The Borlaug Global Rust Initiative

The Borlaug Global Rust Ini4a4ve A Successful Coopera4ve Interna4onal Research Community Matthew Rouse1, Sarah D. Evanega2, Ronnie Coffman2
1USDA-ARS and U. Minnesota, 2Cornell University
13 August 2014, APS, Minneapolis
Ronnie Coffman and Sarah Davidson, Cornell University 2004-­‐2005 Kenya Stem Rust Epidemic Source: Kenya Agricultural Research Institute
Durable Rust Resistance in Wheat Durable Rust Resistance in Wheat The DRRW project: A mul4faceted approach to fight stem rust Ug99 Surveillance Understanding the pathogen Gender Capacity building Seed mul4plica4on and delivery Barberry-­‐the alternate host Gene discovery Breeding Marker development A mul4faceted approach to fight stem rust Ug99 Surveillance Understanding the pathogen Rust
Global
Survey
Wheat
“Footprint”
“Footprint”
2012
2006
•  13,000+ survey records
•  30+ countries
•  large % of developing world wheat
Dave Hodson, CIMMYT
Pathogen Monitoring •  1999: race TTKSK “Ug99” iden4fied •  2012: 8 members of the Ug99 race group in 11 countries •  Spread throughout Africa and into Asia. Further spread very likely Dave Hodson, CIMMYT
Coordinate 3 Les Szabo, USDA-ARS
Ug99 RG Africa Asia Australia Europe North America South America A mul4faceted approach to fight stem rust Ug99 Understanding the pathogen Barberry-­‐the alternate host Barberry -­‐ the alternate host A mul4faceted approach to fight stem rust Ug99 Gene discovery Marker development Ug99-­‐family Resistance Loci (2008) Red genes are translocations or show reduced recombination
Green genes are APR loci
Black genes have normal recombination
Sr1A.1R
Sr27
Sr21
Sr26
Sr35
Sr22
Sr13
1A
2A
3A
Sr39
Sr40
4A
5A
6A
7A
5B
6B
7B
Sr2
Sr37
Sr28
2B
1B
Sr33
Sr45
Sr50
1D
3B
4B
Sr32
2D
3D
4D
Alien introgression with linkage drag
5D
6D
Sr42
Sr44
Sr29
Sr25
Sr43
7D
Ug99-­‐family Resistance Loci (2014) Red genes are translocations or show reduced recombination
Green genes are APR loci
Black genes have normal recombination
QTL
Sr1A.1R
Sr35
QTL
SrTm4
QTL
2A
3A
Sr39
Sr40
QTL
SrWeb
QTL
QTL
SrND643
4A
Sr2
Sr12
QTL
5A
2B
Sr1662
Sr33
Sr45
Sr50
QTL
Sr26
Sr52
Sr13
QTL
Sr22
Sr15
7A
QTL
QTL
Sr56
3B
Sr32
Sr46
4B
5B
6B
Sr51
3D
7B
Sr57
Sr44
Sr42
SrSha7
2D
QTL
6A
Sr37
QTL
1D
SrTr129
QTL
QTL
Sr28
Sr47
Sr58
1B
Sr27
Sr21
QTL
1A
QTL
QTL
Sr55
4D
SrAt6D
QTL
Sr53
SrC
5D
SrAt7D
QTL
Sr25
Sr43
Sr29
6D
7D
Ug99-­‐family Resistance Loci (2014) Red genes are translocations or show reduced recombination
Green genes are APR loci
Black genes have normal recombination
QTL
Sr1A.1R
Sr35
QTL
SrTm4
QTL
2A
3A
Sr39
Sr40
QTL
SrWeb
QTL
QTL
SrND643
4A
Sr2
Sr12
QTL
5A
2B
Sr1662
Sr33
Sr45
Sr50
QTL
Sr26
Sr52
Sr13
QTL
Sr22
Sr15
7A
QTL
QTL
Sr56
3B
Sr32
Sr46
4B
5B
6B
Sr51
3D
7B
Sr57
Sr44
Sr42
SrSha7
2D
QTL
6A
Sr37
QTL
1D
SrTr129
QTL
QTL
Sr28
Sr47
Sr58
1B
Sr27
Sr21
QTL
1A
QTL
QTL
Sr55
4D
SrAt6D
QTL
Sr53
SrC
5D
SrAt7D
QTL
Sr25
Sr43
Sr29
6D
7D
16 August 2013
Gene Stewardship A mul4faceted approach to fight stem rust Ug99 Breeding Breeding Kingbird, a good source of APR resistance. Courtesy of Ravi Singh, CIMMYT Ug99-­‐resistant wheat varie4es released or in advanced tests More varie4es expected to be released in 2013 Seed mul4plica4on and delivery 2010 Ethiopia Stripe Rust Epidemic Ethiopia: Less food for rusts? 2010
Yellow rust severity - surveys
Susceptible vs resistant cultivars - surveys
Dave Hodson, CIMMYT
Ethiopia: Less food for rusts? 2012
Yellow rust severity - surveys
Susceptible vs resistant cultivars - surveys
Dave Hodson, CIMMYT
USAID/USDA-­‐Pakistan Project Seher 2006
Common Pakistan variety: Susceptible to Ug99
NARC 2011
Recent Pakistan variety: Resistant to Ug99
AARI 2010
Recent Pakistan variety: Susceptible to Ug99
Selections
Breeding line heterogeneous for Ug99 resistance
Gender Capacity building The cri4cal screening facility in Njoro 1.  12 Hectares of land
available for screening
2.  Irrigation facility
3.  Greenhouse underway
4.  Trained personnel
• Over 300,000 accessions have been
evaluated so far
• Ability to evaluate 50,000 accessions
every year
Sridhar Bhavani, CIMMYT
Biosafety Level 3 Containment Facility University of Minnesota USDA-ARS
Cereal Disease Lab
2013 Ethiopia Stem Rust Epidemic Dave Hodson, CIMMYT
Borlaug Global Rust Initiative
Objective
The BGRI has the overarching objective of
systematically reducing the world’s
vulnerability to stem, yellow, and leaf rusts of
wheat and advocating/facilitating the
evolution of a sustainable international
system to contain the threat of wheat rusts
and continue the enhancements in
productivity required to withstand future
global threats to wheat.
Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, Njoro, Kenya