Graduated Portal - BA E-concept 1. sem. EXAM project fall 2011

Transcription

Graduated Portal
EAL - 1st Semester E-Concept Development, Autumn 2011
E-concept development & E-project management Exam Module
Bonita Hansen
[email protected]
Søren Pryds
[email protected]
Jeanett Drevsfeldt
[email protected]
Graduated Portal
Table of content
INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................... 5!
PROBLEM DEFINITION ................................................................................................................................ 6!
OUR CONCEPT ............................................................................................................................................ 7!
CAB analysis .......................................................................................................................................... 7!
OUR CLIENT ................................................................................................................................................. 8!
PROJECT STAKEHOLDERS ........................................................................................................................ 8!
TARGET GROUPS ........................................................................................................................................ 9!
Alumni students ...................................................................................................................................... 9!
Companies ........................................................................................................................................... 10!
Schools ................................................................................................................................................. 10!
THE CONCEPT IN INTERNATIONAL ASPECT.......................................................................................... 11!
THE GENRE OF THE CONCEPT ............................................................................................................... 12!
SKETCHING PROCESS ............................................................................................................................. 13!
FUTURE PLAN FOR THE CONCEPT ......................................................................................................... 15!
PROMOTIONAL STRATEGY ...................................................................................................................... 15!
SOCIAL MEDIA STATEGY .......................................................................................................................... 18!
Facebook and Twitter ........................................................................................................................... 18!
Mobile application ................................................................................................................................. 18!
ASPECTS OF F-COMMERCE .................................................................................................................... 19!
PORTERS 5 FORCES ................................................................................................................................. 20!
PROGRESSION OF ECONOMIC VALUE ................................................................................................... 21!
Bonita Hansen - [email protected] | Søren Pryds - [email protected] | Jeanett Drevsfeldt - [email protected]
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THE CONCEPT OF AUTHENTICITY .......................................................................................................... 22!
PROJECT PORTRAIT ................................................................................................................................. 22!
PRE-STUDY ................................................................................................................................................ 25!
RISK ASSESSMENT ............................................................................................................................ 25!
Risk identification .................................................................................................................................. 25!
Qualitative Risk analysis ....................................................................................................................... 25!
The Mini Risk Method. .......................................................................................................................... 26!
Quantiative Risk analysis ..................................................................................................................... 26!
Risk response planning ........................................................................................................................ 27!
SWOT ................................................................................................................................................... 27!
Strengths .............................................................................................................................................. 27!
Weaknesses ......................................................................................................................................... 27!
Opportunities ........................................................................................................................................ 27!
Threats ................................................................................................................................................. 28!
Pre-study conclusion ............................................................................................................................ 28!
PROJECT PLANNING METHOD ................................................................................................................ 28!
Milestone Method ................................................................................................................................. 28!
The concept team ................................................................................................................................. 29!
Belbin tests ........................................................................................................................................... 29!
Team core values ................................................................................................................................. 30!
STRENGTHS........................................................................................................................................ 30!
WEAKNESSES..................................................................................................................................... 31!
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Equipment ............................................................................................................................................ 31!
Time ...................................................................................................................................................... 31!
Money ................................................................................................................................................... 32!
Hardware .............................................................................................................................................. 32!
Software ............................................................................................................................................... 32!
Math Estimation Method - Lichtenberg Technique ............................................................................... 33!
PROJECT DEVELOPMENT MODEL .......................................................................................................... 34!
PRINCE2 .............................................................................................................................................. 35!
The Cockburn Scale ............................................................................................................................. 35!
Agile ...................................................................................................................................................... 36!
BALANCED SCORECARD AND FUTURE STRATEGIES .......................................................................... 38!
INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL COMMUNICATION....................................................................................... 39!
Internally Communication ..................................................................................................................... 41!
Externally communication ..................................................................................................................... 41!
International issues ............................................................................................................................... 42!
INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS NEGOTIATION ........................................................................................... 42!
Suppliers ............................................................................................................................................... 42!
Schools ................................................................................................................................................. 43!
INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE ............................................................................................................... 44!
BUDGET ...................................................................................................................................................... 45!
CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................................................. 45!
LITTERATURE LIST .................................................................................................................................... 46!
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INTRODUCTION
Today unemployment amongst people with academic educations are rising and becoming a growing
problem in Denmark. Why is this growing problem and why are the graduated students not getting jobs? This
is what we want to create a tool for: We want to create a student portal for graduated students on higher level
educations. This portal is a tool for keeping track of the graduates and if, when and where they get jobs. This
information can then be used to find out which graduates succeed in their hunt for a job and what they might
be doing different than the fellow graduates that are still unemployed. The portal could also be used to keep
in contact with these people and maybe offer them guidance and courses which can improve their chances
of finding a job. There is no such portal in Denmark today.
To get a better overview of our concept and what it has to offer then we will use the CAB method where we
take a closer look at its capability, advantages and benefits.
Capability: Keep track of students that have graduated from higher level educations and gather information
about their job situation. It can also be used to contact the graduates for interviews, courses and guidance.
Advantage: Schools that use this tool might end up with a higher rate of their students getting jobs, which
they could use when promoting their school in hopes of getting more students to choose their specific school
instead of others.
Benefit: This tool can be beneficial for both graduates and society: The graduates might find jobs and
Denmark will have less people who are unemployed which means more tax income and less payment to
those without jobs that need financial support.
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Graduated Portal
PROBLEM DEFINITION
•
Will this e-concept help in keeping track of the alumnus after several years?
•
Can we actually measure if the education is actually usable in real world by track number of graduated
student whom get a job?
•
User do not want to have another profile in a new (no name) social network – how to solve this
problem?
•
Will the user information (that updated into their profile) be good enough for the institution to make
report/analysis base on statistic data?
•
Is there any further future in the project? Or it just going to be “another-NOT-successful social media”
•
Who actually should be a “REAL” target group, the end user who own the profile or the institution who
actually going to own the system?
•
What is the benefit for the end users?
•
What parts of project need outsource/sub-supplier?
•
Who's going to pay for this project?
•
How to get fundings?
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Graduated Portal
OUR CONCEPT
Today umemployment amongst people with academic educations are rising and becoming a growing
problem in Denmark. Why is this a growing problem and why are the graduated students not getting jobs?
This is what we want to create a tool for: We want to create a student portal for graduated students on higher
level educations. This portal is a tool for keeping track of the graduates and if, when and where they get jobs.
This information can then be used to find out which graduates succeed in their hunt for a job and what they
might be doing different than the fellow graduates that are still unemployed. The portal could also be used to
keep in contact with these people and maybe offer them guidance and courses which can improve their
chances of finding a job. There is no such portal in Denmark today.
CAB analysis
To get a better overview of our concept and what it has to offer then we will use the CAB method where we
take a closer look at its capability, advantages and benefits.
Capability: Keep track of students, which have graduated from higher-level educations and gather
information about their job situation. It can also be used to contact the graduates for interviews, courses and
guidance.
Advantage: Schools that use this tool might end up with a higher rate of their students getting jobs, which
they could use when promoting their school in hopes of getting more students to choose their specific school
instead of others.
Benefit: This tool can be beneficial for both graduates and society: The graduates might find jobs and
Denmark will have less people who are unemployed which means more tax income and less payment to
those without jobs that need financial support.
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Graduated Portal
OUR CLIENT
At the beginning of this project we do not have a client. We want to develop the project further before we
go out and try to sell it to a client. But we have a clear idea of what our clients would be.
Our clients will be the school where higher level of educations is taught. This means universities, colleges
and other schools in the same category. At first we will focus on the nearby clients so this would be schools
such as Syddansk University and College Lillebælt.
Syddansk University was established in 1998 when three different schools. Syddansk University has
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20.000
students and has departments in Kolding, Odense, Esbjerg, Slagelse, Sønderborg and
Copenhagen. They have more than 3200 employees. It is especially these academic educations that are
taught at SDU where the students have problems finding jobs after graduation.
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College Lillebælt has 8000 students and has department in Odense, Svendborg and Vejle. At College
Lillebælt it is possible to study to become a nurse, multimedia designer, teacher, socialworker and many
more. All of the educations have that in common that they have a lot of practical work where the students get
to test what they learn while taking these educations. College Lillebælt has a workforce of 700 people at the
moment.
PROJECT STAKEHOLDERS
Stakeholders are people or/and companies that are working with or for us in this concept development. All
of them have an interest in this project succeeding. Some of them is contributing with money and a
workforce, but they do also have some demands.
The stakeholders for this project:
Our selves: We need to put time and knowledge into this project if we want to be able to have a great end
product which we maybe able to sell to the schools.
The suppliers: They supply the project with a workforce and knowledge, and in return the want to get paid
for their work. An example of suppliers could be the firm(s) that is going to program the portal for us.
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2
http://www.sdu.dk/Om_SDU
http://www.ucl.dk/content/dk/servicemenu/om_os
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Graduated Portal
The
schools:
They
are
our
“customers”. They are given a useful
portal if they are willing to pay for it.
End user: The graduates need to be
willing to share their personal information
on the portal or otherwise the portal will be
useless. They have the opportunity to gain
a job in the end.
TARGET GROUPS
Our portal has 3 different target groups: The unemployed alumni students, the companies and the schools.
All three of them here will be describe only from an idea of how it would be in Denmark since that is our first
main market.
Alumni students
This will be the student that just have or are going to graduate from a school of a higher education (e.g.
University). It will not have any relevance for those of them who already have found a job, but it will be for all
of those who have not and who are looking for one. The age spread within this target group is very wide
since there is no limitation to when they can enrol into a higher education. Most of them would be at least in
the twenties though since they would have had to take a high school diploma to into these higher educations.
Unemployment is a growing problem for the younger generations than the generations that has been working
for many years. The unemployment rate for young people under 25 is still rising3. The number of
unemployed people under 29 has doubled4 within the last three years so it is an age group that could really
need something like our portal.
This is the target group we especially want to reach through social media like Facebook and Twitter.
Studies5 show that women that are using social media more than men and people between 25-34 years
spend between 3,6 and 5,3 hours per week on Facebook.
