a guide to lesser known tropical timber species

Transcription

GLOBAL
FOREST
&TRADE
NETWORK
A GUIDE TO LESSER KNOWN TROPICAL TIMBER SPECIES
JULY 2013
1
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WWF/GFTN GUIDE TO LESSER KNOWN TROPICAL TIMBER SPECIES
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DISCLAIMER:
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USING THE GUIDE
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REFERENCES...
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ENGINEERING &
CONSTRUCTION
WINDOW
FRAMES
ENGINEERING & DECKING
CONSTRUCTION
GFTN CONTACT INFORMATION...
WINDOW
FRAMES
VENEER
GARDEN
FURNITURE
DECKING
ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
AFRICAN CANARIUM (Canarium schweinfurthii)
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS:
!",6$84,@#$0%[email protected]#&#*+)#@$5'$/+32#3$ZZFb\[email protected],.%-+3;$`%2#6$S+3.#?$>)#1,%*$-"%.B6$8+#6$-+$-"#$ZZFb\F!U$1+**#%84#6$0"+$64))+3-#@$-",6$84,@#;$,.$)%3-,14*%3$<*/3#@[email protected],84#C;$
<*#A%[email protected]%$k%2+3%;$\,A6$N3#4B,.B;$S42%$K"%.;$K%3#.$7+;$7%3,%$W#*EG%32#.$G%33#3%;$=%4*$W%.1#;$>#5%6-,%.$>1"3%@#3;$U+35#3-$>+..#;$W%.,#*$<3%.1,5,%$%[email protected]$746-%)"%$>#,@4?
ZZFb\F!U$0+4*@$*,B#$-+$-"%.B$!"#[email protected]()*+3#3?1+2$/+3$)3+&,@,.8$241"$+/$-"#$-#1".,1%*$,./+32%-,+.$+.$-"#$6)#1,#6$,@#.-,/,#@$,.$-"#$84,@#$%[email protected]$-"#$,2%8#6$+/$-"#$-,25#3$6)#1,#6^$%[email protected]$-"#$2%.'$
1+2)%.,#6$%[email protected]$+38%.,C%-,+.6$-"%-$3#6)[email protected]#@$-+$3#H4#6-6$/+3$,./+32%-,+.;$,.$)%3-,14*%3$-"#$D.&,3+.2#.-$<8#.1'$%[email protected]$!=<W<?
3
POSSIBLE ALTERNATIVES
1 OF 3
G*,1B$+.$%.'$%*-#3.%-,&#$6)#1,#6$/+3$2+3#[email protected]#-%,*6?$G*,1B$+.$#[email protected]$46#6$-+$&,#0$%*-#3.%-,&#$6)#1,#6$5'$#[email protected]$46#?
USING THIS SPECIES...
OTHER NAMES
ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
OTHER NAMES
AFRICAN MAHOGANY
(Khaya ivorensis)
ACAJOU BASSAM, ACAJOU
BLANC, DEKE, ACAJOU
ANDIROBA (Carapa guianensis, Carapa procera)
SANTA MARIA (Calophyllum brasiliense)
AFRICAN ELEMI, MUPAFU
CARAPA, CRAB WOOD
JACAREÚBA, GUANANDI, LANDIM, OLANDIM,
LANDI, OCURE
AFRICAN WALNUT
CONGOWOOD, TIGERWOOD
CARAPA, CRAB WOOD
JACAREÚBA, GUANANDI, LANDIM, OLANDIM,
LANDI, OCURE
AFRORMOSIA
AFRICAN TEAK
GUARIUBA (Clarisia racemosa)
TIMBAUBA (Enterolobium schomburgkii)
MURURÉ, TULPAY, MATAPALO, OITY,
CARACO
BATIBATRA
AFRICAN CELTIS (Celtis mildbraedii/ zenkeri)
LOTOFA (Sterculia rhinopetala)
NATAL STINKWOOD, NATAL ELM
(Lovoa trichilioides)
(Pericopsis elata)
ASH
(Fraxinus spp.)
BIRCH (Betula spp.)
CARACO
DIAMBE, BLACK GUAREA
KANDA (Beilschmiedia mannii)
AKOK, BOGO
BOXWOOD (Buxus spp.)
BOX
CARACO
BRAZILIAN MAHOGANY
BIG LEAF MAHOGANY
OBOTO (Mammea africana)
CARAPA, CRAB WOOD
AFRICAN APPLE, BASTARD MAHOGANY
OGEA (Daniellia ogea)
NSOU, FARO
(Dalbergia nigra)
BAHIA ROSEWOOD,
JACARANDÁ DA BAHIA
DARK & LIGHT RED MERANTI
LAUAN, SERAYA
BRAZILIAN ROSEWOOD
(Shorea spp.)
GERONGGANG (Cratoxylon arborescens)
ENGINEERING &
CONSTRUCTION
WINDOW
FRAMES
DECKING
WAWABIMA
BOSSE (Guarea spp.)
(Swietenia macrophylla)
END USES...
VENEER
GARDEN
FURNITURE
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
FLOORING
4
OTHER NAMES
ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
EBONY (Diospyros spp.)
AZOBÉ, RED IRON WOOD
TIGER WOOD (Astronium fraxinifolium & Astronium lecointei)
EKKI (Lophira alata)
AZOBÉ, RED IRON WOOD
ANGELIM VERMELHO (Dinizia excelsa)
CUBIUBA (Goupia glabra)
EVEUSS (Klainedoxa gabunensis)
OKAN (Cylicodiscus gabunensis)
PEQUIA (Caryocar villosum)
TALI (Erythrophleum suaveolens)
GREENHEART (Ocotea rodiaei)
IPE (Tabebiua serratifolia)
IROKO (Chlorophora excelsa)
MAHOGANY (Swietenia spp.)
MAPLE (Acer spp.)
OTHER NAMES
BRAZILIAN WALNUT,
LAPACHO
KABUKALLI
BOKOKA, ADUM
BOKOKA, ADUM
PELI, MBELE
END USES...
2 OF 3
ENGINEERING &
CONSTRUCTION
WINDOW
FRAMES
KABUKALLI
BOKOKA, ADUM
DECKING
PELI, MBELE
CURUPAY (Anadenanthera colubrina)
VILCA, HUILCO, WILCO, CEBIL
LATI (Amphimas pterocarpoides)
MANDIOQUEIRA (Qualea paraensis)
TATAJUBA (Bagassa guianensis)
MURURÉ, TULPAY, MATAPALO,
OITY, CARACO
BLACK CABBAGE BARK (Lonchocarpus castilloi)
MACARATO, TIMBO
AKOK, BOGO
JACAREÚBA, GUANANDI, LANDIM,
OLANDIM, LANDI, OCURE
MURURÉ, TULPAY, MATAPALO,
OITY, CARACO
AMAPARANA, BAGASSE, TARAIKO
HARINO, MENUDITO, BOUGOU BATI
BATRA, ACACIA FRANC, JEBIO, HEVIO
VENEER
GARDEN
FURNITURE
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
FLOORING
5
OTHER NAMES
ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
OTHER NAMES
MERANTI
LAUAN, SERAYA (LIGHT
RED MERANTI)
JATOBA (Erisma uncinatum)
(Shorea spp.)
OAK
BERANGAN (Castanopsis acuminatissima)
NARGUSTA (Terminalia amazonica)
(Quercus spp.)
OKOUME
ANGOUMA, GABOON
(Aucoumea klaineana)
ROSEWOOD
(Dalbergia spp.)
SAPELE
SAPELLI, ABOUDIKRO
(Entandrophragma cylindricum)
TEAK
(Tectona grandis)
SIPO
UTILE
(Entandrophragma utile)
WALNUT
(Juglans spp.)
WENGE
(Millettia laurentii)
WHITE ASH
(Fraxinus americana)
NATAL WHITE STINKWOOD,
NATAL ELM
WHITE OAK, NEW GUINEA OAK
ENGINEERING &
CONSTRUCTION
WHITE OLIVE
MORADO (Machaerium scleroxylon)
JACARANDA (Jacaranda copaia)
BOLIVIAN ROSEWOOD, CAVIUNA,
JACARANDA PARDO, PAU FERRO
CARAPA, CRAB WOOD
CHEREK (Peronema canescens)
MACARATO, TIMBO
CARAPA, CRAB WOOD
TCHITOLA (Oxystigma oxyphyllum)
AKOK, BOGO
SAPUPIRA (Diplotropis purpurea)
TATABU, ZWARTE KABBES,
SUCUPIRA
6
3 OF 3
KONDROTI (Bombax brevicuspe)
JAGUA (Genipa americana)
END USES...
SUNGKAI
AKWAKWA, KITOLA, EMOLA
WINDOW
FRAMES
DECKING
VENEER
GARDEN
FURNITURE
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
FLOORING
ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
;<=!>?<@
! WI>!=INV!IiU
GARDEN
FURNITURE
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
DECKING
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
FLOORING
VENEER
;@A$A<?!B;B<[email protected]>DDEB<[email protected]
G#.-3%*$]$Z#6-$</3,1%
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
SD<=!ZiiW$GiJiV=
T,.B,6"$0"#.$/3#6"*'[email protected]%3B#.6$-+$*,8"-$53+0.$2%"+8%.'$1+*+43
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>%[email protected]$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
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YeM$0"#.$W3'
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INTERIOR
FURNITURE
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
K1+,0#$CL6+39#&.#1#7$
>ZEGiGEMMlMlY$b$>ZEGZbF7EMMfaRe$b$>ZEGiGEMMleaa$b$>ZE
F7bGiGEMMlYRR$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
FLOORING
W43%5*#;$54-$6++.$%/-#3$/#**,.8;$*+86$6"+4*@$5#$-3#%-#@$1"#2,1%**';$
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9;8'2'(#>/-$&)#):$-"%-$,-$464%**'$3#H4,3#6$%.$#()#[email protected],//#3#.-,%-#$5#-0##.$
-"#$-0+?$<*6+;$%$6456-,-4-#$/+3$iB+42#$9?3./39$'(@0'#&$'&':$/+3$)*'[email protected]?$
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"--)cbb-3+),(?1,3%@?/3b%/3,1%b<IDJD?)@/
7
ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
;<=!>?<@
! WI>!=INV!IiU
=#@@,6"$53+0.
