ingilizce 5 - Hayat Boyu Öğrenme Genel Müdürlüğü

Transcription

T.C.
MİLLÎ EĞİTİM BAKANLIĞI
AÇIK ÖĞRETİM OKULLARI
AÇIK ÖĞRETİM LİSESİ – MESLEKİ AÇIK ÖĞRETİM LİSESİ
İNGİLİZCE
5
DERS NOTU
YAZARLAR
İrfan BAYGÜL
Gürsel YEŞİLOĞLU
ANKARA 2013
MEB HAYAT BOYU ÖĞRENME GENEL MÜDÜRLÜĞÜ YAYINLARI
AÇIK ÖĞRETİM OKULLARI DERS NOTLARI DİZİSİ
Copyright © MEB
Her hakkı saklıdır ve Millî Eğitim Bakanlığına aittir. Tümü ya da bölümleri izin
alınmadan hiçbir şekilde çoğaltılamaz, basılamaz ve dağıtılamaz.
Yazar
: İrfan BAYGÜL / Gürsel YEŞİLOĞLU
Grafik
: Hatice DEMİRER
Resimleme: Sevgi MERT
Kapak
: Güler ALTUNÖZ
ATATÜRK'ÜN
GENÇL‹⁄E H‹TABES‹
Ey Türk gençli¤i! Birinci vazifen, Türk istiklâlini, Türk
cumhuriyetini, ilelebet, muhafaza ve müdafaa etmektir.
Mevcudiyetinin ve istikbalinin yegâne temeli budur. Bu
temel, senin, en k›ymetli hazinendir. ‹stikbalde dahi, seni, bu
hazineden, mahrum etmek isteyecek, dahilî ve haricî,
bedhahlar›n olacakt›r. Bir gün, istiklâl ve cumhuriyeti müdafaa
mecburiyetine düflersen, vazifeye at›lmak için, içinde
bulunaca¤›n vaziyetin imkân ve fleraitini düflünmeyeceksin!
Bu imkân ve flerait, çok nâmüsait bir mahiyette tezahür
edebilir. ‹stiklâl ve cumhuriyetine kastedecek düflmanlar,
bütün dünyada emsali görülmemifl bir galibiyetin mümessili
olabilirler. Cebren ve hile ile aziz vatan›n, bütün kaleleri zapt
edilmifl, bütün tersanelerine girilmifl, bütün ordular› da¤›t›lm›fl
ve memleketin her köflesi bilfiil iflgal edilmifl olabilir. Bütün bu
fleraitten daha elîm ve daha vahim olmak üzere, memleketin
dahilinde, iktidara sahip olanlar gaflet ve dalâlet ve hattâ
h›yanet içinde bulunabilirler. Hattâ bu iktidar sahipleri flahsî
menfaatlerini, müstevlilerin siyasî emelleriyle tevhit edebilirler.
Millet, fakr u zaruret içinde harap ve bîtap düflmüfl olabilir.
Ey Türk istikbalinin evlâd›! ‹flte, bu ahval ve flerait içinde
dahi, vazifen; Türk istiklâl ve cumhuriyetini kurtarmakt›r! Muhtaç
oldu¤un kudret, damarlar›ndaki asîl kanda, mevcuttur!
..
MUSTAFA KEMAL ATATURK
İÇİNDEKİLER
UNIT ONE
NATURE AND ENVIRONMENT
Our Future _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11
Simple Past Tense & Past Continuous Tense _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16
Test _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25
UNIT TWO
JOBS
Memories _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33
The Present Perfect Tense_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37
Used to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 48
Test _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 53
UNIT THREE
TECHNOLOGY
Inventions _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 61
Simple Future Tense_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 65
Tag Questions _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 71
Test _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 76
UNIT FOR
OUR WORLD
(Life in Big Cities)_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 83
Comparative Adjectives And Adverbs _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 87
Test _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 100
BIBLIOGRAPHY _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 105
UNIT ONE CEVAP ANAHTARI _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 106
UNIT TWO CEVAP ANAHTARI _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 108
UNIT THREE CEVAP ANAHTARI _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 111
UNIT FOUR CEVAP ANAHTARI _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 114
UNIT ONE
NATURE AND ENVIROMENT
(DOĞA VE ÇEVRE)
İNGİLİZCE FIVE (İNGİLİZCE 5)
NELER ÖĞRENECEĞİZ?
Bu ünitenin sonunda;
1. Doğa ve Çevre ile ilgili bir okuma parçasını okuyup anlayabilecek ,konu ile ilgili
soruları cevaplandırabilecek,
2. Geçmişte olmuş bitmiş bir eylemi anlatabilecek,
3. Geçmişte yaptığımız bir eylem sırasında meydana gelen başka bir eylemi ifade
edebileceksiniz.
NASIL ÇALIŞMALIYIZ
ūū Konuyu dikkatle okuyunuz.
ūū Konuda geçen yeni kelimeleri öğreniniz.
ūū Konu içinde karşılaştığınız yeni kavramları öğreniniz.
ūū Alıştırmaları yapmadan önce örnekleri dikkatle inceleyiniz.
ūū Alıştırmaları ve testleri çözdükten sonra kontrol edip yanlış yaptığınız alıştırmaları ve testlerin konularına tekrar çalışınız.
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Part One
Our Future (Geleceğimiz)
The development of
the tecnology made our
life easier but it brought
also some disadvantages
to our lives. Our life style
has changed since the development of tecnology.
People began to live in
big cities instead of rural
areas. Small towns and villages began to disappear
slowly.
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Enviromental pollution is not only a problem in our country but it is a big
problem all over the world. People began to live in big cities. Every day the rushing hour is a big problem for all of us. Everywhere are buildings, it is difficult to
see green areas in big cities. Years ago there were not such big cities. To make new
buildings mankind began to cut the forests and made modern buildings. At first
they were not aware of the danger they caused to the nature. People said it was
just a few trees they cut. Later, it was understood that it was not only the trees but it
was the future of mankind they cut. Can you imagine that there were forests in the
Central Anatolia Region in the past? But now there is not.
Global warming, air pollution, wasting and luxury, desertation, asit rain has
has ruined the nature. We have destroyed the balance of nature. By cutting the trees
some animals and plants have become extinct. Immediate precautions should be
taken for it.
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Cutting the forests, polluting the air and water will bring the end of the world.
We have to give seminars and make campaigns to make people aware of nature
and enviroment. People have to protect the natural resources. Otherwise we won’t
have air to breathe.
Some projects have
been made by volunteers with the support
of Turkish Scientific and
Tecnological Research institution (TÜBİTAK). Some
students choosen from
high schools went to Yedigöller region last summer and examined the
soul, water and air for ten
days in order to be conscious to natural problems
and the importance of the
balance of the nature. Expert educators and experienced academicans educated the participants not only in labratories but also in
the nature itself. The participants have got theoretic knowledge and just after they
have put it into practise in the nature itself.
At the end of the project the view of the students to the nature changed positivelly.
More projects like this should be done. Newspapers and televisions programs
should be made to have enviromentally friendly individuals. Think, ask, do researches and protect the nature with a scientific wiev.
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Words: Kelimeler
developement
tecnology
easy
brought (v2)
disadvantages
life
lifestyle
canged (v2)
began (v2)
big cities
instead
rural areas
small towns
village
disappear
slowly
enviromental pollution
rushing hour
everywhere
building
difficult to see
green area
mankind
cut
forest
modern building
aware of danger
cause
nature
cut
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:gelişme
:teknoloji
:kolay
: getirmek
:dezavantajlar
: yaşam, hayat
: yaşam biçimi
: değişmek
: başlamak
: büyük şehirler
: ….. yerine
: kırsal alanlar
: küçük köyler
:kasaba
: yok olmak
:yavaşça
: çevre kirliliği
: iş saati
: her yer
:bina
: görmesi zor
: yeşil alan
:insanoğlu
:kesmek
:orman
: modern bina
: tehlikenin farkında olmak
:sebep
:doğa
:kesmek
1. Parçaya göre doğru olan kelimeyi işaretleyiniz.
1. The development of the tecnology made our life more difficult / easier.
2. Enviromental pollution is a big problem only in our country / all over the
world.
3. By cutting the ropes / the trees some animals and plants become extinct.
4. Some teachers / students choosen from schools went to Yedigöller region
last summer.
5. The participants got theoretic knowledge and just after they put it in
practise in the nature / the labratory itself.
2. Metni okuyunuz ve soruları cevaplandırınız.
1. Did our lifestyle change with the development of tecnology?
2. What did mankind do to make modern buildings?
3. What happened to small towns and villages?
4. Were there forests in Central Anatolia in the past?
5. Did mankind destroy the nature?
6. What will bring the end of the world?
7. Which institude supports enviromental projects?
8. Did the participants got theoretic knowledge?
9. Did the view of the students change positivelly at the end of the project?
10. Are you an enviromental friendly person?
15
Part Two
Simple Past Tense &Past Continuous Tense
İngilizce 3-4 ders notunda “Simple Past” ve “Past Continuous Tense” lerin kullanımından detaylı olarak bahsetmiştik. Bu ünitede iki zaman arasındaki farkı ve her
iki zamanın kullanım alanlarını göreceğiz.
Geçmişte olmuş – bitmiş bir olaydan bahsederken “Simple Past Tense” kullanılır.
– I played football yesterday.
(Dün futbol oynadım.)
– Linda went to Rome at the weekend.
(Linda hafta sonu Roma’ya gitti.)
– I didn’t eat anything yesterday.
(Dün hiçbir şey yemedim.)
Geçmişte ardı ardına meydana gelmiş iki olaydan bahsederken “Simple
Past Tense” kullanılır.
– I went to the theatre and watched the play.
(Tiyatroya gittim ve oyunu seyrettim.)
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– She opened her computer and
checked her e-mails.
(Bilgisayarını açtı ve elektronik
postalarını kontrol etti.)
– Ayhan stood up, said good bye
and went.
(Ayhan ayağa kalktı, hoşça kal dedi ve gitti.)
Geçmişte belli bir süre devam eden bir eylemi anlatırken”Past Continuous
Tense” kullanılır.
– I was playing football.
(Futbol oynuyordum.)
– They were sunbathing.
(Onlar güneşleniyordu.)
– The baby was sleeping.
(Bebek uyuyordu.)
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Geçmişte devam eden bir eylemi anlık bir eylem bölüyorsa, devam eden
eylem “Past Continuous Tense”, anlık eylem “Simple Past Tense” ile ifade edilir. Bu
iki zamandaki cümleleri birleştirirken “when” ve “while” kullanılır.
Anlık eylemlerin önüne “when” getiririz.
Devam eden eylemlerin önüne “while” getiririz.
Aşağıdaki cümleyi okuyunuz ve açıklamayı dikkatle inceleyiniz.
– An eartquake happened while we were sleeping.
(Biz uyurken deprem oldu.)
Depremin olması anlık bir eylemdir. Anlık bir eylem olduğu için de “Simple
Past Tense” kullanılmıştır.
Uyumamız ise uzun sürelidir. Uzun süreli olduğu için “Past Continuous Tense” kullanılmıştır.
“sleeping (uyumak)” uzun süreli olduğu için “while” ile kullanılmıştır.
Aynı cümleyi “when” kullanarak da yazabiliriz. Ancak bu sefer “when” i anlık
eylemin başına getirmemiz gerekir.
– When the earthqake happened, we were sleeping.
(Deprem olduğunda biz uyuyorduk.)
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– I was playing football when
the rain started.
(Yağmur başladığında ben
futbol oynuyordum.)
– What were you doing when I phoned you?
(Seni telefonla aradığımda ne yapıyordun?)
– We were waiting at the bus stop when it began to rain.
