BRUTALISM IN WILDERNESS - Finnish military bases in the 1960s

Between Architecture of War and Military Urbanism
UDL 10 Tallinn April 25-28, 2013
BRUTALISM IN WILDERNESS - Finnish military bases in the 1960s and 70s
Kristo Vesikansa, Aalto University, Helsinki
THE BUILDING DEPARTMENT OF THE MINISTRY OF DEFENCE
Vilho Noko, b. 1912, grad. 1954, MoD 1950-, the head of the department 1957-
THE BUILDING DEPARTMENT OF THE MINISTRY OF DEFENCE
Vilho Noko, b. 1912, grad. 1954, MoD 1950-, the head of the department 1957-
Pentti Viljanen, b. 1928, grad. 1954, MoD 1955-91
Jorma Pankakoski, b. 1929, grad. 1955, MoD 1956-62
Pekka Rajala, b. 1929, grad. 1954, MoD 1956
Pertti Autio, b. 1930, grad. 1956, MoD 1957-60
Reino Lammin-Soila, b. 1921, grad. 1953, MoD 1957-58
Timo Suomalainen, b. 1928, grad. 1956, MoD 1958-62
THE BUILDING DEPARTMENT OF THE MINISTRY OF DEFENCE
Vilho Noko, b. 1912, grad. 1954, MoD 1950-, the head of the department 1957-
Pentti Viljanen, b. 1928, grad. 1954, MoD 1955-91
Jorma Pankakoski, b. 1929, grad. 1955, MoD 1956-62
Pekka Rajala, b. 1929, grad. 1954, MoD 1956
Pertti Autio, b. 1930, grad. 1956, MoD 1957-60
Reino Lammin-Soila, b. 1921, grad. 1953, MoD 1957-58
Timo Suomalainen, b. 1928, grad. 1956, MoD 1958-62
INDEPENDENT ARCHITECTS
Pentti Ahola, b. 1919, grad. 1947
Osmo Lappo, b. 1927, grad. 1953
Mikko Heliövaara, b. 1929, grad. 1956
Timo Penttilä, b. 1931, grad. 1956
Tuomo Suomalainen, b. 1931, grad. 1960
Pentti Pajarinen, b. 1932, grad. 1958
THE BUILDING DEPARTMENT OF THE MINISTRY OF DEFENCE
Vilho Noko, b. 1912, grad. 1954, MoD 1950-, the head of the department 1957-
Pentti Viljanen, b. 1928, grad. 1954, MoD 1955-91
INDEPENDENT ARCHITECTS
Pentti Ahola, b. 1919, grad. 1947
Jorma Pankakoski, b. 1929, grad. 1955, MoD 1956-62
Osmo Lappo, b. 1927, grad. 1953
Pekka Rajala, b. 1929, grad. 1954, MoD 1956
Mikko Heliövaara, b. 1929, grad. 1956
Pertti Autio, b. 1930, grad. 1956, MoD 1957-60
Timo Penttilä, b. 1931, grad. 1956
Reino Lammin-Soila, b. 1921, grad. 1953, MoD 1957-58
Tuomo Suomalainen, b. 1931, grad. 1960
Timo Suomalainen, b. 1928, grad. 1956, MoD 1958-62
Pentti Pajarinen, b. 1932, grad. 1958
Jorma Pankakoski: Hyrylä Soldier´s Home, 1960
WILDERNESS GARRISONS
Kajaani Garrison, 1960-75
2500 soldiers
Site plan: Pentti Viljanen
Garrison center: Osmo Lappo
Barracks: Pentti Rajala
Hospital: Timo and Tuomo Suomalainen
Staff housing: Pentti Ahola
Säkylä Garrison, 1960-67
2500 soldiers
Site plan: Pentti Viljanen
Garrison center: Osmo Lappo
Barracks: Pentti Rajala
Hospital: Timo and Tuomo Suomalainen
Vekaranjärvi Garrison, 1966-74
3000 soldiers
Site plan: Pentti Viljanen
Garrison center: Osmo Lappo
Barracks: Pentti Rajala
Hospital: Timo and Tuomo Suomalainen
Staff housing: Timo Penttilä
Keuruu Garrison, 1964-77
1500 soldiers
Site plan, garrison center, barracks, hospital, staff housing: Timo and Tuomo Suomalainen
Lappeenranta Cavalry Barracks, 1889-93
URBAN CONTEXT
Sodankylä Garrison, 1958-66
HISTORICAL CONTINUITY?
Pentti Viljanen: Kajaani Garrison, 1960
MILITARY BASES VS. HOUSING ESTATES
Olli Kivinen etc.: Pihlajamaki
̈ Housing, Helsinki, 1959-64
GARRISON CENTERS VS. CIVIC CENTERS
Martti & Marjatta Jaatinen: Oulu Monumental Center, 1962-67
Osmo Lappo: Vekaranjärvi Garrison Center, 1966-74
Osmo Lappo: Vekaranjärvi Garrison Center, 1966-74
URBAN SPACE
STANDARDIZATION
Pekka Rajala: Barracks, Vekaranjärvi, 1966-68
Osmo Lappo: Kajaani Garrison Center, 1960-68
Osmo Lappo: Säkylä Garrison Center, 1960-67
Osmo Lappo: Soldiers´ Home, Säkylä, 1960-67
MATERIALS
Osmo Lappo: Sports Hall, Kajaani, 1960-64
Osmo Lappo: Soldiers´ Home, Kajaani, 1960-68
BUILDING TECHNIQUES
Osmo Lappo: Canteen, Vekaranjärvi, 1966-74
Osmo Lappo: Sports Hall, Kajaani, 1960-64
Osmo Lappo: Soldiers´ Home, Vekaranjärvi, 1966-74
Osmo Lappo: Movie Theater, Vekaranjärvi, 1966-74
Howard Smith: Murals, Vekaranjärvi, 1974
THE INTEGRATION OF VISUAL ARTS
Timo and Tuomo Suomalainen: Keuruu Garrison, 1960-77
Timo Suomalainen: Keuruu Garrison, 1960
Timo and Tuomo Suomalainen: Keuruu Garrison Center, 1960-73