started its operation in 1978, the global crisis had
entangled the company’s cash flow. But PT Vale has always
taken strategic moves in the face of challenges.
The first decade of PT Vale’s production phase (1978-1986)
is a case in point. World oil price hike and the expensive
investment to build a processing plant in Sorowako gave the
company a cause for concern. The skyrocketing oil price since
1973 forced the company to change its plan to develop its
laterite nickel mine in Sorowako.
Originally the company projected one line processing plant
with a capacity of 15,000 metric tons, but changed the plan
to three lines of processing plants with a total capacity of
40,000 metric tons in 1978. But the investment to build the
plant and its supporting area which was amounted to $850
million was not supported by recovery of nickel selling price.
The company’s achievement in digging more than 42,000
holes and 2,000 ore test pits, opening more than 1,600 km of
mine road, and producing 40,000 metric tons of nickel matte
in 1980 was not enough to evade the company from financial
losses which reached $416 million at that time.
The plight did not stop. After the first phase of plant construction the company experienced oversupply of manpower.
When PT Vale – then PT Inco – began commercial production
in 1978 it employed a total of 3,126 people, with 226 expatriates.
9
CO V ER STO RY
The production cost cut policy could only materialize in 19801985, through gradual dismissal of employees. During that
period the number of expatriates was halved into 100 and
rationalization was conducted on 2,000 local workers.
Rumengan Musu, one of PT Vale pioneers who held the post
of Vice President Operations in 1980, says in his book Inco,
Mengalir di Tengah Gejolak Pertambangan (Inco, Flowing in
the Mining Turmoil, 2003): “Nickel miners in Sorowako had to
swallow a bitter pill because of the commodity price’s free fall.
For nine years in a row Inco could operate its mine and processing plant, manage the city’s livelihood and maintain the
well-being of 4,000 employees purely from financial injection
from its parent company in Canada. In the face of prolonged
crisis a number of nickel producers in the other part of the
world were forced to completely stop their operation.”
In the production line the tactic was opening East Block
mining area, which had lower nickel grade than the West
Block mine, for the first time ever in 1980. Upon advice of the
Department of Mining, the company mixed laterite ores from
East and West Blocks to reduce production cost, thanks to
decelerating impairment process of furnace wall layer.
The move turned out to be right. In terms of working time,
East Block mining operation was one third more efficient than
that in West Block. Success rate in discovering raw minerals in
East Block reached 60%, as against 30% in West Block.
The company’s bid to survive did not end there. Various efforts were initiated, such as promoting technology innovation, training for local staff to take over the roles of expatriate
consultants and squeezing operational spending. Within five
years, 1982-1987, the company managed to slash 42 percent
off its operational cost, making PT Vale the nickel laterite
producer with the lowest cost in the world.
The company’s mission to develop the capacity of local human resources was realized by founding Sorowako Academy
of Engineering, a vocational training center for local youths, in
1991. The academy was set up in cooperation with Sumitomo.
The company’s financial health slightly improved after 20% of
its stake was acquired by Sumitomo Metal Mining Company
at a price of $100 million in 1988. It was followed by Inco’s release of another 20% of its stake or 49.7 million stocks, to the
public in May 1990. The stock was offered at Rp 9,000 each.
10
Karrebe Hydro Powerplant is one of
PT Vale’s efforts to have efficient cost
production.
Financial stability only arrived at the end of 1980s. After a decade of operation, the world nickel price rebounded. The price
climbed by five times from $2 per pound in 1987 to $10 per
pound in 1988. In the same year the company booked profit
for the first time at $1 million.
The decade of 1990s
Only in the decade of 1990s, could the company focus on its
fourth phase of plant expansion, which was marked with the
operation of its diesel fuel-fired power plant with a capacity of 24 Megawatts in 1993. The power installation was part
of support for Larona hydro-power plant and a steam-fired
power plant with a total capacity of 80 MW built to help the
company increase production from 80 million pounds or
36,000 metric tons a year to 100 million pounds or 45,300
metric tons. The target was reached in 1996, or three years
after the diesel fuel-fired power plant started its operation.
The company also built Dryer No. 3, Furnace No 4, Kiln No. 5,
Converter No. 4 and Balambano hydro-power plant, which
operated in 1999. All the new constructions were to help the
company meet its production target of 150 million pounds or
68,039 metric tons in 2000. In reality the production missed
Until 1990s, PT Vale
invested about $2.3
billion since it began its
operation in Indonesia.
COVER S TO RY
The company’s effort to strengthen its production volume
was also realized in the opening of nickel mining area in Petea
in October 2004. The mine was predicted to contain 29 million tons of proven and probable reserves with nickel grade of
1.79%. Until 2005 the company had extracted 1.4 million tons
of nickel ore in Petea.
The significant rise in profit and production volume continued in 2005 and peaked in 2007. In 2005, a new production
record of 76,400 metric tons or 168.4 million pounds was set.
In the previous year production stood at 72,200 metric tons or
159.1 million pounds. In the year 2004 the initiative to build
Karebbe hydro-power plant came to the fore.
the target by 30 percent with 130 million pounds or 59,000
metric tons.
Despite the political upheaval and reform in Indonesia, the
company’s financial stability was said to remain solid. In line
with its financial growth and amendment to its Contract of
Work 1996 for the following 30 years until 2025, PT Vale realized its project to improve the environment around its plant.
It included installation of the second electro static precipitator (ESP) and electric dust absorber in Dryer No. 1 worth a
total of $10 million. The first ESP, installed in 1993, is located
in Kiln No. 4.
Investment for the second phase of expansion in 1990s cost
the company $105 million. It means PT Vale has until 1990s
invested about $2.3 billion since it began its operation in
Indonesia.
Nickel price skyrockets
Going into the second millennium, PT Vale initiated various
measures to increase production capacity. They included
cooperation between business players. It happened when
PT Vale signed an agreement to develop its concession in
Southeast Sulawesi with state-owned mining company PT
Aneka Tambang in 2003. The agreement stipulates that PT
Vale exploits saprolite ores (high grade nickel) in East Pomalaa
and transported the products to PT Aneka Tambang smelter.
The cooperation lasted from mid-2005 to July 2008, with a
total volume of 1 million tons a year.
On the other hand, the fruits of the fourth plant construction project could only be harvested in 2004. The impact was
evinced in the record breaking production volume of 159 million pounds or 69,000 metric tons. The volume increase gave
a 56% rise to the company’s profit to $263 million, thanks to
the soaring nickel market price.
As the nickel market was robust PT Vale’s hard work paid off
again in 2007. Demand for nickel and materials containing
nickel climbed up, especially from the US and China. The
world nickel supply was deficient. At that time global demand
for corrosion-resistant steel jumped by 6%, the highest in the
last 50 years.
Then China was stepping up production of corrosion-resistant steel. In 2005-2008 the country was predicted to boost
production to 800,000 tons annually. As a result PT Vale’s
sales volume in 2007 rose by 51% to $1.34 billion with a total
production volume of 76,748 metric tons or 169.2 million
pounds.
The new mark also jacked up profit by 92% to $513 million.
PT Vale’s stock price doubled. The achievements catapulted
the company to the 17th place out of 50 Asian top companies
according to Business Week.
The achievement in 2007 was quite unforeseen, because it
came when a transformator inside one of its furnaces caught
fire and the rainfall rate in Sorowako reached the lowest level
so as to reduce significantly water supply for the two hydropower plants operated by the company. As a result consumption of HSFO to fire the power plants steeply increased.
The year 2007 marked a transfer of ownership from Inco
Limited to CVRD (Companhia Vale do Rio Doce). Three years
later Inco announced another decision, which was a change
in the company’s name into Vale in May 2010. “The presence of Vale is a good omen. Vale has a vision to becoming
the world’s number one mining company,” says Nico Kanter,
President Director of PT Vale Indonesia Tbk. In Indonesia, PT
Vale Indonesia Tbk brand has officially been used since the
first quarter of 2012.
11
L A P OR A N UTA MA
Beni Wahju (paling kanan) berada
di aliran Sungai Larona bersama
tim eksplorasi tahun 1966.
Hitler, Beni, dan Rumengan
Jejak Awal Eksplorasi
Potensi nikel Sorowako pertama kali dikuak pemerintah HindiaBelanda. Dua perusahaan milik Belanda pernah melakukan
pengeboran bijih laterit di Sorowako pada dekade 1940-an. Pada
dekade 1960-an, pemerintah Indonesia membentuk tim eksplorasi
guna memetakan kembali bijih nikel Sorowako. Bagaimana cerita
tim tersebut, yang punya peran penting sebagai pembuka operasi
Vale di Indonesia?
Medio 1966. Departemen Pertambangan Republik Indonesia
berniat meneruskan proyek pencarian potensi bijih laterit di
Sorowako. Data pemerintah, endapan nikel di Sulawesi Selatan dan Sulawesi Tenggara dinilai potensial, namun angka dan
lokasi persisnya belum valid.
perusahaan Biliton Maatschappij, sebuah perusahaan milik
Belanda yang memegang izin penambangan bijih timah
di Pulau Belitung dan bauksit di Pulau Bintan pada dekade
1940-an. Ditambah data milik geolog Inco Limited, Flat Elves,
tahun 1937, yang juga pernah menjejakkan kaki di Sorowako.
Data itu berasal dari warisan zaman Hindia Belanda. Tepatnya
zaman beroperasinya Oost Borneo Maatschappij (OBM) dan
Mijnbouw Maatschappij (MCC), dua perusahaan Belanda
yang telah mengeksplorasi potensi bijih laterit di Pomalaa,
Malili, dan daerah Danau Matano. MMC merupakan anak
Niat pemerintah tersebut akhirnya terialisir setelah Ir Chris
Situmorang, Kepala Biro Perencanaaan Direktorat Geologi
Departemen Pertambangan, memberi lampu hijau untuk
membentuk tim eksplorasi nikel Sorowako. Dia meminta
Hitler Singawinata memimpin ekspedisi. Permintaan itu juga
atas arahan Menteri Pertambangan Armunanto.
12
L AP O R AN UTAMA
Penunjukan Hitler bukan tanpa alasan yang kuat. Hitler
adalah satu dari segelintir putra Indonesia yang punya
pengalaman dan pengetahuan di pertambangan mineral dan
logam ketika itu. Insinyur tambang ini juga pernah bekerja di
MMC. Bahkan pada dekade 1950-an, Hitler pernah bertugas di daerah Luwu dan dipercaya sebagai Manajer Proyek
Tambang Nikel Malili. Proyek ini meninggalkan sumur-sumur
percobaan (test pit) dan mempekerjakan sekitar 2.000 buruh.
Misi eksplorasi kali ini lebih matang. Hitler tidak berangkat
sendirian. Dia mengajak “orang kepercayaannya”, Beni Wahyu,
seorang geolog senior dari Direktorat Geologi Departemen
Pertambangan yang juga teman kuliahnya di Institut Terknologi Bandung.
Itulah awal perjalanan ekspedisi bijih laterit Hitler Singawinata dan Beni Wahju, yang disebut-sebut sebagai perintis
PT Vale (sebelumnya bernama Inco). Ekspedisi itu sekaligus
untuk memastikan Indonesia memiliki 15% cadangan nikel
dunia.
Selain menyusuri pedalaman Sorowako, ekspedisi menjelajah
hingga Pomalaa, Lasusua, Lasolo, Kabaena, Latao di Sulawesi
Tenggara, dan Kolonedale di Sulawesi Tengah. Menghimpun
dan memastikan bijih nikel Sorowako potensial untuk ditambang bahkan diolah. “Perjalanan menuju Sorowako tidak mudah. Dari Malili mereka menyisir melalui aliran sungai untuk
bisa tiba di Karebbe. Meski hanya berjarak 9 kilometer, waktu
tempuh memakan waktu 3 jam,” ungkap Beni Wahju mengutip buku Inco, Mengalir di Tengah Gejolak Pertambangan.
Dalam perjalanannya, tim eksplorasi sempat berganti-ganti
anggota. Termasuk tambahan “napas” dari beberapa kolega.
Sebut saja Rumengan Musu, sarjana tambang lulusan ITB
1963 kelahiran Toraja. Musu merupakan eks pekerja Perusahaan Negara Aneka Tambang di Pomalaa. Ada pula nama-nama
geolog lain seperti Kosim Gandataruna, Anhar Singawinata,
dan Soeharto Wongsosentono.
Dua tim
Selama menjalankan misi, tim eksplorasi didukung banyak
pihak. Mulai dari Pangdam XIV Hasanuddin Brigjen Solihin GP
hingga Sudaryanto, Direktur Utama PT Semen Tonasa yang
rela meminjamkan mobil Jeep agar tim eksplorasi dapat masuk Sorowako. Mereka juga dibantu Perusahaan Negara Aerial
Survey (PENAS) dan Angkatan Udara untuk dapat mengakses
helikopter.
Secara teknis, tim eksplorasi dibagi menjadi dua tim. Tim
pertama, dipimpin Beni Wahju, masuk ke Sorowako. Sedangkan untuk area Sulawesi Tengah dan Tenggara, dipercayakan
kepada Rumengan Musu.
Dibekali satu helikopter, Rumengan Musu bersama tim masuk
ke Ranteangin, Sua-sua, lanjut ke Lapao-pao, Pomalaa, Kabaena, hingga Kendari. Tim juga melanjutkan perjalanan dengan
Di belakang Soeharto, secara berurutan dari kiri;
Menteri Pertambangan RI M. Sadli dan eksekutif
INCO Kanada Philip Jessup.
13
L A P OR A N UTA MA
helikopter hingga ke Lasolo. Termasuk memastikan catatan
zaman Belanda yang menyebutkan terdapat potensi nikel di
Pulau Bahubulu.
Perjalanan menuju Pulau Bahubulu menggunakan perahu.
Kelak, pulau itu menjadi area konsesi PT Aneka Tambang.
Selesai di Sulawesi Tenggara, perjalanan Musu berlanjut ke
Sulawesi Tengah. Di provinsi ini, dua tempat menjadi target
mereka, yakni Bahodopi dan Kolonedale, termasuk di bagian
utaranya, Tanjung Pangansari.
Kembali ke Sorowako. Meski memiliki kendaraan, tidak jarang
tim eksplorasi terpaksa menumpang truk pengangkut rotan
milik warga untuk dapat keluar masuk Sorowako-Malili.
Ditambah 600 kilometer bila mereka ingin menuju Ujung
Pandang (sekarang Makassar). Medan dan alam yang masih
perawan memberikan cobaan yang bertubi-tubi. Persoalan
persediaan logistik, sanitasi, dan minimnya istirahat, sempat
membuat Hitler menderita batu ginjal. “Benar-benar menyiksa. Selama 4,5 jam ginjal kiri saya dioperasi untuk mengeluarkan tiga batu ginjal,” kenang dia.
Selama di Sorowako, tim eksplorasi dipandu warga lokal
bernama Magani. Dia adalah salah seorang tokoh masyarakat
Sorowako yang pernah satu kantor dengan Hitler di MCC ketika beroperasi di Sorowako. Magani yang menunjukkan dan
mengenali tempat-tempat bijih nikel. Termasuk menyediakan
tempat tinggal bagi tim eksplorasi selama di Sorowako.
Tender internasional
Hampir dua tahun tim menjelajah. Data potensi nikel akhirnya terkumpul dan dibawa ke Jakarta. Pemerintah yakin
potensi nikel Sorowako merupakan peluang negara untuk
meraih posisi penting di sektor pertambangan dunia. Namun
ketika itu Indonesia dalam kondisi serba sulit. Keuangan negara terkuras, sumber daya manusia minim, dan penguasaan
teknologi tambang masih rendah.
Akhirnya pemerintah memutuskan membuka tender internasional untuk merealisasikan proyek eksploitasi tambang
nikel di Sorowako. Langkah awal yang dilakukan pemerintah
adalah menerbitkan UU No. 1/1967 tentang Penanaman
Modal Asing sekaligus merevisi undang-undang sebelumnya,
UU No. 78/1958.
Tahun yang sama, tepatnya 6 Mei 1967, pemerintah mengundang perusahaan-perusahaan internasional untuk mendorong pengembangan endapan laterit di Sorowako. Sebanyak
12 perusahaan tambang internasional ikut proses tender. Di
14
Perjalanan menuju
Sorowako tidak mudah.