(Yağmur yağmaya başladığında biz otobüs durağında bekliyorduk.)
– I was reading a book when the phone rang.
(Telefon çaldığında kitap okuyordum.)
– The bell rang while I was having a bath.
(Ben banyo yaparken zil çaldı.)
Bazı eylemleri hem “Simple Past” hem de “Past Continuous Tense” ile ifade
edebiliriz.
Bu durumda anlam farkı olacaktır. Aşağıdaki cümleleri inceleyiniz:
Past Continuous Tense
– What were you doing last evening?
(Dün akşam ne yapıyordun?)
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– I was studying lesson.
(Ders çalışıyordum.)
Simple Past Tense
– I studied lesson.
(Ders çalıştım.)
Ancak bazı fiiller “-ing” takısı almadıkları için “Past Continuous Tense” ile
kullanılamaz. Bu fillerden yaygın olarak kullanılanlar aşağıda verilmiştir:
believe
:inanmak
understand :anlamak
love
: sevmek
like
:hoşlanmak
hate
: nefret etmek
think
:düşünmek
know :bilmek
see
:görmek
promise: söz vermek
dislike :hoşlanmamak
mean : demek istemek, kastetmek
Doğru Kullanım
Yanlış Kullanım
I believed you. (Sana inandım.)
I was believing you.
He understood easily. (O kolay anladı.)
He was understanding easily.
Alan loved cats very much. (Alan kedileri çok
Alan was loving cats very much.
severdi.)
I liked hot chocolate. (Sıcak çikolatayı çok sevI was liking hotchocolate.
dim.)
Ali hated rats. (Ali sıçanlardan nefret ederdi.)
Ali was hating rats.
I thought. (Düşündüm.)
I was thinking.
I knew the answer. (Cevabı bildim.)
I was knowing the answer.
I saw. (Gördüm.)
I was seeing.
Linda promised to help me. (Linda bana yarLinda was promising to help me.
dım etmeye söz verdi.)
She disliked me. (O benden hoşlanmadı.)
She was disliking me.
I meant….(... demek istedim.)
I was meaning…
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3. Aşağıdaki cümleleri “Simple Past Tense” kullanarak doldurunuz.
1. He .................... (drink) five cups of coffee in ten minutes.
2. We .................... (go) to the cinema and . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (watch) a film
last weekend.
3. . . . ................. your mother . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (do) the shopping?
4. The students .................... (have) a difficult exam yesterday.
5. His car .................... (break) down on the way to work.
6. She .................... (not clean) her room.
7. My grandmother .................... (die) two years ago.
8. Where .................... you .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (forget) your umbrella?
9. How many cakes .............. . . . . . . she . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (eat)?
10. . . .................. your father . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (buy) you a present for your
birthday?
1. The students ......................... (play) voleyball in the school garden.
2. Where ....................... you . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (go) yesterday morning?
3. . . ....................... you ...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (sleep) at ten o’clock yesterday?
4. . . ....................... your mother . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (cook) the meal in
the kitchen when you went home?
5. Esra ......................... (clean) her room in the morning.
6. What ...................... your father . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (do) two hours ago?
7. We ......................... (having) a picnic near a lake last weekend.
8. She ......................... (wash) the dishes in the kitchen a few minutes
ago.
9. The dog ......................... (bark) during the night.
10. I .............................. (watch) the football match on TV last night.
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5. Aşağıdaki boşlukları “Simple Past Tense” ya da “Past Continuous Tense”
kullanarak doldurunuz.
1. When the postman ....... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (arrive), I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (have) a
bath.
2. When I ....................... (be) young, I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (drink) two glasses of milk.
3. She ....................... (miss) the bus because she . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (wake)
up late.
4. The thieves ................................ (came) into the house while they
....................... (have) holiday.
5. My mother ................... . . . . (clean) the house, when she . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(fall) down and injured herself.
6. The children ....................... (watch) a cartoon when the electricity
....................... (go) off.
7. We ....................... (have) picnic when the rain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (start).
8. I ....................... (prepare) breakfast while my wife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(sleep).
9. The man ..................... . . (drive) very fast when he . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(had) the terrible accident.
10. The children ................................ (walk) in the forest when the wolves
....................... (attack) them.
6. Aşağıdaki cümleleri “when” ya da “while” kullanarak doldurunuz.
1. I was eating a hamburger at the canteen ....................... Betty came.
2. ....................... I met her, he was talking to his geography teacher.
3. ....................... the baby was sleeping, the dog barked so the baby
woke up.
4. Ayla cut her finger ....................... she was cutting the meat.
5. The painter was painting the room ...................... he fell off the ladder.
6. ....................... I got up this morning my parents were watching TV.
7. I called the ambulance ....................... I saw the accident.
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8. The family was having dinner ....................... they heard the explosion.
9. . . ..................... my grandfather was showing us his old photographs,
the electricity went off.
10. The students were playing in the garden ....................... the school bell
rang.
1. while / the meal / was watching / burnt / a / film. / The woman / she
2. The students / in the class / were fighting / came in. / when / the teacher
. . ................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9. When / I / him, / he / at / was sitting / a cafee /saw
. . ................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8. I / When / went / it / was snowing. / out
. . . ................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7. They / were having / when / rang. / doorbell / breakfast / the
. . . ................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6. She / an accident / while / was walking / she /on / road. the / had
. . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5. started/ When / it / to rain / the children / in the garden. / were playing
. . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4. Tom / While / was doing / his friend / him. / visited / his homework
. . . .................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3. Ali / was watching / a film / his brother / reading / was / a book. / while
. . . .................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . .................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10. While / were sleeping, / the / rang / bell / we
. . ................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23
8. Aşağıda verilen cümleleri eşleştiriniz.
1. I saw an accident
a. while she was chopping the
onions.
2. The students were playing with a ball
b. while he was driving?
3. What were you doing
c. while I was riding it.
4. The electricity went off
d. when I phoned you?
5. Was the man wearing his seatbelt
e. when their teacher came in.
6. The boat sank down
f. when it exploded.
7. The bicycle broke down
g. while the electrician was repairing the TV.
8. The poor child was playing with a handbomb
h. while they were sailing in
the sea.
9. She got wet
i. while I was walking on the
street.
10. My mother cut her finger
j. when it rained.
24
UNIT ONE (TEST)
1. While we ................................ at the breakfast table, the telephone rang.
A) were sitting
B) was sitting
C) is sitting
D) are sitting
2. We . . . . . . .......................... breakfast when the telephone rang.
A) is having
B) was having
C) were having
D) are having
3. They . . . ............................. a picnic when the rain started.
A) was having
B) was have
C) is having
D) were having
4. He . . . . . . .......................... tea in a cafe when I saw him.
A) was drinking
B) is drink
C) did drink
D) were drinking
5. While the children ................................ in the garden their parents were
watching TV.
A) are playing
B) were play
C) is play
D) were playing
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6. Tom ................................ to a football match yesterday.
A) went
B) was go
C) go
D) is go
7. They ................................ tea when I arrived.
A) are drink
B) were drink
C) is drinking
D) were drinking
8. We were having dinner when the electricity ............................ off.
A) go
B) went
C) going
D) is go
9. It . . . . ............................ to rain while I was watering the flowers.
A) begin
B) begins
C) beginned
D) began
10.I . . . . . ............... a lot of friendly people when I visited Egypt.
A) meet
B) met
C) meeting
D) is meet
11.He was drinking coffee .................. he saw an old friend.
A) when
B) while
C) who
D) which
26
12.He . . . . . . ............ to Frankfurt last Saturday.
A) go B) goes
C) will go
D) went
13.Mr Broom .................... in his office yesterday. He was at a meeting all day
long.
A) was
B) did
C) is
D) wasn’t
14.While they ................... they heard an announcement.
A) were speaking
B) was speaking
C) is speaking
D) are speak
15.While the theacher was speaking, the door . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
A) open
B) opens
C) opened
D) was open
16.James . . ............................. a taxi to his hotel.
A) took
B) take
C) is taking
D) taked
17.When the plane ........................ . . . . . . . it was midnight.
A) lands
B) was landed
C) landed
D) landing
27
18.While he .............................. . to his office, he saw an accident.
A) was walked
B) is walking
C) was walking
D) walks
19.When Tom ............................ . . . to his house, he phoned to his friend.
A) arrived
B) arriving
C) was arriving
D) is arriving
20.I . . . . . . ......................... lesson when the guests came.
A) was study
B) is study
C) was studying
D) study
21.He . . ............................. when I saw him.
A) was runnig
B) is running
C) runned
D) runner
22.The children .......................... . . . . . when their parents arrived home.
A) sleeping
B) is sleeping
C) was slept
D) were sleeping
23.I . . . . . . ......................... a book when she called.
A) was read
B) is read
C) was reading
D) reads
28
24.When the phone rang, she .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a bath.
A) was have
B) is having
C) was hasing
D) was having
25.. . . . . . . . . . . .............................. Tom was sleeping last night, someone stole his
motorbike.
A) When
B) While
C) Where
D) Who
29
UNIT TWO
JOBS
(MESLEKLER)
Bu ünitenin sonunda:
1. İki kişi arasında geçen bir diyaloğu okuyup anlayabilecek,
2. Okuduğunuz konu ile ilgili soruları cevaplandırabilecek,
3. Yeni bir yer hakkında bilgi edinecek,
4. Geçmişte olmuş fakat etkisi devam eden bir eylemi ifade edebilecek,
5. Geçmiş alışkanlıklarınızdan bahsedebileceksiniz.
ūū Konu içinde ilk kez karşılaştığınız kelimeleri ve kalıpları okuma parçasının
sonunda verilen tablodan öğreniniz.
ūū Alıştırmalardan önce yönergeleri dikkatle okuyunuz.
ūū Alıştırmalardan önce verilen örnekleri dikkatle inceleyiniz ve alıştırmaları
çözmeye başlayınız.
ūū Alıştırmaları çözdükten sonra cevap anahtarından kontrol ederek yanlış
yaptığınız alıştırmanın konusuna tekrar çalışınız.
32
Part One
Memories (Hatıralar)
Aşağıda verilen diyaloğu okuyunuz ve soruları cevaplandırınız.
Hi everybody! This is Tom from Radio 66. Have you ever been to Africa? Did
you see the jungles and the wild animals? Now we are going to listen to a special
person. His name is Mr Thomson. He has been in Gambia for some years.
Tom
: Hello Mr. Thomson. We know that you been to Africa for
some time. When did yo go there? How long have you lived
there?
Mr Thomson : I went to South Africa ten years ago. I have lived in Gambia
for five years. I worked in a gold mine as an engineer. But I
haven’t been there since then.
Mr. Anderson : Did you like Gambia?
Mr Thomson : Yes, it is a nice country and the people are very friendly. I
have had lots of friends there.
Mr. Anderson : Why did you return to England?
Tom
: I got married and my wife didn’t want to stay there.
33
Mr Thomson : How long have you been married?
Mr Thomson : I have been married since 2008.
Tom
: What does your wife do?
Mr Thomson : She is a doctor in the Central Hospital in London.
Tom
: How long has she worked there?
Mr Thomson : She has worked there for six years.
Tom
: Do you miss Gambia?
Mr Thomson : I don’t miss it but I miss my friends. I have lots of friends there. I want to go there in the summer holiday with my wife. I
missed my old friends there.
Tom
: Did you have an interesting memory there?
Mr Thomson : Oh, yes I have a memory which I can’t forget for the rest of
my life.
Tom
: Can you tell about it shortly?
Mr Thomson : It was my first day in Banjul and I wanted to walk in the forest.
First everything was normal, it was one of the most beautiful
scenes I have ever seen. I was walking with great pleasure
when suddenly I heard a strange noise behind me.
