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2. Population and Workforce
General Index YUCATAN PROFILE General Index ..................................................................................................................... 1 1. General Presentation..................................................................................................... 2 2. Population and Workforce ............................................................................................ 3 a. Workforce .....................................................................................................................3 b. Population facts and figures..........................................................................................3 c. Employment and statistics.............................................................................................6 3. Infrastructure ................................................................................................................. 7 a. Water ............................................................................................................................7 b. Electricity.......................................................................................................................7 c. Roads ............................................................................................................................8 d. Railroad.......................................................................................................................10 e. Seaports......................................................................................................................13 f. Airports........................................................................................................................18 g. Drainage and water treatment plants ..........................................................................21 h. Natural Gas .................................................................................................................22 i. Industrial Parks.............................................................................................................23 4. General Business Environment ................................................................................. 26 a. Public safety................................................................................................................26 b. Programs to support training and labor.......................................................................27 c. Education ....................................................................................................................28 d. Quality of life ...............................................................................................................32 5. Industrial Costs............................................................................................................ 34 a. Labor ...........................................................................................................................35 b. Water...........................................................................................................................36 c. Natural gas ..................................................................................................................38 d. Transportation .............................................................................................................38 e. Land ............................................................................................................................39 f. Access to infrastructure (connection fees, etc). ..........................................................39 1 1. General Presentation Strategically located in the southeast of Mexico, Yucatan is one of the best states in Mexico for visiting, living and to do business. It is a place with high level of quality of life, characterized by social and labor peace and minimal industrial pollution. The best resource of Yucatan is its human capital, which is young and characterized by a low employee turnover, a low rate of absenteeism and a teamwork spirit. In addition, the Government has made an effort to increase the quality of the working force; a sample of this is the high level of Yucatan’s education system and the variety of programs and supports for work training. The State has a high-quality infrastructure that is increasing (roads, airports, harbor, telecommunications, industrial parks, etc.); reliable electricity, abundant water and availability of land; as well as medical and educational services1. Its geographic position is one of the State’s principal advantages. The most important cities of Florida, Texas, Louisiana, Alabama and Mississippi are reachable within approximately 90 to 120 minutes of flight from the International Airport of Merida. Also, the Peninsula of Yucatan is the point of contact to the islands of the Caribbean and Central and South American countries. Its capital city, Merida, is the business, financial and technological most developed center of the Southeast of Mexico and it is the closest Mexican industrial center to the east coast of the U.S. 1 Source: Economic Development Secretariat of Yucatan Government (SEFOE), Investor Guide 2007. On line www.SEFOE.yucatan.gob.mx 2 2. Population and Workforce a. Workforce The workforce consists of 847,705 people, 60.4% men and 39.6% women. Yucatan: Economically Active Population (1st Quarter 2008) Total Men Women Population 14 years and older 1,376,648 650,660 725,988 Economically Active Population (PEA) 858,497 525,930 332,567 Source: INEGI b. Population facts and figures The state of Yucatan has a population of about 1’818,948 inhabitants, 49% men and 51% women; 29.4% of the inhabitants of Yucatan are between 0 and 14 years old; 41.8% between 15 and 39 years old and 27% are 40 years and older2. Yucatan: Demographic indicators Indicator Population Annual population growth rate Medium age (Years) Number of men per 100 women Fertility rate (Average number of children born for each woman) Natality rate (Number of childbirths per 1,000 persons per year) Life expectancy Percent of the population with health insurance coverage Mortality rate (Number of deaths per 1,000 inhabitants per year) Infant mortality rate (Number of children’s death less than one year per thousand live births) Literacy rate Illiteracy rate Year 2005 2006 2005 2005 Yucatan 1’818,948 1.6 25 97.2 2006 2 2006 17.8 2006 2005 74.8 52.8 2006 5.2 2006 16.2 2006 2006 89.1 10.9 Source: National Institute of Statistics, Geography and Informatics (INEGI) on line www.inegi.gob.mx and National Council of Population (CONAPO) on line www.conapo.gob.mx. 2 Source: INEGI. 