3
http://www.fagligt.eu/arbejdsmarkedet/eutal/jobSept.aspx Retrived 1. December 2011 (Translated by Jeanett Drevsfeldt)
http://modkraft.dk/nyheder/article/arbejdsloshed-rammer-danske-unge
Retrieved 2. December 2011 (Translated by Jeanett
Drevsfeldt)
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http://loumannlissau.ning.com/profiles/blogs/kvinder-bruger-mest-tid-paa Retrieved 2. December 2011 (Translated by Jeanett
Drevsfeldt)
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Companies
These are the ones that we need to be interested in paying for using the portal so they get access to all
the unemployed students. At first we will focus on big companies that need employees with the kind of
education the alumni students have. This could be lawfirms (layers), hospitals (nurses or doctors), papers
and magazines (journalists) and many more. If we start with focussing on Funen then companies like that
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could be Syddansk Universitets Hospital or the biggest paper on the island Fyens Stiftidende .
Schools
This will be all the schools of higher education in Denmark. This means universities, colleges and other
schools in the same category. At first we will focus on the nearby clients so this would be schools such as
Syddansk University and College Lillebælt.
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Syddansk University has 20.000 students and has departments in Kolding, Odense, Esbjerg, Slagelse,
Sønderborg and Copenhagen. They have more than 3200 employees. It is especially these academic
educations that are taught at SDU where the students have problems finding jobs after graduation.
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College Lillebælt has 8000 students and has department in Odense, Svendborg and Vejle. At College
Lillebælt it is possible to study to become a nurse, multimedia designer, teacher, socialworker and many
more. All of the educations have that in common that they have a lot of practical work where the students get
to test what they learn while taking these educations. College Lillebælt has a workforce of 700 people at the
moment.
6
http://www.fyens.dk/koncernen
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THE CONCEPT IN INTERNATIONAL ASPECT
Our main focus on this project is the Danish market to begin with. There are several of reasons why we
are choosing to do that. One of the reasons is that our idea partially came to life and was based on how the
Danish job market is at the moment. Even though there is an international crisis at the moment and that we
see problems with growing unemployment everywhere in Europe and the rest of the world, then the job
markets in the countries are very different. It might not be the same groups of people in society who are
having problems finding jobs in Spain as it is USA or in Bulgaria. This is why it would be wisest to make and
finish this concept for one country at the time. When we are done with one country then we can move on to
the next and change the parts according to how their society and job market are different from the prototype /
first concept. Another thing that is different from country to country is that there is a difference on when
society counts a person as unemployed. In England people in internships are counted as having a job while
that same person in the same internship in Denmark would be counted as unemployed. So one person might
look unemployed in the portal in Denmark while a person in the same situation in England might not – this
will make it difficult to compare numbers between the countries.
Another problem could be that the law revolving how much of your personal information a company (or
student portal) can share with others (like a company that is interested in the student portal database to find
possible employees) can be different from country to country too. All these things need to be looked into
before the portal can be launched internationally.
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Graduated Portal
THE GENRE OF THE CONCEPT
In this project, we using “genre” as a guideline to understand and identify the user expectation of content
and elements on our product, since genre can provide a framework for considering more effective
communication online.
Based on research9 on a similar product, the Alumni web portal, the results show that there is a familiar
pattern of the way information is organized, for example:
1. Way of content
Once the user entered the alumni web portal, they expect to see direct information about their formal
school, such as a welcome message, announcement and events. On most pages it also shows the service
that they can offer to the alumnus student.
2. Type of information
The information on the web is always up to date. It is mostly short like a headline but often comes with the
link to read the full article on other pages.
3. Format of information
The format of information is text based and there are not many pictures involved, the navigation is simple
and there is not a lot of menus.
4. Writing style
Since it is an official document that is released from the institution, the writing style is very formal.
5. Screen design
The screen design for the alumni web portal uses a grid and module based design. It does not use a lot of
photos, as there is more emphasis on information.
There is a lot of empty space on the web and they also have a minimal use of color, mostly their own
institution's theme color.
6. Organization of content
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Appendix A - Example of alumni portal
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The page navigation is a few groups of menus, e.g. news/headline, announcement, event, and service.
The research also showed that a few pages have extra menu for the alumni to find/offer jobs and some have
menus for the school web store where they can buy T‐shirt, mug or other school souvenir.
7. Quantity of content
The content is made up of short information segments, and it is updated very frequently.
Advantage of using the genre method is that now we can narrow down the concept of our final product.
Which is using an immediacy design strategy
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where the aim is taking things that might disturb message
away as much as possible. This way the user will gain maximum use of the product and also things are
going to be the way they expect it to be.
SKETCHING PROCESS
Since the group come to the decision to make a graduated portal as a semester project, thegroup have
been discussing “what can the final product do?” Sometimes we discuss about “what kind of content will this
product have?” but we have never reached the point that we discuss about “what it will look like?” until this
week, the project week.
We started up our sketching process by following some of the steps that were taught in the sketching
class.
1. Brain storming session - the entire group member have to come up with everything they can think
of, everything, and anything. All the items were written on post-it notes, as this way it will be very
easy for us to move it around in the next step.
2. Organizing group of data – After the previous step, we start sorting out the cards. Many of the
cards are duplicates, so we just group them together.
In this step, we sort the sticky note in to three main groups. Menu, content, and back end function.
3. Define elements on each page – in this step we agreed that we will start with having 3 simple
pages.
•
Landing page - the page that the user sees when they first enter the website. On this page we
will have a simple navigation menu for people to see different information and also have a log
in function
•
User main page – this is the page that the user will see after they login. The menu is slightly
different from the landing page but web elements of the site are still the same
10
Jay David Bolter and Richard Grusin, Remediation:Understanding New Media,The MIT Press(2000), P. 28
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Graduated Portal
•
Administration main page – this is a backend page for the institution to login and update the
data.
4. Sketch first draft – During the discussions from the previous step, we already started by having
some sketches, because we find that it is easier for us to explain what we have in our mind using
a drawing. When we finalize what we will have on each page, we start sketching.
At first we all just sketch our own ideas but we have to include all of the design elements that are required.
5. Combining sketch
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– after we share our sketches with each other, we discuss and try to combine
the ideas that we like together, and this time we draw a wireframe sketch.
The group ended the final step of sketching the idea with a wireframe sketch by using the process
mentioned above. This technique helped the group to come up with the best design for the product
collaboratively , and the final sketch also helps the designer get a clear picture of what he has to design. This
way he can avoid work and then re-work because of any misunderstandings of the requirements.
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Appendix C -
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FUTURE PLAN FOR THE CONCEPT
It is important to have an idea of what your brand/concept is going to be like in the future to avoid running
into problems that could have been avoided if these thing were taking into consideration beforehand. It is
also good to have ideas for future development so that other concepts on the market will not come in our
take the lead.
Market: At first we are focusing on the Danish market, but in the near future we could spread to the
Scandinavian market and maybe in 5 years to the all the European nations. In 10 years we could be looking
at going vest to United States, Canada and South America. In 20 years time the goal could be that this
Student portal was a tool that was being used all over the world.
To use this tool there is a need for computers and internet, so the spread of this tool will be easiest in
countries where most of the population has access to those two things.
New features: Right now this student portal is for graduates that have an academic degree, but in the
near future we should look into getting other unemployed graduates from other kinds of educations into the
system too. Later when the use of the portal has spread to other countries then the feature of searching
across countries would be useful for people that are searching for jobs in other countries than their own.
PROMOTIONAL STRATEGY
The strategy for the promotional campaign for the “graduated portal” is mainly going to be based on the
“push” strategy of personal selling since we are within the B2B market. We will use marketing effort on
promoting our product to retailers to convince them to stock the product.
So the main idea will be to contact various schools and universities that have the same target group as our
product. For starters we believe that the ideal client is our own school and their alumni.
Our!group!
Ministry!of!
educa3on!
Univercity!
Users!
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Manufacturer!
Retailer!
Wholesaler!
Consumer!
Taking into account the business face of our concept, we need to sale our product/service to universities,
colleges and institutes or even the ministry of education in Denmark and in this case the push strategy will be
the plan.
So our promotion strategy has to fit the target organization, in this case we have to choose the relevant
way to present our production to the ministry or universities/colleges and wherefore we can use some
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relevant elements from the promotion mix .
Promo3on!
mix!
Adver3cing!!
Personal!
selling!
Direct!
marke3ng!
Sales!
promo3on!
Public!
rela3on!
In our case we have to get a direct connection with the target organization to promote our Digital
product/service and therefore we need to find the right person from the target organization and getting
contact with.
According to this strategy the Personal selling and Direct marketing are the relevant ways.
The$products$Life$cycle$PLC$Stages13$
As we know that the life cycle of our product is still in the introduction stage than our promotion needs to
have an informative style and we have to attract the attention of the target organization.
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13
http://learnmarketing.net/promotionexpanded.htm | 3 Nov 11
http://learnmarketing.net/promotion.htm | 3 Nov 11
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Introduc3on!
Decline!
Growth!
Maturity!
And when our product gets the successful introduction stage, than we have to change the promotion
strategy to fit the growth stage, than we have to think about the advertising in both online and offline ways
and create public relations and finding several ways to present our product/service to the users.
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SOCIAL MEDIA STATEGY
Facebook and Twitter
Gratuated Portal is going to have its’ own facebookpage and Twitter acount. From these it is possible to
have direct contact with the users and companies that are looking for employees. An idea is to have a
“Jobseeker of the week”: We chose of the users from the portal and highlight this person on both facebook
and on Twitter. And we will ask the users to share to post so that even more people will see it than the ones
who are following the Portal facebookpage. One might ask, why other people would be interested in share
this post about people that they do not even know? The idea is for everyone to get these post viewed as as
many people as possible – and the if we through our events and gatherings create a “united feeling” within
the alumni’s, then hopefully a lot of the alumni’s will help each other on Facebook (and Twitter). We will do it
in the hopes of this person getting a job or at least a jobinterview by doing this. The more that we are able to
help getting jobs the more it will spread that the Alumni Portal really is a tool that can help you find a job and
in the end that will mean more users will create accounts on the portal. It will also make the Facebookpage
and Twitter account interesting for companies and that could make even more companies follow both pages.
If companies approach us because they want to find the perfect employee for a specific job then we could
also do the opposite: have “Job of the week” of the portals sites on Facebook and Twitter.
Facebook and Twitter will also be used for promoting the events and gatherings that the Alumni Portal is
arranging for the users.
Having both a Facebookpage and Twitter where people can see that there is a lot of activity will also make
our portal seem like a site that a lot of people use – and therefore attract even more alumni’s and companies.
Facebook could also help keeping the users “active” and seeing updates about the portal will remind of them
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of the portal – even when they are not logged in at the site. There are almost 2,39 million
Danes on
facebook so there is a lot of people to be reached that way. As February 2011 there was more than 30.000
Danes
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on Twitter.
