Structural Systems Serpentine Gallery Art Pavilions

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Structural Systems
Serpentine Gallery Art Pavilions (2000-12)
STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS
lecture
Art Pavilions in Public Parks
SERPENTINE GALLERY ART PAVILIONS,
LONDON, 2000-12
[email protected]
Structural Systems
keyword: ART PAVILIONS IN PUBLIC PARKS
1811-17: Dulwich Picture Gallery, London (Sir John Soane)
1897-98: Secession Building, Vienna (Joseph Maria Olbrich)
1908-09: Jakopič Pavilion, Ljubljana (Maks Fabiani)
1895-1995: Bienalle National Pavilions, Venice
2000-12: Serpentine Gallery Pavilions, London
2007, 2009, 2011, 2013: Trimo Urban Crash Competition, Ljubljana
Structural Systems
http://dulwichgalleryfriends.files.wordpress.com/2008/09/quiz-plan-soane.jpg
London, 1811-17:
John Soane:
Dulwich Picture Gallery
ground floor plan
https://museuminsider.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/dulwich-picture-gallery.jpg
first public art gallery;
symmetrical ground floor plan;
façade without windows;
the sky lights illuminate the paintings indirectly;
Structural Systems
Latham, I., (1980): Joseph Maria Olbrich. Academy Editions, London: str 25.
Vienna, 1897-98:
Joseph Maria Olbrich:
Secession Building
ground floor plan
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Secession_Vienna_June_2006_017.jpg
public art gallery for Secession artists;
pure geometric forms;
linear façade ornament;
gold and white;
Structural Systems
Kos, J., (1993): Umetniški paviljon Riharda Jakopiča. V: Rihard Jakopič: To sem jaz, umetnik...,
Knjižnica Narodne galerije, Ljubljana, str.: 94.
Ljubljana, 1908-09:
Maks Fabiani:
Jakopič Pavilion
study of the entrance façade
Plestenjak, B., (2003): Vsi Jakopičevi ateljeji. V: Art.si, jun 03: str.: 12.
first public art gallery in Ljubljana (now destroyed);
façade without windows;
the sky lights illuminate the paintings indirectly;
linear façade ornament;
Structural Systems
Kurent, T., Marinko, J., (1985): Prostorske proporcije v Fabianijevi ljubljanski arhitekturi.
V: Zbornik ljubljanske šole za arhitekturo
Kos, J., (1993): Umetniški paviljon Riharda Jakopiča. V: Rihard Jakopič: To sem jaz, umetnik...,
Knjižnica Narodne galerije, Ljubljana, str.: 98.
Ljubljana, 1908-09:
Maks Fabiani:
Jakopič Pavilion
pure geometric forms;
ground floor plan, entrance façade, cross section, plan
Structural Systems
http://www.artinfo.com/media/image/24458/giardini_map.gif
foto: L.S.
Venice 1895-1995:
Giardini: National Pavilions
Venice, 1955-56:
Alvar Aalto:
Finland Pavilion
plan
prefabricated wood from Finnland;
Structural Systems
foto: L.S.
foto: L.S.
Venice, 1962:
Sverre Fehn:
Nordic Pavilion
Sverre Fehn:
Nordic Pavilion
concrete;
trees;
concrete;
trees;
Structural Systems
keyword: SERPENTINE GALLERY
1934: Tea Pavilion near Serpentine Lake,
Kensington Gardens - (Hyde Park) London
1970: Serpentine Pavilion Gallery,
notable international modern and contemporary artists:
Henry Moore, Andy Warhol, Damien Hirst, Jeff Koons, …
2000: First Temporary Summer Art Pavilion
Structural Systems
SERPENITE SUMMER ART PAVILIONS
architecture and structure:
2000 - 2011
Temporary structures that are erected next to the Gallery itself for a three-month period;
a maximum of six months from invitation to the architect to finnish the construction.
