the tour from the beginning

DOWNTOWN WATERVILLE
Historic Walking Tour
A stroll through the City of Waterville, Maine
Presented by:
Waterville Main Street
44 Main Street, Suite 202
Waterville, ME 04901
(207) 680-2055
www.watervillemainstreet.org
5th Edition Published Summer 2016
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FROM THE DESK OF THE DIRECTOR
Waterville Main Street
Welcome to Waterville, Maine!
We invite you to discover the historic riches of our downtown.
The Waterville Main Street Design Committee invites you to learn about
the architecture and stories of historic Downtown Waterville. Waterville
has always played an important role in creative, artistic, industrial, and
educational developments in Maine and the world. This tour will share
stories and information about people and events associated with those
events and historic sites. Whether you are new to our area, visiting for
the first time, or returning, we think you will find the information
interesting, educational, fun, and historically significant. We do!
The sites are listed by street address so you can begin or end wherever
you please. The Redington House (Waterville Historical Society) and the
Waterville Public Library have scheduled visiting hours. Time your visit
right because these sites are worth seeing. Other sites are either private
or occupied by businesses you can visit during regular store hours. Who
knows what you might see?
We would like to give special thanks to the City of Waterville, Colby
College Libraries, Maine Historic Preservation Commission, Waterville
Historical Society, the Morning Sentinel, Waterville Public Library, Elm
City Photo, Jill Hodsdon, and building owners and historians, young and
old, who have helped us to highlight Waterville as a destination for
historic exploration and discovery. Its history includes many famous
people and some who were infamous. Discover our stories!
“The more one comes to know of the history and life of Waterville, the
more does he respect its past and have confidence in its future.”
-The Centennial History of Waterville, 1902
We are glad you came to Waterville; we hope to see you again soon
Executive Director
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Site Name
From the Desk of the Director
Index
City Tidbits
Old Waterville Post Office
Hanford Hotel
C.W. Hussey Building
Cyr Building
Waterville Savings Bank Building
Moor Building
Henrickson Building
Two Cent Bridge
Elden-Boutelle-Arnold Block
Hanson, Webber, Dunham Building
McLellan’s Department Store
Montgomery Ward Dept Store
Emery Brown Building
Barrell Block
The Common (Castonguay Square)
City Hall
Haines Building
Masonic Block
Gallert Block
Krutzky Building
Carleton Building
H.R. Dunham Building
MAP OF SITES
Jackson Company
Robinson-Davison Building
Soper Block
Plaisted Block
Cluckey Block
Miliken Block
Federal Trust Building
Ticonic Row
Lombard Log Hauler Museum
Levine Block
Lockwood Mills
C. F. Hathaway Shirt Factory
Pray House
Redington House
Universalist-Unitarian Church
Cyrus W. Davis Residence
Lombard Residence
Monument Square
First Baptist Church
Waterville Public Library
Notes
Advertisers
DIRECTORY OF SITES
Street Address
Corner of Main & Elm Streets
197 Main Street
185 Main Street
177-179 Main Street
173 Main Street
139 Main Street
129 Main Street
Temple Street and Kennebec River
103-115 Main Street
99 Main Street
90-100 Main Street
81-85 Main Street
80-86 Main Street
72-76 Main Street
Between Main & Front at Common Street
1 Common Street
10 Common Street
14 Common Street
22 Common Street
59 Main Street
64 Main Street
64 Main Street
62 Main Street
58 Main Street
54-56 Main Street
46-50 Main Street
40-44 Main Street
Corner of Main & Silver Streets
25-33 Main Street
8-22 Main Street
Corner of Spring & Front Streets
9-19 Main Street
1 Water Street
10 Water Street
74 Silver Street
62 Silver Street
Corner of Elm & Silver Streets
8 Elm Street
65 Elm Street
Corner of Elm & Park Streets
Corner of Elm & Park Streets
73 Elm Street
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CITY OF WATERVILLE, MAINE
Waterville was, in fact, part of Winslow
until 1802. Early settlers called current-day
Waterville the West Side or Ticonic. The
lack of a bridge caused Ticonic residents to
incorporate as the town of Waterville in
1802. Waterville became a city in 1888.
Early Waterville settler and Revolutionary War veteran, Asa Redington
(who served in Washington’s personal Honor Guard), built the first dam
at Ticonic Falls in the Kennebec River in 1792. Sawmills, gristmills, and
tanneries were soon scattered along the Kennebec, as well as nearby
Messalonskee Stream. Access to plentiful lumber led to the rise of
shipbuilding in Waterville in 1794. Schooners, brigs, long boats, and
ships were launched on the Kennebec during the spring or fall freshets
and floated down to Gardiner or Hallowell. The first steamboat built in
Waterville launched in 1842. Shipbuilding prospered in Waterville until
the arrival of the rail.
In 1813, the Maine Literary and Theological Institution was established,
changing its name to Waterville College in 1821. Later, in 1867, the
college changed its name to Colby University in recognition to a
generous gift from Gardner Colby, who had spent part of his childhood
in Waterville. In 1899, the school became Colby College. Colby was first
located on College Avenue along the Kennebec River and in 1952
completed the move to Mayflower Hill.
Thomas College was founded as Keist Business College in 1894 and was
originally located on Main Street. The college moved from downtown in
1956 and finally relocated to its current campus on West River Road in
1966.
Waterville was known as the “Elm City” until the 1960s and 1970s, when
Dutch Elm Disease killed most of the City’s abundant elm trees. One of
the last standing elm trees can be found in Castonguay Square in the
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heart of downtown. There are ongoing efforts to plant disease-resistant
elm throughout the City.
Hathaway shirts were made in Waterville for over 160 years, from 1849
until 2002 when the nation’s last maker of name-brand dress shirts shut
down in the face of low priced foreign competition. Hathaway supplied
uniforms for Union soldiers during the Civil War.
In 1870, Central Maine Railroad chose Waterville as its rail center. (The
City’s official seal features a train crossing Ticonic Falls.)
Mildred Dunham of Waterville invented the Vue-Back Mirror in 1936. It
hooks around the neck and allows free use of the hands. At the time it
“sold like hot cakes.”
In 1940, Edmund S. Muskie moved to Waterville and practiced law. He
was governor of Maine from 1955-1959, served in the U.S. Senate, was
democratic candidate for Vice President in 1968, Secretary of State in
the Cabinet of President Jimmy Carter 1980-1981, and was awarded the
Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1981.