3 Population Forecast 20 20 20 10 20 08 20 06 20 00 19 90 19 70 19 50 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0 19 30 Thousands of persons Yucatan: Population growth trend (1930-2020) Source: INEGI and CONAPO. Yucatan: Population by sex (1990-2005) Men Women 51 50.7 50.6 Percentages 50.5 50.7 50.3 50 49.7 49.4 49.5 49.3 49.3 49 48.5 1990 1995 2000 2005 Source: INEGI. Most recent population census (2005) 4 Yucatan: Age pyramid by sex (2005) Women Men 100 and more 90 -94 years 80 - 84 years 70 - 74 years 60 - 64 years 50 - 54 years 40 - 44 years 30 - 34 years 20 - 24 years 10 - 14 years 0 - 4 years -150,000 -100,000 -50,000 0 50,000 100,000 150,000 Source: INEGI. Yucatan: Population by level of education (2005) 11.8% 9.1% Without instruction Elementary 18.0% Junior High School 36.8% Senior High School University 24.3% Source: INEGI. 5 c. Employment and statistics A low employee turnover with a low rate of absence and a high morale characterize labor relations in Yucatan. Approximately 90% of the factories of the State do not operate with labor unions in their companies and the few labor conflicts that occur are solved before they become strikes3. Yucatan: Unemployment rate. 2006 Period I TRIM II TRIM III TRIM IV TRIM Yucatan 2.3 2.2 2.6 1.9 2007 Period I TRIM II TRIM III TRIM IV TRIM Yucatan 1.9 2.3 3.0 2.0 2008 I TRIM 2.4 Source: INEGI. There are 251,061 employed people in industrial activities, 66.6% men and 33.4% women. Economic activity/ Period 2nd Quarter 2007 Activity Primary Agriculture, livestock, forestry, hunt and fish Secondary Extractive industry and electricity Manufacturing Construction Tertiary Commerce Restaurants and hotels Transportations, communications, mail and storage. Professional, financial and corporative services Social services Other services Government and international organizations No specified Total Total 97,114 97,114 257,061 5,806 170,022 81,233 481,325 145,195 57,440 37,482 46,011 66,078 83,830 45,289 2,430 837,930 Men 90,711 90,711 171,091 4,343 87,388 79,360 252,208 73,143 28,015 33,773 28,840 24,772 32,302 31,363 1,152 515,162 Women 6,403 6,403 85,970 1,463 82,634 1,873 229,117 72,052 29,425 3,709 17,171 41,306 51,528 13,926 1,278 322,768 Source: INEGI. 3 Sources: Ministry of Labor and Social Prevision (STPS) on line www.stps.gob.mx and information given by Jorge Araujo Concha (Yucatan’s Office of STPS); Economic Development Secretariat of Yucatan Government (SEFOE), Investor Guide 2007. On line www.SEFOE.yucatan.gob.mx 6 3. Infrastructure a. Water In Yucatan sub-lie underground waters that form one whole body of water which is called Yucatan’s aquifer. The only source of fresh water in the State is this aquifer which supplies vital underground water to all parts and sustains the development of productive activity. Due to the State’s precipitation levels and particular topographical and geological characteristics, the renewable volume of water in the aquifer is superior to other parts of Mexico; anticipating long term demands. It is necessary to take advantage of the underground hydrological resources formed by deep wells and sink holes. Potable water services are available to the most populated areas in the State, as well as to the industrial and service zones. The operation of water distribution runs under each City Council. b. Electricity Yucatan counts with a 230 KV power electricity network that runs through most areas of the State and interconnects with plants of other states. Merida is completely surrounded by a 230 KV electricity network that runs close to the peripheral ring and guides to other areas in the Eastern and Southern side of the State. The electrical network in Yucatan is under constant renovation and expansion. Installed electric capacity Name of the Central Generation way Nachi-Cocom Termoelectric Turbo Gas Installed capacity (MW) 49 30 Merida II Termoelectric Turbo Gas Merida III Location Establishment year Merida 1962 1987 168 30 Merida 1981 1981 Combined Cycle 484 Merida 2000 Felipe Carrillo Puerto Termoelectric Combined Cycle 75 220 Valladolid 1992 1994 Valladolid III Combined Cycle 525 Valladolid 2006 Source: Federal Electricity Commission (CFE) 7 c. Roads Yucatan counts with 12,338 km of paved highways and rural ways: 11.4% are paved principals and 14.8% are paved secondary. About rural ways: 31.9% are paved, 40% are land road and 28.1% are covered roads.4 This road infrastructure has received constant improvement over the years in order to satisfy the commercial demand. The road network connects with the other States of the Yucatan Peninsula and Mexico.5 The Peripheral ring is a modern, six-lane highway and is a fast route to reach other areas within the State and Peninsula.6 4 5 INEGI, Anuario Estadístico del estado de Yucatán,2007. www.inegi.gob.mx Secretaria de Comunicaciones y Transportes (Transport and Communication Authority of Mexico) http://www.sct.gob.mx/index.php?id=32 6 Yucatán: Puerta de entrada comercial al Mercado Americano (Entry comercial point into the American market). Publication by the Economic Development Secretariat of Yucatán (2005) 8 Distance and cost from Merida to the main cities of Mexico Distance Time From Merida to… Cost (MXP) (km) (hrs) Car 4 axes 6 axes Cancun 310 2:58 307 823 1272 Guadalajara 1840 18:26 1446 3125 4403 Leon 1675 16:44 1193 3047 4326 Mexico City 1301 13:22 891 2128 3027 Monterrey 2186 21:59 1258 2942 4122 Puebla 1181 11:53 772 1663 2365 Torreon 2282 23:31 1265 3064 4299 8 axes 1691 4887 4591 3240 4504 2578 4743 Distance and cost from Merida to the border cities of Mexico Distance Time From Merida to… Cost (MXP) (km) (hrs) Car 4 axes 6 axes 8 axes Ciudad Juarez 3074 30:52 1842 4376 6269 7119 Matamoros 1989 21:39 741 1436 2093 2418 Nuevo Laredo 2407 23:47 1559 3406 4995 5633 Reynosa 1997 21:42 741 1436 2093 2418 Tijuana 4069 40:26 2938 5751 8268 9727 Distance and