Mobile application
When the portal is up and running then we want to make a mobile application for smart phones. This
application is going to be updated every day with new jobs from the companies looking for new employees.
This way the unemployed alumni’s can get updated from their phone without having access to a computer.
This could be useful for both the alumni’s and the companies; the alumni’s that use this application will
probably see these new jobs before the alumni’s that only use the portal site from computer. And the
companies can find a qualified worker faster. It will also have the “Jobseeker of the week” on a sub-page.
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15
See Appendix D – Facebook estimation
http://blog.overskrift.dk/2011/03/23/danske-twitter-tal-for-februar-2011/ Retrieved 12. December 2011
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The application is free if the user already has a profile on the site.
ASPECTS OF F-COMMERCE
The product of concept we are developing, aside from the system itself, have some interesting features.
One of them is to be able to link your social media to our profile. Linking your facebook profile to our system
will make it easier for the user to “auto generate” their information on the profile. What might be missing,
since the schools where the alumni went already have some information about them. LinkedIn fx. does not
have that. So the profile will not be incomplete to begin with.
Our success is measured in users. The more who create profile the better the system becomes. But how
to create awareness? Beside the actual website, we also have a facebook-site, where people can like us
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and so on. Here are some of the ways we will use facebook and other social media to attract f-commerce :
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First of all we will create a company site on different social media .
Here we can display our product and create a dialog with the community.
On facebook the user can “like” our company site, so it displays on their profile wall.
Communication is important so user will be able to comment on the facebook site, when we release an
announcement.
Also once the user has linked their facebook profile to the alumni portal profile, it will generate content on
the user’s facebook wall. Fx. “I just found my old class by using the alumni portal for free, and can follow the
entire class’ career and gives me new job opportunities”.
Hopefully the user will get new job opportunities though the portal, and write about it in their favorite social
media.
We will not spam the users facebook wall, just show the users friends what benefits there are using our
product. We want to show f-commerce how important networking is, if you want a new job. And of course
highlight our product as a tool that can turn around the increasing unemployment
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numbers. It’s not what
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you know but how you know .
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http://socialcommercetoday.com/social-commerce-definition-word-cloud-definitive-definition-list
http://econsultancy.com/uk/blog/5672-goodbye-e-commerce-hello-f-commerce
http://www.ae.dk/analyse/nye-arbejdsloshedstal-knap-9-arbejdslose-ledigt-job
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http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/1541157/Its-not-what-you-know-but-who-you-know.html
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PORTERS 5 FORCES20
Using this model will give us a good idea of what kind of competition our portal will face. It helps clarifying
what the threats could be and where they are coming from so these can be avoided or we can prepare how
we will handle them.
Substitute products/service
Other portals or services that are similar to our portal can be a threat in the way of attracting the potential
users towards their service instead of ours. This could be new portals that not yet exist, but it could also be
existing sites as LinkedIn or if sites like Facebook.com come up with a similar feature with the same purpose
as our portal.
Bargaining power of users
In this case we have two kinds of potential users: The actual people (the alumni students) who are going to
make a profile on the profile site. And then there is the schools and university that might end up using this
portal permanently. The users have the power of just not using the portal if it does not live up to their
expectations and demands. Or if we start to charge them for using it. The schools also have the power of not
using it as an official system and not introducing their alumni students to the portal.
Bargaining power of suppliers
We have chosen to outsource the actual programming of the portal. These companies can have an impact
on the cost of this portal. If the companies are asking for a higher prices than we planning on spending or if
they end up taking longer time delivering what we ordered from them, then it could end up costing us more.
On the other hand the kind of product we need our suppliers to deliver is not very hard to do and there are a
lot of companies that do programming of that kind so it would not be difficult for us to find another supplier if
the ones we have do not live up to our expectations.
Intensity of competitive rivalry
This type of service is not hard to make and it is not necessary to have large of money to get into this type
of business. That means that it is fairly easy for new competitors to get into the market and become a threat
to our alumni portal. Because of this then we have to make sure that we are the best all the time and think of
new ways where we can become even better even when we have established a large amount of users.
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A framework for industry analysis and business strategy development formed by Michael E. Porter of Harvard Business School in
1979
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Graduated Portal
These users can easily abandon our portal and start using another one if we do not make sure that we are
the best on the market.
PROGRESSION OF ECONOMIC VALUE
Todays business has to have something unique and authentic to offer the customers. That is the idea
behind the”Progression of Economic value”
21
and in this chapter we will try to see if our portal really has
something special to offer.
When we were in the early stages of the project our
portal was still at a “Service”-level. This model helped us
to understand that if we want to deliver more than just a
service then we needed to make some changes. We
need to come up with more than just a portal where the
users can look for a job. If we make this portal mean
more to the users than just another service site than we
would have a more unique product and more loyal users.
We asked our selves: How do we raise this from the Service-level to the Experience-level? We came up
with the idea that we need to involve our users more. One of the ways to do that will be arrange meetings
and gatherings for the users (the unemployed alumni’s) where they will have the chance to meet other users,
share experiences and do some networking. We will also do other events where the alumni’s and the
companies will have the chance to meet each other face to face and network together. In this way we can
create a social network within the portal community and people will maybe even make friends an create new
business contact which will make it more than just a service for all the users.
When and if the alumni’s get jobs we could also argue that our project rise from the “Experience”-level to
the “Transformation”-level since the alumni undergoes a transformation from unemployed to employed.
21
The Experience Economy: Work Is Theatre & Every Business a Stage by B. Joseph Pine and James H. Gilmore
21
Graduated Portal
THE CONCEPT OF AUTHENTICITY
The concept of authenticity22 is about “the idea of “real” and “fake,” and the arranging of these ideas on a
matrix. Along the X-axis: is it true to itself? The Y-axis is: is it what it says it is? Something that is true to
itself, and what it says it is, is considered “real-real.” Something that isn’t true to itself, and isn’t what it says it
23
is, is considered “fake-fake””
I this project we use this principle to identify the
positioning
of
the
our
product.
And
after
the
discussion, the conclusion was that our product is a
“Real/Fake” according to the real/fake matrix. The
reason is because our product is what it says it is,
“graduated portal” but it is not true to itself for the
reason that the one who benefit to the product is the
institutions, not the users who actually use the product.
PROJECT PORTRAIT
The project portrait
24
is a tool that is used to analyze special challenges in a project. It will give an overview
of the project situation and character. By doing that we will look at four approaches, each of which highlights
key aspects of project management. They are called
the four images, and are business image, technical
image, organizational image and political image.
Our project portraits are depictured as seen on the
figure.
Business image
22
James H. Gilmore and B. Joseph Pine, Authenticity: what consumers really want, Harvard Business School Press, 2007
Stephen Landau, Authenticity:The Real-Real Deal, http://findsubstance.com/2007/10/29/authenticity/, 10 Dec 2011
24
Hans Mikkelsen and Jens O. Riis – ”A project's portrait”
23
22
Graduated Portal
The business image is high with all the research and project management conducted. We are using much
time on the projects scope and having a plan so we are try to find out how the resources are provided. We
are also depended on external factors that may vary.
Technical image
Since we are developing concept for a new product, our technical image is the highest (in this phase of
thedeveloping cycle anyway). It is hard to foresee what skill the external team may need.
Later it will shift to marketing, when the product is done and business image will be the main focus
because of promotion.
Organizational image
We know who are going to use our product, and can explain the relationship between project solutions,
product and the community. We also have a good understanding of the stakeholders and can inform and
educate so others can use our product. So the entire organizational image is low.
Political image
Political image is also low, but since we need to include the universities/schools, they have a political
influence. We are on the resources (both financial and info) they provide in order to make a successful
product.
The marketing phase. After the development of our concept, we now look forwards promotion and getting
our product in the hands of the users. This means that our project portrait will change in the marketing phase
and look like this:
Business image
There is now a good clarity about how the product should look, and now we need to have even more
feedback from client, users and sponsor to optimize the product and find the right promotional strategy. We
need to be sure the resources giving by the sponsor will be used to benefit all stakeholders.
Technical image
We have a clear concept where all elements are defined. This means we know both how the
system/product should look and what the technical demands are.
Organizational image
23
Graduated Portal
With the newly developed system we will need more understanding from user’s behavior, and try to
foresee problems and change them. We will gather results from user’s navigation and if any confusion pops
up, we deal with it.
Political image
Basically we have the project plan
25
that clarifies the overall goals for the concept. Which gives a good
coalition of stakeholders around the project/product.
25
Appendix E – Project Plan
24
Graduated Portal
PRE-STUDY
Before starting any kind of new product development it is important to understand the potential market;
what kind of risk level are we dealing with? What are the projects forces and downsides? We will try to
undercover these areas in the pre-study chapter.
RISK ASSESSMENT
In the Risk assessment we will try to identify the risks for the project and how to respond to them, so they
can beminimized.
Risk identification
26
In our alumni portal there are different kinds of risks . The most important are listed here:
•
User signin. We cannot control the users, only the tools made for them to use.
•
Universities/schools attitude forwards our product. Do they feel they get value for money?
•
Will universities/schools provide the necessary information we need?
•
There are only so many universities/schools. Once they all have the product, how can we still
make money of it?
•
We need money. From venture cup, Ministry of Education or money institute. To buy equipment,
our salary and so on.
•
Outsourcing the product development. Will we have the right team and will they deliver a decent
product? And do they believe in the project?
•
Alumni portal exists in other countries, but not in Denmark. New market.
•
Concept development team immature.
Qualitative Risk analysis
This analysis helps us get a greater understanding of what risk events could happen, and what
consequences it will have on our concept development. We have already identified the most important risks
27
and by using The Mini Risk Method , we can respond accordantly.
26
27
Project Management – a complete guide by Bo Tonnquist& Jens Hørlück, page 150
25
Graduated Portal
The Mini Risk Method.
Risk
Probabilit
y
1 to 5
Impact
1 to 5
Risk
value
P* I
Shortest of numbers of user
sign in
Immature technology
2
2
4
4
4
16
Sufficient resource
management
New market in DK
3
5
15
4
2
6
Concept development team
immature
5
4
20
Risk response
Clear guide to users that can
educate them.
Look for alternatives, and
continually do usability tests.
Organize and make budget all
in advance.
Research old markets in other
countries.
Study, and keep building our
individual competencies.