WDU>I!n$K8b2a
YlL
>IJIG<$GiU!DU!
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LRRM$0"#.$W3'
ENGINEERING & RAILWAY
CONSTRUCTION SLEEPERS
DECKING
WINDOW
FRAMES
VENEER
GARDEN
VENEER
DECKING
F1*.$;3+1#*).37$
FURNITURE
J+86;$J425#3$9>R>;$>l>$E$#()+3-;$5+%[email protected];$5#%26;$6H4%3#6$%[email protected]$+-"#3$
[email protected]+2#6-,1:$$
K1##&$K+3/$;+1#*)1R7$
>%[email protected]$]$*+86$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
GARDEN
VENEER
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
FURNITURE
Q6A+11R$T$A+$E)/7$$
I.-#3.%-,+.%*$!,25#3$%[email protected][email protected]$!3%@,.8c$E$T%.#*$)[email protected];$6%[email protected];$
2%1",.#@$6+*,@[email protected]
GARDEN
INTERIOR
A<?!B;BA=!<$AFC<
FURNITURE
FURNITURE
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
F1*.$;3+1#*).37$
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INTERIOR
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SLEEPERS
FLOORING
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WV=<NIJI!n
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SLEEPERS
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6-3#.8-"$+/$%,[email protected],#@[email protected]$,6$6,2,*%3$-+$-"%-$+/$!#%B$9A$.%/&'(6-'&<#):;$
0",1"$,6$1+.6,@#3#@$-+$5#$6-3+.8?$>-3#.8-"$)3+)#3-,#6;$#6)#1,%**'$6-,//.#66;$
%3#$3%-#@$%6$",8"#3$-"%.$-"+6#$+/[email protected]%6$2%"+8%.'?$I-$3#6,[email protected]#.-,.8$%[email protected]$
2%33,.8$%5+4-$%6$0#**$%6$0",-#$+%B$9B3$-.3)('05':$+3$N,31"$9C$%30'()**+:?$$
\[email protected]$3#8#.#3%-,+.;$%[email protected]$)*%.-%-,+.$)+-#.-,%*?$
7i=D$IUFi=7<!IiU
FLOORING
DECKING
G#.-3%*$]$>+4-"$<2#3,1%
SD<=!ZiiW$GiJiV=
WINDOW
FRAMES
F1*.$;3+1#*).37$
F>GEGMMReYL
FLOORING
K1##&$K+3/$;+1#*)1R7$
F>GEGLMlRfa$b$F>GEGLMaYmm$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
Q6A+11R$T$A+$E)/7$$
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"--)cbb-3+),(?1,3%@?/3b%2#3,1%b<UWI=iN<?)@/
8
ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
;<=!>?<@
! WI>!=INV!IiU
T,.B$*,8"-$53+0.$0,-"$-",[email protected]%3B#3$&#,.6
WDU>I!n$K8b2a
YlL
>IJIG<$GiU!DU!
U+-$B.+0.
VENEER
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
GARDEN
FURNITURE
WINDOW
FRAMES
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
DECKING
DECKING
FLOORING
VENEER
GARDEN
VENEER
FURNITURE
INTERIOR
RAILWAY
FURNITURE
K1##&$K+3/$;+1#*)1R7$
SLEEPERS
>+*,@[email protected]$96%0.;$1",))#@;$)##*#@:$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
G#.-3%*$]$>+4-"$<2#3,1%
SD<=!ZiiW$GiJiV=
GARDEN
FURNITURE
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GARDEN
FURNITURE
V+&$W,2%+3/)$;+1#*)7$
RAILWAY
FLOORING
SLEEPERS
J+86$]$6%[email protected]$$
INTERIOR
A<?!B;BA=!<$AFC<
FURNITURE
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LLfM$0"#[email protected]'
FLOORING
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
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9
ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
;<=!>?<@
! WI>!=INV!IiU
SD<=!ZiiW$GiJiV=
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
WINDOW
FRAMES
FLOORING
DECKING
VENEER
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n#**+0$5#1+2,.8$*46-3+46$53+0.$4)+.$1+.-%1-$0,-"$*,8"Q.%#)7$$
W++36;$/*++3,.8$][email protected]#1B,.8$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
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"--)cbb-3+),(?1,3%@?/3b%2#3,1%b\V<=IVN<?)@/
10
ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
;<=!>?<@
! WI>!=INV!IiU
GARDEN
FURNITURE
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
FLOORING
VENEER
GARDEN
FURNITURE
>+4-"$<2#3,1%
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
SD<=!ZiiW$GiJiV=
>#%6+.#@$"#%[email protected]$,6$*,8"-$'#**+0,6"$53+0.$6+2#-,2#6$0,-"[email protected]%3B#3$
6-3#%B6
WDU>I!n$K8b2a
QLa
>IJIG<$GiU!DU!
U+-$B.+0.
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
Q.%#)7$
7%.4/%1-43#3$+/[email protected]$)[email protected];$641"$%[email protected]++36;$/*++3,.8$%[email protected]$/43.,-43#$
9,[email protected]++3$%[email protected][email protected]++3:
FLOORING
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
A<?!B;BA=!<$AFC<
7ijD7DU!$IU$>D=jIGD
D(1#**#.-$6-%5,*,-'$E$62%**$2+&#2#.-
`<UKIWD$S<=WUD>>
IU$9JN>?$iF$Fi=GD:
RaaM$0"#[email protected]'
WV=<NIJI!n
FLOORING
Q.%#)7$
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j#3'$W43%5*#
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G+%36#
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\#.#3%*$/,.,6",.8$H4%*,-,#6$%3#$3%-#@$%[email protected]?$$!"#$-,25#3$,6$6,2,*%3$,.$
)3+)#3-,#6$-+$-"#$</3,1%.$6)#1,#6$</3+32+6,%$9,$-#./*)#)($0'%':?
II;JK;!G$F;;BA<@
7i=D$IUFi=7<!IiU
"--)cbb-3+),(?1,3%@?/3b%2#3,1%bN<!IN<!=<?)@/
"--)cbb000?/)*?/6?/#@[email protected]+142.-6b!#1">"##-6bG"[email protected]+//b!3+)<2#3,1%.b
"-2*W+16q-3+)%2#3,1%.bD.-#3+*+5,4261"+25438B,,?"-2*
11
K;!GNU+3(9(.
555O-')&O0.&/.O+1-J.%+,)P-')&J6+&).6)*J
ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
;<=!>?<@
! WI>!=INV!IiU
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
DECKING
FLOORING
VENEER
GARDEN
FURNITURE
G#.-3%*$]$Z#6-$</3,1%
SD<=!ZiiW$GiJiV=
F3#6"*'[email protected]$'#**+0,6"E0",-#$-+$*,8"-$5#,8#$,.$1+*+43;$54-$,-$-43.6$
-+$83#',6"$5#,8#$4)+.$#()+643#
WDU>I!n$K8b2a
eae
>IJIG<$GiU!DU!
J+0
K1+,0#$CL6+39#&.#1#7$
>%[email protected]$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
A<?!B;BA=!<$AFC<
7ijD7DU!$IU$>D=jIGD
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IU$9JN>?$iF$Fi=GD:
LfaM$0"#[email protected]'
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
K1+,0#$CL6+39#&.#1#7$
FLOORING
F7bGiGEMMlYRR$$
WV=<NIJI!n
U+.EW43%5*#
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9D'63)()20>'%#.':?$!"#[email protected]$,6$",8"*'$&4*.#3%5*#$-+$/4.8%*$6-%,.,.8;$%[email protected]$
3#H4,3#6$,22#@,%-#$)3#&#.-,&#$2#%643#6$%/-#3$6%0,.8?$T3+)#3-,#6$1%.$
1"%.8#$0,-"$"#%-;$%[email protected]$1%.$-%B#$%[email protected]$6-%,.?$I-$,6$&#3'$6,2,*%3$-+$i%B$
9B3$-.3)()**+:?$I-$,6$%*6+$1+.6,@#3#@$-+$5#$%[email protected]$/*++3,.8$-,25#3$-"%-$
0#%36$62++-"*'?$S%&#$%[email protected]$3#8#.#3%-,+.$)%--#3.
K1+,0#$CL6+39#&.#1#7$
F>GEGMMQLQR$b$F>GEGMQRmRQ$b$F>GEGMLRemR$b$F>GEGMlLLQe
II;JK;!G$F;;BA<@
7i=D$IUFi=7<!IiU
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
"--)cbb-3+),(?1,3%@?/3b%/3,1%bGDJ!I>qWq<F=IpVD?)@/
12
K;!GNA.2#1++&
555O-')&O0.&/.O+1-J.%+,)P-')&J6+&).6)*J
ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
LOTOFA (WAWABIMA) (Sterculia rhinopetala)
;<=!>?<@
! WI>!=INV!IiU
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
DECKING
FLOORING
VENEER
GARDEN
FURNITURE
G#.-3%*$]$Z#6-$</3,1%
SD<=!ZiiW$GiJiV=
=#@@,6"$53+0.