cost from Merida to the ports of Mexico Distance Time Cost (MXP) From Merida to… (km) (hrs) Car 4 6 axes axes Altamira 1506 15:44 741 1436 2093 Manzanillo 2122 21:16 1721 3667 5217 Nuevo Laredo 2407 23:47 1559 3406 4995 Progreso 33 00:19 0 0 0 Tampico 1481 15:29 720 1397 2031 Veracruz 1017 10:30 601 1052 1482 8 axes 2418 5942 5633 0 2344 1710 Source: Secretaría de Comunicaciones y Transportes (Transport and Communication Authority of Mexico) (SCT) http://www.sct.gob.mx/index.php?id=32 9 Considering that the closest border from Merida to the North is Matamoros, which connects with Brownsville, TX, the following are the distances and costs to the main United States cities: Distance from Brownsville, TX to the main United States cities From Brownsville to … Distance (km) Time (hrs) Atlanta, GA Chicago, IL Houston, TX Los Ángeles, CA New York, NY Seattle, WA 1845 2436 574 2628 3193 4113 17:49 23:11 5:58 23:16 30:58 37:43 Source: Mapquest http://www.mapquest.com/ d. Railroad Yucatan counts with a 600 km railroad network that connects Merida with important municipalities such as Uman in the south, Progreso and its cargo port in the north and Valladolid in the east, where several private and governmental companies are established. Mexico’s national railroad network has a total of 17,764 km of rails along the country. It also connects in the US border with several railroad companies. The main connections are: ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ Matamoros – Brownsville, TX; TFM with Union Pacific Nuevo Laredo – Laredo, TX; TFM with Union Pacific Piedras Negras – Eagle Pass, TX; Ferromex with Union Pacific Cd. Juarez – El Paso, TX; Feromex with UNFS Ojinaga – Presidio, TX; Ferromex with Texas Pacific Nogales – Nogales, AZ; Ferromex with Union Pacific Mexicali – California; Ferromex with Union Pacific Tecate – California; Admicarga Carrizo George Railroad Tijuana – San Diego, CA; Admicarga with San Diego Railway 10 7 The main concessionaries that are operating the railroad system in Mexico are: ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ Ferrocarril y Terminal del Valle de México S.A. de C.V. (297 Kms) Ferrocarril Mexicano S.A. de C. V. (Ferromex) (7164 Kms) Ferrosur S.A. de C.V. (1479 Kms) Kansas City Southern de México S.A. de C.V. (4283 Kms) Línea Coahuila-Durango S.A. de C.V. (974 Kms) Ferrocarril del Istmo de Tehuantepec (designated operator for the Chiapas and Mayab railroad lines) (1550 Kms) ¾ Baja California State Government (Admicarga) (71 Kms)8 7 General Direction of Railway and Multimodal Transport http://dgtfm.sct.gob.mx/fileadmin/Tronco/04_Reestructuracion/Anuario_05/Anuario_2005_14_15.pdf 8 General Direction of Railway and Multimodal Transport http://dgtfm.sct.gob.mx 11 Southeastern Mexico Railroad Network 9 Railroad line Pacifico – Norte Ojinaga – Topolobampo Nacozari Del Noreste Del Sureste Linea Coahuila – Durango Chiapas – Mayab Terminal del Valle de Mexico Tijuana – Tecate Total Tons* (thousand) 34175.2 1065.6 1133.5 29226.8 16277.9 3666.2 2447.7 1447.4 373.9 89814.2 Ton-km (million) 23469.7 1085.8 516.9 20247.3 6401.7 813.3 1471.8 41.8 5.8 54054.1 Loaded carriages 599877 13210 13414 627712 231017 46210 37720 16087 5752 1,590,509 * It is considered the traffic that generate that railroad companies (local and interline) 9 Chiapas-Mayab railroad 12 e. Seaports Progreso Port The coastal region of the State of Yucatan limits in the East with the State of Quintana Roo and in the West with the State of Campeche. The coast of Yucatan has an extension of 365 km. The most important commercial port in Yucatan is Progreso. The area of influence of Puerto Progreso is the State of Yucatan itself, and in second place, the states of Quintana Roo, Campeche, Chiapas and Tabasco. It is located 26 km from Merida, and it is communicated with a four-lane federal freeway (eight lane starting mid-2008). GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION OF THE PORT Head North Latitude West Longitude Altitude Degrees Minutes Degrees Minutes Msnm Progreso 21 17 89 40 0 Surface (km2): 437 GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION OF THE STATE Extreme geographical coordinates At north 21°36’, south 19°32’ of North Latitude; East 87°32', west 90°25' of West longitude. (a) Territorial percentage Yucatan represents 2.0% of the country’s surface. (b) Borders To the north with the Gulf of Mexico; to the east with Quintana Roo; to the south with Quintana Roo and Campeche; to the west with Campeche and the Gulf of Mexico. (a) SOURCES: (a)INEGI. Geostatic, 2000. (b) INEGI-DGG. Surface of Mexican States. 1999. 13 From Progreso Port City Kms Sea Miles 1 Sea Mile=1.85 Kilometers In Mexico Campeche 130 70 Coatzacoalcos 348 188 Dos Bocas 270 146 Tampico 450 243 Tuxpan 425 230 Veracruz 390 211 From Progreso Port City Kms Sea Miles 1 sea mile= 1.85 Kilometers To the rest of the world Altamira 470 254 Bienville 590 319 Everglades 635 343 Ft. Lauderdale 635 343 Galveston 560 303 Gulfport 555 300 Houston 585 316 Miami 625 338 Mobile 506 274 New Orleans 555 300 Tampa 535 289 La Habana 412 223 Source: Integral Port Administration from Progreso (API) Puerto Progreso counts with a total infrastructure of 64 Ha. and a total length of 7.5 km. It also counts with 10 dock positions with a total length for this effect of 2,407 meters. It is able to receive ships with a total weight of 36,000 tons. Its warehousing capacity is of 7,142 m2; 1,500 of which are dedicated to refrigerated cargo. 