Dari Malili mereka
menyisir aliran sungai
untuk bisa tiba di Karebbe.
Meski hanya berjarak 9
kilometer, waktu tempuh
mencapai 3 jam.
antaranya Societe Le Nickel (Prancis), MITI (Jepang), Kaisar
Alluminium dan US Steel (AS), serta Sherrit Gordon (Kanada). Termasuk Inco Limited, yang akhirnya tampil sebagai
pemenang tender lantaran dianggap paling berpengalaman.
Berdiri tahun 1902, Inco Limited pernah mengeksplorasi nikel
Sorowako.
Perusahaan ini selanjutnya membuka unit bisnis khusus
untuk proyek Sorowako bernama PT International Nickel
Indonesia pada 1968. Pada tahun yang sama, tepatnya 27 Juli,
Inco resmi memegang Kontrak Karya untuk menambang dan
memproses bijih nikel laterit di Sulawesi Selatan, Sulawesi
Tengah, dan Sulawesi Tenggara dengan luas konsesi 6,6 juta
hektar lebih dan berlaku 30 tahun.
Kerja marathon dimulai. Tahun 1969, Desa Sorowako pun
menggeliat. Penduduknya yang semula hanya 300 jiwa membengkak menjadi lebih dari 2.500 orang. Hitler Singawinata
kembali dipercaya menjadi Assisstant Managing Director
Inco. Sedangkan Musu ditunjuk sebagai Superintenden Eksplorasi. Tahun itu pula kegiatan pengeboran dimulai di area
Sorowako.
Dalam tempo setahun, sampel pertama bijih Sorowako
berhasil diambil. Sampel sebanyak 50 ton itu kemudian dikirim ke laboratorium Inco Limited di Port Colborne, Ontario,
Kanada. Hasilnya menyebutkan bijih nikel Sorowako berkadar
bagus dan dapat diolah.[]
COVER S TO RY
Hitler, Beni and Rumengan
Early Traces of Exploration
Nickel potentials in Sorowako were discovered by the Netherlands
East Indies government. Two Dutch companies drilled laterite ores
in Sorowako in 1940s. In 1960-an, the Indonesian government
formed an exploration team to re-map the nickel ore in Sorowako.
How did the team, which played a major role in opening the way for
Vale’s operation in Indonesia, work?
In mid-1966 the Indonesian Department of Mining intended
to carry on its project to find laterite ore potentials in Sorowako. The government data revealed that nickel sedimentation
in South Sulawesi and Southeast Sulawesi was potential but
the amount and site of the deposits were not valid yet.
The data was inherited from the Dutch colonial government,
precisely from Oost Borneo Maatschappij (OBM) and Mijnbouw Maatschappij (MCC), two Dutch companies which had
explored laterite ore potentials in Pomalaa, Malili and areas
surrounding Lake Matano. MMC was a subsidiary of Biliton
Maatschappij, a Dutch firm that held concession to mine tin
on Belitung Island and bauxite on Bintan Island in 1940s. An-
other data came from Inco Limited geologist, Flat Elves, who
set his feet in Sorowako in 1937.
The government’s plan was finally realized after Chris Situmorang, head of Planning Bureau at the Directorate of Geology,
the Department of Mining, gave a green light to formation of
a team to explore nickel deposits in Sorowako. He asked Hitler
Singawinata to lead the expedition, upon a directive from
Mining Minister Armunanto.
Hitler’s appointment was not without a strong reason. Hitler
is one of a few Indonesians who were experienced and
knowledgeable in mineral and metal mining at that time. The
Exploration activities in Sorowako
Block early 1980s.
15
CO V ER STO RY
lasted 3 hours,” Beni said in the book Inco, Mengalir di Tengah
Gejolak Pertambangan. (Inco, Flowing in the Mining Turmoil).
During the expedition the team changed members, including a number of colleagues who joined to allow the team to
breathe. They included Rumengan Musu, a mining engineer
who graduated from ITB in 1963 and a native of Toraja. Musu
used to work for PT Aneka Tambang in Pomalaa. Other geologists included Kosim Gandataruna, Anhar Singawinata and
Soeharto Wongsosentono.
Two teams
The team received support from many quarters during the
mission. From Hasanuddin Regional Military commander Brig.
Gen. Solihin GP to Sudaryanto, president director of state cement producer PT Semen Tonasa, let the team use their Jeeps
in order to reach Sorowako. The team was also assisted by
state aerial survey provider PENAS and the Air Force so as to
get access to helicopter.
Rumengan Musu. The photograph was taken in 1980.
mining engineer once worked for MMC. Even in 1950s Hitler
was assigned to Luwu and entrusted as the nickel mining project manager in Malili. The project left test pits and employed
about 2,000 workers.
This time around the exploration team was well-prepared.
Hitler was not alone. He brought along his “confidante”, Beni
Wahju, a senior geologist from the Directorate of Geology at
the Department of Mining, who was also his classmate at the
Bandung Institute of Technology (ITB).
That’s how the expedition team under Hitler Singawinata dan
Beni started to explore laterite ores. They are dubbed the pioneers of PT Vale (previously Inco). The expedition was aimed
to confirm reports that Indonesia held 15% of the world’s
nickel reserves.
Aside from trekking Sorowako hinterland, the expedition
team cruised up to Pomalaa, Lasusua, Lasolo, Kabaena, Latao
in Southeast Sulawesi and Kolonedale in Central Sulawesi.
They collected data and ensured that nickel ore in Sorowako
were worth mined and processed. “The journey to Sorowako
was not easy. From Malili they sailed along the river to reach
Karebbe. Although they were only 9 kilometers apart, the trip
16
For technical reasons the team was divided into two. The
first team, led Beni Wahju, entered Sorowako. For the areas
of Central and Southeat Sulawesi, the team was entrusted to
Rumengan Musu.
Equipped with a helicopter, Rumengan Musu and his team
traveled to Ranteangin, Sua-sua, Lapao-pao, Pomalaa, Kabaena up to Kendari. The team continued its flight to Lasolo
and reached Bahubulu Island to verify the Dutch documents
that said about nickel potentials there.
A boat took the team to Bahubulu Island. In the future the
island became part of PT Aneka Tambang’s concession. Upon
completing its incursion of Southeast Sulawesi, Musu and his
team moved to Central Sulawesi, where they visited Bahodopi
anf Kolonedale, including its northern territory of Tanjung
Pangansari.
Back in Sorowako. Although equipped with vehicles, the team
quite often had to hitchhike trucks carrying rattan belonging to local people in order to move between Sorowako and
Malili. They had to complete a 600 km route to reach Ujung
Pandang (now Makassar). The terrain and pristine nature gave
them trouble which came one after another.
The problems related to logistics supply, sanitation and lack
of sleep caused Hitler to suffer kidney stone. “It was really
tormenting. For 4.5 hours my left kidney underwent a surgery
to remove three kidney stones,” he recalled.
COVER S TO RY
During their stay in Sorowako the exploration team was
guided by a local named Magani. He was one of Sorowako
community figures who used to work in the same office as
Hitler in MMC when it was operating in Sorowako. It was
Magani who led the team to and help them recognize the
areas where nickel was found. He also provided housing to
the team during the exploration work in Sorowako.
International Tender
The team worked for almost two years. Data of nickel potential was finally collected and sent to Jakarta. The government
was sure the nickel reserves in Sorowako would give Indonesia an opportunity to raise to prominence in the mining
world. But Indonesia was enduring a difficult time then. The
state coffer was thinning, human resources were scarce and
mining technology proficiency level was low.
The government finally decided to offer the nickel mine in Sorowako through an international tender to realize the nickel
exploitation. The preliminary step the government took was
enacting Foreign Investment Law No. 1/1967, which revised
the previous Law No. 78/1958.
In the same year, precisely May 6, 1967, the government
invited international companies to develop laterite sediments
in Sorowako. A total of 12 multinational companies took part
in the bidding. Among them were Societe Le Nickel (France),
MITI (Jepang), Kaisar Alluminium and US Steel (United States),
Sherrit Gordon (Canada) and Inco Limited, which eventually
won the tender because it was deemed as the most experienced nickel producer. Founded in 1902, Inco Limited once
explored Sorowako nickel.
The winning bidder then established in 1968 a new business
unit dedicated to Sorowako project, which was called PT
International Nickel Indonesia. In the same year, precisely July
27, Inco officially was granted the Contract of Work to mine
and process laterite nickel ores in South Sulawesi, Central
Sulawesi and Southeast Sulawesi, with concession area
covering 6.6 million hectares. The contract was effective for
30 years.
Marathon works commenced. In 1969, Sorowako village woke
up. Its population which previously totaled only 300 suddenly
swelled to more than 2,500. Hitler Singawinata was named
Inco Assistant Managing Director, while Musu the Exploration Superintendent. In the same year drilling works began in
Sorowako.
Within a year the first samples of nickel ore were taken. A total
of 50 tons of samples were shipped to Inco Limited laboratory
in Port Colborne, Ontario, Canada. The test found the laterite
ore from Sorowako contained high grade of nickel and was
worth processing.[]
Exploration activities in Sorowako
Block, 1978.e
17
L A P OR A N UTA MA
Langkah Strategis
Kembangkan Skala Bisnis
Inilah inisiatif PT Vale sepanjang empat dekade dalam
mengembangkan unit usahanya.
Menjalankan bisnis di tengah ekonomi global yang fluktuatif
tentu menjadi tantangan tersendiri bagi perusahaan tambang dan produsen nikel seperti PT Vale. Perusahaan dituntut
untuk adaptif dan responsif menghadapi situasi.
18
Berikut inisiatif PT Vale sepanjang empat dekade terakhir
sebagai wujud komitmen perusahaan dalam memenuhi
regulasi pemerintah dan merespons isu global serta dunia
bisnis yang kompetitif.
L AP O R AN UTAMA
Pembangunan PLTA Larona
PLTD 24 megawatt
Pembangunan
PLTA pertama
PT Vale ini
bisa dikatakan sebagai
lompatan yang
mengubah
rencana bisnis
perusahaan.
Semua berawal dari meroketnya harga minyak dunia pada 1973. Situasi itu
berimbas pada membengkaknya biaya produksi perusahaan,
yang ketika itu hanya memiliki satu line produksi dan mengandalkan minyak dalam operasinya. Pembangunan PLTA Larona
yang berdaya 165 megawatt pada 1975 ini menyelamatkan
perusahaan dari ketergantungan pada minyak. Sekaligus
menyuplai energi bagi pengembangan pabrik pengolahan
menjadi tiga line. PLTA Larona beroperasi tahun 1978.
Medio 1993, PLTD berkapasitas 24 megawatt berhasil beroperasi. Fasilitas ini merupakan bagian dari penunjang PLTA
Larona dan PLTU berkapaitas 28 megawatt guna meningkatkan produksi dari 80 juta pon atau 36.000 metrik ton menjadi
100 juta pon nikel atau 45.300 metrik ton, yang berhasil
diraih pada tahun 1994. Konstruksi dan pengelolaan proyek
ini bernilai 23,2 juta dollar AS.
Konverter Pierce-Smith
Pada 10 Juli
1985 untuk
pertama
kalinya PT
Vale berhasil
memproduksi
matte bessemer (matte
dengan tingkat belerang
yang rendah) dengan menggunakan konverter Pierce-Smith.
Keberhasilan ini selanjutnya menjadi acuan pabrik pengolahan nikel PT Vale. Penggunaan teknologi ini terinspirasi dari
keberhasilan pengolahan nikel di Exmibal, Guatemala, dan
Thompson di Kanada. Alat inilah yang kemudian membawa
PT Vale berhasil meningkatkan produksi dari tahun ke tahun.
Karena efisien, dalam tahun kedua beroperasi, biaya investasi
konverter telah terbayar.
Proyek lini produksi keempat
Pasca-penandatanganan perubahan dan perpanjangan
Kontrak Karya dengan Pemerintah Indonesia pada 1996, PT
Vale memperluas dan meningkatkan kapasitas pabrik, yang
kemudian disebut proyek lini produksi keempat. Mega proyek
ini meliputi pembangunan Dryer 3, Furnace 4, Kiln 5, Converter 4. Termasuk PLTA Balambano yang berkapasitas rata-rata
110 megawatt. Dengan beroperasinya empat lini produksi di
fasilitas pengolahan bijih nikel ini, kapasitas produksi tahunan
PT Vale dapat ditingkatkan menjadi 68.039 metrik ton atau
150 juta pon nikel matte.
Instalasi ESP
Pembangunan instalasi
electrostatic
precipitator
(ESP) atau alat
penyedot debu
elektrik ini merupakan upaya
PT Vale untuk
meminimalisasi dampak lingkungan pabrik pengolahan bijih
nikel. Instalasi ini beroperasi sejak 2009.
ESP yang terpasang di kiln 1,2 & 3, berfungsi menekan kadar
gas SO2 menjadi 0,86 kg SO2 per 1 kg nikel. Jauh di bawah
ambang batas yang ditetapkan pemerintah, yakni 1,03 kg SO2
per 1 kg nikel. Investasi instalasi ini senilai 5,5 juta dollar AS.
19
L A P OR A N UTA MA
Empat tahun sebelumnya, 2005, perusahaan melakukan
pemasangan perangkat Bag House System pada Tanur Listrik
3 untuk mengurangi emisi debu, dan beroperasi sejak 2007.
Sejak pemasangan peralatan tersebut, tingkat emisi turun di
bawah 50 miligram per meter kubik, jauh dari standar yang
berlaku di Indonesia. Investasi Bag House System senilai 62
juta dollar AS.
Nursery Sorowako
Beroperasi sejak April
2006, pusat pembibitan tanaman ini
dibangun untuk menyuplai tanaman bagi
kegiatan rehabilitasi di
area pasca-tambang.
Memiliki kapasitas
produksi 300 ribu
bibit per siklus.
Fasilitas ini juga memproduksi pupuk hayati mikoriza dengan
kapasitas dua ton per tahun dan memproduksi 53 jenis
tanaman asli setempat hingga tanaman endemis Sulawesi.
Keberadaan fasilitas ini mengantarkan PT Vale sebagai salah
satu tolak ukur perusahaan tambang di Indonesia dalam
penerapan “Go Green Program” versi Kementerian Energi dan
Sumber Daya Mineral.
PLTA Karebbe
Proyek PLTA
Karebbe, yang
dimulai 1
Oktober 2007
dan beroperasi
Oktober 2011,
melibatkan
2.217 pekerja. PLTA ini,
yang menelan
investasi 410
juta dollar AS, mampu menghasilkan listrik dengan kapasitas
terpasang 90 megawatt. Dengan tambahan pasokan energi
listrik sebesar itu, produksi bijih nikel diharapkan meningkat
menjadi 120 ribu metrik ton dalam 5-10 tahun mendatang.
PLTA Karebbe sekaligus wujud komitmen perusahaan dalam
memanfaatkan energi bersih sebagai prioritas. PLTA Karebbe
mampu menekan emisi CO2 sebesar 90.000 ton per tahun
yang dihasilkan oleh PLTD.
20
L AP O R AN UTAMA
Konversi ke batubara
CSMS
Inisiatif proyek ini
muncul pada 2005
dan dilaksanakan
2010. Proyek ini
bertujuan menekan
biaya produksi, yakni
dengan menggantikan
penggunaan minyak
bakar berkadar sulfur
tinggi (high sulphur
fuel oil/HSFO) dengan batubara di tiga tanur pengeringan
(rotary dryer). Proyek terdiri atas dua bagian: pertama, fasilitas
penyimpanan dan alat distribusi batubara menuju pabrik
pengolahan (CTP Plant Site) dengan investasi senilai 23,5 juta
dollar AS. Kedua, fasilitas penyimpanan, transportasi, dan
bongkar muat di Pelabuhan Balantang (CTP Balantang) senilai
17,5 juta dollar AS.