WDU>I!n$K8b2a
emf
>IJIG<$GiU!DU!
S,8"$
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>%[email protected]$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
A<?!B;BA=!<$AFC<
7ijD7DU!$IU$>D=jIGD
J%38#$2+&#2#.-$,.$6#3&,1#
`<UKIWD$S<=WUD>>
IU$9JN>?$iF$Fi=GD:
LmLM$0"#.$W3'
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
K1+,0#$CL6+39#&.#1#7$
FLOORING
F7bGiGEMMlYRR$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
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)3,2#$,2)+3-%.1#;$641"$%6$,.$-++*$"%[email protected]*#6?$\#.#3%*$/,.,6",.8$H4%*,-,#6$%3#$
3%-#@$%[email protected]?$!"#$-,25#3$,6$3#)+3-#@$-+$5#$)##*#@$/+3$)*'[email protected]$2%.4/%1-43#;$
1+3#E6-+1B$%[email protected]$/%1,.86$/+3$5*+1B5+%[email protected]?$I-$,6$%*6+$6*,1#@$,.-+$",8"*'[email protected]#1+3%-,&#$
&#.##36$/+3$)%.#**,.8$%[email protected]$,.-#3,[email protected]#1+3%-,+.?$W#613,5#@$%6$%$"#%&'$%[email protected]$
6-3+.8$-,25#3$0,-"$&#3'$",8"$-+48".#66$6-3#.8-";$0",1"$2%B#6$,-$64,-%5*#$/+3$
1+.6-341-,+.$%))*,1%-,+.6$0"#3#$.%-43%*$3#6,6-%.1#[email protected]#1%'$,6$.+-$13,-,1%*?
7i=D$IUFi=7<!IiU
K1+,0#$CL6+39#&.#1#7$
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K;!GNA.2#1++&
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"--)cbb-3+),(?1,3%@?/3b%/3,1%bJi!iF<?)@/
13
ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
;<=!>?<@
! WI>!=INV!IiU
T,.B$53+0.$-+$3#@$53+0.
WDU>I!n$K8b2a
Yea
>IJIG<$GiU!DU!
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
DECKING
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
FLOORING
VENEER
G#.-3%*$]$Z#6-$</3,1%
SD<=!ZiiW$GiJiV=
GARDEN
FURNITURE
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
I(M2.$C+,.3.7$
>%[email protected]
FLOORING
7ijD7DU!$IU$>D=jIGD
D(1#**#.-$6-%5,*,-'$E$62%**$2+&#2#.-
`<UKIWD$S<=WUD>>
IU$9JN>?$iF$Fi=GD:
LLYM$0"#.$W3'
I(M2.$C+,.3.7$
NjEGiGEMeMYMe
j#3'$W43%5*#
!Do!V=D
7#@,42b$G+%36#
Zi=KIU\$pV<JI!n
7#@,42
I(M2.$C+,.3.7$
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K%[email protected]%$3#6)[email protected]$0#**$-+$6)#1,%**'$-,))#@$-++*6$,.$2%1",.,.8$+)#3%-,+.6$
6,.1#$,-$-#[email protected][email protected]**[email protected],.%3'$-++*6$6#&#3#*'?$K%[email protected]%$,6$/%3$64)#3,+3$
,.$6-3#.8-"$-+$#,-"#3$!#%B$9A$.%/&'(6-'&<#):$+3$S%[email protected]$2%)*#$9?.$-(
)'..8'-39:?
II;JK;!G$F;;BA<@
"--)[email protected]+3B#366+431#?1+2b+.*,.#q6"[email protected]?
)")[email protected]#,*61"2,#@,%tRM2%..,,
14
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
FLOORING
WV=<NIJI!n
7i=D$IUFi=7<!IiU
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
S,8"$
A<?!B;BA=!<$AFC<
GARDEN
FURNITURE
K;!GNA.2#1++&
555O-')&O0.&/.O+1-J.%+,)P-')&J6+&).6)*J
ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
OBOTO (Mammea africana)
;<=!>?<@
! WI>!=INV!IiU
GARDEN
FURNITURE
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
DECKING
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
FLOORING
VENEER
G#.-3%*$]$Z#6-$</3,1%
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
SD<=!ZiiW$GiJiV=
I.,-,%**'$3#@$+3$3#@$53+0.;$54-$2%-43#6$,[email protected]%3B$3#@@,6"E53+0.?$!"#$1+*+43$
,6$3#)+3-#@$-+$5#$1+2)%3%5*#$-+$-"%-$+/$-34#$2%"+8%.';$%[email protected]$,6$%--3%1-,&#*'$
2%3B#@$+3$/*#1B#@$0,-"[email protected]?
WDU>I!n$K8b2a
eYQ
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7ijD7DU!$IU$>D=jIGD
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%3#$3#)+3-#@$-+$3%.8#$/3+2$2#@,42$-+$",8"?
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FLOORING
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6-3#.8-";$+3$1+2)3#66,+.$)%3%**#*$-+$83%,.$,.$-"#$%,[email protected]'[email protected],-,+.;$,6$,.$
-"#$&#3'$",8"$3%.8#?$I-$,6$8#.#3%**'$64)#3,+3$-+$</3,1%.$7%"+8%.'$9;8'2'(
#>/-$&)#):$,.$6-3#.8-"$)3+)#3-,#6;$#6)#1,%**'$5#[email protected],.8$6-3#.8-"?$S%[email protected]#66$
,6$3%-#@$%6$2#@,42?$I-$3#6,[email protected]#.-,.8$%[email protected]$2%33,.8$%5+4-$%6$0#**$%6$Z",-#$
+%B$9B3$-.3)('05':$+3$N,31"$9C$%30'()**+:?$I-$,6$%$&#3'$"#%&'[email protected];$0,-"$",8"$
@#.6,-'?
7i=D$IUFi=7<!IiU
"--)[email protected]+3B#366+431#?1+2b6"+0q)3+)#3-,#6?
)")[email protected]%22#%tRM%/3,1%.%
15
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
FLOORING
WV=<NIJI!n
!Do!V=D
GARDEN
FURNITURE
I(M2.$C+,.3.7$
F>GEGMLaQeL$
II;JK;!G$F;;BA<@
K;!GNA.2#1++&
555O-')&O0.&/.O+1-J.%+,)P-')&J6+&).6)*J
ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
OGEA (Daniellia ogea)
;<=!>?<@
! WI>!=INV!IiU
GARDEN
FURNITURE
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
DECKING
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
FLOORING
VENEER
G#.-3%*$]$Z#6-$</3,1%
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
SD<=!ZiiW$GiJiV=
J,8"-$8+*@#.$53+0.$+3$)%*#$),.B,6"E53+0.$-+$3#@@,6"$53+0.;$6+2#-,2#6$
2%3B#@$0,-"[email protected]%3B#3$6-3#%B6
K1+,0#$CL6+39#&.#1#7$
>%[email protected]$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
WDU>I!n$K8b2a
lYl
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6%[email protected]
>IJIG<$GiU!DU!
S,8"$
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[email protected]#3%-#*'$W,//,14*-
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
I(M2.$C+,.3.7$
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[email protected]#3%-#
G+%36#$
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
K1+,0#$CL6+39#&.#1#7$
F7bGiGEMMlYRR$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
FLOORING
WV=<NIJI!n
!Do!V=D
GARDEN
FURNITURE
K1+,0#$CL6+39#&.#1#7$
F>GEGMMQLQR$b$F>GEGMQRmRQ$b$F>GEGMLRemR$b$F>GEGMlLLQe$$$$$$$
!"#[email protected]$"%6$2#@,[email protected]#.6,-';$*+0$5#[email protected],.8$6-3#.8-";$&#3'$*+0$6-,//.#66$
%[email protected]$3#6,6-%.1#$-+$6"+1B$*+%@6;$%[email protected]$2#@,42$1346",.8$6-3#.8-"?$I-$,6$%$
64,-%5*#$6456-,-4-#$/+3$=+6#[email protected]$94'05$-6#'()**+:$,.$6+*,@$6#1-,+.6?$<$
@#1+3%-,&#$&#.##3$1%.$5#$)[email protected]#@$/3+2$6#*#1-#@$*+86?
I(M2.$C+,.3.7$
F>GEGMLaQeL$$
II;JK;!G$F;;BA<@
7i=D$IUFi=7<!IiU
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"--)cbb-3+),(?1,3%@?/3b%/3,1%bF<=i?)@/
16
ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
VENEER
GERONGGANG (Cratoxylon arborescens)
GARDEN
FURNITURE
;<=!>?<@
! WI>!=INV!IiU
I.,-,%**'[email protected]%3B$),.B$+3$*,8"-$53,1BE3#@?$D()+643#[email protected]%3B#.6$-"#[email protected];$54-$-"#$
3#@$1+*+43$,6$3#)+3-#@$-+$3#2%,.?
