Minnesota:The Legal Requirements of Boating

1
Minnesota: The Legal Requirements of Boating
Your Boat’s Registration and Validation Decals
License Certificate (Registration Card)
The registration card must be carried on board
whenever the vessel is operated.
■ MN 3717 ZW
07
Minnesota Department of Natural Resources
Watercraft Registration Decal
Minnesota
01/12/2004 09:03 Agent 099217
Txn # 010526663 TID 4000212
◆◆Requirements for boat registration vary from state to state. In Minnesota, you
must have a Department of Natural Resources (DNR) License Certificate
(registration card) and validation decals to operate a boat legally on
Minnesota’s public waters. Exceptions to the registration requirements include:
• Boats currently registered in another state or a foreign country and not kept
in Minnesota for more than 90 consecutive days
• Boats documented with the U.S. Coast Guard
• Duck boats during the duck hunting season, rice boats during the harvest
season, and seaplanes
• Non-motorized boats 9 feet in length or less
◆◆The registration card and validation decals are obtained by submitting the
proper application form and fee in person at any deputy registrar of motor
vehicles (where you license your car) or at the Department of Natural
Resources (DNR) License Center located at 500 Lafayette Road in St. Paul.
For renewals, you may register online at www.wildlifelicense.com/mn/.
◆◆The registration card must be signed, on board, and available for inspection by an
enforcement officer whenever the boat is operated. You are not required to carry
the registration card on board when operating a non-motorized canoe, kayak,
rowing shell, paddle boat, sailboat, or sailboard, but must produce it within a
reasonable time if an enforcement officer asks to see it.
◆◆The registration number and validation decals must be displayed as follows.
• Number must be painted, decaled, or otherwise affixed to each side of the
bow on the forward half of the boat, placed to be clearly visible.
• Number must read from left to right on both sides of the boat.
• Number must be in bold, BLOCK letters, at least 3-inches high.
• Number’s color must contrast with its background.
• Letters must be separated from the numbers by a 3 to 4 inch space or a
hyphen. For example: MN 3717 ZW or MN-3717-ZW.
• No other number, letter, design, or insignia may appear within 24 inches of
the registration number or the validation decals.
• Validation decals must be affixed on both sides of the bow, placed to the
stern or rear of the registration number within four inches of the number.
Only decals that are current may be visible, so remove expired decals before
applying new ones.
◆◆Non-motorized canoes, kayaks, rowing shells, paddle boats, sailboards, and
sailboats must display the validation decal on each side of the forward half of
the boat, but are not required to display the registration number. On non-motorized sailboards and sailboats, you may place the decals on the stern if it is
impossible, because of the boat’s design, to place them on the bow.
MN 1027JS
Dec 31, 2007
Registration #:
Expires:
Year
Make
Length
Spaces or hyphens
should appear here.
2002
ALUMACRAFT
17'00"
Validation
Decal
Other Facts about Registering and Titling Your Vessel
◆◆When you register your boat, you need to know its length, manufacturer, type of
hull material, type of propulsion, model, year, and serial or hull identification
number (HIN). Also you must have a sales receipt that shows that you have paid
the sales tax.
◆◆Boat registrations cover a period of three calendar years and expire on
December 31 of the last year that the registration is valid. The expiration date
appears on both the registration card and on the validation decals. Normally,
you will receive a notice by mail to renew your registration for another threeyear period.
Copyright © 2007 by Boat Ed. All rights reserved. Boat Ed is not responsible or liable for any claims, liabilities, damages, or other adverse effects or
consequences to any person or property caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly from the application or use of the information contained in
this publication. Boat Ed, 2906 Ladybird Lane, Dallas, TX, 75220
■
18 ZW
MN 38
PWCs are
also required
to display the registration
number and validation decals.
■ State Law
2
Questions?
Call the Minnesota Department
of Natural Resources, Boat and
Water Safety Section, at 651-259-5400
or the DNR Information Center at
651-296-6157 or 1-888-646-6367, or
email [email protected].
ABC 67689 B6 06
Manufacturer’s
Identification
Code (MIC)
Hull Serial
Number
Date of
Model
Manufacture Year ◆◆When you obtain your new registration card and validation decals, discard
your old registration card and replace the expired decals on your boat.
◆◆If you buy a boat that is currently registered in Minnesota, obtain the current
registration card from the previous owner. Within 15 days of the transfer, you
must send or take the registration card, application for transfer, and transfer
fee to the DNR License Center or deputy registrar.
◆◆If you abandon or destroy your boat, or register it in another state, you must
notify the DNR License Center within 15 days.
◆◆If you lose or destroy your registration card, you may apply for a duplicate at
your local deputy registrar or the DNR License Center. Duplicate registration
fees vary based on the type of boat.
◆◆Larger recreational vessels, owned by U.S. citizens, may (at the option of
the owner) be documented with the U.S. Coast Guard. Call the USCG at
1-800-799-8362 for more information. Visit the U.S. Coast Guard National
Vessel Documentation Center website at http://www.uscg.mil/hq/g-m/vdoc/genpub.htm
to read more about obtaining the U.S. Coast Guard’s Certificate of
Documentation.
Boat Titling
◆◆As a safeguard for boat owners, Minnesota law requires the titling of many
boats over 16 feet in length. A title provides proof of ownership, which
becomes very important when buying or selling a boat. A title also aids in the
recovery of stolen boats.
◆◆If you need to title your boat, or aren’t sure if it needs to be titled, contact any
deputy registrar of motor vehicles or the DNR License Center for more information.
Hull Identification Number
The U.S. Coast
Guard Auxiliary
and U.S. Power
Squadrons will
perform a Vessel
Safety Check
(VSC) of your
vessel and equipment
free of charge. This
inspection covers federal and
state requirements. If your vessel meets all VSC
requirements, you will receive a VSC decal. If
your vessel fails to meet all requirements, no
report is made to any law enforcement agency.