There is a clear picture that our greatest risk is the team lack of experience in e-concept development. But
looking at the project goal, it will be advisable to priorities the events that will have a massive impact on the
project for other reasons. This will be done byexpandingthe Mini Risk Method we can look at the product
quality,calendar time and resources.
Quantiative Risk analysis
28
The Maxi Risk Method added with product quality, calendar time and resource .
Risk
Probabilit
Impact
Risk value
Risk response
y
1 to 5
P*I=
1 to 5
Q T R Q T
R
Universities/schools delaying
2
4 3 3 8
6
6
Make contract with penalty
info
with things get delayed.
Delay due to lengthy contract
3
1 4 3 3
1
9
Make standard contract from
negotiations
2
“prince2” to minimize delays.
Limitation on target group
4
3 2 1 1
8
4
Search alterative use of
makes product harder to keep
2
product or alternative market
selling
(countries).
Product development delays
4
4 4 5 1
1
2
Add penalty with contract is
(outsourcing)
6
6
0
unfulfilled.
Lack of funds for project
1
4 2 2 4
2
2
Negotiate with sponsors
Sum total =
4
4
4
3
4
1
Q = Product quality
T = Calendar time
R = Resources
Unfortunately there is none of the triple constraints that have the highest risk value, meaning that our focus
will be on every three constraints.
28
26
Graduated Portal
Risk response planning 29
The greatest risk is the team lack of experience in e-concept development. For now we must accept this
risk, and have the foresight to realize that as time go by, the knowledge of the team will expand and keep
doing so.
Because of the teams sufficient programming skills we need an external team to make the product. To be
able to “control” what is outsourced, we need contract that makes sure that any breach will resolve in
penalty.
This is some of the responses that will reduce risksin our concept development. Making contracts the in
universities/schools is also necessary to reduce cost, and of course looking at all risks throughout the project
is advisable to make a high quality product in the end.
SWOT
30
We decided to perform a SWOT analysis , where we gathered all the information from our pre-study in
order to create a clearer picture of the project.
Strengths
No portal like it in Denmark now
Unique
Weaknesses
The portal is useless without the users
It takes times before the portal is up and running
No one knows the portal yet
Opportunities
Spread the portal to other countries
29
30
See full analysis in Appendix E – Project Plan
27
Graduated Portal
Social events and gatherings for the users
The unemployment rate
Threats
The schools – if they will not work together with us
Other compeditiors: new portals similar to ours
Other systems/portals in the other countries
Unemployment rate going down /people having no problems finding jobs
Pre-study conclusion
In order to gain some perspective to the project we have taken several steps concerning both the internal
situation as well as the external situation.
From the analysis we can conclude that we still need to do some research, especially when it comes to
negotiate with schools and sufficient programming skills.
When it comes to risk assessment we have several issues which we need to be very aware and just the
fact that we have done the necessary testing and found these risks is a great way of assuring, lesser risks
31
and a better end product .
PROJECT PLANNING METHOD
Using a dynamic system development method
32
an appropriate where we don’t know solution yet. You can
keep making newer version which means thatit become difficult to make requirement specifications. This
method is high on managementdemand but works well with other models like Agile.
Milestone Method
33
In this project we are doing a comprehensive view, which is suitable for a smaller project .
31
32
See Appendix E – Project Plan, for more pre-study details
See model in Appendix F, Project Management – a complete guide by Bo Tonnquist& Jens Hørlück, page 111
28
Graduated Portal
Objective
Create a substantial concept that satisfactorily can be executed by a development team, to make online
web portal that unite the graduated students and can share information about their life and further career(s).
Goal
To make an online system with easy access for graduated students. Also statistics for teachers,
administrators, Ministry of Education etc. to access and use for own benefit.
Resource requirement
The concept team
JEANETT, as a group PR and manager will be a key contact person
BONITA, will have the project charter as a main responsibility which includes project strategy, planning
and allocate task to each group member.
SØREN, will perform Quality Assurance. As he is the “brain” of the group, his focus will be identification of
methodologies and theory that will be used for project.
Belbin tests
In the beginning of this project we wanted to create the strongest team possible, to minimize and
understand our weaknesses, and of course our strengths, which ultimately bring us on the path of success.
34
Our chosen tool to achieve this is the Belbin test . The Belbin test allows us to identify each group
member’s strengths and weaknesses, and use this knowledge in the best possible way. Knowing our
specialties
35
will also create more understanding between each group members essentially further tolerates
and respect. Furthermore we individually looked at the Belbin to find others that can complement one
another. Thus our team was created. One thing to note of the test result is that when mentioned how an
individual can benefit from another, one of us have that quality.
We are a small project group, which means that we have a lot of tasks to do. Using Agile, we give must
responsibilities to the individual, and trusting the person to get the work done. This opposes a certain risk
factor. We have a project management tool to guide us forward, which fortunately early showed how was
doing what, when and so on. This resulted in a sacking of a team member.
33
http://www.belbin.com
35
Appendix G - Belbin test results
34
29
Graduated Portal
Our lack of a consensus paper
36
early on could have prevented this and created common understanding of
the work effort and style. We will however be aware in the future of team members work efforts, both
existing, when hiring new, and outsourcing team.
Team core values
As mentioned the team has different roles
37
being as small as it is, but with very different qualities. We are
able to generate great ideas, but still take duties and responsibilities seriously.
We demand high quality in our work and have the ability to communicate and co-ordinate various tasks.
We will get things done in time and are leading by example. We are good at turning plans into effective
action and being productive.
We have the ability to facilitate innovation and progress by using whatever resources we can find and by
38
using social skills to deflect opposition .
Combining all whose work styles in the group have a strong foundations for creating a unique concept,
develop it on time and estimation the costs.
STRENGTHS
The most important point of strength in our group is the good communication and the environment of
respect and friendship. Each of the group members is ready to help the other member if necessary and the
multi cultural aspect is the great advantage of the group and gives our group more opportunities for the
possible international business contacts.
Other strength points in our group when handling works:
•
The flexibility in the work times
•
Good listening to each other’s opinions
•
Moderation and collaboration
•
Organization and arrangement
•
Academically way of working on the project
36
Appendix H - Consensus paper
See PROJECT PLANNING METHOD, The concept team, Salary. Appendix - Project development model, Scrum development plan
– scrum roles
38
Appendix G - Belbin test results, strengths
37
30
Graduated Portal
39
We are very different individuals, and have our own work style , which means we complement one
another, but also means that we sometimes have very different and strong opinions about work hours,
methods and deadlines. However we respect each other opinions and give space for every team member to
be an individual and use their own work style.
WEAKNESSES
The times of top dedication to work changes per group member, each one have a different work dedication
time, which makes the implementation work together a little complicated, so that is what makes us working
individual on our tasks, and the meetings were just to discuss what we have been done and divide the tasks
and analyzing the work.
Here we could have taking better usage of the scrum development model, and stay more true to the daily
40
scrum meetings . We could have benefited more from that.
Equipment
According to the Basic expectations of the initial concept idea for this semester, throughout the duration of
the planning, researches and implementation of the project the used software’s and tools will be as follows:
•
Microsoft words – text editing tool
•
Adobe Photoshop – main software that is used for image editing when necessary
•
Adobe Illustrator - create vector graphic element such as logo and also other graphics that will use
through the project
•
Adobe Indesign - Lay outing the report and relevant documents
•
Adobe Firework – create prototype of product
•
Omni Graffle – tool to create chart diagram
•
Zoho.com - web based project management tool, using for keep track of jobs, tasks, meetings and
deadlines
Time
There are 3 people working on this concept for 5 days a week for 2 months. The daily estimated work-time
41
is 6,7 hours .
39
Appendix G - Belbin test results
The Scrum Papers: Nuts, Bolts, and Origins of an Agile Process, by Jeff Sutherland
41
See Appendix I - SCRUM DEVELOPMENT PLAN
40
31
Graduated Portal
Money
What we have here is the money estimate for needed resources. Firstly our team needs an office to work
in.
•
•
•
•
•
•
42
Location - An office at 163 m² cost per. month about: 7800 kr.43
Salary - We have been giving different roles and titles in this project, and here is the salary for the
suitable role, so we know what to expect to get paid.
Project manager - 42.800 kr.Produktionsplanlægger- 34.400 kr.Quality Manager - 37.200 kr.Designer - 36.400 kr.-
Hardware 44
Form the equipment we can see what we need to pay for here.
•
2 x Apple MacBook Pro - 15580 kr.-
•
2 x ASUS Eee PC 1011PX - 3214 kr.-
Software 45
•
4 x Microsoft Windows 7 Home Premium - 3164 kr.-
•
4 x Microsoft Office Home and Business 2010 - 5524kr.-
•
2 x Adobe Creative Suite 5.5 Master Collection - 12038 kr.-
For full detail on total amount of money spend on project, look at the Project charter in appendix.
42
http://aberdeen.dk/kontor-44-telegrafvej-5-st-tv-ballerup/
https://www.lederne.dk/lho/Ansaettelsesvilkaar/ansaettelsensstart/loen/LedernesLonstatistik.htm
http://www.edbpriser.dk/
45
43
44
32
Graduated Portal
Math Estimation Method - Lichtenberg Technique
46
The “successive principle” is here used to assessment the labor hours in a project . We have calculated
that it will take between 45 and 61 days
47
(with 95% probability) to make the entire project.
This method can help clarify any uncertainties in the project, and can be used on each task. If an
uncertainty arises that a greater than our sponsors can accept, we may have to break the task into smaller
tasks.
Tough we see this technique as a nice method and show goodwill forwards the sponsor, it will take too
much of our time and money to apply it on all our tasks. We do also have a fully functional time and task
management in the scrum method and Zoho.
46
47
Appendix J - Lichtenberg Technique calculation
!
33
Graduated Portal
PROJECT DEVELOPMENT MODEL
48
The general project model we use can be seen below. We feel this model gives us a good overview what
needs to be included to make a successful, and help see the hole of our project. It’s phase based, and have
relevant analysis that easily show if the concept in development is faulty, and need to be binned (pre-study).
48
34
Graduated Portal
PRINCE2
Now that we have a general idea of the project, we also
need a project management tool. PRINCE2
49
provides a
structured method for managing projects within a clearly
defined
framework
(the
PRINCE2
50
components ).
PRINCE2 describes procedures to coordinate people and
activities in a project, how to design and supervise the
project, and what to do if the project has to be adjusted if it
doesn’t develop as planned.