WDU>I!n$K8b2a
afMEYLM
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S,8"$
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IU$9JN>?$iF$Fi=GD:
lRM$/+3$83##.$2%-#3,%*
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
DECKING
DECKING
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
FLOORING
VENEER
GARDEN
VENEER
FURNITURE
INTERIOR
RAILWAY
X,20,3.&$D#&-,1,*.&$X.R,$X.R.&$!#1#&--.&,[email protected]/&$U"/
FURNITURE
SLEEPERS
ZXDXX![7$>%0.$-,25#3;$/43.,-43#;[email protected]++36$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
SD<=!ZiiW$GiJiV=
@,2#.6,+.%*$6-%5,*,-'
GARDEN
FURNITURE
>+4-"ED%6-$<6,%
7ijD7DU!$IU$>D=jIGD
WINDOW
FRAMES
@.1($U,2($X,*,2.7$$
T*'[email protected];$>%[email protected];$W#1B,.8$]$7+4*@,.86$$$$
GARDEN
FURNITURE
[email protected],4.$\.R.$Q.42,17$
RAILWAY
FLOORING
J+86$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
SLEEPERS
INTERIOR
A<?!B;BA=!<$AFC<
FURNITURE
FLOORING
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
ZXDXX![7$>G>EF7bGiGEMMLMmU$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
@.1($U,2($X,*,2.7$ RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
=<EF7bGiGEMMRYlf$b$=<EGiGEMMLYLe
WV=<NIJI!n
FLOORING
GVEF7bGiGEmLRYQQ$b$GVEGiGEmLRYQQ
[email protected]#3%-#*'$W43%5*#$E$-3#%-2#.-$3#H4,3#@
FLOORING
!Do!V=D
[email protected]#3%-#*'$/,.#$%[email protected]$#&#.
Zi=KIU\$pV<JI!n
W,//,14*-
F+3$2+6-$)3%1-,1%*$)43)+6#6$\#3+.88%.8$,6$3#)+3-#@$-+$5#$&#3'$6,2,*%3$
-+$W%3B$3#@$7#3%.-,$9!8/-$'()**+:$,.$1+*+43$%[email protected]$-+$J,8"-$3#@$7#3%.-,$
E!8/-$'()**+:$,.$6-3#.8-"$)3+)#3-,#6?$<56#.1#$+/$3#6,.$1%.%*6$,6$3#)+3-#@$
-+$8,&#$\#3+.88%.8$6+2#$%@&%.-%8#$+&#3$7#3%.-,$,.$%))*,1%-,+.6$0"#3#$
-"#$)3#6#.1#$+/$3#6,.$1%.%*6$,6$/[email protected]$-+$5#$+5A#1-,+.%5*#?$!"#[email protected]$"%6$
2#@,[email protected]#.6,-';$%[email protected]$,6$*+0$,.$0#,8"-?$$7%($"%3&#6-$/3+2$J%+6$/+3#6-6$/+3$
.#(-$f$'#%36c$R;QLY2a$GZ$]$afM$2a$F>G?
7i=D$IUFi=7<!IiU
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"--)cbb000?/)*?/6?/#@[email protected]+142.-6b!#1">"##-6bG"[email protected]+//b>D<6,%.q
i1#%.,1b"-2*W+16q>D<6,%.bG3%-+('*+.%35+3#61#.6?"-2*
17
@.1($U,2($X,*,2.7$$
F>GEGMRLmeM$b$F>GEGMMLQfY$$$$
F>GEGLMRaMf$b$F>GEGLMfeMY$
II;JK;!G$F;;BA<@
K;!GNQ.3.R*(.S$K;!GNB&/+&#*(.
555O-')&O0.&/.O+1-J.%+,)P-')&J6+&).6)*J
ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
Muiracatiara
;<=!>?<@
! WI>!=INV!IiU
WINDOW
FRAMES
GARDEN
FURNITURE
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
DECKING
DECKING
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
FLOORING
VENEER
VENEER
>+4-"$<2#3,1%
SD<=!ZiiW$GiJiV=
i.#$+/$-"#$2+6-$5#%4-,/4*$-3+),1%*[email protected]?$N3+0.$3#@$93466#-$53+0.;$+3%.8#$
53+0.$+3$3#@@,6"$53+0.$0"#.$/3#6";$1"%.8,.8$4)+.$#()+643#$-+$53+0.;$3#@;$
[email protected]%3B$3#@@,6"$53+0.:;$0,-"$6-3#%B6
WDU>I!n$K8b2a
QYL
>IJIG<$GiU!DU!
S,8"$
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
Q.%#)7$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
GARDEN
9,[email protected]++3$%[email protected][email protected]++3:$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
FURNITURE
FLOORING
INTERIOR
A<?!B;BA=!<$AFC<
FURNITURE
7ijD7DU!$IU$>D=jIGD
W,2#.6,+.%**'$6-%5*#$%/-#3$6#%6+.,.8
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RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
WV=<NIJI!n
W43%5*#
FLOORING
!Do!V=D
F,.#$-+$7#@,42
Zi=KIU\$pV<JI!n
F%,3*'$W,//,14*-
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$$$$$$$$$$$$$
D.33(*6+7$$
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
K1+,0#$CL6+39#&.#1#7$
FLOORING
>%[email protected]$
A<?!B;BA=!<$AFC<
7ijD7DU!$IU$>D=jIGD
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RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
I(M2.7$
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D.33(*6+7$$
FLOORING
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"--)cbb-3+),(?1,3%@?/3b%/3,1%bJ<!I?)@/
26
ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
VENEER
MANDIOQUEIRA (Qualea paraensis)
GARDEN
FURNITURE
;<=!>?<@
! WI>!=INV!IiU
T,.B,6"$53+0.$-+$3#@@,6"$53+0.
WDU>I!n$K8b2a
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@,2#.6,+.%*$6-%5,*,-'
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LaRM$0"#.$W3'
WV=<NIJI!n
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
DECKING
DECKING
FLOORING
VENEER
VENEER
INTERIOR
C<XQ=7$
FURNITURE
W#1B,.8;$/#.1,.8;$-,*#6;[email protected]++3$/43.,-43#
>+4-"$<2#3,1%
SD<=!ZiiW$GiJiV=
WINDOW
FRAMES
F1*.$;3+1#*).37$
GARDEN
[email protected]+2#6-,1:$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
FURNITURE
RAILWAY
A+&*+16(+$;+1#*).3$=2.Y+&(6+7$
SLEEPERS
>%[email protected];$K,*[email protected],#@E$R;$a;$lZE$f$4)JE$Y$-+$LY$/##-
INTERIOR
A<?!B;BA=!<$AFC<
FURNITURE
FLOORING
C<XQ=7$
=<EGiGEMMLYfm
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
F1*.$;3+1#*).37$
>G>EGiGEMMMYam$$$$$$$$
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
A+&*+16(+$;+1#*).3$=2.Y+&(6+7$
GVEF7bGiGEmLaaea$$
U+.EW43%5*#
FLOORING
!Do!V=D
7#@,42$-+$G+%36#
Zi=KIU\$pV<JI!n
F%,3*'$W,//,14*-
S#%[email protected]$3#6,6-%.1#[email protected]#1%'$,.$p4%*#%$-,25#36$,6$&%3,%5*#;$54-$-"#$2%-#3,%*$
,6$8#.#3%**'$4.64,-%5*#$/+3$46#[email protected]#3$)3+*+.8#@$2+,[email protected],-,+.6$4.*#66$,-$,6$
)3+-#1-,&#*'$1+%-#@?$
>,2,*%3$-+$-"#$</3,1%.$6)#1,#6$I3+B+$9I80/-/*8/-'($:.$0)':$,.$2#1"%.,1%*$%[email protected]$
)"'6,1%*$)3+)#3-,#6?$I6$%$"%[email protected]$%[email protected][email protected]%5*#[email protected]?$I-$,6$64,-%5*#$/[email protected]#1+3%-,&#$
&#.##3;$/*++3,.8;$-43.#3';[email protected]#1B,.8;$8%[email protected]#.$/43.,-43#;$#(-#3,+3$1+.6-341-,+.$%[email protected]$
3%,*0%'$6*##)#36;$$,-$"%[email protected]$2%1",.,.8$%[email protected]$/,.,6",.8$H4%*,-,#6?
7i=D$IUFi=7<!IiU
GARDEN
FURNITURE
C<XQ=7$
F>GEGMLMLLm
)")[email protected]%*#%tRM)%3%#.6,6
27
F1*.$;3+1#*).37$
F>GEGMMReYL$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
A+&*+16(+$;+1#*).3$=2.Y+&(6+7$$
F>GEGMMfYlY$
II;JK;!G$F;;BA<@
K;!GND#1,S$K;!GNU+3(9(.$
555O-')&O0.&/.O+1-J.%+,)P-')&J6+&).6)*J
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
FLOORING
ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
TATAJUBA (Bagassa guianensis)
;<=!>?<@
! WI>!=INV!IiU
n#**+0$-43.,.8$'#**[email protected]%3B$53+0.$0,-"$%8#
WDU>I!n$K8b2a
emf
>IJIG<$GiU!DU!