I looked backwards. I couldn’t believe my eyes. A poisonous
snake was coming towards me. I began to run as fast as I could. I was lucky because the snake didn’t bite me, otherwise I
would definetely die. Later I learned that the most dangerous snakes were living in that forest. After that I never went to
the forest alone.
But that was all I didn’t have a bad memory. I can never forget those days.
Tom
34
: Thanks for your nice interview Mr.Thomson.
Words: Kelimeler
jungle
wild animals
gold mine
special person
country
nice
friendly
return
hospital
miss
memory
rest
scene
pleasure
suddenly
strange noise
behind
backwards
poisonous
towards
lucky
snake
bite
otherwise
definetely
die
most dangerous
forest
interview
: balta girmemiş orman
: yabani hayvanlar
: altın madeni
: özel bir kişi
:ülke
:hoş
: arkadaş canlısı
: geri dönmek
:hastane
:özlemek
: anı, hatıra
: kalan kısmı
:manzara
:keyif
: birden, aniden
: tuhaf ses
:arka
:geriye
:zehirli
: -e doğru
:şanslı
:yılan
:ısırmak
: yoksa, aksi takdirde
:kesinlikle
:ölmek
: en tehlikeli
:orman
:röportaj
35
1. Mr.Thomson has been to America / Africa.
2. Her wife is / isn’t a doctor. 3. Mr. Thomson worked in a coal / gold mine as an engineer.
4. Her wife wanted / didn’t want to stay in Gambia .
5. Mr.Thomson has / hasn’t got many friends in Gambia.
1. When did Mr. Thomson go to Gambia?
2. What is Mr. Thomson’s job?
3. Are the people in Gambia friendly?
4. How long has he been married?
5. What is Mrs. Thomson’s job?
6. Where does Mrs. Thomson work?
7. Does Mr. Thomson miss Gambia?
8. Does Mr. Thomson miss his friends?
9. Did Mr.Thomson stay in Banjul?
36
10. What did Mr. Thomson do in his first day in Banjul?
Part Two
The Present Perfect Tense
“Present Perfect Tense” geçmişte başlamış etkisi ya da kendisi devam eden eylemleri anlatmak için kullanılır.
– My car has broken down.(Arabam bozuldu.) Bu cümleden arabamın hâlâ
bozuk olduğu anlaşılmaktadır.
– I have lived in England for ten years.
(On sene İngiltere’de yaşadım.)
– I have been in this city since 2001.
(2001’den beri bu şehirdeyim.)
– Tom hasn’t seen his uncle for a long time.
(Tom amcasını uzun bir süredir görmedi.)
37
“Present Perfect Tense”te yapı şu şekildedir:
S + have / has + V3 + O
I / you / we / they have
he / she / it has
Bu zamanda fiil olumlu cümlede
I/you/we/they have
he/she/it has
Olumsuz cümlede
I/you/we/they haven’t
S + have / has V3 + O
I have watched that film.
(O filmi seyrettim.)
Ayşe has watched that film.
(Ayşe o filmi seyretti.)
S + haven’t / hasn’t V3 + O
he/she/it hasn’t
We haven’t gone on a picnic.
(Biz pikniğe gitmedik.)
Ahmet hasn’t eaten anything.
(Ahmet hiçbir şey yemedi.)
Soru cümlesinde
Have / Has + S + V3 + O
Have I/you/we/they
Has he/she/it
38
Have the workers repaired the roof?
(İşçiler çatıyı tamir ettiler mi?)
Has he woken up?
(O uyandı mı?)
“Present Perfect Tense” te fiil 3.halde kullanılır.
Düzenli fiillerin sonuna – ed getirilir. Düzensiz filler aşağıdaki tabloda verilmiştir.
V1
V2
V3
be (olmak)
was/were
been
begin (başlamak)
began
begun
bite (ısırmak)
bit
bitten/bit
blow (esmek, üflemek)
blew
blown
break (kırmak)
broke
broken
bring (getirmek)
brought
brought
buy (satın almak)
bought
bought
catch (yakalamak)
caught
caught
choose (seçmek)
chose
chosen
come (gelmek)
came
come
dive (suya dalmak)
dived/dove
dived
do (yapmak)
did
done
draw (çizmek)
drew
drawn
dream (düş kurmak)
dreamed/dreamt
dreamt
drink (içmek)
drank
drunk
drive (araç sürmek)
drove
driven
drown (suda boğulmak)
drowned
drowned
eat (yemek yemek)
ate
eaten
fall (düşmek)
fell
fallen
fight (dövüşmek)
fought
fought
fly (uçmak)
flew
flown
forget (unutmak)
forgot
forgotten
39
forgive (affetmek)
forgave
forgiven
freeze (donmak)
froze
frozen
get (almak, ele geçirmek vb.)
got
got/gotten
give (vermek)
gave
given
go (gitmek)
went
gone
grow (büyümek)
grew
grown
hang (asmak)
hung
hung
hide (saklamak, gizlemek)
hid
hidden
know (bilmek)
knew
known
lay (yaymak, sermek)
laid
laid
lead (yönetmek, yönlendirmek)
led
led
lie (yalan söylemek, uzanmak)
lay
lain
lose (kaybetmek)
lost
lost
prove (ispat etmek)
proved
proved/proven
ride (ata, iki tekerli araca binmek)
rode
ridden
ring (zil, telefon vb. çalmak)
rang
rung
rise (çıkmak, yükselmek)
rose
risen
run (koşmak)
ran
run
see (görmek)
saw
seen
seek (araştırmak)
sought
sought
set (kurmak, hazırlamak)
set
set
shake (çalkalamak)
shook
shaken
sing (şarkı söylemek)
sang
sung
sink (batmak)
sank
sunk
sit (oturmak)
sat
sat
40
speak (konuşmak)
spoke
spoken
steal (çalmak, aşırmak)
stole
stolen
swim (suda yüzmek)
swam
swum
swing (sallanmak, sallamak)
swung
swung
take (almak, götürmek)
took
taken
tear (yırtmak)
tore
torn
tell (söylemek)
told
told
throw (atmak, fırlatmak)
threw
thrown
use (kullanmak)
used
used
wake (uyanmak, uyandırmak)
woke/waked
woke/woken/waked
wear (giymek)
wore
worn
write (yazmak)
wrote
written
– I have done my homework.
(Ev ödevimi yaptım.)
–My wife has cleaned
the living room.
(Eşim oturma odasını
temizledi.)
Bu cümleden oturma odasının hâlâ temiz olduğunu anlıyoruz.
41
NOT
Aynı cümleyi “Simple Past Tense” ile de ifade edebiliriz. Ancak bu durumda odanın temiz olup olmadığı bilinemez. Çünkü “Simple Past Tense” geçmişte
olmuş bitmiş olayları ifade eder, şu an ile herhangi bir bağlantısı yoktur. Aynı
cümlenin “Simple Past Tense” ile yazılmış hâlini inceleyelim:
My wife cleaned the living room. (Eşim oturma odasını temizledi.)
Bu cümlede odanın geçmişte temizlendiğini anlıyoruz. Ancak şu an oda
kirli de olabilir, temiz de olabilir. Bu konuda herhangi bir bilgi bulunmamaktadır.
Geçmişte başlamış bir olayın ne kadar süredir devam ettiğini belirtmek için
“for”, başlangıç noktasından şu ana geçen süreyi ifade etmek için ise “since” zaman
ifadelerini kullanacağız.
– I have been here since two o’clock.
(Saat iki denberi buradayım.)
– The poor old man hasn’t eaten anything since yesterday.
(Zavallı ihtiyar adam dünden beri hiçbir şey yemedi.)
“Since” bu cümlede başangıç noktasından şu ana kadarki süreyi ifade etmektedir.
– I have been here for two hours.
(İki saattir buradayım.)
– The poor old man hasn’t eaten anything for two days.
(Zavallı ihtiyar adam iki gündür hiçbir şey yemedi.)
“For” bu cümlede süreci ifade etmek için kullanılmıştır. “For” lu cümlede başlangıç
noktası belli değildir.
42
Geçmişte verilen bir başlangıç noktasından şu ana kadar geçen süreyi belirtmek için “since” kelimesini kullanırız.
– I have been in the library since
9.00 o’clock.
(Saat 9.00’dan beri kütüphanedeyim.)
– I have been in Ankara since 1986.
(1986 yılından beri Ankara’dayım.)
– Ali has studied English since morning.
(Ali sabahtan beri İngilizce çalışmakta.)
– We haven’t eaten anything since yesterday.
(Dünden beri hiçbir şey yemedik.)
– I haven’t seen him since yesterday.
(Geçen haftadan beri onu görmüyorum.)
– The telephone has been out of order since last week.
(Telefon geçen haftadan beri çalışmıyor.)
43
since two o’clock
saat 2’den beri
since last month
geçen aydan beri
since Friday
Cumadan beri
since 1999
1999’dan beri
since I was born
doğduğumdan beri
since I saw him
onu gördüğümden beri
Geçmişten şu ana kadar bir eylemin yapılma süresini belirtmek için “for”
kelimesini kullanırız.
– I have lived in in this city for 25 years.
(25 yıldır bu şehirde yaşıyorum.)
– He hasn’t slept for two days.
(O, iki gündür uyumuyor.)
– The little child hasn’t eaten anything for 10 hours.
(Küçük çocuk 10 saattir hiçbir şey yemiyor.)
– I haven’t seen her for a long time.
(Onu uzun bir süredir görmüyorum.)
– Ali has been in Germany for ten years.
(Ali on yıldır Almanya’da.)
for two days
iki gündür
for five weeks
beş haftadır
for three months
üç aydır
for many years
uzun yıllardır
for five minutes
beş dakikadır
for a long time
uzun bir süredir
44
3. Boşluklara “since” ya da “for” getiriniz.
1. . . . ................................ May
2. . . . ................................ two weeks
3. . . . ................................ last summer
4. . . . ................................ 2004
5. . . . ................................ a few minutes
6. . . ................................. 5 o’clock
7. . . ................................. my birthday
8. . . ................................. the beginnig of the year
9. . . ................................. ten months
10. . . ................................. 1.st January
11. . . . ................................ then
12. . . . ................................ a long time
13. . . ................................. two hours
14. . . ................................. several years
15. . . . ................................ we moved
16. . . . ................................ ages
17. . . ................................. October
18. . . ................................. I came here
19. . . . ................................ years
20. . . . ................................ twenty-four hours
4. Doğru olan kelimeyi işaretleyiniz.
1. He has been in London since / for a year.
2. I haven’t seen him since / for a long time.
3. He has had the same car since / for 2005.
4. Everything has changed since / for I was a child.
45
5. The central heating has been on since / for November.
6. I have been ill since / for two days.
7. My grandfather has been in hospital since / for the opreation.
8. It has been snowy since / for January.
9. There is no petrol since / for the strike began.
10. I haven’t eaten anything since / for this morning.
5. Boşlukları “since” ya da “for” ile doldurunuz.
1. The children have been in the playground ...................... ten o’clock.
2. I haven’t eaten döner ...................... a long time.
3. The weather has been freezing cold ...................... October.
4. Nobody has visited the museum ...................... the beginning of the
month.
5. Have been here ............. . . . . . . . . . two o’clock?
6. Nobody has spoken to him ...................... he was put into the prison.
7. He has been in İstanbul...................... two weeks.
8. I have lived in Ankara .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2001.
9. We haven’t used that old car ...................... two years.
10. Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus has been independent
...................... 1984.