◆◆The Hull Identification Number (HIN) is a unique, 12-digit number assigned
by the manufacturer to boats built after 1972.
◆◆Hull Identification Numbers:
• Distinguish one boat from another—the same as serial numbers distinguish
one car from another.
• Are engraved into the fiberglass or on a metal plate permanently attached,
usually to the transom.
◆◆You should write down your HIN and put it in a place separate from your
boat in case warranty problems arise or your boat is stolen.
Who May Operate a Motorboat (Other Than a Personal Watercraft)
◆◆These restrictions apply to motorboat operators less than 12 years old:
• For engines 25 horsepower or less, those under 12 years old may operate
with no restrictions.
• For engines more than 25 horsepower through 75 horsepower, those under
12 years old must have someone at least 21 years of age on board who is
within reach of the controls.
• For engines over 75 horsepower, no one younger than 12 may operate, even
with an adult on board.
◆◆Other restrictions apply to motorboat operators 12 to 17 years old. Motorboat
operators from 12 to 17 years of age may operate engines of 25 horsepower or
less with no restrictions. For engines over 25 horsepower, operators 12 to 17
years of age must have either:
• A watercraft operator’s permit, or …
• Someone at least 21 years old on board who is within reach of the controls.
Copyright © 2007 by Boat Ed. All rights reserved. Boat Ed is not responsible or liable for any claims, liabilities, damages, or other adverse effects or
consequences to any person or property caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly from the application or use of the information contained in
this publication. Boat Ed, 2906 Ladybird Lane, Dallas, TX, 75220
State Law ■
◆◆Operators visiting Minnesota, who already possess a valid watercraft operator’s
certificate or permit issued by their home state, don’t need to obtain another
one from Minnesota.
Who May Operate a PWC
◆◆You must be 13 years of age or older to operate a personal watercraft on
Minnesota’s public waters.
◆◆PWC operators 13 years of age must have either:
• Someone at least 21 years old on board, or …
• A watercraft operator’s permit and be under continuous observation by
someone at least 21 years old.
◆◆PWC operators 14 to 17 years of age must have either:
• Someone at least 21 years old on board, or …
• A watercraft operator’s permit.
3
ID
O
V
Watercraft Operator’s Permit
Operator’s permit education materials can be
obtained from the DNR, sheriff’s offices, and
some schools and marine dealers or by taking
the Boat Minnesota online course and passing
the test at the end.
Unlawful Operation
In Minnesota, it is unlawful to operate your boat in disregard of the rights and
safety of others. Examples of unlawful operation include:
◆◆Operating a boat in a careless or reckless manner
◆◆Operating a boat without the safety equipment required by law
◆◆Exceeding the carrying capacity or horsepower rating of the boat
◆◆Allowing occupants to ride or sit on gunwales, bow, transom, sides, stern, or
decking over the bow sides when a boat is underway, unless adequate guards or
railings are provided
◆◆Operating a boat or allowing others to operate your boat while under the
influence of alcohol and/or a controlled substance
◆◆Operating a boat so that its wash or wake endangers, bothers or interferes with
any person or property
◆◆Operating a boat within an area set aside as a swimming area
◆◆Operating a boat above a slow-no wake speed in areas marked as no wake zones
gunwale
The upper edge of boat’s side (generally
pronounced “gunnel”)
slow-no wake speed
The slowest possible speed necessary to
maintain steerage, but in no case greater than
five miles per hour
Remember …
As a boat owner, you are liable if you allow
others to operate your vessel in a reckless
manner or in violation of age restrictions.
Copyright © 2007 by Boat Ed. All rights reserved. Boat Ed is not responsible or liable for any claims, liabilities, damages, or other adverse effects or
consequences to any person or property caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly from the application or use of the information contained in
this publication. Boat Ed, 2906 Ladybird Lane, Dallas, TX, 75220
■ State Law
4
Alcohol and Drugs
The best thing
you can do for your safety and
the safety of your passengers and
other boaters is simple …
Don’t Drink and Boat!
Because you can drink faster than your system
can burn the alcohol off, there is an increasing
level of alcohol in your blood. This level is
referred to as Blood Alcohol Concentration
(BAC).
Minnesota law prohibits anyone from boating while intoxicated (BWI) ... that is,
operating a motorboat while under the influence of alcohol, a controlled substance,
or other illegal chemical. Alcohol and drugs cause impaired balance, blurred
vision, poor coordination, impaired judgment, and slower reaction time. Alcohol
contributes to about one-third of all fatal boating accidents nationwide. Read more
about the risks of consuming alcohol in Chapter 5.
◆◆Minnesota law states that a person is considered to be boating while intoxicated (BWI) if he or she:
• Has a blood or breath alcohol concentration of 0.08 or greater or …
• Is under the influence of alcohol or …
• Is under the influence of a controlled substance or any other illegal chemical.
◆◆Operators who are impaired may be required to take tests given by an
enforcement officer to determine their sobriety. Persons who refuse testing will
be subject to a separate criminal charge for refusal, plus loss of their boating
privileges for one year beginning immediately upon refusal.
◆◆First time violators are subject to a fine up to $1,000 plus surcharges and/or
jail time and/or loss of boating privileges for 90 days during the boating season
upon conviction and notification by the DNR.
◆◆If any of the following aggravating factors are involved, the offense automatically becomes a gross misdemeanor and penalties can increase to the felony
level.
• An alcohol concentration of .20 or more
• A prior DWI conviction or refusal(s) of any kind in the past 10 years
• A passenger younger than 16 years on board
◆◆It is illegal for the owner of a motorboat to knowingly allow the boat to be
operated by someone under the influence of alcohol, a controlled substance, or
any other illegal chemical.
Obstructing Navigation
Boat operators should always be considerate of other boaters, even when stopping
to anchor or moor. Keep in mind that it is unlawful to operate a watercraft in a
manner that obstructs or tends to obstruct navigation or attach a watercraft to any
buoy or marker other than a mooring buoy.
