Final Program - Registration - CGI-PCO

Transcription

22nd Canadian Hydrotechnical Conference
22e Conférence canadienne sur l’hydrotechnique
Water for Sustainable Development: Coping with Climate and Environmental Changes
L’eau pour le développement durable : adaptation aux changements du climat et de l’environnement
Fairmont The Queen Elizabeth | Fairmont Le Reine Elizabeth
April 29 - May 2 | 29 avril - 2 mai 2015
Final Program
Credit : © Tourisme Montréal, Stéphan Poulin
22nd Canadian Hydrotechnical Conference
22e Conférence canadienne sur l’hydrotechnique
Water for Sustainable Development: Coping with Climate and Environmental Changes
L’eau pour le développement durable : adaptation aux changements du climat et de l’environnement
Fairmont The Queen Elizabeth | Fairmont Le Reine Elizabeth
April 29 - May 2 | 29 avril - 2 mai 2015
DAY 3 - MAY 1 - FRIDAY
DAY 2 - APRIL 30 - THURSDAY
Welcome and Opening Remarks 9:00 - 9:30
Keynote Lectures 09:30 -11:00
Keynote Lecture 1: Water Security - Priority Needs in a Climate Chanigng World - Ed McBean
Keynote Lecture 2: Coupled Modeling of Atmospheric-Hydrologic Processes at Watershed Scale with
Application to Unfgauged & Sparsely-gauged
Watersheds - M. Levent Kavvas
Keynote Lectures 8:30 - 10:00
Keynote Lecture 3: Environmental Hydraulics of Chlorine Disinfection for the Hong Kong Harbour Area
Treatment Scheme - Joseph Hun-wei LEE
Keynote Lecture 4: Challenges of the Water Information System: needs and opportunities - Philippe Gourbesville
10:00 - 10:20
Short Course: 08:30-17:00
Coffee Break 11:00 -11:15
Integrated 1D-2D
Flood Modeling for
Session 1A:
Urban and Rural
HYDROLOGIC EXTREMES AND
Watersheds with
CLIMATE CHANGE 1
EPA SWMM5 and
PCSWMM
Computer Hydraulics
International
Session 2A:
HYDROLOGIC EXTREMES AND
CLIMATE CHANGE 2
CSCE Hydrotechnical Award Presentations
Parellel Sessions 11:15 - 12:35
Session 1B:
ADAPTIVE WATER
MANAGEMENT IN A
CHANGING CLIMATE
Session 1C:
COASTAL HYDRAULICS
Coffee Break/Poster Sessions 10:20 -10:40
Session 1D:
TURBULENT MIXING &
ENTRAINMENT
Lunch 12:35 - 13:45
Session 4A:
CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS
AND ADAPTATION 2
Session 4B:
EXPERIMENTAL AND
COMPUTATIONAL
HYDRAULICS 1
Session 4C:
URBAN FLOOD RISK
MANAGEMENT AND
ADAPTATION
Session 4D:
DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS
Session 2B:
Session 2C:
SOME EMERGING
FLOODNET - A STRATEGIC
TECHNOLOGIES IN
RESEARCH NETWORK ON
HYDROLOGIC MODELING
FLOODS IN CANADA
Session 5A:
STRATEGIES FOR EFFICIENT
WATER RESOURCES
PLANNING
Session 5B:
EXPERIMENTAL AND
COMPUTATIONAL
HYDRAULICS 2
Session 5C:
DAM BREACH AND
LANDSLIDE
Session 3D:
FLOOD HYDRAULICS AND
HYDROLOGY
Session 6A:
Special Session by the National Research Council of Canada: Kenue Joint Industry Partnership kick-off Meeting HYDRAULIC STRUCTURE
MODELING AND DESIGN
(BLUE and GREEN Kenue technologies for Hydraulics and Hydrology)
Coffee Break/Poster Sessions 15:10 -15:30
Parellel Sessions 1530 - 17:10
Session 6B:
Session 6C:
SUSTAINABLE WATER
SEDIMENT AND TRANSPORT
MODELING
RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
17:00 - 18:00
Free Night
Session 5D:
GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE
DESIGN AND LAND USE
CHANGES
CONFERENCE END
Session 3B:
Session 3A:
Session 3C:
CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS & HYDROINFORMATICS TOOLS FLUVIAL HYDRAULICS 1
ADAPTATION 1
Stormwater
Management and LID
Practices in Canada:
Updates, New
Developments and
Trends
Prof. James Li &
Gilles Rivard, PE, MSc.
Lunch 12:20 -13:30
Session 2D:
LAKE HYDRAULICS
Coffee Break/Poster Sessions 15:45 - 16:00
WELCOME
RECEPTION
18:00 - 19:30
DAY 4 - MAY 2 - SATURDAY
Short Course: 08:30-12:30
DAY 1
APRIL 29 - WEDNESDAY
CONFERENCE BANQUET 18:30 - 21:00
Session 6D:
FLUVIAL HYDRAULICS 2
Table of Contents
Welcome from conference chair............................................................................................................................................................... 4
Conference organizing committee ........................................................................................................................................................... 5
Conference program ........................................................................................................................................................................... 6-19
Exhibitors in the tradeshow ................................................................................................................................................................... 20
Sponsoring organizations ....................................................................................................................................................................... 21
Keynote addresses – Summaries ............................................................................................................................................................ 22
Abstracts for paper presentations .................................................................................................................................................... 23-56
(Sorted by paper number)
Index by author … .............................................................................................................................................................................. 57-79
Full papers are available on the CSCE conference website.
To access click the link to the full papers listed by session ID.
Certificate of attendance: If you would like us to email you a
certificate of attendance please advise the staff at registration or email us.
3
CSCE 22nd Hydrotechnical Conference | Montreal, Quebec | April 29 - May 2, 2015
Welcome Message
Welcome to Montreal and the CSCE 22nd Canadian Hydrotechnical Conference
On behalf of the Organizing Committee and the Hydrotechnical Council of the Canadian Society for Civil
Engineering, it gives me great pleasure to warmly welcome you to the 22nd Canadian Hydrotechnical Conference,
and especially to our beautiful City of Montreal, Quebec. This conference is a continuation of our great tradition
to bring together hydrotechnical professionals in Canada and from other countries every two years. We are therefore excited about this gathering and the opportunity to welcome all of you to Montreal to discuss topical issues in our hydrotechnical field.
The main theme of this year’s conference is focused on the sustainable management of water resources in the context of climate
and environmental changes. This conference will hence provide a unique and exciting opportunity for delegates to interact and
to share their knowledge and visions on this challenging topic. You will be able to share your experience and to discuss a wide
range of critical water resources issues in the 4 keynote and 24 technical sessions that have been scheduled at this meeting. You
have also the opportunity to take advantage of two short courses dealing with the latest developments of the US EPA SWMM
model and the stormwater management and LID practices in Canada as well as a special event organized by the National Research
Council of Canada on the recent development of the Blue and Green Kenue technologies for Hydraulics and Hydrology.
I believe this unique gathering will produce meaningful outcomes relevant to your educational and professional interests, and I
am confident that our attractive Montreal city and its unique culture will make your stay a memorable experience.
I am looking forward to meeting each of you here in Montreal.
Sincerely,
Van-Thanh-Van Nguyen, PhD, ing.
Conference General Chair
4
Conference organizing committee
We wish to recognize the outstanding contribution of our Committees to the organization of this conference:
Conference General Chair: Van-Thanh-Van Nguyen, McGill University
Local Organizing Committee:
Chair: Van-Thanh-Van Nguyen, McGill University
Vincent H. Chu, McGill University
Jan Adamowski, McGill University
Gilles Rivard, Lasalle/NHC Inc.
Louis André Rinfret, MH2O Inc.
Diana Qing Tao, Tetra Tech Inc.
Technical Program Committee
Chair: Vincent H. Chu, McGill University
Co-Chair: Jan Adamowski, McGill University
Paulin Coulibaly, McMaster University
Nassir El-Jabi, University of Moncton
Amin Elshorbagy, University of Saskatchewan
Philippe Gourbesville, Nice Sophia Antipolis University, France
Jeanne Huang, Tianjin University, China
Tew-Fik Mahdi, École Polytechnique de Montréal
Gregory Lawrence, University of British Columbia
James Li, Ryerson University
S. Samuel Li, Concordia University
Shie-Yui Liong, National University of Singapore
Leonard M. Lye, Memorial University of Newfoundland
Ed McBean, University of Guelph
Ioan Nistor, University of Ottawa
Peter Rasmussen, University of Manitoba
Slobodan Simonovic, Western University
André St-Hilaire, INRS-ETE, University of Quebec
Marc Villeneuve, Lasalle-NHC
Yee-Chung Jin, University of Regina
Fayi Zhou, City of Edmonton
Exhibits and Sponsorship Committee:
Chair: Gilles Rivard. Lasalle/NHC Inc.
Co-chair: Michael Bender, Golder Associates
Arbind Mainali, City of Edmonton
Diana Qing Tao, Tetra Tech Inc.
Louis André Rinfret, MH2O Inc.
5
Conference Program
WEDNESDAY APRIL 29
07:30 – 17:00
Registration
Conference Level foyer
08:30 – 17:00
Short Course: Integrated 1D-2D Flood Modeling for Urban and Rural Watersheds with EPA SWMM5 and
PCSWMM
Computational Hydraulics International
Room: Saint Laurent
18:00 – 19:30
Welcome Reception
Room: Hochelaga 6
THURSDAY APRIL 30
07:30 - 17:00
Registration
Room: Conference Level foyer
07:30 - 09:00
Networking Continental Breakfast
Room: Mackenzie
09:00 - 09:30
Welcome and Opening Remarks
Room: Marquette
Van Thanh Van Nguyen
Conference General Chair
Chair, Department of Civil Engineering and Applied Mechanics
Director, Brace Centre for Water Resources Management
Professor, Endowed Brace Chair in Civil Engineering
McGill University
Michael Bender, Chair of CSCE Hydrotechnical Council
Golder Associates, Ltd
Alain Bourque, General Director
OURANOS Consortium on Regional Climatology and Adaptation to Climate Change
Jim Nicell
Dean, Faculty of Engineering, McGill University
09:30 - 11:00
6
KEYNOTE LECTURE 1: Water Security – Priority Needs in a Climate Changing World
Ed McBean
Professor and Canada Research Chair in Water Supply Security
University of Guelph, Canada
There remains no question that the climate of the world is changing. There is widespread
evidence that more intensive precipitation events and increasing temperature trends are taking place
throughout the world. While these trends in records are widely demonstrating that the climate is changing, they are only indicators as to how we must adapt our understanding of water security issues. It is
difficult to describe in words how climate change risks will influence the many other dimensions of water
security since there are so many dimensions of interrelationships. While increases in rainfall intensity are
evident, the changing rainfall intensities will, for example, transport manure and animal feces in runoff,
increase suspended solids in waterbodies (soil fluvial erosion), waterborne disease outbreaks will increase,
sewage backup into homes will result in increased I/I flows and flood-related damage to the infrastructure
will take place. As well, increases in water temperatures will increase algal bloom frequencies, provide
more favorable conditions for zebra mussel growth, increase microbial activity, and increase production
of corrosive hydrogen sulfide. Even this substantial list, is only a part of the array of potential water security issues, where we expect to see increases in air temperature, the melting of permafrost, changing
snowmelt conditions, sea level rise and influence on coastal areas, infrastructure design capacity will be
influenced by out-of-date flood maps and out-of-date intensity-duration frequency curves, lack of water
treatment capacity due to demand increases, and the capacity of wastewater treatment and sewage conveyance capacities (including the effects of increased populations and aging infrastructure). Clearly, the
pathways ahead when dealing with the influence of climate change on water security are ominous. Water
security issues will become one of the most important issues being faced by societies in the 21st century.
The presentation will utilize specific examples to demonstrate the experience that is being gathered, to
describe some of the climate change impacts becoming evident (particularly in relation to aging infrastructure, urbanization and climate change risks). As well, the interconnections between elements of climate change risks as they translate to other dimensions of water systems are described. The interrelated
character of the influence of climate change will translate to impacts on all municipal-related water infrastructure, such that more encompassing understanding of the risks for municipal water infrastructure
need to be entertained – the implications to the complexity of municipal engineering are enormous.
Conference Program
KEYNOTE LECTURE 2: Coupled Modeling of Atmospheric-Hydrologic Processes at Watershed Scale with
Application to Ungauged and Sparsely-Gauged Watersheds
M. Levent Kavvas
Gerald and Lillian Orlob Endowed Chair and Distinguished Professor of Water Resources Engineering
University of California-Davis, USA
The modeling of the earth system at watersheds of varying spatial scale as a fully-coupled system of
atmospheric processes aloft coupled with atmospheric boundary layer, land surface processes, and surface
and subsurface hydrologic processes is described. The interactions among the various component
processes within the earth system over a specified watershed region are described, and an approach for
modeling these interactions is discussed. The fundamental issues of nonlinearity and spatial scaling of
conservation equations and heterogeneity in the system are discussed, and a theoretical framework is
proposed. The proposed modeling approach is useful at watersheds which have heterogeneous topography and land use/cover because its hydrologic model components are based on upscaled hydrologic
governing equations and parameters that scale with the modeling grid scales within watersheds. The
application of the described modeling methodology to ungauged and sparsely-gauged watersheds is presented.
11:00 - 11:15
Networking Break
11:15 - 12:35
Session 1A: HYDROLOGIC EXTREMES AND CLIMATE CHANGE 1
Room: Saint Laurent
Session Chair: Jinhui Huang
CSCE2015-1A1
An Integrated Extreme Rainfall Modeling Tool for Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation in Urban
Areas
Myeong-Ho Yeo and Van-Thanh-Van Nguyen
McGill University
CSCE2015-95
Development of Regional Storm Frequency Maps for the Upper Yangtze River Basin and Its Application
to Assess Climate Change
Jinhui Huang and Yu Li
Nankai University, China
CSCE2015-46
Changes in Heavy Rainstorm Characteristics with Time and Temperature
Barry Palynchuk and Yiping Guo
AECOM Canada Ltd.
CSCE2015-87
Investigation of the Impact of Climate Change on Flooding In the Red River Basin
Peter Rasmussen
University of Manitoba
11:15 - 12:35
Session 1B: ADAPTIVE WATER MANAGEMENT IN A CHANGING CLIMATE
Room: Saint Gatineau
Session Chairs: Ed McBean and Slobodan Simonovic
CSCE2015-26
Perceptions of Environmental Flows and Ecological Restoration – A Document Analysis
Kate Reilly and Jan Adamowski
McGill University
CSCE2015-27
Environmental Flow and Economy in the Bow River Basin: Reaching a Compromise through a Hydroeconomic Model
Jordan Gonda, Amin Elshorbagy and Howard Wheater
University of Saskatchewan
7
Conference Program
CSCE2015-28
Integrated Water Resource Management under Water Supply and Irrigation Development Uncertainty
Elmira Hassan Zadeh, Amin Elshorbagy, Ali Nazemi, Howard Wheater and Patricia Gober
CSCE2015-129
Dynamic River Modelling For Flood Risk Management
Shohan Ahmad, Slobodan P. Simonovic
University of Western Ontario
11:15 - 12:35
Session 1C: COASTAL HYDRAULICS
Room: Bersimis
Session Chairs: Hitoshi Tanaka and Ioan Nistor
CSCE2015-18
Recovery of Concave Shoreline Induced By the 2011 Tokoku Tsunami
Hitoshi Tanaka, Vo Cong Hoang and Yuta Mitobe
Tohoku University, Japan
CSCE2015-36
Optimal Use of Delft 3d Software for Wave Induced Coastal Erosion
Guillaume Lamothe and Tew-Fik Mahdi
École Polytechnique de Montréal
CSCE2015-30
An Experimental Investigation of Bore-Induced Scour around a Circular Structure
Alexandra Lavictoire, Ioan Nistor and Colin Rennie
University of Ottawa
CSCE2015-39
An Efficient Use of a Physical Model to Verify the Performance of Coastal Structures at Two Harbours in
Oman
Paul Knox, Graham Frank, Scott Baker and Andrew Cornett
National Research Council of Canada
11:15 - 12:35
Session 1D: TURBULENT MIXING AND ENTRAINMENT
Room: Peribonka
Session Chairs: Amruthur Ramamurthy and Majid Mohammadian
CSCE2015-127
Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Saline Discharges in Stationary Ambient
Saeideh Kheradmand, Ousmane Seidou, Majid Mohammadian and Hossein Kheirkhah
CSCE2015-116
Experimental and Numerical Study of Thermal Buoyant Wall Jet in Calm Ambient Water
Hassan Alfaifi, Majid Mohammadian and Hossein Kheirkhah
CSCE2015-91
The Effect of a Turbulent Background on the Concentration Field of a High-Schmidt-Number Passive Scalar
within a Turbulent Jet
Alejandro Perez-Alvarado, Susan Gaskin, Laurent Mydlarski
McGill University
CSCE2015-105
A Procedure to Measure Reynolds Stresses in the Flow Field of Hydroclones
Mustafa Al Kayed, RahimTadayon, M.Alkayeed
Concordia University
12:35 - 13:45
8
Lunch
Room: Mackenzie
Conference Program
13:45 - 15:45
Session 2A: HYDROLOGIC EXTREMES AND CLIMATE CHANGE 2
Room: Saint Laurent
Session Chairs: Nassir El-Jabi and M. Naveed Khaliq
CSCE2015-80
Estimation of Design Stream Flow with Parametric Frequency Pairing Method
Jasmine Kang and Robert G Millar
University of British Columbia
CSCE2015-29
Probable Maximum Flood under Changing Climate Conditions for the Mattagami River Basin
John Perdikaris, Anne Frigon and Kristina Koenig
Ontario Power Generation
CSCE2015-11
Anticipated Alteration in Extreme Events Utilizing Bias Correction of Two Climate Model Outputs for the
South Nation Watershed
Abdullah Alodah and Ousmane Seidou
CSCE2015-84
Climate Change and Storm Surges in the Hudson and James Bays
Alexandre Massé, Jean-Pierre Savard, Marc Villeneuve and Corina Rosu
LaSalle|NHC
CSCE2015-35
Climate Change Influenced Flooding and Sea Level Rise on Canada’s West Coast
Angela Peck and Slobodan P. Simonovic
CSCE2015-130
Future Flooding Increase: Prediction and Probable Cause – A Case Study of Vietnam Central Coastal Area
Ngoc Duong Vo and Philippe Gourbesville
University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, France
13:45 - 15:45
Session 2B: SOME EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES IN HYDROLOGIC MODELING
(Special Session by University of California-Davis, USA)
Room: Gatineau
Session Chair: M. Levent Kavvas, University of California-Davis
CSCE2015-2B1
Ensemble Modeling Of Hydrologic Processes at One Shot: Modeling Stochastic Kinematic Wave Open
Channel by the Stochastic Method of Characteristics
Ali Ecran and M. Levent Kavvas
University of California-Davis
CSCE2015-2B2
Climate Change Projection of Snow Cover Over Three Mountainous In Northern California
Chen Jiongfeng, K. Ishida, T.Q. Toan, S. Jang, N. Ohara and M.L. Kavvas
CSCE2015-2B3
Numerical Atmospheric Hydrological Modeling Based Probable Maximum Precipitation Estimation
K. Ishida, M.L. Kavvas, S. Jang, N. Ohara, Z.Q. Chen and M.L. Anderson
CSCE2015-2B4
Scaling Method for the Saturated Groundwater Equations
James Polsinelli
9
Conference Program
CSCE2015-2B5
Sediment Transport Scaling and Self-Similarity: Application to the One-Dimensional Non-Equilibrium Suspended Sediment Transport Process
Kara Carr
CSCE2015-2B6
Numerical Atmospheric Hydrologic Modeling-Based Flood Frequency Analysis for Cache Creek Watershed
T. Trinh, S. Jang, K. Ishida, Z.Q. Chen and M.L. Kavvas
13:45 - 15:45
Session 2C: FLOODNET - A STRATEGIC RESEARCH NETWORK ON FLOODS IN CANADA
Room: Bersimis
Session Chair: Paulin Coulibaly, McMaster University
CSCE2015-2C1
Overview of Floodnet
Paulin Coulibaly, Donald H. Burn, Peter Rasmussen, Francois Anctil, Marguerite A. Xenopoulos and VanThanh-Van Nguyen
McMaster University
CSCE2015-2C2
Flood Regimes in Canada: Learning from the Past and Preparing For the Future
Donald H. Burn, Paulin Coulibaly, Peter Rasmussen, Fahim Ashkar and Thian Y. Gan
University of Waterloo
CSCE2015-2C3
Development of New Methods for Updating IDF Curves in Canada
Van-Thanh-Van Nguyen
McGill University
CSCE2015-2C4
Quantifying and Reducing Predictive Uncertainty of Floods
François Anctil
Laval University
CSCE2015-2C5
Evaluation of Flood Forecasting and Warning Systems in Canada
Peter Rasmussen
CSCE2015-2C6
Risk Analysis of Physical, Socio-Economic, and Environmental Impacts of Floods
Marguerite Xenopoulos
Trent University
13:45 - 15:45
Session 2D: LAKE HYDRAULICS
Room: Peribonka
Session Chairs: Gregory Lawrence and Joseph Lee
CSCE2015-138
Potential Mixing Mechanisms in End Pit Lakes
Gregory Lawrence
CSCE2015-110
Brackish Pit Lakes Approaching Fall Turnover
Davood Hasanloo, Roger Pieters and Gregory Lawrence
10
Conference Program
CSCE2015-122
Effects of Spectral Variation in the Attenuation Co-Efficient On the Heating of Lakes
Yasmin Nassar, Roger Pieters and Gregory Lawrence
CSCE2015-117
Echosoundings in Base Mine Lake
Edmund Tedford, Roger Pieters and Gregory A. Lawrence
CSCE2015-123
Under-Ice Circulation in Lakes Driven By Salt Exclusion
Cynthia Bluteau, Roger Pieters and Gregory Lawrence
15:45 - 16:00
Networking Break
16:00 - 17:00
Session 3A: CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS AND ADAPTATION 1
Room: Saint Laurent
Session Chair: Zhiming Qi
CSCE2015-99
Modeling Impacts of Climate Change on Hydrologic Processes in Subsurface Drained Croplands Using an
Agricultural System Model
Zhiming Qi
McGill University
CSCE2015-61
The Lake Champlain-Haut Richelieu Hydric System: Climate and Anthropogenic Changes and Adaptation
Pierre Dupuis
WSP Canada Inc.
CSCE2015-86
Influences of ENSO, NAO, and PDO on Canada’s Monthly Streamflow: Trends and Variability
Deasy Nalley, Jan Adamowski, Bahaa Khalil and Asim Biswas
McGill University
16:00 - 17:00
Session 3B: HYDROINFORMATICS TOOLS
Room: Gatineau
Session Chair: André St-Hilaire
CSCE2015-9
Breathing New Life to an Older Model: The Cequeau Tool for Flow and Water Temperature Simulations
and Forecasting
André St-Hilaire, Sébastien Ouellet-Proulx, Samah Larabi, Marie-Amélie Boucher, Marco Latraverse
INRS-ÉTÉ
CSCE2015-65
L-Moments Based Novel Record-Extension Technique for Short-Gauged Water Quality Parameters
Bahaa Khalil, Ayman G. Awadallah, Jan Adamowski, Eman Hassan
McGill University
CSCE2015-89
Estimation of Mean Monthly Flows at Ungauged Locations in the Maritimes and Pacific Hydrologic
Regions
M. Naveed Khaliq, Wayne Jenkinson, James Bomhof, Martin Serrer, Erika Klyszejko
National Research Council Canada
CSCE2015-242
Design of Riprap by Optimization of Neural Network Input Using a Spread Sheet
Abdelhamid El Tahan
Arab academy for science Technology and Maritime Transport, Cairo, Egypt
11
Conference Program
16:00 - 17:00
Session 3C: FLUVIAL HYDRAULICS 1
Room: Bersimis
Session Chairs: Van Thinh Nguyen and Michael Bender
CSCE2015-51
Evaluation Of Existing Equations For Estimating Bank Erosion In Meandering Streams
Mosen Ebrahimi and Ana Maria Ferreira da Silva
Queen's University
CSCE2015-76
The Hydraulics of River Groynes / Spurs and Their Application to the Bow River after the June 2013 Flood
Andrew Oosting, Michael Bender, Saul Marin and Shouhong Wu
Golder Associates Ltd.
CSCE2015-220
3D Numerical Simulation of Turbulent Flow and Pollutant Transport in Meandering Channels
Van Thinh Nguyen and Donghae Baek
Seoul National University, Korea
16:00 - 17:00
Session 3D: FLOOD HYDRAULICS AND HYDROLOGY
Room: Peribonka
Session Chairs: Philippe Gourbesville and Heather McGrath
CSCE2015-70
Two Dimensional Hydrodynamic Model Development for Complex Floodplain Studies
Junying Qu, David Brown and Ron Kaatz
KGS Group
CSCE2015-62
Framework for the Development of Flood Inundation Maps at the Press of a Button
Heather McGrath, Miroslav Nastev and E. Stefanakis
University of New Brunswick
CSCE2015-109
2D High Resolution River Flood Simulations in Urban Environment: Global Sensitivity Analysis for Spatial
Ranking of Uncertain parameters
Morgan Abily, Olivier Delestre, Nathalie Bertrand and Philippe Gourbesville
17:00 -18:00
SPECIAL SESSION by the National Research Council of Canada
Kenue Joint Industry Partnership Kick-off Meeting
(Blue and Green Kenue technologies for Hydraulics and Hydrology)
FRIDAY MAY 1
07:30 - 17:00
Registration
07:30 - 08:30
Networking Continental Breakfast
Room: Mackenzie
Keynote Lectures
Room: Marquette
Session Chairs: Vincent Chu and Gilles Rivard
08:30 -10:00
12
KEYNOTE LECTURE 3: Environmental Hydraulics of Chlorine Disinfection for the Hong Kong Harbour
Area Treatment Scheme
Joseph Hun-wei Lee, BSc, MSc and PhD
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
Conference Program
The Hong Kong Harbour Area Treatment Scheme (HATS) consists of a 24 km long deep tunnel sewerage
system that collects and conveys sewage from the urban areas of Hong Kong to a centralized sewage
treatment plant at Stonecutters Island since 2001. A sewage flow of 1.4 million m3/d receives Chemically
Enhanced Primary Treatment (CEPT) followed by discharge through a 1.2 km outfall in the western Victoria Harbour. In order to protect the nearby marine beaches, chlorination facilities have been put into
operation to provide disinfection to the treated sewage since 2010. Sodium hypochlorite solution is injected at high concentrations in the form of multiple dense jets (relative density 1.2) into the sewage
cross flow in a flow distribution chamber (FDC). The mixing and transport of chlorine in the FDC and the
downstream chlorine contact culverts, and the complex chemical consumption of chlorine under different
conditions play important roles in determining the sewage effluent quality. In addition to pollution source
loads, the beach water quality is also determined by the trapping of the buoyant wastewater in a stratified tidal flow, and bacterial mortality under depth-dependent and changing hydro-meteorological conditions.
The disinfection operation has brought about significant improvements to the marine water quality in
Victoria Harbour. While chlorine is an effective disinfectant for reducing pathogen levels, it is also toxic
to aquatic life. There are also concerns with optimal chlorine dosage control which will help minimize
environmental impact, reduce energy consumption and operation cost whilst preserving the protection
of the water quality of beaches, seawater intakes and other sensitive receivers.
The lecture will highlight several key aspects of the fluid mechanics of disinfection dosage control in a
modern wastewater treatment and disposal system: (i) the fluid mechanics of dense jets including the internal hydraulics of the chlorine dosing units; (ii) hydraulics of the disinfection channels and submarine
multiport rosette diffuser system; (iii) the field validation of daily beach water quality forecasts by the
WATERMAN real time forecast system for smart cities. The WATERMAN system has also been applied for
emergency response in pollution accidents and development of operational strategies.
