Here - Comex
Transcription
Here - Comex
CONTENTS 6 SPECIAL REPORT SCORPÈNE Comex accompanies the first dives of the Tunku Abdul Rahman 10 INTERVIEW ÉRIC LAVOLÉE Executive Director of the SCORPÈNE MALAYSIA Project “A successful collaboration” 12 TRAVEL © Europacorp © Thierry Parel - Rolex SOUTHERN CORSICA Unrivalled beauty 4 &14 NEWS Responsible Publisher: Michèle Fructus Editor-in-Chief: Frédéric Gauch Editor: Martin Greenfire Photo credits: Thierry Parel, Rolex, Comex, Marc Delauze, Jean Maris LIOT for DCNS, Europacorp This magazine was designed and produced by MAYA press www.mayapress.net - Phone 0811 651 605 FOREWORD J ust as this third issue of Comex Magazine goes to press, an important matter is playing out near the Vieux-Port, in the waters of the Marseille Calanques, which Comex’s vessels and divers know so well. For nearly 10 years now, a public interest group has been taking an in-depth look at the wildlife, flora, hills and depths of this vast coastal and maritime area covering 4,000 hectares. This is where, by 2010, the Calanques National Park should be established. And it will be the first nature park to be founded by the government in a very long time, as most French national parks were established in the 60’s and 70’s. More important still, it will be Europe’s first nature park near a city, with this dual identity encompassing both land and sea. Its creation is a sure thing, as the Calanques National Park is covered by the French “Grenelle” environmental initiative. However, its exact perimeter still needs to be determined. More specifically, the “core zone” (where the level of protection will be the highest) and the “partnership zone” (where the protective measures may be reviewed periodically) need to be defined. This is a key issue for Henri Germain DELAUZE all the enthusiastic participants, including CEO scientists, fishermen, residents, property owners, walkers, boaters and many others who have contributed to this wonderful effort. But the marine and underwater boundaries of this superb project must not be forgotten. Because, if the Calanques Mountains do indeed deserve every consideration, from Marseille to the neighboring city of La Ciotat and from the islands of Maïre to Riou, the seabed and waters also deserve a better fate than the one they have been subjected to for the past century. Like so many Marseille residents who love their city and its environment, Comex and its staff look forward eagerly to this outcome. 3 © Rolex © Thierry Parel - Rolex NEWSNEWSNEWSNEWSNEWSNE -3,900 m Rolex forever The iconic watches featuring the famous five-pointed crown progress imperceptibly towards evermore accuracy, reliability and performance. This is also the case for the dive watches made by the famous Geneva watchmaker, to which Comex has long contributed its experience of the sea’s extreme depths, and with which Comex shares its taste for technical exploits. A brief history One hundred years ago this year, Wilsdorf & Davies filed the “Rolex” brand name, on July 2, 1908. With the impact of its three consonants and two vowels, the Rolex name perfectly meets all the criteria that still ensure the brand’s success. The choice of the name given by Hans Wilsdorf was, indeed, a good one. It is short (just five letters long), easy to pronounce in every country and in every language, pleasing to the ear (like the tic-tock of the seconds hand), easy to remember and aesthetically pleasing when printed on a dial. Half a century later, in the speech he gave for the brand’s fiftieth anniversary, Hans Wilsdorf told the true story. “It was one morning, when I was sitting on the upper level of a double-decker powered at that time by horses, driving along Cheapside, in London, that a good genie whispered to my ear: «Rolex». A few days after this fruitful journey, the Rolex brand was filed, and then officially registered in Switzerland by Wilsdorf & Davies”. In 1913, the name was filed internationally and, today, the crown brand is known, renowned and duly registered around the world. “ A WATCH CAPABLE OF SUBMERGING TO DEPTHS OF NEARLY 4,000 METERS Thirty-seven years after the very first model was released, itself derived from the ultra-famous Submariner, the Rolex Sea Dweller has undergone new developments. Its name: Oyster Perpetual Sea-Dweller DeepSea. Featuring a new case architecture, the Ring Lock System, it has pushed back the limits of waterproofing even further. It is capable of withstanding the extreme pressure of 390 atmospheres, the equivalent of what is found at 3,900 meters under the water’s surface. Still equipped with the famous Gas Escape Valve, a device that lets internal overpressure escape, developed in partnership with Comex, The first Sea Dweller DeepSea watches were delivered in September 2008. 