When Senator Edmund Muskie was named the U.S. Secretary of State in
1980, Waterville native George J. Mitchell was selected as his
replacement. He was serving as a federal judge when he moved to the
U.S. Senate. Mitchell served in Congress fourteen years. At President
Clinton’s request, Mitchell brokered a peace in turbulent Northern
Ireland. He also drew up a Middle East peace plan that won
international support. He has served as head of the Democratic Party
and Chairman of the Walt Disney Co. and was awarded the Presidential
Medal of Freedom in 1999.
Waterville physician, Dr. H. Richard Hornberger, wrote the popular war
comedy M*A*S*H* under the pen name of Richard Hooker. The
characters were based on his Waterville acquaintances.
Robert Brown Hall of Waterville was a composer and one of the state’s
best cornetists. He wrote the march plated at John F. Kennedy’s funeral
and was the director of the RB Hall Band.
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Some of the greatest fishing in the Northeast is in Ticonic Bay, just south
of Ticonic Falls on the Kennebec River. Early settlers caught 40lb Atlantic
salmon! 6-10ft Atlantic Sturgeon are still common sights today.
WATERVILLE POST OFFICE
Corner of Main & Elm Streets ~ Map #1
This was the Post
Office Square in
1909 at the corner
of Main & Elm
Streets before the
site was cleared for
the new Post
Office.
This Waterville Post Office building,
designed by Treasury Architect,
James Knox Taylor, was completed in
1911. Designed after the Philadelphia
Exchange (1832), it is notable for its
triangular configuration due to the
intersection of Elm and Main Streets.
Its Greek Revival architecture,
significant in the early 1900s, was constructed entirely with cut stone
and includes a tall Corinthian cylindrical lantern on the roof based on a
monument in Athens.
In 1976 the Post Office moved
into its new building on College
Avenue. The old Post Office
building was placed in the
National Register of Historic
Places in 1977 and was sold at
auction in 1980 for $112,000.
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THE HANFORD HOTEL/BOARDING HOUSE
197 Main Street ~ Map #2
The Hanford Hotel, built
around 1835 in Greek revival
style, was a boarding house.
This building is the oldest
surviving frame building on
Main Street.
The Waterville Hotel List featured
on the right was taken from a
1910 summer camp brochure and
lists the room rage of The
Hanford as $1.00-$1.25 per night
or $3.50-$7.00 per week.
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C.S. HUSSEY BUILDING
185 Main Street ~ Map #3
The outward
appearance of
this historical
landmark has
remained
relatively
unchanged for
approximately
100 years!
The C. S. Hussey block is considered to be one of
the most architecturally outstanding buildings on
Main Street. William Butterfield designed this
Romanesque architectural style building in 1908. It
is characterized by pronounced curved arches on
the ground floor, a horizontal band separating the
floors and Roman-style bricks. Roman style bricks
were longer, narrower and flatter (4”x4”x12”). Frank Lloyd Wright also
favored Roman style bricks for his prairie houses. Roman bricks are
rarely manufactured today.
Hussey was a flamboyant lawyer who erected this prominent
monument to himself. The outward appearance of this historical
landmark has remained relative unchanged for almost 100 years.
The building is now utilized as professional office space.
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THE CYR BUILDING
177-179 Main Street ~ Map #4
The Cyr Building was
constructed in 1923 and, with
42 office suites, was the
largest office building in
Waterville at the time. It was
put on the National Historic
Register in 1982 for its Art Dec
style architecture in a
commercial context. Miller &
Mayo of Portland designed
the four stories of steel and
concrete with brick veneer.
This building was the original location of the LaVerdiere Drug Store
chain.
The south
facing
windows
on the
first floor
were
sealed by
the drug
store in
order to
increase
display space and were recently restored through the Waterville Main
Street Façade Improvement Grant program.
This building now houses a café and a number of professional offices
and businesses.
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THE WATERVILLE SAVINGS BANK BUILDING
173 Main Street ~ Map #5
Corner of Appleton and Main Streets
Waterville Savings
Bank was
organized in 1869.
In 1903, the bank
outgrew their
original
headquarters and
built a remarkable
new building at
173 Main Street.
The bank occupied
the north store, and there were a variety of offices on the upper floors.
This was the first building in Waterville to use reinforced concrete floor
construction and was considered to be a fireproof structure at the time.
Its facade is constructed of gray Roman brick with limestone trim.
Roman bricks are longer, narrower and flatter than standard bricks.
Architect William
Butterfield of Waterville,
who also designed the C.W.
Hussey building was the designer. William
Butterfield was the son of architect builder
Chessman Butterfield.
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COLBY COLLEGE
PURCHASED
THIS BUILDING
IN THE SUMMER
OF 2015 TO
RESTORE &
REPURPOSE
THE MOOR BUILDING
139 Main Street ~ Map #6
BUILT IN 1905
The Moor Building is one of the
few buildings on Main Street that
is in relatively original condition.
This building has been home to
the Waterville Steam Laundry,
Harris Bakery, Downeast Candies,
and for the last twenty years, the
Waterville House of Pizza.
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THE HENRICKSON BLOCK
129 Main Street ~ Map #7
Henrickson
and Leslie built
the original
building on
this site, which
is document
back to 1877.
This building
had Italianate
style trim and
cornice. It is the last surviving wood commercial building on Main
Street. Although it has been substantial remodeled with aluminum
siding, it is possible that the original ornamentation still exists behind
the siding.
Henrickson
Block
The building was purchased in 1915
by the Waterville Women’s
Association. The association
maintained space on the second
floor for women working downtown.
There was a kitchen and a place to sit
to enjoy a stress free lunch away
from work. The first floor housed
Farrow’s Bookstore. In 1979, the
building was sold to Joseph A. Roy
and became home to Joseph A. Roy
Real Estate. The current owner leases
out the first floor as retail space.
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TWO CENT BRIDGE
Ticonic Street & Kennebec River ~ Map #8
In 1901 a 700’ steel suspension bridge
was privately constructed over the
Kennebec River. It was operation for only
a few days when the highest river levels
seen since 1832 carried it away. Rebuilt
in 1903, it is one of the oldest surviving
wire-cable steel suspension bridges and
is considered to be the last known extant
toll footbridge in the United States,
earning it a spot on the National Register
of Historic Places.