Homeland Security Restrictions
moor
To keep a vessel in place by setting anchor or
tying the vessel to a fixed object or buoy
Recreational boaters have a role in keeping our waterways safe and secure.
◆◆Observe and avoid all security zones, including restricted areas near dams,
power plants, etc. Do not stop or anchor beneath bridges or in the channel.
◆◆Avoid all commercial ships (foreign or domestic) and commercial port areas on
Lake Superior and the Mississippi River.
◆◆Do not approach within 100 yards and slow to minimum speed within 500
yards of any U.S. Naval vessel. If you need to pass within 100 yards of a U.S.
Naval vessel for safe passage, you must contact the U.S. Naval vessel or the
Coast Guard escort vessel on VHF-FM channel 16.
◆◆Keep a sharp eye out for anything that looks out of the ordinary. Report all
suspicious activities to the local authorities or the U.S. Coast Guard.
Avoid all security zones and restricted areas.
Keep a sharp eye out for anything that looks
peculiar or out of the ordinary.
Copyright © 2007 by Boat Ed. All rights reserved. Boat Ed is not responsible or liable for any claims, liabilities, damages, or other adverse effects or
consequences to any person or property caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly from the application or use of the information contained in
this publication. Boat Ed, 2906 Ladybird Lane, Dallas, TX, 75220
State Law ■
5
Personal Flotation Devices (Life Jackets)
All watercraft must be equipped with U.S. Coast Guard–approved life jackets,
called personal flotation devices (PFDs). The quantity and type depend on the
length of your watercraft and the number of people on board and/or being towed.
Each PFD must be in good condition, be the proper size for the intended wearer,
and very importantly, be readily accessible! Readily accessible means you must be
able to put the PFD on in a reasonable amount of time in an emergency (boat
sinking, on fire, etc.). PFDs should not be stowed in plastic bags or in locked or
closed compartments, and they should not have other gear stowed on top of them.
Boat operators should ask everyone on their boat to wear a PFD whenever on the
water. PFDs can save lives, but only if they are worn!
PFD Requirements
• All watercraft must have at least one
Type I, II, III, or V personal flotation
device that is USCG–approved and
of the proper size for each person
on board or being towed. Sizing for
PFDs is based on body weight and/or
chest size.
• All PFDs must be in good and
serviceable condition and must be
readily accessible.
• Children under 10 years of age must
wear a USCG–approved PFD when
on board a boat that is underway
unless they are:
-- In an enclosed cabin or below deck
or …
-- On an anchored boat that is being
used as a platform for swimming or
diving or …
-- On board a charter (passenger) craft
with a licensed captain.
• In addition to the above requirements, one Type IV USCG–approved
throwable PFD must be on board
boats 16 feet or longer (except
canoes and kayaks) and immediately
available in event of emergency.
• A U.S. Coast Guard–approved Type
V device may be substituted for any
other approved device if it meets the
same requirements and is noted on
the Type V device (e.g., “Equivalent
to an approved Type III device”).
• Anyone riding a PWC must wear a
PFD. Persons being towed behind a
watercraft should also wear a PFD.
Inflatable PFDs are not approved for
these activities.
Everyone should
wear a life jacket,
especially anyone who is boating:
•• At night or alone
•• In dangerous water conditions, far from
shore, or in areas with local hazards
•• Where there is high boat traffic
•• In cold water
•• While hunting, fishing, skiing or tubing
PFD Descriptions
Types of Personal Flotation Devices
TYPE I: Offshore Life Jackets
These vests are geared for rough or remote Read and follow the label restrictions on all PFDs.
waters where rescue may take awhile.
TYPE I
They provide the most buoyancy, are
excellent for flotation, and will turn most
TYPE II
unconscious persons face up in the water.
TYPE II: Near-Shore Vests
These vests are good for calm waters when
quick assistance or rescue is likely. Type II
vests will turn some unconscious wearers
face up in the water, but the turning is
not as pronounced as with a Type I.
TYPE III: Flotation Aids
These vests or full-sleeved jackets are good
for calm waters when quick assistance or
rescue is likely. They are not for rough
waters since they will not turn most
unconscious persons face up. Type III
PFDs are used for water sports, such as
water-skiing. Some Type III PFDs are
designed to inflate when you enter the
water.
TYPE IV: Throwable Devices/Not Wearable
These cushions and ring buoys are
designed to be thrown to someone in
trouble. Since a Type IV PFD is not
designed to be worn, it is neither for
rough waters nor for persons who are
unable to hold onto it.
TYPE V: Special-Use Devices
These vests, deck suits, hybrid PFDs, and
others are designed for specific activities
such as windsurfing, kayaking, or waterskiing. Some Type V PFDs are designed
to inflate when you enter the water. To be
acceptable, Type V PFDs must be used in
accordance with their label.
Copyright © 2007 by Boat Ed. All rights reserved. Boat Ed is not responsible or liable for any claims, liabilities, damages, or other adverse effects or
consequences to any person or property caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly from the application or use of the information contained in
this publication. Boat Ed, 2906 Ladybird Lane, Dallas, TX, 75220
TYPE III
TYPE III
Inflatable
TYPE IV Ring Buoy
TYPE IV Cushion
TYPE V
6
■ State Law
PWC operators need to take
special steps in case of fire.
Because their fire extinguisher
may not be easily accessible, they
should simply swim away fast and use another
operator’s extinguisher. They should not open the
engine compartment to put out the fire.
Fire Extinguishers
Fire Extinguisher Charge Indicators
Check the charge level of your fire extinguishers
regularly. Replace them immediately if they are
not fully charged.
◆◆Extinguishers are classified by a letter and number symbol. The number
indicates the relative size of the extinguisher and the letter indicates the type of
fire it will extinguish.
• Type A fires are of combustible solids like wood.
• Type B fires are of flammable liquids like gasoline or oil.
• Type C fires are electrical fires.