4 ” the Sea Dweller DeepSea is a genuine nugget of Rolex’s know-how, capability for innovation and unrivalled mastery of watchmaking technology. Other new features were developed for this exceptional watch. These include a sapphire crystal that is slightly domed and considerably thicker than in previous models, a case-back in titanium alloy with very high mechanical strength and a redesigned clasp, the Glidelock, which enables divers wearing neoprene wetsuits to adjust the strap in a flash. As for the Ring Lock System, which is this watch’s principal innovation, it is made of a high-performance stainless-steel ring alloyed with nitrogen. Placed inside the watchcase, between the sapphire crystal and the case-back, this ring withstands the phenomenal pressure to which the whole watch can safely be subjected. TELEX ı PULLING OUT ALL THE STOPS TO TEST THE NEW WATCH. Rolex entrusted Comex with the task of designing and manufacturing the hyperbaric chamber that serves to test each Sea Dweller DeepSea to a depth of 480 atmospheres. Delivered recently to the prestigious watchmaker in Geneva, this chamber consists of a high-performance single-piece stainless-steel tank, capable of creating the ambient pressure that reigns at 4,875 meters, or a level 25% deeper than the new watch’s rated capability. At this level, the water column exerts a pressure equivalent to a weight of 4 tons, bearing down on the crystal, the winder and the case-back. As they emerge from the workshop, batches of 10 Sea Dweller DeepSea watches are put through extremely stringent testing in this new, exclusive equipment. Each watch takes an hour and a half of testing to complete a full cycle. deeper The first flagship brands filed by Hans Wilsdorf ROLEX OYSTER 1908 1926 EXPLORER SUBMARINER 1953 1954 OYSTER PERPETUAL AIR KING DATEJUST TURN-O-GRAPH 1939 1943 1944 1953 MILGAUSS GMT-MASTER DAY-DATE 1954 1955 1958 “ It took three years of research to develop the new Sea Dweller DeepSea. ” ROLEX AND COMEX Everybody appreciates the quality and robustness of Rolex watches. And then there are Rolex fans who absolutely worship their watches, and especially certain models, including the Submariner and the Sea Dweller, featuring Comex’s white logo on their dials. These watches have another characteristic: a special Rolex Comex serial number engraved on the case-back. Initially designed for the company’s divers, for whom they are a real tool, these watches very quickly interested the collectors and purists of the Swiss brand. As HenriGermain Delauze remarked in the magazine published by Rolex - which just dedicated four pages to him - “A hydrogen diver just can’t survive without his Rolex”. Comex first began collaborating with the Genevabased watchmaker at the very beginning of the 70’s, on the initiative of André Heiniger. All the divers were equipped with the timepieces progressively, thanks to a successful cooperation between the two companies. Over the years, the watches engraved with the Comex name have fostered technological innovations, the most famous of which remains the gas escape valve that is such a crucial feature on the watches of divers doing saturation diving. These limited-series items have become an amazingly hot item amongst collectors. 5 SPECIAL REPORT: SCORPÈNE COMEX ACCOMPANIES THE FIRST DIVES OF THE TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN This year, on behalf of the DCNS (French naval shipbuilder), Comex conducted an escort, surveillance and security mission for a new vessel, the submarine Tunku Abdul Rahman, which is performing its first sea trials. This is the first of two Scorpène submarines that the DCNS is going to supply to the Royal Malaysian Navy. SPECIAL REPORT: SCORPÈNE 45 The Tunku Abdul Rahman can remain submerged for 45 days in a row. THE SCORPÈNE SUBMARINE With ten units sold worldwide, the Scorpène has risen to genuine prominence on the international market. A contract with Chile was completed in December 2005 with the delivery of the O’Higgins, and in December 2006 with that of the Carrera. Moreover, these first deliveries made it possible to demonstrate the exceptional qualities of the vessels, thereby confirming DCNS’ high level of expertise. The trials on the two units for Malaysia are taking place in the shipbuilding yards of Cherbourg and Cartagena. Six other Scorpène submarines have been ordered by the Indian Navy. With the Scorpène submarine, DCNS is able to meet the operational needs of different navies and provide them with 8 “ The Scorpène is based on a design developed from the new generation of French nuclear submarines. ” the best technology, at a competitive price, with a reduced total cost of ownership. The Scorpène is a new type of conventional-propulsion submarine (diesel-electric or hybrid), designed for surface and submarine attacks, special operations and training. It is based on a design developed from the latest generation of French nuclear submarines, thus benefiting from the most cutting-edge technology available on the conventional submarine market today. THE CONSTRUCTION OF A SCORPÈNE A contract was signed on June 5, 2002 for the supply of two Scorpène class submarines and the provision of logistical and training services. DCNS