bandung metropolitan area

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT POLICY FOR
BANDUNG METROPOLI TAN AREA
Mr. Rudi Mahmud Z, MSP , MT
OUTLINE
•
•
•
•
BACKGROUND
DESCRIPTION OF BMA
STRATEGIC ISSUES OF BMA
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
POLICY IN BANDUNG CITY
1
BACKGROUND
consequences
Based on Gov’t Regulation No.26/2008 Bandung
M etropolitan Area (BMA) is :
– National Activity Center (Pusat Kegiatan Nasional)
– National Strategic Area (Kawasan Strategis
Nasional)
• BMA has a significant role as :
• national center of activities
• Regional and national scale economic
growth pole
• Provision of
regional
infrastructure
• Spatial Planning
THE PROFILE OF
BANDUNG METROPOLITAN AREA
2
Bandung Metropolitan Area
Total Area 343.267 Ha, consist of :
• Bandung City (16.729,65 Ha)
• Cimahi City (4.023 Ha)
• Bandung and West Bandung Regency
(307.389 Ha)
• Part of Sumedang Regency (15.486 Ha)
Demography
W ADUK CIR A TA
‰ Total Population 6.893.009
people
‰ Density 20 people/hectare
‰ Population Growth 2,86%
CIK ALON G WETAN
G. T angku banP ar ahu
$
%
CI PEUN DE UY
%
%
.S Cib e ur eu m
CI SAR UA
%
%
LEM BAN G
PAR ON GPO NG
C IPA TAT
%
%
k ap u nd u n g
S . Ci
NG AMPR AH
%
%
PAD ALARA NG
SUK ASA RI
%
%
CI ME NYA N
KOTA CIM AHI
%
C ILEN GK RANG
%
B ATUJAJA R
% TAN JUNG SAR I
KOTA BANDUNG
CI LEUN YI
RO NGG A
W ADUK SA GULI %NG
%
CI PO NG KOR
JATI NANG OR
%
%
%
KABUPATEN SUMEDANG
% CIM ANG GU NG
M ARG AASI H
M ARG AHA YU
D AYEU HKO LOT
C ILI LIN
%
%
G. K e
rn c
%
S ORE ANG
CI CALEN GKA
%
KA TAPAN G
%
P AME UNG PEU K
%
S.
i ta
C
%
ru m
SOL OKAN JER UK
%
BALEEN DA H
%
%
%
%
MAJALA YA
ARJAS ARI
de y
NAG REG
$
IB UN
%
%
ik
% PASE H
G. Man dala wang i
%
Ciw i
S.
it ar
%
%
BANJA RAN
%
S .C
CI KANC UNG
CIP ARA Y
%
G UNU NG HALU
SN
I D ANG KER TA
$
k
S . Cita r i
RAN CAE KEK
B OJON GS OANG
%
CI MAU NG
KABUPATENB ANDUNG
%
PAS IRJA MB U
CI WI DEY
%
Hu l
u
PACE T
Band ung City
Pop ulation
(p eop le)
%
4,37
13
2,80
Cimahi City
424.932
105
1,74
Tanjungsari
58.472
16
2,25
Cimanggu ng
64.060
16
3,00
Jatinangor
84.846
32
3,00
6.893.009
20
2,86
ta rum
.C i
S
Pop .Growth
(%)
139
Total
2.333.124
RAN CABA LI
Pop .