Sometimes PRINCE2 are considered inappropriate
51
for
small projects or where requirements are expected to
change. This is why we also be using the software
development method Agile and especially scrum under
product development. We hope PRINCE2 and Agile will
benefit from each other.
The Cockburn Scale
Before getting to Agile software development methods however, we will describe how much formal
52
process our software-based concept requires. This is done with the Cockburn Scale , looking at project's
development staff and the worst probable effect of an unremedied defect.
Process criticality is defined as:
L
L6
L20
L40
L100
E
E6
E20
E40
E100
Loss of Discretionary Money (D)
D
D6
D20
D40
D100
Loss of Comfort (C)
C C6
C20
C40
C100
1-6
7-20
21-40
41-100
•
Loss of Life (L)
•
Loss of Essential Money (E)
•
•
We are three people in our team, so until we get funding from the sponsors we a C4- “low cost” project.
49
http://memoprojects.blogspot.com/2011/02/project-management-frameworks-pmbokpmi.html
Appendix K - PRINCE2 components
51
http://www.coursework.info/University/Business_and_Administrative_studies/Management_Studies/EFFICIENCY_OF_PRINCE2_A
S_A_ PROJECT_MANAG_L873510.html ”5.PROBLEMS WITH PRINCE2”
52
http://alistair.cockburn.us/Methodology+per+project
50
35
Graduated Portal
Agile
The
project”Graduated
53
development tool, Agile
Portal”
uses
the
software
as a planning method for adaptive
planning and response to change in the project. Since we are
a small company we will trust in the individual to get the job
done
and
on
a
daily
basis
go
through
to
projects
54
development .
The framework for Agile is an iterative, incremental for
project management tool called Scrum
55
.
53
Beck, Kent; et al. (2001). "Manifesto for Agile Software Development", The Software Project Manager’s Bridge to Agility, by
Michele Sliger and Stacia Broderick
54
http://www.agilemanifesto.org/
55
36
Graduated Portal
Using the predefined roles
56
we will have a more dynamic approach to our project and create a beneficial
dialog with stakeholders and team(s) throughout the project. Also it’s suitable for a small number of
developers, unlike PRINCE2. So we will try to get the best of both worlds, which looks a bit like this:
57
We have considered DSDM Atern , but we find burndown chart a better tool then timeboxing. Burndown
chart seems easier to manage, and becomes small milestone which are easy to measure.
56
57
Appendix I - Scrum Development Plan
http://www.dsdm.org/dsdm-atern
37
Graduated Portal
BALANCED SCORECARD AND FUTURE STRATEGIES
The reason for making a ”Balanced Scorecard”
58
for this project is that it will helpus to organize and
manage our visions for the future of the project. And in the end be a help to the project so these ideas, goals
and visions will actually come true and make sure that all employees of and involved in the portal are working
towards these goals.
Financial
Our financial goal is to be earning money on the portal. We do not know how much this could be since we
do not know how big of a success our idea is going to be. We also do not know if we will be able to
implement this in other countries. But we have the goal that we will not end up loosing money on the idea. It
should be able to generate money enough for all expenses to be covered. This money will come from the
schools paying for using our portal. The users (alumni students) will not be charge for using the portal, but in
time extra features could be introduced to the portal that the users could choose to have for the exchange of
a small amount of money (like extra features that will make their search for a job easer, but they will still be
able to use the portal without having to pay). Companies that want to gain access to the unemployed
alumni’s have to pay in the long term, but in the start phase we will allow some big companies in without
paying so we can get the portal going. The companies that gain free access will have to pay an amount of
money to the portal if they end up hiring one of the alumni’s from using the portal.
Goal: The portal generates money enough to have some employees and still make a profit for us and the
shareholders. There should be a return of investment.
Customers
Out customers are the alumni students, the schools and the companies. What we have to deliver to these
three is a functional portal that will benefit all of them. By the first year we want to be responsible for 30% of
the people getting hired from looking for jobs online. In 5 years we want to be the biggest preferred online job
portal in Denmark.
Goal: To be the biggest and preferred portal people go to when they are searching for a job in 5 years.
Internal business process
We need to be a serious portal with everything working, having minimal (or no) downtime and a high rate
of people finding a job with the help of our portal. Our future goal in this area is to keep evolving the portal so
58
Project Management – a complete guide by Bo Tonnquist & Jens Hørlück page 307
38
Graduated Portal
it does not end up seeming out-dated for the users. We want to create new features for the portal so it keeps
adding new possibilities (and so we will not loose market percentages of the market to new competitors).
Goal: Introducing at least 3 new features for each type of user (alumni, company, school) a year. Keep
developing the portal with new features and activities.
Learning and growth
To reach our goals specifically in the area of the internal business process we need some qualified
employees to develop these features. The technical creation of the portal is being outsourced, but in the long
run it will be easier and possibly more low cost to have some employees working on maintenance and
development of new features. There will also be need for at least one employee to take care of marketing so
the portal can get as many new users, schools and companies interested as possible. At the launch of the
portal we should already have a employee that has the skills of taking care of technical maintenance.
Goal: Hire 2-3 employees within the first year for: developing new features for the portal and marketing.
INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL COMMUNICATION
To create an understanding about the way to communicate inside our group (Internally) and also to find out
the ideal style of networking (Externally), we most have an idea about the project stakeholders and we most
be aware about the importance of the stakeholder’s communication and its importance to reach the general
objectives of the project.
Objectives:
•
•
•
Our general goal in this project is the creation of a digital product “website” with full functionality,
which can be used by graduated students through the higher education schools to keep contact and
be aware about the schools news.
Bringing our product to the business phase by finding the client and seal our digital product to the
schools.
Continuity of the business and growth.
Stakeholders’ communication:
Stakeholders are the audience or”interest groups” of the organization, which it wouldn’t exist without.
Professor of strategy, Edward Freeman introduced the notion of the stakeholder to management, defining it
as “any group or individual who can affect or who is affected by the achievement of the firm’s
59
objectives.” The idea beyond stakeholder management begins since the late 1980’s when “the mangers of
59
Corporate communication, Cheney page 98
39
Graduated Portal
many organizations realized that their organizations are dependent upon a range of stake holding groups
instead of just a rather select group of financial investors or customers alone.”
60
Before 1980, the mangers of the organizations only communicated with a very specific group of
stakeholders, like the investors or the customers, just the people who they have financial deals with.
Now, the more organizations communicate with groups of stakeholders the more they get successful.
In our project we try to provide a new service for the end users whom we do not have any direct financial
bond with; they are the graduated students and we create our product to be a useful service for them to keep
the contact with old friends and change experiences and maybe find a new job through the website, so there
are some social benefits that gives our product more chance for growth and continuity.
Rhetoric-Mode of persuasion:
In our case, we have to see our group as an organization that works for a project which is the Graduated
portal and the internally stakeholders of this project are the group participants. The externally stakeholders
are those organizations or individuals that belongs to the certain groups of suppliers, client or end users.
In order to find the communication accessibility adequate to each group of stakeholders, we used the three
rhetorical appeals: Ethos, Logos and Pathos.
The right rhetorical appeal by each group of stakeholders is the right approach of persuasion.
60
Corporate communication A guide to theory and practice page 38
40
Graduated Portal
Internally Communication
Cines we know that the well understanding of the task is the condition for the good work performance, than
the cooperation between the group members to make sure that each one have the adequate understanding
about the tasks and meetings and discus the range of importance of doing the tasks for the project ware the
ways how we communicate to each author and the respect was the key word to keep the good
communication in the internal environment.
During the project weeks we had different kind of group meetings:
Information meetings, Work meeting and Decision meeting.
The biggest matter for each group member was the implementation of the project and that was the major
objective and the most used rhetorical appeal during the work process between the group participants was
“LOGOS” and that was in form of logical thinking, sharing the ideas and the tasks, finding solutions and
discus the ways.
Externally communication
We see our external stakeholders as fundamental basic for our major objective, which is bringing our
project into the business phase and of course that is the condition for the continuity of our product live cycle.
The suppliers:They are those persons who help the project with workforce and knowledge from outside of
our group. Seen oursituationasstudentswhoneed helpforstudyaims, we can use the rhetorical appeal
“PATHOS” as persuasion way to change their viewpoints and persuade themto help us.
The client: The schools/univercities who going to pay for our product “the graduated portal” andit will
befinancialassociation
between our group and them. They need to trost our products capability and see documented datas about
it. rhetorical appeal “ETHOS” will be the best way to convince.
41
Graduated Portal
End users: They are the alumni students, the have to get the logical information about the benefits of
using the digital product to convince them and the appeal “LOGOS” is the best rhetorical way.
International issues
Our main focus on this project is the Danish market to begin with. There are several of reasons why we
are choosing to do that. One of the reasons is that our idea partially came to life and was based on how the
Danish job market is at the moment. Even though there is an international crisis at the moment and that we
see problems with growing unemployment everywhere in Europe and the rest of the world, then the job
markets in the countries are very different. It might not be the same groups of people in society who are
having problems finding jobs in Spain as it is USA or in Bulgaria. This is why it would be wisest to make and
finish this concept for one country at the time. When we are done with one country then we can move on to
the next and change the parts according to how their society and job market are different from the prototype /
first concept. Another thing that is different from country to country is that there is a difference on when
society counts a person as unemployed. In England people in internships are counted as having a job while
that same person in the same internship in Denmark would be counted as unemployed. So one person might
look unemployed in the portal in Denmark while a person in the same situation in England might not – this
will make it difficult to compare numbers between the countries.
Another problem could be that the law revolving how much of your personal information a company (or
student portal) can share with others (like a company that is interested in the student portal database to find
possible employees) can be different from country to country too. All these things need to be looked into
before the portal can be launched internationally.
INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS NEGOTIATION
In every project there is the need for negotiations. Whether it is with external shareholders, regarding
contracts or it is within the internal part of the project with the decision makers.
We have to external shareholders that we have to negotiate with in this case; the suppliers of the parts that
we chose to outsource and negotiation with the schools when we have to sell them our idea.
Suppliers
We have chosen to outsource the technical part of the portal to someone outside of this project. We have
looked at both Danish companies and international companies. We need to have a dialog with them where
our demands for the outsourcing are met. When working together with an international company there is
42
Graduated Portal
some things that we need to be a where of since our work habits and culture can be very different. An
example could be that deadlines are maybe not taken as seriously in some countries than in Denmark. So if
we agree on a deadline with an international company then we need be clear if we can expect from them and
when. Time difference cool also be a factor if we choose to outsource the technical part to a company
overseas.
