Book of abstract 2015 final - Prospects for the Third Millennium

Transcription

IMPRESSUM
Published by
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca
Editor in chief
Prof. dr. Carmen SOCACIU
Printed by
AcademicPres (EAP),
3-5 Manastur Street, Cluj-Napoca, 400372
Romania
Web page
http://symposium.usamvcluj.ro
14th International Symposium”Prospects for the 3rd Millennium Agriculture”
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IMPRESSUM
in collaboration with
University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, BOKU (Austria)
University of Liege (Belgium)
EuCheMS – Division of Food Chemistry
under the patronage of Romanian
Ministry of National Education
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development
Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences
Romanian Academy
Organize
THE 14th INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM
“PROSPECTS FOR THE 3rd MILLENNIUM AGRICULTURE”
24th – 26th of September 2015
Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Thanks to our sponsors
Christian Hansen
S. C. MUSO S.R.L.
BRD Societe Generale
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LOCAL ORGANISING COMMITTEE
Prof. dr. Doru PAMFIL
Prof. dr. Liviu Al. MĂRGHITAS
Prof. dr. Carmen SOCACIU
Assoc. prof. dr. Andrei MIHALCA
Prof. dr. Ioana POP
Prof. dr. Ioan ROTAR
Prof. dr. Roxana VIDICAN
Assoc. prof. dr. Antonia ODAGIU
Prof. dr. Radu SESTRAŞ
Prof. dr. Viorel MITRE
Assoc. prof. dr. Ionel Mugurel JITEA
Prof. dr. Vioara MIREŞAN
Prof. dr. Augustin VLAIC
Assoc. prof. dr. Viorica COȘIER
Prof. dr. Cornel CĂTOI
Prof. dr. Adela PINTEA
Prof. dr. Sevastita MUSTE
Assoc. prof. dr. Elena MUDURA
Faculty of Agriculture
Lect. dr. Tania MIHĂIESCU
Assoc. prof. dr. Laura PAULETTE
Lect. dr. Florin PĂCURAR
Faculty de Horticulture
Lect. dr. Erzsebet BUTA
Assoc. prof. dr. Claudiu BUNEA
Asist. dr. Cristian SISEA
Lect. dr. Adriana SESTRAȘ
Lect. dr. Horea VLASIN
Assoc. prof. dr. Diana DUMITRAŞ
Lect. dr. Vasile SIMU
Lect. dr. Tudor SĂLĂGEAN
Faculty of Animal Science and
Biotechnology
Assoc. prof. dr. Daniel DEZMIREAN
Lect. dr. Camelia RĂDUCU
Lect. dr. Anamaria VÂTCĂ
Lect. dr. Mihai BENŢEA
Lect. dr. Radu CONSTANTINESCU
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Lect. dr. Silvana POPESCU
Assoc. Prof. dr. Nicodim FIŢ
Lect. dr. Sevastre BOGDAN
Assoc. prof. dr. Călin GHERMAN
Faculty of Food Science and Technology
Lect. dr. Crina MUREȘAN
Assoc. prof. dr. Adriana PĂUCEAN
Assoc. prof. dr. Ramona SUHAROSCHI
Assoc. prof. dr. Dorin ŢIBULCĂ
Asist. dr. Teodora Emilia COLDEA
Conference Secretary
Dr. Dorottya DOMOKOS
Sorina DÂRJAN
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WELCOME MESSAGE
We are pleased to welcome you at the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
Medicine from Cluj-Napoca, Romania to share our scientific performance and progress during
this special scientific event.
The University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine from Cluj-Napoca, recently
classified in the first category of “advanced research” universities of Romania, place also
confirmed by the European University Association (EUA). The University becomes nowadays
one of the most prestigious academic institutions from Romania.
The 14th International Symposium "Prospects for the 3rd Millennium Agriculture”, is a dynamic
forum of exchanges for scientific experiences, innovative ideas and concepts, future prospects in
agriculture, plant and animal science, food science and technology, biotechnology, veterinary
medicine, as well in other interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary areas.
The 14th International Symposium "Prospects for the 3rd Millennium Agriculture” includes
invited conferences, presented by known international and national personalities, oral and poster
presentations, as well round tables and exhibitions, where recent advanced scientific and technical
results can be seen, especially now, in the context of the new European Research Program
“Horizon 2020” and of the national Research – Technological Development and Innovation
Program, related to Life Sciences.
The symposium program will consist of ten main sections:
1. Agriculture
2. Environmental Protection and Sustainable Development
3. Food Science and Technology
4. Horticulture and Forestry
5. Economics and Rural Development
6. Animal Science
7. Biotechnology
8. Veterinary Medicine - Fundamental and preclinical sciences
9. Veterinary Medicine - Clinical sciences
10. Land Measurement, Natural and Humanistic Sciences
The participants registered to our symposium have the opportunity not only to present their
results, published as summary in the “Book of Abstracts” but also to publish in extenso their
contributions. The oral presentations, after a previous peer review process, can be published in the
journal Bulletin of UASVM-CN nr. 72(2)/2015 – Agriculture, Horticulture, Animal ScienceBiotehnology, Veterinary Medicine and Food Science and Technology.
This proceedings’ “Book of Abstracts” contain 584 abstracts submitted by participants from
different countries. We wish to thank all participants and organizers for making this meeting
possible. We do hope that you will find during the 14th International Symposium an interesting
program and a great opportunity to interact with colleagues and friends from Romania.
With best wishes,
Prof. dr. Doru PAMFIL, Rector
Prof. dr. Carmen SOCACIU, Vice-rector for Research
14th International Symposium “Prospects for the 3rd Millennium Agriculture”
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ANNOTATION
The abstracts and contact information are submitted by the main authors.
Each author explicitly confirms that the abstract meets the ethical standards for authors
and coauthors.
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SYMPOSIUM PROGRAM
Wednesday, 23rd of September 2015
14:00 - 16:30
Doctor Honoris Causa Award Ceremony
• Prof. dr. Shimon Harrus, Israel
• Prof. dr. Klaus Schaller, Germany
17:00 - 19:00
Registration of participants
19:00 - 22:00
Aula Magna “Mihai
Serban”, USAMV ClujNapoca
Hall of Aula Magna
“Mihai Serban”,
USAMV Cluj-Napoca
Welcome Party
th
Thursday, 24 of September 2015
8:00 - 15:00
9:00 - 9:15
9:15 - 10:30
9:15 - 9:40
9:40 - 10:05
10:05 - 10:30
10:30 - 11:00
11:00 - 11:50
11:00 - 11:25
11:25 - 11:50
12:00 - 14:30
14:30 - 19:00
14:30 - 19:00
20:00 - 21:30
Registration of participants
Hall of Aula Magna
“Mihai Serban”,
USAMV Cluj-Napoca
Opening ceremony
Rector, Prof. Dr. D. Pamfil
Aula Magna “Mihai
Representatives of Ministries, Academy and
Serban”
local authorities
1st Plenary Session (Aula Magna “Mihai Serban”)
Chairmen: Prof. dr. Carmen Socaciu, Prof. Dr. Shimon Harrus, Prof. Dr. Klaus Schaller
Bartonellosis in pets, rodents and humans
Israel
Prof. Dr. Shimon Harrus
Types of Linkages of different cations in
grapevine berries of some important varieties of
Germany
Vitis vinifera used for winemaking
Prof. Dr. Klaus Schaller
Role of forage legumes in intensive dairy farming
systems
Belgium
Dr. Alex De Vliegher
Coffee break
2nd Plenary Session (Aula Magna “Mihai Serban”)
Chairmen: Dr. Alex De Vliegher, Prof. dr. Jaime Prohens
Use of wild relatives for increasing the genetic
base and adaptation to climate change of eggplant
Prof. dr. Jaime Prohens
Landscape genetic approaches to climate change
adaptation in Agriculture
Prof. dr. Brufford Michael
Spain
United Kingdom
Lunch ( Biodiversity Institute or Agronomia Restaurant)
Oral Sessions ( sections I-X)
Hall of Institute of Life
Poster Display
Sciences
Dinner (Agronomia restaurant)
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Friday, 25th of September 2015
09:00 - 11:00
09:00 - 11:00
Poster Display
11:00 - 11:30
Coffee break
11:30 – 13:00
13.00 - 15:00
Lunch (Agronomia restaurant)
Poster presentations ( sections I-X)
15:00 - 17:00
14:30 - 16:00
19:00 - 24:00
Round tables organized by Faculty of Veterinary
Medicine
Banquet (tbe)
Sciences
Poster viewing (Hall of
Institute of Life
Sciences)
Sciences
Council Room and
Clinic of reproduction
Saturday, 26th of September 2015
08:00 - 21:00
Transylvania tour – optional (35 EURO)
Visit of Alba Iulia, Sibiu (details in www.romaniatourism.com/sibiu.html)
and Saline Turda (http://www.salinaturda.eu).
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LIST OF ABSTRACTS
ORAL PRESENTATIONS ................................................................................................................. 53
SECTION 1: AGRICULTURE
ZOO-VETERINARY BIODIVERSITY IN THE CONTEXT OF ECO-BIO-GEO-ECONOMIC
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT FOR THE
TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY, CONSIDERING THE THIRD MILLENNIUM PROSPECTS
A.T.BOGDAN Dorina Maria BOGDAN1, Ștefan MANTEA2, Iudith IPATE1, Amalia-Gianina
STRĂTEANU1, Dana COMȘA1, G.F. TOBĂ1, Diana PITIC, M.Th. PARASCHIVESCU1, C.
HIDEG, Mariana TRANDAFIR, Mariana PIPIRIGEANU1........................................................ 54
ROLE OF FORAGE LEGUMES IN INTENSIVE DAIRY FARMING SYSTEMS
Alex DE VLIEGHER................................................................................................................... 55
CONTRIBUTION REGARDING USING SHEEP WOOL IN CROP ENHANCEMENT
Maria ADI, Ioan PĂCURAR ....................................................................................................... 56
MAKING AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION MORE ETHICAL BY DOING LESS
Stef AERTS1,2 .............................................................................................................................. 57
RESEARCH REGARDING THE INFLUENCE OF DRYING AGENT'S SPEED AND
TEMPERATURE ON THE WORK PROCESS OF CORN DEHYDRATION
Vlad-Nicolae ARSENOAIA, Ioan ȚENU, Radu ROȘCA, Petru CÂRLESCU and Cezara
ZĂPODEANU* ........................................................................................................................... 58
APPLYING THE NEW METHODOLOGY FOR DETERMINING THE SUITABILITY OF
LAND FOR FRUIT PRODUCTION
Stefan BAKOS1,2, Marilena MĂRGHITAŞ2 .............................................................................. 59
USE OF SEX PHEROMONES IN MONITORING OF TUTA ABSOLUTA SPECIES
Raul BĂEȚAN1*, Stefania TÖTÖS2, Ion OLTEAN1, Teodora FLORIAN1 ................................ 60
INFLUENCE OF ABIOTIC RISK FACTORS ON PARENTAL FORMS IN SOME
REGISTERED CORN HYBRIDS
Claudiu Gabriel BĂLAŞ-BACONSCHI1*, Ioan HAŞ1,2, Ana COPÂNDEAN2 .......................... 61
STUDY OF DYNAMICS SPAD AND NDVI VALUES OF POTATO PLANTS ACCORDING
TO THE DIFFERENTIATED FERTILIZATION
Nina BĂRĂSCU1,2, Marcel M. DUDA1 , Gheorghe OLTEANU2 ............................................. 62
CONTRIBUTION OF ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZA TO PRODUCTIVITY OF BARLEY
ON CONTRASTING CROPPING SYSTEMS, IN CENTRAL GREECE
Dimitrios BESLEMES1, Evangelia TIGKA1, Dimitrios VLACHOSTERGIOS1 and Dimitrios
BILALIS2* ................................................................................................................................... 63
QUALITY FEATURES ANALYSIS OF AN ASSORTMENT OF WINTER WHEAT
GENOTYPES TESTED AT A.R.D.S. TURDA, IN THE YEAR OF 2014
Camelia CAZACU (URDĂ)1,2, Rozalia KADAR2, Marcel M. DUDA1 ..................................... 64
ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF PARSLEY (PETROSELINUM
CRISPUM), DILL (ANETHUM GRAVEOLENS) AND LOVAGE (LEVISTICUM OFFICINALE)
Giorgiana Mihaela CĂTUNESCU1, Ioan ROTAR2, Roxana VIDICAN2*, Ancuta M. ROTAR3*,
Mircea MUNTEAN1, Ovidiu MARIAN1 and Florina BUNGHEZ3 ............................................ 65
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RESEARCH REGARDING THE INFLUENCE WEED CONTROL TREATMENTS ON
PRODUCTION AND QUALITATIVE INDICATORS SOYBEAN CULTIVATED IN
MINIMUM TILLAGE SYSTEM
Cornel CHEŢAN1,2*, Teodor RUSU2, Felicia, CHEŢAN1,2 ,Alina ŞIMON1,2 ............................. 66
SOY CULTURE IN MINIMUM TILLAGE AND THE INFLUENCE ON SOIL ATTRIBUTES,
ARDS TURDA, 2005-2014
Felicia CHEŢAN1,2*, Cornel CHEŢAN1,2, Teodor RUSU2 şi Alina ŞIMON1,2 ........................... 67
CHANGES IN PHYTO-DIVERSITY ON FESTUCA RUBRA L. –AGROSTIS CAPILLARIS L.
GRASSLANDS
Mirela CIREBEA1*, Ioan ROTAR1, Roxana VIDICAN1, Florin PĂCURAR1, Anca PLEŞA1 and
Ovidiu RANTA2........................................................................................................................... 68
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY IN SOME ROMANIAN GARLIC (ALLIUM SATIVUM L.)
LANDRACES
Mihaela CORNEANU 1 and Cristina BĂBEANU2*.................................................................... 69
THE INFLUENCE OF NOZZLE TYPE ON THE COVERAGE DEGREE WHEN
PERFORMING PHYTOSANITARY TREATMENTS
Ioan DROCAȘ, Ovidiu MARIAN*, Adrian MOLNAR, Mircea MUNTEAN............................ 70
RESEARCH CONCERNING THE ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF FOUR SPECIES OF
MEDICINAL PLANTS GROWN IN THE WESTERN PART OF TRANSYLVANIAN PLAINE
Simona DUDA, Liviu Al. MĂRGHITAŞ, Dan DEZMIREAN and Otilia BOBIŞ*.................... 71
EXPRESSION OF GENES WHICH WORKS ON SALT-NITRIC OXIDE AND SALTABSCISIC ACID INTERACTIONS ON WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) SEEDLINGS
AND ANTIOXIDANT ENZYME ACTIVITY
Nuray ERGUN* and Ozge TEMIZKAN ...................................................................................... 72
PHYSIOLOGICAL REACTIONS OF SUNFLOWER PLANTS TO DIFFERENT SPECIES OF
SELENIUM
Farzaneh GAROUSI1*, Béla KOVÁCS2, Éva BÓDI1, Szilvia VÁRALLYAY1 and Szilvia
VERES2 ........................................................................................................................................ 73
INCREASING BIOACTIVE SUBSTANCES OF LAVANDULA ANGUSTIFOLIA GROWN IN
HYDROPONIC SYSTEMS, THROUGH SUPPLIMENTAL LIGHTING (LED)
Radu Mircea GIURGIU1, Gavril MORAR1, Adelina DUMITRAȘ1, Gabriela VLĂSCEANU3,
Alina DUNE3, Nico DOMURATH4, Fritz-Gerald SCHRÖDER2* .............................................. 74
EVALUATION OF PLANT GROWTH STIMULATION POTENTIAL OF SELECTED
BACTERIAL STRAINS AND THEIR BIOCONTROL ACTIVITY AGAINST FUSARIUM
SPP.
Iulian GROSU, Oana SICUIA, Andreea DOBRE, Catalina VOAIDES, Petruta CORNEA ...... 75
CLASSIFICATION OF LAND AND CROPS BASED ON SATELLITE IMAGES LANDSAT8:
CASE STUDY SD TIMISOARA
Mihai HERBEI1, Florin SALA2* .................................................................................................. 76
RESEARCH ON THE CHANGED OPERATING PARAMETERS DURING OPERATION
MMAT 110-03 AND IDK 120-04 NOZZLES
Ovidiu MARIAN, Ioan DROCAȘ*, Adrian MOLNAR, Mircea MUNTEAN, Ovidiu RANTA77
TESTING SOME FUNGICIDES FOR THE COMBAT OF POTATO MILDEW IN THE
PEDOCLIMATIC CONDITIONS IN SEINI TOWN
Lucia MIHĂLESCU1*, Zorica VOŞGAN1, Oana MARE ROSCA1, Monica MARIAN1, Stela
JELEA1, Anca DUMUŢA1, Aurel MAXIM2, Mirela CORDEA2 ................................................ 78
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ATTACK BY THE FUNGUS PODOSPHAERA LEUCOTRICHA ELL ET EV IN CLIMATIC
CONDITIONS FROM TIMISOARA DURING THE YEARS 2007 - 2011
Levente Ştefan MOLNAR1, Ramona ŞTEF 1, Alin Flavius CĂRĂBEŢ1, Ioana GROZEA1, AnaMaria VÎRTEIU 1, Veaceslav MAZĂRE2 ................................................................................... 79
THE EFFECT OF SALINITY STRESS ON SEED GERMINATION OF RED CLOVER
(TRIFOLIUM PRATENSE L.) AND ALFALFA (MEDICAGO SATIVA L.) SEELINGS
Monica NISTE1, Rodica POP2, V. STOIAN1, Ioana BERINDEAN1, Adriana CRISTE3, Roxana
VIDICAN1* .................................................................................................................................. 80
THE RELATION BETWEEN SOIL QUALITY AND LAND USE IN A AGRO-PASTORAL
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN MURES VALLEY
Claudia Ioana OARĂ1*, Nicolae MOLDOVAN1, Ioan PĂCURAR1, Ștefan BILAȘCO2 and
Horea CACOVEAN3 ................................................................................................................... 81
USE OF SEMIOCHEMICAL PRODUCTS IN MONITORING AND CONTROL OF
EPICOMETIS HIRTA SPECIES
Ion OLTEAN 1, Laura MACAVEI1, Iuliana VASIAN2, Stefania TÖTÖS2, Mircea VARGA1 and
Teodora FLORIAN 1* .................................................................................................................. 82
THE EFFECTS OF ORGANIC FERTILIZERS ON THE QALITY AND PRODUCTIVITY OF
MOUNTAIN GRASSLANDS
Florin PĂCURAR*, Ioan ROTAR, Roxana VIDICAN, Anca BOGDAN, Ágnes BALÁZSI,
Adrian GLIGA ............................................................................................................................. 83
TESTING THE EFFECT OF SULPHONILUREA HERBICIDES UPON MAIZE CROPS IN
CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF SCDA TURDA
Horia Alexandru POP, Teodor RUSU*, Ileana BOGDAN ......................................................... 84
EFFECT OF SOME MICRONUTRIENTS ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF WHEAT AND ITS
LEAVES AND GRAIN CONTENT OF IRON AND BORON
Hamzeh RAWASHDEH 1,2* and Florin SALA2........................................................................... 85
ANSWER OF A SOYBEAN GENOTYPE CREATED ON ARDS TURDA TO DIFFERENT
FERTILIZATION
Ioan ROTAR1, Valeria MĂRCUŞ (căs. DEAC)1*, Roxana VIDICAN1, Anamaria MĂLINAŞ1 86
EFFECTS OF MULCHING AND MULCHING WITH MINERAL FERITLIZERS ON THE
FLORISTIC COMPOSITION OF OLIGOTRPHIC GRASSLANDS AFTER SIX YEARS
Ioan ROTAR, Florin PĂCURAR*, Roxana VIDICAN, Ágnes BALÁZSI, Anca BOGDAN and
Vlad STOIAN .............................................................................................................................. 87
THE INFLUENCE OF SOIL PROTECTIVE AGRO-TECHNICHAL METHODS ON CORN
PRODUCTIVITY IN DOBROGEA
Violeta SIMIONESCU1,2 , Monica TANC2 , Ion BULICĂ2 ........................................................ 88
INTER-RADICULAR CONNECTIONS FESTUCA RUBRA AND TRIFOLIUM REPENS
Vlad STOIAN1*, Roxana VIDICAN1, and Ioan ROTAR1 .......................................................... 89
OPTIMIZATION WORK OF SOIL FOR THE CULTIVATION OF AFILA PEAS IN TURDA
AREA
Alina ŞIMON 1, 2*, Teodor RUSU 2, Felicia CHEŢAN 1, 2, Cornel CHEŢAN 1, 2......................... 90
GROWTH IN WHEAT AND MAIZE
Ramona ŞTEF1, Alin CĂRĂBEŢ1, Ioana GROZEA1, Ana-Maria VÎRTEIU1, Levente
MOLNAR1 and Veaceslav MAZĂRE2 ........................................................................................ 91
PROLIFICACY STUDY OF MAIZE INBRED LINES AND HYBRIDS ON SCDA-TURDA
Emilia TINCA1, Ioan HAȘ 1-2 and Ana COPÂNDEAN2 ............................................................. 92
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IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CAULIFLOWER MOSAIC VIRUS
(CAMV) ISOLATES IN ÇANAKKALE PROVINCE
Hasan Tuna TUZLALI................................................................................................................. 93
SOME AGRO BIOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES, PHYSIC AND MECHANICAL
PROPERTIES OF BIOMASS OF THE MISCANTHUS GIGANTEUS
Victor ŢÎŢEI 1, T. IVANOVA 2, A. MUNTEAN 3 ...................................................................... 94
EVALUATION OF THE ABSORPTION ABILITY OF WINTER WHEAT BASED ON ROOT
SYSTEM CLUSTERING
Roxana VIDICAN, Vlad STOIAN* and Ioan ROTAR ............................................................... 95
ANALYSIS OF THE THRIPS FAUNA (INSECTA: THYSANOPTERA) ON FLOWERS OF
ROSES IN WESTERN PART OF ROMANIA
Ana – Maria VIRTEIU1, Ioana GROZEA1, Ramona STEF1, Alin CARABET1, Levente
MOLNAR1, Teodora FLORIAN2 and Veaceslav MAZARE1 ..................................................... 96
HOST PLANT SPECIES OF THE CICADA METCALFA PRUINOSA IN ROMANIA
Mihai VLAD*, Ioana GROZEA ................................................................................................. 97
INFLUENCE OF AGRONOMIC PRACTICES ON GRASSLAND OF AGROSTIS
CAPILLARIS L. – FESTUCA RUBRA L. FROM DEALUL CRUCII MEADOW
Zorica VOŞGAN1*, Roxana VIDICAN2, Lucia MIHALESCU1, Monica MARIAN1, Stela
JELEA1, Oana MARE ROSCA1, Anca DUMUŢA1, Susana SFECHIŞ2 .................................... 98
SECTION 2: ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
WILDFIRE IMPACT AND FIRE PARADOX IN A NATURAL AND ENDEMIC PINUS
CANARIENSIS FOREST STAND
Jose Ramon ARÉVALO1, A. NARANJO-CIGALA2, M. SALAS3, and M. MORENO4............ 99
ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF BIOGAS-SOLAR POWER PLANT
Pavo BALIČEVIĆ* and Aleksandar LIVAZOVIĆ ................................................................... 100
THE
BEHAVIOUR
OF
PHASEOLUS
VULGARIS
UNDER
MICROWAVE
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION STRESS IN GREENHOUSE
Claudia BALINT, Ioan OROIAN*, Daniela BORDEA, Bianca BORDEANU, Narcisa
MARIAN ................................................................................................................................... 101
THE BEHAVIOR OF SOME POTATO MID-EARLY VARIETIS WHEN TREATMENTS
WITH SOME UNCONVENTIONAL PRODUCTS ARE PERFORMED (2013-2014)
Ioan BRAŞOVEAN, Ioan OROIAN,* Antonia ODAGIU, Cristian IEDERAN ....................... 102
THE INFLUENCE OF CLIMATE CHANGE ISSUES IN PINE TREE FORESTS FROM
MUREŞ AREA
Petru BURDUHOS, Ioan OROIAN*, Antonia ODAGIU, Ilie COVRIG ................................. 103
CHEMICAL INDICATORS OF WET DEPOSITION AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE SOIL
IN MARAMURES COUNTY, NW OF ROMANIA
Claudia BUTEAN1*, Angela MICHNEA2, Cristina MIHALI1, Zoita Marioara BERINDE1,
AnaMaria GAVRA2 and Mirela SIMIONESCU2 ...................................................................... 104
ANTHROPIC PRESSURES EXERTED ON THE BIODIVERSITY OF THE MOUNTAIN
AREA IN ROMANIA
Lavinia Alina CĂLUŞERU1, Luminiţa COJOCARIU1,2 ........................................................... 105
11
CORRELATIVE MODELS BETWEEN BALATON (A) AND ATRIUM (E) WHEAT
VARIETIES, NITROGEN DOSES AND THEIR DIVISION IN SEINI – MARAMURES, 20092010
Vasile Marius CĂRĂBĂŢ1, Mihai BERCA1, Roxana HOROIAŞ1*, Cristian Florinel
CIOINEAG2 ............................................................................................................................... 106
ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION OF DEGRADED LANDS IN THE COUNTY OF GALATI
Maria CONTOMAN1, Alina SIMIONICA2 ............................................................................... 107
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE MONITORING OF IPIDAE OCCURENCE IN PINE
TREE FORESTS FROM MUREŞ AREA
Ilie COVRIG, Ioan OROIAN*, Ovidiu CHIOREAN, Vasile CEUCA ..................................... 108
THE INFLUENCE OF THE LOW FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD ON SEED
GERMINATION FOR SOME SPECIES OF LEGUMES
Elena Maria DRAGHICI1*, Marian VELCEA1 and Ioan PLOTOG3 ........................................ 109
BACTERIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS AND PUBLIC PERCEPTION ABOUT DRINKING
WATER OF BOREHOLES IN ARIB (AIN DEFLA, ALGERIA)
Mohand Said HAMAIDI1, Fella HAMAIDI-CHERGUI1 and Mohamed BRAHIM
ERRAHMANI2 .......................................................................................................................... 110
EFFECT OF DROUGHT STRESS ON GLEDITSIA TRIACANTHOS L. AT EARLY STAGES
OF DEVELOPMENT
Salima KEBBAS1,2* and Fatiha AID2 ........................................................................................ 111
THE COMPOSITION OF BENTHIC VERNAL DIATOMS COMMUNITIES ON THE
LOWER COURSE OF BEGA RIVER
Anca-Andreea MARIN1*, Benoni LIXANDRU1, Milca PETROVICI2, Adrian SINITEAN2,
Florica MORARIU1, Dumitru POPESCU1 ................................................................................ 112
TESTING DIFFERENT CONVENTIONAL AND UNCONVENTIONAL TREATMENT
SOLUTIONS IN FIGHTH AGAINST ALTERARIOSIS IN POTATO CROP FROM JUCU,
CLUJ AREA
Cristian MĂLINAŞ, Ioan OROIAN*, Ioan BRAŞOVEAN, Andrei FLEŞERIU, Constantin
MIHAI-OROIAN ....................................................................................................................... 113
IMPROVING ROMANIA’S GREEN COVER BY PLANTING FOREST PROTECTION
CURTAINS, IN THE CONTEXT OF CURENT CLIMATE CHANGES
Camelia MĂNESCU*, Ada-Flavia CRISTINA, Teodor MATEOC, Camelia GAVRILESCU,
Nicoleta MATEOC-SÎRB .......................................................................................................... 114
ALTERNATIVE APPROACHES FOR DESCRIBING SEMI URBAN AREAS
Steven J. MEEUS1,2,* and Hubert GULINCK2........................................................................... 115
EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON THE RADON EXHALATION RATES FROM
PLASTERING MORTARS USING RADIM 3A-EMAN DEVICE
Lavinia-Elena MUNTEAN1*, Botond PAPP2,3, Constantin COSMA2,3, Daniela MANEA4, Ioana
TANASESCU1 and Dorin-Vasile MOLDOVAN5 ..................................................................... 116
THE USE OF HONEY BEES TO ASSESS ATMOSPHERIC PARTICULATE MATTER (PM)
CONTAMINATION
Ilaria NEGRI1*, Christian MAVRIS2, Gennaro DI PRISCO3, Emilio CAPRIO3, Marco
PELLECCHIA1, Antonio DE CRISTOFARO4 ......................................................................... 117
RISK ASSESSMENT OF CONVENTIONAL AND UNCONVENTIONAL PHYTOSANITARY
TREATMENTS AGAINST LATE BLIGHT IN POTATO
Antonia ODAGIU, Ioan OROIAN*, Cristian MĂLINAŞ, Daniela BORDEA ......................... 118
12
NECESSITY, DESIRABILITY AND IMPORTANCE OF ECOLOGICAL AGRICULTURE IN
THE CONTEXT OF MEDICINAL PLANTS CULTIVATION
Vasilica ONOFREI1, Gabriel-Ciprian TELIBAN1, Roxana-Alexandrina CLINCIU-RADU1,
Alexandra – Andreea Buburuz2, Teodor ROBU1....................................................................... 119
FIGHT AGAINST POTATO LATE BLIGHT – A BIOECONOMIC APPROACH
Adriana OPINCARIU, Ioan OROIAN*, Antonia ODAGIU, Cristian MĂLINAŞ, Cristian
IEDERAN, Andrei FLEŞERIU ................................................................................................. 120
PINE FOREST PROTECTION IN PHYTOSANITARY LEGISLATION
Ioan OROIAN, Sînziana PAULIUC, Cristian IEDERAN*, Sorin POP .................................... 121
RAISING THE LEVEL OF AWARENESS OF LOCAL COMMUNITIES IN ELABORATING
THE MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR NATURA 2000 ROSCI SOMESUL RECE SITE
Marian PROOROCU, Ioan OROIAN, Antonia ODAGIU, Sînziana Ecaterina PAULIUC*,
Andreea BÎLC ............................................................................................................................ 122
ESTIMATION OF EFFICIENCY OF BIO- AND PHYTOREMEDIATION FOR PESTICIDES
CONTAMINATED SOIL
Inna RASTIMESINA1, SVETLANA TOLOCICHINA1, Olga POSTOLACHI1 ⃰, Angela
CINCILEI2, Nina STREAPAN1, Vera MAMALIGA1 .............................................................. 123
THE CONSERVATION STATUS OF GRASSLAND HABITATS IDENTIFIED IN SEVERAL
PROTECTED AREAS FROM OLTENIA NATURA 2000 SITE
Daniel RĂDUŢOIU ................................................................................................................... 124
LANDSCAPE DETERMINANTS OF FINE-SCALE GENETIC STRUCTURE OF A SMALL
PEST RODENT IN A HETEROGENEOUS LANDSCAPE FROM SOUTH AFRICA
Isa-Rita M. RUSSO1, Catherine L. SOLE2, Mario BARBATO1, Ullrich VON BRAMANN3 and
Michael W. BRUFORD1 ............................................................................................................ 125
THE AGRICULTURAL VALORISATION OF MUDDY WASTE FROM PURGE WATER
Marius SABĂU .......................................................................................................................... 126
STUDY ON THE EFFICIENCY OF SEPARATING IMPURITIES FROM WASTE WATER
BY MEANS OF SERIES MOUNTED TANGENTIAL FILTERS
Daniela ZÂRNOIANU, Simion POPESCU .............................................................................. 127
SECTION 3: FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
TYPES OF LINKAGES OF DIFFERENT CATIONS IN GRAPEVINE BERRIES OF SOME
IMPORTANT VARIETIES OF VITIS VINIFERA USED FOR WINEMAKING
Klaus SCHALLER* and Ruth LEHNART................................................................................ 128
HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES
Dietmar HALTRICH* ................................................................................................................ 129
ENZYME AND ANTIBODY ENGINEERING FOR AGRICULTURAL APPLICATIONS
Montarop YAMABHAI* ............................................................................................................ 130
SCALE UP PROCEDURE FOR FERMENTATION AND DOWN STREAM PROCESSING OF
PROBIOTIC STRAINS: A CHALLENGE FOR THE INDUSTRY
Philippe THONART1, J. DESTAIN1, A. LEJEUNE1, F.WEEKERS2, P. ANTOINE3, T. El
MEJDOUB4, S. ZGOULLI5, F. DELVIGNE1 ........................................................................... 131
THE INFLUENCE OF YEAST BIODIVERSITY AND GRAPE PROCESSING ON
SPONTANEOUS FERMENTATIONS
Christian von WALLBRUNN1* and Daniel GERHARDS1 ....................................................... 132
13
STUDY OF ALGAL COMMUNITIES FROM WATER INTAKE GURGHIU
Elena-Suzana BIRIȘ-DORHOI1, Laura MOMEU2, Maria TOFANĂ1*, Sonia A. SOCACI1, Anca
FARCAȘ1, Melinda NAGY1, Cosmina Maria BOGĂTEAN1 ................................................... 133
SENSORY ANALYSIS OF A NEW GENERATION OF PROBIOTIC DRINKS WITH
FUNCTIONAL GASTROINTESTINAL HEALTH IMPACT
Andrei BORȘA1*, Sevastița MUSTE1, Dan Cristian VODNAR2, Liana-Claudia SALANŢĂ2 and
Lucian CUIBUS2 ........................................................................................................................ 134
DESIGNING OF THE INNOVATIVE TRAINING MATERIALS IN FOOD SCIENCE
EDUCATION
Lavinia BURULEANU1*, Laura Monica GORGHIU2, Gabriel GORGHIU3 and Carmen Leane
NICOLESCU1 ............................................................................................................................ 135
TRACEABILITY OF FUNCTIONAL BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS IN FRESH AND
PASTEURIZED MILK, OBTAINED FROM SHEEPS FED WITH ORANGE PULP
Maria Simona CHIS1, Sevastita MUSTE1*, María Del Mar CAMACHO VIDAL2 .................. 136
BIOVALORISATION OF BEER BY ALTERNATIVE FERMENTATION TECHNOLOGY
Teodora Emilia COLDEA, Elena MUDURA*, Carmen SOCACIU, Carmen POP, Floricuța
RANGA, Ancuța PASCU .......................................................................................................... 137
WARFARIN REDUCED GOLD NANOPARTICLES: CHARACTERISATION, CELLULAR
UPTAKE AND CYTOTOXICITY
Cristina COMAN1, Olivia Dumitriţa RUGINĂ2, Loredana Florina LEOPOLD1, Zoriţa
DIACONEASA1, Nicolae LEOPOLD3, Maria TOFANĂ1 and Carmen SOCACIU1................ 138
PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS AND THEIR ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY IN PURPLE
POTATOES VARIETIES
Zoriţa DIACONEASA1, Cristina COMAN1, Dumitriţa RUGINĂ2, Loredana LEOPOLD1, Oana
POP1, Lucian CUIBUS1, Carmen SOCACIU1* ......................................................................... 139
QUALITY MONITORING OF SOME COMMERCIAL HERBAL TEAS IN ROMANIA
Flavia DUMITRESCU1, Mona Elena POPA1, Gelu-Cristian RADE2, Mirela CUCU2, Gabriel
MUSTATEA2, Nastasia BELC2 ................................................................................................. 140
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF BIOFUNCTIONAL COMPOUNDS CONTENT FROM
ROMANIAN AND CHINESE TEA PLANTS
Anca C. FĂRCAŞ1, Sonia A. SOCACI1*, Maria TOFANĂ1, Liana Salanță, Ana CUCEU1,
Anamaria POP1 .......................................................................................................................... 141
STUDY REGARDING OBTAINING AND SENSORIAL EVALUATION OF GLUTEN-FREE
RICE BASED CAKE WITH QUINOA FLOUR ADDITION
Minodora IOVAN1*, Bogdan RADOI2 and Teodor TRASCA3 ................................................ 142
RAMAN
MONITORING
OF
PEG
COATED
GOLD
NANOPARTICLES
INTERNALISATION IN CELLS
Loredana Florina LEOPOLD1*, Zorita Maria DIACONEASA1, Cristina COMAN1, Nicolae
LEOPOLD2 and Carmen SOCACIU1 ........................................................................................ 143
ASSESSMENT OF ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF LACTIC ACID BACTERIA STRAINS
AGAINST BREAD SPOILAGE FUNGUS ASPERGILLUS OCHRACEUS
Adrian MATEI1*, Călina Petruța CORNEA1, Steliana RODINO1,2, Ovidiu IORDACHE1,
Marian BUTU2 ........................................................................................................................... 144
PHISYCO-CHEMICAL RESPONSE OF SEVEN IRRIGATED AND NON-IRRIGATED
APPLE CULTIVARS TO DIFFERENT STORAGE CONDITIONS
Otilia MICU1*, Emil LUCA1, Nineta Simona VARGA1, Felicia BUTUZA-BUMB1 and Păuniţa
Iuliana BOANCĂ1 ..................................................................................................................... 145
14
STUDY ON INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF MEAT ON THE QUALITY OF MEAT
PRODUCTS
Melinda NAGY, Crina MUREȘAN*, Sonia A. SOCACI, Maria TOFANĂ, Anca FARCAȘ,
Suzana E. BIRIȘ ........................................................................................................................ 146
EVALUATION OF WINE ACIDS BY FORCED ESTERIFICATION AT PRODUCTS WITH
HIGH ALCOHOLIC DEGREE
Marius NICULAUA1*, Bogdan C-tin NECHITA2, Cătălin Ioan ZAMFIR2, Florin VĂRARU1,
Georgiana-Diana DUMITRIU1 and Valeriu V. COTEA2 .......................................................... 147
THE EVALUATION OF FOOD SECURITY IN EUROPEAN UNION-27
Özge Can NİYAZ¹ ..................................................................................................................... 148
EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND PHENOLIC CONTENT IN
DIFFERENT EXTRACTS PREPARED FROM SALVIA OFFICINALIS L
ANA-VIORICA POP (CUCEU)1, MARIA TOFANĂ1*, SONIA A. SOCACI1, DAN
VÂRBAN2, MELINDA NAGY1, MARIA-DOINIŢA BORŞ1, SUSANA SFECHIŞ3 ............. 149
CERIUM OXIDE NANOPARTICLES AND THEIR ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECT IN VITRO
Oana Lelia POP1*, Amalia MESAROŞ2, Zoriţa DIACONEASA1, Dan Cristian VODNAR1,
Lucian BARBU-TUDORAN3, Lidia MAGERUȘAN4, Doru PAMFIL5,
Carmen SOCACIU1 ................................................................................................................... 150
CAROTENOIDS, TOCOPHEROLS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF LIPOPHILIC
EXTRACTS FROM SEA BUCKTHORN BERRIES (HIPPOPHAE RHAMNOIDES),
APRICOT PULP AND APRICOT KERNEL (PRUNUS ARMENIACA)
Elena Andreea POP1, Zoriţa M.DIACONEASA1, Florinela FETEA1, Andrea BUNEA1, Francisc
DULF1, Adela PINTEA1 and Carmen SOCACIU1 .................................................................... 151
SENSORIAL AND PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL EVALUATION OF MELANGE FROM
PASTEURIZED EGGS
Roxana GAVRIL (RAŢU)1 and Marius Giurgi USTUROI ....................................................... 152
FOOD SECURITY AND IMPLICATIONS OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE - CONCEPTUAL
APPROACHES AND EVIDENCES ACROSS EU
Mirela-Adriana RUSALI1 .......................................................................................................... 153
INFLUENCE OF THE BROWN MARINE ALGAE ON THE PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND
SENSORY CHARACTERISTCS OF THE SAUSAGES
Claudiu-Dan SĂLĂGEAN, Carmen POP* and Mihai CATRINOI .......................................... 154
ROMANIAN CONSUMERS’ WILLINGNESS TO BUY FOODSTUFFS CONTAINING FOOD
ADDITIVES: RESULTS OF A CONJOINT STUDY
Viktória SZŰCS1, Erzsébet SZABÓ1, Monica TARCEA2* and Diána BÁNÁTI3 .................... 155
BIOCONVERSION OF FRUIT WASTES INTO VALUABLE ORGANIC CHEMICALS
Dan C. VODNAR1, Oana L. POP1, Florinela FETEA1, Floricuta RANGA1, Francisc DULF2, and
Carmen SOCACIU1 .................................................................................................................. 156
SECTION 4: HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY
USE OF WILD RELATIVES FOR INCREASING THE GENETIC BASE AND ADAPTATION
TO CLIMATE CHANGE OF EGGPLANT
Jaime PROHENS1*, Hemal FONSEKA2, Auguste KOUASSI3, Mariola PLAZAS1, Ramya
FONSEKA4, Abou KOUASSI3, Isabel ANDÚJAR1, Rajakapasha RANIL2, Brice KOUASSI3,
Pietro GRAMAZIO1, Lahiru NIRAN5, Ana FITA1, Tharangani WELEGAMA2, Adrián
RODRÍGUEZ-BURRUEZO1, and Santiago VILANOVA1 ...................................................... 157
15
EFFECT OF ORGANIC AND MINERAL FERTILIZΑΤΙΟΝ ON GROWTH AND
MYCORRHIZAL COLONIZATION OF PEA CROPS
Dimitrios BILALIS*, Anestis KARKANIS, Foteini ANGELOPOULOU, Andreas
ANTONIADIS, Ilias TRAVLOS, Georgia NTATSI, Efstathia LAZARIDI,
Dimitrios SAVVAS ................................................................................................................... 158
COMPARATIVE ANALYSES OF PLANT RESPONSES TO ABIOTIC STRESS: AN USEFUL
APPROACH TO STUDY STRESS TOLERANCE MECHANISMS
Mohamad AL HASSAN1, Monica BOSCAIU2 and Oscar VICENTE1*................................... 159
DETERMINING THE FUEL CONSUMPTION WHEN USING A HARVESTER-FORWADER
SYSTEM TO CLEARCUT A DRIED SPRUCE STAND
Andrei APĂFĂIAN1, Horațiu MUNTEANU1 and Alexandru Stelian BORZ1* ....................... 160
RESPONSE OF FLORINA APPLE TREES TO FOLIAR APLICATIONS OF FERTILIZERS
Valerian BALAN*, Sergiu VĂMĂŞESCU and Petru BALAN ................................................. 161
RESIZING ROAD LAYERS AT MAINTENANCE AND REHABILITATION OF FOREST
ROADS
Vasile BOGHIAN ...................................................................................................................... 162
RESEARCH ON THE BEHAVIOR OF SOME EGGPLANT ROOTSTOCKS IN GRAFTING
PROCESS
Marian BOGOESCU* and Madalina DOLTU ........................................................................... 163
RESEARCH ON THE QUALITY OF THREE WHITE WINE VATIETIES IN
TRANSYLVANIA, HARVEST OF 2013-2014
Florin-Dumitru BORA1*, Tiberia-Ioana POP1, Claudiu-Ion BUNEA1, Anca-Cristina BABEȘ1,
Delia-Elena URCA1, Ștefania BALEA1, Daniela POPESCU2, Maria COMȘA2, Maria
ILIESCU2, Nastasia POP1* ........................................................................................................ 164
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT GROWTH MEDIA TO THE NUTRIENT CONTENT OF
PRIMULA (PRIMULA OBCONICA)
Nuray ÇİÇEK ATİKMEN1*, Cihat KÜTÜK2, Gökhan ÇAYCI2, Abdullah BARAN2, H. Hüseyin
ÖZAYTEKİN3, Siyami KARACA4 ........................................................................................... 165
STUDIES ON WINE MATURATION USING DIFFERENT METHODS
Lucia Cintia COLIBABA1, Valeriu V. COTEA1*, Ana Maria MOROSANU1 and TudoseSandu-Ville STEFAN1 ............................................................................................................... 166
EARLINESS CHARACTERISTICS OF TULIPS COLLECTION IN
“AL. BORZA”
BOTANICAL GARDEN CLUJ-NAPOCA
Mirela Irina CORDEA1* and Angela Doina PUI2 ...................................................................... 167
TREES, SHRUBS AND FOREST PHYTOCENOSIS AS ECOLOGICAL AND
GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATORS
Nicolae DONIŢĂ1, Dagmar VIŞOIU2, Ion CHISĂLIŢĂ2 ........................................................ 168
ANALYSIS OF MECHANICAL AND BIOLOGICAL STABILITY OF VARIOUS TREES
SPECIES DEPENDING ON LOCATION, AGED AND WIND INTENSITY
Marius FETEA1 and Florin DOMNITA1 ................................................................................... 169
ASPECTS REGARDING THE IN VITRO PROPAGATION OF ‘ROYAL GALA’ APPLE
CULTIVAR
Alexandru FIRA, Manuela SIMU and Doina CLAPA* ............................................................. 170
THE EVALUATION OF THE BARK BEETLES POPULATIONS ON SPRUCE LOGGING
DEBRIS
Ciprian G. FORA1*, Karl F. LAUER1, Mihaela M. MOATĂR1 and Sorin STANCIU2 ............ 171
16
EFFECT OF TWO DIFFERENT WAYS OF CULTIVATION OF BITTER GOURD
(MOMORDICA CHARANTIA L.) ON THEIR SEED YIELD AND QUALITY
Anna GAŁCZYŃSKA*1), Z. WEI.1), X.Y. ZHANG 1), E. KRÓL2), Z. KREJPCIO2), Roman
HOŁUBOWICZ1) ....................................................................................................................... 172
EFFECT OF ORGANIC FERTILIZATION ON ROOT CHARACTERISTICS AND CROP
DEVELOPMENT OF TRADITIONAL VARIETY OF VICIA FABA
Agapi GAVALAKI ˡ, Nikolaos KOUSTAS ˡ, Ioanna KAKABOUKI 2, Dimitrios BILALIS ˡ*,
Ilias TRAVLOS1, Fotini ANGELOPOULOU1, Xenophon KAPPAS2...................................... 173
TROPHIC EVOLUTION OF SOUTHERN GREEN STINK BUGS (NEZARA VIRIDULA L.) IN
WESTERN PART OF ROMANIA
Ioana GROZEA1*, Ana Maria VIRTEIU1, Ramona STEF1, Alin CARABET1, Levente
MOLNAR1, Teodora FLORIAN2 and Mihai VLAD1................................................................ 174
THE STUDY OF A VARIETY OF CABBAGE CULTIVARS CREATED AT SCDL IERNUT
Minerva HEITZ*, Lidia-Ioana CHIPER, Janina-Claudia CĂPUŞAN, Al.-K HEITZ, Elena
ŞTEFĂNESCU .......................................................................................................................... 175
THE BEHAVIOR FOR SRC WILLOW INGER IN EXPERIMENTAL TRIAL GHILAD,
ROMANIA
Cornelia HERNEA1, Wilhelm HOLLERBACH2, Danut TRAVA2, Mihaela CORNEANU1* .. 176
INCREASING THE GENETIC BASE OF MODERN CULTIVARS OF EGGPLANT OF THE
SEMI-LONG BLACK TYPE
Maria HURTADO, Santiago VILANOVA, Pietro GRAMAZIO, Mariola PLAZAS, Isabel
ANDÚJAR, Francisco Javier HERRAIZ, and Jaime PROHENS1* .......................................... 177
STUDY ON THE INFLUENCE OF WATERING RATE AND THE TYPE OF SUBSTRATE
ON THE PRODUCTION OF TOMATOES GROWN IN THE GREENHOUSE IN
UNCONVENTIONAL SYSTEM
Ionuț Ovidiu JERCA1, Sorin Mihai CÎMPEANU2 Elena Maria DRĂGHICI3 .......................... 178
INFLUENCE OF PULSED ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD ON PLANT GROWTH,
NUTRIENT ABSORPTION AND YIELD OF DURUM WHEAT
Nikolaos KATSENIOS1, Victor KAVVADIAS1, Sideris THEOCHAROPOULOS1, Dimitrios
BILALIS2*, Zaharias IOANNOU1, Antonios PAPADOPOULOS1 and Nektaria
LIAKOPOULOU1 ...................................................................................................................... 179
EFFECT OF BIOREGULATORS ON CHLOROPHYLL CONTENT OF ANNUAL
POTPLANTS
Szilvia KISVARGA1*, Ildikó KOHUT1, Andrea TILLY-MÁNDY1 ......................................... 180
PAK CHOY RESPONSE TO SEVERAL FERTILIZATION AND IRRIGATION
TREATMENTS IN ECOLOGICAL FARMING SYSTEM
Enikő LACZI*, Emil LUCA, Adelina DUMITRAŞ, Alexandru APAHIDEAN and Păuniţa
BOANCĂ ................................................................................................................................... 181
IN VITRO PROPAGATION OF FRUIT VARIETIES AND ROOTSTOCKS IN EUROPE: AN
OVERVIEW ON COMMERCIAL PRODUCTION, RESEARCH AND FUTURE PROSPECTS
Maurizio LAMBARDI* ............................................................................................................. 182
CLUSTERING DIPLOTAXIS TENUIFOLIA ACCESSIONS BASED ON QUANTITATIVE
AND QUALITATIVE TRAITS
Simona Laura LAZAR1*, Mihai Lucian LUNG1, Oana CIUZAN1, Mihai LAZAR and Doru
PAMFIL ..................................................................................................................................... 183
17
ANTHOCYANINS PROFILES OF SOME NATIVE ROMANIAN GRAPES VARIETIES AND
EXPLORATORY ANALYSIS BY PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS
Mihai Lucian LUNG1*, Simona Laura LAZAR1, Oana CIUZAN1, Nastasia POP1, Doru
PAMFIL1 and Luca ROLLE2 ..................................................................................................... 184
RIBES NIGRUM L. – A VALUABLE SPECIES SUITABLE FOR THE BUCHAREST AREA
Carmen MANOLE1*, Maria PARASCHIV1, Manuela SIDOROFF1, Valerica TUDOR2 and
Luminita TCACENCO1 ............................................................................................................. 185
RESEARCH REGARDING THE BEHAVIOR OF SOME TOMATO LANDRACES TO
CULTIVATION UNDER TUNNEL CONDITIONS
Veronica MAXIM1, Dănuţ Nicolae MĂNIUŢIU1*, Rodica SIMA1, Aurel MAXIM1 and Ioan
Ovidiu MAXIM1 ........................................................................................................................ 186
VASCULAR PLANTS THAT ARE HOSTS FOR THE PESTS IN THE OTĂSĂU RIVER
BASIN, OLTENIA, ROMANIA
Ion MITREA, Nicolae Cristian FOTA....................................................................................... 187
CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING THE INFLUENCE OF SOME PREFERMENTATIVE
TREATMENTS ON COMPOSITIONAL AND ORGANOLEPTIC FEATURES OF
FETEASCĂ ALBĂ WINES
Ana- Maria MOROŞANU1*, Cintia COLIBABA1, Marius NICULAUA2, Bogdan C-tin
NECHITA1, Cătălin ZAMFIR1, Alexandru C. TARTIAN1 and Valeriu V. COTEA1............... 188
RESEARCH REGARDING THE ASCORBIC ACID OF BROCCOLI DURING SHORT
TERM REFRIGERATED STORAGE
Otilia MURARIU ....................................................................................................................... 189
EFFECT OF APPLICATION WITH GIBBERELLIN GA4+7 ON RUSSETING OF “GOLDEN
DELICIOUS” APPLES
Ananie PESTEANU................................................................................................................... 190
THE QUALITY OF CALLUS AT GRAPEVINES GRAFTED CUTTINGS DEPENDING ON
THE SUBSTRATE USED IN FORCING
Daniela POPESCU1, Dan CORBEAN2* and Maria COMSA1 .................................................. 191
MANAGING THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF GRAPES BY CALCIUM SUPPLEMENTED
ON FOLIAR WAY
Florin SALA1*, Alin DOBREI2 ................................................................................................. 192
PRESERVING GENETIC DIVERSITY OF GRAPEVINES BY CLONAL SELECTION
Joachim SCHMID1*, Frank MANTY1, Hubert KONRAD1, Bettina LINDNER1 and Ernst H.
RUEHL1 ..................................................................................................................................... 193
NEW POSSIBILITIES OF APPLICATION IN VITICULTURE
Hans-Peter SCHWARZ1 and Rainer KEICHER1 ...................................................................... 194
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE BIOTYPES OF BUSUIOACA DE BOHOTIN VARIETY
FROM HUSI VINEYARD
Alexandru C. TARTIAN1*, Cintia COLIBABA1, Marius NICULAUA2, Bogdan C-tin
NECHITA1, Cătălin ZAMFIR1, Ana- Maria MOROŞANU1, Valeriu V. COTEA1, ................. 195
STUDIES ON THE PRESENCE OF THE DEFOLIATOR EPROCTIS CHRYSOROEA IN THE
FORESTS AREA OF FORESTRY DEPARTAMENT MARSMURES
Ioan TĂUT1,2, Vasile ȘIMONCA1,2, Mircea MOLDOVAN2 .................................................... 196
NEW TECHNOLOGIES FOR PATHOGEN MICROSPHAERA ABBREVIATA CONTROL
Ioan TĂUT1,2, Vasile ȘIMONCA1,2*, Liviu HOLONEC1, Ilie COVRIG1 and Mircea
MOLDOVAN2 ........................................................................................................................... 197
18
LOLIUM RIGIDUM GAUD. BIOTYPES FROM GREECE WITH RESISTANCE TO
GLYPHOSATE AND OTHER HERBICIDES
Ilias TRAVLOS1, Ioanna TABAXI1, Dimitrios PAPADIMITRIOU1, Dimitrios BILALIS1 and
Demosthenis CHACHALIS2 ...................................................................................................... 198
EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTS OF AMINOPYRALID+FLORASULAM (LANCELOT 450
WG) ON BROADLEAF WEEDS’ CONTROL, YIELD AND QUALITY OF MAIZE
Ilias TRAVLOS1* and Vasilis APOSTOLIDIS2 ....................................................................... 199
THE FRUIT THAT FACTOR STANDARDIZATION OF FRUIT AND FRUIT BUDS
SUBMITTED
Sergiu VĂMĂŞESCU................................................................................................................ 200
EFFECT OF CHLOROCHOLINE CHLORIDE (CCC) ON THE HEIGHT AND INULINE
CONTENT OF JERUSALEM ARTICHOKE (HELIANTHUS TUBEROSUS L.)
Mikołaj WAWRZYNIAK1*, Artur SZWENGIEL2 Marta STELMACH-MARDACH3 and Roman
HOŁUBOWICZ1........................................................................................................................ 201
COST ANALYSIS OF CONVENTIONAL AND ORGANIC TOMATO (LYCOPERSICON
ESCULENTUM MILL.) SEEDS PRODUCTION IN POLAND
WOJTASIAK J., Magdalena SZPAKOWSKA, Roman HOŁUBOWICZ ................................ 202
PPV-REC IS COMPETITIVE IN PLUM ORCHARDS IN THE PRESENCE OF PPV-D AND
DEVELOPS SIMILAR SYMPTOMS
Ioan ZAGRAI1*, Sylvie DALLOT 2, Gerard LABONNE2, Luminița ZAGRAI1....................... 203
PREBASIC APPLE PLANT MATERIAL OBTAINED AT BISTRIȚA
Luminița ZAGRAI*, Ioan ZAGRAI, Angela FEȘTILĂ ............................................................ 204
SECTION 5: ECONOMICS AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT
FOSTERING SINERGIES BETWEEN ENVIRONMENTAL PRACTISES IN FARMING AND
RURAL SUSTAINABILITY – CASE STUDIES FROM BULGARIA
Mariya PENEVA1* ..................................................................................................................... 205
THE IMPACT OF SEMI-SUBSISTENCE MEASURE ON THE ROMANIAN SMALL FRUITS
AND VEGETABLE FARMS
Cornelia ALBOIU1* ................................................................................................................... 206
SIMPLE BOOKKEEPING VS. DOUBLE ENTRY BOOKKEEPING
Ileana ANDREICA1* .................................................................................................................. 207
STUDENTS PERCEPTION TOWARD A NEW SUSTAINABLE FOOD MASTER PROGRAM
Felix H. ARION1, Cristina B. POCOL1*, Diana E. DUMITRAŞ1, Iulia C. MUREŞAN1, Ionel M.
JITEA1 and Rezhen HARUN2.................................................................................................... 208
MANAGEMENT OF ACCOMMODATION ACTIVITIES FOR SHORT VACATIONS AND
PERIODS IN THE NORTH-EAST DEVELOPMENT REGIONS OF ROMANIA
Lucica ARMANCA1 and Valentin MIHAI1* ............................................................................. 209
MARKETING ORIENTED AND SALES ORIENTED COMPANIES IN THE AGRO-FOOD
INDUSTRY
Gabriela CHICIUDEAN1*, Felix ARION1 and Iulia MUREȘAN1 ............................................ 210
THE EVOLUTION OF SOCIAL MOBILITY IN SÎNPAUL VILLAGE
Mihai CUCERZAN1* ................................................................................................................. 211
CHANGES IN TOURISTS’ PERCEPTION TOWARDS VISITING BUCEGI NATURAL
PARK
Diana Elena DUMITRAŞ1, Ionel Mugurel JITEA1 and Manuela Carmen SIMU1.................... 212
19
POST-ACCESSION TRENDS OF THE ROMANIAN INTERNATIONAL MEAT TRADE
Camelia GAVRILESCU1*.......................................................................................................... 213
SELF-SUFFICIENCY OF MILK CONSUMPTION IN ROMANIA IN THE CONTEXT OF
DOMESTIC SUPPLY RESTRUCTURING – TRENDS AND PROSPECTS
Mariana GRODEA1* ................................................................................................................. 214
RESEARCH REGARDING THE CURRENT AGRICULTURAL SITUATION IN THE
KURDISTAN REGIONAL GOVERNMENT, IRAQ
Rezhen HARUN1* ...................................................................................................................... 215
HOUSEHOLDS AND FARMS IN TRANSITION
Sreten JELIĆ1, Mersida JANDRIĆ1, Branka KALANOVIĆ-BULATOVIĆ1, Bojan
DIMITRIJEVIĆ1* and Andrija DOMAZET1 ............................................................................. 216
AN ANALYSIS OF THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SEMISUBSISTENCE FARMS THAT APPLIED FOR RURAL DEVELOPMENT FUNDS IN THE
NORTH-WESTERN ROMANIA
Ionel-Mugurel JITEA1*, Diana-Elena DUMITRAȘ1, Manuela Carmen SIMU1 and Valentin
MIHAI1 ...................................................................................................................................... 217
SCHOOL CLOSURES AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Zsuzsanna KASSAI1, Cristina-Bianca POCOL2 and Tibor FARKAS3 ..................................... 218
THE IMPORTANCE OF COMMON GRAZING LANDS FOR THE SUSTAINABLE
MANAGEMENT OF NATURA 2000 AREAS IN BULGARIA
Yanka KAZAKOVA-MATEVA1*............................................................................................. 219
ECOTOURISM: CAN A PRODUCT COMPLY WITH A SUSTAINABLE AND
RESPONSIBLE ECONOMIC MODEL AND STILL BE MARKETABLE?
Eniko M. KOVACS1* ................................................................................................................ 220
DETERMINANTS OF FAMILY FARMS IN THE REGIONS OF SERBIA
Nikola LJILJANIC1*, Snezana JANKOVIC, Zoran RAJIC2, Vedran TOMIC and Sreten JELIC2
.................................................................................................................................................... 221
ENTREPRENEURSHIP INTENTION AMONG ROMANIAN RURAL RESIDENTS
Iulia C. MURESAN1*, Camelia F. TODORAN1, Felix H. ARION1 and Rezhen HARUN2 ..... 222
WOMEN, APICULTURE AND DEVELOPMENT: EVALUATING THE IMPACT OF A
BEEKEEPING PROJECT ON RURAL WOMEN’S LIVELIHOODS
Cristina Bianca POCOL1* and Molly MCDONOUGH2 ............................................................ 223
MANAGEMENT OF AGRO-TOURISTIC RESOURCES WITH VINEYARD SPECIFIC
FROM SOUTHERN DOBROGEA
Marius POPESCU1*................................................................................................................... 224
ECONOMIC OPTIMIZATION OF THE FERTILIZATION SYSTEM ON CORN CROPS ON
A REPRESENTATIVE SOIL IN THE TRANSYLVANIAN PLAIN
Andra PORUŢIU1*, Felix ARION2, Iulia MUREŞAN3, Raluca FĂRCAŞ4, Tudor SĂLĂGEAN4
and Lavinia MOLDOVAN5 ....................................................................................................... 225
IMPACT OF ARABLE LAND SIZE ON TRACTOR USE SCALE
Martin TAKALIĆ1* and Sven BLAŽIČEVIĆ2 ......................................................................... 226
FARMERS PERCEPTIONS ABOUT ORGANIC AGRICULTURE
Camelia F. TODORAN1, Iulia C. MURESAN1*, Rezhen HARUN2, Gabriela O.
CHICIUDEAN1 and Andra PORUTIU1 .................................................................................... 227
DIVERSITY OF SMALL FAMILY FARMS IN CROATIAN RURAL ECONOMY
Snježana TOLIĆ1*, Lidija MAUROVIĆ KOŠČAK1 and Bojana MARKOTIĆ KRSTINIĆ2 ... 228
20
THE INFANT MORTALITY RATE IN OECD COUNTRIES – DETERMINANTS AND
IMPLICATIONS
Viorela-Ligia VĂIDEAN1* and Marina FERENŢ-PIPAŞ1 ....................................................... 229
SECTION 6-7: ANIMAL SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGIES
ELEMENTAL AND ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION OF DIFFERENT HARD PARTS OF
FRESHWATER FISH: BACKGROUND AND APPLICATIONS
Andreas ZITEK1*, Johanna IRRGEHER1+, Leo KIRCHMAIER1, Johannes OEHM2,
Anastassiya TCHAIKOVSKY1, Anika RETZMANN1, Thomas PROHASKA1 ....................... 230
TRACEABILITY OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS
Thomas PROHASKA1, Johanna IRRGEHER1* and Andreas ZITEK1 ..................................... 231
INSECTS AS AN ALTERNATIVE SOURCE OF PROTEIN FOR ANIMAL FEEDING: A
LITERATURE REVIEW
Vladimír VRABEC1* and Martin KULMA1 .............................................................................. 232
BREEDING STRATEGIES IN HUNGARIAN SIMMENTAL BREED
István KOMLÓSI1, Balázs HUTH2 ........................................................................................... 233
NITROGEN DYNAMICS IN AN INTEGRATED HYBRID STURGEON AND OREGANO
AQUAPONIC SYSTEM, USING THE NUTRIENT FILM TECHNIQUE AND DIFFERENT
CROP DENSITIES
Alexandru-Cristian BANDI1*, Victor CRISTEA1, Lucian GEORGESCU2, Lorena DEDIU1, Paul
LUPOAE3, Ștefan Mihai PETREA1 and Săndița PLĂCINTĂ1 ................................................. 234
POLYSACCHARIDE STORAGE MYOPATHY (PSSM) – GENETICALLY DETERMINED
DISEASE IN HORSES
Flavius BANYAI1*, Augustin VLAIC1 ..................................................................................... 235
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF ORGANIC AND MINERAL
FERTILIZERS ON THE FLORISTIC COMPOSITION ON PERMANENT GRASSLAND IN
PETROVA, MARAMUREŞ
Adela L. BOTIŞ1*, gheorghe MIHAI1, Nicuşor SIMA1, Doru CRISTE1, Iulia MEDREA1,
Bogdan FĂGĂDAR1 .................................................................................................................. 236
STUDY OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF AQUEOUS
AND FLAVONOID EXTRACTS AND ESSENTIAL OIL FROM THE LEAVES OF INULA
VISCOSA
Hamida Saida CHERIF,1* Saidi, FAIROUZ1, Rouibi, ABDELHAK1, Gourai, HINDA1 ........ 237
ANALYSIS OF THE MORPHOPRODUCTIVE CAPACITIES OF A SHEEP POPULATION
OF ŢIGAIE BREED
Vasile CIGHI 1, Teofil OROIAN 1, Dorel DRONCA 2 ............................................................. 238
DANUBE CRAYFISH (ASTACUS LEPTODACTYLUS, ESCHSCHOLTZ, 1823) FROM ŢAGA
MARE LAKE – SIZE, AGE AND SEX POPULATION STRUCTURE
Daniel COCAN1, Iulius ROTAR1, Vioara MIREŞAN1*............................................................ 239
THE ROLE OF TWO CODONS (136, 171) FROM PRN-P GENE IN RELATIONSHIP WITH
RESISTANCE/SUSCEPTIBILITY TO SCRAPIE
Radu CONSTANTINESCU1, Viorica COŞIER1, Augustin VLAIC1*, Daniel COCAN1, Vioara
MIREŞAN1 ................................................................................................................................ 240
ASSESSMENT OF INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENT QUALITY AND THEIR POSSIBLE IMPACT
ON SURFACE WATER
Florina COPACIU1, Carmen ROBA2*, Ocsana OPRIŞ3, Andrea BUNEA1 and Vioara
MIREŞAN1 ................................................................................................................................ 241
21
CURRENT ASPECTS CONCERNING SUINA BREEDING IN THE MOUNTAIN ZONE OF
CLUJ COUNTY
Ilie CORNOIU*, Andrei S.C. BAN, Ionel TOADER and Mirela E. CADAR......................... 242
NEW MTCYB HAPLOTYPES IN ROMANIAN BUFFALO
Cristian-Ovidiu COROIAN1, Aurelia COROIAN1*, Vioara MIREȘAN1*, Mihai ŞUTEU1, Călin
LAŢIU1, Camelia RĂDUCU1 .................................................................................................... 243
MAJOR GENETIC DETERMINISM OF TENDERNESS OF SHEEP MEAT
Viorica COȘIER1, Vioara MIREȘAN1, Bogdan VLAIC1, Vasile CIGHI1, Radu
CONSTANTINESCU1* ............................................................................................................. 244
THE ASSESSMENT OF DEER (CERVUS ELAPHUS) TROPHIES
Marius COTTA1, Gelu Rareş OROIAN2, Teofil OROIAN1* ................................................... 245
CHARACTERIZATION OF MICROORGANISMS ISOLATED FROM POLLUTED SOIL
WITH PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS
Adriana CRISTE1*, Nicodim FIT2, Marius ZĂHAN1, Monica NISTE3, Mihaela
GIUBURUNCĂ1 ........................................................................................................................ 246
RESTORING THE ECOLOGICAL BALANCE OF A PERMANENT GRASSLAND
THROUGH DIFFERENT FERTILIZATION SYSTEMS IN PETROVA ECOSYSTEM,
MARAMUREŞ COUNTY NOTE 1: THE EVOLUTION OF FORAGE PRODUCTION
Doru CRISTE1, gheorghe MIHAI1, Nicuşor SIMA1*, Adela BOTIŞ1, Iulia MEDREA1, Bogdan
FĂGĂDAR1 ............................................................................................................................... 247
GLOBAL SERICULTURE – A TOOL FOR REGIONAL BIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
(A REVIEW)
Daniel S. DEZMIREAN1*, Liviu Al. MĂRGHITAS1, Ioan PASCA1, Silvia PATRUICA2,
Georgeta DINITA3, Horatiu DEZMIREAN1, Otilia BOBIS1, Rodica MĂRGĂOAN1 , Claudia
PAŞCA1 , Carmen MURESAN1, Bogdan GHERMAN1, Anton NAGY1, Victorita
BONTA1..................................................................................................................................... 248
THE TROPHICITY IMPROVEMENT OF CERTAIN NARDUS STRICTA MOUNTAIN
MEADOWS IN THE APUSENI MOUNTAINS
Bogdan Ionuț FĂGĂDAR, Gheorghe MIHAI, Nicuşor SIMA*, Adela Lăcrimioara BOTIŞ, Doru
Cristian CRISTE, Iulia PLEȘA .................................................................................................. 249
PHENOTYPIC CHARACTERIZATION OF THE WILD BOAR"SUS SCROFA FERUS"
POPULATION IN TRANSYLVANIA
Voichiţa Ana Maria GAVRILĂ1, Crina Elena STRUGARIU1, Teofil OROIAN 1* .................. 250
CORRELATIONS BETWEEN SOME PARAMETERS OF RAW AND STORED SEMEN IN
BOAR
Iulian IBĂNESCU*, Petru ROŞCA, Ioana SFARTZ, Ioana CRIVEI and Dan DRUGOCIU .. 251
CONFORMATION FEATURES OF RAINBOW TROUT (ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS)
BREEDERS FROM VALEA BISTRIŞORII TROUT FARM
Andrada IHUŢ, Vioara MIREŞAN*, Camelia RĂDUCU, Viorica COŞIER, Radu
CONSTANTINESCU, Luiza ANDRONIE, Călin LAŢIU ....................................................... 252
REPRODUCTIVE INDICES OF RAINBOW TROUT (ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS)
FEMALES FROM VALEA BISTRIŞORII TROUT FARM
Andrada IHUŢ, Vioara MIREŞAN*, Daniel Ioan COCAN, Camelia RĂDUCU, Viorica
COŞIER, Călin LAŢIU, Denisa POP ........................................................................................ 253
BIOINFORMATICSANALYSIS AND DATABASES USEFUL IN METABOLOMICS DATA
PROCESSING
Andrei G. LAZĂR1, Florina ROMANCIUC1and Carmen SOCACIU1,2 ................................... 254
22
FAST LC-MS ANALYTICAL METHOD TO DETERMINE THE PROFILE OF FREE
AMINO ACIDS IN HIVE PRODUCTS (HONEY, BEE POLLEN AND ROYAL JELLY)
Liviu Al. MĂRGHITAȘ, Victorita BONTA*, Daniel S. DEZMIREAN, Iulia ZACHARIAS,
Otilia BOBIȘ .............................................................................................................................. 255
THE INFLUENCE OF COMBINED ADDITION OF FEED ADDITIVES (SEL-PLEX+BIOMOS AND SEL-PLEX+ACTIGEN) IN LAYING QUAILS FEEDS ON GROWTH
PERFORMANCES AND EGG QUALITY
Teodor MĂLDĂRĂŞANU1*, Aurel ŞARA1, Mihai BENŢEA1 ............................................... 256
METABOLOMIC SIGNATURE OF PROSTATE ADENOCARCINOMA AND BENIGN
PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA BY LC-QTOF (ESI +) MS METHOD OF SERUM
Ramona Maria MAXIM1, Raluca Maria POP2, Carmen SOCACIU1,2 ...................................... 257
INFLUENCE OF TROLOX AND QUERCETIN COMBINATIONS ON HUMAN OVARIAN
CANCER CELL LINE A2780 AND HUMAN BREAST CANCER CELL LINE T47D-KBLUC
Ileana MICLEA1*, Vanda FUSS1, Marius ZĂHAN1, Delia ORLOVSCHI1 and Vasile
MICLEA1 ................................................................................................................................... 258
INFLUENCE OF COLLECTION FREQUENCY ON THE QUALITY OF EJACULATES
FROM LARGE WHITE AND PIETRAIN BOARS
Vasile MICLEA1*, Ilona GYONGY2, Ileana MICLEA1, Marius ZĂHAN1 ............................. 259
THE EFFECT OF REPLACING SOYBEAN MEAL WITH LUPINE SEED ON GROWTH
PERFORMANCE AND FATTY ACIDS PROFILE OF MEAT IN BROILER DIET
Daniel MIERLITA ..................................................................................................................... 260
ANALYSIS OF CATTLE FARMING SYSTEMS AND PRODUCTION STRATEGIES OF
DAIRY FARMERS IN ALGERIAN SEMI ARID REGION
Charef-Eddine MOUFFOK1*, Lounis SEMARA2 and Farida BELKASMI2 ............................ 261
QUALITY PARAMETERS FOR COMMERCIAL ROYAL JELLY
Carmen Ioana MUREŞAN1*, Liviu Alexandru MÃRGHITAŞ1 , Daniel Severus DEZMIREAN1,
Otilia BOBIŞ1, Victorița BONTA1, Iulia ZACHARIAS1, Rodica MÃRGÃOAN1 and Claudia
PAŞCA1 ..................................................................................................................................... 262
ETHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF CALVES’ WELFARE ACCORDING TO WEANING
METHOD
Radu I. NEAMŢ1,2*), Stelian ACATINCĂI2), Daniela E. ILIE1), Ludovic T. CZISZTER2) ...... 263
SOME ASPECTS OF THE INCIDENCE AND INFESTATION LEVEL OF PARASITISM IN
CIPRINIDAE POSTODIPLOSTOMOSIS
Octavian NEGREA1, Vioara MIREŞAN1, Camelia RĂDUCU1, Grigore ONACIU1, Octavia
NEGREA1 , Călin LAŢIU1, Daniel COCAN1*........................................................................... 264
STUDY ON THE INCIDENCE AND INTENSITY OF PARASITISM, IN DYNAMICS, OF
IXODID TICKS FROM CATTLE RAISED IN HOUSEHOLD SYSTEMS
Octavian NEGREA1, Vioara MIREŞAN1*, Camelia RĂDUCU1, Grigore ONACIU1, Zamfir
MARCHIŞ1, Călin LAŢIU1, Daniel COCAN1 .......................................................................... 265
APPRECIATION OF THE MAMMARY GLAND HEALTH STATUS BASED ON THE
QUALITY TRAITS OF MILK OBTAINED FROM FRIESIAN - BLACK SPOTTED BREED
Grigore ONACIU1*, Eugen JURCO1 ......................................................................................... 266
THE TOTAL CONTENT OF POLYPHENOLS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY IN
MELLIFEROUS PLANTS
Claudia PAŞCA1, Liviu Al. MĂRGHITAȘ1, Otilia BOBIȘ1*, Daniel S. DEZMIREAN1, Rodica
MĂRGĂOAN1 , Carmen MUREȘAN1 ...................................................................................... 267
23
STUDIES REGARDING THE YIELD OF SOME COMPLEX MIXTURES OF PERENNIAL
FORAGE PLANTS UNDER THE ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS OF COJOCNA, THE
TRANSYLVANIAN PLAIN
Iulia-Manuela PLESA (MEDREA)1, Gheorghe MIHAI1, Nicusor SIMA1*, Rodica SIMA1, Dorin
PLESA1, Doru CRISTE1, Adela BOTIS1, Bogdan FAGADAR1 ............................................... 268
THE DEVELOPMENT OF A CANINE PARA-AGILITY PROGRAMME: BEHAVIOURAL
AND PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS ON AUTISTIC CHILDREN AND ON THE THERAPY
DOGS
Denisa POP1,2, Alina S. RUSU2* and Vioara MIREȘAN1* ....................................................... 269
POSSIBILITIES FOR INTENSIVE FARMING OF CHUB
SQUALIUS CEPHALUS,
LINNAEUS 1758 (ACTINOPTERYGII: CYPRINIDAE), USING LIVE FOOD
Florentina POPESCU1, Călin LAŢIU1, Daniel COCAN1, Vioara MIREŞAN1* ....................... 270
ENTREPRENEURIAL AND MARKET ORIENTATION IN BEEKEEPING ENTERPRISES
Anca POPOVICI1*, Liviu MĂRGHITAŞ1, Daniel DEZMIREAN1, Marioara ILEA2 .............. 271
STUDIES ON THE ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF HUMULUS LUPULUS EXTRACTS
Steliana RODINO1,2, Alina BUTU2,*, Ovidiu Iordache1,Georgeta FIDLER1,2, Adrian Matei1,
Marian BUTU2, Petruta Calina CORNEA1................................................................................ 272
METABOLIC PROFILE OF URINE AMINO ACIDS IN WOMEN, AS A POSSIBLE EARLY
DIAGNOSIS OF BREAST CANCER
Florina ROMANCIUC1and Carmen SOCACIU1,2 .................................................................... 273
TOXICOLOGICAL TESTS OF TUMOLIT AND ARTEMISININ PRODUCTS ON
LABORATORY MICE AND RATS
Crina Elena STRUGARIU1, Anca Alexandra STUPARU1, Voichita Maria GAVRILA1, Teofil
OROIAN1* ................................................................................................................................. 274
PHARMACEUTICALS AND DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS EXTRACTED FROM MARE’S
MILK-A REVIEW
Anca Alexandra STUPARU1, Crina Elena STRUGARIU1, Teofil OROIAN1* ........................ 275
CYTOTOXIC EFFECT OF CHITOSAN-GOLD NANOPARTICLES ON TWO CELL LINE
CULTURE
Marius ZĂHAN1*, Ana-Maria MUŢOIU1, Liliana OLENIC2, Ileana MICLEA1, Adriana
CRISTE1 and Vasile MICLEA1 ................................................................................................. 276
SECTION 8: VETERINARY MEDICINE - FUNDAMENTAL AND PRECLINICAL
SCIENCES
BARTONELLOSIS IN PETS, RODENTS AND HUMANS
Shimon HARRUS* .................................................................................................................... 277
GAP JUNCTION INTERCELLULAR COMMUNICATION AND CARCINOGENESIS IN
CANINE MAMMARY TUMORS
Brunella RESTUCCI*, Paola MAIOLINO, Manuela MARTANO........................................... 278
EQUINE INFERTILITY: GENETIC IMPLICATIONS AND THEIR DETECTION BY
MOLECULAR METHODOLOGIES
M. MORENO MILLÁN*, G. ANAYA CALVO-RUBIO and S DEMYDA PEYRÁS ............ 279
COMPARATIVE DATA CONCERNING THE INCIDENCE OF CANCER IN DOGS IN A
PERIOD OF TEN YEARS IN ATHENS (GREECE) AND CLUJ-NAPOCA (ROMANIA)
Adrian Florin GAL*, Anna ANDRIOPOULOU, Viorel MICLĂUȘ, Flaviu TᾸBᾸRAN, Marian
TAULESCU, Andras NAGY, Roxana CORA, Raluca VIDRIGHINESCU, Cornel CǍTOI ... 280
24
IMMUNOHYSTOCHEMICAL STUDY OF THE INTESTINAL STROMAL TUMORS IN
DOGS - 7 CASES AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
Alexandru-Flaviu TĂBĂRAN*, Andras Laszlo NAGY, Alexandra TĂBĂRAN, Marian
TAULESCU, Adrian GAL, Marian MIHAIU, Cornel CĂTOI ................................................. 281
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DATA CONCERNING CANINE LYMPHOMA IN A PERIOD OF TEN
YEARS (2005-2014), IN CLUJ-NAPOCA, ROMANIA
Roxana CORA*, Adrian Florin GAL, Flaviu TᾸBᾸRAN, Marian TAULESCU, Andras NAGY,
Raluca VIDRIGHINESCU, Cornel CǍTOI .............................................................................. 282
HEPATIC FIBROSIS ASSESSMENT USING FRACTAL ANALYSIS AS A HISTOLOGICAL
GRADING METHOD
Claudiu GAL, Liviu GAIȚĂ, Claudia CONSTANTINESCU, Livia DUMITRESCU, Manuella
MILITARU ................................................................................................................................ 283
FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION CYTOLOGY (FNAC) OF NEOPLASMS IN DOGS AND CATS,
WITH EMPHASIS ON DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS - A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY
Geta PAVEL1, Razvan MĂLĂNCUȘ1* and Mihai CONDREA1 .............................................. 284
DISCONTINUOUS ELASTIC LAMINE IN THE INTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY IN LAMB
Vasile RUS1, Flavia RUXANDA1, Cristian RAŢIU2, Adrian GAL1*,Viorel MICLĂUŞ1 ....... 285
CERVICAL CARDIAC ECTOPIA IN CATTLE – A CASE REPORT
Dana Liana PUSTA1, Rodica SOBOLU2, Adela BODEA3, Alexandra TĂBĂRAN1, Pompei
BOLFĂ1, Ioan PAŞCA1, Liviu BOGDAN1 ............................................................................... 286
QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE ELASTIC COMPONENT IN TUNICA
ADVENTITIA OF SOME ARTERIES IN LAMB
Dalma CSIBI1, Flavia RUXANDA1, Vasile RUS1, Cristian MARTONOS1, Viorel MICLĂUŞ1*,
Aurel DAMIAN1 ........................................................................................................................ 287
VENOUS VASCULAR SYSTEM OF THE MAMMARY GLAND IN THE BUFFALO COW MORPHOLOGICAL ASPECTS Aurel DAMIAN, Antonia SOCACIU, Ioana CHIRILEAN, Florin STAN, Alexandru GUDEA,
Cristian DEZDROBITU, Flaviu TUNS, Cristian MARTONOS, Melania CRIŞAN* and Irina
IRIMESCU................................................................................................................................. 288
LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE OF THE CRANIAL THORACIC MAMMARY GLAND IN THE
DOMESTIC CAT
Cristian DEZDROBITU1*, Ionel PAPUC2, Melania CRIŞAN1, Irina IRIMESCU1, Alexandru
GUDEA1, Ioana DUMITRU1, Cristian MARTONOS1 and Aurel DAMIAN1 .......................... 289
ANATOMICAL PARTICULARITIES OF MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM OF GUINEA
PIGS (CAVIA PORCELLUS)
Florin STAN .............................................................................................................................. 290
GROSS AND MICROSCOPIC ANATOMY OF THE OLFACTORY BULBS IN THE
CHINCHILLA (CHINCHILLA LANIGERA)
Irina IRIMESCU1*, Pompei F. BOLFĂ1,2, Melania I. CRIŞAN1, Cristian C. DEZDROBITU1,
Aurel DAMIAN1 ........................................................................................................................ 291
OBSERVATIONS REGARDING THE STRUCTURE OF THE MAJOR SALIVARY GLANDS
IN CHINCHILLA
Bianca MATOSZ, Aurel DAMIAN, Vasile RUS*, Cristian MARTONOS, Adrian GAL, Flavia
RUXANDA, Viorel MICLĂUŞ................................................................................................. 292
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF NON-IONIC CONTRAST AGENTS OPTIRAY 350 AND
ULTRAVIST 370 IN MYELOGRAPHY IN DOGS
Radu LĂCĂTUȘ1, Robert Cristian PURDOIU1*, Filip ARDELEAN2, Ileana MATEI2,
Maximilian MUNTEAN3, Ionel PAPUC1 ................................................................................. 293
25
ENDOCRINE AND BEHAVIOURAL RESPONSE OF DOG IN STRESS SITUATIONS
Ionel PAPUC, Robert Cristian PURDOIU*, Radu LĂCĂTUȘ, Natalia ȚURCANU................ 294
DOG BEHAVIOUR ASSESSMENT
Timea Andrea KOCIS, Astrid GROSZLER, Ioan ŢIBRU, Cristian LAZARESCU ................. 295
RESISTANCE PHENOTYPES OF PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA STRAINS OF HUMAN
ORIGIN IN Β – LACTAMASES
Oana – Alexandra CIOCAN1*, Mihai CARP – CĂRARE1, Cătălin CARP – CĂRARE1, Andreea
– Paula Cozma1, Eleonora GUGUIANU1, Cristina RÎMBU, Elena Petraru2, Carmen - Valentina
PANZARU3 ............................................................................................................................... 296
STUDY ON BACTERIAL FLORA ISOLATED FROM BIRDS OF PREY OF THE SPECIES
ASIO OTUS AND STRIX ALUCO
Nicodim Iosif FIŢ*, Cosmin MUREȘAN, Flore CHIRILĂ, Adriana CRISTE and George
NADĂŞ ...................................................................................................................................... 297
THE EFFECT OF IODINE BASED PRODUCTS ON UNICELLULAR ALGAE FROM
GENUS PROTOTHECA
Sorin RĂPUNTEAN*, Gheorghe RĂPUNTEAN, Flore CHIRILǍ, Nicodim Iosif FIŢ, George
Cosmin NADǍŞ ........................................................................................................................ 298
STUDIES REGARDING THE BACTERIAL SKIN CARRIAGE OF IXODIDAE TICKS
Flore CHIRILǍ*, Nicodim FIŢ, George Cosmin NADǍŞ, Sorin RĂPUNTEAN, Cosmina
BOUARI, Octavian NEGREA, Cristian MAGDAȘ, Zamfir MARCHIȘ .................................. 299
ASSESSMENT OF THE ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECT OF NON-THERMAL PLASMA
ACTIVATED WATER AGAINST COAGULASE-POSITIVE STAPHYLOCOCCI
Irina LIPOVAN1, Andra Cristina BOSTĂNARU1, Valentin NĂSTASĂ1, Eugen HNATIUC2,
Vasile VULPE1and Mihai MAREȘ1 .......................................................................................... 300
THE PREVALENCE OF ESBL-PRODUCING STRAINS OF E. COLI AND K. PNEUMONIAE,
ISOLATED FROM PETS TREATED WITH ANTIBIOTICS – PRELIMINARY REMARKS
Andreea COZMA*, Mihai CARP – CĂRARE, Cătălin CARP – CĂRARE, Daniela POREA,
Eleonora GUGUIANU, Cristina RÎMBU, Mihai MAREȘ ........................................................ 301
DETERMINING THE CALCIUM AND MAGNESIUM CONTENT GIVEN BY A NATURAL
BRINE IN SOME DAIRY PRODUCTS
Rodica SOMEȘAN, Ildikó BARABÁSI, Laurenț OGNEAN* ................................................. 302
EFFECTS OF PROBIOTICS, PREBIOTICS AND SIMBIOTICS ON SOME
HEMATOLOGICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN LABORATORY MICE
Cristina ŞTEFĂNUȚ*, Laura MITREA and Laurenţiu OGNEAN ............................................ 303
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY IN FRESH AND PASTEURIZED
GOAT MILK
Sanda ANDREI1*, Andrea BUNEA1, Adela PINTEA1, Sorana MATEI 1, Ana Maria
COZMA2 .................................................................................................................................... 304
MEDICINAL PLANTS USED FOR TEA - MYCOTOXIC AND MYCOTOXICOLOGICAL
POTENTIAL
Sorana MATEI, Andrei SZAKACS, Adrian MACRI* .............................................................. 305
HEMATOLOGICAL PROFILE IN MICE TREATED WITH INCREASING DOSES OF
PYRANTEL AND PRAZIQUANTEL
Alexandra ARION1, Ferenc NAGY2, Iulia BALACI1, Ildikó BARABÁSI1, Andreea
OPINCARIU, Andrei-Nicolae MOLDOVAN and Laurenț OGNEAN1.................................... 306
26
THE IMPACT OF PRE AND PROBIOTIC ON GROWING PERFORMACE IN ROSS 708
BROILER CHICKENS
Andrei Radu SZAKACS*, Sorana MATEI, Laura ȘTEFĂNUȚ, Reka SIMCSAK and Adrian
MACRI ...................................................................................................................................... 307
EVALUATION OF ISOFLURANE AND SEVOFLURANE INFLUENCE ON LIVER
Flavia RUXANDA1, Viorel MICLĂUŞ1*, Vasile RUS1, Adrian GAL1, Cristian RAŢIU2 and
Liviu OANA1 ............................................................................................................................. 308
SIMULATION AND MEASUREMENT OF AIR MOVEMENT INSIDE A STANDARD
VETERINARY OPERATING ROOM PRODUCED BY A DOUBLE-EQUAL STRENGTH
DIFFUSER
Florin DOMNITA1*, Marius FETEA1 and Peter KAPALO2 .................................................... 309
WILD BOAR HEPATITIS E SEROPREVALENCE IN HUNTING FUNDS FROM BUZĂU
AND GALAȚI COUNTY
Daniela POREA1, Adriana ANITA1, Anca PASLARU1 and Gheorghe SAVUTA1.................. 310
WEST NILE VIRUS SEROSURVEILLANCE IN WILD BOARS FROM THE EAST OF
ROMANIA
Anca PÂSLARU, Daniela POREA, Gheorghe SAVUȚA and Luanda OȘLOBANU .............. 311
RELEVANCE AND LIMITATIONS OF THE IMAGING DIAGNOSIS IN NEUROLOGICAL
DISORDERS IN DOG
Nicolae COLDEA and Ionel PAPUC ........................................................................................ 312
THE INFLUENCE OF NATURAL VITAMIN C ON BROILER CHICKENS
HEMATOLOGICAL AND ECONOMICAL PARAMETERS
Laura CĂTANĂ, Cristina STEFANUŢ, R. CĂTANĂ, Anca CHEREJI, M. CERNEA........... 313
PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF CORONAVIRUSES IDENTIFIED IN MOLDAVIA CATS
Cristina HORHOGEA*, Ivona LAIU, Cristina RÎMBU and Carmen CREȚU ......................... 314
PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF ROSMARINUS OFFICINALIS ETHANOLIC EXTRACT
AGAINST CCL4-INDUCED LIVER DAMAGE IN RATS
Ioana BEDECEAN1*, Bogdan SEVASTRE1, Raluca VIDRIGHINESCU1, Andras NAGY1
Roxana L. STAN2, Daniela BENEDEC2, Daniela HANGANU2 and Ioan MARCUS1............. 315
ULTRASONOGRAPHIC ASPECT OF COELOMIC ORGANS IN BOID SNAKES
Robert Cristian PURDOIU1*, Lucia BEL2, Radu LĂCĂTUȘ1, Ionel PAPUC1 ......................... 316
EVALUATION OF THE ANTI-INFLAMMATORY, ANTISEPTIC ESSENTIAL OILS OF
PLANTAGO LANCEOLATA, LAURUS NOBILIS AND PELARGONIUM GRAVEOLENS
'PLANTAIN', 'BAY' AND 'GERANIUM ROSAT'
R. MOHAMED SAID1, R. MOUSSERATI, S. OUAKEDI ...................................................... 317
SECTION 9: VETERINARY MEDICINE - CLINICAL SCIENCES
EFFECT OF OXIDATIVE STRESS AND ANTIOXIDANTS ON MAMMALIAN SEMEN
FUNCTIONS
Mustafa BUCAK1*, Mihai CENARIU2 ..................................................................................... 318
SUBTOTAL VAGINECTOMY AS A TREATMENT FOR VAGINAL TUMOURS IN TWO
BITCHES
Cornel IGNA1*, Daniel BUMB1, Adelina PROTEASA1, Roxana DASCALU1 and Larisa
SCHUSZLER1, Diana BREZOVAN1 ........................................................................................ 319
REPRODUCTIVE PROBLEMS IN COMMERCIAL PIG FARMS
Dragan ROGOŽARSKI1, Jovan BOJKOVSKI2 ........................................................................ 320
27
DISTRIBUTION OF ANTISEPTIC RESISTANCE GENES IN STAPHYLOCOCCI FROM
BOVINE AND GOAT MASTITIS
Yasar ERGUN1*, Zafer CANTEKIN2, Kemal GURTURK3, Hasan SOLMAZ4, İsmail Hakkı
EKIN3 and Dilek OZTURK5 ...................................................................................................... 321
MASTECTOMY AS A RADICAL TREATMENT OF CHRONIC SUPPURATIVE MASTITIS
ON A SPECIFIC GOAT BREED (ALBĂ DE BANAT) - CASE REPORT
Tiberiu CONSTANTIN, Manuela PASCAL and Dorin ȚOGOE.............................................. 322
PRELIMINARY REMARKS IN HORMONAL TREATMENTS EFFECTS ON
REPRODUCTION PERIOD IN COWS
Ioana Cristina CRIVEI1, Elena RUGINOSU2, S.I. BORŞ 2, D. L. DASCĂLU 2, P. ROȘCA1, D.