The bridge was intended to give workers coming from Temple Street in
Waterville easy access to the Hollingsworth & Whitney Company (later,
the Scott Paper Company) factories located across the Kennebec in
Winslow. The original toll was one cent, but soon rose from a penny to
two cents, which was collected by gatekeepers who lived in a small
building on the Waterville side.
“Head of Falls” (pictured left) contained the
Wyandotte Worsted Woolen Mill and the
Waterville Iron Works. The area also
included many small apartment buildings
and houses, primarily inhabited by the
Lebanese community who worked in the
mills. Phase II of Urban Renewal (1970s)
removed all remaining buildings from the
site.
In 1935, a “100 year flood” left the twocent bridge as the only connection between
Winslow residents and all of the public
necessities such as food and health services
that exited only on the Waterville side of the river.
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The toll increased to 50 cents
before discontinued in 1960
when heirs of the original
owners gifted the bridge to the
City of Waterville.
A proposed 900 ft. “Riverwalk”
from the Two Cent Plaza along
the Kennebec River is planned
in the near future. The
Waterville Rotary Club
celebrated its Centennial
Anniversary with a grant of
$150,000 for this innovative
initiative. A conceptual
drawing is pictured here. The
Two Cent Bridge can be seen
on the left. The city anticipates frequent use of the Riverwalk by the
public on a daily basis during spring, summer and fall.
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THE ELDEN-BOUTELLE-ARNOLD BLOCK
103-115 Main Street ~ Map #9
The Elden-Boutelle-Arnold Block was built from 1886-1894. John Calvin
Stevens was the architect for this
Queen Anne style block.
W.B. Arnold, hardware dealer,
built his third of the block in
1886-1887. In 1948, 103 Main
Street was purchased. The second
floor was used for their sporting
goods and company offices. The Arnold Block was a hardware store and
was probably the largest retail and wholesale sore in the State of Maine.
It closed its doors in 1962 because of increased competition. The senior
Arnold continued the heating and plumbing supply business in the
basement until his death in 1969. The building is still owned by the
Arnold family.
Dr. Boutelle built the middle section in 1887 and lease it to the Bangor
News Company. Alden & Deehan’s Drug Store replace that business in
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1890. In 1892-1993 the Boutelle Block housed Miss A.A. Gleason who
sold “fashionable millinery.”
J.F. Elden & Co. built the final third of this block in 1893. The Elden
building on the corner of Temple & Main is the only section of the block
that has retained its cast iron columns. It was home to J.F. Elden &
Company purveyors of furniture, carpets, and house furnishings.
Today this block is home to retail shops on the ground level and offices
and apartments on the upper floors.
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THE HANSON, WEBBER, DUNHAM BUILDING
99 Main Street – Map #10
The photo on the left shows the
opening where Hanson, Webber &
Dunham built their original hardware
store on Main Street in 1894. The new
4-story building is depicted on the right.
After the
Hardware store
closed, Central
Maine Power
located their
offices here in the
mid-1900s.
For 50 years this
building was
home to the
headquarters of
Al Corey Music
Center.
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MCLELLAN’S DEPARMENT STORE
90-100 Main Street ~ Map #12
Built around 1930, this building was originally occupied by
McLellan’s Department Store. The five-and-ten cent
department store was a fixture on Waterville until the early
1980s. Offices
and studios
have occupied
the second
story. The
building
suffered a big fire in 1944,
after which the lower
storefronts were completely
modernized.
CVS Drug Store occupied the first floor of this building for many years
before moving to Kennedy Memorial Drive in 2006. It is currently being
used as retail space on the first floor.
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MONTGOMERY WARD DEPARTMENT STORE
81-85 Main Street ~ Map #11
This photo shows
Whitcomb & Cannon
Grocery store, which
was replaced by
Montgomery Ward
Department Store in
1938.
The architecture of
this building is
Colonial Revival and a
mansard roof was added in 1948. As evidenced by the above photo, the
building replaced the last concentration of wood buildings on Main
Street and was the last major commercial building erected on Main
Street prior to urban renewal projects in the 1960s.
The Sterns Department Store was located here for over 30 years. In the
early 1990s the building became the Waterville Regional Arts &
Community Center, when Colby College spearheaded an effort to save
and revitalize the building. It changed hands in 2015, purchased by
Waterville Creates! a
collaborative consortium
established to work
directly with community
arts, creative and
cultural institutions to
enhance and strengthen
the vitality of Waterville.
The upper floors house the City Council chambers and several business
offices, while the first floor is a mix of retail and office uses. In the late
1990s a glassed-in skywalk was added to the second floor to connect
the building with City Hall and the Opera House.
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THE EMERY BROWN BUILDING
80-86 Main Street ~ Map #13
The lavishly ornamented Emery Brown
building was designed by Miller and Mayor
Architects in 1912. It has cast stone pilasters
and enriched detailing with a keystone on
the arch. Emery Brown was a woman’s
department store, which carried Elizabeth
Arden beauty products. Miss Arden even
paid a courtesy call to this store one
summer in the 1940s.
Elizabeth Arden revolutionized cosmetics,
bringing a scientific approach to
formulations. She created a lipstick called Montezuma Red for the
women in the armed forces that matched the red on their uniforms. She
also created foundations that matched a person’s skin tone. Her “Total
Look” matched and coordinated eye, lip, cheek and fingernail colors.
Her Maine Chance Farm on Long Pond in Mount Vernon, Maine was an
exclusive resort and health spa catering to the rich and famous.
In 1913, Emery Brown Department
Store had to hire bilingual help to
service the growing French
population.
Building renovations in the early
1990s replaced the large glass store
front windows and double hung
windows on the upper floors.
Today the building is the
headquarters of Day’s Jewelers.
Their retail store is on the ground
floor with offices on the upper
floors.
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THE BARRELL BLOCK
72-76 Main Street ~ Map #14
The north half of the Barrell Block
was designed by Francis Fassett in
1850 in Greek Revival architecture
for Meader & Phillips who were
druggists. Charles Barrell purchased
the building and the lot to the south
in 1874 and hired architect Francis
Fassett to build a new structure and
join it to the existing brick store.
An Italianate style cornice unified
both structures but the upper floor
windows of the original building
were not changed.
It was formerly
Lincoln’s
Department
Store, Berry’s
Stationers, Red
Oak Sports,
Adams &
Worth and
most recently
Holy Cannoli &
Deli! and now
houses Napoli
Italian Market.