◆◆All motorboats should carry an approved fire extinguisher. Both state and
federal laws require fire extinguishers on motorboats carrying or using fuel or
other inflammable fluid in any enclosure of the boat.
◆◆Approved types of fire extinguishers are identified by the following marking
on the label—“Marine Type USCG Approved”—followed by the type and size
symbols and the approval number.
Use this chart to determine the type and quantity of fire extinguishers required for your vessel.
Length of Vessel
green button
To check this style of extinguisher, depress the green button.
If it is fully charged, the green
button should pop back out
immediately.
Without Fixed System
With Fixed System*
Less than 26 feet
one B-I
None
26 feet to less than 40 feet
two B-I or one B-II
one B-I
40 feet to less than 65 feet
three B-I or one B-II and one B-I
two B-I or one B-II
* refers to a permanently installed fire extinguisher system
◆◆Extinguishers should be placed in an accessible area ... not near the engine or
in a compartment, but where they can be reached immediately. Be sure you
know how to operate them.
◆◆Fire extinguishers must be maintained in usable condition. Inspect extinguishers regularly to ensure the following.
• Seals and tamper indicators are not broken or missing.
• Pressure gauges or indicators read in the operable range.
• There is no physical damage, corrosion, leakage, or clogged nozzles.
Note: When shopping for an extinguisher, it is important to look for the words “U.S.
Coast Guard–Approved” right on the carton.
On this style of fire
extinguisher, the needle
indicator should be in
the “full” range.
Remember ...
Keep bilges clean and free of trash in order
to reduce the risk of fire.
Copyright © 2007 by Boat Ed. All rights reserved. Boat Ed is not responsible or liable for any claims, liabilities, damages, or other adverse effects or
consequences to any person or property caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly from the application or use of the information contained in
this publication. Boat Ed, 2906 Ladybird Lane, Dallas, TX, 75220
State Law ■
7
Backfire Flame Arrestors
Because boat engines may backfire, all gasoline engines (except outboards) must
have an approved backfire flame arrestor on each carburetor. They are designed to
prevent the ignition of gasoline vapors in case the engine backfires.
◆◆Backfire flame arrestors must be:
• In good and serviceable condition
• U.S. Coast Guard–approved
◆◆Periodically clean the flame arrestor and check for any damage to the metal
fins.
Ventilation Systems
The importance of ventilation is crucial. The purpose of ventilation systems is
to avoid explosions by removing flammable gases. Properly installed ventilation
systems greatly reduce the chance of a life-threatening explosion.
◆◆All gasoline-powered boats, constructed in a way that would entrap fumes,
must have at least two ventilation ducts fitted with cowls to remove the fumes.
At least one exhaust duct must extend from the open atmosphere to the lower
bilge. At least one intake duct must extend from a point at least midway to the
bilge or below the level of the carburetor air intake.
◆◆If your boat is equipped with a power ventilation system, turn it on for at least
four minutes after fueling and before starting your engine.
◆◆If your boat is not equipped with a power ventilation system (for example,
a personal watercraft), open the engine compartment and sniff for gasoline
fumes before starting the engine.
Mufflers and Noise
Excessive noise can prevent a boat operator from hearing signals and voices and
can disturb others.
◆◆All boat engines must have a muffler, underwater exhaust, or other device that
adequately suppresses the sound of the motor. It is unlawful to sell, equip,
or operate a motorboat (except under permit from the county sheriff or U.S.
Coast Guard) so as to exceed the noise levels below:
• 84 decibels on the A scale at a distance of 50 feet for engines or motorized
boats built before January 1, 1982
• 82 decibels on the A scale at a distance of 50 feet for engines or motorized
boats built on or after January 1, 1982
◆◆Equivalent readings may also be taken from other distances.
◆◆It is illegal to equip a motor with any type of cut-out.
Copyright © 2007 by Boat Ed. All rights reserved. Boat Ed is not responsible or liable for any claims, liabilities, damages, or other adverse effects or
consequences to any person or property caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly from the application or use of the information contained in
this publication. Boat Ed, 2906 Ladybird Lane, Dallas, TX, 75220
WARNING:
Gasoline vapors can explode. Before
starting engine, operate blower for four
minutes and check (using your nose)
engine compartment for gasoline vapors.
Boats built after July 31, 1980, which contain
power exhaust blowers in gasoline engine
compartments, must have the above warning
sticker placed near the instrument panel.
backfire
Explosion of prematurely ignited fuel or of
unburned exhaust gases in an internal
combustion engine
cowl
Hooded opening designed to scoop in air
Powerboats are built to ventilate the engine
when underway. As the boat moves along,
an air intake scoops up fresh air and
forces it down the air duct into the engine
compartment. The exhaust sucks out the
explosive fumes from the lowest part of the
engine and fuel compartments.
8
■ State Law
1. Power-Driven Vessels Less Than 65.6 Feet
Navigation Lights
Less than 39.4 feet long only
◆◆Vessel operators must make sure that their vessels are equipped with the proper
navigation lights and use the lights during these conditions:
• When away from the dock between sunset and sunrise
• During periods of restricted visibility such as fog or heavy rain
◆◆The different types of navigation lights are described in “Navigation Lights” in
Chapter 3. No other lights that may be mistaken for required navigation lights
may be exhibited. Note: Blue or red flashing lights are restricted to use by law
enforcement vessels only.
◆◆The required navigation lights differ depending on the type and size of
your vessel. The common lighting configurations for recreational vessels are
discussed below. For other configurations and requirements for larger vessels,
see the U.S. Coast Guard’s Navigation Rules.
Power-Driven Vessels Less Than 65.6 Feet Long When Underway
If less than 65.6 feet (20 meters) long, these vessels must exhibit the lights as
shown in illustration 1. Remember, power-driven vessels include sailboats operating
under engine power. The required lights are:
◆◆Red and green sidelights visible from a distance of at least two miles away—or
if less than 39.4 feet (12 meters) long, at least one mile away—on a dark, clear
night.