Density
(p eop le/Ha)
3.927.575
Bandung & West
Bandung Regency
S .Ci sa n gk u y
Band ung
Metrop olitan
Area
%
PAN GAL ENG AN
%
$
KERTA SAR I
G . P atu ha
G. Ma a
l ba r
$
3
G. a
T n g ku b a
n Pa r a
hu
$
I KL
C
A ON G WE A
TN
%
The Growth of Built Up Area
in BMA
1994
Cipeu nde uy
W ADUKCI RATA
C IP E U N D
E UY
%
%
I SR
C
A UA
%
Padalar an g
G A MP R A
N
H
%
%
PAD
AL AR
A NG
%
SU
KASAR
I
%
Jatin an gor
C IL E
N GK R A
NG
%
%
BanduKOTA
ngBAN-Cim
ahi
DUN G
CI L
E UNY
I
Cililin
%
%
I ME
C
NY A N
KOTA CI MA HI
A T U JA JA R
B
CP
I ON GK
OR
E MB A
L
NG
%
%
RO
N GGA
%
Lem ban g
PA
R ON GP ON
G
I PT
C
AAT
%
W ADUKSAG L
UI NG
I IL IL N
C
TN
A J UN
GS A R I
J AT
I NA
N GOR
%
%
KAB UPATE NSU MED ANG
%
MA R
G A A IS H
%
MA R
GA H A Y
U
%
%
%
C IC A L E
N GK A
P A ME U
N GP E U K
%
BAL E NDAH
Sor eang
C IK A N
CUNG
%
%
%
Majala
ya
%
%
MA
J AL
AYA
RJ A
A
S A RI
BAN
J A RA
N
%
%
PA
SEH
G. Ma
ndaa
l w
angi
$
%
I U
BN
KABU PATEN BAN DUNG
C IMA U N G
PAS
I R JA MB U
N A GR
EG
%
%
S IN D A N
GK E R T
A
I WID E Y
C
%
C IP A R
AY
%
GU N
U N GH A L
U
%
S OL OK
A NJ E R
UK
Banjar an
%
$
RA N
CA E K
EK
OJ ON
B
GSOANG
%
KA
T APN
AG
G. Kre n c e
ng
%
%
S OR E
A NG
C IMA N GGU N
G
Rancae kek
DA Y E
U H K OL
OT
2004
%
%
P A CE
T
RA NCA
BAL I
%
%
Pangale ng an
PA
N GA L E
N GA N
%
$
E RT A
K
S A RI
G. Pa tu h a
G. Ma a
lb a r
$
WADUK CI RA
TA
C IK A
L O N G WE A
TN
2001
G. T n
a g ku b a
n P a ra h u
$
%
Cipeu nde uy
C IP E
UNDE
UY
%
%
C IS A
RUA
%
%
E MB N
L
AG
I A
C
PTAT
PA
R ON GP
ON G
%
%
Padalar an g Lem ban g
N G A MP
RAH
%
%
SUK
A S A IR
PADA
L AR
ANG
%
%
C IM E N Y A
N
KO TAC IMA HI
%
C IL E
N GK R A
NG
%
BA
T U JA JA R
%
A N JU N G S
T
ARI
KOTA BAND UNG
gor
Bandu ng -Cim ahi Jatin an
KABU PATENS UMEDA NG
C IL E U
NYI
RO
N GGA
C IP O G
N K OR
%
W ADUK SAGUL ING
%
MA R
GA H Y
AU
C IL IL N
%
%
%
PAE
MU N G
PEUK
I A
C
CL E
N GK A
C IP A R A
Y
%
Sor eang
%
C IK A
NCUN
G
NA
GR E G
%
%
%
%
%
Majala ya
PA
SEH
AJ L
M
AAY
A
BA
NJ AR
AN
A R JA S A IR
G.Ma n d a
l wa n
gi
$
%
%
%
IB U N
C IM A U N
G
%
%
%
AL
B
E E ND
AH
Banjar an
GU N U
N GH A L
U
. K re n ce n g
G
Rancae kek
S OO
L KANE
J RU
K
%
KAT
APN
AG
$
RANC
AEE
KK
OJ N
B
O GS OA
NG
%
S OR E
ANG
I MN
C
A GGU N
G
%
DA
YEUH
K OO
LT
%
%
%
%
MA R G
AASH
I
%
Cililin
I D
S
N A N GK
ERT
A
JA T N
I A
N GOR
%
KABU PATEN BANDU NG
%
PASR
I JA M B
U
I WID E
C
Y
%
ACE
P
T
ANCA
R
BAL
I
%
%
PA
N GA L
E N GA
N
Pangale ng an
%
$
KERT
ASA
RI
G. P a tu h
a
G. Ma a
l b
ar
$
ECONOMY
Regional Trading of Bandung Metropolitan Area
(Flow of goods from Bandung Metropolitan Area)
DKI 5,3 %
Banten
4,76 %
Jatim
40,4 %
Jabar
34,57 %
Jateng
9,59 %
Jogja
0,71 %
3,53 %
34,57 %
40,4 %
4
ENVIRONMENT
Subang
Location of
Industries
IPAL terpadu
: Very Poor (DO < 2 ppm)
Sumeda ng
: Poor (2<DO<3 ppm)
Batujajar Cimahi
: Good (DO>3 ppm)