11. She has been in France ...................... five months.
12. I haven’t gone shopping ...................... last month.
13. I have studied .............. . . . . . . . . five hours.
14. She has been a doctor ...................... 2004.
15. I haven’t gone for a holiday ...................... 2009.
16. I haven’t seen Angelika ...................... my birthday.
17. She hasn’t cleaned her kitchen...................... last winter.
46
18. I have put on two kilos ....... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . January.
19. She has been talking ...................... ten minutes.
20. Have you been a teacher ... ................... along time?
6. Aşağıdaki kelimeleri kullanarak cümleler kurunuz.
1. since / She / has / been / in / one o‘clock. / the bathroom
2. seen / I / haven’t / for / long / a / time. / him
. . ................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9. They / been / since / have / married / October.
. . ................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8. Sue / gone / holiday / for / two / hasn’t /on / years.
. . . ................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7. haven’t / heard / I / him / from / for / a / long / time.
. . . ................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6. I / been / İzmir / to / since / 2009. / haven’t
. . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5. received / a / letter / him / from / I / long / for / a / time. / haven’t
. . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4. She / been / this / in / long / city / for / a / has / time.
. . . .................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3. haven’t / anything / eaten / I / morning. / since
. . . .................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . .................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10. has / Azerbaijan / been / since / independent 1991.
. . ................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
47
Part There
Used to (Geçmiş Alışkanlık)
“Used to” yapısı geçmişte düzenli olarak yapılmış olan, şimdi yapılmayan eylemleri veya durumları anlatmak için kullanılır. “Used to”yapısı cümleye artık o eylemin yapılmadığı anlamını katar.
“Used to” yapısının üç farklı kullanım şekli vardır. Olumlu cümlede “used to V1”,
olumsuz cümlede “didn’t use to V1” soru cümlesinde ise “Did ….use to V1” şeklinde
kullanılmaktadır. Aşağıdaki tabloyu ve örnekleri dikkatle inceleyiniz.
Olumlu cümlede
Subject + used to + Verb1 + Object
I used to be a student two years ago.
özne + used to + fiilin 1.hali + nesne
(İki sene önce öğrenciydim.)
– My father used to smoke six years ago.
(Babam altı sene önce sigara içerdi.)
– I used to ride a bicycle when I was a child.
(Çocukken bisiklet sürerdim.)
48
– I used to walk long hours when I was fat.
(Şişmanken saatlerce yürürdüm.)
Olumsuz Cümlede:
Subject + didn’t use to + Verb1 + Object
I didn’t use to be a student two years ago.
Özne + didn’t use to + fiilin 1. hâli + nesne
(İki sene önce öğrenci değildim.)
– I didn’t use to study a lot two years ago.
(İki sene önce çok çalışmazdım.)
– My little sister didn’t use to write last year.
(Küçük kız kardeşim geçen sene yazamıyordu.)
– I didn’t use to drive a car at the
age of 20.
(Yirmi yaşındayken araba sürmüyordum.)
–I didn’t use to eat fruits when I was a child.
(Çocukken meyve yemiyordum.)
49
Soru cümlesinde
Did + Subject + use to + Verb1 + Object
– Did I use to be a student two years
ago?
Did + özne + use to + fiilin 1.hali + nesne (İki sene önce öğrenci miydim?)
Olumlu uzun cevap
Olumlu kısa cevap
Olumsuz uzun cevap
Olumsuz kısa cevap
– Yes, I did. (Evet.)
– Yes, I used to be a student two years
ago. (Evet, iki sene önce öğrenciydim.)
– No I didn’t. (Hayır.)
– No, I didn’t used to be a student two
years ago. (Hayır, iki sene önce öğrenci değildim.)
– Did your sister use to help your mother with the housework?
(Kızkardeşin annene ev işlerinde yardım eder miydi?)
– Yes,she did. (Evet.) / No,she didn’t. (Hayır.)
– Did you use to travel by bus or by plane ten years ago?
(On sene önce otobüsle mi uçakla mı seyahat ederdin?)
– Yes,I did. (Evet.) / No, I didn’t. (Hayır.)
– Did your mother cook delicious meals?
(Annen güzel yemekler pişirir miydi?)
– Yes, she did. (Evet.) / No, she didn’t. (Hayır.)
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– Did you use to study a lot when you were a student?
(Öğrenciyken çok ders çalışır mıydın?)
– Yes,I did.(Evet.) / No,I didn’t.(Hayır.)
nuz.
7. Aşağıdaki boşlukları “used to” ve fiilin uygun hâlini kullanarak dolduru-
1. I . ............................. ( watch) cartoons when I was a child.
2. My brother ....................... . . . . . . . (be) a tourist guide.
3. I . ............................. (wear) short pants when I was a child.
4. My father ........................ (work) in a big factory before he got retired.
5. When I was a baby, I .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (cry) a lot.
6. My mother ...................... . . . . . . . . (not eat) meat.
7. Linda ............................. . (travel) a lot in her last job.
8. . . ............................ your father . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (walk) to work?
9. There ............................. . be) a big cinema in the town.
10. . . .............. you ................ . . (have) a walkman when you were young?
8. Aşağıdaki boşlukları “used to ” kullanarak yeniden yazınız.
1. I went to bed early when I was a child.
2. Ali didn’t travel a lot.
. . . .................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3. Did you eat a lot of fruit when you were a child?
. . . .................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4. Ali didn’t ride a bicycle.
. . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
51
5. My father was busy last year.
6. I spent my holiday in Ayvalık when I was young.
................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10. Children ate healthy food.
52
................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9. We didn’t have mobile phones 20 years ago.
................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8. I didn’t listen to classical music.
................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7. My grandparents didn’t live in a big city.
................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
UNIT TWO (TEST)
1. She has been here ................. last year.
A) for
B) since
C) four
D) then
2. He has lived in this city ................ . two years.
A) to
B) for
C) since
D) at
3. I have been in İstanbul ................. four days.
A) at
B) to
C) since
D) for
4. I haven’t eaten ................. two hours.
A) at
B) to
C) since
D) for
5. Tom hasn’t drunk anything ................. morning.
A) for
B) since
C) at
D) to
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6. I haven’t been on holiday ........ . . . . . . . . . last August.
A) for
B) since
C) at
D) to
7. I haven’t seen her ................. a long time.
A) since
B) for
C) to
D) at
8. We have been married ........... . . . . . . 1998.
A) to
B) at
C) for
D) since
9. I have loved her ................. the first time I saw her.
A) to
B) at
C) for
D) since
10.I have lived here ................. a long time.
A) to
B) at
C) since
D) for
11.I haven’t seen my cousin ................. two months.
A) to
B) at
C) for
D) since
54
12.I have beeen a teacher ................ . 1996.
A) since
B) at
C) for
D) to
13.I have worked here ................. 2005.
A) in
B) to
C) for
D) since
14.I have had this mobile phone ...... . . . . . . . . . . . a long time.
A) to
B) since
C) for
D) in
15.I have known her parents ............ . . . . . 1991.
A) since
B) for
C) to
D) at
16.My brother stayed in Germany .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . ten months.
A) since
B) to
C) at
D) for
17.It has snowed ................. morning.
A) for
B) since
C) to
D) at
55
18.We have been friends ............ . . . . . 1991.
A) to
B) in
C) since
D) for
19.I have waited at the bus stop ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . half an hour.
A) to
B) at
C) for
D) since
20.Simon has worked in that company . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . last month.
A) for
B) since
C) in
D) at
21.My father ................. coke when he was young.
A) used to drink
B) use to drink
C) used to drank
D) uses to drink
22.. . . . . . . ............... you ............. . . . . . . . . . stay alone at nights?
A) Did /used to
B) Did/use to
C) Are/used to
D) Was/used to
23.I . . . . . . ......................... horror films when I was young.
A) use to watched
B) used to drink
C) used to eat
D) used to watch
56
24.She . . . . . . ......................... long hair but she had it all cut off.
A) use to has
B) used to have
C) did use to have
D) usen’t to have
25.There . . . ........................... a cinema in the town but now there isn’t.
A) used to been
B) did used to be
C) uses to be
D) used to be
57
UNIT THREE
TECHNOLOGY
(TEKNOLOJİ)
1. İletişim ile ilgili bir okuma parçasını okuyup anlayabilecek, konu ile ilgili soruları cevaplandırabilecek,
2. Gelecekte yapmayı düşündüğünüz yada olacağını tahmin ettiğiniz bir eylemi
anlatabilecek,
3. Karşımızdaki kişiye kendimizi tasdik ettirecek cümle yapılarını öğreneceksiniz.
ūū Konu içinde karşılaştığınız yeni kavramları öğreniniz.
60
Part One
Inventions (İcatlar)
Technology has changed rapidly in the 20th century. With the existence of
mankind many important inventions were made. We may think they are simple.
But we have to know that thay are the starting point for many important inventions
made later.
In the 10th century a Turkish scientist İsmail Cevheri made studies on birds in
order to fly like them. His studies helped Hezarfen Ahmet Çelebi. Hezarfen Ahmet
Çelebi designed wings and he started his studies. In 1632 he flew from Galata Tower
to Üsküdar. It was a six km flight.
61
In the 19th century Wright brothers made the first plane. It could only fly for
12 secons. It only flew 35 metres. But this lead the scientist to invent the jet engine.
Since the invention of wheel, mankind has found lots of developments. In
1885 Benz invented the first fuel engine car. It was a tree wheeled car and it had
only 1.5 horse power. It could only go 12 km per hour. When Graham Bell invented
the first telephone there was only a low voice on the line and it was difficult to understand. Michael Cooper invented the first mobile phone. It was too big and heavy
to carry. Other scientists improved this invention. Now millions of people use mobile phones which we can put in our pockets.
In 1980’s remote controls for televisions were very popular. We couldn’t believe our eyes. With one single touch we could change the channel. It was just unbelievable.
Technology is developing rapidly in the 20th century. Can you imagine what
human being will invent next? The answer of this question is important of course.
But the most important thing is that we have to use the inventions for the benefit
of human kind.
Words: Kelimeler
technology
change
rapidly
century
existence
mankind
invention
invent
starting point
scientist
study
design
tower
lead
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:teknoloji
:değişmek
:hızlı
:yüzyıl
:varoluş
:insanoğlu
:icat
: icat etmek
: başlangıç noktası
: bilim adamı
: ders çalışmak
:tasarlamak
:kule
: öncülük etmek
jet engine
: jet motoru
wheel
:tekerlek
fuel engine car: benzin motorlu araba
three wheeled: üç tekerli
horse power : beygir gücü
improve
:geliştirmek
remote control: uzaktan kumanda
touch
:dokunuş
unbelievable :inanılmaz
benefit
:fayda
human kind : insanoğlu
1. Technology has changed slowly / rapidly in the 20th century.
2. Ismail Cevheri / Hezarfen Ahmet Çelebi flew from Galata Tower to Üsküdar.
3. Michael Cooper invented the first telephone / mobile phone.
4. Now we can / can’t put mobile phones in our pocket.
5. Hezarfen Ahmet Çelebi flew sixty / six kilometres.
1. Has technology changed rapidly in the 20th century?
. . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2. Who made studies on birds in 10th century?
. . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3. How far could Hezarfen Ahmet Çelebi fly?
. . ................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4. Who invented the first telephone?
. . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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5. How many wheels had the first car?
................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6. Who invented the first mobile phone?
................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7. When did he invent it?
................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8. Were remote controls popular in 1980’s?
................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9. Was it unbelievable then?
................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10. Is technology developing rapidly in our century?
.................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
64
Part Two
Simple Future Tense
Gelecekte olacak eylemleri anlatırken “Simple Future Tense” kullanılır. Bu yapı
gelecekte yapmayı düşündüğümüz, konuşma anında ortaya çıkmış, planlanmamış
eylemleri ifade etmek için kullanılmaktadır.