DRUGOCIU1 ............................................................................................................................. 323
DYSGERMINOMA, PYOMETRA OF THE STUMP AND MAMMARY CARCINOMA IN A
DOG WITH OVARIAN REMNANT SYNDROME-CASE STUDY
Ioana SFARTZ, Petru ROȘCA, Iulian IBĂNESCU, Ioana CRIVEI, Dan DRUGOCIU .......... 324
EFFECT OF CULTURE MEDIA ON MARE OOCYTES MATURATION
Hussam ARYAN1, Ioan GROZA2, Iancu MORAR2*, Liviu BOGDAN2*, Anamaria
PETREAN2*, Omar MARDENLI2* ........................................................................................... 325
EQUINE EMBRYO SEXING - A CASE STUDY OF ITS APPLICABILITY IN A
DEVELOPING COUNTRY (ROMANIA)
Melania I. CRIȘAN, Iancu A. MORAR*, Mihai CENARIU, Aurel DAMIAN, Cristian
CRECAN, Emoke PALL, Cosmin PEȘTEAN and Ioan S. GROZA......................................... 326
INFLUENCE OF HEPATOPROTECTIVE ON THE REDUCTION OF NEGATIVE EFFECTS
OF NATURALLY CONTAMINATED FOOD IN BROILERS
Teodora VASILJEVIĆ1*. Jasna BOŠNJAK1, Mihajlo RADIVOJEVIĆ2, Marko
VASILJEVIĆ1 ............................................................................................................................ 327
CYTOTOXIC POTENTIAL OF ANTIOXIDANTS FROM TOMATOES ON TUMORAL
CELLS
Diana CENARIU1, Adela PINTEA2, Eva FISCHER-FODOR3, Mustafa BUCAK4, Mihai
CENARIU5* and Gianina CRIŞAN1 ......................................................................................... 328
ARTEMISIA ANNUA INCREASES PRODUCTION PERFORMANCES IN BROILERS
EXPERIMENTALLY INFECTED WITH EIMERIA ACERVULINA BUT HAS LITTLE
ANTICOCCIDIAL EFFECT
Loredana POP1, Adriana GYÖRKE1*, Diana BĂRBURAŞ1, Andra TOMA-NAIC1, Zsuzsa
KÁLMAR1, Viorica MIRCEAN1, Vasile COZMA1.................................................................. 329
GENETIC DIVERSITY OF CAMPYLOBACTER JEJUNI STRAINS ISOLATED FROM
POULTRY IN ROMANIA
Carmen CRETU1*, Cristina RIMBU1, *Cristina HORHOGEA1, Mihai OBADA2 ................... 330
WEST NILE VIRUS SEROSURVEILLANCE IN WILD BOARS FROM THE EAST OF
ROMANIA
Anca PÂSLARU1, Daniela POREA1, Gheorghe SAVUȚA¹ and Luanda OȘLOBANU¹ ......... 331
VIRAL INCLUSIONS IN VARANUS EXANTHEMATICUS AND PYTHON MOLURUS
BIVITTATUS
Raluca Ioana RIZAC*, Iulia Alexandra PARASCHIV, Emilia CIOBOTARU, Georgeta
DINESCU, Teodoru SOARE, Manuella MILITARU ............................................................... 332
MILK PH AND SERUM HAPTOGLOBIN AS BIOMARKERS FOR BITCH MAMMARY
GLAND INFLAMMATIONS
1
Iosif VASIU, 1Marina SPÎNU, 1Mihaela NICULAE, 2Raul Alexandru POP and 1Gheorghe
Florinel BRUDAŞCĂ ................................................................................................................ 333
28
SEROPREVALENCE OF PORCINE CYSTICERCOSIS IN NORTH-WESTERN ROMANIA
Ana-Maria OLELEU1,2*, Calin GHERMAN1, Andra TOMA-NAIC1 , Vasile COZMA1,3 ....... 334
A
COMPARATIVE
STUDY
OF
THE
PREVALENCE
OF
ANAPLASMA
PHAGOCYTOPHILUM IN DIFFERENT AREAS OF ROMANIA
Laeish JUNKEE1*, Katerina DASKALAKI1, Ioana A. MATEI1 and Andrei D. MIHALCA1 .. 335
ANAPLASMA PLATYS INFECTION IN FREE-ROAMING DOGS FROM TWO AFRICAN
COUNTRIES
Ioana A. MATEI1*, Angela M. IONICĂ1, Gianluca D’AMICO1, Patrick K. YAO2, David
MODRÝ3,4,5 and Andrei D. MIHALCA1 ................................................................................... 336
NEED FOR MORPHOLOGICAL REDESCRIPTION OF THREE SPECIES OF AFRICAN
TICKS
Gianluca D’AMICO1, Ioana A. MATEI1, Angela M. IONICĂ1, Patrick K. YAO2, David
Modrý3,4,5, Agustin ESTRADA-PEÑA6, Terence FUH NEBA7, Calin M. GHERMAN1, Andrei
D. MIHALCA1 ........................................................................................................................... 337
PREVALENCE OF TRICHINELLA SPP. INFECTION IN LARGE WILD CARNIVORES
SPECIES FROM ROMANIA BETWEEN 2014 AND 2015
Ionuț MARIAN1*, Andrei Daniel MIHALCA1 and Călin-Mircea GHERMAN1....................... 338
INFLUENCE OF LACTATION NUMBER ON SOMATIC CELL COUNT AND
MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF CELL POPULATION IN COW MILK
Alexandra TĂBĂRAN1*, Marian MIHAIU1, Sorin Daniel DAN1, Flaviu TĂBĂRAN1 , Oana
REGET1, Ionut Vlad CORDIŞ1 and Darius CORDEA1 ............................................................ 339
SENSORIAL ASSESSMENT AND POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS (PAHS)
CONTAMINATION EVALUATION IN SOME TRADITIONAL MEAT PRODUCTS FROM
ROMANIA
Oana-Margarita GHIMPETEANU* and Constantin SAVU ...................................................... 340
RISK ANALYSIS ASSESSMENT IN TWO SLAUGHTERING UNITS FOR PIGS
Ionuţ CORDIŞ, Alexandra TĂBĂRAN, Sorin Daniel DAN, Oana REGET, Marian MIHAIU 341
MICROBIOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT IN A CATTLE SLAUGHTER UNIT
Oana REGET1, Alexandra TĂBĂRAN1*, Sorin Daniel DAN1, Ionuţ CORDIŞ1, Marian
MIHAIU1 ................................................................................................................................... 342
COMPOSITIONAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF POULTRY MEAT
OBTAINED IN THE FREE RANGE GROWTH SYSTEM COMPARED WITH THE
INTENSIVE SYSTEM
Sorin Daniel DAN*, Alexandra LĂPUŞAN, Oana REGET, Darius CORDEA, Ionuţ CORDIŞ,
Silviu VIDA and Marian MIHAIU ............................................................................................ 343
CORRELATIONS REGARDING MICROBIAL CONTAMINATION LEVEL AND
OXIDATIVE SPOILAGE IN FROZEN BEEF, PORK, POULTRY MEAT AND FISH
Silviu VIDA, Marian MIHAIU, Alexandra TĂBĂRAN and Sorin Daniel DAN* .................... 344
PERICARDIAL CLOSURE DEFECT WITH ATRIAL HERNIATION IN AN ADULT DOG: A
CASE REPORT
Radu Andrei BAISAN, Cristina Magdalena BARBAZAN, Oana BÎRSAN, Vasile VULPE .. 345
DIAGNOSTIC AND TREATMENT OF GLAUCOMA IN THE MODERN VETERINARY
PRACTICE
András DOBOS.......................................................................................................................... 346
THE ROLE OF ENDOSCOPY IN DIAGNOSIS OF DIGESTIVE PATHOLOGY
Iuliu SCURTU1*, Gavril GIURGIU1, Cosmin PESTEAN2, Mircea MIRCEAN1 ..................... 347
29
CONGENITAL VERTEBRAL MALFORMATIONS IN FRENCH BULLDOGS: X-RAY VS
COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY
Lucia CORLAT1*, B. BLANCO2, R. LUCENA2, P.J. GINEL2, F. MIRÓ3, M. NOVALES2 .. 348
COMPARATIVE ASPECTS IN INTERICTAL, INTRAICTAL AND POSTICTAL
ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM IN DOGS WITH IDIOPATHIC EPILEPSY
Gabriela-Dumitrita STANCIU, Mihai MUSTEATA, Mihaela ARMASU, Gheorghe SOLCAN
.................................................................................................................................................... 349
ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY
EVALUATION OF CEREBRAL BIOELECTRIC
ACTIVITY IN DOGS WITH BABESIOSIS
Madalina BRATEANU, Gabriela Dumitrita STANCIU, Mihaela ARMASU, Mihai
MUSTEATA, Gheorghe SOLCAN* ......................................................................................... 350
ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHIC ASPECTS IN DOGS WITH INSULINOMA. CASE
REPORT
Mihaela ARMAȘU, Mihai MUSTEAȚĂ, Gabriela Dumitrița STANCIU, Mădălina ROȘCA,
Gheorghe SOLCAN* ................................................................................................................. 351
ANTIFREEEZE ACUTE INTOXICATION: HEMODIALYSIS IN TWO GERMAN
SHERPARD DOGS
Bogdan Alexandru VIŢĂLARU1*, Ştefăniţă Bogdan Bălăşcău1 ............................................... 352
POLYPROPYLENE MESH REPAIR OF A LARGE INCISIONAL HERNIA IN A FEMALE
BEAGLE DOG
Ciprian OBER*, Liviu OANA, Cosmin PEȘTEAN, Lucia BEL, Sidonia BOGDAN, Marian
TAULESCU and Cornel CĂTOI ............................................................................................... 353
OVERVIEW OF ESOPHAGOGASTRIC ULCER IN SLAUGHETER HOUSE – WELWARE
AND BIOSECURITY MEASURES AT COMERCIAL FARM
Jovan BOJKOVSKI1, Ana VASIĆ1, Nemanja ZDRAVKOVIĆ1, Teodora VASILJEVIĆ2,
Dragan ROGOŽARSKI3 ............................................................................................................ 354
SECTION 10: LAND MEASUREMENT, NATURAL AND HUMANISTIC SCIENCES MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS, COMPUTER SCIENCE AND MULTIMEDIA,
BIOPHYSICS AND AGRO-METEOROLOGY, BUILDING ENGINEERING, LAND
IMPROVEMENT, CADASTRE AND IRRIGATED CROPS
ELECTROCONDUCTIVITY AND PH VARIATIONS OF NUTRIENT SOLUTION
DETERMINED FOR THREE HYDROPONIC CULTURE SYSTEMS
Silviu CORPODEANU1*, Marcel DIRJA1, Corina CATANA2 and Adela HOBLE1 ............... 355
AN APPROPRIATE SOLUTION OF DESIGNING AND ACCOMPLISHING OF A
GEODETIC NETWORK FOR MONITORING OF THE CONSTRUCTIONS
Constantin COSARCA1*, Aurel SARACIN1, Aurel Florentin NEGRILA1 and Adrian SAVU1
.................................................................................................................................................... 356
CHANGES IN METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON THE
CLIMATIC IN CLUJ NAPOCA
Horia CRIVEANU1*, Svetlana MICLE1*, Cezara MIRON1 ...................................................... 357
MODERN TECHNOLOGIES USED FOR COLLECTING AND MANAGING 3D
DELIVERABLES
Caius DIDULESCU1, Adrian SAVU1 ....................................................................................... 358
RESEARCH ON EFFECTS OF ACTION ELECTRIC FIELD HATCHING QUAIL EGGS
Anca Ioana DINU1, Florina Marta POP2, Ancuta TENTER (RADU)3 , Horia CRIVEANU4 .. 359
30
CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING THE STABILITY OF LANDS AFFECTED BY SALT
MINING THROUGH DISSOLUTION
Raluca FĂRCAŞ1, Sanda NAŞ1, Andra PORUŢIU2, Mircea ORTELECAN3, Tudor
SĂLĂGEAN3*, Lucian DRAGOMIR4 ...................................................................................... 360
SUSTENABILITY AND PROPERTY TAXATION FOR INDIVIDUAL UNITS FROM
MULTISTOREY BUILDINGS
Elena – Cosmina GIUGĂ1 ......................................................................................................... 361
FUNDAMENTAL PARAMETER METHOD APPLIED TO X-RAY LINE PROFILE
ANALYSIS
Florica MATEI1*, Nicolae ALDEA2, Marius RADA2, Simona RADA3, Ioana POP1 and Oana1
POP ............................................................................................................................................ 362
ANALYSING SOLAR RADIATION IN SUCEAVA USING GIS FUNCTIONS
Andreea MIHĂILESCU1 and Ana-Cornelia BADEA2* ............................................................ 363
THE USE OF TOPOGRAPHIC MEASURING FOR THE STUDY OF SUBSIDENCE IN THE
EASTERN AREA OF VALEA JIULUI COALFIELD
Maricel PALAMARIU1*, Mircea BELDEA2 and Ioan VOINA3 ............................................... 364
THE INFLUENCE OF ELECTRIC FIELD ON SILYBUM MARIANUM SEED
GERMINATION
Marta Florina POP 1*, Anca Ioana DINU, Radu(Tenter)Ancuta , Horia Radu CRIVEANU .... 365
ASPECTS REGARDING THE DELIMITATION OF THE DUMBRAVA HUNTING
GROUND, CLUJ COUNTY
Nicolae POP1, Tudor SĂLĂGEAN1*, Ioan OROIAN1, Mircea ORTELECAN1, Paul
SESTRAŞ1,2, Ioan LUPUŢ1, Cornel ARSENE3, Petru BURDUHOS1 ...................................... 366
EFFECT OF GAMMA RADIATION ON PAULOWNIA (THUNB.) SIEBOLD & ZUCC.
STEUD . SEEDS GERMINATION PROCESS
Ancuta RADU (TENTER)*, Horia Radu CRIVEANU, Mihai VOEVOD ................................ 367
THE USE OF STATISTICAL ASSUMPTIONS AT DETERMINING THE SUPPORT
NETWORK POINTS
Tudor SĂLĂGEAN1, Paul SESTRAŞ1,2, Mircea ORTELECAN1, Dumitru ONOSE3, Adrian
SAVU3, Raluca Farcaş4, Andra PORUŢIU1 .............................................................................. 368
ASPECTS REGARDING THE USE OF TOPOGRAPHIC MEASUREMENTS FOR
MONITORING DRAGAN VALLEY DAM
Paul SESTRAŞ1,2, Tudor SĂLĂGEAN2*, Marcel DÎRJA2, Mircea ORTELECAN2, Dan VELE3,
Diana FICIOR2, Jutka DEAK2 ................................................................................................... 369
GIS APPLICATION IN LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE AND LAND PLANNING:
CREATING A WEB GIS OF THE CENTRAL PARK SIMION BĂRNUȚIU
Paul SESTRAŞ1,2, Tudor SĂLĂGEAN2*, Marcel DÎRJA2, Mircea ORTELECAN2 ................ 370
PROSPECT OF A GIS BASED DIGITIZATION AND SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF THE
UASVM CLUJ ORCHARD
Paul SESTRAŞ1,2, Tudor SĂLĂGEAN2*, Marcel DÎRJA2, Mircea ORTELECAN2 ................ 371
THE MONITORIZATION OF LAND SLIDES WITH THE AID OF TOPO-GEODESYC
METHODS
Istvan Botond SZILAGYI1, Marcel DÎRJA1, Mihai VOEVOD2 ............................................. 372
STUDY REGARDING RUNOFF IN DIFFERENT SUBSTRATES FOR GREEN ROOFS
Mihaela Simona VARVARĂ1*, Mihai VOEVOD1 and Marcel DÎRJA1 ................................... 373
31
FIRST MAPS FOR THE SYSTEMATIC REGISTRATION OF PROPERTY IN THE
KINGDOM OF ROMANIA
Doina VASILCA1 ...................................................................................................................... 374
ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF HEDERA HELIX L. CULTIVATION TO BY USED FOR
DEGRADADED LAND IMPROVEMENT
Mihai VOEVOD1*, Adela HOBLE1, Mihaela Simona VARVARA1, Ancuța RADU (TENTER)1
and Marcel DÎRJA1 .................................................................................................................... 375
SECTION 10: LAND MEASUREMENT, NATURAL AND HUMANISTIC SCIENCES PEDAGOGY AND METHODICS, APPLIED LANGUAGES IN AGRICULTURE
PROS AND CONS RELATED TO ENGLISH BORROWINGS IN CROATIAN
AGRICULTURE TERMINOLOGY
Anica PERKOVIĆ1* .................................................................................................................. 376
ENHANCED LINGUISTIC COMPETENCES –A PREREQUISITE AND A NECESSITY FOR
THE 21ST CENTURY AGRICULTURE WORKERS
Marijana DIMITROVA1* .......................................................................................................... 377
POSTER PRESENTATIONS .......................................................................................................... 378
DYNAMICS FREQUENCY OF TUTA ABSOLUTA ATTACK PRODUCED IN
GREENHOUSES FROM ARAD IN 2015
Raul BĂEȚAN1*, Stefania TÖTÖS2, Ion OLTEAN1, Teodora FLORIAN1 .............................. 379
RESEARCH ON INFLUENCE OF SOME POST-HARVEST CHANGES OF PEACH
GENOTYPES
Carmen BEINŞAN1, Radu SUMALAN1, Sorin VÂTC2 ........................................................... 380
INFLUENCE OF SALT STRESS ON QUALITY OF SOME ONION (ALLIUM CEPA L.)
LOCAL LANDRACES
Carmen BEINŞAN1, Radu SUMALAN1, Sorin VÂTC2 ........................................................... 381
THE DISTRIBUTION OF ALTERNARIA SP. ON BRASSICA NAPUS SEEDS
Lavinia-Mariana BERCA*, Stelica Cristea ............................................................................... 382
EFFECT OF A BIOFERTILIZER ON PLANT GROWTH AND YIELD OF PEPPER-PEPPER
CULTIVAR (CAPSSICUM ANNUUM L.) GROWN IN GREENHOUSES
Maria-Stela BRADEA1,2*, Aicha MESSAOUD1, Lila ABIDI1 and Salima KEBBAS2 ............. 383
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF VEGETAL EXTRACTS EXPRESSED IN GENTAMICIN
EQUIVALENTS INDEX (GEAA)
Giorgiana Mihaela CĂTUNESCU1, Ioan ROTAR2, Roxana VIDICAN2, Ancuta M. ROTAR3*,
Adriana Paula DAVID1 and Florina BUNGHEZ3 ..................................................................... 384
THE MOLECULAR POLYMORPHISM EVALUATION IN SALIX SP. ROMANIAN
ACCESSIONS – PRELIMINARY RESULTS
Mihaela CORNEANU, Sorina - Domnica POPESCU* and Cornelia HERNEA ...................... 385
MEASURES TO REDUCE THE DRIFT WHEN APPLYING PPP PRODUCTS
Ioan DROCAȘ, Manfred ROETTELE, Ovidiu MARIAN*, Ovidiu RANTA .......................... 386
32
EFFICACY OF FUNGICIDE PROGRAMMES FOR THE CONTROL OF LATE BLIGHT
(PHYTOPHTHORA INFESTANS) IN ROMANIA
Manuela HERMEZIU1*, Gavrila MORAR2, Radu HERMEZIU1, Sorina NITU1 ..................... 387
AGRO-MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF EGGPLANTS OF THE SOLANUM
AETHIOPICUM GILO GROUP FROM CÔTE D'IVOIRE
Auguste KOUASSI1, Abou Bakari KOUASSI1*, Koffi Brice Aymar KOUASSI1, Tah YvesNathan TIAN-BI1, Eric BÉLI-SIKA1,Oulo ALLA-N’NAN1, Jean-Claude N’ZI1, Assanvo
Simon-Pierre N’GUETTA1 and Bakary TIO-TOURÉ1 ............................................................. 388
MEASURES TO REDUCE THE OPERATOR CONTAMINATION WITH PPP PRODUCTS
WHEN PERFOMING SPRAY TREATMENTS
Ovidiu MARIAN, Manfred ROETTELE, Ioan DROCAȘ*, Ovidiu RANTA .......................... 389
STUDY OF CHLOROPHYLL PIGMENTS IN PHASEOLUS VULGARIS IN TERMS OF
HEAVY METAL COMPLEXATION WITH VARIOUS FORMS OF SULFUR TO REDUCE
THEIR TOXICITY
Lucia MIHĂLESCU1*, Zorica VOŞGAN1, Oana MARE ROSCA1, Monica MARIAN1, Stela
JELEA1, Anca DUMUŢA1, Aurel MAXIM2, Mirela CORDEA2 .............................................. 390
THE STUDY REGARDING THE INFLUENCE OF FERTILIZATION AND MIXTURE ON
THE STRUCTURE OF THE VEGETATION COVER ON TEMPORARY MEADOWS
UNDER THE CENTER OF MOLDAVIA CONDITIONS
Margareta NAIE1, Vasile VÎNTU1*, Elena TROTUŞ2, and Simona POCHIŞCANU1 .............. 391
USE OF SEMIOCHEMICAL PRODUCTS IN MONITORING AND CONTROL MELIGETES
AENEUS SPECIES
Ion OLTEAN1, Monica GORGAN2 Aurelia POP2, Laura MACAVEI1, and Teodora
FLORIAN1* ............................................................................................................................... 392
RESEARCH REGARDING THE INFLUENCE OF SOME TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS
ON SORGHUM CAPACITY TO FORM SHOOTS, UNDER THE CENTER OF MOLDAVIA
CONDITIONS
Simona – Florina POCHIŞCANU1*, Teodor ROBU 1, Margareta NAIE1 and Elena
TROTUŞ2 ................................................................................................................................... 393
THE EFFECT OF SULPHONILUREA HERBICIDES AGAINST WEEDS OF MAIZE CROPS
IN CONDITIONS OF SCDA TURDA
Horia Alexandru POP, Teodor RUSU*, Ileana BOGDAN ....................................................... 394
PRODUCTIVITY OF FESTUCA RUBRA L. –AGROSTIS CAPILLARIS L. GRASSLANDS
Ioan ROTAR1*, Mirela CIREBEA1, Roxana VIDICAN1, Florin PĂCURAR1, Anamaria
MĂLINAŞ1 and Ovidiu RANTA2 ............................................................................................. 395
PHYTOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISATION AND CICATRIZING ACTIVITY OF A
SPONTANOUS SUCCULENT DELOSPERMA RESEII
Abdelhak ROUIBI, M. KHALI, S. BOUKRITA....................................................................... 396
ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF ORIGANUM VULGARE
L. ESSENTIAL OIL
Cristian F. RUS1*, Georgeta POP1, Ersilia ALEXA1, Renata M. ȘUMĂLAN1, Andreea PAG1,
Ilinca M. IMBREA1 ................................................................................................................... 397
ENZIMATIC AND GENETIC VARIABILITY IN BACILLUS SPP. STRAINS WITH PLANT
BENEFICIAL QUALITIES
Oana-Alina SICUIA1,2, Iulian GROSU1, Florica CONSTANTINESCU2, Cătălina VOAIDEŞ1,
Călina Petruţa CORNEA*,1 ........................................................................................................ 398
33
THE INFLUENCE OF TILLAGE AND IRRIGATION ON THE MAIZE PRODUCTION
Violeta SIMIONESCU1,2, Monica TANC2 , Ion BULICĂ2 ........................................................ 399
THE BEHAVIOUR OF THE FALL-RAPESEED CROP PLANTED IN BRAILA PLANE IN
THE CONDITIONS OF THE AGRICULTURAL YEAR 2013-2014
Aurica SOARE * and Gh. VOICU ........................................................................................... 400
MICORHIZAL CIRCUIT IN THE ROOT OF AVENA SATIVA
Vlad STOIAN1, Roxana VIDICAN1*, and Ioan ROTAR ......................................................... 401
OPTIMIZATION WORK OF SOIL FOR THE CULTIVATION OF AFILA PEAS IN TURDA
AREA
Alina ŞIMON 1, 2 *, Teodor RUSU 2, Felicia CHEŢAN 1, 2, Cornel CHEŢAN 1, 2 ...................... 402
THE INFLUENCE OF TILLAGE AND WATER SUPLI ON THE SOY PRODUCTION
Monica TANC2 , Violeta SIMIONESCU1,2 , Ion BULICĂ2 ...................................................... 403
THE INFLUENCE OF CROP ROTATION ON AUTUMN WHEAT PRODUCTION
Monica TANC2, Violeta SIMIONESCU1,2 Ion BULICĂ2 ........................................................ 404
EVALUATION OF VICIA SATIVA L. AS GREEN MANURE: CASE STUDY OF GENOTYPE
AND PLANT DENSITY INFLUENCE ON N AVAILABILITY
Evangelia TIGKA1 * Dimitrios BESLEMES1 * Dimitrios VLACHOSTERGIOS1 * Dimitrios
BILALIS2 * ................................................................................................................................ 405
STUDIES REGARDING THE INFLUENCE OF ACTIVE SUBSTANCES FROM
MEDICINAL PLANTS ON SOME PATHOGEN OF WHEAT CROPS
Daniela TRIFAN*, Emanuela LUNGU...................................................................................... 406
RESEARCH ON THE INFLUENCE OF SOWING AGE AND DENSITY IN WINTER
BARLEY PRODUCTION, WITH ORGANIC AND MINERAL FERTILIZATION
Daniela TRIFAN1, Marcel BULARDA1 .................................................................................... 407
AGRO ECONOMICAL VALUE OF THE INULA HELENIUM L. IN REPUBLIC OF
MOLDOVA CONDITIONS
Victor ŢÎŢEI* ............................................................................................................................ 408
DETERMINATION OF LEEK YELLOW STRIPE VIRUS; (LYSV) IN ALLIUM GENUS
PLANTS IN SOUTH MARMARA REGION BY DAS-ELISA METHOD
Hasan Tuna TUZLALI............................................................................................................... 409
ASSESSING THE ABSORPTION POTENTIAL BY ESTABLISHING THE HIERARCHY OF
ZEA MAYS ROOT SYSTEM
Roxana VIDICAN, Vlad STOIAN* and Ioan ROTAR ............................................................. 410
FAUNISTIC STUDY OF LADYBIRDS (COLEOPTERA: COCCINELLIDAE) IN THE
BANAT REGION, ROMANIA
Ana – Maria VIRTEIU1, Ioana GROZEA1, Ramona STEF1, Mihai VLAD1 and Ionela
DOBRIN2 ................................................................................................................................... 411
INFLUENCE OF THE GRAZING CONDITIONS ON THE FLORISTIC DIVERSITY IN THE
SOUTH EASTERN PART OF THE GUTAI MOUNTAINS, THE MARAMURES COUNTY
Zorica VOŞGAN1*, Roxana VIDICAN2, Lucia MIHALESCU1, Monica MARIAN1, Stela
JELEA1, Oana MARE ROSCA1, Anca DUMUŢA1, Susana SFECHIŞ2 .................................. 412
34
SECTION 2: ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
WHEAT VARIETIES RESISTANCE TO THE BIOTIC STRESSES GENERATED BY
DISEASES – MAIN FACTOR OF AGRO ECOLOGICAL ECONOMY
Vasile Marius CĂRĂBĂŢ1, Mihai BERCA1, Roxana HOROIAŞ1*, Cristian Florinel
CIOINEAG2 ............................................................................................................................... 413
ECOLOGICAL INTERPRETATION OF SOILS FROM OANCEA VINEYARD
ECOPEDOTOPE
Maria CONTOMAN1, Alina SIMIONICA2 ............................................................................... 414
OPTIMIZATION OF EXTRACTION CONDITIONS OF TOTAL PHENOLICS FROM
SAMBUCUS BERRY POMACES
Francisc Vasile DULF1*, Dan Cristian VODNAR2 and Carmen SOCACIU2 ............................ 415
CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF A CROP GROWTH MODEL FOR
ASSESSING GRASS-LEGUMES INTERACTIONS
Daniel DUNEA1, Niculae DINCĂ2 ........................................................................................... 416
THE STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS OF MACROZOOBENTHIC COMMUNITIES OF THE
BEGA RIWER WATER
Anca-Andreea MARIN1*, Benoni LIXANDRU1, Milca PETROVICI2, Adrian SINITEAN2,
Florica MORARIU1, Dumitru POPESCU1, Valentin LATTI1 .................................................. 417
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF WASTEWATER REUSE
Violeta NICULESCU1, Ramona ZGAVAROGEA1,2*, and Corina CIUCURE1 ....................... 418
PHENOL DEGRADATION BY A HALOPHILIC ARCHAEAL STRAIN
Birgul OZCAN1*, Eda ACIKGOZ2 ............................................................................................ 419
IDENTIFICATION OF BENEFITS FOR THE INHABITS OF SOMESUL RECE NATURA
2000 SITE
Sînziana Ecaterina PAULIUC, Marian PROOROCU, Ioan OROIAN, Antonia ODAGIU ...... 420
CLIMATE CHANGE AND ITS ABILITY TO TRANSFORM FARMING SYSTEM IN SETIF
REGION- ALGERIA
Amar ROUABHI1, Mustapha KEBICHE2 and Miloud HAFSI1 ................................................ 421
IMPROVEMENT OF SOILS POLLUTED WITH PETROLEUM IN ORDER TO RESTORE
AGRICULTURAL CIRCUIT
Virgil SCARLAT1, Maria PELE 2 and Elena Maria DRĂGHICI2* ........................................... 422
WASTES FROM FORESTRY AND ENERGY INDUSTRY, AS POTENTIAL
BIOREGULATORS IN SOYBEAN (GLYCINE MAX L.) PLANTS
Corneliu TANASE1*, Valentin I. POPA2 ................................................................................... 423
POTENTIAL BIOREGULATORS FOR RAPE (BRASSICA NAPUS L.) PLANTS
Corneliu TANASE1*, Valentin I. POPA2 ................................................................................... 424
THE INFLUENCE OF CONSTRUCTIVE PARAMETERS OF DECANTERS ON
WASTEWATER PROCESSING EFFICIENCY
Daniela ZÂRNOIANU, Simion POPESCU .............................................................................. 425
COMPOSITIONAL STUDY FOR IMPROVING WHEAT FLOUR WITH FUNCTIONAL
INGREDIENTS
Livia APOSTOL1*, Mona Elena POPA1, Gabriel MUSTATEA2 .............................................. 426
35
OBTAINING AND CHARACTERIZATION OF FLUX-BASED PRODUCTS
Cosmina-Maria BOGĂTEAN1, Maria TOFANĂ1*, Emil RACOLȚA1, Sonia A. SOCACI1, Ana
POP (CUCEU)1, Elena S. BIRIȘ-DORHOI1 ............................................................................. 427
STUDY REGARDING THE ACUMULATION OF SULFUR COMPOUNDSIN WHITE
RADISH DURING THE FIRST THREE DAYS OF SPROUTING
Maria Doinița BORȘ1, Richard MITHEN2, Shikha SAHA2, Maria TRAKA2, Sonia SOCACI1,
Maria TOFANĂ1* ...................................................................................................................... 428
PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MALT VINEGAR WITH SPICES
Andrei BORȘA, Liana-Claudia SALANŢĂ*, Maria TOFANĂ, Sevastița MUSTE, Nicoleta
BORZA, Carmen POP ............................................................................................................... 429
OBTAINING, PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SUPERIOR FATTY
ACIDS FROM VEGETAL OIL [GRAPES, CHESTNUTS, CORIANDER, ROSEHIPS]
Ileana COCAN ........................................................................................................................... 430
STUDY CONCERNING PROTECTION BY ACYLATING OF HYDROXYL FUNCTIONAL
GROUPS (2.5 POSITIONS) OF ISOSORBIDE WITH ACETIC ANHYDRIDE
Ileana COCAN ........................................................................................................................... 431
QUALITY EVALUATION OF TRADITIONAL FOOD PRODUCTS FROM TRADE FAIRS
Alina A. DOBRE1, Mirela E. CUCU1, Marta ZACHIA1, Nastasia BELC1 ............................... 432
HOFMANN DEGRADATION, OF HOMOGENEOUS Β-ALCHYL (C12H25/C18H37)
POLYETHYLENEOXY (N=3-18) PROPIONAMIDES
Călin JIANU and Ionel JIANU .................................................................................................. 433
HOMOGENEOUS ETHYLENEDIAMINOTETRAPROPIONICS OLIGOMERS OF ETHENE
OXIDE POTENTIAL POLYDENTATE SEQUESTERING IN FOOD PROCESSING
Călin JIANU and Ionel JIANU .................................................................................................. 434
STUDIES ON FUNCTIONAL YOGURT WITH ADDED INULIN AS PREBIOTIC FIBRA
Mirela JIMBOREAN, Dorin ŢIBULCĂ, Ancuţa M. ROTAR, Carmen POP ........................... 435
COMPARATIVE ANTIFUNGAL EFFECT OF LACTIC ACID BACTERIA STRAINS ON
PENICILLIUM DIGITATUM
Adrian MATEI1*, Călina Petruța CORNEA1, Sorin MATEI2, Gabi-Mirela MATEI2, Steliana
RODINO1,3 ................................................................................................................................. 436
ACTIVE COATINGS FROM CHITOSAN AND NEROL FOR THE SHELF-LIFE
EXTENSION OF TABLE GRAPES
Adriana Laura MIHAI, Mona Elena POPA ............................................................................... 437
IMPROVING
FOOD
SAFETY
THROUGH
THE
DEVELOPMENT
AND
IMPLEMENTATION OF ACTIVE AND BIODEGRADABLE FOOD PACKAGING
SYSTEMS
Amalia Carmen MITELUȚ1*, Mona Elena POPA1, Elisabeta Elena TĂNASE1 and Mihaela
DRĂGHICI1 ............................................................................................................................... 438
ASSESMENT OF THE TOTAL ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY OF APPLES FROM
PHISIOLOGICAL FALLS
Elena Andruţa MUREŞAN1 , Sevastiţa MUSTE1*, Romina Alina VLAIC1, Anamaria Pop1 Vlad
MUREŞAN1 ............................................................................................................................... 439
ACRYLAMIDE IN FOOD – EU VERSUS FDA APPROACHES
Gabriel MUSTĂŢEA1* and Mona Elena POPA1 ...................................................................... 440
36
SOLVENT FREE MICROWAVE EXTRACTION: AN ECO-FRIENDLY AND RAPID
PROCESS FOR GREEN ISOLATION OF ESSENTIAL OIL FROM LEMON GRASS
Boukhatem Mohamed NADJIB1,2*, Ferhat Mohamed AMINE3, Kameli ABDELKRIM1, Saidi
FAIROUZ1, Mekarnia MAAMAR4 ........................................................................................... 441
LEMON GRASS ESSENTIAL OIL: CHEMICAL COMPOSITION, IN VITRO ANTIFUNGAL
ACTIVITY AND CONTROL OF SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE IN ORANGINA FRUIT
JUICES
Boukhatem Mohamed NADJIB 12*, Ferhat Mohamed AMINE 3, Kameli ABDELKRIM 1, Saidi
FAIROUZ 2, Tchoketch Kebir HADJER 2, Teffahi DJAMEL 4 ................................................ 442
EVALUATION
OF
PHYSICOCHEMICAL
AND
MICROBIOLOGICAL
CHARACTERISTICS OF MEAT PRODUCTS
Melinda NAGY, Sonia A. SOCACI, Maria TOFANĂ*, Crina MURESAN, Carmen POP, Ana
Viorica POP (CUCEU), Liana SALANTA ............................................................................... 443
PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND SENSORY CHARACTERISTICS OF PRETZEL WITH ADDED
WHEAT BRAN
Adriana PAUCEAN1, , Simona MAN1*, Sevastiţa MUSTE1 and Anamaria POP1..................... 444
EFFECT OF WHOLE MULTIGRAIN BLENDS ADDITION ON QUALITY
CHARACTERISTICS OF COOKIES
Adriana PAUCEAN1, Simona MAN1*, Sevastiţa MUSTE1 and Anamaria POP1 ..................... 445
STUDY OF IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MINERAL WATERS IN
TARGU LAPUS ARES
Georgiana Smaranda PETRUŢ, Sevastiţa MUSTE .................................................................. 446
EVALUATION THE SENSORY AND PROBIOTICS PROPERTIES OF THE YOGURT
SUPPLEMENTED WITH CARROT JUICE
Carmen R. POP1, Cătălina TOPAN1, Ancuţa M. ROTAR2*, Cristina Anamaria SEMENIUC1,
Liana SALANŢÃ2...................................................................................................................... 447
MICROWAVE EFFECT ONFREE AND ENCAPSULATED LACTOBACILLUS PLANTARUM
IN YOGHURT
Oana Lelia POP1, Lucian CUIBUS1*, Dan Cristian VODNAR1, Zorița DIACONEASA1,
Carmen SOCACIU1 ................................................................................................................... 448
PRELIMINARIES TRIALS FOR ULTRA-FINE FRICTION GRINDING OF SUNFLOWER
SEEDS - THEREOF TAHINI AND HALVA PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION
Emil RACOLŢA*1, Hatice SEMIZER2, Ferda SEYHAN2 and Vlad MUREŞAN1 .................. 449
ELABORATION OF AN INPUT – OUTPUT MODEL AS PRELIMINARY ASPECTS TO
OBTAINGLUTEN FREE PASTA ADDED WITH BANANA FLOUR
Petru-Bogdan RĂDOI1*, Minodora IOVAN1, Georgiana OLTEANU2, Ersilia ALEXA1 and
Daniela STOIN1 ......................................................................................................................... 450
PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND SENSORIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF FRANKFURTERS
WITH THE ADDITION OF CHILLI AND KIM CHI
Claudiu-Dan SĂLĂGEAN, Carmen POP*, Maria MORAR..................................................... 451
QUALITY AND SENSORIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF RAW-VEGAN BARS
Liana-Claudia SALANŢĂ, Maria TOFANĂ*, Sonia SOCACI, Cristina BARTA, Carmen POP..... 452
EVALUATION OF POLYPHENOL CONTENT AND ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF
SOME FRUIT SEEDS
Liana-Claudia SALANŢĂ, Maria TOFANĂ*, Sonia SOCACI, Carmen POP, Anamaria POP........ 453
37
PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND SENSORY PROPERTIES OF WHEY CHEESE WITH PINE
NUTS
Cristina Anamaria SEMENIUC1, Laura ZĂPÂRŢAN1, Laura STAN2, Carmen Rodica POP1,
Maria Doiniţa BORŞ2 and Ancuţa M. ROTAR2* ...................................................................... 454
EVALUATION OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS FROM FLOWERS AND FRUITS OF
BLACK ELDER (SAMBUCUS NIGRA L.)
Sonia A. SOCACI1, Anca C. FĂRCAŞ1*, Maria TOFANĂ1, Carmen POP1, Mirela
JIMBOREAN1, Melinda NAGY1 .............................................................................................. 455
EFFECT OF PRETREATMENT AND FREEZING STORAGE ON PEACHES QUALITY
ATTRIBUTES
Andreea STAN*, Mona Elena POPA ........................................................................................ 456
MICROORGANISMS INVOLVED IN SPOILAGE OF BAKERY PRODUCTS
Georgiana-Aurora ŞTEFÃNOIU, Elisabeta Elena TÃNASE, Amalia Carmen MITELUŢ and
Mona Elena POPA ..................................................................................................................... 457
MICROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF ROMANIAN DAIRY PRODUCTS OBTAINED FROM
BUFFALO MILK
Gheorghe ȘTEȚCA1, Nicolae MOCUȚA2, Vasile CHINDRIȘ3, Teodora Emilia COLDEA1* and
Adriana MOREA4 ...................................................................................................................... 458
IMPLICATION OF POWDERED MILK IN STAPHYLOCOCCAL INTOXICATION: A
CASE STUDY
Nicolae MOCUȚA1, Gheorghe ȘTEȚCA2*, Vasile CHINDRIȘ3 and Adriana MOREA4 ......... 459
MICROBIOLOGICAL
ANALYSIS,
DETECTION
OF
ADULTERANTS
AND
CONTAMINANTS IN RAW MILK AT FARMS IN CENTRAL ROMANIA
Gheorghe ŞTEŢCA1), Lenuţa ŞUTEU1), Teodora Emilia COLDEA1)* and Arghir ILEA2) ....... 460
HYGIENE OF RAW MILK FROM AUSTRIAN SPOTTED, HOLSTEIN AND ROMANIAN
SPOTTED BREEDS, IN THREE FARMS FROM CENTRAL ROMANIA
Gheorghe ŞTEŢCA1), Lenuţa ŞUTEU1), Teodora Emilia COLDEA1)* and Arghir ILEA2) ....... 461
OPTIMISATION OF POLYPHENOLIC COMPOUNDS EXTRACTION FROM RED GRAPE
POMACE USING DIFFERENT SOLVENTS
Adrian ŞERDINESCU1*, Laura ENACHE1, Lidia FÎCIU1, Elena BRÎNDUŞE1 ...................... 462
ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES RESIDUES DURING PROCESSING OF PRESSED
CHEESE
Dorin ŢIBULCĂ1, Mirela JIMBOREAN1*, Dan SĂLĂGEAN1, Ariana CARABA2 ............... 463
ASPECTS OF SPONTANEOUS FED-BATCH FERMENTATIONS OF HIGH GRAVITY
MUSTS
Roxana-Iuliana TUDORIE1,2*, Maren SCHARFENBERGER-SCHMEER2, Christian von
WALLBRUNN1 ......................................................................................................................... 464
INCREASING THE NUMBER OF CATTLE MEAT - CERTIFIED ORGANIC LIVESTOCK
HOLDING FARM
Marian-Daniel USTUROI1*, Valentin-Cosmin SĂRĂCIN2, Adrian VASILE3 ........................ 465
THE IMPORTANCE OF BEEF MEAT IN HUMAN ALIMENTATION
Marian-Daniel USTUROI1*, Valentin-Cosmin SĂRĂCIN2, Adrian VASILE3 ........................ 466
STARCH CHANGES DURING GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF THREE PLUM
VARIETIES
Romina Alina VLAIC1, Andruța Elena MUREȘAN1, Vlad MUREȘAN1, Crina Mureșan1,
Doinița BORȘ2, Ovidiu Petru MOLDOVAN1 and Sevastița MUSTE1* ................................... 467
GRAIL PROJECT: GLYCEROL BIOREFINERY APPROACH FOR THE PRODUCTION OF
HIGH QUALITY PRODUCTS OF INDUSTRIAL VALUE
38
Monica TRIF1*, Berta ÁLVAREZ PENEDO2*, Alexandru RUSU2 .......................................... 468
TERIFIQ PROJECT: MULTIPLE GEL IN OIL IN WATER EMULSIONS AS FAT
REPLACERS IN SAUCES AND READY PREPARED FOODS
Monica TRIF1*, Eva CSUTAK2, Natalia PEREZ-MORAL3, Tibor GAGYI2, Didier PINTORI4,
Malte BETHKE1 and Peter J. WILDE3* .................................................................................... 469
JAM PROCESSING ON CONCORD GRAPES VARIETY POLYPHENOLS AND
ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY
Anamaria POP, Sevastiţa MUSTE*, Adriana PĂUCEAN, Carmen POP, Liana SALANȚĂ
Simona MAN, Andruța MUREȘAN.......................................................................................... 470
NEW APPROACH ON SUNFLOWER KERNEL PROCESSING - PARTIALLY DEFATTED
PASTE WITH SEVERAL TECHNOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
Vlad MUREŞAN*1, Nadejda PÎNZARI1, Andreea PUȘCAȘ1, Cristina GHERASIM1, Emil
RACOLŢA1, Sevastița MUSTE1, and Carmen SOCACIU2 ...................................................... 471
INFLUENCE OF THE RAW MATERIALS ON THE MICROBIOLOGY QUALITY OF
BREAD FORTIFIED WITH VEGETABLES
Ovidiu MOLDOVAN1, Carmen R. POP1, Ancuţa M. ROTAR1, Romina VLAIC1, Maria Doinița
BORȘ1 and Sevastița MUSTE1* ................................................................................................. 472
EFFECT OF VANADIUM ON DRY MATTER AND NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION IN
MENTHA PULEGIUM L
Anastasia AKOUMIANAKI-IOANNIDOU 1, Pantelis E. BAROUCHAS2, Artemis
KYRAMARIOU3, Evrydiki ILIA3, Nikolaos K. MOUSTAKAS3 ............................................. 473
LIMONIASTRUM MONOPETALUM (L.) A CANDIDATE PLANT FOR USE IN URBAN AND
SUBURBAN AREAS. AN ANATOMICAL AND HISTOCHEMICAL STUDY
Anastasia AKOUMIANAKI-IOANNIDOU1, Roxani P SPENTZA1and Costas FASSEAS2 ... 474
EXPRESSION OF THE VACUOLAR NA+/H+ ANTIPORTER GENE (NHX1) IN THREE
PLANTAGO SPECIES DIFFERING IN SALT TOLERANCE
Mohamad AL HASSAN1, Enrico DANISO1, 3, Monica BOSCAIU2 and Oscar
VICENTE1* ............................................................................................................................... 475
THE EFFECT OF GREEN WORKS ON THE QUALITY OF ORGANIC GRAPES
CULTIVATED IN MURFATLAR VITICULTURAL CENTRE
Victoria ARTEM1,2, Arina Oana ANTOCE*1, Ioan NAMOLOSANU1, Aurora RANCA2,
Anamaria PETRESCU1,2 ............................................................................................................ 476
RESPONSE OF FLORINA APPLE TREES TO FOLIAR APLICATIONS OF FERTILIZERS
Valerian BALAN*, Sergiu VĂMĂŞESCU, Petru BALAN ....................................................... 477
CROWN FORMATION ON CHERRY TREES AFTER THE SYSTEM „NATURAL CROWN
IMPROVEMENT WITH REDUCED VOLUME”
Valerian BALAN*, Igor IVANOV ............................................................................................ 478
WILD MUSTARD (SINAPIS ARVENSIS L.) AND CORN POPPY (PAPAVER RHOEAS L.)
COMPETITION WITH FOUR PEA VARIETIES CULTIVATED FOLLOWING
CONVENTIONAL OR ORGANIC FARMING PRACTICES
Dimitrios BILALIS1*, Anestis KARKANIS2, Ilias TRAVLOS1, Andreas ANTONIADIS1,
Georgia NTATSI1, Penelope BEBELI1, Dimitrios SAVVAS1 .................................................. 479
THE ASSESSMENT OF THE MAIN CLIMATIC CONDITIONS IN NORTH-WEST OF
ROMANIA FOR VITICULTURE (1991-2013)
39
Florin Dumitru BORA1*, Tiberia Ioana POP1, Claudiu Ion BUNEA1, Anca Cristina BABEȘ1,
Delia Elena URCAN1, Ștefania BALEA1, Daniela POPESCU2, Maria COMȘA2, Maria
ILIESCU2, Nastasia POP1* ........................................................................................................ 480
EFFECTS OF SALT ON SEED GERMINATION AND SEEDLING GROWTH OF THREE
PORTULACA SPECIES
Orsolya BORSAI1,2, Mohamad AL HASSAN2, Monica BOSCAIU3, Oscar VICENTE2*,
Adriana SESTRAS1, Radu SESTRAS1 ...................................................................................... 481
MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF SCARLET AND GBOMA EGGPLANTS BASED
ON SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHIMS
Dionís BORRÀS, Mariola PLAZAS, Isabel ANDÚJAR, Pietro GRAMAZIO, Francisco Javier
HERRAIZ, Jaime PROHENS, and Santiago VILANOVA* ..................................................... 482
THE EFFECT OF FERTILIZATION ON THE LEVEL AND YIELD QUALITY OF
“CARISMA” CHERRY TYPE TOMATO PRODUCTION
Floarea BURNICHI1*, Constantin VLAD1, Carmen-Gabriela STRUGARIU1 ......................... 483
THE INFLUENCE OF THE INTERACTIONS OF SEVERAL FACTORS UPON THE
PRODUCTION OF DIRECLTY SOWN ONION CROP IN MIHAI VITEAZU AREA, CLUJ
COUNTY
Felicia Susana BUTUZA BUMB*, Emil LUCA, Enikő LACZI ............................................... 484
BEHAVIOUR DURING THE FIRST YEARS AFTER PLANTING OF SOME NEW CHERRY
TREE CULTIVARS IN THE PEDO-CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF DOBROGEA
Ion CAPLAN1, Gheorghe LAMURANU1, Constanta ALEXE2*............................................... 485
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE ANTIOXIDANT RESPONSE TO SALT STRESS IN
INULA CRITHMOIDES AND DITTRICHIA VISCOSA
Juliana CHAURA1, 3, Mohamad AL HASSAN1, Enrico DANISO1, 4, Oscar VICENTE1 and
Monica BOSCAIU2* .................................................................................................................. 486
DETERMINATION OF SUITABLE AREAS FOR VINE CULTIVATION IN NIĞDE-BOR
WITH LAND USE PLANNING
Nuray ÇİÇEK ATİKMEN1*, Nevin TOPRAK2, Emine ARSLAN3, Türkan Naz ÜNSAL2 and
Nihal ERDEM2 .......................................................................................................................... 487
STUDIES OF SOME PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL CHARACTERS OF SOME TABLE GRAPES
IN IASI VINEYARD
Lucia Cintia COLIBABA1, Liliana ROTARU1*, Razvan FILIMON2 ...................................... 488
THE BIOLOGICAL DECLINE OF THE VINE CAUSED BY THE PHOMOPSIS VITICOLA
PATHOGEN IN BLAJ WINE-GROWING CENTER
Maria COMŞA, Liliana TOMOIAGĂ, Daniela POPESCU, Maria ILIESCU and Cristian
CRISTEA ................................................................................................................................... 489
THE BIOLOGICAL DECLINE OF THE VINE CAUSED BY THE ESCA PATHOGENIC
COMPLEX IN BLAJ WINE-GROWING CENTER
Maria COMŞA, Liliana TOMOIAGĂ, Daniela POPESCU, Maria ILIESCU and Cristian
CRISTEA ................................................................................................................................... 490
THE EFFECT OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC FERTILIZATION OF LETTUCE GROWN
IN NFT SYSTEM
Elena Maria DRĂGHICI1* and Ionut Ovidiu JERCA 1 ............................................................. 491
40
TILLAGE PRACTICES IN THE CONTEXT OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND A
SUSTAINABLE VITICULTURE
Alin DOBREI1*, Alina DOBREI1, Florin SALA2 and Eleonora NISTOR1 .............................. 492
RESEARCHES ON THE BEHAVIOUR OF CERTAIN GENOTYPES OF CITRULLUS
LANATUS (THUNB.) MANFS. AT THE THERMIC AND HYDRIC STRESS CONDITIONS
Maria DUMITRU1, Gicuta SBIRCIOG2, Iuliana MANDRU2 and Alina BUZATU2* .............. 493
INTENDITY HETEROSIS EFFECT IN SGUASH CUCURBITA PEPO L. CONV.
GIROMONTIA ALEF
Maria DUMITRU1, Gicuta SBIRCIOG2, Iuliana MANDRU2 and Alina BUZATU2* .............. 494
QUALITATIVE EVALUATION OF GRAPE POMACE, AS A SOURCE OF BIOACTIVE
COMPOUNDS
Lidia FICIU1*, Adrian SERDINESCU1, Marian ION1 and Elena BRINDUSE1 ....................... 495
DROUGHT TOLERANCE AMONG ACCESSIONS OF EGGPLANT AND RELATED
SPECIES
Ana FITA1*, Fabrizio FIORUCI1, Mariola PLAZAS1, Adrián RODRIGUEZ-BURRUEZO1 and
Jaime PROHENS1 ...................................................................................................................... 496
OBJECT ORIENTED IMAGE ANALYSIS IN REMOTE SENSING OF FOREST AND
VINEYARD AREAS
Miro GOVEDARICA1, Aleksandar RISTIĆ1*, Dušan JOVANOVIĆ1, Mihai HERBEI2, Florin
SALA3 ........................................................................................................................................ 497
FEEDING BEHAVIOUR OF DIABROTICA VIRGIFERA VIRGIFERA ADULTS ON CORN
CROPS
Ioana GROZEA1*, Ramona STEF1, Ana Maria VIRTEIU1, Levente MOLNAR1, Alin
CARABET1, Carmen PUIA2, Ionela DOBRIN3 ........................................................................ 498
VOLATILE FRACTION OF FOOL´S WATERCRESS (APIUM NODIFLORUM) AS AN NEW
SPICE HERB AND INGREDIENT FOR SALADS
Carla GUIJARRO-REAL1, Ana M. RIBES-MOYA1, Ana FITA1, Jaime PROHENS1, Adrián
RODRÍGUEZ-BURRUEZO1* .................................................................................................. 499
FRUIT QUALITY TRAITS OF PEPINO (SOLANUM MURICATUM) CLONES
Francisco Javier HERRAIZ1, Santiago VILANOVA1, Pietro GRAMAZIO1, Mariola PLAZAS1,
Isabel ANDÚJAR1, María Dolores RAIGÓN2, María Dolores GARCÍA-MARTÍNEZ2, and
Jaime PROHENS1* .................................................................................................................... 500
THE EFFECT OF HYDRATION ON THE QUALITY OF ROOTSTOCK CUTTINGS
Maria ILIESCU, Maria COMŞA*, Daniela POPESCU, Liliana TOMOIAGĂ ......................... 501
THE QUALITY OF GRAPES AND THE SOIL PARTICULARITIES IN VITICULTURAL
CENTER BLAJ
Maria ILIESCU1, Daniela POPESCU1, Maria COMŞA1, Marius VASIU2 and Nastasia POP2*
.................................................................................................................................................... 502
RESULTS
REGARDING
THE
PHENOTYPIC
CORRELATIONS
BETWEEN
QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERS OF INTEREST IN IMPROVING GLADIOLUS HYBRIDUS
Denisa Andrea JUCAN (HORŢ), Maria CANTOR, Adrian ZAHARIA, Erzsebet BUTA ...... 503
TOMATO LEAF CURL VIRUS RESISTANCE IN TOMATO (SOLANUM LYCOPERSICUM)
HYBRIDS GROWN IN THE RAINY SEASON UNDER NORTH INDIAN CONDITIONS
Prashant KAUSHIK1* M.S. DHALIWAL2 and Jaime PROHENS1 ........................................... 504
41
SURVEY ABOUT THE MOST IMPORTANT CCP OF THE AGRICULTURAL
CERTIFICATION SYSTEMS IN GREECE
Aristidis KONSTANTAS1*, Dimitrios BILALIS1, Andreas KARAMANOS1, Nikolaos
MPEOPOYLOS2) ....................................................................................................................... 505
GERMPLASM EVALUATION FOR YIELD TRAITS IN SPONGE GOURD (LUFFA
CYLINDRICA (L.) M. ROEM.)
Abhijeet KUMAR1, Prashant KAUSHIK2* and Jaime PROHENS2 .......................................... 506
PLANTING DATE AND HARVESTING METHOD INFLUENCE ON THE YIELD OF
MIZUNA
Enikő LACZI*, Emil LUCA, Adelina DUMITRAŞ, Felicia BUTUZA BUMB and Păuniţa
BOANCĂ ................................................................................................................................... 507
THE POSSIBILITY OF INTRODUCING INTO CULTIVATION OF NEW SWEET PEPPER
HYBRIDS (CAPSICUM ANNUM)
Viorica LAGUNOVSCHI-LUCHIAN1*, Mona NICOLESCU1, and Valeria TUDOR2 ........... 508
RESEARCHES REGARDING THE SUITABILITY OF SOME APPLE CULTIVARS FOR
PROCESSING AS CLEAR JUICE
Vasile LAZĂR, Rodica SIMA*, Tincuţa GOCAN, Alexandru MARIAN................................ 509
INVESTIGATION OF THE VISUAL EFFECTS OF URBAN LANDSCAPES PROVIDED BY
THE PRESENCE OF FRUIT TREES
Tabita-Teodora LISANDRU1*, Viorel MITRE1, Adelina DUMITRAȘ1, Andreea TRIPON1,
Monica PAL1, Orsolya BORSAI1 .............................................................................................. 510
THE INFLUENCE OF USING CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES IN POMICOLE AGROECOSYSTEMS ON CERTAIN ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
Silvia MAGHEAR ..................................................................................................................... 511
RESPONSE OF SOME PLUM CULTIVARS TO BACTERIAL DISEASES CAUSED BY
XANTHOMONAS CAMPESTRIS PV. PRUNI (SMITH) DOWSON AND PSEUDOMONAS
SYRINGAE PV. MORSPRUNORUM DYE ET WILKIE, IN CONDITIONS OF NATURAL
INFECTION
Ioana MITRE Jr.1*, Viorel MITRE1, Andreea TRIPON1, Monica PAL1, Erzsebet BUTA1, Radu
SESTRSAŞ* .............................................................................................................................. 512
SOIL COMPACTION FOLLOWING SKIDDING OPERATIONS IN MOUNTAINOUS
REGIONS OF ROMANIA. CASE STUDIES
Horaţiu MUNTEANU1, Andrei APĂFĂIAN1 ........................................................................... 513
RESEARCH ON THE AUXOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF THE CROWNS OF THE
BLACK POPLAR TREES (POPULUS NIGRA L.) LOCATED INTO ALIGNMENTS
Elena – Camelia MUȘAT1*, Arcadie CIUBOTARU1 and George MUȘAT2 ............................ 514
CURRENT DEVELOPMENT OF THE FORESTS WITH AUTO ROADS. CASE OF FIVE
ROMANIAN FOREST DISTRICTS
Elena – Camelia MUȘAT1*, Crissanta Cătălina ANTONIADE1, Jean VIȘAN1, Horațiu Bogdan
MUNTEANU1, George MUȘAT2 and Valentina Doina CIOBANU1 ....................................... 515
INFLUENCE OF MAHALEB AND GISELA 5 ROOTSTOCKS ON THE GROWTH OF
BIGARREAU BURLAT SWEET CHERRY CULTIVAR
Monica PAL1*, Viorel MITRE1, Andreea TRIPON1, Mihai LAZAR1, Tabita LISANDRU1 .... 516
METHODS FOR HIGH THROUGHPUT ROOT PHENOTYPING IN PEPPER
Leandro PEREIRA-DIAS1 , Carla GUIJARRO-REAL, Ana M. RIBES-MOYA1, Adrián
RODRÍGUEZ-BURRUEZO1, Ana FITA1 * .............................................................................. 517
THE INFLUENCE OF TYPE OF SUBSTRATE ON THE PRODUCTION OF CUCUMBERS
IN UNCONVENTIONAL SYSTEM
42
Sorin PETRE1, Maria PELE1, Elena Maria DRĂGHICI2*......................................................... 518
WINES ENRICHED IN ANTIOXIDANTS: OPTIMISATION OF MACERATIONFERMENTATION PROCESS
Liliana PIRCALABU1*, Aurelia TUDORACHE1, Roxana PORUMB1, Elena BRINDUSE1,
Marian ION1 ............................................................................................................................... 519
IMPROVING THE ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY OF FETEASCA NEAGRA WINES BY
USING ARONIA MACERATE
Liliana PIRCALABU1*, Aurelia TUDORACHE1, Roxana PORUMB1, Elena BRINDUSE1,
Marian ION1 ............................................................................................................................... 520
THE EFFECT OF GREEN WORKS ON VINE ROOTSTOCK QUALITY GROWN IN
TÂRNAVE VINEYARDS
Daniela POPESCU1, Maria ILIESCU1, Maria COMŞA1, Paul CRISTEA2 and Nastasia
POP2* .......................................................................................................................................... 521
ASSESSMENT OF POLLEN VIABILITY AND GERMINATION RATE OF SOME PEAR
(PYRUS SSP. L.) CULTIVARS GROWN IN SUPER-INTENSIVE CULTURE SYSTEM IN
ROMANIA
Melinda PUSKÁS1*, Radu SESTRAŞ1, Henryk FLACHOWSKY2 .......................................... 522
GROWING ORGANICALLY TWO GRAPES VARIETIES IN CONDITIONS OF THE
MURFATLAR VINEYARD
Aurora RANCA, Anamaria PETRESCU, Victoria ARTEM..................................................... 523
EFFECT OF RIPENING AND GROWING CONDITIONS ON THE CONTENT IN
ASCORBIC ACID IN PAPRIKA LANDRACES
Ana M. RIBES-MOYA1, Ana FITA1, M. Dolores RAIGÓN2, Adrián RODRÍGUEZBURRUEZO1* ........................................................................................................................... 524
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE VOLATILE FRACTION OF ANDALUSIAN TOMATO
LANDRACES UNDER ORGANIC PRACTICES
Adrián RODRÍGUEZ-BURRUEZO1*, Estela MORENO-PERIS1, Ana M. RIBES-MOYA1,
Carla GUIJARRO-REAL1, Ana FITA1 ..................................................................................... 525
OPTIMIZATION OF IN VITRO PROTOCOLS FOR THE ISOLATION AND
REGENERATION OF IMMATURE EMBRYOS FROM COMMON EGGPLANT (SOLANUM
MELONGENA) AND SCARLET (S. AETHIOPICUM) AND GBOMA (S. MACROCARPON)
EGGPLANTS
Adrián RODRÍGUEZ-BURRUEZO1*, Miquel MARTÍNEZ-BUSÓ1, Juan Pablo MANZUR1,
Jaime PROHENS1, Ana FITA1 .................................................................................................. 526
CORRELATION BETWEEN THE FRUIT POSITION ON THE PLANT AND SEEDS
QUALITY INDICES OF GREEN PEPPERS (CAPSICUM ANNUUM L.)
Gicuta SBIRCIOG ..................................................................................................................... 527
EFFECT OF SALT TOLERANT EDAPHIC MICROORGANISMS ON TOMATO LOCAL
LANDRACES DURING GERMINATION IN OSMOTIC STRESS CONDITIONS
Brigitta SCHMIDT1* Ionel SAMFIRA1 and Radu ŞUMĂLAN1 .............................................. 528
CHARACTERIZATION OF A COLLECTION OF COMMERCIAL VARIETIES OF
CUCUMBER, MELON AND ZUCCHINI AGAINST MECHANICAL INOCULATION OF
TOMATO LEAF CURL NEW DELHI VIRUS (TOLCNDV)
Salvador SOLER1*, Maria R. FIGÀS1, Dionís BORRÀS1, and Jaime PROHENS1 ................. 529
THE INFLUENCE OF SOME FOLIAR FERTILIZERS ON TOMATO YIELD AND FRUIT
QUALITY
Gabriela SOVAREL1), M. COSTACHE1), Mihaela CROITORU2) ........................................... 530
43
BEHAVIOR OF SOME EGGPLANT CULTIVARS TO THE SOIL BORNE PATHOGENS
ATTACK IN THE GREENHOUSES
Gabriela SOVAREL, M. COSTACHE ...................................................................................... 531
RESEARCH REGARDING OF TECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF SOME TABLE
GRAPES VARIETIES IN THE EXPERIMENTAL FIELD U.S.A.M.V. BUCHAREST
Marinela STROE1*, Carmen BEJAN2 ........................................................................................ 532
DNA EXTRACTION AND QUANTIFICATION FROM TRUNK CAMBIUM OF EUROPEAN
BEECH (FAGUS SYLVATICA L.) FROM DIFFERENT PROVENANCE REGIONS IN
ROMANIA
Anna-Mária SZÁSZ-LEN1,2, Alina TRUȚA2*, Liviu HOLONEC2, Doru PAMFIL1 ................ 533
COMPARING DNA EXTRACTION METHODS FROM EUROPEAN BEECH LEAVES
FROM DIFFERENT PROVENANCE REGIONS IN ROMANIA
Anna-Mária SZÁSZ-LEN1,2, Florin Alexandru REBREAN1,2, Alina TRUȚA2, Liviu
HOLONEC2*, Doru PAMFIL1 ................................................................................................... 534
INFLUENCE OF THE TECHNOLOGICAL INPUTS ON THE RESILIENCE CAPACITY OF
THE VITICULTURAL ECOSYSTEMS
Adrian ŞERDINESCU1*, Marian ION1 and Liliana PÎRCĂLABU1 .......................................... 535
STUDIES ON THE ASSESSMENT OF THE POSITIVE IMPACT OF THE
IMPLEMENTATION OF MULTIFUNCTIONAL PROTECTION AREAS FAVORABLE FOR
AGRO-BIODIVERSITY OF THE VINEYARD ECOSYSTEM
Liliana TOMOIAGĂ, Maria COMŞA, Daniela POPESCU, Maria ILIESCU .......................... 536
MONITORING OF INVASIVE SPECIES DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER AND
DROSOPHILA SUZUKII, A SOLUTION FOR OPTIMIZING THE CONTROL STRATEGY
AGAINST THE ACID ROT OF GRAPES
Liliana TOMOIAGĂ*, Florin ŞERBU, Maria LUPEAN, Dorina MAŞA ................................ 537
THISTLES OF GREECE AND THEIR POTENTIAL VALUE AS MEDICINAL CROPS:
STUDY ON THEIR FIRST GROWTH
Ilias TRAVLOS*, Ioannis E. ROUSSIS, Nikos KARAMPASIS, Ioanna TABAXI, Dimitrios
PAPADIMITRIOU, Nikolaos KATSENIOS and Dimitrios BILALIS ...................................... 538
INFLUENCE OF THINNING ON FRUIT WEIGHT (GR) AND DIAMETER (MM)
Andreea Flavia TRIPON1*, Viorel MITRE1, Ioana MITRE1, Ioana MITRE Jr.1, Tabita
LISANDRU1, and Monica PAL1 ............................................................................................... 539
CORRELATIONS BETWEEN THE QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERS
OF SOME PLUM VARIETES, AFTER CHEMICAL THINNING
Andreea Flavia TRIPON1*, Viorel MITRE1, Ioana MITRE1, Ioana MITRE jr.1, and Monica
PAL1 ........................................................................................................................................... 540
STUDY OF POST-HARVEST STORAGE FOR VARIETY APRICOTS IN THE FAMILY
FARMS
Marian VINTILA*, Florin-Adrian NICULESCU and Daniela VERINGA .............................. 541
NEW BASIL (OCIMUM BASILICUM) GENOTYPES IMPROVED AT V.R.D.S. BUZĂU
Costel VÎNĂTORU1, Bianca ZAMFIR1 , Camelia BRATU1,Constantin MANOLACHE2,
Luminita CĂRSTEA3................................................................................................................. 542
44
ACHIEVEMENTS IN EGGPLANT (SOLANUM MELONGENA) BREEDING AT V.R.D.S.