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THE COMMON
Castonguay Square at City Hall ~ Map #15
The Common was a key location on the course that
Benedict Arnold’s troops followed on their
expedition to Quebec in 1775. The troops carried
around Ticonic Falls and entered the Kennebec
again the area of The Common. The Daughters of
the American Revolution erected a boulder monument to this event in
1917.
Because of its central location, the Common
in the center of the city was a popular
meeting place. The adjacent photo shows a
fireman’s muster in 1855.
The arrival of the mills to Waterville
between 1860 and the early 1900s gave
the city a great business development
boost and many buildings in the center
of the city were improved. Notice the
“City Opera House” sign that was added to the Common.
The photo on the left shows people for the
opening celebration of the new pavement in
the center of the city in 1923. It also shows one
of the only elm trees still existing in the city
today.
“The Common” was renamed
Castonguay Square in 1921 for
the first soldier from Waterville to
be killed in action during World
War I. Arthur L. Castonguay was a
1st Sergeant in Company H of the
103rd infantry. He was wounded
at Xivary, France on June 16 and died on June 18, 1918.
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CITY HALL / OPERA HOUSE
1 Common Street ~ Map #16
The old East Meeting House was built in
1796. Until the early 1800s when Waterville
was incorporated, meetings were held
alternately on the east and west sides of
the river. Originally the building stood
facing the Common but was moved to face
Front Street after the new City Hall was built in 1901. With a new City
Hall, the old Meeting House served as the Waterville armory until it was
torn down in the early
1950s.
Added to the National
Historic Register in 1976,
this Colonial Revival style
building was designed by
George Adams. Construction
began in 1896 but wasn’t
completed until 1902 due to
a conflict with the architect
and citizens who challenged the city’s right to go into debt.
The Opera House, which is located in the
building, was used for productions,
musicals, and plays, and always for
inaugurations once Waterville became a
City in 1888. Due to the general decline in
interest in live theater during WWII, the Opera House was used as a
movie theater for many years, but since 1960 has returned to its original
mission of theatrical productions. People of note who have appeared on
the state include Marion Anderson in concert, Rudy Vallee, President
Herbert Hoover, and Tom Mix the cowboy hero and his horse, Tony,
who had to be lifted outside the building to the second floor
auditorium. The Opera House underwent a complete rehabilitation in
2012.
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THE HAINES BUILDING
10 Common Street ~ Map #17
The Haines Building was built in 1897 and
was originally four stories. Early occupants
included the post office, the Morning
Sentinel newspaper in 1904, offices on the
second floor, and the Odd Fellows
organization on the third and fourth floors.
William T. Haines, a lawyer, was the Governor of the State of Maine
from 1913-1915. Mr. Haines built more buildings than any other one
man and, at one point, was Waterville’s largest individual taxpayer.
Louis N. Violette, Sr.,
bought the building in
1942 while it was on fire.
At the time of the fire,
the tenant was Painter’s
Restaurant. After the fire,
the building lay vacant
until the end of the war (1945) when it was restored to two floors.
From 1945 to 1979, the building was home to
State Furniture, Picard Furniture, Northern
Mattress, and Up-Front Restaurant. Jill & Albert
Hodsdon have owned the building since 1979 and
it has
been
the
headquarters of A.E.
Hodsdon Engineers. The
building underwent an
extensive renovation in
2004-2005.
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THE MASONIC BLOCK
14 Common Street ~ Map #18
Architect E.E.
Lewis of
Gardiner,
Maine designed
The Masonic
Block in 1890,
and the
Masons moved
in on March 23,
1891. Its
Romanesque
Revival
Architecture is
evidenced by
the arched
windows on the
fourth floor, use of terra cotta panels with a rosette in the center, and
granite piers, which surround the first story storefronts. This
construction project culminated a series of major commercial blocks
built in Waterville in 1890-1891.
Originally, Waterville Trust and Safe Deposit Company and C.G.
Carleton, Esq., auctioneer,
occupied the ground floor. There
were offices on the 2nd floor and
the Masons occupied the 3rd and 4th
floors. The last bay on the right
used to be an open passageway,
which carriages could pass through
to deliver passengers to the
building. This area was enclosed in 1984 to accommodate the building
with an elevator to provide handicapped access. This building houses
The Proper Pig, a pub-style restaurant opening in June 2016 while upper
floors are primarily used for office space.
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THE GALLERT BLOCK
22 Common Street ~ Map #19
At one time this location had a wooden
building housing the studios of Simon
Wing. While in his teens, he was one of
the first to invent the daguerreotype, a
photograph made on a plate of
chemically treated metal or glass. He
was an innovative camera designer and
manufacturer of the box camera.
Wing came to Waterville from St. Albans, Maine in the early 1850s and
was the principal photographer from 1855 to 1862. He moved to Boston
and opened a series of shops from Waterville Maine to San Francisco,
California. In 1892, he ran for President of the United State on the
Social-Labor ticket, gathering 70,000 votes but no electoral votes, being
defeated by James A. Garfield.
In 1911, the wooden
building on this site
burned. This brick
replacement building was
completed for Gallert in
1913. The first occupant
was Simpson and
LaChance Shoe Store.
Today this building is
mainly used as
professional office space.
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THE KRUTZKY BLOCK
59 Main Street ~ Map #20
In 1911, a fire destroyed the old
wooden building on this site
(pictured left). A new brick building
was erected in 1912. Interesting
details include the upper floor
windows and the meeting of the
facades to incorporate the corner on
Common and Main Streets.
In the 1950’s there was
a smoke shop on the
ground floor. From the
late 1970s to late 1980s
this site was Michaud’s
Jewelers. Michaud
renovated the building
in 1976.
Today the building is
home to Larsen’s
Jewelry on the first
floor, and the upper
floors are apartments.
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THE CARLETON BUILDING
64 Main Street ~ Map #21
Mrs. C. G. Carleton had this brick building
built in 1889-1890 to replace an existing
wooden structure. The 1st floor was
DeOrsay Drug Store and the 2nd floor was
Preble Photo Studio. In 1903, the 3rd floor
was leased to Colby College. It was here
that the first Colby College sorority was
started. The sorority went on to become
a national sorority.
When Urban Renewal came to
Waterville, the plan was to raze this
building and make a walkway from the
Concourse to Main Street. However,
before the building could be razed, the merchants found that people
walked through the building to get to the other side. They like the foot
traffic and decided they did not need the walkway.