Gelecekte olacak bir eylemi anlatırken:
– I will be a teacher in the future.
(Gelecekte öğretmen olacağım.)
– I hope our team will win the match.
(Umarım takımımız maçı kazanır.)
– I will have a long holiday next year.
(Gelecek sene uzun bir tatil yapacağım.)
65
Konuşma anında ortaya çıkmış, planlanmamış eylemleri ifade ederken:
– Alan: I don’t know how to use this computer.
(Bu bilgisayarın nasıl kullanılacağını bilmiyorum.)
– Jack: Don’t worry! I will teach you.
(Endişelenme! Ben sana öğreteceğim.)
– Ali: I can’t lift that box. It is too heavy.
(Kutu çok ağır, kaldıramıyorum.)
– Ahmet: I will help you to carry.
(Taşımana yardım edeceğim.)
I can’t lift that box. It is too heavy.
I will help you to carry.
Yukarıdaki örneklerde de görüldüğü gibi “Simple Future Tense” konuşma anında, önceden planlanmamış eylemleri ifade etmek için kullanılmaktadır.
66
Olumlu cümlede
S + will V1 + O
Tüm şahıslarda will kullanılır
I/he/she/ it /we/you/ they will
Olumsuz cümlede
I will go to the cinema.
(Sinemaya gideceğim.)
S + won’t V1 + O
I / he / she / it /we / you / they
will not (won’t)
Soru cümlesinde
Students won’t go to school in the future.
(Gelecekte öğrenciler okula gitmeyecekler.)
Will + S + V1 + O
Will I / he / she / it / we / you / they
Will you help me?
(Bana yardım edecek misin?)
Will you watch TV?
(TV seyredecek misin?)
“Simple Future Tense ” te aşağıdaki zaman zarfları kullanılabilir. Sınavlarda
cümlenin hangi tense olduğunu anlamak için bu zaman ifadelerinin bilinmesi çok
önemlidir:
today
tonight
tomorrow
soon
this week
this month
next week
next year
:bugün
: bu gece
:yarın
:yakında
: bu hafta
: bu ay
: gelecek hafta
: gelecek yıl
67
– They will call the fire brigate.
(İtfaiyeyi arayacaklar.)
– The bus will arrive soon.
(Otobüs yakında gelecek.)
– We will buy a new house.
(Yeni bir ev satın alacağız.)
– I will collect stamps.
(Pul biriktireceğim.)
3. Boşlukları “will V1”yapısı ile doldurunuz.
1. I ................... (eat) at a Chinese restaurant.
2. They ................... ( not / go) to the park.
3. The children are in their room. They ................... (play)computer games.
4. What ................... you . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (do) with that rope?
5. I think my mother ................... (buy) a bicycle at the beginnig of the
summer holiday.
6. I got bored. I ................ . . . (go) out.
7. One day I ................... (buy) an expensive sports car.
8. I ................... (check) my e-mails in two minutes.
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9. They ................... (get) marry in the future.
10. I ................... (learn) a foreign language.
4. Boşlukları “will not V1” yapısı ile doldurunuz.
1. The snow ................... (not stop) in the afternoon.
2. I . .................. (not swim) in this pool. It is dirty.
3. The headmaster ................... (not visit) the classes next week.
4. Alice ................... (not wear) her new dress at the wedding.
5. My wife ................... (not prepare) breakfast on Sunday morning.
6. Emin ................... (not be) a teacher in the future.
7. He ................... (not paint) her room.
8. My father ................... (not live) in this city anymore.
9. He ................... not ride) the horse. He thinks it is dangerous.
10. Emre ................... (not keep) the dog in the garden.
5. Boşlukları, verilen fiilleri kullanarak doldurunuz.
do (2) –be (2) –buy –have –visit –cook –go (2)
1. We will .............. to Antalya in the summer.
2. She will .............. a new computer.
3. They will .............. out.
4. Will your mother .............. you chicken soup?
5. He will .............. his relatives at the weekend.
6. They will .............. a picnic soon.
7. He will .............. an engineer in the future.
8. What will you .............. at the weekend?
9. I think it will .............. cold this winter.
10. What will you .............. when you finish school?
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6. Verilen kelimeleri kullanarak cümle kurunuz.
1. It / snow / tomorrow. / will / of Turkey / the / in / east
2. The / arrive / train / seven / at / o’clock. / will
................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10. won’t / I / to / again. / him / speak
70
................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9. The / increase / inflation / will / in a few / years.
................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8. We / fly / New York / to / summer. / next / will
................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7. be / Ayşe / will / engineer / future. / in / the / an
.................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6. Who / explain / situation? / will / the
.................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5. He / class. / the / fail / will
.................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4. I / think / get / I / job. / this / will
.................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3. Accidents / in / will / happen / icy / roads.
................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part There
Tag Questions (Eklenti Soruları)
Türkçede “değil mi, tamam mı” gibi anlamlara gelmektedir. Karşımızdaki kişiye kendi fikrimizi onaylatmak için kullanılan bir yapıdır. İngilizcede eklenti soruları
cümlenin zamanına ve özneye göre değişmektedir. Eklenti sorularını cümlede doğru kullanabilmek için cümlenin hangi zamanda olduğunu bilmemiz gerekir.Cümlemiz olumlu ise eklenti sorusu olumsuz, cümlemiz olumsuz ise eklenti sorumuz
olumlu olmaktadır.
Eklenti soruları bir “yardımcı fiil” ve “zamirden” oluşur. Aşağıdaki cümleyi dikkatle inceleyiniz:
– Ali goes to school everyday, doesn’t he?
(Ali her gün okula gider, değil mi?)
Önce bu cümlenin
hangi zamana ait olduğunu bulmamız gerekmektedir. Bunun için cümledeki fiili tespit etmemiz
gerekir. Fiil “goes”, isim ise
“Ali”dir. Cümlemiz “Simple Present Tense” dir. Yardımcı fiili ise “do,does” dır.
İsmin yeri tutan zamir “he”
dir. “He” şahsında “does”
yardımcı fiili kullanıldığına göre eklenti sorumuz
“doesn’t he” olacaktır.
Let’s ile başlayan cümlelerde eklenti sorusu “ shall we ” şeklinde olmaktadır.
– Let’s go out, shall we?
(Haydi dışarı çıkalım, olur mu?)
71
– Let’s do something different, shall we?
(Haydi farklı bir şey yapalım, olur mu?)
Let’s help him, shall we?
– He can’t carry the box. Let’s help him, shall we?
(O kutuyu taşıyamıyor. Haydi ona yardım edelim, olur mu?)
– Let’s go out and play football, shall we?
(Haydi dışarı çıkıp futbol oynayalım, olur mu?)
“Imperatives” ile başlayan emir cümlelerinin sonuna “eklenti sorusu” olarak
“will you ” gelmektedir. Cümlenin olumlu yada olumsuz olması fark etmez.
– Don’t make noise, will you?
(Gürültü yapma, olur mu?)
72
– Brush your teeth, will you?
(Dişlerini fırçala,tamam mı?)
Brush your teeth,
will lou?
– Do your homework, will you?
(Ödevini yap, tamam mı?)
– Open the window, will you?
(Pencereyi aç, tamam mı?)
“Never, hardly ever” gibi olumsuzluk bildiren kelimelerin bulunduğu cümlelerde eklenti sorusu olumlu olur.
– He never goes out at nights, does he?
(O asla gece dışarı çıkmaz, değil mi?)
– He hardly ever watches TV, does he?
(O hemen hemen hiç TV seyretmez,değil mi?)
– You will never forget this, will you?
(Bunu asla unutmayacaksın, değil mi?)
– They never viseted us, did they?
(Onlar asla bizi ziyaret etmedi, değil mi?)
7. Aşağıdaki boşlukları “tag question” kullanarak doldurunuz.
1. You are Tom, ..................... . ?
2. He works at a factory, ........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?
73
3. You are speaking English, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?
4. Let’s go somewhere to eat, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?
5. Lisa didn’t do her homework, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?
6. The film wasn’t good, .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?
7. The weather is beautiful today, ...................... ?
8. She goes to school everyday, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?
9. He didn’t do shopping, ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?
10. Turan can swim, ........... . . . . . . . . . . . ?
8. Aşağıdaki boşlukları “tag question” kullanarak doldurunuz.
1. Don’t make noise, .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . ?
2. Let’s go to the cinema, .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?
3. He never plays computer games, ...................... ?
4. She went abroad, .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . ?
5. Don’t speak loudly, ........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?
6. Tom has never seen a crocodile, ...................... ?
7. Let’s drink something hot, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?
8. They hardly ever got on the bus, ...................... ?
9. Do your homework, ....... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?
10. Let’s eat out, ................ . . . . . . ?
9. Aşağıdaki cümleleri eklenti soruları ile eşleştiriniz.
1.
Clean the board, ............ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?
a. doesn’t he
2.
Let’s play a game, ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?
b. hasn’t he
3.
Mr. Andrson has bought a new car, .................... ?
c. will you
74
4.
He brushes his teeth everyday, ......................... ?
d. isn’t she
5.
He never drinks cold water, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?
e. shall we
6.
She is washing the dishes now, ......................... ?
f. does he
7.
She will help us, ............... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?
g. wasn’t he
8.
Tom was here, .................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?
h. won’t she
9.
We must tell her the truth, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?
i. can you
10. You can’t ride a horse, ........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?
j. mustn’t we
75
UNIT THREE (TEST)
1. You . . ............... a lot of money.
A) will earn
B) will earned
C) will earning
D) is earn
2. I . . . . . . ........... around the world in the future.
A) will travelled
B) will travelling
C) will travel
D) will travells
3. I hope I ................. interesting people there.
A) meets
B) will meets
C) will meet
D) is meet
4. They ................. better after a few days of rest.
A) will feels
B) will feel
C) do feel
D) does feels
5. You saw him yesterday on the road, ................. ?
A) will you
B) didn’t you
C) is he
D) did you
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6. You haven’t been on holiday since last August, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?
A) did you
B) have you
C) didn’t she
D) is she
7. Your behavior was too bad. Please don’t do it again, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?
A) is you
B) will you
C) do you
D) are you
8. İremsu didn’t do her homework, ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?
A) did he
B) does she
C) did she
D) do she
9. Let’s go on a picnic, ................. ?
A) shall they
B) do we
C) shall we
D) does we
10.Be quite! ................. ?
A) do you
B) will you
C) are we
D) does she
11.He hasn’t played badminton before, ................. ?
A) have she
B) has she
C) is she
D) does she
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12.Elif . ................ a new bag for her mother.
A) will buying
B) is buy
C) will buy
D) buying
13.Scientists ................. many new inventions in the future.
A) make
B) made
C) is making
D) will make
14.Tomorrow ................. a hard day for you.
A) will be
B) is be
C) been
D) is been
15.I . . . . . . ........... to the cinema. Why don’t you come with me?
A) will going
B) will go
C) is going
D) was going
16.Can you lend me 100 liras? I ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . it back tomorrow.
A) gave
B) is giving
C) will give
D) giving
17.What ................. you ............ . . . . . for his birthday?
A) will / buys
B) will / buy
C) is / buy
D) are / buy
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18.Tom! Do your homework! ............ . . . . . ?
A) do you
B) are you
C) will you
D) does you
19.Our team didn’t play well, ........... . . . . . . ?
A) did they
B) will they
C) are you
D) is we
20.Let’s go out and play football, ....... . . . . . . . . . . ?
A) shall I
B) are we
C) do they
D) shall we
21.Your father can drive a car, .......... . . . . . . . ?
A) can’t she
B) will he
C) is he
D) can’t he
22.Ali is studying in the library now ...................... ?