Zaha Hadid 2000, Daniel Libeskind 2001, Toyo Ito 2002, Oscar Niemeyer 2003, MVRDV 2004*,
Álvaro Siza and Eduardo Souto de Moura 2005, Rem Koolhaas 2006, Frei Otto 2007*,
Olafur Eliasson and Kjetil Thorsen 2007, Frank Gehry 2008,
Kazuyo Sejima and Ryue Nishizawa / SANAA 2009, Jean Nouvel 2010, Peter Zumthor 2011, …
… and biro Arup: Cecil Balmond
Structural Systems
http://www.serpentinegallery.org/Aerial-365.jpg
http://www.serpentinegallery.org/NorthFace.jpg
the Serpentine Gallery Pavilion commission
architectural idea:
is an ongoing programme of temporary structures
by internationally acclaimed architects and designers.
The series is unique worldwide and presents the work of
an international architect or design team who has not completed
a building in England at the time of the Gallery’s invitation.
similar to other works of choosen architect ;
functuion of architecture:
exhibitions, lectures, film screenings, talks, the BBC proms and café;
no doors and no windows, ..;
up to 250,000 visitors each summer
Structural Systems
Eliasson, O., Thorsen, K., 2007: Serpentine Gallery Pavilion 2007. Serpentine Gallery in Lars Müller
Publishers, London in Baden, str.: 8
London, 2000:
Zaha Hadid:
Serpentine Pavilion 2000
architectural idea: tent
http://www.serpentinegallery.org/images/hadid.jpg
the 30th anniversary of the gallery temporary summer pavilion;
structure made with steel columns;
textile fabric;
triangular surface
Structural Systems
http://zahahadid.vm.bytemark.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2008/04/serpentine_hb_7.JPG
http://zahahadid.vm.bytemark.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2008/04/serpentine_hb_4.JPG
Zaha Hadid:
Zaha Hadid, 2000:
ground floor 25×25 m;
600 m2 - seats for 400 visitors;
straight forms, but interweaved;
the illusion of solidity;
different interior space
Structural Systems
London, 2001:
Daniel Libeskind and Arup:
architectural idea: origami - “Eighteen Turns”
http://www.cork2005.ie/programme/strands/architecture/images/EighteenTurns2.jpg
flexible and dynamic form;
structure as 18th surfaces - origami;
Structural Systems
http://images.businessweek.com/ss/07/02/0207_balmond/image/24.jpg
http://www.arcspace.com/kk_ann/2001_11/12.Libeskind.jpg
construction dates:
21.5.2001 – wooden floors,
4.6.2001 – aluminum panels,
9.6.2001 – build pavilion;
model of 18th turns;
length 35 m, width 18 m, high 7 m;
Structural Systems
http://www.linternaute.com/savoir/magazine/photo/les-pavillons-de-la-serpentine-gallery/image/8pavillon-2001-savoir-magazine-252462.jpg
http://static.guim.co.uk/Guardian/arts/gallery/2008/mar/26/architecture.art/[email protected]
explicit un-orthogonal form;
architecture = structure;
re-built in Cork, Ireland
structure made of ribbed Aluminum elements;
1 mm thin Aluminum surface;
Al from Norway
Structural Systems
London, 2002:
Toyo Ito and Arup:
architectural idea: structure without columns
http://www.serpentinegallery.org/images/toyoito.jpg
three-dimensional façade without columns;
geometry of the façade: algorithm of spin of square;
openings empty - full;
Structural Systems
Toyo Ito and Arup:
diagonal columns and roof beams 5-10 tons;
ply-wood floor;
made in factory and composed in building site;
joints: screw and weld construction;
typology of a box, high = 5.3 m;
walls 20 m × 4.5 m;
4 entrances;
Structural Systems
Toyo Ito and Arup:
profile: 12-50 mm, high 55 cm;
380 plates made by Al and glass;
painted in white,
3D wall;
protection from overheated: ventilation
steel structure:
Structural Systems
http://www.serpentinegallery.org/High%20res%20Pavilion%20frontage.jpg
http://www.serpentinegallery.org/images/niemeyer2.jpg
London, 2003:
Oscar Niemeyer:
differently, emptiness
cantilever platform;
tent roof;
architectural idea: tent and cantilever
Structural Systems
http://artnews.org/files/0000013000/0000012925.jpg
http://static.guim.co.uk/Guardian/arts/gallery/2008/mar/26/architecture.art/NEWCNV00013-2496.jpg
Oscar Niemeyer:
structure made by concrete and steel;
beauty instead structure logic;
white structure – red accent – yellow furniture;
float pavilion: 1 m above the grass;
small building, small interior;
Structural Systems
http://www.arcspace.com/architects/Niemeyer/serpentine_gallery/Neimeier-Photo-3.jpg
http://www.serpentinegallery.org/images/niemeyer2.jpg
Oscar Niemeyer:
window – enlargement of the interior space;
sensual and sculptural;
straight lines separates architecture from nature.