is in charge of the project management of the program. The highly resistant hull of the two submarines is made in four sections by DCNS in Cherbourg, thus enabling block construction. This modular concept enables Navantia to manufacture and assemble the various pieces of equipment comprising the rear section of the two submarines in Cartagena, while DCNS Cherbourg performs the same tasks for the front, including, amongst other things, the attack system. The rear section of the first submarine completed in this way was then transferred to Cherbourg to be joined with the front, and the front section of the second submarine was transferred to Cartagena for final assembly. The first submarine, the Tunku Abdul Rahman, was delivered on January 25, 2009, and its sister ship, the Tun Razak, is scheduled for completion on October 25, 2009. © Jean Marie LIOT for DCNS CHARACTERISTICS 67.5 meters 6.2 meters 12.3 meters Length Diameter Height Submerged displacement Diving depth Maximum speed 1,790 to 2,010 tons Greater than 300 meters Greater than 20 knots submerged Type of propulsion Diesel-electric 50 days of patrol Endurance Crew complement 31 SUBTICS® Tactical Integrated Combat System and other equipment 6 torpedo launchers Sensors Armament “ With ten units sold worldwide, the Scorpène has risen to genuine prominence on the international market. ” INTERVIEW WITH A SPECIALIST ÉRIC LAVOLÉE EXECUTIVE PROJECT DIRECTOR FOR THE SCORPÈNE MALAYSIA PROJECT Having an iron fist in a velvet glove, a highly professional approach recognized by his peers and an innate sense of organization has enabled Eric Lavolée to take a high-speed career track. At the head of the Scorpène project at DCNS in Cherbourg, he is successfully conducting this world-class operation involving French/Spanish cooperation on a contract designed for the Royal Malaysian Navy. Here is Comex Magazine’s interview with him. “A successful collaboration” PROFILE Born on September 18, 1962, Eric Lavolée is married and has a 9-year old child. A graduate of ENSIETA, a prestigious French engineering school, he was promoted in 2000 to the position of Principal Armament Engineer based on recruitment by competitive examination. He is presently Head Armament Engineer on detached duty. His career path is impressive. Between Cherbourg and Toulon, he participated in the refit operation of the ballistic missile submarine “Le Terrible”. He was in charge of the maintenance in operational conditions of aircraft carriers Foch and Clémenceau. He also contributed to the maintenance in operational conditions of major ships during the Kosovo conflict and participated in disarming the Clémenceau. Between 2000 and 2002, he was the Chief Designer for aircraft carrier no. 2 and for the Scorpène. He is currently Executive Project Director for the Scorpènes intended for Malaysia. 10 “ For several months, Comex and DCNS have been involved in a successful collaboration on the trial phase of two new submarines built in Cherbourg. Could you explain your role in this operation? I am directing the construction of two Scorpène class submarines ordered by the Royal Malaysian Navy. My mission consists of supervising all the stages, from the design to the procurement, including the construction and final acceptance of the submarines. In parallel with this construction project, as the Malaysians have never had a submarine fleet, DCNS is also having the crews trained onboard a decommissioned submarine of the French Navy, the Ouessant, and then on a specially designed simulator. Maintenance training is also included. This is all part of the contracts signed in 2002 with Malaysia. When is delivery of the first boat to take place? The first submarine, named Tunku Abdul Rahman in October, 2007, will be presented for acceptance by the client during what is called the “physical hand-over”, scheduled for January 25, 2009. We are now in the home stretch. Indeed, after undergoing ten days, the submarine will head to Lorient to perform a few additional tests in the Atlantic Ocean. What did your teams bring away from this experience of collaborating with Comex? Janus II enabled our crews to embark both on the submarine and on its escort vessel. It even went the extra mile, as it implemented special sensors to help us conduct certain tests. All this made for a successful collaboration. The Scorpène is available in three categories: the compact, the basic and the basic AIP. Which category does the Tunku Abdul Rahman belong to? 3million that’s the number of work hours allocated just for DCNS’s portion of the Malaysian Scorpène program. the engineering tests, the submarine was dry-docked for corrective and preventive maintenance required to upgrade its installations and take account of the comments and observations that were made during the test phases and some 400 hours of diving. Now, the Tunku Abdul Rahman is taking to the sea again for its official trial period, which will end in the Mediterranean. In fact, the Tunku Abdul Rahman is a