BUZĂU
Costel VÎNĂTORU1, Bianca ZAMFIR1 , Camelia BRATU1,Constantin MANOLACHE2,
Marian VINTILĂ3 ...................................................................................................................... 543
BIOMASS CHANGES REGISTERED AT TWO SEDUM SPECIES
UNDER SOME
ECOLOGICAL STRESS CONDITIONS
Adrian ZAHARIA, Denisa Andreea JUCAN (HORŢ), Erzsebet BUTA .................................. 544
PROPERTIES OF SEDUM SPECIES APPRECIATED FOR VEGETATED ROOFTOP
SYSTEMS – A REVIEW
Adrian ZAHARIA, Denisa Andreea JUCAN (HORŢ), Erzsebet BUTA, Ioana CONŢIU ....... 545
IMPORTANCE OF INTRINSIC AND EXTRINSIC ATTRIBUTES OF CHEESE DURING
THE BUYING DECISION PROCESS
Gabriela CHICIUDEAN1*, Sabina FUNAR1 and Iulia MUREȘAN1 ........................................ 546
EUROPEAN AND ROMANIAN TRADE IN VEGETABLES AND FRUIT – EFFECTS OF
THE RUSSIAN EMBARGO
Camelia GAVRILESCU1*.......................................................................................................... 547
SENSORY ANALYSIS OF DEHYDRATED PLUMS AND PEARS
Cristina Bianca POCOL1, Laura STAN2* and Călin MOLDOVAN-TESELIOS3 ..................... 548
ANALYSIS OF SEEDS BUYING BEHAVIOUR OF CUSTOMERS WITH LARGE SCALE
AGRICULTURAL EXPLOATATIONS
Bogdan POP1* ............................................................................................................................ 549
USING SERS TO ANALYSE THE NEW RARE-EARTH -ACENOCOUMAROL
COMPLEXES
Luisa ANDRONIE1, Vioara MIRESAN1*, Ioana POP2, Camelia RADUCU1, Aurelia
COROIAN1, Anca ROTARU1, Cristian COROIAN1, Andrada IHUT1, Irena KRESTOVA2 ... 550
COLOSTRUM FROM DIFFERENT ANIMAL SPECIES – A PRODUCT FOR HEALTH
STATUS ENHANCEMENT
Mirela AHMADI1, Oana BOLDURA1, Cornelia MILOVANOV2, Dorel DRONCA3, Călin
MIRCU2, Ioan HUŢU2, Sorina POPESCU4 and Camelia TULCAN1 ....................................... 551
EVALUATION OF THE PHYTOREMEDIATION CAPACITY OF OREGANO, IN AN
INTEGRATED AQUAPONIC SYSTEM, BY APPLYING THE L.E.C.A. SUBSTRATE
TECHNIQUE
Alexandru-Cristian BANDI1*, Victor CRISTEA1, Lorena DEDIU1, Paul LUPOAE2, Ștefan
Mihai PETREA1 and Marian Tiberiu COADĂ1 ........................................................................ 552
EFFECT OF SYNCHRONIZATION AND ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION ON
REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE AND PRODUCTIVITY OF SHEEP IN THE SEMIARID REGION OF ALGERIA
Farida BELKASMI 1, Toufik MADANI2, Charafedine MOUFFOK2, Lounis SEMARA3 ....... 553
NUTRITIVE TRAITS AND THE USE OF GUAR MEAL IN THE NUTRITION OF FARM
ANIMALS
Mihai BENŢEA1*, Aurel ŞARA1 ............................................................................................... 554
THE ANALYSIS OF MOLECULAR DYNAMICS OF THE PLANT DEFENSIN NAD1
45
Marian BUTU1, Steliana RODINO1,2,*, Adrian MATEI2, Petruta PETRACHE2, Georgeta
FIDLER1 .................................................................................................................................... 555
SEM STUDY OF HAIR CUTICLE IN SOME CANIDAE BREEDS
Mirela E. CADAR*.................................................................................................................... 556
STUDENTS INVOLVED IN ANIMAL BREEDING
Mirela E CADAR*, Anamaria VÂTCĂ, Ilie CORNIOU, Ancuţa ROTARU, Ionel TOADER
.................................................................................................................................................... 557
MERISTIC AND MORPHOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF SPIRLIN, ALBURNOIDES
BIPUNCTATUS BLOCH 1782 (ACTINOPTERYGII: CYPRINIDAE) OF THE LETCA AREA
– SOMEŞ RIVER
Daniel COCAN1, Florentina POPESCU1, Vioara MIREŞAN1* ................................................ 558
THE USE OF DIRECT GENETIC MARKERS K-CASEIN AND DGAT1 INVOLVED IN
MILK PRODUCTION CHARACTERISTICS
Viorica COȘIER1, Emil COMȘA1, Radu CONSTANTINESCU*1 ........................................... 559
COMPARATIVE
PHENOL
BIODEGRADATION
STUDIES
OF
SPECIFIC
BIOREMEDIATION STRAINS AND INDIGENOUS HYDROCARBON TOLERANT
BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM PETROLEUM CONTAMINATED SOIL
Adriana CRISTE1*, Rodica POP2, Călin CHIOREAN3, Mihai MITREA3 ................................ 560
THE EFFECT OF SEA BUCKTHORN AND VITAMIN E ON THE WELFARE OF
ACIPENSER STELLATUS (PALLAS, 1771) REARED IN A RECIRCULATING
AQUACULTURE SYSTEM
Oana-Georgiana (VARLAN) DOROJAN*, Victor CRISTEA*, Mirela CREȚU, Angelica
DOCAN, Lorena DEDIU and Iulia Rodica GRECU ................................................................. 561
GRASSLANDS OF THE APUSENI MOUNTAINS, STUDIES AND RESEARCH
(LITERATURE REVIEW)
Bogdan Ionuț FĂGĂDAR, Gheorghe MIHAI, Nicuşor SIMA*, Adela Lăcrimioara BOTIŞ,
Doru Cristian CRISTE, Iulia PLEȘA......................................................................................... 562
ANALYSES OF THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF EXTRACTS OF BEE BROOD AND
ADULT BEES
Maria POJAR-FENESAN1*, Ana BALEA1, Irina CIOTLAUS1 and Mirela MICLEAN2 ......... 563
MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION OF FUNGAL ISOLATES FROM TEXTILE
WASTEWATER BY ITS-RFLP METHOD
Ovidiu IORDACHE1*, Calina Petruta CORNEA1, Camelia DIGUTA1, Steliana RODINO1, Ioana
IONESCU1, Adrian MATEI1, Iuliana DUMITRESCU2 ............................................................ 564
EJACULATE QUALITY IS INFLUENCED BY BOAR BEHAVIOUR AT THE TIME OF
COLLECTION
Vasile MICLEA1*, Ilona GYONGY2, Ileana MICLEA1, Marius ZĂHAN1 ............................. 565
COLOR TRANSMISSION IN THE CASE OF CROSS BREED SHEEP BELONGING TO THE
BLACK KARAKUL VARIETY
Ionică NECHIFOR1, 2, Constantin PASCAL1*, Marian FLOREA1, 2 ......................................... 566
HERBAL PIGMENTS FROM CALENDULA OFFICINALIS L. AS ANTIOXIDANTS IN
FOOD, PHARMACEUTICAL AND COSMETIC PRODUCTS
Cornelia NICHITA1*, Georgeta NEAGU1, Ana CUCU2 .......................................................... 567
ANTIOXIDATIVE PROPERTIES OF PLANTAGO LANCEOLATA L. EXTACTS
EVALUATED BY CHEMILUMINESCENCE METHOD
Cornelia NICHITA1*, Georgeta NEAGU1, Virginia VULTURESCU1 Ana CUCU2................ 568
THE STUDY OF THE MAIN MILK PRODUCTION TRAITS OF RED HOLSTEIN BREED,
RAISED IN SALAJ COUNTY
46
Grigore ONACIU1, Eugen JURCO1* and Octavian NEGREA2 ................................................ 569
DETERMINING THE CORRELATION BETWEEN SPECIFIC CHARACTERS OF
BUCOVINA SHEPHERD DOGS
Constantin PASCAL1*, Constantin Viorel GASPAR2 ............................................................... 570
TEMPORARY GRASSLAND – CONCEPT, GRASS AND LEGUME MIXTURES,
PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY
Iulia-Manuela PLESA (MEDREA)1, Gheorghe MIHAI1, Nicusor SIMA1*, Rodica SIMA1, Dorin
PLESA1, Doru CRISTE1, Adela BOTIS1, Bogdan FAGADAR1 ............................................... 571
THE IMPORTANCE OF GENETIC EVALUATION OF RED DEER (CERVUS ELAPHUS)
POPULATIONS FROM CARPATHIAN BASIN IN THE CONSERVATION OF BIG GAME
SPECIES
Horea E. PETREHUS1*, Mihai C. TIMBUS2, Augustin VLAIC1 ............................................. 572
TOPOGRAPHY OF THE INTERNAL ORGANS OF THE BROWN BULLHEAD, AMEIURUS
NEBULOSUS LESUEUR, 1819 (ACTINOPTERYGII: ICTALURIDAE)
Florentina POPESCU1, Călin LAŢIU1, Daniel COCAN1, Vioara MIREŞAN1*, ...................... 573
THE LINK BETWEEN INNOVATIVENESS AND MARKET ORIENTATION IN
BEEKEEPING ENTERPRISES
Anca POPOVICI1*, Liviu MĂRGHITAŞ1, Daniel DEZMIREAN1, Marioara ILEA2 .............. 574
GROWTH AND PRODUCTIVITY OF VARIOUS CAPSICUM SPECIES CULTIVATED IN
SOUTHERN ROMANIA
Roxana-Mădălina STOICA, Narcisa BĂBEANU, Ovidiu POPA* ........................................... 575
THE EFFECTS OF GUAR MEAL ON PRODUCTION PERFORMANCES IN BROILER
CHICKEN
Aurel ŞARA1*, Mihai BENŢEA1 ............................................................................................... 576
BIODEGRADATION STUDY OF SOME FOOD PACKAGING BIOPOLYMERS BASED ON
PVA
Elisabeta Elena TĂNASE1*, Mona Elena POPA1, Maria RÂPĂ2 and Ovidiu POPA1 ............. 577
WATER HOLDING CAPACITY OF RABBIT MEAT (BELGIAN GIANT BREED)
Gabriela TĂRNĂUCEANU (FRUNZĂ)*, Cecilia POP ............................................................ 578
THE ASH CONTENT OF THE MAIN MUSCLE GROUPS AND EDIBLE OFFAL
COLLECTED FROM HARES (LEPUS EUROPAEUS PALLAS)
Gabriela TĂRNĂUCEANU (FRUNZĂ)*, Cecilia POP, Paul Corneliu BOIŞTEANU ............ 579
STUDIES REGARDING THE BIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF AZOV SHAD (ALOSA
TANAICA, GRIMM, 1901) FROM ROMANIAN BLACK SEA COAST
George TIGANOV 1,2*, Lucian OPREA2*, Madalina GALATCHI1, Valodia MAXIMOV1 ..... 580
FISHERY DYNAMICS OF DANUBE SHAD (ALOSA IMMACULATA, BENNETT, 1835) ON
THE ROMANIAN BLACK SEA COAST
George TIGANOV 1,2*, Lucian OPREA2*, Valodia MAXIMOV1 , Cristian Sorin DANILOV1 581
AMERICAN BISON (BISON BISON) IN FARMS: A SURVEY OF SLAUGHTER
PRACTICES
Hilde VERVAECKE*, Stef AERTS.......................................................................................... 582
47
SECTION 8: VETERINARY MEDICINE - FUNDAMENTAL AND PRECLINICAL
SCIENCES
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION TRIALS OF POLYVALENT MASTITIS VACCINES
USING LOCAL STRAINS ISOLATED FROM DIFFERENT REGIONS OF TURKEY
Alper ÇİFTCİ1*, Hüseyin Cahit BAYBURS2 ............................................................................ 583
VAGOCOCCUS SALMONINARUM, A CAUSATIVE AGENT OF DISEASE IN RAINBOW
TROUT (ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS, WALBAUM) BROODSTOCKS IN THE AEGEAN
REGION OF TURKEY
Tansel TANRIKUL1, Meriç Lütfi AVSEVER2, Ertan Emek ONUK3* and Behire Işıl DİDİNEN
.................................................................................................................................................... 584
YERSINIA KRISTENSENII INFECTION IN CAPRA AEGAGRUS HIRCUS
Elena ROTARU1, Stelian BARAITAREANU2* and Doina DANES2 ...................................... 585
CONTRIBUTION TO THE STUDY OF THERAPEUTIC FAILURES IN CLINICAL BOVINE
MASTITIS WITH BACTERIAL ETIOLOGIES IN CENTRAL REGION OF ALGERIA
Amine MSELA*, Amar AIT-BELKACEM, Madjid SADI, Hamza KHALED and Mohammed
BACHIR-PACHA ...................................................................................................................... 586
RESEARCH OF SALMONELLA SPP. MULTI-RESISTANT IN BOVINE FECES FROM
CENTRAL REGION OF ALGERIA
Amine MSELA*, Hamza KHALED and Mohammed BACHIR-PACHA ................................ 587
HISTOPATHOLOGICAL ALTERATIONS OF PERMETHRIN ON KIDNEY AND LIVER
OF RATS
Dilek GUVENC1, Yonca Betil KABAK2, M. Yavuz GULBAHAR2, Tolga GUVENC2* ........ 588
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DAILY RUMINATION TIME, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY,
ESTRUS AND METABOLIC CHANGES IN DAIRY COWS
Răzvan Nicolae MĂLĂNCUȘ1* and Cristina Maria MĂLĂNCUȘ2 ......................................... 589
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF FAT AND PROTEIN CONTENT IN GOATS MILK FROM
ALPINE AND CARPATHIAN
Alina NĂSĂLEAN, Cristina ȘTEFĂNUŢ, Emöke PALL, Laurenţiu OGNEAN ..................... 590
MORPHOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION OF DIGESTIVE TRACT IN GOLDEN JACKAL
(CANIS AUREUS MOREOTICUS)
Florin STAN .............................................................................................................................. 591
CONTRAST CT EXAMINATION FOR ASSESSMENT OF INTESTINAL BLEEDING IN
POLYTRAUMATIZED CAT– CASE REPORT
Radu LĂCĂTUȘ1, Robert Cristian PURDOIU1*, Alin ORĂȘAN2, Filip ARDELEAN3, Ileana
MATEI3, Ionel PAPUC1 ............................................................................................................ 592
ASSESMENT OF THE VASCULARIZATION OF AN INGUINAL MASS – A CASE
REPORT
Alexandra IRIMIE¹, Alexandru Raul POP², Robert Cristian PURDOIU3, Radu LĂCĂTUŞ3,
Cornel CĂTOI¹ .......................................................................................................................... 593
THE INFLUENCE OF CORN FRUCTOSE SYRUP BASED SOLID FOOD SUPPLEMENTS,
DURING THE INACTIVE (WINTER) SEASON, UPON THE EVOLUTION OF MAJOR
BACTERIAL DISEASES IN BEES
Cristina MATEESCU1, Vasilică SAVU1, Agripina ŞAPCALIU1, Ion RĂDOI2, Carmen
NEGOIŢĂ2................................................................................................................................. 594
COMPARATIVE METHODS TO IDENTIFY FELINE CORONAVIRUSES
Cristina HORHOGEA1* ............................................................................................................ 595
48
RELEVANCE OF MYELOGRAPHY IN DIAGNOSIS OF SUBARACHNOID HEMATOMA
IN A ROTTWEILER WITH TRAUMATIC CERVICAL SUBLUXATION – CASE REPORT
Robert Cristian PURDOIU1*, Radu LĂCĂTUȘ1, Ciprian OBER2, Cosmin PEȘTEAN2, Ionel
PAPUC1 ..................................................................................................................................... 596
PRESENCE AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE VASCULARISATION OF AORTIC MEDIA IN
SOME MAMMALS
Flavia RUXANDA1, Aurel DAMIAN1, Vasile RUS1, Adrian GAL1, Cristian MARTONOS1,
Dalma CSIBI1, Cristian RAŢIU2 and Viorel MICLĂUŞ1* ........................................................ 597
CLINICAL AND LABORATORY INVESTIGATIONS CONCERNING THE BIOLOGICAL
EFFECTS OF A BOVINE MILK EXTRACT (LACTOSER) ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF A
WALKER 256 CARCINOMAS INOCULATED TO WINSTAR RATS
Ioan MARCUS*, Alexandra Dreancă......................................................................................... 598
HASSALL’S CORPUSCLES ASSESSMENT IN DOG
Vasile RUS 1, Adrian GAL1, Flavia RUXANDA1, Bianca BOȘCA2, Cristian RAȚIU3, Viorel
MICLĂUȘ1 ................................................................................................................................ 599
QUANTIFICATION OF THE ANTITUMORAL EFFECT OF SOME PHARMACEUTICAL
NANOSYSTEMS IN C26 COLON CARCINOMA IN MICE
Andras-Laszlo NAGY1*, Alexandru-Flaviu TABARAN1, Marian MIHAIU1, Cornel CĂTOI1,
Cosmina BOUARI1, Manuela BANCIU2, Adrian OROS1 ........................................................ 600
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL,
CLINICAL
AND
PATHOLOGICAL
FEATURES
IN
ANTICOAGULANT RODENTICIDE TOXICOSIS IN DOGS: 66 CASES (2010-2015)
Andras-Laszlo NAGY*, Alexandru-Flaviu TABARAN, Roland BLAJ, Cornel CĂTOI,
Alexandra POP, Adrian Florin GAL, Adrian OROS ................................................................. 601
COMPARATIVE STUDY REGARDING SOME REPRODUCTIVE PARAMETERS AND
BIRTH WEIGHTS IN RUSTY TSIGAIA BREED AND IN CROSSING WITH BLANC DU
MASSIF CENTRAL
Ioan PAŞCA, Adrian CÎMPEAN, Dana PUSTA1, Mihai Marian BORZAN* ........................... 602
SUSCEPTIBILTY TESTING OF SOME CANDIDA SPP. STRAINS TO KETOCONAZOLE
USING MIC STRIP TEST
George Cosmin NADǍŞ, Nicodim FIŢ, Flore CHIRILǍ, Cosmina BOUARI, Sorin
RĂPUNTEAN ........................................................................................................................... 603
STUDY ON THE WILD BOAR MEAT CONTAMINATION WITH PATHOGENIC AGENTS
INVOLVED IN FOODBORNE DISEASES
Cristina RÎMBU1, Eleonora GUGUIANU1*,Ciprian BOTEZATU2, Cătălin CARP CĂRARE1,
Cristina HORHOGEA1, Carmen CRETU1, Oana CIOCAN1, Andreea COZMA1, Cătălina
SĂNDULEANU3 ....................................................................................................................... 604
ASSESSEMENT OF RESPIRATORY FUNCTION IN MITOCHONDRIA ISOLATED FROM
RAT KIDNEY CORTEX
*Maria D. Dănilă1,2 , Andreea Privistirescu1, Oana M. Duicu1,2, Adrian Sturza1,2, Lavinia
Noveanu1,2, Danina M. Muntean1,2............................................................................................. 605
EVALUATION OF SOME REPRODUCTIVE PARAMETERS OF TSURCANA SHEEP
CROSSED WITH BLANC DU MASSIF CENTRAL RAMS
Mihai Marian BORZAN1*, Adrian CÎMPEAN1, Dana PUSTA, Ioan PAŞCA1 ........................ 606
FROM BENCH TO BEDSIDE: BIOETHICAL ASPECTS IN CLINICAL TRANSLATIONAL
RESEARCH
Tony HANGAN1, Dan NAVOLAN2*, Diana BADIU1, Simona VLADAREANU3, Radu
VLADAREANU4, Ovidiu NICODIN5, Bogdan PANAITE5, Sorin HOSTIUC6....................... 607
49
HUMAN EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS: TAILORING REVIEW TO BIOETHICAL
CONCERN
Dan NAVOLAN1, Simona VLADAREANU2*, Diana BADIU3, Radu VLADAREANU4,
Bogdan PANAITE5, Sorin HOSTIUC6, Tony HANGAN3 ........................................................ 608
BIOETHICAL ISSUES IN THE TRANSLATION OF KNOWLEDGE FROM ANIMALS TO
HUMAN STUDIES: THE ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTORS EXAMPLE
Irina RENTEA1,2, Violeta–Ionela CHIRICA1,2, Sorin HOSTIUC1,2, Ioan MARCUS3 .............. 609
BIOETHICAL APPROACHES AND RESPONSIBLE CONDUCT IN TRANSLATIONAL
RESEARCH: A CASE STUDY ON DEVELOPING A CENTER OF EDUCATION AND
RESEARCH IN BIOETHICS WITHIN THE LIFE SCIENCES AREA
1
Ioan MARCUS, Sorin HOSTIUC2, Irina RENTEA2, Ion COPOERU3, Corina CATANA1,
Assya PASCALEV4, Tatjiana GAZIBARA5, Maria ALUAS6 .................................................. 610
ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF AMNIOTIC FLUID-DERIVED STEM
CELLS
Daria Maria POP1*, Emoke PALL2, Carmen Mihaela MIHU3 .................................................. 611
Keywords. amniotic fluid, memesenchimal cells, pluripotency markers .................................... 611
RETINA EXAMINATION
András DOBOS1, Boglárka PENGŐ1 ........................................................................................ 612
DETECTION OF BRUCELLA GENOME BY REAL TIME PCR IN THE MILK OF SMALL
RUMINANTS IN THE WEST BANK
Elena AWWAD1,2, Mohammad FAARAJI3, Tamer ESSAWI3, Israr SABRI3 Kamel ADWAN4,
Issa RUMI2, Assad MANSARA2, Stelian BĂRĂITĂREANU1, Maria Rodica GURĂU1 and
Doina DANEȘ1 .......................................................................................................................... 613
CHARACTERISATION OF RABBIT HAEMORRHAGIC DISEASE VIRUS STRAINS
ISOLATED IN ROMANIA
Marius DAN1*, Stelian BARAITAREANU2, Alexandru Filip VLADIMIRESCU3 and Doina
DANES2 ..................................................................................................................................... 614
BIODIVERSITY OF TICKS AND FLEAS OF DOGS IN THE WESTERN BALKANS –
RESULTS OF PRELIMINARY EXAMINATIONS
Ivan PAVLOVIĆ*1, Dragan ROGOŽARSKI2, Srđan JOVČEVSKI3, Ferenc CSORDÁS4,
Novalina MITROVIĆ 5, Irina MIJATOVIĆ6, Dušan ĆIRKOVIĆ7, Stefan JOVČEVSKI3, Marko
RISTIĆ8 ...................................................................................................................................... 615
FIRST CLINICAL STRONGYLOIDESSTERCORALIS CASE IN DIARRHEA DOG AND ITS
TREATMENT, IN TURKEY
Sinasi UMUR1*, Yucel MERAL2, Cenk S. BOLUKBAS1, A. Tumay GURLER1 ................... 616
FELINE DIABETES MELLITUS AND DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSYS WE NEED TO
CONSIDER
Madalina ROSCA BURLACU1, Gheorghe SOLCAN* ............................................................ 617
EVALUATION
OF
BITCH
MILK
CYTOLOGY
IN
MAMMARY
GLAND
INFLAMMATIONS
Iosif VASIU1, Marina SPÎNU1, Flaviu TĂBĂRAN2, Mihaela NICULAE1, Raul Alexandru POP3
and Gheorghe Florinel BRUDAŞCĂ1........................................................................................ 618
50
CARDIO-THORACIC RATIO EVALUATION OF CARDIAC SIHLOUETTE COMPARED
WITH THE VERTEBRAL HEART SCALE IN CATS
Oana BÎRSAN*, Andrei BAISAN, Diana MOCANU and Vasile VULPE............................... 619
HELICAL COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY - ANATOMY OF THE CAT ABDOMEN
E. GAVRILAS, F. MIRÓ, B. BLANCO3, R. LUCENA3, P.J. GINEL3, M. NOVALES3 ......... 620
LOAD WITH SALMONELLA SPP. IN FATTENING PIGS AFTER WEANING UNTIL TO
FATTENING
Zoriţa Maria COCORA*, Ioan ŢIBRU ...................................................................................... 621
NON-THERMAL PLASMA ACTIVATED WATER (PAW) - A NEW BIOCIDE AGENT
ACTIVE AGAINST MYCOBACTERIA
Andra-Cristina BOSTĂNARU1*, Valentin NĂSTASĂ1 , Eugen HNATIUC2, Gheorghe
SAVUŢA1 and Mihai MAREŞ1 ................................................................................................. 622
WOBBLER SYNDROME - A CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
Constantin DARABAN1*, Vasile VULPE1, Florentina DARABAN1, Leonardo
MEOMARTINO2 ....................................................................................................................... 623
PREVALENCE OF CYPTOSPORIDIOSIS IN THE CALVES AND RISCK FACTORS IN
BLIDA (NORTH OF ALGÉRIA)
Mustapha DJOUDI * ................................................................................................................. 624
PIGEONS UNDERGOING X-RAY EXAMINATION
Mălina FILIPAȘ1*, Lucia BEL1, Cosmin PEȘTEAN1, Robert PURDOIU2, Liviu OANA1,
Horea CRIVEANU3 ................................................................................................................... 625
SURGICAL ABLATION OF A CUTANEOUS ULCERATED SKIN LESION IN GUINEEA
PIG
Jacqueline MOCANU, Teodora GARDAN, Bianca BOFAN, Anca CUCOS, Andreea
GEORGESCU ............................................................................................................................ 626
SURGICAL ABLATION OF CANAL EAR IN A DOG WITH CERUMINOUS
ADENOCARCINOMA EAR TUMOR
Jacqueline MOCANU, Andrei TANASE, Teodora GARDAN, Cerasella VASILESCU, Anca
CUCOS and Bianca BOFAN ..................................................................................................... 627
DETECTION OF ANTIBODIES AGAINST RABIES VIRUS IN FOXES SERUM AFTER
ORAL VACCINATION CAMPAIGN IN BUZAU AND GALATI COUNTIES
Mihaela-Anca DASCALU 1, Florentina DARABAN1, Marius DAN2, Doina DANES3, Stelian
BARAITAREANU3, Oana Irina TANASE1, Elena VELESCU1 ............................................... 628
USING OF GARRA RUFA FOR TREATMENT OF FIN ROT IN GOLDFISH (CARASSIUS
AURATUS AURATUS)
Clementina Luisa COJOCARU1, Calin Decebal COJOCARU2 ................................................ 629
A MURINE EFFORT MODEL FOR STUDYING THE INFLUENCE OF TRICHINELLA ON
MUSCULAR ACTIVITY IN UNINFECTED MICE
Ionuț MARIAN1*, Călin-Mircea GHERMAN1 and Andrei Daniel MIHALCA1 ...................... 630
VASCULAR CHARACTERISTICS OF AN INDUCED SHOCK MODEL IN SEVERAL
MAMMAL SPECIES
Sorin Ioan BESCHEA-CHIRIAC1*, Veronica BILD2, Gheorghe SOLCAN1 ........................... 631
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DAILY RUMINATION TIME, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY,
ESTRUS AND METABOLIC CHANGES IN DAIRY COWS
Răzvan Nicolae MĂLĂNCUȘ1* and Cristina Maria MĂLĂNCUȘ2 ......................................... 632
51
ORAL METASTATIC MELANOMA WITH NEUROSARCOMATOUS TRANSFORMATION
IN A DOG
M Yavuz GULBAHAR1*, Ahmet OZAK1, Yonca B KABAK1, M Onder KARAYIGIT2, Ayhan
GACAR1 .................................................................................................................................... 633
HYPERTHERMIC INTRAPERITONEAL CHEMOTHERAPY (HIPEC) ACTION ON
EXPERIMENTALLY INDUCED ASCITES TUMOURS IN WISTAR RATS
Alexandru SUPEANU1, Dan CRÎNGANU3, Bogdan MARINESCU2, Raluca NEGREANU3,
Teodora SUPEANU3 .................................................................................................................. 634
SECTION 10: LAND MEASUREMENT, NATURAL AND HUMANISTIC SCIENCES MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS, COMPUTER SCIENCE AND MULTIMEDIA,
BIOPHYSICS AND AGRO-METEOROLOGY, BUILDING ENGINEERING, LAND
THE COMPACTION – TEMPERATURE - HUMIDITY INTERDEPENDENCE IN THE
CASE OF A METALIC STRUCTURE LOCATED IN A DRAINED AREA
Cornel ARSENE1)*, Gheorghe Mugurel RĂDULESCU1), Mircea Vasile ORTELECAN2) ..... 635
THE APLICATION OF A SPECIFIC METHOD FOR MINING TOPOGRAPHY IN THE
CASE OF OBSERVATIONS FOR CROWDED AREAS
Cornel ARSENE1)*, Sanda NAŞ1), Sebastián JUCAN1) ............................................................. 636
SECTION 10: LAND MEASUREMENT, NATURAL AND HUMANISTIC SCIENCES PEDAGOGY AND METHODICS, APPLIED LANGUAGES IN AGRICULTURE
HER CREATIVITY AND RELEVANCE IN SCHOOL LEARNING
Izabella Margareta KECSKES * ................................................................................................ 637
THE DEVELOPMENT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE IN CHILDREN
Izabella Margareta KECSKES * ................................................................................................ 638
52
ORAL PRESENTATIONS
53
Section 1: Agriculture
ZOO-VETERINARY BIODIVERSITY IN THE CONTEXT OF ECOBIO-GEO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT FOR THE TWENTY-FIRST
CENTURY, CONSIDERING THE THIRD MILLENNIUM PROSPECTS
A.T.BOGDAN 1 Dorina Maria BOGDAN1, Ștefan MANTEA2, Iudith IPATE1, AmaliaGianina STRĂTEANU1, Dana COMȘA1, G.F. TOBĂ1, Diana PITIC3, M.Th.
PARASCHIVESCU1, C. HIDEG4, Mariana TRANDAFIR5, Mariana PIPIRIGEANU1
1
The ”David Davidescu Academician” Research and Study Center for Agroforestry Biodiversity
of Romanian Academy
2
The Romanian Group for Investments and Consultancy
3
Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca
4Sanimed International Impex S.R.L.
5
Danubius University Galaţi
Based on a professional activity running since more than 50 years by the first author
of this paper, under an integrated and innovative collaboration with specialists mentioned here
as co-authors, it is presented a review of our own results, considering the original paradigm
”eco-bio-geo-economy” applied in the environmental protection and sustainable development.
Also, there are presented original results related to technogene pollution of
environment and biological indicators of the degree of radioactive contamination of food and
feed from anthropic ecosystems.
The paper include diagrams inclusding the dynamics of agrifood bioresource
prognosis for humanity until 2100 and estimation scenarios for 2300.
54
ROLE OF FORAGE LEGUMES
IN INTENSIVE DAIRY FARMING SYSTEMS
Alex DE VLIEGHER
Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO), Merelbeke, Belgium.
*
Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected]
Keywords. lucerne, red clover, white clover, grass/clover
Nitrogen fertilization on grassland is restricted in Flanders (Belgium) in accordance with the
EU Nitrate Directive. Grasses are thus prevented from reaching their full potential for dry
matter and protein yield. Could red and white clover in the sward under cutting conditions
compensate for the decrease in dry matter yield and protein content caused by lower N input?
In addition the Flemish Government encourages farmers to cultivate clover (Trifolium
pratense L., Tp and Trifolium repens L., Tr), lucerne (Medicago sativa L., Ms) in pure stand
or in combination with to produce more farm grown proteins and to decrease the use of
mineral fertilisers. Finally in the frame of CAP the cultivation of N-fixing crops is stimulated
because this area can be classified as an Ecological Focus Area.
In this paper several experiments with clovers, lucerne and grass/clover will be presented and
discussed (De Vliegher and Carlier, 2008; De Vliegher, 2010., de Vliegher and D’Hose,
2015). The main parameters are dry matter and crude protein yield, crude protein content and
quality, energy content and residual nitrate content in the soil profile at the end of the growing
season. Several N-levels of fertilization were used. Preliminary results of grass/clover in
practice will be presented as well. To conclude benefits and constraints of pure stands of
clover, lucerne and grass/clover in intensive conditions will be discussed.
References
1. De Vliegher A. and Carlier L. (2008). Potential of fodder legumes under intensive
farming conditions in Flanders. Grassland Science in Europe xx: 236-238.
2. De Vliegher A. (2010) White clover effect on yield and quality of a Lolium perenne
sward under cutting conditions. Grassland Science in Europe 15: 211-213.
3. De Vliegher A. and D’Hose T. (2015). Grass/clover under cutting conditions: a
sustainable system of intensive, high quality forage production. Grassland Science in
Europe 20: 194-197.
55
CONTRIBUTION REGARDING USING SHEEP WOOL IN CROP
ENHANCEMENT
Maria ADI, Ioan PĂCURAR
Department of Technical Sciences and Soil Sciences. University of Agricultural Sciences and
Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca
*
Corresponding author, e-mail: ioan. [email protected]
Keywords. soil, sheep wool, fertilization, biodiversity, environment protection
Introduction. In every individual farm or agribusiness, it’s necessary a proper management
and use of fertilizers both for economic reasons and from environmental protection
requirements. Nitrates Directive (1991) encourages farmers to be more active in terms of
protecting the environment and explore new techniques; by minimizing fertilizer use,
biodiversity is assured. In many European countries, sheep wool is considered waste. Despite
it’s great characteristics (physical and biochemical) and its availability in large quantities,
sheep wool remains almost entirely unused. Sheep wool is 100% natural, durable, recyclable,
biodegradable, and contains no chemical or other environmental pollutants. Therefore, using
sheep wool in crop enhancement, has no risk of toxic substances reaching into surface water
or underground water, minimizing extracts compounds such as heavy metals, eutrophication
of surface waters.
Aims. The main idea of the project is the development of innovative strategies for
fertilization using raw wool sheep. Developing a logistic concept: Sheep wool from the farm
to the field.
Materials and Methods. The fertilizing strategy is based on the raw material, 100%
biodegradable - sheep wool. Expansion and sheep wool cleaning, shaping wool blocks,
cutting and grinding of the wool. Minis, wafers, perlite, treated soil.
Results. Improving the quality of surface and groundwater, reducing soil contamination with
toxic compounds and heavy metals, conservation of biodiversity and wildlife. Using sheep
wool improves human health by reducing the release of pollutants and greenhouse gases, it
reduces erosion and improves soil quality and structure. This will surely reduce production
costs, ensuring the growth of European farmer’s competitiveness.
References.
1. D'arcy, J. B. Sheep management and wool technology. New South Wales University
Press. 1972.
2. Spanish Ministry of Agriculture (MAGRAMA). Resultados de la encuesta ganadera
para ganado Ovino-Caprino. Informes 2011
3. http://www.icpa.ro/Coduri/Planuri_de_fertilizare.pdf
56
MAKING AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION MORE ETHICAL
BY DOING LESS
Stef AERTS1,2
1
Agriculture and Biotechnology, Odisee University College, Belgium.
2
Ethics@Arenberg, KU Leuven, Belgium.
*
Keywords. 6F, agriculture, ethics, food production, intensification
Introduction. Aerts et al. (2009) and Aerts (2012) have presented and analysed the different
functions of modern agriculture. Agriculture now has six different functions (6 Fs): Food,
Feed, Fuel, Fibre, Flower, and Fun. Rising population and demand, and increasingly scarce
inputs lead to an ethical need to intensify agriculture if all these functions are to be continued.
Aims. We aim to analyse whether reducing the number of functions is feasible.
Results. Only two functions (Food and Fibre) are essential as a whole. Food can only be
produced through agriculture, and the production of natural fibres is an essential supplement
to the petroleum based industry.
With Feed, Flower, and Fun partial gain is possible. Lower consumption of animal products
has ethical advantages, and the associated feed production would also decline. Stopping
animal production entirely seems impossible as it contributes significantly to a healthy
agricultural cycle. Increasing attention to nature conservation (Flower) or recreational
activities (Fun) are essential and irreversible, although improvement is possible. The
production of non-edible plants, drugs, tobacco, and ‘recreational food products’, could be
considered as non-essential.
Biofuels, of all generations, seem unable to add much to overall world energy security. Based
on the direct and indirect effects we argue that not producing agricultural products destined
for energy is a substantial sustainability improvement.
Conclusions. There are functions performed by agriculture that are ethically debatable when
agriculture is struggling to meet demands and become more sustainable. These should be
abandoned, thereby liberating agricultural production potential.
References.
1. Aerts, S., De Tavernier, J., Decuypere, E. and Lips, D. (2009). The 6 F’s of
agriculture. In: Millar, K., Hobson West, P. and Nerlich, B. (eds.) Ethical futures:
bioscience and food horizons. Wageningen Academic Publishers, Wageningen, The
Netherlands, pp. 331-336.
2. Aerts, S. (2012). Agriculture’s 6 Fs and the need for more intensive agriculture. In:
Potthast, T. and Meisch, S. (Eds.). Climate change and sustainable development:
Ethical perspectives on land use and food production. Wageningen Academic
Publishers, Wageningen, The Netherlands, pp. 192-195.
57
RESEARCH REGARDING THE INFLUENCE OF DRYING AGENT'S
SPEED AND TEMPERATURE ON THE WORK PROCESS OF CORN
DEHYDRATION
Vlad-Nicolae ARSENOAIA, Ioan ȚENU, Radu ROȘCA,
Petru CÂRLESCU and Cezara ZĂPODEANU*
Department of Agricultural Engineering. University of Applied Life Sciences and Environment Iași,
Romania.
*
Keywords. corn, drying, parameters
Introduction. For the proper progression of the work process for cereal drying it is necessary
that the distribution of the termic agent should be uniform and steady through the product
layer, so that the variation of the product’s humidity and temperature could be similar in all
the layer’s spots.
Aims. The purpose of this paper is to obtain a uniform distribution of heat in the product
along with a close variation of its humidity on the layer’s thickness.
Materials and Methods. In order to achieve those proposed, corn seeds with humidifies
between 16-25% were subjected successively to be dried, in three adjoining cells with a total
thickness of 150 mm. To fulfil the objective, in the context of investigations, there was an
installation designed and built for dehydration of cereal seeds in laboratory conditions,
consisting of a fan, an electric resistance heating system, a drying tunnel provided with three
cells for cereals, a command panel, as well as a data acquisition system, using sensors for
temperature and humidity for both the product and the drying agent. By varying the speed and
the temperature of the termic agent between 1 and 2.5 m/s and respectively between 40 and
80°C, were studied a total of 80 experimental variants. During the research, was monitored
the influence of the structural and functional parameters of the installation for dehydration on
the variation of humidity in the three layers of corn seeds, up to the moisture of 14%.
Results. The results of the experimental researches highlight the conversely proportional
variation of moisture in the three layers while increasing the drying agent’s speed and
temperature. Values of layers humidifies have varied evenly for temperatures up to 60 oC.
Conclusion. In the present research work, we demonstrated that with decreasing humidity the
porosity increases in the product layer, the drying agent speed increases, the drying agent
temperature decreases, and the drying agent humidity increases.
References
1. Țenu I. (1997). Tehnologii, mașini și instalații pentru industrializarea produselor
vegetale. Partea I: tehnologii și procedee. Iași: Publisher Bolta Rece.
58
APPLYING THE NEW METHODOLOGY FOR DETERMINING THE
SUITABILITY OF LAND FOR FRUIT PRODUCTION
Stefan BAKOS1,2, Marilena MĂRGHITAŞ2
1
2
Office of Soil and Agrochemical Studies Cluj, Fagului 1,Cluj-Napoca, Romania,
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Manastur 3-5, 400372,
*Coresponding author, e-mail: [email protected]
Keywords. methodology, pedo-climatic factors, suitability, fruit-grower.
Introduction. Favorability maps for the orchards territory were created using computer
programming techniques and programs specialized in geo-statistical interpolation. They
compare climate and pedo-logical conditions from orchards basins with requirements to soil
and climate for each crop.
Aims. This paper makes reference to the specific conditions for applying the new
methodology for estimating pedo-climatic resources in terms of land suitability for fruit
production.
Materials and Methods. The old system fit the fruit growing lands in 6 categories of
suitability taking into account the following indicators: soil thickness, useful edaphic volume,
degree of salting and alkalinity, depth of horizon Cca, active CaCO3, pH, mobile Al, vertic
character, slope, degree of unevenness, the degree of erosion, landslides, groundwater, global
drainage, non-gleyed soil volume, intensity excess moisture and flooding danger. This
simplified model of the new methodology was applied in two stages: in the first stage was
included the individual assessment of the suitability of species depending on soil variables
(pH, texture and drainage) and on climate (average temperatures, extreme daily rainfall and
the absolute minimum temperature during the growing season. In the second phase were
combined suitability scores of soil and climate, thus resulting in a quantitative estimates (with
numeric values between 0 and 4): the range between 0 and 0.5 is considered unfavorable, the
range between 0.5 and 1.5 is considered a little favorable, between 1.5 and 2.5 moderately
favorable, between 2.5 and 3.5 favorable, and more than 3.5 notes will give very favorable
ratings of that location.
Results and Discussions. The main advantage lies in modern processing climate and
pedological data using computational algorithms, which were drawn favorability maps for
fruit crops using for this software techniques and specialized in geo-statistical interpolation
(ARC-GIS-ESRI, Surfer 9.11.947, Golden Software INC.).
In addition it shows tables with concrete values for each fruit tree species in terms of their
requirements against limiting factors considered for calculating suitability note. The farmer
has the opportunity to check through Excel table territory framing interested annexed in note
suitability classes awarded for tree species.
Conclusions. The main drawback is the inaccuracy of the data which were available to draw
up maps of favorability, after which several localities considered as traditional orchards and
ponds received smaller notes of suitability. The new methodology does not take into
consideration a number of limiting pedological factors as: the degree of excess moisture,
salinity and alkalizing, active carbonates and danger of chlorosis phenomenon, factors that
can restrict partial or complete, depending on the possibilities of improvement, of the
establishment of new orchards.
59
USE OF SEX PHEROMONES IN MONITORING OF
TUTA ABSOLUTA SPECIES
Raul BĂEȚAN1*, Stefania TÖTÖS2, Ion OLTEAN1, Teodora FLORIAN1
1
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and
Veterinary Medicine of Cluj – Napoca, Romania
2
“Babes-Bolyai” University, “Raluca Ripan” Institute for Research in Chemistry, Cluj-Napoca, 30
Fantanele str., 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
*
Keywords. Tuta absoluta, leafminer, Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae
Introduction. Tuta absoluta is known as one of phytosanitary quarantine pest therefore is
very important to be able to detect the presence of it in a short amount of time.
Aims. This thing can be possible using sex pheromone traps which indicate the presence of
the pest.
Materials and Methods. This paper shows results obtained following the testing of
autochthonous pheromone synthesized by “Raluca Ripan” Institute for Research in
Chemistry, Cluj-Napoca. For the tests we used three types of traps: yellow colored traps,
Delta traps and water traps which have been placed on surface of 1.5 ha of greenhouse. The
entire experiment has been done in Arad`s greenhouses, and the monitoring time was 4
weeks.
Results. The results were very significant since the control trap has been the sex pheromone
existent on the market synthesized by foreign laboratories. The traps have been checked daily
and the average per trap on the entire time of observation was 6 adults in the Delta traps, 3
adults in the yellow colored traps and 8 adults in the water traps, for the autochthonous sexual
pheromone, and the results of the variant with foreign pheromone indicated 6 adults in the
Delta traps, 2 adults in the yellow colored traps, and 7 adults in the water traps.
Conclusion. The tested pheromone was more efficient than the control trap, which was the
sex pheromone syntesized by the foreign laboratories. This pheromonal variant was used to
monitoring the species Tuta absoluta or the use of pheromone traps in order to control this
pest under ecological conditions.
Acknowledgement. This paper was published under the frame of European Social Fund,
Human Resources Development Operational Programme 2007-2013, project no.
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
60
INFLUENCE OF ABIOTIC RISK FACTORS ON PARENTAL FORMS
IN SOME REGISTERED CORN HYBRIDS
Claudiu Gabriel BĂLAŞ-BACONSCHI1*, Ioan HAŞ1,2, Ana COPÂNDEAN2
1*
UASVM Cluj-Napoca
2
ARDS Turda
* Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected]
Keywords. frost, hail, hybrids, inbred lines, Zea mays
Introduction. Corn is one of the most important crops around the world, and like other crops,
yield may be affected by risks that manifest more strongly in recent years. In hybrid seed
production activity, these risks are even greater importance for both breeder and for hybrid
seed multiplier. Research on abiotic risk factors (hail and negative temperatures) are poor.
Objectives: Considering the risks listed above, the objectives are to test the reaction of certain
genotypes in different phenophases with manifestation of abiotic factors (negative
temperatures and hail).
Materials and Methods. genotypes analyzed were parental forms of hybrids homologated by
ARDS Turda, and inbred lines used in the creation of hybrids. The analyzed risk factors were
frost in phenophases of 5-6 leaves and 7-8 leaves, and we simulated a soft hail in 8-10 leaves
and after pollination, an average hail, a "defoliation" of 50% of the leaves and "defoliation" of
80-90% of the leaves.
Results. The effect of frost was almost insignificant in first phenophase, yield losses to 8% in
hybrids, and 12% in inbred lines. In the second phenological phase, low temperatures losses
of 51% in hybrids, and 70% in inbred lines. Hail causes insignificant losses before pollination
of 1% in hybrids and 0.5% in inbred lines. Instead total defoliation of hail, produce the loss of
71% in hybrids, and 70% in inbred lines.
Conclusions. Corn showed a remarkable ecological plasticity in unfavorable phenomena in
early phenophases. However, if the phenomena occurring in the later phenophases, both
hybrids and inbred lines respond negatively in terms of yield, thousand grain weight, and corn
cob yield. For inbred lines, negative temperatures have a stronger effect compared to the
damage caused by hail. For both hybrids and inbred lines, hail caused a greater damage
compared with frost.
References
1. Dwyer L. M., D. W. Tewart, L. Evenson And B. L. Ma, 1994, Maize Growth and
Yield Following Late Summer Hail, Crop Science, vol 34, 1400-1403
2. Egharevba P. N., R. D. Horrocks And M. S. Zuber, 1976, Dry Matter Accumulation in
Maize in Response to Defoliation, Agronomy Journal vol 68 vol 1 pag 40-43
61
STUDY OF DYNAMICS SPAD AND NDVI VALUES OF POTATO
PLANTS ACCORDING TO THE DIFFERENTIATED FERTILIZATION
Nina BĂRĂSCU1,2, Marcel M. DUDA1 , Gheorghe OLTEANU2
1
2
National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beet
Keywords. potato, dynamics, NPK, NDVI, SPAD
Introduction. Potato fertilization (especially nitrogen fertilization) has repercussions on the
dynamics of plant growth and the production and quality.
Recent results of research on the dynamics of NDVI and SPAD values of potatoes indicates
ample opportunities to use these non-invasive measures to monitor the condition of vegetation
in different crop growing conditions (Puiu et al. 2012; Shukla et al. 2007).
Aims. The researches were conducted to obtain information on the possibilities of noninvasive assessment of NPK fertilization effects on the state of potato plants growing in nonirrigated conditions.
Materials and Methods. Between 2013-2014, in Brasov were performed measurements of
vegetation index NDVI, chlorophyll content and measurements of plant varieties Christian
and Roclas harvested in dynamic, on two levels of nitrogen fertilization, N100 and N200 NPK
reports 1: 1: 1 and 1: 0.9: 2.
Results. On the second decade of June 2013, the NDVI mean of Christian variety plants was
88.7, compared to 86.9 at Roclas variety. The SPAD values were 46.6 and 44.7. On 2014, a
year with higher humidity, NDVI average values were higher on both varieties (91.6 and
90.8) and the SPAD values were lower (41.8 and 41.5).
NDVI values of potato plants from fertilized variants were statistically differentiated
according by variety, especially in the second part of the growing season. Through SPAD
values differentiation of fertilization variants has been possible throughout the entire period
observed.
Conclusion. Hydrothermical conditions of vegetations limits the separation of fertilization
variants with NDVI measurements, while SPAD values reflect supply plants with nitrogen.
References:
1. Puiu Isabela, G. Olteanu, G. Morar, Maria Ianoşi, 2012, Monitoring the vegetation
status of potato, Agricultura – Ştiinţă şi practică nr. 1- 2 (81-82).
2. Shukla, A. K., M.A. Khan, N.C. Upadhayay, B.P. Singh, S.S. Lal and S.K. Pandey,
2007, Chlorophyll meter: a tool for assessing dynamic nitrogen supply in potato crop
under organic vis-a-vis inorganic nutrient management options, Potato Journal 34 (12):95-96.
62
CONTRIBUTION OF ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZA TO
PRODUCTIVITY OF BARLEY ON CONTRASTING CROPPING
SYSTEMS, IN CENTRAL GREECE
Dimitrios BESLEMES1, Evangelia TIGKA1, Dimitrios VLACHOSTERGIOS1 and
Dimitrios BILALIS2*
1
Istitution of Industrial and Fodder Crops. Hellenic Agricultural Organization “DEMETER, Greece.
2
Department of Agronomy. Agricultural University of Athens, Greece.
*
Keywords. Arbuscular myccorrhiza, barley, cropping systems.
Introduction. The impact of management systems is of great practical significance to the
contribution of AM to crop nutrition and growth (Ryan and Graham, 2002). Crop
management involves a range of practices which can impact on the AM association, both
directly, by damaging or killing AMF and indirectly, by creating conditions either favourable
or unfavourable to AMF (Gosling et al., 2006).
Aims. The objective of our study was to evaluate the effect of AM inoculation on productivity
of barley, under different levels of fertilization on organic or conventional agricultural
systems. In addition, the mycorrhizal dependency of each system was studied for all
fertilization levels.
Materials and Methods. The experiment fields were settled in central Greece, on clayey soil.
The experiment followed the split plot design. Growth parameters (e.g. plant height, total
biomass production, seed yield, Leaf Area Index, Harvest Index) were monitored throughout
cultivation period. Percentage of root AM colonization and mycorrhizal dependency were
also measured for each treatment.
Results. The results indicated that AM inoculation has a positive effect on growth parameters
and final productivity of barley. Plants of inoculated plots reached higher final height, higher
LAI, and higher seed yield. Inorganic fertilization suppressed AM root colonization,
especially when higher rates of inorganic fertilizers were applied. In contrast, organic
fertilization did not suppressed AM colonization, especially in the case of AM inoculation.
The mycorrhizal dependency was higher for the low-input cropping systems.
Conclusion. In the present research work, we demonstrated that AM inoculation can
positively affect the growth and productivity of barley, in both organic and conventional
cultivation.
References
1. Gosling P., Hodge A., Goodlass G. and Bending G.D. (2006). Arbuscular mycorrhizal
fungi and organic farming. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 113: 17–35.
2. Ryan M. G. and Graham J. H. (2002). Is there a role for arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
in production agriculture? Plant Soil 244: 263–271.
63
QUALITY FEATURES ANALYSIS OF AN ASSORTMENT OF WINTER
WHEAT GENOTYPES TESTED AT A.R.D.S. TURDA, IN THE YEAR
OF 2014
Camelia CAZACU (URDĂ)1,2, Rozalia KADAR2, Marcel M. DUDA1
1
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Romania
2
Agricultural Research and Development Station Turda, Romanina
*
Key words: production, quality, Turda area, winter wheat.
Introduction. Creating winter wheat genotypes that comply the requirements of the bakery
industry in terms of its quality, it is one of the objectives for worldwide breeders
(HRUSKOVA, 2000). In consideration of climate change, the paper studies the protein,
gluten and ash content for 100 winter wheat genotypes under stress caused by chemical
desiccation.
Aims. Quality indices were studied for 100 winter wheat genotypes. To identify the influence
of drought on these quality indicators, 2 weeks after flowering, genotypes were treated with
NaClO3 (2%) in order to induce drought artificially.
Materials and Methods. Experience was placed in the experimental field of cereals breeding
laboratory from A.R.D.S. Turda, in the year 2014, where quality indices were studied for 100
winter wheat genotypes.
Results. Genotypes desiccation, 2 weeks after flowering, has affected both in terms of quality
and in terms of production. Apullum and Aniversar varieties had a protein content higher than
10% in normal conditions and over 12% in dry conditions. In dry conditions, first 10
genotypes have values of wet gluten content highest than 33%. First 10 genotypes with
highest ash content shows that desiccated genotypes have higher values for ash content than
genotypes grown in normal conditions. In terms of yield, Bezostaia variety was affected by
chemical stress caused after flowering achieving, in this case, an yeald of 2,860 kg/ha with a
rate of reduction of 56.77%.
Conclusions. We recomand for breeding programs in terms of quality parameters to use as
genitors varieties that had high protein and gluten content before desiccation and also after
chemical desiccation.
For drought tolerance we recomand to grow genotypes like Glosa and Gruia. These varieties
had high yield and a rate of reduction after chemical desiccation of 32.05% and 31.53%.
References
1. Hruskova Marie, Katerina Hanzlikova, Radek Varacek, 2000, Wheat and flour quality
relations in a commercial mill, Czech J. Food Sci.
Aknowledgements. This paper was published under the frame of European Social Fund,
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
64
ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF PARSLEY
(PETROSELINUM CRISPUM), DILL (ANETHUM GRAVEOLENS) AND
LOVAGE (LEVISTICUM OFFICINALE)
Giorgiana Mihaela CĂTUNESCU1, Ioan ROTAR2, Roxana VIDICAN2*, Ancuta M.
ROTAR3*, Mircea MUNTEAN1, Ovidiu MARIAN1 and Florina BUNGHEZ3
1
Department of Technical and Soil Sciences. Faculty of Agriculture. UASMV Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
2
Department of Plant Culture. Faculty of Agriculture. UASMV Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
3
Department of Food Engineering. Faculty of Food Science and Technology. UASMV Cluj-Napoca,
Romania.
*
Keywords. disc diffusion assay, DPPH, herbs
Introduction. Herbs are said to have curative proprieties and scientific studies have
confirmed several benefits on human health. Herbs are studied for their antioxidant activity,
but they also possess antimicrobial properties. Improper handling and storage conditions,
together with processing, being it minimal, may lead to decreases in bioactive compounds
content.
Aims. The study aims to assess the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of vegetal extracts
obtained from three minimal processed herbs.
Materials and Methods. Parsley (Petroselinum crispum), dill (Anethum graveolens) and
lovage (Levisticum officinale) were minimally processed. The antioxidant activity was
determined for methanol extracts. It was assessed using DPPH radical scavenging method.
Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion assay was used to determine the antibacterial activity against
Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium and Stafilococcus aureus. That
results were reported to the fresh weight of herbs. Statistical analyses were performed using
ANOVA (p<0,05), Fisher (LSD, α = 5%), Pearson correlation coefficient.
Results. Lovage had the strongest antioxidant activity, followed by dill and parsley. But,
statistically, the three herbs belonged in the same category. But no significant differences
were obtained when comparing the results with vitamin C and gallic acid. All three herbs
presented antimicrobial activity, but it depended on the tested microorganism. Dill mostly
inhibited S. aureus and B. cereus, while lovage and parsley affected E. coli and S.
typhimurium.
Conclusion. All three minimally processed herbs showed bioactive properties, but to a
different extent. Lovage was the strongest antioxidant, while Gram-positive microorganisms
were inhibited especially by dill, and Gram-negative by lovage and parsley.
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
65
RESEARCH REGARDING THE INFLUENCE WEED CONTROL
TREATMENTS ON PRODUCTION AND QUALITATIVE INDICATORS
SOYBEAN CULTIVATED IN MINIMUM TILLAGE SYSTEM
Cornel CHEŢAN1,2*, Teodor RUSU2, Felicia, CHEŢAN1,2 ,Alina ŞIMON1,2
1
2
Agricultural Research and Development Station, Turda, Romania,
Keywords. soil tillage systems, treatments, yield, quality, climatic conditions.
Introduction. Minimum tillage seeding system (MT) has evolved over time to an economic
system of sustainable agriculture as an alternative to the conventional system (CS). This
system improves the physical, chemical and biological soil properties, reduces the risk of
environmental pollution by reducing losses of nutrients and decreased direct and indirect
greenhouse gas (CO2). In that direction, minimum soil tillage systems should be applied
appropriate it aimed: reducing soil erosion and compaction, reducing energy consumption,
plant protection, soil and water conservation, fuel economy.
Aims.Research conducted at ARDS Turda in the years 2013 and 2014 have followed the
effect of 12 variants of herbicides used to control weeds in soybean crop, sown in two tillage
systems (classical system and minimal tillage system), on the soybean production and quality
indicators.
Materials and Methods. The research was conducted in years 2013 and 2014, the ARDS
Turda. Experimental factors were: A -Year 2 graduations: A1-2013; A2-2014; B-tillage
system with too graduation: B1 system with conventional tillage (SC): 30 cm plowing rotary
harrow a deep + sowing+ fertilized; B2-system minimum tillage (MT): soil processing with
chisel + rotary harrow while sowing fertilization; C-12 variants herbicide graduations C1
untreated control; C2-C12: doses, combinations, and different times of application of the
herbicides.
Results. Higher values of production (2635 kg/ha) have been obtained from soybean
cultivation in classical system compared to the system with minimal work, where average
yields were achieved by 2131 kg / ha; considerable difference very negative, 504 kg / ha.
Drought in the spring of 2013 had a negative effect on soybean emergence and the effect of
treatments applied to soil after sowing of resulted in yields achieved.Due to drought in 2013
installed, weight soybeans (MMB) had the value of 163 grams, compared to 2014, which
favored the rich in rainfall cultural development throughout the growing season, resulting in
high production obtained value MMB 185 grams, grains exceeding 22 grams TKW obtained
in 2013.
Conclusion. Treatments significantly influence distinct and highly significant positive in
grains fat content but very significant negative content in protein.Tillage system significantly
positive influence of fat content in soybeans and very significantly negative content in
protein.
Acknowledgments: This paper was published under the frame of European Social Fund,
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
66
SOY CULTURE IN MINIMUM TILLAGE AND THE INFLUENCE ON
SOIL ATTRIBUTES, ARDS TURDA, 2005-2014
Felicia CHEŢAN1,2*, Cornel CHEŢAN1,2, Teodor RUSU2 şi Alina ŞIMON1,2
1
2
Agricultural Research and Development Station, Turda, Romania
Keywords. climate conditions, compaction, fertility, minimum tillage, soybean.
Introduction. By removing land vegetation are exposed to a prolonged rainfall and wind
erosion favors. Strong erosion occurs on slopes. Water from precipitation (rain) falling on
bare ground vegetation, slope, directly strikes the surface layer of soil and destroys it, some of
the units are shot and bruised soil surface.
Aims. By applying minimum tillage system soil at ARDS Turda, is intended primarily to
combat soil erosion, keeping the water in the soil, increasing fertility, protection of the
environment.
Materials and Methods. Experiment realised at SCDA Turda, includes two ways of tillage,
conventional (classical system) in parallel to the conservative (minimum tillage), in a 3 years
crop rotation: maize-soybean-autumn wheat, with experimental variants that include
technological measures that contribute to plant vegetation control in the experiment, namely:
fertilization and treatments. Experimental factors: A - soil tillage system; B - fertilizer with 2
graduation; C - years with 10 graduation.
Results. In variants with additional fertilization humus content in the middle and the choice
of single fertilization humus varies from poor to middle in minimal tillage system compared
to the classic system where the variant with one fertilization content is weak and additional
fertilization variant in content in humus varies from medium to weak. Total nitrogen, in where
soil tillage systems has values that vary from weak atgood to classic version where the values
are low and very low between limit. In soil phosphorus content: classical limit in very weak –
good, minimum between weak - very good. Potassium is good-very good framed in limit for
each variant of tillage.
Conclusion. The largest increase on pH, to registered if soybean crop + 1fertilization in
minimum system version, passes from weak acid to slightly alkaline. The increase more or
less significant pH in all variants, which can be explained by physiological reaction alkaline
fertilizer used. The force (soil resistance to penetration) are higher in 30 cm depth, with
traditional plowing, so it is advisable to look for alternate depth stopped to install hardpan
appearance after plowing the same depth.
Acknowledgments: This paper was published under the frame of European Social Fund,
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
67
CHANGES IN PHYTO-DIVERSITY ON FESTUCA RUBRA L. –
AGROSTIS CAPILLARIS L. GRASSLANDS
Mirela CIREBEA1*, Ioan ROTAR1, Roxana VIDICAN1, Florin PĂCURAR1, Anca
PLEŞA1 and Ovidiu RANTA2
1
Department of Plant Culture. Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agriculture Sciences and
Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, România.
2
Department of Technical Sciences and soil. Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agriculture Sciences
and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, România.
*
Keywords. Diversity, fertilization, grasslands, mountains
Introduction. In many other parts of Europe, grasslands on low productive soils have been
transformed into forests either by being planted with coniferous trees or by being abandoned
(Nillson et al, 2013). This changed management has had a substantial negative effect on flora
and fauna, and many species are declining and are on the verge of regional extinction (Mace
et al. 2008).
Aims. To determine the floristic composition under the organic, mineral fertilization or
combined this two type of fertilization.
Materials and Methods. The experiment was established in 2014 in Băişoara Commune,
Apuseni Mountains, Romania on a Festuca rubra L.- Agrostis capillaris L. grasslands type.
Cattle and horse manure and also the mineral inputs were applied in early springtime on the
plots (in the beginning of March), according to the treatments. The floristic composition was
interpreted by Braun-Blanquet method (Braun-Blanquet, 1932).
Results. The variant fertilized only with mineral fertilizer reduce the species number despite
of variants which were fertilized organic. The combined fertilizer produced also changes in
floristic composition.
Conclusion. All treatments present differences when were compared to the control. Applied
fertilizer produces changes in floristic composition and in diversity.
References
1. Braun-Blanquet, J. (1932) Pflanzensoziologie – Grundzüge der Vegetationskunde.
Springer Verlag, Wien.
2. Mace GM, Collar NJ, Gaston KJ (2008) Quantification of extinction risk: IUCN’s
system for classifying threatened species. Conservation Biology 22: 1424–1442. doi:
10.1111/j.1523- 1739.2008.01044.x
3. Nilsson S. G., M. Franzén and L. B. Pettersson (2013). Land-use changes, farm
management and the decline of butterflies associated with semi-natural grasslands in
southern
Sweden.
Nature
Conservation
6:
31–48
(2013),
doi:
10.3897/natureconservation.6.520, http://www.pensoft.net/natureconservation
68
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY IN SOME ROMANIAN GARLIC (ALLIUM
SATIVUM L.) LANDRACES
Mihaela CORNEANU 1 and Cristina BĂBEANU2*
1
Department of Genetic Engineering in Agriculture, Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and
Veterinary Medicine “King Mihai I of Romania”, Timisoara, Romania
2
Department of Chemistry, University of Craiova, Romania
*
Keywords. Allium sativum L., yield characters, antioxidant activity, flavonoids
Introduction. Garlic is a source of various phytocompounds (organosulfur compounds,
phenolic acids, allyl thiosulfinates, flavonoids and vitamins), with intense biological activity
(Bozin et al. 2008). The health properties of garlic particularly depend on antioxidant
compounds that have the ability to scavenge free radicals, reducing oxidative stress (Denre et
al., 2013).
Aims. The aim of this study is to determine the variability in total flavonoids, ascorbic acid
content and antioxidant activity in 24 garlic landraces, for a further breeding program.
Materials and Methods. 24 landraces of garlic (Allium sativum L.) collected from a polluted
area were cultivated “ex situ”(BUSAMV Timişoara), for 5 years. In 2014 biometric
observations on yield characters and biochemical analysis (total flavonoids content,
antioxidant activity, radical-scavenging capacity, ascorbic acid content) were performed.
Results. Significant differences have been observed in all yield characters, as well as in the
biochemical indices investigated. The antioxidant activity varies between 14.08% and
22.64%. The flavonoid content varies across the populations studied, being known that they
depend on genetic, agronomic and environmental factors. The antioxidant activity is
positively correlated with ascorbic acid content (r2=0.60) and flavonoid content (r2=0.85),
demonstrating that the antioxidant activity in garlic occurs due to the presence of these
compounds.
Conclusion. For all landraces results indicated a high phytocompounds content and
antioxidant activity. The content of flavonoids may play an important role as a radical
scavenging agent that regulates cellular redox status. This study may reveal some germplasm
sources for stress resistance genes.
References
1. Bozin B.,Mimica-Dukic N., Samojlik I., Goran A. and Igic R. (2008), Phenolics as
antioxidants in garlic (Allium sativum L., Alliaceae), Food Chemistry 111: 925–929
2. Denre M., Pal S., Mazumdar D., Chakravarty A. and Bhattacharya A. (2013),
Variation in Antioxidants and Antioxidant Activity in Garlic Cultivars, International
Journal of Vegetable Science, 19:374–383.
69
THE INFLUENCE OF NOZZLE TYPE ON THE COVERAGE DEGREE
WHEN PERFORMING PHYTOSANITARY TREATMENTS
Ioan DROCAȘ, Ovidiu MARIAN*, Adrian MOLNAR, Mircea MUNTEAN
Department of Agricultural Machinery. UASVM Cluj Napoca.
*
Keywords. water sensitive paper, coverage degree, nozzles type
Introduction. Effectiveness of phytosanitary treatments is greatly influenced by the way how
droplets are distributed on the plant, the coverage of all plant parts, regardless of their position
(horizontal, vertical, inclined).
Coverage has greater significance mostly using contact substances and can be
modified by way of nozzle spraying, their droplet size and direction to the target surface.
Aims. The aim of the research conducted in this paper was to determine the coverage of the
target area using five different types of nozzles.
Materials and Methods. In order to achieve the experimental tests five different types of
nozzles were used, with different ways of spraying, adjusting the amount of spray solution per
hectare. To determine the coverage water sensitive paper was used placed on a specially
constructed support. The spraying machine used was 600 EEP ME.
Results. Experimental tests have shown that the type of nozzle greatly affect coverage on
vertical parts of the plant.
Conclusion. To ensure good coverage of the vertical sections of the plant is necessary to use
the double jet nozzles, asymmetric, which provides an improvement in the coverage of the
rear vertical part (orienting it in the direction of movement of the tractor) of the plant.
References
1. Stahli, W, 2003, Mașini pentru aplicarea tratamentelor fitosanitare și fertilizare foliară
în legumicultură, Ed. Agroprint, Timișoara.
2. XXX, ISO 5682-2: 1997, Agricultural machinery and tractors – Equipment for srop
protection – Test methods for sprayer nozzles, Geneva.
3. XXX, www. Agrotop.com.
70
RESEARCH CONCERNING THE ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF FOUR
SPECIES OF MEDICINAL PLANTS GROWN IN THE WESTERN
PART OF TRANSYLVANIAN PLAINE
Simona DUDA, Liviu Al. MĂRGHITAŞ, Dan DEZMIREAN and Otilia BOBIŞ*
Department of Technological Sciences – Animal Husbandry,
*
Keywords. Agastache foeniculum,
angustifolia, economic efficiency.
Nepeta
cataria,
Melissa
officnalis,
Lavandula
Introduction In this paper we present the economic efficiency of four species of medicinal
plants grown in the experimental field of Jucu, belonging to the University of Agricultural
Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca.
Aims. Through the conducted research we wish to emphasize the profitability of cultivation
of the four studied species of medicinal plants.
Materials and Methods. Economic efficiency was established by calculating the following
economic indicators: its output per hectare, production value, average price recovery, cost of
production, valorization cost, the cost per unit of output, gross margin and gross margin
change.
Results. We evaluated from an economic profitability point of view in terms of 2015, the 4
studied crops. Expenditure on maintenance, harvesting and conditioning of the production
was balanced against the income earned by selling the raw materials plants.
Technological sheets were developed, income and expenditure budgets and costbenefit analysis was done for each species.
It appears that the largest share of total variable costs is the expense of temporary
labor (day laborers) over 75% according to the obtained yield.
Conclusion. In conclusion, the greatest profit could be obtained by cultivating lavender.
Taking into account that medicinal plants are very suitable to organic growth and
provided they are certified as, economic efficiency is the greatest in these conditions.
References
1. Muntean, L.S., M. Tămaş, S. Muntean, L. Muntean, M.M. Duda, D.I. Vârban, S.
Florian (2007). Tratat de plante medicinale cultivate şi spontane, Ed. Risoprint ClujNapoca, 928 p, ISBN 978-973-751-463-9
2. Roman, G. V, Maria Toader, Lenuța Iuliana Epure, V. Ion și A. G. Bășa, 2008,
Cultura plantelor medicinale şi aromatice în sistem ecologic, Ed. Ceres,
București.
3. www.madr.ro
71
EXPRESSION OF GENES WHICH WORKS ON SALT-NITRIC OXIDE
AND SALT-ABSCISIC ACID INTERACTIONS ON WHEAT (TRITICUM
AESTIVUM L.) SEEDLINGS AND ANTIOXIDANT ENZYME ACTIVITY
Nuray ERGUN* and Ozge TEMIZKAN
Mustafa Kemal University, Facuty of Science and Art, Department of Biology, 31000 Hatay, Turkey
*Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected]
Keywords. Wheat, salinity stress, ABA, gene expression
Introduction. Salinity is one of the significant and widespread problem in wheat
Aims. In the present study, salt, salt-nitric oxide (NO), salt-abscisic acid (ABA) and their
interactions were investigated on wheat seedlings (Triticum aestivum cv. Bayraktar, Demir
and İkizce).
Materials and Methods. Root, shoot and root length, shoot dry weight, chlorphyl a and b,
total chlorophyl (a+b) amount, catalase (CAT), glutation reductase (GR) enzyme activity,
proline, malondialdehyde as well as gene expression of MYB73, ERF1, ASN and SRG during
salt, salt-nitric oxide and salt-abscisic acid interactions were investigated.
Results. Salt negatively affected shoot and root develeopment on wheat cultivars ‘Bayraktar’,
‘Demir’ and ‘İkizce’ whic were used in this study. In addition, it was found that the amount
of chlorophyl a, chlorophyl b and total chlorophyl were decrease with salt appilications. The
amount of pigment was relatively higher on seedlings applied with salt and salt-nitric oksideabscisic acid. The catalaz (CAT) and the glutation reductase (GR) activites were higher than
the control treatment. Both salt, salt-nitric okside and salt-abscisic acid treatments increased
the CAT and GR activities. Salt treatments also increased gene expression of MYB73, the
SRG and ERF1.
Conclusion. When both cultivars and salt treatments were considered, ASN1 expression was
seen to be highest, on SRG to be the lowest.
72
PHYSIOLOGICAL REACTIONS OF SUNFLOWER PLANTS TO
DIFFERENT SPECIES OF SELENIUM
Farzaneh GAROUSI1*, Béla KOVÁCS2, Éva BÓDI1, Szilvia VÁRALLYAY1
and Szilvia VERES2
1
Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, Institute of Food
Science. University of Debrecen, Hungary.
2
Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, Institute of Crop
Sciences, Department of Agricultural Botany, Crop Physiology and Biotechnology. University of
Debrecen, Hungary
*
Keywords. Physiological reaction, Sodium Selenite and selenate, Sunflower
Introduction. Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient in diet of animals and humans, and
plant foods are important sources of dietary Se. Then, engineering food crops to accumulate
higher levels of Se would provide adequate Se to target population. In this regard, specific
leaf area (SLA; cm2leaf g–1leaf), the ratio of leaf area to leaf dry mass was considered as a key
ecophysiological parameter influencing leaf physiology, photosynthesis, and whole plant
carbon gain and also one rapid and diagnostic tool.
Aims. In this study two species of soluble inorganic selenium forms, selenite (SeIV) and
selenate (SeVI) at different concentrations of 0 (control), 0.1, 0.3, 0.9, and 3 mg kg–1 were
investigated on sunflower (Helianthus annuus L. cv. Arena PR) that to date there have been
few publications on Se uptake and assimilation in this plant.
Materials and Methods. General plant propagation and nutrient solution composition that
sunflowers were growing in it were strictly regulated and experiments were carried out in
triplicates (three pots) that every pot had four seedlings. First and second mature, intact and
erect leaves were sampled and from each leaf, 5 leaf discs with a fixed surface area were
punched out with a perforator. The samples were dried and SLA of each leaf was calculated.
Also, at the end, shoots were separated from roots and fresh and dry weights of shoots were
measured.
Results. According to the results that we observed, there were significant diferences between
different concentrations of SeVI treatments for first leaves, so that 0.3 mg kg–1 SeVI samples
had the most amounts of SLA.
Conclusion. 0.3 mg kg–1 SeVI had positive effect on sunflower plants’ growth whereas this
states was not seen in all first and second leaves of SeIV treatments and enriching sunflower
plants with SeIV did not have any significant effect on this physiologic parameter. Finally,
fresh and dry weight calculation of shoots verified SLA measurement, too.
73
INCREASING BIOACTIVE SUBSTANCES OF LAVANDULA
ANGUSTIFOLIA GROWN IN HYDROPONIC SYSTEMS, THROUGH
SUPPLIMENTAL LIGHTING (LED)
Radu Mircea GIURGIU1, Gavril MORAR1, Adelina DUMITRAȘ1, Gabriela
VLĂSCEANU3, Alina DUNE3, Nico DOMURATH4, Fritz-Gerald SCHRÖDER2*
1
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca
2
University of Applied Scienes, Dresden
3
S.C.Hofigal Export-Import, Bucharest
4 Integar GmbH, Dresden.
*
Keywords. LED lighting, medicinal plants, essential oils, secondary
Introduction. Lavandula angustifolia is a popular crop, both for ornamental and
pharmaceutical value. Dried flowers of lavender can be capitalized by extracting the major
constituents from the essential oils (Smigielski, et.al., 2009). Field cultivation can be difficult
due to the unpredictability of weather events and its effect on the bioactive substances from
the plant. Controlled environment can be advantageous on manipulating stress factors (light,
water, salinity etc.) that can improve the plant’s yield and quality (Tavakkoli, et.al., 2010).
Aims. We believe that protocols of growing the plant in controlled environment with
predictable yield and quality can improve life quality and help developing the industry. The
aim of the present experiment is to improve the active substances from the flowers by
preharvest treating the plants, with LED supplemental lighting. The plants grown in
hydroponics can be controlled accurately and the products obtained are clean and safe (Resh
and Howard, 2002).
Materials and Methods. The plants were obtained by seeds and cuttings in rockwool cubes
and soil, for control. After that, the plants were transferred in different hydroponic systems
were they were grown until flowering stage, under controlled environment(26±3oC
temperature and 60±10% humidity). The control plants were moved in in the same chamber,
in pots (30±15cm-1 ø). The supplemental light was by HPS lamps (15h-1). The nutrient
dissolved in the water was Universol Blue (NPK : 3-2-3) and the parameters were optimized
on the daily basis (5,7-6,4 pH and 0,9-1,3 EC). The measurements were on the growing
dynamics of plants, nutrient solution, substrates and environmental condition. The plants were
moved in the cooler (5±2oC) for vernalization process, for 8 weeks. Afterwards lavender was
set in the growing chamber, in hydroponic systems, and under LED lighting. The flowers
were harvested at the optimal time, and dried (20±2oC) for 20 days. The plants were then send
for chemical analysis that concluded the experiment.
Results. The hydroponic systems allowed a close study of plant behaviour in different
systems. The plants grew fast and healthy. The plants showed great flowering and the yield
from the hydroponic systems were higher than the ones from soil. The plants under LED
lighting treatment showed higher amounts of active constituents.
Conclusion. In the present research work, we demonstrate that growing lavender in controlled
environment and under LED lighting, can improve the concentration of essential oils which
translates in year round cultivation of predictable amounts of products, with high economic
input.
74
EVALUATION OF PLANT GROWTH STIMULATION POTENTIAL OF
SELECTED BACTERIAL STRAINS AND THEIR BIOCONTROL
ACTIVITY AGAINST FUSARIUM SPP.
Iulian GROSU, Oana SICUIA, Andreea DOBRE, Catalina VOAIDES,
Petruta CORNEA
University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine – Bucharest, Faculty of Biotechnologies,
59 Mărăşti Blvd, Bucharest, Romania
Keywords. beneficial bacteria, Fusarium biocontrol, zinc and phosphate solubilization
Introduction. Soil bacteria have proved considerable antifungal effects against many plant
pathogenic fungi as well as plant growth promoting activity but the mechanisms involved in
these properties are far from being clarified. Among the most damaging fungi for crops
include the mycotoxigenic species of Fusarium, and the development of new control methods,
including biocontrol, is the aim of many studies all over the world.
Aims. The aim of this study was the evaluation of some properties of selected antagonistic
bacteria possible involved in plant growth promoting activities and anti-Fusarium action.
Materials and Methods. Six bacterial strains isolated from soil were used in experiments.
They were tested for phosphate solubilization, zinc solubilization, organic acid production,
IAA production and cell wall degrading enzymes. The identification of bacterial strains and
their ability to produce biosurfactants was performed by molecular methods. The dual-culture
technique was used to examine the bacterial antagonism on Fusarium strains. The evaluation
of plant growth promoting potential of selected bacteria was performed on wheat plantlets,
infected or not with Fusarium spp.
Results. Among the 6 bacterial strains isolated from soil, two of them showed the strongest
inhibitory effect against several Fusarium strains isolated from wheat samples. Based on
species-specific primers, the strains B3 and BIR were identified as Bacillus
amyloliquefaciens. Also, they were able to produce IAA, organic acids, biosurfactants, and
lytic enzymes and solubilized inorganic phosphates and zinc. Regarding the plant growth
stimulation it was shown that after bacterial treatment the wheat plantlet growth was
increased with 25%.
Conclusion. The results proved that selected bacteria have the potential to suppress fusaria
and to stimulate wheat plantlets growth, probably due to the biosynthesis of several
compounds and to the solubilization of insoluble nutrients.
Acknowledgement. This research was supported by European Social Fund, Human
Resources
Development
Operational
Programme
2007-2013,
project
no.
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765
75
CLASSIFICATION OF LAND AND CROPS BASED ON SATELLITE
IMAGES LANDSAT8: CASE STUDY SD TIMISOARA
Mihai HERBEI1, Florin SALA2*
1
Cartography and GIS, Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, “Regele
Mihai I al României”, Timisoara, Calea Aradului 119, 300645, Timișoara, Romania,
2
Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine
"Regele Mihai I al României" from Timisoara, Romania
*
Keywords. algorithms, classification, crops, GIS, satellite images
Introduction. The methods based based on satellite techniques are increasingly used
techniques for studying vegetation cover (Gitelson 2004; Wu 2014). Highly accurate
characterization of the vegetation cover can be done based on spectral information and some
specific indices calculated (Herbei et al., 2015).
Aims. The present study aimed to analyze and classify the area of SD Timisoara based on
spectral information from satellite images Landsat8.
Materials and Methods. Analysis of the area and crops was done with ArcGIS 10 software
based on satellite images Landsat8. Different algorithms were used (ISODATA, K Means etc)
and classification methods (supervised and unsupervised) for analyzing spectral information
contained in satellite images.
Results. Starting from the satellite maps Landsat8, there was extracted the spectral
information which characterized the studied area. The spectral information were represented
by spectral bands (R,G,B,NIR) based on which the characterization indices were calculated
for the vegetation cover NDVI, NDBR, NDMI. Through various algorithms and working
methods (supervised and unsupervised classification) the high accuracy classification was
done for the satellite images associated with the crops (corn, wheat, sunflower, rape, etc.)
identified during the studied period.
Conclusion. Imaging method based on satellite imagery has facilitated the analysis and
classification of land and crops in the study area with high accuracy.
References
1. Gitelson A.A. 2004. Wide dynamic range vegetation index for remote quantification
of biophysical characteristics of vegetation. Journal of Plant Physiology. 161(2): 165173.
2. Herbei M., Sala F., Boldea M. 2015. Relation of Normalized Difference Vegetation
Index with Some Spectral Bands of Satellite Images. ICNAAM 2014, AIP Conf. Proc.
1648: 670003-1-67003-4.
3. Wu W, 2014. The Generalized Difference Vegetation Index (GDVI) for dryland
charac-terization. Remote Sens. 6(2): 1211-1233.
76
RESEARCH ON THE CHANGED OPERATING PARAMETERS
DURING OPERATION MMAT 110-03 AND IDK 120-04 NOZZLES
Ovidiu MARIAN, Ioan DROCAȘ*, Adrian MOLNAR, Mircea MUNTEAN,
Ovidiu RANTA
Department of Agricultural Machinery. UASVM Cluj Napoca.
*
Keywords. nozzle wear, nozzles type, nozzle flow
Introduction One of the most important works is the treatment plant. For farmer is important
to have a productive culture, as we need to carry herbicides, treatment of diseases and pests.
All these treatments are carried out using machines and equipment for treatments .For a good
yield, to save time and money we need more precise setting of this goal is achievable with
nozzles quality and strength. First we must consider the coverage, type and flow nozzles .The
choice of the right nozzle and corresponding adjustments lead to fullfield requirements.
Aims. In this paper is presented two types of nozzles MMAT 120-03 and IDK 120-04 that
after a certain amount of hours, with constant pressure, the flow increased.
Materials and Methods. In order to achieve the experimental tests two different types of
nozzles were used, with the same operating parameters (pressure 3 bars). To determine the
nozzle wear a portable equipment was used. This equipment worked 24/24, for 1100 hours at
IDK nozzle and 296 hours at MMAT nozzle.
Results. Experimental tests have shown that the more often use the same nozzles, after a
certain time wear and increased flow occurs.
Conclusion. To ensure good operating parameters nozzles should be checked after a period of
time. The IDK 120-04 nozzle worked 1100 hours and registered a flow increase of 5%. The
MMAT 120-03 nozzle worked 296 hours and registered an increase of flow of 5%. In order to
increase the lifespan of nozzles the plastic type should be checked regularly.
References
1. Drocaş, I., V. Sârb, V. Gherman, V. Bărbieru, 2002. The control and diagnose of the
spraying machines. În Simpozionul agricultură şialimentaţie-perspective la început de
mileniu III. Buletinul USAMV, Cluj-Napoca, vol. 57
2. Stahli, W, 2003, Mașini pentru aplicarea tratamentelor fitosanitare și fertilizare foliară
în legumicultură, Ed. Agroprint, Timișoara.
3. XXX, ISO 5682-2: 1997, Agricultural machinery and tractors – Equipment for crop
protection – Test methods for sprayer nozzles, Geneva.
77
TESTING SOME FUNGICIDES FOR THE COMBAT OF POTATO
MILDEW IN THE PEDOCLIMATIC CONDITIONS IN SEINI TOWN
Lucia MIHĂLESCU1*, Zorica VOŞGAN1, Oana MARE ROSCA1, Monica MARIAN1,
Stela JELEA1, Anca DUMUŢA1, Aurel MAXIM2, Mirela CORDEA2
1
Technical University of Cluj Napoca, North University Center of Baia Mare, Romania
2
*
Keywords. fungicide, mildew, warning
Introduction. However, mildew is one of the oldest known diseases and it continues to be the
most damaging one due to the aggressiveness of Phythopthora infestans fungi, in climatic
conditions favorable to their development (Ion, 2010).
Aims. The aim of this survey was to set the biological effectiveness of some homologated
fungicides, in order to introduce them in the new programs of combating mildew.
Materials and Methods. The experimental surveys were carried out at the farm of SC
Marmalus SRL of Seini, the Maramures County. The warning method used the warning
parcel. The attack was calculated by determining the frequency, intensity and degree of the
attack.
Results. In 2013, 8 varieties were tested against the mildew attack, as the Procura variant
proved to be the most resistant, and Ostara the most sensible. In 2014, 14 fungicides were
tested starting with the outbreaks of the alarm plot; then the appearance of mildew in natural
conditions was taken into account. For testing, the sensible Ostara variety and the resistant
Procura variety were used. The climatic conditions were favorable to the development of
fungi, with high temperatures and atmospheric humidity. The best results were obtained for
the Ridomil Gold Plus 42.5WG, for both varieties, with the effectiveness of 86.6% for the
resistant variety, respectively, 85% for the sensible variety. The worst results were obtained
by the Dithane M45 product, with an effectiveness of 70.4% for Ostara, as for the Procura
variant the Polyram DF product was used with an effectiveness of 73.7%. Relatively good
results were demonstrated by the products: Equation PRO, Ridomil Gold MZ68WG, with the
effectiveness in the range of 86.3-86% for the Procura variant, and the products Infinito 68.7
SC, Ortiva 230EC, with the effectiveness of 84-81.5% for Ostara.
Conclusion. By this survey, it is recommended to use, with good results in the combating of
Phythopthora infestans fungi, the product Ridomil Gold Plus 42.5WG, followed by Infinito
68.7 SC and Consento 450 SC.
References
1. Ion V. (2010). Fitotehnie. Ed. Bucuresti.
78
ATTACK BY THE FUNGUS PODOSPHAERA LEUCOTRICHA ELL ET
EV IN CLIMATIC CONDITIONS FROM TIMISOARA DURING THE
YEARS 2007 - 2011
Levente Ştefan MOLNAR1, Ramona ŞTEF 1, Alin Flavius CĂRĂBEŢ1, Ioana
GROZEA1, Ana-Maria VÎRTEIU 1, Veaceslav MAZĂRE2
1
2
Department of Biology and Plant Protection,
Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, U.S.A.M.V.B. "King Michael I of Romania" from
Timişoara
*
Keywords. Apple disease, Podosphaera leucotricha Ell et. Ev, western plain
Introduction. Powdery mildew is one of the most important diseases of apple. In favorable
years, the disease produces major damage to very sensitive varieties, registering 37-80% leaf
attacked, 46-98% attacked shoots, 6-20% of inflorescences and 8-25% in vegetative buds.
First recorded in our country of this disease has been made by Traian Savulescu,
between1928-1929. In present the pathogen is spread all over the country and is also very
damaging Baicu T, Sesan Tatiana, 1996). The biggest losses of Podosphaera leucotricha
fungus began in around 50s after the introduction of the variety Jonathan in culture, which is
recognized as highly productive, with high quality fruit, but very sensitive to attack the fungus
Podosphaera leucotricha.
Aims. purpose of the paper is to determine the behavior of some native apple varieties to
fungus Podosphaera leucotricha in the climatic conditions of the area west of the country,
over a longer period of time, in which one can accurately highlight the sensitivity or tolerance
of apple varieties against fungus and humidity-temperature balance favorable development of
the fungus.
Materials and Methods. Were studied five varieties of apple, such as Romus 2, Pionier,
Jonathan, Delicios de Voineşti and Florina. Were made observations on the frequency and
intensity of the attack and finally calculated the attack. Observations were made in September
during the period of 2007-2011. Were studied many five trees of each variety which comply
with experimental techniques. In this paper it will present only the degree of fungal attack.
Results. Pioneer apple varieties and Romus proved to be the most tolerant varieties to attack
the fungus Podosphaera leucotricha and Jonathan variety was most sensitive. Humidity and
high temperatures positively influence the development of powdery mildew and abundant
rainfall and low temperatures have a negative influence.
Conclusion. Special attention is needed to combat the fungus Podosphaera leucotricha in
conditions of high humidity and temperature and especially the variety Jonathan. Varieties of
Florina, Delicios de Voinesti and Romus are varieties that behave best towards fungus attack.
References
1. Baicu, T., Sesan Tatiana, 1996, Fitopatologie agricola, Ed. Ceres, Bucuresti
2. Simeria Gh., Damianov Snejana, Molnar L, 2006, Protecţia integrata a plantelor
pomicole, Ed. Eurobit, Timisoara
79
THE EFFECT OF SALINITY STRESS ON SEED GERMINATION OF
RED CLOVER (TRIFOLIUM PRATENSE L.) AND ALFALFA
(MEDICAGO SATIVA L.) SEELINGS
Monica NISTE1, Rodica POP2, V. STOIAN1, Ioana BERINDEAN1, Adriana CRISTE3,
Roxana VIDICAN1*
1
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, ClujNapoca, Faculty of Agriculture,
Manastur Street, No. 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania,
2
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, ClujNapoca, Faculty of Horticulture,
Manastur Street, No. 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania,
3
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, ClujNapoca, Faculty of Animal Science
and Biotechnologies, Manastur Street, No. 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania,
*
Keywords. salt stress, germination, vigor, tolerance
Introduction. Soil salinity is an issue that affects an estimated 6% of the world’s land surface
area or 12 780 million hectares (Mha). Salinity is a complex issue to characterize due to the
many factors that influence a plant’s response to salinity, including: plant, soil, water,
environmental and cultural factors (Scasta et al., 2012). Screening for seeds with a greater
tolerance to salt stress aids in the development of salt tolerant cultivars. Seed germination is a
critical point in seedling establishment and subsequent plant health and vigor (Ashkan and
Jalal, 2013).
Aims. The objective of this study was to compare the salinity tolerance of two varieties of
red clover (Select 2 and Rotrif) and two varietis of alfalfa (Mihaela and Mădălina).
Materials and Methods. In our study we used five salinity treatments 0 (control) (C1), 50
(C1), 100 (C2), 150 (C3) and 300mM NaCl (C4) on normal seeds and on seeds bacterized
with rhizobia. 100 seeds of each variety used in the study were grown in germinating dishes
on filter papers with four replications. The germinated seedlings were counted every day for
14 days. Seeds were considered to have germinated when radicles were at 1 mm long. The
same protocol was used for bacterized seeds.
Results. The results showed that by increasing of the salinity level, germinated seeds number,
root, shoot and seedling length, mean daily germination (MDG) and seedling length vigor
index (SLVI) decreased, while daily germination speed (DGS) increased in all studied
varieties. Mean germination time increased with increasing NaCl level. As the salt
concentration increased, germination percentage decreased in all varieties, moreover, seeds
could not germinate in 300 mM NaCl, but the seeds who were bacterized germinated in a very
small percentage, and the germs were abnormal
Conclusion. Alfalfa varieties were more tolerant to salinity compared with red clover, and
also bacterization of the seed led to a better resistance and germination percentage was higher.
80
THE RELATION BETWEEN SOIL QUALITY AND LAND USE IN A
AGRO-PASTORAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN MURES VALLEY
Claudia Ioana OARĂ1*, Nicolae MOLDOVAN1, Ioan PĂCURAR1, Ștefan BILAȘCO2
and Horea CACOVEAN3
1
Department of Soil Sciences, University of Agricultural Scinces and Veterinay Medicine, Romania;
2
Babeș-Bolyai University, Romania;
3
Office for Soil and Agrochemical Studies (OSPA), Romania.
*
Keywords. agro-pastoral, land use, soil quality, MDS (minimum data set).
Introduction. Soil is a component of prime importance for crop production, although it is
often considered only the physical support for plant growth. Soil is the result of several
interactions between biological components, including microbial communities that are
essential for the phisico-chemical function of plants. In this context, the interest agriculture
practices that use these ecological changes needs to be renewed. This practices are affecting
the soil health, which affects the health of plants. To overcome this handicap, Larson and
Pierce (1991) proposed the idea of a minimum data set (MDS), which is a limited number of
pedoclimatical indicators, necessary to describe the quality of the soil and that could be
common to all quality assessments soil.
Aims. Taking into account the complexity of soil-system function, we consider that it is
necessary to determine a minimum data set for a proper land evaluation mark, based on the
speciality literature mentioned above, especially when it comes to the fact that the area in
study is an area with high agricultural potential and usage, ecologically affected.
Materials and Methods. Type of soils and land usage were identified in Mureș Valley, also
the main types of crops. The method use to achieve the main objective was land evaluation
mark in natural conditions using evaluation mark for the type of cultures identified in the
studied area.
Results. To characterize agricultural lands according to suitability for the different cultures,
natural evaluation scores were calculated for the following crops: cereals, corn, potato, purple
medic, vegetables, orchard, grape, pastures and meadows.
Conclusion. In the present research work, we identified which are the best crops and land
utilization in the future, based on the type of soils existing in the studied area and based on the
calculated marks for the land evaluation mark in natural conditions, among them being
vegetables, pastures and meadows.
References
1. Larson, W., E and F.J. Pierce, 1991, Conservatioan and enhancement of soil
quality. In Evaluation for Sustainable Land Management in the Developing World
Vol. 2: Technical Papers. Bangkok, Thailand: International Board for Soil Reseach
and Management.
2. Păcurar, I., Buta, M., 2007, Pedologie și bonitarea terenurilor agricole-lucrări
practice, Ed. AcademicPres, Cluj-Napoca.
81
USE OF SEMIOCHEMICAL PRODUCTS IN MONITORING AND
CONTROL OF EPICOMETIS HIRTA SPECIES
Ion OLTEAN 1, Laura MACAVEI1, Iuliana VASIAN2, Stefania TÖTÖS2, Mircea
VARGA1 and Teodora FLORIAN 1*
1
Department Environment and Plant Protection.
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Faculty of Agriculture
2
Babes-Bolyai” University, “Raluca Ripan” Institute for Research in Chemistry, Cluj-Napoca,
30 Fantanele str., 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
*
Keywords. beetle, captures, Epicometis hirta, traps
Introduction Epicometis hirta is one of the most dangerous pests in different plants, meet on
annual crop and tree fruit species. The adult, a beetle which recognizes easy thanks to existing
pubescent all over the body, consumes floral organs of plants. Adults are phytophagous and
feed on leaves and flours of cultural plants. (1,2). Chemical control for this species is very
difficult because applying insecticides during bloom is affecting the pollinating entomofauna.
This requires development of alternative methods of combat. Use of semichemichal products
is a perspective metod because acts only on the target species.