Contractor Safety
Management
System (CSMS)
merupakan panduan pemeriksaan kepatutan
dan kelayakan
suatu perusahaan
kontraktor PT Vale
dalam mengikuti
kriteria standar kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja. Tujuannya
untuk melakukan kontrol, sekaligus menerapkan sistem
keselamatan kerja yang bersifat preventif. Program ini berlaku
sejak awal 2014. Penerapan CSMS sejalan dengan UU Nomor
1/1970 tentang Keselamatan Kerja dan regulasi terbaru pemerintah, yakni PP Nomor 50/2012 tentang Penerapan Sistem
Manajemen Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja.
Fase pertama proyek, yang beroperasi kuartal III 2013 di area
pabrik pengolahan, mampu menurunkan biaya produksi
lebih dari 100.000 dollar AS per hari. Angka itu hasil penurunan konsumsi HSFO dari sekitar 144.000 ton per tahun
menjadi 44.000 ton per tahun. Sedangkan konsumsi batubara
menjadi sekitar 160.000 ton per tahun. Dalam kuartal IV 2013,
konsumsi HSFO mampu ditekan hingga 28% dari triwulan
III 2013. Sedangkan CTP Balatang diproyeksikan beroperasi
pada 2016.
Proyek Effluent
LSP-P1
Sejak 2013 PT Vale
mendirikan Lembaga Sertifikasi
Profesi Pihak Pertama (LSP-P1) untuk
melakukan penilaian
kompetensi teknis
dan memberikan
pengakuan sertifikasi sesuai jabatan
karyawan. Lembaga ini berada di bawah koordinasi Badan
Nasional Sertifikasi Profesi (BNSP). PT Vale merupakan perusahaan tambang pertama yang memiliki LSP-P1 di Indonesia
dan dianggap sebagai tolok ukur kompetensi perusahaan di
sektor pertambangan. Hingga 2014, LSP telah mensertifikasi
476 karyawan kompeten.
Proyek ini merupakan bagian dari “6 Strategic Projects” PT
Vale pada 2014. Terdiri atas Pakalangkai Water Waste
Treatment dan instalasi
pengelolaan air limbah
berteknologi Lammela
Gravity Settler (LGS) di
Sorowako. Fasilitas senilai
4,3 juta dollar AS ini
berfungsi sebagai fasilitas
pengelolalan air limbah
pengolahan dan penambangan nikel. Pembangunan fasilitas ini juga
selaras dengan ketentuan
Peraturan Menteri
Lingkungan Hidup No. 9
Tahun 2006 tentang Baku
Mutu Air Limbah bagi
Usaha dan/atau Kegiatan
Penambangan Bijih Nikel
dan AMDAL 225 PT Vale
mengenai baku mutu air
limbah. Pakalangkai, yang
dirancang sejak 2008,
resmi beroperasi pada 13
Februari 2013. Sedangkan
LGS beroperasi pada
kuartal II 2015.[]
21
CO V ER STO RY
Strategic
Steps to
Develop
Business
Scale
Here are the initiatives of
PT Vale for four decades in
developing its business unit.
Running a business in the midst of fluctuating global economy is certainly a typical challenge for a mining and nickel
producing company like PT Vale. The company has to always
adapt and respond to any global issue and the competitive
business.
Larona hydro-power plant
Construction of PT Vale’s first hydro-power plant is regarded
as a leap forward that changed the company’s business plan.
All started from the skyrocketing world crude oil price in
1973. The situation gave a rise to the company’s production
cost, while at the same time it only own one business line
and depended on fuel to operate. The construction of Larona
hydro-power plant, which generated 165 Megawatts, in 1975
saved the company from oil dependence. The plant also supplied energy the company needed to develop its processing
plant into three lines. Larona power plant started operational
in 1978.
Pierce-Smith Converter
On July 10, 1985 for the first time ever PT Vale managed to
produce matte bessemer (matte with low sulfur grade) using
Pierce-Smith converter. The success was then adopted as a
reference for PT Vale nickel processing plants. Application of
the technology was inspred by the success of nickel processing in Exmibal, Guatemala, and Thompson in Canada. The
22
equipment would then help PT Vale increase production from
year to year. Due to its efficiency the investment to procure
the converter was paid off in the second year of its operation.
24 MW Diesel Fuel Power Plant
In mid-1993, a diesel fuel-fired power plant with a capacity of
24 Megawatts started operational. The facility is part of supporting units for Larona hydro-power plant and a steam-fired
power plant which altogether generate 28 MW of electricity.
Such capacity is expected to help PT Vale increase production
from 80 million pounds or 36,000 metric tons a year to 100
million pounds or 45,300 metric tons annually. The target was
reached in 1994. The construction and operation of the new
facility cost PT Vale $23.2 million.
The Fourth Production Line Project
Following the signing of amendment to and extension of PT
Vale’s Contract of Work with the Indonesian government in
1996, the company expanded and increased its plant’s capacity, which is called the fourth production line project. The
COVER S TO RY
megaproject consisted of
construction of Dryer 3, Furnace 4, Kiln 5 and Converter
4 as well as Balambano
hydro-power plant which
has a capacity of 110 MW.
The operation of the four
production lines in the nickel
processing plant has enabled
PT Vale to raise its annual
production to 68,039 metric
tons or 150 million pounds
of nickel matte.
ESP installation
Construction of an electrostatic precipitator (ESP)
installation was part of PT
Vale’s efforts to minimize the
impacts of nickel processing
activities on the environment. The installation has
operated since 2009.
ESP, which is installed in kiln
1,2 and 3, pressurizes sulfur
dioxide (SO2) to 0.86 kg per
1 kg nickel, far below the
threshold of 1.03 kg of SO2
per 1 kg nickel \set by the government. Investment for the
installation cost $5.5 million.
Karebbe hydro-power plant
The construction project of Karebbe hydro-power plant
kicked off on October 1, 2007 and began its operation in
October 2011. The project involved 2,217 workers and cost
the company $410 million. It generates 90 MW of electricity.
With such a big extra energy supply, nickel ore production
is expected to go up to 120,000 metric tons in the next 5-10
years. Karebbe power plant is also evidence of the company’s
commitment to utilizing clean energy as a priority. The power
plant reduces 90,000 tons of CO2 emissions a year as a result
of the diesel fuel-fired power plant.
Conversion to coal
The initiative for the project came in 2005 and was implemented in 2010. The project aimed to cut production cost by
changing consumption of high sulfur fuel oil (HSFO), which
was expensive, to coal in three rotary dryers. The project comprised two phases: the first was construction of a coal storage
facility and distribution equipment that connects the storage
to CTP plant site. The first project cost $23.5 million. Second
was construction of storage, transportation and loading/offloading facilities at Balantang port (CTP Balantang) which
cost $17.5 million.
Four years earlier or in 2005, the company installed a Bag
House System equipment in Electric Furnace No. 3 to reduce
dust emissions. It has operated since 2007. Since the operation
of the installation, dust emission level has plunged to below 50
milligram per meter cubic, far below the national standard. The
system cost Vale $62 million.
The first phase project, which began operational in the third
quarter of 2013 in the nickel processing plant area, enables the company to reduce production cost by more than
$100,000 a day. The efficiency is a result of declining consumption of HSFO from 144,000 tons a year to 44,000 tons.
Coal consumption increased to 160,000 tons per annum. In
the fourth quarter of 2013 the HSFO consumption was down
by up to 28% from the third quarter. CTP Balatang is projected to operate in 2016.
Sorowako Nursery
LSP-P1
Having operated since April 2006, the nursery was built to
supply plants to be used to rehabilitate post-mining areas. The
facility has a capacity of 300,000 seedlings per cycle.
Since 2013 PT Vale has run the First Party Profession
Certification Institute (LSP-P1) to conduct technical
competence appraisal and authorize certification for
employees according to their positions. The institute falls
under the coordination of the National Body for Profession
(BNSP). PT Vale is the first mining company in Indonesia that
owns LSP-P1 and is regarded as the benchmark of corporate
competence in the mining sector. Until 2014, LSP has certified
476 competent employees.
The facility also produces 2 tons of organic fertilizer mycorrhizae a year and 53 local and endemic Sulawesi plants. The nursery has pave d the way for PT Vale to become a model of mining operation in Indonesia in adhering to “Go Green Program”
mandated by the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources.
23
L A P OR A N UTA MA
3
1
2
7
4
5
8
6
9
1. Coal Convertion Project.
2. Balambano Hydro Power Plant
one of the fourth production line
project.
3. Sorowako Nursery.
4 & 5 Effluent Project.
6. Karebbe Hydro Power Plant.
7. Contractor Safety Management
System.
8. Pierce-Smith Converter in PT
Vale’s nickel processing plant.
9. Baghouse installation in Process
Plant.
10.First Party Profession
Certification Institute (LSP-P1).
10
CSMS
Effluent Project
Contractor Safety Management System (CSMS) is a guideline for “fit and proper” examination of PT Vale’s contractor
companies in their compliance with health and work safety
standards. The system is a mechanism to control and at the
same time apply preventive work safety scheme. The program
has been in place since early in 2014. Implementation of
CSMS is in line with Law No. 1/1970 on Work Safety and the
latest relevant government regulations, such as Government
Regulation No. 50/2012 on Application of Work Safety Management and Occupational Health.
The project was part of the “6 Strategic Projects” of PT Vale in
2014. It consisted of Palangkai Water Waste Treatment and
a high-tech waste water treatment installation, Lammela
Gravity Settler (LGS), in Sorowako. The $4.3 million facility
treats waste water from nickel mining and processing.
Construction of the facility follows Environment Minister
Regulation No. 9/2006 on Waste Water Quality Standard for
Nickel Ore Mining and/or Exploitation Activities and PT Vale
Environmental Impact Analysis 225 on waste water quality
standard. The Palangkai facility, which has been planned since
2008, officially started to operate on February 13, 2013. The
LGS began to operate in the second quarter of 2015.[]
24
L AP O R AN UTAMA
Dari Kami
untuk Perusahaan
Kesan karyawan PT Vale selama mereka
berkarir di perusahaan; kebanggaan dan
harapan untuk masa depan.
25
L A P OR A N UTA MA
PT Vale terus maju dan berkembang. Semoga sumber daya
manusia di perusahaan kelak
dapat menjadi nomor satu di
sektor pertambangan nasional dan
internasional.
Yugustin Posi, HR Department,
12 tahun bekerja
Saya bangga menjadi bagian dari
perusahaan besar dan memiliki visi
dan komitmen baik dalam menjalankan bisnisnya. Lingkungan kerja
kondusif, hubungan kerja antarkaryawan baik. Keep going with our
motto “Life Matters Most”.
Lusia Nicholet Dadur, Mining
Department, 9 tahun bekerja
Selama berkarier di PT Vale,
perusahaan dan rekan-rekan kerja
sangat mendukung pengembangan diri saya. Kami juga saling membimbing dan memberi dukungan
dalam peningkatan kapasitas,
baik melalui kegiatan formal dan
informal.
Syairuddin, Defense & Security
Services, 13 tahun bekerja
Saya bangga menjadi bagian
dari PT Vale, salah satu perusahaan tambang nikel terbesar di
dunia yang selalu mengutamakan
keselamatan pekerjanya. Semoga
semakin inovatif, sustain dalam
operasinya, dan mampu memenuhi harapan yang dititipkan pemilik
perusahaan, karyawan, pemerintah, dan masyarakat.
Abdul Rauf, Mine & Exploration
Departmen, 13 tahun bekerja
26
Kesuksesan PT Vale adalah kesuksesan seluruh karyawan, kontraktor, dan masyarakat. Semakin
produktif, semakin oke, dan nol
kecelakaan kerja. Saya bangga dan
senang bekerja di PT Vale. Harapan
saya, perusahaan semakin peduli
terhadap masyarakat dan lingkungan operasinya.
Irma, Environment, Health &
Safety Department, 9,5 tahun
bekerja
PT Vale yang saya rasakan adalah
perusahaan yang peduli kepada
kesejahteraan dan keselamatan
pekerjanya.
Sudiyono Ragil, Defense &
Security Services, 35 tahun
bekerja
L AP O R AN UTAMA
Saya senang dan bersyukur diberi kesempatan berkarier di sini. Lingkungan
kerja dan banyaknya pelatihan yang digelar menunjukkan PT Vale merupakan
perusahaan yang peduli pengembangan diri pekerjanya. Semoga menjadi
perusahaan tambang nomor satu di
dunia. Proud to be Vale.
Sitti Halipa, HR Department, 10
tahun bekerja
PT Vale sudah seperti rumah kedua
bagi saya, di mana saya bisa berkembang, berinteraksi sesama rekan kerja
untuk menciptakan kondisi lingkungan
kerja yang harmonis.
Rey Saputra, Utilities Department,
11 tahun bekerja
Hal yang membuat saya senang
bekerja di sini, PT Vale memperhatikan
keselamatan pekerjanya. Saya terkesan
dengan kepedulian PT Vale terhadap
kesejahteraan karyawan dan mendukung pengembangan masyarakat. Keep
moving and always rejoice whatever the
condition is.
Erny Lente, ETDS Department, 7
tahun bekerja
27
L A P OR A N UTA MA
From Us for the Company
PT Vale’s employees impressions
during their career; pride and hope
for the future.
As long as I have worked
in PT Vale, the company
and colleagues have
been supporting my career development. We also
guide each other and support
each other in building capacity,
either through formal or informal activities.
Syairuddin, Defense & Security Services, 13
years of service
Hopefully human resources
of the company will emerge
to be the number one in the
national and international
mining sector.
Yugustin Posi, HR
Department, 12 years of service
The successful of PT Vale is also successful to all
employees, contractors and the community. Hope
for more productivity, better performance and zero
occupational accident. I am proud of and happy
to work in PT Vale. I hope the company to
show more care for the society and its
surrounding environment.
Irma, Environment, Health &
Safety Department, 9.5 years of
service
I am proud of
becoming part
of a big company
that has a vision
and commitment
to good corporate
business practice. Working environment is conducive
and relations between employees
are okay here. Keep going with our
motto “Life Matter Most”.
Lusia Nicholet Dadur, Mining
Department, 9 years of service
28
PT Vale that I know is a company
that cares for well-being and safety
of its employees. More success and
advancement be with you.
Sudiyono Ragil, DSS, 35 years of
service
L AP O R AN UTAMA
I am proud of becoming part of PT Vale, one of the world’s largest nickel companies that
has always prioritized the safety of its employees. Hope for more innovative, sustainable
operation of the company so as to live up to expectations of the company stakeholders,
employees, the government and the community.
Abdul Rauf, Mine & Exploration Departmen, 13 years of service
I am happy and thankful to have been given an opportunity to build
career in here. The working environment and a plenty of training
that it has organized show that PT Vale is company that cares for
human resources development. Hopefully it will emerge as the
number one in the world. Proud to be Vale.
Sitti Halipa, HR Department, 10 years of service
PT Vale is like my second home, where I can develop myself, interact with fellow
employees to create a harmonious working environment.
Rey Saputra, Utilities Department, 11 years of service
Better achievements and success be with you.
One thing that makes me happy to work here is that PT Vale
cares about the safety of its employees. I am impressed by PT
Vale’s attention to the welfare of its employees and support
for community development. Keep moving and always rejoice
whatever the condition is.
Erny Lente, ETDS Department, 7 years of service
29
KIN E R J A
Pipa Baru
untuk
Alirkan HSFO
Proyek peremajaan pipa
bawah laut Mangkasa Point
berlangsung aman. Penyaluran
HSFO di Teluk Bone diharapkan
semakin lancar.
Peremajaan dan perbaikan alat merupakan agenda rutin
PT Vale untuk menjaga keamanan dan kinerja alat operasionalnya. Hal ini juga dilakukan terhadap pipa bawah laut
(submarine hose) di fasilitas penyimpanan HSFO (high sulphur
fuel oil) di Mangkasa Point, Teluk Bone, Kecamatan Malili, Sulawesi Selatan.
Berlangsung 15 hari dari pertengahan hingga akhir Maret
2015, kegiatan peremajaan dimaksudkan untuk mengoptimalkan kinerja pipa bawah laut dan menghindari kebocoran
minyak. Perbaikan terakhir pipa dilakukan tahun 2001.
HSFO merupakan salah satu bahan bakar pabrik pengolahan
nikel. Jutaan liter HSFO disalurkan dari kapal tanker ke pusat
penyimpanannya di Mangkasa Point. Kegiatan penyaluran ini
berlangsung tiap tiga minggu melalui pipa bawah laut.