S,8"$
VENEER
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
GARDEN
FURNITURE
WINDOW
FRAMES
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
DECKING
DECKING
FLOORING
VENEER
GARDEN
VENEER
FURNITURE
INTERIOR
RAILWAY
FURNITURE
SLEEPERS
F1*.$;3+1#*).37$
[email protected]+2#6-,1:$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
GARDEN
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
U(+2./#1.*7$
FURNITURE
F+3#6-$)[email protected][email protected],6-3,54-+3$b$,2)+3-#3$$$$$$$$$$
RAILWAY
FLOORING
SLEEPERS
>+4-"$<2#3,1%
SD<=!ZiiW$GiJiV=
GARDEN
FURNITURE
INTERIOR
A<?!B;BA=!<$AFC<
FURNITURE
7ijD7DU!$IU$>D=jIGD
D(1#**#.-$6-%5,*,-'$E$62%**$2+&#2#.-
`<UKIWD$S<=WUD>>
IU$9JN>?$iF$Fi=GD:
LeaM$0"#.$W3'
FLOORING
F1*.$;3+1#*).37$
>G>EGiGEMMMYam
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
FLOORING
U(+2./#1.*7$
>ZEGiGEMMflfR
WV=<NIJI!n
W43%5*#
FLOORING
!Do!V=D
7#@,42
Zi=KIU\$pV<JI!n
F%,3*'$D%6'
7i=D$IUFi=7<!IiU
>456-,-4-#$,.$)*'[email protected]$)[email protected],+.$/+3$J,8"-$&,3+*%$9J#-/0'()3-#&'9$&)#):;$
DB+)$9A$%-'5$-0#&#'(%359'&#'&'(K(A+(5#G/0#/0'%'$:;$N3+0.$-#32,.%*,%$
9A$-9#&'0#'(5-'))##:;[email protected]+-,$9C/95':(5-$>#.3)*$:?$$!"#$6)#1,#6$,6$
1+.6,@#3%5*'$6-3+.8#3$-"%.$Z",-#$+%B$9B3$-.3)('05':$+3$!#%B$9A$.%/&'(
6-'&<#):?$I-$,6$"%[email protected]$E$"%[email protected]#3$-"%.$!#%B?$$\#.#3%*$/,.,6",.8$H4%*,-,#6$%3#$
3%-#@$%[email protected]?$$I.$83##[email protected],-,+.;$,-$,6$64)#3,+3$,.$)3+)#3-,#6$-+$Z",-#$
i%B?$7#1"%.,1%*$)3+)#3-,#6$,.$-"#[email protected]'[email protected],-,+.$%3#$1+2)%3%5*#$-+$
>"%85%3B$",1B+3'$9I'-2'(/>'%':?
F1*.$;3+1#*).37$
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II;JK;!G$F;;BA<@
K;!GNA+3+2%(.]$<^,./+1]$D.&.2.$T$V#&#Y,#3.]$G+1)"#1&$
=2.Y+&$.&/$A"+6_$C.1(L&]$K;!GNK#12.&R
555O-')&O0.&/.O+1-J.%+,)P-')&J6+&).6)*J
"--)cbb-3+),(?1,3%@?/3b%2#3,1%b!<!<`VN<?)@/
28
ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
VENEER
GARDEN
FURNITURE
;<=!>?<@
! WI>!=INV!IiU
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
FLOORING
G#.-3%*$]$>+4-"$<2#3,1%
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
SD<=!ZiiW$GiJiV=
!"#$"#%[email protected]$,6$'#**+0,6"[email protected]%3B$3#@@,6"$53+0.$,.$1+*+43;$
464%**'$0,-"$6-3,)#6$+/$%$*,8"-#3$1+*+43?
WDU>I!n$K8b2a
mQe
>IJIG<$GiU!DU!
U+-$B.+0.
7ijD7DU!$IU$>D=jIGD
[email protected]#3%-#[email protected],2#.6,+.%*$6-%5,*,-'$]$#(",5,-6$2#@,42$2+&#2#.-$%/-#3$
2%.4/%1-43#
`<UKIWD$S<=WUD>>
IU$9JN>?$iF$Fi=GD:
ReMM$0"#.$W3'
U(+2./#1.*7$
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
A<?!B;BA=!<$AFC<
FLOORING
U(+2./#1.*7$
>ZEGiGEMMflfR
WV=<NIJI!n
W43%5*#$E$3%-#@$%6$&#3'$3#6,6-%.-$-+$/4.846$%[email protected]$,.6#1-$%--%1B
!Do!V=D
G+%36#
Zi=KIU\$pV<JI!n
D%6'
\#.#3%*$/,.,6",.8$H4%*,-,#6$%3#$3%-#@$%[email protected]?$$N*%1B$G%55%8#$N%3B$,6$%$
)+-#.-,%*$6456-,-4-#$/+3$%))*,1%-,+.6$0"#3#$%[email protected]%3BE3#@@,6"[email protected];$641"$%6$
7%"+8%.'$9>"#$%$&#'()**+:$,6$3#H4,3#@?$$!"#[email protected]$-%B#6$/,.,6"#6$0#**;$
#(1#)-$)+*'43#-"%.#?$F,.,6",.8$,6$3#)+3-#@$-+$",8"*,8"-$,33#84*%3,-,#6$,.$
-"#$83%,.$-+$2%B#$-"#$.+32%**'[email protected]**[email protected]$3%-"#3$%--3%1-,&#?
U(+2./#1.*7$
F>GEGLMfQfY
II;JK;!G$F;;BA<@
7i=D$IUFi=7<!IiU
)")[email protected]+.1"+1%3)46tRM1%6-,**+,
29
K;!GNA+3+2%(.]$<^,./+1]$D.&.2.$T$V#&#Y,#3.]$G+1)"#1&$
=2.Y+&$.&/$A"+6_$C.1(L&]$K;!GNK#12.&R
555O-')&O0.&/.O+1-J.%+,)P-')&J6+&).6)*J
ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
JATOBA (Erisma uncinatum)
;<=!>?<@
! WI>!=INV!IiU
GARDEN
FURNITURE
ENGINEERING &
CONSTRUCTION DECKING
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
WINDOW
FRAMES
>+4-"$<2#3,1%
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
SD<=!ZiiW$GiJiV=
T%*#$),.B$53+0.$-+$)43)*,6"$53+0.$+3$*,8"-$3#@@,6"E53+0.
WDU>I!n$K8b2a
fQR
>IJIG<$GiU!DU!
S,8"$
DECKING
7ijD7DU!$IU$>D=jIGD
`<UKIWD$S<=WUD>>
IU$9JN>?$iF$Fi=GD:
QlM$0"#.$W3'
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
F1*.$;3+1#*).37$
>G>EGiGEMMMYam$$$$$$$
WV=<NIJI!n
!Do!V=D
7#@,42$-+$1+%36#
Zi=KIU\$pV<JI!n
\[email protected]
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
FLOORING
F1*.$;3+1#*).37$
F>GEGMMReYL$$$$$$
!"#$-,25#3$,6$3#)+3-#@$-+$5#$6,2,*%3$,.$)3+)#3-,#6$-+$7#3%.-,$9!8/-$'()**+:
II;JK;!G$F;;BA<@
7i=D$IUFi=7<!IiU
)")[email protected],62%tRM4.1,.%-42
30
GARDEN
FURNITURE
F1*.$;3+1#*).37$
[email protected]+2#6-,1:$$$$$$$$
INTERIOR
VENEER
FURNITURE
FLOORING
GARDEN
A<?!B;BA=!<$AFC<
FURNITURE
F%,3$-+$\[email protected]$>-%5,*,-'$E$7#@,42$7+&#2#.-$
VENEER
K;!GNU+3(9(.
555O-')&O0.&/.O+1-J.%+,)P-')&J6+&).6)*J
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
FLOORING
ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
BERANGAN (Castanopsis acuminatissima)
;<=!>?<@
! WI>!=INV!IiU
SD<=!ZiiW$GiJiV=
@.%."$;+1#*)1R$C#0.1)2#&)7$
J+86$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
=#@@,6"$53+0.$-+$)%*#$53+0.
fLR
>IJIG<$GiU!DU!
U+-$B.+0.
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
DECKING
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
FLOORING
VENEER
>+4-"ED%6-$<6,%
WDU>I!n$K8b2a
GARDEN
FURNITURE
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
INTERIOR
ZXDXX![7$
FURNITURE
>%0.$-,25#3;$/43.,-43#;[email protected]++3
FLOORING
A<?!B;BA=!<$AFC<
7ijD7DU!$IU$>D=jIGD
D(1#**#.-$6-%5,*,-'$E$62%**$2+&#2#.-
`<UKIWD$S<=WUD>>
IU$9JN>?$iF$Fi=GD:
mmM$0"#.$W3'
FLOORING
ZXDXX![7$
>G>EF7bGiGEMMLMmU
j#3'$W43%5*#
G+%36#
Zi=KIU\$pV<JI!n
D%6'
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
@.%."$;+1#*)1R$C#0.1)2#&)7$
>G>EF7bGiGEMMLaYU$$b$>G>EF7bGiGEMMLlLU$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
WV=<NIJI!n
!Do!V=D
GARDEN
FURNITURE
@.%."$;+1#*)1R$C#0.1)2#&)7$$
F>GEGLMRaYM$b$$F>GEGLMRlRM$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
!",6$6)#1,#6$,6$%$-34#$+%B;$%[email protected]$,6$1*+6#*'$3#*%-#@$-+$6)#1,#6$,.$-"#$8#.46$
p4#3146$+/$-"#$.+3-"#3.$"#2,6)"#3#?$$!"#[email protected]$3#6,[email protected]#.-,.8$%[email protected]$2%33,.8$
%5+4-$%6$0#**$%6$Z",-#$+%B$9B3$-.3)('05':$+3$5,31"$9C$%30'()**+:$%[email protected]$"%6$%$
",8"[email protected]#.6,-'?$$7%($"%3&#6-$/3+2$J%+6$/+3#6-6$/+3$.#(-$f$'#%36c$aR;QLY$2a$GZ$
]$afM$2a$F>G?
ZXDXX![7$
F>GEGMLMaaa
II;JK;!G$F;;BA<@
7i=D$IUFi=7<!IiU
)")[email protected]%6-%.+)6,6tRM%142,.%-,66,2%
31
K;!GNQ.3.R*(.