A) is he
B) isn’t he
C) does he
D) will he
23.Emre always wakes up early in the morning, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?
A) doesn’t he
B) do Emre
C) will he
D) are he
79
24.They have finished their homework, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?
A) haven’t they
B) do they
C) will they
D) has they
25.Let’s have a break, ................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?
A) shall they
B) will we
C) shall we
D) do we
80
UNIT FOR
OUR WORLD
(DÜNYAMIZ)
1. Dünyadaki şehirler hakkında kısa bilgi edinecek
2. Okuma parçasını okuyup anlayabilecek ve konu ile ilgili soruları cevaplandırabilecek,
3. Sıfat ve zarfları kullanarak kıyaslamalar yapabileceksiniz.
ūū Konu içinde yeni karşılaştığınız yeni kavramları öğreniniz.
82
Part One
Life in Big Cities (Büyük Şehirlerde Yaşam)
San Francisco is a modern city in the west coast of the United States of America near the North Pasific Ocean. It’s got lots of skyscrapers and modern buildings.
San Fransisco is smaller and much more modern than London. London has a lot of
old buildings like theatres, cathedrals and museums. There are more green areas in
London than in San Fransisco. Of course the history of the London is older than San
Fransisco. The old buildings are build in gothic style in London. The architecture in
the city is more amazing than in San Fransisco.
London is bigger and more expensive than San Fransisco. People have a higher standard of living in San Fransisco. People have to pay more for the rent in London than in San Fransisco. Fuel is more expensive than San Fransisco. The cost of
living is higher in London than San Fransisco.
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You don’t need to use public transport in San Fransisco because it is smaller
than London. You can walk everywhere. Of course there is not a traffic jam in the
city. In San Franisco you can get from one point to the other easier than in London.
In London there is a terrible traffic jam. It takes lots of hours to get to work in the
rush hour like in İstanbul, Beijing and New Delhi. London is dirtier and the air is
more polluted. English drivers drive more slowly and less aggresivelly than American drivers.
To sum up, living in San Fransisco is easier, cheaper, more comfortable but the
life in London is more interesting and safer. I think you should live in San Fransisco
and have a long holiday in London, because there is much to see in the old city.
Words: Kelimeler
modern
:modern
west coast
: batı kıyısı
North Pasific Ocean : Kuzey Pasifik Okyanusu
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skyscraper
:gökdelen
building
:bina
smaller
: daha küçük
theatre
:tiyatro
cathedral
:katedral
museum
:müze
architecture
:mimari
amazing
:şaşırtıcı,harika
expensive
:pahalı
cost of living
: hayat şartları(maddi)
transport
:ulaşım
public transport
: toplu taşım
trafic jam
: trafik kargaşası
terrible
:berbat,korkunç
rush hour
: yoğun saatler
poluted
:kirli
aggresively
:agresif
to sum up
: özetlemek gerekirse
easİer
: daha kolay
cheaper
: daha ucuz
more comfortable
: daha konforlu
1. San Fansisco is in the west of England / U.S.A.
2. London has lots of skyscraper / old buildings.
3. There are less / more green areas in London.
4. Traffic is a big problem in London / San Fransisco.
5. The air in London is dirtier / cleaner than in San Fransisco.
1. Is San Fransisco a modern city?
. . . ................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2. Which city has got lots of skyscrapers?
. . . ................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3. Is the architecture of London more amazing than San Fransisco?
. . ................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4. Which city has got more green areas?
. . ................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5. Is fuel cheap in San Fransisco?
. . . .................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6. Which city has got traffic problem?
. . . .................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7. Is the air polluted in San Fransisco?
. . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
85
8. Do English drivers drive more slowly?
................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9. In which city is life easier?
................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10. Are there a lot of places to see in London?
................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
86
Part Two
Comparative Adjectives And Adverbs (Sıfat ve Zarflarda Kıyaslama)
Herhangi iki nesne, hayvan, bitki veya kişiyi kıyaslarken “comparative” yapıyı
kullanırız.
Cümlede özne (isim) ile ilgili kıyaslama yaparken “adjective(sıfat)”, fiil ile ilgili
kıyaslama yaparken de “adverb (zarf )” kullanarak kıyaslama yapılır.
Comparative Adjectives (Sıfatlarda Kıyaslama)
İngilizcede sıfatları kıyaslarken “tek heceli” sıfatların sonuna “–er”, “iki ve daha
fazla heceli” sıfatların başına ise “more” getirilir.
Tek heceli sıfatların sonuna “er” takısı getirilerek “comparative” yapıya dönüştürülür.
tall (uzun)
taller (daha uzun)
cheap (ucuz)
cheaper (daha ucuz)
slow (yavaş)
slower (daha yavaş)
old (eski)
older (daha eski)
new (yeni)
newer (dahayeni)
long (uzun)
longer (daha uzun)
narrow (dar)
narrower (daha dar)
weak (zayıf )
weaker (daha zayıf )
fast (hızlı)
faster (daha hızlı)
– This car is faster than that car.
(Bu araba o arabadan daha hızlıdır.)
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This car is faster than
that car.
– Rabbits are slower than cheetahs.
(Tavşanlar çitalardan daha yavaştır.)
– Kızılırmak is longer than Yeşilırmak.
(Kızılırmak Yeşilırmaktan daha uzundur.)
– This jacket is cheaper than that one.
(Bu ceket o ceketten daha ucuzdur.)
Eğer tek heceli sıfat “y” harfiyle bitiyorsa “y” düşer ve ”ier” getirilerek comparative yapıya dönüştürülür.
easy (kolay)
easier (daha kolay)
early (erken)
earlier (daha erken)
heavy (ağır)
heavier (daha ağır)
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– The exam was easier than we expected.
(Sınav beklediğimizden daha kolaydı.)
– Tomorrow is feast. We have to wake up earlier.
(Yarın bayram. Daha erken kalkmalıyız.)
– This box is heavier than the last one.
(Bu kutu öncekinden daha ağır.)
Bazı sıfatların son harfi bir kez daha tekrarlanıp sonra “er” takısı alır.
big (büyük)
bigger (daha büyük)
hot (sıcak)
hotter (daha sıcak)
– My room is bigger than my sister’s room.
(Benim odam kızkardeşimin odasından daha büyüktür.)
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– Antalya is hotter than İzmir.
(Antalya İzmir’den daha sıcaktır.)
Bazı sıfatlar düzensizdir. Aşağıdaki tabloyu inceleyiniz:
good (iyi)
better (daha iyi)
bad (kötü)
worse (daha kötü)
little (az)
less (daha az)
far (uzak)
farher / further (daha uzak)
much (çok)
more (daha çok)
many (çok)
more (daha çok)
– The film was better than we expected.
(Film beklediğimizden daha iyi idi.)
– Students must read more to understand better.
(Öğrenciler daha iyi anlamak için daha çok okumalılar.)
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– You must eat less to loose
wieght.
(Kilo vermek için az yemelisin.)
– I can throw the stone farther than him.
(Ben taşı ondan daha uzağa atabilirim.)
Eğer sıfat birden çok heceli ise sıfatın önüne “more”getirilerek “comparative” yapıya dönüştürülür.
handsome (yakışıklı)
more handsome (daha yakışıklı)
expensive (pahalı)
more expensive (daha pahalı)
difficult (zor)
more difficult (daha zor)
interesting (ilginç)
more interesting (daha ilginç)
polite (kibar)
more polite (daha kibar)
beautiful (güzel)
more beautiful (daha güzel)
– Ayhan is more handsome than Mehmet.
(Ayhan Mehmet’ten daha yakışıklıdır.)
– Silver is more expensine than copper.
(Gümüş bakırdan daha pahalıdır.)
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– Maths is more difficult than chemistry.
(Matematik kimyadan daha zordur.)
– Geography is more interesting than the other lessons.
(Coğrafya diğer derslerden daha ilginçtir.)
– Turkish people are more polite than others.
(Türk insanı diğerlerinden daha kibardır.)
– İstanbul is more beautiful than Ankara.
(İstanbul Ankara’dan daha güzeldir.)
3. Aşağıdaki sıfatların “coparative” şeklini yazınız.
1. fast ............................ .
2. heavy .......................... . . .
3. dangerous .................. . . . . . . . . . . .
4. small ........................... . .
5. large ........................... . .
6. far .............................
7. good ........................... . .
8. interesting ................... . . . . . . . . . .
9. bad ............................ .
10. easy ........................... . .
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4. Aşağıdaki cümlelerdeki boşlukları “comparative adjective” kullanarak
doldurunuz.
1. My school is .................... ...... (far) than your school.
2. Roses are .......................... (beautiful) than tulips.
3. This film was .......................... (interesting) than the other.
4. Non-smokers are .......................... (healthy) than smokers.
5. Tigers are .......................... (dangerous) than dogs.
6. I think a hiking holiday is ........................ (good) than a cruise holiday.
7. Milk is .......................... (natural) than fruit juice.
8. Bill Gates is ....................... . . . (rich) than Tarkan.
9. Springs are .......................... (good) than autumas.
10. Emre is .......................... (tall) than Ali.
Comparative Adverbs (Zarflarda Kıyaslama)
İngilizcede zarfları (adverbs) kullanılarak karşılaştırma yapmak için zarfların
önüne genellikle “more” kelimesi getirilir.
– My mother drives more slowly than my father.
(Babam annemden daha yavaş araba sürer.)
– Can you speak more quietly, please?
(Lütfen daha sessiz konuşabilir misin?)
– Ahmet writes more clearly than Veli.
(Ahmet Veli’den daha anlaşılır yazar.)
– I’m working more slowly today than yesterday.
(Bugün dünden daha yavaş çalışıyorum.)
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– Mustafa drives more dangerously than Mehmet.
(Mustafa Mehmet’ten daha tehlikeli bir şekilde araba sürer.)
NOT!
Cümlede iki kişi ya da nesne kıyaslanıyorsa “more adverb than” yapısı kullanılır.
Early, late, fast, hard, near, soon gibi zarflar ile karşılaştırma yaparken ise
sıfatlarda olduğu gibi “-er” eki getirilir
– I got to the station earlier than Veli.
(İstasyona Veli’den daha önce vardım.)
– Ali lives nearer to school than Ahmet, so he gets up later.
(Ali, okula Ahmet’ten daha yakın bir yerde oturur. Bundan dolayı o daha geç
kalkar.)
Sonu -ly ile biten zarflar, başına “more” alır.
Adverb
Comparative Adverb
slowly (yavaş)
more slowly (daha yavaş)
quickly (hızlı)
more quickly (daha hızlı)
carefully (dikkatli)
more carefully (daha dikkatli)
easily (kolay)
more easily (daha kolay)
94
comfortably (rahat)
more comfortably (daha rahat)
carelessly (dikkatsiz)
more carelessly (daha dikkatsiz)
frequently (sık)
more frequently (daha sık)
– Ali visits her parents more frequently than his sister.
happily (mutlu)
more happily (daha mutlu)
(Ali ailesini kız kardeşinden daha sık ziyaret eder.)
quietly (sakin)
more quitely (daha sakin)
– Planes carry people more quickly.
(Uçaklar insanları daha hızlı taşıyor.)
– Lucy drives more carefully than Angela.
(Lucy Angela’dan daha dikkatli araba kullanır.)
“Early” “ly” ile bittiği hâlde “earlier ” şeklinde comparative hâle dönüşür.
early (erken)
earlier (daha erken)
– Today, I woke up earlier than usual.
(Bugün, her zamankinden daha erken kalktım.)
Sonu “-ly” ile bitmeyen zarflardan “fast, hard ve late”, sonuna “-er” takısı alır.
fast (hızlı)
faster (daha hızlı)
hard (sıkı, zor)
harder (daha sıkı, sor)
late (geç)
later (daha geç)
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– Please work harder.