idea of Niemeyer‘s architectural opus:
use of concrete, some foundations and supports, and bearers
Structural Systems
London, 2004:
MVRDV:
architectural idea: hill in the park
façade – view – cross section;
http://www.serpentinegallery.org/images/hadid.jpg
high 18 meters;
without realization.
Structural Systems
London, 2005:
Alvaro Siza and Eduardo Souto de Moura,
Cecil Balmond - Arup:
architectural idea: animal skeleton in wood
http://www.serpentinegallery.org/images/alvarosiza.jpg
contemporary design and traditional structure;
Structural Systems
roof without columns in-between;
22 m × 17m - 380 m2: the biggest pavilion since Hadid 2000;
high 5,4 meters;
427 wood beams - span 17 m;
structural grid made of glued wood;
rectangular ground floor;
Structural Systems
timber beam: glued wood (Finland pine);
each peace of wood is different in form: length and position;
248 roof panels of polycarbonate are different:
5 mm thin, automatically solar-powered light in the center of each panel;
like a dinosaur in the park.
Structural Systems
London, 2006:
Rem Koolhaas and Cecil Balmond, Arup:
architectural idea: dome
http://www.serpentinegallery.org/images/JO8_fl.jpg
dome – big space egg;
glowing at night;
translucent pavilion
Structural Systems
dome – fill with He 6000 m3;
double wall, made of polycarbonate panels:
distance 1.6 m, high 6 m; 300 visitors
dome made of translucent polyester with PVC top coat;
interior side is finished with translucent foil;
interior seems larger;
diameter 21 m, high from 20 m to 24 m;
Structural Systems
raise and lower the dome;
nice weather = high dome;
low pressure = low dome;
dome fixed on the floor with 4 electric winches;
light structure;
Structural Systems
?
?
London, 2007:
Frei Otto:
construction of the pavilion delayed;
never realized idea.
Structural Systems
http://www.shuunya.net/images/buildings/ZahaHadidPavillion/Zaha-Hadid-0012.jpg
http://www.serpentinegallery.org/1373_LH_007-email365.jpg
London, 2007:
Zaha Hadid Architects:
Serpentine Pre-pavilion 2007
three identical lilas – each stand on one column;
textile over steel structure;
high 5.5 m.