KEYNOTE LECTURE 4: Challenges of the Water Information System: Needs and Opportunities
Philippe GOURBESVILLE
Nice Sophia Antipolis University / Polytech Nice Sophia
The massive and rapid spread of communicating devices within the Society and their application to the
industrial sectors is not really coordinated. The current situation in the water domain is characterized by
a low level of maturity concerning standardization of ICT solutions and business processes. In such context,
Hydroinformatics methods and tools have to adapt and demonstrate their capacities to become an essential component of the Water Information System which is now gradually appearing. The pillars for
the development of this vision are the various business processes which are taking place in the 3 water
domains: water uses, water hazard mitigation and water resources preservation. The new developments
within the Hydroinformatic field have to integrate key concepts like interoperability and sustainability
in order to cope with the needs of water professionals who are operating in the various domains. The
emerging technologies like M2M or Ubiquitous Computing allow developing new methods and approaches which may overcome the restricted and limited definition of Hydroinformatic tools to numerical
modeling systems. After the introduction of several major concepts, the given presentation will illustrate
the new possibilities offered to Hydroinformatics methods with examples regarding high performance
computing and high resolution modeling, error propagation and real time monitoring.
10:00 -10:20
CSCE Hydrotechnical Award Presentation
10:20 - 10:40
Networking Break
10:40 - 12:20
Session 4A: CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS AND ADAPTATION 2
Room: Saint Laurent
Session Chair: Peter Rasmussen
CSCE2015-82
Investigating Seasonal Modeling of Flow Series for Nashwaak River, NB, Canada
Shabnam Mostofi Zadeh and Donald H. Burn
13
Conference Program
CSCE2015-4A2
Comparison of Multisite and Single-Site Temperature Downscaling Effects on Streamflow and Runoff
Simulation
Alireza Zareie, Mahzabeen Rahman and V-T-V Nguyen
McGill University
CSCE2015-32
Decision-Making under Climate Uncertainty in the Hydroelectric Sector
David Huard, Michael Vieira, Nathalie Thiémonge and René Roy
Ouranos
CSCE2015-83
Analysis and Monitoring Of Watercourses in Urban Environments for Sustainable Development and
Adaptation to Climate Change – The Lorette River Case Study
François Groux, Pierre Pelletier and Leila Ouahit
WSP Canada
CSCE2015-44
Predicted Changes in Peace River Channel Morphology and Sediment Transport Related To the Site C
Clean Energy Project
Craig Nistor, Violeta Martin
Knight Piesold Ltd.
10:40 – 12:20
Session 4B: EXPERIMENTAL AND COMPUTATIONAL HYDRAULICS 1
Room: Gatineau
Session Chairs: Gregory Lawrence and Amruther Ramamurthy
CSCE2015-121
Undular Waves in Subcritical Flow over an Obstacle
Gregory Lawrence
CSCE2015-107
Experimental Study of Wake Characteristics of Shallow Flow past Tandem Cylinders
Mehdi Heidari, Vesselina Roussinova, Ramaswami Balachandar and Ron Barron
University of Windsor
CSCE2015-114
Shear Instability in High-Speed Shallow Flows
Shooka Karimpour and Vincent H. Chu
McGill University
CSCE2015-115
Mixing In Shallow Waters at High Froude Number
Shooka Karimpour and Vincent H. Chu
McGill University
CSCE2015-104
V-Shaped Multi-Slit Weir Systems
Amruther Ramamurthy, Jinying Qu
10:40 – 12:20
Session 4C: URBAN FLOOD RISK MANAGEMENT AND ADAPTATION
Room: Bersimis
Session Chairs: Gilles Rivard and James Li
CSCE2015-13
Evaluation of Stormwater Low Impact Development Practices for the Lake Simcoe Regions
James Li, Darko Joksimovic and Doug Banting
Ryerson University
14
Conference Program
CSCE2015-68
Application of Gauge-Adjusted Weather Radar for Hydrology
Jack McKee, Mark Helsten, Mark Shifflett and Andrew Binns
The University of Western Ontario
CSCE2015-53
Design of a Novel Vortex Drop Structure for Large Stormwater Flows
Genevieve Kenny and Bernardo Majano
RV Anderson Associates Limited
CSCE2015-58
Flow Development and Retention Times in a Vortex-Type Storm Water Retention Pond
Rocky Chowdhury, Kerry Anne Mazurek, Gordon Putz and Cory Albers
CSCE2015-16
Determining the Optimal Time Delay Embedding Parameters of Urban Water Supply System Signals
John Quilty, Jan Adamowski
McGill University
10:40 - 12:20
Session 4D: DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS
Room: Peribonka
Session Chair: Yiping Guo
CSCE2015-72
Converting Wastes to Resources: A Decision-Support Model for Short-Rotation Coppice Systems Planning
and Management
Huy T. Nguyen, Evan G. R. Davies, Miles Dyck, Martin Blank, Richard Krygier
McGill University
CSCE2015-118
Use of Groundwater Table Variation to Optimize the Design of Shallow and Deep Monitoring Well
Networks
James Leach, Paulin Coulibaly, Yiping Guo
McMaster University
CSCE2015-54
Development and Operation of the Great Lakes Storm Surge Operational System
Patrick Delaney, Gord Gallant, Henrik Hansen
DHI Water & Environment
CSCE2015-55
Using Detailed 2d Urban Floodplain Modelling To Inform Development Planning in Mississauga, ON.
Patrick Delaney, Qiao Yin, Nick Lorrain, Tim Mereu
CSCE2015-74
3D Hydraulic Modeling to Support Hydrotechnical Design and Decision-Making Process
Nicolas Guillemette, Vincent Métivier, Gilles Bourgeois, Pierre Pelletier and Jean-Luc Daviau
WSP Canada Inc.
12:20 - 13:30
Lunch
Room: Mackenzie
13:30 - 15:10
Session 5A: STRATEGIES FOR EFFICIENT WATER RESOURCES PLANNING
Room: Saint Laurent
Session Chair: Jan Adamowski
CSCE2015-47
The Effect of Renaissance Dam on the Egyptian Water Budget
Abdelhamid El-Tahan, Mohamed Hossam
Arab academy for science Technology and Maritime Transport, Cairo, Egypt
15
Conference Program
CSCE2015-132
Role of Plantain Peel Biochar in Enhancing Safe Use of Untreated Wastewater
Christopher Nzediegwu, Shiv Om Prasher, Abdul Ehsan Mannan, Eman Elsayed, Jaskaran Dhiman
McGill University
CSCE2015-10
Development of a Reilp Approach for Long-Term Planning of WRM System in Saudi Arabia
Badir Alsaeed, Lei Liu
Dalhousie University
CSCE2015-133
Use of Super Absorbent Polymers (Hydrogels) to Promote Safe Use of Wastewater in Agriculture
Jaskaran Dhiman, Shiv o. Prasher, Abdul Mannan, Eman Elsayed, Christopher Nzediegwu
McGill University
13:30 - 15:10
Session 5B: EXPERIMENTAL AND COMPUTATIONAL HYDRAULICS 2
Room: Gatineau
Session Chairs: Violeta Martin and Joseph Lee
CSCE2015-206
Measurement of Scour Profiles around Bridge Piers in Channel Flow with and Without Ice Cover
Peng Wu and Ramaswami Balachandar
CSCE2015-103
Simulation of Flow past an Open Channel Floor Slot
Amruthur Ramamurthy and Jinying Qu
CSCE2015-102
Nonlinear PLS Method for Side Weir Flows
Amruthur Ramamurthy, Jinying Qu
CSCE2015-100
Discharge Characteristics of Siphon Spillways
Amruthur Ramamurthy and Rahim Tadayon
CSCE2015-38
Hydrodynamic Modelling of Intakes for Run-of-River Hydroelectric Projects
Violeta Martin
Knight Piesold Ltd.
13:30 – 15:10
Session 5C: DAM BREACH AND LANDSLIDE
Room: Bersimis
Session Chairs: Tew-Fik Mahdi and Amruthur Ramamurthy
CSCE2015-85
Probabilistic Method to Evaluate the Peak Outflow of Dam Failures by Overtopping
Youssef Bentaiebi, Tew-Fik Mahdi and Claude Marche
CSCE2015-23
Modeling and Simulation of Tailings Dam Breaches Using SPH
Atilla Zsaki, P. Daneshvar
CSCE2015-41
Numerical Simulation of Dam Break Flows Using Depth-Averaged Hydrodynamic and Three-Dimensional
CFD Models
Daniel Robb and Jose Vasquez
Northwest Hydraulic Consultants
16
Conference Program
CSCE2015-106
Characteristics of Flow around Open Channel 90° Bends with Vanes
Amruthur Ramamurthy, S.S.Han, and P. Biron
CSCE2015-50
Three-Dimensional Numerical Simulations of Subaerial Landslide Generated Waves
William Daley Clohan, Bernard Laval and Jose Vasquez
Golder Associates
13:30 - 15:10
Session 5D: GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE DESIGN AND LAND USE CHANGES
Room: Peribonka
Session Chairs: Victor Muñoz and Marc Villeneuve
CSCE2015-124
Tidal In-Stream Power Resource Potential
Joel Atwater and Gregory Lawrence
CSCE2015-31
Using Regional Data Exploration to Improve Understanding of Local Hydrologic Parameters: Three Practical Cases in Canada, Mexico and Turkey
Victor Muñoz
SRK Consulting
CSCE2015-79
Comprehensive Numerical Model of the St. Lawrence Estuary between Quebec City and Rimouski – Application to Hydrodynamics, Wave and Sediment Transport
Catherine Denault and Marc Villeneuve
Lasalle|NHC
CSCE2015-20
The Effect of Sand Grain Size on the Development of Cyanobacterial Crusts
Offer Rozenstein, E Zaady, I Katra, A. Karnieli, J Adamowski, H Yizhaq
McGill University
15:10 -15:30
Networking Break
Conference Level Foyer
15:30 -17:30
Session 6A: HYDRAULIC STRUCTURE MODELING AND DESIGN
Room: Saint Laurent
Session Chairs: Samuel Li and Marc Villeneuve
CSCE2015-33
Abrasion of Hydraulic Structures Concrete Surface by Water-Borne Sand
Mohammad Sabbir Hasan, Attila Zsaki, S. Samuel Li and Michelle Nokken
CSCE2015-78
Romaine Hydroelectric Complex – Scale Model Optimization of the Hydraulic Structures
Marc Villeneuve and Marc Barbet
Lasalle|NHC
CSCE2015-21
Physical Modelling and Design Optimizations for President Kennedy Terminal, Brazil
Scott Baker, Paul Knox, Keyvan Mahlujy and Andrew Cornett
CSCE2015-73
Innovative Wave Analysis Approach for Decision-Making – Case Study: Mont-Louis Wharf Rehabilitation
Steve Renaud, Pierre Dupuis, Justin McKibbon and Nicolas Guillemette
WSP Canada Inc.
17
Conference Program
CSCE2015-93
Design and Construction of a Ships Retention System in Beauharnois Canal along the St. Lawrence Seaway
Navigation System
Razek Abdelnour, Elie Abdelnour, George Comfort and Gabriel Menendez-Pidal
Geniglace Inc.
15:30 – 17:30
Session 6B: SUSTAINABLE WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
Room: Gatineau
Session Chair: Jan Adamowski, McGill University
CSCE2015-66
Social Learning for Meaningful Participation: Transboundary Water Resource Management in the Great
Lakes and St. Lawrence River
Alison Furber, Geneviève Grenon, Wietske Medema and Jan Adamowski
McGill University
CSCE2015-17
Improved Knowledge-Based Cooperative Particle Swarm Optimization for Flood Control Reservoir
Operation
Benyou Jia, Slobodan Simonovic, Ping’an Zhong
CSCE2015-215
Application of Water Jet Cavitation on Pipeline Cleaning
Hongyi Sun and Wenqi Ma
CSCE2015-77
CFD Modeling of a Lakewater Cooling Intake
Bernardo Majano and Genevieve Kenny
15:30 - 17:30
Session 6C: SEDIMENT AND TRANSPORT MODELING
Room: Bersimis
Session Chairs: Shawn Clark and Tew-Fik Mahdi
CSCE2015-43
Variation in River Bed Morphology and Sediment Transport Rates during Flood Events
Etta H. Gunsolus and Andrew D. Binns
CSCE2015-60
Using Suspended Sediment Particle Size Distributions to Characterize Sediment Transport on the Red River
Masoud Goharrokhi and Shawn Clark
CSCE2015-126
Experimental and Numerical Modeling of Erosion and Sedimentation in Navigation Channel
Wanqing Chi, David Z. Zhu and Yanling Liu
First Institute of Oceanography, China
CSCE2015-15
Automatic Calibration Tool For Two-Dimensional Hydraulic and Sediment Model for River Systems
Simon Deslauriers and Tew-Fik Mahdi
18
Conference Program
15:30 – 17:30
Session 6D: FLUVIAL HYDRAULICS 2
Room: Peribonka
Session Chairs: Gaven Tang and Joshua Wiebe
CSCE2015-141
Design and Hydrodynamic Modelling of Walleye Habitat Improvements in the Nipigon River
Joshua Wiebe, Rob Swainson and Graham Frank
W.F. Baird & Associates Coastal Engineers Ltd
CSCE2015-42
1D Hydraulic Modelling on a Large and Complex Domain: Data Management and Model Setup
Gaven Tang, Deighen Blakely and Peter Onyshko
CSCE2015-8
Assessment of CFD Modelling Methods for Predicting Turbulent Flow and Bed Shear Stress Around Bridge
Piers
Nazmus Sakib, S. Samuel Li, Attila M. Zsaki
University of Alberta
CSCE2015-69
Evaluation of Hydraulic Zone of Influence for Planktonic Entrainment at a Cooling Water Intake Structure
in Lake Huron
Jack Brand, Andrew D. Binns and Stephen S. Crawford
CSCE2015-19
Computational Modeling of Thermally Stratified Reservoirs Upstream of Hydropower Facilities
Mathew Langford and David Z. Zhu
Amec Foster Wheeler Environment and Infrastructure
19:00 – 21:00
Conference Dinner
Room: Saint Francois
SATURDAY MAY 2
08:00 – 13:00
Registration
08:30 – 12:30
Short Course: Stormwater Management and LID Practices in Canada: Updates
New Developments and Trends
Room: Saint Laurent
Prof. James Li and Gilles Rivard, PE, MSc.
19
Exhibitors in the Tradeshow
Exhibits schedule is as follows:
Thursday, April 30:
Continental Breakfast
Break
Lunch
Break
7:30 am – 9:00 am
11:00 am – 11:15 am
12::35 – 1:35pm
3:45pm – 4:00pm
Friday, May 1:
Continental Breakfast
Break
Lunch
Break
7:30 am – 8:30 am
10:20 am – 10:40 am
12:30 – 1:30pm
3:10pm – 3:30pm
Exhibitors
CHI
Established in 1978, Computational Hydraulics International (CHI) has developed, marketed and supported technically advanced,
professional software systems for stormwater management, wastewater and watershed modeling. PCSWMM, our main software
offering, has been the trusted spatial decision support system for the US EPA SWMM for over 25 years.
Contact: Karen Finney M.Sc. Eng. P.Eng
Telephone: 519-767-0197
E-mail: [email protected]
DHI Group
The National Research Council (NRC), the Government of Canada's premier R&D organization, helps industry take research from
the lab to the marketplace. The NRC’s Marine Infrastructure, Energy and Water Resources (MIEWR) program works closely with
clients and stakeholders to deliver specialized consulting, research and technology development services, driving innovation in
coastal and ocean engineering, water resources engineering and management, and marine renewable energy
DHI is an independent, international consulting and research organization with a focus towards solving the world’s most challenging problems in water environments. DHI is involved in a wide range of water related projects in Canada and around the world
and is the developer of the popular MIKE suite of water modeling software.
Contact: Patrick Delaney, Managing Director
Telephone: 519-650-4545
The National Research Council (NRC)
The National Research Council (NRC), the Government of Canada's premier R&D organization, helps industry take research from
the lab to the marketplace. The NRC’s Marine Infrastructure, Energy and Water Resources (MIEWR) program works closely with
clients and stakeholders to deliver specialized consulting, research and technology development services, driving innovation in
coastal and ocean engineering, water resources engineering and management, and marine renewable energy.
Contact: Enzo Gardin P.Eng., MBA
Telephone: 613- 991-2987
20
Sponsoring organizations
BRONZE SPONSOR
MH2O Inc.
MH2O Inc. www.mh2o.co specializes in hydrologic and hydraulic modeling for water management. In urban context, it involves flood control,
sanitary overflow management, quality and erosion control in receiving water courses. River hydraulics include floodplain delineation, culvert
and bridge design and dam break analysis for civil security.
MH2O uses commercial software, available freeware and in-house programs for customisation and data processing.
Contact: Louis Andre Rinfret, President
Telephone: 514.229.0918
Email: [email protected]
Ouranos
Ouranos www.ouranos.ca est un consortium qui intègre quelque 450 scientifiques et professionnels issus de différentes disciplines. Ouranos a
pour mission l’acquisition et le développement de connaissances sur les changements climatiques et leurs impacts ainsi que sur les vulnérabilités
socioéconomiques et environnementales, de façon à informer les décideurs sur l’évolution du climat et à les conseiller pour identifier, évaluer,
promouvoir et mettre en œuvre des stratégies d’adaptation locales et régionales.
Ouranos www.ouranos.ca is a consortium that brings together 450 scientists and professionals from different disciplines. Ouranos’ mission is to
acquire and develop knowledge on climate change, its impact and related socioeconomic and environmental vulnerabilities, in order to inform
decision makers about probable climate trends and advise them on identifying, assessing, promoting and implementing local and regional adaptation strategies.
TISED
The Trottier Institute for Sustainability in Engineering and Design (TISED) in McGill University’s Faculty of Engineering informs and educates policy-makers and the public about sustainability issues, and supports research and teaching on sustainability in engineering and design. Information
about TISED’s activities is available at www.mcgill.ca/tised/.
Contact: Lauren Penney
Telephone: 514-398-3953
Email: [email protected]
Tetra Tech
Tetra Tech is a leading provider of consulting engineering, program management, construction management, and technical services, with nearly
3,500 employees in 50 offices across Canada. We have 50+ years of experience in water, municipal infrastructure, transportation, buildings,
environment, power, solid waste management, geotechnical, oil and gas, industrial, remote and extreme environments, and arctic engineering.
Contact: Diana Qing Tao
Telephone: 514-257-2409
SILVER SPONSOR
Lasalle/NHC Inc.
In 1956, Neyrpic opened one of the first private hydraulic laboratories in North America. With its offices and main laboratory still located in their
original location, Lasalle|NHC (www.lasalleNHC.com) has offered continuous services in hydraulics and applied fluid mechanics for nearly sixty
years. Our recent merger with Northwest Hydraulic Consultants (www.nhcweb.com) has created one of the largest networks of hydraulic laboratories and water resources specialists in America, with offices in Canada (Quebec, Alberta and British Columbia), the United-States (Washington
state and California) and Brazil. Our experts in physical and numerical modeling offer a wide variety of services, developing innovative and
effective solutions for hydraulic works, water resources, urban infrastructures, and climate change. Lasalle|NHC has successfully completed thousands of projects for public and private clients in North America, Africa and Asia.
GOLD SPONSORS
Brace Centre for Water Resource Management
McGill’s Brace Centre for Water Resource Management was established in 1999 and is one of the world’s premier research centres in the areas of
water and the environment. The Brace Centre’s researchers have collaborated with a host of well-regarded national and international organizations. The Centre has been undertaking projects in regions around the world including Egypt, Central America, Central Asia, Southeast Asia, South
Asia, Zimbabwe, and the Caribbean.
Website: http://www.mcgill.ca/brace/
Golder Associates
Established in 1960, Golder is a global, employee-owned organisation driven by our purpose to engineer earth’s development while preserving
earth’s integrity. We help our clients find sustainable solutions to the challenges society faces today including extraction of finite resources, energy
and water supply and management, waste management, urbanisation, and climate change.
We do this by providing a wide range of independent consulting, design and construction services in our specialist areas of earth, environment
and energy.
Our services fall into 6 main areas:
• Engineering
• Natural Resources Planning & Evaluation
• Environmental & Social Assessment
• Environmental Management & Compliance
• Strategic Planning, Advice & Management
• Water
For more information, visit golder.com.
21
Distinguished Keynote Lecturers Biographies
Professor Philippe GOURBESVILLE
Director Polytech Nice Sophia
University Nice Sophia Antipolis, Polytech Nice Sophia, France
Prof. Dr. Philippe Gourbesville is, since 2007, the Director of Polytech Nice Sophia [www.polytechnice.fr], the engineering school of
Nice Sophia University (NSU), France. Philippe is a professor for Hydroinformatics and Water Engineering at SNU and is a visiting professor at various European and international universities mainly in Asia. Since 2004 and under the Erasmus Mundus, Philippe has developed the first joint master degree EuroAquae focused on hydroinformatics and water management with 5 European leading
universities [www.euroaquae.org]. In parallel, Philippe has coordinated several Intensive Programmes under the Erasmus framework
since 2000 and he is also the coordinator for International Development of the Polytech Group. The Polytech Group gathers 13 graduate engineering schools located within 13 universities and is currently the leading group for engineering training in France. In addition, Philippe is or has been involved as partner or coordinator in many research projects under FP7 (CORFU, @qua) and H2020
(Widest) frameworks mainly related to water related issues and ICT. Philippe has authored more than 120 scientific papers dedicated
to hydroinformatics, numerical methods, modeling tools, flood management and resilience. Philippe is actively involved in several international organizations like IAHR, IAHS, … and he has received the “Hydrotechnique Grand Prix” from the French Hydrotechnique
Society in 2011. Every 2 years, Philippe hosts and organizes with the SHF, the SimHydro conference in Sophia Antipolis, France. Philippe
has been invited many times as keynote speaker in various international events in Europe and worldwide.
Professor M. Levent KAVVAS
Gerald and Lillian Orlob Endowed Chair Professor of Water Resources Engineering
Levent Kavvas is currently a Distinguished Professor and holder of the Orlob Endowed Chair Professor of Water Resources Engineering at University of California – Davis (USA). His scientific and professional contributions over the last three decades have been
mostly in the areas of hydrology and hydrometeorology. Levent has been the recipient of a number of awards by the American
Society of Civil Engineers (Ven Te Chow Award, Arid Lands Hydraulic Engineering Award; Richard Torrens Award; etc.) including
being named a Fellow in the ASCE. He was the Founding Editor-in-Chief of the ASCE Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, and a
member of a number of other journal editorial boards and expert committees in US and in many other countries. He has published
more than 190 publications in hydrology and hydrometeorology, co-author of Earth System Science Encyclopedia, and co-editor of
IAHS book “Soil-Vegetation-Atmosphere Transfer Schemes and Large-Scale Hydrological Models”.
Professor Joseph Hun-wei LEE
Vice-President for Research & Graduate Studies
Chair Professor of Civil & Environmental Engineering
Prof Lee grew up in Hong Kong and obtained his BSc, MSc and PhD degrees in Civil Engineering from the Massachusetts Institute
of Technology (1969-1977). He joined the University of Hong Kong in 1980, where he served as Chair Professor (1995-2010) and
Pro-Vice-Chancellor (2004-2010). He took office as Vice-President for Research and Graduate Studies at the Hong Kong University
of Science and Technology (HKUST) on 1 November 2010.
Prof Lee is an internationally recognized expert in environmental hydraulics. He is the Chief Editor of the Journal of Hydro-environment Research and past Vice-President of the International Association for Hydro-environment Engineering and Research IAHR (2007-2011). He is the recipient of the 2013 Karl Emil Hilgard Hydraulic Prize of ASCE, and also the first Asia-based academic
to receive the ASCE Hunter Rouse Hydraulic Engineering Award (2009). In 2010 he was bestowed a State Scientific and Technological
Progress Award (Second Class) by the Chinese State Council. Prof Lee has served as expert consultant on numerous hydro-environmental projects and on many advisory bodies in Hong Kong, Scotland, Germany and Singapore. He is a Fellow of the Royal Academy
of Engineering, United Kingdom and the Hong Kong Academy of Engineering Sciences.
Professor E. A. MCBEAN, Ph.D., P.Eng. P.E., FCAE, FCSCE
Professor of Water Resources and Canada Research Chair in Water Supply Security
University of Guelph – Guelph, Ontario
Ed McBean received his B.A.Sc. from the University of British Columbia his S.M. and Ph.D. from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, all degrees in civil engineering. His experience includes two decades as a professor at the University of Waterloo, a decade
as a senior executive at Conestoga-Rovers & Associates, and the most recent 11 years as Professor of Water Resources at the University of Guelph, a Canada Research Chair in Water Supply Security, and A/Dean of the College of Physical and Engineering Science.
Ed has been the recipient of a number of awards including being named a fellow in the Canadian Academy of Engineering, a
fellow in both the CSCE and in Engineers Canada, recipient of the Camille A. Dagenais Award for outstanding contributions to the
Development and Practice of Hydrotechnical Engineering, and the Research and Development Medal from the Professional Engineers of Ontario and OSPE. An expert in risk assessment and water supply, Ed has published two books, edited 17 books, published
more than 300 papers in refereed journals and made more than 400 presentations at professional society meetings. Ed has experience in water security issues in more than 70 countries around the globe.
22
Abstracts for Oral Presentations CSCE2015-9
Sorted by abstract number
Presented in Session 3B: HYDROINFORMATICS TOOLS
Breathing New Life to an Older Model: The Cequeau Tool for Flow and Water Temperature Simulations
and Forecasting
André St-Hilaire
A number of hydrological models developed in the later part of the 20th century run the risk of becoming obsolete. One such model, CEQUEAU, was reprogrammed by its main industrial user, Rio Tinto Alcan. CEQUEAU is a
conceptual semi-distributed that can simulate/forecast daily/hourly flow, as well as daily water temperature. The
new version of the model maintains the conceptual, hydrological budget and soil reservoir approach of the original one. However, the format structure is less restrictive than the original FORTRAN code. It allowed for new
modules to be tested. Input physiographic and water routing data can now be extracted using a GIS and matlab
script. Two additional snow melt routines are being implemented (CEMANEIGE and the Utah Energy Balance
model). A total of six different potential evapotranspiration algorithms are being tested and compared. In addition, an automatic calibration algorithm based on depth functions and the Tabu Search protocol is being implemented. The water temperature model was also improved. The time step of some meteorological input data was
changed from monthly to daily and the model is now able to account for the impacts of dams on the thermal
regime.
CSCE2015-10
Presented in Session 5A: STRATEGIES FOR EFFICIENT WATER RESOURCES PLANNING
Development of a Reilp Approach for Long-Term Planning of WRM System in Saudi Arabia
Alsaeed Badir
Water resources in Saudi Arabia are very limited while the population is steadily growing at a high rate. Since
the yearly rainfall rate is very low in most regions of the country, the non-renewable groundwater has exceedingly
consumed which resulted in a huge threat for this precious resource. The desalination water and reclaimed water,
which are unconventional water resources, are used as well but in a small amount. Regarding the water users,
the largest consumption of water comes from the agricultural, domestic, and industrial sectors, respectively. Without long-term planning and optimal allocation of scarce water resources among a variety of users, the country
will continue to face many problems related to water in the long run. In this study, a risk explicit interval-parameter linear programming (REILP) approach is developed and applied to the long-term planning of the water resources management (WRM) system in Saudi Arabia. This approach can effectively reflect the interactions between
overall cost-benefit and risk level of WRM system.