UjungBerung
Dayeuhkolot
Rancaekek
Cianjur
Majalaya
Banjaran
Gn Waya ng
Garut
BANDUNG METROPOLITAN AREA
REGIONAL INFRAS TRUCTURE
W ADUK CI RAT A
G. Tan gkub an Parah u
CI KALO NG W ETAN
$
%
CI PEU%ND EU Y
%
S . Cib eu r eu m
CI SARU A
%
%
LE MBA NG
C IP ATAT
PA RON GP ON G
%
%
S . Cik a pu
n du n g
NGA MP RAH
%
PAD ALAR AN G
%
SU KAS ARI
%
%
CI M ENY AN
KOTA C M
I AHI
%
CI LEN GK RAN G
BAT UJAJA R
%
% TA NJU NG SAR I
KOTA BAN DUNG
CI LEU NY I
CI PO NG KO R
%
% CI M ANG GU NG
M AR GA ASI H
%
%
JAT N
I A NG OR
%
%
W ADUK SAGUL I NG
RO NG GA
M ARG AH AYU
C ILI LIN
%
DA YEU HKO LOT
%
%
%
K ATA PANG
%
PAM EU NG PEU K
%
S
a
. Cit
CI CA LENG KA
SO LO KAN JER UK
ru m
%
%
BA LEEN DA H
%
%
MA JALA YA
ARJAS AR I
BAN JAR AN
%
%
id e y
. Ciw
ta ri k
NAG RE G
% PA SEH
G. Ma nda a
l w ang i
$
IBU N
%
%
S
%
%
%
%
S
i
. C
CIK ANC UN G
C IPA RA Y
%
G UN UNG H ALU
SIN DAN G KER TA
G. K renc eng
k
S . Cit ar i
RAN CA EKE K
BOJON GS OA NG
%
SOR EA NG
W astewater Treatment
Facilit y :
• IPAL Bojongsoang, the
capacit y is 80.835
m2/day, served people
of Bandung City and
Bandung Regency.
KABUPA TEN S•
UMEDAN
G
IPLT
Cibeet, the
capacit
y is 25 m 2/day,
$
served part p art of
Bandung Regency.
CI MA UNG
KABUPA TEN B ANDU NG
P ASI RJAM BU
%
CI WID EY
%
S.
k uy
RA NCA BAL I
Cita
. Ci san g
S
ru m
Hul
u
PACE T
%
%
PA NGA LEN GA N
Total flood risk are a in BMA ar e 14.480 ha
Regional Dr aina ge System has not been
$
established
%
K ERT ASAR I
G. P at uha
G. Mal aba r
$
Waste Disposal Level of Services
:
–Bandung Regency 23%
–Bandung City 60%
–Sumedang Regency 96%
5
STRATEGIC ISSUES OF
BANDUNG METROPOLITAN AREA
REGIONAL ISSUES OF BMA
• GROWTH OF URBAN POPULATION
•FAST GROWING NEEDS OF URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE
•DEGRADATION OF EN VIRON MENT QUALITY
•LAND CONVERSION INTO BUILT UP AREA
LIMITED CARRYING CAPACITY
6
ENVIRONMENT AL PROGRAM IN
BANDUNG METROPOLITAN AREA
Bandung City
W est Jav a
Prov ince
7
Kabupaten Garut
0
Kota Bogor
Regency/City
39
22
Kota Banjar
86
Kabupaten Kuningan
72
Kota Cirebon
37
Kabupaten Indramayu
Kabupaten Maja lengka
85 27 64
Kabupaten Ciamis
43
Kabupaten Cirebon
49 62
Kabupaten Tasikmala ya
Kota Tasikmala ya
45
Kota Sukabumi
Kabupaten Cianjur
96 67 86 84
Kabupaten Sukabumi
78
Kabupaten Karawang
67
Kota Bekasi
4,000
Kota Depok
3,000
Kabupaten Bekasi
37
Kabupaten Bogor
Kabupaten Purwakarta
Kabupaten Subang
1,000
Kota Cimahi
2,000
Kabupaten Sumedang
5,000
Kota Bandung
6,000
Kabupaten Bandung
Volume (m3/day)
Bandung City
Foto: Otto Sumarwoto
Current Condition
Waste Volume & Level of Services in West Java
8,000
7,000
23
60
45
Waste Volu me
Level Of Service
13
28
19
8
Current Condition
The type of formal institution SWM in West Java
Section -District
Service. 1. 4%
UPTD. 1. 4%
Lo cal Co mp any . 1.