Schools
Our focus in the beginning is only at the Danish market and Danish schools. There will no be cultural
differences here, but instead it is important that we during negotiations make it clear for the schools that they
also will benefit from implementing this system at the schools. It is also important for us that we in these
negotiations actually make sure, that if we give the schools the right to use the portal that they also will tell
their students and alumni’s about the portal. Otherwise the students will not know about it and then there is
no point for us to spend time implementing this at the schools. This should clearly be one of our demands
where we cannot compromise
When we start spreading the portal to other countries then we have to be aware of cultural differences
again; maybe there is a different way the students search for job or maybe it is not normal for the schools to
meddle in how and if the alumni’s find jobs after their education is finished.
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Graduated Portal
INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE
“Information architecture is a specialized skill set that interprets information and expresses distinctions
between signs and systems of signs. More concretely, it involves the categorization of information into a
coherent structure, preferably one that the intended audience can understand quickly, if not inherently, and
61
then easily retrieve the information for which they are searching”
Graduated portal
Main page
News/event
content and functions on user main page
About
Our partner
Join
Term and
condition
Coming
event
Add
network
Search
classmate
Friends's
update
User sub-site
User main
page
Profile
Profile edit/update
Manual
Edit profile
Login
Connect to
FB/LinkedIn
content and functions on admin main page
Admin (login)
information
Coming
event
Reminder/
news
Search
alumni
School sub-site
CMS
Admin main
page
Report/Statistic
Graduated portal is considering a huge system design and the functions are complicated. For that reason,
we need illustration of the information architecture, such things like use case diagram, or website blueprint
which are often referred to as “site map”
62
in order to give more simplicity and more clarifications when we
rd
have to explain technical specifications of the concept to the 3 parties, such as client or the suppliers.
Main page
News/event
About
Join
Our partner
Term and
condition
Login
User main
page
Admin main
page
CMS
Report/Statistic
Graduated portal : site map
61
62
Rosenfeld, L., Morville, P., Information architecture for the World Wide Web, O'Reilly & Associates, Sebastopol,1998
Peter Morville and Louis Rosenfeld, IA : Information Architecture for the World wide Web, O'Reilly Media, Inc.,2006, P.296
44
Graduated Portal
BUDGET
63
The budget is based the estimated time set to each task in the project management tool Zoho . In “Project
planning method” we put numbers on how much it costs to have equipment, getting paid, have an office and
so on.
64
All this estimated time and money is put in to the “Project Charter ”, and shows that the estimated cost for
this project is 333918 kr.-.
However the estimated amount has predefined working hours, which is 319, and isn’t the actual amount of
working hours. In Zoho we are able to start a timer when a team member begins or continue a task and stop
the timer once we are done. So, the actual amount of working hours is only 101 hours.
The problem with the timer feature is the factor of human mistakes. All of us have forgotten to start the
timer when working with a task. Also we bought the timer feature late in the concept development, so there
are some uncertainties with the working hours.
Preferably as a company we would like to have a fixed estimation of the working hours, to present to the
sponsor. If we show the sponsor or client the internal task management they might say we overcharge for
our work, and don’t look at the human mistakes as was mentioned.
CONCLUSION
During this part of our project we have gotten a clear idea of our concept and what needs to be done
further along. We have work with sketching and mock-ups for the portal.
We have decided to outsource the programming of the portal itself so we can get more qualified people to
do it. Then we can spend our time on developing the concept more into details instead of spending time on
programming. We will focus on the Danish market first since we found out that there can be differences from
job market to job market in different countries. A goal in the future will then be to spread the use of the portal
to other countries. We found out that there is other alumni portals in other countries, but they are not
completely like our and they also only cover a few schools, and not a whole country. But these other alumni
sites can be to great inspiration to us.
In the half of the project we have also gotten a clear idea of how each member of our group work and what
our strengths and weaknesses are. These will be useful for us for the rest of the semester.
63
64
http://project.zoho.com
Appendix M – Project charter
45
Graduated Portal
We still have some loose ends that need to be tired up in the next part of the project. But we are aware of
what these parts are and have a plan for when they need to be done in the near future.
LITTERATURE LIST
Books + notes
“Project Management – a complete guide”, by Bo Tonnquist and Jens Hørluck
“The Software Project Managers´s Bridge to Agility” by Slieger abd Broderick. Addison-Wesley,
Managing Projects Large and Small (Harvard Business Essentials): The Fundamental Skills for Delivering
on Budget and on Time
“Et projekts portræt”. Af Mikkelsen og Riis www.prodevo.dk/pdf/portraet.pdf, Prodevo 1998
Jeff Sutherland and Ken Schwaber: “Nuts, Bolts, and Origins of an Agile Process. “
Cultures and Organisations –Software of the mind. Geert Hofstede, Gert jan Hofstede, Michael Minkov
Communication in Global Business Negotiations – A geocentric approach, Jill E. Rudd and Diana R.
Lawson
The Experience Economy: Work Is Theatre & Every Business a Stage by B. Joseph Pine and James H.
Gilmore
“Web Project management” – Ashley Friedlein, 2001, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers
“A Project Guide to UX Design” by Unger & Chandler
Buxton, Bill (2007) Sketching User Experiences, Morgan Kaufmann
Paul, Christina (2008) Digital Art (2008) (Second Edition)
Remediation (2000), Bolter and Grusin
“Genre: A useful construct for researching online communication for the workplace”, CARLINER Saul,
BOSWOOD Timothy (2004)
Corporate communication, Cheney
Corporate communication A guide to theory and practice
46
Graduated Portal
Rosenfeld, L., Morville, P., Information architecture for the World Wide Web, O'Reilly & Associates,
Sebastopol,1998
Peter Morville and Louis Rosenfeld, IA : Information Architecture for the World wide Web, O'Reilly Media,
Inc.,2006
Websites
http://learnmarketing.net/promotion.htm
http://www.teambuildersplus.com/mission_vision.html
http://aberdeen.dk/kontor-44-telegrafvej-5-st-tvballerup/https://www.lederne.dk/lho/Ansaettelsesvilkaar/ansaettelsensstart/loen/LedernesLonstatistik.htm
http://www.fagligt.eu/arbejdsmarkedet/eutal/jobSept.aspx
http://modkraft.dk/nyheder/article/arbejdsloshed-rammer-danskeungehttp://loumannlissau.ning.com/profiles/blogs/kvinder-bruger-mest-tid-paa
http://www.fyens.dk/koncernen
http://learnmarketing.net/promotionexpanded.htm
http://blog.overskrift.dk/2011/03/23/danske-twitter-tal-for-februar2011/http://socialcommercetoday.com/social-commerce-definition-word-cloud-definitive-definition-list
http://www.belbin.com
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Graduated Portal
Appendix
Appendix ........................................................................................................................................................... 1!
A - Example of alumni portal .................................................................................................................. 2!
B - First draft ........................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.!
C - Combining sketch ............................................................................................................................. 3!
D – Facebook estimation ........................................................................................................................ 4!
E – Project Plan ...................................................................................................................................... 5!
F – Dynamic system development method .......................................................................................... 15!
G – Belbin test result ............................................................................................................................ 16!
H – Consensus paper ........................................................................................................................... 19!
I – Scrum development plan ................................................................................................................. 20!
J – Lichtenberg Technique calculation ................................................................................................. 28!
K – PRINCE2 components ................................................................................................................... 29!
L – Use case diagrams ......................................................................................................................... 30!
1
Graduated Portal
A - Example of alumni portal
Massart
http://alumni.massart.edu/s/1432/start.aspx?sid=1432&gid=1&pgid=61
Alumniportal Deutschland
http://www.alumniportal=deutschland.org/services/about=the=alumniportal=deutschland.html
International School of Brussels Alumni
http://www.isb.be/page.cfm?p=78
Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion's Alumni
http://elearning2.huc.edu/continuinged/
Suny Fredonia Alumni directory
http://alumni.fredonia.edu/AboutUs.aspx
McGill Alumni Portal
http://www.alumnilive365.mcgill.ca/news/alumni_services/students/
Alumni Portal of the University of Stuttgart
http://www.alumni.uni=stuttgart.de/ehemalige/index.en.html
Temasek Polytechnic Alumni Portal
http://www=alumni.tp.edu.sg/aps_home.htm
St. Hilda's& St. Hugh's alumni portal
https://www.sthildas.org/podium/default.aspx?t=109109
Ivey Alumni Portal
https://apps.ivey.ca/AlumniPortal/loginpage.aspx
2
Graduated Portal
C - Combining sketch
3
Graduated Portal
D – Facebook estimation
4
Graduated Portal
E – Project Plan
PROJECT PLAN
Project name
Client /Sponsor
Project manager
Graduated portal/Alumni portal
Ministeriet for Forskning, Innovation og Videregående Uddannelser
Jeanett Drevsfeldt
1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Student portal for graduated students on higher level educations. This portal is a tool for keeping track
of the graduates and if, when and where they get jobs. This information can then be used to find out
which graduates succeed in their hunt for a job and what they might be doing different than the fellow
graduates that are still unemployed. The portal could also be used to keep in contact with these people
and maybe offer them guidance and courses which can improve their chances of finding a job. There is
no such portal in Denmark today.
2. BACKGROUND, OBJECTIVE AND GOAL
Background
Different teachers and universities have expressed the need to be able to track their alumni’s further
careers, and pull up statistics about for instants the necessary for a certain education. The education is
dependent on the money giving from the government.
Objective
Create a substantial concept that satisfactorily can be executed by a development team, tomake online
web portal that unite the graduated students and can share information abouttheir life and further
career(s).
Goal
To make an online system with easy access for graduated students. Also statistics for
teachers,administrators, Ministry of Education etc. to access and use for own benefit.
Limitations
We don’t want to be another social media like facebook or twitter. Our main focus is to make the
product attractive to alumni and when be easy for the administrators to get usable knowledge and data to
5
Graduated Portal
get a greater understanding of alumni behavior.
3. REQUIREMENT SPECIFICATION
Product requirement
•
The product will be able to assist alumni in getting information about future career
opportunities. Alumni can via social edit their profile easily.
•
The product must be user-friendly and easy to understand for both alumni and administrators.
•
The administrators should have a clear understanding of how to manage the data giving be
alumni’s.
Project requirement
•
The concept must commence October the 31th and close December the 16th.
•
The project budget is around 300000 kr.- and includes everything.
•
The project group are working out of the agile manifesto and using scrum for meetings.