CSCE2015-11
Presented in Session 2A: HYDROLOGIC EXTREMES AND CLIMATE CHANGE 2
Anticipated Alteration in Extreme Climate Events Utilizing Bias Correction of Two Regional Climate
Models for the South Nation Watershed
Alodah Abdullah
Climate change studies are crucial to assist decision-makers in understanding future risks and planning adequate
adaptation measures. In general, Global/Regional Climate Models (GCMs/RCMs) achieve coarse resolutions, and
are thus unable to provide sufficient information to conduct local climate assessments. Downscaling, defined as
a method that derives local to regional-scale (10 to 100 km) information from larger-scale models or data analyses,
is used to address this deficiency. In this thesis, a particular downscaling technique, known as the Quantile-Quantile transformation, was used to adjust the statistical distribution of RCM variables to match the statistical distribution of the observed variables generated by two RCMs: the Canadian Regional Climate Model version 3.7.1
and the ARPEGE model, on the historical period (1961-2001). The analyses presented in this study were applied
to daily precipitation as well as maximum and minimum temperatures in the South Nation watershed in Eastern
Ontario, Canada. The two-sample Kolmogorov–Smirnov test indicated that the Quantile-Quantile transformation
improved the shape of the PDF of RCM-simulated climate variables. The results suggest that, under the A1B scenario, temperatures in the watershed would rise significantly and there would be an increment in precipitation
occurrence and intensity. The study outlined how the frequency and intensity of some extreme weather events
will evolve in the 2041-2081 period in response to the rise in atmospheric GHG concentrations. Projected impacts
were investigated by tracking future changes in four extreme temperature indices and three precipitation indices.
It was predicted that heavy precipitation events and warm spells will occur more frequently and intensely, while
extreme cold events will be weaker, and some will be hardly observed.
23
Presented in Session 4C: URBAN FLOOD RISK MANAGEMENT AND ADAPTATION
Evaluation of Stormwater Low Impact Development Practices for the Lake Simcoe Regions
Li James
In support of the efforts of the Lake Simcoe Region Conservation Authority to meet its vision for the restoration
and protection of Lake Simcoe and its watershed, the Ryerson University research team conducted a study to evaluate the suitability and effect of implementation of stormwater low impact development practices (LID) within
the pre-defined uncontrolled study area where conventional stormwater management practices are not feasible.
The objectives of the project were to: identify opportunities for the implementation of these LID; quantify at a
planning level the pollutant loading reduction to Lake Simcoe; and ultimately provide guidance to municipalities
on the cost-effectiveness of various LID in their jurisdiction. Phase 1 of the project focused on the compilation
of existing data and information and screening of opportunities of LID in the study area using custom-design geographic information system models. Phase 2 concentrated on the evaluation of the best combinations of LID
and the quantification of preliminary costs of LID and annual pollutant loading reduction to Lake Simcoe. The
study findings indicated that the best combinations of LID, such as bioretention cell, rainwater harvesting, greenroof, and downspout disconnection, could potentially reduce the nutrient loading from the uncontrolled study
area by about 10-15%.
CSCE2015-15
Presented in Session 6C: SEDIMENT AND TRANSPORT MODELING
Automatic Calibration of 2-D Simulation of River Reach
Simon Deslauriers
River model calibration is essential for reliable model prediction. The manual calibration method is laborious,
time consuming and requires expert knowledge. River engineering software are now equipped with more complex tools needing an important number of parameters as input, rending the task of models calibration even
more difficult. In this paper, PEST, Parameter ESTimation (Doherty, 2005) software is combined with SRH-2D (Lai
Y. G., 2008), a two-dimensional hydraulic and sediment model for river systems, to develop an automatic calibration tool. PEST is specifically designed for automatic calibration of numerical models. It requires “field observations” on which the optimisation process is based. PEST then takes control of the model and runs it multiple times
until it finds the set of parameters for which the difference between observations generated by the model and
“field observations” is at a minimum. A 15 km river reach is used to demonstrate the capabilities of the new developed tool with regard to finding the best Manning’s coefficients. The results are encouraging to extend the
capabilities of this tool to perform automatic calibration for other parameters such as the best sediment transport
equation or the active layer thickness to be used.
CSCE2015-16
Determining the Optimal Time Delay Embedding Parameters of Urban Water Supply System Signals
John Quilty
The concept of representing water resources time series as chaotic systems has gained popularity in recent years.
However, the problem of determining the optimal time delay embedding parameters (m,τ) of such a time series
is still an open problem. Generally, one must decide whether to apply a uniform or non-uniform embedding strategy for a given time series, and then follow a principled routine for choosing m and τ. This study applies instances
of both uniform and non-uniform embedding strategies to urban water supply system signals for isolating the
optimal time delay embedding parameters. Afterwards, a new machine learning technique, Extreme Learning
Machines, is used to identify the most important time delay embedding lags of each signal by studying the relationship between one-step prediction error and each time delay’s contribution to the prediction. The uniform
time delay embedding strategy is based on the entropy ratio (ER) method while the non-uniform counterpart is
based on the local constant modeling (LCM) scheme. We test each of the time delay embedding strategies for
their abilities to provide an optimal time lag space by testing their one-step prediction. This study utilizes production and demand time series from the urban water supply system in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada to identify the
most appropriate strategy for deriving an optimal time lag space. The methods introduced in this study may be
used to reconstruct the dynamics and provide a preliminary step to building time series forecasts for a variety of
urban water supply system signals. The results of this study indicate that the LCM method be preferred for determining the optimal time delay embedding of the urban water supply system signals examined in this work.
24
Presented in Session 6B: SUSTAINABLE WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
Improved Knowledge-Based Cooperative Particle Swarm Optimization for Optimal Reservoir Flood
Control Operation
Benyou Jia
Heuristics based algorithms, with parallel and efficient global search ability, offer some advantages in solving
reservoir operation problems. A knowledge-based cooperative particle swarm optimization (KCPSO) is a novel
hybrid algorithm, with clear structure, high stability, and some limitations. In this paper, a relative difference definition, instead of absolute difference definition, is introduced for swarm search capacity in order to enhance the
usability of the algorithm. The time-varying threshold factor (TVTF) is used to replace the standard algorithm
constant threshold factor. The use of time-varying threshold factor can effectively balance local, cooperative and
global search behavior in each evolution period, and therefore increase the convergence rate of the optimal solution. The new algorithm, KCPSO is applied to optimal flood control operation of the Nianyushan Reservoir on
the Guan River (Henan Province, China). The performance of new algorithm is verified by its comparison with
classical particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithms. The comparison results are evaluated using mean and variance indicators. The comparison of optimization results shows that the KCPSO algorithm (a) results in a smaller
mean and variance of reservoir peak outflow, (b) has a higher accuracy and numerical stability, and (c) shows
smaller mean fluctuation of the outflow hydrograph. Therefore, the improved algorithm presented in this paper
has a potential for improving the flood control reservoir operations.
CSCE2015-18
Presented in Session 1C: COASTAL HYDRAULICS
Recovery of Concave Shoreline Induced By the 2011 Tohoku Tsunami
Hitoshi Tanaka
The 2011 tsunami flushed sand spit at the Nanakita River mouth, Sendai Coast, Miyagi Prefecture. It also caused
severe erosion of sand barrier which is adjacent to the left side of the river mouth. These damages formed concave
shoreline at this area after the tsunami. The morphological recovery of this area is presented through analysis of
aerial photography. A new analytical solution of oneline model, which describes the evolution of shoreline of
concave landform bounded by rigid boundaries, has been introduced. Good agreement between measured shoreline positions and simulated results is also obtained.
CSCE2015-19
Presented in Session 6D: FLUVIAL HYDRAULICS 2
Computational Modeling of Thermally Stratified Reservoirs Upstream of Hydropower Facilities
Mathew Langford
Deep lakes and reservoirs in northern climates, such as Canada’s have a dimictic stratification cycle. This results
in the waterbodies “turning over” twice over the course of the year. Generally reservoirs will be isothermal during
the winter and spring and stratification will develop in later summer and fall. An ideal reservoir’s stratification
profile will have three distinct layers: a well-mixed epilimnion near the water surface, a relatively distinct thermocline or metalimnion, and a cooler isothermal hypolimnion below this. Some reservoirs can be approximated
by a distinct two-layer stratification temperature vs. depth relationship, with a sharp temperature change at the
thermocline, however this is not the case for all reservoirs. The temperature and depth of the epilimnion are
controlled by the amount of solar insolation from the sun as well as the strength of surficial wind mixing. A lack
of wind mixing can result in a less distinct or more gradual thermal profile that is hyperbolic. The vertical density
distribution of a thermally stratified reservoir may limit the elevation at which water is withdrawn at hydropower
facilities which can result in drawing the thermocline down resulting in a linear thermal profile.
This linear thermal profile has distinct impacts on the flow field developed upstream of intake structures. In this
paper, a computational fluid dynamic model was constructed using the Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes equations and κ-ε turbulence model to assess the impact of thermal profile on the characteristics of the intake-induced
flow field at Mica Dam, and Revelstoke Dam. The model is validated against a field ADCP study that was completed for the thermal profile of the upstream reservoir at the time of the measurements. In addition to the
field-measured thermal profile, the model is used to evaluate the impact of varying thermal profiles including
distinct two-layer, hyperbolic, linear and isothermal profiles as well as the water depth on the upstream flow
field. The results of the study are generalized for application at other facilities.
25
Presented in Session 5D: GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE DESIGN AND LAND USE CHANGES
The Effect of Sand Grain Size on the Development of Cyanobacterial Biocrusts
Offer Rozenstein
Biocrusts are critical components of desert ecosystems, significantly modifying the surfaces they occupy. Although
the presence of fine soil particles is known to be conducive to biocrust development and recovery from disturbance, their influence on the inceptive development of biocrusts has not been empirically studied. In this study,
the effect of substrate granulometry on the development of biocrusts was explored, under controlled laboratory
conditions of light, soil humidity, and temperature. A cyanobacterial inoculum of Microcoleus Vaginatus was applied to five sand fractions in the range of 1 - 2000 µm. The results showed that the biocrusts developed more
rapidly on the fine fraction (<125 µm) than on the coarser fractions. While the biocrust cover on the fine fraction
was spatially homogenous, it was patchy and discontinuous on the coarse fractions. The difference in the pore
size between the different fractions is suggested to be the reason for these discrepancies in biocrust development,
since large pores between the particles of coarse soil restrict and regulate the filaments’ spreading. It was found
that the spectroscopic indices, the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and the Brightness Index, were more
sensitive to the biocrust development than the bio-physiological parameters of the biocrusts (polysaccharides,
protein, and chlorophyll contents). The faster biocrust development on the fine fractions can explain various biophysical phenomena in aeolian environments.
CSCE2015-21
Presented in Session 6A: HYDRAULIC STRUCTURE MODELING AND DESIGN
Physical Modeling and Design Optimizations for President Kennedy Terminal, Brazil
Scott Baker
This paper discusses two 3D physical hydraulic model studies conducted in support of the design for a new iron
ore exporting terminal located offshore of Espírito Santo, Brazil. The proposed terminal consists of a 5km long
trestle, an iron ore export berth, an offshore berm breakwater, and a dredged access channel. The first model
study was conducted to study wave agitation and moored vessel motion in order to estimate berth availability
(downtime) for the new port, optimize and verify the breakwater length, and evaluate a softer mooring system.
A 1:70 scale model of the surrounding bathymetry and preliminary terminal layout was constructed, and then
modified to simulate several alternative layouts. The second model study was conducted to verify and optimize
the breakwater design, which was devised as a dynamically stable berm breakwater featuring two roundheads,
three straight trunk sections, and two bends. The breakwater stability study was performed in two stages (quasi3D and fully-3D) at a scale of 1:40. The stability of the berm breakwater and the changes in breakwater profile
shape under various storm intensities were analyzed in detail, and many optimizations to improve the breakwater
performance, constructability, and cost effectiveness were investigated and assessed.
CSCE2015-23
Presented in Session 5C: DAM BREACH AND LANDSLIDE
Modeling and Simulation of Tailings Dam Breaches using SPH
Atilla Zsaki
Failure of tailings dams often results in the release of substantial amounts of tailings into the environment, causing
considerable damage. The flow of tailings presents a complex modeling challenge due to the free-surface flow
and large deformations involved, often intractable by conventional finite element or finite difference methods.
A mesh-free formulation, based on Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH), was utilized to back-analyse documented tailings dam failures. As with any numerical model, the calibration of model parameters to corresponding
physical quantities is a requirement prior to any application of the model. Since model parameters, such the
roughness of terrain, are hard to quantify, a simple experimental setup of a flume flow was modelled to calibrate
the SPH model. In this paper, the calibrated model was applied to a literature-reported tailings dam failure. The
outflow of tailings interacting with the terrain resulted in considerably good agreement between the simulation
results and the reported case, enabling use of the modelling approach to assess the potential damage cause by
tailings dam breaches and predict flow paths of tailings.
26
Presented in Session 1B: ADAPTIVE WATER MANAGEMENT IN A CHANGING CLIMATE
Perceptions of Environmental Flows and Ecological Restoration – A Document Analysis
Kate Reilly
Environmental flows involve restoring a river’s natural flow regime to protect instream ecosystems. Implementation requires restricting water withdrawals, changing dam operations or removing dams altogether, all of which
often affect human activities. Finding a balance between society’s and ecosystems’ needs for water is often challenging, and opposition from stakeholders frequently prevents environmental flow implementation. Drivers of
this opposition are little understood, although perceptions that human needs are being sacrificed for ecosystems
may contribute. This study used frame analysis, where a frame defines how a person views an issue based on their
past knowledge and experiences, to explore those perceptions. The aim was to explore stakeholders’ frames of
an environmental flow policy, ecosystems and ecosystem restoration to begin to understand disputes around the
policy. The study focused on the Mactaquac Dam on the St John River, New Brunswick. Dam removal is being considered as one of three options for the end of its current life, which would address ecosystem damage caused by
changes in downstream flow. Qualitative analysis of online documents was used to explore stakeholders' perceptions of the dam removal. Relevant documents, such as news articles and blogs, were identified using periodic
keyword searches in Google. Texts that stated the writer’s position on dam removal were analysed. Concern for
ecosystems was common and was used to argue for both dam removal and dam retention. The ecosystems that
have developed since dam construction were frequently described as 'natural' and deserving of protection by retaining the dam, a short-term view of ecological restoration favoured over the longer-term restoration process
involved in dam removal. Anglers were more in favour of dam removal due to its benefits for Atlantic salmon.
Other issues of concern included the need to maintain the dam for its cheap and reliable energy and a desire for
a free-flowing river.
CSCE2015-27
Environmental Flow and the Economy in the Bow River Basin: Investigating Tradeoffs through a
Hydroeconomic Model
Jordan Gonda
The Bow River Basin (BRB), located in Southern Alberta and passing through Calgary, is a heavily allocated basin.
As of 2010 over 60% of river flow has been allocated, mainly for irrigation and hydropower. Not only is water required for hydropower generation, agriculture and municipal water uses, but fish species and riparian vegetation
depend on adequate river flows. This creates the challenge of maximizing economic benefits while still supporting
environmental flows. These two contrasting requirements- economy and environment- are analyzed using the
integrated water resources and decision support model SWAMP. Through altering hydropower release and evaluating alternative strategies for environmental flow, the conflict is investigated in an integrated manner. Simulations show that just altering TransAlta hydropower release from the headwaters can be a viable option. Here,
the economy is minimally affected while environmental deficits are reduced. Both altering hydropower release
in addition to allowing an environmental license is most effective at mitigating environmental deficits, but diminishes from the overall economic benefits, which currently exclude any formal inclusion of environmental goods
and services. This study illustrates the use of an integrated decision supported model to examine water conflicts.
CSCE2015-28
Integrated Water Resource Management under Water Supply and Irrigation Development Uncertainty
Elmira Hassanzadeh
The Saskatchewan River Basin (SaskRB) in Saskatchewan, Canada, supports municipal, industrial, irrigated agricultural, hydropower, and environmental water demands. Proposals for future development include significantly
increased irrigation agriculture, but they have not yet integrated water supply uncertainties into their water resources management analysis. The purpose of this paper is to stochastically generate flows at the
Alberta/Saskatchewan border using a feasible range of shifts in annual volume and peak timing of headwater
flows. This envelope of variation, including 30,800 flow realizations is combined with varying levels of irrigation
expansion areas to produce future scenarios of resource development and water availability. The results show
that the level of irrigation development, as well as variation in volume and peak timing of flows, affect water
availability, vulnerability of shortage, and economic productivity of the water resources system. The effect of
large irrigation expansion, combined with a reduction in the volume of flows and earlier timing of the annual
peak substantially stresses the water resources system, produces unstable net revenues, and decreases flood frequency in the Saskatchewan River Delta, a region of high biodiversity and environmental significance and home
to First Nations people who subsist on the Delta for hunting, fishing, and farming.
27
Probable Maximum Flood under Changing Climate Conditions for the Mattagami River Basin
JOHN PERDIKARIS
For dams whose failure may cause significant loss of life and/or economic losses the Probable Maximum Precipitation (PMP) and the Probable Maximum Flood (PMF) are two criteria used in their safety risk analyses. The PMF
is the flood generated by the most severe precipitation event possible for a basin during a specific time of year,
referred to as the PMP. Analysis of the observed climate records and future climate model projections indicate
that the occurrence and frequency of extreme precipitation events is increasing. The most critical PMFs for the
Mattagami River basin result from a combination of the spring PMP, 100-year maximum snowpack and critical
melt temperature sequence. The focus of this study will be to assess the sensitivity of the PMF to projected changes
in the above three meteorological parameters, obtained through the analysis of an ensemble of Regional Climate
Model simulations (comparing future vs. present climate encompassing the 2041-2070 vs. 1971-2000 periods).
Four separate scenarios were developed and applied to the Mattagami River basin to assess the impact of projected changes in meteorological parameters to the resulting PMF: present climate conditions (reference parameters for PMP, 100-year maximum snowpack and critical temperature sequence); projected changes in spring PMP;
projected changes in both spring PMP and 100-year maximum snowpack; and projected changes in spring PMP,
100-year maximum snowpack and critical temperature sequence. The following hydrograph parameters of the
PMF were evaluated as part of the sensitivity analysis including: runoff volumes and peak discharge flows. The
methodology used to generate the PMF and the sensitivity analysis is presented, along with results, and a short
discussion on potential adaptation options.
CSCE2015-30
An Experimental Investigation of Bore-Induced Local Scour around a Circular Structure
ALEXANDRA LAVICTOIRE
This paper investigates scour around structures caused by supercritical hydraulic bores. In light of recent tsunamis
and other natural disasters, a better understanding of the impacts of bore-like waves on structures is of great interest to both researchers and practicing engineers. The high velocity and the relatively short duration of such
hydraulic bores cause a unique local scouring process. An experimental program has been developed at the Hydraulics Laboratory of the University of Ottawa to simulate the propagation of a hydraulic bore over a movable
sediment bed placed around a pier-like structure. Measurements of water surface elevation, bore propagation
velocity and scour distribution were recorded for various bore heights and sediment types. Analysis of these
measurements attempts to investigate the correlation between the bore depth, flow velocity and temporal and
spatial development of the local scour. Results indicate that the correlation between the bore depth and bore
propagation velocity closely follows the relationship suggested by the formulas of FEMA P646. Final scour bed
elevations indicated that scour depth was highly dependent on the bore velocity. The scour depth ratios suggested
in current design guidelines were significantly lower than those obtained in this study. This novel research provides first hand observations and measurements of scour caused by supercritical hydraulic bores.
CSCE2015-31
Using Regional Data Exploration to Improve Understanding of Local Hydrologic Parameters: Three
Practical Cases in Canada, Mexico and Turkey
Victor Muñoz
Regional data exploration is a useful hydrologic tool important in understanding trends and hydrologic parameters. Using local data only can lead to error when interpreting results. Traditional data compilation for regional
hydrologic analyses can consume a significant amount of time and money due to lengthy accessing time, data selection, data processing and the generation of regional trends. New tools are available that can significantly reduce the computation time and cost of regional analyses. The statistical language R can create shortcuts for
accessing and analyzing meteorological and hydrometric data. ArcGIS Spatial Analyst contains geostatistical tools
that can be used to generate visual aids based on measured data points which can then be presented within regional topography. Three applications of these tools within regional data analyses in Canada, Mexico, and Turkey
are presented to demonstrate their importance for developing more reliable local hydrologic parameters. In each
case, it was found that performing regional data exploration using the numerical and geostatistical tools discussed
above resulted in significant improvements in estimating local hydrologic parameters. The purpose of this paper
is to define a procedure for implementing these tools in regional and local analyses to obtain faster and more
enhanced hydrologic results.
28
Presented in Session 4A: CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS AND ADAPTATION 2
Decision-Making under Climate Uncertainty in the Hydroelectric Sector
David Huard
Large infrastructure investments in the hydroelectric sector are planned decades in advance and their economic
returns evaluated over periods ranging up to a century. Such long time spans and the sensitivity of hydroelectric
productivity to climatic conditions make those investments especially sensitive to uncertainties in climate projections. However, there are very few known examples of hydroelectric investments using climate projections to assess their robustness to future climate conditions. One explanation may be that typical top-down climate scenarios
prepared for impacts and adaptation studies do not give decision-makers the tools required to evaluate the climate risks, or opportunities, of a given project. Indeed, the large uncertainties around climate projections may
be perceived as an obstacle to their use in investment planning or as an indication of climate science's immaturity.
In collaboration with Hydro-Québec and Manitoba-Hydro, Ouranos is developing decision-making tools for two
case studies in the hydroelectricity sector. These tools are based on the Robust Decision Making methodology and
explore the sensitivity of different investment options to climate projection uncertainty. Both climate and economic uncertainties are included so that their respective effects on the performance of investment options may
be compared. Although the cases studied here are simple conceptual versions of their real-life counterpart, the
exercise illuminates how decision-makers can leverage the uncertain information from climate projections to
identify robust solutions.
CSCE2015-33
Abrasion of Concrete Hydraulic Structures Surfaces by Water-Borne Sand
Mohammad Sabbir Hasan
One of the main causes of deterioration in hydraulic structures is the abrasion-impact due to water borne sand
on the concrete surface. This may limit their service life. It is not possible to prevent hydraulic structures from
abrasion, erosion and impact completely; however, it is possible to reduce the effect of it by using proper repairing
materials which can also increase the life span of the structures. The aim of this research is to investigate several
types of repairing materials which can be used as the surface layer of hydraulic structures and protect the structure
from abrasion. To simulate the real abrasion scenario of concrete, a method has been utilized where a high speed
flow of water jet mixed with sand has been used to simulate the effect of abrasion as well as direct impact on
concrete surface.
The methodology has been used in this research to evaluate abrasion resistance is by mass loss and assessing the
abraded surface profile and abrasion depth by using 3D scan technology and Matlab. The repairing materials
used in this research are polymer modified concrete, high performance fast setting concrete and high performance
synthetic fiber reinforced concrete.
CSCE2015-35
Climate Change Influenced Riverine Flooding and Sea Level Rise on Canada’s west coast
Angela Peck
More frequent flood events in British Columbia have recently sparked concern related to severe weather events
in communities on the West coast of Canada. The low topography, estuarine environments, and dense urban
populations which characterize many coastal cities make them vulnerable to both, ocean and riverine flooding.
Many coastal cities have extensive networks of dikes, seawalls and other flood protection infrastructure to reduce
exposure to flood hazards. However, as the climate is changing, so are the magnitudes and patterns of extreme
weather events and most coastal cities can expect an increase in sea level rise and frequency and magnitude of
extreme precipitation events in the future. Existing flood protection infrastructure in coastal cities has often been
designed to specifications based on historical observations over short periods of time; therefore this infrastructure
may no longer provide adequate levels of flood protection. This means there is a gap between current levels of
protection and levels sufficient to accommodate climate change and other events exceeding historic observations.
A methodology for incorporating climate change projections into flood inundation and sea level rise mapping is
discussed for the Metro Vancouver region of British Columbia. While the methods and software used in the hydrologic and hydraulic river modeling are not novel, the incorporation of potential climate change impacts is
unique for this region. Flood inundation maps are created in a geographic information system (GIS) environment
which provides spatial extent and depth for a set of potential future flood scenarios. These maps are combined
with coastal sea level rise estimations to present a more complete picture of potential future flooding extremes
and their spatiotemporal impacts. These maps can be used to help assess future flood risks and assist in both
short- and long-term climate change adaptation and disaster preparedness.
29
Optimal Use of Delft 3D Software for Wave Induced Erosion
Guillaume Lamothe
The erosion on the beaches of the St-Lawrence Gulf is threatening nearshore infrastructures. The reduction of
the ice cover in the Gulf let the beaches more vulnerable to winter storm. This paper presents a numerical model
able to represent and predict the sediment transport caused by waves using Delft 3D software, 2D/3D modelling
suite for coastal and river simulation. The characterisation of the beaches and the principal transport phenomena,
the possibility offered by Delft 3D and some sensitivity analysis are presented. The sediment transport is mainly
created by the energy released by breaking waves. In order to get a simulation that represents the observation,
the simulation must be done by coupling the hydrodynamic, the wave and the morphological models. Once the
data are well represented, it’s possible to start the simulation. The problem at this point is that the computational
time is approximately a month. This paper present a way to optimize the simulation time using Delft 3D. Delft
3D doesn’t run parallel simulation, but if the domains are build using the domain decomposition function, each
domain will be computed on a different processor, so the user may optimize the simulation. This is the first way
to reduce simulation time. The second way to reduce the computational time, valuable for morphologic simulation
only, is using the Morphological Factor (MORFAC). The MORFAC is an erosion and sedimentation acceleration
factor. In each time step the volume of sand transport by the water is multiplied by MORFAC. A value of MORFAC
too high creates unrealistic erosion and sedimentation pattern. Using post processing tools it’s possible to find
the fastest simulation that creates realistic results. The calibration process can start once the simulation time is
optimized.
CSCE2015-38
Presented in Session 5B: EXPERIMENTAL AND COMPUTATIONAL HYDRAULICS 2
Hydrodynamic Modelling of Intakes for Run-Of-River Hydroelectric Projects
Violeta Martin
Run-of-river, diversion-type hydroelectric projects on steep mountainous streams create changes in environmental
conditions, including modified hydraulic and sediment transport conditions in the headpond upstream of the
flow diversion intake and in the diversion section of the stream between the intake and the tailrace. These types
of changes can lead to environmental and operational challenges that require careful consideration at the project
design stage in order to achieve a successful, sustainable project. Hydrodynamic modelling including two dimensional and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modelling were used to investigate the flow and sediment transport patterns through the headponds and intake structures of one existing and two proposed run-of-river
hydroelectric projects located in coastal British Columbia. The intake structures consist of a concrete weir, a Coanda
screen or an inflatable rubber weir, an intake facility with conveyance to the penstock entrance, and sluicing facilities for flushing sediment from the headpond. This paper reviews the relevant environmental, engineering
and modeling issues for each project and discusses how results from these numerical modelling tools were used
in finetuning the intake designs.
CSCE2015-39
An Efficient Use of a Physical Model to Verify the Performance of Coastal Structures at Two Harbours
in Oman
Paul Knox
In 2013, The National Research Council of Canada’s Ocean, Coastal and River Engineering portfolio (NRC-OCRE)
was commissioned by Baird & Associates (Baird) to undertake physical model studies to assist in the detailed engineering design of coastal structures intended to help mitigate sedimentation and wave agitation issues at two
different fishing harbours in Oman.
The first site, Al Ashkharah Harbour, consists of an existing fishing harbour protected by a pair of breakwaters.
Sediment deposition at the harbour entrance frequently leads to navigation issues and related dredging operations. Baird has designed a series of groynes, some of which extend off the existing breakwater, which will serve
to control the sediment and decrease the frequency of dredging operations at the entrance. A physical model
consisting of one groyne structure was designed to represent elements of several of the proposed groynes. The
model was used to verify the hydraulic stability of the designs under severe storms. Extreme significant design
waves can reach 11.8m (in deep water), and can come from a variety of directions since they are generated by
tropical cyclones.