14 Puerto Progreso counts with the following docks: ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ Three general cargo docks: 640mts. / 23 & 32 ft. depth Two container cargo docks: 460mts. / 23 & 32 ft. depth One grain cargo dock: 187mts. / 32 ft. depth One oil dock (PEMEX): 300mts. / 32 ft. depth Three cruise & ferry docks: 820mts. / 30 & 32 ft. depth Every terminal is under concession to multiple carriers, all of which were obtained under national bidding: ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ Container terminal: TCY S.A. de C.V. Oil and gasoline : PEMEX Cruise and ferries : SSA Mexico SA de CV General cargo: Multisur, Navega, Armamex Grains: Multisur SA de CV 15 Capacity The total cargo traffic of Puerto Progreso during the year 2007 was 4.3 million tons. This is part of a continuous growing tendency that has been following since the last renovations of the port. Also, there has been a very important growth in the TEU’s traffic, with a total movement of more than 75 thousand in the last year. It is considered the second most important port in bulk cargo; receives ships with up to 40,000 tons, more than 300 arrivals of containers ships. There is a 2.87% variation in cargo movement between 2006 and 2007 and of 5.1% in TEU’s for the same period. Main Sea Routes 16 Route Time Progreso-Panama City 54 hrs. Observation Cost USD 1250 per containerr 40'' Frequency 5 trips week per 1 trip week per Supply the east cost of the United States Mainly used for the Maquiladora Industry and fresh food Progreso- Veracruz Observation Used for food companies and the plastic industry per (January 36 hrs - 2 trip per month 4 days - 1 trip per week - 2 trips per month Connection Port for shipments to Asia Progreso-Netherlands Observation 1 trip week 2008) For the entry to the Caribbean and connections to Europe and Asia Progreso-Central America Observation 72 hrs USD 1500 per container de 40” Alternate route for the distribution to the east cost of United States Progreso-La Habana Observation USD 1500 per container 40'' Ideal Destiny for shipments to the east and west cost of United States Progreso-Savannah Observation 72 hrs. 11 days Shipment of Fresh Refrigerated Food Most important cargo movements : • Bulk/agricultural • Oil derivates • Fresh farming products • Containers • Terminals • Hydrocarbons • Grains • General cargo • Fluids 17 f. Airports Number of airports in Yucatan: 2 (one in Merida City and the other in Chichen Itza). The main airport in the Yucatan State is the Merida International Airport (Lic. Manuel Crescencio Rejon y Alcala, IATA code MID). This is a privateowned airport which serves more than 1 million passengers per year. Merida International Airport es considered the second most important in Mexico’s southeast region. To February 2008 it received 106,770 passengers, 29.7% more than february 2007. The terminal area counts with a 15,197m2 space; the runway capacity of Merida’s airport is of 30 operations per hour and counts with enough length to carry such airplanes as B747 and B777; it has two type C, four type D for aircraft not higher than B757 and four type D ICAO stands, all of which are contact stands. Basic facts ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ICAO Reference Code : 4D Runway: 10-28= 3,200 x 46 m (10,499 x 151ft) 17-35= 2,300 x 46 m (7,546 x 151 ft) Elevation: 12 m (39ft) Largest aircraft: B-747-400 B-777-300 Runway capacity – operations per hour: 30 Operating hours: 24hrs Number of stands: 2 type C and 4 type D until B757 and 4 D Terminal area: 15,197m2 (163,579 sq ft) Check-in counters: 60 Width of Taxiways: 23 m Aircraft Rescue and Fire Fighting Service Category: VIII 18 Merida’s International Airport has a total of 60 check-in counters for passenger transport of the following airlines: Airline Direct destinations Travel Time Frequency Click / Mexicana Continental Ciudad del Carmen Villahermosa Mexico City Miami Cancun Tuxtla Gutierrez Mexico City Villahermosa Mexico City Houston 40 min 1:00 hrs 1:55 hrs 1:50 hrs 50 min 1:15 hrs 2:00 hrs 1:00 hrs 1:50 hrs 2:07 hrs Daily Daily Daily Sun, Tue, Thu Daily Daily Daily Daily Daily Sun, Wed, Fri Volaris Toluca 1:55 hrs Daily Viva Aerobus Monterrey 1:50 hrs Daily Aerolitoral Aeromexico Alma de Mexico Aviacsa 19 Cargo transport Merida’s International Airport is also an important center for cargo transport. Several cargo carriers serve to different destinations: Carrier Aeromexpress Capacity Destinations 1,500 kgs Mexico City (connections to all the (variable) world from MEX) Miami Miami (connections to all the world) Frequency 6 times per day Thu, Sun Mon – Fri Amerijet 26,000 kgs Continental Cargo 2,500 kgs Houston (connections to all the world Sun, Wed, Fri (variable) from IAH) DHL 15,000 kgs Mexico City (connections to USA and Mon – Fri all the world) FedEx 15,000 kgs Miami (connections to USA and all the Mon – Fri world) Estafeta Cargo 15,000 kgs Miami, Mexico City, Cancun (connections to all the world) Mas Air 55,000 kgs Miami, Brazil (connections to all the Mon, Tue, Thu, Fri world) UPS 15,000 kgs Mexico City (connections to USA and Mon – Fri all the world) Mon – Sat In Yucatan there is another international airport located in Chichen Itza, located near to the archeological zone of the same name. Basic Facts of the International Airport of Chichen Itza ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ Localization: Kaua, Yucatan. Runways: 10-28 => 2,800 x 45 meters. Capacity: 3,233 passengers. Classification: International. Type: Tourist / cargo. 20 g. Drainage and water treatment plants In Yucatan there are 21 water treatment plants that take care of drainage as well. These plants are located in four cities: Merida, Progreso, Uman and Ticul: City Merida Merida Merida Merida Merida Merida Merida Merida Merida Merida Merida Merida Merida Merida Merida Merida Merida Name of the plant Fraccionamiento Pensiones 2nd Stage Fraccionamiento Pensiones 1st Stage Fovissste Fraccionamiento San Carlos Fraccionamiento Pensiones 4ft y 5ft Stage Fraccionamiento Fidel Velázquez Fraccionamiento Cd. Industrial Cordeleros de Chuburná Loma Bonita Col. Alemán Laguna de Oxidación Fracc. Las Américas Caucel 1 Caucel 2 Caucel 3 Caucel 4 Altrabrisa Cocoyoles Progreso Fracc. Flamboyanes Progreso Cienega 2000 Ticul Ticul Uman Fracc. Itzincab Treatment process Installed capacity (l/s) Currently used (l/s) Number of benefited people Aerobic systems 12 7 6,480 Aerobic systems 3 3 1,620 Aerobic systems 4 4 2,160 Primary treatment 5 5 2,700 Primary treatment 8 8 4,320 Primary treatment 2 2 1,080 Primary treatment 1 1 547 Primary treatment Primary treatment 1 10 1 10 540 5,400 Primary treatment 7 4 NA Strain filter 50 9 20,000 Strain filter Strain filter Strain filter Strain filter Extended ventilation Extended ventilation Extended ventilation Extended ventilation Extended ventilation Primary Treatment 50 50 50 60 NA NA NA NA 20,000 20,000 20,000 26,200 50 4 20,000 1.7 1 795 7.5 7.5 2,976 25 NA NA 1 1 540 17 14 5,826 Source: Comisión Nacional del Agua (National Water Commission) 21 It is worth mentioning that in those communities where there are not