555O-')&O0.&/.O+1-J.%+,)P-')&J6+&).6)*J
ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
NARGUSTA (Terminalia amazonica)
;<=!>?<@
! WI>!=INV!IiU
GARDEN
FURNITURE
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
DECKING
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
FLOORING
VENEER
G#.-3%*$]$>+4-"$<2#3,1%
K1##&$K+3/$;+1#*)1R7$
RAILWAY
>%[email protected]$]$*+86$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
SLEEPERS
SD<=!ZiiW$GiJiV=
j%3,#8%-#@$'#**+0E53+0.$-+$+*,&#E53+0.$1+*+43;$+11%6,+.%**'$0,-"$1*#%3$
3#@@,6"$6-3,)#6$+3$6-3#%B6
A+&*+16(+$;+1#*).3$=2.Y_&(6+7$$
>%[email protected]
WDU>I!n$K8b2a
eYQ
<AFE<KGF7$$
W#1B,.8;[email protected]$/#.1#6;$-+2%-+$6-,1B;$6*##)#36$$$$
FLOORING
>IJIG<$GiU!DU!
U+-$B.+0.
7ijD7DU!$IU$>D=jIGD
@,2#.6,+.%*$6-%5,*,-'
`<UKIWD$S<=WUD>>
IU$9JN>?$iF$Fi=GD:
L;YLM$-+$R;LMM$0"#[email protected]'
A+&*+16(+$;+1#*).3$=2.Y_&(6+7$$
GVEF7bGiGEmLaaea$
<AFE<KGF7$
>ZEGiGEMMlMQm$b$>ZEGiGEMMlRQa$b$>ZEF7bGiGEMMlfma$
W43%5*#
V+&$W,2%+3/)$;+1#*)7$
>ZEF7bGiGEMMfeLa$$$
Zi=KIU\$pV<JI!n
[email protected]#3%-#
K1##&$K+3/$;+1#*)1R7$
F>GEGLMlRfa$b$F>GEGLMaYmm$
A+&*+16(+$;+1#*).3$=2.Y_&(6+7$$$
F>GEGMMfYlY$
7i=D$IUFi=7<!IiU
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
K1##&$K+3/$;+1#*)1R7$
>ZEF7bGiGEMMfleY$b$GVEGiGEmLlmlQ$$
WV=<NIJI!n
7#@,42
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
V+&$W,2%+3/)$;+1#*)7$
J+86$]$6%[email protected]$
A<?!B;BA=!<$AFC<
!Do!V=D
GARDEN
FURNITURE
U%3846-%$,6$3#)+3-#@$-+$"%&#$2#@,42$6-3#.8-"$)3+)#3-,#6$,.$5#[email protected],.8;$
1346",.8;$%[email protected]$3#6,6-%.1#$-+$6"+1B$*+%@6?$I-$,6$*+0$,.$6-,//.#66?$I-$,6$/%,3*'$
"%[email protected];$"#%&';$%[email protected]$"%6$",8"[email protected]#.6,-'?$$>)#1,#6$6"+4*@$)3#/#3%5*'$5#$46#@$
[email protected]#3$)3+-#1-,+.$/3+2$-"#$#*#2#.-6$6,.1#$,-$"%6$*,--*#$+3$.+$3#6,6-%.1#$
-+$-"#[email protected]#6-341-,&#$#//#1-6$+/$-"#$0#%-"#3?$\#.#3%*$/,.,6",.8$H4%*,-,#6$%3#$
3%-#@$%[email protected]?$I-$,6$0,@#6)3#%@$-"3+48"+4-$G#.-3%*$%[email protected]$.+3-"#3.$>+4-"$
<2#3,1%?
)")[email protected]!#32,.%*,%tRM%2%C+.,1%
32
<AFE<KGF7$$
F>GEGMMQflQ$b$F>GEGMMQflQ$b$F>GEGMLeQaM$$
V+&$W,2%+3/)$;+1#*)7$
F>GEGLMYYlM$
II;JK;!G$F;;BA<@
K;!GNU+3(9(.S$K;!GND#1,
555O-')&O0.&/.O+1-J.%+,)P-')&J6+&).6)*J
FLOORING
ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
KONDROTI (Bombax brevicuspe)
;<=!>?<@
! WI>!=INV!IiU
GARDEN
FURNITURE
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
DECKING
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
FLOORING
VENEER
G#.-3%*;$Z#6-$]$D%6-$</3,1%
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
SD<=!ZiiW$GiJiV=
T%*#$3#@@,6"$53+0.$,.$1+*+43;$6+2#-,2#6$0,-"[email protected]%3B#3$2%3B,.86
WDU>I!n$K8b2a
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>IJIG<$GiU!DU!
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,-6$)*%1#$0#**$,.$46#?
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Zi=KIU\$pV<JI!n
D%6'
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F>GEGMMQLQR$b$F>GEGMQRmRQ$b$F>GEGMLRemR$b$F>GEGMlLLQe
!"#[email protected]$,6$",8"*'$%56+35#.-;$0",1"$1+2)#.6%-#6$/+3$,-6$*[email protected]%5,*,-'$
6,.1#$,-$,6$&#3'$#%6'$-+$-3#%-$0,-"$)3#6#3&%-,&#6?
II;JK;!G$F;;BA<@
7i=D$IUFi=7<!IiU
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
K1+,0#$CL6+39#&.#1#7$
FLOORING
F7bGiGEMMlYRR$$
WV=<NIJI!n
!Do!V=D
GARDEN
FURNITURE
K;!GNA.2#1++&
555O-')&O0.&/.O+1-J.%+,)P-')&J6+&).6)*J
"--)cbb-3+),(?1,3%@?/3b%/3,1%bKiUW=i!I?)@/
33
ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
MORADO (Machaerium scleroxylon)
;<=!>?<@
! WI>!=INV!IiU
ENGINEERING & GARDEN
CONSTRUCTION FURNITURE
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
DECKING
WINDOW
FRAMES
FLOORING
VENEER
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
>+4-"$<2#3,1%
DECKING
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
GARDEN
FURNITURE
SD<=!ZiiW$GiJiV=
W%3B$53+0.$-+$-%.$0,-"$,33#84*%3$5*%1BE)43)*,6"$6-3,)#6?$=#)+3-#@*'$-"#$
[email protected]$"%6$%$6-3+.8$3#6#25*%.1#$-+$N3%C,*,%.$=+6#[email protected]$9W%*5#38,%$.,83%:?
C<XQ=7$
W#1B,.8;$/#.1,.8;$-,*#6;[email protected]++3$/43.,-43#$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
WDU>I!n$K8b2a
mfM
Q.%#)7$
VENEER
W++36;$/*++3,.8$][email protected]#1B,.8$$$
>IJIG<$GiU!DU!
S,8"$
7ijD7DU!$IU$>D=jIGD
@,2#.6,+.%*$6-%5,*,-'
`<UKIWD$S<=WUD>>
IU$9JN>?$iF$Fi=GD:
LemM$0"#.$W3'
GARDEN
A<?!B;BA=!<$AFC<
FURNITURE
C<XQ=7$
=<EGiGEMMLYfm
WV=<NIJI!n
W43%5*#$E$%6$*+.8$%6$.+-$,[email protected],3#1-$1+.-%1-$0,-"[email protected]
!Do!V=D
F,.#
Zi=KIU\$pV<JI!n
W,//,14*-
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
Q.%#)7$$
>ZEGiGEMMLMfe$
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
C<XQ=7$
F>GEGMLMLLm
FLOORING
<$6456-,-4-#$=+6#[email protected]$+/$83#%-$5#%4-';$3#@[email protected]##)$)43)*#$53+0.;$
/,.#$-#(-43#@$%[email protected]$5#%4-,/4**'$2%3B#@;$6"+0,.8$241"$+/$-"#$1"%3%1-#3$+/$
-"#$5#6-$3+6#[email protected]$%[email protected]$64)#35$/+3$1%5,.#[email protected]##@$,-$,6$%*6+$B.+0.$%6$
N+*,&,%.$=+6#[email protected]?
FLOORING
Q.%#)7$$
F>GEGMLfeMe$$$$$
II;JK;!G$F;;BA<@
7i=D$IUFi=7<!IiU
)")[email protected]%1"%#3,42tRM61*#3+('*+.
34
K;!GNU+3(9(.S$K;!GND#1,
555O-')&O0.&/.O+1-J.%+,)P-')&J6+&).6)*J
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
FLOORING
ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
VENEER
CHEREK (Peronema canescens)
GARDEN
FURNITURE
;<=!>?<@
! WI>!=INV!IiU
J,8"-$53+0.
WDU>I!n$K8b2a
fRMEeaM
>IJIG<$GiU!DU!
J+0
DECKING
FLOORING
VENEER
GARDEN
FURNITURE
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
ZXDXX![7$
>%0.$-,25#3;$/43.,-43#;[email protected]++3$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
>+4-"ED%6-$<6,%
SD<=!ZiiW$GiJiV=
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
@.1($U,2($X,*,2.7$$
T*'[email protected];$>%[email protected];$W#1B,.8$]$7+4*@,.86
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
A<?!B;BA=!<$AFC<
7ijD7DU!$IU$>D=jIGD
D(1#**#.-$6-%5,*,-'$E$62%**$2+&#2#.-
`<UKIWD$S<=WUD>>
IU$9JN>?$iF$Fi=GD:
U+-$K.+0.