The second site, Quriyat Harbour, is another fishing harbour protected by breakwaters. Here, wave energy passes
through the entrance gap and creates agitation issues within the harbour basin. The solution proposed by Baird
extends the southern breakwater and re-orienting the gap. The physical model is intended to verify the designs
for this breakwater extension, and test the viability of different sizes of armour units under severe storms. The
extreme significant design waves for this location can reach 9.7m (in deep water), again from a variety of directions since they are generated by cyclones.
30
Abstracts for Oral Presentations -
This paper will discuss the use of an efficient and austere approach to a set of physical models investigating the
stability and performance of the coastal structures at both of these sites. The modelling approach was to construct
and test the Al Ashkharah groyne, remove the model structure, and then construct and test the Quriyat breakwater extension on a commonly designed bathymetry. The studies were conducted in NRC-OCRE’s Coastal Basin
at an undistorted scale of 1:38.5 for the Al Ashkharah groyne, and 1:47 scale for the Quriyat breakwater. The
stability tests were conducted with long-crested waves of varying intensities. The testing focused on verifying the
hydraulic stability of the ACCROPODETM II armour units intended for the design at various locations on the structures. The interface between different size and types of concrete armour units as well as unique transition details
in the structure alignment were also investigated in these studies. The paper will present and discuss the results
of each model, and also show how this efficient modelling approach was able to verify preliminary designs at a
low cost and expedited schedule.
CSCE2015-41
Numerical Simulation of Dam-Break Flows Using Depth-Averaged Hydrodynamic and Three-Dimensional CFD Models
Daniel Robb
This paper investigates the capability of three different numerical models to simulate sudden dam-break flows in
the presence of an obstacle. The numerical results from a two-dimensional (2D) hydrodynamic depth-averaged
model and two fully three-dimensional (3D) computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models are presented. The models
selected for this study are: (1) the free and open-source code TELEMAC-2D, (2) the commercially-available CFD
software package FLOW-3D, and (3) the free and open-source CFD code OpenFOAM. TELEMAC-2D is based on
the solution of the shallow-water (Saint-Venant) equations, which neglect vertical velocities and accelerations.
Both FLOW-3D and OpenFOAM are based on the solution of the Navier-Stokes equations along with the volume
of fluid (VOF) method to track the location of the free surface at the air-water interface. The numerical results
are compared to existing experimental data from two flume experiments conducted as part of the European IMPACT project. Flow conditions in both experiments are complex due to the presence of hydraulic jumps, reflecting
waves, and wet-dry fronts. All three numerical models agree well with the water levels recorded in the experiments, especially for the triangular bottom sill case. The results from the depth-averaged model compare well
with the experimental data and with the numerical results from the more sophisticated and computationally demanding 3D CFD models. The results from the CFD models show little improvement over those from the depthaveraged model, with the exception of one location in the vicinity of a moving hydraulic jump.
CSCE2015-42
One-Dimensional Hydraulic Modeling on a Large and Complex Domain: Data Management and Model
Setup
Gaven Tang
During the June 2013 flood in Calgary, Alberta, high flow velocities in the Bow and Elbow Rivers caused significant
bank erosion and bed scouring at multiple locations. Areas of deposition also developed, resulting in the formation of large gravel bars. The results of an existing one-dimensional HEC-RAS model completed in 2012 were used
during the 2013 flood for emergency response and evacuation planning purposes. To investigate how changes
to the river morphology impact water levels of future floods, this model was updated based on post-flood survey
data. Some of the challenges in updating the model included: handling and processing the large survey dataset,
updating the geometry of the existing HEC-RAS model and updating the flow splits of the existing model to
better reflect observed flow patterns during the 2013 flood. The survey dataset consisted of bathymetric survey
points and land survey points (from LiDAR). The bathymetric survey included 1,077 cross-sections on the Bow and
Elbow Rivers and their side channels, with an average spacing of 138 m on the Bow River and 29 m on the Elbow
River. The total number of bathymetric points collected was approximately 183,000. A new automated procedure
was developed for the anisotropic interpolation of the river bed between cross-sections in the flow direction.
The LiDAR survey of land commissioned by The City yielded a point cloud with approximately 2.4 billion points
and an average spacing of 0.02 m. Both data sets were combined to create a high resolution integrated digital
elevation model (DEM) for updating the HEC-RAS cross-section geometries and inundation mapping. The updated
HEC-RAS model consists of 717 cross-sections, 8 side channels, 63 bridges, 1 culvert, and 4 weirs. The results of the
two models were compared to identify local and overall changes in water levels.
31
Variation in River Bed Morphology and Sediment Transport Rates during Flood Events
Etta H. Gunsolus
Extreme precipitation events can alter the hydraulic and sediment regimes in rivers and streams. Such alterations
can result in erosion hazards, damage to instream infrastructure and increased risk of flooding. Predicting the
bed morphological response to flood events is challenging due to the complex relationship between hydraulics
and sediment transport during periods of unsteady flow. The present research seeks to evaluate the relationship
between bed morphological adjustments and sediment transport rates during flood events. Laboratory experimental runs were conducted in a 5.0 m-long, 0.31 m-wide sediment transport flume comprised of a well-sorted,
medium sand with an average grain size of 0.36 mm. Hydrographs of varying magnitude and duration were generated to simulate flood events. The experimental hydrographs consisted of three experimental stages: antecedent
conditions (base-flow), unsteady event (flood flow) and post-flood conditions (return to base-flow). Bed morphological measurements were conducted at the end of each stage and sediment transport rates were monitored
throughout the experimental runs. The relationship between the transit bed load rate, bed morphology and
measured transport rates during each stage of the flood event is assessed.
CSCE2015-44
Predicted Changes in Peace River Channel Morphology and Sediment Transport Related to the Site C
Clean Energy Project
Craig Nistor
The Site C Clean Energy Project is a third dam and 1100 MW hydroelectric generating station on the Peace River
in northeastern British Columbia, Canada. BC Hydro plans to start construction in the summer of 2015. This paper
presents the predicted changes in channel morphology and suspended sediment dynamics during Project operations that were described in the Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) for the Project. The reservoir is predicted
to trap 70% of the incoming sediment delivered from tributaries and from shoreline erosion induced around the
reservoir perimeter. However, sediment deposition on the reservoir bed is predicted to reduce the initial reservoir
volume by only 2.5% after 50 years. The mean annual suspended sediment load of the Peace River immediately
downstream from the dam is predicted to be reduced by 54% compared to baseline conditions. Farther downstream at the Town of Peace River, Alberta, the predicted reduction in sediment load is only 2%, due to the large
sediment inputs delivered to the Peace River by intervening tributaries. The Peace River has a cobble-gravel bed
extending for several hundred kilometres downstream from the Site C dam site, and the sediment that will be
trapped in the reservoir is much finer than the bed material in this section of the river. Long-term field observations indicate that the bed material in this part of the river is generally immobile due to flow regulation at the
two existing dams, which has led to ongoing bed material aggradation at tributary confluences and vegetation
encroachment on gravel bars. The Project will not change the flow regime of the river with respect to bedload
transport competence, and so is not expected to cause any incremental change in channel morphology downstream from the Site C Dam under normal operating conditions.
CSCE2015-46
Changes in Heavy Rainstorm Characteristics with Time and Temperature
Barry Palynchuk
The effects of climate change upon extreme rainfall is evaluated, based upon the identificationof individual
storms, and the changes in their statistical parameters and distributions. Those changes will be measured based
upon historical time spans, and climatic temperature associated with the events. A brief review and comparison
with other research is provided.
CSCE2015-47
Presented in Session 5A: STRATEGIES FOR EFFICIENT WATER RESOURCES PLANNING
Studying the Effect of Renaissance Dam on the Egyptian Water Budget
AbdelhamidEl-Tahan
The Grand Renaissance Dam, GRD or Millennium dam is an under construction project that lies in Ethiopia near
its border with south Sudan. It is a gravity dam on the Ethiopian Blue Nile Basin River. According to the formal
news, the main purpose of this dam is to generate the electrical power only so it reflects the Ethiopia intends to
become the most African power country. And the Ethiopians defends their opinion regarding the negative effect
of their dam on the water budget of Sudan countries and Egypt by simply mentioning that they do not depend
on the river water in agricultural purposes due to the topography of their country and the plenty of rainfall.
But according to different scenarios which will be studied in this paper, the downstream countries of the GRD
face many problems. In the research project reported in this paper, we focus only on the drought period during
the filling of the reservoir behind the dam which is estimated to be about 63 billion cubic meters of water by
studying different scenarios of filling the reservoir after extracted the necessary variables using the digital elevation model and GIS data for the Ethiopian Blue Nile basin to evaluate the total water discharge and volume just
behind the dam using the will know hydrological model, HEC-WMS.
32
Three-Dimensional Numerical Simulations of Subaerial Landslide Gerated Waves
William Daley Clohan
This research aims to advance the continuing effort of general purpose computational fluid dynamics model validation of subaerial landslide generated wave (SLGW) simulations. Specifically, using the weakly compressible
open source Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics model, DualSPHysics, three-dimensional simulations are quantitatively compared against a combination of physical model data and traditional general-purpose computational
fluid dynamics, Flow-3DTM, data.
Many simulations were conducted to determine the effect of both numerical parametrization and numerical
scheme prescriptions on SLGW accuracy. A systematic approach was taken to parse out insignificant physical
processes using Flow-3DTM - specifically surface tension - and to determine the optimal numerical scheme settings
that yield the most accurate results for both Flow-3DTM and DualSPHysics.
From this research, it is found that DualSPHysics is able to accurately simulate both wave generation and wave
propagation, but tends to over-predict the maximum wave run-up by about 70%. In contrast, Flow-3DTM was
able to accurately simulate wave propagation, but under predicted wave generation by about 25% and over predicted the maximum wave run-up by about 40%.
The question as to why both DualSPHysics and Flow-3DTM both over predict the maximum wave run-up during
a SLGW simulation is still open. However, it is speculated that this due to a lack of either energy dissipation
through physical air entrainment or resonance frequency consideration’s.
CSCE2015-51
Presented in Session 3C: FLUVIAL HYDRAULICS 1
Evaluation of Existing Equations for Estimating Bank Erosion in Meandering Streams
Mohsen Ebrahimi
The objective of this paper is to evaluate existing equations for estimating bank erosion in meandering streams.
As is well-known, such equations invariably relate the rate of bank erosion to shear stress or to flow velocity, and
imply that the maximum bank erosion occurs either at the location of maximum bank shear stress or maximum
near-bank velocity. The present analysis rests on laboratory experiments especially carried out by the authors at
Queen’s University. The laboratory stream consisted of a sine-generated meandering channel having an initial
deflection angle of 70° and a width of 0.80 m. The bed surface was immobilized; the trapezoidal banks were
movable. In these experiments, the maximum bank erosion was found to occur between the locations of maximum
velocity and maximum downstream velocity gradient. It is shown that, in spite of their widespread acceptance in
the literature and in practice, the existing equations are not able to adequately predict the bank erosion observed
in the case of the present laboratory experiments. This brings to light the lack of generality of the existing equations. The paper ends with a brief discussion of more realistic means of estimation of bank erosion.
CSCE2015-53
Design of a Novel Vortex Drop Structure for Large Stormwater Flows
Genevieve Kenny
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is becoming an increasingly popular design tool for civil engineering projects.
This paper will present CFD use for the design of a vortex drop shaft for a new construction stormwater sewer located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. A vortex inlet was required as a transition piece between a 2 metre by 2 metre
concrete channel and a drop shaft with a height of 23 metres that feeds a stormwater conveyance tunnel which
transports stormwater for treatment.
The purpose of the vortex inlet was to direct the water into a swirl pattern, circling along the wall of the drop
shaft preventing a “water fall” effect, where water would plummet to the base of the drop shaft causing erosion.
Any erosion at the base of the drop shaft would negatively impact the operation of the flushing system, and
therefore it was critical that the vortex inlet perform correctly. These unique design constraints including the
need to minimize head loss for high storm event flows were such that the standard vortex drop design parameters
based on the Iowa Institute of Hydraulics Research (IIHR) could not be applied in their entirety.
While the vortex drop shaft was designed in accordance with the IIHR guidelines, conceptual design layouts were
tested using hydraulic modeling with pilot scale models. Following the testing of the pilot scale models, a full
scale CFD model was developed to verify the design. This CFD model was initially validated by comparing the results with the pilot scale model, and once validated, the CFD model was run at multiple flow rates to evaluate
the performance of the vortex drop shaft.
33
Presented in Session 4D: DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS
Development and Operation of the Great Lakes Storm Surge Operational System
Patrick Delaney
Due to the size of the Great Lakes the communities located in low-lying regions along the shorelines are susceptible to short-term flooding events caused by storm surges. Severe storms with persistent high winds can dramatically change the water levels along the shoreline in a matter of hours, and this can be further exacerbated
by large waves as well as backwater effects on tributaries to the lakes. Communities along the shores of Lakes
Erie and St. Clair are particularly susceptible to flooding and storm damage with storm surges of up to 2.5 m
being measured at the eastern end of Lake Erie.
In response to this problem, the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources’ Surface Water Monitoring Centre has developed the Great Lakes Storm Surge Operational System for generating accurate and reliable forecasts of water
levels and wave heights for Ontario communities along the Great Lakes. The system automatically collects and
displays real-time water levels and wave height measurements at selected locations on the Great Lakes along
with wind and barometric pressure forecasts from Environment Canada. This information is then used to inform
a series of hydrodynamic and wave models for Lake Ontario, Lake Erie, Lake St. Clair, Lake Huron and Lake Superior. The models and resulting forecasts are updated multiple times per day and the information is made available
and disseminated to the Conservation Authorities responsible for flood warnings in these communities.
Although there is nothing that can be done to prevent the storm surges from happening, the impacts to the communities have been mitigated by providing accurate forecasts and advanced warnings about storm surge events.
CSCE2015-55
Using detailed 2D Urban Floodplain Modelling to Inform Development Planning in Mississauga, ON
Patrick Delaney
The city of Mississauga has recently identified strategic growth areas where investments will be targeted for redevelopment and intensification projects. One of the growth areas has a history of flooding during major storm
events. In order to redevelop this area, businesses and land owners need to prepare development proposals ensuring that appropriate flood proofing requirements have been achieved and emergency management plans
have been prepared. Although the area had previously been included in an update to the regulatory floodplain
mapping, the one-dimensional (1D) model that was used to map the floodplain was not capable of representing
the complex overland flow within the study area. Therefore, the Toronto Region Conservation Authority determined that a more detailed two-dimensional (2D) hydraulic model was required to refine the floodplain mapping
for this area. MIKE FLOOD was selected for the modelling because it couples a 1D channel flow model (MIKE 11)
with a 2D overland flow model (MIKE 21). This approach was advantageous because it could leverage the existing
1D HEC-RAS model to prepare a MIKE 11 model for the 1D channel flow in Little Etobicoke Creek and then model
the overland flooding using the 2D MIKE 21 model. This approach provided the ability to accurately represent
the depths and velocities of flooding in the streets, on properties, and around buildings.
The resultant model was used to run different storm events such as 5-year, 50-year, 350-year and regional flow
for the existing condition where the flood wall and flood protection berm were included in the model. Similar
models were also run for 350-year and regional flow events for the condition without flood wall and the berm
in order to determine the current level of flood protection being provided, and to meet regulatory floodplain
mapping requirements. The model is also being used to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed flood proofing
and flood mitigation plans. The updated flood constraint mapping will also provide guidance to local, regional
and provincial government agencies as well as private sectors in managing and planning existing and future developments throughout the region.
CSCE2015-58
Flow Development and Retention Times in a Vortex-Type Storm Water Retention Pond
Rocky Chowdhury
Storm water retention ponds area widely used best management practice for improving the water quality of
storm water runoff. Most of the retention ponds, constructed during the 1980’s and 1990’s, were designed for
flow attenuation, as water quality was not taken as a major concern at the time.
Although these ponds have been found to improve the quality of storm water runoff to some extent, they are
subjected to a high degree of short-circuiting, the presence of dead zones, and short retention times.
34
This paper discusses hydraulic model development and testing of a new vortex-type retention pond that has been
designed with careful consideration of the flow pattern in the pond for minimization of shortcircuiting and dead
zones and improved removal of sediment. First, flow visualization using dye was conducted to determine the
general flow pattern in the model as a means to estimate model dead space.
Then tracer studies were carried out within the model under steady flow conditions to determine the time for
the flow to fully develop and give consistent retention time results. The characteristic parameters for describing
retention time are presented (e.g. baffle factor, Morrill dispersion index, etc.) as a function of flow development
time. The results are thought to indicate the importance of considering flow development in the design and operation of the full-scale ponds, which typically operate under unsteady flow conditions.
CSCE2015-60
Using Suspended Sediment Particle Size Distributions to Charactrize Sediment Transport on the Red
River
Masoud Goharrokhi
Sediment transport processes are a complicated phenomenon and are important for many fields within river engineering. The key objective of this study was to assess the dominant mode of the sediment flux along a 10 km
reach of the Red River in Winnipeg using measured suspended sediment size distributions and flow characteristics
over the spring to fall period of 2013. Local and average shear velocity (u∗) was obtained by means of ADCP measurements under different turbulent flow conditions. Herein a combination of the Red River shear velocity and
fall velocity of the individual particle size is employed to determine the maximum particle size potential per u∗
in bed transport and fully suspended transport modes. Water-sediment samples were collected at various depths
and spanwise locations and at several cross sections along the reach during the study period, and were then measured using a Malvern Mastersizer 2000 instrument. Class sizes of suspended materials were compared with estimated particle entrainment values under varying flow conditions to determine the dominant mode of sediment
transport.
CSCE2015-61
The Lake Champlain Haut-Richelieu Water System; Adaptation to Climate and Anthropogenic Changes
Pierre Dupuis
The 2011 Lake Champlain and Richelieu River flood affected about 3 000 homes in the Montérégie area and did
for millions of dollars of damages in northern Vermont and New-York States. The Lake Champlain water level
crested at an elevation never seen before. Most of the damages were south of the Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu Rapids,
a constriction in the Richelieu River that regulates the outflow from Lake Champlain and dictates the upstream
water level variations. Previous flood events, in the beginning of the 1900’s, in the 40’s and in the 70’s lend to
major studies, some conducted under the auspices of the International Joint Commission (IJC). The main objective
was to identify mitigation solutions to this recurring problem. In fact, in the late 30’ Fryers Dam was built as part
of a solution to help in managing water levels but the Second World War postponed completion of this project
indefinitely.
In this paper, an historical daily water levels time series, reconstituted from digital records and historical papers
that covers more than 150 years is presented. This long time series helps in the evaluation of either wet-dry cycles
and/or trends that could be explained in part by climate changes. Care was given to make sure that all data gathered from both U.S and Canada sources was corrected to a common datum of reference. From this series it is
shown that a major upward shift in water levels occurred in the early 1970’ that had a significant impact on the
wetlands flora and vegetation at that time. Changes were so drastic that it prompted major studies to be undertaken under the IJC auspices in the 70’s.
Anthropogenic changes are also analyzed as they are a significant contributing factor to the hydraulic response
of this basin. A main contributing factor is the Chambly Canal, constructed in the mid 1800’s for navigation purposes and exchange of good between Canada and the US. This canal extends in the natural river bed, creating a
constriction of the flow. Widening of the canal in the first years or the 1970’s by almost 30 meters contributed to
50% of the upstream water table upward shift. This ratio can be estimated based stage-discharge relationships
established from all stage-discharge measurements that cover periods prior to 1970 and later, from an inverse
water balance hydrological model created specifically for this analysis and on the analysis of flow from the Hudson
River water system.
Observations are made about the necessity to perform exhaustive evaluation of all available data, the danger of
not recognizing bad data or anthropogenic changes in the evaluation of climatic changes effects. Finally recommendations are made as to how to adapt to these changes to help manage the water resources in this region.
35
CSCE2015-62
Presented in Session 3D: FLOOD HYDRAULICS AND HYDROLOGY
Flood Inundation Maps Using Reduced Complexity Models
Heather McGrath
Complex computer models exist for computing flood hazard at a specific return period or to reproduce historic
events. While technologically sophisticated, these programs are intended, first of all, for use by a small number
of technical and scientific experts. As part of a more comprehensive flood risk assessment research program, this
study aims to provide the capability to compute approximate flood inundation maps at any potential river stage.
The intended audience is the non-expert public safety community, which combines flood hazard information together with the inventory of assets at risk and respective vulnerabilities to assess expected economic and social
losses. The proposed framework will provide tools to run otherwise complex flood risk assessment scenarios with
the ‘press of a button’ and to ensure informed emergency response and mitigation decisions. A number of simple
methods for computing flood inundation maps will be created in a web-based mapping application. These methods will compute on-the-fly and display scenario inundation maps in an instant to the user. The following methods
are proposed: (i) constant discharge by interpolation between precomputed flooded water surfaces (CADYRi),
(ii) constant immersion depth (1D+), and (iii) constant horizontal flooded water surface (0D- models). These methods are assumed acceptable for small study areas with relatively uniform topography, usually representative of
urban environment, whereas larger study areas should be divided into smaller portions depending of the hydrology and terrain characteristics.
CSCE2015-65
L-Moments Based Novel Record-Extension Technique for Short Gauged Water Quality Parameters
Bahaa Khalil
Extension of hydrological or water quality records at short-gauged station using information from another longgauged station is termed “record extension”. The Ordinary least squares regression (OLS) is a traditional and commonly used record-extension technique. However, OLS is more appropriate for the substitution of scattered
missing values but not for record-extension as the OLS provides extended records with underestimated variance.
Underestimation of the extended records variability leads to underestimation of high percentiles and overestimation of low percentiles, given that the data is normally distributed. The maintenance of variance extension
techniques (MOVE) have the advantage of maintaining the variance in the extended records. However the OLS
and MOVE techniques are sensitive to the presence of outliers. Two new record-extension techniques were recently proposed with the advantage of being robust in the presence of outliers, the robust line of organic correlation (RLOC) and modified version of the Kendall-Theil Robust line (KTRL2). In this study a new robust technique
is proposed. The new regression technique (LM-R) is a modified version of the RLOC and KTRL2, where the LM-R
intercept is the one used for RLOC and KTRL2, while the slope is estimated based on the second L-moment. An
empirical examination of the preservation of the characteristics of the water quality parameters was carried out
using water quality records from the Nile Delta water quality monitoring network in Egypt. A comparison between
six record-extension techniques (OLS, MOVE1, KTRL, KTRL2, RLOC and LM-R) was performed to examine the extended records for bias and standard error of the estimate of statistical moments and over the full range of percentiles. Results showed that the proposed LM-R technique outperforms other techniques by producing extended
records that preserve variability as well as extreme percentiles.
CSCE2015-66
Social Learning for Transboundary Water Resource Management in the St. Lawrence River Basin
Alison Furber
Meaningful participation of stakeholders in decision making is now widely recognised as a crucial element of effective water resource management, particularly with regards to adapting to climate and environmental change.
Social learning is increasingly being cited as an important component of engagement if meaningful participation
is to be achieved (e.g. Medema et al., 2014; Mostert et al., 2008). The exact definition of social learning is still a
matter under debate (Reed et al., 2010), but is taken to be a process in which individuals experience a change in
understanding that has a social dimension in that it is brought about by social interaction and is linked to wider
communities of practice (ibid). Social learning has been identified as particularly important in transboundary
contexts (Pahl-Worstl et al., 2004) where it is necessary to reframe problems from a local perspective to a basin
wide one (Mostert et al., 2008). Social learning is explored in the context of transboundary water resource management in the St. Lawrence River Basin. The overarching goal is to identify and assess the effectiveness of current
social learning practices within the basin. To achieve this end, in-depth interviews have been conducted with ten
of the region’s water resource managers. Questions were designed to explore the relevance of social learning in
the St. Lawrence River basin context, and to identify the practices currently employed which impact on social
learning. While examples of social learning occurring have been identified, preliminary results suggest that these
examples are exceptions rather than the rule, and that on the whole social learning is not occurring to its full potential. Further work is proposed to analyse the mechanisms that enabled the identified examples of social learning and those which create barriers in other cases.
36
Application of Gauge-Adjusted Weather Radar for Hydrology
Jack McKee
Radar has long been recognized to have immense potential in the field of hydrology, however, it is still not widely
used for hydrological modeling due to several well-known errors and difficulty in managing and obtaining realtime data. Several techniques have been established to minimize these errors, including the adjustment of radar
estimates based on ground observations from rain gauges. The success of individual adjustment techniques depends on several location-specific environmental and operational factors. Few studies have assessed the impact
of applying gauge-adjustment techniques at the watershed-level using Environment Canada’s (EC) radar network
in real-time. The goal of this study is to analyse the impact of well-known gauge-adjustment techniques on the
accuracy of the final radar product using EC’s radar network, with a focus on the effect of the time-step of adjustment. Four gauge-adjustment techniques are analysed at five different time-steps of adjustments. Error was
generally observed to decrease as the time-step increased. The decrease in error is attributed to spatio-temporal
variations which tend to be prominent at smaller time-steps. Despite these errors, gauge-adjustment techniques
provide significant improvement in accuracy at all time-steps and will result in more reliable hydrological modeling.
CSCE2015-69
Evaluation of Hydraulic Zone Of Influence for Planktonic Entrainment at a Cooling Water Intake
Structure in Lake Huron
Jack Brand
Cooling water intake structures (CWIS) at water usage industries draw large volumes of water from the surrounding aquatic environment and can result in the entrainment of ichthyoplankton from the water body. It is important to be able to accurately estimate CWIS entrainment rates from power plant operational, environmental
assessment and fisheries perspectives. Rates of entrainment are known to be affected by hydrodynamic processes,
yet, to date, there have been few studies investigating the spatial extent of influence of cooling water intake
structures. This research seeks to characterize the hydraulic zone of influence of a CWIS operated by a nuclear
generating station on Lake Huron. Hydrodynamic patterns were characterized with measurements strategically
sampled around the intake structure by surface-deployed acoustic Doppler current profilers in 2013. Results indicate: 1) an inverse relationship between velocity and distance from the intake; 2) complex bathymetric effects on
currents; and 3) a disruptive effect of CWIS discharge on surface velocity near the intake. The data reveal that
the CWIS hydraulic zone of influence may extend up to a distance 250 m from the intake structure. The results
are used to investigate the relationship between hydrodynamic patterns and the entrainment risk of Lake Whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) larvae in the source waters.
CSCE2015-70
Presented in Session 3D: FLOOD HYDRAULICS AND HYDROLOGY
Two-Dimensional Hydrodynamic Model Development for Complex Floodplain Studies
Junying Qu
With the development of computer hardware and numerical modeling software and the increase of computational power, numerical hydrodynamic modeling continues to be pushed to the limits.
Where at one time it was not possible, nor common, complex two-dimensional (2D) shallow water modeling is
becoming increasingly applied in the water resources engineering field. A significant challenge to past model
studies, and as well today, is the accurate model representation of the passage of a major flood event over a
large scale, complex and shallow flow floodplain. Within the floodplain the major rivers and the related tributaries, as well as, manmade infrastructure, including roads/railways, dikes, culverts, bridges, and man-made drains
are of critical hydraulic importance to how flood flows are conveyed along the floodplain.
This paper describes the development of a complex two dimensional model of the Red River floodplain in southern
Manitoba. A critical component of the model development is the accurate representation of the physical domain
with a computational mesh. The mesh design combined the advantages of both triangular mesh and quadrangular mesh to best represent the river channels and critical physical features of the floodplain, while at the same
time minimizing the number of mesh elements, which minimizes the computational time and reduces the potential for model instabilities. The model complexity was compounded by the incorporation of road washouts that
occur at the peak of a flood event. The model was calibrated and validated against a number of historical flood
events and then successfully applied to assess the hydraulic conditions associated with the proposed raising of a
section of a major highway from Winnipeg, Manitoba to the Pembina-Emerson Port of Entry. The model was also
used to develop mitigation measures to ensure no measureable change to flood patterns or levels in the Red
River Valley.