Kennebec
Federal Savings
& Loan bought
the building at
auction in 1972
and relocated
here in 1974.
They also
bought the H. R.
Dunham
building in the
1980s. The
bank, now
known simply as KFS, occupies both the H.R. Dunham building to the
south and the Carleton building to the north.
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THE H.R. DUNHAM BUILDING
64 Main Street ~ Map #22
Horatio Dunham graduated from Colby
in 1886 and, with George Dolloff,
opened Dolloff & Dunham in 1887. In
1897, it became the H.R. Dunham Co.
Mr. Dunham retired in 1912, and
ownership fell to William Brown who
started with Dunham in 1909.
Dunham’s produced their first
catalogue in 1932 – a penny postcard
featuring a Hathaway shirt, which they
had begun carrying on an exclusive
basis. In 1952, Dunham’s had earned
the title of “America’s No. 1 Hathaway
Shirt Store.” Also in 1932, Dunham’s
was gutted by fire and everything was lost. They were able to reopen in
six months because their reputation had earned them good credit. It
was the beginning of a mail order business that would stretch from
coast to coast.
Ron Brown, who had great marketing
insight, joined the family business. By
running ski trains from Waterville to
Rumford and starting the Colby ski
slope, he began a thriving business
with winter clothing and ski
equipment.
In 1951 Dunham’s acquired the
adjoining building. Ron retired and
sold to Hathaway executive Dick
Norton. It was bought in 1975 by
Robert Fairburn and closed in 1984 for good. This this building is home
to KFS.
29
Location on Map ~ Building ~ Page #
#1 Old Waterville Post Office (p. 6)
#2 Hanford Hotel (p. 7)
#3 C. W. Hussey Building (p. 8)
#4 Cyr Building (p. 9)
#5 Waterville Savings Bank Building (p. 10)
#6 Moor Building (p. 11)
#7 Henrickson Building (p. 12)
#8 Two Cent Bridge (pp. 13-14)
#9 Elden-Boutelle-Aronld Block (pp. 15-16)
#10 Hanson, Webber, Dunham Building (p. 17)
#11 Montgomery Ward Dept. Store (p. 19)
#12 McLellan’s Department Store (p. 18)
#13 Emery Brown Building (p. 20)
#14 Barrell Block (p. 21)
#15 The Common (Castonguay Square) (p. 22)
#16 City Hall (p. 23)
#17 Haines Building (p. 24)
#18 Masonic Block (p. 25)
#19 Gallert Block (p. 26)
#20 Krutzky Block (p. 27)
#21 Carleton Building (p. 28)
#22 H. R. Dunham Building (p. 29)
#23 Jackson Building (p. 32)
#24 Robinson-Davison Building (p. 33)
#25 Soper Block (p. 34)
#26 Plaisted Block (p. 35)
#27 Cluckey Block (p. 36)
#28 Miliken Block (p. 37)
#29 Federal Trust Building (p. 38)
#30 Ticonic Row (p. 39)
30
Location on Map ~ Building ~ Page #
#31 Levine Block (p. 42)
#32 Lombard Log Hauler (pp. 40 & 41)
#33 Lockwood Mills (p. 43)
#34 C.F. Hathaway Shirt Factory (pp. 44 & 45)
#35 Pray House (p. 46)
#36 Redington House (p. 47)
#37 Universalist-Unitarian Church (p. 48)
#38 Cyrus W. Davis Residence (p. 49)
#39 Lombard Residence (P. 50)
#40 Monument Square (p. 51)
#41 First Baptist Church (p. 52)
#42 Waterville Public Library (p. 53)
31
THE JACKSON COMPANY BUILDING
62 Main Street ~ Map #23
Originally the Jackson Company, this
building was built in the early 1900s in
Colonial Revival architecture. James
Jackson was a manager at H.R.
Dunham Co., before opening his own
men’ clothing store in 1912.
Dunham’s of Maine expanded into
Jackson Building in 1951.
The building looks much the same
today as it did when built, with the
main exception being that the large
decorative cornice supported on
brackets has been removed.
Today the building is the headquarters of
L. Tardif Jeweler.
32
THE ROBINSON-DAVISON BUILDING
58 Main Street ~ Map #24
Around 1911 Frank Robinson, a
grocer on Silver Street, and I.A.
Davison joined to build this building
at 58 Main Street for their grocery
business. When built, it was a fairly
progressive example of early 20th
century commercial design with its
large windows and metal grid-work
façade. This building was purchased
along with the Soper Block to create
one storefront.
At one time, the ground floor was
Butler’s Department Store. Today
the first floor is Saturn Business
Systems/Carbon Copy, a printing
shop and office supply company.
33
THE SOPER BLOCK
54-56 Main Street ~ Map #25
Fassett & Tompson designed The
Soper Block at 54-56 Main Street
in 1890 using richly ornamented
terra cotta and quarry-faced
stone trim. It was the first
building in Waterville to install an
elevator in 1901.
The building was home to the
L.H. Soper Company, which
specialized in dry and fancy
goods. They advertised that they
had a mail order system, elevator
service, and were Waterville’s
great retail center.
In the 1980’s the ground floor was part of Butler’s Department Store.
Today the first floor is Saturn
Business Systems/Carbon Copy – a
printing shop and office supply
company. The upper floors are
home to a number of small
businesses, including Blue Wave
Studio which offers classes in yoga
and ballroom dancing.
34
THE PLAISTED BLOCK
46-50 Main Street ~ Map #26
The original building on this site was
damaged by fire, so in 1883, J.H. Plaisted
hired Fassett & Stevens of Portland, a firm
currently working on the new Coburn
Classical Institute building, to design a new
block. The façade of the block was made
with pressed brick from Philadelphia with
gray sandstone trim and Romanesque
Revival curved arches above the second
story windows, topped with a decorative
brick cornice. Upon completion of the
building, Ingraham & Plaisted Druggists
moved into the north half and Nason of
Augusta, who specialized in “ready-Made”
clothes, moved into the south half.
In 1890 Plaisted extended the block north by
one-third. The local newspaper
complimented the mason for his ability to
match the new work with the
existing building. Harriman
Bros. Jewelers was the
occupant. In the early 1900s the
ground floor occupants
included the Central Drug Store
and Walker Clothing Company.
