DEFENSE - Integumentary System

DEFENSE - Integumentary System
How do the integumentary, immune and lymphatic systems work together to defend the body?
These systems work together to keep pathogens out of the body and to attack any that make it in.
Functions of the Integumentary System
1. Acts as a protective barrier for internal organs and tissues.
2. Prevents pathogens like bacteria and viruses from entering the
body.
3. Helps to regulate the body’s temperature by sweating or
forming “goose bumps”.
4. Makes vitamin D when exposed to UV light.
5. Prevents the body from becoming dehydrated due to excess water loss.
6. Aids in excretion of waste, like urea and salts.
7. Acts as a sensory organ by detecting heat, cold, pressure, and pain
Evolutionary Trends of the Integumentary System
Animal
Taxon
Adaptations
Invertebrates
_epithelial cells
secrete mucous;
shells and
exoskeleton made
of chitin; stinging
or sharp outer cells
Fish
Mucous
secreted
over
_scales_
decreases
friction in
the water
Amphibians
Reptiles
Birds
Have mucous
glands to keep
skin moist; to help
with respiration
and body
temperature
Dry, scaly skin
made of
keratin_ to
prevent water
loss and
regulate body
temperature
Feathers to fly;
glands secrete
oily substances to
keep feathers
waterproof;
colorful for
communication
Frogs, Toads,
Salamanders
Alligator,
Lizards,
Snakes
Birds
Picture of
Adaptation
Examples
Skin:
Jellyfish, worms,
insects,
crustaceans
Fish
The main organ of the integumentary system is the skin.
It contains three layers known as the epidermis, dermis, and the
subcutaneous, which is the underlying layer of fat for insulation.
1. Epidermis
•
outer layer approximately 10-30 cells thick
•
covered in pores
•
Hair and nails protude from this layer
•
contains melanin pigment that gives skin its color
2. Dermis
•
thickest layer
•
contains blood vessels, muscles, nerves, hair follicles, sweat glands and subaceous (oil) glands
Levels of Organization
Fun Fact: Believe it or not, the integumentary system is the ________ organ system and your _____ is the
largest organ in your body.
Interactions with Other Body Systems
❖ Skin is the first line of defense in the immune system response.
❖ The circulatory system and skin regulate body temperature.
❖ Skin and the excretory system excrete water, urea, salts, and other wastes through sweat.
Receptors of the nervous system are located in skin.