Forvaltningstiltak for sjøfuglbestander i Norge

Paul Shimmings
Consultant, BirdLife Norway
International Seabird seminar Runde, Norway 20 – 21 April 2015
Norsk Ornitologisk Forening – Foreningen for fuglevern
Photo ©: Ingar Jostein Øien
About BirdLife Norway









BirdLife Norway is the official English name of NOF
Founded in 1957
19 county branches, 50 local branches.
Ca. 600 people in various positions, mainly voluntary
Over 9000 members (2014)
12 employees
Secretariat has office in Trondheim
Annual turnover of over NOK 16 million
Four periodicals(Vår Fuglefauna, Fuglevennen,
Fugleåret, Ornis norvegica). Also local periodicals.
 Website www.birdlife.no
 Partner in BirdLife International (120 countries, 13
million members).
Norsk Ornitologisk Forening – Foreningen for fuglevern
Main vision:
• Viable popualtions of all bird species in a healthy environment.
Main aims:
• Birds and their environment shall be managed in a sustainable way.
• BirdLife Norway shall have good information on the occurrence
and the biology of all bird species in Norway.
• BirdLife Norway shall be a powerful and attractive organisation
with many active members.
• BirdLife Norway shall promote public involvement and play a
visible role within its core activities.
• BirdLife Norway shall have an active role in international bird
conservation.
Norsk Ornitologisk Forening – Foreningen for fuglevern
Norsk Ornitologisk Forening – Foreningen for fuglevern
Norsk Ornitologisk Forening – Foreningen for fuglevern
Norsk Ornitologisk Forening – Foreningen for fuglevern
• Velvet Scoter (EN) – breeds and winters in Norway - international
action plan almost complete – requires monitoring and conservation
measures in Norway.
• Steller’s Eider (VU) –winters in Norway – BirdLife Norway carry out
monitoring (financed by Norwegian Environment Agency)
• Long-tailed Duck (VU) – breeds and winters in Norway - international
action plan almost complete – requires monitoring and conservation
measures in Norway.
• Ivory Gull (NT), White-billed Diver (NT).
• 5 of 9 globally threatened bird species found in
Norskseabirds!
Ornitologisk Forening – Foreningen for fuglevern
Norway are
• Food shortages due to overfishing
•
•
•
•
and climate change.
Predation from American mink.
Disturbance in breeding colonies.
Bycatch from fisheries.
Petroleum operations.
Norsk Ornitologisk Forening – Foreningen for fuglevern
• National action plans for the most
threatened species.
• Establish flexible protected areas
where seabirds breed.
• Active measures against American
Mink (according to a national action
plan).
Norsk Ornitologisk Forening – Foreningen for fuglevern
• Specific action plan towards bycatches in
fisheries, in close cooperation with
commercial interests, as per EU plan.
Measures found to function well will
result in a «win-win» situation for both
the fishing industry and seabird
conservation.
• Management measures for mportant
prey fish species. Populations of several
important prey species are under their
natural levels due to overfishing.
Norsk Ornitologisk Forening – Foreningen for fuglevern
• Improved and better protection of
seabirds within existing protected areas.
• Implementing of monitoring and
conservation measures for globally
threatened seabird species (i.e.
seaducks).
• Avoid siting windfarms along important
migration routes or in important
feeding areas for seabirds.
Norsk Ornitologisk Forening – Foreningen for fuglevern
• Seabirds are considered important both
•
•
•
•
•
within the coastal culture and as part of
Norway’s national identity.
The public like seabirds.
Seabirds are a tourism resource.
Seabirds are a vital part of the marine
ecosystem.
Industries that negatively affect
seabirds need to improve their image.
Someone has to take the lead.
National and international obligations.
Norsk Ornitologisk Forening – Foreningen for fuglevern
• Identifying important sites for birds
and for biodiversity.
• Uses a standardised set of selection
criteria.
• Work led by local BirdLife Partner
wherever possible to ensure local and
up to date knowledge for each site.
Norsk Ornitologisk Forening – Foreningen for fuglevern
Twenty IBA criteria have been developed for the selection of IBAs in
Europe. These allow the identification of IBAs, based on a site’s
international importance for:
Threatened bird species
Congregatory bird species
Assemblages of restricted-range bird species
Assemblages of biome-restricted bird species
Criteria have been developed such that, by applying different
(‘staggered’) numerical thresholds, the international importance of a site
for a species may be categorized at three distinct geographical levels:
Global (‘A’ criteria)
European (‘B’ criteria)
European Union (‘C’ criteria)
Norsk Ornitologisk Forening – Foreningen for fuglevern
• Over 12,000 important sites for birds
and for biodiversity have been
identified, covering over 200
countries and territories.
Norsk Ornitologisk Forening – Foreningen for fuglevern
• As BirdLife International partner then
BirdLife Norway has the responsibility
to update the national portfolio over
Norwegian IBAs.
• Update completed spring 2015.
• To be published in BirdLife Norway’s
own report series.
Norsk Ornitologisk Forening – Foreningen for fuglevern
• As of 2015, Norway has a total of 93
IBAs, of which 76 are on the mainland
or adjacent coastal areas, and a further
17 are on Svalbard and Jan Mayen.