Aims. Testing functionality a different types of traps in three fruit farm from Cluj.
Materials and Methods. For this purpose the team of entomology discipline along with staff
from the Institute of Chemistry “Raluca Ripan” tested the attractiveness of two new synthetic
products placed in three types of traps (Type 1, Type 2,Type 3). Experiments were located in
UASVM Cluj Napoca Orchard, fruit tree farm Steluţa and fruit tree farm Agroindustriala Cluj
Napoca.
Results. The best results have been obtained using Type 1traps in all three locations.
References
1. Mitko A. Subchev1, Teodora B. Toshova1, Radoslav A. Andreev, Vilina M D.
Petrova, Vasilina D. Maneva, Teodora S. Spasova, Nikolina . Marinova, Petko.
Minkov, Dimitar I. Velchev, Employing Floral Baited Traps for Detection and
Seasonal Monitoring of Tropinota (Epicometis) hirta (Poda) (Coleoptera: Cetoniidae)
in Bulgaria, ACTA Zoologica Bulgarica, Acta zool. bulg., 63 (3), 2011: 269-276.
2. Hristina Kutinkova, Radoslav Andreev, 2004 ORCHARD MANAGEMENT IN
SUSTAINABLE FRUIT PRODUCTION Journal of Fruit and Ornamental Plant
Research vol. 12.
82
THE EFFECTS OF ORGANIC FERTILIZERS ON THE QALITY AND
PRODUCTIVITY OF MOUNTAIN GRASSLANDS
Florin PĂCURAR*, Ioan ROTAR, Roxana VIDICAN, Anca BOGDAN, Ágnes
BALÁZSI, Adrian GLIGA
Department of Plant Crops. University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine ClujNapoca, Romania.
*
Keywords. fertilization, Festuca rubra, productivity, quality
Introduction. Fertilization is an important link management, this increase yield and quality
meadows and maintaining phytodiversity. Our research was carried out in Garda de Sus
commune, in Ghetari village, on a Festuca rubra meadow, following the effects of different
fertilizers.
Aims. The purpose of the research is tracking the ecological and agronomic effects of organic
fertilization upon Festuca rubra type of grassland.
Materials and Methods. The experience contains 4 variants (V1 – unfertilized, V2 – 10 t/ha
manure, V3 – 20 t/ha manure, V4 – 30 t/ha manure) and was placed in randomized blocks in
four repetitions. The relevées were carried out in 2014 before the flowering period of
Poaceae. The floristic composition was determined by Braun-Blanquet method and data
processing and interpretation by PC-ORD v.6.
Results. Applying treatments resulted an increased forage quality phytocoenosis newly
installed, from type Festuca rubra (unfertilized) falling in fifth grade, mid-range class that
supports 0.81-1 LU/ha, to type Festuca rubra- Trisetum flavescens (10 t/ha) and Trisetum
flavescens type (20 t/ha - 30 t/ha) falling in sixth grade, mid-range class that supports 1.011.20 LU/ha. Fertilization with manure increased dry matter yield DM/ha very significantly
positive in all doses applied (10 t/ha, 20 t/ha and 30 t/ha manure) compared to unfertilized
variant. Also there is a very significant positive difference compared between V4 (30 t/ha)
and V2 (10 t/ha) and also between V4 (30 t/ha) and V3 (20 t/ha).
Conclusion. The treatments caused significant changes in the floristic composition of the
variants, determining a shift to a more productive grassland type. In this way we recommend
out treatment to increase the agronomic quality of the grasslands in the research area.
83
TESTING THE EFFECT OF SULPHONILUREA HERBICIDES UPON
MAIZE CROPS IN CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF SCDA TURDA
Horia Alexandru POP, Teodor RUSU*, Ileana BOGDAN
Department of Technical Sciences and Soil Sciences. Faculty of Agriculture, University of
Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine
*
Keywords. crop, efficiency, statistics, experiment
Introduction. Zea mays (maize) culture is one of the most important culture worldwide. In
particular conditions of Romania it has appropriate environment for development. Several
genuine maize varieties are ourdays cultivated on Romanian territory. To those, a series of
new hybrids with performant production traits are added. In these conditions, a most
important issue is represented by the herbicidation strategy.
Aims. The aim of this paper is to test the effect of sulphonilurea herbicides upon maize crops
in climatic conditions of SCDA Turda..
Materials and Methods. The experiments were developed in climatic conditions of
Transylvanian Plane within the Station of Research and Development Turda, county of Cluj.
Two experimental groups were established in order to identify the effects of a sulphonil urea
based herbicide on maize crop development. Data concerning the developmental traits of
maize within condition of treatment and no treatment (control group) were weekly harvested.
Data were processed with IBM SPSS programme.
Results and Discussions: The results our experiment show that very important progress was
recorded when the sulphonil urea based herbicide was used. Better developmental traits were
reported in group cultivated in conditions of administrating the above mentioned herbicide,
compared to development of maize culture in control group. The differences are statisticallz
assured at significance threshold of 5%.
Conclusion. According to the results of our research, very good results are obtained when the
sulphonil urea based herbicide was used, concerning the development of maize cultures.
84
EFFECT OF SOME MICRONUTRIENTS ON GROWTH AND YIELD
OF WHEAT AND ITS LEAVES
AND GRAIN CONTENT OF IRON AND BORON
Hamzeh RAWASHDEH 1,2* and Florin SALA2
1
Water Management and Environment Research Department. National Center for Agricultural
Research and Extension, Jordan
2
Department of Soil Sciences and Plant Nutrition. Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and
Veterinary Medicine, "King Michael I of Romaniaʺ from Timisoara, Romania
*
Keywords. boron, foliar fertilization, iron, wheat
Introduction. In Romania, wheat is grown on an area of 2.135 million hectares with the total
production 7.428 million tones, in average yield of 3.479 tons ha-1 in 2013 (INS, 2014). A
major fertilization program with macronutrients and micronutrients in plant nutrition is very
essential in the high production of yield with good quality. Application of micronutrients had
positive effect on yield and yield quality of wheat (Gomaa et al., 2015).
Aims. The objectives of the experiment were to study the effect of foliar application of some
micronutrients (Fe, B, Fe+B) on yield and quality of wheat.
Materials and Methods. Field experiments were conducted at USAMVB Timisoara,
Romania, for a period of two years from 2013 and 2014. Treatments including: T1-control;
T2-Fe at ZGS21; T3-Fe at ZGS41; T4-Fe at ZGS21+ZGS41; T5-B at ZGS21, T6-B at
ZGS41, T7-B at ZGS21+ZGS41; T8-Fe+B at ZGS21; T9-Fe+B at ZGS41; T10-Fe+B at
ZGS21+ZGS41 were examined in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three
replications. Foliar solutions were sprayed with a hand held spray bottle at the rate of 400 L
ha-1 on plant foliage.
Results. Two years average results showed that foliar application of micronutrients (Fe+B) at
two growth stages (T10) was gave the highest plant height (86.0 cm), flag leaf area (28.66
cm2), Chlorophyll content (58.0 SPAD value) and grain yield (518 gm m-2). All
micronutrients (Fe, B and Fe+B) sprayed significantly affected wheat leaves and grain
contents of Fe and B. The highest Fe content in grain was resulted from spray treatment with
Fe+B at both growth stages (T10).
Conclusion. It can be concluded from this study that the foliar application of micronutrient
(Fe, B and Fe+B) at individual growth stages (ZGS21 or ZGS41) and at both stages of growth
(ZGS21+ZGS41) were significantly influenced plant height, leaf area, Chlorophyll content,
and grain yields.
References
1. INS. (2014). Crop production for the main crops in 2013. National Institute of
Statistics, No. 75: pp. 5.
2. Gomaa M. A. et al. (2015). Effect of some macro and micronutrients application
methods on productivity and quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Middle East J.
Agric. Res., 4: 1-11.
85
ANSWER OF A SOYBEAN GENOTYPE CREATED ON ARDS TURDA
TO DIFFERENT FERTILIZATION
Ioan ROTAR1, Valeria MĂRCUŞ (căs. DEAC)1*, Roxana VIDICAN1, Anamaria
MĂLINAŞ1
1
Department of Plant Culture. Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agriculture Sciences and
Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, România.
*
Keywords. productivity, fertilization, soybean, technology
Introduction. Soybean is cultivated from long time ago, being well apreciated due to its
agricultural and nutritive values. On ARDS Turda there is a long tradition in cultivating and
studying the soybean plant in order to highlight the most efficient genotypes.
Aims. The aim of our study is to analyse the response of a soybean genotype created on
ARDS Turda to the applied inputs and to highlight the most efficient management both from
productive and qualitative point of view.
Materials and Methods. The experimental field was installed in the year 2013 within ARDS
Turda fields. In order to accomplish the objectives proposed we organized a bifactorial
experience of type A (P= phosphorus doses) X B (gulle doses). The biological material
consists in Felix genotype of soybean. The experimental factors studied are phosphorus in 3
doses (P1 (control variant, unfertilized), P2 (fertilized with 50 kg/ha P2O5) and P3 (fertilized
with 100 kg/ha P2O5)) and gulle in 4 doses (G1 ((control variant, unfertilized), G2 (fertilizrd
with 5 t/ha gulle), G3 (fertilized with 10 t/ha gulle) and G4 (fertilized with 15 t/ha gulle)).
Results. The results obtained showed a different reaction of the genotype studied under the
influence of fertilization and allowed us to recommend the best technology for this genotype
in order to achieve high yields and superior quality.
Conclusion. All treatments showed differences when compared to the control variant (both
on mineral and organic fertilization).
86
EFFECTS OF MULCHING AND MULCHING WITH MINERAL
FERITLIZERS ON THE FLORISTIC COMPOSITION OF
OLIGOTRPHIC GRASSLANDS AFTER SIX YEARS
Ioan ROTAR, Florin PĂCURAR*, Roxana VIDICAN, Ágnes BALÁZSI, Anca
BOGDAN and Vlad STOIAN
Department of Plant Crops. University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine ClujNapoca, Romania.
*
Keywords. grassland management, mulching, fertilizing, floristic composition, low-input
Introduction. Mulching of grasslands means mowing of the grass, cutting in small piesces
with special equipment and leaving the green matherial in the soil for descomposion. Gaisler
(2006) and Maskova (2009) suggested that muclhing could be a fezable solution for the low
productive sytems to be kept in their natural productivity and floristical diversity, when
succesion of woody species is a threatenging factor (Carboni et al., 2014; Doležal et al.,
2011).
Aims. In this midle-term experiment we aimed to study the effects of new alternatives, like
mulching and mulching with mineral fertilization, on the floristic structure of the vegetation.
Materials and Methods. The experiment started in 2009 and we followed the effects of the
treatments in the 6th year. The experiment design contains 7 variants in 5 repetitions
(randomized blocks): V1 – control, V2 - mulching / year, V3 - mulching 2x/ year, V4 mulching/year + N25:P25:K25 applied annually, V5 - mulching / year + 1x 2 years
N25:P25:K25, V6 - mulching / year + P25:K25 applied annually, V7 - mulching / year + 1x 2
years P25:K25. The relevées were carried out in 2014 before the flowering period of Poaceae.
The floristic composition was determined by Braun-Blanquet method and data processing and
interpretation by PC-ORD v.6.
Results. The results show no changes in grassland type, but Agrostis capillaris L. reacting
positively to V2, V4 and V5. Festuca rubra L. increased by V3 and V4. The group of
Poaceae is favourised by V3 and V4. The Fabaceae group is significantly defavorised by the
V3 and very signufucantly by V4 and V5.
Conclusion. After six years the applied treatments determined no changes in the main
grassland type, but significant changes have taken place in the floristic compositions of the
variants. The overall effects of the treatments are negative upon the phytodiversity of some
variants. From this reason these has to be carefully recommended if there are conservational
purposes.
References
1. Carboni, M., De Bello, F., Janeček, Š., Doležal, J., Horník, J., Lepš, J., …
Klimešová, J. (2014). Changes in trait divergence and convergence along a
productivity gradient in wet meadows. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment,
182, 96-105. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2013.12.014
2. Doležal, J., Mašková, Z., Lepš, J., Steinbachová, D., De Bello, F., Klimešová, J.,
… Květ, J. (2011). Positive long-term effect of mulching on species and functional
trait diversity in a nutrient-poor mountain meadow in Central Europe. Agriculture,
Ecosystems
and
Environment,
145(1),
10-28.
http://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2011.01.010
87
THE INFLUENCE OF SOIL PROTECTIVE AGRO-TECHNICHAL
METHODS ON CORN PRODUCTIVITY IN DOBROGEA
Violeta SIMIONESCU1,2 , Monica TANC2 , Ion BULICĂ2
1
2
“Ovidius” University,124 Mamaia Blvd, 900527, Constanta, Romania,
SCDA Valu lui Traian, Calea Dobrogei Str, 460, 907300, Valu lui Traian, Constanta
Corresponding author email: [email protected]
Keywords. chisel plow, dry, irrigation, plowing
Introduction. The long-term use of intensive plant cultivation technologies with high energy
imputs has led to soil degradation manifested through the decrease in organic substances
content, the destructuralization of soil aggregates, and the occurrence of eolian erosion
phenomena on the vegetation-free fields in autumn, the clogging of the macroporous space
and the occurrence of crust, the soil compacting or the accumulation of salt on its superficial
stratum as a result of sprinkle irrigation. At the same time, the water loss through evaporation
is considerable, especially in the case of repeated soil tilling operations.
Aims. The experimental versions were established starting from the necessity to counter the
negative effects regarding the structural state of the soil as a consequence of excessive soil
break up year after year by traditional methods.
Materials and Methods. Two methods were compared: the conservative working method
(with chisel plow) at 20 cm and the traditional soil break up method, by plowing at 20 cm in
conditions of water insurance at 50% of the IUA (A1), 50% of A1(A2) and not irrigated (A3).
Also, each soil tilling version had three graduations of the culture maintenance works in
vegetation consisting in the application of mechanical and manual weeder (B1), without
weeder with weeding (B2) and field covered with vegetal remains (B3). The research has been
carried out at the Valul lui Traian Station for Agricultutral Research and Development.
Results. In conditions of water insurance at 50% of the IUA (A1) the production in the
plowed version, with mechanical and manual weeders, was 10266 kg/ha and 10234 kg/ha in
the version without weeders, only with weeding, and 9394 kg/ha in the version with covered
field.
In soil break up with chisel plow, in the conditions given above regarding water and
maintenance works, the production represents 99%, 91% and 85%, respectively, of the one
obtained in the plowed version.
When insured with water at only 25% of the IUA, the productivity represents 87-94% in the
plowed version and between 74-94% in the chisel plow version, from the version irrigated by
50% of the IUA.
Without irrigation, the production decreased to half of the one obtained in conditions of 50%
of the IUA irrigation in both soil break up versions.
Conclusion. These results corroborated with the ones obtained in other experiences with soil
works effected previously in the same pedo-climatic conditions recommend the soil break up
with chisel plow for corn with the note that soil tilling should alternate once every three-four
years with plowing and also the use of efficient herbicides in weed control.
88
INTER-RADICULAR CONNECTIONS FESTUCA RUBRA AND
TRIFOLIUM REPENS
Vlad STOIAN1*, Roxana VIDICAN1, and Ioan ROTAR1
1
Department of Plant Culture. University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine ClujNapoca.
*
Keywords. Poaceae, Fabaceae, root nodules, hyphal network
Introduction. Natural grasslands represents a stable complex of ecosystems, with a high
functionality of processes for nutrients use. Along with the exploration of soil in search for
nutrients at the root level appears a phenomenon of competition between species. The
competition capacity of each species is given by the expansion of root system, branching and
size of the young roots, respectively the ability to associate with mycorrhizal fungi.
Aims. The evaluation of dimension and architecture of root system of Festuca rubra and
Trifolium repens species. Separating the structures based on absorption capacity and
identifying areas with high absorption potential. Quantifying the level of installation of
mycorrhizal and bacterial root symbiosis to identify plant response to competition.
Materials and Methods. Festuca rubra and Trifolium plants were grown in pots, in pure and
associated cultures, the percentage of each species in the mixture increasing/decreasing by 10
to 10%. The active mycorrhizal circuit was evaluated based on arbuscules abundance, while
senescent system was evaluated based on the frequency and intensity of the mycorrhizatio in
root system.
Results. At plant close proportions in the mixture it is detected a strong development of
young roots while strongly increasing the association with mycorrhizal fungi at both plants.
Trifolium repens species develops a high number of nodules/cm of root as the participation in
the mixture decreases.
Conclusion. As the percentage of participation in the mixture decreases in both species there
is an increase in association with symbiotic microorganisms, while increasing the size of the
newly formed root system.
89
OPTIMIZATION WORK OF SOIL FOR THE CULTIVATION OF
AFILA PEAS IN TURDA AREA
Alina ŞIMON 1, 2*, Teodor RUSU 2, Felicia CHEŢAN 1, 2, Cornel CHEŢAN 1, 2
1
2
Agricultural Research and Development Station, Turda, Romania,
Keywords. soil tillage systems, soil water, peas, yield, economic efficiency.
Introduction. In the context of climate change appears the need to adapt the technologies
appliedas to lead an efficient use of available waterbut increasing soil water reserve (Richter et al.,
2007). By applying minimum tillage system it aims at reducing soil erosion (Oliver and Pharr,
2004), qualitative and quantitative growth of the production, economic efficiency and soil
conservation (Ulrich et al., 2006).
Aims. Establishment of agro-technic and economic alternatives of peas cultivation in Turda area.
Material and Method: The experience was studied at ARDS Turda, in 2014, sol type vertic
faeozem, pH neutral, with loam-clay texture, medium humus content, good supply in mobile
phosphorus and potassium. The experimental factors: factor A: soil work, with 2 graduation: A1
plowing with mould plow, A2: minimum work with chisel; factor B: peas variety, with 4
graduation: B1: Tudor, B2: Dora, B3: Bellmondo, B4: Camilla.
Results and Discussions: Momentary reserve soil moisture is higherin the system with minimal
soil worksthe root system of plants can benefit froma greater amount of water. Increase water
reserve accessible to plants in minimum system led to an increase in the production of green
peas/m2 with 88g, the difference compared to the classical variant being very significant. Mature
pea production was lower by 27 kg/ha at the minimal system compared with classic system, the
difference being insignificant. Through the application of the minimum ground work at pea get an
important economy of 28.4% in terms of fuel costs (337.2 ron/ha) compared to the classic system
application (471 ron/ha). Taking into account the costs of materials the economy of the minimum
systems application is 10.64%, the is 133.8 ron/ha. For producing a 1 ton peas in classical system
is necessaryto 21.9 l/t fuel consumption and an fuel costs of 131.6 ron/t, higher than minimum
system workswere fuel consumption are 15.8 l/t with an fuel costs of 94.9 ron/t.
Conclusions. Momentary reserve soil moisture and the accessiblewater for plants is more in the
application minimum tillage, plants can use the available water more efficiently. Efficiency of
application of minimum system is confirmed only when the production achieved relate to all
factors involved in getting it, especially the total expenditure required to implement the
technology.
References:
1. Oliver, W.C., G.M. Pharr, 2004, Measurement of hardness and elastic modulus by instrumented
indentation: Advances in understanding and refinements to methodology, J. Mater. Res., 19 (1), 320.
2. Richter, G.M., D.W. Lawlor, K. Latiri, M. Acutis, K. Qureshi, 2007, Field scale water-use
efficiency inherent variability and options for crop selection and management, Workshop:
how to advance the knowledge on water use efficiency in the Mediterranean region?, Bari,
Italy, p. 93-100.
3. Ulrich, S., B. Hofmann, S. Tischer, O. Christen, 2006, Influence of Tillage on Soil Quality
in a Long Term Trial in Germany, In Soil Management for Sustainability, p. 110-116.
90
GROWTH IN WHEAT AND MAIZE
Ramona ŞTEF1, Alin CĂRĂBEŢ1, Ioana GROZEA1, Ana-Maria VÎRTEIU1,
Levente MOLNAR1 and Veaceslav MAZĂRE2
1
Department of Biology and Plant Protection, 2Department of Soil Sciences, Banat’s University of
Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “Regele Mihai I al României” from Timisoara
*
Keywords. bindweed, corn, extract allelopathic, wheat
Introduction. In Romania, corn and wheat are the main crop, occupying the largest area of
arable land. Production of wheat and maize is affected by weeds, producing significant
damage by not applying maintenance, wheat may record losses of 45% and maize 90%.
Convolvulus arvensis is one of the main weed species present in maize and wheat. It is a
problem weed, ranks 12th in the world (Holm et al., 1977) being present throughout Romania,
on all soil types and in all cultures (Berca, 2004). Convolvulus arvensis is a competitive and
invasive weed, produces direct and indirect damages to which is added production of
allopathic substances. Allelopathy is a natural phenomenon which refers to any direct or
indirect effect, positive or negative of a plant (including microorganisms) on the other by the
release of chemical compounds in the environment (Delabays et al., 2004). In most cases,
influence is inhibitory, which may explain why some plants do not grow in the presence of
others. They may develop a competition eliminating each other to occupy a particular area. It
can also affect seed germination, root development and nutrient absorption (Ferguson et al,
2013). Research conducted on the effects of allelopathy revealed that not all weeds are
harmful, can be beneficial, some extracts being used for crop production.
Aims. The objective of this study is to evaluate the allelopathic effects of the extracts of
bindweed on germination and plant growth of wheat and corn.
Materials and Methods. In order to accomplish the study were placed two experiences with
wheat and corn, under laboratory conditions. For the preparation of extracts was used 100 g of
the ground material added to 500 ml of distilled water and placed in a horizontal shaker for 24
hours, after this time period filtration was performed. The extracts used in the study were
different throughout vegetative organs (roots, stem, leaves and whole plant) of Convolvulus
arvensis and through the two concentrations: 20% (using only 40 ml of the extract in addition
to 160 ml of water) and 80% (using 160 ml of the extract in addition to 40 ml of water). Corn
and wheat seeds were placed on a layer of filter paper in a Petri dish (10 seeds/Petri dish) and
covered with sterilized sand, each variant was moistened with 200 ml of the extract.
Rezults: From the study conducted was observed that germination, shoot length and dry mass
of wheat and corn plants were significantly affected by the type and concentration of the
extract.
Conclsions: Inhibitory effects highest were recorded in variants treated with extracts of the
root and the whole plant in conc. 80%. Extracts of bindweed stem showed inhibitory effect
only at the maximum concentration.
References
1. Berca M. (2004). Managementul integrat al buruienilor, Editura Ceres
2. Ferguson J., Rathinasabapathi B., Chase C.A. (2013). Allelopathy: How plants
suppress other plants, University of Florida IFAS Extension, 2013
91
PROLIFICACY STUDY OF MAIZE INBRED LINES AND HYBRIDS ON
SCDA-TURDA
Emilia TINCA1, Ioan HAȘ 1-2 and Ana COPÂNDEAN2
1
2
Agricultural Research and Development Resort (ARDR), Turda.
Keywords. densities, grain yield, inbred lines, maize hybrids, prolificacy,
Introduction.In 2014 year, an very favourable year for maize ( Zea mays L.) crops, were
studied, in the Maize breeding laboratory from ARDR-Turda, eight maize inbred lines (four
prolific and four nonprolific) and eight maize hybrids (four prolific and four nonprolific)
Aims. Prolificacy study on three different culture densities and correlated traits.
Materials and Methods. The study was carried out for three culture densities, first density40.000, second density- 60.000, and third density- 80.000 plants/ha; were determinated the
number of ears per plant, stalk breaking strength and crop yield production.
On this study the maize inbred lines and hybrids, were coming from ARDR-Turda, from their
own certified germoplasm.
Results. The average amplitude of hybrids production ranged between 11.005 kg/ ha at
40.000 plants/ha density, and 12.531 kg/ha at 80.000 plants/ha.Highest grain yield value was
registered in A 451-3 hybrid production, with 15.194 kg/ha on 80.000 plants/ ha density.For
the inbred lines average amplitude ranged between 5.355 kg/ha at 40.000 plants/ha density
and 7.742 kg/ha at 80.000 plants/ha density.The highest grain yield value to the inbred lines
was registered at TA 470 inbred line, with 9.925 kg/ha on 80.000 plants/ha density.The
highest number of plant-ears was realized on A 451-3 hybrid with 2,6 ears on first density, 2,1
ears on second density and 1,6 ears/plant on third density.Also, the highest value for same
character on inbred lines, was registred on PI 187, with 2,5 ears on first density and 2,0 ears
on second and third densities.
Conclusion. This research project suggest that prolificacy of maize inbred lines and hybrids
is important for higher grain yield.Also the improved crop stand uniformity under lower
densities is essential for stable grain yield per unit area.
References:
1. Haș I., 2006, Producerea de sămânță la plantele agricole, Ed. Academic Press, ClujNapoca.
2. Motto M., and Moll R.H., 1983, Prolificacy in maize: a review, Maydica XXVIII: 5376.
3. Tokatlidis I.S., Koutsika-Sotiriou M., Tamoutsidis E., 2005, Benefits from using
maize density-independent hybrids, Maydica 50: 9-17
92
IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CAULIFLOWER
MOSAIC VIRUS (CAMV) ISOLATES IN ÇANAKKALE PROVINCE
Hasan Tuna TUZLALI
Department of Plant Protection. Faculty of Agriculture, Onsekiz Mart University, Turkey
*Corresponding autor, e-mail: [email protected]
Keywords. Çanakkale, Cauliflower mosaic virus, DAS-ELISA, PCR, Cloning
In this study, a survey was conducted in Çanakkale Province and sub province on cauliflower
and cabbage plants that show Cauliflower mosaic virus-like symptoms between the years
2010-2011. A total of 84 samples were collected from these areas and tested by DAS-ELISA
and/or PCR for the presence of CaMV. As a result of the DAS-ELISA and/or PCR analysis
63 out of 84 samples were found infected with CaMV. The coat protein genes of some
isolates were cloned and sequenced. Isolates were further characterized and the sequences
obtained from CaMV isolates of Çanakkale were compared with known sequences from other
part of the world to determine the genetic differences and evolutionary relationships among
CaMV isolates from Çanakkale and the other parts of the world. Comparison of CP genes
revealed that CP gene of CaMV isolates from Çanakkale Province and sub provinces showed
93-100 % and isolates with the world 92-97 % identity in their nucleotide sequence,
respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of the CP gene sequences showed that CaMV isolates
from Çanakkale provinces and sub provinces displayed different level of genetic relationship
with CaMV isolates from those of the world. In this case the method isolates proteins were
analyzed by western blot analysis. As a result of western blot analysis of some isolates with
44 kDa, 39 kDa and 37 kDa weight proteins were obtained.
Acknowledgement. This study was supported by Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University
Scientific Research Project Council (BAP, Project no; 2011/052).
93
SOME AGRO BIOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES, PHYSIC AND
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF BIOMASS OF THE MISCANTHUS
GIGANTEUS
Victor ŢÎŢEI 1, T. IVANOVA 2, A. MUNTEAN 3
1
Botanical Garden (Institute) of Academy of Sciences of Moldova
2
Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Czech Republic
3
State Agrarian University of Moldova, Republic of Moldova
*Corresponding autor, e-mail: [email protected]
Keywords. biological peculiarities, biomass yield, Miscanthus giganteus, physic and
mechanical properties
Introduction. The sources of renewable energy acquire considerable interest, biomass play
leading role in this amount. The introduction, selection and breeding of new energetic crops
is the main condition for the successful development of energetic biomass production and an
important target for agricultural research. The investigations new species plant for biofuel
production is an important object in Czech Republic and Republic of Moldova.
Aims. The aim of the present study was to evaluate some agro biological peculiarities, physic
and mechanical properties of biomass of the hybrid Miscanthus giganteus (M. sinensis x M.
sacchariflorus).
Materials and Methods. The hybrid Miscanthus giganteus, which were cultivated in the
Botanical Garden (Institute) of Academy of Sciences of Moldova and Czech University of
Life Sciences, served as object of study. The physic and mechanical properties dry biomass
was determined in the laboratory solid bio fuel Czech University of Life Sciences and State
Agrarian University of Moldova according to European Standards.
Results. It was established in the first year of vegetation Miscanthus giganteus develop, in the
underground part, the root system and new rhizomes, and the 3-5 shoots can reach 1.2-1.8 m tall,
with high leaf content. In the following year, vegetation starts in April and, from rhizomes, grow
12-25 shoots which by the end of vegetation reach 3.0 -3.8 m tall, the root system reaches 2 m
depth, the number of rhizomes increases considerably.
The dry biomass productivity of a 3-5 year old plantation reaches 16-26 t/ha. Collecting the
biomass can be effectuated to fodder harvesting combines. The bulk density of the collected
material of Miscanthus giganteus constitutes 138-178 kg/ m3. The gross calorific value of the
biomass from 18.9 MJ/kg to 20.3 MJ/kg. Maximum energy yield 531GJ/ha. The ash content
1.5- 3.5 %. The biomass can be used directly and processed into briquettes and pellets. The
density of briquettes made from Miscanthus giganteus is about 594-649 kg/m3
Conclusion. Due to its great adaptability and high biomass production the hybrid Miscanthus
giganteus is promising energy crops to produce solid bio fuels with high heat capacity.
94
EVALUATION OF THE ABSORPTION ABILITY OF WINTER WHEAT
BASED ON ROOT SYSTEM CLUSTERING
Roxana VIDICAN, Vlad STOIAN* and Ioan ROTAR
Department of Plant Culture. University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine ClujNapoca.
*
Keywords. winter wheat, root hierarchy, micorrhizal circuit
Introduction. Wheat is the crop with the highest global expansion, ensuring basic food for a
high segment of world`s population. Wheat grains have a balanced ratio between
carbohydrates and protein substances, an optimal ratio for human body requirements. In order
to ensure high yields, wheat requires a rational fertilization based on the absorption capacity
of the root system. The dynamics of growth and root branching architecture of wheat is
closely related to the mycorrhizal association potential, young roots favoring proliferation of
hyphae and high values of nutrients export from soil.
Aims. Modeling the associative system root -mycorrhiza, separately on root clusters, fits into
the current statistical context as a solution for identification the momentary capacity to access
nutrients from soil and obtain stable yields. Identification of active hyphal and senescent
circuits can be used as a stabilizing factor in the forecast models for plant growth and
development.
Materials and Methods. The root system is separated into clusters based on root
architecture, using as reference the areas where the root is branching. Separately on each
cluster is determined the level of active and senescent mycorrhizal circuits, identifying the
potential for absorption of nutrients.
Results. Separation of root architecture in clusters with differential absorption potential
provides a realistic picture of the momentary development of wheat plants in soil. Level of
mycorrhization indicate the function of absorption and transfer circuits. Mathematical models
necessary for successful cultivation of wheat become more stable due to the incorporation of
absorption potential.
Conclusion. The evaluation of root cluster provides a number of parameters with high
potential for the stability of mathematical models for installation and success of winter wheat
crop.
95
ANALYSIS OF THE THRIPS FAUNA (INSECTA: THYSANOPTERA)
ON FLOWERS OF ROSES IN WESTERN PART OF ROMANIA
Ana – Maria VIRTEIU1, Ioana GROZEA1, Ramona STEF1, Alin CARABET1, Levente
MOLNAR1, Teodora FLORIAN2 and Veaceslav MAZARE1
1
Department of Biology and Plant Protection, Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and
Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania" from Timisoara
2
Department of Environmental and Plant Protection , University of Agricultural Science and
Veterinary Medicine Cluj – Napoca
*
Keywords. geographical distribution rose flowers, species diversity, taxonomic spectrum,
thrips fauna
Introduction. Thrips are tiny insects responsible for the reduction of rose flower quality.
Thrips are usually associated with roses particularly early in the season. Infestations
concentrate around new flowers and flowers buds. During outbreaks these insects reduce
flowers size and may even kill buds. Thrips fed especially on flowers petals after bud break,
causing losses in blossom quality.
Aims. This research work covers the observations of the species composition of thrips and the
periods of the occurrence of the particulars species of thrips and their numerousness.
Materials and Methods. Studies of Thysanoptera were realized at the Young Naturalists
Station in Timisoara, on five rose varieties (Virgo, Pascaly, Golden Shower, Gloria Day and
Flamingo), over the years 2012 – 2014. In order to achieve the objectives set were used three
different collection methods: the shaking method, the method of periodical sampling on
flowers and colored sticky traps.
Results. The analysis of the thrips specific diversity pointed out a taxonomic spectrum of 12
species, four of those species of thrips, Frankliniella intonsa (Trybom, 1895), Taeniothrips
inconsequens (Uzel, 1895), Thrips fuscipennis (Haliday, 1836) and Thrips major var.
banatica (Knechtel, 1948), were recorded as the most important insect pest on rose in western
part of Romania. Highest population density of these thrips occurred during the blooming
stage. Regarding to the trophic levels – all the thrips species are polyphagous: 8 species are
flower and flower buds feeder (rarely leaves and fruits feeders) and 4 species are leaves
feeders. Regarding to the food habitat – 3 species of thrips are arboricolous, 2 species are
present on both herbaceous and woody essences and 7 species are generally praticolous. The
analysis of the rose thrips geographical distribution showed the dominance of the WestPalaeartic elements, followed by Cosmopolitan and Palaeartic ones.
Conclusion. Structural indicators values indicate species Frankliniella intonsa as
characteristic species on rose, with the highest values of relative abundance and frequency in
four of the five varieties studied, as followed: Pascaly, Flamingo, Gloria Day și Virgo.
References:
1. Knechtel W., 1951 – Thysanoptera Fauna R.P.R., Insecta, Ed. Acad. Rom., vol. VIII
(1), 260 p.
2. Strassen R., 1996 – Neue Daten zur Systematik und Verbreitung einiger westpaläarktischer Terebrantia – Arten (Thysanoptera), Ent. Nachr. Ber., 40: 111 - 118
3. Vasiliu – Oromulu Liliana, 1998 – The geographical distribution of the Romanian
Thysanoptera species (Insecta: Thysanoptera), Entomol. Rom, 3: 67 – 72
96
HOST PLANT SPECIES OF THE CICADA METCALFA PRUINOSA IN
ROMANIA
Mihai VLAD*, Ioana GROZEA
Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I of Romania”
from Timisoara, 119 Calea Aradului, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
*
Keywords. Metcalfa pruinosa, cicada, host species, monitoring.
Introduction. Metcalfa pruinosa (Say) is an invasive species native to North America,
accidentally introduced to Europe, more specifically to Italy in 1979. In Romania it was
observed for the first time in Constanta and a year later it was found in Timisoara, in the
Western part of Romania too (Grozea, 2011).
In its place of origin the cicada consumes over 100 species of plants meanwhile in Europe,
over 300, which indicates an emphasized polifagism.
Aims. The aim of our studies was to identify new host plants and habitats in Romania.
Materials and Methods. Observations took place in 13 counties of Romania during year
2014, between May-September, in order to identity as many new host plants and habitats as
possible. Observations were performed in the following counties: Timis, Arad, Bihor,
Hunedoara, Sibiu, Mures, Alba, Cluj, Mehedinti, Dolj, Salaj, Ilfov and Arges. The host plants
were identified and the degree of attack was evaluated on scale from 0 to 5, where 0
significates the lack of attack and 5 is for the maximal attack, when there were insects in all
life stages on most of the plants.
Results. The degree of attack was correlated with the number of host plants from an
observation point. The number of attacked species was the highest in Timis county (30),
where the degree of attack was also the highest, with an average value of 4.0. The most
attacked plant species belonged to genera: Prunus, Rosa, Acer, Hibiscus, Ligustrum and
Buxus.
Conclusion. There is a positive correlation between the number of attacked plant species and
the degree of attack. It has been found that where the diversity of plant species is high,
Metcalfa pruinosa also has a larger population, and it is more likely to find the optimum
plants for nutrition.
References
1. Grozea I., Gogan A., Virteiu A.M., Grozea A., Stef R., Molnar L., Carabet A. and
Dinnesen S. (2011). Metcalfa pruinosa Say (Insecta: Homoptera: Flatidae): a New
pest in Romania. Afr J Agric Res 6 (27):5870-5877.
97
INFLUENCE OF AGRONOMIC PRACTICES ON GRASSLAND OF
AGROSTIS CAPILLARIS L. – FESTUCA RUBRA L. FROM
DEALUL CRUCII MEADOW
Zorica VOŞGAN1*, Roxana VIDICAN2, Lucia MIHALESCU1, Monica MARIAN1,
Stela JELEA1, Oana MARE ROSCA1, Anca DUMUŢA1, Susana SFECHIŞ2
1
Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, North University Center of Baia Mare, Romania
2
*
Keywords. agronomic factors, grassland, grazing
Introduction. The phytodiversity of natural grasslands is highly important in terms of fodder,
as it significantly increases the yield. In Maramures County, meadows are dominate by
Agrostis capillaris and Festuca rubra (Barbos, 2006).
Aims. The objectif of our paper is to identify and describe species composition and
assessment response to agronomic factors of the Agrostis capillaris L. - Festuca rubra L.
grassland type, from Dealul Crucii meadow, which has a degree of mixed use (grazing and
mowing).
Materials and Methods. The floristic composition was studied with Bran-Blanquet method,
by making phytosociological relevés (samples surface). The species were analyzed according
to their response to climatic and edaphic factors, respectively agronomic factors.
Results. The grassland of Agrostis capillaris L. - Festuca rubra L. has a floristic composition
comprised of Poaceae, where the Festuca rubra L. species is noticed with 15,93 %, iar
Agrostis capillaris L. is present at a rate of 8%. Cyperaceae and Juncaceae have a small
presence and Fabaceae, valuable species in terms of fodder, have a percentage of 3.3%. This
type of grassland has a mesophilic, micro-mesothermal, euriionic and moderate nitrophilous
character. From agronomic point of view, predominate species medium resistant of mowing
and in terms of plant resistance to grazing, most of the species are sensitive to grazing
environment. The bonitation coefficients indicate that this is an medium category type of
pasture with a pastoral value of 1.9 points and supports a load of 0.81 to 1.00 LU/ha.
Conclusion. Analyzing the influence of combined use (grazing and mowing) on hill in the
Maramures County, indicates that most species are susceptible to mowing and grazingsensitive. This is due to the improper agricultural practices and lack of pasture improvement
works.
References
1. Bărbos, M. I. (2006). Montane grasslands dominated by Agrostis capillaris and
Festuca rubra in Maramureş county I. Phytosociological analysis. Contribuţii
Botanice, Grădina Botanică “Alexandru Borza” Cluj-Napoca. 41(2): 41-52.
98
Section 2: Environmental Protection and Sustainable Development
SECTION 2: ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT
WILDFIRE IMPACT AND FIRE PARADOX IN A NATURAL AND
ENDEMIC PINUS CANARIENSIS FOREST STAND
Jose Ramon ARÉVALO1, A. NARANJO-CIGALA2, M. SALAS3, and M. MORENO4
1
Department of Botany, Ecology and Plant Physiology, Universidad de La Laguna. La Laguna 38206.
Islas Canarias. Spain.
2
Department of Geography, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria. Las Palmas de Gran
Canaria 35003. Islas Canarias. Spain.
3
Aula de La Naturaleza, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria
35003. Islas Canarias. Spain.
4
Servicio de Obras Públicas, Cabildo de Gran Canaria, C/ Tomás Morales nº 3, Las Palmas de Gran
Canaria 35003. Islas Canarias. Spain.
*
Fire is a powerful force that has shape forests for thousands of years, being a widespread
phenomenon of great presence in “mass-media” due to the possible economical damaging,
social effects, impact on houses and properties or even can kill people. Regions with a
seasonal aridity have a fire regime dependent on climate, implying a synchrony of fire
occurrence at regional scale, and this spatial and temporal variation of fire regimes regulate
the structure, diversity, regeneration dynamics and nutrient cycling.
In the Canary Islands, fires are recurrent in the pine forest, although their occurrence in the
same area more than once within a 20 year period is rare. A 50 years study of fire impact in
Canary Islands revealed that this impact and how Canary Islands is inmerse in Fire Paradox
process typical of areas where fire suppression become a principal aspect of managers of
protected areas.
99
ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF BIOGAS-SOLAR POWER PLANT
Pavo BALIČEVIĆ* and Aleksandar LIVAZOVIĆ
Department of Agricultural Techniques, Faculty of Agriculture in Osijek, University in Osijek, Croatia
*
Keywords. energy efficiency, biogas-solar power plant, solar energy
Introduction. Consumption of thermal energy for heating the substrates in the biogas
production process represents a significant energy loss. If a biogas power plant is built with
biogas plants the total heat losses can be, by synergistic action, significantly reduced. This
may have a decisive effect on the plant construction economic feasibility.
Aims. This paper aims to research a complete energy efficiency of the biogas production
entire system in the biogas plant including biogas use for the biogas plant drive with the
additional use of the available solar energy.
Materials and Methods. On the basis of empirical data on the thermal properties and
available capacities of designed plants, analytical methods of power plants heat loss and
energy efficiency determination are used in this paper.
Results. Based on the former analyses obtained by the research of the capacity derived from
biogas plants located in the region, the biogas production capacity in the given conditions is
determined. We develop a model for determining the quantity of manufactured biogas and the
corresponding thermal energy. Mathematical model development sets the power plant energy
balance including the solar energy effects. The calculation algorithm results in an indicator of
the plant efficiency degree.
Conclusion. Studies conducted in the paper show a positive synergy effect of biogas and
solar energy use to drive the biogas power plant in the biogas plant system.
References.
1. Janiček F. at al. (2012). Renewable Energy Sources 2. Faculty of Electrical
Engineering and Information Technology, Slovak University of Technology in
Bratislava.
2. Baličević P. at al (2014). Variables in a Model for Yield of Biogas Derived from
Biological Substrates. Proceedings of 4th International Conference Vallis Aurea,
Pozega-Vienna: 31-37.
100
THE BEHAVIOUR OF PHASEOLUS VULGARIS UNDER MICROWAVE
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION STRESS IN GREENHOUSE
Claudia BALINT, Ioan OROIAN*, Daniela BORDEA, Bianca BORDEANU,
Narcisa MARIAN
Department Environment and Plant Protection. Faculty of Agriculture, University of
Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
*
Keywords. common bean, length, development, irradiation
Introduction The use of physical factors in order to increase production of common bean is
an important opportunity of enhancing productivity and fasten development. It is one of the
newest ecological technology, important for the agriculture of XXIst century.
Aims. The aim of this paper is to test the behavior of Phaseolus vulgaris under microwave
electromagnetic radiation stress in greenhouse.
Materials and Methods. Our research is developed within controlled conditions of the
greenhouse of the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca.
A series of parameters were monitored in common bean placed in controlled electromagnetic
field: growing velocity, stem length development, general development. Interpretation of
results was done based on statistical processing of data obtained by the most modern
statistical methods that had access or STATISTICA software v 7.0.
Results and Discussions: The study of the developmental process of common bean within
experimental conditions, emphasizes that the average stem length of bean plants placed in
magnetic field was with 0.40 cm bigger compared to those non-irradiated, while average root
length was bigger with 0.16 cm in bean plants placed in magnetic field was with 0.35 cm
bigger compared to those non-irradiated.
Conclusion. The use of low power microwave irradiation in germination of common bean in
laboratory conditions may be taken into consideration for large scale cultivation. Further
research is needed in order to establish appropriate practices for the success of this innovative
technique
101
THE BEHAVIOR OF SOME POTATO MID-EARLY VARIETIS
WHEN TREATMENTS WITH SOME UNCONVENTIONAL
PRODUCTS ARE PERFORMED (2013-2014)
Ioan BRAŞOVEAN, Ioan OROIAN,* Antonia ODAGIU, Cristian IEDERAN
University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Calea Mănăştur
Street, nr. 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, România
*
Keywords. mid-early potato varietis, unconventional products, production
Introduction. Potato is a plant which has particular importance for human food, feeding of
animals and for industrial processing [2]. Among major goals of ensuring food of humanity is
located and potato which it had and continues to have a large role in the increase in supply
resources in many geographical areas of the world. Considered rightfully "a second loaf" of
the world, potato is one of the most approved foods [1]. At present, because demographic
explosion, potato, along with a few other plants, represents a hope for to accommodate the
needs of of the mankind, concurand with the most important foods: cereals, meat, fruit.
Aims. The work of front proposes identification and quantification of behavioral aspects
semitarzii potato varieties in terms of production, the implementation of unconventional
treatments with products.
Materials and Methods. For the achievement of the objectives to be achieved was devised
polifactoriala experience, of the type 2 x 6 x 6, in 3 repetitions, to identify mid-early behavior
potato varieties in terms of production, the application of treatments with unconventional
products, where the Factor A - the experimental years 2013, respectively 2014; the Factor B –
mid-early potato varieties: Robusta, Amelia, Christian, Dacia, Impala, Roclas; the Factor C the unconventional products: Atonik, Bionat, Biostar, Glutaxim, Terra Sorb Foliar, Maxiroot.
Results. The results obtained after the interpretation of data using Duncan test, reveals that
the mid-early varieties taken in the study have behaved differently in the two experimental
years. If in the year 2013 variety Amelia reacted favorably to applying the treatment with
Bionat, in the year 2014 same variety had adverse reaction. This can be justified probably,
considering that, in the two experimental years, climatic conditions have been different.
Conclusion. From the point of view of the group of which the varieties precocitate taken in
the study are a part, the application of uncoventional treatments seem to have a positive
influence on production potential of these varieties. All positive effects generated by the
products mentioned, it works as a whole-unit, causing a better response of the plants to attack
by pathogens, thus increasing their resistance against diseases.
References
1. Mogârzan Aglaia, G. Morar, M. Stefa, 2004 - Fitotehnie, Ed. Ion Ionescu de la Brad,
Iaşi
2. Ştefan V., 2005 - Cartoful: tehnici de cultivare, Ed. Nemira, Bucureşti
102
THE INFLUENCE OF CLIMATE CHANGE ISSUES IN PINE TREE
FORESTS FROM MUREŞ AREA
Petru BURDUHOS, Ioan OROIAN*, Antonia ODAGIU, Ilie COVRIG
*
Keywords. drought, storm, extreme phenomena, statistics
Introduction. Installed pine forest crops, particularly on degraded lands occupy large areas
and grows in terms of the hardest, sometimes quite vulnerable, exposed to risk factors
(drought, wind, snow, stationary conditions, anthropogenic factors), causing significant harm
these stands (drying, tearing, etc).
Aims. The aim of this paper is to monitor climate change consequences reported in pine tree
forests located in Mureş area.
Materials and Methods. In order to pursue the study, one experimental field was installed in
Mures County. Abiotic factors represented by extreme climatic parameters and phenomena
are studied. Interpretation of results was done based on statistical processing of data obtained
by the most modern statistical methods that had access or STATISTICA software v 7.0.
Results and Discussions: The results of the monitoring process emphasize that a series of
climatic change signs are identified in studied area. Among these we noticed the effects of
drought and strong storms with important consequences on pine tree health.
Conclusion. According to our study, it results that the climatic changes signed within our
monitoring process expressed by drought and strong storms are important and determinant
factors in manifestation of drying phenomena in pine trees.
103
CHEMICAL INDICATORS OF WET DEPOSITION AND THEIR
IMPACT ON THE SOIL IN MARAMURES COUNTY, NW OF
ROMANIA
Claudia BUTEAN1*, Angela MICHNEA2, Cristina MIHALI1, Zoita Marioara
BERINDE1, AnaMaria GAVRA2 and Mirela SIMIONESCU2
1
Department of Chemistry and Biology, North University Center of Baia Mare, Technical University
of Cluj Napoca, Romania
2
Environmental Protection Agency Maramureş, Baia Mare, Romania
*
Keywords. ammonium, chlorides, nitrates, sulphates, wet deposition
Introduction. The wet deposition composition reflects the air quality being also one of the
way of entrance of the pollutants in soil. An acidic pH of wet deposition causes the increase
of soil acidity [1,2].
Aims. Our paper aims to investigate the pH, the level of anions (chlorides, nitrates, sulphates)
and ammonium cation in the wet deposition during May – December 2014 and the associated
element inputs. Four location in Maramures County were studied: Baia Mare, Sighetu
Marmatiei, Viseu de Sus and Borsa.
Materials and Methods. Samples were collected during May 2014 - December 2014. The
withdraw of samples was carried out twice a month. Equipments and working protocols were
used according to sampling guides. Wet deposition collectors were used (Eigenbrodt –
Germany, RS 1 model in Sighetu Marmatiei, Viseu de Sus and Borsa and an automatic
collector NSA 181/KE in Baia Mare). The volume of each sample was measured. The
chemical analyses of anions and cation content in the wet deposition samples were realised by
molecular spectrometry using a Varian Cary 50 UV-VIS spectrometer.
Results. The level of pH and anions (Cl-, SO4 2- , NO3-) and cation (NH4+) concentrations in
the wet deposition during May – December 2014 in four locations in Maramures County
(Baia Mare, Sighetu Marmatiei Viseu de Sus and Borsa) were measured and the associated
elements (S, N and Cl) inputs were calculated.
Conclusion. Wet deposition in the studied period displays significant monthly variation.
The highest average value of indicators concentration in wet depositions were found in Baia
Mare while the lowest were registered in Borsa. Generally, high values of indicators
concentration were associated with low volume of wet deposition and also with the cold
month due to the domestic heating. Through atmospheric deposition, a certain enrichment of
nitrogen in soil was observed.
References
1. Cui, J., Zhou, J. Peng, Y., He, Y., Yang, H., Mao, J., Zhang, M., Wang, Y. and Wang,
S. (2014). Atmospheric wet deposition of nitrogen and sulfur in the agroecosystem in
developing and developed areas of Southeastern China, Atmospheric Environment,
89:102-108.
2. Butean, C., Mihali, C., Berinde, Z.M., Michnea, A.M., Gavra, A., Simionescu, M.
(2014).Wet deposition analysis using UV-VIS spectrometry in Maramures county
(Romania), ECOTERRA - Journal of Environmental Research and Protection,
11(4):11-16.
104
ANTHROPIC PRESSURES EXERTED ON THE BIODIVERSITY OF
THE MOUNTAIN AREA IN ROMANIA
Lavinia Alina CĂLUŞERU1, Luminiţa COJOCARIU1,2
1
Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Mihai I of
Romania” from Timisoara, 300645, 119, Calea Aradului, Timisoara, Romania
2
Assoc. Researcher - Mountain Economy Centre “CE-MONT” of the National Institute of
Economic Research “Costin C. Kiriţescu” – INCE, Romanian Academy, INCE central office
in CASA ACADEMIEI, 13 Septembrie Street, Bucharest
Keywords. anthropic pressure, biodiversity, mountain area.
Introduction.The geographic location of Romania, its landforms and climatic conditions are of
utmost importance, as they contribute to Romania being recognised as a state with a wonderful
ecological biodiversity, with natural areas of national, European and international interest.
Mountain areas are present in all geographic regions of our country, in various proportions. The
anthropic pressure exerted on biodiversity in these areas are different, both from the point of view
of the intensity of their impact and from the point of view of their causes.
Aims. The aim of the present paper is to identify especially the threats and pressure exerted on the
biodiversity in Banat Mountains, as the pastoral traditions and biodiversity displayed in this area
are of high natural value.
Materials and Methods. Our activity of information and research is based on statistic data. The
information used for the purpose of the present paper was gathered from official sources and
specialized literature. These data were analysed and interpreted, as was the current situation
recorded regarding the preservation and possible decline of biodiversity in Romanian mountain
areas, especially in Banat Mountains.
Results.Some of the main attributions and responsibilities of the central authority for public
administration are: strategic planning, regulating, controlling, informing and educating the public
regarding the benefits of environment protection by preserving its natural biodiversity, by
sustainable use of its components and good management of the system of protected natural areas.
It is the task of the same authority to make yearly reports regarding the state of the environment
and of its components (articles 5 and 6 of Government Decision 38/2015).
According to the latest National Report regarding the State of the Environment for the year 2013,
written in 2014 by the Ministry of the Environment and of Climatic Changes, the general
conclusion is the following: “The great agricultural areas and some terrestrial and aquatic
ecosystems have been negatively impacted by some sources of pollution. In these areas, changes
been noticed in the structure and the dynamics of the biologic diversity. The rest of the natural
environment is within the normal quality parameters, offering the necessary conditions for
preserving the specific biological diversity”. In the latest annual national report on the State of
the Environment, written by the National Agency for Environment Protection Bucharest for the
year 2013, the central public authority identifies and establishes the threats on biodiversity. It also
classifies them, according to their impact, into direct threats, indirect threats and natural threats.
Conclusion.The mountain area and especially its diversity are under anthropic pressure. The
distribution and impact of this pressure are uneven. The impact degree is mainly determined by
the socio-economic and cultural development of the area in question. The negative impact is not
only given by economic underdevelopment but also by intense economic development.
105
CORRELATIVE MODELS BETWEEN BALATON (A) AND ATRIUM
(E) WHEAT VARIETIES, NITROGEN DOSES AND THEIR DIVISION
IN SEINI – MARAMURES, 2009-2010
Vasile Marius CĂRĂBĂŢ1, Mihai BERCA1, Roxana HOROIAŞ1*,
Cristian Florinel CIOINEAG2
1
Department of Management and Economic Engineering. University of Agronomic Science and
Veterinary Medicine, Bucharest, Romania
2
Department of Agriculture. University of Agronomic Science and Veterinary Medicine, Bucharest,
Romania
*
Keywords. fertilization, nitrogen doses, wheat, yield
Introduction. Continuous change of the climatic conditions, but also of the wheat genetics,
both for the “A” category (high quality), as well as for “E” or “P” category (elite – premium,
with high protein content), show that a new rethinking of nitrogen management is needed.
Aims. Through the research conducted it was intended to demonstrate that in the soil and
climate conditions from Seini – Maramures, the wheat crop yield can be easily increased by
simply applying a new fertilization management schemes.
Materials and Methods. To analyze the reaction of Balaton and Atrium wheat varieties on a
specific nitrogen management, the demonstration plots method has been used – in plots of 0.5
ha. Randomly, 4 rehearsals in each plot, with sizes of 4 x 10 = 40 m2 (32 rows x 10 m), were
detached. All plots were fertilized with P50N20 in autumn, pursuing 14 variants of nitrogen
fertilization – in different doses and application phases. It results a total of 3 x 14 = 42
variants. Statistical processing was performed based on the obtained data.
Results. It has been observed that the application of single doses of nitrogen, in spring,
increases the Balaton wheat variety yield from 1930 kg/ha in the control version, up to 4110
kg/ha at a dosage of 120 kg N/ha. For the same fertilization, Atrium variety yield increase is
even more significant, from 1690 kg/ha to 4160 kg/ha. To none of the varieties, the nitrogen
dose division doesn’t affect the yield in low doses (40-60 kg N/ha), but it is very effective and
demonstrated by the correlations performed at high doses (70-120 kg N/ha).
Conclusion. Type A and premium wheat varieties, provenance Austria, were acclimatized
and can be successfully cultivated in the Seini region. Soils being poor and with a low
biological activity, the synthetically fixed nitrogen is extremely well capitalized. The two
varieties considered for the study (Balaton and Atrium) exploit differently the nitrogen doses
received, depending on the quantity, division and application moments.
106
ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION OF DEGRADED LANDS IN THE
COUNTY OF GALATI
Maria CONTOMAN1, Alina SIMIONICA2
1
2
University "Dunarea de Jos" of Galati, Faculty of Science and Engineering Food,
Department of Aquaculture, Environmental Science and Cadastre; [email protected]
County Office for Pedological and Agrochemical Studies Galati;
*
Keywords. ecological restoration, land degraded, forestation, forest species.
Introduction. South-east of the country is affected by the complex processes lands
degradation. The main effects of economic, social and environmental results from lands
degradation processes are: decreased agricultural production and forestry, removing land from
agricultural and forestry land abandonment by their owners, populating rural areas, water
pollution, clogging sharp lakes, destruction of communication and of settlements and
increased desertification.
Aims. The study aimed to prepare a project for ecological restoration through forestation of
those. Qualitative assessment of the land in question was based on a cadastral survey of
evaluation soil and after which we determined the suitability classes of environmental factors
and determinants for major forest species used for forestation.
Materials and Methods. Before the start of field work has made a documentary on the
natural environment of the area by consulting the literature which refers to the geographical
area studied (The methodology of developing soil studies, ICPA). Determination of physicochemical characteristics of soils was done in the County Office for Pedological and
Agrochemical Studies Galati laboratory.
Results. Values ecological factors were analyzed in relation to their suitability for a few
forest species: Pedunculate oak -Quercus robur, Gray oak -Quercus pedunculiflora, MapleAcer platanoides L, Silver lime- Tilia tomentosa, Flowering- Fraxinus ornus L, elm
Turchestan - Ulmus pumila L ,-acacia- Robinia pseudacacia L., cherry- Prunus mahaleb,
American malin- Prunus serotina Ehrh.
Conclusion. To rehabilitate degraded lands necessary to carry out a quantitative and
qualitative analysis of soil resources and to take steps to improve their productive capacity.
References
1. Chirita C. D., (1984). Ecopedological and the Basis of Soil science. Editura Ceres,
Bucharest.
2. Untaru, E., (2005). Optimum compositions for the rehabilitation of degraded land. In
volume optimal compositions Romanian forests, edited by Prof. dr.doc. Victor
Giurgiu. Ceres Publishing House, Bucharest, pp. 198-210.
3. *** (2003). The methodology of developing soil studies, ICPA, Bucharest
107
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE MONITORING OF IPIDAE
OCCURENCE IN PINE TREE FORESTS FROM MUREŞ AREA
Ilie COVRIG, Ioan OROIAN*, Ovidiu CHIOREAN, Vasile CEUCA
*
Keywords. threat, attack degree, specie, beetle
Introduction. At the same time, we know that ordinary pine stands are vulnerable to a wide
range of biotic pests, the main venue being occupied by bark beetles (Ipidae). They are of
secondary species, which are installed on physiologically weakened trees and, if windfalls are
multiplied greatly in a short time gaining primary character and become a threat to remaining
healthy trees standing and especially to neighboring healthy stands. They may cause a large
amount of loose wood material (broken trees uprooted, felled) suitable for reproduction. This
material may not be evacuated quickly in the forest (as it should) due to the inaccessibility of
areas where damages are produced and lack of acces roads.
Aims. The aim of this paper is to perform quantitative and qualitative monitoring of Ipidae
occurrence in pine tree forests from Mureş area.
Materials and Methods. The research was developed within the Forestry Office Mureş. The
observational monitoring was used as qualitative method. Frequency and intensity of Ipidae
attach were weekly recorded during April – September 2014. Interpretation of results was
done based on statistical processing of using STATISTICA software v 7.0.
Results and Discussions: In our study we identified Ipidae, representatives, as follows: Ips
acuminatus (approximately 90-100 families/m2 bark) in the upper third of the tree, Ips
sexdentatus (50-70 families/m2 of bark) in the bottom third and middle and Blastophagus
(Tomicus) piniperda (about 70 families/m2 of bark) in the middle third.
Conclusion. According to our study, the average annual attack degree of Ipidae was of
35.82%. It was also found that their numerically evolution and intensity and frequency of
their attack is connected to the climatic factors specific to regional environment.
108
THE INFLUENCE OF THE LOW FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC
FIELD ON SEED GERMINATION FOR SOME SPECIES OF LEGUMES
Elena Maria DRAGHICI1*, Marian VELCEA1 and Ioan PLOTOG3
1
3
Department of Horticulture. USAMV Bucharest, Romania.
Department of Electronic Technology and Reliability, UPB-ETTI Bucharest, Romania
*
Keywords. In Vitro Cultures; Magnetic Field; Seed Germination; Species of Legumes
Introduction. The use of the magnetic field in plant biotechnology is a current topic, but
there are no general solutions available for setting the intensity and frequency of the field.
Experiments considered the specific frequency and intensity of Schumann waves [6] and
results on the antibacterial treatment can be observed for B < 1mT (B denotes magnetic
induction) and accelerate plant growth [2] for B > 1mT, the field frequency being in the range
F=0-500Hz. It is known the biomagnetic studies on soybean [1] and the concept of “minilab”
promoted for magnetic field influences over “in vitro cultures”.
Aims. It analyzes on seed germination reaction following vegetable species: tomatoes,
peppers, cucumbers and lettuce. The frequencies tested correspond to sounds tradition
established by energizing effects, but are sent as messages via magnetic field frequency and
intensity modulation. The pulses also may experimental versions, implemented through a
dedicated electronic equipment design and realized for these experiments.
Materials and Methods:The influence of exposition periods to the variable magnetic field,
spectral composition, respectively frequencies and intensity of magnetic field over the
evolution of germination of seeds of legumes culture is possible using a metalic container
equipped with a programmable generator system Helmholtz coils. Practical, the experimental
system could be defined as a mechatronic system and will concept and design in consequence.
The experimental system will be used in growth chamber and the experiments developed
there will be always references for that will be developed into experimental system. Ambient
temperature: minim 20°C, maximum 24°C; Relative humidity of 65%;
Test tubes dimension: 20mm diameter, 100mm high; In order to investigate the
electromagnetic field influence over the plant biotechnology processes was considered
Helmholtz coils as solution to realize the minilab continuous or alternative magnetic field
generator controlled by means of continuous or alternative current value. The total magnetic
field is the sum of the magnetic fields from each of the coils [10]. For geometry of two
parallel coils interconnected in order to assure the same sense for current.
Results. The stimulation by electomagnetic field of low frequecies of germination of same
seeds of legumes has an unespected result. The effect is in connection withe the frequence
and the information transfered by the magnetic field thruoth modulation of it. Conclusion. In
the present research work, we demonstrated that this innovative technology focusing on
magnetic field frequency and intensity modulation energy increase seed germination reaction
following vegetable species: tomatoes, peppers, cucumbers and lettuce. The frequencies has
also importance especialy when correspond to sounds traditionaly established with energizing
effect; Is successful.
109
BACTERIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS AND PUBLIC PERCEPTION
ABOUT DRINKING WATER OF BOREHOLES IN ARIB (AIN DEFLA,
ALGERIA)
Mohand Said HAMAIDI1, Fella HAMAIDI-CHERGUI1 and Mohamed BRAHIM
ERRAHMANI2
1
Department of Biology and cellular physiology (BPC). Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences,
2
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences,
Blida 1 University, BP 270 Blida, Algeria
*
Key words: Ain Defla, Arib, bacteriological analysis, Boreholes, water quality
Introduction. Contamination of groundwater has severe implications for public health,
particularly in small communities and developing countries where groundwater is often the
preferred source of drinking water (Bitton and Gerba, 1984).
Aims. Water from boreholes in Arib (Ain Defla), south-west of Algeria was investigated to
ascertain its quality status and suitability for drinking and domestic uses.
Materials and Methods. Fifty six water samples were collected from four boreholes. The
membrane filtration technique (MFT) was used. The filter was placed on a Petri dish
containing selective agar. All the results were compared to standards of WHO. The interviews
were done to assess perceptions on water and health problems.
Results. The total coliforms obtained from various samples ranged between 0 and 200
CFU/100 mL and between 0 and 8 CFU/100 mL for fecal coliforms. Pathogen like
Salmonella was not identified but some low levels of sulfito-reducing bacteria were found.
Thirty people were sampled at each area surrounding the boreholes. More than 43% of the
respondents rated their drinking water for consumption as well as absence of illness after
drinking. The others (56.7%) reported to have at least some concerns with safety of their
water. Many respondents rated the smell (40%), taste (20%), colour (23.33%) and turbidity
(23.33%).
Conclusion. These results showed that all the samples did not satisfy the WHO requirements
for bacteriological characteristics in human consumption.
References
1. Bitton G. and Gerba C. (1984), Groundwater pollution microbiology: the emerging
issue. In: Bitton, G., Gerba, C. Editors. Groundwater Pollution Microbiology. New
York: John Wiley and Sons, pp 1-7.
110
EFFECT OF DROUGHT STRESS ON GLEDITSIA TRIACANTHOS L.
AT EARLY STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT
Salima KEBBAS1,2* and Fatiha AID2
1
2
Département BPO, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Blida 1, Algeria
Equipe de Physiologie Végétale, LBPO, FSB, Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari
Boumediene (USTHB), Algeria
*
Key words: drought stress, Gleditsia triacanthos L., photosynthetic pigments, polyphenols,
proline, RWC
Introduction. Water is a key element for plant growth, especially in arid and semi arid areas.
Environmental stresses, particularly drought stress, are important factors limiting plant
growth, crop productivity and yield. The overall resistance of a plant to drought stress appears
to be the result of many morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular changes
which interact to allow the continued growth, development and production.
Honey locust or Carouge honey (Gleditsia triacanthos L.) is a dicotyledonous angiosperm
belonging to the family Fabaceae is known to be resistant to drought.
Aims. Evaluation of Gleditsia triacanthos L. abilities to resist to a drought stress at
biochemical level (relative water content, chlorophyll pigments, proline, total polyphenols,
flavonoids, anthocyanins) at early stages of development.
Materials and Methods. Gleditsia triacanthos L. seeds, were collected in Ouest of Algeria.
Gleditsia triacanthos L. seedlings were separated into two groups; the first daily watered
(control), the second undergoes a watering stop (Stress). Leaves are harvested at regular
intervals of time (4, 9, 13, 16 and 19 days). The relative water content (RWC) was measured
according to Clark and Mc Caig (1982) method. Proline determination was carried according
to Bates et al. (1973) method. Concentrations of chlorophylls and carotenoids, expressed as
mg. g-1 FM according to Lichtenthaler and Wellburn (1985). The determination of total
polyphenols was carried according to Singleton and Rossi (1965) method. The flavonoid
content was measured by Lamaison Carnat (1991) and Anthocyanins determination was
performed according Pietrini et al (2002) method.
Results. This preliminary study shows that RWC falls in the first days of stress to reach 60.5
% after 19 d of stress accompanied by a drop in chlorophyll pigments. However, stress plant
exhibit an accumulation of proline (159.53 ± 0.78 mg.g-1of DM) and an increase in the
carotenoids levels (5.08 ± 0.05 mg.g-1of DM) throughout the experiment. Total polyphenols
of control seedlings increase slightly with time; it goes from 98.27 ± 0.62 mg.g-1of DM the
4th d to 115.11 ± 0.77 mg.g-1of DM in the 19th d.
Conclusion. Gleditsia triacanthos L. is very rich in polyphenols compounds like flavonoids
and anthocyanins that show a particular increase in stress plants which means their
involvement in the mechanism of resistance to drought stress in general and in oxidative
stress in particular.
111
THE COMPOSITION OF BENTHIC VERNAL DIATOMS
COMMUNITIES ON THE LOWER COURSE OF BEGA RIVER
Anca-Andreea MARIN1*, Benoni LIXANDRU1, Milca PETROVICI2, Adrian
SINITEAN2, Florica MORARIU1, Dumitru POPESCU1
1
Department of Biotechnology, Banat University of Agricultural
Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I of Romania” from Timisoara,
2
Department of Chemistry-Biology, West University of Timişoara
*
Keywords. Bega Riwer water, diatoms, water quality
Introduction. Diatoms are present in almost all types of surface water, even in extreme
conditions. The main notions related to the water quality can be evaluated by chemical and
biochemical methods, but usually, also by analyzing the composition and structure of diatoms
communities expressed by diatoms index who is based on species indicator systems and
provides insight into the overall water quality.
Aims. This study intended to be a contribution to the identification of diatoms communities to
the lower course of Bega River and fit into the four segments of the lower course of the Bega
River on the water quality classes.
Materials and Methods. In April 2014, 20 quantitative planktonic samples were collected
from Bega River in Timisoara area. The planktonic samples were collected with planktonic
net and stored in 4 % formaldehyde (Lixandru, 2006, Marin et al., 2014, Péterfi & Sinitean,
2002, Petrovici, 2009). The collecting stations were located upstream and downstream of the
Timisoara city on Bega River course. The collecting stations (S) were located as follows: S1
is located upstream of Timisoara city, near Ghiroda village, upstream of potable water
treatment station, S2 is located upstream of sewage water treatment station of Timisoara, S3 is
located near Sânmihaiu Roman village from Timis County and downstream of sewage water
treatment station of Timisoara and S4 is located near Otelec village, before the border line
with Serbia Country.
Results. After processing the samples in the laboratory, it was identified fifty species of
diatoms.
Conclusion. In this study we demonstrated that the species indicator systems of diatoms due
to their tolerance to pollution conditions, a framing of the four collection station in Bega
River water into the water quality classes.
112
TESTING DIFFERENT CONVENTIONAL AND UNCONVENTIONAL
TREATMENT SOLUTIONS IN FIGHTH AGAINST ALTERARIOSIS IN
POTATO CROP FROM JUCU, CLUJ AREA
Cristian MĂLINAŞ, Ioan OROIAN*, Ioan BRAŞOVEAN, Andrei FLEŞERIU,
Constantin MIHAI-OROIAN
*
Keywords. Alternaria solani Sorauer, Redsec variety, attack degree
Introduction. Currently on the market there are many models for prediction of plant diseases
in order to supplement the efforts of manufacturers. Most models developed by
epidemiologists in agronomy emphasize short-term prediction models as they are useful to the
majority owners of farms involved in decision making.
Aims. The aim of this paper is to test different conventional and unconventional treatment
solutions in fight against alternariosis in potato crop from Jucu, Cluj area.
Materials and Methods. Study carried out on Jucu, Cluj area, and the biological material
used was represented by a native potato variety, respectively, Redsec. Conventional and
unconventional treatments were applied. Interpretation of results was done based on statistical
processing of data obtained by the most modern statistical methods that had access or
STATISTICA software v 7.0.
Results and Discussions: According to factorial analysis, humidity and temperature proved
to be the most important climatic factors involved in the manifestation of Alternaria solani
Sorauer, the fungus that produces alternariosis in potato. The experimental field located in
Jucu is characterized by the alternariosis attack equal to 17.28% in Redsec potato variety.
Conclusion. The attack degree of alternariosis in Redsec potato variety, highlighted various
graduations, depending on the type of fertilizer, within the given climatic conditions specific
to the studied area, located within the county Cluj.
113
IMPROVING ROMANIA’S GREEN COVER BY PLANTING FOREST
PROTECTION CURTAINS, IN THE CONTEXT OF CURENT
CLIMATE CHANGES
Camelia MĂNESCU*, Ada-Flavia CRISTINA, Teodor MATEOC, Camelia
GAVRILESCU, Nicoleta MATEOC-SÎRB
Department of Management and Rural Development, Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and
Veterinary Medicine „King Michael I of Romania” from Timisoara, Romania
*
Keywords. climate changes, forest protection curtains
Introduction. In Romania, the area covered by forest has decreased in the last period of time
(28%), is currently below the average of developed countries in the European Union (40%).
Meanwhile, a series of extreme weather phenomena have increased, representing the greatest
threat facing humanity and the environment.
Aims. In the current paper the authors analyze the distribution of Romania green cover on
geographical areas, trying to find solutions to minimize the existing imbalances.
Materials and Methods. The research methodology consisted in a thorough study of
bibliographical resources, carried out in several steps: information on sources, observation,
collection of data and information, analysis, and evaluation. The research is carried out as
postdoctoral studies, part of a project for human resources development at BUASVM from
Timisoara.
Results. Expanding forest areas should be a priority for ecological restoration because
Romania has low forest coverage areas.
Conclusion. Research shows that there is an unbalanced distribution of green coverage of
Romania in the current climate change, which requires the plantation of protective forest
curtains.
References
1. Ardelean, F., Colda, I., (2008), Cauzele schimbărilor climatice – un subiect
controversat [Climate change causes - a controversial topic], A XV-a Conferinţă
Confort, eficienţă, conservarea energiei şi protecţia mediului,Universitatea Tehnică de
Construcţii Bucureşti.
2. Săndulache, C., Săndulache, I., (2011), Hazarde şi riscuri naturale în România
[Natural hazards and risks in Romania], Editura universitară, Bucureşti.
3. Otiman, P. I. si colab., (2011), Alternativele economiei rurale a României: Dezvoltarea
agriculturii sau insecuritate alimentară şi deşertificare rurală severă, [Romanian rural
economy alternatives: Development of agriculture or rural food insecurity and severe
desertification], Editura Academiei Române, Bucureşti.
114
ALTERNATIVE APPROACHES FOR DESCRIBING SEMI URBAN
AREAS
Steven J. MEEUS1,2,* and Hubert GULINCK2
1
2
Odisee University College, Agro- and Biotechnology, Belgium
KU Leuven, Deparment of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Belgium
*
Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords. urban sprawl, semi-urban areas, urban landscapes, urban fringes
Introduction In many densely populated regions, a clear distinction between “urban” and
“rural” is not possible anymore: areas containing complex properties of urbanized areas as
well as the “open space” land use of land cover categories (agricultural and natural).
Determining and monitoring these hybrid and dynamic landscapes forms a major challenge.
Next to the classic sprawl and fringe approach, three other concepts are proposed and
discussed.
Materials and methods This publication is a summary of the state-of-the-art on concepts
proposed to describe and study those areas or landscapes not rural nor urban (Meeus &
Gulinck, 2008). The concepts were derived from various sources in literature, compared with
each other and some were subjected to debate in expert panels.
Results and conclusions One concept is that of the semi-urban area (SUA), in which specific
forms of land use or land cover, for example hybrid land uses such as garden complexes and
hobby- or other small scale agriculture (like horse keeping), in classic land use classification
generally the “rest” classes (K. Bomans, Dewaelheyns, & Gulinck, 2011). A second concept
is called the “basis open spaces approach” (Kirsten Bomans, Steenberghen, Dewaelheyns,
Leinfelder, & Gulinck, 2010). Sealed surfaces (generally road infrastructure mostly
surrounded by built-up areas) are seen as “boundaries” that include a basic open space.
Landscape ecological properties of these “islands” of not built-up space can measured. A
third approach is called the “interphase” approach. It starts from the principle that every form
of land use or land cover can be described as a phase between two or more distinct types of
land cover, different in space, time or complexity and thus forming an “interphase”.
Combinations are possible, and many cover types that are difficult to describe because of their
scale or complexity can be defined and may give better insights in the overall characteristics
of landscapes “in between” rural and urban.
References
1. Bomans, K., Dewaelheyns, V., & Gulinck, H. (2011). Pasture for horses: An
underestimated land use class in an urbanized and multifunctional area. International
Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning, 6, 195–211.
2. Bomans, K., Steenberghen, T., Dewaelheyns, V., Leinfelder, H., & Gulinck, H.
(2010). Underrated transformations in the open space-The case of an urbanized and
multifunctional area. Landscape and Urban Planning, 94, 196–205.
3. Meeus, S. J., & Gulinck, H. (2008). Semi-Urban Areas in Landscape Research: A
Review. Living Reviews in Landscape Research, 2, 3.
115
EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON THE RADON EXHALATION RATES
FROM PLASTERING MORTARS USING RADIM 3A-EMAN DEVICE
Lavinia-Elena MUNTEAN1*, Botond PAPP2,3, Constantin COSMA2,3, Daniela
MANEA4, Ioana TANASESCU1 and Dorin-Vasile MOLDOVAN5
1
Department of Technological Science – Animal Husbandry. University of Agricultural Science and
Veterinary Medicine, Romania.
2
Department of Environmental Analysis and Engineering. Babes-Bolyai University, Romania
3
Environmental Radioactivity and Nuclear Dating Centre. Babes-Bolyai University, Romania
4
Department of Civil Engineering and Management. Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
5
Department of Structures. Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
*
Keywords. Building materials, exhalation rate, mechanical strengths, mortars
Introduction. In the last years the radon exhalation properties of porous materials like soil
and rocks and man-made, like mining wastes and many building materials have been
investigated (El-Arabi et al., 2006). Exhalation rate of the radon is a very important issue that,
besides gamma radiation, contributes to the overall risk of the ionizing radiation originating in
building materials. The evaluation of the exhalation rate represents a complex process taking
into account the factors involved (temperature, air pressure, relative humidity, porosity, pore
distribution). Due to this feature, the majority of the standards that regulate the radioactivity
of building materials take into account a radon exhalation rate limited to Ra-226 content.
Aims. The main objective of this research is to quantify the radon exhalation rate, the
properties of strength and apparent density of some plastering mortar specimens for 1, 3, 7,
14, 28 and 60 days.
Materials and Methods. Radium 3A-Eman device was used to measure the exhalation rates.
During the experimental program, two types of plaster mortars were prepared.
Results. The resistance to compression found in the third day shows an increase of about
three times more as compared to the value found in the first casting day, while for the rest of
the determinations (7, 14, 28 and 60 days), the growth factor has an average value of 1.3 for
both mortars. The initial values determined in the fresh mortar samples were of 0.26 Bqkg-1h-1
for the CSIV (M100T) mortar, and of 0.18 Bqkg-1h-1 for the CSIII (M50T) mortar,
respectively. The values of exhalation rates range between 0.26 and 0.58 Bqkg-1h-1 for CSIV
mortar, respectively 0.18 and 0.51 Bqkg-1h-1 for CSIII mortar.
Conclusion. From the point of view of the resistance to compression, all the plastering
mortars under study correspond with the ranges found in existing standards. Because the
mortar resistances increase in time while the exhalation rates exhibit a random increase it is a
bit difficult to establish a correlation between these features.
References
1. El-Arabi A.M., Abbady A., Ahmed N.K., Michel R., El-Kamel A.H. and Abbady
A.G.E. (2006). Assessment of radon-222 concentrations and exhalation rates of rocks
and building materials. Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Physics. 44:287-291.
116
THE USE OF HONEY BEES TO ASSESS ATMOSPHERIC
PARTICULATE MATTER (PM) CONTAMINATION
Ilaria NEGRI1*, Christian MAVRIS2, Gennaro DI PRISCO3, Emilio CAPRIO3,
Marco PELLECCHIA1, Antonio DE CRISTOFARO4
1
Koiné – Environmental Consulting S.n.c., Parma, Italy
Department of Earth Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, U.K.
3
Dipartimento di Agraria. Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Portici, Italy
4
Dipartimento Agricoltura, Ambiente e Alimenti. Università degli Studi del Molise, Italy
*Corresponding author: e-mail: [email protected]
2
Keywords. Apis mellifera, biomonitoring, environmental pollution, PM
Introduction. During the last 40 years, bees have increasingly been employed to monitor
environmental pollution by heavy metals in territorial and urban surveys, pesticides in rural
areas and also radionuclide presence in the environment. As bioindicator, the bee hold several
important morphological, ecological and behavioral requisites, and man’s beekeeping assures
a potentially unlimited supply.
Aims. In the present work, we demonstrate that honey bees can also be used as active
samplers of airborne particulate matter.
Materials and Methods. Worker bees were collected from hives located in two different
areas in Italy: a) the polluted post-mining area of Iglesias, SW Sardinia (Italy), also exposed
to dust emissions from industrial plants, and b) the Regional Park of Matese, a protected
natural area in NE Campania (Italy). The head, wings, hind legs, and alimentary canal of the
bees were investigated. We then compared the mineral particles detected on the honey bees
with grains from the wind-available fraction of the soil, topsoils/exposed sediments of the
surroundings. Both types of samples were investigated with Scanning Electron Microscopy
coupled with X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX).
Results. The analyses pointed to specific morphological and chemical features of the
particulate, and resulted into the identification of two main categories of particles: industry
and soil –derived. With the exception of the gut, all the analyzed body districts displayed
inorganic particles, mostly concentrated in specific areas of the body. Noteworthy, the
number of particles present on the body of bees collected at the Regional Park of Matese is
quite small compared to bees collected in the polluted post-mining area in Sardinia.
Conclusion. We herewith demonstrate that this innovative technology can focus on the role
that honey bees have in collecting samples of airborne particles emitted from different
sources. The present research work represents a groundbreaking pilot study in the
employment of honey bees as environmental monitors, as they can be an ideal tool for
monitoring a wide range of pollutants, including airborne PM.
Acknowledgments: This work was made possible thanks to the contribution of: GAL
Consorzio Alto Casertano, Fondazione Luigi Terriaca ONLUS, and CoNaProA, who financed
a part of this research work within the framework of CARA TERRA project.
117
RISK ASSESSMENT OF CONVENTIONAL AND UNCONVENTIONAL
PHYTOSANITARY TREATMENTS AGAINST LATE BLIGHT IN
POTATO
Antonia ODAGIU, Ioan OROIAN*, Cristian MĂLINAŞ, Daniela BORDEA
*
Keywords. Phytophtora infestans Mont de Bary, Roclas, risk matrix
Introduction. The use of unconventional phytosanitary treatments against late blight, which
continues to be one of the most serious threats against potato cultures worldwide, receive
increased attention. It is mainly due to the environmental friendly interface of these products,
which it is believed that produces less harmful effects, compared to chemical products.
Aims. The aim of this paper is to obtain a risk matrix applied to conventional and
unconventional phytosanitary treatments against late blight, in order to compare both their
efficiency and effects upon environment.
used was represented by a native potato variety, respectively, Roclas. Conventional and
processing of data obtained using STATISTICA software v 7.0.
Results and Discussions: The risk matrix obtained in accordance with results of fighting
against Phytophtora infestans Mont de Bary within experimental field emphasize the most
appropriate technologies for both potato and environment health.
Conclusion. The risk assessment matrix allows us to highlight the opportunities opened by
using the unconventional phytosanitary treatments, but also their weaknesses.
118
NECESSITY, DESIRABILITY AND IMPORTANCE OF ECOLOGICAL
AGRICULTURE IN THE CONTEXT OF MEDICINAL PLANTS
CULTIVATION
Vasilica ONOFREI1, Gabriel-Ciprian TELIBAN1, Roxana-Alexandrina
CLINCIU-RADU1, Alexandra – Andreea Buburuz2, Teodor ROBU1
1
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iaşi, Romania
1
Agricultural Research – Development Station Secuieni – Neamt, Romania
*
Keywords. ecology, phytotherapy, organic farming, conversion to organic farming, medicinal
plants.
Introduction. In recent years, the ecological farming began to gain an increasingly higher
importance, due to the increase of areas cultivated in ecological system and of the number of
producers and consumers. By enriching the knowledge regarding the role of some
characteristics and indicators of biological cultivation techniques in boosting the yield and
quality of the production we can increase the chances to expand the cultivation areas of
medicinal and aromatic plants and the development of some technologies with improved
performance.
Aims. This paper aims at presenting in a concise manner the most important considerations
about organic farming in the context of medicinal plant cultivation.
Materials and Methods. By choosing as a basic research method the observation and the study
of literature, an overview on it will highlight the main aspects regarding the unconventional
farming systems, the history and the variants of the ecological farming concept, organic
agriculture trends worldwide and in Europe, the state of ecological agriculture in Romania,
OA's principles and perspectives of improving life quality by complying with them, the
requirements for the organization of an ecological farm, the conversion to an organic farming,
labelling of organic products, the quality and marketing of organic products.
Results and Discussions: Also, the paper will elaborate an analysis of the determinant
conditions of the promotion of ecological medicinal and aromatic plants production,
represented by the consumers’ perception, attractiveness and interest. The analysis will
require to carry out a sociological study that will involve the survey method, using, for this
purpose, questionnaires specific to socio – professional studies.
Knowing that the attitudes and tastes depend on a number of objective and subjective factors,
the questionnaire includes questions which emphasize the influence of these factors.
Consistent with the previous mention, the standard questionnaire comprises a number of 51
questions, 16 of them being related to the socio – professional group, age, sex, residence
(rural/urban), educational level, household income, marital status, number of family members
respectively, and 35 of them addressing the issue of attitudes and tastes.