(Lütfen daha iyi çalış.)
– Emre runs faster than Tevfik.
(Emre Tevfik’ten daha hızlı koşar.)
– I will do my homework later.
(Ev ödevimi daha sonra yapacağım.)
“Often” yukarıdaki kurala uymaz, “more often” şeklinde comparative yapıya
çevrilir.
often (sık)
more often (daha sık)
– People fly more often than
they did in the past.
(İnsanlar geçmişten daha
sık uçuyorlar.)
Bazı zarflar düzensizdir:
well (iyi)
better (daha iyi)
badly (kötü)
worse (daha kötü)
little (az)
less (daha az)
much/many (çok)
more (daha çok)
far (uzak)
farher/further (daha uzak)
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– Ahmet was better.
(Ahmet daha iyi idi.)
– Tim does his homework faster.
(Tim ödevini daha çabuk yapar.)
– My mother drives more carefully than my father.
(Annem babamdan daha dikkatli araba kullanır.)
– To lose weight you need to eat less.
(Kilo vermek için daha az yemelisin.)
– My kite flew farther than yours.
(Benim uçurtmam seninkinden daha uzağa uçtu.)
5. Aşağıdaki zarfların “comparative” şekillerini yazınız.
1. fast ................................ . .
2. carefully .......................... . . . . . . . .
3. hard ............................... . . .
4. badly .............................. . . . .
5. clearly ............................ . . . . . .
6. little ................................ . .
7. early ............................... . . .
8. much ............................. . . . . .
9. carelessly ........................ . . . . . . . . . .
10. often ............................. . . . . .
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6. Aşağıdaki boşlukları “comparative adverb” kullanarak doldurunuz.
1. I speak Turkish ............. ............. (fluently) than Carol.
2. Tom can run ................. . . . . . . . . . (fast) than Tim.
3. You seem ..................... . . . . . (happy) than yesterday.
4. Could you speak ........... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (clearly)?
5. Our team played .......... ................ (well) than the other team.
6. He behaved .................. . . . . . . . . (politely) today.
7. We have to work ........... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (hard) than ever before.
8. I solved the problem .......................... (quickly) than you.
9. Ali climbed .......................... (high) than anyone else.
10. Our ship crossed the sea .......................... (fast) than usual.
7. Aşağıdaki “comparative adjective” kelimelerin “comparative adverbs” şekillerini yazınız.
1. slower ......................
2. beautiful ......................
3. good ......................
4. little ......................
5. fast ......................
6. easy ......................
7. carefull ......................
8. dangerous ................... . . .
9. happy ......................
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10. far ......................
8. Aşağıdaki cümleleri, okuyup yanlarına “comparative adjective” ya da
“comparative adverb” yazınız.
1. Plants grow faster than trees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2. Mount Ağrı is higher than Mounth Erciyes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3. My father drives more dangerously than my mother. ...........................
4. I solved the problem more easily than my friend. ................................
5. Our English teacher is older than our science teacher. ...........................
6. Ayla is more beautiful than her sister. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7. Mr. Anderson speaks more slowly than the other teachers. ...................
8. Some middle east countries are richer than Europen countries. .............
9. I speak English more fluently than my brother. ....................................
10. Kezban is shorter than her friend. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9. Aşağıdaki boşlukları “comparative adjectives” ve “coparative adverbs”
1. Ali run ............................. . . . . (long) than me.
2. Flying is ........................... . . . . . . (dangerous) than sailing.
3. Our team played ............... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (good) than our opponent.
4. Konya is.......................... .......(large) than all the other cities in Turkey.
5. Ali threw the stone ............ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (far) than me.
6. She solves the problem ................................. (carefully) than you.
7. Kürşat can run ................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . than Emre.
8. Most women drive ........... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (carefully) than men.
9. Turtles walk ...................... . . . . . . . . . . . (slowly) than cats.
10. Iğdır is ............................ . . . . . (hot) than Kars.
99
UNIT FOR (TEST)
1. He arrived ............................ . . . . than expected.
A) earlier
B) more early
C) early
D) the early
2. Call me ................................ in the afternoon.
A) late
B) early
C) later
D) laterly
3. Our new English teacher explains the topics ................... than the old teacher.
A) gooder
B) better
C) worser
D) easy
4. Cds are ................................ than video casettes.
A) old
B) newer
C) small
D) big
5. Tom threw the stone ............... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . than me.
A) farher
B) farthest
C) near
D) fast
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6. These shoes are ........................ . . . . . . . . than those shoes.
A) cheap
B) cheaper
C) more cheap
D) the cheap
7. You hit my arm ......................... . . . . . . . than me.
A) good
B) harder
C) slow
D) easy
8. Alice thinks that cats are ............................ pets than dogs.
A) bad
B) bedder
C) gooder
D) better
9. English is ............................... than German.
A) difficult
B) more difficulter
C) easier
D) easy
10.Wool is . .......................... than cotton.
A) expensive
B) big
C) more expensive
D) more cheap
11.The Empire State building is .............................. than the Statue of Liberty.
A) short
B) long
C) big
D) taller
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12.Planes are ......................... than trains.
A) slower
B) fast
C) slow
D) faster
13.The Black sea is .......................... than the Mediterranean.
A) cold
B) hot
C) colder
D) small
14.London is ................... than Paris.
A) cheap
B) cheaper
C) expensive
D) big
15.She drives ............................. . than her husband.
A) more
B) more carefully
C) fastly
D) easy
16.Alan works ........................... . . . . than Steve.
A) slowly
B) more slowly
C) long
D) easy
17.The children sing ................... . . . . . . . . . . . . than their parents.
A) happier
B) more happy
C) more happily
D) happy to
102
18.I get to work ............................ . . . than my brother.
A) early
B) earlier
C) more early
D) lately
19.Hülya plays tennis ..................... . . . . . . . . . . than Leyla.
A) good
B) goodly
C) bad
D) better
20.My kite flew .............................. . than yours.
A) far
B) farher
C) swim
D) go
21.I did . . . . ........................... on the test than I did last.
A) bad
B) worse
C) good
D) gooder
22.Aşağıdakilerden hangisi “hard” kelimesinin comparative hâlidir?
A) harder
B) hardes
C) more hard
D) most hard
23.Aşağıdakilerden hangisi “well” kelimesinin comparative hâlidir?
A) well
B) better
C) good
D) most well
103
24.Aşağıdakilerden hangisi “bad” kelimesinin comparative hâlidir?
A) more badly
B) badder
C) worse
D) more worse
25.Aşağıdakilerden hangisi “carefully” kelimesinin comparative hâlidir?
A) more carefully
B) more carefull
C) carefull
D) less care
104
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Azar, Betty Schrampfer; Fundamentals is of English Grammer, Second Edition, Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 1992.
Swan, Michael; Practical English Usage, Second Edition, Oxford University Press
1995.
Baygül, İrfan; Sentence Structures in English and Syntax 1, Engin Yayınevi, Ankara
2005.
105
UNIT ONE CEVAP ANAHTARI
4.
1. were playing
2. were / going
3. Were / sleeping
4. Was / cooking
5. was cleaning
6. was / doing
7. was washing
2.
8. were having
1. Yes,it did.
9. was barking
2. They cut the trees.
3. Small towns and villages began to di- 10. was watching
sappear slowly.
5.
4. Yes, there were.
1. arrived / was having
5. Yes, they did.
6. Cutting the forests, polluting the air 2. was / drank
and water will bring the end of the 3. missed / woke
4. came / were having
world.
7. Turkish Scientific and Tecnological 5. was cleaning / fell
6. were watching / went
Researc Intitution (TÜBİTAK).
7. were having / started
8. Yes, they did.
8. was preparing / was sleeping
9. Yes,it changed.
9. was driving / had
10. Yes, I am./No I am not.
10. were walking / attacked
3.
6.
1. drank
1. when
2. went / watched
2. When
3. Did / do
3. While
4. had
4. while
5. broke
5. when
6. didn’t clean
6. When
7. died
7. when
8. did / forget
8. when
9. did / eat
9. While
10. Did / buy
10. when
1.
1. easier
2. all over the world
3. the trees
4. students
5. the nature
106
7.
1. The woman burnt the meal while she
was watching a film.
2. The students were fighting in the
class when the teacher came in.
3. Ali was watching a film while his brother was reading a book.
4. While Tom was doing his homework
his friend visited him.
5. When it started to rain the children
were playing in the garden.
6. She had an accident while she was
walking on the road.
7. They were having breakfast when the
doorbell rang.
8. When I went out it was snowing.
9. When I saw him, he was sitting at a
cafe.
10. While we were sleeping, the bell
rang.
8. Aşağıda verilen cümleleri eşleştiriniz.
1. – i
2. – e
3. – d
4. – g
5. – b
6. – h
7. – c
8. – f
9. – j
10 – a
TEST
1. A
2. C
3. D
4. A
5. D
6. A
7. D
8. B
9. D
10. B
11. A
12. D
13. D
14. A
15. C
16. A
17. C
18. C
19. A
20. C
21. A
22. D
23. C
24. D
25. B
107
UNIT TWO CEVAP ANAHTARI
1. Parçaya göre doğru olan kelimeyi
işaretleyiniz.
1. Africa
2. is
3. gold
4. didn’t want
5. has
11. since
12. for
13. for
14. for
15. since
16. for
17. since
18. since
19. for
20. for
2. Metni okuyunuz ve soruları cevaplandırınız
1. Mr.Thomson went to Gambia last
year.
2. He is an engineer.
3. Yes,they are.
4. He has been married since 2008.
5. She is a doctor.
6. She works in the Central Hospital.
7. No,he doesn’t.
8. Yes,he does.
9. Yes,he did.
10. He walked in the forest.
4. Doğru olan kelimeyi işaretleyiniz.
1. for
3. for
4. since
5. since
5. since
6. for
7. since
8. since
9. since
10. since
3. Boşluklara “since” ya da “for” getiriniz.
1. since
2. for
3. since
4. since
5. for
6. since
7. since
8. since
9. for
10. since
5. Boşlukları “since” ya da “for” ile doldurunuz.
1. since
2. for
3. since
4. since
5. since
6. since
7. for
8. since
9. for
10. since
108
11. for
12. since
13. for
14. since
15. since
16. since
17. since
18. since
19. for
20. for
time.
8. Sue/gone/holiday/for/two/hasn’t/
on/years
Sue hasn’t gone on hoilday for two
years.
9. They/been/since/have/married/October.
They have been married since October.
10. has/Azerbaijan/been/since/independant 1991.
6.Aşağıdaki kelimeleri kullanarak Azerbaijan has been independent
since 1991.
cümleler kurunuz.
1. since/She/has/been/in/one o‘clock/
the bathroom
7. Aşağıdaki boşlukları “used to” ve fi She has been in the bathroom since
ilin uygun hâlini kullanarak dolduone o’clock.
runuz.
2. seen/I/haven’t/for/long/a/time/him 1. I used to watch cartoons when I was a
I haven’t seen him for a long time.
child.
3. haven’t/anything/eaten/I/morning/ 2. My brother used to be a tourist guide.
since
3. I used to wear short pants when I was
I haven’t eaten anything since morna child.
ing .
4. My father used to work in a big fac 4. She/been/ this/in/long/city/for/a/
tory before he got retired.
has
5. When I was a baby, I used to cry a lot.
She has been in this city for a long 6. My mother didn’t use to eat meat.
time.
7. Linda used to travel a lot in her last
5. received/a/letter/him/from/I/long/
job.
for/a/ time/haven’t
8. Did your father use to walk to work?
I haven’t received a letter from him for 9. There used to be a big cinema in the
a long time.
town.