architectural idea: lilas
Structural Systems
London, 2007:
Olafur Eliasson in Kjetil Thorsen:
architectural idea: high – third dimension
http://www.serpentinegallery.org/pavilion_night_time.jpg
cantilever footpath;
view across the park at the top of the pavilion;
Structural Systems
steel structure, fill with plywood panels;
roof opening;
Structural Systems
amphitheater: concerts and lectures;
wooden slope outside pavilion;
Structural Systems
http://www.archidose.org/Jul08/28/dose-image01.html
http://www.serpentinegallery.org/Gehry-Serpentine-2814.jpg
London, 2008:
Frank Gehry:
structure: 4 massive steel columns;
hidden behind wood;
timber beams;
architectural idea: catapult by Leonardo da Vinci
Structural Systems
Frank Gehry:
secondary roof structure: timber small beams;
glass panels;
roof structure put together on floor;
Structural Systems
http://www.serpentinegallery.org/Gehry-Serpentine-2822.jpg
Frank Gehry:
multidimensional space of amphitheater - promenade;
acoustic, lightning, fire safety, …
Structural Systems
R. Gregory, Serpentine Pavilion. V: The Architectural Review, št. 1350, str. 82, 2009.
London, 2009:
Kazuyo Sejima + Ryue Nishizawa / SANAA:
architectural idea: metal cloud
http://www.serpentinegallery.org/SerpentineGalleryPavilion_SANAA1_HiRes.jpg
aluminum between the trees;
columns as thin as possible;
simple surface connections;
without details and endings;
Structural Systems
R. Gregory, Serpentine Pavilion. V: The Architectural Review, št. 1350, str. 85, 2009.
http://www.serpentinegallery.org/LowRes_SerpentineGalleryPav.jpg
foundations and ground floor: concrete;
560 m2 roof – Aluminum plates;
115 columns: stainless steel;
diameter 6 cm, random raster;
Structural Systems
http://www.serpentinegallery.org/sanaa_new_2.jpg
http://www.serpentinegallery.org/sanaa_new_4.jpg
roof: Al plates
polished and shiny roof.
3 m×1,5 m plates, thickness 2,5 cm
(3 mm Al + 1,9 mm plywood + 3 mm Al)
Structural Systems
http://flavorwire.com/38730/daily-dose-pick-sanaa
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/Serpentine_Gallery_Pavilion_2009_by_Japanese
_architects_SANAA_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1397366.jpg
roof: Al plates
polished and shiny roof.
3 m×1,5 m plates, thickness 2,5 cm
(3 mm Al + 1,9 mm plywood + 3 mm Al)
Structural Systems
http://www.detail.de/artikel_serpentine-pavilion-nouvel-london-2010_26390_En.htm
London, 2010:
Jean Nouvel:
red sun pavilion
architectural idea: red sun pavilion
http://www.serpentinegallery.org/Ping-Pong---Photograph-Phil.jpg
red (as London color)
lightweight materials;
metal cantilever structures;
12 m high wall
Structural Systems
http://www.detail.de/artikel_serpentine-pavilion-nouvel-london-2010_26390_En.htm
http://www.serpentinegallery.org/2PQ_1368_365.jpg
Jean Nouvel:
public space,
café,
flexible auditorium;
outdoor table tennis tables
glass, polycarbonate and fabric structures;
Structural Systems
http://www.serpentinegallery.org/_MG_2284Serpentine_nouvel_365.jpg
http://www.serpentinegallery.org/2PQ_1595_2_365.jpg
Jean Nouvel:
red (as London color)
lightweight materials;
metal cantilever structures;
12 m high wall
Structural Systems
cameronmcewan.wordpress.com/tag/association/
London, 2011:
Peter Zumthor:
idea: hortus conclusus = enclosed garden
a contemplative room, yard;
a garden within a garden.
http://www.dezeen.com/2011/06/27/serpentine-gallery-pavilion-2011-by-peter-zumthor-2/
Zumthor architecture: the sensory and spiritual aspects
of the architectural experience,
from the precise yet simple composition and
‘presence’ of the materials,
to the handling of scale and the effect of light.