37
Converting Waste to Resources: A Decision-Support Model for Short-Rotation Coppice Systems
Planning and Management
Huy T. Nguyen
Short-rotation coppice (SRC) plantations of willow or poplar are intended to be both environmentally friendly,
permitting disposal of treated, nutrient-rich, domestic wastewater and biosolids, and economically viable, providing a sustainable source of wood fibre for biofuel and biochar production. These SRC systems are complex and
involve interactions between numerous factors, including climate, wastewater and biosolids characteristics, soil
chemistry and physical characteristics, woody crop establishment and growth, bioenergy, environmental regulations, and economics. A method is therefore required to identify and understand interactions and feedbacks between these various system components in order for decision makers to plan appropriately, maximize biomass
end-uses, and optimize their investments. This paper describes the development of the “WISDOM” model, a new,
comprehensive, decision-support model for short-rotation coppice (SRC) systems. WISDOM can be used to aid
stakeholders and decision-makers in long-term planning for environmentally- and economically-sustainable SRC
plantations. In terms of model performance, WISDOM produces good results. A variety of key SRC system components were simulated successfully based on eight years of Whitecourt, Alberta, historical data; for instance,
the match between simulated and observed values was R2 = 0.98 for biomass production, R2 = 0.92 for tree height,
and R2 = 0.90 for soil electrical conductivity. The model can be used to identify how alternative management decisions affect system behaviour through the development of “what-if” scenarios, with three climate scenarios run
for Whitecourt SRC to predict biomass yields and irrigation requirements, and nine combined yield-harvest economic scenarios produced for a complete SRC life cycle of more than twenty years. These scenarios provide insights
into the plantation and management of the Whitecourt site into the future.
CSCE2015-73
Innovative Wave Analysis Approach For Decision-Making–Case Study: Mont-Louis Wharf Rehabilitation
Justin McKibbon
The Port of Mont-Louis is located on the south shore of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, roughly 120 km west of Gaspé,
Québec. A 450 m long breakwater was constructed on the east side of the bay in 1955 to form a sheltered harbor
basin and to serve as a commercial wharf. The structure has since been exposed to numerous severe storms that
have caused considerable damage. Urgent repairs were thus required. Ten different wharf rehabilitation configurations were submitted for analysis. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of the different rehabilitation options on long-term shoreline erosion inside the bay (comparative analysis) and evaluate how the
new wharf configuration would affect harbor agitation conditions behind the Fishermen’s wharf, located on the
west side of the bay. The proposed approach required the coupling of phase-averaged (SWAN-Delft3D) and phaseresolving (CGWAVE) wave transformation models, as well as the development of 4-D numerical solution-spaces,
using in house hydroinformatics expertise, to recreate the nearshore wave climate and assess long-term wave
stresses along the shoreline. Hourly wave height and water level time-series were produced for a 22 year period,
at 60 cross-sections located around the bay. Total wave hours and wave energy attacking the shoreline were then
compiled and graphed for each wharf rehabilitation configuration analysed. A similar protocol was used to characterise wave agitation conditions at each cell of a 5 m spaced grid overlaying the study area behind the Fishermen’s wharf. This study demonstrates how in-house software development can be used to meet specific client
needs and support the decision-making process. The proposed approached was designed to post-process large
amounts of modeling output, easily visualize and compare wave stresses and variability along the shoreline, identify low-erosion impact scenarios for the repair works and produce 2-D maps illustrating harbor oscillation conditions.
CSCE2015-74
3D Hydraulic Modeling to Support Hydrotechnical Design and Decision-Making Process
Nicolas Guillemette
The understanding of water-structure interaction is a subject with important applications in the design of hydraulic structures, whether for dam and hydropower projects, municipal infrastructures, mining industry or various
industrial purposes. 3D hydraulic modeling is recommended where local hydrodynamic behaviour is of prime interest, or where multiple water retaining structures are present (i.e. formed by many pipes, chambers, retaining
walls causing the flow not to be unidirectional). Due to cost and time constraints, the use of physical models may
not always be possible and computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling represents a very interesting alternative
to support the design and decisionmaking processes. In this presentation, we provide some guidelines to identify
the key parameters to be considered when using 3D modeling to support hydrotechnical design. Real-world case
studies show how to take advantage of 3D outputs through Best Management Practices (BMP). We also explore
some of the typical constraints and provide guidance for the development of the 3D geometry and mesh. Finally,
we discuss how 3D models help us determine if a forecast is realistic and reliable, how to improve the effort to
get buy-in from stakeholders and how to minimize risk by tackling the problem as explicitly as possible.
38
Presented in Session 3C: FLUVIAL HYDRAULICS 1
Hydraulics of Repelling Groynes and Their Application to the Bow River After the June 2013 Flood
Michael Bender
There are many styles of river training structures within the spectrum of groynes or spurs. One of those styles is
the use of short spurs or groynes that are angled downwards from the top of the bank and are pointed upstream.
The arrangement creates eddies on both the upstream and downstream sides of the structure, and a mid-stream
scour location away from the spur. In this way, the shape of the structure results in the river bank being protected
by water flow patterns instead of rock, and protected during all river stages. This style of groyne is referred to
as a repelling groyne. The characteristics of sloped-crested repelling groynes are not well documented by the literature. The paper will describe the hydraulic characteristics of this style of spur based on 2D modelling, and will
present several examples that have been constructed along the Bow River in the City of Calgary after the June
2013 floods in Alberta.
CSCE2015-77
CFD Modeling of a Large Intake Structure
Bernando Majano
A plant uses a large water intake (the Intake) from a bay for cooling large thermal turbines. The flow is in excess
of 10 m3/s which is restricted by a permit to take water. Because the water is used for cooling, the required flow
increases proportionally to the bay’s water temperature (i.e. higher Intake flows during summer, assuming same
heat rejection load at the turbines). In the summer of 2013, plant staff noticed a temperature change in the Intake
water temperature. The change in the influent water temperature was attributed to conditions created when a
bulk carrier, under load and deep in draft, docked across the mouth of the Intake. It was theorized that the vessel’s
deep draft created a condition where water was being drawn from a deeper zone of the bay, resulting in cooler,
cooling water influent conditions. RVA was retained by the owner of the plant to further study the feasibility of
constructing a baffle wall at the Intake. As part of the scope, RVA developed a CFD model of the intake with a
baffle wall of variable depths. The model was used to determine temperature, velocity, and pressure distribution
within the model. Various baffle wall depths were modeled in order to obtain the depth that obtains the coolest
water temperature while keeping the water velocities and pressure drops within acceptable values. The present
paper describes the engineering analysis and CFD modeling methodology used to study the problem and provide
recommendations to the plant owner.
CSCE2015-78
Romaine Hydroelectric Complex – Scale Model Optimization of the Hydraulic Structures
Marc Villeneuve
Hydro-Quebec Production obtained the necessary approvals to build a 1,550-MW hydroelectric complex on the
Rivière Romaine, north of the municipality of Havre-Saint-Pierre on the north shore of the St. Lawrence. The complex will consist of four hydropower generating stations with average annual output of 8.0 TWh.
Since 2009, Hydro-Quebec and Lasalle|NHC have been working together through scale model studies on the hydraulic optimization of the various components of the four projects. In spite of the development and growth of
numerical modeling capabilities, physical (scale) modeling is still essential for the final optimization of large hydraulic structures.
This paper first describes the general approach and goals involved in the comprehensive modeling of the projects,
with simulation of the spillway, power intake and temporary diversion works. Specific results of the Romaine-1,
Romaine-2 and Romaine-3 comprehensive models are presented with emphasis on power intake condition requirements and spillway energy dissipation.
The local, larger scale models that were built to optimize the hydraulic structures used for instream flow requirements are also presented. These include the model for diversion gate operation during the initial filling of the
RO-2 reservoir, the model for the high head outlets used during the second phase of filling, as well as the model
of the spillway orifices used for permanent release of the instream flow. The issues raised by those studies include
gate loads and vibration, cavitation, bedrock erodibility and the need for accurate discharge capacity curves.
For each of these models, the specific modeling objectives and results are discussed, along with the model-prototype relationships and potential scale effects.
39
Comprehensive Numerical Model of the St. Lawrence Estuary between Quebec City and Rimouski –
Application to Hydrodynamics, Wave and Sediment Transport
Catherine Denault
In the last fifteen years, in the course of its R&D activities and studies performed for private and governmental
clients, Lasalle|NHC has gradually developed a comprehensive numerical model of the St. Lawrence Estuary. The
depth-averaged model developed using the MIKE 21 commercial package now covers nearly 300 km of the St.
Lawrence River, from the Quebec Bridge to Pointe-au-Père (Rimouski). It integrates the most recent bathymetric
data from the Canadian Hydrographic Service, as well as additional coastal surveys performed for specific projects.
The modeling results have been validated by field measurements in various portions of the domain. With the
modular architecture of MIKE 21, wave, sediment transport and pollutant dispersion processes can be coupled
with the hydrodynamic modeling.
The paper first describes the main steps of the model development, with emphasis on bathymetric data, definition
of boundary conditions and model formulation, for which both the finite difference (structured grid) and finite
volume (flexible mesh) versions of the model have been tested.
Three specific case studies are presented: hydrodynamic modeling for the construction of a new ferry dock at Rivière-du-Loup, sediment transport by currents in the Isle-aux-Coudres reach and complete modeling of sediment
transport and morphological changes under the influence of waves and tidal currents for an expansion project
in the Port of Quebec City.
The results outline the need for site-specific validation data and the inherent complexity of modeling hydrosedimentologic processes in the St. Lawrence Estuary.
CSCE2015-80
Estimation of Streamflows with Parametric Frequency Pairing Method
Jasmine Kang
For many water management related practices, long term stream flow and precipitation data are required to estimate design flow or storm events and their likelihood of reoccurrence. In practice, conducting these hydrological
analyses becomes difficult for projects that are located in remote sites without long-standing meteorological
records (e.g. 20-year precipitation/streamflow data), or with compromised records due to lack of maintenance.
Recent studies have shown the advantages of using the Empirical Frequency Pairing (EFP) method to prepare synthetic long-standing data utilizing short-term data input (Butt, 2013). This method has invoked interest to statistically pair a project site’s data to long-standing records of gauged streams by using a distribution fitting method
such as the Parametric Frequency Pairing (PFP) method (Millar, 2013). With this approach, stream flow records
are fitted to a parametric statistical distribution function for both long-term weather stations and short-term
project sites. A set of parameters associated to the specific distribution functions are estimated with the limited
length of the project site’s record. This set of parameters allows the interpolation and extrapolation of random
variables of different frequency probabilities. For various water resources design and planning purposes, stream
flow with different frequencies of occurrence can be predicted using this approach. For example, estimation of
stream flow rate with 50% probability of exceedance enables capacity calculations of small hydro power stations.
In this study, the PFP method is applied to the flow records from six gauged streams in British Columbia that were
used in Butt's EFP study (Butt, 2013). The simulated long-term data sets are then compared to the historical
records to evaluate the PFP’s performance.
CSCE2015-82
Investigating Seasonal Modeling of Flow Series for Nashwaak River, NB, Canada
Shabnam Mostofi Zadeh
This paper presents the results of seasonal modeling of flow series for Nashwaak River in the province of New
Brunswick, Canada. It is well known that hydrological phenomena tend to vary from one season to another.
Knowledge about seasonal changes in magnitude of flows is critical as it is needed for the planning and design
of water resources projects. Therefore it is important to be able to model these seasonal changes. This study investigates the application of two major families of seasonal models; Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving
Average (SARIMA) and Deseasonalized models for modeling seasonal data. The seasonal models were constructed
based on 49 years of historical flows of Nashwaak River and separately applied to a set of monthly average streamflows. Extensive exploratory data analysis and comparative studies were performed on the data to determine the
type and number of model parameters. The McLeod-Hipel Time Series package was employed for parameter estimation. It was found that the seasonal models are well constructed and passed the required diagnostic checks.
These models were then utilized for forecasting future monthly average streamflows. Forecasting experiments
were conducted for series of data that were not used in the model construction stage. It was concluded that these
models produce comparable forecasts that are similar to available historical monthly average flows.
40
Analysis and Monitoring of Watercourses in Urban Environments for Sustainable Development and
Adaptation to Climate Change – the Lorette River case study
François Groux
The increase in precipitation intensity and the frequency of extreme events, commonly associated with currently
occurring climate change, creates new problems for already sensitive rivers flowing through urban areas. A detailed analysis of these types of watercourses and their connecting drainage networks, combined with instrumentation and real-time monitoring, provides managers the information required for targeted and efficient responses
to the evolving flood problems (dynamics?). On May 31st, 2013, a severe thunderstorm occurred over the Lorette
River’s watershed, resulting in more than 60 mm of rainfall in less than 3 hours. This event caused a flash flood
affecting the river and its connecting drainage networks. This kind of flooding had never before been observed
on this watershed which is rather well-known for its vulnerability to long rain periods typically associated with
hurricane remnants. This event led managers to review their previously established work program for mitigating
flood risks. This paper will show how the knowledge obtained from the studies carried out (including many surveys
along with hydrologic and hydraulic modelling), coupled with real-time monitoring of precipitations and flows,
enabled a rapid characterization of the May event and the development of an appropriate response for emergency works and the implementation of a contingency plan.
CSCE2015-84
Climate Change and Storm Surges in the Hudson and James Bays
Alexandre Massé
A common problem that afflicts coastal communities along the Hudson Bay and James Bay is the lack of reliable
data on water levels, especially data on extreme water levels. The construction and maintenance of coastal infrastructures and the assessment of the risks related to marine flooding and coastal erosion are very difficult to
achieve without this critical information.
A recent study conducted by the consortium on climate change Ouranos and LaSalle|NHC¬ achieved important
progress on the understanding and prediction of the development of tides and storm surges induced by variations
of wind and pressures in the Hudson Bay area.
The study first focused on the development and calibration of a reliable two-dimensional hydrodynamic numerical
model, aimed at reconstituting the water levels in the entire Hudson Bay area over the last 30 years period, from
wind and atmospheric pressure data fields issued from the NARR (North American Regional Reanalysis) model.
Reliable statistics on extreme water levels for the actual climate were established.
With the extensive data base of water levels over the last 30 years, the storminess in the Hudson Bay was also investigated to understand the atmospheric mechanisms that lead to the strongest storm surges, and to define the
main characteristics of the critical storms. According to the CRCM (Canadian Regional Climate Model), climate
change will modify the storms patterns in the future, which would lead to an increased number of critical storms
in the Hudson Bay affecting the extreme water levels. A methodology to account for climate change is proposed.
CSCE2015-85
Probabilistic Method to Evaluate the Peak Outflow of Dam Failures by Overtopping
Youssef Bentaiebi
The peak breach outflow and temporal parameters of the breach are often required in risk assessment studies of
dam failures. They ensue generally from a forecast of the behavior of the dam during its failure and from the
final shape of the breach. This forecast is generally soiled by several sources of uncertainties resulting as much
from hypotheses of modeling as by the choice of parameters which interfering in calculations. In this work, a
physical model of computing the breach outflow of an earth embankment damaged by overtopping (ERODE), is
exploited by the use of Monte Carlo simulations to predict effects of uncertainties of floods, water level and nominal diameter of the earth dam. Such an evaluation is important in risk and safety analysis of dams to avoid overestimation or understatement in decision-making.
41
Influences of ENSO, NAO, and PDO on Canada’s Monthly Streamflow: Trends and Variability
Deasy Nalley
The trends and variability in hydroclimatic time series (such as El-Niño Southern Oscillation
(ENSO), North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), and Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO)) are critical in examining the potential impacts of the changing climate on our precious water resources. In order to examine the effect of changing climate, this study aimed to assess the influence of ENSO, NAO, and PDO – which are considered important
large-scale climate indices affecting Canada’s climate – on the trends and variability of streamflows in Canada.
Monthly streamflow records from seven reference hydrometric basin network (RHBN) stations in Canada having
a minimum of 40 years of continuous data were used in this study. Wavelet transform is a very useful mathematical
technique for extracting time-frequency information from non-stationary hydrological time series (such as streamflow) and is used in this study in combination with non-parametric statistical tests. The Mann-Kendall trend test
was used to identify the starting point of trends in monthly streamflow data, while continuous wavelet transform
was used to quantify the main periodicities in the streamflow and the three climate indices. The relationships between streamflow and each of the climate indices were quantified at different time scales using wavelet coherence. While the starting points of trends in the streamflow time series varied among the studied stations, the
continuous wavelet spectra consistently showed significant periodicities at the 6-month and 12-month time scales.
The inter-annual influence was apparent at 2-6 years for ENSO and NAO, and up to 8 years for PDO. The influence
of PDO was also apparent at time scales of 16 years or more (up to 32 years). Information provided by this study
will be useful for improving hydrological forecasting capacity and for more efficient and effective water resources
management in Canada.
CSCE2015-87
Investigation of the Impact of Climate Change on Flooding in the Red River Basin
Peter Rasmussen
In this presentation, we investigate the impact of climate change on the frequency of spring peak flows in the
Red River basin. The most severe flood events of the Red River occur as a result of the spring snow melt. We employ a regression model to predict spring peak discharge from a set of predictor variables that include antecedent
precipitation in the previous fall, winter snow accumulation, and spring precipitation. Data from the Coupled
Model Intercomparison Project - Phase 5 (CMIP5) are used to project changes in the time series of predictor variables and this information in turn is used to derive flood distributions for future climate conditions. Most climate
models predict increased precipitation during winter months but this trend toward larger snow packs is partly
offset by a shorter snow accumulation period and higher winter evaporation rates. The means and medians of
an ensemble of 16 climate models do not suggest a particular trend toward more or less frequent floods of the
Red River. However, the ensemble range is quite large, highlighting the difficulties involved in estimating changes
in extreme events.
CSCE2015-89
Estimation of Mean Monthly Flows at Ungauged Locations in the Maritimes and Pacific Hydrologic
Regions
M. Naveed Khaliq
A statistical approach, based on multiple regression (MR) and hydrological neighbourhood concept, is developed
for estimating mean monthly flows (MMFs) at ungauged locations. For performing MR, 43 different catchment
attributes, derived from geographical, climatological, land cover type and geological characteristics are considered. For the identification of hydrological neighbourhood, canonical correlation analysis (CCA) is used. The combined (CCA-MR) approach is first assessed through cross-validation tests across the Canadian hydrometric network
from Water Survey of Canada and then applied to estimate mean monthly flows in two large hydrologic regions
(i.e. Maritimes and Pacific) by defining all possible stream-networks and associated catchment attributes in a Geographical Information System environment. When assessed on the basis of normalized root mean square error
or other similar criteria, the estimated MMFs appear to be reasonable for the ice-free May to September months
and not so for the remaining months, particularly for the December to March period. Apart from freezing winter
conditions and uncertainties associated with interpolated catchment attributes, the differences between the physical mechanisms responsible for runoff generation and lack of adequate nearest neighbours for smaller stream
reaches could be among possible reasons. In spite of notable discrepancies for the winter season, the estimated
flows will be useful for spatial mapping of monthly streamflow regime indicators and obtaining insights into surface flow conditions across the entire geographic space.
42
Presented in Session 1D: TURBULENT MIXING AND ENTRAINMENT
The Effect of a Turbulent Background on the Concentration Field of a High-Schmidt-Number Passive
Scalar within a Turbulent Jet
Susan Gaskin
The final disposal of water borne pollution, after varying levels of treatment, is often as a turbulent jet into
surface waters – lakes, rivers and oceans. Dilution by turbulent entrainment and mixing of the ambient fluid into
the jet is relied on to minimize the toxic effects on the environment. The vast majority of studies of turbulent jets
have considered quiescent backgrounds, assuming that neglecting the effect of external turbulence on turbulent
jets is conservative. A study on a plane jet in a shallow co-flow indicated that the background turbulence field reduces the dilution in the near field. The present investigation complements a more detailed study of the effect
of background turbulence on the velocity field of an axisymmetric turbulent jet by investigating the concentration
field of a high-Schmidt-number passive scalar in the same jet. A quasi-homogeneous and isotropic, zero mean
flow turbulent background was generated with a random jet array. The concentration field within the turbulent
jet was measured using planar laser induced fluorescence. The evolution of the mean concentration field in the
jet in background turbulence is compared to that of a jet in a quiescent background. The results show that the
mean concentration decreases near the centreline when compared with that of the jet discharging into a quiescent background, whereas near the edges of the jet, higher values were measured. The jet half-width increases
slightly compared to the quiescent background with downstream distance. These results are discussed in relation
to earlier studies.
CSCE2015-93
Design and Construction of a Ship ARREST BOOM AT Beauharnois Canal along the St Lawrence Seaway
Navigation System
Razek Abdelnour
A unique Ship Arrest Boom was built in 2012, at the Beauharnois Canal near Montreal Quebec, to stop ships up
to 35,000 tons and moving at a speed of 3.5 knots from impacting any of the 13 bridge piers supporting a 2 km
long bridge built 500 m downstream. The design ship is the largest that can pass in the adjacent Beauharnois
Lock along the St Lawrence Seaway Navigation. In addition to stopping ships, the system was designed to resist
the Beauharnois Canal ice during its formation and its breakup without interfering with the existing ice boom
system deployed every winter along the canal to monitor and control the ice in the canal. The system was also
designed to minimize the headlosses caused by the system, which have reduced the head of the 1000 MW hydroelectric plant located 2 km downstream of the bridge.
The Ship Arrest Boom consists of a barrier with ten spans. The barrier is held in place by 24 nylon ropes capable
of stretching up to 40% before their failure at 100 tonnes. The ropes are fixed at the bottom of the canal to 13
rock anchors. Each span consists of a steel cable that connects to four rope anchors. The steel cable is retained
on the water surface by buoys that consist of long cylinders shaped to provide the necessary buoyancy while letting the newly formed ice to move downstream.
Numerical modeling of the ship retention system showed that the barrier is capable to reach a complete stop
after about 100 m penetration distance.
The paper describes the procedures followed for the design development, the numerical and risk analysis, the
fabrication and installation of the system during the past 3 years in operation.
CSCE2015-95
Development of Regional Storm Frequency Maps for the Upper Yangtze River Basin and Its application
to Assess Climate Change
Jinhui Huang
A framework named Precipitation Regional Extreme Mapping (PREM) consists of regional analysis, mapping methods and Student¡¯s t-test was proposed in this study. It uses a set of ground station data to investigate the spatial-temporal characteristics of precipitation for a study area. Due to the employment of student¡¯s t-test, it has
the capability to assess presence/absence of climate change for extreme events. This framework was applied to
the upper Yangtze River basin in China. This study confirms the homogeneous regions identified by Wang (2002)
using a heterogeneity measure, where all three regions have heterogeneity less than 1.0. The distribution of PE3
(the Pearson type III distribution) was found to be acceptable for all three regions. Two indices, RMSE (root mean
square error) and BIAS (mean bias), were used for accuracy characterizations for the extreme map and the results
show that the extreme map can predict precipitation for ungauged regions with acceptable accuracy. Results indicate there have been no significant changes in maximum daily precipitation events over the past four decades,
a finding that is valuable for the safe integrity planning of major hydraulic projects and the management and
planning of water resources in the upper Yangtze River basin.
43
Modeling Impacts of Climate Change on Hydrologic Processes in Subsurface Drained Croplands Using
an Agricultural System Model
Zhiming Qi
Using a calibrated and validated agricultural system model, Root Zone Water Quality Model (RZWQM2), the potential effects of climate change and elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations (CO2) on evapotranspiration (ET),
tile drainage volume, and crop production were assessed integrally for a subsurface drained corn-soybean rotation
cropping system near Gilmore City, Iowa. Simulations were conducted with six different climate change scenarios
for the period of 2045 to 2064, with CO2 rising from 369 to 548 ppm. Averaged across the scenarios, actual ET
and potential ET increased from 44.2 cm to 45.0 cm and from 57.5 cm to 60.8 cm, respectively; tile drainage increased from 29.0 cm to 33.2 cm. Increased temperature and decreased relative humidity were found to enhance
ET, overcoming the decreasing impact on ET of elevated CO2. The impacts of changes in precipitation, short wave
radiation and wind speed on ET were small to negligible. Precipitation showed a strong positive correlation with
drainage flow. This simulation suggested an increasing trend in subsurface drainage which may lead to more nitrate pollution from tile drains.
CSCE2015-100 Presented in Session 5B: EXPERIMENTAL AND COMPUTATIONAL HYDRAULICS 2
Discharge Characteristics of Siphon Spillways
Amruthur Ramamurthy
This study deals with the discharge coefficient for siphon spillways based on the results of experimental methods
and numerical simulations. Siphon spillways are used as the outlet in reservoirs to control the incoming flood
flows. A scaled plexiglass model of a siphon was fabricated and tested in the laboratory flume to determine the
siphon discharge coefficient over a range of Reynolds numbers. The RNG k-ε model was used to obtain the discharge coefficient of the siphon. The existing experimental results and the present test data were used to validate
the model predictions. The agreement of the model with test data was reasonable. A properly validated model
permits the evaluation of the siphon discharge coefficient for different flow configurations encountered in the
field, without recourse to expensive experimental procedures.
Nonlinear PLS Method for Side Weir Flows
Amruthur Ramamurthy
Side weirs are flow-regulating devices commonly encountered in hydraulic engineering. In the past, the discharge
coefficient for flow past a side weir was investigated experimentally by many researchers. In this study, a modified
discharge coefficient Cd for side weirs in rectangular channels is defined. The multivariable non-linear partial
least square (PLS) method is used to determine the empirical equations relating Cd with the dimensionless weir
parameters F1, S/Y1 and L/D. Compared to the previous studies, the procedures to calculate the discharge of the
side weirs is simplified. The discharge predicted using the empirical equations based on the nonlinear PLS method
is in good agreement with the measured discharge. The nonlinear PLS method can also be applied to many other
hydraulic flow configurations characterized by a large number of variables.
Simulation of Flow past an Open Channel Floor Slot
Amruthur Ramamurthy
In the past, solutions to the problem of flow past a floor slot in a rectangular open channel used to divert flow
from one stream to another were obtained mainly on the basis of model tests or through the development of
simplified theoretical expressions. In the present study, the free-surface turbulence model is applied to obtain
the flow parameters such as pressure head distribution, velocity distribution, and water surface profile. The results
of simulation are validated using the experimental data. The predictions of the proposed numerical model are
validated using experimental data. For flow past an open-channel floor slot, a model that is properly validated
can be used to predict the flow characteristics under slightly differing boundary conditions for the flow configurations encountered in the field, without resorting to expensive experimental procedures.
44
V-shaped Multi-slit Weir Systems
Amruthur Ramamurthy
Weirs and notches are efficient devices for measuring flow rates. Banks of slit weirs forming multi-slit weirs allow
both precise discharge measurements in a very large range of flow rates and also permit a good flow regulation.
V-shaped weirs are traditionally used as precise laboratory flow measuring devices, especially in the low discharge
ranges. In the study investigation, the method of images was used to form the V-shaped multi-slit weir system to
allow measurement and regulation of flows in a large range of flows that includes very low flow rates. Experimental studies were conducted to determine the discharge coefficients of V-shaped multi-slit weirs over a wide
range of weir Reynolds numbers. The study provided a single relation between the weir discharge coefficient
and the weir Reynolds number for both the rectangular and V-shaped multi-slit weir systems.