◆◆An all-round white light (if less than 39.4 feet long) or both a masthead light
and a sternlight. These lights must be visible from a distance of at least two
miles away on a dark, clear night. The all-round white light (or the masthead
light) must be at least 3.3 feet (one meter) higher than the sidelights.
Unpowered Vessels When Underway
The red and green lighting must conform to
the illustration above. Red should be on the
left side of the bow and green on the right side
of the bow.
2. Unpowered Vessels Less Than 65.6 Feet
Unpowered vessels are sailing vessels or vessels that are paddled, poled, or rowed.
◆◆If less than 65.6 feet long, these vessels must exhibit the lights as shown in
illustration 2. The required lights are:
• Red and green sidelights visible from a distance of at least two miles away ...
or if less than 39.4 feet long, at least one mile away ... on a dark, clear night.
• A sternlight visible from a distance of at least two miles away.
◆◆If less than 23.0 feet (7 meters) long, these vessels should:
• If practical, exhibit the same lights as required for unpowered vessels less
than 65.6 feet in length.
• If not practical, have on hand at least one lantern or flashlight shining a
white light as shown in illustration 3.
All Vessels When Not Underway
All vessels are required to display an all-round white light visible for two miles
whenever they are anchored away from dock or moored in an area other than a
designated mooring area between sunset and sunrise.
3. Unpowered Vessels Less Than 23 Feet
An alternative to
the sidelights and
sternlight is a
combination red,
green, and white
light, which must
be exhibited near
the top of the
mast.
To prevent a collision,
vessel operators should
never leave shore
without a flashlight.
Even if you plan to
return before dark,
unforeseen developments might delay
your return past
nightfall.
Copyright © 2007 by Boat Ed. All rights reserved. Boat Ed is not responsible or liable for any claims, liabilities, damages, or other adverse effects or
consequences to any person or property caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly from the application or use of the information contained in
this publication. Boat Ed, 2906 Ladybird Lane, Dallas, TX, 75220
State Law ■
Visual Distress Signals
9
Pyrotechnic Devices
Visual Distress Signals (VDSs) allow boat operators to signal for help in the event
of an emergency. VDSs are classified as day signals (visible in bright sunlight), night
signals (visible at night), or both day and night signals. VDSs are either pyrotechnic
(smoke and flames) or non-pyrotechnic (non-combustible).
◆◆Boats on some waters with joint state and federal jurisdiction need to be
equipped with U.S. Coast Guard–approved visual distress signals (VDSs). The
only body of water in Minnesota where VDSs are required is Lake Superior.
◆◆All boats, regardless of length or type, are required to carry night signals when
operating between sunset and sunrise. Most boats must carry day signals also;
exceptions to the requirement for day signals are:
• Recreational boats that are less than 16 feet in length
• Non-motorized open sailboats that are less than 26 feet in length
• Manually propelled boats
◆◆VDSs must be U.S. Coast Guard–approved, in serviceable condition, and
readily accessible.
U.S. Coast Guard–Approved Visual Distress Signals
•• Pyrotechnics are excellent distress signals.
However, there is potential for injury and
property damage if not handled properly. These
devices produce a very hot flame, and the
residue can cause burns and ignite flammable
materials.
•• Pistol-launched and handheld parachute flares
and meteors have many characteristics of a
firearm and must be handled with caution. In
some states, they are considered a firearm and
are prohibited from use.
•• Pyrotechnic devices should be stored in a cool,
dry, and prominently marked location.
•• They must be unexpired.
Non-Pyrotechnic Devices
•• The distress flag is a day signal only. It must
be at least 3 x 3 feet with a black square and
ball on an orange background.
•• The electric distress light is accepted for night
use only and must automatically flash the
international SOS distress signal.
Pyrotechnic Visual Distress Signals
Orange Smoke
Day Signal
Red Meteor
Day and Night Signal
Red Flare
Day and Night Signal
Arm Signal
Non-Pyrotechnic Visual Distress Signals
Electric Light
Night Signal
Orange Flag
Day Signal
Although this signal does not meet VDS
equipment requirements, wave your arms to
summon help if you do not have other distress
signals on board.
◆◆If pyrotechnic VDSs are used, a minimum of three must be carried in the
boat. Also, pyrotechnic VDSs must be dated and may not be carried past their A few examples of
federally controlled waters
expiration date.
Waters on which vessels must observe federal
◆◆The following combinations of signals are examples of VDSs that could be
requirements, including VDS requirements; these
carried on board to satisfy U.S. Coast Guard requirements:
waters include:
• Three handheld red flares (day and night)
•• Coastal waters
• One handheld red flare and two red meteors (day and night)
•• The Great Lakes
• One handheld orange smoke signal (day), two floating orange smoke signals
•• Territorial seas
(day), and one electric light (night only)
•• Bodies of water connected directly to one of the
◆◆It is prohibited to display visual distress signals while on the water unless assisabove, up to a point where the body of water is
tance is required to prevent immediate or potential danger to persons on board
less than two miles wide
a boat.
Copyright © 2007 by Boat Ed. All rights reserved. Boat Ed is not responsible or liable for any claims, liabilities, damages, or other adverse effects or
consequences to any person or property caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly from the application or use of the information contained in
this publication. Boat Ed, 2906 Ladybird Lane, Dallas, TX, 75220
10
■ State Law
Common Sound Signals
Sound-Producing Devices
Some common sound signals that you should
be familiar with as a recreational boater are as
follows.
Changing Direction
•• One short blast tells other boaters “I intend
to pass you on my port (left) side.”
•• Two short blasts tell other boaters “I intend
to pass you on my starboard (right) side.”
•• Three short blasts tell other boaters “I am
backing up.”
Restricted Visibility
•• One prolonged blast at intervals of not
more than two minutes is the signal used by
power-driven vessels when underway.
•• One prolonged blast plus two short
blasts at intervals of not more than two
minutes is the signal used by sailing vessels.