water treatment plants, the private companies settled there have to install their own water treatment plant in order to follow the laws and regulations of the usage of water in Yucatan and Mexico. There are several private companies in Yucatan from the food and apparel sectors that have installed their water treatment plants, being these aerobic and anaerobic. h. Natural Gas Energia Mayakan, S.de R.L. de C.V. is the private company which distributes gas to the Federal Energy Commission plants in Yucatan and Campeche. The gas pipeline has 700 km long, operates under open access form and transports natural gas to Campeche and Yucatan. It begins at Ciudad Pemex, Tabasco and ends at Valladolid. It is comprised with three main branches: ¾ The first one, parting from Ciudad Pemex, Tabasco to Lerma, Campeche and has a 24” diameter and 263 km long. It has a daily transport capacity of 305 million cubic feet. ¾ The second one from Lerma to Merida. It has 22” diameter and 264 km long and has a daily transport capacity of 240 million cubic feet. ¾ The last segment, from Merida to the CFE in Valladolid has 16” in diameter and 159 km long. It has a daily transport capacity of 140 million cubic feet. The initial capacity of the gas pipeline (without compression) is approximately 284 daily million cubic feet. Its maximum transport capacity is 305 daily million cubic feet. 10 Integrated Gas Services de Mexico, S. de R.L., affiliated to Energia Mayakan, is the sole distributor of natural gas to the industry. Up to date it provides natural gas to companies from various sectors such as textile, food, and construction. Igasamex owns and operates 23 gas pipelines and has 84 clients practically representing all industrial sectors in the country. **1 cubic feet equals 1,000 BTU´s. 10 Mayakan www.mayakan.com.mx 22 i. Industrial Parks There are five main Industrial Parks in Yucatan: Name Location Surface Yucatan Industrial Park North of Merida 200 ha Industrial Park of Uman Uman 48.9 ha Southern Industrial Park Uman 65 ha Industrial Park FIPAY Motul Motul N/A Industrial Park of Valladolid Valladolid 5.4 ha 1) Yucatan Industrial Park The Yucatan Industrial Park is located in the northern part of the city of Merida. It has more than 200 ha with full infrastructure: ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ Electricity: own 60,000 KVA's substation. Gas: natural and butane gas available. Lighting: included. Sewage: septic tanks per facility. Communications: 370 phone lines, optic fiber, Internet and satellite teleports. Water: abundant Supply 8" main / 5 PSI. Transportation: provided by bus, not public. Parking areas: available per facility. This park has three Divisions: ¾ Site Selection: lease or sale land with infrastructure inside/outside the Park throughout southeast Mexico. ¾ Design and Construction: inventory buildings, Turn-key and Build-to-suit for lease or sale. Project and engineering services. ¾ Manufacturing Services: start-up management, Shelter and Sub-contract. There are 22 companies established in this Park, from the aeronautic, communication, apparel, beverage and food industries, among others. The international Port of Progreso is 20 minutes away from the park. The highway offers an advantage of 15 min. to transport raw materials and finished goods from and to the Port. The International Airport of Merida is 20 minutes away from the Yucatan Industrial Park. 23 Prices Land Price (USD x m2) 30-35 USD x m2 Construction Price (USD x m2) 300-350 USD x m2 Lease Price (USD x m2) 3.5-5 USD x m2 2) Industrial Park of Uman This Park is located close to the city of Uman, 17 kms away from the capital city, Merida; 50 km away from the Port of Progreso and 10.5 km away from the International Airport of Merida. This private industrial park -with companies from several industrial sectors- has the following infrastructure: ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ Electricity: 300 KVA's/ha Lighting: included. Communications: 10 phone lines/ha Water treatment plants: not available Transportation: public bus. Total surface: 48.9 ha Availability for sale, lease or construct Prices in USD x m2= 12 USD -14 USD 3) Southern Industrial Park This Park is located close to the city of Uman, 40 km away from the Port of Progreso and 3 km away from the International Airport of Merida. This private industrial park –with companies from several industrial sectors- has the following infrastructure: ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ Electricity: 200 KVA’s/ha Natural gas network: yes Water treatment plants: not available Lighting: included. Communications: unlimited phone lines, optic fiber, Internet and satellite teleports. Transportation: public bus. Total surface: 65 ha. Availability for sale and construction 24 4) Industrial Park FIPAY Motul This park administrated by the local government, hosts companies from several industrial sectors; it is located in the city of Motul, 50 km away from the capital city, Merida, 70 km away from the Port of Progreso and 40 km away from the International Airport of Merida. It is a Public Park. ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ Electricity: 400 KVA’s/ha Gas network: not available. Water treatment plants: not available. Lighting: included. Transportation: public bus. 5) Industrial Park of Valladolid This private park hosts companies from several industrial sectors; it is located in Valladolid, 160 kms away from the capital city, Merida and 200 km away from the Port of Progreso. It has the following infrastructure: ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ Electricity: 400 KVA’s/ha Gas network: not available. Water treatment plants: not available. Lighting: included. Communications: 50 lines/ha Transportation: public bus. Total surface: 5.4 ha. Availability only for sale and construction. 