Penggantian pipa HSFO
bawah laut di Mangkasa
Point, Teluk Bone, Malili,
Sulawesi Selatan. Pekerjaan
ini untuk meningkatkan
kinerja pipa dan menjaga
aspek keselamatan kerja dan
lingkungan.
30
Proyek peremajaan dan perbaikan submarine hose meliputi
dua pekerjaan utama. Pertama, penggantian semua pipa bawah laut. Termasuk penambahan satu pipa sehingga menjadi
tujuh pipa dengan panjang 63,98 meter. Dimaksudkan agar
fasilitas ini dapat digunakan untuk ukuran kapal tanker yang
lebih besar. Sebelumnya, pipa bawah laut terdiri atas enam
segmen pipa dengan panjang 54,84 meter.
Kedua, penambahan unit butterfly valve, alat yang berfungsi
sebagai katup isolasi (isolation valve) dan check valve pada
pipa bawah laut. “Penambahan isolation valve juga untuk
memudahkan penggantian pipa bawah laut selanjutnya. Tek-
KINER J A
nologi ini sekaligus memenuhi standar RAC (critical activity
requirements) PT Vale mengenai isolation and lockout,” ungkap
Abdul Jabar, Manajer Construction Planning & Equipment PT
Vale.
Proyek senilai 320 ribu dollar AS ini melibatkan multi-departemen, seperti Construction Services, Engineering Services,
Logistic sebagai Project Sponsor, Contract Administration
Services, Procurement, Communications and External Affairs,
Department Security Service, Support Services, Environment,
Health and Safety, serta Fire Emergency Services, didukung
kontraktor khusus untuk industrial diving, PT Prima Sub Sea.
Tantangan pengerjaan proyek ini, misalnya, meniadakan
kebocoran minyak di laut ketika mengangkat dan menurunkan pipa. “Lainnya adalah mengikuti ketentuan bekerja aman
di air. Intinya, harus mengikuti beberapa ketentuan mengenai
major hazard standards dan RAC,” tambah Abdul Jabar.
Menurut Gustaf Ganna Songgo, Manajer Mechanical & Civil
Central Engineering PT Vale, tantangan pekerjaan meliputi
beberapa hal. Mulai dari isu safety, di mana pekerjaan ini
melibatkan berbagai aktivitas yang berkaitan dengan critical
activity dan harus memenuhi ketentuan bekerja aman PT
Operator memantau pemasangan pipa bawah laut
dari ruang kontrol.(kiri)
Vale. Di antara critical activity tersebut berupa wilayah kerja
di kedalaman air 21 meter, penggunaan bahan berbahaya,
pengangkatan material, bekerja di ketinggian, dan isolasipenguncian (isolation & lockout-tagout).
Efisien dan aman
Aspek efisiensi juga menjadi fokus pengerjaan proyek ini.
Karena itu, tim melakukan sejumlah improvisasi dan improvement. Misalnya, pada pembongkaran dan pemasangan
submarine hose digunakan lifting equipment yang dirancang
dan diproduksi sendiri.
Sebelumnya, pekerjaan ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan
crane yang lebih mahal dan lebih berisiko. “Pekerjaan ini juga
dibatasi jadwal ketat, karena keterlambatan pasokan HSFO
bisa berdampak tersendatnya aktivitas di pabrik,” tambah
Gustaf.
Proyek dilanjutkan dengan uji coba (commissioning) awal April lalu dengan menyalurkan 18.000 ton HSFO dari tanker ke
tangki penyimpanan. Uji coba itu berlangsung sukses. Proyek
juga dinyatakan aman dari kecelakaan kerja dan tanpa terjadi
kebocoran minyak. “Pekerjaan rumah selanjutnya adalah
inspeksi berkala setahun dan enam tahun sekali. Termasuk
pengecekan sertifikatnya sehingga kita bisa mencegah oil
spill,” tutup Abdul Jabar.
Penyelam yang memasang pipa bawah laut.
(kanan)
31
PER FO R M A NCE
New Pipe
to Distribute
HSFO
Rejuvenation and repair is a routine agenda for PT Vale as
part of its efforts to ascertain safety and performance of its
operational equipment. The same happens to submarine hose
at the company’s high sulfur fuel oil (HSFO) storage facility in
Mangkasa Point, Bone Bay, Malili District in South Sulawesi.
The submarine hose
rejuvenation project in
Mangkasa Point has been safely
completed. Distribution of HSFO
in Bone Bay is expected to run
smoother.
HSFO is one of several fuels normally used to fire nickel
processing plant. Millions of liter of HSFO is distributed from
a tanker to the storage facility in Mangkasa Point. The activity
takes place every three weeks through the submarine hose.
The submarine hose
rejuvenation and
repair project is worth
US$320,000.
32
Lasting 15 days from mid to end of March 2015, the rejuvenation was aimed at giving a boost to the performance of
submarine hose and preventing oil leaks. The latest repair of
the facility took place in 2001.
The submarine hose rejuvenation and repair project consists
of two main works. First is replacement of the entire submarine hose. It includes extension of the hose with one more
pipe to make it seven pipes with a length of 63.98 meters
altogether. The extra pipe will
enable the facility to be connected to a bigger tanker.
Previously the submarine
hose comprised six segments of pipe with a total
length of 54.84 meters.
P ER FOR MA NCE
Avoid oil spill in the sea when lifting the submarine
hose is a challange this work.
Second is installation of a new unit of butterfly valve, which
serves as an isolation and check valve of the submarine hose.
“The additional isolation valve will also facilitate replacement
submarine hose in the future. The technology also suits the
RAC (critical activity registers) of PT Vale when it comes to
isolation and lockout,” Abdul Jabar, Construction Planning &
Equipment Manager of PT Vale.
The project, which is worth US$320,000, involved a number
of departments, such as Construction Services; Engineering
Services; Logistics as Project Sponsor; Contract Administration Services; Procurement; Communications and External
Affairs; Department Security Service; Support Services; Environment, Health and Safety; as well as Fire Emergency Services,
and was supported by special contractor for industrial diving,
PT Prima Sub Sea.
The challenges facing the project are, among others, how
to avoid oil spill in the sea when lifting and lowering the
submarine hose. “Other challenges include compliance with
the safety rule in the water. In short, we have to follow a set
of regulations concerning major hazard standards and RAC,”
Abdul Jabar says.
According to Gustaf Ganna Songgo, PT Vale Manager of
Mechanical & Civil Central Engineering, the challenges
concern several issues, such as safety, in which the project
involves various activities related deemed as critical so that
they have to abide by PT Vale’s work safety rule. Some of
the critical activities are working in the depth of 21 meters
below the sea level, the use of hazardous materials, lifting of
materials, working in the altitude and isolation & lockout-tagout.
Efficient and safe
The aspect of efficiency is another focus of the project execution. Therefore the team initiated improvisation and improvement efforts. For instance during the discharge and installation process submarine hose workers used lifting equipment
which they had designed and produced themselves.
In the past the activity involved a crane, which was more expensive and risky than their lifting equipment. “The work was
conducted under a strict schedule as well, because belated
supply of HSFO would impact on the activities in the plant,”
Gustaf says.
The project went ahead with commissioning early in April by
streaming 18,000 tons of HSFO from the tanker into the storage tank. The trial was a success. The project was regarded
as free from occupational accidents and oil spill. “Our next
homework is to conduct inspection every year and six years
regularly. The work includes examination of certificates so
that we can prevent oil spill,” Abdul Jabar says.
33
KIN E R J A
Dari Inspeksi Kanal
hingga Perbaikan Stator
Shut down PLTA berlangsung dari April hingga Mei 2015. Sejumlah
improvement dilakukan untuk hasil yang lebih baik.
Guna menjaga performa alat, PT Vale melakukan perawatan
dan perbaikan komponen di sejumlah area di sekitar aliran
sungai tiga PLTA—Larona, Balambano, dan Karebbe—di
Luwu Timur, Sulawesi Selatan, April 2015 lalu. Projek yang
disebut “Shut Down Hydro” ini melibatkan multi-departemen
dan sejumlah rekanan PT Vale. Proyek ini juga berlangsung
bersamaan dengan shut down di area pabrik pengolahan.
Perbaikan dimulai dari PLTA Karebbbe. Pekerjaan difokuskan
pada penggantian bushing dan sliding pad pada turbin, yang
berlangsung pada pekan pertama hingga kedua April 2015.
Pada dua pekan berikutnya, proyek dilanjutkan di PLTA Balambano dengan pengerjaan underwater groting. “Aktivitas ini
untuk melapisi beberapa kanal yang berlubang. Hal ini untuk
menjaga power dan konstruksi bendungan,” ungkap Yusri Yunus, Supervisor of Operation Hydro Plant. Penambalan kanal
bertujuan untuk menjaga kestabilan lereng kanal. Di area
PLTA Larona, kanal memiliki panjang 6,9 kilometer.
Sementara di PLTA Larona dilakukan pengangkatan rotor dan
stator pada generator. “Pekerjaan di Larona termasuk cukup
besar. Tim shut down hydro melakukan penyempurnaan
eksekusi (improvement) dan harus sejalan dengan regulasi
pengangkatan material (lifting regulation),” tambah Yusri.
Proyek shut down kali ini memang membuat sejumlah improvement di setiap area. Misalnya, pekerjaan underwater groting
di PLTA Balambano. Pada shut down sebelumnya, 2013, untuk
menambal kanal yang bocor diambil tindakan dengan melapisi concrete. Pada shut down kali ini, tim memutuskan untuk
menggunakan membran silikon kedap air terlebih dulu, baru
kemudian menggunakan concrete. “Upaya baru ini diambil karena metode tambal hanya dengan concrete dianggap kurang
maksimal,” tambah Yusri.
34
PLTA
Karebbe
Balambano
Larona
DUR ASI
PEN GER JAA N
Pengecekan sliding pad
2 hari
Penggantian bendungan
7 hari
Pengecekan & perbaikan tail
race
2 hari
Pengecekan dan inspeksi kanal
2 hari
Pembersihan generator dan
inspeksi kanal
-
Di Karebbe, improvement dilakukan pada penggantian sliding
pad yang mengatur volume air yang masuk. “Komponen
ini rentan aus, karena terus menerima air dan terus
bergerak. Dulu pemasangannya menggunakan lem, tapi
cuma bertahan 1,5 tahun. Kini kami tempuh dengan cara
memasang stopper dan dilas sehingga tidak bergerak dan
proses keausannya dapat ditunda. Masa pakainya menjadi
2-3 tahun,” ungkap Yusri.
Metode baru
Begitu pula dengan pengangkatan stator dan rotor di Larona.
Metode pengangkatannya kini menggunakan baut besar
yang lebih aman. Juga ada pemberlakukan area batas aman
untuk para awak dan pengurangan jumlah pekerja selama
aktivitas berlangsung. Sebelumnya, tahun 2008, pekerjaan
lifting material menggunakan sling.
Proyek shut down PLTA ini sejalan dengan Capital Project di
area Hydro yang akan berlangsung Agustus 2016. Proyek besar ini meliputi penggantian komponen krusial PLTA seperti
di Larona meliputi runner di unit 3, transformer di unit 3, dan
perkuatan desain bendungan terhadap gempa. []
KINER J A
35
PER FO R M A NCE
From Canal Inspection
to Stator Repair
The planned shut-down of hydro-power plants lasted from April to
May 2015. A number of improvements have been made for the sake
of better results.
In order to maintain performance of its equipment, PT Vale
carried out maintenance and repair works on components
in a number of areas along the three river that supply water
to its hydro-power plants —Larona, Balambano and Karebbe
— in East Luwu, South Sulawesi last April. The project, called
“Shut Down Hydro”, involved various departments and PT
Vale contractor partners. The project coincided with the shut
down in processing plant area.
The repair work began from Karebbbe power plant. It focused
on replacement of bushing and sliding pad on the turbine,
which took place in the first and second weeks of April 2015.
36
In the next two weeks, the project continued at Balambano
hydro-power plant with underwater grouting work. “The
activity is meant to fill holes on several channels. It is needed
to keep the power and construction of the dam,” says Yusri Yunus, Supervisor of Operation Hydro Plant. The channel overlay
project was aimed at keeping the channel’s slope stable. In
the area near Larona power plant each channel stretches 6.9
km in length.
In Larona hydro-power plant, workers lifted rotor and stator
on the generator. “The work in Larona was quite major. The
shut down hydro team improved its execution, which has to
comply with the lifting regulation,” says Yusri.
P ER FOR MA NCE
The shut down project this time around paved the way for
improvement in each area, such as in the underwater grouting work in Balambano power plant. In the previous shut
down project in 2013, the team overlaid the concrete to cope
with cracks in the channel. In this year’s shut down, the team
decided to use water-resistant silicon membrane before applying concrete. “We took the new approach because the old
method was deemed as giving a maximum result,” Yusri says,
In Karebbe, improvement was conducted on replacement of
sliding pad, which controls the volume of incoming water. “The
component is easily worn out because it constantly accepting
water and moving. In the past we used to apply glue, but it
only lasted 1.5 years. Now we install a stopper and weld it
so that it does not move and delay its worn-out process. Its
operational period extends to 2-3 years,” Yusri says.
Hyd ro-p owe r
plan t
Karebbe
Balambano
Larona
Acti viti es
Dur atio n
Checking of sliding pad
2 days
Replacement of dam
7 days
Checking & repair of tail race
2 days
Checking and inspection of
channel
2 days
Cleaning of generator and
channel inspection
New method
Such new method was adopted in the lifting of stator and
rotor in Larona. A big bolt is now used to lift the components
for safety reasons. Team also determined safe zone for
workers and reduced the number of workers during the
activity. In the 2008 project, the team lifted materials using
slings.
The hydro-power plant shut down project run in parallel
with the Capital Project in Hydro area which will take place
in August 2016. The big project will consist of replacement
of power plant crucial components, such as runner in unit
3, transformer in unit 3 and strengthening of the quakeresistant design of the dam in Larona power plant area.[]
37
INTE R A K S I
Fatality Prevention Program
Memperkuat Kontrol
Bekerja Aman
PT Vale melansir Fatality Prevention Program (FPP).
Program ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor
penyebab cedera kerja non-bahaya utama.
si prosedur kerja aman, sosialisasi
mekanisme baru, dan komitmen
kerja aman.
Identifikasi dan observasi aspek pekerja/
prosedur dan alat diharapkan dapat memberi informasi dan gambaran yang valid,
sehingga dapat ditentukan tindakan/kebijakan
yang tepat dan solutif. Semuanya akan dituangkan dalam papan monitoring identifikasi atau FPP
Dashboard Monitoring.
Workshop Fatality Prevention Program yang dihadiri
para pemimpin departemen di PT Vale.
PT Vale kembali menambah perangkat keselamatan kerjanya.
Kali ini melalui penerapan Fatality Prevention Program (FPP),
yang merupakan bagian dari program Vale Global. Program
ini, yang dilansir Maret 2015, bertujuan membangun budaya
bekerja aman, sekaligus mengurangi potensi kecelakaan di
lingkungan kerja PT Vale. Bertindak sebagai motor pelaksanaan adalah para L3, L2, dan L1 di masing-masing departemen. Dilaksanakan dalam beberapa tahap serta subjek yang
berbeda.
Pelaksanaan program dimulai dengan identifikasi dan observasi kondisi/tindakan yang menimbulkan kecelakaan kerja
atau cedera serius di masing-masing departemen. Sedangkan
subjek identifikasi dan observasi berupa aspek pekerja yang
kompeten dan sehat, prosedur kerja aman yang baik, dan alat
kerja yang aman dan bekerja baik. Selanjutnya dilakukan revi-
38
Papan monitoring sendiri dibagi dalam enam aspek
pelaksanaan, yakni Inspeksi dan Observasi, Komunikasi, Kesadaran, Pelatihan, Standar Prosedur Kerja
Aman, dan Tindak Lanjut Temuan. “Misalnya soal
alat. Perusahaan ingin mengetahui sebenar-benarnya kondisi
alat dan kendaraan sehingga bisa direncanakan berdasarkan
prioritas. Apakah perlu perbaikan, penggantian komponen,
atau malah pengadaan alat,” tambah Budiawansyah.