CSCE2015-105 Presented in Session 1D: TURBULENT MIXING AND ENTRAINMENT
Measuring Reynolds Stresses in the Flow Field of Hydroclones
Mustafa Al Kayed
To measure velocity components using the laser Doppler anemometry (LDA) in a cylindrical surface, as in a hydrocyclone, traditionally, one encloses the top circular tube of the hydrocyclone with a flat surface box to minimize
the refraction effects of laser beams caused by the curved solid walls. In this brief study, an alternative procedure
is suggested to reorient the laser beams to measure the mean and fluctuation velocity components. Adopting
the beam orientation suggested at a single point in the flow field the axial and circumferential mean velocity
components, along with the corresponding turbulent normal and shear stress components can be determined.
Test results confirm that the proposed method is valid to get data related to the mean velocities and the Reynolds
stresses at a single point in the flow field of a hydrocyclone. The suggested procedure with slight modifications
can be applied to measure velocities in the flow field formed by other circular surfaces, such as cones.
CSCE2015-106 Presented in Session 5C: DAM BREACH AND LANDSLIDE
Flow around Open Channel 90° Bends with Vanes
Amruthur Ramamurthy
Sharp open channel bends are commonly encountered in hydraulic engineering design. Disturbances such as secondary flows and flow separation caused by the bend may persist for considerable distances in the downstream
channel. A simple way of reducing these disturbances is through the insertion of vertical vanes in the bend section.
A Laser Doppler Anemometry (LDA) unit was used to measure the three-dimensional mean and turbulent velocity
components of flow in an experimental rectangular open channel bend. Flow characteristics of the bend with no
vane are compared with those of bends having 1 or 3 vertical vanes. The size of the flow separation zone at the
inner wall of the bend was determined from dye visualization data and confirmed using the mean streamwise
velocity data. Results show that the vertical vanes are effective in considerably reducing flow separation in the
downstream channel. Furthermore, energy loss for bends with vanes is slightly less than for the no-vane case.
Experimental Study of Wake Characteristics of Shallow Flow past Tandem Cylinders
Mehdi Heidari
Flow past multiple cylinders is a simple conceptual flow model that has potential applications used in engineering.
Although flow passing a single circular cylinder has been widely addressed in literature, many interesting fluid
phenomena occur when multiple cylinders are placed in a certain spatial orientation and the grouping effect of
bodies is a relatively less explored subject in fluidstructure interactions. Studying the velocity field, turbulence
parameters, shear layer and wake development have not received much attention, especially in shallow open
channel flow. In this paper, the shallow open channel flow past two and three cylinders arranged in tandem configuration with different gap distances is experimentally investigated using particle image velocimetry (PIV). The
wake region shaped by tandem cylinders in the shallow flow is studied in the horizontal field-of-view at middepth at low Reynolds number. The shallow flow effect in the near-wake region is studied in the form of velocity
and turbulence profiles. Also effect of the gap between the cylinders on near-wake region is investigated.
45
CSCE2015-109 Presented in: Session 3D: FLOOD HYDRAULICS AND HYDROLOGY
2D High Resolution River Flood Simulations in Urban Environment: Global Sensitivity Analysis for
Spatial Ranking of Uncertain Parameters
Morgan Abily
High resolution (infra-metric) topographic data, such as LiDAR data and photogrammetric born 3D classified data,
are becoming commonly available at large range of spatial extent, such as municipality or industrial site scale.
This category of dataset is promising for high resolution (HR) Digital Elevation Model (DEM) generation, allowing
description of fine above-ground structures which might influence overland flow hydrodynamic. Even though
HR classified data are highly horizontally and vertically accurate (in a range of few centimeters), this data set is
assorted of errors and uncertainties. Moreover, in order to optimize design and computation time of 2D Shallow
Water Equations (SWE) based models, hydraulic modellers make choices regarding procedure for this type of
dataset use. This study investigates on uncertainties related to HR topographic data use for 2D HR flood modelling.
A Global Sensitivity Analysis (GSA) approach, allowing estimation of inputs parameter variance contribution to
the model output variance is applied to a 2D SWE based river flood model. Two categories of uncertain parameters
are considered: the first category is inherent to HR topographic data measurement errors and the second category
is related to operator choices for this type of data insertion in 2D hydraulic codes. The study has been performed
over the lower part of the Var river valley (Nice, France) using the estimated hydrograph of 1994 flood event. HR
topographic data has been made available for the study area (17.5 km²), by Nice municipality. Three uncertain
parameters were studied: the measurement error (var. E), the level of details of above-ground element representation in DEM (buildings, sidewalks, etc.) (var. S), and the spatial discretization resolution (grid cell size for regular
mesh) (var. R). Combining these parameters, a database of 1,500 simulations was built using 400,000 CPU hours
on a HPC. A random sampling on the produced result database has allowed to perform an uncertainty propagation through Monte-Carlo approach. GSA has allowed the production of Sobol index maps over the area of interest, enhancing the relative weight of each uncertain parameter on the variability of calculated overland flow.
Results stress out and quantify the importance and spatial variation of uncertainty introduced by modeller choices
(var.S and var.R).
CSCE2015-110 Presented in Session 2D: LAKE HYDRAULICS
Brackish Pit Lakes Approaching Fall Turnover
Davood Hasanloo
This study investigates the buoyancy fluxes and wind-driven turbulence in the hours leading up to fall turnover.
In fresh water lakes, the stability, namely the work required to mix the entire water body to a uniform density, is
dominated by temperature. As the surface of fresh water lakes cool in fall, their stability decreases, and fall
turnover occurs when wind driven circulation is sufficient to overcome this stability. However, the water in mine
pit lakes is often brackish, with a salinity of order of 1 kgm-3. In brackish lakes, vertical gradients in salinity can
increase the stability and resist turnover. The contribution of salinity gradients to stability is affected by ice-melt,
precipitation, runoff and evaporation. We examined scenarios with differing initial salinity stratification and differing ratios of runoff to evaporation to determine the conditions under which turnover is suppressed. Data from
the Colomac Zone 2 pit lake, which is not subject to turnover, provides a framework for the investigation, and
the model CE-QUAL-W2 is used to investigate conditions under which Zone 2 pit, or other pit lakes with similar
intermediate salinity, might resist turnover in fall.
Shear Instability in High-Speed Shallow Flows
Shooka Karimpour
The supercritical instability of high-speed shear flow in shallow waters is distinctly different from the subcritical
instability for the discontinuity at the returning surfaces where the current speed is equal to the gravity-wave
speed. Entrapment of wave energy between the returning surfaces and the occasional leakage of the energy are
the processes in the supercritical instability that is not describable by the classical method that analyses the instability as an eigenvalue problem. In this paper, a fifth-order WENO spatial interpolation scheme is employed to
capture the discontinuity in the direct numerical simulation based on the shallow-water equations. The time integration is accurate to the fourth order by the Runge-Kutta method. Calculations for supercritical instability
have been carried out using progressively refined grid of 64, 128 and 256 cells per wave length in the longitudinal
direction of the base flow to achieve the convergence of the numerical simulation to the true solution. The orders
of the convergence are 4.78 and 3.79 for the supercritical flow with the convective Froude number of 1.2 and
1.4, respectively.
46
Mixing in Shallow Waters in High Froude Number
Shooka Karimpour
The mixing of mass and momentum across the shear flow by the turbulence and waves is examined by direct numerical simulations using the shallow-water equations. The simulation starts with a small perturbation to an unstable shear flow. The development of the shear flow is examined as the shear flow is in transition to the turbulent
motion. During the transition the energy level, flow pattern and the disturbance kinetic energy change rapidly.
Shear layer growth rate reduces as flow discontinuities in the form of shock waves begin to occur in supercritical
flow of high convective Froude numbers. To capture the flow discontinuities in the numerical simulations, the
spatial interpolation over a staggered grid is performed by a fifth-order WENO scheme. A fourth-order RungeKutta method advances the calculations in time. Results are consistent with the analogous correlation of flow
structure to the convective Mach number in gas dynamics. The orders of convergence are 3.09 and 3.39 for the
simulation in the transcritical and supercritical flows of convective Froude numbers of 0.8 and 1.4, respectively.
Experimental and Numerical Study of Thermal Buoyant Wall Jet in Calm Ambient Water
Hassan Alfaifi
The goal of this paper is to study some of mixing zone characteristics for the effluent of the industrial outfalls
(e.g. desalination plants) on the near-field flow. Experimental and numerical studies of thermal buoyant wall jet
discharged from submerged outfall into calm ambient water have been conducted. Two different low densimetric
Froude numbers (Fd) (10 and 15) are used in both experimental and numerical modelling. Two different Reynoldsaveraged Navier-Stokes (RANS) turbulence models; Realizable k-ε and Launder-Reece-Rodi (LRR) are applied in
this study. The comparison between laboratory and numerical results for cling length and jet trajectory as well as
with existing experimental and numerical date are presented. In general, a good agreement is observed between
the numerical and experimental cases examined here, for both Froude numbers.
Echosoundings in Base Mine Lake
Edmund Tedford
The Base Mine Lake (BML) program is the first commercial-scale demonstration of Water-Capped technology in
the oil sands industry.
The lake is located in the mined-out West In-Pit of the Syncrude Mildred Lake Operation. A pit was filled over a
period of 17 years, and consists of a base of FFT (silt, clay, process-affected water and residual bitumen), capped
with a combination of oil sands process-affected water (OPSW) and fresh water. Infrastructure has been installed
to facilitate import and export of water during the summer as an analogue for natural flows in the future.
Echosoundings are emerging as a critical technology in the study of aquatic systems. Preliminary data collected
in the lake suggest echosoundings can be used to track gas bubbles and suspended solids and may provide novel
information on poorly understood under-ice dynamics. The bubbles rising from the underlying FFT are of particular interest as they potentially represent a large component of gas flux. The bubbles are ubiquitous in the lake
and, in addition to driving gas flux, may contribute to the vertical transport of heat and solids. We will present
preliminary echosoundings and complimentary water temperature profiles from Base Mine Lake.
CSCE2015-118 Presented in Session 4D: DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS
Use of Groundwater Table Variation to Optimize the Design of Shallow and Deep Monitoring Well
Networks
James Leach
This study investigates the use of seasonal variation in groundwater level for optimizing the design of monitoring
well networks using Dual Entropy-Multiobjective Optimization (DEMO). The DEMO model has been demonstrated
to be sufficiently robust for designing optimum hydrometric networks. The study was conducted using the Ontario
Provincial Groundwater Monitoring Network wells in the Hamilton, Halton, and Credit Valley (Mississauga) regions
of Ontario. The entropy functions in DEMO are used to identify the optimal trade-offs between the maximum
possible information content in the data, and the minimum shared information between each of the existing
and potential monitoring wells. Since the groundwater table varies by season, an additional design objective was
used in DEMO to help capture and use the information associated with that seasonality. This design objective
was used here to quantify the hydrological characteristics of the aquifers as well as the seasonal variability of the
water level and thus provide more information for the network optimization. The importance of determining
the applicability of using groundwater table variation as a design objective is driven by the needs of the end
users of the wells. Shallow wells are generally used for irrigation purposes and deep wells for municipal water
supply. Preliminary results show that including groundwater table variation as a design objective significantly increases the number of optimal networks and provides additional information for potential locations of new wells.
These results also suggest that the shallow well network is more sensitive to the water table variations than the
deep well network; however, overall it is worth it to include the additional objective in both cases.
47
Undular Waves in Subcritical Flow over an Obstacle
Gregory Lawrence
Supercritical, but not strongly supercritical, open channel flow along a flat bed transitions to subcritical flow via
the classic undular jump. Undular jumps will not occur if the flow is subcritical everywhere. However, if an underwater sill is placed into a subcritical flow, undular waves can appear downstream, even if the flow is subcritical
everywhere. This paper investigates the physics behind the formation of the undular waves. Experiments to investigate how their wavelength and amplitude vary downstream as a function of Froude number were performed
in a 6 m long, 15 cm wide open channel flume. The results of analytical and numerical models of the flow are
compared. The wavelength of the undular waves is modeled accurately, but modeling the variation in amplitude
still presents challenges. The analogy between this flow and Hawking radiation, the mechanism by which energy
is thought to escape from black holes, will be discussed briefly.
Effects of Spectral Variation in the Attenuation Co-Efficient on the Heating of Lakes
Yasmin Nassar
We describe a situation - in clear lakes - where accounting for the wavelength dependence of the light attenuation
coefficient results in the deeper penetration of light and, consequently, changes in the rate of heating at a given
depth. In limnological models, ultra-violet (UV) and infra-red radiation (IR) are typically assumed to be absorbed
at the surface, while photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) is distributed throughout the water column assuming a constant attenuation coefficient. This approach appears to have underestimated hypolimnetic warming in
several studies. We hypothesize that these underestimates are due to UV penetrating into the hypolimnion, and/or
the fact that the attenuation coefficient can vary dramatically within the PAR domain. We use data from three
lakes of varying clarity (Crater Lake, Pavilion Lake and Lake Superior) to evaluate the importance of accounting
for the spectral variation in attenuation coefficient. We start by comparing the subsurface distribution of irradiance modeled using a spectrally varying attenuation coefficient with that modeled using a constant attenuation
coefficient. We then compare the rates of subsurface heating predicted by both approaches with field measurements from Pavilion Lake.
Under-Ice Circulation in Lakes Driven by Salt Exclusion
Gregory Lawrence
In lakes of low salinity, the importance of salt exclusion during ice formation is the subject of debate given the
influence of other processes (e.g., groundwater intrusions, sediment heat flux, and solar radiation through the
ice cover). Field observations in an Arctic lake showed that excluded salts redistributed throughout the water column and that the lake did not turnover, despite the presence of episodic isothermal layers over discrete depths.
These observations motivated us to conduct laboratory experiments at different salinities (S = 0 to 8 g/L) to examine the circulation and redistribution of excluded salts below the ice. Our distilled water experiments replicated
the typical dimictic behavior expected for pure fresh water lakes, while all saline experiments showed evidence
of local mixing beneath the ice, especially at the onset of ice formation when the excluded flux of salt is highest.
For our S = 8 gL-1, convection throughout the water column was regularly observed throughout the ice production
period. In the less saline experiments, the water column remained reverse temperature-stratified throughout
the ice production period despite evidence of local mixing. The temperature time-series and vertical sampling of
salt after ice-off also showed the presence of a stabilizing salt gradient at depth.
CSCE2015-124 Presented in Session 5D: GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE DESIGN AND LAND USE CHANGES
Tidal-In-Stream Power Resource Potential
Gregory Lawrence
The extraction of kinetic energy from tidal flows has been heralded as a significant potential source of renewable
power. We show theoretically that many resource assessments are optimistic and that physical, economic and
regulatory constraints will likely limit tidal power generation to more modest levels than have been assumed. A
large laboratory experiment was built to validate our analytical model. Simulating the boundary conditions associated with tidal flows involved numerous, novel motion control systems. The results of the physical model compare well with the analytical model.
48
CSCE2015-126 Presented in Session 6C: SEDIMENT AND TRANSPORT MODELING
Experimental and Numerical Modeling of Erosion and Sedimentation in Navigation Channel
Wanquig Chi
Navigation channels are often in need of frequent dredging. In order to understand the flux and mechanisms of
sediment erosion and deposition in navigation channels, laboratory experiments were conducted in a large tilting
flume using bottom trenches in sediment bed under different flow and sediment conditions. The geometry of
these bottom trenches were varied in the experiments. The sediment transportation flux data were measured
under three sediment grain sizes, different angle of the sediment slope and different approaching flow velocities.
Water velocity profiles were measured using acoustic Doppler velocimetry, and the evolution of the bottom sediment profiles were recorded using a laser sheet and a high-speed video camera. The relationships of the sediment
flux with the approaching velocity, the geometry of the bottom trench, and the grain size of sediment were studied. These results were then used to construct a numerical model using ANSYS Fluent to simulate the erosion and
sedimentation processes in the bottom trench. The calibrated numerical model is then applied to study the change
of topography of Zhuangjiabu navigation channel in Shandong, China. Field sedimentation measurements of 41
sites were used and the model was verified by the observation data of 2009 with a general good agreement. The
numerical model was then used to study the change of the tidal currents and the seabed deformation.
Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Saline Discharges in Stationary Ambient
Saeideh Kheradmand
Submerged discharge of dense jets (higher in density than the ambient water), which has been known as the
most common engineering practice, is associated with many environmental issues. Mixing characteristics of the
jet and the ambient water (especially in near field), maximum rise height and associated dilution, and the location
of the impact point are some of the main concerns. A numerical and experimental study has been performed in
order to investigate the hydraulic behaviour of the inclined round dense jet (negatively buoyant jet) for discharge
angles θ=30° and 45° with various densities. The experiments were performed in a rectangular 1.8 m long basin
(0.62 m3 volume) with a single round port. In the numerical simulation, a Linear Eddy Viscosity turbulence model
(realizable k-ε) and a Reynolds Stress turbulence model (LRR), have been applied using a finite volume model
(OpenFOAM). Jet characteristics such as maximum jet rise height, jet dilution at maximum rise, and the location
and dilution at the impact point were studied while various densimetric Froude numbers were considered. Results
from the numerical simulation showed a good agreement with those of the experimental study; however, along
the jet trajectory, some overestimations and underestimations were observed. A qualitative comparison between
the numerical and experimental study is presented in this paper.
CSCE2015-129 Presented in Session 1B: ADAPTIVE WATER MANAGEMENT IN A CHANGING CLIMATE
Dynamic River Modelling for Flood Risk Management
Shohan Ahmad
The dynamic modelling approaches presented in this paper for analysis of risk in water resources management
has the potential to enhance the modelling capabilities in numerous application areas, where the main interest
is the interaction between time and space in understanding uncertainty and its consequences. The two major
sources of uncertainty in water resources management are spatial variability and temporal variability. Spatial variability occurs when values fluctuate upon location of an area and temporal variability occurs when values fluctuate
with time. To understand risk dynamics, patterns in time and location in space need to be examined together.
Therefore, to better understand dynamic characteristics of flood risk, two modelling framework is presented in
this paper that not only captures the dynamic processes in time and location in space but also integrates different
modelling tools required for solving complex flood risk management problems. Hydrodynamic and system dynamics modelling is presented in this paper as two powerful tools for modelling the interaction between time
and space. The first modeling framework presents system dynamics simulation coupled with 3-D fuzzy set theory.
Whereas the second modeling framework presents hydrodynamic modeling coupled with 3-D fuzzy set theory.
This integrated modelling framework can enhance our ability to understand complex flood management
processes, and can also assist in generating adequate information/scenarios in order to help decision-making. Presented methodology is illustrated using the Red River flood of 1997 (Manitoba, Canada) as a case study.
49
CSCE2015-130 Presented in Session 2A: HYDROLOGIC EXTREMES AND CLIMATE CHANGE 2
Future Flooding Increase: Prediction and Probable Cause. A Case Study at Vietnam Central Coastal
Area
Ngoc Duong Vo
As shown in World Bank studies, with more than 70% of the population working in agriculture, inhabitants mainly
concentrate at the coastal plain, Vietnam is one of the countries that are most heavily affected by the consequences of climate change. Especially, the impact of climate change is expected to be more serious at Vietnam
central. Which will be main factor of scale variability of inundation area in future, sea level or inflow rising? In
order to answer the question, a flood map is established for this region. This flood map is constructed on the
combination between a hydrological model (MIKESHE) and hydraulic model (MIKEFLOOD). MIKESHE model which
is calibrated and validated in twenty years with the Nash Sutcliffe and correlation coefficients could reach to 0.82
and 0.92, respectively, is used to project the change of river flow in the end of 21st century. The enlargement of
flood plain due to the increase of flood flow and sea level is estimated via MIKEFLOOD model, which is calibrated
and validated on typical actual flood event with the statistical index reach to 0.92 as R and 0.83 as E. The comparison is expected to determine the primary perpetrator caused the change of flooded area in last years of this century for Vu Gia Thu Bon catchment, Viet Nam’s coastal area as well. The variable scale of inundation area allows
an operational approach for integrating between the climate change and the engineering design activities dedicated to flood protection measures and resilience strategies.
CSCE2015-132 Presented in Session 5A: STRATEGIES FOR EFFICIENT WATER RESOURCES PLANNING
Role of Plantain Peel Biochar in Enhancing Safe Use of Untreated Wastewater
Christopher Nzediegwu
There has been a rise in global water consumption in the past 100 years due to increase in human population, urbanization, economic growth, improved standard of living and industrialization. In many parts of the world,
wastewater is generated in a sustainable manner from industries and homes, but it is not used efficiently. The
use of wastewater in the agricultural sector—a major driver in water usage, is being advocated in many developing countries. However, there are myriad issues related to its usage which may pose serious problems directly or
indirectly to the global environment. Biochar, the carbon-rich product obtained from the pyrolysis of plant based
materials, has shown some agronomical and environmental benefits. These benefits derived from the use of
biochar, depend largely on the type of feedstock used. Thus, this preliminary study was conducted to ascertain if
plantain peel biochar (PPB) will serve as a low cost sorbent for the removal of heavy metals (Cd, Cr and Pb) in untreated or partially treated wastewater. Batch sorption and desorption test was conducted using three different
cocktails of Cd, Cr and Pb. Cd and Pb showed very high sorption efficiency of 98.8% and 94.6%, respectively. The
desorption test also revealed that the PPB is holding the heavy metals tightly. Therefore, it is evident that PPB is
a potential low cost sorbing material for removing heavy metals in untreated or partially treated wastewater.
The outcome of this test will help in the development of cheap PPB filter materials that will encourage the safe
use of wastewater especially in developing countries.
CSCE2015-133 Presented in Session 5A: STRATEGIES FOR EFFICIENT WATER RESOURCES PLANNING
Use of Super Absorbent Polymers (Hydrogels) To Promote Safe Use of Wastewater in Agriculture
Jaskaran Dhiman
Water resource plays a pivotal role in the development of human civilization and will continue to do so in the future. There has been an increase in demand of freshwater due to increase in human population. The global human
population is projected to reach 9.6 billion by the year 2050 and this would also lead to further increase in freshwater demand for various activities like urbanization, industrialization and agriculture. Thus, there is a need to
increase our water use efficiency to meet this increasing demand. Researchers are looking at wastewaters from
urban and industrial settings as a potential source for use in agriculture. However, wastewater is known to be a
source of contaminants such as heavy metals, sex hormones and antibiotics which can be harmful to the environment as well as human health. Use of super absorbent polymers (SAP) is an established water conservation technique in agriculture and is widely used in different parts of the world. For our study, it is hypothesized that the
use of SAP and SAP-biochar mixture would ensure safe use of wastewater in agriculture. Preliminary experiments
aiming at quantifying SAP’s ability to absorb contaminants present in wastewater, viz. female sex hormones (estrone and estradiol), antibiotics (oxytetracycline) and heavy metals (Cd, Cr and Pb) are ongoing in our laboratory.
Our results showed that SAP was able to absorb hormones and heavy metals from prepared solutions. SAP was
able to reduce concentration of hormones E1 (estrone) and E2 (estradiol) from 5 mg/L prepared solution by 14.1%
and 8.8% respectively, whereas for heavy metals, SAP was able to reduce Cd concentration by 76.0% and 76.2%
for the Cd and Pb mix ‘cocktail’ and individual Cd solutions respectively. The outcome of this study would help in
development of methodology involving SAP use along with biochar to ensure safe wastewater use in agriculture.
50
Potential Mixing Mechanisms in End Pit Lakes
Gregory Lawrence
The extraction of crude from the Canadian oil sands has produced large quantities of fluid fine tailings (FFT) and
oil sands process-affected water (OPSW). A remediation strategy is to create “end pit-lakes” by backfilling mine
pits with FFT and capping them with a mix of OPSW and fresh water. A primary concern is the potential for
mixing between the water cap and the FFT. There are many potential mixing mechanisms, including: shear at
the mudline due surface wind-wave action and internal wave seiching; inflows and outflows; penetrative convection due to surface cooling and evaporation; convection due to salt-water exclusion during ice formation; gas
bubbles emerging from the FFT; and double-diffusion at the mudline.
Mixing between the two layers is inhibited by a density step of order 200 kg/m3 across the “mudline”, and by the
viscosity of the FFT. Given that thermoclines in natural lakes with a density step of order 1 kg/m3 are resilient to
many of the above listed processes throughout the summer, it is conceivable that these mechanisms are not directly responsible for the mixing of FFT into the water cap.
In the absence of any mixing the pore water released as the FFT dewaters would likely form an intermediate layer
between the FFT and the water cap with a density of 1 – 10 kg/m3 more than the overlying water. Many of the
mechanisms listed above are likely to be able to mix the intermediate layer into the water cap. This conceptual
model of pit-lake behavior is tested using data from Syncrude’s Base Mine Lake, the first commercial-scale end
pit lake.
CSCE2015-141 Presented in Session 6D: FLUVIAL HYDRAULICS 2
Design and Hydrodynamic Modeling of Walleye (Sander Vitreus) Habitat Improvements in the Nipigon
River
Joshua Wiebe
The Nipigon River is the largest tributary to Lake Superior and is renowned for its sport fisheries. Over the last
century, the populations of many fish species declined due to a variety of factors including: overfishing, habitat
degradation, dam construction, flow regulation and ramping, logging, and industrial and municipal pollution.
Walleye were once the most abundant fish species in the river, but suffered severe declines in the 1960s due to
pollution from a local pulp mill and overfishing. The loss of the walleye fishery and other environmental degradation led to the listing of Nipigon Bay as an Area of Concern under the 1987 Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement. Efforts were made to rehabilitate the walleye population by improving the quality of industrial and
municipal effluents, stocking fish, and restoring habitat. In this study, we evaluated a number of design alternatives to create new walleye spawning habitat and to improve access between spawning and nursery habitat. The
alternatives were evaluated using a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model of the Nipigon River. A particle tracking
model was also used to assess the effectiveness of the design in transporting walleye fry from the spawning
grounds to the nursery habitat. The study demonstrates the use of modeling tools to develop and evaluate design
alternatives. The project was constructed in August 2014.
Measurement of Scour Profiles around Bridge Piers in Channel Flow with and without Ice-Cover
Peng Wu
The present study was carried out to investigate the impact of ice-cover on the scour geometry around bridge
piers. The scour around piers of four different diameters was evaluated at three different flow depths with and
without ice cover. This resulted in a test matrix consisting of 24 experiments. The results revealed that the extent
of scour in the presence of ice-cover was greater than without ice-cover in both the streamwise and transverse
directions. The presence of the ice-cover also resulted in the increase of the maximum scour depth. As the flow
depth increased, the dimensionless maximum scour depth increased initially and then tends to decrease. The dimensionless maximum scour depth was found to be inversely proportional to the ratio between flow depth and
pier diameter.
CSCE2015-215 Presented in Session 6B: SUSTAINABLE WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
Application of Cavitation Water Jet on Pipeline Cleaning in Oilfield
Hongyi Sun
The cavitation water jet technology was introduced to clean pipeline scaling in oil fields. The advantages of the
technique was also discussed in the present study. By using a commercial software FLUENT, the flow field of cavitation water jet was simulated numerically. The velocity and pressure field was analyzed and compared. Furthermore, the optimization design of cleaning device was also discussed here. Through validation with experimental
data, it was found that the water jet technology can be broadly used to clean pipeline scaling in oil fields.
51
CSCE2015-220 Presented in Session 3C: FLUVIAL HYDRAULICS 1
3D Numerical Simulation of Turbulent Flow and Pollutant Transport in Meandering Channels
Van Thinh Nguyen
In this study, a three-dimensional numerical simulation of the turbulent flow and pollutant transport in various
meandering channels is carried out by a new specific solver, which is developed and coupled into an open source
CFD tool box, the OpenFOAM package. The new solver has been validated against typical benchmarking experiments, such as Rosovskii’s and Chang’s experiments. The comparisons between the simulations and observations
show a good agreement on the flow patterns and pollutant transports.