4%
(BANDUNG CITY)
Sanitation Office.
3. 13%
Sub-District
Service. 6. 25%
District Service .
12. 50%
• The type of formal instit ution that r un soli d waste ma nageme nt in a
certain city will has significa nt infl uence on the SW M performa nce
• The l ow Level Of Services i n Bandung Solid Waste Ma nageme nt caused
by the still under-dev eloped & ne ed assistance (subsi dy) from the l ocal
gover nment to cove r overa ll operational costs
Current Condition
Final D isposal Site System in West Java
s anitar y landfil l,
4 ( 8%)
contr olled landfill ,
15 (31%)
op en dumping,
29 (6 1%)
ACTUALLY:
• Most of FDS i n West Java Provi nce can be classified as dumpfills,
with less tha n 10% achieving status of contr olled landfill.
• No sanitary landfill is in e xistence alt hough there is some being
planned.
9
Current Condition
Existing SWM Operation
MANAGED BY RW OR DISTRICT
SERRVICE
MANAGED BY DISTRICT
SERRVICE
WASTE
VOLUM E
TS
Publci hous e
RESIDENTIAL
S
O
U
R
C
E
MARKET
COMMERCIAL /
OFFICE
WASTE
VOLUM E
WASTE
VOLUM E
FDS
CONTAINER
DUSTBIN
STREET /
FACILITIES
MANAGED BY DISTRICT SERRVICE
• Solid was te collection to transfer s tation is managed by
community
• Solid was te transportation, p rocessing and f inal d umping a re
the respons ibility of the ope rators.
Current Condition
Communities Involvement
the community a ltoget her carrie d
out the solid w as manageme nt
inde pendently
communities ge nerally implement
simple processing i n the form of
composting a nd recycli ng
10
Current Condition
Land
Landslid
slides
es in
in Leuwig
Leuwigajah
ajah FDS
FDS
Feb
February
ruary 21,
21, 2005
2005
LEUWIGAJAH
LEUWIGAJAH FDS
FDS
FDS
FDSfo
forrBandu
Bandung
ngCi
Cittyy
tempo
temporary
rary move
move to
toJelekon
JelekonggFDS
FDS
JELEKONG
JELEKONGFDS
FDS
Current Condition
The Problem
JELEKONG FDS:
Capacity : 300.000 m3
Lifetime : Until Desember 2005
very difficult to find ne w FDS areas because the public
impression and perce ption of FDS has been l argely ne gative
11
Current Condition
Expenditure on Solid Waste Management Year 2003
in Bandung City
Administrastion:
6,34 M (31,5%)
Dumping: 1.11 M
(5,5%)
Collecting :
5,45 M (27 %)
Transportation
7.26 M (36 %)
• The cost inv olved in processing t he v olume of w aste at the
FDS is very small
• the solid waste ope rators put the F DS ma nageme nt at the
end priority
Solid Waste Budget
%
100
2,00
90
1, 80
80
Bandung
City Budget
1, 60
70
1, 40
60
1, 20
50
1,00
40
0, 80
30
0, 60
20
0, 40
10
0, 20
0
0
1,97 %
Subsidy
0,44 % of APBD
SWM Fee
1,53 % of APBD
• Budget a llocation from APBD (Annual City De velopment Budget)
for solid waste manageme nt is lowest compare d to ot her
development are a.
• Local gover nment put t he solid waste mana gement at t he l owest
priority.