•
The project group must use a project management system to keep track of progress.
Prerequisites
•
Client must provide information about users.
•
Sponsor must give resources to able to create product
4. HANDOVER AND IMPLEMENTATION
•
Both product and documentation will be handed over digitally.
•
System will be uploaded to a server and ready to able to create content.
5. SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS AND STAKEHOLDERS
SWOT-analysis
Strengths
No portal like it in Denmark now
Unique
Opportunities
Spread the portal to other countries
Social events and gatherings for the users
The unemployment rate
Weakness
The portal is useless without the users
It takes times before the portal is up and running
No one knows the portal yet
Threats
The schools – if they will not work together with us
Other competitors: new portals similar to ours
Other systems/portals in the other countries
Unemployment rate going down /people having no
6
Graduated Portal
problems finding jobs
Conclusions
Our strengths right now is that there is now portal like ours in Denmark right now so there is a place for
us in the marked. The opportunities for the concept lie in spreading the portal to other countries when it is
well known and established in Denmark. Other great opportunity that would could help us to create a
whole world and full experience of the portal would be to create social events and gatherings for the
users. This could help them to network with each other and make it feel more “real” than if they were just
sitting at home in front of the computer.
The unemployment rate in Denmark right now is high and this is an opportunity for us since that would
mean that there are more people that are potential users of this portal than if the unemployment rate was
low at the moment.
One of the portals big weaknesses is that it is depending on the users. Without the users it is pretty
much useless since no companies would come and look for employees if none one is in the system. And
even if a lot of people would be interested in becoming users then it would still take some time for the
portal to be filled up with users. Threats in the future could be if others get the same idea and build the
same kind of portal. And when we go global then other similar portals/systems that we know of in other
countries would be competitors.
Stakeholder mapping
Stakeholders are people or/and companies that are working with or for us in this concept development.
All of them have an interest in this project succeeding. Some of them is contributing with money and a
workforce, but they do also have some demands. The stakeholders for this project:
•
Our selves: We need to put time and knowledge into this project if we want to be able to have
a great end product which we may be able to sell to the schools.
•
The suppliers: They supply the project with a workforce and knowledge, and in return the want
to get paid for their work. An example of suppliers could be the firm(s) that is going to program
the portal for us.
•
The schools: They are our “customers”. They are given a useful portal if they are willing to pay
for it.
•
End user: The graduates need to be willing to share their personal information on the portal or
otherwise the portal will be useless. They have the opportunity to gain a job in the end.
7
Graduated Portal
6. MILESTONES, ACTIVITIES AND SCHEDULE
Milestone plan
Problem definition describing what problem you are solving generally for your client/company/target
group for Friday November 4th 2011 at 12:001.
Activity list
See PRODUCT BACKLOG, SCRUM DEVELOPMENT PLAN in appendix
1
For further detail, see appendix - Project development model
8
Graduated Portal
Gantt chart
9
Graduated Portal
7. ORGANIZATION AND STAFFING
Roles, responsibilities and authorities
2
JEANETT, as a group PR and manager will be a key contact person
2
Other roles see Appendix - SCRUM DEVELOPMENT PLAN
10
Graduated Portal
BONITA, will have the project charter as a main responsibility which includes project strategy,
planning and allocate task to each group member.
SØREN, will perform Quality Assurance. As he is the “brain” of the group, his focus will be
identification of methodologies and theory that will be use for project.
8. PROJECT BUDGET
Internal costs
External costs
Other costs
Summary
283918 kr.50000 kr.333918 kr.-
9. COMMUNICATION AND QUALITY ASSURANCE
Reports and documents
Tracking process that coming with Zoho software
3.
Communication plan
As mentioned in the principles of scrum. We are using the daily scrum to find out we are in the process
and where we are headed. Here you can see we communicate4 daily, and also when we are doing a
sprint.
Meetings
3
4
What
Daily Scrum(work)
Audience
Team
Frequency
Daily
Key stakeholders
Team,
client/sponsor
Sprint Planning
Meeting
Team
Start, middle
and end of
project
Beginning of
sprint
Negotiations
Team, contractor
2 weeks
Evaluation
PM, QM
End of project
Steering
Team,
Monthly
Responsible
PM
Comm tool
FB, face to
face,
phone
Face to
face
PM
Face to
face,
facebook
Face to
face, skype
Face to
face
Face to
CEO
http://www.project.zoho.com
Project Management – a complete guide by Bo Tonnquist & Jens Hørlück, page 166
11
Graduated Portal
Committee
client/sponsor
Decision
Team
face
Monthly
Face to
face,
skype,
facebook
Site,
facebook
Reports /
Formal status
PM, PP
Twice monthly
Other
reports
comm
Internally we use meet every day, but also uses social network like facebook. Other decisions are
taking over the phone or the text.
We have found that not being face to face can be a disadvantage, when one of us faces a problem.It
can by a huge help asking for a team members opinion in the flesh. We use a cloud-based project
management tool in which the PM hands out tasks and every team member can use and manage. It
gives a great overview of the status of the project, and where we are headed.
We see social media as an advantage to communication our vision to customers (users of the site). In
our product there will be news-page and a way for the customer to interact using social media. We will
make sure to have a company site on facebook and other social media. This is a way to open a dialog
with the community, as well as our sponsor and make sure our product life up to what they expect.
Quality assurance
By using a quality assurance manager we will ensure that not too many mistakes are made. The
quality assurance manager will do this by using Dr. W. Edwards Deming’s DCA (plan–do–check–act)
model.
12
Graduated Portal
Change management
Any major change in the project will be evaluated in the group and step will be taken to see the
consequence of the charge. A committee or the project manager approve the charge and implement it or
reject it.
10. RISK ANALYSIS AND RESPONSE PLANNING
This analysis helps us get a greater understanding of what risk events could happen, and what
consequences it will have on our concept development. We have already identified the most important
5
risks and by using The Mini Risk Method , we can respond accordantly.
The Mini Risk Method.
Risk
5
Probability
1 to 5
Impact
1 to 5
Shortest of numbers of user
sign in
Immature technology
2
2
Risk
value
P* I
4
4
4
16
Sufficient resource
management
3
5
15
Risk response
Clear guide to users that can
educate them.
Look for alternatives, and
continually do usability tests.
Organize and make budget all
in advance.
13
Graduated Portal
New market in DK
4
2
6
Concept development team
immature
5
4
20
Research old markets in other
countries.
Study, and keep building our
individual competencies.
There is a clear picture that our greatest risk is the team lack of experience in e-concept development.
But looking at the project goal, it will be advisable to priorities the events that will have a massive impact
on the project for other reasons. This will be done byexpandingthe Mini Risk Method we can look at the
product quality,calendar time and resources.
Risk response planning
The greatest risk is the team lack of experience in e-concept development. For now we must accept
this risk, and have the foresight to realize that as time go by, the knowledge of the team will expand and
keep doing so.
Because of the teams sufficient programming skills we need an external team to make the product. To
be able to “control” what is outsourced, we need contract that makes sure that any breach will resolve in
penalty.
This is some of the responses that will reduce risks in our concept development. Making contracts the
in universities/schools is also necessary to reduce cost, and of course looking at all risks throughout the
project is advisable to make a high quality product in the end.
14
Graduated Portal
F – Dynamic system development method
Fig. DSDM spiral model
15
Graduated Portal
G – Belbin test result
16
Graduated Portal
17
Graduated Portal
18
Graduated Portal
H – Consensus paper
Project title: 1st semester exam project "Graduated Portal"
Year: 2011 Name of group members: Bonita Hansen, SørenPryds and JeanettDrevsfeldt
Consensus on the group work:
1. Responsibilities
a. Who is the team manager?
i. Jeanett Drevsfeldt
b. Who has the responsibility for knowing where the group work is?
i. Each group member is responsible for their own work, every time changes are made it will be uploaded
and shared on Zoho in the "Tasks" or "Meetings" folder
2. Decision making process rules
a. How do you make decisions in the group? (Majority/discussion/anarchy)
i. All decisions are based on majority rules.
3. Work in project rules
a. When do we meet:
i. Ones or twice a week, unless other is agreed.
b. Where do we meet?
i. At the school
4. How do we give messages to each other?
a. Quick messages (regarding meetings):
i. phone
b. General information:
i. email (if important notify by sms)
5. Other rules for the way we work together:
a. Check email as the latest at 9 pm (21.00) group members cannot expect reply on emails sent after 9 pm
before 9am the following day.
b. All group members must show up on time
c. If a group member is prevented from attending meeting or ordinary class, they should contact Bonita
Hansen by phone (52179222) she will then notify the rest of the group.
d. All group members must be prepared for each meeting, meaning having read, researched, etc for that
specific day.
e. When an assignment is given, it is expected that each group member has it done and ready for the
deadline.
All members are to participate equally in the project.
Date:
___________________________________________________
Bonita Hansen
___________________________________________________
Søren Pryds
___________________________________________________
Jeanett Drevsfeldt
19
Graduated Portal
I – Scrum development plan
First of all we need to find out what customers/client, users, developer (us) and so on wants. All these
6
things are put into a product backlog , which is a kind of wish list or a brainstorm for each part of the projects
stakeholders. In scrum there are different roles that help the project to become a reality. They are:
!
!
!
Product Owner, Bonita Hansen
Scrum Master, Søren Pryds
Team, Jeanett Drevsfeldt, Søren Pryds&Bonita Hansen
Firstly the Product Owner represents the users and customers of the product, and makes sure the right
features make it in the product backlog. Scrum master or the project manager sets up meetings, monitors the
work being done, and facilitates release planning. Makes sure every team member has the tools they need
7
to get their job done. The team is developers, testers, customer, executives etc. Since we are a small team
we have different roles.
Product Backlog
Developers
Users
Customers/Client
Testers
"
Project's production
"
"
•
"
"
Success criteria
Project charter
"
Balanced Scorecard
"
Internal
communication and
External
communication
Communication plan
Project portrait - sell
and promoting phase
"
"
"
"
"
Project priority
Experience is
subjective
Real/Fake matrix
"
"
"
Economic value
Project's plan
(graduated portal)
"
"
Team core values
Group's strength and
weakness
Project's characterize
(project portrait)
Communication plan
with customer
"
"
6
7
•
•
•
•
•
•
Website content, so
users are able to
access website
without any hiccups
Navigation. Easily get
a feel for what the
website is about, and
info/guides to use site.