Warning
•• One prolonged blast is a warning signal
(for example, used when coming around a
blind bend or exiting a slip).
•• Five (or more) short, rapid blasts signal
danger or signal that you do not understand
or disagree with the other boater’s intentions.
A few examples of
federally controlled waters
Waters on which vessels must observe federal
requirements, including VDS requirements; these
waters include:
•• Coastal waters
•• The Great Lakes
•• Territorial seas
•• Bodies of water connected directly to one of the
above, up to a point where the body of water is
less than two miles wide
Divers Flag
Alfa Flag (Federal)
Scuba divers and snorkelers should not place
a flag in an area already occupied by other
boaters or where their diving operation will
impede the normal flow of waterway traffic.
Divers should also follow all of the water safety
rules themselves. The blue and white Alfa flag
is required to be displayed by boats involved in
diving or other activities on federal waters that
restrict the boat’s ability to move.
In periods of reduced visibility or whenever a boat operator needs to signal his
or her intentions or position, a sound-producing device is essential. The navigation
rules for meeting head-on, crossing and overtaking situations described in Chapter
3 are examples of when sound signals are required.
◆◆On Minnesota waters, the requirements for sound producing devices are:
• Motorboats 16 feet to less than 26 feet must carry a hand, mouth, or poweroperated whistle or horn capable of producing a continuous sound for two
seconds and audible for at least one-half mile.
• Motorboats 26 feet to less than 40 feet must carry a hand or power-operated
whistle or horn capable of producing a continuous sound for two seconds
and audible for at least one mile.
• Motorboats 40 feet or longer must carry a power-operated whistle or horn
capable of producing a continuous sound for two seconds and audible for at
least one mile.
◆◆On federally controlled waters, the requirements are:
• Boats less than 65.6 feet (20 meters) in length, which includes PWCs, are
required to carry on board a mouth, hand, or power operated whistle or
horn or some other means to make an efficient sound signal.
• Boats that are 65.6 feet (20 meters) or more in length are required to carry
on board a whistle or horn, and a bell.
◆◆The only boat that may carry a siren is a government patrol vessel.
Other Equipment
◆◆Diver-Down Flags: Scuba divers must display a diver-down warning flag
when diving. No more than four divers may dive under one flag, and divers
must remain within 50 feet of their flag. Vessels not involved with the diving
operation must remain 150 feet away from the flag. The diver-down flags are:
• A rectangular red flag, at least 15 x 12 inches, with a white diagonal stripe if
on Minnesota waters.
• A blue and white International Code Flag A (or Alfa flag) is to be displayed
on the boat if diving on federally controlled or international waters. This
flag indicates that a boat is involved in a diving activity.
◆◆Trailers: Minnesota law requires the following for trailers:
• Trailers may not exceed 45 feet in length. No trailer load may exceed 8 ½
feet in width or 13 ½ feet in height.
• Brakes are required on trailers with a load capacity of 3,000 pounds, or
more.
• Taillights are required on all trailers. Larger trailers also require clearance
and/or marker lamps. Signal and brake lamps are recommended.
• Safety chains are required. Safety chains should be crossed so the coupling
will not fall to the road if the trailer becomes unhitched.
◆◆Special Events: Persons holding regattas, races, tournaments, or other events
must obtain a permit from the county sheriff first, or, if event is to be held
on commercially navigable or joint-jurisdiction waterways, also from the U.S.
Coast Guard.
◆◆Markers and Buoys: Private waterway markers or buoys may not be placed in
the water overnight without a permit from the county sheriff.
◆◆Local Regulations: Certain bodies of water have local restrictions. To find out
if special rules apply to a waterway on which you plan to boat, call the county
sheriff or a DNR office, or check the DNR website at www.dnr.state.mn.us/boating
then click on “Local Surface Use Regulations.””
Copyright © 2007 by Boat Ed. All rights reserved. Boat Ed is not responsible or liable for any claims, liabilities, damages, or other adverse effects or
consequences to any person or property caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly from the application or use of the information contained in
this publication. Boat Ed, 2906 Ladybird Lane, Dallas, TX, 75220
State Law ■
11
Requirements Specific to Personal Watercraft (PWCs)
In addition to adhering to all boating laws and age restrictions, PWC operators
have requirements specific to their watercraft.
◆◆Personal watercraft are required to have a “rules decal” (provided at no charge
by the DNR) affixed to the PWC in full view of the operator.
◆◆Anyone operating or riding on a PWC must wear a U.S. Coast Guardapproved Type I, II, III, or V personal flotation device (PFD or life jacket).
◆◆Operation of personal watercraft is permitted only between 9:30 a.m. and one
hour before sunset.
◆◆If the PWC is equipped with a lanyard-type ignition safety switch, the lanyard
must be attached to the person, clothing, or PFD of the operator.
◆◆You may not operate a PWC if any part of the spring-loaded throttle system
has been removed or tampered with so that it interferes with the return-to-idle
system.
◆◆PWCs may not be operated in a manner that endangers life, limb, or property.
PWC operators may not weave through congested waterway traffic or jump
the wake of another boat within 150 feet of that boat. This includes other
personal watercraft.
◆◆PWCs must travel at slow-no wake speed (5 mph or less) within 150 ft. of
non-motorized boats, shore, docks, swim rafts, swimmers, or any moored or
anchored boat. PWCs must also travel at slow-no wake speed when passing
through emergent or floating vegetation.
◆◆You may not operate a PWC while facing backward.
◆◆It is illegal to chase, harass, or disturb wildlife with your PWC.
Mandatory PWC Rules Decal
Remember …
As an owner of a PWC, you are legally
responsible if you allow your PWC to be
operated by others in violation of Minnesota
law.
Skiing and Tubing
In addition to adhering to laws as they apply to all boats, boat operators towing
a person(s) on water-skis, tube, a surfboard, a saucer, or a similar device must obey
these laws also.