12
Environmental Pollution
Environmental Pollution around FDS
Surface &
Ground Wat er
Pollution
Air Pollution
Soil Poll ution
Environmental Pollution
Environmental Sanitation around FDS
slums settlement of
scavenger
pond of
leachate &
many flies
smoke combustion
of solid waste
13
Environmental Pollution
Flood
floods caused by t he
number of solid w astes
in canal or river
Environmental Pollution
Transfer Stati on
underne ath el evated
highway under
construction
Transfer Stati on by the
road side
14
Needs Of SWM Policy
• Environmental pollution caused by
waste management activities in
Bandung City
• An appropriate solid waste
management policy is needed as
reference in implementation of
sustainable environmental
management
Requirement New Paradigm
The Root of FDS Problems
• The bad physical and chemical quality of FDS
environmental caused by the open dumping
method.
• Many factors becoming cause operated FDS by
open dumping (technical, budgeting, and also
communit y participation aspect)
• The paradigm of collect-transport-dump
becoming the root of the matter all this
15
Requirement New Paradigm
• SWOT method analyzed indicates that
Bandung City solid waste management
system in SURVIVAL condition
• Bandung City solid waste management
policy have should be changed, where THE
COLLECT-TRANSPORT-DUMP
PARADIGM IS CHANGED INTO SOLID
WASTE MINIMIZATION PARADIGM
Shifting Paradigm Framework in Bandung City SWM
E
X
I
S
T
I
N
G
F
U
T
U
R
E
16
From Policy To Strategy
Shifting
Collect-Transpo rtDump Paradigm
into Was te
Minimiza tion Paradigm
Waste Minimization to
Reduce Management
Burden
Increase Active
Participation of
Community
Increasing Level of
Services in Solid Waste
Management
Regional
Cooperation in
Solid waste
Management
Management Environment
Impact around Final
Disposal Site
Operational
improvement with
controlled landfill
method
Bandung City SWM Strategy
Waste Minimization
To Reduce Management Burden
1
• To endorse local government in order to
begin with shift of solid waste management
paradigm to a reduction paradigm.
• To make an informal sector of recycling
organizers as working partner by opening the
business opportunity for them.
17
Bandung City SWM Strategy
Competency of Formal Solid Waste
Management Institution
2
• Increasing capacity and competency of
formal solid waste institution.
• Increasing professionalism of
institution.
• Developing the financial system to
increase the institution competency.
Bandung City SWM Strategy
Management Environment Impact Around
Final Disposal Site
3
• Improving the condition of FDS environment.
• Rehabilitation of physical-chemical
environment condition with an approach of
friendly environment technology.
• Operational improvement from open dumping
to controlled landfill method.
18
Bandung City SWM Strategy
Regional Cooperation
in Solid Waste Management
4
• To establish a regional cooperation in
carrying out the operation of solid
waste management.
• To carry out the institutional function of
environment quality observation around
FDS.
FDS CANDIDATES
“GUNUNG DUR UNG”
FDS CANDIDATES
“CITATAH”
TS CANDIDATES
“LEUWIGAJAH”
TS CANDIDATES
“BOJONGSOANG”
TS CANDIDATES
“KR. PAWITAN”
19
Bandung City SWM Strategy
Law Enforcement and Increase Active
Participation of Community
5
• To increase the socialization of regulation and law
and its implementation
• To lift the existence of communit y or society group
which has participated actively in solid waste
management in order to become the mediator in
campaign programmed
• To build an inter communit y group network which
has worked actively in solid waste management.
• To establish pilot project area, which will become an
example for the other region.
Bandung City SWM Strategy
The Objective Bandung City SWM Strategy
• Increasing capacity Bandung City SWM institution
• Increasing solid waste recycle center garbage in
intercit y service scope
• Increasing solid waste recycle information system
• FDS operational has been updated from Open
Dumping into Controlled Landfill
• Regional Solid Waste Corporation for Greater
Bandung has been implemented
20
Conclusion
• The environment pollution caused by solid waste
management activity in Bandung City reveals that the
core of the problem is caused by collect-transportdump paradigm
• Shifting paradigm in solid waste management policy
should be taken, where the collect-transport-dump
paradigm is changed into solid waste minimization
paradigm
• Final Disposal S ite should be developed through the
mechanism of inter town cooperation
• Generate and develop an active participation of the
communit y in solid waste management
THE END
Thank you for your kind attention
21