6) Industrial Park East Yucatan This Park is still a project; it has not started its operations yet. It will have 60 ha which will be dedicated mainly for metal-mechanic and electric industries. The Park will be located at the East of Merida in a designed strategic area according to the urban plan of the city. 25 4. General Business Environment a. Public safety Yucatan is one of the most safe and peaceful places for living and doing business. Official sources inform that 90% of the criminal acts are of low impact. Crime rate per 1,000 population (2007) Criminal act/Month Robbery Burglary Car theft January 0.67 February 0.60 March 0.67 April 0.68 May 0.67 June 0.62 July 0.66 0.33 0.30 0.32 0.39 0.31 0.30 0.34 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.01 Cattle robbery 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Injuries Murder 0.53 0.46 0.60 0.63 0.64 0.57 0.51 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.02 Breach of trust 0.05 0.03 0.05 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.04 Damage to other people's property 0.32 0.28 0.36 0.38 0.39 0.35 0.38 Fraud 0.06 0.05 0.06 0.05 0.05 0.07 0.07 Sexual assault 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.04 Threats Kidnapping Other crimes 0.23 0.21 0.23 0.23 0.24 0.19 0.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.30 1.18 1.33 1.16 1.45 Source: Yucatan State Attorney General (PGJE). 1.29 1.30 26 b. Programs to support training and labor Federal programs. Federal Support Program for Enterprises (PyMe).11 This federal program contains specific categories for several types of corporate training: for administrative personnel as well as production managers, those involving research and development, among others. As follows there is a relation of these categories and their respective subcategories. I. Category: Entrepreneur and enterprise development. Training and Consulting services. a) Administrative, commercial/marketing and production management training linked to sectorial programs or strategic State development programs. b) Training to procure the generation of new or innovated production processes, materials or any other research and development to add value to a particular enterprise or sector. II. Category: Entrepreneurial management. Training and Consulting services. a) Training to secure the integration of production chains and collaboration schemes and entrepreneurial association. III. Category: Entrepreneurial strengthening. Training and Consulting services. a) Entrepreneurial training through group courses aimed to the development of new or improved goods and services to generate added value to compete in the market. IV. Category: Access to financing. Training and Consulting services. a) Training to aid entrepreneurs in developing skills in capital management. Elaboration of methodology and generation of training programs content and material. a) Methodologies, content and materials for employee training, including audiovisual and multimedia information as well as promotion. 11 Operation Rules for the Federal Support Program for Enterprises, Pyme, published February 28 2007.. 27 c. Education In Yucatan there are several public and private Universities and Technological Institutes that offer a wide range of bachelor’s degrees and technical degrees, divided in the following way: 1) Americas Studies Center (Centro de Estudios de las Américas): • Interior design • Product Design • Psychology 2) CONALEP Mérida I: • Business • Nursery • Computer Program • Food and Beverage Technician 3) CONALEP Mérida II: • Accounting • Computer Equipment and Maintenance Technician • Industrial Productivity Technician • Refrigeration Technician 4) CONALEP Tizimín: • Business • Accounting • Computer Program 5) CONALEP Valladolid: • Nursery • Computer Program • Food and Beverage Technician • Tourist Hospitality Technician 6) High Art School of Yucatan: • Musical, Visual Arts and Theater 7) Technological Institute of Merida: • Business • Biochemical Engineering • Civil Engineering • Electrical Engineering • Electronic Engineering • Industrial Engineering • Mechanical Engineer • Chemical Engineering • Systems Engineering 28 8) Southern Technological Institute of Yucatan: • Biochemical Engineering • Industrial Engineering • Systems Engineering 9) Superior Technological Institute of Valladolid: • Business • Computer Program • Systems Engineering 10) Superior Technological Institute of Progreso: • Business • Computer Program • Electromechanical Engineering • Systems Engineering 11) Yucatan’s Autonomous University (Universidad Autónoma de YucatánUADY): • Actuarial Management • Information Technology Business • Agroecology • Anthropology and Archeology • Architecture • Biology • Marine Biology • Orthodontist Surgeon • Communication • Accounting • Law • Economy • Education • Nursery • Math Teaching • History • Computer Program • Civil Engineering • Physical Engineering • Chemical Engineering • System Engineering • Software Engineering • Literature • Medicine • Veterinarian • International Business • Nutrition • Industrial Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Chemistry • Rehabilitation 29 12) Mayab University (Universidad del Mayab-Anahuac Universities): • Business • Tourist Management • Architecture • Family Sciences • Orthodontist Surgeon • Communication • Accounting • Law • Graphic Design • Economy • Industrial Engineering • Systems Engineering • Mechatronic Engineering • Medicine • Marketing • International Business • Nutrition • Psychology 13) Interamerican University for the Development: • Business • Communication • Systems Engineering • Marketing 14) Marista University of Merida: • Business • Natural Resources Management • Architecture • Accounting • Law • Interior Design • Civil Engineering • Marketing • Nutrition • Psychology 30 15) Saint Agustine’s Mesoamerican University: • Business • Accounting • Philosophy and Humanities • Marketing • International Affairs • Tourism 16) Modelo University: • Business • Accounting • Architecture • Humanistic Science • Political Science • Communication • Law • Product Design • Graphic Design • Computer Program • Industrial Engineering • Hispanic Letters • Mechatronic Engineering • Marketing • Nutrition • Psychology 17) Metropolitan Technological University: • Business • Tourist Management • Graphic Arts • Marketing and Sales • Electrical Industry • Computer Program • Industrial Maintenance 18) South Regional Technological University: • Marketing and Sales • Accounting • Computer Program • Production Process 31 d. Quality of life Merida, the capital city of Yucatan, with several touristic attractions and modern shopping malls, also has very attractive places to visit. The “Paseo de Montejo”, is the city’s main avenue, where are located