Conclusion. The attitude towards organic production is revealed through questions related to the
opinion about medicinal plants from spontaneous or cultivated flora, and also to the consumption
preferences in the form of tea, infusions, natural products, cosmetics etc., packaging and
presentation style, etc. The main questions that define the tastes are related to herb consumption
rate (daily, weekly, etc.), the production of medicinal plants by individuals and/or farmers, plant
type (ecological culture or spontaneous flora, Romanian or from import) etc.
119
FIGHT AGAINST POTATO LATE BLIGHT – A BIOECONOMIC
APPROACH
Adriana OPINCARIU, Ioan OROIAN*, Antonia ODAGIU, Cristian MĂLINAŞ,
Cristian IEDERAN, Andrei FLEŞERIU
Department Environment and Plant Protection. Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural
Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
*
Keywords. Phytophtora infestans Mont de Bary, Roclas, attack degree
Introduction. Bioeconomy a relatively new approach of developmental issues concerning
agricultural processes. In this respect it involves the agriculture outputs regarded from the
point of view of economic benefits.
Aims. The aim of this paper is to emphasize issues connected to fight against potato late
blight from a new point of view, bioeconomic point of view, respectively.
used was represented by a native potato variety, respectively, Roclas. Conventional and
processing of data obtained by the most modern statistical methods that had access or
STATISTICA software v 7.0.
Results and Discussions: According to factorial analysis, humidity and temperature proved
to be the most important climatic factors involved in the manifestation of Phytophtora
infestans Mont de Bary, the fungus that produces alternariosis in potato. The experimental
field located in Jucu is characterized by the alternariosis attack equal to 18.58% in Roclas
potato variety.
Conclusion. The attack degree of alternariosis in Roclas potato variety, highlighted various
graduations, depending on the type of fertilizer, within the given climatic conditions specific
to the studied area, located within the county Cluj. The bioeconomic approach allows us to
highlight the strengths and weaknesses of approached phytosanitary treatments.
120
PINE FOREST PROTECTION IN PHYTOSANITARY LEGISLATION
Ioan OROIAN, Sînziana PAULIUC, Cristian IEDERAN*, Sorin POP
*
Keywords. law, questionnaire, regulations, methodology
Introduction. The issues concerning phytosanitary protection of forests generally speaking,
and pine forests, particularly are in attention of scientists, in the field, worldwide. For this
reason more concern is attribute to the regulations meant to rule the use of phytosanitary
products used for maintaining the health of pine forests, and methodology of their
administration.
Aims. In this paper we aim to emphasize the main challenges that pine forest protection must
face, and the way in which appropriate legislation may contribute to pine forest health.
Materials and Methods. The methodology developed in this study concerns the means of
sociological means, translated in bibliographical approach which involves the use of different
documents, law texts, textbooks, and also the questionnaire instrument.
Results and Discussions: As a result of our approach we highlight the most important issues
meant to contribute to better protection of pine tree forests through an appropriate
phytosanitary treatment, and also the most important issues concerning pine tree forests
maintaining focused by the actors involved in their maintaining.
Conclusion. The phytosanitary regulations play a decisive role in maintaining the health of
forests, generally speaking and of pine tree forests, in particularly. They supply a general
frame for appropriate treatments for suitable forest development.
121
RAISING THE LEVEL OF AWARENESS OF LOCAL COMMUNITIES
IN ELABORATING THE MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR NATURA 2000
ROSCI SOMESUL RECE SITE
Marian PROOROCU, Ioan OROIAN, Antonia ODAGIU,
Sînziana Ecaterina PAULIUC*, Andreea BÎLC
Keywords. awareness, questionnaires, protected areas, sustainable development, interested
factors
Introduction. By implementating the management-plan for the ROSCI0233 Someşul Rece
Site, it aims on one hand to preserve the habits and the species of community interes within
the site, as well as to preserve the sustainable development of the area. In order to implement
these objectives, it is necessary the involvement of the interested factors and collaboration
with the local communities.
Materials and Methods. Raising the level of information of local communities was achivied
on 14 meetings, 2 in each of Somesul Rece Site 7 villages: Valea Ierii, Caps, Cerc, Plopi,
Răcătău, Măguri and Muntele Rece. The meetings were submitted to informative materials in
the form of power-point presentations, leaflits and various posters, and after this presentation,
the audience had the opportunity to ask questions. Both at the beginning and at the end of the
activities of awareness a sociological investigation was made in order to determine the level
of knowledge. A hundred questionnaires were applied to people randomly selected within the
local population, in Octomber 2013, at the beginning of the awareness meetings, and in June
2015, at the end of all the meetings.
Results. Following the meetings, two major informations were identified: on one hand, the
lack of knowledge related to the protected areas, and on the other hand, people fear in terms
of the existence of Natura 2000 protected areas in their zone. Analyzing the 2013 and 2015
questionnaires, we could observe the raising of awareness within the local communities on
all the important aspects concerning the elaboration of Somesul Rece management plan:
genaral informations about the site, benefits of the site, source of information on Natura 2000
Network etc.
Conclusions. Raising the level of information of local communities within Nataura 2000
Somesul Rece Site was achived, helping also in elaborating the management plan of the area,
even if the two important villages had a different view for the importance of the area: the
inhabits within Valea Ierii were interested of the benefits of the area, but the inhabits within
Maguri Racatau were not pleased at all of the fact that they are living in or near a protected
site.
References:
1. Sustenable development of Natura 2000 Somesul Rece Site – Grant Application
2. Research Report concerning the nevel of awareness of local communities about
Somesul Rece Area
Acknowledgment to Sustainanable development of Natura 2000 Somesul Rece Site Project –
POS Mediu 2007-2013
122
ESTIMATION OF EFFICIENCY OF BIO- AND PHYTOREMEDIATION
FOR PESTICIDES CONTAMINATED SOIL
Inna RASTIMESINA1, SVETLANA TOLOCICHINA1, Olga POSTOLACHI1 ⃰,
Angela CINCILEI2, Nina STREAPAN1, Vera MAMALIGA1
1
2
Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of Moldova
The State Center for Certification and Registration of Phyto-sanitary Means and Fertilizers,
Ministry of Agriculture
Keywords. bioremediation, DDT, pesticides, phytoremediation, trifluralin
Introduction. Natural recovery of environmental pollution – natural attenuation, – is a longterm process. Development of a bioremediation technology for polluted soil is a multi-step
process, which requires the integrated application of several methods: stimulation of the
indigenous microflora in the contaminated site, and addition of microorganism-destructors to
the soil (Phillips et al., 2005). Recently at the final stages of soil remediation the method of
phytoremediation is actively used (Pilon-Smits, 2005).
Aims. To estimate the efficiency of bioremediation of pesticides contaminated soil, using
stimulation of anaerobic or facultative anaerobic microflora and phytoremediation applied
afterwards.
Materials and Methods. The soil was collected nearby the former destroyed storehouse of
POPs. Pesticide residues in soil were evaluated using GC/MS multiresidue method, and the
complex pollution of DDTs and trifluralin was found. With a view to remediate this complex
contamination, the polluted soil was treated in combined aerobic and anaerobic conditions
during 3.5 months, then the method of phytoremediation was used.
Results. The trifluralin content was reduced to 4-6% of the initial amount in all experimental
variants as a result of bioremediation in anaerobic/aerobic conditions. Phytoremediation had
not significant effect on trifluralin decomposition - only 2-3%. Before phytoremediation DDT
was decomposed on 27.5-29.0%. After the phytoremediation, the degradation of pesticide
amounted 56.3-72.5%.
Conclusion. This study showed that in the case of complex pollution, phytoremediation, as a
method of supplementary remediation, was important for the decomposition of DDT and
DDE, and it was not essential for the mineralization of DDD and trifluralin.
References:
1. Phillips T.M., Seech A.G., Lee H. and Trevors J.T. (2005) Biodegradation of
hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) by microorganisms. Biodegradation 16: 363-392.
2. Pilon-Smits E.A.H. (2005) Phytoremediation. Annu Rev Plant Biol. 56: 15-39.
123
THE CONSERVATION STATUS OF GRASSLAND HABITATS
IDENTIFIED IN SEVERAL PROTECTED AREAS FROM OLTENIA
NATURA 2000 SITE
Daniel RĂDUŢOIU
Department of Biology and Environmental Protection
*
Keywords. conservation status, grasslands habitats.
Introduction. The issue of rare plants and grassland habitats in the south of Oltenia is far
from being solved, although it is very stringent.
The grassland surfaces from the protected areas that are being studied (ROSCI0202
Silvostepa Olteniei and ROSCI0039 Ciuperceni - Desa),areas belonging to the list of sites of
communitary interest of the Natura 2000 site, are situated in the perimeter of several
settlements in Dolj County (Ciupercenii Noi, Desa, Radovan, Perişor, Mărăcinele, Tencănău,
Castrele Traiane, Verbicioara and Carpen).
Florist and vegetation studies regarding the areas occupied by these habitats can be found in
few specialized works (Buia Al., 1959; Cârţu D., 1968; Ionescu, 1971; Popescu Gh. et al.
2003, Ciocârlan V. 2000, 2009; Dihoru & Negrean, 2009).From the florist and vegetation
analysis of the two sites a large phytodiversity can be observed.
Materials and Methods. The material used in the elaboration of this work consisted in
specialized botanical collections, on the one hand and in the analysis of the data obtained as a
result of inspecting the areas being studied, starting with 2012 up to the present. For the study
of these grassland habitats numerous ground surveys have been undertaken in the
representative areas.
Results. In the two Natura 2000 sites where the studies have been done, five types of habitats
have been identified: 62C0* Ponto-Sarmatic steppes, 6260* Pannonic sand steppes, 6440
Alluvial meadows of river valleys of the Cnidion dubii, 6510 Lowland hay meadows
(Alopecurus pratensis, Sanguisorba officinalis) and 1530* Pannonic salt-steppes and saltmarshes.
Conclusion.The grasslands belonging to the five habitats have a variable conservation status.
Around 5% have a very good conservation status, , 45% have a good conservation status,
35% an average status and 15% a bad one.
References
1. Negrean G. (2001). Lista roşie a plantelor din România existente în pajişti, inclusiv
endemite şi subendemite (Tracheophyta). In: Sȃrbu, A., (ed.), 2001, Ghid pentru
identificarea şi inventarierea pajiştilor seminaturale din România, Ed.alo Bucureşti!,
Bucureşti: 30-58.
2. Doniţă, N., Popescu, A., Paucă-Comănescu, M., Mihăilescu, S., Biriş I.-A. 2005.
Habitate din România, Edit. Tehnică Silvică Bucureşti.
3. ***Habitats Directive 92/43/EEC – Concil Directive 92/43/EEC on the conservation
of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora (OJ L 206, 22.7.92).
124
LANDSCAPE DETERMINANTS OF FINE-SCALE GENETIC
STRUCTURE OF A SMALL PEST RODENT IN A HETEROGENEOUS
LANDSCAPE FROM SOUTH AFRICA
Isa-Rita M. RUSSO1, Catherine L. SOLE2, Mario BARBATO1, Ullrich VON
BRAMANN3 and Michael W. BRUFORD1
1
Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, United Kingdom
Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, South Africa
3
Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Geosysteme und Bioindikation, Germany
*
2
Keywords. landscape genetics, pest management, small mammals, slope aspect, southern
hemisphere
Introduction. Small mammals provide important ecosystem services acting for example, as
pollinators and seed dispersers. In addition, small mammals are also disease reservoirs that
can be detrimental to human health and they can also act as crop pests. It is therefore
important that knowledge of their dispersal preferences is useful for population management
and landscape planning.
Aims. Genetic data were used alongside high-resolution landscape data to examine the
influence of the landscape on the demographic connectedness of M. natalensis and to identify
landscape characteristics that influence the genetic structure of this species across a spatially
and temporally varying environment.
Materials and Methods. We evaluated the correlation between gene flow and landscape
variables of 101 sampling transects using 10 microsatellite markers. We used partial Mantel
tests in a causal modelling framework based on relative support (RS), reciprocal causal
modelling and multiple matrix regression (MRM).
Results. Patterns of spatial genetic structure were consistent with a combination of rare longand common short-distance (leptokurtic) dispersal. The most significant landscape features
shaping gene flow were slope aspect, vegetation cover, topographic complexity (TC) and
rivers, with western facing slopes, topographic complexity and land cover (water bodies)
restricting gene flow. In general, vegetation, because it provides cover, was correlated with
increased gene flow.
Conclusion. Identifying features of the landscape that facilitate movement/dispersal in M.
natalensis potentially has application for other small mammals in similar ecosystems and as
the primary reservoir host of the zoonotic Lassa virus may have implications in determining
areas of high disease risk to humans. The identification of these landscape features is also
important in crop management due to damage by rodent pests.
125
THE AGRICULTURAL VALORISATION OF MUDDY WASTE FROM
PURGE WATER
Marius SABĂU
Department of Economics. University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
*
Keywords. agriculture,sewage, sludge
Introduction. In Romania in the following years the quantities of purge water will increase
following the developing of sewage systems including urban and rural areas. So the quantity
materials resulted from purged water will increase thus creating another problem, the
valorisation of organic matters in agriculture.
Aims. Taking into account the supplied data of the Romanian Institute of Statistics we try to
assess the main modalities of mud valorisation in Romania and to illustrate the degree the
environment policies are accomplished.
Materials and Methods. The data were gathered from those collected by the National
Institute of Statistics from Romania and other sources and statistical methods of processing
data were used. Following the 91/271/CEE directive, the Romanian government adopted it
entirely through the decision HG 188/2002 modified by HG 352/2005 concerning the
management of waste water and their drainage in the environment, in order to avoid pollution
and negative effects related to water drainage from certain industrial sectors. For the horizon
of 2020 programs, this percentage of agricultural utilisation of sludge waste, should be rise to
at least 50% from the entire sludge quantity as stipulated in HG 349/2005 Art 6. The
Romanian legislation is quite restrictive, due to the risk contamination especially related to
heavy metals.
Results. In the years of 2011-2012 only about 25% of sludge collected waste was processed
in such a way that it could be used in agriculture. No data are available after this period. In
order to reach the 50% target some solutions were identified: use in agriculture, energetic
culture and rehabilitation of spoiled terrains. Not only the percentage should double, but the
collected sewage quantities will increase.
Conclusion. In order to develop the cleaning of residual waters both domestic and industrial,
many investments should be made in building new cleaning station and develop the existing
stations.
For these a financial plan should be developed in order to obtain a good costs/benefits ratio.
- A quality management plan should be developed and implemented during the
activities in order to accomplish the results
- The needed investment funds should be available for the future
References:
1. Neamt I,.Ionel I.,Vlaicu I (2013)Valorificarea energetică a nămolului în staţiile
municipal de epurare din România Buletinil AGIR supliment p 34-37
2. www.insse.ro National Institute of Statistics Romania
126
STUDY ON THE EFFICIENCY OF SEPARATING IMPURITIES FROM
WASTE WATER BY MEANS OF SERIES MOUNTED TANGENTIAL
FILTERS
Daniela ZÂRNOIANU, Simion POPESCU
Faculty of Food and Tourism, Transilvania University of Brasov, Romania
Keywords. waste water, impurities concentration; tangential filters, filtering efficiency
Introduction. In tangential filtering the fluid flows of waste water parallel to the permeable
medium of the filter thus sweeping the filter surface (.Robescu et al (2011). This process
prevents the forming of a layer of impurities over the filter surface thus avoiding clogging of
the filter (Techobanoglous et al. 2003). The structure of the permeable medium is regenerated
by counter-current flushing (reverse filtering).
Aims. Establishing the optimum moment for filter flu
shing by reverse filtering initiation based on measuring the pressure differences between filter
inputs and outputs of filter elements.
Materials and Methods. Experimental study of filter behaviour on a pilot installation
consisting of two series connected tangential filters of 475 µm and 80 µm fineness,
respectively. Waste water is introduced into the system, with a concentration of about 4,000
mg/litre mechanical suspension. Upon a certain operation time (between 0 and 60 min) the
pressures at the filter inputs and outputs are measured and water samples are collected for
establishing suspension concentrations.
Results. The pressures at the input of the first filter and the output of both filters increase
with the duration of filter operation.
Conclusions. The values of the pressure differences between filter inputs and outputs depend
on the degree of filter element clogging. The first filter retains about 95% of the suspensions
in the waste water. Due to the deployment of series mounted filters the concentration of the
suspensions in the waste water could be reduced from its initial value (of about 400 mg/l) to
200 mg/l. Further, the analysed filtering system is functional and does not clog.
References
1. 1.. Robescu, Diana et al (2011) Tehnici de epurare a apelor uzate, Editura Tehnica,
Bucuresti,,
2. Techobanoglous, G., Burton, F.L. and Stensel, H.D.( 2003) Wastewater Engineering.
(4th Edition ed.). McGraw-Hill Book Company,.
127
Section 3: Food Science and Technology
TYPES OF LINKAGES OF DIFFERENT CATIONS IN GRAPEVINE
BERRIES OF SOME IMPORTANT VARIETIES OF VITIS VINIFERA
USED FOR WINEMAKING
Klaus SCHALLER* and Ruth LEHNART
Department of Applied Biology, Geisenheim University, Germany
*
Keywords. berry composition, minerals, speciation, varieties, Vitis vinifera
Introduction. Fruit crops are important sources for mineral nutrients (MN) as well as
vitamins and other compounds used for direct human consumption and also processed
products, like wine. In the latter case especially cations are responsible for the wines’ buffer
systems, mouth-feeling and “minerality”. Normally MN in berries are considered in
textbooks of wine chemistry in a more cursory manner, i.e. total content and with no reference
to varieties and also the type of linkage in the tissue (Blouin and Giumberteau, 2000;
Ribereau-Gayon et al., 1975). Contents of MN are given as a specific range and it is assumed
that the complete amounts are in available forms.
Aims. Taking into account this oversimplified model we studied the linkages of the most
common cations in plant material: K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn and Zn. Applying the findings of
common plant nutrition and nutrient uptake to berry tissue, we wanted to get more
information about the types of linkages in berry tissue.
Materials and Methods. Berries (without seeds) of Riesling, Silvaner, Mueller-Thurgau,
Ehrenfelser, and Reichensteiner were homogenized and subsequently extracted with aqua
dest., 1 n NaCl-solution, 2% CH3COOH and 5% HCl. In all 4 extracts cations were
determined. Results were analyszed by ONE-WAY and TWO-WAY ANOVA.
Results. The solubility of the different cations in the various solutes is absolutely striking: K
in H2O; Ca in NaCl and CH3COOH; Mg with no specific preference; Fe, Zn and Mn in HCl.
Remarkably, that total K in all tested varieties differ significantly and also the amounts
soluble in H2O. Similar is true for total Ca and its main fractions NaCl and CH3COOH
solubility. Minor elements Fe, Mn and Zn are only soluble in HCl. A 2-WAY ANOVA with
subsequent determination of components of variance revealed that the type of solute and the
variety are highly significant on the type of linkage of the different mineral nutrients.
Conclusion. In the present research work, we demonstrated that varieties differ in their MN
content in berry tissue have different solubility and hence a differing extractability. This may
influence the final wine quality and should be taken into account during the winemaking
process.
References
1. Blouin J. and Guimberteau G. (2000). Maturation et Maturité des Raisins. Editions
Féret. Bordeaux
2. Ribereau-Gayon, J., Peynaud E., Ribereau-Gayon, P. et Sudraud, P. (1975). Traité
d’Oenologie. Science et Technique du Vin. Tome 2. Dunod Paris
128
HUMAN MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES
Dietmar HALTRICH*
Food Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Technology, BOKU University of
Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna
*
Keywords. human milk oligosaccharides, bifidogenic effect, infant nutrition.
Introduction. Human milk is special since it is the only food an infant may take in during the first
months of its life, and it contains all the essential nutrients needed by the infant to develop and
grow. Moreover, it contains ingredients that go beyond traditional nutrients in that they provide
certain health benefits to the infant. Human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) are prominent among
these functional components of human milk. Mature human milk contains approximately 7–12
g/L of free oligosaccharides in addition to lactose, which typically is present in concentrations of
55–70 g/L. Currently, up to 200 unique oligosaccharide structures varying from 3 to 22 sugar
units have been identified in human milk. The composition and content of oligosaccharides from
different mothers can vary significantly, with milk from randomly selected mothers containing
between 23 to 130 different oligosaccharides. HMO are composed of the five monosaccharide
building blocks D-glucose, D-galactose, N-acetylglucosamine, L-fucose and sialic acid (Nacetylneuraminic acid), and they can be grouped into neutral and charged oligosaccharides, the
latter being sialylated and comprising approximately 20% of all HMO.
There is strong evidence that this complex mixture of HMO shows different beneficial effects for
the breast-fed infant. Certain HMO show an anti-adhesive effect, i.e., they prevent binding of
potentially pathogenic microorganisms to oligosaccharides on the epithelial cell surface via
specific glycan-binding proteins. This binding is essential for colonisation and infection. In
addition, HMO selectively support growth and activity of desired bacteria in the infant intestine,
thus they have a prebiotic or bifidogenic effect since bifidobacteria, mainly Bifidobacterium
longum biovar infantis, B. Longum biovar longum, B. breve and B. bifidum, dominate in the gut of
breast-fed infants1.
HMO are complex mixtures and hard to produce. Chemical synthesis, often in combination with
enzymatic methods, have been described for a number of HMO structures of their building blocks,
yet these methods are tedious. The most promising approach towards the production of defined
HMO structures seems to be microbial, fermentative methods employing single, appropriately
engineered microorganisms. Some structurally related compounds can also be accessed through
other approaches. One such approach is based on β-galactosidase-catalysed transglycosylation
with lactose as donor (thus transferring galactose onto suitable acceptors) and GlcNAc as
acceptor, thereby obtaining N-acetyl-lactosamine and its regioisomers as products, which
resemble the core structures of HMO.
Conclusion. Use of HMO in infant nutrition is of interest, and their effect is mimicked by the
incorporation of prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides together with fructo-oligosaccharides in
formula to achieve a bifidogenic effect and to imply a “breast-fed-like” flora2.
References
1. Nguyen T.H. and Haltrich D. (2013). Microbial production of prebiotic oligosaccharides.
Microbial Production of Food Ingredients, Enzymes and Nutraceuticals (Eds. B. McNeil,
D. Archer, I. Giavasis, L. Harvey), Woodhead Publishing, pp.494–530.
2. Intanon M., Arreola S.L., Pham N.H., Kneifel W., Haltrich D., Nguyen T.H. (2014).
Nature and biosynthesis of galacto-oligosaccharides related to oligosaccharides in human
breast milk. FEMS MicrobiolLett. 353, 89-97.
129
ENZYME AND ANTIBODY ENGINEERING FOR AGRICULTURAL
APPLICATIONS
Montarop YAMABHAI*
Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory (MY Lab – SUT), School of Biotechnology, Institute of
Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology
111 University Avenue, Meung, NakhonRatchasima, 30000, Thailand.
*
Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]
Keywords. E.coli, recombinant enzymes, bioconversion, waste.
Introduction. E. coli expression system has been used to express various recombinant
enzymes and antibodies suitable for different biotechnological applications related to
agriculture. These include the production of recombinant enzymes suitable for the
bioconversion of cheap agricultural wastes into prebiotic oligosaccharides, i.e., mannooligosaccharides (MOS), chito-oligosaccharides (COS), and galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS).
In addition to E. coli expression systems, food-grade expression systems based on Lactic acid
bacteria are being developed for the productions of these enzymes, which will be used for
industrial production of value-added agricultural products that have health-promoting benefits
in the next step. As for the production of recombinant antibodies, phage display antibody
technology is being used to produce single chain variable fragment (scFv) antibodies against
various targets such as mycotoxins, plant beneficial and pathogenic bacteria, rabies, dengue,
and plant pathogenic virus, as well as acute amyloid leukemia (AML) cells. Libraries of scFv
antibodies on the bacteriophage M13 minor coat protein (pIII) were constructed from B-cells
obtained from peripheral blood, spleen, or hybridoma. Selection of specific antibodies against
various targets were done by affinity selection or biopanning method. Various antibody
engineering technique are being performed to produce recombinant antibodies that will be
suitable for bio-imaging, diagnostic, as well as therapeutic purposes.
130
SCALE UP PROCEDURE FOR FERMENTATION AND DOWN
STREAM PROCESSING OF PROBIOTIC STRAINS: A CHALLENGE
FOR THE INDUSTRY
Philippe THONART1, J. DESTAIN1, A. LEJEUNE1, F.WEEKERS2, P. ANTOINE3, T.
El MEJDOUB4, S. ZGOULLI5, F. DELVIGNE1
1
CWBI; Université de Liège, Gembloux AgroBiotech, Passage des déportés, 2 B-5030 Gembloux
2
Artechno SA, Rue Herman Meganck, 21 B-5032 Les Isnes - Belgium
3
THT SA, Rue Camille Hubert, 5031 Les Isnes - Belgium
4
FPP SA, Rue Camille Hubert, 17 B-5032 Les Isnes - Belgium
5
Microbelcaps, boulevard du Rectorat, 29 B-4000 Liège - Belgium
Keywords. Scale-down reactors, two-compartment bioreactor, exopolysaccharide.
Introduction. For many years, we have carried out investigations on the potentialities of microorganisms
i.e. bacteria (especially lactic bacteria), fungi and yeast. Thanks to the multidisciplinary expertise of the
research institute, we have acquired know-how in pharmaceutics, fermentation and environmental domains
of biotechnology. Theoretical and fundamental investigations as well as applied research programmes have
been designed and implemented for the selection and study of biochemistry of microorganisms as well as
for the production, purification, drying and encapsulation of biomass, metabolites or bio-products. Our
strategy could be summarized in a slogan “From the cells to the end Products”. Selection of
microorganisms, improvement of fermentation and downstream processes are studied at fundamental and
applied level to bring new innovative products to the market. The selection of the microorganism (e.g.
lactic acid bacteria, LAB) is very important to have a good balance between physiological and
technological properties. A case study with Lactobacillus acidophilus and helveticus with probiotic traits is
presented. Strains were isolated from Algerian healthy children faeces to utilize them for the treatment of
children diarrheal illnesses. One hundred and twenty (120) LAB isolates were selected from fecal samples
of healthy Algerian children aged between five and ten. Gram positive rods and catalase negative bacteria
(52 isolates) were screened, in vitro, for their probiotic potential properties including ability to survive in
simulated gastro-intestinal conditions, adherence to Caco-2 cells and their antimicrobial activity. The
production process in bioreactors and the scale up of fermentation procedure were studied. Biochemical
engineering fundamental approach was used to study the industrial production process. Microbial
phenotypic heterogeneity impact on the scale up procedure was described thanks to scale–down reactors.
Scale-down reactors (SDR) permit to reproduce the hydrodynamic conditions of large scale reactors at
laboratory scale. These model reactors are made up of two parts. A stirred vessel is connected to a piston
reactor by a recirculation pump. In large scale bioreactors, heterogeneity zones in glucose concentration
appear, induced by limited efficiency of mixing. Microorganisms have to adapt their metabolism to these
extracellular fluctuations in glucose concentration, pH, temperature or oxygen concentration. The scale-up
effect is then observed: biomass yield drop, modification of the cells physiology or production of
metabolites. Moreover the fermentation conditions influence the yield of freeze-drying (survival rate).
Exposure of LAB cells to sub-lethal stresses is known to increase cell robustness. A two-compartment
bioreactor in which microbial cells were stochastically exposed to sub-lethal temperature stresses was used
in order to investigate the response of the stress sensitive Bifidobacterium bifidum THT 0101 to
downstream processing operations. A stochastic model validated by residence time distribution
experiments showed that in the heat-shock configuration, a two-compartment bioreactor (TCB) allowed
exposure of microbial cells to sub-lethal temperature of 42°C for a period of 100 to 300 seconds. This
exposure resulted in a significant increase in cell resistance to freeze-drying by comparison with cells
cultivated in conventional bioreactors or in the TCB in the cold shock mode (CS-TCB). The mechanism
behind this robustness seems to be related to the appearance of exopolysaccharide (EPS) at the surface of
the cells, as assessed by the change of the zeta potential and the presence of higher EPS concentration after
heat shock. A heat shock technique before conditioning Bifidobacteria could be directly implemented in
bioreactor during the stationary phase and before cell harvest and freeze-drying.
131
THE INFLUENCE OF YEAST BIODIVERSITY AND GRAPE
PROCESSING ON SPONTANEOUS FERMENTATIONS
Christian von WALLBRUNN1* and Daniel GERHARDS1
1
Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Hochschule Geisenheim University, Germany
*
Keywords. yeast,
spectroscopy
biodiversity,
spontaneous
fermentation,
identification
by
FTIR
Introduction.Wild yeasts have an important impact on the quality of spontaneous
fermentations of musts with regard to positive or negative aroma. However, scientific findings
are largely missing on the correlation of grape processing procedures, the development of
biodiversity of yeasts in vineyards and winery and their effects on spontaneous fermentations
and resulting wines.
Aims. The aim of the presented projects sponsored by the AiF/FEI was to investigate the
influence of yeast biodiversity and grape processings on spontaneous fermentations. How are
the resulting “Riesling” and “Spätburgunder” wines influenced?
Materials and Methods. To check the influence of yeast populations and grape processings
of “Riesling” and “Spätburgunder” grapes, material from several vineyards and different
processing strategies would be compared. Effects on yeast populations and aromas would be
analysed. Sample material was taken at different times from the vineyards, during processing,
from the fermentations and the resulting wines to analyse yeast populations and typical
compounds. For each sampling point 100 randomly isolated yeasts were identified by FTIR
spectroscopy. Chemical analyses of the different (aroma) compounds were done by FTIR,
HPLC, enzymatic measurements, and GCMS. All produced wines were tasted and sensorial
described by a tasting panel.
Results. All collected data are used to correlate the different vineyards and grape processings
to the occurring yeast populations and the aroma of the spontaneous fermented wines. There
is strong evidence, that yeasts originating from grapes have a smaller influence on the
biodiversity of alcoholic fermentations as yeasts derived from the cellar equipment. Hygienic
procedures in the wine cellars are indispensable for the production of high quality wines.
Conclusion. The results lead to a more objective consideration of spontaneous fermentations
and allow statements on the influence of processing factors on the yeast diversity and thereof
resulting impact on wine quality.
Aknowledgements: „Parts of this research project were supported by the German Ministry
of Economics and Technology (via AiF) and the FEI (Forschungskreis der
Ernährungsindustriee.V., Bonn). Project AiF 17180 N“.
132
STUDY OF ALGAL COMMUNITIES FROM WATER INTAKE
GURGHIU
Elena-Suzana BIRIȘ-DORHOI1, Laura MOMEU2, Maria TOFANĂ1*, Sonia A.
SOCACI1, Anca FARCAȘ1, Melinda NAGY1, Cosmina Maria BOGĂTEAN1
1
Department of Food Science and Technology. University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
2
Department of Taxonomy and Ecology. University of Biology and Geology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Keywords. water intake, algae, benthic, planktonic, quality
Introduction. Algae are used as bioindicators for water quality because they have short life
cycles and they respond in a very short time to changes in the environment. Diatoms
(Baccilariophyceae) are a group of unicellular algae, single or colonial, their cell being
surrounded by siliceous frustule, made of hydrated silicon dioxide, whose morphologic and
structural characteristics are the base for identifying the taxons. Each frustule is formed by
epi- and hipovalve and the connectivity ring attached to the valve margins.
Aims. The main objective of this study was to assess the qualitative composition of the algal
communities from Water Intake Gurghiu and assess the water quality using algae as
indicators.
Materials and Methods. First step included sampling benthic and planktonic algae, seeing
how the water turn-over is less than 1 day. Samples were taken in 3 seasons: spring, summer
and autumn in 2013. Second step included collecting the physical-chemical data with Ysi 650
MDS equipped with multiparameter sonde 6920 V2. The physical-chemical parameters
analysed were pH, NH4+ , NH3, NO3- , ODO% (dissolved Oxygen), water temperature,
conductivity, salinity and voltage. For evaluating water quality were used phytoplanktonic
indices: Heinonen and Euglenophyceae.
Results and Discussion: This research revealed the presence of a seasonal dynamics of algal
communities. Taking into account saprobity level, species that indicate a water of good and
very good quality are dominant. Evaluating the trophic state, the conclusion is that most
species are indifferent. These were followed by species that indicate a water of good quality.
Conclusions. Physical-chemical parameters suggest the water is of a good and very good
quality, based on STAS 4706-88. Water from this intake is redirected to the water plant and
after treatments it is distributed to citizens from Reghin.
133
SENSORY ANALYSIS OF A NEW GENERATION OF PROBIOTIC
DRINKS WITH FUNCTIONAL GASTROINTESTINAL HEALTH
IMPACT
Andrei BORȘA1*, Sevastița MUSTE1, Dan Cristian VODNAR2, Liana-Claudia
SALANŢĂ2 and Lucian CUIBUS2
1
Department of Food Engineering, 2Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and
Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Manastur
Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Corresponding author: e-mail: [email protected]
Keywords. probiotic drink, health impact, sensory analysis
Introduction. The project called "A new generation of probiotic drinks with functional
gastrointestinal health impact" started in July 2014. The purpose of the project in partnership
was to obtain a drink that consists in scraps of food, especially fruit and vegetable peels.
There has been much emphasis on them, because usually they are thrown away. They contain
fructose, sugar or certain compounds that have probiotic potential, with a benefic role
especially in humans with irritable bowel syndrome.
Aims. Tests were made to establish the ingredients for a probiotic drink prototype, wich
required further on sensory analysis in order to create a new product with market
merchantability. The sensory characteristics and chemical composition are key parameters
with huge impact in the quality and potential success of new products.
Materials and Methods. Given the multitude of fruits and vegetables available in Romania,
characterization of compounds in the most common residues in the food industry were made.
The fruits and vegetables peels with the best probiotic role were selected and tested in
different percentages in order to obtain the first prototype of the probiotic drink.
Due to the fact that the husks of fruits and vegetables have high dry matter content, water had
to be added and tested in different percentages until the prototype had a certain fluidity that
could allow it to be industrially produced in the future.
Multiple physicosensorial analyses (smell, taste, sight, texture) were conducted on the various
combinations of peels and water, in order to characterize, evaluate and improve the new
product.
Results. After numerous tests and analyses made, the exact ratio of peels from apples, sugar
beets, grapes, oranges and water were established in order to produce the new probiotic drink
accordind to the desired specifications.
Conclusion. In the present research were disseminated the results obtained during the recipe
testing and sensory analysis of the new generation of probiotic drinks with functional
gastrointestinal health impact. Then given the tests in microencapsulation of probiotics, a
possible way of packaging and marketing was sugested. The probiotic drink has been sent for
chemical analysis further on.
Acknowledgement. This article is a result of the research founded through Project PN-IIPT-PCCA-2013-4-0743, 2014 to 2016 “A new generation of probiotic drinks with functional
gastrointestinal health impacts”. Financer UEFISCDI.
134
DESIGNING OF THE INNOVATIVE TRAINING MATERIALS IN
FOOD SCIENCE EDUCATION
Lavinia BURULEANU1*, Laura Monica GORGHIU2, Gabriel GORGHIU3 and
Carmen Leane NICOLESCU1
1
2
Department of Food Engineering. Valahia University of Targoviste, Romania.
Department of Sciences and Advanced Technologies. Valahia University of Targoviste, Romania.
1
Teacher Training Department. Valahia University of Targoviste, Romania.
*
Keywords. Food Science Education, innovative methods of teaching and learning, training
materials
Introduction. The alarming incidence of the diet-related diseases and food borne diseases is a
major challenge nowadays, being obvious that the problem is rooted in the early childhood
education. In this context, in the frame of the Erasmus + project entitled Let’s make it better!
Raising the awareness of the triad nutrition-health-food safety in school education were
carried out activities focused on the enhancing of the relevance of the training process.
Aims. To provide to teachers training materials in Food Science Education
Materials and Methods. The designing of the ready-to-implement materials taken into
account the following aspects: flexibility for application in courses of various grade levels;
flexibility in applying various techniques related to various learning styles; an extensive
coverage of the topic of Food Science in correlation with the human health and wellbeing;
possibility to incorporate a practical component of each theme; materials sustainability linked
to the future students generations; widely application at the regional, national and
international level.
Results. The content of the training materials was focused on different aspects related to
nutrition, health and food safety, as follows: the basic composition of foods, the role of
nutrients in the human body and their influence on the health, the biological active
compounds of food and their implication in health, the chemical and biological risks in food
consumption, the food labelling, health logos, etc.
Conclusion. The training materials were designed so as to improve the mastery of the basic
life sciences by students, starting from the pre-primary until upper secondary level, by
promoting the innovative methods like experience-based learning methods, problem-based
learning methods, content analysis, case methods etc., in order to better integrate of theory
and practice.
Acknowledgement. This work was funded through the Erasmus + Project no. 2014-1-RO01KA200-002931, Key Action 2, Strategic Partnerships.
135
TRACEABILITY OF FUNCTIONAL BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS IN
FRESH AND PASTEURIZED MILK, OBTAINED FROM SHEEPS FED
WITH ORANGE PULP
Maria Simona CHIS1, Sevastita MUSTE1*, María Del Mar CAMACHO VIDAL2
1
Department of Food Ingineering, University of Agriculture Science and Medicine Veterinary, ClujNapoca, Romania
2
Department ofFood Research and Innovation Group, Polytechnic University of Valencia, Spain
*
Keywords. functional bioactive compounds, goat milk, orange pulp.
Introduction. The goats were fed with a standard diet control and then with a diet that
incorporates orange pulp. The control diet corresponded with a standard ration, daily food for
milking animals. From that ration, the Departament of Animal Science replaced the different
proportions of the ingredients in order to incorporate the orange pulp in the diet.
Aims. The first aim of this study was to compare the two types of goat diets: a standard diet
and a diet with orange pulp, by analyzing the functional bioactive compounds in fresh and
pasteurized milk. The second objective of was to analyze the bioavailability and traceability
of functional and bioactive compounds in fresh and pasteurized milk.
Materials and Methods. Ascorbic acid and total vitamin C were determined by
HPLC according (Xu et al., 2008).Total phenols were analysed by using the method reported
by Benzie and Strain (1999) based on the Folin–Ciocalteu method.The extraction of
flavonoids was carried out in the same way as that of total phenols but using bidistilled water
instead of HCl.Antioxidant capacity was determinedusing the methoddescribed by SánchezMoreno et al (2003).Vitamin A levels have been determined using HPLC method.
Results. The results of the present study shows that the citrus pulp silage mixture used can be
fed to goats without any negative effects on the performance of the animals and indicate that
citrus pulp silage can replace part of the conventional ration of goats, thus lowering the cost
of production.Vitamin C from the diet is recovery by 40% in fresh milk, ascorbic acid by 30%
and total phenols by 60%.In pasteurized milk, vitamina C amount is almost the same that in
fresh milk, ascorbic acid has the same amount and total phenols recovery is 70%. Flavanoid
amount in fresh milk is low (0,0035mg/100g) and the recovery in pasteurized milk doesn’t
exist.
Conclusion. Orange silage is useful from two points of view: economically one and due to
the suplimentation of bioactive compounds in fresh and pasteurized milk.
References
1. Guihua Xu a,b, Donghong Liu a , Jianchu Chen a , Xingqian Ye a,*,Yaqin Ma a , John
Shi, Juice components and antioxidant capacity of citrus varieties cultivated in China,
Food Chemistry 106 (2008) 545–551
2. Benzie, I. F. F., & Strain, J. J. (1999). Ferric reducing/antioxidant power assay: Direct
measure of total antioxidant activity of biological fluids and modified version for
simultaneous measurement of total antioxidant power and ascorbic acid concentration.
Methods in Enzymology, 299, 15–27
3. Sánchez-Moreno, C., Plaza, L., De Ancos, B., & Cano, M. P. (2003). Quantitative
bioactive compounds assessment and their relative contribution to the antioxidant capacity
of commercial orange juices. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 83, 430–
439.
136
BIOVALORIsATION OF BEER BY ALTERNATIVE FERMENTATION
TECHNOLOGY
Teodora Emilia COLDEA, Elena MUDURA*, Carmen SOCACIU, Carmen POP,
Floricuța RANGA, Ancuța PASCU
Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
Medicine, Manastur Str., No. 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
*
Keywords. alternative fermentation, beer, polyphenols, liquid chromatography.
Introduction. Due to its sensory qualities and many health benefits (Mudura, 2015), often
considered also by their consumers (Wright et al., 2008), beer and beer based products are
increasingly used in other fields such as gastronomy, herbal medicine or nutrition. Beer can
be considered an ally of the human body, because by their moderate consumption, is an
important source of some B vitamins, minerals and antioxidants (Bamforth, 2002).
Aims. The present research aimed the biovalorisation of brown beer by alternative
fermentation process, in order to obtain a beer based value added product.
Materials and Methods. Research was developed in Brewing Pilot Station of the University
of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca. Alcoholic fermentation of
brown beer was monitored in relation to ethanol, relative density, total extract and pH.
Alcoholic fermentation was followed by acetic fermentation in the presence of acetic bacteria
starter cultures (Acetobacter aceti). The product of acetic fermentation was evaluated
regarding their chemical parameters - total acidity, total dry extract by using the classical
methods. Both of the fermentation products were evaluated in relation to the total polyphenols
content by Folin Ciocalteau method. The qualitative analysis of phenolic compounds was
performed by liquid chromatography.
Results. In both fermentation stages there were identified similar phenolic compounds, but an
increase in total polyphenols was revealed after acetic fermentation of beer.
Conclusion. Brown beer biovalorisation, lead to obtaining of a functional beverage, which
represents also a value added product, due to the increasing polyphenol content.
References
1. Charles W. Bamforth (2002). Nutritional aspects of beer—a review. Nutrition
Research 22(1-2):227-237.
2. Mudura E and Coldea T (2015). Hop-derived prenylflavonoids and their importance in
brewing technology: a review. Bulletin UASVM Food Science and Technology
72(1):2-10.
3. Wright, C.A., Bruhn, C.M., Heymann, H. and Bamforth, C.W. (2008), Beer and Wine
Consumers' Perceptions of the Nutritional Value of Alcoholic and Nonalcoholic
Beverages. Journal of Food Science, 73: H8–H11. doi: 10.1111/j.17503841.2007.00606.x
137
WARFARIN REDUCED GOLD NANOPARTICLES:
CHARACTERISATION, CELLULAR UPTAKE AND CYTOTOXICITY
Cristina COMAN1, Olivia Dumitriţa RUGINĂ2, Loredana Florina LEOPOLD1, Zoriţa
DIACONEASA1, Nicolae LEOPOLD3, Maria TOFANĂ1 and Carmen SOCACIU1
1
Medicine, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
2
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea
Mănăştur 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
3
Faculty of Physics, Babeş-Bolyai University, Kogălniceanu 1, 400084, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
*
Keywords. gold nanoparticles, warfarin, cellular uptake, cytotoxicity, MTT, TEM.
Introduction. The application of gold nanoparticles in the biomedical field is receiving
increased attention (Dreaden et al., 2012). Various preparation techniques have been reported
so far. Even if there is a wide range of materials used for producing gold nanoparticles there is
a continuous need for the development of new protocols. Moreover, the applicability of such
biosynthesized nanoparticles needs further investigation. Their biocompatibility, cellular
uptake and biodistribution are important aspects that require careful assessment.
Aims. The aim of the study was to obtain gold nanoparticles using sodium warfarin as
reducing agent for the tetrachloroauric acid (HAuCl4), to characterise the obtained
nanoparticles, to evaluate their citotoxicity and cellular uptake on two different cell lines, the
human fetal lung fibroblast (HFL-1) and human retinal epithelial (D407).
Materials and Methods. For the nanoparticles synthesis, 0.2 mM HAuCl4 and 1% sodium
warfarin (3-(α-acetonylbenzyl)-4-hydroxycoumarin sodium salt) solutions were used. HAuCl4
was purchased from Merck and warfarin sodium from Alfa Aesar. The gold nanoparticles
were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR),
and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The cellular uptake was assessed by TEM.
Cellular viability assays were performed using the MTT reagent.
Results. UV-Vis spectroscopy confirmed the formation of gold nanoparticles by the presence
of surface plasmon resonance bands at 533 nm. The nanoparticles have polygonal shape and
50-70 nm diameter. FTIR showed surface modification of the nanoparticles with sodium
warfarin. TEM proved that the gold nanoparticles were able to cross the cellular membrane of
the HFL-1 and D407 cells. The nanoparticles were localised in the cell cytoplasm and they
entered the cells via endocytosis. Cellular viability assays showed that the nanoparticles were
non-cytotoxic after 24 and 48 h of cell incubation in the presence of different nanoparticle
concentrations.
Conclusion. In the present work we report the synthesis of gold nanoparticles by reducing the
HAuCl4 with the anticoagulant sodium warfarin. The nanoparticles show no toxicity towards
HFL-1 and D407 cells and they were internalized in the cell cytoplasm.
References.
1. E.C. Dreaden, A.M. Alkilany, X. Huang, C.J. Murphy, and M.A. El-Sayed. (2012).
The golden age: gold nanoparticles for biomedicine. Chemical Society Reviews.
41(7):2740-2779.
Acknowledgement. We thank the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research,
CNCS – UEFISCDI, for funding through project number PN-II-RU-TE-2011-3-0154.
138
PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS AND THEIR ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY IN
PURPLE POTATOES VARIETIES
Zoriţa DIACONEASA1, Cristina COMAN1, Dumitriţa RUGINĂ2, Loredana
LEOPOLD1, Oana POP1, Lucian CUIBUS1, Carmen SOCACIU1*
1
Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine
Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
2
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine ClujNapoca, Romania, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords. antioxidant activity, phenolics, purple potatoes
Introduction. Fruits and vegetables are known to be a rich source of phenolic compounds
which are responsible for prevention of degenerative diseases. The bioactive compounds that
occur in vegetables are mainly and phenolic acids such as chlorogenic, neochlorogenic,
ferulic, catechuic acid. Beside this compounds purples vegetable also contain anthocyanins,
flavonoids or vitamins.
Aims. The objective of this work was to evaluate and compare the phenolic compounds and
their antioxidant activity in several varieties of purple potatoes.
Materials and Methods. The obtained methanolic extracts were analyzed by colorimetric
and spectophotometric methods. Briefly total anthocyanins content was done using pH
differential method; total phenolic content was done using Folin Ciocalteu method and total
flavonoid content was determined by colorimetric method using AlCl2. Antioxidant activity
was determinate using ABTS and DPPH methods.
Results. The obtained results of analyzed samples varied considerably. Blue Congo extract
demonstrated the highest antioxidant activity while lower values were obtained for Vitelotte
Noire.
Conclusion. All analyzed samples contain higher levels of bioactive compounds with high
antioxidant potential.
139
QUALITY MONITORING OF SOME COMMERCIAL HERBAL TEAS
IN ROMANIA
Flavia DUMITRESCU1, Mona Elena POPA1, Gelu-Cristian RADE2, Mirela CUCU2,
Gabriel MUSTATEA2, Nastasia BELC2
1
University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Faculty of Biotechnology,
59 Mărăşti Blvd, District 1, 011464, Bucharest, Romania
2
National Institute of Research Development for Food Bioresources – IBA, 5thBăneasaAncuța Street,
District 2, 020323, Bucharest, Romania
Corresponding author email: [email protected]
Keywords. Heavy metals, herbal tea, microbial contamination
Introduction. Tea is the second most consumed beverage in the world with a traded quantity of
approximately 3 billion kilograms of dry leaves per year. [1]
In Romania, herbal tea varieties available on the local market, are manufactured from medicinal plants
that were either collected from the wild or cultivated for commercial purposes. Moreover some types
of herbal teas are currently being imported from some of the largest tea producing countries, such as
China or India.
Aims. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the quality of herbal tea varieties processed from
medicinal plants that are traditionally known to possess curative properties. Thirty-five samples of
different types of herbal tea from 3 major tea brands in Romania were investigated to determine the
bacterial and yeasts and moulds count, to determine the moisture and acid-soluble ash content, and
also to analyze the concentration of hazardous heavy metals in dry tea leaves.
Materials and Methods. The microbiological investigation included bacterial enumeration using the
standard plate count method, the detection and isolation of E. coli by using colorimetric method based
on β-glucuronidase activity, and also the determination of yeasts and moulds count using the fooddilution plating technique. Moisture in the samples was determined using the automated moisture
analyzer. The total ash was measured by ignition of the samples which were then cooled in a
desiccator and weighed. The determination of heavy metals content in the herb material was realized
usingGF-AAS after wet digestion in nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide in a microwave oven.
Results. The experiment has shown that all of the samples were contaminated with both bacteria and
fungi. The total number of germs count ranged from less than 10 cfu/g to 8.6 x 103 cfu/g. The
identification of bacterial isolates indicated the presence of E. coli.
The concentration of hazardous heavy metal Pb in all the investigated samples ranged from values
below the detection limit (2.0 µg/kg) to a maximum of 1.862 (mg/kg) in Rhamnusfrangula dry tea
leaves. Whereas the concentration of Cd in the same samples ranged from values below the detection
limit (0.2 µg/kg)to a maximum of 0.168 (mg/kg) in Matricariachamomilla tea.
Commission Regulation (EC) No 1881/2006 sets up a maximum level of 3.0 mg/kg for lead and 1.0
for cadmium in food supplements.
The moisture content in the different samples of herbal tea ranged from 2.58% to 10.71%. Total ash
content of the same samples ranged from 3.51% to 25.41%.
Conclusion. The results of this work indicated that all of the varieties of herbal teas investigated can
be recommended as suitable phytotherapeutic and nutritional products. However, it is important for
regulatory agencies to closely monitor the quality of herbal products, since a microbial or heavy
metals contamination, could not only lead to deterioration or loss of efficacy of the product, but also to
consumer health issues.
References
1. N. Khan, H. Mukhtar. Tea polyphenols for health promotion. Life Sci., 81 (2007), pp. 519–
533.
140
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF BIOFUNCTIONAL COMPOUNDS
CONTENT FROM ROMANIAN AND CHINESE TEA PLANTS
Anca C. FĂRCAŞ1, Sonia A. SOCACI1*, Maria TOFANĂ1, Liana Salanță,
Ana CUCEU1, Anamaria POP1
1
Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Keywords. antioxidant capacity, caffeine, flavonoids, tea, phenolic compounds
Introduction. Tea is one of the most common beverages consumed worldwide due to odour,
taste and health benefits(Palacios-Morilloet al., 2013).The bioactive components derived from
medicinal plants have been traditionally used to prevent and cure many diseases (Kumar et
al., 2015).
Aims. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the content in caffeine, phenolic
compounds, flavonoids, as well as the antioxidant activity of five different tea samples in
order to compare the amount of these bioactive compounds from traditional Romanian tea
plants and Chinese plants.
Materials and Methods. Green tea, black tea, tilia (lime tree), mint and St. John's wort were
chosen as materials for the preparation of infusions and laboratory analyses. The caffeine was
extracted with dichloromethane and then was quantified by measuring the absorbance of the
extract at 260 nm. The quantification of total phenolic compounds was achieved by FolinCiocalteu method, while the flavonoids content was determined using a chromogenic system
of NaNO2–Al(NO3)3–NaOH based spectrophotometric method. The antioxidant capacity of
each tea sample was assessed by evaluating their radical scavenging activity on DPPH radical.
Results. The largest content in antioxidant compounds was foundin green, but also in the mint
tea sample, while black tea has registered the highest caffeine content.
Conclusion. The present study evaluated and compared the content in phytochemicals and
antioxidant activity of several Romanian and Chinese teas from local market. Following the
results obtained it can be stated that all the analysed samples contain remarkable amounts of
biologically active compounds essential for the human bodyhealth.
References
1. Palacios-Morillo A., Alcázar A., de Pablos F., Jurado J.M.(2013). Differentiation of
tea varietiesusing UV–Vis spectra and pattern recognition techniques.
SpectrochimActa A. 103: 79-83
2. Senthil-Kumar SR., Siva-Kumar T., Arulmozhi KT., Mythili N. (2015). Gas
Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy Evaluation of Bioactive Phytochemicals of
Commercial Green Teas (Camellia Sinensis) of India. Asian J Pharm Clin Res,
8(3):278-282.
141
STUDY REGARDING OBTAINING AND SENSORIAL EVALUATION
OF GLUTEN-FREE RICE BASED CAKE WITH QUINOA FLOUR
ADDITION
Minodora IOVAN1*, Bogdan RADOI2 and Teodor TRASCA3
1
Faculty of Food Processing Technology, Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
Medicine “King Michael I of Romania”, 119 Calea Aradului, 300645, Timisoara,Romania
2,3
Faculty of Food Processing Technology, Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
Medicine “King Michael I of Romania”, 119 Calea Aradului, 300645, Timisoara,Romania
*
Keywords. Gluten-free cake, quinoa flour, sensorial evaluation
Introduction. Celiac disease is a permanent intolerance to gluten, a protein found in cereals, disease affecting
1% of most populations and still remaining unrecognised due to it’s symptoms (Rubia-Tapia şi Murray, 2010).
Once a pacient is diagnosed with celiac disease, he is directed to a long-life gluten-free diet, in order to prevent
mortality and to reduce the incidence of gastro-intestinal disorder associated (Kupper, 2005). Since gluten is
responsible for the viscoelastic properties of dough in baking industry, there is necessary for science people and
bakers to find and use alternatives to wheat flour, in order to obtain final products that fit to consumer’s needs.
Pseudocereals like amaranth, buckwheat and quinoa may be used in gluten-free baking along with rice, for
increasing the nutritional content.
Aims. The aim of this paper, part of a more complex study, was the obtaining and sensory and physico-chemical
evaluation of gluten-free cake based on rice (Oryza sativa L.) flour with quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) flour
addition. Based on previous studies, an increase of nutritional value for gluten-free cake, was anticipated.
Materials and Methods. Recipe and technological parameters specific for the manufacturing technology of
gluten-free cake, was made under the conditions of "Milling and Baking Technology" laboratory of faculty of
Food Processing Technology of Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine „King
Michael I of Romania” from Timisoara, after various trials, while different recipes were applied, using different
amounts of rice flour and quinoa flour, respectively: 100:0, 90:10, 80:20 and 70:30. Raw materials (gluten-free
flours) were analysed for their nutritional value, while the final product (gluten-free cake) was sensory and
physico-chemical evaluated, for it’s acceptance by the consumer and it’s nutritional value, respectively. Moisture
(%), lipids (%), protein (%), ash (%) and water absorption (%) were the quality indices analysed for the glutenfree flours. Sensory evaluation of the assortments of the gluten-free cake obtained, was carried out by 13 people
(students of the university), untrained and not coeliac people, and aimed aspect, colour, taste, flavour and
softness.
Results. Based on the scores assigned according to Romanian scoring scale, of the gluten-free cake, it resulted
that the samples sensory evaluated fit in the first two categories of quality (“good” and “very good”), in terms of
sensory analysis, the 20% quinoa flour cake and 30% quinoa flour cake, respectively, are best, reaching a score
of 19.286 (20%QF) and 19.700 (30%QF), respectively. After the sensory evaluation, the gluten-free cake with
quinoa flour added, were subjected to physico-chemical analysis. The 10% quinoa flour gluten-free cake exhibits
the highest moisture content (34,52 %), which leads to a longer shelf-life. The acidity, protein and lipid contents
reaches the highest values for the 30% quinoa flour gluten-free cake sample: 6.23 grades, 1.52% and 15.16%
respectively. As for the mineral content of the gluten-free cake, the lowest value is exhibited by the 30% quinoa
flour added sample: 0.54%, in comparison with the 10% quinoa flour added sample (0.78%) and blank sample
(0.96%).
Conclusion. In the present research work, we established the recipe and the specific parameters for gluten-free
cake based on rice flour with quinoa flour addition obtaining technology, focusing on the improvement of the
nutritional value, and mainly on the acceptance of the final product by the consumer.
References
1. Kupper C. (2005). Dietary guidelines and implementation for celiac disease. Gastroenterology, 128 (4
Suppl 1): S121-7.
2. Rubio-Tapia A., Murray J.A. (2010). Celiac Disease. Curr. Opin. Gastroenterol. 26(2):116-122.
142
RAMAN MONITORING OF PEG COATED GOLD NANOPARTICLES
INTERNALISATION IN CELLS
Loredana Florina LEOPOLD1*, Zorita Maria DIACONEASA1, Cristina COMAN1,
Nicolae LEOPOLD2 and Carmen SOCACIU1
1
Medicine, Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
2
Faculty of Physics, Babeș-Bolyai University, Kogălniceanu 1, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
*
Keywords. cellular uptake, GNPs, Raman mapping, SERS.
Introduction. In the last decade gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were proposed as targeted drug
delivery platforms. The conventional method used for monitoring their cellular internalization
is fluourescence spectroscopy. However, fluorescence needs dye molecules as labels.
Aims of this study was to detect label free internalizing AuNPs in the cell using Raman
mapping.
Materials and Methods. In this work we propose Raman mapping as a label-free method for
monitoring the internalization of AuNPs in adenocarcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial
cells (A549). Raman mapping provides chemical information coupled with spatial
information. The Raman spectra of cells were analyzed by principal component analysis
(PCA). The biocompatibility of the AuNPs is given by the surface coating. High
biocompatible agents are known to be proteins or biopolymers. In this study, we used short
chain polyethylene glycol (PEG 200) covered AuNPs, synthesized following a procedure
reported recently by us.[1] The PEG cover of the AuNPs is obtained during the synthesize
procedure, no additional modification step being necessary. TEM micrographs reveal
spherical morphology, and a mean diameter of 12 nm.
Conclusion. Raman mapping enables the discrimination between cellular compounds and also
enables the label free detection of internalized AuNPs in the cell.
References
1. Leopold N., Chis V., Mircescu N.E., Marisca O.T., Buja O.M., Leopold L.F., Socaciu
C., Braicu C, Irimie A., Berindan-Neagoe I., (2013). One step synthesis of SERS
active colloidal gold nanoparticles by reduction with polyethylene glycol. Colloids
and Surfaces A: Physicochem. Eng. Aspects 436: 133– 138
Acknowledgement. Support from UEFISCDI, project number PN-II-RU-PD-2012-3-0283 is
highly acknowledged by L.F.Leopold.
143
ASSESSMENT OF ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF LACTIC ACID
BACTERIA STRAINS AGAINST BREAD SPOILAGE FUNGUS
ASPERGILLUS OCHRACEUS
Adrian MATEI1*, Călina Petruța CORNEA1, Steliana RODINO1,2,
Ovidiu IORDACHE1, Marian BUTU2
1
University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine – Bucharest, Faculty of Biotechnologies,
Romania.
2
National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Romania.
*
Keywords. Aspergillus ochraceus, antifungal activity, lactic acid bacteria.
Introduction. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are generally recognized as safe and can be used
against fungi that contaminate various food commodities.
Aims. The aim of the research was to select LAB strains with high antifungal activity for the
biocontrol of Aspergillus ochraceus.
Materials and Methods. The antifungal activity of eight strains of lactic acid bacteria has
been evaluated by overlay assay method against the spoilage fungus, Aspergillus ochraceus
isolated from white bread. The antifungal effect was assessed by co-cultivation of lactic acid
bacteria strains and Aspergillus ochraceus in liquid media and mycelium growth inhibition
was monitored for over 14 days.
Results. The LAB strains Lpl, LAB 43 and LAB 13 presented intense antifungal activity with
large inhibition zones of fungal growth and sporulation, but smaller for Lpa and LAB 15
strains. Total inhibition of mycelia growth was induced by the strains LAB 43, LAB 13 and
Lpa. The strains LAB 15 and LAB 35 had a moderate inhibition activity on the mycelia
growth.
Conclusion. The results of this study demonstrated the antifungal activity of several LAB
strains by overlay assay and by co-cultivation method. Therefore, it was confirmed the
inhibitory effect of the strains LAB 43 and LAB 13 against Aspergillus ochraceus. The
experiment revealed that these LAB strains could be further used as biocontrol agents.
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
144
PHISYCO-CHEMICAL RESPONSE OF SEVEN IRRIGATED AND
NON-IRRIGATED APPLE CULTIVARS TO DIFFERENT STORAGE
CONDITIONS
Otilia MICU1*, Emil LUCA1, Nineta Simona VARGA1, Felicia BUTUZA-BUMB1 and
Păuniţa Iuliana BOANCĂ1
1
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
*
Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected];
Keywords. Apple Cultivars, irrigation regime, storage performance
Introduction. Fruit quality, storage performance and irrigation regime are key factors for
producing a good crop of high quality apple fruits. The postharvest loss can depend on
external and internal conditions, influencing the storage performance of apple fruits, which
affect the quality parameters.
Aims. The research`s general objective is the study of storage performance at seven apple
varieties, the influence of the irrigation regime and storage conditions in an polifactorial
experiment that aimed the specific and cumulative effect on quality parameters of the apple
varieties during a five month storage period.
Materials and Methods. The studied apple varieties are: Jonagold, Florina, Generos, Idared,
Jonathan, Granny Smith and Golden Delicious, irrigated and non-irrigated variants. For the
irrigation regime factor, two versions were tested: non-irrigated and irrigated at 50% AHI.
The fruits were harvested at optimum maturity and stored in a refrigeration unit with forced
air cooling, at constant temperature and humidity (20C and 92% RH) and in a conventional
storage, a root cellar. At the end of each storage interval the fruits were tested for: weight loss
(%), fruit firmness (kg/cm2), sugar content (0Brix), Total Soluble Solid Content (TSS),
anatomical parameters etc.
Results. During the 5 months period of storage, the sugar content, correlated with TSS ant
and RI, fluctuated towards a higher value for the non-irrigated variant, stored in conventional
spaces, for each variety. Fruit firmness and weight loss for the irrigated variants tend to
exhibit significant higher values of degradation for the apples stored in conventional spaces.
Conclusion. During the development of the flesh of a fruit, nutrients are deposited as starch,
which during the ripening process is transformed into sugars. The progression of the ripening
process leads to increasing sugar levels correlated with weight and firmness loss as well as
reduced water content, process which is more intense at the non-irrigated, conventional
stored, red apple varieties.
Acknowledgments. This paper was published under the frame of European Social Fund,
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
145
STUDY ON INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF MEAT ON THE
QUALITY OF MEAT PRODUCTS
Melinda NAGY, Crina MUREȘAN*, Sonia A. SOCACI, Maria TOFANĂ,
Anca FARCAȘ, Suzana E. BIRIȘ
Department of Food Science and Technology. University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
Keywords. smoke sausage, pork meat, deer meat, nitrite, physical-chemical quality
indicators, sensory analysis
Introduction. Meat species in processed food products has been gaining an increasing
interest mainly due to public health, economic and legal concerns, but also due to religious
reasons (Amaral, J. S., et al. 2014). Recent years have seen an increasing demand for
healthier meat products. Formulation of healthier meat products based on processing
strategies is one of the most important current approaches to the development of potential
meat-based functional foods. (López-López et al., 2009).
Aims. The main objective of the study were to characterize different type of meat and to use
that for obtaining a meat product-smoked sausage.
Materials and Methods. The physicochemical analysis highlighted the moisture content
(Drying-oven at 105 ºC), protein (Kjeldahl method) and fat (Soxhlet method) content and
sodium chloride content (Mohr method) of the meats and the final product. Sensory analyses
of the samples as well as control sample were evaluated by 17 untrained panelists using a 9
point hedonic scale.
Results and Conclusion. Following this study, it was noted an improvement of the new
product of organoleptic characteristics (texture and appearance) as well as physico-chemical
and sensorial properties.
References:
1. López-López I., Cofrades S., Jiménez-Colmenero F. (2009). Low-fat frankfurters
enriched with n-3 PUFA and edible seaweed: Effects of olive oil and chilled storage
on physicochemical, sensory and microbial characteristics. Meat Science 83, 148–154.
2. Amaral, J. S., Santos, Cristina G., Melo, Vitor S., Oliveira, M. Beatriz P. P., Mafra,
Isabel, 2014. "Authentication of a traditional game meat sausage (Alheira) by speciesspecific PCR assays to detect hare, rabbit, red deer, pork and cow meats." Food
Research International 60: 140-145.
146
EVALUATION OF WINE ACIDS BY FORCED ESTERIFICATION AT
PRODUCTS WITH HIGH ALCOHOLIC DEGREE
Marius NICULAUA1*, Bogdan C-tin NECHITA2, Cătălin Ioan ZAMFIR2,
Florin VĂRARU1, Georgiana-Diana DUMITRIU1 and Valeriu V. COTEA2
1
2
Department of Horticulture – Oenology. USAMV Iași, România.
Research Centre for Oenology. Romanian Academy – Iași branch, România.
*
Keywords. wine, gas cromatography, organic acids, esterification
Introduction. Acid evaluation is important for understanding aspects of the wine product and
nowadays is a factor that provides confidence to concerning consumers about the freshness of
the product.
Aims. The study purpose was to highlight the differentiation aromatic profile by esterification
of organic acids and the confirm content of these major class of compound.
Materials and Methods. The grapes and wines varieties are: Fetească regală, Fetească albă,
Grasă de Cotnari, Tămâioasă românească, Busuioacă de Bohotin, Băbească neagră, Fetească
neagră, Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon were analysed.
In the past studies the effects of esterification was established during maturation (Takashi
Shinohara, 1979) or during wine aging (Theodore L. Edwards, 1985).
For the analysis of acids and esters, samples were processed on a Shimadzu ITEX-GC-MS
and SBSE-GC-MS.
Results. The esterification rates of main organic acids in wines were determined to ethyl ester
formationlevel in situ with automation of the instruments. The esterification rates ranged from
zero to 35%.
Conclusion. The values differs for acetic, lactic, malic, tartaric, succinic acid depending on
longer period for reaction and alcoholic content in the natural wine.
References
1. Takashi Shinohara, Jun-Ichi Shimizu, Yoshimi Shimazua, Esterification Rates of Main
Organic Acids in Wines, Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 43, Issue 11,
1979, pages 2351-2358, DOI:10.1080/00021369.1979.10863808;
2. Theodore L. Edwards, Vernon L. Singleton, Roger Boulton, Formation of Ethyl Esters
of Tartaric Acid During Wine Aging: Chemical and Sensory Effects, Am. J. Enol.
Vitic., 1985, vol. 36, no. 2, 118-124.
147
THE EVALUATION OF FOOD SECURITY IN EUROPEAN UNION-27
Özge Can NİYAZ¹
¹Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Economics,
*
Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected], Phone: 00902862180018-1283,
Canakkale-Turkey.
Keywords. European Union-27, dimensions of food security, food safety, food security,
Turkey.
Introduction. Hunger and poverty increase day by day all around the world. Thus, concept
and evaluation of food security is getting important. Food security exists when all people, at
all times, have physical and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food that meets
their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life. This widely accepted
definition points to the following dimensions of food security; food availability, food access,
utilization and stability.
Aims. The aim of this study is to evaluate food security of EU-27 by using official macro
data. Materials and Methods. Secondary data have been used which are collected from Food
and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and European Statistics (EUROSTAT). These data are
interpreted with literature view. Turkey is candidate for nomination to be a member of EU for
the duration. Therefore, it’s important to look at the EU-27’s food security conditions for
Turkey. Because of this, even the title of study is about EU and Turkey is still not a member
of EU, some comparison have been done between Turkey and EU-27 to show differences and
similarities. Although EU-27 became EU-28 in 2011, recent data which can be found in the
official references are mostly until 2011 year. That’s why EU-27 is considered instead of EU28 in the study.
Results. Becoming true of food security depends on to provide the four dimensions of food
security at the same time. In terms of food availability, while EU-27 have self-sufficiency
about cereals, meat and milk, haven’t got self-sufficiency about fruit and vegetable. Food
access includes economical and physical access. In the way of income level and distribution
fairness, food security are not provided in both EU-27 and Turkey. When we look at
utilization, people in Turkey consume cereals two times more than people in EU-27 and
people in EU-27 consume more meat and milk than people in Turkey according to food
supply quantity per capita. In the food safety context, EU-27 is more developed than Turkey.
Also indicators of stability dimension are not pleasant both EU-27 and Turkey. As a result of
this study, it is possible to say that, even EU-27’s present conditions of food security are
better than Turkey, food security have not been provided with the four dimensions neither in
Turkey nor EU-27.
148
EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND PHENOLIC
CONTENT IN DIFFERENT EXTRACTS PREPARED FROM SALVIA
OFFICINALIS L.
ANA-VIORICA POP (CUCEU)1, MARIA TOFANĂ1*, SONIA A. SOCACI1, DAN
VÂRBAN2, MELINDA NAGY1, MARIA-DOINIŢA BORŞ1, SUSANA SFECHIŞ3
1
Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of ClujNapoca, Romania
2
Department of Environmental and Plant Protection, University of Agricultural Sciences and
Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Romania
3
Department of Crop Plants, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of ClujNapoca, Romania
Keywords. antioxidant capacity, extraction, phenolic content, Salvia officinalis.
Introduction. The use of medicinal plants to improve health is an ancient practice and in recent
years it has been observed an increasing interest of scientific researchers for the study of plants
with biological properties and active principles responsible for their therapeutic effects. Salvia
officinalis L. is considered the queen of herbs and belongs to the Lamiaceae (Labiatae) family.
This plant species is very rich in biologically active compounds and many studies have indicated
their increasing practical importance (Martins et al., 2015). Total phenolic content, antioxidant
activity and antimicrobial activity of herbal extracts are of particular interest to food industry
which is looking for plant extracts with significant antimicrobial activity to be used as alternatives
to conventional food preservatives (Skotti et al., 2014).
Aims. Due to the increasing interest in plants health benefits, the aim of the present study was to
characterize various extracts of Romanian sage regarding their content in compounds with
antioxidant activity.
Materials and Methods. The sage leaves were collected in March 2015 from the green-house of
Phytotechny Department of UASVM. Three different techniques (maceration, ultrasound and hot
extraction) and five solvents were used for extraction of bioactive compounds from Salvia
officinalis L. The total phenolic content and the antioxidant activity of plant extract were
determined by Folin-Ciocalteu and by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical
scavenging assays, respectively.
Results. The most efficient extraction technique was maceration followed by hot extraction and
ultrasound. Methanolic extract exhibited the highest extraction ability for such phenolic
compound, where the total phenols was 1974.89 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dry weight and also
exhibited the strongest antioxidant capacity.
Conclusion. In this study, methanolic extract of sage (Salvia officinalis) grown in Romania was
the strongest radical scavenging among the extracts examined and can be considered as a good
source of natural antioxidants.
References
1. Martins N., Barros L., Santos-Buelga C., Henriques M., Silva S., Ferreira I. (2015).
Evaluation of bioactive properties and phenolic compounds in different extracts prepared
from Salvia officinalis L., Food Chemistry 170:378–385.
2. Skotti E., Anastasaki E., Kanellou G., Polissiou M., Tarantilis P.A. (2014). Total phenolic
content, antioxidant activity and toxicity of aqueous extracts from selected Greek
medicinal and aromatic plants. Industrial Crops and Products 53:46– 54.
149
CERIUM OXIDE NANOPARTICLES AND THEIR ANTIBACTERIAL
EFFECT IN VITRO
Oana Lelia POP1*, Amalia MESAROŞ2, Zoriţa DIACONEASA1, Dan Cristian
VODNAR1, Lucian BARBU-TUDORAN3, Lidia MAGERUȘAN4, Doru PAMFIL5,
Carmen SOCACIU1
1
Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
2
Faculty of Materials Engineering and Environment, Technical University Cluj-Napoca, Romania
3
Electron Microscopy Center, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babes-Bolyai University, ClujNapoca, Romania
4
National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies ClujNapoca, Romania
5
Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca,
Romania
*
Keywords. antimicrobial, cerium oxide nanoparticles, pathogens
Introduction. Antibiotics or antimicrobials have been widely used in food industry for
pathogens eradication and foodborne prevention. Nevertheless, lately a great concern is
arising related to multiple drug resistant microorganisms and to the safety of the preservatives
utilized in foods. A great effort of worldwide scientists is directed towards finding new
alternatives for combating pathogens.
Aims. The utilisation of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2NPs) as antibacterial agent was
proposed and tested on five pathogens, namely: Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium,
Listeria monocytogenes, Staphyloccocus aureus and Bacilus cereus.
Materials and Methods. In this research the synthesis of CeO2NPs was conducted using the
precipitation method. The nanoparticles were characterised by spectroscopic and microscopic
methods and their antioxidant and antibacterial activity was tested on two gram negative and
three gram positive pathogens respectively. For the antimicrobial activity the well diffusion
method and UV-VIS spectrometry (optical density) were used.
Results. Small size nanoparticles were obtained by the precipitation method. The antibacterial
tests evidence that the inhibitory effect of CeO2NPs is present at lower concentration than the
control (standard drug). The time kill assay shows an inhibitory effect in a time dependent
manner, indicating that CeO2NPs interaction with the tested pathogens results in bacterial cell
damage.
Conclusion.The experimental results prove that the CeO2NPs exhibit excellent antibacterial
activity against the five tested bacterial species: E. coli, S. typhimurium, L. monocytogenes, S.
aureus and B. cereus.
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765
150
CAROTENOIDS, TOCOPHEROLS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY
OF LIPOPHILIC EXTRACTS FROM SEA BUCKTHORN BERRIES
(HIPPOPHAE RHAMNOIDES), APRICOT PULP AND APRICOT
KERNEL (PRUNUS ARMENIACA)
Elena Andreea POP1, Zoriţa M.DIACONEASA1, Florinela FETEA1, Andrea BUNEA1,
Francisc DULF1, Adela PINTEA1 and Carmen SOCACIU1
1
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UASMV Cluj-Napoca.
Keywords. antioxidant, carotenoids, Hippophae rhamnoide, Prunus armeniaca, tocopherols
Introduction. A healthy human diet requires the daily consumption of fruits and vegetables
rich in bioactive compounds. Sea buckthorn berries (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) and apricot
fruits (Prunus armeniaca L.) are cultivated and appreciated in Romania both as fresh fruits
and as derived products. Characterized by a complex chemical composition, sea buckthorn is
rich in unsaturated lipids, carotenoids and tocopherols. Except for β-carotene content, less is
known about other lipophilic compounds in apricot fruits.
Aims. The aim of this paper was to separate and quantify the individual carotenoids,
tocopherols and tocotrienols in sea buckthorn, apricot pulp and kernels and also to determine
the antioxidant activity of the lipophilic extract.
Materials and Methods. Chemical characterization of lipophilic extract was performed by
HPLC with PDA (carotenoids) and fluorescence detection (tocopherols). A C30 reversed
phase column was used for carotenoid separation and a normal phase Silica60 column for the
separation of tocopherols. The antioxidant capacity of the extracts was determined using the
TEAC method.
Results. The total carotenoid content was 17.19±1.4 mg/100g F.W. in sea buckthorn;
3.51±0.25 mg/100g F.W. in apricot fruits and 0.58±0.04 mg/100 g F.W. in apricot kernels.
The major carotenoids in sea buckthorn were β-carotene, zeaxanthin and β-cryptoxanthin
esters. Apricots fruits are rich in β-carotene and its geometric isomers while in kernels we
could properly identified only lycopene. α-tocopherol concentration was higher in sea
buckthorn (46 mg/kg) than in apricot fruits (1.09 mg/kg) while apricot kernel contain large
amounts of γ-tocopherol (111 mg/kg).
Conclusions. The lipophilic extract of sea buckthorn berries was rich in both carotenoids and
tocopherols and showed the highest antioxidant capacity values. Apricot fruits contain low
amounts of both carotenoids and tocopherols compared to sea buckthorn while apricot seeds
had the highest concentration of tocopherols. TEAC values were better correlated with the
amount of tocopherols in samples.
References
1. Kurtz, C., Carle, R., Schieber, A. (2008). HPLC-DAD-MS characterisation of
carotenoids from apricots and pumpkins for the evaluation of fruit product
authenticity, Food Chem., 2008, 110, 522-530
2. Müller L., Theile K., Böhm V., Schaich K., (2010) In vitro antioxidant activity of
tocopherols and tocotrienols and comparison of vitamin E concentration and lipophilic
antioxidant capacity in human plasma, Mol Nutr Food Res, 54, 731-742
Acknowledgement. This work was supported by a grant of the Romanian national Authority
for Scientific Research CNCS-UEFISCDI, project number PN-II-ID-PCE-2011-3-0721
151
SENSORIAL AND PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL EVALUATION OF
MELANGE FROM PASTEURIZED EGGS
Roxana GAVRIL (RAŢU)1 and Marius Giurgi USTUROI
1
Department of Animal Products, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine
“Ion Ionescu de la Brad” from Iaşi, Romania.
e-mail: [email protected]
Keywords. pasteurized liquid egg, minerals, stored.
Introduction. Pasteurized liquid products from eggs know a great development on Romanian
market, and this thing represent a great forward step regarding food safety and quality,
because by pasteurization process could be obtained a product, which guarantees the
neutralization of micro-organisms with harmful potential, such as Salmonella.
Aims. The importance of the research presented in the current paper derives from realization
of a qualitative evaluation for sensorial, physical and chemical indicators, which are specific
to derived products from eggs, preserved and stored in different regimes of microclimate.
Materials and Methods. Were formed 2 batches (Lc – pasteurized melange packed in bags
type “bag in box” and stored at +4˚C şi R.H. = 90%; Lexp-1 pasteurized melange packed in
bags type “bag in box” and stored at +22÷32˚C, R.H. = 50÷70%. Were tracked the sensorial
features of product and pH value. Were also effectuated a series of chemical analysis aiming
to water, dry matter content, mineral substances content (mg/100g) was determined through
atomic absorption specto-photometric method (AAS) using a GBC-AVANTA type spectophotometer.
Results. The first sensorial modifications were observed in day 90 of storage for batch Lexp1, modifications which were kept till the end of storage period. Regarding pH value, the first
differences with statistical signification were observed after 30 days of storage, differences
between those two batches being very significant (Lc vs Lexp-1 = ***;
). For the analysed chemical elements were enlightened
modifications from a control stage to another, without inducing statistical significations
between those two analysed batches.
Conclusion. The results obtained at the end of the current research, lead to the conclusion that
experimental factors (microclimate factors assured during storage) influenced in a low or
great measure the quality of analysed product (pasteurized melange).
Acknowledgments. We thank you to European Social Fund, Human Resources Development
Operational Programme 2007-2013, project no. POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
152
FOOD SECURITY AND IMPLICATIONS OF INTERNATIONAL
TRADE - CoNCEPTUAL APPROACHES AND EVIDENCES ACROSS
EU
Mirela-Adriana RUSALI1
1
Institute of Agricultural Economics. Romanian Academy, Romania.
E-mail: [email protected]
Keywords. Agriculture, food security, international trade.
Introduction. As a result of all socio-economic policies, food security is a basic objective to
fulfil, requiring public responsibility. Several studies identified future threats in relation to
food, energy and economic affordability differentially affecting global food security, from
individuals to nations. The present article connects to this context from the perspective of
potential benefits from international trade.
Aims. The research focused upon the role of international trade in enhancing food security
and evaluations across EU-27 countries, related to agri-food trade volume, structure and
trends, aiming at identifying intra- and inter-national sensitive areas concerning the food
competitive potential.
Materials and Methods. Statistics on agricultural trade flows of import and export, were
produced by Comext, while Eurostat on output. The quantitative comparisons have been
based on evaluations related to EU Member States, yielded qualitative evidences, drawing
attention to threats affecting smaller economies, as Romania.
Results. Research provides conceptual contributions to food security definition and
substantiates the analytical background with recent evaluations on agricultural trade across
the EU member states related to competitiveness in reaching internal and external demands.
Currently, EU as a whole has no major food risks; however, insights on agri-food foreign
exchanges underline certain concerns upon food providing and unbalances between countries,
including self-sufficiency, affecting export supplier reliability and competitiveness.
Conclusion. Taking stock on previous studies concerning global food security, the research
found a world growing awareness on food availability in a long-term perspective, while
among multi-faced approaches on food security strategies, enhancement efficiency of the
world trading system may well be of a major importance.
References (selection)
1. von Braun, J. (2009). Threats to Security Related to Food, Agriculture, and Natural
Resources – What to Do? IFPRI, Washington DC, USA.
2. European Commission (2010). The CAP towards 2020: Meeting the food, natural
resources and territorial challenges of the future. Bruxelles. COM(2010) 672.
3. FAO (2006). World Agriculture: Towards 2030/2050. Interim Report, Rome.
153
INFLUENCE OF THE BROWN MARINE ALGAE ON THE
PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND SENSORY CHARACTERISTCS OF THE
SAUSAGES
Claudiu-Dan SĂLĂGEAN, Carmen POP* and Mihai CATRINOI
Department of Food Science and Technology. University of Agricultural Sciences and
Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca
Keywords. algae, beef, sausage assortment, sensory analyses, physicochemical analyses
Introduction. As we know, the marine algae such as the brown ones are an important renewable
source of protein containing all essential amino acids (Sălăgean and Ţibulcă, 2014) easily
assimilated minerals such as iodine, essential in the proper functioning of the thyroid gland,
soluble fibers and antioxidants such as fucoxantina (Burtin, 2003, Simionescu et al., 1974).
Aims. The aim of this study was to asses the influence of the brown algae on the quality in the
manufacturing of a certain halfsmoked sausages assortment. Reducing the animal fat in the
finished product by replacing it with proteins, fibers and minerals from the brown marine algae
was also intended.
Materials and Methods. Two technological variants obtained into a micro scale production have
been experienced and compared with the control sample PM (75% beef and 25% fat): the first one
P1 (with 10% algae and 15% animal fat) and the other one P2 (15% algae and 10% animal fat),
the remaining of 75% beeing represented, in each case, by beef. The sensory analyses of the
samples has been evaluated by 26 untrained panelists using a 9 point hedonic scale.
Results. The physicochemical analysis highlighted higher values regarding the protein, moisture,
sodium chloride content and lower fat content values in the case of the P2 compared to the P1 and
PM variants (the lowest values). Furthermore, an increase in protein, fat, sodium chloride content
and a decrease of the moisture content in all variants have been during the storage observed.
Regarding the sensory analysis, according to the hedonic test consumers preferred the variant with
10% brown algae addition with the following physicochemical quality parameters: 56.87%
moisture, 1.17% sodium chloride, 15.11% protein, 16.72% fat content (average values determined
after 24 hour storage) and 31.98 mg/100 g easy hydrolyzed nitrogen determined after 7 days
storage.
Conclusion. Following this study, an improvement of the new product quality, regarding the
organoleptic characteristics as well as the physicochemical ones, has been observed. The new
sausage assortment with the addition of the brown algae is within the quality limits imposed by
STAS.
References
1. Burtin, P. (2003). Nutritional value of seaweeds, J Agric Food Chem ISSN: 1579-4377
2. Sălăgean C.D. and Ţibulcă, D. (2014). Studies Concerning the Economic Efficiency and
Quality of the Vegetal Sausages, Bulletin UASVM Food Science and Technology
71(1)/2014: 73-74
3. Simionescu C, Rusan V. and Popa V. (1974). Chimia algelor marine, Ed. Academiei
R.S.R., Bucureşti.
Acknowledgement. This paper was published under the frame of European Social Fund, Human
Resources
Development
Operational
Programme
2007-2013,
project
no.
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
154
ROMANIAN CONSUMERS’ WILLINGNESS TO BUY FOODSTUFFS
CONTAINING FOOD ADDITIVES: RESULTS OF A CONJOINT
STUDY
Viktória SZŰCS1, Erzsébet SZABÓ1, Monica TARCEA2* and Diána BÁNÁTI3
1
Department of Technology and Food Chain Analysis. National Agricultural Research and
Innovation Centre – Food Science Research Institute, Hungary
.2Department of Community Nutrition and Food safety. University of Medicine and Pharmacy,
Romania.
3
International Life Sciences Institute Europe, Belgium.