FPP bukan hanya mengindentifikasi kondisi atau tindakan
penyebab kematian kerja. Melainkan juga faktor-faktor yang
dapat menyebabkan cedera kerja serius dan pelbagai aktivitas atau situasi yang bukan merupakan bahaya utama (major
hazard).
“Jalanan berlubang atau lantai tidak tertutup yang dapat
membuat orang jatuh atau celaka, efektivitas penggunaan
bus oleh para karyawan, dan hal-hal detail lainnya seperti itu
merupakan poin-poin yang diidentifikasi FPP,” ungkap Manajer Environment, Health & Safety PT Vale, Budiawansyah.
IN TER AK SI
Dukungan pekerja
Implementasi FPP juga berlaku bagi
pekerja kontraktor. Namun, menurut Budiawansyah, dilakukan dengan pendekatan
berbeda dengan karyawan PT Vale. “Misalnya, kepada karyawan kontraktor yang
waktu kerjanya singkat. Tentu pendekatannya lebih ke pengawasan dan mendorong
mereka untuk melaksanakan budaya kerja
aman,” tambah dia.
Pelaksanaan FPP ditandai dengan workshop bagi
CEO, L3, dan L2 di dua lokasi. Pertama, di TAB Meeting
Hall pada akhir Maret 2015, dan kantor Vale Jakarta, awal
April 2015. Kegiatan dipandu Tim EHS bersama DuPont
Safety.
“FPP merupakan program untuk membangun budaya
kontrol keselamatan kerja yang akan memiliki perjalanan
panjang. Maka diperlukan dukungan seluruh pekerja,”
ujar Budiawansyah. Catatan, PT Vale mampu menurunkan
angka kecelakaan sebesar 38% sepanjang 2013-2014.[]
39
INTER ACTI O N
Fatality Prevention Program
Strengthening the Control of
Work Safety
PT Vale released Fatality Prevention Program (FPP). The program
aims to identify factors behind foremost non-dangerous
occupational injuries.
PT Vale has released yet another work safety scheme. This
time around it introduced Fatality Prevention Program (FPP),
which is part of its Vale Global program. The program, which
was launched in March 2015, is aimed at building a safe
work culture while minimizing the potential of occupational
accident within PT Vale operational area. The driving force
behind the implementation of the program are L3, L2 and
L1 in each department. The program is conducted in several
stages and cover different subjects.
Implementation of
the program began
with identification
and observation of
conditions/actions that
can trigger accidents
or serious injuries in
each department.
The subjects of
identification and
observation,
40
meanwhile, are manpower who is competent and healthy,
work procedure which is safe and sound, and good
work equipment. Then revision of safe work procedure,
familiarization of new mechanism and safe work commitment
can follow.
Identification and observation of manpower/procedure and
equipment is expected to provide valid information and
description, so that the right and solving actions/policies
can be found. All will be visualized in the
identification monitoring
board or FPP Dashboard
Monitoring.
The monitoring dashboard
is divided into six aspects
of implementation,
which are inspection
and observation,
communication,
awareness,
training,
safe work
I N TER ACT IO N
PT Vale’s Chief Operating Officer Josimar Pires giving speechess and
opening the Fatality Prevention Program workshop.
procedure standard, and follow-up of findings. “For example
concerning equipment, the company wants to know exactly
the condition of equipment and vehicles so that we can
arrange a plan based on priority: whether repair, component
replacement or procurement of equipment is needed,”
Budiawansyah says.
FPP not only identifies conditions or actions that are
responsible for fatalityities in workplaces, but also other
factors that can lead to serious occupational accidents and
other activities or situations that are not considered major
hazard.
“Potholes or uncovered floor that may cause people to fall or
get injured, effective use of bus by workers and other details
are issues that FPP normally identifies,” PT Vale Manager for
Environment, Health & Safety PT Vale, Budiawansyah, says.
Support from workers
Implementation of FPP also applies to contractors’ workers,
although according to Budiawansyah the mechanism works
under a different approach. “It is implemented differently
for example to a contractor’s workers whose work hours are
short. Of course the approach is heavy on supervision and
encouraging them to uphold safe work culture,” he says.
Implementation of FPP is typified with a workshop for CEO, L3,
and L2 in two places. The first was in TAB Meeting Hall at the
end of March 2015, and the second at PT Vale office in Jakarta
early in April 2015. Both activities were facilitated by the EHS
team and DuPont Safety.
“FPP is a program to build the culture of work safety control,
which will last long. Therefore it needs support from all workers,”
Budiawansyah says. Just for the record, PT Vale managed to
curb occupational accident rate by 38% in 2013-2014.[]
41
INTE R A K S I
Membuka Peluang
untuk Berkarya
PT Vale menggelar Apprenticeshipship Program untuk menjaring
tenaga kerja lokal muda guna dididik menjadi pekerja kompeten.
September 2015 diharapkan pesertanya mulai mengikuti pelatihan
dan praktik kerja.
Guna memenuhui kebutuhan personel untuk operasional
perusahaan, PT Vale membuka Apprenticeshipship Program
2015. Program ini bertujuan menjaring dan mempersiapkan
calon pekerja non-staf dari masyarakat lokal. PT Vale membutuhkan 103 orang untuk mengisi posisi operator, teknisi, ahli
kelistrikan, instrumen, mekanik, hingga petugas pemadam
42
kebakaran di Process Plant, OMIP, Maintenance System &
Utilities, Corporate Services, dan EHS. “Program ini bertujuan
untuk memperoleh calon pekerja yang memiliki kompetensi
sesuai bidang masing-masing, sehat secara mental dan fisik,”
ungkap Susanto Suprayitno, Workforce Plan and Recruitment
PT Vale.
IN TER AK SI
Antusiasme warga ternyata cukup tinggi pada program ini.
Tercatat, sebanyak 3.386 orang melamar. Mereka bukan
hanya berasal dari empat kecamatan wilayah pemberdayaan
PT Vale—Malili, Wasuponda, Towuti, Nuha—tapi juga dari
kecamatan lainnya di Kabupaten Luwu Timur, seperti Angkona,
Burau, Kalena, Mangkutana, Tomoni, Tomoni Timur, dan Wotu.
Program sesuai dengan kesepakatan Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Luwu Timur dan 11 camat di Kabupaten Luwu Timur soal
cakupan calon peserta. Serta ketentuan Permenaker No. 22
Tahun 2009, usia minimal calon Apprenticeship yakni 18 tahun.
Hal ini bertujuan agar nantinya calon Apprenticeship yang diterima memiliki masa kerja yang panjang di perusahaan.
Pos isi yan g Dib utu hka n
Pos isi
Dep art em en
No
35
Process Plant
Operator
2
OMIP
Teknisi
1
Maintenance
System & Utilities
Mekanik
3
9
Ahli kelistrikan
4
Maintenance
System & Utilities
7
Maintenance
System & Utilities
Instrumen
5
6
Maintenance
System & Utilities
Mekanik
6
2
Maintenance
System & Utilities
Operator Utilities
7
2
8
Maintenance
System & Utilities
Operator
alat berat
9
Corporate Services
Operator Trailer
5
EHS
Petugas Damkar
(Fire Fighter)
15
TOTAL
Selanjutnya, para peserta akan mengikuti program ini selama
12 bulan dengan rasio belajar teori 25% dan praktik 75%.
Juga diikuti evaluasi berkala tiap 3 bulan sekali. Peserta
Apprenticeship yang lolos pada tahap evaluasi kerja 12 bulan
nantinya baru direkrut sebagai pekerja tetap di PT Vale. []
Jum lah
1
10
Seleksi program yang dimulai sejak akhir Juni 2015, terdiri
atas pemeriksaan berkas, tes logika dasar, tes fisik, wawancara, dan pemeriksaan kesehatan dengan sistem gugur.
Diharapkan akhir September 2015, nama-nama pendaftar
yang lolos seleksi akan diumumkan dan mulai mengikuti
penandatanganan kontrak dan serangkaian pelatihan teknis
dan non-teknis.
21
103
Suasana tes tulis dan tes fisik peserta Apprenticeship PT Vale
2015. Sebanyak 3.386 aplikasi lamaran masuk ke meja panitia.
43
INTER ACTI O N
Opening Career Opportunity
PT Vale holds Apprenticeship Program to select local young
manpower who will be educated to become competent employees.
In September participants of the program are expected to start
training and practicing their skills.
Pos itio ns req uire d
No
Dep artm ent
Pos itio ns
Num ber
1
Process Plant
Operator
35
2
OMIP
Technician
1
3
Maintenance
System & Utilities
Mechanic
9
4
Maintenance
System & Utilities
Electrician
7
5
Maintenance
System & Utilities
Instrumentalist
6
6
Maintenance
System & Utilities
Mechanic
2
7
Maintenance
System & Utilities
Utilities operator
2
8
Maintenance
System & Utilities
Heavy
equipment
operator
21
9
Corporate
Services
Trailer operator
5
10
EHS
Fire fighter
15
103
TOTAL
44
To meet the demand for personnel for daily operations, PT
Vale opened the Apprenticeship Program 2015. This program
is aimed at recruiting and preparing prospective non-staff
employees from the local community. PT Vale needs 103
people to fill the positions of operator, technician, electrician,
instrumentalist, mechanic, as well as fire fighters in the Process Plant, OMIP, Maintenance System & Utilities, Corporate
Services, and EHS. “The program is intended to recruit prospective workers who are competent in their respective fields,
and healthy physically and mentally,” said Susanto Suprayitno,
Workforce Plan and Recruitment of PT Vale.
People’s enthusiasm turned out to be high. As many as 3,386
people submitted their applications. They came not only
from the four districts under PT Vale empowerment program
— Malili, Wasuponda, Towuti and Nuha, but also from other
districts across East Luwu regency, like Angkona, Burau,
Kalena, Mangkutana, Tomoni, East Tomoni and Wotu.
I N TER ACT IO N
The program is in line with the agreement the company
signed with the East Luwu regional government and 11
district chiefs across the regency concerning participants of
the Apprenticeship program. In accordance with Manpower
Minister Regulation No. 22/2009, participants of the program
must be aged at least 18 years old. The reason is if admitted
the Apprenticeships will have a long career in the company.
Selection of the program participants began at the end of
June 2015, which consisted of document screening, basic
logic test, physical test, interview and health check. The
selection adopted a knock-out system. Hopefully by the end
of September 2015, selected participants will be announced
and sign contracts and start undergoing a series of technical
and non-technical training.
The participants will then take a 12-month program with the
ratio of theoretical learning and practice of 25 percent and
75 percent. There will be a regular evaluation every three
months. Qualified Apprenticeships who pass the 12-month
program will be recruited as PT Vale permanent employees.[]
PT Vale’s Apprenticeship Program physical and psycology test on Ontaeluwu
Hall and Persesos Football Field in Sorowako. The program is intended to recruit
prospective workers who are competent.
45
INTE R A K S I
Solusi Karyawan untuk
Menghemat Kas Perusahaan
Tim Departemen MEM dan Departemen Support Service memenangi
Kontes Ide Penghematan.
Kontes ide penghematan yang digulirkan manajemen PT Vale
akhirnya menetapkan dua juara akhir Juli 2015 lalu. Ide pertama adalah “Reverse Bushing Dozer” dari Tim MEM, dan kedua
adalah “Fabricate Corner Shroud Bucket” dari Tim Support
Service.
Kedua ide tersebut disaring dari 42 ide yang masuk dari berbagai departemen di PT Vale kepada Komite Kontes Ide Penghematan. Selanjutnya Komite memeras lagi menjadi 12 ide untuk
masuk ke tahap berikutnya dan selanjutnya dipilih 5 terbaik.
46
Menurut Budi Handoko, kontes diadakan untuk mendapatkan solusi dari karyawan untuk bersama-sama menjawab tantangan finansial perusahaan akibat terkoreksinya harga nikel
dunia. “Dewan Direksi berinisiatif untuk melibatkan karyawan
untuk mencari solusi bersama-sama. Selain untuk meningkatkan rasa memiliki dan perhatian karyawan terhadap kondisi
yang dihadapi oleh perusahaan serta menumbuhkan budaya
kerja yang efisien,” ujar Budi.
IN TER AK SI
Presentasi peserta Kontes Ide Penghematan Biaya PT Vale yang
berlangsung di TAB pada Februari 2014 silam.
Pertimbangan utama penilaian Komite adalah ide yang tingkat peluang implementasinya besar dengan upaya sangat
efisien. “Awalnya hendak dibuat dua fase, yaitu fase idea generation dan fase implementasi. Tapi karena beberapa alasan,
fase 2 ditiadakan. Kriteria yang digunakan dalam penilaian
fase 1 adalah orisinalitas, kualitas, peluang implementasi, dan
presentasi ide oleh para kontestan,” tambah Budi.
Meski fase dua ditiadakan, berdasarkan informasi dan
pengamatan Komite, kedua ide yang menjadi juara telah
diimplementasikan oleh departemen tim kontestan sejak
2014. “Pada dasarnya kedua ide tersebut sederhana, mudah
dilakukan, dan hasilnya nyata. Hal-hal tersebut berpengaruh
pada penilaian sehingga keduanya memenangi kompetisi ini,”
ungkap Budi.
Tambah Novian Fitriawan, anggota Komite kontes lainnya,
ide-ide yang masuk sangat menarik. Agar tidak mubazir, Komite menyarankan agar ide-ide tersebut tetap coba diimplementasikan melalui forum Capital Risk Ranking atau budget
plan. Tentu setelah dilakukan telaah yang hati-hati terhadap
aspek keselamatan, kesehatan kerja, dan lingkungan. Pada
kesempatan itu, direksi melalui rilisnya menyampaikan penghargaan kepada karyawan yang telah ikut menyumbangkan
ide-ide untuk penghematan biaya operasional perusahaan.[]
Pembuatan track dozer modifikasi hasil inovasi Tim MEM.
47
INTER ACTI O N
Bucket shroud fabrication at
Support Service Department's
workshop (above). MEM
team looking the track dozer
modification.
Employee Solution to Save
Company’s Expenditure
The teams from Department of MEM and Department of Support
Service win the saving idea contest.
48
I N TER ACT IO N
The Participants of PT Vale's Cost Saving Contest presented their ideas,
TAB Meeting Hall, February, 2014.
The saving idea contest which was initiated by PT
Vale management finally resulted in two winners
at the end of July 2015. The first idea “Reverse Bushing
Dozer” came from the MEM team, and the second idea
“Fabricate Corner Shroud Bucket” from the Support
Service team.
The two beat 42 other concepts from various departments
within PT Vale, which had been submitted to the organizing
committee of the contest. In the first stage the committee
chose the best 12, and shortened the list to five in the next
stage.
Committee member Budi Handoko said the contest was
organized to tap ideas of solution from employees and to
drive a collective action to respond financial challenges facing the company due to the declining world nickel price. “The
board of directors initiated a policy to involve employees in
the search for the solutions together. Apart from enhancing
the sense of belonging and attention of the employees to the
problem facing by the company, the contest aims to breed
the culture of efficient work,” Budi said.
The committee took into account the implementable rate of
the idea with the most efficient effort. “Initially we planned
to divide the competition into two phases: idea generation
and implementation. But due to a few reasons, the phase 2
was dropped. Our criteria to judge the ideas in the first phase
were originality, quality, feasibility, and presentation of idea
by contestants,” Budi said.
Although the second phase of assessment was removed,
based on the committee’s observation, the two winning ideas
have been implemented by the departments of the winners
since 2014. “In principle the two ideas are simple and doable,
with concrete results. Those have influenced our assessment
so that the two won the competition,” Budi said.
Novian Fitriawan, another committee member, added that
the ideas submitted to the committee were all interesting. In
order not to waste the ideas that fail to win the competition,
the committee suggested that the company try to implement
them through the forums of Capital Risk Ranking or budget
plan. Of course the trial should follow a careful analysis on
the aspects of safety, occupational health and environment.