6. I/been/İzmir/to/since/2009/haven’t
10. Did you use to have a walkman when
I haven’t been to İzmir since 2009.
you were young?
7. haven’t/heard/I/him/from/for/a/
long/time.
I haven’t heard from him for a long
109
8. Aşağıda verilen cümleleri “used to”
yapısını kullanarak yeniden yazınız.
1. I used to go to bed early when I was
a child.
2. Ali used to travel a lot.
3. Did you use to eat a lot of fruit when
you were a child?
4. Ali didn’t use to ride a bicycle.
5. My father used to be busy last year.
6. I used to spend my holiday in Ayvalık
when I was young.
7. My grandparents didn’t use to live in
a big city.
8. I didn’t use to listen to classical music.
9. We didn’t use to have mobile phones
20 years ago.
10. Children used to eat healthy food.
110
TEST
1. B
2. B
3. D
4. D
5. B
6. B
7. B
8. D
9. D
10. D
11. C
12. A
13. D
14. C
15. A
16. D
17. B
18. C
19. C
20. B
21. A
22. B
23. D
24. B
25. D
UNIT THREE CEVAP ANAHTARI
1. Parçaya göre doğru olan kelimeyi 7. When did he invent it?
işaretleyiniz.
He invented it in 1885.
1. Technology has changed rapidly in 8.Were remote controls popular in
1980’s?
the 20th century.
Yes, they were.
2. Hazerfan Ahmet Çelebi flew from 9. Was it unbelievable then?
Yes, it was.
Galata Tower to Üsküdar
3.Michael Cooper invented the first 10.Is technology developing rapidly in
our century?
mobile phone .
Yes, it is.
4. Now we can put mobile phones in
our pocket.
3. Boşlukları “will V1”yapısı ile doldu-
5.Hezarfen Ahmet Çelebi flew six kirunuz.
lometres.
1. I will eat at a Chinese restaurant.
2. They won’t go to the park.
2. Metni okuyunuz ve sorularcevap- 3. The children are in their room. They
landırınız.
will play computer games.
1.Has technology changed rapidly in 4. What will you do with that rope?
the 20th century?
5.I think my mother will buy a bicycle
Yes, it has.
at the beginnig of the summer holi 2.Who made studies on birds in 10th
day.
century?
6. I got bored. I will go out.
İsmail Cevheri made studies on birds 7.One day I will buy an expensive
in 10th century.
sports car.
3.How far could Hezerfanj Ahmet 8. I wil check my e-mails in two minutes.
Çelebi fly?
9. They will get marry in the future.
He could fly six kilometres.
10. I will learn a foreign language.
4. Who invented the first telephone?
Graham Bell invented the first tele- 4. Boşlukları “will not V1” yapısı ile
phone.
doldurunuz.
5. How many wheels had the first car? 1. The snow won’t stop in the after It had three wheels.
noon.
6.Who invented the first fuel engine 2. I won’t swim in this pool.It is dirty.
car?
3. The headmaster won’t visit the classes
Benz Invented the first fuel engine car.
next week.
111
4. Alice won’t wear her new dressat the
wedding.
5. My wife won’t prepare breakfast on
Sunday morning.
6. Emin won’t be a teacher in the future.
7. He won’t paint her room.
8. My father won’t live in this city anymore.
9. He won’t ride the horse.He thinks it is
dangerous.
10. Emre won’t keep the dog in the garden.
2. The / arrive / train / seven / at / o’clock.
The train will arrive at seven o’clock .
3. Accidents / in/ will / road / happen /
icy / roads.
Accidents will happen in icy roads.
4. I / think / get / I / job. / this / will
I think I will get this job.
5. He / class / the / fail / will.
He will fail the class.
6. Who / explain / situation? / will / the
Who will explain the situation?
7. be / Ayşe / will / engineer / future. /
in / the
5. Boşlukları verilen fiilleri kullanarak Ayşe will be an engineer in the future.
8. We / fly / New York / to / summer. /
doldurunuz.
next
do(2) –be(2) –buy –have –visit
We will fly to New York next summer.
–cook –go(2)
1. We will go to Antalya in the summer. 9. The / increase / inflation / will / in a
few / years.
2. She will buy a new computer.
The inflation will increase in a few
3. They will go out.
years.
4.Will your mother cook you chicken
10.won’t / I / to / again. / him / speak
soup?
5. He will visit his relatives at the week- I won’t speak to him again.
end.
6. They will have a picnic soon.
7. Aşağıdaki boşlukları “tag question”
7. He will be an engineer in the future.
8. What will you do at the weekend?
1. You are Tom, aren’t you?
9. I think it will be cold this winter.
2. He workks at a factory, doesn’t he?
10.What will you do when you finish 3. You are speaking English, aren’t you?
school?
4. Let’s go somewhere to eat, shall we?
5.Lisa didn’t do her homework, did
she?
6. Verilen kelimeleri kullanarak cümle
6. The film wasn’t good, was it?
kurunuz.
1. It / snow / tomorrow / will / of Turkey 7.The weather is beautiful today, isn’t
it?
the / in / east
It will snow in the east of Turkey to- 8. She goes to school everyday, doesn’t
she?
morrow.
112
9.He didn’t do shopping, did he?
10.Turan can swim, can’t he?
8. Aşağıdaki boşlukları “tag question”
1. Don’t make noise, will you?
2. Let’s go to the cinema, shall we?
3.He never plays computer games,
does he?
4. She never went abroad, did she?
5. Don’t speak loudly will you?
6. Tom has never seen a crocodile, has
he?
7. Let’s drink something hot, shall we?
8. They hardly ever got on the bus, did
they?
9. Do your homework, will you?
10.Let’s eat out, will you?
9. Aşağıdaki cümleleri eklenti soruları
ile eşleştiriniz.
1. c Clean the board, will you?
2. e Let’s play a game shall we?
3. b Mr.Andrson has bought a new car
hasn’t he?
4. a He brushes his teeth everyday,
doesn’t he?
5. f He never drinks cold water, does
he?
6. d She is washing the dishes now,
isn’t she?
7. h She will help us, won’t she?
8. g Tom was here, wasn’t he?
9. j We must tell her the truth mustn’t
we?
10. i You can’t ride a horse can you?
TEST
1. A
2. C
3. C
4. B
5. B
6. B
7. B
8. C
9. C
10. B
11. B
12. C
13. D
14. A
15. B
16. C
17. B
18. C
19. A
20. D
21. D
22. B
23. A
24. A
25. C
113
UNIT FOR CEVAP ANAHTARI
1. Parçaya göre doğru olan kelimeyi
işaretleyiniz.
1.San Fansisco is in the west of England/ U.S.A.
2.London has lots of skyscraper/
old buildings .
3. There are less/ more green areas in
London.
4. Traffic is a big problem in London /
San Fransisco.
5. The air in London is dirtier /cleaner
than in San Fransisco.
8.Do English drivers drive more slowly?
Yes, they do./Yes,English drivers drive
more slowly.
9. In which city is life easier?
Life is easier in San Fransisco.
10.Are there a lot of places to see in
London?
Yes,there are./Yes,there are a lot of
places to see in London.
3.Aşağıdaki sıfatların “coparative”
şeklini yazınız.
faster
2. Metni okuyunuz ve soruları cevap- 1. fast
2. heavy
heavier
landırınız.
3. dangerous
more dangerous
1. Is San Fransisco a modern city?
4. small
smaller
Yes, San Fransisco is a modern city.
larger
2.Which city has has got lots of sky- 5. large
6. far
farher/further
scrapers?
better
San Fransisco has got lots of skyscrap- 7. good
8. interesting
more interesting
ers.
worse
2.Is the architecture of London more 9. bad
10. easy
easier
amazing than San Fransisco?
Yes, it is./Yes,the architecture in London is more amazing than San Fran- 4. Aşağıdaki cümlelerdeki boşlukları
“comparative-superlative adjectisisco.
ve” kullanarak doldurunuz.
4. Which city has got more green areas?
1. My school is farther/further than your
London has got more green area.
school.
5. Is fuel cheap in San Fransisco?
Yes, it is./Yes fuel is cheap in San Fran- 2. Roses are more beautiful than tulips.
3. This film was the most intersting then
sisco.
the other.
6. Which city has got trafic problem?
4. Non-smokers are healthier than
London has got traffic problem.
smokers.
7. Is the air polluted in San Fransisco?
No, it isn’t./No, the air isn’t polluted in 5. Tigers are more dangerous than dogs.
San Fransisco.
114
6. I think a hiking holiday is better than 9. Ali climbed higher than anyone else.
a cruise holiday.
10.Our ship crossed the sea faster than
7. Milk is more natural than fruit juice.
usual.
8. Bill Gates is richer than Tarkan.
9. Springs are better than autumns.
7. Aşağıdaki “comparative adjective”
10. Emre is taller than Ali.
kelimelerin “comparative adverbs”
şekillerini yazınız.
5-Aşağıdaki zarfların “comparative” şekil- 1. slower
more slowly
lerini yazınız.
2. beautiful
more beautifully
1. fast
faster
3. good
better
2. carefull more carrefully
4. little
less
3. hard
harder
5. fast
faster
4. badly
worse
6. easy
more easily
5. clearly
more clearly
7. carefull
more carefully
6. little
less
8. dangerous more dangerously
7. early
earlier
9. happy
more happily
8. much
more
10.far
farther/further
9. carelessly more carelessly
10. often
more often
8. Aşağıdaki cümleleri, okuyup yanlarına “comparative adjective” ya da
6. Aşağıdaki boşlukları “comparative
“comparative adverb” yazınız.
adverb” kullanarak doldurunuz.
1. Plants grow faster than trees. com 1. I speak Turkish more fluently than
parative adverb
Carol.
2.Mount Ağrı is higher than Mounth
2. Tom can run faster than than Tim.
Erciyes. comparative adjective
3. You seem more happily than yester- 3.My father drives more dangerously
day.
than my mother. comparative adverb
4. Could you speak more clearly?
4. I solved the problem more easily than
5. Our team played better than the othmy friend. comparative adverb
er team.
5. Our English teacher is older than our
6. He behaved more politely today.
science teacher. comparative adjec7.We have to work harder than ever
tive
before
6. Ayla is more beautiful than her sister.
8.I solved the problem more quickly
comparative adjective
than you.
7.Mr. Anderson speaks more slowly
than the other teachers. comparative
adverb
115
TEST
1. A
2. C
3. B
4. B
5. A
6. B
7. B
9.Aşağıdaki boşluları “comparative 8. D
adjectives” ve “coparative adverbs” 9. C
10. C
11. D
1. Ali run longer than than me.
2. Flying is more dangerous than sail- 12. D
13. C
ing.
3. Our team played better than our op- 14. B
15. B
ponent.
4. Konya is larger than all the other cit- 16. B
17. C
ies in Turkey.
18. B
5. Ali threw the stone farher than me.
6.She solves the problem more care- 19. D
20. B
fully than you..
21. B
7. Kürşat can run faster than Emre.
8.Most women drive more carefully 22. A
23. B
than men.
24. C
9. Turtles walk more slowly than cats.
25. A
10.Iğdır is hotter than Kars.
8. Some middle east countries are richer than Europen countries. comparative adverb
9. I speak English more fluently than my
brother. comparative adverb
10.Kezban is shorter than her friend.
comparative adjective
116
GÜNEY KIBRIS
RUM YÖNET‹M‹
NÖC: Nahcivan Özerk Cumhuriyeti
(Azerbaycan)
İl merkezleri
Başkent (Ankara)
N)
(A
ZE N
RB .Ö
AY .C
CA

ingilizce 5 - Hayat Boyu Öğrenme Genel Müdürlüğü

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