◆◆Every boat towing a person(s) on water-skis or a similar device must have:
• An observer, other than the boat operator, who is continuously watching the
person being towed or …
• A wide angle rearview mirror.
◆◆If towing a person on water-skis or a similar device behind a PWC, there must
be:
• An additional person on board the PWC to act as an observer (this observer
does not have to be facing backward), or …
• A factory-installed or factory-specified wide-field rearview mirror.
◆◆The skier towed must wear a PFD or there must be a PFD carried on board
the boat for the skier. It is strongly recommended that anyone being towed wear
an impact-tested PFD designed for water-skiing.
◆◆Water-skiing and similar acts are prohibited between one hour after sunset and
sunrise the next day. PWCs may tow or operate only between 9:30 am and
one hour before sunset.
◆◆Water-ski tow ropes may not be longer than 150 feet in length unless a permit
is obtained from the county sheriff.
Copyright © 2007 by Boat Ed. All rights reserved. Boat Ed is not responsible or liable for any claims, liabilities, damages, or other adverse effects or
consequences to any person or property caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly from the application or use of the information contained in
this publication. Boat Ed, 2906 Ladybird Lane, Dallas, TX, 75220
MN 3818 ZW ■
Water-skiers should wear U.S. Coast Guardapproved PFDs which are impact-tested and
provide good protection for the skier.
Stay Up-to-Date on New
Boating Laws!
Be sure to stay abreast of new
boating laws and requirements.
For state boating law information, contact the
Minnesota Department of Natural Resources:
•• Call 1-888-646-6367 or
•• Visit www.dnr.state.mn.us
For federal boating laws, visit the U.S. Coast
Guard’s Boating safety website:
•• www.uscgboating.org
Information in this manual does not replace the
legal requirements for boating in Minnesota,
which is found in Minnesota statutes and rules
and federal laws. See the Minnesota Boating
Guide for more information.
■ State Law
12
Waste, Oil, and Trash Disposal in Minnesota and Federal Waters
Pump-Out Station Sign
Signs like these are posted at marine sanitation
pump-out stations in Minnesota.
◆◆It is illegal to discharge waste, oil, or trash into any state or federally controlled
waters. This is for very good reasons:
• Sewage carries disease and other pollutants that are harmful to people,
aquatic plants and animals.
• Trash thrown into the water can injure swimmers and wildlife alike. It can
also plug engine cooling water intakes.
• Pollution is unsightly and takes away from your enjoyment of the water.
◆◆Boat operators need to be aware of the following regulations for waste, oil,
and trash disposal that apply to both federally controlled and state waters. The
Refuse Act prohibits throwing, discharging, or depositing any refuse matter of
any kind (including trash, garbage, oil, and other liquid pollutants) into the
waters of the United States.
Discharge of Sewage and Waste
Pump-Out Station
“Y” valve must be sealed so
waste cannot be discharged
into the water
Drainage to
pump-out station
Under state law, toilets on board boats must be no-discharge devices (see exceptions below). Waste must be retained on board for proper disposal after returning
to shore.
◆◆If you have a recreational boat with permanently installed toilet facilities, it
must have an operable marine sanitation device (MSD) on board. All permanently installed devices must be U.S. Coast Guard-certified.
◆◆There are three types of MSDs.
• A Type III MSD, the simplest and most common, consists of holding tanks
or portable toilets. It requires only a small storage space and is simple to
operate. Type III MSDs have the least effect on the environment since the
waste is to be discharged on shore into a local sewage treatment facility.
• Types I and II MSDs are usually found on large boats. Waste is treated with
special chemicals to kill bacteria before the waste is discharged. Types I and
II MSDs with “Y” valves that direct the waste overboard must be secured
so that the valve cannot be opened. This can be done by placing a lock or
non-reusable seal on the “Y” valve or by taking the handle off the “Y” valve.
◆◆Type I and II USCG–certified treatment / discharge marine sanitation devices
are currently legal only on the Mississippi River below Lock and Dam #2 (at
Hastings) and on Lake Superior. This is a result of the federal preemption of
state law. MSDs on boats less than 65 feet in length must be USCG–certified
Type I or II devices.
Discharge of Trash
Typical Marine Sanitation Device
It is illegal for any vessel to dump plastic trash anywhere in the ocean or navigable waters of the
United States. Annex V of the MARPOL TREATY is a new International Law for a cleaner, safer
marine environment. Each violation of these requirements may result in civil penalty up to
$25,000, a fine up to $50,000, and imprisonment up to 5 years.
U.S. lakes, rivers, bays, sounds,
and 3 miles from shore
ILLEGAL TO DUMP:
Plastic
Garbage
3 to 12 miles
Paper
Metal
ILLEGAL TO DUMP:
Rags
Crockery
Plastic
Glass
Dunnage
Dunnage (lining & packing
Food
materials that float)
Also, if not ground to
less than one inch:
Garbage Metal
Paper
Crockery
Rags
Food
Glass
12 to 25 miles
ILLEGAL TO DUMP:
Plastic
Dunnage (lining &
packing materials
Outside 25 miles
that float)
ILLEGAL TO DUMP:
Plastic
State and local regulations may further restrict the disposal of garbage
Working together we can all make a difference!
Garbage Disposal Placard
The Act to Prevent Pollution from Ships places limitations on the discharge of
garbage from boats. It is illegal to dump refuse, garbage, or plastics into any state
or federally controlled waters. Many forms of litter can kill birds, fish, and marine
mammals.
◆◆You must store trash in a container while on board and place it in a proper
receptacle after returning to shore.
◆◆If boating on federally controlled waters and your boat is 26 feet or longer,
you must display a Garbage Disposal Placard in a prominent location. The
Garbage Disposal Placard is a durable sign that is at least 4 x 9 inches and
notifies passengers and crew about discharge restrictions.
Discharge of Oil and Other Hazardous Substances
Regulations issued under the Federal Water Pollution Control Act require all
boats with propulsion machinery to be able to retain oil mixtures on board.