old buildings and 19th-century mansions. The old henequen haciendas are an additional attraction to the tourists, many of which have been converted into luxurious hotels with museums, restaurants and spa services. Valladolid, historical city with natural richness, has several sinkholes (ponds connected by underground streams), ideal spots to go swimming or cave diving. Another place to visit is the beautiful city of Izamal, where you can admire the magnificent Ex-Convent of San Antonio de Padua, which has the largest atrium in the Americas. The Mayan archaeological zones, such as Uxmal, Kabah, Labna, Sayil, Dzibilchaltun and the impressive ceremonial grounds of Chichen Itza, -which were declared a World Heritage Site by the UNESCO- are another must-visit sightseeing. Yucatan also offers beautiful natural environments, such as Celestun, the natural habitat for hundreds of pink flamingos, or Rio Lagartos, where you can go kayaking through the mangroves. During you visit, don’t forget to try the Yucatan’s famous regional cuisine.12 • Main Golf Courses There are 2 golf courses in Yucatan: The Yucatan Golf Club, located in the 10th km of the Merida-Progreso road. The club opens seven days a week and is made up 18 holes and 72 pair; besides it offers monthly membership, valid for three months that includes rental equipment and golf cars, plus tennis, swimming pool, gym, steam bath and restaurant for breakfast, lunch and dinner, as well as other services like a practice course, a putting green and pro-shop. The other is the Yucatan Country Club, still under construction and one of the most recent developments in the State, made up with 72 pair in a surface of 7,282 yards of golf course; pro-shop, a golf school with PGA standards with a Nicklaus design, also it will have a Golf & Spa Resort, a Grand Tourism Hotel and Shopping Mall. 12 Yucatan today magazine www.yucatantoday.com 32 • Hotels Yucatan offers services of lodging in the capital city, Merida, and also in its main municipalities and most important tourist centers such as Progreso, Chichen Itza, Uxmal, Tizimin, Valladolid, Celestun and Telchac, among others. The range is between 2 stars and 5 stars, Grand Tourism and Special Class, which offer services such as restaurant, bar, air conditioner, swimming pool, satellite television, conference rooms, laundry, baby sitter, travel agency and car rental, to name a few. In the capital city, Merida, there are 2 Grand Tourism Hotels, 7 range as 5 stars, 17 classified as 4 stars and more than 50 lodging services classified between 3 stars and hostel (bed & breakfast) distributed in the main municipalities of the State. At the moment there is a group of six “Haciendas” specially reconstructed and equipped to receive visitants in an ecological atmosphere, classified as Special Class, located in different parts of Yucatan. • Shopping Malls One of the main activities in the State is the commerce. In the capital city and other important cities of Yucatan, one may find different purchase options, from handcraft to home goods and industry products. In Merida there are popular markets with local and regional products of Yucatan and handcrafts; also trendy fashion stores, technology and entertainment. Merida has six shopping malls, supermarkets, department stores and specialized shops with national and international fame. In other municipalities of the State it is possible to find small shopping centers and supermarkets, nevertheless, the handcrafts and typical clothes take up an important place, as well as the sale of typical sweets and Yucatecan food. It is worth mentioning that the Government of the State has taken actions to equip the security force and also to involve the society to prevent crime, which demonstrates the compromise of Yucatan to be the safest place of Mexico. • Cultural and sports activities In Merida there are many Country and Sports Clubs, which offer services and installation for aquatic, camp and track sports, offering also spaces for cultural and social activities. Social Clubs Rotary Club of Merida Leones Club of Merida Cruz Leonistica Modelo School 33 Sport Clubs Country Club Yucatan Lebanese Club of Merida Bancarios Sports Center Yucatan Golf Club Yucatan Country Club Riding Club Sureste Riding Club La Noria Montecristo Club (Cumbres-Godwin) FUTV Solidaridad Sports Unit Kukulcán Salvador Alvarado Solidaridad Inalámbrica Villa Palmira Tipo Private Private Private Private Private Private Private Private Private Public Public Public Public Public Source: Evaluation and Analysis of Projects Direction. SEFOE • Theaters, Movie Theaters and Museums The theaters that Yucatan has are located mainly in its capital, Merida: • • • • • • • Jose Peon Contreras Theater Daniel Ayala Perez Theater Merida Theater Acereto Cultural Center Colon Theater Felipe Carrillo Puerto, UADY Theater IMSS Theater Other options that the capital city offers are to visit the 10 museums and 9 art galleries like: the Yucatecan Song Museum, the Popular Art Museum, the Contemporary Art “Ateneo of Yucatán” Museum MACAY, the Regional Anthropology Museum, the Merida City Museum, the Art Museum of the State “Juan Gamboa Guzmán”, the Natural History Museum, the Mayan Dzibichaltun Town Museum (Archeological Site with the same name), the Numismatic Museum of México, the Art Gallery and Multimedia “Art-Value”, the Cultural House of Mayab, among others. In Merida’s different shopping malls there are cinemas such as: Hollywood Cinemas in the Gran Plaza, Galerias Merida and Macroplaza; Cinepolis in Las Américas Mall and Altabrisa. There are also cinemas in others cities like Progreso, Umán, Valladolid and Tizimín. 