Presently, the ground floors are
occupied by several retail
businesses.
35
THE CLUCKEY BLOCK
Rancourt Block, 40-44 Main, Map #27
The original Cluckey
Block was built in 1890
and housed The Corner
Store Dry Goods
Company. Their
advertisements bragged
that they were the
largest and only
complete department
store in Central Maine.
They had five complete stores under one roof. They were a millinery
store, coat and suit store, dry goods store, clothing store, and boot and
shoe store.
Dr. Charles Rancourt purchased the building in 1934, and in 1936, there
was a spectacular fire. It was said that a homeless person got into the
building, was either smoking or lit a fire, fell asleep, and the building
was leveled. Being in the depths of the depression, the question to
rebuild was a hard one.
The Augusta, Maine
architectural firm of
Bunker & Savage was
hired and created this
rare example of Art
Deco architecture.
Renovated in 2000,
steel girders were
installed and, because
the fascia brick had separated from the main wall, the dryvit system was
used to restore the façade. This also allowed for the installation of
insulation in the walls. This building is home to a mix of retail and office
uses.
36
THE MILLIKEN BLOCK
Corner of Main & Silver Streets ~ Map #28
In 1866, the
Waterville
National Bank
purchased a
wooden building
on this site and
hired Architect
Moses Coburn
Foster, a
Waterville citizen,
to design a bank. The bank failed in 1879-1880. After the bank’s failure,
the building became known as the Milliken Block in honor of Dennis L.
Milliken, a prominent local citizen and banker of died in 1879.
O.J. Giguere bought the building in the early 1900s and the “G” lead
glass windows for Giguere’s Clothing are still present today. The building
went through several owners, and at one time Atkins Print Shop
occupied the premises, and later the Silver Street Tavern. The Midnight
Blues Club occupied the
building from 2005
through 2011, but the
building was returned
to the Giguere family in
early 2011 when
Charlie Giguere
purchased the building
and re-opened the
Silver Street Tavern.
This Italianate-style
building has cast iron posts, granite lintels and pronounced arches over
the windows, all of which were typical for the time in the United States.
Also of note are the decorative cornice on the building top and the
bracketed cornice at the roofline.
37
FEDERAL TRUST COMPANY
25-33 Main Street ~ Map #29
The Federal Trust
Company was founded
in 1923. The original
Federal Trust Building
was built in 1926 in
traditional style
adorned with
“Moderne”
architectural motifs
that were popular for
Federal government
buildings.
Much of the original
ornamentation, including the
ornate door and decorative
spandrels beneath the 2nd and
3rd floor windows, was replaced
when the building was
expanded by two thirds to the
south. The middle building was
J. Peavey & Bro’s, built in 1874.
The southernmost building was
built for Pomerleau.
The original building has always
been a bank but has undergone
several name changes over the
decades, including Fleet Bank,
Bank of America & Camden
National Bank. Elm City Tobacco
and Atherton’s Furniture have
previously occupied the
southern building.
38
TICONIC ROW
8-22 Main Street ~ Map #30
Originally built in 1836 in Greek
Revival style architecture, this
set of buildings underwent
major renovations in 1924 when
the gable roof and dormers
were replaced to add a fourth
story. Each building bears a
granite tablet of the person
responsible for the renovations.
They were Sarah Levine, where
the original Levine’s Clothing Store
began, Tozier-Dow, Abraham
Joseph and Gabrielle Pomerleau.
These names reflect the change in
ethnic composition of Waterville by
the early 1900s.
These buildings were recently
purchased by Colby College and plans are underway to revitalize and
restore the buildings.
39
LOMBARD LOG HAULER MUSEUM
Corner of Spring and Front Streets ~ Map #32
The Lombard steam log
hauler was the original
crawler type overland
tractor. It had crawler
treads and skids in front
for steering. It required
4 men (and engineer,
fireman, pilot or
steersman, and
conductor) to operate it.
In 1901, Alvin Lombard (1856-1937) was granted a patent on the track,
which would give wheels traction in the snow, and in that year he built
the first power log hauler at the Waterville Iron Works in Waterville,
Maine. This type of track was the ancestor of all crawler type tracks
such as military tanks, bulldozers, tractors, etc. The first log haulers
were steered by horses. This steam crawler-tractor emancipated horses
from the killing work of hauling trains of sleds over iced roads in the
winter woods of the United States and Canada. Later, a steersman sat
on the front of the sled, guiding the hauler by a large iron wheel that
turned the runners. They had no brakes.
The log
haulers
operated
best on the
roads
formerly
used by
horses. The
machine
could haul 300 tons. The logs were hauled on sleds in trains of four to
ten sleds. Their speed was 4 or 5 miles per hour and 20 miles per hour
downhill. The haulers weight from 10 to 30 tons.
40
Eighty-three Lombard steam log haulers were known to have been built
up to 1917 when production switched entirely to internal combustion
engine powered machines, ending with a Fairbanks diesel powered unit
in 1934. The steam log haulers were mostly used in Maine and New
Hampshire but three went to Russia, and one each to Wisconsin and
Michigan.
In 1911 or 1912, the
Lombard Traction
Engine Company
developed a
gasoline log hauler.
This had a 6-cylinder
engine rated at 100horse power. The
gasoline log hauler
was patterned after the steam hauler in all important details except for
the power source, which eliminated the huge steam boiler and reduced
the size considerable. This made it more maneuverable and faster. It
was also lower in initial cost, could be driven by one man, and had
brakes. However, it
did not have the
power that he steam
log hauler had. In
1934, Lombard built a
diesel engine hauler
but trucks came into
sue about that time,
so the new hauler was
obsolete from the
beginning.
The steam log haulers had an advantage over horses and oxen that that
they could tow many more two-sleds than any team.
41
THE LEVINE BLOCK
9-11 and 13-19 Main Street ~ Map #31
The Levine Company was founded by
William Levine, a Polish immigrant
who came to the United States in
1884 at the age of 18. He sold clothing
door-to-door in New York City before
coming to Maine by rail. Here he
peddled clothing from a horse and
wagon. His store hop-scotched around
Waterville, finally setting in a wooden
building on the west side at the south
end of Main Street in 1891.
A taller building on the east side of
Main Street was built in 1910 and the
business moved across the street into that portion of this block.
The smaller building to the south, built in the mid-19th century, was a
two-story brick store. In the late 1800s, a third floor was added when
the building was converted from a grocery store to a small restaurant
and saloon. During the 1920s, Levine’s clothing expanded into this
building.