◆◆You are not allowed to discharge oil or hazardous substances. The penalty for
illegal discharge may be a fine of up to $10,000.
◆◆You are not allowed to dump oil into the bilge of the boat without means for
proper disposal. Fuel spills can be removed using absorbent bilge pads.
Copyright © 2007 by Boat Ed. All rights reserved. Boat Ed is not responsible or liable for any claims, liabilities, damages, or other adverse effects or
consequences to any person or property caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly from the application or use of the information contained in
this publication. Boat Ed, 2906 Ladybird Lane, Dallas, TX, 75220
State Law ■
◆◆You must dispose of oil waste at an approved reception facility. On recreational
boats, a bucket or bailer is adequate for temporary storage prior to disposing of
the oil waste at an approved facility.
◆◆You must notify the U.S. Coast Guard immediately if your boat discharges oil
or hazardous substances in the water. Call toll-free 1-800-424-8802. Report
the discharge’s location, color, source, substances, size, and time observed.
◆◆If boating on federally controlled waters and your boat is 26 feet or longer,
you must display a 5 x 8-inch placard made of durable material, fixed in
a conspicuous place in the machinery spaces or at the bilge pump control
station, stating the following:
Discharge of Oil Prohibited
The Federal Water Pollution Control Act prohibits the discharge of oil or oily
waste upon or into any navigable waters of the U.S. The prohibition includes
any discharge which causes a film or discoloration of the surface of the water
or causes a sludge or emulsion beneath the surface of the water. Violators
are subject to substantial civil and/or criminal sanctions including fines and
imprisonment.
Waste Management Plan
◆◆Ocean-going vessels that are 40 feet or more in length with cooking and
sleeping facilities must have a written Waste Management Plan.
◆◆The captain of the vessel is responsible for implementing the Waste
Management Plan.
◆◆The Waste Management Plan, identifying the vessel’s name and home port,
should be posted and should include directives to all persons on board about:
• Discharging sewage and hazardous substances
• Discharging garbage and other food waste
• Disposing of plastics, bottles, and cans
• Reading applicable placards for additional information
• Advising the captain in case of oily discharges or diesel spills
Stop Harmful Exotic Species
◆◆Minnesota waters are threatened by a number of species of exotic plants and
animals, which often spread between waterways by hitching a ride on boats and
trailers. When moved into new waters, these species rapidly multiply, damaging
the water resource. It is illegal to transport any aquatic plants, the Ruffe, Round
Goby, Zebra Mussel, Sea Lamprey, or other prohibited exotic species on public
roads or to launch a boat or trailer with these species attached.
◆◆You can stop the spread of nuisance species by doing the following:
• Remove any visible plants and animals from your boat, trailer, and boating
equipment before leaving any waterway.
• Drain water from the motor, live well, bilge, and transom wells at the ramp
or access before leaving any waterway.
• Empty your bait bucket on land. Never release live bait into a waterway.
• Wash and dry your boat and boating equipment to kill harmful species that
were not visible at the waterway. Before transporting your boat to another
waterway, either rinse your boat and trailer with hot tap water, spray your
boat and trailer with high-pressure water at a car wash, or allow your boat
and equipment to dry for at least five days.
◆◆For more information, contact the DNR Exotic Species Program, Ecological
Services, at 651-259-5100 or 1-888-646-6367.
Copyright © 2007 by Boat Ed. All rights reserved. Boat Ed is not responsible or liable for any claims, liabilities, damages, or other adverse effects or
consequences to any person or property caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly from the application or use of the information contained in
this publication. Boat Ed, 2906 Ladybird Lane, Dallas, TX, 75220
13
Oil Discharge Placard
A 5 x 8-inch sign that states the law pertaining
to oil discharge
What to Do in Case of Discharge:
If your vessel discharges oil or
hazardous substances in the water,
notify the U.S. Coast Guard by calling:
•• 1-800-424-8802
Also notify the PCA State Duty Officer at
•• 1-800-422-0798 or
•• 651-649-5451
14
■ State Law
Boating Accidents and Casualties … What the Law Requires You to Do
◆◆By law, you must stop and render whatever assistance is necessary to any
person involved in a boating accident unless the action would endanger your
own boat, crew or passengers.
◆◆By law, boat operators involved in an accident must report the accident by the
quickest means possible to the county sheriff where the accident or incident
occurred if it has resulted in:
• Property damage of $2,000 or more or …
• Total loss of a boat or …
• Personal injury or …
• Fatality.
◆◆If a second boat or other property is involved, the operator must provide his
or her name and address, the boat registration number, and the owner’s name
and address to the other operator or owner.
Enforcement and Penalties
Minnesota DNR
conservation officers
and county sheriffs
enforce Minnesota’s
boating laws,
as well as other
regulations.
Federal Jurisdiction
In Minnesota, federal jurisdiction applies to
waters such as Lake Superior, Canadian border
waters, Mississippi and St. Croix Rivers, and
Cass, Gull, Leech, and Winnibigoshish Lakes.
The boat and water safety laws of Minnesota are enforced by Department
of Natural Resources conservation officers and county sheriffs. The U.S. Coast
Guard and the National Park Service also have enforcement authority on federally
controlled waters. Whenever an enforcement officer contacts you, you are required
to stop your boat and allow the officer to come alongside. Enforcement officers
have the right to stop and board boats in order to check for compliance with
federal and state laws.
◆◆Persons who violate boat and water safety statutes are subject to arrest.
Violation of a boat and water safety statute or rule is a misdemeanor, with
some exceptions for repeat violations or more serious offenses.
◆◆Juvenile boating offenders are generally directed to a juvenile court but in
some cases may be referred to a regular court.
Copyright © 2007 by Boat Ed. All rights reserved. Boat Ed is not responsible or liable for any claims, liabilities, damages, or other adverse effects or
consequences to any person or property caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly from the application or use of the information contained in
this publication. Boat Ed, 2906 Ladybird Lane, Dallas, TX, 75220