• A high proportion (33%) of Norwegian
IBAs are included on the national list
on the basis of their importance for
seabirds alone.
Norsk Ornitologisk Forening – Foreningen for fuglevern
Norsk Ornitologisk Forening – Foreningen for fuglevern
Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (IBAer) i Norge
Oddvar Heggøy, Ingar Jostein Øien, Tomas Aarvak
Norsk Ornitologisk Forening – Foreningen for fuglevern
Norsk Ornitologisk Forening – Foreningen for fuglevern
Site info:
NO040: Runde
62° 23' 56.25" N
5° 37' 23.19" Ø
Areal: 95,2 km2
Fylke: Møre & Romsdal
Kommune: Herøy, Ulstein
Norsk Ornitologisk Forening – Foreningen for fuglevern
Site description:
Runde er ei relativt stor øy i havgapet ca. 3 mil vest for Ålesund, og er landets største
sjøfuglkoloni sør for Nordland (Betten & Eriksen 2013). De største hekkeforekomstene
finnes langs øyas vest- og nordside, som også er de bratteste delene av øya. En del
steinur finnes også i de bratte skråningene, mens toppen av øya er gresskledt og relativt
flat. Mye av øya beites av sau. Hele øya og omkringliggende havområder er vernet som
fuglefredningsområde, og IBA-grensene er identiske med dette verneområdet.
Bestandene av havsule og storjo Stercorarius skua er i økning på Runde (SEAPOP 2014a,
A.O. Folkestad pers. medd.), men for en rekke andre arter er hekkesuksessen dårlig og
bestandene i fritt fall. Dette gjelder i første rekke krykkje, lomvi og lunde, men også
havhest Fulmaris glacialis, toppskarv og alke sliter kraftig (Betten & Eriksen 2013).
Trusler er hovedsakelig forbundet med dårlig næringstilgang, fremtidige oljeutslipp og
klimaendringer, men en viss trussel utgjøres nok også av ferdsel i koloniene i hekketida.
Norsk Ornitologisk Forening – Foreningen for fuglevern
Site
photo:
Havsula er en av få arter som har hatt en positiv bestandsutvikling på Runde det siste tiåret. Bildet viser
havsulekolonien på Rundebranden. Foto: Ingar Støyle Bringsvor
Norsk Ornitologisk Forening – Foreningen for fuglevern
Table important bird species:
Art
Årstid/Status
År
Pop min
Pop maks
Nøyaktighet
Kriterier
Havsule
Hekkende
2013
3100 par
3100 par
God
B1ii, B3
Toppskarv
Hekkende
20102013
350 par
1200 par
God
A4i, B1i, B3
Alke
Hekkende
2013
1000 par
1000 par
Medium
B1ii
Lunde
Hekkende
2013
50 000 par
70 000 par
Medium
A4ii, B1ii,
B2
Samlegruppe
sjøfugl
Hekkende
20102013
55 000 par
75 000 par
Medium
A4iii
Norsk Ornitologisk Forening – Foreningen for fuglevern
The following seabird species in particular meet IBA-criteria in
Norway, Svalbard & Jan Mayen:
• Great Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo
• European Shag Phalacrocorax aristotelis
• Black-legged Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla
• Atlantic Puffin Fratercula arctica
• Razorbill Alca torda
• Brunnich’s Guillemot Uria lomvia
Norsk Ornitologisk Forening – Foreningen for fuglevern
Norsk Ornitologisk Forening – Foreningen for fuglevern
Norsk Ornitologisk Forening – Foreningen for fuglevern
In addition to seabirds, the following bird species in particular
meet IBA-criteria in Norway, Svalbard & Jan Mayen:
• Pink-footed Goose Anser brachyrhynchus
• Barnacle Goose Branta leucopsis
• Greylag Goose Anser anser
• Lesser White-fronted Goose Anser erythropus
• Slavonian Grebe Podiceps auritus
• Long-tailed Duck Clangula hyemalis
• Common Eider Somateria mollissima
• Velvet Scoter Melanitta fusca
Norsk Ornitologisk Forening – Foreningen for fuglevern
• Just under 40% of Norwegian IBAs can be considered to be
satisfactorily protected (nature reserves, bird sanctuaries).
• Additionally, some sites overlap only partly with existing
protected areas, and in several cases there is a need to extend
the boundaries to include specific areas meeting one or more
of the IBA-criteria.
• Around 14% of Norwegian IBAs do not overlap with existing
protected areas, although many of these are new sites added
in 2014, and a large majority of the sites newly added to the
list have no previous form of protection.
Norsk Ornitologisk Forening – Foreningen for fuglevern
• …there is a gradual transition to a
monitoring phase for all Norwegian
IBAs.
• ….monitoring will mainly be carried
out on a voluntary basis by BirdLife
Norway’s own members.
Norsk Ornitologisk Forening – Foreningen for fuglevern
Will we see young
Arctic Terns in the future?
Norsk Ornitologisk Forening – Foreningen for fuglevern
Norsk Ornitologisk Forening – Foreningen for fuglevern