34 5. Industrial Costs a. Labor The salaries in Yucatan are among some of the most competitive in Mexico. The salary per hour of qualified labor is around $1.33 USD including social costs and taxes. The salary per hour of non qualified labor is around $0.7 USD. The salaries can vary according to the type of industry. The salaries of executives, managers and administrators are, in general terms, between 10 % and 20 % lower than those in the central or northern zone of Mexico13. A brief comparison between the Yucatan salaries and the national average is shown below: Monthly Salaries for Production Personnel Yucatan National Average Position USD/month USD/month Min. Max. Min. Max. Plant Manager 3,604 5,405 2,565 6,084 Production Manager 1,351 2,252 1,778 3,727 Production Engineer 721 901 980 2,091 Production 360 541 592 1,034 Technician Source: Industrial Costs in Mexico, published by Bancomext; and State Government. Original statistics in pesos, calculated at exchange rate of 11.10 pesos per USD. Monthly Salaries for Administrative Personnel Yucatan National Average Position USD/month USD/month Min. Max. Min. Max. Accountant 450 721 801 1,939 Bilingual Secretary 315 676 457 830 Source: Industrial Costs in Mexico, published by Bancomext; and State Government. Original statistics in pesos, calculated at exchange rate of 11.10 pesos per USD. Wages for Workers Position Skilled Worker Unskilled Worker Yucatan USD/month Min. Max. National Average USD/month Min. Max. 225 135 326 229 315 225 547 375 Source: Industrial Costs in Mexico, published by Bancomext; and State Government. Original statistics in pesos, calculated at exchange rate of 11.10 pesos per USD. 13 Source: Yucatan State Department of Industrial and Commercial Development 35 The minimum wage for unskilled workers is 47.60 pesos (4.3 USD) for 8 hours (a day of work). The obligatory labor benefits (approximated values) are: • • • • • Social Security: 18 to 20 % of the salary. INFONAVIT (Project that finances workers houses): 5 % of the salary. AFORE (Retirement Fund Administrator): 2 % of the salary. Vacation bonus: 25 % of the normal period payment. Christmas Bonus: At least 15 days of the salary. Note: The vacation days are: 1st year: 6 days 2d year: 8 days 3d year: 10 days 4th year: 12 days Beginning with the 5th year, a vacation day is added every 5 years. In addition, the workers have the right to take part (10%) of the utilities of the companies. The American companies operating in Yucatan also pay bonuses for productivity, punctuality and low absenteeism. As a general rule, including all above mentioned (taxes, contributions and bonuses) the actual salary of the local companies is $1 USD per hour as average14. b. Water The water costs depend on the municipality. As an example, the costs in Merida and Uman are: a) Merida: The costs would depend on the following: • • • • Net use. Estimate of the net (if a new net is needed). Commercial Rights according with the diameter of the pipe. Special water meter if the tapping point is bigger than a half inch. The industry contract (including the water meter) is for $92.16 USD. This service is paid bimonthly. 14 Federal Labor Law, Mexican Institute of Social Security and Labor and Social Security Secretariat. 36 Water bimonthly costs in Merida Boundaries (m3) Lower Upper 0 30 31 60 61 100 101 200 201 300 301 400 401 750 751 1,500 1,501 2,250 2,251 999,999 Water rates Basic rate Rate per m3 13.2 0 0 0.55 0 0.59 0 0.68 0 0.72 0 0.75 0 0.84 0 0.86 0 0.91 0 0.92 Source: Yucatan Potable Water Commission (Japay). Original costs in pesos, calculated at exchange rate of 11.10 pesos per USD. b) Uman: If the two-month consumption is between 0 and 30 m³, the rate would be a total of 6.31 USD and, for a higher consumption rank, the rates would be calculated according to the m3 used, as follows: Water bimonthly costs in Uman Consumption rank (m3) 31-60 61-120 121-200 201-400 USD/m3 0.24 0.27 0.32 0.41 Source: Potable Water Department of Uman City Council Original costs in pesos, calculated at exchange rate of 11.10 pesos per USD. 37 c. Natural gas Natural Gas Prices (US Dollars per MMBTU) Yucatan 5.14 National average 5.65 Source: Mexican Petroleums (PEMEX) Original costs in pesos, calculated at exchange rate of 11.10 pesos per USD. d. Transportation Land freight costs for 48/53 ft containers (28 tons), From Merida to the main Mexican Cities From Merida to: Land freight costs (USD) Veracruz 766 México DF. Puebla 856 811 Guadalajara 1,351 Monterrey 1,532 Laredo 1,982 Culiacán 2,072 Source: Yucatan Container Terminal (TCY) . Other land transportation costs such as to the main cities of Mexico in the case of toll roads, costs from Merida to the border cities of Mexico and costs from Merida to the main Mexican ports are specified on the road section of this document. 38 e. Land The cost of land in Yucatan varies according to the localization of the property. Costs of land Location Average leasing cost (USD x mt2) Average selling price (USD x mt2) 5.00 30.00 3.00 15.00 North of Merida 4.00 20.00 East, West, South of Merida 2.0-2.5 13.00 Yucatan Industrial Park (north) Industrial Park of Uman (south) Source: Real estate agencies and industrial parks. f. Access to infrastructure (connection fees, etc). 1) Phone: a) Monthly basic rate: $17.84 USD (plus 15% of VAT). b) Price for local calls: $0.13 USD per call. c) For long distance calls, it depends on the country the call is made. Minutes Plan 600 Minutos 1,200 Minutos 1,800 Minutos 2,400 Minutos Monthly Rate (USD) $45.04 $90.04 $135.15 $180.18 The documents required by the Mexican Telephone Company (TELMEX) in order to install telephone lines are: • • • • Letter of application. Copy of the Federal Taxpayer Code (RFC). Copy of the legal representative in the presence of the Federal Electoral Institute (IFE). Copy of the incorporation agreement. 39 The connection cost for the commercial line is $155.68 USD plus 15% of VAT (including interior phone wiring)15. 2) Electricity: The electrical rates in Yucatan vary depending on the consumer classification: Electrical rates in Yucatan Sector USD/kWh Housing Commercial Services Agriculture Medium-size industry Large-size industry General average 0.10 0.24 0.16 0.05 0.13 0.09 0.12 Source: Federal Commission of Electricity (CFE) Original costs in pesos, calculated at exchange rate of 11.10 pesos per USD. In order to hire an electric service the following requirements are needed: • • • • The electric installation must be finished. To process a certificate of the electric installations that accredits observance of the Mexican Official Norms (NOM’s). Incorporation agreement. To pay an infrastructure fee depending on the location16. 15 Mexican Telephone Company (TELMEX). Original costs in pesos, calculated at exchange rate of 11.10 pesos per USD. 16 Federal Commission of Electricity (CFE). For more information about tariffs and electric installations consult: www.cfe.gob.mx 40