Structural Systems
http://www.riftpowerlevel.com/?p=1020
Peter Zumthor:
public space,
café,
timber structure;
Structural Systems
Peter Zumthor:
a place abstracted from the world
of noise and traffic and the smells of London –
an interior space within which to sit, to walk, to observe the flowers
Structural Systems
http://zumthor.tumblr.com/post/12641416239/drawings-by-peter-zumthor-serpentine-gallery1
http://www.mikepevsner.com/blog/files/d941a4066ce1ee4145e1b39e138408de-87.html
Peter Zumthor:
specially created garden
by the influential Dutch designer Piet Oudolf
garden
Structural Systems
http://www.serpentinegallery.org/pavilion2012/wp-content/themes/pavilion2012/images/footprintsimage1.jpg
London, 2012:
Herzog & de Meuron and Ai Weiwei:
idea: previous 11 pavilions
http://www.serpentinegallery.org/400_CI_120504_006%20press%20page.jpg
11 + 1 columns
each colunm represents one pavilion
archaeological approach:
- inspire visitors to look beneath the surface of the park,
- back in time across the ghosts of the earlier structures
Structural Systems
http://www.serpentinegallery.org/400_CI_120504_002%20press%20page.jpg
http://www.serpentinegallery.org/400_MO_120504_001%20press%20page.jpg
floating platform roof 1,5 m above the ground
Structural Systems
http://www.serpentinegallery.org/HdM%20Serpentine%207144%20Press%20Page.jpg
http://www.serpentinegallery.org/_MG_4375%20Press%20Page.jpg
water / pool at the top of the pavilion
Structural Systems
http://www.serpentinegallery.org/HdM-Serpentine-6359-365.jpg
http://www.serpentinegallery.org/_MG_4348%20Press%20Page.jpg
interior: cork (echo)
cladding & chairs
Structural Systems
SERPENTINE GALLERY TEMPORARY PAVILIONS
Architecture = Structure = Design
unusual forms
without windows and doors
there is no difference between inner and outer space
experiments with the space (2000-2012) – top level form
21 century: the work of architect and structural engineer are interweaved
collaboration between branches
light engineers, acoustic engineers
Structural Systems
TRIMO URBAN CRASH
Architecture = Structure = Design
unusual forms
without windows and doors
there is no difference between inner and outer space
experiments with the space
http://www.trimo-urbancrash.com/
only condition: only Trimo elements
Structural Systems
http://www.trimo-urbancrash.com/images/MIROS_4.jpg
Ljubljana, 2007:
Jelena Grujić:
Relaxation Wall, competition winner
Trimo Urban Crash 07
http://www.designmagazin.cz/umeni/5114-vyhlasena-soutez-na-dalsi-objekt-trimo-urban-crash.html
only condition: only Trimo elements
Structural Systems
http://www.trimo-urbancrash.com/images/R205_4.jpg
foto. L.S.
Ljubljana, 2007:
Rok Grdiša:
Pavilion, second place
Ljubljana, 2010:
Rok Grdiša:
rebuild pavilion
only condition: only Trimo elements (steel)
now on different location
Structural Systems
http://www.trimo-urbancrash.com/images/TUC_oder_gradnja_1.jpg
Ljubljana, 2009:
Jan Ledwoń in Alicja Choła:
White Dancer, competition winner
http://www.trimo-urbancrash.com/images/TUC_constructed_stage.jpg
Structural Systems
http://mojdom.dnevnik.si/sl/Arhitektura/3390/Trimo+Urban+Crash+2011%3A+zmagovalna+tribuna+je+odprta
Ljubljana, 2011:
Wojciech Nowak, Martynika Bielawska:
A Life Stand, competition winner
http://mojdom.dnevnik.si/sl/Arhitektura/3390/Trimo+Urban+Crash+2011%3A+zmagovalna+tribuna+je+odprta
Structural Systems
?
http://www.armedforces-int.com/upload/image_files/suppliers/gallery/1310/modular-campbuildings/modular-container-unit.jpg
Ljubljana, 2013:
?:
task: self-sufficient Bike Base designed as a sustainable building
consisting of a maximum of three Trimo modular units

Structural Systems Serpentine Gallery Art Pavilions

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