Be able to find their
own name/profile and
access it
Can easily modify/edit
their own profile
Have the ability to
import own info from
facebook, linkedIn or
other social media, to
profile
Can interact with
social media and their
profile
Are able to find old
classmates easily
Can look though
career progress, as
well as old classmates
"
"
"
•
•
•
•
•
Risk
assessment/analysis
Quality assessment
Business negotiation
Can easily access the
backend of website
Are able to find
specific alumni
Can find statistics on a
certain alumni easily
Are able to
administrated website
Can create news on
frontend
Can put up info on
certain courses and
jobs
"
"
Find technical
consultant
Creating/coding
prototype
Focus group interview
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q5k7a9YEoUI
20
Graduated Portal
"
Project development's
module
"
Project's pre-study
"
Agile (scrum)
"
"
Survey results
Belbin tests
"
Group rules
•
"
Web portal Mock-up
Gantt chart
•
"
•
Stakeholder Map
Communication plan
Functional
specification
"
Use case(s)
•
Storyboard
•
Group considerations
"
Make research
questions for the focus
group interview
"
Sketching of idea
"
Mock-up of final
product
Interview with client
"
•
"
Concept diagram
Problem
formulation/definition
"
Project information
"
Describe about client
"
"
"
Change management
Budget
Concept test
•
List of key technical
requirements
•
Technical specification
•
Diagram of technical
architecture
"
Porter’s five forces
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Graduated Portal
"
•
Survey summary
Requirement
specification
"
"
"
"
Site map/Structure
Layout report
Print report
Create projectsite
"
Create graphic
element in report
"
Gathering appendix
"
Create project's site
Upload report to
server
Report lay-outing
"
"
Looking at the Product Backlog there is a lot of tasks that needs to be done before the project ends.
Because of time shortage, this is unfortunately conceivable. So the tasks with the symbol is the tasks that
will be cut, or will be completed with we have the time. And the symbol √ are the tasks that will progress into
a Release Backlog. In a Release Backlog we add deadlines and time for each task, and group them together
to create a Sprint.
Release backlog
Developers
Users
Customers/Client
Testers
"
(3:00) 28/Nov/11
"
"
"
"
Success criteria (2:30)
30/Nov/11
Project charter (3:10)
29/Nov/11
Balanced Scorecard
(3:20) 02/Dec/11
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
Website content, so
users are able to
access website
without any hiccups
(7:20) 09/Dec/11
a feel for what the
info/guides to use site
(4:20) 09/Dec/11
"
"
"
Risk assessment/
analysis (4:10)
30/Nov/11
Quality assessment
(3:40) 29/Nov/11
(3:50) 29/Nov/11
backend of website
"
Creating/coding
prototype (9:30)
14/Dec/11
(3:20) 10/Dec/11
Internal
communication and
External
communication (3:00)
25/Nov/11
Communication plan
(3:30) 06/Dec/11
and promoting phase
(3:00) 08/Dec/11
Project priority (3:10)
05/Dec/11
Experience is
subjective (3:00)
05/Dec/11
Real/Fake matrix
(2:40) 05/Dec/11
Economic value (3:00)
22
Graduated Portal
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
05/Dec/11
Project's plan
(graduated portal)
(3:40) 02/Nov/11
Team core values
(3:00) 01/Nov/11
weakness (3:00)
01/Nov/11
(project portrait) (2:50)
02/Nov/11
Communication plan
with customer (3:40)
03/Nov/11
module (4:00)
03/Nov/11
Project's pre-study
(4:10) 02/Nov/11
Agile (scrum) (4:30)
18/Nov/11
Survey results (3:30)
07/Dec/11
Belbin tests (3:00)
21/Nov/11
Group rules (3:00)
30/Nov/11
Gantt chart (2:20)
13/Dec/11
Make research
group interview (3:40)
01/Dec/11
Sketching of idea
(4:10) 01/Nov/11
"
Mock-up of final
product (4:00)
02/Nov/11
"
Problem
(3:30) 31/Oct/11
"
(4:00) 31/Oct/11
"
Change management
(4:20) 06/Dec/11
Concept test (4:10)
Budget 15/Dec/11
(10:10)
02/Dec/11
(4:00) 29/Nov/11
Survey summary
(4:00) 12/Dec/11
Site map/Structure
"
"
"
"
"
"
23
Graduated Portal
(3:50) 09/Dec/11
So in the Release Backlog there is the total of 319 working hours over 39 tasks. To make this more
8
foreseeable we create Sprints or milestones as it is called in our project management tool Zoho . Sprints
make it easy to see if we are on track, and something needs to be reevaluated.
Release backlog for 1.sprint
Developers
Users
Customers/Client
Testers
Developers
Users
Customers/Client
Testers
"
(3:00) 28/Nov/11
"
"
Success criteria (2:30)
30/Nov/11
Project charter (3:10)
29/Nov/11
Balanced Scorecard
(3:20) 02/Dec/11
"
"
Project's plan
(graduated portal)
(3:40) 02/Nov/11
"
Team core values
(3:00) 01/Nov/11
weakness (3:00)
01/Nov/11
(project portrait) (2:50)
02/Nov/11
Communication plan
with customer (3:40)
03/Nov/11
module (4:00)
03/Nov/11
Project's pre-study
(4:10) 02/Nov/11
Sketching of idea
(4:10) 01/Nov/11
"
"
"
"
"
"
Mock-up of final
product (4:00)
02/Nov/11
Problem
(3:30) 31/Oct/11
"
"
Project information
(3:00) 02/Nov/11
(4:00) 31/Oct/11
"
"
8
"
"
Risk assessment/
analysis (4:10)
30/Nov/11
Quality assessment
(3:40) 29/Nov/11
(3:50) 29/Nov/11
backend of website
24
Graduated Portal
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
Internal
communication and
External
communication (3:00)
25/Nov/11
Communication plan
(3:30) 06/Dec/11
and promoting phase
(3:00) 08/Dec/11
Project priority (3:10)
05/Dec/11
Experience is
subjective (3:00)
05/Dec/11
Real/Fake matrix
(2:40) 05/Dec/11
Economic value (3:00)
05/Dec/11
Agile (scrum) (4:30)
18/Nov/11
Survey results (3:30)
07/Dec/11
Belbin tests (3:00)
21/Nov/11
Group rules (3:00)
30/Nov/11
Web portal Mock-up
(4:10) 25/Nov/11
Communication plan
(3:40) 02/Dec/11
Functional
specification (3:00)
12/Dec/11
Group considerations
(3:10) 01/Dec/11
Prep and Interview
with client (2:30)
24/Nov/11
Change management
(4:20) 06/Dec/11
Concept test (4:10)
02/Dec/11
(4:00) 29/Nov/11
Developers
Users
"
"
"
"
Survey summary
(4:00) 12/Dec/11
Site map/Structure
(3:50) 09/Dec/11
Make research
group interview (3:40)
01/Dec/11
Gantt chart (2:20)
13/Dec/11
"
"
Website content, so
users are able to
access website
without any hiccups
(7:20) 09/Dec/11
a feel for what the
info/guides to use site
(4:20) 09/Dec/11
Customers/Client
Testers
"
"
Creating/coding
prototype (9:30)
14/Dec/11
(3:20) 10/Dec/11
25
Graduated Portal
"
Budget15/Dec/11
(10:10)
Finally, like mentioned in the Product Backlog, there is a practical thing that needs to be done before the
final deadline like:
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
Layout report
Print report
Create projectsite
Create graphic element in report
Gathering appendix
Create project's site
Upload report to server
Report lay-outing
The sprint backlogs are monitoredby a burn down chart. As mentioned several times before we use the
project management tool Zoho, which has Dependency View and this essentially is a burn down chart. The
Dependency View looks like this:
26
Graduated Portal
Taken that data we can create a burn down chart like shown beneath:
The blue line called ”Ideal tasks remaining” also called “the brundownvelocity”, is a great way to see if the
project is on track.
27
Graduated Portal
J – Lichtenberg Technique calculation
!!"#!$%!& =
!=
!!"# + 3×!!"#$%$&'&() + !!"#
5
!!"# − !!"#
5
!!"#$!% = !!"#!$%!& + − 2×!
!!"#!$%!& =
60 + 3×55 + 40
5
!!"#!$%!& = 53
!=
60 − 40
5
!=4
!!"#$!% = 53 + − 2×4
!!"#$!% = 45
!!"#$!% =!61
28
Graduated Portal
K – PRINCE2 components 9
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9
Business Case: Benefits needs to outweigh the costs (ROI)
Plans: Resources, time and money
Organisation: Team, like customer (or customers customer), suppliers
Management of Risk: compatitors, production issues and so on
Control: progress, communication plan,
Change control: What impact will change have on budget and time?
Configuration Management: latest version, equipment, storage
Quality Management
www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rz4o-kR87ls&feature=related
29
Graduated Portal
L – Use case diagrams
30
Graduated Portal
M – Project charter
Project name
Graduated Portal
Background (original idea)
Graduated portal is a new social network with the feature for student and
school administrator, but the main focus is the institution benefit.
We're against other social media like LinkedIn, Facebook and such. The
difference between us and them are that we will gather all alumni
students in one portal so people are not spread out on different medias.
We will be able to offer both companies and unemployed alumni one
portal where they can find everything that they need = they save time
and time is money.
Ministeriet for Forskning, Innovation og Videregående Uddannelser
Bredgade 43
1260 København K
Client/Sponsor
End users
Ministeriet for Forskning, Innovation og Videregående Uddannelser and
alumni of these institutions.
Business impact goal
- Project objective
Create a substantial concept that satisfactorily can be executed by a
development team, to make online web portal that unite the graduated
students and can share information about their life and further career(s).
Project goal – end result of the
project
To make an online system with easy access for graduated students.
Also statistics for teachers, administrators, Ministry of Education etc. to
access and use for own benefit.
Timeframe for the execution of
the project
Start
Finish
31/Oct/2011
16/Dec/2011
Priority of what is most
important during execution
Time %
Resources %
Quality %
40
20
40
Budget
319 work hours = 6,7 hours of work a day (from Monday till Friday)
Salary (before taxes) = 38133 x 3 for 2 months = 228798 kr.Since this is a student project we have the necessary equipment and
locations, however here is the costs:
Equipment = 39520 kr.Office at 163 m² cost per. month x 2 = 15600 kr.Outsourcing/coding = 50000 kr.Total = 333918 kr.-
Documentation received by
31

Graduated Portal - BA E-concept 1. sem. EXAM project fall 2011

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