The board of directors said in a statement its appreciation of
the employees for contributing their ideas to the company’s
efforts to save operational costs.[]
49
Golden Rules PT Vale
PT Vale’s Golden Rules
1
Dilarang keras memasuki ruang tertutup, area
peledakan, blast area Furnace di Lantai #3, switch
yard, area penebangan pohon, tanpa izin dari
personil yang berwenang dan lereng yang berpotensi
longsor tanpa JSA/Analisa Risiko yang telah disetujui.
No one shall enter confined space, blasting area, blast
area furnace 3rd floor, switch yard and tree cutting area,
without a permit from authorized area personnel and
high potential slope failure except through specific approved JSA/Risk Analysis.
2
Dilarang keras bekerja dan membawa kendaraan
di bawah pengaruh obat terlarang dan alkohol
yang melebihi 0.05% berat/volume.
No one shall work and driving company vehicle under influence of illegal drugs and blood alcohol level in excess
of 0.05 % weight/volume.
3
Dilarang keras mengoperasikan kendaraan atau
alat berat tanpa SIMPER PTVI yang masih berlaku
untuk alat tersebut, kecuali dalam program pelatihan oleh instruktur resmi.
No one shall operate a vehicle or mobile equipment without a valid PT Vale Indonesia license for that equipment,
except under training program by formal instructor
50
4
Dilarang keras mengemudikan kendaraan
melebihi 30 km/jam dari batas kecepatan yang
ditetapkan.
No one shall drive vehicle more than 30 kph over the
posted speed limit.
5
7
Dilarang keras berada di bawah beban yang sementara diangkat atau memasuki area pengangkatan tanpa izin.
No one shall go under suspended loads or enter into an
isolated lifting area without a permission.
8
Dilarang keras keluar dari alat atau truk yang sedang dimuat.
Dilarang keras bekerja di ketinggian lebih dari 1,8 meter dari tanah, lantai kerja
atau scaffolding tanpa pelindung atau
pencegah jatuh mis: standard hand rail atau
harness and lanyard.
No one shall get out of his or her equipment/dump truck while
loading time.
No one shall work at height of more than 1.8
meters above the ground, fixed walkways or
scaffolding without any fall protection or prevention e.g. standard hand rail or harness and
lanyard.
Dilarang keras bekerja di atas atau dekat air atau kolam
lumpur dengan kedalaman lebih dari satu meter tanpa
lantai kerja yang aman atau menggunakan jaket pelampung.
9
Catatan: Jika terdapat risiko terbawa arus, pelindung jatuh harus
digunakan.
6
Dilarang keras membuka gembok dan
label bahaya pekerja lain tanpa persetujuan tertulis dari yang berwenang, dan
semua pekerja yang melakukan pekerjaan
pemeliharaan pada alat yang mewajibkan
isolasi harus:
** Memasang gembok dan label pribadi di
titik isolasi setiap waktu; dan
** Bekerja di bawah otorisasi dan memiliki izin.
No one shall work above or near (less than 2 meter horizontally)
water or mud pond deeper than 1 meter without either a safe
work platform or a correctly fitted buoyancy vest.
No one shall remove another person’s lock and
tag unless approval is received in writing from
the authorized person, and all workers doing
maintenance work on equipment that requires
isolation must:
** Have a personal lock and tag in place on
an isolation point at all times or
** Be authorized to work under a permit.
Dilarang keras merokok di dekat tanki bahan bakar, stasiun
pengisian dan selama pengisian bahan bakar, gudang
bahan peledak, pulverized coal, and melting sulfur
Note: if risk of swept by strong current exists, falling protection
should be used.
10
No one shall smoke near fuel storage, fuel dispenser and during
refueling, blasting magazine, pulverized coal, and melting shulpur,
51
ATMOS F E R
Mengatur Hujan Lewat TMC
Bekerja sama dengan BPPT, PT Vale mengaplikasikan Teknologi
Modifikasi Cuaca (TMC). Teknologi ini untuk menjaga kinerja PLTA
agar tetap optimal di tengah cuaca ekstrem.
Beberapa tahun terakhir, memprediksi cuaca menjadi pekerjaan yang kian sulit. Musim hujan kerap berlangsung lebih
lama daripada biasanya. Begitu pula kemarau. Alhasil, ketika
musim panas, beberapa daerah dilanda kekeringan.
Badan Mateorologi, Klimatologi, dan Geofisika (BMKG) wilayah IV Makassar memprediksi munculnya El Nino. Fenomena
alam ini mengakibatkan kemarau berlangsung lebih lama
hingga akhir 2015. Bahkan bisa sampai awal 2016. Puncaknya
diperkirakan September-Desember 2015, dan akan sangat
terasa terutama di wilayah selatan dan barat Sulawesi.
Panjangnya musim kemarau bukan hanya mengganggu ekosistem, melainkan juga operasi PT Vale yang sumber energinya mengandalkan PLTA. “Perubahan pola hujan dan musim
kemarau yang berkepanjangan membuat ketersediaan air
hujan dan level danau berkurang. Hal ini mempengaruhi
kinerja turbin PLTA. Level Danau Towuti yang turun membuat
energi pembangkitan listrik juga berkurang, karena pasokan
air yang dibutuhkan menjadi berkurang,” ungkap Anom Prasetio, Senior Civil Engineer MSE.
Jika level air danau terus-menerus turun, pasokan listrik untuk
keperluan operasional PT Vale dan masyarakat di Luwu Timur
bakal terganggu. Kondisi ini selanjutnya berdampak pada
kontribusi PT Vale terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD)
Luwu Timur.
Untuk menjamin keberlangsungan operasi PLTA, PT Vale
bekerja sama dengan Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan
Teknologi (BPPT) melakukan upaya teknis di atmosfer guna
mempercepat kematangan awan dan hujan. Melalui Teknologi Modifikasi Cuaca (TMC), air Danau Towuti dapat dijaga
sesuai level normal pengoperasian PLTA, yakni di atas 318 dpl
hingga 319,3 dpl (di atas permukaan laut). “Target operasi
TMC adalah melakukan penyemaian awan di atas daerah aliran sungai Larona,” imbuh Anom yang juga Project Manager
TMC.
TMC bukan barang baru bagi PT Vale. Perusahaan pernah
memanfaatkan teknologi ini dari 2008 sampai 2010. Bedanya,
metode penyemaian awan kali ini menggunakan sistem flare.
52
ATM OSFER
Bahan semai dikemas dalam selongsong seperti kembang
api dan dipasang di sayap pesawat. Ketika pesawat masuk ke
dalam awan, bahan semai tersebut dibakar sehingga asapnya
masuk ke dalam awan.
Tahun 2015, penyemaian juga dilakukan dari darat dengan
menggunakan tower GBG (ground based generator). Karena
sifatnya statis, GBG hanya bisa menunggu awan dan melakukan penyemaian pada dasar awan yang dekat dengan
puncak menara GBG. Untuk mengoptimalkan bahan semai
yang dilepaskan dari puncak menara GBG, maka lokasi menara
ditempatkan di daerah yang relatif tinggi.
Dengan memanfaatkan sistem aliran udara, diharapkan bahan
semai yang dilepas bisa terbawa masuk ke dalam awan. Karena
itu, faktor angina dan topografi berperan penting dalam sistem
transportasi bahan semai ke dalam awan.
Menurut Dr Tri Handoko Seto, pakar modifikasi cuaca BPPT,
teknologi flare terbukti lebih efisien dan efektif dibandingkan
metode lama yang bahan semainya dalam bentuk powder
dan ditabur secara manual ke awan melalui pesawat. Sebagai
perbandingan, satu kilogram bahan semai dengan sistem flare
setara dengan satu kuintal bahan semai pada metode tabur.
Bahan semai juga efektif menyebar merata di awan. Faktor lain
yang mendukung keberhasilan TMC adalah potensi pertumbuhan awan yang akan menjadi hujan. Keberadaan awanawan ini akan dipantau lewat radar BPPT yang pusat operasinya di Bandara Sorowako.
Ramah Lingkungan
TMC ibarat memupuk awan. Dengan memberikan rangsangan
berupa bahan semai, diharapkan proses yang terjadi di awan
lebih cepat dibandingkan jika dibiarkan secara alamiah. Perlu
diketahui, TMC tidak bisa dilakukan tanpa awan. Awan-awan
yang sudah matang disebut awan comulus, yakni awan penghasil hujan.
Bahan semai sistem flare adalah kalsium klorida (CaCl2), sejenis
garam khusus yang bersifat higroskopis (mengikat air). Sifat
fisis bahan semai inilah yang menyerap tetes air dan uap air
menjadi butir air di dalam awan dan mengumpul melalui
proses tumbukan dan penggabungan. Butiran air tersebut
berkembang membesar lalu jatuh sebagai hujan.
TMC biasanya digunakan untuk mitigasi bencana, seperti menambah curah hujan, mengurangi asap akibat kebakaran lahan
dan hutan, atau mengurangi intensitas curah hujan. Contohnya
Pesawat penyemai awan.
seperti operasi pencegahan hujan di Jakarta dan pengurangan
asap akibat kebakaran hutan di Riau.
Selain meningkatkan curah hujan, TMC dapat berfungsi menghambat curah hujan. Hal ini pernah dilakukan di beberapa kota
besar di Indonesia yang kerap mengalami curah hujan tinggi,
seperti di Jakarta, Jawa Tengah, dan Sumatera Selatan. Di Jakarta, misalnya, TMC mampu menurunkan 22% intensitas hujan di
musim hujan. Di Ibu Kota, teknologi ini malah telah diterapkan
sejak 2000. Sedangkan Kalimantan dan Sumatera sejak 1997.
Aktivitas meningkatkan curah hujan untuk menambah volume
air waduk atau PLTA seperti dilakukan di Danau Towuti, pernah
diterapkan di daerah aliran sungai (DAS) Saguling di Jawa Barat, DAS Kedung Ombo di Jawa Tengah, dan DAS Riam Kanan
di Kalimantan Selatan.
Kajian pakar modifikasi teknologi cuaca BPPT, CH Nasution,
berjudul “Keseimbangan Lingkungan antara Kebutuhan
dan Penyediaan Air Melalui TMC” menyebutkan, TMC tidak
mempengaruhi kualitas air dan ekosistem. Bahkan analisisnya
menunjukkan kualitas air selama kegiatan penyemaian awan
belum melampaui baku mutu air yang diatur PP No. 20/1990
tentang Pengendalian Pencemaran Air. “Untuk meyakinkan
para pemangku kepentingan, kami terbuka untuk melibatkan
tim independen guna memantau dan mengawasi dampak
pelaksanaan TMC di Luwu Timur,” tambah Anom.
Sebagai informasi, berdasarkan hasil rapat koordinasi lintas kementerian pada 10 Agustus 2015 di Jakarta, TMC menjadi salah
satu program rencana aksi nasional 2015 dalam rangka penanggulangan kekeringan serta kebakaran lahan dan hutan di
Indonesia. Rapat tersebut dihadiri Menteri Pertanian, Menteri
Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat, Menteri Perdagangan, Menteri Koordinator Bidang Maritim, Kapolri, Panglima TNI,
Kepala BPS, Kepala BMKG, Kepala BNPB, dan Kepala UPT Hujan
Buatan BPPT.
53
ATMO SPH ER E
Controlling
Rain through
TMC
In cooperation with the
BPPT (Agency for Technology
Assessment and Application),
PT Vale applies Weather
Modification Technology (TMC).
The technology is needed to
keep the performance of the
hydro power plant intact amid
the extreme weather.
Over the last few years weather forecast has been difficult
to do. Rainy season lasted longer than usual. So did the dry
season. As a result a number of areas endured drought.
The Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Agency
(BMKG) region IV overseeing Makassar has predicted the
arrival of El Nino. This phenomenon causes prolonged dry
season which may last until the end of 2015, or even early
in 2016. The peak of the weather phenomenon is predicted
to occur between September and December, which will be
severely felt in the southern and western part of Sulawesi.
The protracted dry season will disrupt not only the ecosystem, but also the operation of PT Vale, which relies much on
its hydro power plant for its source of energy “The changing
rainy and dry season patterns has reduced supply of rain water and the level of lake surface. This will adversely affect the
work of the power plant’s turbines. The declining level of Lake
Towuti surface has cut electricity supply too because water
supply is falling,” says Anom Prasetio, Senior Civil Engineer
MSE.
54
If the surface level continues to go down, electricity supply
for the operation of PT Vale and public consumption in East
Luwu will be in trouble. At the end of the day it will affect
contribution of PT Vale to East Luwu regional revenues.
To ensure sustainability of the power plant’s operation, PT
Vale worked with the Agency for Technology Assessment and
Application (BPPT) in conducting cloud seeding attempts
to enhance cloud’s ability to produce precipitation and rain.
Through the Weather Modification Technology (TMC), the
surface of Lake Towuti has been maintained at its current
level of between 318 and 319.3 meters above the sea level so
as to enable the power plant to operate normally. “The target
of TMC is to seed the clouds above Larona river basin,” Anom,
who is also the TMC project manager, says.
TMC is not new to PT Vale. The company applied the technology from 2008 to 2010. Unlike in the past, now the cloud
seeding uses the flare system. Materials for the cloud seeding
are packaged within a canister which looks like firework
and is attached under aircraft wings. When the plane enters
clouds the materials are burned so that their smoke gets into
the clouds.
ATMOS PHERE
In 2015, the cloud seeding is also conducted on the ground
using GBG (ground based generator) tower. Due to its static
nature, GBG can only wait for clouds and apply the technology on the floor of clouds located the nearest to the top of
the tower. To ensure successful cloud seeding, the tower is
erected in a high ground.
Utilizing an air flow controlling system, the cloud seeds are
expected to enter the clouds. That’s why wind blow and
topography play a pivotal role in transporting seeds into the
clouds.
According to Dr Tri Handoko Seto, a weather modification
expert from BPPT, the flare technology is proven to be more
effective and efficient than the old method, in which seed
powder was sown manually from a plane. As a comparison,
one kilogram of seed materials using flare system equals 100
kg of seed powder used in the old method.
The flare system also allows the seeds to spread throughout the clouds. Another factor that supports the success of
TMC is the growth potential of clouds that will produce rain.
The clouds are monitored by BPPT radar which is located at
Sorowako Airport.
Environmentally Friendly
TMC looks like fertilizing the clouds. By stimulating the cloud
seeding the process of cloud formation is expected to accelerate, faster than leaving the process to the nature. It must
be understood that TMC cannot work without clouds. Ripe
clouds, or cumulus, will generate rain.
Cloud seeder aircraft
The main cloud seeding material using flare system is calcium
chloride (CaCl2), a kind of particular salt known for its hygroscopic nature. It’s this physical characteristic that absorbs
water drop and vapor and turns them into water droplets
inside the clouds, which will gather through collision and
incorporation of clouds. The droplets grow bigger and fall to
the earth in the form of rain.
TMC is normally applied in disaster mitigation, such as to
increase rainfall level, ease smog resulting from forest and
land fires or reduce intensity of rainfall. The rain avoidance
operation once occurred in Jakarta and cloud seeding to
reduce haze was applied in Riau.
Apart from increasing rainfall level, TMC can slow rainfall,
which was tried in several provinces that often face high
rainfall level like Jakarta, Central Java and South Sumatra. In
Jakarta TMC reduced intensity of rain by 22% during rainy
season. The technology has been applied in the capital city
since 2000, while in Kalimantan and Sumatra since 1997.
The efforts to increase rainfall level to raise the water volume
in the reservoir supplying the hydro power plant like Lake
Towuti was once implemented in Saguling river basin in West
Java, Kedung Ombo river basin in Central Java and Riam
Kanan river basin in South Kalimantan.
A study by weather modification expert from BPPT, CH Nasution, titled “Environmental Balance between Demand and
Supply of Water through TMC” says that the technology does
not affect the quality of water and the ecosystem. His analysis
reveals that the water quality during the cloud seeding activity does not exceed the threshold stipulated in Government
Regulation No. 20/1990 on Water Pollution Control. “To convince all stakeholders, we are open to any independent team
to monitor and supervise the impacts of TMC application in
East Luwu,” says Anom.
Following an inter-ministerial coordination meeting on Aug.