CSCE2015-242 Presented in Session 3B: HYDROINFORMATICS TOOLS
Design of Riprap by Optimization of Neural Network Input Using a Spread Sheet
Abdelhamid El Tahan
Artificial neural networks (ANN) have been used in many water research applications To ably ANN many commercial
software are available which can help designing the structure and train the network with different algorithms appropriate for the selected application. Commercial ANN software doesn't allow users to select different activation
functions for each neuron at the same layer or optimize any of the input parameters for design purpose.
In this research, Neural Network is hosted by a spread sheet that designed the structure of the desired Neural
Network. The spread sheet model simulates the architecture and process of artificial neural network in a transparent environment. The ANN spread sheet was trained to predict abutment scour. The structure of ANN consists
of two layers: input and output layers with five neurons in the input layer and one neuron in the output layer.
Using a spread sheet allow for viewing the weights and bias for each neuron, selecting different activation functions for each neuron and backward optimization of any of the input parameters.
To enhance the performance of ANN different activation functions were selected for each neuron. Evolver addin that uses genetic algorithm optimized the value of each weight, bias and the type of the activation function
of each neuron. As a result six ANN were created that gives an accepted root mean square error (R.M.S.E.) and
succeeded in prediction of abutment scour. The data for abutment scour for non- uniform sediment mixtures was
collected from the Federal Highway Administration published report Input optimization for the bed diameter
(D50) were performed it only succeeded for one of the six NN which is (NN1). The result of input optimization
was compared with riprap design equations for vertical wall abutment and a new equation for riprap design for
abutment was developed using regression analysis of neural network input optimization values.
CSCE2015-1A1 Presented in Session 1A: HYDROLOGIC EXTREMES AND CLIMATE CHANGE 1
An Integrated Extreme Rainfall Modeling Tool for Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation in Urban
Areas
Myeong-Ho Yeo
This paper proposes an integrated extreme rainfall modeling tool for constructing the Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) relations at a local site in the context of climate change. More specifically, the proposed approach is
based on combination of a spatial downscaling method to link large-scale climate variables given by General Circulation Models (GCMs) with observed daily extreme precipitations at a site using the statistical downscaling
method (SDRain), and a temporal downscaling method to describe the relationships between daily and sub-daily
extreme precipitation using the scale-invariance General Extreme Value distribution (SDExtreme). The feasibility
and accuracy of the suggested method were assessed using rainfall data available from Quebec (Canada) and
South Korea for the 1961-2000 period and climate simulations under four different climate change scenarios provided by the Canadian (CGCM3) and the UK (HadCM3) GCM models. Results of this application using data from
two completely different climatic regions have indicated that it is feasible to link sub-daily extreme rainfalls a
local site with GCM-based daily climate predictors for establishing IDF relations for the present (1961-1990) and
future periods (2020s, 2050s, and 2080s) under different climate change scenarios. The proposed integrated extreme rainfall modeling approach provided therefore an essential tool for estimating extreme rainfalls for climate-related impact assessment studies for a given area.
52
CSCE2015-2B1 Presented in Session 2B: SOME EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES IN HYDROLOGIC MODELING
Ensemble Modeling of Hydrologic Processes at One Shot: Modeling Stochastic Kinematic Wave Open
Channel Flow by the Stochastic Method of Characteristics
Ali Ecran
The “master key” equation developed by Kavvas 2003 (J. Hydrol. Eng. 8(2):44–53) and the characteristic equations
of kinematic wave open channel flow problem were utilized to develop a corresponding mixed LagrangianEulerian Fokker Planck Equation (LEFPE) of the kinematic wave open channel flow process in order to model the
uncertainties in the channel properties and lateral flow conditions. The obtained LEFPE describes the evolution
of the probability density function of the state variables of the kinematic open channel flow process in time and
space. Details of the material in this presentation were published in J. Hydrol. Eng. 17(1):168–181 and J. Hydrol.
Eng. 17(3): 414–423.
Climate Change Projection of Snow Cover over Three Mountainous Watersheds in Northern California
Chen Jiongfeng
In the study, we present the climate change projection of snow cover over the Upper Feather River Watershed
(UFRW), the Yuba River Watershed (YRW), and the American River Watershed (ARW), which are located in the
high elevation area of Northern California and play a key role in water supply for downstream populated regions.
For these three snow-dominated mountainous watersheds, the 13 future projections of atmospheric conditions
provided by general circulation models (GCM), including the Fifth-Generation European Centre Hamburg Model
(ECHAM5) and the Third-Generation Community Climate System Model (CCSM3), are used as boundary conditions
and are dynamically downscaled to 9 km resolution for a continuous 100 years simulation (2000-2099) by the
Fifth-Generation PSU/NCAR mesoscale model (MM5). The physically based WEHY snow module, which is driven
by the downscaled future climate projections, is used to simulate the snow cover changes in the three watersheds
at hourly increments and with spatial resolution of 100 meters.
Numerical Atmospheric Hydrological Modeling Based Probable Maximum Precipitation Estimation
K. Ishida
A 72-hour basin-averaged precipitation over three watersheds in Northern California is maximized using numerical
simulations with a regional atmospheric model. Severe storm events in Northern California are mostly caused by
an atmospheric river (AR) which is a high-moisture atmospheric flow coming from the Pacific Ocean. Since the
path of an AR affects the amount of precipitation over the target watersheds, the contribution of an AR to precipitation over each of the target watersheds is maximized by spatially shifting the atmospheric boundary conditions (ABC) for the regional atmospheric model. Then, this methodology is applied to the 61 severest storm events
over each of the target watersheds from the water year 1951 to 2011. The results show that historical storm
events had the capability to cause heavier precipitation over the target watersheds, and the presented methodology is effective for the maximum precipitation estimation.
Scaling Methods for the Saturated Groundwater Equations
James Polsinelli
Complex flows in heterogeneous confined and unconfined aquifers is a phenomenon that continues to present
difficulties in flow mapping and modeling in the field, laboratory, and through numerical simulations. It is often
the case with complicated phenomena that transformative scaling and reduction of the problem through symmetry is of great efficacy in the formation of predictive models in both the laboratory and computational settings.
A broad class of scaling transformations for the confined and unconfined groundwater equations is presented
based on the highly developed mathematical theory on the Lie group of symmetry transformations. The invariance
properties of the groundwater equations under the set of scaling transformations is discussed and compared to
other known scaling techniques. The utility of the Lie group scaling is presented through the results of a number
of numerical simulations conducted through the USGS simulation software MODFLOW.
53
Sediment transport scaling and self-similarity: application to the one-dimensional non-equilibrium
suspended sediment transport process
Kara Carr
Conditions for self-similarity of non-equilibrium suspended sediment transport can be identified by applying the
one-parameter Lie group of point scaling transformations to the governing equation and the initial and boundary
conditions. It is shown that the initial boundary value problem of unsteady one-dimensional suspended sediment
transport can be self-similar through numerical simulations of prototype and scaled domains. Scaled values of
variables at specified temporal and spatial locations can be up-scaled to their corresponding values in the prototype domain with accuracy. Conditions of self-similarity are found for the general scaling case in which all variables
are subject to scaling, and for un-scaled sediment properties. Preserving sediment properties such as grain size
and density increases accuracy and applicability of physical scaled models of sediment transport.
Numerical Atmospheric Hydrologic Modeling-Based Flood Frequency Analysis for Cache Creek Watershed
Toan Trinh
Effects of climate change on hydrologic flow regimes, particularly extreme events, necessitate modeling of future
flows to best inform water resources management. In this study, the future flows were simulated using global
climate models (GCMs) and regional atmospheric models in tandem with watershed models. This research effort
ran 13 simulations for possible future carbon emission scenarios (taken from the IPCC SRES A1FI, A1B, A2 and B1
families) over the 21st century (2010-2099) for the Cache Creek watershed in Northern California. The modeled
flow results comprise a dataset suitable for time series and frequency analysis allowing for more robust system
characterization. A comparison between frequency analysis results on two periods of future simulated flows
(2010-2054, 2055-2099) and historical flow data suggests that the annual maximum flows significantly increase
in the future. This comparison found that the 100 year flood increased 5% from 1903-2012 period to 2010-2054
period, and 28% from 2010-2054 period to 2055-2099 period.
CSCE2015-2C1 Presented in Session 2C: FLOODNET - A STRATEGIC RESEARCH NETWORK ON FLOODS IN CANADA
Overview of Floodnet
Paulin Coulibaly
FloodNet is a NSERC Strategic Network that aims to facilitate collaborative research work between universities,
federal/provincial agencies and private sector. It is the best approach to optimize resources and expertise to address the growing issue of floods in Canada. The main objective of FloodNet is to create a vehicle for a concerted
nation-wide effort to improve knowledge on flood processes and their impacts, and enhance flood forecasting
and management capacity in Canada. This is a particularly challenging task because of the large diversity of geographical and hydro-climatic conditions in Canada, but feasible through a structured research network
such as FloodNet that brings together scientists/experts, users/operational forecasters, and the private sector
to tackle the complex and fundamental research questions and the technological gaps that need to be addressed
in order to significantly enhance flood forecasting and management in Canada.
Flood Regimes in Canada: Learning from the Past and Preparing for the Future
Paulin Coulibaly
Floods are arguably the most common natural disaster with considerable social, economic and environmental
consequences. Damages from floods can include property loss, destruction of infrastructure, loss of life, social
and economic disruption from evacuations, and environmental degradation. There is evidence that the frequency,
magnitude and economic damages from floods are rising in recent years as a result of increased human exposure
to flood-prone areas as well as the impacts of climate change (Brooks et al. 2001). This component of the NSERC
Strategic Network, FloodNet, will explore ways to better estimate the probability of occurrence of extreme events
and improve our understanding of the spatial and temporal variability of extremes. Throughout this research,
the over-arching goal is to develop the information required to enhance the management of floods and extreme
events. The research program will advance our knowledge of flood regimes in Canada (past, present and projected
future) and provide guidelines for infrastructure design.
54
Development of New Methods for Updating IDF Curves in Canada
Van-Thanh-Van Nguyen
The majority of the world populations currently live in urban areas, and existing or new urban centres will continue to grow in size and economic importance. In particular, urban infrastructures (e.g., drainage and water supply systems) have been constructed at large scale across cities worldwide. These systems have reduced the
vulnerability of the cities in general, but at the same time could make them more vulnerable to climate extremes,
partly due to the lack of consideration to what might occur when the design criteria are exceeded. Next to this
increase in the vulnerability, there is now a broad scientific consensus that the global climate is changing in ways
that are likely to have a profound impact on the hydrologic cycle and the human society. Consequently, urban
water managers need to start accounting for these effects in the design and management of urban infrastructures
in order to minimize the risks of failures of these systems. Research on developing suitable approaches for limiting
climate change and adapting its impacts on the planning and design of urban infrastructure, especially urban
water utilities, is therefore highly critical. More specifically, many practical urban water issues related to climate
change are dependent on various aspects of climate simulations at a global (or regional) scale. While these climate
models have been recognized to be able to represent reasonably well the main features of the global (or regional)
distribution of some basic climate parameters, but they so far could not reproduce well details of climate conditions at scales of relevance to urban hydrological studies. This necessitates some form of downscaling of the climate simulation results from a coarse (30km-300km) spatial resolution down to much finer spatial grids, and even
virtually point values if changes in local urban processes are to be assessed. Therefore, the main objective of the
proposed research is to develop downscaling procedures for linking global (or regional) climate predictions to
urban hydrologic processes (such as extreme rainfall process) at appropriate high spatial and temporal resolutions
in order to be able to develop improved methods for planning and design of critical urban infrastructure.
Quantifying and Reducing Predictive Uncertainty of Floods
François Anctil
An ensemble forecasting system aims to assess and provide useful information on the uncertainty of hydrological
predictions by proposing, at each time step, an ensemble of forecasts from which one can estimate the probability
distribution of the predictand (the probabilistic forecast). This is in contrast with a single estimate of the flow for
which no probability distribution is provided (the deterministic forecast). Ensemble techniques are the main focus
of Theme 2 of the NSREC Canadian FloodNet and constitute an integral component of the flood forecasting
system developed in Theme 3. Since the early 1990s, many of the major meteorological agencies have issued both
deterministic and ensemble (probabilistic) forecasts. While promise exists, limitations have been identified within
operational meteorological ensemble prediction systems including lack of realistic spread in forecasts, limited
horizontal resolution, and simplistic representation of land and water surfaces, including lakes, coastal waters
and open oceans.
Evaluation of Flood Forecasting and Warning Systems in Canada
Peter Rasmussen
One of the primary goals of FloodNet, the newly established NSERC Strategic Network, is for Canadian university
researchers and provincial forecast centres to work together to develop improved models and procedures for
producing flood forecasts for Canadian rivers. In Canada, flood forecasts and flood warnings generally fall under
provincial jurisdiction. The human resources and technology invested in flood forecast centres differ from province
to province and typically depend on the frequency and severity of flood events in the province. Major flood events
often trigger a review of procedures and resource investments. For example, the 2011 flood on the Assiniboine
River prompted the Government of Manitoba to form the Manitoba 2011 Flood Review Task Force, an independent body established to examine details of the 2011 flood, including the preparedness of the provincial flood
forecast centre to deal with an extreme event never seen before (Manitoba 2011 Flood Review Task Force, 2013).
A similar review was undertaken in Alberta following the disastrous 2013 flood where a project entitled "Flood
Indicators: Improving Flood Forecasting in Alberta" was initiated. One of the outcomes of the project in Alberta
was a report that includes a review of flood forecasting in various jurisdictions in Canada as well as in other countries (Alberta WaterSMART, 2014). As part of FloodNet activities, we are undertaking a separate review of data,
models, and procedures used at the various Canadian floodforecasting centres. The review will serve as a basis
for some of the activities in the FloodNet research program. The review will aim to identify strengths and weaknesses of the different tools used by provincial forecast centres and to propose and explore areas of improvements,
which could include things such as efficient data base systems, improved hydrologic models, uncertainty analysis,
and effective communication of flood-related information to the public. The project is still in its early stage. The
talk will use findings from recent flood review reports and from our own preliminary survey of provincial flood
forecast centres to identify what we see as key issues in flood forecasting in Canada.
55
CSCE2015-2C6 Presented in Session 2C6: Floodnet - A Strategic Research Network on Floods in Canada
Risk Analysis of Physical, Socio-Economic, and Environmental Impacts of Floods Marguerite
A. Xenopoulos
Trent University
FloodNet is a transdisciplinary network recently funded by NSERC. One of the themes that will be explored in
FloodNet is related to social, environmental and economic impacts of flood events to provide a comprehensive
understanding of the consequences of flooding that can be incorporated into an enhanced approach to flood
management. In Canada, there have been many large flood events that have led to a variety of negative social,
economic and environmental impacts. However, flood events can also have beneficial impacts for some ecosystems
by maintaining the function and biodiversity of the ecosystem, recharging groundwater and delivering nutrients
to agriculture areas. Further research is needed to better understand all of the possible socio-economic and environmental impacts of flood events, including both positive as well as negative consequences arising from flooding. The major research projects that will be addressed in this theme include 1) the role of floods on aquatic
ecosystem condition and aquatic ecosystem services, 2) modelling-based integrated assessment of flood impacts
on urban and rural water resources systems, 3) flood risk analysis and its utility for management decisions, and,
4) assessing and planning for the socio-economic effects of floods. A range of statistical, hydrologic and watershed
modeling and economic and psychometric analyses will be used in this theme. The outcomes of this theme include
to 1) quantify links between flooding and aquatic ecosystem condition to facilitate the development of management and conservation plans; 2) produce a physical system modelling approach for assessing the integrated impacts of floods in rural, urban and semi-urban watersheds; 3) produce a systematic approach for developing risk
indicators with uncertainty estimate that water resources and disaster managers can use for decision making ; 4)
determine the costs and benefits of flooding and living in flood-prone areas; 5) develop a framework for generating holistic flood vulnerability indicators that account for socio-economic effects of floods. Each of these outcomes will be briefly discussed. It is expected that these results produce much needed information for overall
flood management plans.
CSCE2015-4A2 Presented in Session 4A: CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS AND ADAPTATION 2
Comparison of Multisite and Single-Site Temperature Downscaling Effects on Streamflow and Runoff
Simulation
Alireza Zareie
The issue of preserving spatial dependence among a set of weather stations has triggered the demand for downscaling of weather variables at many different sites concurrently. Hence, several methods of multisite downscaling
have been emerged in recent years. However, those studies related to multisite downscaling methods were mostly
involved the assessment of the capability of these techniques in describing accurately the spatio-temporal variability of observed weather variables, but very few studies evaluate the effects of single-site and multi-site downscaling procedures on runoff simulations. In this context, this study was carried out to assess the impacts of
multisite downscaling of daily temperature series as compared to the use of single-site temperature downscaling
in the simulation of runoff from the Romaine basin located in Côte-Nord region of Quebec. The multisite multivariate statistical downscaling (MMSD) method, which is a combination of multiple linear regression models, singular value decomposition technique and multivariate autoregressive model, was used for multisite downscaling,
while the popular single-site SDSM model was used for single-site downscaling of daily temperature extremes.
Streamflow simulation was based on the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) distributed hydrologic model. Results
of this application have indicated that the multi-site downscaling method could provide more accurate simulations
of streamflows than those given by the single-site downscaling procedure. In addition, this paper has investigated
the impacts on streamflows due to future changes in precipitation and temperature under different climatic scenarios (SRES) given by six RCMs and two GCMs. Projections under future climatic conditions indicate increasing
trends in temperature and precipitation with earlier snowmelt and spring floods in the basin.
56
Abstracts for Poster Presentations -
POSTERS
CSCE2015-49
Environmental Flows Evaluation in New Brunswick
Presenter: Nassir El-Jabi, Université de Moncton
River hydrology is a key component in river engineering, river restoration, river resources planning as well as in
the functioning of river ecosystems. As such, hydrological analyses play an important role not only in water resources projects but also in fish habitat and instream flow studies. The present study focused on flow metrics that
best describe the natural flow regime and the hydrological characteristics of rivers within New Brunswick. In
total, 54 hydrometrics stations were selected for the analysis and parameters describing flow availability included,
among others, the mean annual flow, median flow as well as mean monthly flows. A flow duration analysis was
also conducted for each station to estimate the probability of exceedance of different flows throughout the year.
Extreme events are also important in hydrology and these were studied by conducting a high and low flow frequency analyses. Following the frequency analysis, regional regression equations were calculated between many
flow metrics and drainage basin area. Following the characterization of the flow regime, environmental flows
were calculated and assessed for the studied rivers. The concept of environmental flow relates to the quantity of
water required in rivers to sustain an acceptable level of living conditions for aquatic biota at various phases of
their development. For many agencies, environmental flow methods are essential in environmental impact assessments and in the protection of important fisheries resources. This part of this study deals with the evaluation
of hydrologically based environmental flow methods within the New Brunswick. In total, four hydrologically
based environmental flow methods were compared using data from the selected stations across the region: the
25% mean annual flow, the Q50 method, the 70% Q50 method and the Q90 flow duration method. The study
provided a range of potential environmental flows on a monthly basis as well as potential water availability
CSCE2015-64
Dew Water Collection as a Nonconventional Source of Water
Presenter: Bahaa Khalil, McGill University
Dew and rain water were collected during summer 2014 at the Macdonald Campus of McGill University, SainteAnne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada. The objective was to provide a review of the main factors affecting passive
dew water collection in a humid continental climate. Three standard dew condenser units were installed at 1, 1.5
and 2 m above soil surface in the Macdonald campus. Each unit had four standard passive dew condenser panels
that were facing the North, West, South and East. Daily measurements were performed early in the morning, just
before sun rise, and the amount of dew water harvested by each panel was recorded. In addition, after any rain
event, the amount of water collected due to the rain was recorded for each panel. Weather data was recorded
every 5 minutes including ambient temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and direction, and dew point temperature. Different statistical analyses were employed to examine the effect of different weather variables on
the amount of dew collected as well as to examine the effect of the level as well as the direction at which the
panels were installed on the amount of dew water collected. Results indicated that the amount of dew water
collected was significantly affected by the level at which the units were installed, while the position and direction
of the panel had little effect. In addition, different behaviours with weather conditions were observed based on
the level at which the condenser was installed as well as its orientation.
CSCE2015-67
Flood risk assessment using MS Excel spreadsheet: A case study of Fredericton (New Brunswick)
Presenter: Heather McGrath, University of New Brunswick
Conventional knowledge of the flood hazard alone (extent and frequency) is not sufficient for informed decision-making. The public safety community needs tools and guidance to adequately undertake flood hazard risk
assessment in order to estimate respective damages and social and economic losses. While many complex computer models have been developed for flood risk assessment, they require highly trained personnel to prepare
the necessary input (hazard, inventory of the built environment, and vulnerabilities) and analyze model outputs.
As such, tools which utilize open-source software or are built within popular desktop software programs are appealing alternatives. Eva-Risk 2 (ER2), recently developed based on the standard methodology applied in
U.S.FEMA’s Hazus-Flood software, runs loss assessment analysis in a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. User input is limited to a handful of drop-down menus utilized to describe the building type, age, and occupancy and the expected
water level. Respective depth damage curves and other vulnerability parameters have been imported from Hazus
and are accessed in conjunction with user input to display exposure and estimated economic losses related to the
structure and the content of the building. Building types and occupancies representative of those most exposed
to flooding in Fredericton (New Brunswick) were introduced and test flood scenarios were run. The algorithm
was validated against results from the Hazus-Flood model for the same building types and flood depths, indicating
a narrow variation, within ±1.5% for damage to a structure, whereas for aggregate scenario over a dissemination
area, the total damages (structure and contents) variation was ±6%.
57
CSCE2015-88
2D Numerical Modeling of Sediment Trap Efficiency in a Multi-Basin Desander
Presenter: Marcus V. Estigoni, University of Sao Paulo - Northwest Hydraulic Consultants
In sediment-laden streams, water diverted through run-of-river intakes can be subject to high concentrations of
sand and silt transported in suspension. In hydropower projects, suspended sand can settle along diversion channels reducing hydraulic capacity and increasing head losses, while also causing serious abrasion damage in turbines. Desanders are structures located in the diversion channels intended to remove suspended sediments, trap
efficiency being one of the most important parameters needed for their design. This study investigates the applicability of the numerical model Telemac-2D to simulate the flow hydraulics and sediment settling process in a
160 m long desander with seven parallel settling basins, each 9 m wide. The desander was designed for a flow
discharge of 90 m3/s and intended to trap sediments ranging from 0.125 to 0.5 mm. Hydrodynamic and trap efficiency information gathered in a 1:15 reduced-scale physical model was used to calibrate and validate the numerical model. Despite discrepancies in the flow distribution across the basins predicted by the numerical model
and observed in the physical model, the predicted trap efficiency for each basin (and overall trap efficiency)
agreed well between both models. In addition to the seven-basin model, the central basin was isolated and simulated separately. For the single basin case (which represents condition similar to those used by analytical models)
the numerical model predicted slightly lower trap efficiency compared with the entire desander model due to
lower sediment deposition in the transition zone between the approach channel and the basins.
CSCE2015-92
Mixing Coefficients and Their Importance in Modeling Waterways
Presenter: Adnane Stitou, University of Ottawa
Every year, thousands of treatment plants discharge large quantities of waste into natural channels. The waste
moves along the flow by gravity (slope), and mixes with the water due to the bed friction. This mixing increases
the concentration of toxic elements in the water, and then moves towards ponds, rivers, estuaries, lakes, oceans
and causes more adverse effects to the environment. The object of this paper is to dissect and study the mixing
process to determine or predict the dispersion of the pollutants. In order to model mixing in natural waterways,
we must analyse it in all directions: longitudinal, transverse and vertical. The fundamental processes involved in
tracer mixing are advection, molecular diffusion, and turbulent dispersion. These water movements determine
the mixing coefficients. The mixing coefficients are parameters that model the level of mixing in the longitudinal
direction (K), vertical (εV) and transversal directions (εT). Tracer analysis is used to calculate these three critical coefficients. Tracers mix rapidly in the vertical direction compared to the transverse direction due to the large nature
of channels. The most important parameter of mixing is the transverse coefficient of mixing (εT) which is implicated in steady point source discharges (Treatment plants), the longitudinal mixing coefficient (K) is important in
sudden discharge problems, while the vertical mixing coefficient (εV) is the parameter that is best predicted theoretically. Transverse and longitudinal coefficients are determined through experimental analysis mostly.
CSCE2015-94
Projected Changes to Short and Long-Duration Precipitation Extremes over the Greater Montreal Area
Based On Regional Climate Model Simulations
Presenter: M. Naveed Khaliq, National Research Council Canada
In this study, projected changes to characteristics of May to October short- and long-duration seasonal precipitation extremes were evaluated for Montreal and surrounding areas, using a multi-Regional Climate Model (RCM)
ensemble available through the North American Regional Climate Change Assessment Program. The set of simulations considered included those performed with the four participating RCMs for the 1980–2004 period driven
by National Centre for Environmental Prediction reanalysis II and those driven by four Atmosphere-Ocean General
Circulation Models for the 1971–2000 and 2041–2070 periods, where the future simulations correspond to Special
Report on Emissions Scenarios A2 scenario. For the analysis, regional frequency analysis approach was used to
develop projected changes to selected 2-, 5-, 10-, 20-, and 50-yr return levels of precipitation extremes. Considerable differences were noted in the performance of individual RCMs. However, multi-RCM ensemble-averaged values of various return levels compared favourably with those observed. Analyses of ensemble-averaged projected
changes to various return levels showed a general increase nearly for all return levels, with only few exceptions.
The changes to return levels of short-duration (e.g. 3- and 6-h) precipitation extremes were relatively larger than
those to the long-duration (e.g. 24- and 48-h) extremes. In addition, the changes to short-duration precipitation
extremes were generally found statistically significant compared to those of long-duration. It is anticipated that
these changes in extreme precipitation characteristics will have important implications for managing and planning
of urban drainage infrastructure in and surrounding areas of Montreal.
58
59
Balancing Economic and Environmental Protection Goals in Water Resources Management in the Oldman River Basin
Presenter: Hamideh Hosseini Safa, University of Saskatchewan
Sustainable water resources management requires balancing economic and environmental protection goals in
water allocation practices. Ideally, decision makers have to adjust their water allocation plans under different climatic conditions, resulting in different water supply availabilities (WSAs) and water demands, to remain economically stable while meeting ecosystem demands. The objective of this study is to produce a map representing
alternative water allocation policies under different climatic conditions and environmental scenarios. The Oldman
River Basin (OMRB), located in the southern Alberta, Canada, is our case study. We developed an integrated water
resources management model – SWAMP2.0 –for this Basin using the System Dynamics (SD) approach. SWAMP2.0
is a water allocation model plus economic evaluation, in-stream flow needs (ISFN), and irrigation demand submodels. To present a series of water allocation plans for the OMRB, we used the Pareto approach. In this approach,
the SWAMP2.0 is simulated under multiple water supply scenarios, which lead to different economic benefits,
for each environmental flow level. Afterwards, a two dimension Pareto curve on which each point represents a
water allocation plan, is produced for the OMRB. The frontier of the curve, called a Pareto front, is an optimal
series of alternative water allocation plans under different water supply availability scenarios.
Index by Author
Abdelnour, Elie
Presented in Session 6A Track 1: Hydraulic Structure Modeling and Design
CSCE2015-93: Design and Construction of a Ships Retention System in Beauharnois Canal along the St Lawrence Seaway Navigation
System
Geniglace Inc.
Abdelnour, Razek
System
Geniglace Inc.