conventional Scorpène submarine. The Royal Malaysian Navy is the second country after Chile to purchase Scorpènes. There are obviously differences between the Chilean and Malaysian ships, which depend both on the clients’ needs and developments in the world of submarines. In the period of time between the orders being placed by these two countries, the dramatic sinking of the Koursk occurred. Navies worldwide were alerted to safety issues. This was even more evident for Malaysia, which is discovering the world of submarines. This is why the Tunku Abdul Rahman has a small extra section in the middle, of utmost importance. It is called a “cofferdam”, a resistant compartment that splits the submarine into two independent watertight parts, and which features the air-aided escape system. How is the second ship coming along? Number 2 was started at the same time as number 1, so it is well advanced. Navantia, our Spanish partner, is currently starting trials on it in Cartagena. It should be delivered to the Royal Malaysian Navy nine months after the Tunku Abdul Rahman. Are you looking forward to taking to the sea again for the final stage of trials on the Tunku Abdul Rahman? Yes, I can’t wait. This submarine, I witnessed its birth. From the moment when its first piece of sheet metal was cut, in February 2003, to its first dive, I have watched it progress, step by step. Like a child? At the beginning of the year, the Janus II, Comex’s flagship, was chartered to the Tunku Abdul Rahman. What was its mission? Janus II had to accompany and escort the Tunku Abdul Rahman during its engineering tests in Lorient. Comex’s vessel was a reassuring presence for everyone during the trials. It was comforting to know that there was a surface ship, with all the necessary resources, ready to signal the slightest problem. But the ship’s job doesn’t end there, as it will continue to escort the submarine during the final trials in the Mediterranean. The role of Janus II will be exactly the same, except that the final trials will be conducted in Toulon, with the same contributions for the trials. Prior to going to Toulon in about True enough, something like that, even if it’s rather pretentious to say so. I witnessed its first moves on the slipway when it rolled out of its assembly shed. Next, we gave it its first bath. Then it learned how to dive…And now, we have to teach it to submerge for extended periods of time. When did you live your greatest emotion with it? Definitely when we brought it to its maximum depth in March, this year. A very special moment... 11 TRAVEL SOUTHERN CORSICA: UNRIVALLED BEAUTY Corsica, with its incomparable beauty, intoxicating fragrances and turquoise waters, has long been one of the favorite p l a y i n g f i e l d s f o r C o m e x ’s vessels. The Minibex and its crew have carried out countless missions of all k i n d s t h e r e. E s p e c i a l l y i n Southern Corsica, between B o n i f a c i o, p e rch e d a t o p i t s narrow limestone cliffs, and the famous Lavezzi Islands, a very important nature BONIFACIO: “THE CITY OF CLIFFS” reserve for any diving The upper city, with its buildings balancing on the edge of a 223-foot-high cliff, seems to be standing by virtue of a miracle; at least, this is the impression you get when you approach it from the sea. You can also discern a sharp, narrow recess cut into the limestone wall, going down to the water at an angle of about 45 degrees. This is the staircase of the King of Aragon, with its 187 steps carved into the cliff. Legend has it that it was built overnight by the troops of King Alfonso V the Magnanimous, during the siege of Bonifacio in 1420. However, it is more likely that this staircase was built over a longer period of time by Franciscan monks, who wanted to reach a spring of drinking water situated at the foot of the staircase. enthusiast keen on beauty. 12 IN THE LAVEZZI ISLANDS, PEACE AND PLEASURE The Lavezzi Islands are located halfway between Sardinia and Corsica, in the Strait of Bonifacio. There are many wrecks lying under the surface of the crystalclear waters surrounding them. In particular, the Sémillante, one of the last French wooden sailing frigates, which had set sail to give assistance to the French troops engaged in the Crimean War. In the night of February 15, 1855, the French ship was caught in a storm of extreme violence and sank on one of the reefs of the Lavezzi Islands, taking down with it the 301 sailors and 392 soldiers onboard. After the sinking, two cemeteries were opened and a pyramid was built in 1856, at the summit of Mount Achiarino in the southwest of the archipelago. But there is more to the Lavezzi Islands than this. First and foremost, it is a nature reserve of which Henri Delauze was one of the discoverers. A paradise for divers, with, amongst other things, Mérouville, a place where you can swim alongside groupers quite freely. It is also a haven of peace for walkers, who can visit the island by taking the numerous trails blazed through