*
Keywords. foodstuff, food additives, packaging gases, preservatives
Introduction. Romanian consumers show high anxiety regarding food additives as well as
they have notable demand for additive-free products even at higher prices.
Aims. The aim of the present work was to analyse the willingness to buy and preference of
foodstuffs containing natural and artificial food additives in Romania.
Materials and Methods. A complex conjoint analysis (rating-based RB and choice-based
CB) was performed amongst Romanian consumers. Conjoint cards were created from two
groups of food additives (“preservatives” and “packaging gases”), and consisting of two
model foodstuffs
(pre-packed sliced cheese and chips). For the study, three factors were selected: preservatives
(artificial / natural), packaging gases (contain / does not contain) and price (average + 10% /
average + 20%). Results were collected via the internet and data were analysed with the help
of SPSS Conjoint and XLSTAT software.
Results. Preservatives have a dominant importance and natural preservatives have a high
utility in shopping decisions. Natural compounds have higher importance in the example of
foodstuffs thought to contain less food additives (pre-packed sliced cheese), while the
presence of packaging gases is acceptable to respondents in easy to handle and convenient
foodstuffs. With the help of the cluster analysis, the promising target group (“desire for
natural”) characterizing additive-free foodstuffs that contain “natural” compounds was
identified. Restricted comparison of the RB and the CB analysis showed that the CB method
was easier to handle and understand for the participants.
Conclusion. Romanian consumers need for natural compounds and price-sensitive attitude
have to be taken into consideration during the product development and production phases.
155
BIOCONVERSION OF FRUIT WASTES INTO VALUABLE ORGANIC
CHEMICALS
Dan C. VODNAR1, Oana L. POP1, Florinela FETEA1, Floricuta RANGA1, Francisc
DULF2, and Carmen SOCACIU1
1
Department of Food Science. University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj
Napoca, Romania
1
Department of Environmental Protection. University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
Medicine, Cluj Napoca, Romania
*
Keywords. Lactobacillus ssp, lactic acid, food wastes.
Introduction. A major problem experienced by agro-based industries in develops and
developing countries is the management of wastes (Pop et al., 2015). Large quantities of both
liquid and solid wastes are produced annually by the food processing industry. Fruits and
vegetables are good sources of dietary fiber. By-products from the fruit and vegetable
industry, in particular, are of interest since they are inexpensive and available in large
quantity.
Aims. In the present work, apple, banana and sugar beet peels were used as carbon substrate
for production of L -lactic acid using lactic acid bacteria strains on batch fermentation. More,
the experiments were conducted on media supplemented with inorganic nutrients and yeast
extract. Fruit wastes were first used to produce the highest biomass yield of Lactobacillus ssp.
Materials and Methods. Fermentations trials were carried out by using fed-batch
fermentation processes, and the produced lactic acid was measured by using HPLC.
Results. An enhanced lactic acid production was then followed up using fed-batch
fermentation with wastes-peels, inorganic nutrients and yeast extract. The glucose
consumption rate was 1.12 g l-1 h-1 after 48 h in trial with banana peels, while in trial with
apple peels the lowest rate of 0.17 g l-1 h-1 was registered. The highest L-lactic acid yield
(1.72 g g-1) was obtained in trial with banana peels supplemented with yeast extracts of and
the concentration of lactic acid was approximately 39 g l-1.
Conclusion. This work introduced sustainable opportunities for L-lactic acid production
via Lactobacillus ssp. fermentation on different fruits wastes media. Fruits wastes, inorganic
nutrients and yeast extracts ratio influence the L-lactic acid production, increasing the lactate
productivity with the proportion of the wastes addition.
References
1. Pop, O.L., Vodnar, D.C., Suharoschi, R., Mudura, E., Socaciu, C. (2015). L.
Plantarum ATCC 8014 entrapment with prebiotics and lucerne green juice and their
behavior in simulated gastrointestinal conditions. Journal of Food Process
Engineering. In press.
Acknowledgments. This work was supported by the Partnership in Priority Areas
Programme-PNII, developed with the support of MEN-UEFISCDI (Project No.154 [PN-IIPT-PCCA-2013-4-0743])
156
Section 4: Horticulture and Forestry
USE OF WILD RELATIVES FOR INCREASING THE GENETIC BASE
AND ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE OF EGGPLANT
Jaime PROHENS1*, Hemal FONSEKA2, Auguste KOUASSI3, Mariola PLAZAS1,
Ramya FONSEKA4, Abou KOUASSI3, Isabel ANDÚJAR1, Rajakapasha RANIL2, Brice
KOUASSI3, Pietro GRAMAZIO1, Lahiru NIRAN5, Ana FITA1, Tharangani
WELEGAMA2, Adrián RODRÍGUEZ-BURRUEZO1, and Santiago VILANOVA1
1
Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana. Universitat Politècnica de
València, Spain.
2
Horticultural Crop Research and Development Institute. Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
3
Laboratory of Genetics. Félix Houphouët-Boigny University, Abidjan, Ivory Coast
4
Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture. University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri
Lanka
5
Agriculture Research Station. Girandurukotte, Sri Lanka
*
Keywords. breeding, genepools, hybridization, introgression, Solanum melongena
Introduction. Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) presents a narrow genetic base. Despite its
economic importance, the potential of wild relatives, which grow in a wide range of
environmental conditions, including desertic areas, largely remains unexploited for eggplant
breeding. Interspecific hybridization followed by subsequent backcrossing towards cultivated
eggplant could contribute to increasing the genetic base of this crop as well as to introgressing
drought tolerance and other traits of interest for adaptation to climate change.
Aims. This work is aimed at the development of interspecific hybrids between eggplant and
wild relatives from the primary, secondary and tertiary genepools for introgression breeding.
Materials and Methods. Six eggplant varieties were crossed to 26 wild accessions from 15
wild species from the primary, secondary and tertiary genepools. Sexual hybridizations were
performed in Valencia (Spain), Peradeniya (Sri Lanka) and Abidjan (Ivory Coast). Fruits set
from interspecific hybrids between eggplant and primary and secondary genepool species
were left to reach physiological maturity before seed extraction. For crosses with the tertiary
genepool embryo rescue was applied.
Results. Interspecific hybrids were obtained between eggplant and 13 out of the 15 wild
species. For the primary and secondary genepool species, interspecific hybrids were obtained
for all wild species in at least one combination S. melongena × wild species. For the three
species from the tertiary genepool, interspecific hybrids were obtained only with S. torvum
after embryo rescue. In total, 78 interspecific hybrid combinations were obtained between
eggplant and wild relatives. Due to differences in environmental conditions, some hybrid
combinations could be obtained only in one or two locations.
Conclusion. Eggplant can be successfully hybridized with many different wild relatives from
different genepools. The use of a wide range of environmental conditions, represented by
different locations increases the success of obtaining specific interspecific hybrid
combinations. The interspecific hybrids obtained represent the starting point for introgression
breeding in eggplant for adaptation to climate change.
157
EFFECT OF ORGANIC AND MINERAL FERTILIZΑΤΙΟΝ ON
GROWTH AND MYCORRHIZAL COLONIZATION OF PEA CROPS
Dimitrios BILALIS*, Anestis KARKANIS, Foteini ANGELOPOULOU, Andreas
ANTONIADIS, Ilias TRAVLOS, Georgia NTATSI, Efstathia LAZARIDI, Dimitrios
SAVVAS
Department of Crop Science. Agricultural University of Athens, Greece.
*
Keywords. mycorrhizal colonization, NPK fertilizer, organic manure, pea, traditional
varieties.
Introduction. Proper and balanced fertilization plays a key role in crop productivity. The use
of inorganic fertilizers to improve soil fertility and increase crop yields has not been always
helpful, as it is associated with increased soil acidity, nutrient imbalance, nitrogen leaching
and decomposition of soil organic matter (Kang and Juo, 1980). On the other hand, the
addition of manure and other sources of organic matter to soils usually benefit crop yields by
improved aeration, water penetration, water-holding capacity, soil structure, cation exchange
capacity, soil buffering, microbial activity, and/or nutrient availability. Furthermore, additions
of farmyard manures or composts can increase root AMF (Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi)
entry points compared to additions of inorganic synthetic fertilizers (Mosse, 1959). AMF are
very important in agricultural systems and have the potential to promote plant nutrition and
growth, and reduce nutrient leaching.
Aims. The objective of this study was to assess the influence of organic vs. mineral fertilizers
on growth and mycorrhizal root colonization rate in four different pea varieties.
Materials and Methods. A field experiment was conducted to determine the effects of
integrated use of organic and inorganic nutrient sources on growth and mycorrhizal root
colonization of three local pea varieties (namely Schinoussa, Andros and Amorgos) and one
commercial pea variety (Onward). Treatments included: organic manure or mineral fertilizer
(NPK 11-15-15). The parameters that were determined were: height, number of leaves in the
main stem and presence and percentage of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF).
Results. The results indicated that the application of organic manure significantly enhanced
mycorrhizal root colonization rate and growth for all four pea varieties in comparison with
NPK application.
Conclusion. Taking into account all the studied aspects, it can be concluded that, application
of organic fertilization can substantially contribute to the increase of growth and the
percentage of AMF colonization in pea crops.
References
1. Kang B.T.and Juo A.S.R. (1980).Management Of Low Activity Clay Soils In Tropical
Africa For Food Crop Production. In Terry ER, Oduro K.A, Caveness F. (eds)
Tropical Root crops: Research strategies for the 1980s. Ottawa, Ontario, IDRC: 129133
2. Mosse B. (1959). Observations on the extra-matrical mycelium of a vesiculararbuscular endophyte. Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 42:439-448.
158
COMPARATIVE ANALYSES OF PLANT RESPONSES TO ABIOTIC
STRESS: AN USEFUL APPROACH TO STUDY STRESS TOLERANCE
MECHANISMS
Mohamad AL HASSAN1, Monica BOSCAIU2 and Oscar VICENTE1*
1
2
Institute of Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology (IBMCP, UPV-CSIC), and
Mediterranean Agroforestal Institute (IAM, UPV). Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain.
*
Keywords. Climate change, drought, osmolytes, oxidative stress, salt stress
Adverse environmental conditions, especially drought and soil salinity, are responsible for the
largest agricultural losses worldwide. In the context of global climate change – with an
expected increase in the intensity of these environmental stress factors and a growing scarcity
of water for irrigation – biotechnological improvement of crop stress tolerance is the most
promising strategy to quickly increase crop yields and food production, which are needed to
feed a growing world population. Yet, this requires a deep understanding of the physiological,
biochemical and molecular mechanisms underlying stress tolerance in plants. Despite
intensive research over the last decades, progress in this field has been relatively slow. We
believe that the development of stress-tolerant crops has been partly hampered by the
experimental approaches commonly used in these studies, based generally on non-tolerant
model species, mostly Arabidopsis thaliana, and on the analysis of the responses to a
particular stress under controlled – but artificial – laboratory conditions.
Here we propose complementary strategies which make use of both, crops and wild stresstolerant plants as experimental material, and combine field and laboratory work to perform
comparative analyses of plant responses to stress, including: i) comparison of the responses to
stress in the plants' natural habitats and when subjected to controlled treatments in the
greenhouse; this should help to establish which responses are ecologically relevant and which
are not; ii) comparison of the stress responses in species related genetically but with different
levels of tolerance (e.g. wild species of the same genus, different cultivars of the same crop);
this should help to assess the contribution of different responses to the tolerance of a
particular species, and also to select the most promising varieties to be included in breeding
programmes for improvement of crop stress tolerance. Some specific examples will be
discussed, to show how this approach can, indeed, provide novel information on the general
mechanisms of plant tolerance to abiotic stress.
159
DETERMINING THE FUEL CONSUMPTION WHEN USING A
HARVESTER-FORWADER SYSTEM TO CLEARCUT A DRIED
SPRUCE STAND
Andrei APĂFĂIAN1, Horațiu MUNTEANU1 and Alexandru Stelian BORZ1*
1
Transilvania University of Braşov, Department of Forest Engineering, Forest Management and
Terrestrial Measurements, Şirul Beethooven, no.1, 500123, Braşov, Romania.
*
Keywords. dried out spruce, forest equipment, fuel consumption, fully mechanized
Introduction. While extensively studied and known, highly efficient cut-to-length harvesting
systems such as those associating harvesters and forwarders are particularly new for Romania.
In order to be better understood as a first step in their validation for the Romanian conditions,
performance studies should be carried out and their advantages and/or disadvantages should
be discussed.
Aims. A field study has been carried out in a dried out spruce stand located outside its
specific vegetation conditions in Romania in order to quantify the fuel consumption and to
calculate some performance indicators
Materials and Methods. Clear cut operations carried out in a Norway spruce were observed
during the summer of 2014. A Valmet 911.4 harvester was used to fell, process and pile the
trees while a forwarder Komatsu 840.4 was used to extract the wood to the landing zone. The
field data was colected daily at the beginning and at the end of the shift for both machines. At
the end of the study a data base concerning the fuel consumption, machine hours and
distances was recorded for analysis.
Results. Our results indicate that for a Valmet 911.4 harvester that has been studied for 74.4
machine hours, the fuel consumption was of 21.036 liters per hour, respectively of 1.132 liters
per over-bark processed cubic meter. In the case of a Komatsu 840.4 forwarder that has been
studied for 79 machine hours the fuel consumption was as high as 10.592 liters per hour,
respectively of 10.592 liters per hour (7.340 liters per turn) in conditions of an average
extraction distance of 1.26 km.
Conclusion. The results of this study may be helpful in a better understanding of highly
mechanized forest machines operating under Romanian conditions, as well as in comparing
their performance with that of traditionally used equipment.
Acknowledgments. This paper is supported by the Sectorial Operational Programme Human
Resources, Development (SOP HRD), ID 134378 financed from the European Social Fund
and by the Romanian Government.
160
RESPONSE OF FLORINA APPLE TREES TO FOLIAR APLICATIONS
OF FERTILIZERS
Valerian BALAN*, Sergiu VĂMĂŞESCU and Petru BALAN
Faculty of Horticulture.Agrarian State University of Moldova.
*
Keywords. apple, fertilizer, harvest, fruit quality.
Introduction. Foliar administration of fertilizers is effective because high purity elements are
used, where the technical and macro- and micro-elements are combined in a desired balance
in a controlled environment (Stampar et al. 2002; Wojcik et al. 2005). This mode of
fertilizing allows rapid compensation of deficient elements, is easily applied both in
phenophases of growth and development as vegetative organs, and reproductive organs
phenophases (Fallahi and Eichert, .2013).
Aims.Rationale practice and refine the use of foliar fertilizer for fruit production in order to
obtain competitive market becomes an issue of great value to modern apple orchards.
Materials and Methods. Investigations were carried out in the years 2008-2013 with
varieties Florina grafted on rootstock M26. Nitrogen is used in the form of urea to 46%
(NH2)2CO in the respective concentration. Poly-feed used is 19:19:19 NPK fertilizer and trace
elements in the form of chelates Mg, Mn, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mo, with pH 5-6. Calcium is used in the
form of calcium chloride (CaCl2).
Results.Harvest fruits (30.4 to 38.8 t/ha).recorded the highest values in the trees with foliar
fertilizer where applicable solution of 46% urea 46% to (NH2) 2CO concentration of 0.5%
when 75% of flowers have fallen 0.8% - when the fruits have 10- 12 mm in diameter and
1.1% when fruits are 25-30 mm in diameter, respectively in a concentration of 0.6%, 0.9%,
1.2% (V4) filled with sprays of Poly-Feed (NPK 19: 19: 19 + Mg, Mn, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mo) at a
concentration of 0.1% when the fruit is mature and capable of calcium chloride (CaCl2) at a
concentration of 0.6% (V3) and 0.7% (V4) for 4 weeks prior to harvesting the fruit.
Conclusion. Knowing the growth of shoots and fruit bud deposit on vegetation phenological
phases is of great importance, whereas the effectiveness of foliar fertilization applied depends
largely and sometimes all of the time on assessing correctly the proper moment of spraying
and in close correlation with phenological phase by passing tree.
References
1. Fallahi E.; Eichert T. (2013).Principles and practices of foliar nutrients with an
emphasis on nitrogen and calcium sprays in apple. Journal HortTechnology Vol. 23
No.5: 542-547.
2. Stampar F.; Hudina M.; Usenik V.; Sturm K.; Veberic R.; Veber G. (2002).Experience
with foliar nutrition in apple orchard.Ljubljana, Slovenia. Journal Acta Horticulturae
No. 594: 547-552
3. Wojcik P., Szwonwk E., Slowinski A. (2005). Response of Jonagold apple trees to
foliar aplications of bee attractant and fertilizers. Plodovodstvo. T. 17(2): 116-118.
161
RESIZING ROAD LAYERS AT MAINTENANCE AND
REHABILITATION OF FOREST ROADS
Vasile BOGHIAN
Department of Forest Engineering, Forest Management Planning and Terrestrial Measurements.
Transilvania University of Brasov, Romania
Keywords. road, forest, maintenance, rehabilitation
Introduction. In Romania there are many forest roads damaged some even uncirculated.
Most of degraded forest roads have reached this stage mainly intense heavy traffic. To reduce
transportation costs of timber, was built vehicles that can transport large quantities of timber
(30-50 t) at one race. Forest roads in our country were not built for such traffic. Water also
had a very important role in degradation of forest roads that should be paid attention at the
rehabilitation of forest roads.
Aims. Determining the thickness of the layers road according to modulus of elasticity, the
hydrological regime of the area and the type of soil present in the area.
Materials and Methods. For this article were used scientific articles published in various
international journals or conferences proseeding, norms and various studies in the field forest
roads. Were analyzed articles regarding the modules of elasticity of road layers, devices with
which measurements have been performed as well as accomplishment of the works of soil and
water protection.
Results. Rehabilitation of forest roads adapted to the conditions of use. Achievement of
sustainable forest roads using cheaper materials. Performing permanent forest roads with
cement embankment and a layer of asphalt. Determining the thickness of the layers road.
Conclusion : The use of low cost materials to achieve the road layers. Achievement of
sustainable roads to be used throughout the year for the sustainable management of forests as
well as protection of forests, soil and water protection or in case of fire.
Acknowledgments. This paper is supported by Sectoral Operational Programme Human
Resources Development (SOP HRD), ID134378 financed from the European Social Fund and
by the Romanian Government.
162
RESEARCH ON THE BEHAVIOR OF SOME EGGPLANT
ROOTSTOCKS IN GRAFTING PROCESS
Marian BOGOESCU* and Madalina DOLTU
The Institute of Research and Development for Industrialization and Marketing
of Horticultural Products
*Corresponding author,e-mail: [email protected]
Keywords. quality, nematodes, soil-borne pathogens
Introduction.The grafting eggplants cultivars onto rootstocks that are resistant to the soilborne pathogens and nematodes is a method known for many years, but which have improved
and spread quickly in the last years(Bletsos et.al.,2003).
Aims. The objective of these researches was to evaluate the performance of some eggplant
rootstocks onto that were grafted Romanian and foreign varieties, in unheated greenhouses.
Materials and Methods. The Romanian eggplant hybrid “Andra F1” and Holland hybrid
“Sharapova F1”,were grafted onto the rootstocks “King Kong”,” Emperador”,” Hikyaku”,
“KA-312”,“Torvum vigor”and“Espina”.It was determined the influence of eggplants
rootstock on the marketable yield, early harvest, fruits quality and nutritional value. For each
pathogen agent, percent disease incidence (I%) and percent disease severity (S%) were
estimated. The resulted values were used to calculate the attack degree (as an expression of
extending attack seriousness) on the following formula: AD% =(S% x I %) /100, where AD%
represents attack degree. Presence of root galls induced by nematodes, were visually assessed
at the end of the trials on 50% of the plants harvested from the middle of the plots.
Results and Discution:The rootstocks which led to the recording of increased yield and
tolerance to the lower soil temperatures, as well as a character of earliness were Emperador,
King Kong and Hikyaku. The proportion of Class I fruit and nutritional value was
significantly higher to the grafted plants than to ungrafted control plants, but there was no
semnificatif difference between the rootstocks, concerning the nutritional value. The
frequency of damage to the plants of eggplants by the soil-born pathogen and nematode attack
was significantly reduced by grafting eggplant scions onto resistant rootstocks.
Conclusion.The rootstocks Emperador, King Kong and Hikyaku, led to increased marketable
yield, fruits quality, early harvest and nutritional value.”Torvum vigor” or “Emperador F1”
rootstocks reduced the frequency and severity of infection with the soil borne pathogens and
the nematodes attack.
References
1. Bletsos F., Thanassoulopoulos C. and Roupakias D. (2003). Effect of grafting on
growth, yield and Verticillium wilt of eggplant. HortScience 38:183-186.
163
RESEARCH ON THE QUALITY OF THREE WHITE WINE
VATIETIES IN TRANSYLVANIA, HARVEsT OF 2013-2014
Florin-Dumitru BORA1*, Tiberia-Ioana POP1, Claudiu-Ion BUNEA1, Anca-Cristina
BABEȘ1, Delia-Elena URCA1, Ștefania BALEA1, Daniela POPESCU2, Maria COMȘA2,
Maria ILIESCU2, Nastasia POP1*
1
Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca.
2
Research Station of Viticulture and Enology, Blaj, Romania.
*
Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected], [email protected]
Keywords. composition characteristics, grape varieties, quality, white wines.
Introduction. The wine quality is based on three factors which are globally referred to as the
”quality triangle”: the climate and the soil (affect the quality of the grape); the type of grape
(the varieties of vine–varietals); and the human factors, which include cultivation techniques,
production, preservation and aging methods (Marini et al., 2006).
Aims. The purpose of this paper is to present data on the composition characteristics of
quality white wines. The wines can be obtained from vine varieties commonly planted in
Transylvania from 2013-2014, in the new climate conditions due to global warming, which
increases the amount of useful temperatures during the growing season and the maturation of
the grapes.
Materials and Methods. The biological material used was represented by three grape
varieties: Fetească albă, Fetească regală and Italian Riesling, in four different areas: Baia
Mare, Șimleul Silvaniei, Turulung Vii and Blaj. Determinations were made for: alcohol, total
acidity C4H6O6, volatile acidity, pH, density, residual sugar, dry extract, non-reducing extract,
free SO2 and total SO2. Physico-chemical analyzes of young wine were performed at the
Oenology Laboratory of the Horticulture Faculty from USAMV Cluj-Napoca and the Central
Laboratory for Quality Control and Hygiene of Wine Valea Călugăreasca, Blaj Branch,
according to the ”Compendium of International Methods of Analysis of Wines and Must” of
the O.I.V. (2009) and the Romanian STAS.
Results. The values recorded both alcoholic strength and the total acidity is specific for the
three analysed varieties. The wines have a quite low antioxidant protection, the average level
of free SO2 being less than 50 mg/L (3.56–5.28 mg/L) at a level of total SO2 between 44.8052.52 mg/L. Wines are microbiologically stable and this is highlighted by low volatile acidity
values of 0.42 g/L CH3COOH in Italian Riesling or 0.65 g/L at Fetească albă, these values ar
below of the permissible limit of 1.08 g/L CH3COOH.
Conclusion. Based on these results, it can be stated that the wines produced are dry, fruity,
slightly acidic, yellow-green colored, and have a specific taste for each variety.
References
1. Marini F., Bucci R., Magri A.L., Magri A.D. (2006). Authentication of Italian CDO
wines by classmodeling techniques. Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems
84(1-2), 164-171, doi:10.1016/j.chemolab.2006.04.017.
164
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT GROWTH MEDIA TO THE NUTRIENT
CONTENT OF PRIMULA (Primula obconica)
Nuray ÇİÇEK ATİKMEN1*, Cihat KÜTÜK2, Gökhan ÇAYCI2, Abdullah BARAN2, H.
Hüseyin ÖZAYTEKİN3, Siyami KARACA4
1
Department of Landscape Architecture, Division of Plant Material and Cultivation, Çankırı
Karatekin University, Turkey.
2
Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Ankara University, Turkey
3
Department Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Selçuk University, Turkey
4
Department Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Yüzüncü Yıl University,Turkey
*
Keywords. 14C aging, Peat, plant growth medium, primula, physical and chemical features
Introduction. This study researched a previously unexamined Akgöl organic area. Formation
of organic material, conditions, the decomposition status and mineral material were analyzed
by using 14C age determination method at the organic area. Imported moss based peat and
domestic peat (Akgöl) were searched as a greenhouse plant growth medium.
Aims. For this purpose, five different growth media were prepared with imported peat and
Akgöl peat then some of their chemical and physical properties were determined.
Performance of media were tested with Primula (Primula obconica) in greenhouse conditions.
Materials: In this context, 5 different mixtures including imported peat and Akgöl peat were
prepared. Experiment by randomized block was established according to experiment design
with 5 replication. Akgöl peat with 14C aging determination technique was resulted that it
didn’t cause salinity problem. It was determined that media were inadequate of water soluble
P, K, Fe and Zn but other nutrients could be accepted in sufficient quantity. The quantity of
nutrients, except Mn and Cu, in the plants growth in the mentioned media were generally
found in desirable level.
Conclusion. Primula plants were grown successfully in all media. It was determined that
native Akgöl peat can be used as an alternative to imported peat for horticultural aims such as
production of ornamentals in greenhouse.
Acknowledgement. This study is a part of Nuray Çiçek Atikmen's Ph.D. thesis which has
been performed within TUBITAK's project (no: 105O459).
165
STUDIES ON WINE MATURATION USING DIFFERENT METHODS
Lucia Cintia COLIBABA1, Valeriu V. COTEA1*, Ana Maria MOROSANU1 and
Tudose-Sandu-Ville STEFAN1
Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Studies and Veterinary Medicine Iasi, Romania
*
Keywords. barrique, Feteasca neagra, maturation, oak chips
Introduction. Oak can have a profound effect on wine. Phenols within the wood interact to
produce vanilla type flavours and can give the impression of sweetness. The degree of "toast"
on the barrel can also impart different properties affecting the tannin levels as well as the
aggressive wood flavours.
Aims. The aim of this article is to establish the influence barriques and oak chips with
different levels of toasting have on the physical-chemical, chromatic and sensorial profile of
Feteasca neagra wines.
Materials and Methods. The used materials for analysis were Feteasca neagra wine samples
matured in barriques with different toasting degrees and with a mixture of toasted oak chips
(puissance and fruité) in stainless steel tanks.
Results. The alcoholic concentration of the analysed wine samples varies between 12-15%
vol., specific to the potential of the variety. The sensorial analysis showed that the barrique
influenced the increase of the wines’ astringency and persistency. The samples where oak
chips were used for maturation, the cherries and marmalade indices as well as coffee, are
increased.
The control sample, a Feteasca neagra wine that was not subjected to maturation through any
means, showed higher values regarding acidity and a hard mouth feel.
Due to the contact of oak and wine (Jacon et al., 2003), new compounds (vanillin) appear that
give the analysed sample a sweet taste, even if they are dry wines.
Anthocyans vary between 350 – 450 mg/L, the highest concentration being identified in
Fetească Neagră matured in barrique with light toasting (450,23 mg/L) while the lowest
concentration is registered in chips matured Feteasca Neagră (361,21 mg/L).
Conclusion. Both maturation methods exceeded expectations in influencing the wine’s
compositional and sensorial profile. The colour of the analysed wines changed considerably,
its color shifting from deep purple to a lighter brick-red.
References
1. Jacon V., Chatonnet P. (2003). La Barrique Choix Utilisation Entretien, Editeur Vigne
et Vin Publications Internationale, Bordeaux.
166
EARLINESs CHARACTERISTICS OF TULIPS COLLECTION IN
“Al. BORZA” BOTANICAL GARDEN CLUJ-NAPOCA
Mirela Irina CORDEA1* and Angela Doina PUI2
1
Faculty of Horticulture. University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine
Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
2
Al. Borza Botanical Garden Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
*
Keywords. earliness, flowering, tulip
Introduction. Tulips are considered the most beautiful flowers of spring, they comprise over
150 species, with about 5600 cultivars. The tulip collection in “Al. Borza” Botanical Garden
Cluj-Napoca is a traditional one, being created in 1920, when the botanical garden was
founded. In all these years the collection has been improved reaching today 141 cultivars and
two botanical species of tulips.
Aims. The present paper reveals the study of tulip collection in the environmental conditions
of “Al. Borza” Botanical Garden Cluj-Napoca, concerning two characteristics: earliness of
flowering and duration of flowering. Most cultivars are coming from Netherlands were
environmental conditions are different from Cluj-Napoca. Our objective it is to identify the
genetic sources for earliness and duration of flowering, which will be used in a breeding
program of tulips.
Materials and Methods. The observations were performed in the “Al. Borza” Botanical
Garden Cluj-Napoca tulip collection organized in 16 groups of cultivars, in the spring of
2015, concerning the date of beginning and end of flowering. These data allowed establishing
the earliness of flowering (no. of days from March 20, 2015) and duration of flowering. The
data have been interpreted with LDS test using the mean of cultivars as control. It was also
computed the correlation coefficient (r) between these two characteristics.
Results. Analyzing the earliness of flowering in the tulip collection of “Al. Borza” Botanical
Garden Cluj-Napoca, data showed that in the first four groups the majority of cultivars are
identical with the control, while in the 5-11 groups most of the cultivars registered superior
significant differences vs. the control. In the 12-14 groups the differences were very
significantly inferior as to the control. Regarding the duration of flowering, only 15 cultivars
registered significant superior/inferior differences as to the control. Most cultivars present
from significant to distinctly significant superior/inferior differences vs. the control
concerning this character. The correlation coefficient between the two studied characters
registered negative values only in group 3, Triumph tulips (-0.49oo) and 12, Kaufmanniana
tulips (-0.83o) while in the other groups are no significant correlations distinguished.
Conclusion. The present study on the tulip collection give the possibility to identify the
genetic sources for earliness and duration of flowering, very important characters for
decorative effect in spring.
References
1. Sestraş R., Mihalte L., Sestraş A., Bondrea I., Baciu A. (2007). The variability and heritability
of several traits at different cultivars of tulips. Bull. UASVM Cluj-Napoca (64).
2. Sovarel G. (2009). Research regarding the multiplication capacity of tulips (Tulipa sp.) under
different environmental conditions. Bull. UASVM Cluj-Napoca 66(1): 692.
3. Sovarel G. (2010). The stability of several traits of tulip genotypes studied in order to register
as new cultivars. Bull. UASVM Cluj-Napoca 67(1):520.
167
TREES, SHRUBS AND FOREST PHYTOCENOSIS AS ECOLOGICAL
AND GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATORS
Nicolae DONIŢĂ1, Dagmar VIŞOIU2, Ion CHISĂLIŢĂ2
1
2
The Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences “Gheorghe Siseşti”.
Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I of Romania”
from Timişoara.
*
Keywords. forest climate indicator, forest habitat indicator, shrub, tree
Introduction. There are few references concerning the ecological and geographical
indications of forestry trees and shrubs, although in dendrological literature their connections
with ecological factors are presented, and also exist ecological sheets (in fact geographicalecological sheets), for many species (Doniţă & Brad 2004; Şofletea & Curtu 2007; Neţoiu &
Vişoiu 2008). The capacity of trees, shrubs and as all green plants to indicate ecological
characteristics of soil and climate is conditioned by their tight but different adaptation to the
conditions which represent their life sources.
Aims. In order to put into evidence the value of forestry trees and shrubs as synthetic
indicators of the site, we analyzed two distinct situations: trees and shrubs as ecological
indicators of the quality of forestry sites; trees and shrubs, as well as groups built by them, as
geographical indicators of a certain climate.
Materials and Methods. The research method is based on bibliographic and consists in
collecting such information, as far as possible exhaustive, from as many sources as possible,
to ensure the achievement of all objectives.
Results. Productivity of forest species differ in the same site, while for some species the site
has a high quality, for others it may be of average quality. A similar situation is seen with
indicator flora, the same combination of herbaceous flora can indicate different classes of
production for different tree species. Productivity stands or species can be determined using
the tables of production. The wide variety of forest types is determined by various
environmental adaptation of species, species that have certain requirements for certain
climatic conditions.
Conclusion. We can be certain that the forest trees and shrubs represent important ecological
indicators of the site potential and also geographical indicators for phytoclimate from the
territory they have natural dispersion. Their area limit allows the delimitation of the
phytoclimates in geographical space.
References
1. Doniţă N. et al. (1980). Zonarea si regionarea ecologică a pădurilor Romaniei.
ICAS. Seria a II –a, Bucuresti. pp 11-54.
168
ANALYSIS OF MECHANICAL AND BIOLOGICAL STABILITY OF
VARIOUS TREES SPECIES DEPENDING ON LOCATION, AGED AND
WIND INTENSITY
Marius FETEA1 and Florin DOMNITA1
1
Department of Building Servicies. Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Keywords. loads, model, stability, tree, wind.
Introduction. The problems on stability analysis of tree species under stress require changes
in the current climate related interdisciplinary scientific approach. Current methods of
managing trees, including pruning and assessment of mechanical strength, are mainly based
on visual assessment or the experience of people such as trained arborists. Only limited data
are available to assess tree strength and stability in winds, and most recent methods have used
a static approach to estimate loads (Kenneth et al. 2006).
Aims. Establishing optimal species that can be used successfully requires a thorough
knowledge of the main characteristics related to climate, geographic location, physical and
mechanical characteristics of the wood. Choosing the best system for modeling of trees
species and methods of computation requirement is necessary and sufficient to solve the
problem and determining solutions as close to the exact solution.
Materials and Methods. The paper analyzes the mechanical and biological stability by
adopting mathematical models designed by the authors for canopy and structures (Niklas and
Spatz, 2000). For the structures properly studied species were adopting three shapes: cylinder,
cone and paraboloid, and for the canopy the model adopted. is the cone. The forces acting on
the trees are considered active forces (weight, force wind pressure), respectively passive
forces (radicelar system is assimilated with a foundation). Dynamic loads have been measured
on trees with different canopy shapes and branch structures. Considering the system of forces,
trees are subjected to shear bending, buckling and also the calculation is made for rollover
stability.
Results. The results obtained for the same parameters (location, age and wind pressure) for
trees species studied are compared to each other setting the optimal solution of choice forest
belts. The results depending on wind intensity, location and age of trees highlight the best
solutions on the choice of tree species for windbreaks.
Conclusion. In the present research work, we try to find the best solutions for windbreaks by
putting the problem by a mathematical form. The research work involves a very complex
study so for the stability calculation and for the bending trees and compression calculation to
obtain approximate results as close to the exact were used numerical methods.
References
1. Niklas K.J., Spatz H.-C. (2000). Wind-induced stresses in cherry trees: evidence
against the hypothesis of constant stress levels. Trees 14: 230-237.
2. Kenneth R. James, Nicholas Haritos and Peter K. Ades (2006). Mechanical
stability of trees under dynamic loads. American Journal of Botany. Am. J. Bot.
October 2006 vol. 93 no. 10 1522-1530.
3. Francisc Grudnicki (2004). Stabilitatea molizilor la actiunea vântului. Analele
Universitatii ,,Stefan cel Mare” Suceava, Sectiunea Silvicultura, Serie noua – nr.
1/2004.
169
ASPECTS REGARDING THE IN VITRO PROPAGATION OF
‘ROYAL GALA’ APPLE CULTIVAR
Alexandru FIRA, Manuela SIMU and Doina CLAPA*
In Vitro Culture Laboratory, Fruit Research Station Cluj, Horticultorilor 5, Cluj-Napoca, Romania,
Keywords. apple, ex vitro rooting, floating perlite
Introduction. Apple (Malus domestica Borkh) is propagated by grafting in specialized
nurseries. Additionally, research regarding apple in vitro propagation proves that this
propagation method could be applied to this species, in rootstocks as well as in graft material
(Dobránszky and da Silva, 2010).
Aims. The main goal of our research was to test the direct ex vitro rooting of ‘Royal Gala’
apple shoots by the floating perlite method, which is a radically new, simple and efficient
technique. Another objective was to increase the effectiveness of the in vitro multiplication
stage in apple cultivar ‘Royal Gala’ by using simple media, with low concentrations of
cytokinins and alternative, non-conventional gelling agents.
Materials and Methods. For the improvement of apple in vitro multiplication and ex vitro
rooting and acclimatization stages, experiments were carried out at the Research Institute
Nyiregyháza in Hungary as well as at the Fruit Research Station Cluj in Romania.
Results. Apple cultivar ‘Royal Gala’ was multiplied in vitro on starch-gelled MS media
supplemented with 0.7 mg/l BAP, which provided intense proliferation of axillary shoots. In
order to test the influence of gelling agents upon proliferation rate in this apple cultivar,
modified MS media were used, supplemented with 0.7 mg/l BAP and five types gelling
agents: fibrous agar, 6.8 g/l; Phytagel + starch, respectively 0.5 + 50 g/l; guar gum, 20 g/l;
Psyllium husk, 15 g/l; Phytagel at 2.2 g/l. The highest proliferation rate, 13.44 ± 1.22 was
obtained when gelling the media with the mixture of Phytagel + starch. By using ex vitro
rooting and acclimatization in floating perlite, the rooting percentages were between 99.45%
and 93.92%, depending on the culture media used in the multiplication stage, from which the
axillary shoots were harvested.
Conclusion. Our results show that both mT and BAP are growth regulators suitable for the in
vitro multiplication of apple cultivar ‘Royal Gala’. Among the alternative gelling agents we
tested, the mixture consisting of Phytagel at 0.5 g/l and wheat starch at 50 g/l gave the best
results regarding in vitro proliferation rate as well as the quality of the shoots that resulted.
Direct ex vitro rooting in floating perlite provided very good results.
170
THE EVALUATION OF THE BARK BEETLES POPULATIONS
ON SPRUCE LOGGING DEBRIS
Ciprian G. FORA1*, Karl F. LAUER1, Mihaela M. MOATĂR1 and Sorin STANCIU2
1
Department of Forestry. University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine
“Regele Mihai I al României” from Timişoara, Romania.
2
Department of Management. University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine
“Regele Mihai I al României” from Timişoara, Romania.
*
Keywords. bark beetles, debris, logging
Introduction. The spruce is one of the most important species contained in the forest stands
of Romania due to its spread, high value and multiple uses (Şofletea and Curtu, 2007).
Currently forest logging of spruce is done by clear cutting on surfaces which did not exceed 3
ha to limit the negative effects that may result from this practice (Chisăliţă et al., 2014). As a
result of logging, in felling area remains a number of logging debris which is favourable place
for bark beetles installation and development. From here, the resulting beetles can infest
nearby standing trees (Lobinger, 1994) creating, in many times, uncontrollable outbreaks
especially in restricted areas.
Aims. In this context, given the assumption that a number of bark beetles succeed to complete
their life cycle on logging debris, in our research we want to identify which species are, which
is the level of population of each species and their percentage of participation in population.
Knowledge of these elements may be an additional argument for the measure of removal from
forest and capitalization of logging debris to minimize the risk of attack standing trees.
Materials and Methods. To assess the diversity of bark beetles and quantitative appreciation
of the populations, samples of logging debris from different felling areas into buffer zone of
natural park Apuseni were taking out. Has been established 2 categories of samples, the first
category with middle diameter of 24 cm and 1 m length (thick parts), and second category
with middle diameter of 4 respectively 10 cm and 1 m length (thin parts). The infested
samples were then placed in eclectors and the beetles of them were captured.
Conclusion. The analysis of the captures showed a dominance of 7 species of bark beetles
and from all of them Ips typographus L., Pityogenes chalcographus L. and Hylurgops
palliatus had a participation rate of over 90%.
References
1. Chisăliţă I, Stanciu S, Ştefan C, Moatăr M, Fora C.G., Vişoiu D. (2014). Research on
the development of technical standards in logging process - a diagnostic analysis. Lucr
Ştinţifice. 14(3): 77-83.
2. Lobinger G. (1994). The air temperature as a limiting factor for the swarming of two
spruce bark beetles, Ips typographus L. and Pityogenes chalcographus L. (Col.,
Scolytidae). Anzeiger für Schädlingskunde, Pflanzenschutz, Umweltschutz 67(1):1417 (in German).
3. Şofletea N. and Curtu L. (2007). Dendrologie. Ed. Transilvania, Braşov. 419 pp.
171
EFFECT OF TWO DIFFERENT WAYS OF CULTIVATION OF BITTER
GOURD (Momordica charantia L.) ON THEIR SEED YIELD AND
QUALITY
Anna GAŁCZYŃSKA*1), Z. WEI.1), X.Y. ZHANG 1), E. KRÓL2), Z. KREJPCIO2),
Roman HOŁUBOWICZ1)
1)
Department of Plant Pathology, Seed Science and Technology, Seed Science and Technology
Division, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poland
2)
Department of Human Nutrition and Hygiene, Division of Food Hygiene and Toxicology, Faculty of
Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poland
Keywords. bitter melon, balsam pear, Chinese vegetables, Cucurbit vegetables
Introduction. Seed companies all over the world are constantly looking for new products
because no individual or seed company is able to monopolize the seed market. Moreover,
there is a fashion for functional food, i.e. food which is not only for eating, but also for curing
people. Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) is a cucurbit vegetable species well-known in
China, Japan and Korea for many thousand years. It has fruits of a very low content of sugar,
highly recommended for diabetic people. In the traditional Chinese medicine, the species has
been used also to cure other human diseases, e.g. some kinds of cancer. Bitter gourd has been
considered as a warm-season crop. The species comes from the subtropical and tropical areas
of the Southern Asia.
Aims. To obtain germinating seeds of bitter gourd in the climatic conditions of Poland, using
right way of cultivation.
Materials and Methods. Chinese hybrid cultivar Gedalü seeds were produced using two
different methods of cultivation: standing way (plants tied to the sticks) and laying one (plants
creeping on the ground). Plant measurements of selected morphological characters, seed yield
and quality as well as some chemical analyses of fruits were carried out.
Results. Both standing and creeping bitter gourd plants had the same size of leaves and
distance from the root to the first branches. Standing plants had lower number and shorter side
branches than the creeping ones. Creeping plants had higher seed yield than the standing ones.
The produced seeds germinated in 24.6-50%. If the plants were tied to the sticks, their fruits
ripened earlier than the creeping ones on the ground. The cultivation way affected the amount
of Fe, Ca, and Mg in fruits.
Conclusion. In the climatic conditions of Poland, it was possible to produce bitter gourd in
the field and set seeds.
References
1. Hołubowicz R., Xiong R., Liu Y. (2009). Bitter gourd and adzuki bean- rare in Europe
vegetables originated from China can be grown in Poland. Bull UASVM (Cluj) 66(12): 420-430;
2. KUMAR K.P.S and D. BHOWMIK (2010). Traditional Medicinal Uses and Therapeutic
Benefits of Momordica charantia L. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Review and Research 4 (3): 23-28;
3. MA D.X. and 100 other co-authors (2009). Chinese Vegetables. Breeding and
Production. The 2nd Edition. Chin. Agric. Publ. Co. Beijing, 687-690 (in Chinese).
172
EFFECT OF ORGANIC FERTILIZATION ON ROOT
CHARACTERISTICS AND CROP DEVELOPMENT OF TRADITIONAL
VARIETY OF VICIA FABA
Agapi GAVALAKI ˡ, Nikolaos KOUSTAS ˡ, Ioanna KAKABOUKI 2, Dimitrios
BILALIS ˡ*, Ilias TRAVLOS1, Fotini ANGELOPOULOU1, Xenophon KAPPAS2
1
Agricultural University of Athens, Faculty of Crop Science, Athens, Greece,
2
“Captain Vassilis Foundation”
*
Corresponding author, email: [email protected]
Keywords. Faba bean, plant growth, Arbuscular mycorrhizas (AM); Compost
Introduction. Faba bean (Vicia Faba L.) is one of the major leguminous crops grown in the
world.ˡ Compost is usually applied once at the beginning of a cropping plan and provides
fertilization to several crops.2 Based on available literature, it is clear that the application of
compost either has a positive or neutral effect on the formation of the symbiosis, and that dual
application of compost and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) provides clear benefits to
plants in terms of growth and nutrition. There is also emerging evidence that dual application
also provides benefits in terms of soil structure. 3
Aims. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential effects of organic
fertilization on root characteristics and crop development of Vicia faba.
One more purpose of this review is to explore interactions between compost and AM, with an
emphasis on the impacts of compost addition and formation and functioning of AM. Our
hypothesis was that the compost application may affect the AMF colonization of the crops.
Materials and Methods. A field experiment was conducted at Messhnia, to compare the
impacts of organic vs. conventional farming practices on yield, in common faba bean( Vicia
faba L.). The faba beans were shown on 14 January 2015. The compost was applied at the
rates of on the 14th January and it was dispersed over soil which was followed drip irrigation
method. The sampling date, for all plant was 40 days after sowing and AMF root colonization
was properly assessed. A randomized complete block design was employed with 4
replications per treatment. The treatments included weedy control and treated plots received
organic compost.
Results. The results of the present study indicated that in some cases there was a delay of the
plant growth in the control plots compared with the plots received organic compost.
Regarding the total root colonization this was lower for all the untreated plants.
Conclusion. Our results indicate that the organic compost could raise the plant growth and
the root system, respectively. Taken together, the biologically regulated nutrient supply
systems based on compost and AM are compatible.
References
1. Salih F.A., Ali A.M., Elmubarak A.A. (1986) Effect of phosphorus application and time
of harvest on the seed yield and quality of faba bean. FABIS Newsletter 15: pp. 32-35.
2. Martínez-Blancoa J., Rieradevalla J., Antónc A., Muñozc P. (2014), Multifuctionalitysolving approaches of compost application in crop rotation, Volume 64 pp:384-395.
3. Timothy R. Cavagnaro (2015), Chapter Five – Biologically Regulated Nutrient Supply
Systems: Compost and Arbuscular Mycorrhizas—A Review, Advances in Agronomy,
Volume 129 pp:293-321.
173
TROPHIC EVOLUTION OF SOUTHERN GREEN STINK BUGS
(NEZARA VIRIDULA L.) IN WESTERN PART OF ROMANIA
Ioana GROZEA1*, Ana Maria VIRTEIU1, Ramona STEF1, Alin CARABET1, Levente
MOLNAR1, Teodora FLORIAN2 and Mihai VLAD1
1
Department of Biology and Plant Protection, Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and
Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I of Romania” Timisoara, Romania;
2
Department of Environment and Plant Protection, University of Agricultural Science and Medicine
Veterinary Cluj Napoca
*
Keywords. host plants, invasive insect, Nezara viridula, polyphagous
Introduction. Nezara viridula L. (Hemiptera:Pentatomidae), popularly known as southern
green stink bugs, is a relative new invasive species in Europe, being native to warmer areas,
respectively African and Mediteranean areas. Global, is considered highly poliphagous,
species of solanaceous, legumes, cruciferous, malvaceous, grasses and other plants are
affected.
Aims. Considering that the insect which make the subject of this scientifically paper is a
species detected in our country but unregistered and un-localized as a dangerous species we
want to bring to attention potential spread and adaptation to new plant species, especially
legumes and ornamental plants.
Materials and Methods. Observations were made in Timis county in the western part of
Romania (Timis), during the years 2013 and 2014. It was taken under observation by three
types of plants (tomato crop, green space and fruit tree plantation). On tomatoes were
considered four varieties such as Oxheart, Costoluto Fiorentino, Sweet Baby and Black
Cherry, the last ones being cherry variety. During the vegetation period were made
observations on plants (two readings per month from June to October). Given the potential
food species (plants of over 30 botanical families) and the only one alert reference to the
country (in 2010, in Timisoara) our study was expanded in terms of area and plant surfaces.
Results. Direct observations on plants have shown that N. viridula affected all four varieties
of tomatoes, especially on fruits, both green and mature stage. Adults and larvae caused
damage equally on tomatoes crops. In green space only adults was observed on follow
ornamental plants: Syringa vulgaris, Lonicera japonica, Hibiscus sp. and Magnolia liliiflora.
Comparative study between Persica vulgaris and Prunus persica made in fruit tree plantation
has revealed that insect affected only the last one.
Conclusion. N. viridula is a dangerous species for Romania with high expansion potential on
new host plant and new surfaces.
174
THE STUDY OF A VARIETY OF CABBAGE CULTIVARS CREATED
AT SCDL IERNUT
Minerva HEITZ*, Lidia-Ioana CHIPER,
Janina-Claudia CĂPUŞAN, Al.-K HEITZ, Elena ŞTEFĂNESCU
Vegetable Research and Development Station Iernut, Mures county, România, www.scdliernut.ro
*
Keywords. Brassica oleracea , cabbage consumption , seed production
Introduction. In the research activity for diversification of Brassica oleracea L. variantes at
VRDS Iernut cultivars were created four valuable lines with different features.
Aims. The researches was conducted during 2009 - 2012, under the environmental conditions
of SCDL Iernut and include the study of a variety of autumn cabbage cultivars created at
SCDL Iernut, during three biological cycles "from seed to seed". Were determined the threeyear average duration of periods of vegetation and their phenophases, important
characteristics of each cultivar: size, variability and the correlation between them).
Materials and Methods. The four lines of autumn cabbage as well as Mocira variety ( were
created from a collection of population in Transylvania, through ameliorative selection. They
are distinguished by: earliness, head features (shape, weight, shape index), plant features from
the consumption stage (height, diameter, length of the loaf, color rosette of leaves etc),
growing season, production capacity for both head production and for seed production.
Results. Main features of cabbage cultivars, the average (2009/2012)
Cultivars
Specification
L-Poieniţa
L-Covasna L-Niraj
L-Mureş Mocira
Height plant (cm)
47,2
45,7
39,3
44,5
45,7
Rosette diameter(cm)
69,6
69,7
55,7
59,5
62,7
Longitudinal diameter of head
20,5
18,8
17,1
16,4
21,6
(cm)
Transversal diameter of head
16,2
16,6
15,6
22,2
14,1
(cm)
The weight of head (g)
2,6
2,7
2,6
1,9
3,2
External loaf(cm)
19,7
18,8
14,4
14,6
14,8
IF
0,8
0,7
1,1
1,3
0,7
Head production (t/ha)
104,0
108,7
92,5
102,2
114,2
Seeds production (g/ha)
27,6
23,9
22,6
20,7
25,6
Seeds production (kg/ha)
1135
954
897
834
1032
Conclusion. The highest production of consumption cabbage was achieved to Mocira variety,
and the lowest production of consumption cabbage was recorded to L- Mures that is best
suited to higher density because developed the less rosette of leaves. L-Poienita and LCovasna are best suited to mechanized harvesting of heads, having the highest external strain
of heads.The higher production, average on three years have seen to L-Poienita (1135 kg/he)
and to Mocira variety (1032 kg/ha).
References
1. Chiper L. (2014) PhD thesis USAMV Cluj-Napoca.
175
THE BEHAVIOR FOR SRC WILLOW INGER IN EXPERIMENTAL
TRIAL GHILAD, ROMANIA
Cornelia HERNEA1, Wilhelm HOLLERBACH2, Danut TRAVA2, Mihaela
CORNEANU1*
1
Department of Forestry. Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine ”Regele
Mihai I al României” from Timisoara, Romania
2
SC Rebina Agrar SRL, Ghilad, Romania
*
Keywords. biomass, biometric observation, SRC, willow
Introduction. Short Rotation Coppice (SRC) willow was developed in Sweden in 1970 and it
is cultivate for the production of wood chips. There is more than 14000 ha of SRC willow in
Sweden but in Romania there are not more than 800 hectares, half of them are in Banat area.
The most common used is willow INGER.
Aims. The use of bioenergy are increasing in many European country and an important role
will be played by biomass produced in willow SRC. In this context assessing the biomass
yield in different experimental trial are very important.
Materials and Methods. Researches have been made in three SRC willow experimental
trials established in Ghilad, Timis County, Romania. The material consist in willow INGER.
All three trails have been established in the year 2011. The aboveground biomass was
harvested in different years, annual in first trial (2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014), for three time in
2011, 2012 and 2013 in the second trial and for two time 2011 and 2012 in the third ones.
Measurements were made on 15 plants at the end of the 2014 season. The diameter at 1m
from root collar was measure with an electronic caliper, and the number of shoots/plant were
counted. One plant from each experimental trial has been harvested and then weight in order
to establish their aboveground and underground biomass. Statistical analyses have been done
by STATISTICA 10 software.
Results. Researches highlight significant differences according with number of shoots per
stump and shoot diameter. There also have been determined the aboveground and
underground biomass for willows and relations between them.
Conclusion. In the present research work, we made a screening about biometric characteristic
diameter and number of shoots for SRC willow INGER. We also put in evidence the
differences between the aboveground and underground biomass for different age willow.
176
INCREASING THE GENETIC BASE OF MODERN CULTIVARS OF
EGGPLANT OF THE SEMI-LONG BLACK TYPE
Maria HURTADO, Santiago VILANOVA, Pietro GRAMAZIO, Mariola PLAZAS,
Isabel ANDÚJAR, Francisco Javier HERRAIZ, and Jaime PROHENS1*
1
Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana. Universitat Politècnica de
València, Spain.
*
Keywords. genepool, genetic base, pedigree breeding, Solanum melongena, SSR
Introduction. The eggplant (Solanum muricatum Aiton) semi-long black varietal type is the
most important in most European markets. Although open pollinated, pure lines and F1
hybrid cultivars exist within this varietal group, the latter predominate in the commercial
production of eggplants, especially under greenhouse conditions. However, molecular
markers studies have found that modern F1 hybrids present a reduced genetic base (MuñozFalcón et al., 2009). On the other hand, it has been found that heterosis for yield traits can be
obtained by selecting parents situated at high genetic distance (Rodríguez-Burruezo et al.,
2008).
Aims. This work is aimed at using a wide diversity of black eggplants for developing pure
lines for obtaining hybrids heterotic for yield and increasing the genetic base of the black
eggplants genepool.
Materials and Methods. Thirty hybrid and non-hybrids varieties of black eggplants were
used. Materials were characterized for morphological and agronomic traits of interest under
greenhouse conditions. Molecular characterization was also performed using 16 SSR markers.
Selected parents were crossed to obtain F1 or pseudo F1 generations and pedigree selection
was made based on morphoagronomic traits until the F6 or F7 generations.
Results. Morphological and molecular analysis revealed that original materials could be
separated in two groups, one made up by varieties from large companies and another one
from small and medium companies. The pedigree selection made allowed the final selection
of 15 lines, which according to its origin, should have an increased genetic diversity
compared to modern F1 hybrids. These lines, which present a very good performance under
greenhouse conditions have been crossed in order to obtain hybrids heterotic for yield.
Conclusion. The methodology used, based in the use of molecular markers to select parents
that represent an extended diversity compared to modern varieties combined with pedigree
breeding has allowed developing phenotypically excellent lines which will be used to obtain a
new generation of eggplant F1 hybrids with increased genetic base.
References
1. Muñoz-Falcón J.E., Prohens J., Vilanova S. and Nuez F. (2009). Diversity in
commercial varieties and landraces of black eggplants and implications for broadening
the breeders’ gene pool. Annals of Applied Biology 154: 453-465.
2. Rodríguez-Burruezo A., Prohens J., and Nuez F. (2008). Performance of hybrids
between local varieties of eggplant (Solanum melongena) and its relation to the mean
of parents and to morphological and genetic distances among parents. European
Journal of Horticultural Science 73: 76-83.
177
STUDY ON THE INFLUENCE OF WATERING RATE AND THE TYPE
OF SUBSTRATE ON THE PRODUCTION OF TOMATOES GROWN IN
THE GREENHOUSE IN UNCONVENTIONAL SYSTEM
Ionuț Ovidiu JERCA1, Sorin Mihai CÎMPEANU2 Elena Maria DRĂGHICI3
1
University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 59 Mărăşti Blvd, District 1,
011464, Bucharest, Romania, Phone: +4021.318.25.64, Fax: + 4021.318.25.67.
*
Keywords. Substrate, tomato, watering rate.
Introduction. The culture of tomatoes has an important place in greenhouses, and water
consumption is one of the factors to be taken into account in the context of it’s savings.The
growing medium used in container culture must have good nutrient- and water-holding
characteristics, and provide good aeration to the root system. Soilless culture is an effective
tool to increase crop yield and, if closed irrigation systems are adopted, to reduce the
environmental impact of greenhouses and nurseries (Pardossi et all, 2011). Reduction in fruit
yields and/or physiological disorders, such as blossom - end rot, caused by the unbalanced
nutrient solution of the wastewater effluents, could be corrected merely by adjusting the
concentration of nutrients. Thus, reusing treated wastewater effluents may have positive
effects on saving ordinary irrigation water and commercial fertilizers as well as preserving the
environment from the nutrients that cause eutrophication (Traka-Mavrona et all, 1998).
Aims. The study followed the influence of irrigation rate on early and total yields of tomatoes
grown in non-conventional system, on different types of substrate. Purpose of the study was
to recommend variant with lowest cost for irrigation rate an early and total production more
efficient
Materials and Methods. The study was carried out in the greenhouse, using the biological
material hybrid Cindel, grown on three types of substrate (perlite, mineral wool, jiffy). We
applied three irrigation rate and have been carried out on biometry measurements dynamic
plant growth, inflorescence formation. Has been registered early and total production for each
variant of substrate and irrigation rate
Results. The results obtained have shown differences between variants regarding early
production as and the total quantity harvested in relation to irrigation rate Early production
may have been obtain from variants of tomatoes grown on substrate of perlite to which I have
applied an average dose of nutrient solution
Conclusion. In this study we demonstrated that the application of an effective irrigation rate
we have obtained early productions and all of them of quality.
References
1. Pardossi A., Carmassi G., Diara C., Incrocci L., Maggini R., Massa D. (2011).
Fertigation and Substrate Management in Closed Soilless Culture, Project Efficient
use of imputs in protected horticulture, KBBE-2007-1-2-04, Dipartimento di Biologia
delle Piante Agrarie, Università di Pisa, Pisa.
2. Traka-Mavrona E.K., Maloupa E., Papadopoulos F. and Papadopoulos A. (1998).
Response Of Greenhouse Tomatoes To Wastewater Fertigation In Soilless Cultivation.
Acta Hortic. (Ishs) 458:411-416
3. Http://Www.Actahort.Org/Books/458/458_54.Htm
178
INFLUENCE OF PULSED ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD ON PLANT
GROWTH, NUTRIENT ABSORPTION AND YIELD OF DURUM
WHEAT
Nikolaos KATSENIOS1, Victor KAVVADIAS1, Sideris THEOCHAROPOULOS1,
Dimitrios BILALIS2*, Zaharias IOANNOU1, Antonios PAPADOPOULOS1 and
Nektaria LIAKOPOULOU1
1
Hellenic Agricultural Organization-Demeter, Institute of Soil and Water Resources, Department of
Soil Science of Athens, Lycovrissi, Greece.
2
Agricultural University of Athens, Laboratory of Agronomy, Iera Odos 75, Athens, Greece.
Keywords. durum wheat, growth, magnetic field, soil analysis, tissue analysis
Introduction. Researchers have adopted the use of magnetic field as a new pre-sowing,
environmental friendly technique. Enhancements on plant characteristics with economic
impact on producer’s income could be the future of a modern, organic, and sustainable
agriculture (Bilalis et al., 2012).
Aims. The aim of this study was to evaluate the positive effect of magnetic field pre-sowing
treatment in a wide range of plant measurements, from the early stages of growth till yield.
Materials and Methods. A field experiments was established at Soil Science Institute of
Athens, Lycovrissi, Greece, in the winter of 2014. Two durum wheat cultivars were used. It
was a pot experiment with 6 treatments (2 cultivars * 3 magnetic field time exposure). The
seeds were treated using a PAPIMI electromagnetic field generator for 0, 30 and 45 minutes
one day before planting. The experiment followed a completely randomized design with six
treatments and 30 replications.
Results. The influence of pulsed electromagnetic field on two varieties of durum wheat seeds
showed some statistically significant differences at the 0.05 level in growth measurements,
physiological measurements and root growth measurements. Soil analysis and plant tissue
analysis showed an improvement of chemical elements accumulation in magnetic field treated
plants, although values showed no statistically significant differences.
Conclusion. Our results indicate that this innovative technique can increase the yield of
durum wheat, through enhanced absorption of nutrients. Pre-sowing treatment of seeds leads
to vigorous plants that are more productive.
References
1. Bilalis D., Katsenios N., Efthimiadou A., Karkanis A. (2012). Pulsed electromagnetic
field: an organic compatible method to promote plant growth and yield in two corn
types. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 31(4): 333-343.
Acknowledgments. This research project is funded under the Action “Research &
Technology Development Innovation projects (AgroETAK)”, MIS 453350, in the framework
of the Operational Program “Human Resources Development”. It is co-funded by the
European Social Fund and by National Resources through the National Strategic Reference
Framework 2007-2013 (NSRF 2007-2013) coordinated by the Hellenic Agricultural
Organisation "DEMETER" (Department of Soil Science of Athens / Scientific supervisor: Dr
Victor Kavvadias).
179
EFFECT OF BIOREGULATORS ON CHLOROPHYLL CONTENT OF
ANNUAL POTPLANTS
Szilvia KISVARGA1*, Ildikó KOHUT1, Andrea TILLY-MÁNDY1
1
Corvinus University of Budapest, Department of Floriculture and Dendrology
*
Keywords. annual, bioregulator, chlorophyll, pot plant, retardant
Introduction. During our experiment the effect of CCC, Caramba, Cultar, Regalis and
Toprex bioregulators were examined on some annual ornamental species. These are
fungicides with retardant side effect. The species used for the experiment were Coreopsis
grandiflora, Godetia grandifolra, Scabiosa atropurpurea and Matthiola incana.
Aims. The aim of this work was to produce marketable, bushy habitat annual plants as
flowering pot plants with the use of retardants. The experiment was carried out from April to
September 2013, plants were treated beweekly.
Materials and Methods. We found that all the treatments had effect on the plants but the
result depended on the species. In the case of Coreopsis grandiflora the best dwarfing effect
was obtained with Regalis 0,25% and Caramba at 0,05% concentration, the maximum shorten
rate was 50%.
Results. In the case of the other examined species intensive retardant effect was observed
with the spray of Cultar, Toprex or Caramba. Best results were obtained by the treatment of
Matthiola incana. In the case of Scabiosa atropurpurea the chlorophyll content of leaves did
not reduce significantly due to Regalis WG compared to the Control (1282,9 µg/g) values.
Toprex (1021,6 µg/g) and the CCC (1156,9 µg/g) significantly decreased the chlorophyll
content comparing to the Control group, but these values are not differ significantly to the
values, which are generated during the measurement with Regalis WG. The lowest
chlorophyll contents were measured by Cultar (937,6 µg/g) and Caramba SL (887,3 µg/g).
Conclusion. The chlorophyll content of two plant species was measured: Scabiosa
atropurpurea and Matthiola incana. The chlorophyll content of the leaves was reduced by
using growth retardants. The rate of decrease depended on the regulator type and the plant
species. By cultivation for market is mandatory to do trial management before use.
References
1. Basra A.S. (ed.) (2000). Plant Growth Regulators in Agriculture and Horticulture.
Food Product Press Inc. New York, London. 89-130.
2. Ruttensperger U., Koch R. (2005). Sparrige Angelonien mit Hemmstoffen kompakt
halten. Gärtnerbörse. 1: 34-35.
3. Shannon L.M., Kay E., Lew J.R. (1966). Peroxidase Isozymes from Horseradish
Roots. J. Biological Chemistry. 241(9): 2166-2172.
180
PAK CHOY RESPONSE TO SEVERAL FERTILIZATION AND
IRRIGATION TREATMENTS IN ECOLOGICAL FARMING SYSTEM
Enikő LACZI*, Emil LUCA, Adelina DUMITRAŞ, Alexandru APAHIDEAN and
Păuniţa BOANCĂ
Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca
*Corresponding author, email: [email protected]
Keywords. Brassica campestris, field crop, manure
Introduction. Pak choy (Brassica campestris var. chinensis (L.) Hanelt) is a very appreciated
leafy vegetable. The typical pak choy has smooth, shiny rounded leaves, pale or dark green in
color (Larkcom, 2003). It is a quick maturing plant which can be harvested 30 to 45 days after
planting (Palada and Crossman, 1999; Dixon, 2007).
Aims. The aim of the present research was to improve the cultivation technology of pach
choy in an ecological cropping system and to determine the influence of irrigation and
fertilization on growth and development of this vegetable in the pedo-climatic conditions of
Transylvanian Tableland.
Materials and Methods. Studies were carried out in Cluj-Napoca in 2014, and involved a
polifactorial experiment with the following factors and their graduations: the irrigation regime
(half of the plants being irrigated), fertilization with organic fertilizers (biofertilizers and three
types of manure) and three hybrids (Red F1, Hanakan F1 and Mei Qing Choi F1).
Results. Results showed that all hybrids were significantly influenced both by irrigation and
fertilization, best result were obtain when plants beneficiated by a larger amount of water.
Regarding fertilization, cattle and horse manure application conducted to a higher yield. At
unfertilized plants, which were not irrigated the harvest occurred several days after the
fertilized ones, underlining again the importance of the two factors. Unirrigated plants showed
also a higher tendency to bolt.
Conclusion. To obtain earlier yields of a high quality in ecological cropping system it is
important to take into consideration the use of organic fertilizers, in special composted
manures from different animal species. It has been also demonstrated that irrigation is an
important link regarding the success of leafy vegetables crops, extra water applying leading to
a higher quality of the final product.
References
1. Dixon G.R. (2007). Vegetables and related crucifers. Colums design Ltd. Reading,
UK.
2. Larcom J. (2008). Oriental vegetables. Kodansha International Ltd. Tokyo.
3. Palada M.C. and Crossman S.M.A. (1999). Evaluation of tropical leaf vegetables
in the Virgin Islands, perspectives on new crops and new uses. ASHS Press.
Alexandria, VA.
181
IN VITRO PROPAGATION OF FRUIT VARIETIES AND
ROOTSTOCKS IN EUROPE: AN OVERVIEW ON COMMERCIAL
PRODUCTION, RESEARCH AND FUTURE PROSPECTS
Maurizio LAMBARDI*
IVALSA/Trees and Timber Institute,
National Research Council (CNR),Firenze, Italy
*
Keywords. fruit trees, micropropagation, rootstocks, tissue culture
Introduction. In vitro propagation (micropropagation) of horticultural crops is a reliable
technology applied commercially worldwide, which allows large-scale plant multiplication,
production, and supply of selected plants. In Italy, for instance, about 30 million plants
(mainly fruit trees and rootstocks) are produced annually by micropropagation. Other
European countries, such as Holland, Belgium, Germany have high productions of
micropropagated plants, mainly for gardening and cut flowers. Micropropagation, however, is
highly labour oriented and, for that reason, outsourcing of plant multiplication activities is
shifting today to European countries having a lower production cost. Even more worrying is
the strong competition of micropropagated plants coming from companies of emerging nonEuropean countries, such as India, Egypt, China and Argentina, where the very low labour
cost allows very cheap nursery productions. The problem is particularly felt in countries, such
as Italy, producing mainly fruit trees and rootstocks where the margin of profit is generally
very limited.
Aims. The great potential of micropropagation for large-scale plant multiplication can be
tapped by cutting down the cost of production per plant by applying low-cost tissue culture,
adopting practices and optimizing use of equipment and resources to reduce the unit cost of
micropropagule and plant production without compromising the quality. Furthermore, the
development and rapid multiplication of new selected cultivars are required to meet the
demand of consumers all year round.
Results. The scientific activity carried out in research laboratories and Institutions has
recently produced important outcomes, not only in the optimization of micropropagation
protocols for many economically-important species, but also in the development of innovative
in vitro techniques, such as the liquid culture in temporary immersion system and the ex vitro
rooting and acclimatization of plants.
Conclusion. Today the attention is directed towards the modernization of laboratory
equipment, the efficient conservation of shoot cultures in slow growth storage, aimed to
increase the laboratory offer of species and cultivars, and the improvement of productions in
terms of genetic and sanitary conditions. However, such an important innovation often faces
difficulties in moving outside research institutions and reaching commercial laboratories.
182
CLUSTERING DIPLOTAXIS TENUIFOLIA ACCESSIONS BASED ON
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE TRAITS
Simona Laura LAZAR1*, Mihai Lucian LUNG1, Oana CIUZAN1, Mihai LAZAR and
Doru PAMFIL
1
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca,
*
Keywords. Diplotaxis tenuifolia, PCA, quantitative traits, qualitative traits
Introduction. Diplotaxis tenuifolia is known as a fourth generation vegetable with lots of
health benefits in human consumption. Taking into account this increased interest for this
plant, many seed banks are eager to gather as much accessions as possible. In order to do so,
the cultivars need to be characterised from the phenotypic point of view.
Aims. .In these studies we try to use the principal component analysis in order to cluster the
eight wild and cultured Diplotaxis tenuifolia accessions.
Materials and Methods. We used biological material obtained from different seed
provenience, public and private seed collections. The quantitative traits were measured
specifically and the qualitative traits were assessed according to UPOV directions regarding
the rocket.
Results. Differentiation cultivars were made based on standardized values Z, because the
characters were considered different units of measure. The ranking was made using the
quadratic Euclidean distance similarity measure. Splitting the cultivars into five groups,
reveal phylogenetic distance that exists between the accessions of this species. The varieties
1T, 2T and 5T, which are commercial varieties, are in the same group with accession 16T,
which is wild accession. A possible explanation for this group could be that this accession
would have a common ancestor. The cultivar 17T was definitely separated from the other
accessions studied.
Conclusion. Principal component analysis is a good statistical toot in assessing the plants
variability.
Acknowledgement. Lazar S-L. was supported by European Social Fund, Human Resources
Development Operational Programme 2007-2013, project no. POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
183
ANTHOCYANINS PROFILES OF SOME NATIVE ROMANIAN
GRAPES VARIETIES AND EXPLORATORY ANALYSIS BY
PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS
Mihai Lucian LUNG1*, Simona Laura LAZAR1, Oana CIUZAN1, Nastasia POP1, Doru
PAMFIL1 and Luca ROLLE2
1
2
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca,
University of Turin, Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari, Italy.
*
Keywords. Vitis, Romanian grapes, anthocyanin profile, Principal Component Analysis.
Introduction. The concentration of anthocyanins in the grape depends on various factors:
environmental factors such as light exposure and temperature, soil conditions, vine water
status and cultural practices. At the same time, anthocyanin profile is a varietal characteristic
and is independent of environmental conditions, as good chemical marker for red grape
varieties classification.
Aims. The multivariate method of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to evaluate
differences amongst the grapes varieties using the anthocyanic profile.
Materials and Methods. This paper reports a study of the anthocyanic fraction in berry skins
of three native Romanian grape varieties (Fetească regală, Napoca and Someşan) and two
international grape varieties (Pinot noir and Muscat Hamburg), from different growing zones
(Cluj-Napoca,Timişoara and Mica) and in different phenophases (maturity and veraison).
Spectrophotometric methods were used to determine absorbance at 280 nm (1/kg berries, as
A280) and total anthocyanins index (mg malvidin-3-O-glucoside chloride/kg berries or g
skins, as TAI). Anthocyanin profile was determined using HPLC–DAD–MS.
Results. The first three Principal Components (PC) accounted for about 82.51% of the total
variance. Samples of V. vinifera were separated on varieties into four groups, regardless of the
area of culture or phenophase. As differences between species, we found a higher
concentration of delphinidin-3-Oacetylglucoside in Fetească neagră, malvidin-3-Ocaffeoylglucoside in Pinot noir and Malvidin-3-O-acetylglucoside in Muscat Hamburg,
Someșan and Napoca.
Conclusion. Seventeen anthocyanins were identified by HPLC–DAD–MS in grapes from five
varieties in two phenophases. By means of Principal Component Analysis, it was possible to
see clearly clustering of data separating the grapes varieties.
Acknowledgement. Lung M. was supported by European Social Fund, Human Resources
Development Operational Programme 2007-2013, project no. POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
184
RIBES NIGRUM L. – A VALUABLE SPECIES SUITABLE FOR THE
BUCHAREST AREA
Carmen MANOLE1*, Maria PARASCHIV1, Manuela SIDOROFF1, Valerica TUDOR2
and Luminita TCACENCO1
1
The National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences Bucharest, Romania.
2
University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Bucharest Romania.
*
Keywords. bioactive compounds, fruits, phenological stages, varieties
Introduction. Current studies have demonstrated that Ribes nigrum L. extracts have a wide
range of compounds with biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-microbial, anticancer activities, improvement of visual acuity and neuroprotective effect (Stoica R. et al.,
2013).
Aims. The aim of this paper was to identify the maturity stages in which the accumulation of
health promoting compounds reaches the maximum values for each variety of Ribes nigrum
L. species taken in the study in the Bucharest area.
Materials and Methods. The fruits from Kzvana, Deea, Elita 124, Tinker, Roxia, and
Abanos varieties, were collected in the following phenological stages: early fistfruits (SI),
advanced firstfruit (SII), harvesting maturity (SIII), and consumption maturity (SIV). The
smashed fruits and an ethanolic solution was added and subjected to extraction. Total
phenolic content (TPC) expressed as gallic acid equivalent (GAE), total flavonoid content
(TFC) expressed as rutin equivalet (RE), and free radical scavenging activity expressed as
percent inhibition (I%) of extracts, were determined.
Results. The genotypes differed considerably in their phenolic content during the maturity
process. Thus, the maximum accumulation of TPC was achieved by Kzvana and Elita 124
varieties in SIII stage with 7.36 ± 0.06 and 6.66 ± 0.05 mM GAE/ml extract. As well as these
were both Roxia and Abanos varieties with the highest values of TPC 7.06 ± 0.19 and 4.33 ±
0.27 mM GAE/ml extract. Among all the varieties, Roxia registered the best accumulation of
all, in S I stage with the value 8.06 ± 0.18 mM GAE/ml extract. TFC ranged between 1.02 and
1.24 mM RE/mL extract, in the following order: Roxia > Kzvana > Abanos > Elita 124, all in
S IV stage. With regard to Tinker and Deea varieties, significant values of TFC were achieved
in S II and S I stages.
Conclusion. From agronomic point of view, the varieties studied are suitable for climatic
conditions similar to those of the Bucharest area. With regard to the accumulation of health
promoting compounds, it is influenced both by genotype and the phenophases of maturation.
References
1. Stoica R., Senin R.M., Ion R.M. (2013). Ethanol Concentration Effect on the
Extraction of Phenolic Compounds from Ribes nigrum Assessed by
Spectrophotometric and HPLC-DAD Methods. Revista de Chimie Bucuresti, vol. 64,
no. 6, p. 620-624.
185
RESEARCH REGARDING THE BEHAVIOR OF SOME TOMATO
LANDRACES TO CULTIVATION UNDER TUNNEL CONDITIONS
Veronica MAXIM1, Dănuţ Nicolae MĂNIUŢIU1*, Rodica SIMA1, Aurel MAXIM1 and
Ioan Ovidiu MAXIM1
1
Department of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinarz Medicine, ClujNapoca, Romania
*
Keywords. landrace, Lycopersicum esculentum, tunnel
Introduction. Taking into consideration the nutritive importance of tomatoes as well as of the
tomato landraces the research approaches the behavior of some old varieties of tomato
cultivated under tunnel conditions.
Aims. Within the trial was observed the behavior of three Romanian tomato landraces and of
a standard variety to the cultivation under tunnel conditions and to two organic fertilizers
applied over the vegetation period.
Materials and Methods. As biological material were used three Transylvanian tomato
landraces from two different counties (Sălaj and Alba) – SJ 370, SJ 373 and AB 343. The
standard was a French variety named Saint Pierre. The organic fertilizers used in the trial
were Vinasse and OPF.
Results. SJ 370 and AB 343 have branched clusters with a high mean number of flowers
while SJ 373 and Saint Pierre have simple clusters with a lower number of flowers. AB 343
was the earliest landrace achieving until the end of July between 42.6 and 49.4% of the total
yield. The highest total yield was obtained by SJ 370 fertilized with OPF that reached the
value of 17.68 kg/m2. The fruits morpho-anatomical features weren’t significant modified by
fertilization.
Conclusion. SJ 370 fertilized during the vegetation period with OPF obtains the best yield
results ensuring, in the same time, a product with high marketable and taste qualities.
References
1. Gagnon B., Berrouard S. (1993). Effectes of several organic fertilzers on growth of
greenhouse tomato transplants, Can. J. Plant Sci., Short Communication;
2. Georgios C.P., Ehaliotis C.D., Kawadias V.A. (2007). Effect of organic and inorganic
fertilizers applied during successive crop season on growth and nitrate accumultation
in lettuce, Sciencia Horticulture, 111 (4), pp. 319-325;
3. Herencia J.F.,. Ruiz-Porras J.C, Merelo S., Garcia-Galavis P.A., Morillo E., Maqueda
C., (2006). Comparison between organic and mineral fertilization for soil fertility
levels, crop macronutrient concentrations and yield, American Society of Agronomy;
186
VASCULAR PLANTS THAT ARE HOSTS FOR THE PESTS IN THE
OTĂSĂU RIVER BASIN, OLTENIA, ROMANIA
Ion MITREA, Nicolae Cristian FOTA
Department: Horticulture and Food Science
*
Keywords. Otăsău Basin, pests, plants.
Introduction. The area being studied is situated in the sub – Carpathian basin of Oltenia and
it belongs to Vâlcea County, from an administrative point of view.
The whole surface under study is situated on both sides of the Otăsău river, an affluent of the
Bistriţa river, which flows into the Olt river in Băbeni.It springs from under Piatra Mountain
(1581 m) and it gathers the waters from the southern mountain sides of Alba and Piatra
Mountains (Căpăţânii mountain range).
The disposition of the relief in stairs, the orientation of the sub – Carpathian mountain peaks, the
aspect of the valleys and depressions, the presence of meadows along the Otăsău river, the
geomorphological features of all relief forms, etc. show a well - marked variety of the relief.
Sporadic flora and vegetation data from the Otăsău river basin are mentioned in a few works
written by Buia & Păun, 1956; Popescu Gh., 1974; & al.and Popescu & al., 2003. All this
research work regarded the mountain area.
Materials and Methods. Like in any research of this type, the first step was the consulting of
literature. Starting from the literature data, there have been made a lot of travel in different
locations and vegetation period to observe all the necessary characters for a correct
determination. The authors’ abbreviations were done after Brummitt & Powell (1992).
Results. For this paper numerous field research trips have been undertaken in order to make a
complete florist inventory. Some identified species are hosts for animal pests. Among the
most common situations in the Otăsău river basin, we mention: Hyphantria cunea L. on Morus
alba; Eriophyes tristriatus Nalepa on Juglans regia L.; Agrolimax agrestis L. on Atriplex
hortensis; Myzodes persicae Sulzer; Anarsia lineatella L. on Persica vulgaris; Myzus cerasi L.;
Rhagoletis cerasi L. on Cerasus vulgaris; Myzus cerasi; Rhagoletis cerasi on Cerasus avium
L.; Anthonomus rubi Herbst.; Myzus fragariae Theob; Epicometis hirta L.; Melolontha
melolontha L.; Agriotes spp. L. pe Fragaria ananassa Duchesne; Aphis pomi de Geer;
Anthonomus pomorum L.; Epicometis hirta L.; Cydia pomonella L. on Malus domestica;
Hyalopterus pruni Geoffroy; Quadraspisiotus perniciosus; Cetonia aurata L. on Prunus
cerasifera; Hyalopterus pruni Geoffroy; Epicometis hirta L.; Cydia funebrana L.; Eurytoma
schreineri Schr. on Prunus domestica; Eriophyes vitis L, Lobesia botrana Den & Schiff; Clysia
ambiguella Hb. on Vitis vinifera; Graphosoma lineatum L.; Grillotalpa grillotalpa L.;
Graphosoma lineatum L. and Scolia flavifrons L.; Xilocopa violaceae L. on Bellis perennis.
Conclusion. Identification of many pests in this territory shows the floristic diversity of the
basin. Greater frequency was recorded at the main crops grown by the natives of this part of
the country.
References
1. Ciocârlan V. (2009). Flora ilustrată a României. Pteridophyta et Spermatophyta. Edit. Ceres,
Bucureşti, 1141 pag.
2. Sârbu I., Ştefan N and Oprea A. (2013). Plante vasculare din România. Determinator ilustrat
de teren. Edit. VictorBVictor, Bucureşti, 1320 pag.
3. Stănoiu I., Năstase A. (1998). Insecte din Romania, Edit. Dova, Craiova, 456 pag.
187
CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING THE INFLUENCE OF SOME
PREFERMENTATIVE TREATMENTS ON COMPOSITIONAL AND
ORGANOLEPTIC FEATURES OF FETEASCĂ ALBĂ WINES
Ana- Maria MOROŞANU1*, Cintia COLIBABA1, Marius NICULAUA2, Bogdan C-tin
NECHITA1, Cătălin ZAMFIR1, Alexandru C. TARTIAN1 and Valeriu V. COTEA1
1
2
Oenological Research Center- Romanian Academy- Iasi Branch
Keywords. Fetească albă, prefermentative treatments, physical-chemical &sensorial analysis
Introduction. Wine is a result of the conditions offered by pedoclimatic conditions and the
different treatments applied by winemakers in the wine making process. In modern wine-making,
besides the grape processing technology, the treatments applied to the must before fermentation
also have an important role in deciding the wine's quality (Ribéreau- Gayon et al., 2006a).
Aims. The main objective of the present study is to evaluate the influence of pre fermentative
treatments on the physical- chemical and chromatic features on the analyzed wines, and to
observe differences on the sensory level.
Materials and Methods. Six experimental samples were obtained: FA V0- control sample (no
pre fermentative treatments), FA V1 (pectinase and β- glucosidase treatment), FA V2 (bentonite
treatment), FA V3 (glutation treatment), FA V4 (tannin treatment), FA V5 (gelatin and tannin
treatment). The physical-chemical analyses were done according to the Compendium of
International Methods of Analysis of Wine and Musts (OIV, 2013). A Shimadzu UV-1800
spectrophotometer was used to examine chromatic features, the polyphenols content and the
Folin- Ciocâlteu index.
The sensory evaluation was conducted according the evaluation method originally proposed by
the International Union of Oenologists (UIO).
Results. The obtained samples are dry wines, with over 11,7% vol. In what concerns the samples
treated with bentonite (V2) and tannin (V4), they present lower acidity (under 6 g/L tartric acid).
A lower alcoholic concentration was shown by the samples: V1 (pectinase and β-glucosidase), V3
(glutation), V6 (gelatin and tannin). The non-reductive extract has higher values (approx. 21 g/L)
for the sample treated with tannin. At spectrophotometrically level, the samples V4 and V6
presented higher levels of polyphenols and of the Folin- Ciocâlteu index. The majority of the
samples presented green and yellow shades of color, excepting sample V4 (tannin) where
predominant were red and yellow shades of color. Sensory evaluation revealed a varied influence
on the obtained wines, as follows: the control sample shows a ahigher intensity of dried fruits as
well as exotic fruits, where as all the other samples register intense flavours of citrus fruits, green
apples.
Conclusions. The pre fermentative treatments have a high influence on the physical- chemical
(lowers the acidity and alcoholic concentration) and sensory level (green fruits vs. dried fruits) of
the experimental samples, big differences appearing in the case of tannin, bentonite and gelatintannin treatments.
References
1.
OIV (2013): Compendium of international methods of wine and must analysis. Vol. 1 and 2.
– Paris: Organisation International de la Vigne et du Vin;
2.
Ribéreau-Gayon, P., Dubourdieu, D., Donèche, B. and Lonvaud, A. (2006): Handbook of
enology. Vol. 1: The micro-biology of wine and vinifications.