William Levine and his
descendants operated
Levine’s clothing for men
and bots until it closed in
1996 after 105 years of
operation. Being Colby
graduates, Pacy and Ludy
Levine had a “Colby Corner”
in the basement of the
store, which sold official Colby clothing. This building has been recently
purchased by Colby College and plans are underway for its use in the
revitalization efforts of downtown Waterville.
42
LOCKWOOD MILLS
1 Water Street ~ Map #33
In 1875, the Honorable R. B. Dunn
and A.D. Lockwood and their
friends established the Lockwood
Cotton Mill, the first big factory to
come to Waterville. It was also
the first major industry to attract
Franco-Americans to Waterville.
Bricks for the first Lockwood Mill were made at a brick factory in
Winslow just below the Ticonic Bridge. The second Lockwood Mill was
completed in 1881.
Disaster struck the entire cotton industry in New England in the 1950s.
Workers struck during a labor dispute, resulting in the mill’s closure. The
products of the Lockwood consisted of their celebrated Lockwood
Cotton sheetings. They used about 14,000 bales or 7,000,000 pounds of
cotton annually to make nearly 17,000,000 yards of cloth.
The remaining Lockwood Mill building on Water Street is slated to be
included in one of the larges historic restoration in the state’s history.
This project will include the former Lockwood Mill, C.F. Hathaway Shirt
Factory and the former Central Maine Power offices.
43
C.F. HATHAWAY SHIRT FACTORY
10 Water Street ~ Map #34
In 1849, C.F. Hathaway, established
by Charles F. Hathaway, started
making shirts in Waterville, They
supplied shirts for Union soldiers in
the Civil War. Their original location
was on Appleton Street.
Ellerton Jette and
Charles McCarthy
purchased the
company in 1932. They
hired David Oglivy’s
Madison Avenue
advertising agency in
1951 to come up with a
new advertising campaign. He ran through 18 copy ideas for Hathaway’s
inaugural campaign before striking
on Baron Wrangell, “The Man in
the Hathaway Shirt.” This
campaign with this mysterious
character had “story appeal” as
peopled wondered, “why the eyepatch?” It ran exclusively in the
New Yorker and was a wild
success. Hathaway’s revenues
tripled within a couple of years.
The campaign became an
advertising legend. Jette sold the
company to Warnaco, Inc. in 1960
but stayed on as chairman of the
board until 1965.
44
In 1966, Warnaco sold to a group of
investors that included former
Governor of Maine John McKernan.
Federal and state governments
loaned the city $1.5 million to buy the
shirt factory and to maintain
manufacturing at the facility.
Hathaway returned to its beginnings
with a traditional gentleman’s shirt
with more ample dimensions, up-todate fabrics, single-needle
construction, three-eye buttons and
an “H” embroidered on the tail.
McKernan’s group eventually folded
and Hathaway closed in 2002, leaving
235 workers unemployed. Waterville’s Hathaway Shirt Factory was the
oldest remaining shirt factory in the U.S.A.
Rhode Island developer and Colby graduate, Paul Boghossian, in
partnership with his business partner, Tom Niemann, purchased the
property in December of 2006. Anchored by MaineGeneral Health, The
Hathaway begins its third life as beautifully rehabbed offices,
apartments, creative, retail and recreational spaces.
45
ROBERT W. PRAY RESIDENCE
74 Silver Street ~ Map #35
Known as the
Pray Residence,
this building was
built before the
Civil War for
Robert W. Pray
and Hannah
Rockwood Pray.
It is one of the
oldest buildings
on the Waterville
tax maps.
Standing out are the white pillars on two dies that support an open
porch, a good place to watch parades down Silver Street. The glassed-in
observation cupola projecting from the center of the roof has been
closed in. Was it decorative or functional? Perhaps they were interested
in astronomy or watching ships and boats on the river.
A daughter, Emma Pray, had a millinery shop on Main Street. When she
died in 1936, she bequeathed the family house to the First Universalist
Church of Waterville for use as a parsonage. It was given in loving
memory of her parents Robert W. and Hannah G. Pray.
Legend has it that this house was a stop on the Underground Railroad
for escaping slaves because of its proximity to the Kennebec River. Mr.
Pray was born in 1810 and died in 1880, so it could very well be.
There is also a cistern in the basement. The present owner was told that
the minister’s wife liked to play the violin while sitting nude in the
cistern.
46
REDINGTON HOUSE
Waterville Historical Society ~ 62 Silver Street ~ Map #36
Waterville Pioneer settler
Asa Redington, a veteran
of three enlistments in the
Revolutionary War and a
member of George
Washington’s elite Honor
Guard, built the Federalstyle Redington Home in
1814 for his son, William. Three generations of Redingtons resided in
the house until 1924 when Mrs. William Redington, whose husband was
born in the house, donated the property to the Waterville Historical
Society.
The house boasts hewn timbers, (all hand pegged), a spiral staircase,
fireplaces with period woodwork, and floors of pumpkin pine. Added to
the National Historic Register in 1978, the property is the headquarters
of the Waterville Historical Society and houses the Redington Museum,
which is open to the public.
In 1976, a replica apothecary building was erected to house the
extraordinary collections of pharmaceutical antiques donated to the
Society by Reginald LaVerdiere.
47
UNIVERSALIST-UNITARIAN CHURCH
Corner of Elm & Silver Streets ~ Map #37
In 1802, Universalism was brought
to Waterville, where the
denomination flourished. In 1826,
a congregation was organized, and
in 1833, this church was completed
at the cost of $4,200. The clock was
purchased for $300. The original
church faced Silver Street (East).
After a fire in 1894, they moved
the structure onto a foundation
and turned the building to face
south.
In 1833, the town hired a person to
ring the bell of the church three times a day for one year at a cost not to
exceed $30. In another arrangement, the town would care for the land
in front of the church
in return for use of
this land as a park.
Members erected a
beautiful Meeting
House and won a
prominent and
influential
membership.
Although the
organization of the
Unitarian Church in 1863 practically divided the constituency, it retained
the loyalty of many prominent families.
It was entered in to the National Historic Register in 1978 and is noted
for its Federal-Gothic Revival, architecture.
48
HON. CYRUS W. DAVIS RESIDENCE
8 Elm Street ~ Map #38
The Honorable Cyrus W.