FLOORING
@.1($U,2($X,*,2.7$
=<EF7bGiGEMMRYlf$b$=<EGiGEMMLYLe
[email protected]#3%-#*'$W43%5*#$E$-3#%-2#.-$3#H4,3#@
7#@,42bF,.#
Zi=KIU\$pV<JI!n
D%6'
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
ZXDXX![7$
>G>EF7bGiGEMMLMmU$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
FLOORING
WV=<NIJI!n
!Do!V=D
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
ZXDXX![7$
F>GEGMLMaaa$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
!"#$-,25#3$&#3'$241"$3#6#25*#6$!#%B$9A$.%/&'(6-'&<#):;$%[email protected]$%6$641";$,-$,6$
+/-#.$3#/#33#@$-+$%6$u0",-#$-#%Bv$,.$-"#$-3%@#?$$!",6$6)#1,#6$,6$+/-#.$46#@$,.$
3#/+3#6-%-,+.$)3+83%26$,.$*+88,.8$1+.1#66,+.6?
@.1($U,2($X,*,2.7$$
F>GEGMRLmeM$b$F>GEGMMLQfY
II;JK;!G$F;;BA<@
7i=D$IUFi=7<!IiU
G+.-%1-$\[email protected]+.#6,%$/+3$2+3#$,./+32%-,+.$+.$-",6$6)#1,#6
35
K;!GNQ.3.R*(.S$K;!GNB&/+&#*(.
555O-')&O0.&/.O+1-J.%+,)P-')&J6+&).6)*J
ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
TCHITOLA (Oxystigma oxyphyllum)
;<=!>?<@
! WI>!=INV!IiU
GARDEN
FURNITURE
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
DECKING
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
FLOORING
VENEER
G#.-3%*$]$Z#6-$</3,1%
SD<=!ZiiW$GiJiV=
N3+0.,6"E),.B$0"#.$/3#6"*'$14-$54-$2%-43#6$-+$%$3#@@,6"E53+0.$1+*+43$4)+.$
#()+643#?$W%3B$842$3,.86$8,&#$-"#[email protected]$%$&#3'$%--3%1-,&#$%))#%3%.1#?$Z#**E
2%3B#@$%[email protected]$6-3,B,.8$5*%1B$%[email protected]$)%*#$'#**+0$6-3,)#6$%3#$%*6+$)3#6#.-
WDU>I!n$K8b2a
YlL
>IJIG<$GiU!DU!
U+-$B.+0.
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
I(M2.7$
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FLOORING
A<?!B;BA=!<$AFC<
7ijD7DU!$IU$>D=jIGD
`<UKIWD$S<=WUD>>
IU$9JN>?$iF$Fi=GD:
LRfM$0"#.$W3'
I(M2.7$
NjEGiGEMeMYMe$$$
G+%36#[email protected]#3%-#*'$F,.#
Zi=KIU\$pV<JI!n
\[email protected]
!",6$6)#1,#6$,6$3#*%-,&#*'$6#143#$0,-",.$,-6$.%-43%*$"%5,-%-$,.$2+6-$%3#%6$,.$
,-6$3%.8#;$,.1*[email protected],.8$G+.8+?$$j#3'$6,2,*%3$-+$`%-+5%$9L29'&'$'(./3-5'-#0:?$
!"#$-,25#3$0+3B6$0#**$,.$)*%.,.8;$-43.,.8;$5+3,.8;$2+4*@,.8;$2+3-,6,.8;$
3+4-,.8;$%[email protected]$+-"#3$2%1",.,.8$+)#3%-,+.6?$!"#$-,25#3$,6$3#)+3-#@$-+$
)#3/+32$)++3*'$0"#.$#()+6#@$-+$%-2+6)"#3,[email protected],-,+.6?
I(M2.7$
F>GEGMLaQeL$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
II;JK;!G$F;;BA<@
7i=D$IUFi=7<!IiU
"--)cbb000?/)*?/6?/#@[email protected]+142.-6b!#1">"##-6bG"[email protected]+//b</3,1%.b
"-2*W+16q%/3,1%bi('6-,82%+(')"'**42?"-2*
36
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
FLOORING
WV=<NIJI!n
!Do!V=D
GARDEN
FURNITURE
K;!GNA.2#1++&
555O-')&O0.&/.O+1-J.%+,)P-')&J6+&).6)*J
ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
SUCUPIRA (Diplotropis purpurea)
ENGINEERING & GARDEN
CONSTRUCTION FURNITURE
VENEER
WINDOW
FRAMES
GARDEN
FURNITURE
;<=!>?<@
! WI>!=INV!IiU
SD<=!ZiiW$GiJiV=
!"#$"#%[email protected]$,6$,.,-,%**'$1"+1+*%-#$53+0.$54-$,-$-43.6$-+$%$*,8"-#3$53+0.$
1+*+43$%/-#3$6#%6+.,.8;$+11%6,+.%**'$83#',6"$53+0.$0,-"$/,.#$*,8"-#3$6-3,)#6?$
!"#$-,25#3$+/-#.$"%6$%$0%('$%))#%3%.1#?
mmL
>IJIG<$GiU!DU!
S,8"$
7ijD7DU!$IU$>D=jIGD
@,2#.6,+.%*$6-%5,*,-'
`<UKIWD$S<=WUD>>
IU$9JN>?$iF$Fi=GD:
RLlM$0"#.$W3'
FLOORING
VENEER
[email protected]+2#6-,1:$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
V+&$W,2%+3/)$;+1#*)7$
GARDEN
J+86$]$6%[email protected]$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
VENEER
FURNITURE
RAILWAY
FLOORING
K1##&$K+3/$;+1#*)1R7$
SLEEPERS
>+*,@[email protected]$96%0.;$1",))#@;$)##*#@:$$
INTERIOR
A<?!B;BA=!<$AFC<
FURNITURE
INTERIOR
V+&$W,2%+3/)$;+1#*)7$
FURNITURE
>ZEF7bGiGEMMfeLa$$
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
K1##&$K+3/$;+1#*)1R7$
>ZEF7bGiGEMMfleY$b$GVEGiGEmLlmlQ
FLOORING
F1*.$;3+1#*).37$
F>GEGMMReYL
FLOORING
V+&$W,2%+3/)$;+1#*)7$
F>GEGLMYYlM
!"#[email protected]$,6$3#)+3-#@$-+$5#$6,2,*%3$-+$-"#$</3,1%.$6)#1,#6;$Z#.8#$97#00$%%#'(
0'3-$&%##:$,.$2%.'$2#1"%.,1%*$)3+)#3-,#6?$I-$,6$3#)+3-#@$-+$5#$64)#3,+3$-+$
",1B+3'$9I'-2'()**+:$%[email protected]$Z",-#$+%B$9B3$-.3)('05':?$$\#.#3%*$/,.,6",.8$
H4%*,-,#6$%3#$3%-#@$%[email protected]?
K1##&$K+3/$;+1#*)1R7$
F>GEGLMlRfa$b$F>GEGLMaYmm$$$
II;JK;!G$F;;BA<@
7i=D$IUFi=7<!IiU
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
F1*.$;3+1#*).37$
>G>EGiGEMMMYam$$
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
Zi=KIU\$pV<JI!n
DECKING
FLOORING
W43%5*#
G+%36#
DECKING
GARDEN
VENEER
FURNITURE
DECKING
INTERIOR
RAILWAY
F1*.$;3+1#*).37$
FURNITURE
SLEEPERS
GARDEN
FURNITURE
WV=<NIJI!n
!Do!V=D
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
>+4-"$<2#3,1%
WDU>I!n$K8b2a
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
WINDOW
FRAMES
"--)cbb-3+),(?1,3%@?/3b%2#3,1%b>VGVTI=<qT=D!<?)@/
37
K;!GND#1,
555O-')&O0.&/.O+1-J.%+,)P-')&J6+&).6)*J
FLOORING
ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
AGUANO MASHA (Machaerium inundatum)
;<=!>?<@
! WI>!=INV!IiU
SD<=!ZiiW$GiJiV=
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
WINDOW
FRAMES
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
DECKING
VENEER
>+4-"$<2#3,1%
FLOORING
V+&$W,2%+3/)$;+1#*)7$
>"%@#6$+/$53+0.;$%4543.$%[email protected]$8+*@
WDU>I!n$K8b2a
W#.6#
>IJIG<$GiU!DU!
U+-$/[email protected]$,.$*,-#3%-43#
A+&*+16(+$;+1#*).3$=2.Y+&(6+7$
>%[email protected];$K,*[email protected],#@E$R;$a;$lZE$f$4)JE$Y$-+$LY$/##-$$
A<?!B;BA=!<$AFC<
7ijD7DU!$IU$>D=jIGD
>-%5*#$
`<UKIWD$S<=WUD>>
IU$9JN>?$iF$Fi=GD:
RRMM$0"#[email protected]'
V+&$W,2%+3/)$;+1#*)7$
>ZEF7bGiGEMMfeLa$
A+&*+16(+$;+1#*).3$=2.Y+&(6+7$
GVEF7bGiGEmLaaea
WV=<NIJI!n
W43%5*#
GARDEN
FURNITURE
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
FLOORING
!Do!V=D
W#*,1%-#
Zi=KIU\$pV<JI!n
\[email protected]
7i=D$IUFi=7<!IiU
<84%.+$2%6"%$,6$%$"#%&'$-')#$+/[email protected];$6"+0,.8$2,@E*,.#%3$6"3,.B%8#$%[email protected]$
5%*%.1#@$&+*42#-3,1$6"3,.B%8#?$7#1"%.,1%*$3#6,6-%.1#$,6$,.$-"#$*,2,-$+/$
2#@,42$%[email protected]$",8"$3%.B6?$!",[email protected]$,[email protected]#3%-#*'[email protected],//,14*-$-+$6%[email protected]#$-+$,-6$
",8"$2#1"%.,1%*$3#6,6-%.1#?$\[email protected]$0+3B%5,*,-';$%))3+)3,%-#$/,.,6"$/+3$-"#$
)[email protected],+.$+/[email protected]#.$/*++3$-,*#6$/+3$#()+3-?$W3',.8$)3+1#66$,6$6-%5*#;$*+0$3,6B$
+/$0%3),.8?$<*543.42$,6$)3+.#$-+$5,+*+8,1%*$%--%1B;$),#1#6$1+.-%,.,.8$6+2#$
+/$,-$246-$5#$)3#6#3&#@?$W43%2#.$,6$3#6,6-%.-;$-"#3#/+3#$),#1#6$2%@#$#.-,3#*'$
+4-$+/$,-$.##@.[-$5#$)3#6#3&#@?$<*6+$B.+0.$%6$T#34&,%.$!#%B?