188
RESEARCH REGARDING THE ASCORBIC ACID OF BROCCOLI
DURING SHORT TERM REFRIGERATED STORAGE
Otilia MURARIU
Department of Plant Science, University of Agricultural Science and
Veterinary Medicine of Iași, Romania
*
Keywords. ascorbic acid, broccoli, refrigerate, storage condition
Introduction. The commercial potential of Broccoli (Brassica oleracea) is very high both for
the several ways the vegetable can be utilized and also for its chemical composition,
nutritional value and pleasant taste. The content of vitamin C in fruits and vegetables can be
influenced by various factors such as genotypic differences, preharvest climatic conditions
and cultural practices, maturity and harvesting methods, and postharvest handling procedures
(Palma A. et al., 2015). Temperature management after harvest is the most important factor to
maintain vitamin C of fruits and vegetables; losses are accelerated at higher temperatures and
with longer storage durations (Seung K. et al., 2000).
The Aims of this study is to highlight some metabolic changes, namely ascorbic acid in
broccoli flower buds during short term refrigerated storage of broccoli heads under
commonly applied conditions.
Materials and Methods. It was studied one set of samples, having total weight of 200 – 250
g (8 – 10 florets), were kept in plastic perforated trays both in open ambient storage
conditions (19 ± 10C and 55 ± 2% Ur) and in laboratory refrigerated storage conditions
(4±10C și 50±2%Ur). The another set was packaged usis commercial polypropylene film with
10 pin holes stored in the same conditions. The samples was evaluated in T0 moments, after 1
day, 3 and 7 days of storage. The ascorbic acid was determinated by using the 2,6 –
diclorphenol-indophenol.
Results. The initial content in ascorbic acid of fresh broccoli floret’s was 120 mg/ 100g which
decreased during storage under ambient conditions from laboratory and the samples stored
under 40C showed no significant changes in ascorbic acid content by the end of storage (168
h).
Conclusion. The ascorbic acid decreased rapidly in the florets unpacked, kept in open
ambient plastic trays compared with the samples kept in refrigerated.
References
1. Amedeo Palma, Alberto Continella, Stefano La Malfa (2015). Overall quality of
ready to eat pomegranate arils processed from cold stored fruit, Postharvest Biology
and Technology, v. 109, pag. 1 – 9.
2. Seung K., Adel Kader (2000). Preharvest and postharvest factors influencing vitamin
C content of horticultural crops, Postharvest Biology and Technology, v. 20, pag. 207
– 220.
189
EFFECT OF APPLICATION WITH GIBBERELLIN GA4+7 ON
RUSSETING OF “GOLDEN DELICIOUS” APPLES
Ananie PESTEANU
Faculty of Horticulture. State Agrarian University of Moldova, Republic of Moldova.
Keywords. Apple, GA4+7, russeting, shape index, yield
Introduction. The presence of russet on “Golden Delicious” apples has long been a concern
to producers and marketers of fresh fruit throughout the world because it detracts from the
smooth, uniform finish of the fruit and results in economic loss resulting from grade reduction
(Curry, 2012). Apple cultivars differ in their susceptibility to russeting, and fruit in early
stages of development is more susceptible than that in later stages (Skene, 1982). Under
orchard conditions, russeting is avoided and peel appearance improved in sensitive cultivars
by applying gibberellin GA4+7 (Elfving and Allen, 1987).
Aims. To evaluate the influence of gibberellic acid GA4+7 to reduce the incidence of apple
russet on “Golden Delicious” variety.
Materials and Methods. The study subject of the experience was Golden Delicious apple
variety grafted on M 9. The trees were trained as slender spindles. The distance of plantation
is 3.5 x 1.2 m. The tested gibberellic acid was GA4+7, (Gerlagib LG). To study russeting of the
apple fruits were experimented the following variants of treatment: 1. Control – no treatment;
2. GA4+7 - 4 mgL-1; 3. GA4+7 - 5 mgL-1. The trees were sprayed 4 times.
Results. The research was conducted during the period of 2013 year. During the research, it
was studied the amount and average of fruits, tree production, firmness of fruits, hydrolysis
index. Russeting of fruit was estimated at harvest using a scale of grading described by S. J.
Werthein.
Conclusion. In the present research work, we demonstrated that gibberellic acid GA4+7 may
be included in the system to prevent russeting on apple fruits, the dose 5 mgL-1, applied up to
4 times by treatment. First treatment performed starting from petal fall stage, and the next 3
treatments 7-10 days after previous.
References
1. Curry E. (2012) Increase in epidermal planar cell density accompanies decreased
russeting of ‘Golden Delicious’ apples treated with gibberellin A4+7. HortScience.
47(2):232–237.
2. Elfving D. C., Allen O. B. (1987). Effect of gibberellin A4+7 applications on Golden
Delicious fruit russet. Crop Res. 27:11–18.
3. Skene D. S. (1982) The development of russet, rough russet and cracks on the fruit of
the apple Cox’s Orange Pippin during the course of the season. HortScience. 57:165–
174.
190
THE QUALITY OF CALLUS AT GRAPEVINES GRAFTED CUTTINGS
DEPENDING ON THE SUBSTRATE USED IN FORCING
Daniela POPESCU1, Dan CORBEAN2* and Maria COMSA1
1
Research-Development Station for Viticulture and Enology Blaj,, Romania
2
Department of Research. SC Jidvei SRL, Romania
*
Keywords. callus, grapevine, perlite, sawdust, shoots.
Introduction. Stimulating the activity of cambium, as meristematic tissue, in triggering
calogenez may be influenced by conducting ecological factors (temperature, moisture,
aeration and light) which in interaction with technological factors (phytosanitary treatments,
paraffin wax, substrate) have a decisive contribution to stimulating callus formation and
welding as well as starting the buds in vegetation and roots.
Aims. This study was conducted to determine the influences of substrate used in forcing on
formation of callus, on starting in vegetation of the buds and stimulate root formation in order
to improve technology for producing grapevine planting material.
Materials and Methods. This research was carried out at Jidvei Company- Departament for
producing grapevine planting material, in 2014, this technology sequence being tested on
variety 'Burgund mare' grafted on Berlandieri x Riparia sel.Oppenheim 4. The stratification of
grafted vines was made in wooden boxes and bedding material used was softwood sawdust
and expanded perlite whit granulation between 0-2 mm. At the end of forcing has been
evaluated the percentage of cuttings with callus at the point of grafting, cuttings with shoots
formed, the presence of callus at the base of cuttings, depending on the two experimental
variants (V1- sawdust substrate, V2-perlite substrate).
Results. The callosity formation in the scion wound and at the base has been significantly
affected by substrates used. Thus, by using perlite, at 92.87% of grafted cuttings had
uniformly and completely callus at the grafting point, comparative with stratified cuttings in
sawdust where the percentage of callus was 77.53%. Regarding the starting in vegetation of
the shoots from the buds, using perlite has registered a higher percentage, of 63.53%,
compared with sawdust where the percentage was 58.07%.
Because in this technology sequence, the main purpose is welding the two partners (scion and
rootstock), excessive proliferation of callus at the base of cuttings is not beneficial because of
unnecessary consumption of substances reserve (carbohydrates). By using sawdust it was
found that 88.7% of grafted cuttings formed callus at the base compared with variant which
was used perlite, where only 5.9% of cuttings formed callus at the base.
Conclusion. Among the advantages of using perlite include the ease of exchanged between
the temperature inside the wood boxes and the environment as well as the ease with which
retains moisture inside the boxes. Also, this material can be used for many years provided it's
disinfection. By using perlite is obtained a high percentage of calluses, which is uniform at
the point of grafting but also a high percentage of shoots starting in vegetation from the scion
buds.
191
MANAGING THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF GRAPES BY CALCIUM
SUPPLEMENTED ON FOLIAR WAY
Florin SALA1*, Alin DOBREI2
1
Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine
"Regele Mihai I al României" from Timisoara, Romania
2
Horticulture, Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “Regele Mihai I al
României” Timisoara, Romania
*
Keywords. calcium, grapevine, PCA analysis, quality, yield
Introduction. Grapevine has high requirements for the nutrient regime, if it is taking into
account the differentiated distribution of water and nutrients in grape yield and biomass
growth (IFA 1992). Secondary macro-elements supplementing (particularly Ca and Mg) and
microelements on foliar way, is very effective on vine (Colapietra and Alexander 2006;
Koutinas et al., 2010).
Aims. Present research assessed the way in which supplementary foliar fertilization with
calcium can have a positive impact on grape yield, both quantitatively and qualitatively.
Materials and Methods. Leading nutrition by foliar fertilization with calcium
supplementation was evaluated in Burgund cultivar. Elements of productivity and quality
were assessed in relation with foliar fertilization and calcium supplement.
Results. During the trial period, foliar area had a wider, but more constant, variation
coefficient compared to chlorophyll content, which had fluctuated more in relation to
fertilization, and which points to a higher dependence of this parameter by nutrition status.
Yield and quality parameter in grapes had recorded variations depending on foliar fertilizers
and calcium addition. Based on the PCA analysis was possible distinctly grouping of trial data
into two groups: G1 with the variants without calcium and G2 with the variants with calcium.
The main factor, which has generated variation between the two groups, was the
supplementary treatment with calcium.
Conclusion. Calcium supply played a significant role in both quantity and quality of grape,
evidenced through PCA analysis.
References
1. Colapietra M, Alexander A (2006). Effect of foliar fertilization on yield and quality of
table grapes, Proc. 5th IS on Mineral Nutrition of Fruit Plants, Eds. J. B. Retamales and
G. A. Lobos, Acta Horticulturae 721.
2. Koutinas N, Sotiropoulos T, Petridis A, Almaliotis D, Deligeorgis E, Therios I,
Voulgarakis N (2010). Effects of preharvest calcium foliar sprays on several fruit
quality attributes and nutritional status of the kiwifruit cultivar Tsechelidis.
HortScience 45(6):984–987.
192
PRESERVING GENETIC DIVERSITY OF GRAPEVINES BY CLONAL
SELECTION
Joachim SCHMID1*, Frank MANTY1, Hubert KONRAD1, Bettina LINDNER1 and
Ernst H. RUEHL1
Geisenheim University, Institute for Grapevine Breeding, Geisenheim, Germany
*
Keywords. grapevines, genetic resources, clonal selection
Introduction. Low yields caused by virus infections were the main reason to begin with
clonal selection and started in Germany 140 years ago by selecting single vine plants with
high yield potential and increased sugar production. Particularly in the 1960s and 70s this led
to the selection of clones from clones, creating high yielding subclones on a high health level.
These subclones represented phytosanitary lines only and decreased the genetic variability
within varieties. To prevent genetic erosion it was necessary to go back to old unselected
grapevine material. The intention was to find variable types with different characteristics.
Aims. Under warmer climatic conditions many late ripening varieties start with veraison
much earlier. This increases the risk for bunch rot. The aim of the study was to assess genetic
diversity within old varieties, to identify clones with higher tolerance to bunch rot and to
prevent the loss of genetic material particularly of Riesling, Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris, Pinot
Blanc and Chardonnay.
Materials and Methods. In the 1990s Geisenheim started a hunt for old grapevines to
preserve the still existing genetic spectrum within old varieties. Many different types could be
saved selected from a large number of vineyards of up to 100 years of age. After virus testing,
observation and evaluating a large number of various types have been identified as new
clones. They were planted in blocks of 12 vines each. Soil is a fertile deep sandy loam, trellis
system is VSP. Grapes were harvested fully ripe. Botrytis infection, yield, total acidity and
sugar concentration was recorded as means.
Results. Especially the Pinot family showed high variability in grape cluster structure, berry
size and yield levels. Riesling presented big differences in flavour formation and aromatic
compounds. Many types with loose bunch structure had high tolerance to botrytis infection.
Conclusion. High genetic diversity also offers a better preparedness for changing climatic
conditions. Versatile clones with high tolerance to bunch rot, balanced vigour, straight shoot
growth, stable yield levels and complex flavours are more adaptive to changing conditions.
The genetic variability within a variety can only be secured by steady and systematic clonal
selection.
193
NEW POSSIBILITIES OF APPLICATION IN VITICULTURE
Hans-Peter SCHWARZ1 and Rainer KEICHER1
1
Department of Viticultural Engineering, Geisenheim University, Germany.
Keywords. Application, air stream, nozzels
Introduction. While the differences in the deposition distribution, the drift behavior and the
vertical distribution remain in the expectable extent, the spread between the lowest and
highest values concerning energy consumption is surprisingly far. They reached, based on the
usable m³ air flow at the target area, a factor of 5 between the most economical blower and
the one with the most intense power consumption. This is even more astonishing against the
background that the highest power consumption doesn't mean highest performance in terms of
air velocity or flow rate. Beyond that, like many experimental results demonstrate, the quality
of deposition with increasing air flow rate tends to decrease.
Aims. At the Department of Viticultural Engineering, different plant protection machinery
from different manufacturers in terms of air distribution, vertical distribution, application
quality, drift potential, energy consumption and noise emission is surveyed.
Materials and Methods. Different viticultural blower Systems were used. The measurements
were done by air stream test stand, specific fuel consumption, drift measurements.
Results. It is shown how a vine leaf behaves is an air stream. The elapsed time between the
first and the third image is 138 ms, ie after 0.14 seconds, the leaf is completely folded and the
lower side then is impossible to be reached. Worth noting here is that this behavior is
observed already at an air velocity of about 8.5 m/s, with the sprayer passing at a speed of 6
km/h. For larger and older leaves, the required air velocity increases up to 11 m/s, while in
practice values less than 12 m/s are considered insufficient and 20 m/s are quite common.
With efficient machinery and reduced air power not only the power demand and thus the fuel
consumption can be significantly reduced, but also the drift behavior is improved. Thus the
Geisenheim prototype equipped with with air injection nozzles reaches 75% drift reduction
without any additional restrictions.
Conclusion. A reduction of air power can reduce fuel consumption and noise emissions,
improve the drift behavior and thus, without reduction of application quality, both protecting
the environment as well as reduce the cost of the plant protection measurements.
References
1. Bräuninger (2015). Air stream measuring using a high speed camera (Master-Thesis
Gießen)
194
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE BIOTYPES OF BUSUIOACA DE
BOHOTIN VARIETY FROM HUSI VINEYARD
Alexandru C. TARTIAN1*, Cintia COLIBABA1, Marius NICULAUA2, Bogdan C-tin
NECHITA1, Cătălin ZAMFIR1, Ana- Maria MOROŞANU1, Valeriu V. COTEA1,
1
2
Oenological Research Center- Romanian Academy- Iasi Branch
Keywords. Busuioaca de Bohotin, cryomaceration, microwaves, ultrasounds, physicalchemical &sensorial analysis
Introduction. Wine’s aromatic profile depends on the grape sort, maturity degree at harvest,
yeast activity, prefermentative procedures and aging (Cotea et al., 1985, 1988). A special
place among rose Romanian wines is occupied by Busuioacă de Bohotin, that can easily rival
cosmopolitan varieties not only through its phenolic quality but also through its aroma
(Vărăticeanu Gh. et al., 1998).
Aims. The main objective of the present study is to evaluate the differences between rose
biotype and dark violet biotype of Busuioaca de Bohotin variety on the physical-chemical and
senzorial characteristics of the analyzed wines.
Materials and Methods. For the obtained wines were used two biotypes of Busuioaca de
Bohotin variety, roze biotype and dark violet biotype, both biotypes beeing from Husi
Vineyard. For these biotypes were applied four types of maceration: Vo-control sample (no
yeast and enzymes), V1- Maceration-fermentation, V2-Microwave maceration, V3Ultrasound maceration and V4-Cryomaceration.The physical-chemical analyses were done
according to the Compendium of International Methods of Analysis of Wine and Musts (OIV,
2013).The sensory evaluation was conducted according the evaluation method originally
proposed by the International Union of Oenologists (UIO).
Results. The obtained wines are dry wines with a reducing sugar content between 1,84 g/l
(minimum) for dark violet biotype (V2 sample) and 2,18 g/l (maximum) for rose biotype (V1
sample). In what concerns the total acidity, V4 sample of the dark violet biotype prezented the
lowest value with 3.88 tartric acid and the maximum was reached by the control sample (Vo)
of the rose biotype with 6.28. g/L tartric acid. In terms of alcohol concentration, the highest
values were recorded at the dark violet biotype with a maximum of 14.9 % vol. and a
minimum of 13.91 % for rose biotype. Dark violet biotype prezented the highest values in
terms of non-reductive extract, with 24,14 for the V3 sample.Sensory analyses revealed that
the highest intensity of flavours had the violet biotype of Busuioaca de Bohotin variety.
Conclusions. It was observed that there are majore differences between the two biotypes of
Busuioaca de Bohotin variety on psysico-chemical and sensory characteriscs, dark violet
biotype recording the highest values.
References
1. Cotea V.D. (1985). Oenology treaty (in Romanian), vol.I, Wine-making and
biochemistry of wine, Ed. Ceres, Bucureşti, Romania
2. Varaticeanu Gh., Ivascu M., Puscas A. (1998). Cercetări privind parametrii calitativi şi
de compoziţie a vinului Busuioaca de Bohotin obţinut in condiţiile de la Pietroasa.
Rev. Hortiinform, nr. 9, pp. 38-39.
195
STUDIES ON THE PRESENCE OF THE DEFOLIATOR EPROCTIS
CHRYSOROEA IN THE FORESTS AREA OF FORESTRY
DEPARTAMENT MARSMURES
Ioan TĂUT1,2, Vasile ȘIMONCA1,2, Mircea MOLDOVAN2
1
2
National Institute of Forestry Research and Development "Marin Drăcea"
Keywords. defoliator, detection, Euproctis chrysorhoea, forest, prognosis
Introduction. Deciduous forests and especially oaks stands are the most vulnerable to
defoliation, year after year there are considerable areas affected. In recent years, the Forestry
Department Maramures stands, in addition to Lymantria dispar, Tortrix viridana and
Geometridae was reported Euproctis chrysorhoea defoliator, which imposed achieve
detection and prognosis.
Aims. After defoliator is reported, will be sampled in the field, in order to analyze them in the
laboratory. Based on the results will determine the prognosis for 2015.
Materials and Methods. Detection and prognosis of the defoliator Euproctis chrysorhoea it
was made from September to April period in the years 2013-2014 and 2014-2015, when there
were collected by 100 egg deposits (nests) and analyzed in the Forest Protection Laboratory
of the National Institute of Forestry Research and Development Cluj. Also, in the field was
inventoried average number of nests on the tree, in order to determine the population density.
Results. Laboratory analysis consisted in highlighting the number of live caterpillars in each
nest, and depending of average number of live caterpillars on tree and critical number
afferent, was determined the likely percentage of defoliation. It has also been established
quality items related to fertility, the average weight of a female pupa, average weight of an
egg deposit.
Conclusion. Studies and analyzes performed in Maramures Forestry Department shows that
defoliators Euproctis chrysorhoea is present in two stands and if 2014 was forecast weak
defoliation, in 2015 defoliation will be middle, recommending the introduction of related
areas in the surveillance area.
196
NEW TECHNOLOGIES FOR PATHOGEN MICROSPHAERA
ABBREVIATA CONTROL
Ioan TĂUT1,2, Vasile ȘIMONCA1,2*, Liviu HOLONEC1, Ilie COVRIG1 and
Mircea MOLDOVAN2
1
2
National Institute of Forestry Research and Development "Marin Drăcea"
Keywords. mildew, effectiveness, biological sheet, active substance
Introduction. Powdery mildew on oak leaves is a disease caused by pathogens from
Erysiphaceae genus, like Microsphaera abbreviata, that produce significant damage in
stands, but especially in nurseries and plantations. Given the current situation, especially
when there are limitations to the use of fungicides, whose active substance are prohibited by
the European Community and the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) is necessary to find new
technologies to control.
Aims. The objectives pursued by this research are to identify locations of pathogen presence,
location experimental areas and assess the effectiveness of treatments.
Materials and Methods. To achieve the objectives, materialized in two field experimental
blocks in 2014, so placed that the data obtained can be processed statistically. To better
capture the phenomenon and as we wanted to reduce the number of treatments, was made a
graduation attack in four steps using a costum scale: NA seedlings is not affected; SA weak
seedlings affected; MA seedlings medium affected; PA strongly attacked saplings. The blocks
were placed in the Experimental Forest District Lechinţa and Forest District Gherla in 2014
and 2015.
Results. In the first year there were significant efficacy as compared to the control (untreated
variant) and to the standard product, propiconazole, using active substances difenoconazole
and flutriafol in two concentrations, one manufacturer and one time diminished. This year,
given the climatic situation they were already made two treatments, and the data obtained will
be presented in this paper.
Conclusion. After the first year of experimentation we can say that the active substances
used, flutriafol and difenoconazol, had good results, and if they confirm this year will be
drawn up biological sheets afferent to each product for forestry approval, to be recommended
for production.
197
LOLIUM RIGIDUM GAUD. BIOTYPES FROM GREECE WITH
RESISTANCE TO GLYPHOSATE AND OTHER HERBICIDES
Ilias TRAVLOS1, Ioanna TABAXI1, Dimitrios PAPADIMITRIOU1, Dimitrios
BILALIS1 and Demosthenis CHACHALIS2
1
Faculty of Crop Science, Laboratory of Agronomy, Agricultural University of Athens, Greece.
2
Laboratory of Weed Science, Benaki Phytopathological Institute.
Keywords. Lolium rigidum, glyphosate, herbicide resistance
Introduction. Monoculture and extensive use of glyphosate, ACCase and ALS inhibitors can
greatly increase the risks of reduced efficacy of these herbicides on several weeds. That is the
reality in all Mediterranean countries including Greece, with frequent reports of low efficacy
of the previously mentioned herbicides against increasingly problematic weeds, such as
Conyza spp. or Lolium spp. (Walsh et al., 2011; González-Torralva et al., 2012).
Aims. Taking into account the several reports of inadequate chemical control of Lolium spp.
across Greece, the aim of this study is to evaluate the resistance of ryegrass (L. rigidum)
accessions collected from winter cereals and perennial crops to glyphosate, clodinafop
propargyl and tribenuron-methyl.
Materials and Methods. Mature seed samples of five L. rigidum accessions were collected
from wheat fields and olive orchards in 2012 and 2013. Most of the sites were known as
having poor L. rigidum control, while an accession from an olive grove never treated with
herbicides was used as our reference susceptible. Plants were grown in 1 L pots (12 cm
diameter) containing perlite and soil (1:2 by volume) and watered as required. When
seedlings were at 3-5 leaves stage, they were sprayed with the maximum recommended rates
of the above-mentioned herbicides using a low pressure flat-fan nozzle sprayer delivering
herbicide in 300 L/ha water at 250 kPa. Fresh weight reduction was used as a measure of the
herbicide resistance according to the rating system proposed by Moss et al. (1999)
Results. Data analysis confirmed significant differences in biomass reduction of the several
biotypes in response to glyphosate, clodinafop propargyl and tribenuron methyl. Among the
biotypes, one proved to be resistant to glyphosate and three to clodinafop, tribenuron methyl
or both.
Conclusion. In the present research work, we demonstrated that there is an ongoing problem
of herbicide resistance in ryegrass. This is the first report of glyphosate resistance in ryegrass
in Greece. The developing resistance of L. rigidum to the several herbicides implies the need
of lower reliance to chemical control methods.
References
1. González-Torralva F., Gil-Humanes J., Barro F., Brants I. and De Prado R. (2012). Target
site mutation and reduced translocation are present in a glyphosate-resistant Lolium
multiflorum Lam. biotype from Spain. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 58:16-22.
2. Moss S.R., Clarke J.H., Blair A.M., Culley T.N., Read M.A., Ryan P.J. and Turner M.
(1999). The occurrence of herbicide-resistant grass-weeds in the United Kingdom and a
new system for designating resistance in screening assays. In: Proceedings of the Brighton
Crop Protection Conference on Weeds, pp. 179-184.
3. Walsh M.J., Fowler T.M., Crowe B., Ambe T. and Powles S.B. (2011). The potential for
pyroxasulfone to selectively control resistant and susceptible rigid ryegrass (Lolium
rigidum) biotypes in Australian grain crop production systems. Weed Technology 25: 3037.
198
EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTS OF
AMINOPYRALID+FLORASULAM (LANCELOT 450 WG) ON
BROADLEAF WEEDS’ CONTROL, YIELD AND QUALITY OF MAIZE
Ilias TRAVLOS1* and Vasilis APOSTOLIDIS2
1
Faculty of Crop Science, Laboratory of Agronomy, Agricultural University of Athens, Greece.
2
Dow Agrosciences SA, Thoriko Lavriou, Greece
*
Keywords. Aminopyralid+florasulam, broadleaf weeds, maize, Lancelot
Introduction. Broadleaf weeds can be a serious problem for spring crops. Integrated weed
management systems should be based in a combination of several agronomic and cultural
practices with chemical solutions. However, continuous usage of same herbicides may result
to the loss of their efficacy against some weeds.
Aims. Taking into account that the use of two chemicals with different mode of action may
enhance efficacy and increase weed control spectrum, there is a clear need for evaluation of
several new herbicide mixtures against serious weeds.
Materials and Methods. Field experiments were carried out in Greece in 2014 to study the
efficacy of the herbicide Lancelot 450 WG (aminopyralid+florasulam) compared to other
herbicides (such as mesotrione) against broadleaf weeds in maize. Moreover, effects on yields
and quality parameters (protein and fat content) were also evaluated. A completely
randomized design was employed with four replicates for each treatment. Herbicide
applications were performed with an air-pressurized hand-field plot sprayer (AZO), with a 1.6
m wide boom fitted with four flat fan nozzles, calibrated to deliver 400 L ha-1 of water at 250
kPa pressure. The herbicide applications were performed at the 3-6 leaf growth stages (BBCH
13-16) of maize crop (Pioneer 1758 hybrid). The efficacy of the treatments was visually
estimated (scale 0-100%) at 14 and 28 days after spraying.
Results. The results showed that Lancelot 450 WG (aminopyralid+florasulam) and especially
at the high rate (300+150 g ae/kg) showed excellent control of Xanthium strumarium,
Amaranthus retroflexus, Cirsium arvense and Solanum nigrum. Moreover, there were not any
significant differences between the several herbicide treatments regarding yield and quality of
maize.
Conclusion. In the present study, we demonstrated the high efficacy of the mixture of
aminopyralid+florasulam against broadleaf weeds in maize. Moreover, the selectivity of
Lancelot 450 WG was satisfactory, without any adverse effects on maize crop. Overall,
Lancelot 450 WG can be a useful tool for the control of important broadleaf weeds in maize.
199
THE FRUIT THAT FACTOR STANDARDIZATION OF FRUIT AND
FRUIT BUDS SUBMITTED
Sergiu VĂMĂŞESCU
Faculty of Horticulture, the Agrarian State University of Moldova, MD-2049,
Mircesti Street, 42, Chisinau.
*
Key words: Variety, thinning rootstock.
Introduction
The chemical fruit thinning advantages are: Achieving high-quality
productions in terms of size, color, etc; increase fruit quality, and price realization default;
increases labor productivity in harvesting, sorting and packaging, as the number of fruit is
lower; prevent breakage and split the branches, maintaining the volume of the crown
productive for years to come; prevents and increased fruitfulness alternation; increases
resistance to disease and frost trees due to store a sufficient amount of reserve substances;
ensuring conditions of shoots annual training that will shape the coming years bearing
formations (Stopar 2001, Wertheim 2000).
Aims. Investigations were carried out in 2013-2014 in apple orchard in S.A. Zubreşti planted
in the spring of 2003 with the planting scheme 4x2 m. Was studied by standardization apple
fruit thinning chemical, manual and mixed varieties Golden Delicious, Idared and Florina,
grafted on rootstock M26. It was determined the number of inflorescences, number of fruit.
Materials and Methods. The investigations were conducted in the years 2013- 2014 apple
orchard firm "Zubreşti" SA, planted with trees grafted 2 years old near the village Zubreşti,
Străşeni. Treatments were applied when the air temperature was 16 to 18 0 C. Each option
included four repetitions of threes tree sorted by randomized block system. The solution is
used in the form of Bioprzerzedzacz 060SL consuming to 0.075% by 7.5 ml / 10 l of water 12
that trees and 1000 liters per hectare solution.
Results. The variety Golden Delicious in 2014 depending on the method applied as fruit
thinning and biological peculiarities of the variety, most fruits are placed in each fruit
blossoms. Depending on the method of thinning applied this percentage is from 74.8 to
version 2 chemical thinning fruit when the fruit 10-12 mm in diameter is central to 90% in
alternative 4 with manual thinning fruit when the fruit has central 16-18 mm in diameter. In
variant 3 with mixed fruit thinning percentage of inflorescences with a single fruit it is 84.5.
Conclusion. Standardization fruit variety Florina in 2014 showed the same intensity
regardless of method of thinning applied. Thus the number of inflorescence with fruit thinning
variant 2 and variant 3 chemical fruit thinning with mixed (chemical thinning+ manual
thinning of fruit) is one of 164 units / tree and 166 units / tree. In variant 4 with manual
thinning fruit inflorescence number is 174 units / tree.
200
EFFECT OF CHLOROCHOLINE CHLORIDE (CCC) ON THE HEIGHT
AND INULINE CONTENT OF JERUSALEM ARTICHOKE
(HELIANTHUS TUBEROSUS L.)
Mikołaj WAWRZYNIAK1*, Artur SZWENGIEL2 Marta STELMACH-MARDACH3
and Roman HOŁUBOWICZ1
1
Department of Plant Pathology, Seed Science and Technology. University of Life Science, Poznań,
2
Department of Food Science and Nutrition. University of Life Science Poznan, Poland.
3
Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Department of Epidemiology, Germany
*
Keywords. Chlorocholine Chloride (CCC), Helianthus tuberosus L, inulin.
Introduction. Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) is herbaceous perennial plant
rich in inulin and useful source of biomass. Due to low agricultural requirements and high
adaptability, the plant can provide very high biomass yields even on low quality sites.
Jerusalem artichoke is used in food industry, bio-fuel production, forage, pharmacy and diet
(2). Its tubers accumulate 10-20% of inulin in fresh weight. It is a polysaccharide with diverse
range of food and pharmaceutical applications. As a dietary, its fiber it is used for maintaining
human microflora and in diabetic people diet (1).
Aims. Aims of the study were to examine effects of plant growth retardant Chlorocholine
Chloride (CCC) on height of H. tuberosus and inuline content in their tubers. We examined
also a scientific description for a new method for shoots reduction of the crop.
Materials and Methods. Material for the experiment were bought in a Polish commercial
company and 528 tubers were planted in field in the middle of April 2014. Then, half of them
were sprayed with 0.75% retardant under the trade name Antywylegacz (CCC). Then, every
week, for 12 following weeks, the plants’ heights were measured. After the vegetation was
over, 6 tubers for each treatment were dug out and chemically analyzed for their inuline
content.
Results. Already after one week lowering (16%) of the plants was found out. Effect of plants
treatments was permanent till the end of the vegetation. Used retardant and its concentration
did not affect the inulune content of the tubers.
Conclusion. We demonstrated usefulness of the plant retardant Antywylegacz for shoot
shortening of H. tuberosus without affecting inulin content in tubers. Also our work provided
new research in subject of cultivation of Jerusalem artichoke. This useful, undemanding plant
has many different applications and still a big potential for agriculture.
References
1. Barclay T., Ginic-Markovic M., Cooper P., Petrovsky N., (2010): Inulin - a versatile
polysaccharide with multiple pharmaceutical and food chemical uses. J. Exc. Food
Chem. 3: 27-50.
2. Xiao Y. M., Li H. Z., Hong B. S., Gang, X., Feng Z., Fu T. N., Brestic M. (2011):
Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.), a medical salt resistant plant has high
adaptability and multiple-use values. J. Med. Plants Res. 5 (8): 1272-1279.
201
COST ANALYSIS OF CONVENTIONAL AND ORGANIC TOMATO
(LYCOPERSICON ESCULENTUM MILL.) SEEDS PRODUCTION IN
POLAND
WOJTASIAK J., Magdalena SZPAKOWSKA, Roman HOŁUBOWICZ
Poznań University of Life Sciences, Department of Plant Pathology, Seed Science and Technology,
Seed Science and Technology Division, Poland
Key words: horticultural organic seeds, organic seeds production, tomato seeds
Introduction. For several years, thanks to the society’s growing awareness, there has been a
growing possibility of producing organic food (Runowski, 1996). Today, we observe an
increasing consumers’ interest in purchasing food products of the highest quality. People are
generally willing to pay a premium price for organic food. In the years 2008-2014, Poland has
become a serious producer and exporter of organic food (mainly to Germany). Today,
following the European Union rules, organic farming is based on organic seeds. However, for
seed growers, production of such seeds must be profitable (Bralewski, Hołubowicz, 2004). In
Poland, organic tomatoes have always been in high demand on both retail and wholesale
markets. This creates a good chance of profitability of the production of organic tomato seeds.
Aims. Compare the cost-effectiveness in the conventional (classical) and organic tomato
seeds production and identify critical points in the production of organic seeds.
Materials and Methods. The research was held on the basis of the farmers information in
three different farms located on the territory of Kutno county (Middle Poland) in the 2007
seed production season. The data collecting dealt with two Polish tomato cultivars: ‘Jawor’
and ’Atol’.
Results. The production of tomato organic seeds in the studied farms was not profitable in the
2007 season. It was caused mainly by the low price of seeds. This was caused by the
overproduction and existing seeds surplus on the Polish market. In 2007, the price of organic
tomato seeds was on the same level as the conventional one. The total costs of cultivation
were much higher in organic production system than in the conventional one. The total seed
yield of organic tomato seeds was lower than the conventional one.
Conclusions. The price of the organic tomato seeds for seed growers in Poland must be much
higher than for the conventional ones. This is due to lower seed yield and higher production
costs than in the conventional seed production.
References
1. Bralewski T.W., Hołubowicz R. (2004). Seeds for organic production. Owoce,
Warzywa, Kwiaty. 7:44 (in Polish).
2. Runowski H. (1996). Limits and Chances of Organic Agriculture. Wyd. SGGW,
Warsaw, (in Polish).
202
PPV-REC IS COMPETITIVE IN PLUM ORCHARDS IN THE
PRESENCE OF PPV-D AND DEVELOPS SIMILAR SYMPTOMS
Ioan ZAGRAI1*, Sylvie DALLOT 2, Gerard LABONNE2, Luminița ZAGRAI1
1
2
Fruit Research &Development Station Bistrița, Romania
INRA-UMR BGPI CIRAD TA A-54/K, Montpellier Cedex, France
Keywords. competitiveness, molecular typing, PPV-D, PPV-Rec, serological detection.
Introduction. Plum pox virus (PPV) is considered as the most detrimental viral pathogen of
stone fruits. Intensive research in the last years revealed that D, M and Rec are the prevalent
strains of PPV in Europe. While different experimental results reported that PPV-M is more
aggressive than PPV-D, and also considered the epidemic form, limited information are
available about the competitiveness of PPV-Rec under field conditions, especially in plum
orchards where the three strains are known to spread.
Aims. To increase the knowledge about PPV-Rec epidemicity, an experimental plum orchard
already contaminated by both PPV-D and PPV-Rec was monitored along of four years
vegetative periods. The work was extended to check whether the two strains develop similar
or distinct symptoms.
Materials and Methods. The overall disease spread and the dynamic of single and mixed
infections were assessed every year from 2008 to 2012 by sampling and testing for PPV
infection all healthy and single-infected trees. Strain typing was carried out by IC-RT-PCR
using specific primers. To check if PPV-D or PPV-Rec infection produce similar or distinct
symptoms, single infected D and Rec trees belonging to four cultivars were the subject of
comparative evaluation of symptoms development on leaves and / or fruits. Thus, PPV-D and
PPV-Rec symptoms developed by Centenar, Iulia, Reine Red and Stanley cvs. were
compared.
Results. At the beginning of the monitoring, PPV-Rec infected trees were four times more
numerous than PPV-D infected trees and co-infected trees represented 29% of all infected
trees. Overall disease prevalence increased from 57% in 2008 to 75% in 2012 whereas coinfections increased almost linearly from 29% to 43%, PPV-D and PPV-Rec strains being
able to infect each other. When considering both single and co-infected trees, the progression
rate of each strain was not significantly different. Also, symptoms development in both PPVD and PPV-Rec infected trees on different cultivars were similar.
Conclusion. Our results suggest that PPV-Rec is competitive and at least equally epidemic as
PPV-D in plum orchards and develops similar symptoms.
203
PREBASIC APPLE PLANT MATERIAL OBTAINED AT BISTRIȚA
Luminița ZAGRAI*, Ioan ZAGRAI, Angela FEȘTILĂ
Fruit Research & Development Station Bistrița, România
Keywords. apple, ‘prebasic’ plant material, virus tested.
Introduction. The apple is an important fruit tree species, both in terms of chemical
composition of fruits, which gives valuable therapeutic properties, and as preference of
consumers, being one of the species with a large period of fresh fruits consumption.
According to FAOSTAT 2012, Romania ranks 6th in Europe in terms of area planted with
apple, and only 24th place regarding the yield, which raises some questions about the
productivity of this species in our country. The viral pathogens which affect apple trees may
be responsible for some of the losses, both in terms of quality and quantity. The use of
'certificate' plant material is one of the main preventive measures in order to reduce
significantly economic losses caused by viral pathogens. To increase the quality of planting
material, the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) established
standards for production and maintenance of nuclear stock, production of propagation stock
and certified plants [PM 4/27(1)] – (OEPP/EPPO, 2001).
Aims. The ‘prebasic’ material represents the top of the storeyed pyramid of certification
scheme, and therefore, it is the basis for successfully producing of propagation stock, and,
subsequently, ‘certificate’ plant material.
Materials and Methods. After a preliminary monitoring on viruses in the field, one shoot
from each selected tree of cultivars with valuable agronomical features was grafted onto
prebasic virus-free MM106 rootstock, into insect-proof house, to produce candidate nuclear
stock. Serological (DAS-ELISA) and molecular tests (RT-PCR for viruses and Nested-PCR
for phytoplasma) were performed before and after grafting to confirm/infirm the virus-tested
status, for the following pathogens: Apple chlorotic leafspot virus (ACLSV), Apple mosaic
virus (ApMV), Apple stem-pitting virus (ASPV), Apple stem-grooving virus (ASGV) and
Candidatus Phytoplasma mali. Leaf samples were tested for virus detection in DAS –ELISA
and RT-PCR. Phloem tissue and midribs of leaves were used for phytoplasma detection.
Results. All plants which proved to be free of those tested pathogens were certified as
‘prebasic’ plant material by the Territorial Inspection for Quality Seeds and Planting Material.
Plants belonging to twelve apple cultivars (Bistrițean, Auriu de Bistrița, Aura, Starkprim,
Goldprim, Alex, Doina, Dany, Ionaprim, Salva, Generos and Florina) have been conserved
under insect-proof house at Fruit Research & Development Station Bistrița, and use to
produce a larger number of ‘basic’ plants for establishing apple mother plantations.
Conclusion. Twelve apple cultivars, most of them originated from Romanian breeding
programs, have been preserved as ‘prebasic’ plant material at Fruit Research & Development
Station Bistrița, and currently used to produce ‘basic’ plants.
204
Section 5: Economics and Rural Development
FOSTERING SINERGIES BETWEEN ENVIRONMENTAL PRACTISES
IN FARMING AND RURAL SUSTAINABILITY – CASE STUDIES
FROM BULGARIA
Mariya PENEVA1*
1
Department of Natural Resources Economics. University of National and World Economy, Bulgaria.
*
Keywords. agricultural environmental practices, local food, rural sustainability
Introduction. In the last decades, great changes have taken place in the farming and food
systems. These changes were economically driven but they also lead to a range of negative
side effects. The paper focuses on the agricultural environmental practices as a long-term
solution for conservation and nature protection and the interconnections with economic and
social rural sustainability. Synergies between environmental friendly farming and rural
sustainability are manifold.
Aims. The paper aims to explore how the implementation of various environmental friendly
agricultural practices may lead to rural sustainability and its broader impact on the economic
and social viability of “low-input” farming.
Materials and Methods. The paper presents research findings of the Bulgarian team in the
frame of the international project FarmPat1. The theoretical framework of the study is based
on the concepts of transition theory and sustainable development. The transition studies are
based on the multi-level and multi actor perspective that emphasis on the radical novelty that
emerge at niche, and transforms the dominant regime. The multidisciplinary approach has
been followed with the active participation of the stakeholders. Semi-structured in-depth
interviews were conducted in the case study areas. Documentary analysis was performed on
the policy related issues.
Results. In the process of study it was found that the alternative agricultural production
systems have the capacity to provide ecosystem services, are in compliance with the natural
capacity of the resources and more resilient, and can also provide employment in rural areas.
Numbers of pressures were identified: common awareness for biodiversity protection;
growing consumer awareness regarding food quality and safety; the EU rural development
and food policies etc.
Conclusion. The research addresses the complexity of and synergies between the
environmental friendly farming and rural development as the key issue is the policy
instrument of the agro-environmental measures. The key factor identified for the economic
and social vitality of these forms of farming are marketing activities and diversification to
rural tourism. All these changes created potential opportunities to secure new sources of
income and employment.
1
FP7th project: Farming transitions: Pathways towards regional sustainability of agriculture in Europe,
http://www.farmpath.eu
205
THE IMPACT OF SEMI-SUBSISTENCE MEASURE ON THE
ROMANIAN SMALL FRUITS AND VEGETABLE FARMS
Cornelia ALBOIU1*
1
Department of Agricultural Markets, Institute of Agricultural Economics, Romania.
*
Keywords. financial support, semi subsistence farm, vegetable supply chain
Introduction. The need for integrating the small vegetable farms into the agri-food supply
chain is extremely important if we take into consideration the fact that the semi-subsistence
vegetable farms prevail in the Romanian horticulture sector, with a high number of
individual farmers but with still poor quality of educational skills in terms of marketing
issues and insufficient innovative capacity regarding integration into the supply chain.
Aims. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the level of integration into supply chains of fruits
and vegetable farms which received support within semi-subsistence measure and were
running projects under Measure 141 of National Rural Development Programme in 20112013.
Materials and Methods. The methodology used is based on new institutional economics
theory and analyze the level of integration of small fruits and vegetable producers who
received EU support with the purpose to develop their businesses and integrate into supply
chains. The analysis is also accompanied by qualitative information regarding the degree of
participation in collective actions and the role of collective actions in helping farmers to
integrate into supply chain. The paper is based on interviews and questionnaires applied to
600 small farmers involved in the fruits and vegetable production located in South-East of
Romania, Dâmbovita County.
Results. Following the interview survey, one might conclude that the frequency of written
commercial relationship is extremely low for all four stages of the supply chain. The results
show that the share of formal relationship is very low at the farmer - intermediate and the
farmer-processor. A higher percentage of formal trade relationship is observed in the
processor – retailer level.
Conclusion. The assumption regarding the increase of the level of integration into supply
chain of semi-subsistence farmers, beneficiaries of Measure 141, was not confirmed. At the
same time, it could not be found any incentive of participation in collective action meant to
help farmers to better sell their products especially in modern retail chains.
206
SIMPLE BOOKKEEPING VS. DOUBLE ENTRY BOOKKEEPING
Ileana ANDREICA1*
1
Department of Economic Science, Faculty of Horticulture, UASVM Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Keywords. Bookkeeping, simple entry, double entry accounting, financial documents,
authorized person
Introduction. Efficient financial management of each company, starting in the first place,
with a well organized accounting, it is conditioned by the adoption of a uniform forms,
rational, simple, clear and accurate of accounting. Throughout history there have been known
two forms of bookkeeping: single entry and double entry.
Aims. Romanian society, after 1990, underwent a substantial change in social structure, the
sector on which put a great emphasis being private, that of small manufacturers, peddler,
freelance, who work independently and authorized or as associative form (family enterprises,
various associations (owners, tenants), liberal professions, etc). They are obliged to keep a
simple bookkeeping, because they have no juridical personality. Companies with legal
personality, are required to keep double-entry bookkeeping; therefore, knowledge and border
demarcation between the two forms of organisation of accounting is an essential.
Materials and Methods. The material used for this work is mainly represented by the
financial and accounting documents, by the analysis of the economic, by legislative updated
sources, and as the method, was used the comparison method, using hypothetical data, in case
of an authorized individual and a legal entity.
Results. Based on the chosen material, an authorised individual (who perform simply entry
accounting system) and a juridical entity (who perform double entry accounting system), were
selected comparative case studies, using hypothetical data, were analysed advantages and
disadvantages in term of fiscal, if using two accounting systems, then were highlighted some
conclusions that result.
Conclusion. In the current situation, the changes imposed by the government, impose
conditions too severe for the authorized individual, OUG no.58/2010, drastically limiting the
situations in which authorized individuals can act and practice as independent persons.
References
1. Merce E, Andreica I., Arion F.H., Dumitras D. and Pocol C. (2010). Managementul si
gestiunea unitatilor economice cu profil agricol, Ed. Digital Data Cluj, 333-370
2. Contabiltatea in partida simpla (2012) Ghid practic, Raton & Straton, Digital
(www.rs.ro)
207
STUDENTS PERCEPTION TOWARD A NEW SUSTAINABLE FOOD
MASTER PROGRAM
Felix H. ARION1, Cristina B. POCOL1*, Diana E. DUMITRAŞ1, Iulia C. MUREŞAN1,
Ionel M. JITEA1 and Rezhen HARUN2
1
Department of Economic Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of
Cluj Napoca, Romania,
2
University of Sulaimani, Kurdistan Regional Government, Iraq
*
Keywords. evaluation, higher education, internationalization, sustainability, students’
mobility, join diploma
Introduction. The evaluation of motivational factors influencing the choice for post-bachelor
studies has been in the attention of many scholars. Key factors were identified as reputation,
graduate outcomes, flexible study modes, extent of research and information sources
(Blackburn, 2011), but also possibility to get a better job. There is an increasing interest for
analyzing the new trend of study abroad. In the past few years, the academic offer of master
programs in the field of sustainable food has developed.
Aims. The research main goal was to assess the perception of prospective students for a new
master program in the field of sustainable food sector, in the context of internationalization of
higher education.
Materials and Methods. On-line questionnaires were applied to undergraduate students at
two universities: University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca,
Romania and University of Sulaimani (Kurdistan Regional Government, Iraq). Descriptive
statistics was used for analyses and proper statistical tests were applied for comparisons
between the two regions, with a statistical significant level of 0.05.
Results. A significant percentage of respondents expressed the willing to continue their
studies at master level. The concept of sustainability seems to be familiar for students,
correctly pointing the main three pillars. The quantified benefits for students are: the capacity
to work in a multicultural environment, theoretical internships and practical experience
abroad, a better insertion in the labor market. Students are aware of the fact that both
economic and food sciences courses contribute to their future professional development,
prepared to face the complex environment of a food company. The economic and social
situation seems to be not in the favour of students to study abroad, the financing depending on
their family aid and scholarships, which are often limited.
Conclusion. The results offer important information for universities in their management
decisions on international relation policies. Even if the reputations of the universities play an
important role in students’ decisions, the financial constraints represent the main barrier for
their educational choice.
References
1. Blackburn G. (2011). Which Master of Business Administration (MBA)? Factors
influencing prospective students' choice of MBA programme–an empirical study.
Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management. 33(5): 473-483.
208
MANAGEMENT OF ACCOMMODATION ACTIVITIES FOR SHORT
VACATIONS AND PERIODS IN THE NORTH-EAST DEVELOPMENT
REGIONS OF ROMANIA
Lucica ARMANCA1 and Valentin MIHAI1*
1
Department of Economics Science. University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj
Napoca, Romania.
*
Keywords. Economic ondicators, region, accommodation service
Introduction. The increasing demand for simplifies holidays, avoiding tourist places by
excellence and emphasizing small regions and corners, rather than countries, creates an
opportunity for tpurism in rural areas, as vell as cultural tourism. “Besides accommodation,
certain activities and complementary services, there must be a sustaines relationship between
nature, local community and tourists”(Henche, 2004)
Aims. Identification and analysis of the financial and economic potential of active businesses
in tourism services, holiday and short-term accommodation facilities, as well as other
accommodation service in the regions of North-East and South-East of Romania.T
Materials and Methods. Dissemination of information collected from the Annual financial
statements for the sample under research convers the 2009-2013 period. The analysis method
was employed, which consisits of: determining the efficiency indicatord of the
accommodation activity, namely: labor productivity, average revenue per unit of performance,
average expense per unit of performance, relative rate of expenses and efficiency rate.
Results. Interpretation of results obtained regarding the number and dynamic of economic
agents investigated, to determine efficiency indicators, correlations between them and existing
statistical information for the economic regions surveyed.
Conclusion. The strengths and weaknesses of accommodation facilities for vacations and
short- terms periods, as well as other accommodation for the two development regions
studied.
References
1. Henche B.G. (2004). trad.Teclici, I.Marcheting in turismul rural, Bucuresti, Editura
Iresco
2. Ivanof C.F. (2009). Managementul unitatilor de turism-Metode financiar contabile,
Iasi, Editura Tehnopress
209
MARKETING ORIENTED AND SALES ORIENTED COMPANIES IN
THE AGRO-FOOD INDUSTRY
Gabriela CHICIUDEAN1*, Felix ARION1 and Iulia MUREȘAN1
1
Department of Economic Sciences. University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine ClujNapoca, Romania.
*
Keywords. Cluj County, customer satisfaction, marketing audit
Introduction. A strong marketing orientation within organizations is considered able to
create a competitive edge and having a positive impact on the company’s performance (Sin et
al., 2005). Its’ necessity is obvious especially in the last decades when companies face mature
markets and the key for surviving consists in approaching a marketing – oriented strategy, by
keeping a strong relationship with all the stakeholders (Alrubaiee and Al-Nazer, 2010).
Marketing-oriented companies are more likely to survive than the sales-oriented ones
(Avlonities and Gounaries, 1997).
Aims. The principal aim of this research is to investigate whether the agro-food companies
from Cluj County have a marketing - oriented activity, given its’ importance within the agrofood sector.
Materials and Methods. A survey has been conducted among the agro-food companies from
Cluj County in 2012 using the questionnaire which comprised a section with seven
affirmations regarding marketing orientation. Data interpretation was based on statistical
methods such as: Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Test, Factor Analysis and Cluster Analysis.
Results. Results indicate that the agro-food companies from Cluj County are more sales –
oriented, which means that all of their efforts follow the increasing volume of sales. A high
number of 32 companies from the total of 51 which were interviewed are more interested in
promotion and market studies than building a strong relationship with stakeholders. Only 19
companies are marketing – oriented, being interested in designing products according to
market demand and customer preference, but also about their employees and their personal
satisfaction.
Conclusion. In conclusion, the agro-food companies from Cluj-County are more sales –
oriented than marketing – oriented when facing the market, which on medium and long term
could have negative impact on companies’ performance.
References
1. Alrubaiee L. and Al-Nazer N. (2010). Investigate the Impact of Relationship
Marketing Orientation on Customer Loyalty: The Customer's Perspective.
International Journal of Marketing Studies. 2(1):155-174.
2. Avlonitis G. and Gounaris S. (1997). Marketing Orientation and Company
Performance: A Comparative Study of Industrial vs. Consumer Goods Companies.
Industrial Marketing Management. 2(5):1-18.
3. Sin L.Y.M., A.C.B. Tse, O.H.M. Yau, R.P.M. Chow, Jenny S.Y. Lee, Lorett B.Y. Lau
(2005). Relationship marketing orientation: scale development and cross-cultural
validation. Journal of Business Research 58:185–194.
210
THE EVOLUTION OF SOCIAL MOBILITY IN SÎNPAUL VILLAGE
Mihai CUCERZAN1*
1
Department of Economic Sciences. University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine,
Keywords. Demographics, Migration, Rural development, Stratification.
Introduction. The social structure of Romanian rural space had significant changes. Among
these are the aspects that target the social mobility and the demographic changes.
Aims. The aim o0f this article is to make an analysis of Sînpaul village social structure, its
evolution, the realities of this main demographic process, its causes and their future prospects.
One of the issues is the analysis of specific case of territorial mobility in Sînpaul. Also, it will
be analyse the current reality and the fundaments of the present situation.
Materials and Methods. This case study is mainly informed by methods as sociological
survey and document analysis. Also, it was used the ethnographic method and the method of
interview with some subjects of the migration phenomenon. The case study is realised in
Sînpaul village, Cluj County, Romania.
Results. The rural-urban, the rural-rural interrelations and the international migration are
generating the rural change. The realities of social mobility in the last decades affecting the
situation of Sînpaul village characteristics and its social structure. “ex-ruralization” of
important samples of the rural population; the continued decline of the population number,
growth of labor force migration to Western European countries (that reveal positive changes
of the quality of life of the migrants, but also, social problems); the social phenomenon of
commuting to the city of Cluj-Napoca. This situation is specific to the workforce and those
who are studying. Other realities noted are the constant decrease of ethnic Romanian
population, the increase of Roma population and the necessity of implementing social
programs that promote social integration of this minority and the decrease of the poverty rate.
Conclusion. In this research work is demonstrated that the rural social stratification of
Sînpaul, Cluj county, is dynamic and interconnected by mobilities. Also, the increase of social
mobility which involves the rural population and determine the rural development.
211
CHANGES IN TOURISTS’ PERCEPTION TOWARDS VISITING
BUCEGI NATURAL PARK
Diana Elena DUMITRAŞ1, Ionel Mugurel JITEA1 and Manuela Carmen SIMU1
1
Department of Economic Sciences. University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine ClujNapoca. Romania
*
Keywords. choice experiments, management, natural park, tourism
Introduction. The process of revealing tourists’ preferences for the characteristics and
facilities of a natural park may be a difficult process if it is not designed within a valid
methodology. Choice experiments method has been proved to be a proper method to assess
people preferences towards several states of an environmental good (Louviere et al., 2000,
Champ et al., 2003). On the other hand, more attention is expected to be offered to the
management of all protected areas, by finding optimal solutions to assure the sustainability of
the areas in a world where the increasing trend of demand for outdoor recreation sets pressure
on management decisions.
Aims. The aim of the paper is to investigate if there are changes in tourists’ preferences
towards visiting Bucegi Natural Park, Romania, over time. The study seeks to offer useful
information for management decisions regarding the use of the park for recreation purpose.
Materials and Methods. Data were collected by conducting two surveys by approaching
tourists during their visit in 2005 (Study 1) and in 2011 (Study 2). The choice experiments
method was applied to determine the marginal willingness to pay for each attribute included
in the choice sets offered to respondents for evaluation (Champ et al., 2003). The set of
attributes differ over the two surveys to capture tourists’ satisfaction over time in respond to
management changes. The choice sets were randomly assigned, 744 choice sets being handed
in Study 1 and 528 choice sets in Study 2.
Results. Since in Study 1 wilderness was highly appreciated, tourists were asked if they
would prefer to observe the nature with or without taking guided tours, their choice being the
latest (p<0.001). Consulting a list with protected species was not preferred in either study.
However, over time, tourists have become more aware about the importance to be informed
about the park from an information center (p<0.05). Disagreements were expressed towards
the presence of more than 10 groups at the camping places (p<0.001), which are preferred to
be organized with facilities. A stronger preference may be noticed over the years towards the
choice of visiting the park (p<0.05) and not ‘staying at home’.
Conclusion. The changes in behavior indicate that over the years people became more aware
of the importance of sustainability of natural parks and also that the park administrations have
taken actions towards an optimal recreation use of the park.
References
1. Champ P.A., Boyle K.J. and Brown T.C. (2003). A Primer on Nonmarket Valuation.
Kluwer. Academic Publishers. Netherlands.
2. Louviere J.J., Hensher D.A. and Swait J.D. (2000). Stated Choice Methods – Analysis
and Application. Cambridge University Press.
212
POST-ACCESSION TRENDS OF THE ROMANIAN INTERNATIONAL
MEAT TRADE
Camelia GAVRILESCU1*
1
Institute of Agricultural Economics, Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
Keywords. extra- and intra-EU trade, meat, Romania
Introduction. The supply chains for animal products - that included mostly state-owned large
enterprises for animal husbandry and processing units - were severely disrupted due to the
land and property reforms after 1990. The new private sector started developing, but the
domestic production was unable to either replace efficiently the old supply chains, or to
satisfy the domestic demand. Imports increased gradually, mostly for pork and chicken, the
main types of meat included in the Romanian food consumption model.
Aims. The paper is analysing the evolution of the Romanian trade in meat both with the EU
and non-EU countries, in the post-accession years, as compared to the pre-accession period.
The analysis is performed separately for the main types of meat (beef, pork, chicken, sheep
and goat meat).
Materials and Methods. Data used for the calculations were extracted from Eurostat Comext
database, CN8 classification, at 2 and 4 digit levels. Romanian exports, imports, dispatches
and arrivals were examined in value terms, as well as geographical orientation of the trade
flows.
Results. The trade volume increased significantly after Romania’s accession to the EU. For
meat, the average total trade volume (exports + imports) in the post-accession period doubled
as compared to the pre-accession period. Although in the first two years of EU membership
imports increased sharply, the hit of the economic crisis in 2009 slowed down and even
reversed the upward trend of the imports, while the exports increased continuously in the
post-accession period until 2012. In 2013-2014, meat trade deficit increased again, through
the combined effect of diminishing exports and expanding imports. Between 2010 and 2014,
Romanian meat imports amounted for EUR 450-550 million yearly, with Germany and
Hungary as main suppliers (accounting together for 42-54% of the total meat imports). When
analysing the product groups, the two main types of meat consumed nationally, pork and
poultry meat, which accounted for more than 81% of the total meat imports, are showing also
the largest trade deficit.
Conclusion. In the last decade, in the Romanian agrifood trade, meat was by far the main
imported product. Despite significant expansion of both exports and imports, mostly after EU
accession, Romania is a net importer for meat, and particularly for pork and chicken; but is a
net exporter for sheep and goat meat.
213
SELF-SUFFICIENCY OF MILK CONSUMPTION IN ROMANIA IN
THE CONTEXT OF DOMESTIC SUPPLY RESTRUCTURING –
TRENDS AND PROSPECTS
Mariana GRODEA1*
1
Institute of Agricultural Economics, Romanian Academy, Bucharest
*
Keywords. self-sufficiency, milk consumption, production
Introduction. In the case of dairy products, the world demand for EU cheese will
significantly increase in the main importing countries by the year 2022 (e.g. by 65% in the
United States, by 52% in Mexico and by 33% in Russia), while the demand for EU skimmed
milk powder is expected to rise by 90% in China and by 27% in Russia. At the same time, it is
expected that EU will maintain a comfortable positive balance of trade for its dairy products
on the medium run. (Strategy for the agri-food sector development on the medium and long
term, horizon 2020-2030, MARD, 2014).
Aims. The paper aims to identify new opportunities for relaunching the Romanian milk and
dairy consumption, from the perspective of domestic supply restructuring, having in view the
support measures in this sector under the new NRDP (2014-2020).
Materials and Methods. The method utilized for the design of scenarios on the increase of
self-sufficiency in milk and dairy products was based on statistical calculations of the yearly
growth rate, of the growth rate increase and the dynamics index of utilizable production, of
imports and exports of dairy products in milk equivalent, as well as production, import and
export forecasts, having as data sources the publications of the National Institute of Statistics
– Food Balance Sheets, Population’s consumption availabilities, 2007-2014
Results. The obtained results reveal that only the decrease of imports by an average yearly
rate of 1.5%, together with the increase of utilizable production by an average yearly rate of
3%, will lead to the increase of self-sufficiency level to 96%, starting from the year 2016, and
this situation will be maintained by the year 2018.
Conclusion. The conclusions indicate that in the 2014-2018 perspective, Romania will
remain still dependent on the imports of dairy products.
References
1. Competition evolution in the key-sectors, Competition Council, 2013
2. Strategy for the agri-food sector development on the medium and long term, horizon
2020-2030, MARD, 2014;
3. Tempo-online - National Institute of Statistics, 2001-2014
214
RESEARCH REGARDING THE CURRENT AGRICULTURAL
SITUATION IN THE KURDISTAN REGIONAL GOVERNMENT, IRAQ
Rezhen HARUN1*
1
Department of Agricultural Extention. University of Sulaimani, Kurdistan Regional Government,
Iraq.
*
Keywords. agricultural development, agricultural production
Introduction. The agriculture is an effective contributor to the economy of the Kurdistan
Region and Iraq as a whole. The agriculture sector is the second contribution to the national
economy after the oil sector. In 2000 the agriculture was the main source of livelihood for
about 45% of the estimated 3.6 million people in Kurdistan Region (FAO, 2002), and
declined gradually to 23% in 2007 (MoP, 2012). Moreover, the Public Distribution System,
which substitutes imported foodstuffs for domestically produced foodstuffs, and globalization
in general continue to undermine the domestic agricultural sector by contributing to the
region’s reliance on imported produce and goods (Mohamed-Ali, 2008).
Aims. The paper analysed the current agricultural situation in order to set-up new
development strategies and research programmes.
Materials and Methods. The official data about the agricultural land, production and yield
for the main summer and winter crops from Kurdistan Region Statistics Office were used. At
the same, in order to obtain a clearer image it was done comparative analysis with Iraq,
Romania and European Union, regarding the indicators mention before.
Results. The surfaces cultivated with winter crops fluctuated from one year to another and
from one region to another. The surface cultivated with wheat increased in KGR by almost
56% from 2001 until 2011. In Romania and European Union, the cultivated surfaces with
wheat encountered a slow decrease. The area of cultivated land with wheat is the highest,
because of no use of irrigated land and depends on precipitations (rain-fed land). This can
explain by the share of the rain-fed land in total cultivated land. While in the EU, the yield of
the analysed crops increased or remained quite the same, but noticed as a negative trend in the
KRG, in spite of the cultivated surface with winter crops rose generally. Some reasons for this
situation can be lack of technologies, lack of fertilizers, the pests, and lack of preformed
breeds. The yield of rice and eggplant is almost twice times higher in the EU than in the KRG,
the yield of tomatoes in more than three times higher in the EU than in the KRG. The causes
are multiplying from the type of agricultural system used to the weather condition. Beside all
these, other problems that affect the agriculture in Kurdistan are lack of fertilizer, lack of
pesticides, diseases, lack of water for irrigation
Conclusion. In conclusion, it can be stated that the quantity of rainwater, the available water,
and the availability of other agricultural inputs such as machinery, fertilizers, agricultural
extension, the type of seeds etc. have their effects on production and productivity rates.
References
1. FAO. (2002). Agriculture in Iraq, Briefing notes of representation of Iraq.
2. Mohamed-Ali J.J. (2008). Water Resources and its Sustainability for Agricultural
Development in Sulaimani Governorate. PhD Thesis, University of Suleimani.
3. Ministry of Planning (MoP). (2012). Regional Development Strategy for Kurdistan
Region
215
HOUSEHOLDS AND FARMS IN TRANSITION
Sreten JELIĆ1, Mersida JANDRIĆ1, Branka KALANOVIĆ-BULATOVIĆ1,
Bojan DIMITRIJEVIĆ1* and Andrija DOMAZET1
1
University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Economics, Belgrade, Serbia
Keywords. Households, Farms, Characteristics, Transition, Settlements, Serbia.
Abstract: This paper highlights some of the characteristics of households and farms in the
process of transition in Serbia. In the period 1991 - 2011 the structural changes occured, when
the number of households in urban areas increased, but decresed in other types of settlements.
Also, during the above-mentioned period the total number of farms decreased.
Materials and Methods. This paper analyzes the data collected on the basis of official
publications of the National Bureau of Statistics. When processing and displaying data,
descriptive statistics, content analysis of documents and available literature were used. The
data were analyzed, systematized and presented in tables and graphs.
Results. During the period of transition in Serbia, changes in the structure of households and
farms occured. This changes have been noticed on the basis of certain socio-demographic
characteristics. The number of households in urban areas increased, from 56.92% to 61.65%.
The number of households in other settlements (villages) decreased from 43.08% to 38.35%
(National Bureau of Statistics, 2014). The number and share of farms is reduced. The age
structure of households and farms is becoming more and more unfavorable. The research
results indicate that nearly half of the total number of households have one or two members,
and that only 14.50% have 4.5 or more members. Almost half (48.8%) of the total number of
family farms use up to 2 hectares of farmland. Up to 5 ha of agricultural land is used by 78%
of the total number of farms.
Conclusion. Significant changes occured in households and farms in Serbia during the
transition period. There is still a tendency to increase the number of urban households and it’s
reduction in other areas. There was a decreasing trend in the total number of farms in the
period of 20 years (over 1/3 fewer). Bearing in mind the potential of households and farms in
Serbia there are chances of significant economic development, agriculture and society as a
whole.
References
1. Bobić M. (2004). Household of Serbia at the beginning of the third millennium, Sociodemographic analysis, Sociology. XLVI(4): 349-372
2. Đorđević Lj., (2008), Changes in the average size of household in Serbia in the second
half of the 20th century, The population. 46(1)
3. Jelić S., Živković D., Jovanović T. (2011). Monograph, Holding and household
changes, Faculty of Agriculture, Zemun.
4. Ministry of Agriculture and Environment, National Statistical Office, Strategy for
agriculture and rural development of the Republic of Serbia, in 2014.
5. National Statistical Office, Census of Population, households and dwellings in the
Republic of Serbia (2014), Book 21, p. 26
216
AN ANALYSIS OF THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF
THE SEMI-SUBSISTENCE FARMS THAT APPLIED FOR RURAL
DEVELOPMENT FUNDS IN THE NORTH-WESTERN ROMANIA
Ionel-Mugurel JITEA1*, Diana-Elena DUMITRAȘ1, Manuela Carmen SIMU1 and
Valentin MIHAI1
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Calea
Mănăștur, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
*
Keywords. sustainable farming, semi-subsistence farms, Common Agricultural Policy
Introduction. The European agriculture is developed nowadays around other key concepts,
on the idea of long-run sustainability. The Common Agricultural Policy was reformed in the
last years (2003 and 2013) to achieve this strategic goal. In Romania, the Rural Development
Program supported the farming sector through investment subsidies in order to increase the
economic resilience which was demonstrated to be one of the main important issues. When
Romania joined the European Union the agricultural sector was dominated by a large number
of subsistence and semi-subsistence farms, totally different as compared to the Western
farming model. They were supported to increase their economical size through 1500 EUR
non-refundable funds on a four year investment engagement.
Aims. The paper aims to assess the potential outcomes of this program based on the farmer
future self-assessment.
Materials and Methods. In order to achieve this aim, it was designed a twenty questions
survey that was address to 202 farmers that applied for rural development funds in the NordWestern Romanian development region. Farmers were identified based on governmental
databases and selected using simple random sample techniques. Descriptive analyses such as
frequencies, percentages and means were performed to understand the profile of the
respondents. The chi-square test was used to determine if there are differences among certain
groups and if variables are related to each other. A p-value lower than 0.05 was considered
statistically significant.
Results. Male farmers are to be found in a larger percentage than female farmers. Around
35% of farmers are aged between 40 and 49 years. Average age is 45.2 years old (SD=10.94).
There are only 38.12% graduates of high-school and/or university. More than half (55.72%)
have a certificate in agriculture, thus, they were enrolled in qualification programs in the
field. About 60% of respondents sustained that farming is the main source of income for their
household. The remaining is also employed or retired, farming representing a second source
of income. Further investigations on the relationship between gender and age were conducted
using the chi-square test. There is no statistically significant relationship between gender and
the age groups in the case of large crops, livestock and fruit tree growing (p>0.05). However,
in the case of beekeeping, results indicate that there is a statistically significant relationship
between gender and the age groups (p<0.05). The farmer future self-assessment shows that
only 37% of them intend to continue the farm business in the near future (2020 time horizon).
Conclusion. The economic environment (competition) and the family support were identified
as the main causes for the future farm business cessation.
217
SCHOOL CLOSURES AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Zsuzsanna KASSAI1, Cristina-Bianca POCOL2 and Tibor FARKAS3
1
Institute for Regional Economics and Rural Development. Szent Itsván University, Hungary
Department of Economics. University of of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary, Romania
3
Institute for Regional Economics and Rural Development. Szent Itsván University, Hungary
*
2
Keywords. School closure, rural development, local society
Introduction. Schools in rural communities play many roles. In addition to providing basic
education, they serve as social and cultural centres, too. For many rural communities, the
school is not only the social hub of the village, but the school setting also contributes to the
sense of survival of adults in the culture (Lyson, 2002).
Aims. There is a goal to identify the community-level characteristics associated with the
presence or absence of a school. With the help of different socio-economic indicators the
effects of school closures on rural settlements will be analysed.
Materials and Methods. First, the examined areas were identified in Hungary and Romania.
Then a comparative research was done based on a common set of indicators being available in
both countries. Village-level demographic, social and economic were indicators were also
selected for the comparative analysis. The secondary data were mainly obtained from
censuses and some other territorial databases of the national statistical institutes of Hungary
and Romania. The data processing was made by using statistical methods, applying SPSS
program.
Results. School consolidation has adverse effects on small rural communities. They serve as
places that enforce participation in civic and social activities and strengthen local identity.
The social and economic welfare in rural settlements are higher in communities with schools.
Conclusion. In the paper it is demonstrated that schools are vital elements of rural
communities. After closing them, rural places will have more chance to become isolated and
lose local identity and the ability of future development activities. Therefore, rural villages
lost schools can become less desirable places to live.
References
1. Lyson T.A. (2002): What Does a School Mean to a Community? Assessing the Social
and Economic Benefits of Schools to Rural Villages in New York. Journal of
Research in Rural Education. 17(3): 131-137.
218
THE IMPORTANCE OF COMMON GRAZING LANDS FOR THE
SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF NATURA 2000 AREAS IN
BULGARIA
Yanka KAZAKOVA-MATEVA1*
1
European Forum on Nature Conservation and Pastoralism/ Department of Natural Resources
Economics, University of National and World Economy, Bulgaria
*Corresponding author, e.mail: [email protected]
Keywords. GIS, common land, grazing, Natura 2000, sustainable management
Introduction. Common grazing is a traditional practice in Bulgaria. After land restitution in the
post-socialist land reform, common grasslands are owned by municipalities or the state and are
rented out for grazing to livestock breeders. The introduction of EU CAP area-based payments
have led to a series of legal changes in common land governance regulations. At the same time,
the EU nature conservation legislation requires that Natura 2000 zones are designated in a way
that protects all species and habitats of European importance. Due to the historically low-intensity
farming practices, it is estimated that the majority of common grasslands fall within the
boundaries of Natura 2000 areas in Bulgaria.
Aims. This paper aims to analyse the available data about regional distribution of common
grasslands and to assess their importance for the sustainable management of Natura 2000 zones by
estimating their eligibility for CAP direct payments.
Materials and Methods. The method used is data analysis and GIS spatial representation of both
municipal and state common grasslands across the 28 administrative districts in Bulgaria. The
common grasslands thematic map is overlaid with the layers of Natura 2000 zones under the Birds
and Habitats directives. A comparison of the territorial scope and the eligibility for CAP direct
payments of common grasslands within the SPAs (Birds directive) and pSCIs (Habitats directive)
is carried out at national level.
Results. Common grasslands are distributed throughout the country in all 28 administrative
districts. The share of municipal grasslands is bigger than the share of state-owned grasslands. At
the same time, it is important to indicate that both municipal and state grasslands can be managed
by the municipal authorities as long as they have the capacity to do so. Common grasslands show
higher concentration in districts with more mountainous territories. As a result common
grasslands seem to be more important for Natura 2000 sites in mountains than in the lowlands.
Conclusion. Based on the findings of this research work, we demonstrated that common
grasslands have an important share in the territorial scope of Natura 2000 sites and can provide
substantial financial support for ensuring their sustainable management.
References
1. Baur, I. and Binder C.R. (2013) Adapting to Societal Transitions by changing Rules in the
Governance of Common Property Pastures in the Swiss Alps, Ecology and Society Journal,
http://dlc.dlib.indiana.edu/dlc
2. Kazakova Y. and Stefanova V. (2011). Common Grazing Land in Bulgaria: Overview of
Current Status and Management Challenges. Conference paper in “Shared Resources in a
Rapidly Changing World”, European Conference of the Intl Association for the Study of the
Commons, Plovdiv, https://dlc.dlib.indiana.edu/dlc/handle/10535/7693
3. Short C. (2008) The traditional commons of England and Wales in the twenty-first century:
meeting new and old challenges, International Journal of the Commons. 2(2): 192–221.
219
ECOTOURISM: CAN A PRODUCT COMPLY WITH A SUSTAINABLE
AND RESPONSIBLE ECONOMIC MODEL AND STILL BE
MARKETABLE?
Eniko M. KOVACS1*
1
Department of Economic Sciences. University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine ClujNapoca. Romania.
*
Keywords. cooperative business, ecotourism, fair-trade, willingness-to-pay, win-win market
model
Introduction. A category of tourism products genuinely related to the ecological
conservation was developed by local communities worldwide (CMIGreen, 2010). The rising
ecotourism industry offers nowadays solutions ready to be up-scaled following a standards
framework and an increasing demand for quality ecological products.
Aims. The paper assesses the feasibility of industrial scale development of ecotourism
products at the initiative of cooperative businesses.
Materials and Methods. Through its documentary analysis, the paper investigates a set of
optimal conditions necessary to obtain marketable results from ecotourism projects
implementations. These conditions are grouped in five categories: economic model,
environmental impact, economic and social impact, product elaboration, marketing policies.
For the proof development, official data statistics and reports were corroborated with
independent studies.
Results. Though limited by the carrying capacity, the market dynamics promises a sustainable
development of the ecotourism, situated at the crossroads between the responsible, the fair,
the rural, the experiential, the adventure, the gastronomic, the ethno-cultural and the agrotourism. The stakeholders (public and private investors, regulators, communities) and the
customers consider it as a solution to the natural capital and biodiversity conservation and to
the wellbeing of poor communities - an exportable social business model applicable to a large
scale -, rather than as a financially, socially or environmentally risky activity.
Conclusion. With the appropriate environmental management, the ecotourism products
comply with sustainable and responsible tourism models and still remain marketable under
the correct willingness-to-pay assumptions and in the limits of the fair-trade transparency.
The cooperative type of enterprise seems ideal to implement such development projects in a
win-win market model, according to the spirit of the benefits sharing.
References
1. CMIGreen Community Marketing Inc. (2010). The CMI Green Traveler
Study Report 2010. 1: 22-23
220
DETERMINANTS OF FAMILY FARMS IN THE REGIONS OF SERBIA
Nikola LJILJANIC1*, Snezana JANKOVIC1, Zoran RAJIC2, Vedran TOMIC1 and
Sreten JELIC2
1
Institute for Science Application in Agriculture, Belgrade, Serbia.
University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade, Serbia.
2
Keywords. agriculture, determinants, family farms, regions
Introduction. The paper analyses family farms as important subjects in agricultural
production in the region of Sumadija and western Serbia, eastern and southern Serbia and the
region of Belgrade, where 76% of the total number of family farms in Serbia is situated. Most
family farms have a mixed production.
Materials and Methods. The survey comprised 516 family farms in these three regions. The
authors used different methods, including questionnaires, analyses, syntheses and deduction.
Moreover, the authors used the publications issued by the Serbian Statistical Office and the
data from the Census of Agriculture 2012.
Results and Discussion: Family farms are main agricultural producers in these regions. In
general, farmers have a rather low level of agricultural and financial knowledge. These
regions comprised 92% family farms with fruit production and 88% with cattle production.
The research has shown that surveyed farms are larger, have bigger production capacities and
better infrastructure, as well as an additional source of income, when compared to most farms
in these regions. Hence, the surveyed farms can serve as a representative sample.
Conclusions. Family farms are important subjects in agricultural production. They base their
income on diversified agricultural production and specialisation of certain enterprises. The
differences between the regions are quite expressed. Family farms have not fully achieved
their potential. A better coordination of the Agricultural Advisory Service and farms is
necessary to improve agricultural production and achieve better results.
Acknowledgement
The results are part of the project TR-31066, financially supported by the Ministry of
Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia.
References
1. Marčeta M., Keča Lj. and Jelić S. (2014). Perspectives and Possibilities for
Development of Rural Areas in Vojvodina through the Sector of Non-Wood Forest
Products. Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine
Cluj-Napoca Horticulture. Vol 71(2):402-407.
2. Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia, Census of Agriculture 2012 in the
Republic of Serbia, 2012.
221
ENTREPRENEURSHIP INTENTION AMONG rOMANIAN RURAL
RESIDENTS
Iulia C. MURESAN1*, Camelia F. TODORAN1, Felix H. ARION1 and Rezhen HARUN2
1
2
Department of Agricultural Extension. University of Sulaimani, Kurdistan Regional Government,
Iraq.
*
Keywords. rural tourism, investment, Transylvania
Introduction. Romania has a great rural tourism potential (Condratov, 2006). The rural
tourism rose during the last years in Romania, but still there are problems regarding the
diversity and quality of rural tourism services. The new National Rural Development Plan
encourages the investments in non-agricultural activities, among them being mention also
tourism activities.
Aims. Taking into consideration the new development trends it was consider proper to
investigate the desire of the rural communities to invest in tourism activities.
Materials and Methods. The research was conducted in the rural area of Transylvania. The
survey method was used to obtain information about the entrepreneurship intention of the
rural residents. Descriptive statistics was used to analysed the date and statistical tests were
applied to determine the factors that influence the entrepreneurship intention.
Results. Most of the respondents declared that they would like to start up a business in rural
tourism. The majority of the respondents would like to provide accommodation facilities,
beside this other services such as: restaurants, hand craft, horse riding were mentioned. The
probability of starting up a business in the rural tourism, during the next year is low, due to
lack of financial constrains.
Conclusion. In the present research work was showed that people from rural space would like
to invest in tourism and assure mainly the basic services. It is recommended that the future
development strategies to focus on the diversification of touristic services. By this way the
competiveness and attractiveness of the rural Romania tourism will increase.
References
1. Condratov I. (2006). Particularităţi ale turismului rural românesc. Revista de turism
1:48-51
222
WOMEN, APICULTURE AND DEVELOPMENT: EVALUATING THE
IMPACT OF A BEEKEEPING PROJECT ON RURAL WOMEN’S
LIVELIHOODS
Cristina Bianca POCOL1* and Molly MCDONOUGH2
1
Department of Economic Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of
Cluj Napoca, Romania
2
Heifer International Romania
*
Keywords. apiculture, Heifer International, impact evaluation, rural poverty, women
Introduction. Apiculture is often cited as a possible method of empowering rural women
(Ejigu et al 2007). Beekeeping generates a product with high market potential, while being
more easily adapted to constraints of low credit and limited land access than other agricultural
activities (Ogaba 2002). Beekeepers in Romania are predominantly male, however studies
have shown a growing popularity of the activity among women (Pocol et al 2012).
Aims. In 2008, Heifer International and AGAPIS foundation partnered to introduce
beekeeping to poor families in Salaj County, Romania. The project encouraged equal
participation among women and men. The goal of this study is to assess the impact of the
project on female beneficiaries several years later.
Materials and Methods. The methodology used was surveying via a quantitative and
qualitative questionnaire. Quantitative data collected included the number of beehives,
experience in beekeeping, products and quantities obtained, marketing channels, involvement
in beekeeping tasks and demographic aspects. Qualitative data collected included women’s
perception of the difficulties of beekeeping, evaluation of training activities, consumption
habits, benefits, motivations and future expectations. The sample size was 30 women, from all
of the families involved in the project in Rus village.
Results. Women continue to practice subsistence farming and beekeeping remains smallscale. However, improvements in household revenues and women’s participation are
observed. Production is focused mainly on honey, which is sold through informal channels.
Women welcome the idea of further diversification through value-added products, and further
training to improve market access could provide additional benefits. Families consume more
honey and the women acknowledge nutritional benefits. The Heifer principle of “passing on
the gift” helped build connections among local women beekeepers.
Conclusion. The study offers advice and best practices for future apicultural development
projects. It reminds practitioners of the importance of activities that facilitate women’s
empowerment and agency in rural community development.
223
MANAGEMENT OF AGRO-TOURISTIC RESOURCES WITH
VINEYARD SPECIFIC FROM SOUTHERN DOBROGEA
Marius POPESCU1*
1
Faculty of Food and Tourism. Transilvania University of Brasov, Romania.
*
Keywords. agro-tourism, Dobrogea, rural, sustainable
Introduction. Southern Dobrogea is a region with touristic attractions, generated by natural
conditions and human civilization traces. In this area, there were wine concerns in ancient
times, indeed supported by numerous archaeological finds, showing signs of Dionysian cult.
The join of wine resources with local touristic resources can form a traditional agro-tourism
product which will contribute to sustainable economic development of villages in Southern
Dobrogea.
Aims. The purpose of this paper is to define the specific tourism with winery profile in
Southern Dobrogea and finding solutions for sustainable development of this type of tourism
in rural areas in this region.
Materials and Methods. The research methodology consists of bibliographic documentation,
field research, creation and application of a questionnaire to identify villages with high winery
potential, with specific customs and traditions, and opportunities of capitalization wine
resources for agro-tourism.
Results. Touristic potential with wine profile consists of vineyards, and natural touristic
resources, cultural, historical and religious sites. Thus, there is the opportunity to develop
agro-touristic villages, that will emphasize major touristic flows, through authenticity and
unique, revitalizing the rural settlements with natural touristic potential, ethno-cultural and
winery potential in Southern Dobrogea.
Conclusion. The placement of enotouristic points for wine tastings and demonstrations of
traditional art on vintage and winemaking process, with cultural sites and local cuisine are
resources that will contribute to sustainable development of tourism in rural area from
Southern Dobrogea.
References
1. Constantinescu G. and Gheorghiu A. (1977). Vineyard and wine routes in Romania.
Sport-Tourism Publishing, Bucharest.
2. Glăvan V. (2003). Rural tourism. Agro-tourism. Sustainable tourism. Ecotourism.
Economic Publishing, Bucharest.
3. Ranca A., Brăduceanu D., Mihăilescu I. Fl. and Popescu M. (2007). Wines routes in
Dobrogea-solution for a sustainable development of the local agro-touristic potential.
Journal of environmental protection and ecology. 8 (3):591-596.
224
ECONOMIC OPTIMIZATION OF THE FERTILIZATION SYSTEM ON
CORN CROPS ON A REPRESENTATIVE SOIL IN THE
TRANSYLVANIAN PLAIN
Andra PORUŢIU1*, Felix ARION2, Iulia MUREŞAN3, Raluca FĂRCAŞ4, Tudor
SĂLĂGEAN4 and Lavinia MOLDOVAN5
1,2,3
Department of Economic Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine,
4
Department of Land and Cadastral Measurements, Technical University, Cluj-Napoca,
5
Department of Agrochemistry, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, ClujNapoca, Romania.
Keywords. corn crops, economic optimization, fertilization systems, nitrogen-phosphorous
interaction, productions.
Introduction. The promotion during the last decades of the concept of durable and
sustainable agriculture attracted the application of principles that lead to agriculture
technologies which are both technically and economically productive, providing effective
solutions for protecting the environment and the consumers. They also insure the productivity
of the factors involved and also an optimization of the production components.
Aims. The goal of this research is to scientifically and economically substantiate the
differentiated fertilization systems involved in obtaining high productions in the reference
area. In this study it was track the effect of the nitrogen-potassium interaction in achieving the
corn productions obtained in 2011. The research presents the stated results as annual (partial)
values and as being reference values for further experimental years and obviously with
approaches that will economically substantiate the suggested solutions.
Materials and Methods. The current research is based on the production results obtained on
corn crops (Turda STAR Variety) in long term experiments conducted on an argyle
chernozem soil in Turda (Cluj County). The production data are obtained from these
experiments, which hold objectives that target both the effect and economic efficiency of
differentiated fertilizations on corn productions and also the impact of fertilizers on the soil
fertility evolution, on the quality of the productions obtained. The field experience which
underpins the achievement of objectives is a bi-factorial structure that tracks the effect of the
NP interaction on corn.