Abily, Morgan
Presented in Session 3D Track 3: Flood Hydraulics and Hydrology
CSCE2015-109: 2d High Resolution River Flood Simulations in Urban Environment: Global Sensitivity Analysis for Spatial Ranking
of Uncertain Parameters
Adamowski, Jan
Presented in Session 1B Track 1: Adaptive Water Management in a Changing Climate
CSCE2015-26: Perceptions Of Environmental Flows And Ecological Restoration – A Document Analysis
Presented in Session 3A Track 3: Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation 1
CSCE2015-86: Influences of Enso, Nao, And PDO on Canada’s Monthly Streamflow: Trends and Variability
Presented in Session 3B Track 2: Hydroinformatics Tools
CSCE2015-65: L-Moments Based Novel Record-Extension Technique for Short-Gauged Water Quality Parameters
Presented in Session 4C Track 5: Urban Flood Risk Management and Adaptation
CSCE2015-16: Determining the Optimal Time Delay Embedding Parameters of Urban Water Supply System Signals
Presented in Session 5D Track 5: Green Infrastructure Design and Land Use Changes
CSCE2015-20: The Effect of Sand Grain Size on the Development of Cyanobacterial Crusts
Presented in Session 6B Track 2: Sustainable Water Resources Management
CSCE2015-66: Social Learning for Meaningful Participation: Transboundary Water Resource Management in the Great Lakes and
St. Lawrence River
McGill University
Ahmad, Shohan
Presented in Session 1B Track 4: Adaptive Water Management In A Changing Climate
CSCE2015-129: Dynamic River Modelling for Flood Risk Management
Albers, Cory
CSCE2015-58: Flow Development and Retention Times in a Vortex-Type Storm Water Retention Pond
Alfaifi, Hassan
Presented in Session 1D Track 2: Turbulent Mixing and Entrainment
CSCE2015-116: Experimental and Numerical Study of Thermal Buoyant Wall Jet in Calm Ambient Water
Alkayeed, M.
CSCE2015-105: A Procedure to Measure Reynolds Stresses in the Flow Field of Hydroclones
Alodah, Abdullah
Presented in Session 2A Track 3: Hydrologic Extremes and Climate Change 2
CSCE2015-11: Anticipated Alteration in Extreme Events Utilizing Bias Correction of Two Climate Model Outputs for the South
Nation Watershed
60
Index by Author
Alsaeed, Badir
Presented in Session 5A Track 3: Strategies For Efficient Water Resources Planning
CSCE2015-10: Development of a Reilp Approach for Long-Term Planning of Warm System in Saudi Arabia
Anctil, Francois
Presented in Session 2C Track 1: Floodnet - A Strategic Research Network on Floods in Canada
CSCE2015-2C1: Overview of Floodnet
CSCE2015-2C4: Quantifying and Reducing Predictive Uncertainty of Floods
Université Laval
Anderson, M.L.
Presented in Session 2B Track 3: Some Emerging Technologies in Hydrologic Modeling (Special Session by University of CaliforniaDavis, USA)
CSCE2015-239: Numerical Atmospheric Hydrological Modeling Based Probable Maximum Precipitation Estimation
Ashkar, Fahim
CSCE2015-2C2: Flood Regimes in Canada: Learning From the Past and Preparing for the Future
Atwater, Joel
CSCE2015-124: Tidal In-Stream Power Resource Potential
Awadallah, Ayman G.
McGill University
Baek, Donghae
Presented in Session 3C Track 3: Fluvial Hydraulics 1
CSCE2015-220: 3D Numerical Simulation of Turbulent Flow and Pollutant Transport in Meandering Channels
Baker, Scott
Presented in Session 1C Track 4: Coastal Hydraulics
CSCE2015-39: An Efficient Use of a Physical Model to Verify the Performance of Coastal Structures at Two Harbours in Oman
CSCE2015-21: Physical Modelling and Design Optimizations for President Kennedy Terminal, Brazil
Balachandar, Ramaswami
Presented In Session 4B Track 2: Experimental and Computational Hydraulics 1
CSCE2015-107: Experimental and Numerical Study of Shallow Flow past a Single Cylinder
Presented in Session 5B Track 1: Experimental and Computational Hydraulics 2
CSCE2015-206: Measurement of Scour Profiles around Bridge Piers in Channel Flow with and Without Ice Cover
Banting, Doug
CSCE2015-13: Evaluation of Stormwater Low Impact Development Practices for the Lake Simcoe Regions
Ryerson University
Barbet, Marc
CSCE2015-78: Romaine Hydroelectric Complex – Scale Model Optimization of the Hydraulic Structures
Lasalle|NHC Inc.
61
Index by Author
Barron, Ron
Bender, Michael
CSCE2015-76: The Hydraulics of River Groynes / Spurs and their Application to the Bow River after the June 2013 Flood
Bentaiebi, Youssef
Presented in Session 5C Track 1: Dam Breach and Landslide
CSCE2015-85: Probabilistic Method to Evaluate the Peak Outflow of Dam Failures by Overtopping
Bertrand, Nathalie
Binns, Andrew
CSCE2015-68: Application of Gauge-Adjusted Weather Radar for Hydrology
Presented in Session 6C Track 1: Sediment and Transport Modeling
CSCE2015-43: Variation in River Bed Morphology and Sediment Transport Rates during Flood Events
Presented in Session 6D Track 4: Fluvial Hydraulics 2
CSCE2015-69: Evaluation of Hydraulic Zone of Influence for Planktonic Entrainment at a Cooling Water Intake Structure in Lake Huron
Biron, P.
CSCE2015-106: Characteristics of Flow around Open Channel 90° Bends with Vanes
Biswas, Asim
McGill University
Blakely, Deighen
CSCE2015-42: 1D Hydraulic Modelling on a Large and Complex Domain: Data Management and Model Setup
Blank, Martin
Presented in Session 4D Track 1: Decision Support Systems
CSCE2015-72: Converting Wastes to Resources: A Decision-Support Model for Short-Rotation Coppice Systems Planning and Management
McGill University
Bluteau, Cynthia
Presented in Session 2D Track 6: Lake Hydraulics
CSCE2015-123: Under-Ice Circulation in Lakes Driven by Salt Exclusion
Bomhof, James
CSCE2015-89: Estimation of Mean Monthly Flows at Ungauged Locations in the Maritimes and Pacific Hydrologic Regions
62
Index by Author
Boucher, Marie-Amélie
CSCE2015-9: Breathing New Life to an Older Model: The Cequeau Tool for Flow and Water Temperature Simulations and Forecasting
INRS-ETE
Bourgeois, Gilles
CSCE2015-74: 3D Hydraulic Modeling to Support Hydrotechnical Design and Decision-Making Process
WSP Canada Inc.
Brand, Jack
CSCE2015-69: Evaluation of Hydraulic Zone of Influence for Planktonic Entrainment at a Cooling Water Intake Structure in Lake
Huron
Brown, David
CSCE2015-70: Two Dimensional Hydrodynamic Model Development for Complex Floodplain Studies
KGS Group
Burn, Donald H.
CSCE2015-82: Investigating Seasonal Modeling of Flow Series for Nashwaak River, Nb, Canada
Carr, Kara
CSCE2015-2B5: Sediment Transport Scaling and Self-Similarity: Application to the One-Dimensional Non-Equilibrium Suspended
Sediment Transport Process
Chen, Z.Q.
Presented in Session 2B Track 3: Some Emerging Technologies In Hydrologic Modeling (Special Session by University of CaliforniaDavis, USA)
CSCE2015-239: Numerical Atmospheric Hydrologic Modeling-Based Flood Frequency Analysis for Cache Creek Watershed
Chi, Wanqing
CSCE2015-126: Experimental and Numerical Modeling of Erosion and Sedimentation in Navigation Channel
Chowdhury, Rocky
Chu, Vincent H.
CSCE2015-114: Shear Instability in High-Speed Shallow Flows
CSCE2015-115: Mixing in Shallow Waters at High Froude Number
McGill University
63
Index by Author
Clark, Shawn
CSCE2015-60: Using Suspended Sediment Particle Size Distributions to Characterize Sediment Transport on the Red River
Clohan, William Daley
CSCE2015-50: Three-Dimensional Numerical Simulations of Subaerial Landslide Generated Waves
Cornett, Andrew
Comfort, George
System
Geniglace Inc.
Coulibaly, Paulin
CSCE2015-118: Use of Groundwater Table Variation to Optimize the Design of Shallow and Deep Monitoring Well Networks.
McMaster University
Crawford, Stephen S.
CSCE2015-69: Evaluation of Hydraulic Zone of Influence for Planktonic Entrainment at a Cooling Water Intake Structure in Lake
Huron
Daneshvar, P.
CSCE2015-23: Modeling and Simulation of Tailings Dam Breaches Using SPH
Davies, Evan G. R.
McGill University
Daviau, Jean-Luc
WSP Canada Inc.
Delaney, Patrick
CSCE2015-54: Development and Operation of the Great Lakes Storm Surge Operational System
CSCE2015-55: Using Detailed 2D Urban Floodplain Modelling to Inform Development Planning in Mississauga, On
64
Index by Author
Delestre, Olivier
Denault, Catherine
CSCE2015-79: Comprehensive Numerical Model of the St. Lawrence Estuary Between Quebec City and Rimouski – Application to
Hydrodynamics, Wave and Sediment Transport
Lasalle|NHC Inc.
Deslauriers, Simon
CSCE2015-15: Automatic Calibration Tool for Two-Dimensional Hydraulic and Sediment Model for River Systems
École polytechnique de Montréal
Dhiman, Jaskaran
Presented in Session 5A Track 4: Strategies for Efficient Water Resources Planning
CSCE2015-133: Use of Super Absorbent Polymers (Hydrogels) to Promote Safe Use of Wastewater in Agriculture
McGill University
Dupuis, Pierre
CSCE2015-61: The Lake Champlain-Haut Richelieu Hydric System: Climate and Anthropogenic Changes and Adaptation
CSCE2015-73: Innovative Wave Analysis Approach for Decision-Making – Case Study: Mont-Louis Wharf Rehabilitation
WSP Canada Inc.
Duong Vo, Ngoc
CSCE2015-130: Future Flooding Increase: Prediction and Probable Cause – A Case Study of Vietnam Central Coastal Area
Dyck, Miles
McGill University
Ebrahimi, Mosen
CSCE2015-51: Evaluation of Existing Equations for Estimating Bank Erosion in Meandering Streams
Queen's University
Ecran, Ali
CSCE2015-2B1: Ensemble Modeling of Hydrologic Processes at One Shot: Modeling Stochastic Kinematic Wave Open Channel by
the Stochastic Method of Characteristics
El-Jabi, Nassir
Poster 49: Environmental Flows Evaluation in New Brunswick
University of Moncton
Elsayed, Eman
CSCE2015-132: Role of Plantain Peel Biochar in Enhancing Safe Use of Untreated Wastewater
McGill University
65
Index by Author
Elshorbagy, Amin
CSCE2015-27: Environmental Flow and Economy in the Bow River Basin: Reaching a Compromise through a Hydroeconomic Model
CSCE2015-28: Integrated Water Resource Management under Water Supply and Irrigation Development Uncertainty
Poster 96: Balancing Economic and Environmental Protection Goals in Sustainable Water Resources Management in the Oldman
River Basin
El Tahan, Abdelhamid
CSCE2015-242: Design of Riprap by Optimization of Neural Network Input Using a Spread Sheet
Arab Academy for Science Technology and Maritime Transport
Estigoni, Marcus V.
Poster 88: 2D Numerical Modelling of Sediment Trap Efficiency in a Multi-Basin Desander
University of Sao Paulo
Ferreira da Silva, Ana Maria
CSCE2015-51: Evaluation of Existing Equations For Estimating Bank Erosion In Meandering Streams
Queen's University
Frank, Graham
CSCE2015-141: Design and Hydrodynamic Modelling of Walleye Habitat Improvements in the Nipigon River
Frigon, Anne
CSCE2015-29: Probable Maximum Flood under Changing Climate Conditions for the Mattagami River Basin
Furber, Alison
St. Lawrence River
McGill University
G Millar, Robert
CSCE2015-80: Estimation of Design Stream Flow with Parametric Frequency Pairing Method
Gallant, Gord
Gan, Thian Y.
Gaskin, Susan
CSCE2015-91: The Effect of a Turbulent Background on the Concentration Field of a High-Schmidt-Number Passive Scalar within a
Turbulent Jet
McGill University
66
Index by Author
Gober, Patricia
Goharrokhi, Masoud
CSCE2015-60: Using Suspended Sediment Particle Size Distributions to Characterize Sediment Transport on the Red River
Gonda, Jordan
Gordon Putz, Anne
Gourbesville, Philippe
CSCE2015-130: Future Flooding Increase: Prediction and Probable Cause – A Case Study of Vietnam Central Coastal Area
Keynote lecture 4: Challenges of the Water Information System: Needs and Opportunities
Grenon, Geneviève
St. Lawrence River
McGill University
Groux, François
CSCE2015-83: Analysis and Monitoring of Watercourses in Urban Environments for Sustainable Development and Adaptation to
Climate Change – The Lorette River Case Study.
WSP Canada
Guillemette, Nicolas
WSP Canada Inc.
Gunsolus, Etta H.
CSCE2015-43: Variation in River Bed Morphology and Sediment Transport Rates During Flood Events
Guo, Yiping
CSCE2015-46: Changes in Heavy Rainstorm Characteristics with Time and Temperature
McMaster University
67
Index by Author
Han, S.S.
Hansen, Henrik
Hasan, Mohammad Sabbir
CSCE2015-33: Abrasion of Hydraulic Structures Concrete Surface by Water-Borne Sand
Hasanloo, Davood
CSCE2015-110: Brackish Pit Lakes Approaching Fall Turnover
Hassan, Eman
McGill University
Hassanzadeh, Elmira
Heidari, Mehdi
CSCE2015-107: Experimental and Numerical Study of Shallow Flow past Tandem Cylinder
Helsten, Mark,
Huang, Jinhui
CSCE2015-95: Development of Regional Storm Frequency Maps for the Upper Yangtze River Basin and its Application to Assess Climate Change
Huard, David
CSCE2015-32: Decision-Making under Climate Uncertainty in the Hydroelectric Sector
Ouranos
Ishida, K.
CSCE2015-2B2: Climate Change Projection of Snow Cover Over Three Mountainous in Northern California
68
Index by Author
Jang, S.
Jenkinson, Wayne
Jesudhas, Vimaldoss
Jia, Benyou
CSCE2015-17: Improved Knowledge-Based Cooperative Particle Swarm Optimization for Flood Control Reservoir Operation
Jiongfeng, Chen
Joksimovic, Darko
Ryerson University
Katra, I
McGill University
Kaatz, Ron
KGS Group
Kang, Jasmine
CSCE2015-80: Estimation of Design Stream Flow with Parametric Frequency Pairing Method
Karimpour, Shooka
CSCE2015-114: Shear Instability in High-Speed Shallow Flows
CSCE2015-115: Mixing in Shallow Waters at High Froude Number
McGill University
Karnieli, A.
69
Index by Author
McGill University
Kavvas, M. Levent
Keynote lecture 2: Coupled Modeling of Atmospheric-Hydrologic Processes at Watershed Scale with Application to Ungauged and
Sparsely-Gauged Watersheds
CSCE2015-2B1: Ensemble Modeling of Hydrologic Processes at One Shot: Modeling Stochastic Kinematic Wave Open Channel by
the Stochastic Method of Characteristics
Kenny, Genevieve
Presented in Session 4C Track 3: Urban Flood Risk Management And Adaptation
CSCE2015-53: Design of a Novel Vortex Drop Structure for Large Stormwater Flows
CSCE2015-77: CFD Modeling of a Lakewater Cooling Intake
Khalil, Bahaa
CSCE2015-86: Influences of Enso, Nao, and PDO on Canada’s Monthly Streamflow: Trends and Variability
McGill University
Khaliq, Naveed M.
Presented In Session 3B: Hydroinformatics Tools
Poster 94: CSCE2015-94: Projected Changes to short and Long-Duration Precipitation Extremes over the Greater Montreal Area
based on Regional Climate Model Simulations
Kheradmand, Saeideh
CSCE2015-127: Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Saline Discharges in Stationary Ambient
Kheirkhah, Hossein
Presented in Session 1D Track 2: Turbulent Mixing And Entrainment
70
Index by Author
Klyszejko, Erika
Koenig, Kristina
CSCE2015-29: Probable Maximum Flood under Changing Climate Conditions for the Mattagami River Basin
Knox, Paul
Krygier, Richard
McGill University
Lamothe, Guillaume
CSCE2015-36: Optimal Use of Delft 3D Software for Wave Induced Coastal EROSION
Langford, Mathew
CSCE2015-19: Computational Modeling of Thermally Stratified Reservoirs Upstream of Hydropower Facilities
Amec Foster Wheeler Environment and Infrastructure
Larabi, Samah
INRS-ETE
Latraverse, Marco
INRS-ETE
Laval, Bernard
Lavictoire, Alexandra
CSCE2015-30: An Experimental Investigation of Bore-Induced Scour Around a Circular Structure
Lawrence, Gregory
CSCE2015-138: Potential Mixing Mechanisms in End Pit Lakes
CSCE2015-122: Effects of Spectral Variation in the Attenuation Co-Efficient on the Heating of Lakes
CSCE2015-117: Echosoundings in Base Mine Lake
71
Index by Author
CSCE2015-121: Undular Waves In Subcritical Flow Over An Obstacle
CSCE2015-124: Tidal In-Stream Power Resource Potential
Leach, James
McMaster University
Lee, Joseph Hun-wi
Keynote lecture 3: Environmental Hydraulics of Chlorine Disinfection for the Hong Kong Harbour Area Treatment Scheme
Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
Li, James
Ryerson University
Li, S. Samuel
CSCE2015-8: Assessment of CFD Modelling Methods for Predicting Turbulent Flow and Bed Shear Stress Around Bridge Piers
Li, Yu
CSCE2015-95: Development of Regional Storm Frequency Maps for the Upper Yangtze River Basin and its Application to Assess Climate Change
Liu, Lei
CSCE2015-10: Development of a Reilp Approach for Long-Term Planning of Warm System in Saudi Arabia
Liu, Yanling
Lorrain, Nick
Ma, Wenqi
CSCE2015-215: Application of Water Jet Cavitation on Pipeline Cleaning
Mahdi, Tew-Fik
CSCE2015-36: Optimal Use of Delft 3D Software for Wave Induced Coastal EROSION
72
Index by Author
CSCE2015-15: Automatic Calibration Tool for Two-Dimensional Hydraulic and Sediment Model for River Systems
Mahlujy, Keyvan
Marche, Claude
Marin, Saul
CSCE2015-76: The Hydraulics of River Groynes / Spurs and their Application to the Bow River After the June 2013 Flood
Golder Associates Ltd. Ltd.
Majano, Bernardo
CSCE2015-53: Design of a Novel Vortex Drop Structure for Large Stormwater Flows
CSCE2015-77: CFD Modeling of a Lakewater Cooling Intake
Mannan, Abdul Ehsan
McGill University
Martin, Violeta
CSCE2015-44: Predicted Changes in Peace River Channel Morphology and Sediment Transport Related to the Site C Clean Energy
Project
CSCE2015-38: Hydrodynamic Modelling of Intakes for Run-Of-River Hydroelectric Projects
Knight Piesold Ltd.
Massé, Alexandre
CSCE2015-84: Climate Change and Storm Surges in the Hudson and James Bays
LaSalle|NHC Inc.
Mazurek, Kerry
McBean, Ed
Keynote lecture 1: Water Security – Priority Needs in a Climate Changing World
University of Guelph
McGrath, Heather
CSCE2015-62: Framework For The Development Of Flood Inundation Maps At The Press Of A Button
Poster 67: Flood Risk Assessment Using MS Excel Spreadsheet: A Case Study of Fredericton (New Brunswick)
73
Index by Author
McKee, Jack
McKibbon, Justin
WSP Canada Inc.
Medema, Wietske
St. Lawrence River
McGill University
Menendez-Pidal, Gabriel
System
Geniglace Inc.
Mereu, Tim
Métivier, Vincent
WSP Canada Inc.
Mitobe, Yuta
CSCE2015-18: Recovery of Concave Shoreline Induced by the 2011 Tokoku Tsunami
Mladjic, Bratislav
Poster 94: Projected Changes to Short - and Long - Duration Precipitation Extremes over the Greater Montreal Area Using Regional
Climate Model Simulations
Mohamed, Hossam
CSCE2015-48: Statistical Analysis of Morphometric and Hydrologic Parameters in Arid Regions
Arab Academy for Science Technology and Maritime Transport
Mohammadian, Majid
Muñoz, Victor
CSCE2015-31: Using Regional Data Exploration to Improve Understanding of Local Hydrologic Parameters: Three Practical Cases in
Canada, Mexico and Turkey
SRK Consulting
74
Index by Author
Mydlarski, Laurent
Turbulent Jet
McGill University
Nalley, Deasy
McGill University
Nassar, Yasmin
Nastev, Miroslav
CSCE2015-62: Framework for the Development of Flood Inundation Maps at the Press of a Button
Nzediegwu, Christopher
McGill University
Nazemi, Ali
CSCE2015-28: Integrated Water Resource Management Under Water Supply and Irrigation Development Uncertainty
Nguyen, Huy T.
McGill University
Nguyen, Van-Thanh-Van
CSCE2015-1A1: An Integrated Extreme Rainfall Modeling Tool for Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation in Urban Areas
CSCE2015-2C3: Development of New Methods for Updating IDF Curves in Canada
CSCE2015-4A2: Comparison of Multisite and Single-Site Temperature Downscaling Effects on Streamflow and Runoff Simulation
McGill University
Nguyen, Van Thinh
CSCE2015-220: 3D Numerical Simulation of Turbulent Flow and Pollutant Transport in Meandering Channels
Nistor, Ioan
CSCE2015-30: An Experimental Investigation of Bore-Induced Scour around a Circular Structure
CSCE2015-44: Predicted Changes in Peace River Channel Morphology and Sediment Transport Related to the Site C Clean Energy
Project
75
Index by Author
Nokken, Michelle
CSCE2015-33: Abrasion of Hydraulic Structures Concrete Surface By Water-Borne Sand
Nzediegwu, Christopher
McGill University
Ohara, N.
Onyshko, Peter
Oosting, Andrew
Ouahit, Leila
Climate Change – The Lorette River Case Study.
WSP Canada
Ouellet-Proulx, Sébastien
INRS-ETE
Palynchuk, Barry
CSCE2015-46: Changes in Heavy Rainstorm Characteristics with Time and Temperature
AECOM Canada Ltd.
Peck, Angela
CSCE2015-35: Climate Change Influenced Flooding and Sea Level Rise on Canada's West Coast
Pelletier, Pierre
Climate Change – The Lorette River Case Study
WSP Canada Inc.
Perdikaris, John
CSCE2015-29: Probable Maximum Flood Under Changing Climate Conditions for the Mattagami River Basin
76
Index by Author
Perez-Alvarado, Alejandro
Turbulent Jet
McGill University
Pieters, Roger
Polsinelli, James
CSCE2015-2B4: Scaling Method for the Saturated Groundwater Equations
Prasher, Shiv Om
McGill University
Qi, Zhiming
CSCE2015-99: Modeling Impacts of Climate Change on Hydrologic Processes in Subsurface Drained Croplands Using an Agricultural
System Model
McGill University
Qu, Junying
CSCE2015-104: V-Shaped Multi-Slit Weir Systems
CSCE2015-103: Simulation of Flow Past an Open Channel Floor Slot
CSCE2015-102: Nonlinear PLS Method for Side Weir Flows
KGS Group
Quilty, John
CSE2015-16: Determining the Optimal Time Delay Embedding Parameters of Urban Water Supply System Signals
McGill University
Rahman, Mahzabeen
McGill University
77
Index by Author
Ramamurthy, Amruthur
CSCE2015-104: V-Shaped Multi-Slit Weir Systems
CSCE2015-103: Simulation of Flow past an Open Channel Floor Slot
CSCE2015-102: Nonlinear PLS Method for Side Weir Flows
CSCE2015-100: Discharge Characteristics of Siphon Spillways
Rasmussen, Peter
CSCE2015-87: Investigation of the Impact of Climate Change on Flooding in the Red River Basin
CSCE2015-2C5: Evaluation of Flood Forecasting and Warning Systems in Canada
Renaud, Steve
WSP Canada Inc.
Rennie, Colin
CSCE2015-30: An Experimental Investigation of Bore-Induced Scour around a Circular Structure
Reilly, Kate
CSCE2015-26: Perceptions Of Environmental Flows And Ecological Restoration – A Document Analysis
McGill University
Robb, Daniel
CSCE2015-41: Numerical Simulation of Dam Break Flows Using Depth-Averaged Hydrodynamic and Three-Dimensional CFD Models
Rosu, Corina
LaSalle|NHC Inc.
Roussinova, Vesselina
CSCE2015-107: Experimental and Numerical Study of Shallow Flow Past a Single Cylinder
Roy, René
Presented in Session 4A Track 3: Climate Change Impacts And Adaptation 2
Ouranos
78
Index by Author
Rozenstein, Offer
McGill University
Safa, Hamideh Hosseini
River Basin
Sakib, Nazmus
University of Alberta
Savard, Jean-Pierre
LaSalle|NHC Inc.
Seidou, Ousmane
CSCE2015-11: Anticipated Alteration in Extreme Events Utilizing Bias Correction of Two Climate Model Outputs for the South
Nation Watershed
Serrer, Martin
Shifflett, Mark
Simonovic, Slobodan P.
CSCE2015-129: Dynamic River Modelling for Flood Risk Management
CSCE2015-35: Climate Change Influenced Flooding and Sea Level Rise on Canada's West Coast
Stefanakis, E.
CSCE2015-62: Framework for the Development of Flood Inundation Maps at the Press of a Button
St-Hilaire, André
INRS-ETE
Stitou, Adnane
Poster: CSCE2015-92: Mixing Coefficients and Their Importance in Modeling Waterways
79
Index by Author
Swainson, Rob
Sun, Hongyi
CSCE2015-215: Application of Water Jet Cavitation on Pipeline Cleaning
Tadayon, Rahim
CSCE2015-100: Discharge Characteristics of Siphon Spillways
Tanaka, Hitoshi
Tang, Gaven
Tedford, Edmund
Thiémonge, Nathalie
Ouranos
Toan, T.Q.
Trinh, T.
Vasquez, Jose
CSCE2015-41: Numerical Simulation of Dam Break Flows Using Depth-Averaged Hydrodynamic and Three-Dimensional CFD Models
Vieira, Michael
Ouranos
80
Index by Author
Villeneuve, Marc
CSCE2015-79: Comprehensive Numerical Model of the St. Lawrence Estuary between Quebec City and Rimouski – Application to
Hydrodynamics, Wave and Sediment Transport
CSCE2015-78: Romaine Hydroelectric Complex – Scale Model Optimization of the Hydraulic Structures
LaSalle|NHC Inc.
Vo Cong, Hoang
Wiebe, Joshua
Wheater, Howard
River Basin
Wu, Shouhong
Wu, Peng
CSCE2015-206: Measurement of Scour Profiles around Bridge Piers in Channel Flow with and Without Ice Cover
Xenopoulos, Marguerite A.
CSCE2015-2C6: Risk Analysis of Physical, Socio-Economic, and Environmental Impacts of Floods
Trent University
Yeo, Myeong-Ho
CSCE2015-1A1: An Integrated Extreme Rainfall Modeling Tool for Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation in Urban Areas
McGill University
Yin, Qiao
Yizhaq, H.
McGill University
81
Index by Author
Zaady, E. I Katra, A Karnieli, J Adamowski, H Yizhaq
McGill University
Zadeh, Shabnam Mostofi
CSCE2015-82: Investigating Seasonal Modeling of Flow Series for Nashwaak River, Nb, Canada
Zareie, Alireza
McGill University
Zhong, Ping’an
Zhu, David Z.
CSCE2015-19: Computational Modeling of Thermally Stratified Reservoirs Upstream of Hydropower Facilities
University of Alberta Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Zsaki, Attila M.
CSCE2015-23: Modeling and Simulation of Tailings Dam Breaches Using Sph
82
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