"--)cbb8/-.?)%[email protected]%?+38b.#[email protected]/3+2ET#34E<EG%-%*+8E+/E
T#346EJ#66#3EK.+0.E!,25#3E>)#1,#6
38
V+&$W,2%+3/)$;+1#*)7$
F>GEGLMYYlM$
A+&*+16(+$;+1#*).3$=2.Y+&(6+7$$
F>GEGMMfYlY
II;JK;!G$F;;BA<@
K;!GND#1,
555O-')&O0.&/.O+1-J.%+,)P-')&J6+&).6)*J
ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
AKOUAPO (SACOGLOTTIS GABONENSIS)
;<=!>?<@
! WI>!=INV!IiU
SD<=!ZiiW$GiJiV=
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
VENEER
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
GARDEN
FURNITURE
VENEER
FLOORING
T43)*#E3#@$+3$2#@,42$53+0.
mYf
>IJIG<$GiU!DU!
DECKING
G#.-3%*$]$Z#6-$</3,1%
WDU>I!n$K8b2a
WINDOW
FRAMES
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
$
I(M2.7$$
>%[email protected]$$$$$
GARDEN
FURNITURE
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
A<?!B;BA=!<$AFC<
7ijD7DU!$IU$>D=jIGD
F%,3*'$6-%5*#$
`<UKIWD$S<=WUD>>
IU$9JN>?$iF$Fi=GD:
RRfM$0"#[email protected]'
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
FLOORING
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
I(M2.7$
NjEGiGEMeMYMe
WV=<NIJI!n
U%-43%**'$3#6,6-%[email protected]#1%';$%[email protected]$,6$.+-$6461#)-,5*#$-+$%--%1B$5'$,.6#1-6
FLOORING
!Do!V=D
F,.#$%[email protected]$D&#.
Zi=KIU\$pV<JI!n
D%6'
I(M2.7$
F>GEGMLaQeL
!"#$6)#1,#6$,6$1+.6,@#3%5*'$6-3+.8#3$-"%.$Z",-#$+%B$9B3$-.3)()**?:$+3$!#%B$
9A$.%/&'(6-'&<#):?$$$!"#$-,25#3$"%6$#(1#**#.-$0#%-"#3,.8$)3+)#3-,#6;$%[email protected]$,6$
0#**$64,-#@$/+3$46#$,.$#(-#3,+3$%))*,1%-,+.6?
II;JK;!G$F;;BA<@
7i=D$IUFi=7<!IiU
K;!GNA.2#1++&
555O-')&O0.&/.O+1-J.%+,)P-')&J6+&).6)*J
"--)cbb-3+),(?1,3%@?/3b%/3,1%bikiV\<?)@/
39
ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
AMARELINNO (APULEIA LEIOCARPA/ MOLLARIS)
;<=!>?<@
! WI>!=INV!IiU
SD<=!ZiiW$GiJiV=
VENEER
ENGINEERING & WINDOW
CONSTRUCTION FRAMES
GARDEN
FURNITURE
WINDOW
FRAMES
VENEER
>+4-"$<2#3,1%
K1##&$K+3/$;+1#*)1R7$>%[email protected]$]$*+86
INTERIOR
Q./#1#1.$?(+$=61#7$>%[email protected]$
J#2+.$'#**+0$5#1+2,.8$*,8"-$53+0.$0,-"$%8#
FURNITURE
DECKING
Q.19#*.7$S%[email protected][email protected]$/*++3,.8$][email protected]#1B,.8$
WDU>I!n$K8b2a
DECKING
C<XQ=7$$W#1B,.8;$/#.1,.8;$-,*#6;[email protected]++3$/43.,-43#
VENEER
mmL
GARDEN
FURNITURE
RAILWAY
V+&$W,2%+3/)$;+1#*)7$J+86$]$6%[email protected]$$
SLEEPERS
>IJIG<$GiU!DU!
S,8"
A<?!B;BA=!<$AFC<
7ijD7DU!$IU$>D=jIGD
GARDEN
FURNITURE
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
FLOORING
K1##&$K+3/$;+1#*)1R7$>ZEF7bGiGEMMfleY$b$GVEGiGEmLlmlQ
`<UKIWD$S<=WUD>>
IU$9JN>?$iF$Fi=GD:
LYYM$0"#[email protected]'
Q./#1#1.$?(+$=61#7$>ZEF7bGiGEMMRLeY$b$>ZEGiGEMMRLmQ
RAILWAY
Q.19#*.7$>ZEGiGEMMlRRQ
SLEEPERS
INTERIOR
WV=<NIJI!n
C<XQ=7$=<EGiGEMMLYfm$$$$$
W43%5*#$
FURNITURE
V+&$W,2%+3/)$;+1#*)7$>ZEF7bGiGEMMfeLa$$$
FLOORING
!Do!V=D
F,.#b$7#@,42
Zi=KIU\$pV<JI!n
D%6'
;@A$EBA<[email protected]<$H RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
K1##&$K+3/$;+1#*)1R7$F>GEGLMlRfa$b$F>GEGLMaYmm$
Q./#1#1.$?(+$=61#7$F>GEGMLeMfM$b$F>GEGMMaRQM$
Q.19#*.7$F>GEGMLMMeL
U%-43%**'$3#6,6-%.-$-+$3+-;[email protected]#1%'$%[email protected]$,.6#1-$%--%1B?$<2%3#*,..+$,6$.%-43%**'$
613%-1"$3#6,6-%.-$0",1"$%**+06$-"#$643/%1#$-+$3#2%,.$62++-"$/+3$2%.'$'#%36?$
<*6+$"%6$%$G*%66$<$/,3#$3%-,.8?$<$)+-#.-,%*$6456-,-4-#$/+3$Z#.8#$97#00$%%#'(
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C<XQ=7$$F>GEGMLMLLm$$$$
V+&$W,2%+3/)$;+1#*)7$F>GEGLMYYlM
II;JK;!G$F;;BA<@
7i=D$IUFi=7<!IiU
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"--)cbb-3+),(?1,3%@?/3b%2#3,1%b\<=<T<?)@/
40
ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
ANGELIM RAJADO (MARMAROXYLON RACEMOSUM)
;<=!>?<@
! WI>!=INV!IiU
GARDEN
FURNITURE
VENEER
DECKING
WINDOW
FRAMES
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
GARDEN
FURNITURE
VENEER
DECKING
>+4-"$<2#3,1%
SD<=!ZiiW$GiJiV=
J,8"-$'#**+0,6"$+3$+3%.8#$53+0.;$0,-"$1+.6),14+46$,33#84*%3$)43)*,6"$
53+0.$6-3#%B6;$%[email protected]$6-3,),.8
WDU>I!n$K8b2a
Qee
>IJIG<$GiU!DU!
F%,3$-+$\[email protected]
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
GARDEN
FURNITURE
F1*.$;3+1#*).37$
GARDEN
[email protected]+2#6-,1:$$
FURNITURE
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ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
TAMARINDO (DIALIUM GUIANENSE)
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50
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ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
TRAM MOC/JAMBUL (SYZYGIUM CUMINII)
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51
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ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
WALLABA (EPERUA FALCATA)
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52
ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
ZAPATERO (HYERONIMA ALCHORNEOIDES)
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FURNITURE
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VENEER
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ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
ASIAN WALNUT (TERMINALIA TORMENTOSA)
;<=!>?<@
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GARDEN
FURNITURE
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54
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ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
AYAN (DISTEMONANTHUS BENTHAMIANU)
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55
ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
BANG-LANG (LAGERSTROEMIA TORMENTOSA)
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BONGO (FAGARA HEITZII)
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61
ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
GEGATAL (SCHIMA NORONHAE/ CRENATA)
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VENEER
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ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
KOFRAMIRE (PTELEOPSIS HYLODENDRON)
GARDEN
FURNITURE
VENEER
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SLEEPERS
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64
ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
KO’ NIA/BUSH MANGO (IRVINGIA MALAYANA)
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KULIM (SCORODOCARPUS BORNEENSIS)
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67
GARDEN
FURNITURE
ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
THONG NANG (PODOCARPUS IMBRICATUS)
INTERIOR
FURNITURE
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UTUCURO (SEPTHOTECA TESSMANNII)
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71
GARDEN
FURNITURE
ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
ARAPARI
(MACROLOBIUM ACACIAEFOLIUM)
INTERIOR
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GARDEN
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BAMBULO
(PTEROCARPUS OFFICINALIS)
INTERIOR
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ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
HURA
(HURA CREPITANS)
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74
RAILWAY
SLEEPERS
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ALTERNATIVE SPECIES
HIGUERILLA NEGRA
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INTERIOR
FURNITURE
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JACARANDA
(JACARANDA COPAIA)
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89

a guide to lesser known tropical timber species

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