10, 2015 in Jakarta, TMC was listed in the national action plan
to mitigate drought and forest and land fires in Indonesia in
2015. The meeting was attended by the agriculture minister,
public works minister, trade minister, coordinating maritime
minister, Indonesian Military chief, National Police chief, head
of the Central Statistics Bureau, head of BMKG, head of the
National Disaster Mitigation Agency and head of BPPT cloud
seeding work unit.
55
PROF I L
Hasmawati
Memantau Kualitas Nikel
dari Laboratorium
Analis di Laboratorium & Sample House Process Technology
Department dituntut menyuplai data sampel nikel ore tepat waktu.
Termasuk memantau nikel dalam matte sebelum dikirim ke Jepang.
Agenda kerja Hasmawati ketika Halo Vale menemuinya suatu
hari di pertengahan April lalu begitu padat. Monitor komputernya menampilkan rentetan angka analisis sampel ore
untuk pabrik pengolahan. Sementara meja kerjanya dipenuhi
tumpukan modul pelatihan dan penilaian para analis laboratorium yang mengikuti uji kompetensi.
Sebelumnya, Hasmawati sibuk menyiapkan materi pelatihan
penyegaran untuk para analis yang akan berlangsung siang
harinya. Begitulah kesibukan Hasmawati, salah seorang analis
senior sekaligus instruktur untuk Laboratory and Sample
House Process Plant pada Process Technology Department PT
Vale.
Pada 4 Agustus 1997 Hasmawati bergabung di PT Vale sebagai seorang analis. Dia ditempatkan di Sample House selama
enama bulan. Di tempat ini, pekerjaannya adalah mengambil
sampel atau menyiapkan preparasi dari lima area operasi
PT Vale, yakni Dryer, Kiln, Furnace, Converter, dan Mining.
“Pekerjaan ini cukup berat, karena harus teliti guna menghasilkan nikel yang baik dan sesuai spesifikasi. Tapi saya
melakukannya dengan senang dan semangat,” ungkap
alumni Fakultas Kimia Univesitas Hasanuddin angkatan
1990 ini.
Laboratorium dan Sample House merupakan salah satu
proses penting dalam pengolahan nikel PT Vale. Sebelum diolah, pabrik menunggu hasil analisis laboratorium untuk melihat unsur dan kadar nikel apakah cocok
dengan spesifikasi.
Pekerjaan di laboratorium berlangsung 24 jam non-stop
dalam tiga shift. Tidak sedikit para analis dan pekerja
56
lapangan sample house merupakan kaum perempuan. “Analis
dituntut konsentrasi dan akurat dalam melakukan analisis
sampel. Termasuk disiplin pada keselamatan kerja,” tutur dia.
Meski para analis bekerja di ruangan, potensi bahaya cukup
tinggi. Pasalnya, di laboratorium terdapat banyak bahan kimia dan peralatan yang mengandung
listrik atau panas tinggi.
Profesi analis
juga punya
target
PROFIL
kerja cukup ketat. Tiap satu shift mesti menganalisis 300-400
sampel dari area eksplorasi, seratusan sampel dari empat area
pabrik, plus 200-an sampel dari area tambang. Tenggat waktu
penyelesaiannya beragam. Ada yang empat jam harus kelar,
ada pula yang harus selesai satu jam.
Tak heran, jumlah pekerja laboratorium sample house tiap
satu shift bisa mencapai 20 orang. Mereka meliputi 6 analis di
laboratorium Process Plant, 1 analis di Harapan MRAL, 1 analis
di Petea yang permanen, 3 analis kontrak, 1 analis senior,
1 team leader, dan 7 teknisi lapangan yang menyiapkan
sampel ore.
Sedangkan untuk steady day terdapat 5 orang analis, 2 analis
sampel nikel dalam matte sebelum diekspor ke Jepang, 1 analis di environmental untuk menganalisis sampel air, 2 analis
kontrak untuk melakukan preparasi sampel air, 1 orang team
leader, dan seorang chemist.
Jumlah pekerja yang cukup banyak dan target kerja ketat itu,
ungkap Hasmawati, karena laboratorium punya dua customer
selain Process Plant, yakni Departemen Mining dan Departemen Environment, Health & Safety. Karena itu, laboratorium
dibagi dua kelas untuk melayani kebutuhan tiga departemen
tersebut.
menyiapkan standar kompetensi laboratorium, juga modul
berbasis kompetensi untuk para analis dan teknisi,” ujar dia.
Reni Noviana Poly, analis kolega Hasmawati, mengatakan,
Hasmawati merupakan sosok pekerja yang peduli dengan
pekerja lain. “Ibu Hasma itu menyenangkan, perhatian, rajin,
dan teliti. Kalau dia melihat ada pekerja yang alat pelindung
dirinya kurang, dia kasih ingat,” ungkap Reni yang telah bekerja di PT Vale sejak 2007 ini.
Menurut Hasmawati, PT Vale merupakan tempat bekerja yang
memberikan kesempatan sama bagi karyawan perempuan
dan laki-laki. Jenjang kariernya juga disesuaikan dengan
kompetensi. “Yang saya rasakan adalah kami, pekerja, diperlakukan sebagai aset perusahaan,” ujar wanita yang telah
dikarunia tiga orang anak ini.[]
Hasmawaty bersama rekan kerja sedang mengecek sampel
nikel di laboratorium Process Plant.
“Pertama, laboratorium produksi yang melayani kebutuhan data
dan informasi sampel dari area pabrik, yakni Dryer, Kiln, Furnace, dan Converter. Kedua, laboratorium environmental
yang fokus menganalisis sampel limbah cair dari kolam
pengendapan di area tambang, sungai dan kualitas
air danau,” ujar dia.
Kompetensi
Dalam hal kemampuan, ungkap Hasmawati, para pekerjanya dibekali berbagai
pelatihan dan uji kompetensi yang berhubungan dengan profesinya. Peralatan
laboratorium dan sistem kerjanya juga
telah mengadopsi ISO 17025, standar
untuk laboratorium pengujian dan
kalibrasi, sejak 2006.
Pengalaman dan keahlian Hasmawati mengantarkan dirinya menjadi
assessor untuk Lembaga Sertifikasi
Profesi PT Vale sejak Agustus 2012,
dan acting instructor pada pertengahan
2014. “Sebagai instruktur dan analis, saya
57
PR O FI L E
Hasmawati
Monitoring
Nickel
Quality from
Laboratory
Analysts in Laboratory & Sample
House, Process Technology
Department are demanded to
supply nickel ore data samples
on time. Their jobs also include
monitoring nickel matte before
shipment to Japan.
Hasmawati’s agenda was tight when Halo Vale met her sometime in mid-April. Her computer screen displayed a string of
numbers of ore sample analysis for the processing plant. Her
desk was infested with stacks of training module and evaluation of laboratory analysts who took part in a competence
test.
She had previously been busy preparing materials for rejuvenation training for analysts which would take place later in
the afternoon of that day. That’s how Hasmawati spends her
busy day as a senior analyst and instructor for Laboratory and
Sample House Process Plant at PT Vale Process Technology
Department.
Hasnawati joined PT Vale on August 4, 1997 as an analyst.
She was assigned to the Sample House for six months. Her
jobs there were taking samples or preparing analysis for five
operational areas of PT Vale, which are Dryer, Kiln, Furnace,
Converter and Mining. “These are quite tough jobs because
they require precision in order to produce nickel which is in
58
line with its specification. I just do them all with pleasure and
spirt,” the 1990 graduate of Chemical Engineering Department at Hasanuddin University says.
Laboratory and Sample House is one of the main parts of
nickel processing in PT Vale. Before processing, the plant will
wait for the results of laboratory analysis just to observe the
right substance and grade of nickel in accordance with its
specification.
Works in the laboratory last 24 hours and are split into three
shifts. Quite many of the analysts and sample house field
workers are women. “An analyst has to focus and be precise in
conducting a sample analysis. Discipline and work safety also
matter,” she says.
Although the analysts work indoor, potentials of hazard they
face are quite high. This is because the laboratory is home to
many chemical substances and electronic and high temperature equipment.
PR O F IL E
The profession has a tight work target. Every shift between
300 and 400 samples taken from exploration area, hundreds
of samples from four plant areas plus 200s samples from mining areas must be analyzed. The deadline for completion of
the analysis varies. Some may have to finish in four hours, but
others in one hour only.
mental laboratory which focuses on analyzing liquid waste
samples taken from sedimentation pond in the mining area,
river and lake,” she says.
No wonder the number of sample house laboratory analysts can reach 20 per shift. They comprise 6 analysts at the
processing plant laboratory, 1 analyst in Harapan MRAL, 1
permanent analyst in Petea, 3 contractual analysts, 1 senior
analyst, 1 team leader, and 7 field technicians who prepare
ore samples.
Competence
On steady day there are 5 analysts, 2 analysts who examine
nickel matte samples before they are exported to Japan, 1
environmental analyst who examines water samples, 2 contractual analysts who prepare water samples, 1 team leader
and 1 chemist.
Experience and mastery have led Hasmawati to the post
of assessor for Profession Certification Institute at PT Vale
since August 2012, and acting instructor in mid-2014. “As an
instructor and analyst, I prepared laboratory competence
standard, as well as competence-based module for analysts
and technicians,” she says.
The number of staff is quite many and the target is tight,
Hasmawati says, because the laboratory employs 2 customers
aside from Process Plant, which are Department of Mining
and Department of Environment, Health & Safety. Therefore,
the laboratory is divided into two classes to serve the need of
the three departments.
“First is the production laboratory which provides data and
information related to samples taken from plant areas, which
are Dryer, Kiln, Furnace and Converter. Second is environ-
Works in the laboratory last 24 hours and are split into three shifts. Quite
many of the analysts and sample house field workers are women.
Capability wise, Hasmawati says, all laboratory staff have
undergone training and competence tests related to their
profession. Laboratory equipment and its work system has
adopted ISO 17025, a standard for testing and calibration
laboratory, since 2006.
Reni Noviana Poly, fellow analyst, says Hasmawati is a figure
who cares for other employees. “Ibu (Madam) Hasma is a
pleasant, caring, diligent and thorough person. If she knows a
worker who wears inadequate protection tools, she will give a
reminder,” Reni, who has been working for PT Vale since 2007,
says.
According to Hasmawati, PT Vale is a workplace that gives
equal opportunity to its female and male employees. Their
career goes in line with their competence. “What I feel is we,
employees, are treated as company assets,” the mother of
three says.[]
Process Plant Laboratory crew have a briefing before working.
59
KO MUN I TA S
Vale Runners,
Menebar Virus Lari
Mereka berlari bukan karena ikut-ikutan tren.
Apalagi mengejar prestasi. Motivasinya untuk hidup sehat.
60
KO M UNITAS
Vale Runners bukanlah
komunitas baru. Klub ini
sudah terbentuk akhir
2012. Semula digagas
beberapa karyawan PT
Vale di kantor Jakarta. Alasannya, mereka ingin punya
kegiatan olahraga bersama. Lari
menjadi pilihan.
Mereka sempat melakukan empat kali
lari bareng di Kompleks Gelora Bung
Karno, Senayan, Jakarta, tapi kemudian
vakum. Meski demikian, beberapa orang
yang kadung jatuh cinta dengan lari tetap
rutin berlari.
Terbang ke Sorowako
Ternyata, di Sorowako tidak sedikit karyawan dan kontraktor
PT Vale yang keranjingan lari. Maka bak gayung bersambut,
mereka pun memutuskan untuk menghidupkan kembali
Vale Runners awal 2015 silam. Bermula dari membuat grup
Whatsapp, mereka saling memotivasi untuk hidup sehat dan
berbagi pengalaman lari. Ketika itu, kegiatan masih sebatas
diskusi. Kalau pun lari, mereka masih sendiri-sendiri.
Yang menarik, mereka membuat konsensus untuk melakukan
pencatatan setiap kali lari. Berapa jarak dan waktu tempuh
setiap lari. “Fungsi catatan itu lebih ke self challenge, sekaligus untuk saling memotivasi anggota,” ujar Bayu Anggoro
Widyanto dari Finance Department, salah satu penggagas
Vale Runners.
Sekitar Maret 2015, Vale Runners memutuskan untuk menghidupkan kembali tradisi lari bersama. Kalau Anda melihat
gerombolan pelari saban Rabu malam dan Sabtu pagi mengelilingi Sorowako, itulah mereka!
Tiap lari bersama, mereka mendokumentasikan dan mengunggah aktivitasnya ke Facebook dan Instagram Vale Runners. Termasuk invitasi lari bersama yang biasanya diumumkan sehari sebelum hari H. Alhasil, yang ikutan lari bukan
hanya dari kalangan karyawan dan kontraktor PT Vale, tapi
juga masyarakat Sorowako dan sekitarnya.
Ketentuan lari tidak dibuat kaku. Meski Vale Runners mematok rute dan jarak tertentu, para pelari bebas memilih jarak
lari sesuai kemampuan. Hal itulah yang membuat anggota
Vale Runners semakin bertambah. Hingga akhir Mei lalu,
tercatat sekitar 30 anggota Vale Runners.
Vale Runners memang bukan klub lari profesional. Tujuan komunitas ini untuk membudayakan hidup sehat. “Jadi, tujuan
lari lebih untuk menjaga kebugaran. Apalagi usia rata-rata
anggota Vale Runners di atas 30 tahun,” ungkap Bayu.
Soal menyesuaikan jarak lari dengan kemampuan juga diakui
Basrie Kamba dari Communications & External Affairs Department. Dia rutin lari enam bulan belakangan ini. “Saya berlari
lebih untuk menjaga kesehatan dan kebugaran. Target ming-
61
L A P OR A N UTA MA
guan sedikitnya 10 kilometer,” ujar Basrie Kamba. Olahraga
lari menjadi pilihannya sebagai variasi. Selama ini dia lebih
sering bersepeda di medan ekstrem.
Stamina prima
Bicara soal manfaat lari, anggota Vale Runners punya banyak
cerita. Lili Nuria Lubis dari EHS Department, misalnya. Sejak
berkenalan dengan olahraga ini pada 2012 dan membiasakan empat kali seminggu berlari, dia merasa tubuhnya
lebih bugar. “Dan awet muda,” tambah wanita yang pernah
mendapat kategori Excellence untuk hasil medical check up PT
Vale tahun 2012 ini.
Pengakuan Muhammad Asril dari ETDS Department lain lagi.
Sejak hobi lari setahun terakhir dan menargetkan lari sejauh
25 kilometer per minggu, pria ini mengaku tidak mudah lelah.
“Daya tahan tubuh saya juga semakin baik,” akunya.
Bahkan Asril, menurut Bayu, mendapat bonus dari ketekunannya berlari. “Berat badannya turun. Dia makin ramping,”
timpal Bayu. Hal serupa diakui Kusnu Hariyanto dari EHS Department. Sejak rutin lari tiga tahun belakang dengan target
3,5 kilometer tiap kali lari dia mengaku tidak mudah capek.
Vale Runners bersama Sorowako Mengajar menggelar Kelas Inspirasi dan donasi
buku kepada SDN 248 Nuha, Luwu Timur, awal Oktober 2015 silam.
62
Iqra Mowinka Mpue dari IT Department mengaku lari merupakan cara yang pas untuk menjaga fisik dan psikisnya agar
tetap fit. “Saya merasa rileks dan segar setelah lari,” ujar pria
yang pernah mengikuti trialthon dan cukup rutin mengikuti
perhelatan lari nasional dan internasional ini.
Hidup seimbang
Anggota Vale Runners berharap komunitas ini dapat menjadi
inspirasi dan motor agar orang sadar akan hidup sehat. “Harapannya, semakin banyak karyawan ikut olahraga agar work
life balance,” ungkap Tri Rachman Batara dari HR Department.
Hal serupa diungkapkan Iqra. “Harapan saya, komunitas ini
bisa menjadi live by example. Mudah-mudahan dengan orang
sering melihat kami lari, orang lain tergerak untuk menyempatkan diri berolahraga, khususnya lari,” ujar dia.