the vegetation. Carved into granite, the Lavezzi Isles are made up of about a hundred small islands. They feature small beaches with crystalline blue water and small coves where boats anchor. For walkers and swimmers, make sure to protect yourself from the brilliant sunlight, because there are not many shady places. If you have no boat to get there, shuttles leave from Bonifacio on a regular basis. So remember to pack some sunscreen, a hat and water, and set off for an adventure on the sunbathed trails. Lay down your towel on the white sand of the island’s many beaches and have a dive in the turquoise waters of the Mediterranean. THE UPPER CITY PLACES TO GO > Tourist Office of Bonifacio Rue Fred Scamaroni 20169 Bonifacio Phone 04 95 73 11 88 Fax 04 95 73 14 97 [email protected] http://www.bonifacio.fr > Restaurants Stella d’Oro Chez Jules 7 Rue d’Oria Haute ville Bonifacio Phone 04 95 73 03 63 [email protected] http://www.bonifacio.com/stella.oro/ Cantina Grill 3 Quai Bando Del Ferro on le Goulet after Montée Rastello Phone 04 95 70 49 86 [email protected] Le Comptoir Bonifacien 9 Rue saint Jean Baptiste Bonifacio Phone 04 95 73 58 54 The port of Bonifacio is hidden in a deep natural inlet. A first small cove enables ships to drop anchor, while the port itself continues farther inland, protected by the imposing citadel of the upper city. In summertime, the traditional fishing boats keep company with luxury yachts. The harbor is full of restaurants and souvenir shops. You can’t go to Bonifacio without climbing up the Rastello Steps (Montée Rastello), and then the Saint-Roch Steps (Montée Saint-Roch), which will lead you to the drawbridge of the Porte de Gênes (Genoa Gate), built in 1588. Bonifacio initially flourished in the shelter of its fortifications. It is thus naturally in the upper city that you find the vestiges of its millennial past. As soon as you go through the monumental gate, you are on the Place d’Armes, in the old city of Bonifacio. It will take you a while to discover the hidden treasures of the city, such as the Bastion de l’Etendard, dating from the 16th century, the Rue des Deux-Empereurs, Rue Charles-Quint and Rue Napoléon-Bonaparte, where you will be able to admire the many aqueducts overlooking the narrow streets. These were used for collecting rainwater and transporting it to the Cisterna, the drinking “ The buildings of the upper city seem to be miraculously clinging to the limestone cliff. ” water reservoir that was so crucial during sieges. The house of the Podestat, the governor of the city during the Genoa period, and SainteMarie Majeure Church, which is the oldest building in Bonifacio, are also important sights to take in. Finally, at the southern tip of the promontory, you’ll find a naval cemetery, windmills dating back to the 12th century, and, above all, a spectacular view of the Strait of Bonifacio and Sardinia, just opposite. And if you’re feeling brave, make your way down the steps of the King of Aragon staircase, but beware: you’ll have to climb all the way back up afterwards! [email protected] 13 NEWSNEWSNEWSNEWSNEWSNE “Hublot”, the first novel by Marc Delauze, published by Société des Ecrivains. In this page-turner, the fine seagoing vessels, Janus IV, Rémora 2000 and Achille the ROV, play a starring role. Books not to be missed “Ténèbres Océanes, le triomphe de la vie dans les abysses”, by Lucien Laubier, published by Buchet Chastel Ecologie The DGA chooses the Comex/Foselev consortium for the maintenance of Cap Ferrat’s monitoring system. The consortium comprising Comex (lead company) and Foselev (joint venturer with the vessel Castor II) has been chosen by the General Armament Delegation (DGA) of the French Defense Ministry to carry out maintenance on the underwater monitoring system of Cap Ferrat, for a five-year period. The service consists of lifting and reinstalling submerged acoustic lines. LOTS GOING ON AT LA PROVENCE NEWSPAPER The journalist Hervé Vaudoit, who was a star reporter at the La Provence newspaper during the Saint-Exupéry affair, is back in Marseille. After staying on the investigation from start to finish and then writing a book about this incredible adventure - “Saint-Ex, La Fin du Mystère”, co-authored by Alexis Rosenfeld and Philippe Castellano and published by Filipacchi in 2004 - he had been appointed Edition Editor of La Provence in Aix-enProvence. Early September, he was promoted to the position of head of the “Economy, Social and Environment” section of the Marseille daily. He is working with three other journalists interested in the sea and the corporate world: Philippe Gallini, Jean-Luc Crozel and Valérie Simonet, whose serious, professional approach has always been admired by Comex. All the employees of the Compagnie Maritime d’Expertise, as well as the editorial staff of Comex Magazine, wish this new team and its boss much success and achievement. COMEX ON THE CUTTING EDGE FOR CYBERNETIX A campaign designed to validate the optimization of a tool for cleaning