Davis located in Waterville
in 1880. He ran the firm of
Davis & Smith, an
investment and
corporation business. In
1904 he founded and was
the principal owner of the
Waterville Sentinel, one of
Maine’s leading Democratic
dailies and made no secret
of his political interests and ambitions.
Mayor when he
started the paper,
Davis went on to
become
Waterville’s
representative to
the legislature,
made an
unsuccessful bid
for governor, and
eventually
became Secretary
of State.
During the 1930s the residence was Kappa Delta Rho fraternity house
for Colby College. Purchased in 1944 by Gustave Veilleux, the building
was converted to house Veilleux Funeral Home.
49
THE LOMBARD HOUSE
65 Elm Street ~ Map #39
This house has two claims to fame. First, it stands as a monument to the
city’s world famous inventive genius, Alvin O. Lombard.
Second, there is a mysterious room in the basement. Directly behind the
furnace there is a secret door in the wall. Behind the door was another
room camouflaged to look like a storeroom. Could it have been used for
secret invention data or a private laboratory? In 1964, Waterville Urban
Renewal Authority acquired part of the property to make way for the
Appleton Street extension. The section that housed the secret room was
demolished but the basement door leading to it remains today.
This house, an example of a shingle style dwelling, was built for
Lombard in1908 with three marble fireplaces, ornate woodwork that
reflects excellent craftsmanship, a slate roof, and a large basement with
a 10 foot ceiling. This beautiful dwelling remained in the Lombard family
until 1964 when the Waterville Urban Renewal Authority claimed it. The
interior was remodeled for apartments in the 1940s.
Lombard was at the forefront of the lumber industry with his patented
inventions. His most noted was the steam log hauler, which
revolutionized lumbering. His invention was the forerunner of the Army
tank used so successfully in World War I.
He also invented a bark stripper, a knot separator, a pulp crusher, and
the first person seen in Waterville to be driving a steam driven
automobile. He considered his finest invention, a turbine water wheel
control.
50
MONUMENT SQUARE
Veterans Memorial Park ~ Corner of Elm & Park Streets ~ Map #40
The old cemetery on Elm
Street, originally a cemetery
for veterans of the
American Revolution,
closed in 1855, and by 1868
most of the bodies had
been removed to Pine
Grove Cemetery in Waterville’s south end. Waterville Pioneer &
Revolutionary War veteran, Asa Redington, who died in 1845, is
rumored to still be buried on Elm Street, however. Local legend claims
that Redington, Like Shakespeare, put a curse on anyone who moved his
body. A large monument in his memory can be found in Pine Grove
Cemetery. In 1869, the site of the old City cemetery was converted into
a park and a soldiers’ monument was erected. It was known as
Monument Square.
In 1851, former Maine Governor Abner Coburn donated buildings
(where the current Elm Towers in now
located) for an institute. It was known
as Coburn Classical Institute, a college
preparatory school that enrolled
students from all over the country. The
adjacent park became known as
Coburn Park. The school burned down
in February 23, 1955.
In 1998, at the request of Members of the
Bourque Lanigan American Legion Post 5 of
Waterville, the City Council voted to rename
the site to commemorate the area’s war
veterans. In 1995, the park was formally
dedicated as Veterans Memorial Park.
51
FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH
Corner of Elm and Park Streets ~ Map #41
Rev. Jeremiah Chaplin, the first
president of Colby College, formed
this church in 1818. Because it was
illegal for a religious group to own
property, an organization of pew
holders was formed. By selling
pews they raised money and the
Meeting House was erected in
1826. It served the church, college,
and city for large assemblies and
union meetings. It is the oldest
public building and was the first
church to be built in Waterville.
The architecture is Late Victorian Classical Revival, and the church was
added to the National Historic Register in 1976.
It was here that Samuel Francis
Smith was ordained and preached
from 1832 to 1842. While a
student at Andover Theological
Seminary, a friend asked him to
translate a German poem for him.
He liked the music (God Save the
King) that had been set to that
poem so much he wrote new
English words and this became the
national patriotic hymn,
“America”. He also wrote the
hymns “The Morning Light is
Breaking” and “Rock of Ages”.
52
WATERVILLE PUBLIC LIBRARY
73 Elm Street ~ Map #42
Waterville benefited
from the generosity of
Andrew Carnegie who
in 1902 donated
$20,000 for a free
public library. There
was a condition that
“the City of Waterville
should provide the site and the sum of $2,000 annually for the library’s
upkeep.”
The architectural style is
Richardsonian Romanesque,
created by Henry Richardson in
the late 19th century.
Characteristics include a Norman
Tower, dramatic semicircular
arches, a rugged appearance,
granite and copper materials, and Flemish bond brick work (alternate
long and short sides of brick).
This building typifies this style with its rounded arches distinctive
roofline and fancy stonework. The building was renovated in 1960 after
a fire. The 1976 addition has bigger windows and no granite, but its
horizontal lines blend with those of the original building.
In 2011, the library completed a
multi-million dollar rehabilitation
project that included the creation
of a new entrance to face the
Concourse parking lot, the
installation of an elevator, and
significant interior renovations.
53
NOTES
54
ADVERTISERS
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ADVERTISERS
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ADVERTISERS
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ADVERTISERS
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ADVERTISERS
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COPIES OF THIS PUBLICATION ARE AVAILABLE AT:
WATERIVLLE CITY HALL
1 Common Street, Waterville ME 04901
Tel: (207) 680-4200
[email protected]
WATERVILLE PUBLIC LIBRARY
73 Elm Street, Waterville ME 04901
Tel: (207) 872-5433
[email protected]
MID-MAINE CHAMBER OF COMMERCE
50 Elm Street, Waterville, ME 04901
Tel: (207) 873-3315
[email protected]
WATERIVLLE MAIN STREET
44 Main Street, Suite 202, Waterville, ME 04901
Tel: (207) 680-2055
[email protected]
WATERVILLE HISTORICAL SOCIETY
64 Silver Street, Waterville, ME 04901
Tel: (207) 872-6492
[email protected]
WATERVILLE MAIN STREET
44 MAIN STREET, SUITE 202
WATERVILLE, ME 04901
(207) 680-2055
WWW.WATERVILLEMAINSTREET.ORG
This publication is a project of the Waterville Main Street Design Committee and was
spearheaded by committee member Jill Hodsdon.
60