Muscles of the Lower Leg

Muscles of the Lower Leg
Muscles of the Lower Leg
Images:
Draves DJ, Anatomy of the Lower Extremity, Williams &
Wilkins, 1986
Text:
Draves DJ, Anatomy of the Lower Extremity, Williams &
Wilkins, 1986
Logan BM, McMinn’s Colour Atlas of Foot & Ankle
Anatomy 4th Ed, Elsevier, 2012
Anatomy.TV Primal’s Atlas of Human Anatomy of the Leg,
Ankle and Foot, 2014
Anatomy APP QUT Podiatric Anatomy 2016
Tibialis Anterior Muscle
• Origin:
• Insertion:
• Action:
• Innervation:
Tibialis Anterior Muscle
• Origin:
– Proximal 2/3 lateral tibia &
adjoining interosseous
membrane
• Insertion:
– Medial & plantar surfaces
of the medial cuneiform &
1st metatarsal base
• Action:
– Dorsiflex & invert foot
• Innervation:
– Deep fibular (peroneal) L4,
L5
Extensor Hallucis Longus Muscle
• Origin:
• Insertion:
• Action:
• Innervation:
Extensor Hallucis Longus Muscle
• Origin:
– Middle 1/3 medial fibula &
adjoining interosseous
membrane
• Insertion:
– Dorsal base of distal phalanx
of hallux
• Action:
– Extend IPJ of hallux & 1st
MTPJ, dorsiflex & invert foot
• Innervation:
– Deep fibular (peroneal) L4, L5
Extensor Digitorum Longus Muscle
• Origin:
• Insertion:
• Action:
• Innervation:
Extensor Digitorum Longus Muscle
• Origin:
– Proximal 2/3 medial fibula &
lateral tibial condyle
• Insertion:
– Tendons become dorsal digital
(extensor) expansion & insert
into the dorsal middle & distal
phalanx of 2-5 toes
– Note: Tendon splits into 4 at
inferior extensor retinaculum
• Action:
– Extend 2-5 toes at proximal &
distal IPJ & MPJ, dorsiflex &
evert foot
• Innervation:
– Deep fibular (peroneal) L5, S1
Fibularis (Peroneus) Tertius Muscle
• Origin:
• Insertion:
• Action:
• Innervation:
Fibularis (Peroneus) Tertius Muscle
• Origin:
– Distal 1/3 medial fibula &
adjoining interosseous
membrane, often
continuous with EDL
• Insertion:
– Dorsal base & proximal
shaft of 5th metatarsal
• Action:
– Dorsiflex & evert foot
• Innervation:
– Deep fibular (peroneal) L5,
S1
Fibularis (Peroneus) Longus Muscle
• Origin:
• Insertion:
• Action:
• Innervation:
Fibularis (Peroneus) Longus Muscle
• Origin:
– Proximal 2/3 lateral fibula
• Insertion:
– Plantar medial cuneiform
& 1st metatarsal base
– Note: Tendon posterior to
brevis tendon at lateral
malleolus.
• Action:
– Evert & plantar flex foot
• Innervation:
– Superficial fibular
(peroneal) L5, S1
Fibularis (Peroneus) Brevis Muscle
• Origin:
• Insertion:
• Action:
• Innervation:
Fibularis (Peroneus) Brevis Muscle
• Origin:
– Distal 2/3 lateral fibula
• Insertion:
– Lateral styloid process
– Note: Tendon anterior to
longus tendon at lateral
malleolus,
• Action:
– Evert & plantar flex foot
• Innervation:
– Superficial fibular
(peroneal) L5, S1
Gastrocnemius Muscle
• Origin:
• Insertion:
• Action:
• Innervation:
Gastrocnemius Muscle
• Origin:
– Medial head posterior surface
medial condyle of femur
– Lateral head lateral surface
lateral condyle of femur
• Insertion:
– Forms part of Achilles tendon,
inserts mid 1/3 posterior
calcaneus
– Note: Deep (calc/tendon) &
superficial (tendon/skin)
retrocalcaneal bursa
• Action:
– Plantar flex foot & flex knee
• Innervation:
– Tibial S1, S2
Soleus Muscle
• Origin:
• Insertion:
• Action:
• Innervation:
Soleus Muscle
• Origin:
– Proximal 1/3 posterior fibula,
tendinous arch, soleal line &
middle 1/3 medial tibia,
• Insertion:
– Forms part of Achilles tendon,
inserts mid 1/3 posterior
calcaneus
– Note: Deep (calc/tendon) &
superficial (tendon/skin)
retrocalcaneal bursa
• Action:
– Plantar flex foot
• Innervation:
– Tibial S1, S2
Plantaris Muscle
• Origin:
• Insertion:
• Action:
• Innervation:
Plantaris Muscle
• Origin:
– Inferior to lateral
supracondylar line of femur
• Insertion:
– inserts mid 1/3 posterior
calcaneus medial side of
Achilles tendon (separate or
combined)
• Action:
– Weak plantar flex ankle, weak
knee flex
• Innervation:
– Tibial S1, S2
Popliteus Muscle
• Origin:
• Insertion:
• Action:
• Innervation:
Popliteus Muscle
• Origin:
– lateral surface of lateral
femoral condyle
• Insertion:
– Superior to soleal line
posterior tibia
• Action:
– Rotate femur on fixed tibia
“unlock” extended knee
• Innervation:
– Tibial L4, L5, S1
Flexor Digitorum Longus Muscle
• Origin:
• Insertion:
• Action:
• Innervation:
Flexor Digitorum Longus Muscle
• Origin:
– Distal to soleal line & medial
to vertical line posterior tibia,
middle 2/4ths
• Insertion:
– Plantar base of distal phalanx
of 2-5 toes
– Not: Tendon splits into 4 at
navicular
• Action:
– Flex 2-5 IPJ & MPJ, plantar flex
& invert foot
• Innervation:
– Tibial S2, S3
Tibialis Posterior Muscle
• Origin:
• Insertion:
• Action:
• Innervation:
Tibialis Posterior Muscle
• Origin:
– Proximal 2/3 posterior
interosseous membrane &
adjacent posterior surfaces
of tibia & fibula
• Insertion:
– Navicular tuberosity, all
cuneiforms, cuboid & 2-4
metatarsal bases
• Action:
– Plantar flex & invert foot
• Innervation:
– Tibial L4, L5
Flexor Hallucis Longus Muscle
• Origin:
• Insertion:
• Action:
• Innervation:
Flexor Hallucis Longus Muscle
• Origin:
– Distal 2/3 posterior fibula
& adjoining interosseous
membrane
• Insertion:
– Plantar base of distal
phalanx of hallux
• Action:
– Flex hallux IPJ & 1st MTPJ,
Plantar flex & invert foot
• Innervation:
– Tibial S2, S3