seismic cables was conducted last June onboard the Minibex, for Cybernetix, a company specializing in automatic control and robotics. This operation concerned equipment belonging to the geophysics company, CGG Veritas. This new tool, called NST, was developed by Cybernetix. It will make it possible to maintain the performance level of seismic imaging tools designed for offshore oil surveying. The NST, propelled exclusively by the pressure of its flow resistance, passes along a seismic cable at a depth of 2 or 3 meters, and has to clear the various subassemblies that comprise the cable, such as the seismic birds (positioning devices), canisters, ballasts, etc. The tests were conducted on a seismic cable towed by Comex’s boat. The client (who was present) was able to observe the ease of use and excellent handling of the device on the seismic cable. The cleanup operation itself will be checked soon, under actual operating conditions. This operation will be performed onboard a ship of the CGG Veritas fleet, in warm waters where marine encrustations, such as goose barnacles, develop very quickly, to the detriment of the performance levels of acoustic devices. INAUGURATION OF THE CHAMBER AT SAINTE-ANNE MILITARY HOSPITAL IN TOULON The hyperbaric chamber of the Sainte-Anne Military Hospital has just been installed in its new premises, in Toulon (Var). The inauguration ceremony for these new systems, held on May 21st, was attended by many important civilian and military guests. Comex’s role in this project was to extract the chamber from its initial location, totally overhaul it from a technical standpoint and then install it in its new home, custom-designed at Sainte-Anne Hospital. A new, fully automated control console 14 has replaced the old one, and the interior equipment has been completely redone and updated. Since it was restarted on May 1st, the hyperbaric center has successfully performed, in these new installations made and maintained by Comex, some forty treatments for diving accidents, about fifteen treatments for intoxications and daily treatments for chronic conditions. Lights, camera, action at Comex HEALTH Djibouti receives its hyperbaric chamber The Balbala Hospital received the keys to its Comex hyperbaric chamber on June 21st, during an inaugural ceremony presided over by the President of the Republic of Djibouti, Ismail Omar Guelleh. In the presence of several members of the government gathered around the Chief of State, Dr Madian Mohamed Saïd, Chief of Medicine Hyperbaric Department of Balbala Hospital, emphasized in his speech that Djibouti is now the only country in this part of Africa to have this type of equipment. © Europacorp A few night scenes of the movie “Transporter 3”, directed by Olivier Mégaton and starring Jason Statham, Robert Knepper and François Berléand, were shot last spring in Comex’s pool at its headquarters in Marseille. The movie is scheduled for release in North America on November 26, 2008. A mysterious world in the Lacaze-Duthiers Canyon in Banyuls-sur-Mer. The oceanographic observatory of the Arago Laboratory chose the Minibex, one of Comex’s oceanographic vessels, to perform a survey of the underwater canyon, Lacaze-Duthiers, some thirty kilometers offshore from Banyuls-surMer (eastern Pyrenees). The purpose of this operation was to take an inventory of the wildlife and flora living in this canyon, so as to develop scientific research there and establish long-term monitoring of the biodiversity. Onboard Minibex, about fifteen specialists from the observatory mapped the zones to be studied. The results obtained far exceeded the scientists’ hopes. Rarely observed up till now, the grenadier, a deep-sea fish, was SURVEILLANCE OF ALCAN’S GARDANNE PIPELINES photographed in its natural environment. Comex has just completed a rigorous inspection of the seven kilometers of underwater pipeline of the Alcan alumina refinery in Gardanne (near Marseille). This piping carries the bauxite residues produced by the plant to an outlet, where they are discharged at a depth of 300 meters, in the Cassidaigne Trench, offshore from Cassis Harbor. This operation is repeated every five years with Comex’s technical resources, pursuant to French legislation. at a depth of 600 meters. This coral had This project also enabled deep cold water coral to be found and located with precision, already been observed in 1964 during a mission by Jacques-Yves Cousteau with the famous Calypso. Lucien Laubier, a pillar of the Marseille Oceanography Center, passed away on June 15 at the age of 71. His passing deprives the international scientific community of a very great oceanographer. As talented as he was passionate, this pioneer had an especially rich career, participating actively in the adventure of deep-sea diving with scientific divers. A high-level professor, over the course of his scientific career, he penned many books that are internationally considered as benchmarks. 15
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