Ke depan, Vale Runners punya beberapa agenda. Salah
satunya menyelenggarakan “Run for Charity”. “Konsepnya,
jarak tempuh yang berhasil dikumpulkan anggota dikalikan
dengan nominal rupiah. Dana itu untuk kemanusiaan. Hal
ini sedang kami rancang agar tidak memberatkan anggota,
namun justru memotivasi mereka untuk lari,” ungkap Bayu.[]
CO M MUNIT Y
Vale Runners,
Spread the Running Virus
They run not because they follow the trend, let alone to chase
achievement. Their motivation is to live healthily.
Vale Runners participated in 2015
Sorowako Run, August.
Vale Runners is not a new community. The club was established at the end of 2012. Originally it was initiated by several
employees in PT Vale office in Jakarta. Their reason was to
have a sports activity together. Running was their choice.
They have run together inside Bung Karno Sports Complex
in Senayan, Jakarta four times. But the agenda stopped for a
while, although some of them maintained the activity for the
sake of their love for the sport.
Flying for Sorowako
It turned out that in Sorowako quite many employees and
contractors of PT Vale are crazy about running. They finally
decided to revive Vale Runners early in 2015. Starting with
Whatsapp group they motivated each other to live a healthy
life and share their running experience. At that time their
activity was limited to discussion. They might run but not in a
group but individually.
Interestingly they reached a consensus to post their notes every
time they ran. The notes included their running distance and
time they registered. “The notes serve only as a self-challenge as
well as an attempt to motivate each other,” says Bayu Anggoro
Widyanto of Finance Department, one of Vale Runners initiators.
About March 2015, Vale Runners decided to revive the tradition of running together. If you see a group of people run every
Wednesday night and Saturday morning around Sorowako,
that’s them.
Every time they run together they take pictures of themselves for
documentation purpose and upload them on the group’s Facebook and Instagram accounts. They also announce through the
social media their invitation to run on the eve of the activity. As a
result, not only PT Vale employees, but also people of Sorowako
and surrounding areas take part in the activity.
63
CO M M U NI T Y
Requirements for each participant are not strict. Although
Vale Runners set a certain route and distance, participants are
free to set their own distance according to their capability.
This flexibility has given a rise to the number of Vale Runners
members. As of the end of May about 30 people have joined
Vale Runners.
Vale Runners is not a group of professional runners. The community aims to promote healthy lifestyle. “So our goal is to
maintain physical fitness, especially because the average age
of Vale Runners members is above 30 years old,” says Bayu.
Adaptation to the running distance set by the group is challenging, as admitted by Basrie Kamba from Communications
& External Affairs Department. He has routinely run in the last
six months. “I run simply to keep myself healthy and fit. My
target per week is set at 10 kilometers,” Basrie Kamba says.
Running is his choice of sports apart from his routine cycling
in extreme fields.
64
Perfect endurance
Speaking about the benefits of running, Vale Runners
members share a lot of stories. Lili Nuria Lubis from EHS
Department, is one of them. Since she started to run in 2012,
she has routinely run four times a week and felt her physical
fitness improved. “And stay young,” says the woman, who
received an excellent mark in the 2012 medical check-up at
PT Vale.
Muhammad Asril from ETDS Department has a different
account. Since he started running in the past year
and set the distance target of 25 kilometers a
week, he says he is not easily feel tired at workplace. “My physical endurance is getting better,”
he says.
Asril, according to Bayu, received a bonus due to his
perseverance in running. “He manages to lower
weight. He is slimmer now than he used to be,”
Bayu says. The same advantage is felt by Kusnu
COM MUNIT Y
Hariyanto from EHS Department. Since he began
running routinely three years ago with a distance
target of 3.5 kilometers a day, he has never lost
steam when working.
Iqra Mowinka Mpue from IT Department says running
is
an appropriate way to maintain both physical and
mental fitness. “I feel relax and fresh after
running,” the man, who once underwent triathlon training and routinely
participated in national and international
running competitions, says.
Balance life
Vale Runners members expect the community to inspire
and motivate people to be aware of healthy life. “Our hope is
many more employees take part in the sport activity so as to
obtain a work-life balance,” says Tri Rachman Batara of HR
Department.
Iqra concurs. “I hope the community to lead others by
example. Hopefully by frequently seeing us running other
people will be motivated to spare time for sports, especially
running,” he says.
In the future Vale Runners will arrange several agendas, one
of them is to organize “Run for Charity”. “The concept is every
distance covered by each participant will be multiplied by a
certain amount of rupiah. The money raised will be for charity.
We are still designing the concept so as not to burden but
motivate them to run,” says Bayu.[]
65
SE H AT S E L A MAT
Mendengkur,
Indikator
Kegemukan
Jangan sepelekan
mendengkur. Itu indikasi
Anda mengalami
obesitas atau
tekanan darah
tinggi.
Melihat anggota keluarga atau
pasangan Anda tidur mendengkur kadang bisa bikin
geli sendiri. Namun kalau hal
itu berlangsung sepanjang
malam, Anda bisa kesal karena
berisik dan tidak bisa tidur.
Sebaiknya jangan sepelekan
masalah ini.
Mendengkur merupakan bunyi
napas yang mengganggu ketika
tidur. Permasalahan
66
ini bisa terjadi pada siapa pun, tak
kenal usia atau jenis kelamin. National
Sleep Foundation, AS, menyebutkan,
sebanyak 48% usia 40-75 tahun tidur
mendengkur. Setiap pekan, rata-rata
mereka mendengkur sebanyak empat malam. Diperkirakan sedikitnya 37 juta pendengkur aktif dari
90 juta orang dewasa di AS.
Menurut Michael Grandner
Phd, profesor psikiatrik dan
anggota Center of Sleep and
Circadian Neurobiology, Sekolah Medis Perelman Universitas Pennsylvania, AS, banyak
faktor yang membuat orang
tidur mendengkur. Pada
umumnya karena penyempitan saluran pernapasan.
“Biasanya terjadi pada otot
bagian atas mulut yang disebut
soft palate atau di bagian belakang tenggorok-
SE HAT SE L AMAT
an yang sebagian tertutup sehingga pernapasan tidak bisa
lempeng. Hal itu terjadi seperti ketika Anda meniup sebuah
tabung. Maka tabung akan bergetar dan mengeluarkan suara. Ketika lubang tabung itu semakin sempit, bunyinya akan
semakin keras,” ujar Grandner.
Beberapa faktor mempengaruhi orang tidur mendengkur. Bertambahnya usia salah satunya. Semakin tua Anda, elastisitas otot
tenggorakan semakin menurun. Ada pula faktor anatomi tubuh,
khususnya bagian tenggorokan yang tidak normal, misalnya
karena terjadi pembesaran amandel atau pembengkakan polip.
Posisi tidur juga bisa membuat Anda tidur mendengkur. Ketika
telungkup misalnya. Peluang tidur mendengkur 40% lebih besar.
Konsumsi alkohol termasuk pemicu lainnya. Alkohol membuat
otot tenggorakan kurang elastis.
Nah, yang terakhir ini adalah penyebab yang baru ditemukan,
yakni kelebihan berat badan alias kegemukan. Orang gemuk
memiliki komplikasi metabolisme yang tidak seimbang. Menurut penelitian Grandner, orang gemuk juga mengalami tiga
persoalan dengan tekanan darah, kolestrol, bahkan kelainan
jantung.
Tiga hal tersebut mempengaruhi elastisitas otot dan saluran pernapasan. Khususnya pada pria. Kegemukan biasanya menyelubungi otot bagian leher. Hal ini membuat aliran oksigen kurang
lancar. Akibatnya, tidur mendengkur tak bisa dielakkan.
Kerusakan sel
Implikasi tidur mendengkur juga perlu menjadi perhatian, karena membuat jumlah oksigen yang masuk ke jantung berfluktusi.
Bila hal ini terjadi dapat menyebabkan kerusakan sel tubuh.
Volume oksigen yang tidak konstan membuat fungsi hati
dalam melepaskan adrenalin berlebihan. Akibatnya, adrenalin membuat otak bekerja intens. Padahal, kondisi sebaliknya
yang seharusnya terjadi ketika Anda sedang tidur. “Untuk kasus
ini persoalannya adalah kardiovaskular yang mempengaruhi
gangguan pernapasan. Kerja kardiovaskular bergantung pada
tekanan darah dan kolestrol seseorang,” ujar Grandner.
Namun Anda tidak perlu khawatir. Kabar baiknya, tidur mendengkur adalah masalah yang mudah diobati. Caranya dengan
mengubah gaya hidup. Cara yang paling mujarab adalah membuat bobot tubuh Anda lebih proporsional. Tentunya dengan
mengonsumsi menu sehat dan berimbang disertai olahraga
dengan porsi yang pas dan jadwal istirahat cukup.
Ada cara-cara pendukung lainnya, misalnya tidak tidur
dengan posisi telungkup dan melakukan sesuatu agar tidur
Anda lebih nyaman. “Melakukan hal tersebut memang tidak
mudah. Memerlukan adaptasi selama beberapa minggu.
Namun ketika semuanya berjalan, Anda akan tidur maksimal
dan badan terasa segar ketika bangun,” tutur Grandner. []
Ciri Orang Tidur Mendengkur
•
•
•
•
•
•
Mudah mengantuk, kalau tidur bisa seharian penuh.
Bangun tidur pagi kerap sakit kepala.
Bangun tidur tapi badan terasa tidak segar.
Kerap terbangun ketika tidur malam.
Konsentrasi dan ingatan kurang tajam.
Kerap mengalami nyeri di dada ketika malam.
10 Cara Agar Tidur Berkualitas
1. Redupkan lampu ketika hendak tidur.
2. Suhu kamar tidur sebaiknya tidak terlalu dingin atau
panas. Idealnya 20-23 derajat Celcius. Perhatikan
juga sirkulasi udara yang baik sehingga udara kamar
tetap segar.
3. Pilih matras dan bantal yang nyaman.
4. Kurangi suara-suara di sekitar kamar ketika hendak
tidur. Sebaiknya televisi tidak ada di depan tempat
tidur Anda.
5. Jadwal tidur dan bangun selalu sama, meski di akhir
pekan. Hal ini membuat metabolisme tubuh Anda
bekerja sempurna.
6. Hindari tidur siang. Tidur siang memang dapat memaksimalkan metabolisme, namun bagi beberapa
orang hal ini justru membuat sulit tidur malam.
7. Lakukan olahraga ringan agar tubuh Anda lebih
rileks.
8. Hindari rokok, alkohol, dan menu terlalu berat untuk
makan malam. Usahakan jadwal makan malam Anda
maksimal 2-3 jam sebelum beranjak tidur.
9. Mengondisikan tubuh untuk tidur. Tidak serta-merta
tubuh langsung nyaman tertidur. Anda perlu membuat rileks. Salah satu aktivitas untuk mengondisikan
hal itu, misalnya, membaca buku. Bukan menonton
televisi atau bekerja di depan komputer.
10. Bila Anda tidak juga dapat tidur, tidak ada salahnya
Anda pindah ke ruangan lain yang bisa membuat
Anda lebih rileks dan tertidur.
67
HEA LTH A ND SA FE T Y
Snoring, Indicator of Obesity
Don’t take snoring lightly. It may indicate that you endure obesity
or hypertension.
Watching your partner or family member snoring sometimes
gives you fun. But if it lasts throughout the night it will turn into
disturbance as the noise keeps you from sleeping well. It will
be better for you to not take the matter lightly.
Snore is a disturbing sound of respiration during a sleep. It can
happen to anyone, regardless of age and sex. The National
Sleep Foundation in the US has found that 48% of people in
the age range of 40-75 years snore. Every week they snore four
nights. An estimate of 37 million out of 90 people who snore
are American adults.
According to Michael Grandner Phd, a professor of
psychiatry and member of the Center of Sleep and Circadian
Neurobiology, Perelman School of
Medicine,
University of Pennsylvania,
there are various reasons
behind snoring. In most cases,
however, snoring is caused by
constriction of respiratory
tract.
“The constriction
commonly occurs
in the muscles of soft palate or the back part of throat which
partially is closed, preventing normal respiration. It is like
when you blow a cylinder, it will shiver and release a sound.
The narrower the cylinder’s hole, the louder the sound,”
Grandner says.
There are a number of factors that cause man to snore. Age is
one of the triggers. The older someone the lower elasticity of
your throat muscles. There is another anatomic factor behind
snoring habit, especially throat part which is abnormal, for
example due to swelling tonsil or polyp.
Sleeping position can also leads to snoring. When you are
sleeping with your head facing down the possibility of
snoring reaches 40%. Alcohol consumption is another trigger
as alcohol reduces elasticity of human’s throat muscles.
The newly discovered reason for snoring is obesity. Obese
people face imbalance metabolism. Grandner’s study also
found that obese people also encounter three health risks:
hypertension, excessive cholesterol and heart disorder.
The three risks will affect elasticity of respiratory tract
muscles. Especially for males, obesity usually affect muscles
in their necks. This will restrict the flow of oxygen. As a result
snoring is inevitable.
Cell damage
Implications of snoring should raise concern
because oxygen supply to the heart will fluctuate.
If this happens body cells will be damaged.
Inconstant oxygen volume
will force lever to release
too much adrenaline.
Consequently adrenaline
will leave brain working
very intensely. Whilst the
68
H EALTH AN D S AF ET Y
contrary should happen while you are sleeping. “In this case
the issue is cardiovascular that causes respiratory problem.
Cardiovascular function depends on blood tension and
cholesterol level of someone,” Grandner says.
But you should not worry. The good news is snoring is easily
cured. The key is changing your habit. The most effective way
is reducing your weight to a proportional level. Of course by
way of consuming nutrient and balance food and enough
exercise and sleep.
There are also other solutions, such as avoiding sleeping
with your head facing down and doing something to make
your sleep comfortable. “Indeed it is not easy. It requires
adaptation that may take several weeks. But when everything
goes well, your sleep will give maximum effect and your body
will be fresh when you wake up,” says Grandner. []
Indications of People Who Snore
•
•
•
•
•
•
Easily feel sleepy, can sleep for a full day.
Complain about headache when waking up.
Wake up in the morning but do not feel fresh.
Often awake when sleeping at night.
Capability to concentrate and memorize declines.
Complain about sore chest in the night.
10 Ways to Get Quality Sleep
1. Dim the lighting before sleeping.
2. Set room’s temperature at not too cold or too hot.
Ideally it is set at 20-23 degree Celsius. Mind also
the air temperature so that the room stays fresh.
3. Choose the right mat and comfortable pillows.
4. Reduce noise around the room before sleeping. It is
better not to place TV set in front of your bed.
5. Keep your sleeping schedule unchanged even in
weekend. This will help your metabolism to work
perfectly.
6. Avoid afternoon sleep. It may perfect metabolism,
but for other people it will cause insomnia.
7. Do light exercise to help your body feel more relax.
8. Avoid smoking, alcohol and heavy menu for dinner.
Keep your dinner schedule 2-3 hours before sleep
at the latest.
9. Tune in your body for sleeping. It will not
immediately make you fall asleep. You have to
relax. One of the activities to help you feel relax is
reading book, not watching TV or working in front
of computer screen.
10. If you find it difficult to sleep, you may move to
another room that can make you relax and fall
asleep.
69
KUIS
Carilah 10 kata yang berhubungan dengan operasi PT Vale dalam kotak di bawah. Sepuluh pengirim
kuis yang beruntung akan mendapatkan suvenir menarik.
HSFO
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DRYER
MEGAWATT
Pemenang kuis Halo Vale 13
1. Masjaya/7167
2. Malunto Yusran/8057
3. Daud E. Payangan/8880
4. Enos Randan/8867
5. Amerigo Nicholson Polii/8875
6. Amiruddin/7063
7. Kaharuddin/6115
8. Freshen Mimosa/C9737
9. Arkipus/7187
10.Anastasia D.R/8300
11.Erni Afranisa Yani/YPS_508
70
Scan atau fotokopi jawaban anda dan kirim ke
[email protected] atau masukkan
ke DP 23B.Pengundian secara acak dilakukan melaui
situs random.org.Pemenang akan diumumkan
di Halo Vale edisi mendatang.Semoga Anda
beruntung...!
71
Berkarya untuk dunia dengan nilai-nilai baru.
Saling mendukung,
bekerja sama dan terbuka.
Menjaga reputasi dan
produktivitas kerja.
vale.com/indonesia

Halo Vale - Vale.com

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