Results. The rate of return, as a mean of all the values that derive from all nitrogenphosphorous combinations was at a very high level, 80%, with a maximum of the individual
values reached at the fertilizing combination N200P160, at which the value of the production
increase due to the applied dose, reached the maximum value (6041kg/ha).
Conclusion. The revenue obtained from the production increase for 1 leu spent was of 2,02
lei. In case of corn crops, especially Turda STAR hybrid and an intensive fertilization, it can
be currently obtained 12-14 t grains of corn per hectare. Corn is not as sensitive as wheat, for
example, to an imbalanced NP ratio and responds to this through high productions even for N
overdoses, that can sustain high and economic corn grain productions per surface unit.
225
IMPACT OF ARABLE LAND SIZE ON TRACTOR USE SCALE
Martin TAKALIĆ1* and Sven BLAŽIČEVIĆ2
1
Department of Agro-economics, Faculty of Agriculture in Osijek, University in Osijek, Croatia
2
Student of the graduate program at the Faculty of Agriculture in Osijek, Croatia
*
Keywords. family farms equipment, arable land, tractor use scale.
Introduction. Tractor use scope is affected by the arable land size ha → kWh. The research
of this regression impact should contribute to optimizing family farms tractors equipment and
increasing the annual scale of their use. Properly sized agricultural machinery on family farms
is important for competitiveness enhancement of Croatian agriculture on the European market
of agricultural products.
Aims. Assignment of the research is to determine the equipment of family farms in arable
land and tractors as well as to find out annual scale of the tractor use. The aim is to determine
the shape, direction and the regression relationship strength between arable land and the
tractor use scale.
Materials and Methods. The research of the family farms equipment was conducted in the
second part of 2013 in Osijek-Baranya and Vukovar-Srijem County. Twenty four family
farms located in 19 villages were monitored. Family farms were engaged only in crop
production and each owned more than 10 hectares of arable land. The gathered data were first
recorded in the Microsoft Excel table calculator and then arranged. Mathematical and
statistical analysis was conducted in the Mathcad Professional program.
Results. The farms had a total of 1,703 hectares of arable land. The minimum size of a family
farm arable land was 12.1 ha and the maximum 220.6 ha. Arable land is made up of 365
separated parcels. Sixty one tractors of total installed engine power of 4,105 kW were used.
Average annual tractor use scale was 735.92 kWh / ha. Linear regression equation of arable
land affected tractor use scale was: y = -7.08445 + 0.83575·x.
Conclusion. Connection between the phenomena explained 60.50% of deviation squares of
the annual tractors use on farms from the average annual use.
References
1. Leithold L. (1986). The calculus of a single variable with analytic geometry, Harper &
Row, Publishers, New York.
2. Par V. and Njavro M. (2003). Opremljenost obiteljskih poljoprivrednih gospodarstava
traktorima (eng.Equipment of Family Farms in Tractors) 31. Symposium "Actual
Taska on Agricultural Engineering", Opatija, 31-37.
3. Šošić I. and Serdar V. (1997). Uvod u statistiku (eng.Introduction into Statistics),
Školska knjiga, Zagreb.
226
FARMERS PERCEPTIONS ABOUT ORGANIC AGRICULTURE
Camelia F. TODORAN1, Iulia C. MURESAN1*, Rezhen HARUN2, Gabriela O.
CHICIUDEAN1 and Andra PORUTIU1
1
2
Department of Agricultural Extension. University of Sulaimani, Kurdistan Regional Government,
Iraq.
*
Keywords. organic agriculture, benefits of organic farming
Introduction. The organic land represents 0.9% of the world’s agricultural land (Willer and
Kilcher, 2011). The previous studies related to organic farming analyzed the environment
impact, the consumers’ perception about the organic products, economic benefits. In the value
chain of the organic products, an important player is represented by the farmers.
Aims. The main objective of the paper was to identify the perception about organic
agriculture of the farmers.
Materials and Methods. The research was conducted in the farms from the North-West
Region of Romania. To achieve the objective of the paper a survey was conducted during
November 2014-March 2015. The five point Likert scale was used to find out the respondents
agreement about organic farming. The collected data were analysed using the descriptive
statistics. The hi-square test was used to see if there is any link between the sociodemographic characteristics and their perception about the organic farming.
Results. The respondents consider that the organic farming is protecting the environment. At
the same time the organic farming is more expensive and has lower production than the
conventional agriculture. The respondents agree that organic farming is more suitable form
small and medium farms, than for large farms. The younger people are more attract and
positive thinking about the organic agriculture.
Conclusion. In the present research work was showed that the farmers know the benefits of
the organic agriculture, but at the same time it is not attractive for them due to the high costs
of the inputs and low production.
References
1. Willer H. and Kilcher L. (2011). The world of organic agriculture. Statistics and
emerging trends 2011. IFOAM
227
DIVERSITY OF SMALL FAMILY FARMS IN CROATIAN RURAL
ECONOMY
Snježana TOLIĆ1*, Lidija MAUROVIĆ KOŠČAK1 and Bojana MARKOTIĆ
KRSTINIĆ2
1
Department of Agro-economics, Faculty of Agriculture in Osijek, University in Osijek, Croatia
2
LEADER network Croatia, Croatia
*
Keywords. diversity of rural economy, rural business incubator, small family farms, survey
Introduction. The increasing tendency of young and active people to leave their place of
residence has taken alarming ration, especially in areas with a peripheral position and less
developed main central settlements. They live because of the poor business climate, and low
entrepreneurial perspectives of small family farms in food production, processing and other
similar rural activities.
Aims. The paper presents a new approach of using rural diversification potential through
implementation of the new model of tailor-made technology-innovation incubator for small
family farms development.
Materials and Methods. The paper relied primarily on the input and experience of local and
regional agro-economics experts and stakeholders with a direct or peripheral interest in
agriculture and food processing success in the Local action group Posavina, in Croatia.
Results. Based upon an investigation the students of biotechnology science show significantly
higher interest in running their own business compared to the students in other sciences
(Ilišin, Potočnik, 2008). The survey and experience of the authors of this paper show that this
interest is a result of having agriculture production resources and skills. They have similar
opinion as many other authors who work on rural business incubator implementation. Some
of them say: “Incubators come as a response to the needs of small and medium enterprises in
key steps of a business, such as initiation and market penetration” (Muraru and Rusei, 2012).
Conclusion. In this paper, the authors stated some experiences about improvement of
assumptions for more intensive rural economy activities, especially those in food production
and processing.
References
1. Ilišin V. and Potočnik, D. (2008). Profesionalne i životne aspiracije studenata
Zagrebačkoga sveučilišta, Sociologija i prostor /(eng.) Professional and life aspiration
of students of University of Zagreb, Sociology and Space/, 46, 181–182 (3–4): 285–
309.
2. Moraru C. and Rusei A. (2012). Business Incubators – Favorable Environment for
Small and Medium Enterprises Development. Theoretical and Applied Economics,
5(570): 169-176.
228
THE INFANT MORTALITY RATE IN OECD COUNTRIES –
DETERMINANTS AND IMPLICATIONS
Viorela-Ligia VĂIDEAN1* and Marina FERENŢ-PIPAŞ1
1
Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, “Babeş-Bolyai” University, Romania.
*
Keywords. Infant mortality rate, Number of hospital beds, Public healthcare spending
Introduction. One of the most stringent challenges of the last lustrum’s policy setting is to be
found in improving the healthcare system outcomes while accounting for the cost pressures
imposed on the one hand by the current fiscal positions and by the rapidly rising healthcare
costs on the other.
Aims. In the context of Romania’s willingness to access the OECD and given the rising
importance of the health status improvement, the present study evaluates the determinants of
the infant mortality rate indicator, as a health proxy.
Materials and Methods. Supporting the better health desideratum, our study reviews the
literature dealing with the estimation of infant mortality rate through econometric modeling.
Our paper examines the relationship between the dependent variable and four classes of
exogenous variables: Health expenditures; Healthcare resources; Healthcare activities and
Risk factors. After examining both the dependent and the independent variables, the step-wise
estimation was carried out, using the Ordinary Least squares technique, and a Fixed Effects
Model as opposed to a Random Effects Model for panel data. Further on, the cross-country
differences in health status along were computed.
Results. The best model was chosen based on goodness-of fit measures (R-squared, Akaike
and Schwartz Info Criterions etc.) after testing for the assumptions of the multiple regression
analysis.
The p-value of the t-test was verified for each of the dependent variables in order to check for
their significance, and the estimated coefficients proved to be significant. A comparison was
made in terms of best performance country groups, suggesting that no healthcare system
outperforms the other in delivering cost-effective healthcare.
Conclusion. These results strengthen the importance of healthcare expenditures and resources
on the improvement of the healthcare output. Finding optimal levels of these factors would
represent a major point in the literature. Moreover, although the infant mortality rate has
maintained a downward trend, it does not necessarily mean that citizens would live better or
healthier.
229
Section 6-7: Animal Science and Biotechnologies
ELEMENTAL AND ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION OF DIFFERENT HARD
PARTS OF FRESHWATER FISH: BACKGROUND AND
APPLICATIONS
Andreas ZITEK1*, Johanna IRRGEHER1+, Leo KIRCHMAIER1, Johannes OEHM2,
Anastassiya TCHAIKOVSKY1, Anika RETZMANN1, Thomas PROHASKA1
1
Department of Chemistry, Division of Analytical Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life
Sciences Vienna, Austria.
2
Institute of Ecology, Applied and Trophic Ecology Research Group, University of Innsbruck, Austria.
+
Currently visiting researcher at the Helmholtz Center Geesthacht, Germany.
*
Keywords. Sr isotopes, fish otoliths, scales, fin rays, mass spectrometry
Introduction. Different fish hard parts are known to record environmental conditions
experienced over the lifespan of a fish, such as the chemical composition of water (Campana
1999).Therefore, the elemental and isotopic compositions of fish hard parts are increasingly
applied to answer different ecological questions, e.g. the origin and migration of fish. Much
research has been conducted on fish otoliths, and – to a lesser extent - on other hard parts like
scales, fin rays or vertebrae, with scales and fin rays representing important non-lethal
sampling alternatives.
Aims. We will present the combined results of several case studies, where elemental and
isotopic compositions of different hard parts of fish (otoliths, fin rays, scales, vertebrae and
eye lenses) were analysed and applied to different ecological questions.
Materials and Methods. Elemental compositions of otoliths, eye lenses, scales, vertebrae
and fin rays of freshwater fish from different sites were analysed by inductively coupled
plasma quadrupole mass spectrometry (ICP-QMS). The 87Sr/86Sr isotope ratio was determined
by multi-collector inductively coupled plasma sector field mass spectrometry (MC ICPSFMS). Spatially resolved direct solid sample analysis of different hard parts was performed
by using a laser ablation system coupled to ICP-MS.
Results. The Sr/Ca and 87Sr/86Sr ratios in fish otoliths generally reflected well the
composition of the ambient water and were positively correlated with the values gained from
vertebrae and scales and fin rays. Significantly elevated concentrations of Zn, Pb, Mn, and Cu
in water lead to elevated concentrations especially in scales, vertebrae and fin rays and to a
lesser extent in otoliths.
Conclusion. Elemental and isotopic pattern in different fish hard parts of freshwater fish can
be used to answer a wide variety of ecological and environmental questions. Non-lethal
sampling of scales and fin rays has high potential especially when endangered species are
involved.
References
1. Campana, S.E. (1999): Chemistry and composition of fish otoliths: pathways,
mechanisms and applications. Mar Ecol Prog Ser. 188, 263-297.
230
TRACEABILITY OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS
Thomas PROHASKA1, Johanna IRRGEHER1* and Andreas ZITEK1
1
Department of Chemistry – VIRIS Laboratory. University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences
Vienna, Austria.
+
Currently visiting researcher at the Helmholtz CenerGeesthacht, Germany
*
Keywords. food provenance, isoscapes, isotopic tools
Introduction. Proof of the provenance and authenticity of food has become a major concern
in consumer and producer protection. As a consequence, ‘fighting fraud with science’ has
become a major issue since common traceability systems of food based on paper track have
proven not to be fraud resistant. A number of analytical techniques and scientific approaches
have been developed under the term ‘food forensic science’ making use of specific chemical
and physical properties of food commodities as unique fingerprint to prove provenance,
originality or authenticity of food products.
Aims. The aims is to give a comprehensive overview of analytical techniques are applied to
determine a specific chemical composition of a food product with a special focus on the
specific isotopic composition assessed by mass spectrometry. (Rodrigues et al. 2011).
Materials and Methods. Multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry has
shown a significant potential for the identification of the isotopic composition of a number of
elements. All above, Sr and Pb are used to identify the provenance of food commodities. The
bioavailable Sr and Pb signal of local soils and waters is used to assess so called isoscapes
using geographical information system software in order to identify specific fingermarks of
selected regions. The isotopic composition of selected food products (e.g. vegetables, fruits,
fish and fish products (caviar)) can be related to provenances via these isoscapes.
Results. The isotopic variation of the ‘bio elements’ like (C, N, O, H, S) has been proven to
show a relation to provenance, originality or authenticity. Nonetheless, seasonal variations of
humidity and dryness, the onset of winter, fertilizers as well as environmental or human
impacts can influence these isotopic signatures. Therefore, novel signatures have been
investigated to provide additional information. In this respect, Sr and Pb stand out for their
significant variation and presence in nature and can be directly linked to the soil or water.
Conclusion. The traceability of agricultural products can be accomplished by using modern
isotopic techniques and in combination with profound chemometric approaches the origin of
food can be – in selected examples – determined by almost 100 % even after processing.
References
1. Rodrigues, C; Maguas, C; Prohaska, T (2011): Strontium and oxygen isotope
fingerprinting of green coffee beans and its potential to proof authenticity of coffee. Eur
Food Res Technol; 232(2): 361-373.
231
INSECTS AS AN ALTERNATIVE SOURCE OF PROTEIN FOR
ANIMAL FEEDING: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Vladimír VRABEC1* and Martin KULMA1
1
Department of Zoology and Fisheries. University of Life Sciences in Prague. Czech Republic
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords. insects, nutrient content, alternative protein source, amino acid
Introduction. The world population is constantly increasing and human eating habits are
globally changing as well. Therefore, the production of meat represents a serious challenge
for the future. In regard to production optimization, it is necessary to provide sufficient
quantities of quality feed to unlock maximal genetic potential of animals. All monogastric
livestock (and fish in aquaculture as well) need high quality protein. Since November 2000,
meat bone meals can no longer be used in diets of animals for human consumption (Deydier
et al., 2005). Because of this fact, soybean meal and fishmeal are now the most widely used
protein sources in animal feeding. Unfortunately, obtaining both of the above mentioned
meals leads to local environmental degradations. Therefore, it is essential to find alternative
protein sources. Insects are currently, considered to possibly be one of the sources, mainly
due to their high protein content, cultivation on industry by-products and organic waste, high
feed conversion, high fecundity and low space requirements in the rearing process (Rumpold
et Schlütter, 2013).
Aims. The aim of this paper was to investigate if insects could be used as full-fledged
substitutes for most commonly used protein sources in feedstuff for animals.
Materials and Methods. This review contains the collection of available information about
insect protein. We focused on the insect species, which are reported as a possible source of
protein and compared quantity (crude protein content) and quality (amino acid composition)
of their proteins with commonly used commercial protein sources – fishmeal and soybean
meal.
Results. The protein content of most reviewed insect species could be considered as
comparable to conventional commercial protein sources in terms of protein quantification. In
terms of essential amino acid composition, it was found that insect protein is more similar to
soybean protein than that of fishmeal or casein.
Conclusion. Based on the collected data, we assume that insect meals could be considered as
a potential replacement of currently used protein sources in agriculture. Further research
including more aspects (mass production, economy, etc.) of using insect meals is undoubtedly
needed.
References
1. Deydier, E., Guilet, R., Sarda, S. and Sharrock, P. (2005). Physical and chemical
characterisation of crude meat and bone meal combustion residue: “waste or raw
material?”. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 121: 141 – 148.
2. Rumpold, B. A. and Schlüter, O. K. (2013). Potential and challenges of insects as an
innovative source for food and feed production. Innovative Food Science and Emerging
Technologies. 17: 11 – 13.
232
BREEDING STRATEGIES IN HUNGARIAN SIMMENTAL BREED
István KOMLÓSI1, Balázs HUTH2
University of Debrecen, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Science and Environmental Management,
Hungary
2
Association of Hungarian Simmental Breeders, Hungary
Keywords. breeding, selection, index, dual-purpose, cattle
Introduction. Setting up the breeding objectives in dual purpose breeding requires caution
since the traits improved by simultaneous selection are most of the time antagonistic, such as
milk and meat production, and functional traits. At the same time, attention should be paid to
market changes.
Aims. The authors’ aim was to evaluate traits of the Hungarian Simmental breed (fattening
and slaughter traits, calving ease, still birth, persistency, fertility), to calculate genetic
parameters as well as to establish breeding value evaluation models for selection purposes.
Results. Concerning the fattening and slaughter results, significant differences were
established among sires’ breeding values. The calendar month affected the calving ease
similarly in heifers and cows. The correlation between heifer and cow calving ease was 0.2,
which necessitates a separate breeding value evaluation, and different use of bulls for heifers
and cows.
The frequency of stillbirth decreased during the years; the average value was 12.9%. Despite
the decreasing tendency, the inclusion of the trait in selection index and direct selection for
the trait is justified. The herd, year-season, lactation number, days open, 305-day milk yield
and the permanent environment significantly influenced the persistency (P<0.001). The
heifers’ conceptions were significantly affected (P<0.05) by the following factors: herd,
season, inseminator, fertilizing bull, heifer’s age. In addition, the conception of cows was
significantly affected (P<0.05) by the number of lactations, permanent environment, and milk
production during lactation.
Conclusion. The new dual purpose index was developed for breeding purpose and to meet
market expectations, composed of 40% milk, 30% meat and 30% fitness traits.
233
NITROGEN DYNAMICS IN AN INTEGRATED HYBRID STURGEON
AND OREGANO AQUAPONIC SYSTEM, USING THE NUTRIENT
FILM TECHNIQUE AND DIFFERENT CROP DENSITIES
Alexandru-Cristian BANDI1*, Victor CRISTEA1, Lucian GEORGESCU2, Lorena
DEDIU1, Paul LUPOAE3, Ștefan Mihai PETREA1 and Săndița PLĂCINTĂ1
1
Department of Aquaculture, Environmental Science and Cadaster, “Dunarea de Jos” University of
Galati, Romania.
2
Department of Chemistry, Physics and Envronment, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati,
Romania.
3
”Răsvan Angheluţă” Natural Sciences Museum Complex of Galati, Romania.
*
Keywords. hybrid sturgeon, integrated aquaponic system, NFT, nitrogen dynamics, oregano
Introduction. A significant advantage for the nutrient film technique (NFT) is the fact that it
shortens the vegetation time of leafy greens, while the vulnerability of this production
technique is that it proves to be completely unsuitable for crops that need a longer growth
cycle to reach maturity and also that it induces considerable variations of the water
temperature.
Aims. The main aim was to identify the nitrogen compounds dynamic of the technological
water in a hybrid sturgeon-oregano integrated aquaponic system, where two crop densities
and the NFT were applied. The secondary aim of the study was to quantify the nitrogen
budget from the above mentioned system.
Materials and Methods. The experiment was conducted in triplicate, using 6 NFT aquaponic
units. Two crop densities were applied (V1–62plants/m2 and V2–31plants/m3).Water samples
were taken and analysed using photospectrometric methods (and Merck kits). The hybrid
sturgeon (A. ruthenus x H. huso) meat, oregano (O. vulgare) and also faeces nitrogen content
was determined with the Kjeldahl method.
Results. Significant differences (p<0.05) were obtained between the two experimental
variants (V1, V2) in terms of N-NO3¯ and N-NH4+ removal rate. Significant differences were
also obtained in terms of nitrogen concentration of oregano leaves and roots, between the two
experimental variants. The nitrogen concentration from faeces has registered a slight upward
tendency during the last days of the experimental period.
Conclusion. The main conclusion was that oregano grown in aquaponic conditions has a
significant bioremediation capacity, confirmed by the technological water nitrogen
compounds dynamic and removal rates. Also, another conclusion was that the crop density
used in V1 proved to be better in terms of optimizing the water quality of a recirculating
system, a fact based on the obtained nitrogen budget.
234
POLYSACCHARIDE STORAGE MYOPATHY (PSSM) –
GENETICALLY DETERMINED DISEASE IN HORSES
Flavius BANYAI1*, Augustin VLAIC1
1
Department of Fundamental Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Animal Science and
Biotechnologies, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Keywords. horse, polysaccharide storage myopathy, GYS1 mutation, PCR-RFLP
Introduction. Polysaccharide Storage Myopathy (PSSM) in horses characterized by
abnormal glycogen accumulation in skeletal muscle and muscle damage with exertion. A
genome wide association study identified a G/A substitution in GYS1 gene as a candidate for
PSSM in horses (McCue et al. 2008).
Aims. In Romanian horses breeds there is little information about this and therefore the
objective of this study was to do a first evaluation of two indigenous horse breeds for
presence of this polymorphism of GYS1 gene.
Materials and Methods. A number of 14 hairs samples were collected from two breeds
(Semigreu Romanesc and Lipitan). The genomic DNA was isolated the Quick-gDNA Mini
Prep kit, according to the manufacturer’s protocol. A 229 bp fragment targeting the
polymorphic region of GYS1 gene was amplified with a set of specific primers, reported
before (McCue et al. 2008). PCR products were digested HpyCH4V restriction enzyme and
the resulting fragments were resolved in 3% agarose.
Results. Two fragments (151 and 78 bp) were resolved in the gel that corresponds to GG
genotypes, while four fragments (151, 97, 78 and 54 bp) were obtained in the case of
heterozygous AG genotypes. All analyzed Lipitan horses were homozygous for the G allele,
while all Semigreul Romanesc horses were heterozygous carriers of A allele that is associated
with PSSM.
Conclusion. Further studies on a larger number of horses are needed to establish more
accurately the frequency of this mutation in Romanian breeds.
References
1. McCue, Molly E., Valberg, Stephanie J., Miller, Michael B., Wade, Claire, Dimauro,
Salvatore, Akman, Hasan O., Mickelson, James R. (2008). Glycogen synthase (GYS1)
mutation causes a novel skeletal muscle glycogenosis. Genomics. 91, 4
235
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF ORGANIC AND
MINERAL FERTILIZERS ON THE FLORISTIC COMPOSITION ON
PERMANENT GRASSLAND IN PETROVA, MARAMUREŞ
Adela L. BOTIŞ1*, gheorghe MIHAI1, Nicuşor SIMA1, Doru CRISTE1, Iulia MEDREA1,
Bogdan FĂGĂDAR1
1
Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Biotechnologies, University of Agricultural Sciences and
Veterinary Medicine, 3-5 Mănăştur Street, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
*
Keywords. fertilizers, flora, grassland, manure, mineral
Introduction. During the last decades, scientists has been concerned by increasing
productivity on grasslands, this being the point in developing mineral fertilizers and using
them at a high rate without the question of healthy and high quality forage. Since soil and
plants are the starting point for fodder and later on the chain of consumption of our own food,
forage quality should be of great concern in developing technologies for grasslands in this
case.
Aims. The aim of this research is to compare the effect of different fertilizers, both organic
and mineral, on the floristic composition on permanent grassland in Maramureş, more
specifically in Petrova. Since fertilizers influence the flora on a pasture, it is important to
emphasize the difference between the effect of mineral and organic fertilizers in this matter,
and the point where it is better to use a certain fertilizer to obtain better forage.
Materials and Methods. Research in the area began three centuries ago by describing the
vegetation and it evolved by studying methods to obtain an increasing yield. In Petrova there
are two experimental fields which are used to answer questions regarding yield and quality of
forage by using different types of fertilizers in different doses. One of the experiments there
established in 2012 is fertilized strictly with organic fertilizers, while the one conducted since
2010 is fertilized with organic matter and also with mineral fertilizers like phosphorus and
nitrogen. Both experiments were placed by randomized blocks method. The experimental
fields, a Festuca rubra - Agrostis capillaris meadow, were fertilized annually, in autumn,
starting with the year in which they were set. Each variant was fertilized with different types
of fertilizer and different doses in accordance with the experimental protocol.
Results. The determination of the floristic composition of the meadow was realized after
every cut to determine the effect of fertilizers on the vegetation, especially the effect on the
percentage of valuable species in the vegetation cover. It is also important to emphasize
another facto which influenced the floristic composition, the variants in the field being
harrowed, half of them, and un-harrowed on the organic experiment.
Conclusion. Since perception of agriculture and fodder crops is developing and changing
towards obtaining good quality products, methods for sustaining this process must be found
and organic fertilizers might provide an answer to this matter. Combining organic and mineral
fertilizers should solve problems concerning yield and quality, but it is necessary to know the
point where quantity is more important than quality of forage and the other way around.
236
STUDY OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTIMICROBIAL
ACTIVITY OF AQUEOUS AND FLAVONOID EXTRACTS AND
ESSENTIAL OIL FROM THE LEAVES OF INULA VISCOSA
Hamida Saida CHERIF,1* Saidi, FAIROUZ1, Rouibi, ABDELHAK1, Gourai, HINDA1
Biotechnology, Environment and Health Laboratory
Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life, Université Blida-1 Route de Soumâa BP
270, Blida-Algérie.
Keywords. Inula viscosa leaves, essential oil, aqueous extract, flavonoid extract, biological
activities
Introduction. The viscous Inula (Inula viscosa) of the Aster (Quezel and Santa, 1963) is
widely renowned for its spontaneous therapeutic properties (Hernandez et al., 2007) and
interesting biological potential (Manez et al. 2007).
Aims. This study focused on the one hand, on the phytochemical and chromatographic
analysis of the aerial part of Inula and the evaluation of antimicrobial activity of the essential
oil and aqueous extracts and flavonoid, as well as the anti-inflammatory effect thereof.
Materials and Methods. The aqueous extract was analysed by HCPL, and the essential oil
extracted from the leaves by stripping with water vapour was analyzed by GC/MS.
Results. The chemical composition of the essential oil, determined at 98% includes 63
compounds, mostly sesquiterpenes, including nerolidol (29.68%) caryophyllene (4.23%) and
fernésène (4.35%). The leaves were found to be rich also in highly polar flavonoids with a
yield of 22.35% and a concentration of quercetin 164.32µg EQ/ml.
Regarding antimicrobial activity, the essential oil had an effect on E. coli (20mm),
Staphylococcus aureus (14mm) and Candida albicans (17mm), the aqueous extract of E. coli
(18mm) and Candida albicans (14mm), while flavonoid extract had an effect on
Saccharomyces cerevicieae (11 mm) and E. coli (12 mm). The three extracts showed
moderate antimicrobial activity. The aqueous and flavonoid extracts showed antiinflammatory action with a reduction of 53.19% edema, 71.34% and 73.68% in the treated
mice compared to the group treated with the reference product, Diclofenac (64.23%).
Conclusion. Inula viscosa is a source of bioactive compounds including flavonoids and
sesquiterpenes derivatives, and it has an undeniable importance.
References
1. Hernandez V., Recio M.C., Manez S., Giner R.M., Rios J.L. (2007). Effect of naturally
occurring dihydroflavonols from Inula viscosa on inflammation and enzymes involves in
the arachidonoc acid metabolism. Life Sci 80: 480-488.
2. Manez S., Hernandez V., Giner R.M., Rios J.L., Recio M.C. (2007). Inhibition of
proinflammatory enzymes by inuviscolide a sesquiterpene lactone from Inula viscose.
Fitoterapia: 329-331
3. Quezel P. and Santa S. (1963). Nouvelle flore de l’Algerie et des regions désertiques
méridionales. Tome I , Edition CNRS, Paris
237
ANALYSIS OF THE MORPHOPRODUCTIVE CAPACITIES OF A
SHEEP POPULATION OF ŢIGAIE BREED
Vasile CIGHI 1, Teofil OROIAN 1, Dorel DRONCA 2
1
2
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine ClujNapoca
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Banat King Michael I of
Romania in Timisoara
*Corresponding author, e-mail:[email protected]
Keywords. variety, rusty, “bucalaie variety”, conformation
Introduction. Tigaie sheep, which is quite widespread, adequate for mixed exploitation and
with a good combinatory capacity, ensures significant benefits for Romanian sheep farmers as
concerns effective use for meat and dairy produce production.
Aims. The aim of this study is to compare the “bucalaie” and rusty varieties of Tigaie in
terms of conformation, body weight and wool production.
Materials and method. The biological material used in the study was two varieties of a
Tigaie sheep population of the breed in Geaca commune, Cluj County.
Results and discussions. As concerns measurements of conformation (height at withers,
croup, length of body, depth of thorax, breadth of chest, etc.), in mother ewes we find slightly
higher values in the “bucalaie” variety, although the differences are not statistically
significant. Statistically insignificant differences also occur in the body weight of lams at birth
and weaning. In 6 month old individuals, in ewe lambs and mother ewes, the differences
between the two varieties in terms of this feature are distinctively significant in favour of the
“bucalaie” variety. The quantity of wool production for the two varieties is similar: 3.22 ±
0.05 kg for the “bucalaie” variety, and 3.38 ± 0.06 kg for the rusty variety.
Conclusions. The acceptable level of variability and the good combinatory capacity of the
breed represent the premises of high genetic progress and of the effective utilisation of the
heterosis effect in breed improvement work.
References
1. CighiVasile (2008) Elemente de tehnică experimentală. Ed. Risoprint, ClujNapoca.
2. Dărăban Stelian (2006) Tehnologia creşterii ovinelor. Ed. Risoprint Cluj-Napoca.
3. Grosu Horea, Pascal A., Oltenacu, (2005) Programe de ameliorare genetic în
zootehnie. Ed.Ceres Bucureşti.
238
DANUBE CRAYFISH (ASTACUS LEPTODACTYLUS, ESCHSCHOLTZ,
1823) FROM ŢAGA MARE LAKE – SIZE, AGE AND SEX
POPULATION STRUCTURE
Daniel COCAN1, Iulius ROTAR1, Vioara MIREŞAN1*
1
Faculty of Animal Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Mănăştur Street 3-5, 400372, Romania.
Keywords. Astacus leptodactylus, morphometry, population structure
Introduction. Ţaga Mare Lake is part of a chain of ponds and puddles (Fizeş Valley),
stretched over 40 km, between Cămăraşu and Gherla, Cluj County. The chemical composition
of the water and relatively large amounts of Ca+, in particular in the area of the benthic zone
(Sorocovschi, 2009), promotes the development of crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus)
populations. The area of distribution of the Danube crayfish includes in particular areas of
southern, eastern and western Romania (Pârvulescu, 2009), but populations are stable also
into the Transylvania Plateau.
Aims. The aim of this study was to make a phenotypic characterization of Danube crayfish
from Ţaga Mare Lake and to establish their age and sex structure.
Materials and Methods. Experiments were carried out between August-September 2014.
Using traps, 73 specimens (27 males and 46 females) were captured. Determination of age
and sex was based on determination keys. Phenotypic characterization was based on 18
morphological characters. Data were statistically interpreted.
Results. In Ţaga Mare Lake, three age categories (2+, 3+, 4+) were identified. We do not
exclude the possible presence of other age categories, but we believe that younger age
categories require different techniques for catching. Numerically, females were more
numerous regardless of age group. They represent 63.01% from the total specimens. This is
confirmed by the sex ratio (SR2 + = 0.33; SR3 + = 0.33; SR4 + = 0.86). Analysing the results, it
appears that males have a higher body weight (Bw) comparative with females (M2 + = 27.02 g
vs. F2 + = 17.07 g; M3 + = 48.44 g vs. F3 + = 33.12 g; M4 + = 71.53 g vs. F4 + = 46.66 g). The
same situation is found for body length (Bl), excluding the first age groups where the males
had smaller average length than females (M2+=68.75 mm vs. F2+=87.98 mm). The average
values of phenotypic characters taken in this study and their variability indices demonstrate
that males have a better developed body than females, except for depth of abdominal segment
(Das2, 3, 4, 5, 6), in which females are superior.
Conclusions. According to the obtained results in Ţaga Mare lake, Danube crayfish
population present several age categories, which indicating a good adaptability of this species
to local environmental conditions. Females are more numerous than males, regardless of the
age category, but in terms of body size, males are better developed.
References
1. Pârvulescu L., (2009). Ghid ilustrat pentru identificarea speciilor de raci din România.
Editura Universităţii din Oradea.
2. Sorocovschi V., (2009). The mineralisation degree and chemical composition of the
lakes in the Transylvanian plain. Romanian Limnogeographical Association. Lakes,
Reservoirs and Ponds, 3(1): 13-24.
239
THE ROLE OF TWO CODONS (136, 171) FROM PRN-P GENE IN
RELATIONSHIP WITH RESISTANCE/SUSCEPTIBILITY TO
SCRAPIE
Radu CONSTANTINESCU1, Viorica COŞIER1, Augustin VLAIC1*, Daniel COCAN1,
Vioara MIREŞAN1
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science&
Biotechnology, 3-5 Mănăştur street, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Keywords. codon, linkage disequilibrium, Prn-P gene, primer extension
Introduction. The determinism of scrapie, based on genetic variations in several codons were proved
to be associated with resistance/susceptibility to scrapie (Baylis and Goldmann, 2004). After more
than 15 years of Prn-P genotyping analysis, the conclusion remains that the alleles identified in codons
136,154,171 are the only ones that have significant frequency in sheep breeds raised in the world
(Heaton et al., 2010).
Aims. The aim of this scientific papers is to demonstrate in a practical approach that genotyping only
the two codons (136,171) is reliable, and offers the same guarantees that all individuals resistant to
scrapie will be found in the same proportions as in genotyping all the three codons (136,154,171). This
original approach would decrease the cost of genotyping because we do not add some fluorescent
labelled primers in the reaction mixture, for application of selection programs based on genetic
markers.
Materials and Methods. The biological material was 400 rams belonging to the main breeds of sheep
exploited in Romania (Turcana, Tigaie and Merino breeds). Quantized samples were subjected to
primer extension reaction which involves (1) the amplification of the fragment of interest by PCR, (2)
querying polymorphisms by extending the unlabelled primer using a single dideoxynucleotide in a
SnapShot PCR reactions (primer extension), followed by (3) a capillary electrophoresis and (4)
analysis of outcomes using GeneMapper Software v3.5 (Applied Biosystems). Experimental data
processing was done on three codons and in a pilot experimental model that includes only
polymorphisms in 136 and 171 codons, to demonstrate the compatibility of analysis and finally
genotyping cost reduction.
Results. We demonstrate testing linkage disequilibrium that the four polymorphisms found in codons
136,154 and 171 at Prn-P locus, are part of a haplotype block and they are transmitted without any genetic
recombination. The results of the two approaches were compared and interpreted through gene and
genotype frequencies and through the risk groups.
Conclusion. Regarding the analysis of the 2 codons (136, 171), the frequency of homozygous AR /AR
was identical with genotype ARR/ARR in the case of 3-codon analysis, showing the possible
applications of this approach for selection in order to increase resistance to scrapie and lowering the
cost of genotyping.
References
1. Baylis, M. and Goldmann, W. (2004). The genetics of scrapie in sheep and goats. Curr Mol
Med 4, 385–396
2. Heaton M.P., Leymaster K.A., Kalbfleisch T.S., Freking B.A., Smith T.P., Claw-son M.L.,
Laegreid W.W. (2010). Ovine reference materials and assays for prion genetic testing. BMC
Vet. Res. 30:6-23.
Resources Development Operational Programme 2007-2013, project no. POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
240
ASSESSMENT OF INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENT QUALITY AND THEIR
POSSIBLE IMPACT ON SURFACE WATER
Florina COPACIU1, Carmen ROBA2*, Ocsana OPRIŞ3, Andrea BUNEA1 and Vioara
MIREŞAN1
1
Faculty of Animal Science and Biotechnologies, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
2
Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering. Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
3
National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies. ClujNapoca, Romania.
Keywords. azo-dye related industries, physicochemical parameters, textile effluents, toxic
effects.
Introduction. The printing, textile, wood and plastics industries have an important
environmental impact, since they consume large amounts of water and produce highly
polluted waste waters (Sostar-Turk et al. 2005).
Aims. The current study aimed to investigate several effluents generated by different
industries based on their physicochemical parameters and to evaluate their possible impact on
the water body. Effluents from two printing, a textile, a wood processing and a plastic
production company in Cluj County were analysed for various physicochemical parameters
such as temperature, pH, biochemical and chemical oxygen demand, total dissolved solids,
total suspended solids, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, ammonium, chloride, sulphate,
petroleum ether extractible substances and detergents.
Materials and Methods. The samples were analysed using the corresponding standard
procedures SR ISO 105523-97, SR ISO 1899/1-03, SR ISO 6060-96, STAS 9187-84, STAS
6953-81, Merck 14543, Merck 14537, SR ISO 7150/1-01, EPA 375.4/05, SR IS 9297-01, SR
ISO 7150/1-01, SR EN 903-03.
Results. The temperature, total dissolved solids, chloride, sulphate and detergents content of
the effluents were within the permissible limits for surface water discharge, while the other
parameters exceeded the limit set by legislation.
Conclusion. The data of the present study showed that the analysed physicochemical
parameters varied significantly with the effluent source. The study indicated a seasonal
variation for several parameters, dictated by the production regime of the company. In many
cases the quality of the studied effluents was below the limits set by Romanian and UE
legislation.
References
1. Sostar-Turk S., Simonič M. and Petrinić I. (2005). Wastewater treatment after reactive
printing. Dyes Pigments. 64 (2):147-152.
241
CURRENT ASPECTS CONCERNING SUINA BREEDING
IN THE MOUNTAIN ZONE OF CLUJ COUNTY
Ilie CORNOIU*, Andrei S.C. BAN, Ionel TOADER
and Mirela E. CADAR
Faculty of Animal Science and Biotechnologies,
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Keywords. Suina breeding, mountain zone, Cluj County
Introduction. Starting from the reality that domestic Suina is an important animal for
breeding, as its meat and fat are consumed by about 80% of the human population (Dinescu,
2002), their breeding in different zones of Romania has been a constant preoccupation from
tradition to science.
Aims. This study aims to bring further information as concerns the current situation of Suina
breeding in the mountain areas of Cluj County, where many years ago breeding of the
Romanian Bazna and Mangalitza (Zeneci, 2004) represented a priority for the local farmers.
Materials and Methods. The investigations were carried out in 2014 and 2015, on 5
administrative units (communes) in Cluj County’s hillside and mountainous areas (Călăţele,
Mărgău, Săcuieu, Sâncraiu and Râşca), using data provided by the Commune Halls. As
concerns research into some biological features of Suina material used for reproduction in
population farms, these are based on morphometric determinations (Cornoiu and Toader,
2011).
Results. After the effected investigations, we can evidence some aspects: due to the
geographical configuration (especially relief), within the studied communes, the built-up area
varied between 327.1 ha (for Sâncraiu) and 640 ha (for Călăţele), and the outside built-over
area surface varied between 5355.8 ha (for Sâncraiu) and 21,558 ha (for Mărgău); the number
of domestic Suina in these five communes was 5,555 capita. The average values of some
morphological features in sows bred and used for reproduction in the five communes
indicated differences.
Conclusion. It is necessary for decision-makers (specialists of Agricultural Chambers) in the
Commune Halls to be more engaged in raising the breeders’ awareness of the need to improve
the genetic fund and the specific breeding conditions for domestic Suina.
References
1. Cornoiu I., Toader I. (2011). Aplicaţii pratice în creşterea suinelor, Ed. AcademicPres
Cluj-Napoca.
2. Dinescu S. (2002). Creşterea porcinelor pe coordonatele secolului XXI, Ed. Ceres,
Bucureşti.
3. Zeneci N. (2004). Creşterea porcinelor în fermele mici (fermele familiale), Ed. AlexAlex&Leti Pres, Bucureşti.
242
NEW MTCYB HAPLOTYPES IN ROMANIAN BUFFALO
1
1*
1*
Cristian-Ovidiu COROIAN , Aurelia COROIAN , Vioara MIREȘAN ,
1
1
1
Mihai ŞUTEU , Călin LAŢIU , Camelia RĂDUCU
1
Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
*
Corresponding authors, e-mail: [email protected], [email protected]
Keywords. buffalo, genetic diversity, MTCYB haplotypes
Introduction. The Romanian Buffalo Breed (RBB) was established in 1987. It originated
from local river buffalo populations highly adapted to the low-input breeding condition. In an
effort to improve milk yield crossed with improved Asian breeds were used. Despite the
considerable population size recorded 25 years ago in Romania, lately the species has
dramatically decreased in numbers. More than 90% of livestock has been since sold and never
replaced. With few exceptions, the population is now mainly maintained in privately-owned
subsistence farms. This study was undertaken to assess the degree of genetic diversity within
the remaining population and also to verify links with improved breeds supposedly
introgressed in the RBB.
Aims. To assess the genetic diversity of RBB and ascertain possible phylogenetic relations
with other buffalo breeds we sequenced the entire cytochrome B (MTCYB) gene in a sample
population. This maternally inherited marker (mitochondrial DNA) is often used for
phylogeny studies, species identification or genetic diversity studies.
Materials and Methods. Blood samples were collected from randomly selected 50 unrelated
individuals from various locations in Transylvania (a region in Central Romania where
important herds are still encountered). PCR amplification was performed. A DNA fragment
containing the entire MTCYB gene (1140bp) was amplified directly from whole blood (1µl).
The amplicons were sequenced using two pairs of primers and the sequences were
subsequently used for the genetic diversity assessments.
Results. Analysis of the sequences led to the identification of five novel MTCYB haplotypes.
These have been uploaded in GenBank and received the following accession numbers:
JQ241279; JQ241280; JQ241281; JQ241282; JQ241283. In the sample population, the most
frequently identified haplotypes were RB1 (EU807963.1) and haplotype 3 (EF409941.1),
haplotypes previously reported in other buffalo populations, mainly from Asia, confirming the
Asiatic origins of RBB. Sequence comparisons have revealed that RBB is related to Chinese
and Indian breeds/populations.
Conclusion. Despite the numerical decline of RBB, through correct breeding schemes (even
if empirical in some cases) the breed maintained a good level of genetic diversity. This
mitochondrial phylogenetic analysis confirms the RBB’s Asiatic origins. Presence of new
haplotypes may also reflect the fact that this population is isolated from a geographical and
reproductive point of view.
243
MAJOR GENETIC DETERMINISM OF TENDERNESS OF SHEEP
MEAT
Viorica COȘIER1, Vioara MIREȘAN1, Bogdan VLAIC1, Vasile CIGHI1, Radu
CONSTANTINESCU1*
1
Department of Fundamental Sciences and Biotechnologies; University of Agricultural Sciences and
Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca
Keywords. calpastatin, meat, sheep, DNA polymorphism
Introduction. Even though sheep meat consumption in Romania is lower than in the EU
countries (1.97 Kg/resident), in the last years, the meat production segment has been
experiencing a significant revival. In this view, by 2030, Romania should be prepared to
double the sheep meat production, and enhance quality in terms of palatability properties,
such as by increasing tenderness (http://www.presidency.ro/static). The increased tenderness
of meat that reaches the consumer’s table depends on two protease activities, m-calpain and
µ-calpain. Calpastatin is the endogenous inhibitor of calpains, which plays a regulatory role in
muscle proteolysis and tenderization. Among the multiple strategies to increase meat quality,
a form of marker assisted selection, namely gene assisted selection (GAS), was tested
(Dekkers et al., 2002; Dekkers, 2004). In this strategy, calpastatin is a candidate gene along
with tyroglobulin and leptin genes.
Aims. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic variability and population structure
on calpastatin locus, in three sheep breeds representative for national meat production.
Materials and Methods. Studies were conducted to determine the genetic structure of the
sheep populations at the Calpastatin locus to reveal an SNP type polymorphism. Two factors
were considered: breed and sex (male). A 622 pb fragment of the Calpastatin gene (CAST)
was amplified by PCR technique, then the PCR products were subjected to digestion with the
MspI restriction enzymes and examined in a 2% agarose gel.
Results. Two allelic variants, M and N, have been identified at the CAST locus in the
analysed populations, in males representing the tested breeds, but not all the genotypes were
found in all breeds. In the N allele, the restriction enzyme site MspI is abolished by a point
mutation, while the M allele is cut in two fragments of 286 pb and 336 pb, respectively. In our
study, the frequency of the M allele was significantly higher than that of the N allele in this
order: Turcana>Tigaie>Merino breeds. Genetic variability and population structure were
estimated with GeneAlEx v6.5 program.
Conclusion. Since the major factors that influence meat tenderness are breed and sex, in
addition to weight, age, conformation and nutrition, the results of the study are important for
developing future research strategies regarding the factors that influence meat tenderness,
including with a focus on females and other breeds. Another future strategy is to test the
possible association between genotypes and meat tenderness.
References
1. Dekkers, J. C. M., Hospital F. (2002). The use of molecular genetics in improvement of
agricultural populations. Nat. Rev. Genet. 3:22–32.
2. Dekkers, J.M.D. (2004). Commercial application of marker- and gene-assisted selection in
livestock: Strategies and lessons., J Anim Sci , 82:E313-E328.
3. http://www.presidency.ro/static/Cadrul%20National%20Strategic%20Rural.pdf
244
THE ASSESSMENT OF DEER (CERVUS ELAPHUS) TROPHIES
Marius COTTA1, Gelu Rareş OROIAN2, Teofil OROIAN1*
1
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Romania
2
Terapia SA., Cluj Napoca
Keywords. Cervus elaphus, length rods, circumference rosettes.
Introduction. Over time multiple formulas have been used for the evaluation of trophies
(Comisa, 1968; Neacsu et al., 1982). The NADLER method was the first among them and has
since undergone many changes. Currently, deer trophies are evaluated by C.I.C. method,
which is widely accepted internationally (Cotta V., 1982; Cotta V., et al., 2001; Selaru, 2000;
2006).
Aims. For assessment purposes, the following criteria were used: main beam length, internal
spread, external spread, circumference of rosettes, the circumference of the drill pipe at the
bottom, the circumference of the drill pipe at the top, number of terminals,trophy
weight.There have been observations and on: antler colour, neatness, top branches, etc.
Materials and Methods. The method was applied to a number of 45 deer trophies harvested
in Romania in 1981-2011.
Results. The hierarchy of the measurements allowed us to establish a score in value ranging
from 264.51 to 241.48 points for the first 10 trophies. Results are influenced by age, terrain,
and quality of the genetic material.
Conclusion. The research highlights the great difference in the amount of trophies from
hunting for one period to another.The method used allows the correct hierarchy of trophies
regardless of the period when they were harvested.
References
1. Botezat E. (1934). Mecanica dezvoltării coarnelor la cerb. Rev.Carpaţi, Nr. 5, Cluj.
2. Comişa A.M. (1968). Vânat românesc, Ed.Meridiane, Bucureşti.
3. Cotta V. (1982). Vânatul, Ed. Ceres,Bucureşti.
4. Cotta V., M. Bodea, I. Micu (2001). "Vânatul şi vânătoarea în România", Ed. Ceres,
Bucureşti.
5. Neacşu A., Popescu C., Nicolau C. (1982). Vânatul cu trofee, Ed.Ceres , Bucureşti
6. Selaru N., (2000). Teofee de vânat, Ed. Ared, Bucureşti.
7. Selaru N., (2006). Teofee de vânat european, Ed. Cynegis, Bucureşti.
245
CHARACTERIZATION OF MICROORGANISMS ISOLATED FROM
POLLUTED SOIL WITH PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS
Adriana CRISTE1*, Nicodim FIT2, Marius ZĂHAN1, Monica NISTE3,
Mihaela GIUBURUNCĂ1
1
Faculty of Animal Science and Biotechnologies, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
2
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, ClujNapoca, Romania
3
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca,
Romania
*
Keywords. bioremediation, hydrocarbons, polluted soil
Introduction. Environmental pollution by petroleum hydrocarbons has become a global
environmental problem (Adegbola et al., 2014). Bioremediation has received a great
attention, and bacteria isolated from polluted soil can be used in that process.
Aims. In this study we perform an evaluation of the physiological groups of microorganisms
from soil contaminated with petroleum.
Materials and Methods. Bacterial and fungal strains were isolated from contaminated soil
using selective enrichment technique. Minimal Salt Media was used for serial dilutions to
determine viable cell counts. The number of total viable cells and different type of
microorganisms in the original sample was determined by serial dilution agar plating
procedure using selective media.The plates were incubated at 35 for 24-72 hours. Distinct
colonies growing on each plate were selected, and stored at freezing temperatures. The
bacterial colonies were then identified by Gram staining and biochemical tests according to
Bergey’s manual
Results. Different types of indigenous microorganism were isolated and characterized. The
data showed that isolated microorganisms belong to bacteria strain such as:Pseudomonas sp.,
Bacillus sp., Proteus vulgaris and fungi: Aspergillus and Penicillium sp.
Conclusion. These isolates seem to have potential for bioremediation of oil contaminated
soil. Two of these bacteria genus: Pseudomonas sp. and Bacillus sp. have been reported to be
among the most frequently isolated bacteria from hydrocarbon-polluted sites (Ogbomoso et
al., 2008).
References
1. Adegbola G.M., Eniola K.I.T. and Opasola O.A. (2014). Isolation and identification of
indigenous hydrocarbon tolerant bacteria from soil contaminated with used engine oil
in Ogbomoso, Nigeria. Advances in Applied Science Research, 5(3):420-422
2. Pathak H, Jain PK, Jaroli DP and Lowry ML (2008). Degradation of Phenanthrene and
Anthracene by Pseudomonas Strain, Isolated From Coastal Area. Bioremediation
Journal 12(2): 111-116.
246
RESTORING THE ECOLOGICAL BALANCE OF A PERMANENT
GRASSLAND THROUGH DIFFERENT FERTILIZATION SYSTEMS IN
PETROVA ECOSYSTEM, MARAMUREŞ COUNTY
NOTE 1: THE EVOLUTION OF FORAGE PRODUCTION
Doru CRISTE1, gheorghe MIHAI1, Nicuşor SIMA1*, Adela BOTIŞ1, Iulia MEDREA1,
Bogdan FĂGĂDAR1
1
Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Biotechnologies, University of Agricultural Sciences and
Veterinary Medicine, 3-5 Mănăştur Street, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
*
Keywords. fertilizer, forage production, permanent grassland
Introduction. In terms of key global land uses, the world's surface is covered by wide areas
of forest (31%) and permanent meadows and pastures (25.8%), although regional differences
are to be mentioned: forests dominate American and European territories (40.3% and 45.4%
of all the land respectively), whereas permanent meadows and pastures cover wide areas in
Oceania, Asia and Africa (44.0%, 34.9% and 30.7% of all land, respectively). Permanent
grasslands cover 60.840.280 ha across the EU-28, representing 16% of total area. Land used
for pastures is not equally distributed among the EU-28. Significant surfaces are found in
United Kingdom (17.92% of all EU-28 surface), France and Spain (around 14% each one),
Germany (7.65%), Romania (7.41%) and Ireland (6.54%) (Osoro, 2014).
Aims. Thinking about resource savings, environment protection and biodiversity
conservation, a good strategy regarding these ecological and economic concerns is the use of
organic fertilizers on permanent grasslands. Concerning yield growth, the quickest method is
the use of mineral and organic-mineral fertilization. In order to convince people to improve
forage quantity and quality, concretely studies and results in the field must be showed.
Materials and Methods. Set on a Festuca rubra - Agrostis capillaris (Agrostis tenuis)
grassland, at a height of 628 m in Maramureș Depression, the experiment was placed by
randomized blocks method. This is a bifactorial experiment with factor A the amendment, and
factor B the level of fertilization.
Results. After fertilization during the years of study in different doses in accordance with the
experimental protocol, the improvements were seen from one year to another. The yield grew
significantly on the fertilized variants compared to the witness one. This can be seen in the
dry matter content. The best results were obtained into the organic-mineral fertilized variants.
Conclusion. Fertilization is a good method to improve the quantity and quality of the
permanent grasslands especially if people use organic, mineral but also combined fertilizers.
Besides direct action on plant nutrition, manure improves the thermal regime of soil and its
aeration, increases water holding capacity, intensify the work of soil's microorganisms and
mineral fertilizers result in yield growth.
References
1. Osoro K. (2014). Profitability of Permanent Grassland. May 28, 2014 EIP-AGRI
Focus Group: 5-6.
247
GLOBAL SERICULTURE – A TOOL FOR REGIONAL
BIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT (A REVIEW)
Daniel S. DEZMIREAN1*, Liviu Al. MĂRGHITAS1, Ioan PASCA1, Silvia PATRUICA2,
Georgeta DINITA3, Horatiu DEZMIREAN1, Otilia BOBIS1, Rodica MĂRGĂOAN1 ,
Claudia PAŞCA1 , Carmen MURESAN1, Bogdan GHERMAN1, Anton NAGY1,
Victorita BONTA1
1
Department of Apiculture and Sericulture: University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
Medicine - 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Mănăștur, 3-5, România
2
Department of Apiculture and Sericulture: University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
Medicine Regele Mihai al Romanie din Timisoara, Calea Aradului nr.119, 300645 Timişoara,
3
Department of Apiculture and Sericiculture University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
Medicine Bucharest, Bd. Mărăşti nr. 59, Sector 1 Bucureşti, 011464
*
Keywords. sericulture, silk industry, global market, organic technologies, biotechnologies
Sericulture and silk industry are aligned with the following millennium development
goals: eradicate extreme poverty and hunger; promote gender equality and empower women;
ensure environmental sustainability; develop a global partnership for development. The
potential of silk industry for inclusive growth is very deeply linked with the new applications
of biotechnology in this field. In the last decades there has been impressive research using
silkworm as a bio-tool. Effective transfer of technology from lab to farm is important as is
development of the technology itself. Sericulture has a positive impact on the environment,
since it encourages the plantation of mulberry trees, increases vegetation and green land,
which in turn bring the positive effect of preventing or reversing desertification. As the roots
of mulberry trees are very profuse and robust, they are very helpful in holding the soil firmly
and preventing soil erosion (Shrestha, 2006). Sericulture by-products can be valuable sources
of healthy food or nutritional supplements – valuable food or feed. Also, in the case of global
sericulture, it is to be noted that the organic technologies proposed can bring about progress,
increase productivity, modernize primary processing of silk fibers (reeling of cocoons) and
can be implemented very easily at family farm level or at a local cooperative, significantly
increasing efficiency.
248
THE TROPHICITY IMPROVEMENT OF CERTAIN NARDUS STRICTA
MOUNTAIN MEADOWS IN THE APUSENI MOUNTAINS
Bogdan Ionuț FĂGĂDAR, Gheorghe MIHAI, Nicuşor SIMA*, Adela Lăcrimioara
BOTIŞ, Doru Cristian CRISTE, Iulia PLEȘA
Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Biotechnologies, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
Medicine, 3-5 Mănăştur Street, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
*
Keywords. Nardus stricta, organic fertilisation, Poiana Horea grasslands
Introduction. In Romania, grasslands of Nardus stricta can be found between 200 and 2,200
m altitude, while in other mountain areas in the world, these grasslands reach up to 3,500 m
altitude, which shows the particular ecological plasticity of this specie. From an ecological
point of view, the Nardus stricta specie can be observed on strongly acidophilus soils with a
deficitary aerohydric regime.
The paper points out the effects on yield, quality, and floristic composition after the first year
of some technological measures applied on the Poiana Horea grasslands, at 1100 m altitude,
invaded by Nardus stricta.
Aims. The research is trying to improve the meadows of Nardus stricta through the
application of chemical and organic fertilizers and lime amendments. Another aim is that
grassland yield increases 2-3 times, fodder quality increases, and the species Nardus stricta
almost disappears.
Materials and Methods. The experimental field is located in the village of Poiana Horea and
consists of three repetitions each with 16 variants as lime amended and unamended. The
fertilizers applied are both organic and mineral.
Results. Grasslands of Nardus stricta cover 20% of the permanent grasslands in Romania.
After the first year of research it is shown that the areas more accessible to the cattle can be
improved by applying fertilisers and amendments aiming at reducing the share of this species
by reducing the favorability conditions.
Conclusion. The valorification of Nardus stricta grasslands can be done by applying a longterm technological system made up of agricultural lime amendments, chemical and organic
fertilisation. Under these conditions, grassland yield shall increase 2-3 times, fodder quality
increases and the specie Nardus stricta shall almost disappear.
References
1. Maruşca, T., M. I. Bărbos, V. A. Blaj, V. Cardasol, N. Dragomir, V. Mocanu, I. Rotar,
Mariana Rusu, I. Seceleanu, (2010). Tratat de reconstrucţie ecologică a habitatelor de
pajişti şi terenuri degradate montane. Ed. Universităţii Transilvania din Braşov. p. 95 –
178.
2. Buia, Al. (1963) - Les association à Nardus stricta L. de la R.P.R. Rev. de Biologie, 8,
2, 119-137, Bucarest.
3. Maruşca, T. (2001). Elemente de gradientică şi ecologie montană. Ed. Universităţii
Transilvania din Braşov. p. 10 – 50.
249
PHENOTYPIC CHARACTERIZATION OF THE WILD BOAR"SUS
SCROFA FERUS" POPULATION IN TRANSYLVANIA
Voichiţa Ana Maria GAVRILĂ1, Crina Elena STRUGARIU1, Teofil OROIAN 1*
1
Keywords. wild boar, wither height, body weight.
Introduction.The literature is poor in phenotypic characterization on conformation and
constitution in wild boar targeting multiple traits. (Șelaru, 2000; Cotta et al., 2001; Oroian T.,
2012).
Aims. This paper aims to provide information on issues pertaining to biometric measurements
in populations of wild boar huntedin May, in Transylvania. They cover body length, height at
withers to rump height, back height, thoracic perimeter, body weight, head length and width
of the head between the ears.
Materials and Methods. The biological material has the following age and gender
characteristics: adult females and adult males over more than three years. Data measurements
were statistically processed by estimating the average and dispersion indices. Differences
were assessed by Student's t test. The measurements were carried out on 43 male and 63
female adults.
Results. Analysing media and dispersion indices in males over 3 years, of age fluctuations
between 3 and 11 years we found that for the 43 analysed specimens we obtained an average
of 138.49 ± 2.55 cm, lower than the values found in literature, which were of 178 cm for
males adult over 5 years (Oroian, T., 2012).
For most specimens collected from December, January, February, we obtained a value of
87.84 ± 1.43 kg average body weight as compared with the weight of the same age in animals
harvested in the months of August, September, October, with a mean of 145 ± 8.87 kg.
(Oroian T., 2012).
Conclusion. There is a great variability in the characteristics analysed both in males and in
females.We believe that these differences are due to the age differences and harvest season.
References
1. Şelaru Neculai (2000) Trofee de vânat, Ed. A.R.E.D., Bucureşti
2. Cotta V., M. Badea, I. Micu (2008) Vanatul si vanatoarea in Romania. Ed. Ceres,
Bucuresti.
3. Oroian Teofil, (2012). Mistreţul, umbră tăcută şi mister genetic a pădurilor româneşti,
Ed. Risoprint, ClujNapoca.
250
CORRELATIONS BETWEEN SOME PARAMETERS OF RAW AND
STORED SEMEN IN BOAR
Iulian IBĂNESCU*, Petru ROŞCA, Ioana SFARTZ, Ioana CRIVEI and Dan
DRUGOCIU
Department of Clinics, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Iasi, Romania
*
Keywords. boar, correlation, extended, raw, semen
Introduction. The preservation in liquid form, at 17°C for several days is still the most used
method of semen preservation in boar. In these conditions, it would be of great value to know
the factors that can predict the capacity of an ejaculate to maintain its biological value over
preservation period.
Aims. This study aimed to identify the correlations between some parameters of raw semen,
and those of extended semen, stored in liquid form, for three days at 17°C.
Materials and Methods. Over 1,000 ejaculates were collected by means of manual method
and artificial vagina over a period of two years from 400 mature boars housed in a specialized
unit in Germany. The semen was examined immediately after collection (before dilution) as
well as after three days of preservation. All the parameters (except the volume) were
determined by means of computerized instruments. The examination of raw semen was
performed using SQA-Vp, while the stored semen was analysed using Spermvision version
3.7. All data were processed with IBM SPSS Statistics version 21.
Results. The Pearson correlation revealed no strong correlation between any of the raw semen
parameters when analysed together with stored semen parameters. However, some moderate
or weak correlations were found, for example a positive correlation between motility of raw
semen and motility of stored semen (p<0.01), a positive correlation between percentage of
morphological normal sperm in raw semen and the motility of stored semen (p<0.01), a
negative correlation between the concentration of raw semen and the linearity and wobble
coefficient in stored semen (p<0.01) as well as a couple other weak correlations.
Conclusion. We conclude that, despite the fact that some correlations were revealed,
unfortunately the analysed parameters of raw semen have low predictive value on the
parameters of extended semen after preservation at 17°C, and that the parameters of semen
will behave differently from one ejaculate to another.
251
CONFORMATION FEATURES OF RAINBOW TROUT
(ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS) BREEDERS FROM VALEA BISTRIŞORII
TROUT FARM
Andrada IHUŢ, Vioara MIREŞAN*, Camelia RĂDUCU, Viorica COŞIER, Radu
CONSTANTINESCU, Luiza ANDRONIE, Călin LAŢIU
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and
Biotechnologies, 3-5 Mănăştur Street, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
Keywords. breeding, rainbow trout, conformation features
Introduction. Rainbow trout is the main salmonid species exploited in Romania due to its
plasticity and resistance to changes in the environment (Cocan, 2010).
Aims. The purpose of our research was to characterize the Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus
mykiss) breeders from a phenotypical standpoint.
Materials and Methods. Somatic and gravimetrics measurements were performed on 16
females and 11 males.
Results. The biological material is 3 years old and is obtained and raised in Bistrişoara Valley
fishery. The medium body weight (Bw) of the females was of 2208.38±37.48 g, while the
males reached 1562.27±74.113g, resulting in a significant difference (p<0.05) of 646.11 g
between these two categories. As for the value of the medium total length (Tl), it was of
53.01±0.271 cm for the females and 46.65±0.742 cm for the males, resulting in a significant
difference (p<0.05) of 6.36 cm favoring the females for this phenotype as well. Distinctively
major differences (p<0.01) were registered for the standard length (Sl) characters (males =
42.57±0.682 cm; females = 49.43±0.259 cm; d = -6.86 cm) and commercial length (Cl)
(males = 33.44±0.544 cm; females = 39.36±0.202; d = 5.92 cm). For the other phenotypical
characteristics studied (maximum height MH, minimum height Mh, body depth Bd, head
length Hl and caudal peduncle length CpL), the registered differences between males and
females were statistically insignificant (p>0.05).
Conclusion. The outcome values reflect a higher interdependence between the characters
studied for males, compared to the females.
References
1. Cocan, D., (2010). Study Regarding the Conformation in Four Populations of
Reproduction -Female-Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) From Trout Farm Fiad,
County of Bistrita-Nasaud. Animal Sci and Biotechnol, 2010, 43 (2)
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
252
REPRODUCTIVE INDICES OF RAINBOW TROUT (ONCORHYNCHUS
MYKISS) FEMALES FROM VALEA BISTRIŞORII TROUT FARM
Andrada IHUŢ, Vioara MIREŞAN*, Daniel Ioan COCAN, Camelia RĂDUCU, Viorica
COŞIER, Călin LAŢIU, Denisa POP
Biotechnologies, 3-5 Mănăştur Street, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
Keywords. Rainbow Trout, improvement, breeding selection
Introduction. To obtain high productions in a trout culture it is necessary to improve the
selection of the breeders (Bud, 2007).
Aims. The Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) breeding females from Valea Bistrişorii
fishery have been studied from the standpoint of phenotypical characteristics and breeding
indices to establish future protocols of selection and improvement.
Materials and Methods. To calculate and correlate the phenotypic characteristics of
Rainbow trout breeding females, 16 individuals were milked.
Results. Relative fecundation (RF) was determined at a medium value of 335.88±17.723 g
and a variability coefficient of 52.77%. The high value of the variability coefficient is due to
the fact that this is the first breeding generation within the Valea Bistrişorii trout nursery that
was not submitted to any selection and improvement activities previously. From the
standpoint of breeding performances, the medium value of the number of eggs (TNE)
obtained was 8127.44±478.532, the medium egg weight (EW) was 0.06±0.001g, the medium
diameter of one egg = 4.16±0.029 mm, and the medium volume of one egg was 65.63±1.223
mm3. The following breeding indices were also calculated: gonosomatic report (GR),
Behning fertilizing coefficient (BFC) and the Williams absolute fecundity indices (IfaW). The
results were the following: GR = 14.82±0.587; BFC = 16.82±0.563; IfaW = 5.77±0.333.
Conclusion. The values of the correlations point out the necessity of breeding selection work
in order to improve the breeding performances.
References
1. Bud, I., Ionescu O., Vlădău V., Pop S., (2007). Pestii din apele reci. Păstrăvii. Ed.
Risoprint, Cluj Napoca.
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765
253
BIOINFORMATICSANALYSIS AND DATABASES USEFUL IN
METABOLOMICS DATA PROCESSING
Andrei G. LAZĂR1, Florina ROMANCIUC1and Carmen SOCACIU1,2
1
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3-5 Mănăştur Street, Cluj-Napoca,
Romania;
2
Center for Applied Biotechnology CCD-BIODIATECH Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
Keywords. bioinformatics, databases, metabolomics, normalization, statistical analysis
Introduction. Metabolomics is an important “omics” technology which is complementary
to genomics and proteomics, taking a glimpse in systems biology, by giving information
(qualitative fingerprints and quantitative profiling) about cell and extracellular metabolites.
A cohort of small metabolites are involved in the control and regulation of the cell
functions, as intermediates or final products, their presence or levels being useful for the
early diagnosis of different pathologies.
Aims. Bioinformatics tools are mandatory for metabolomics, needed to manage a large
number of experimental data, to be converted first in specific matrices which can further be
analysed by statistical analysis. In this review, updated information is presented about
different software for data pre-processing, conversion, alignment, bucketing,
normalization, including the challenges, limits and strengths. These software allow the
accurate background for further identification of individual molecules as biomarkers, as
well allow the evaluation of statistical differences and discriminations among different
groups of samples. Chemometry represents an integrated set of statistical analysis of data,
using several software for multivariate analysis, such as Principal Component Analysis
(PCA), Cluster Analysis (CA) or Partial Least Square Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA).
Results. After identifying the key-molecules, as biomarker candidates, a comparison of
mass spectra values and their identification is made using well-established databases
(Human Metabolomic Data Base, HMDB or Lipidomics Gateway or KEGG). Such
databases offer complex information about each molecule (identified in tissues, cells or
biofluids) and are very useful to validate the actual metabolomics data. A case study,
related to a lipidomics blood analysis is presented, following all steps of bioinformatics
analysis. Such analysis can be applied for multiple purposes, from untargeted to targeted
metabolomics, for biofluids or tissue fingerprinting or profiling, respectively.
Conclusion. This review underlines the complexity and utility, including challenges and
limitations of different bioinformatics tools to use in metabolomics.
254
FAST LC-MS ANALYTICAL METHOD TO DETERMINE THE
PROFILE OF FREE AMINO ACIDS IN HIVE PRODUCTS (HONEY,
BEE POLLEN AND ROYAL JELLY)
Liviu Al. MĂRGHITAȘ, Victorita BONTA*, Daniel S. DEZMIREAN, Iulia
ZACHARIAS, Otilia BOBIȘ
Department of Apiculture and Sericiculture: University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
Medicine - 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Mănăștur, 3-5, Romania
*
Keywords. free amino acids, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, honey, bee pollen,
royal jelly
Introduction. Bee products are recognized all over the world as natural products rich in
nutritional and biologically active substances. Bee pollen, royal jelly and honey are significant
sources of proteins and amino acids, both for bees and for humans. Free amino acid profiles
could be a good indicator for the honey’s botanical origin determination.
Aims. In the present research, an analytical method was established, capable of fast
identification and quantitation of amino acids in bee pollen, royal jelly and honey.
Materials and Methods. Determinations were made on three samples of honey (rape,
multifloral and honeydew honey), two samples of crude royal jelly and three of fresh bee
pollen (plum, apple and multifloral) directly purchased from the market. EZ:faast kit
(Phenomenex, USA) was used for isolation and purification from the samples, the analyses
were performed on a liquid chromatograph coupled with mass spectrometer detector (LCMS), in positive ESI mode.
Results. Individual calibration curves for 29 amino acids were constructed in the interval of
20-200 nmol/ml. Limits of detection varied between 0.1 and 20 pmol/ml and all recoveries
were higher than 88%. In bee pollen 27 free amino acids (FAA) were identified; in royal jelly
26, and in honey 24. In bee pollen, the content of total FAA was 1547-1719mg/100g. Proline
was the major amino acid (426-538mg/100g). Results on total FAA from royal jelly were
between 800 and 900mg/100g, proline being also the most abundant. Honey had smaller
quantity of total FAA (under 100 mg/100g). All the essential amino acids (EAA) were found
in all samples. While bee pollen had higher content of total FAA, the proportion of EAA was
higher in royal jelly (27-30%).
Conclusion. Results obtained indicate that the present method can be used for the
simultaneous determination of 27 amino acids in different bee products. The analytical
method proposed is characterized by high sensitivity, accuracy, simplicity, stability and short
255
THE INFLUENCE OF COMBINED ADDITION OF FEED ADDITIVES
(SEL-PLEX+BIO-MOS AND SEL-PLEX+ACTIGEN) IN LAYING
QUAILS FEEDS ON GROWTH PERFORMANCES AND EGG
QUALITY
Teodor MĂLDĂRĂŞANU1*, Aurel ŞARA1, Mihai BENŢEA1
1
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Faculty of Animal
Sciences and Biotechnologies, Romania
Keywords. Egg quality, laying quails, sel-plex, prebiotics
Introduction. Some research carried out internationally on laying birds has shown that the
combined use of organic minerals with some prebiotics in poultry feed can improve growth
performances and egg quality. Organic Selenium (Sel-Plex) it is one of those organic minerals
which, associated with prebiotics in poultry feed, lead to improved production performance
and egg quality. Bio-Mos and Actigen, when administered in feeds, leads to the improvement
of egg production by increasing the laying frequency, and egg quality with regard to weight
and composition.
Aims. The aim of this research was to record the influence of combined addition of additives
(Sel–Plex+Bio-Mos and Sel–Plex+Actigen), when administered in the feeds for lying quails,
on production performances and egg quality parameters.
Materials and methods. The research has been carried out on 99 laying quails, divided in 3
groups–33 birds/groups. The control group was fed with the base diet, with no additive
supplementation; the first experimental group was fed with organic selenium (Sel-Plex)
0,04%+Bio-Mos 0.12% supplemented feeds, and the second experimental was fed with
organic selenium (Sel-Plex) 0,04%+Actigen 0.08% supplemented feeds. The experimental
period was 18 weeks long (from the 5th week until the 23st week of age). The laying quails
were individually weighed at the beginning, in the middle and at the end of the experimental
period. During the experiment, the following indices were monitored: body mass evolution,
survival rate, laying intensity, mean egg weight and the feed consumption/egg, weight of the
main structural components of the eggs and the proportion of these components, egg defects,
chemical composition and the main morphological and physical parameters needed to assess
egg quality.
Results. The use of combined addition of feed additives (Sel-Plex+Bio-Mos and Sel-Plex+
Actigen) in the above-mentioned doses, determined the increase of the laying frequency, egg
weight and a reduction of the feed conversion ratio/egg due to the enlargement of the nutrient
absorption area at intestinal level. Also, a reduction of egg defects was recorded, being
accompanied by a reduction of mortalities during the experiment.
Conclusions. The results recorded after the combined use of these additives (mineral
organic–Sel-Plex and prebiotics–Bio-Mos and Actigen) confirm their positive effects on
production performances and egg quality in laying quails.
256
METABOLOMIC SIGNATURE OF PROSTATE ADENOCARCINOMA
AND BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA BY LC-QTOF (ESI +) MS
METHOD OF SERUM
Ramona Maria MAXIM1, Raluca Maria POP2, Carmen SOCACIU1,2
1
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Manastur Street, 3-5, Cluj-Napoca,
Romania
2
Center for Applied Biotechnology CCD-BIODIATECH, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Keywords. adenocarcinoma, benign prostatic hyperplasia, biomarkers, metabolomics
Introduction. Prostate cancer, the second leading cause of death in men, needs specific
biomarkers for prognosis and diagnosis and therefore a metabolomic approach is applied in
this study.
Aims. LC-QTOF (ESI +) MS has been applied to investigate prostate cancer metabolomic
signature in serum, aiming at assessing the diagnostic potential of this method and gaining
novel insights into metabolomic profile of prostate cancer, leading to biomarker discovery.
Materials and methods. Serum samples from 4 groups of patients were collected. They were
classified in patients with cancer before biopsy, patients with cancer before surgery, patients
with benign prostatic hyperplasia and a control groups consisting of healthy subjects. The
serum samples were diluted with methanol for protein precipitation, in a ratio (1:5), then vortexed,
ultrasonicated at 4°C for 5 minutes and centrifuged at 15 000g for 15 minutes. The supernatant was
collected, filtered through 0.2 µm filters and kept in the deep freezer until analysis. Aliquots of 5 µl of each
supernatant were subjected to liquid chromatography separation, using a Thermo Scientific HPLC UltiMate
3000 system equipped with a quaternary pump delivery system DionexUltiMate 3000 (UHPLC+ focused),
Acclaim C-18 column (3µm, 2.1 X 50 mm), autosampler and Dionex Ultimate 3000 photodiode array
detector. The detection was made by mass spectrometry using a Bruker DaltonicsMaXis Impact Q-TOF
operating in positive ion mode (ESI+). Control of the instrument and data processing were done using
TofControl 3.2 and Data Analysis 4.1 (Bruker Daltonics) softwares.
Results. We obtained the untargeted metabolomic analysis by Base Peak Chromatograms and
Dissect chromatograms and identification of the metabolites using the m/z values in Human
Metabolome Database and Lipidomics Gateway. We obtained the targeted metabolomic
analysis using the Principal Component Analysis to discriminate the groups both qualitatively
and quantitatively, and to identify the significant biomarkers. The distinctive biomarkers for
prostate cancer were prostaglandins, and for benign prostate hyperplasia were
lysophosphatidilcholines and ceramides.
Conclusion. In the present research work, we have analyzed 136 serum samples from
different patient groups, and conclude that LC - QTOF (ESI +) MS method can lead to
prostate cancer biomarkers discovery.
257
INFLUENCE OF TROLOX AND QUERCETIN COMBINATIONS ON
HUMAN OVARIAN CANCER CELL LINE A2780 AND HUMAN
BREAST CANCER CELL LINE T47D-KBLUC
Ileana MICLEA1*, Vanda FUSS1, Marius ZĂHAN1, Delia ORLOVSCHI1 and Vasile
MICLEA1
1
Department of Animal Reproduction, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine
*
Keywords. human ovarian carcinoma, human mammary gland carcinoma, quercetin, trolox
Introduction. Quercetin is one of the most abundant dietary flavonoids. Its anti-cancer
activities have been previously investigated in several types of cells lines (colon, prostate) and
are believed to be the result of antioxidant activity (Gibellini et al., 2011). Trolox, the
hydrophilic analogue of α-tocopherol is also a powerful antioxidant that has been used to
enhance the effect of other substances against cancer cells (Diaz et al., 2005, Zheng et al.,
2012)
Aims. We sought to investigate whether the addition of Trolox had any influence on quercetin
induced cytotoxicity in human cancel lines A2780 and T47Dkb-luc.
Materials and Methods. Human ovarian carcinoma cells from the A2780 line and human
mammary gland carcinoma cells belonging to the T47Dkb-luc line were cultured in RPMI1640 supplements with various quercetin concentrations (25 µM, 50 µM and 100 µM) and to
which 50 µM Trolox had been added. After 24 hours several test were conducted: cells were
stained with Trypan blue and the number of viable versus dead cells was counted;
proliferation was assessed using the MTT test and cells were stained with Hoechst 33258 and
propidium iodide to investigate the incidence of apoptosis.
Results. The combined use of Trolox and quercetin negatively influenced cell viability, the
best combination being 100 µM quercetin and 50 µM Trolox for the A2780 line while cells
from the T47Dkb-luc line were affected by 25 µM quercetin and 50 µM Trolox.
Conclusion. Our research shows that increasing antioxidant supplementation can be used to
inhibit the development of cancer cells.
References
1. Gibellini L., Pinti M., Nasi M., Montagna J.P., De Biasi S., Roat E., Bertoncelli L.,
Cooper E.L., Cossarizza A. (2011). Quercetin and cancer chemoprevention. Evid
Based Complement Alternat Med.59:1356.
2. Diaz Z., Colombo M., Mann K.K., Su H., Smith K.N., Bohle D.S., Schipper H.M. and
Miller W.H. Jr. (2005). Trolox selectively enhances arsenic-mediated oxidative stress
and apoptosis in APL and other malignant cell lines. Blood. 105 (3):1237-1245.
3. Zheng J., Payne K., Taggart J.E., Jiang H., Lind S.E., and Ding W.Q. (2012). Trolox
enhances curcumin's cytotoxicity through induction of oxidative stress. Cell Physiol
Biochem. 29(3-4):353-360.
258
INFLUENCE OF COLLECTION FREQUENCY ON THE QUALITY OF
EJACULATES FROM LARGE WHITE AND PIETRAIN BOARS
Vasile MICLEA1*, Ilona GYONGY2, Ileana MICLEA1, Marius ZĂHAN1
1
Department of Animal Reproduction,University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine
2
S.C.SEMTEST BVN S.A. Târgu Mureş, Romania.
*
Keywords. boars, ejaculates, frequency, quality
Introduction. Boar semen quality is influenced by several aspects such as feeding (Alberne
and Kirkwood, 1985), collection frequency (Miclea et al., 2008), time of collection, boar and
season. Accurate knowledge of sperm quality is essential for its processing (Didion, 2008).
Given that a boar can produce 200 gestations per year, the quality of extended semen has a
paramount influence on reproduction.
Aims. There is a large market for semen from boars belonging to the Large White and
Pietrain breeds. Collection frequency has a direct influence on semen quality and number of
insemination doses per ejaculate. This is why we assessed the influence of two collection
frequencies on the quality of ejaculates from the two breeds.
Materials and Methods. Ejaculates were collected in spring in an enclosed space particularly
appointed for this purpose. After collection, semen volume was assessed by weighing,
concentration was estimated by photometry and mobility was expressed as percentages. Each
insemination dose had 3.1 billion spermatozoa. Data were analysed by the analysis of
variance.
Results. Increased collection frequency has a negative effect on ejaculate volume and sperm
cell concentration without altering mobility. For a three day collection interval the number of
insemination doses per ejaculate decreases but their overall number for the entire experiment
is higher.
Conclusion. Collecting ejaculates at a three day interval will result in a larger number of
insemination doses without damage to extended spermatozoa.
References
1. Alberne F.X., Kirkwood R.N. (1985). Nutrition and sow prolificacy.
J.Reprod.Fertil.Suppl.33:169-183.
2. Didion B.A. (2008). Computer-assisted semen analysis and its utility for profiling boar
semen samples. Theriogenology. 70:1374-1376.
3. Miclea V., Zăhan M., Miclea I., Vajda I. (2008). Influence of daily collection on
ejaculate quality from Pietrain boars. Scientific Papers: Animal Science and
Biotechnologies Timişoara, 41(1):122-126.
259
THE EFFECT OF REPLACING SOYBEAN MEAL WITH LUPINE
SEED ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND FATTY ACIDS PROFILE
OF MEAT IN BROILER DIET
Daniel MIERLITA
Department of Animal Science, University of Oradea, Romania
Keywords. alkaloid-free lupine, fatty acids composition, meat, broiler.
Introduction. In the context of the prohibition of animal flours in broiler diet and high price
of soy products and by-products, lupine seed may represent a promising alternative to ensure,
from domestic production, the vegetable protein in poultry feed in our country. The interest in
using lupine seed in broiler diet is justified primarily by its high protein content (40.08% Pb.),
but also by its high fat content (9.7%) and the high share of polyunsaturated fatty acids
(C18:2n-6, C18:3 n-3) in their structure (Mierliţă, 2012).
Aims. Given the weight but especially the place and role of fats in maintaining consumer
health, in our research we monitored the effect of partial substitution of soybean grit with free
alkaloids lupine seed in the diet of broiler (chicken and turkey), the bio-productive
performance and especially the effect on the profile of fatty acids in the chest intramuscular
fat.
Materials and Methods. The experiment was conducted as a completely randomized
experimental design consisting of two treatments involving a control diet consisting of corn soybean grits (LC) and an experimental diet (LE) in which the proteins from soy grits were
replaced by alkaloids free lupine flour. In the case of chicken broiler, the protein derived from
soy grits was replaced by alkaloids free lupine flour in proportion of 30% during days 1-21
and 60% during days 22-42 (14.0-25.7% lupine ratio in the combined fodder structure). As
for the turkey broiler, lupine seed accounted for 30% of combined fodder structure,
substituting between 40% (breeding stage 0-3 weeks) and 75% (breeding stage 15-18 weeks)
of protein provided by soy grits. Besides the bio-productive performance, we established the
fatty acids profile in chest intramuscular fat. Fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) were obtained
using the procedure described by Watkins et al (1997). FAME were analysed using an HP
5890 Series II gas chromatograph equipped with DB23 column (30 m, 0.53 mm id, 0.5 µm
film thickness).
Results. Substitution of soy grits protein in the broiler diet by introducing free of alkaloids
white lupine beans in broiler food has no negative effect on their bio-performance.
Introducing lupine seed in broiler caused a significant decrease in the share of saturated fatty
acids (SFA) and an increase in the share of fatty acids n-6 and n-3 series in the structure of
intramuscular fat in the chest, which means an improvement of their nutritional qualities.
Conclusion. The innovative nutritional solution we put forward does not affect broiler’s bioproductive performance and carcass quality, yet it provides an improved fatty acid profile of
meat, caused by the high content of fatty acids n-3 series (C18:3 n-3) and a favourable ratio of
fatty acids n-3/ n-6. Use of lupine seed in broiler diet contributes to enhancing the nutritional
quality of poultry meat.
Acknowledgement. This work was supported by UEFISCDI
260
ANALYSIS OF CATTLE FARMING SYSTEMS AND PRODUCTION
STRATEGIES OF DAIRY FARMERS IN ALGERIAN SEMI ARID
REGION
Charef-Eddine MOUFFOK1*, Lounis SEMARA2 and Farida BELKASMI2
1
Department of Agriculture and Livestock Science. University of Setif 1, Algerian.
2
Department of Biology. University of Mila, Algeria.
2
Department of Biology. University of BBA, Algeria.
*
Keywords. cattle, semi arid, livestock system, feeding system, performance
Introduction. Algeria is a country with one of the highest potentials for milk import mobilizing
more than 200 million dollars every year (Mouffok et al. 2013). To reduce this dependence on
imports, since the 1970s, the relevant authorities have been conducting investigations through
several development plans. However, agricultural land in Algeria is marked by water shortage;
annually it receives less than 450 mm of rainfall. Livestock has also been integrated in this
farming, and the study area covers the majority of cattle and sheep herds.
Aims. This study is designed to characterize cattle farming in a region marked by remarkable
climatic contrasts. The aim of this work is to contribute to recommendations for improving animal
performance and sustainability of production systems through surveys and monitoring studies of
breeding practices.
Materials and Methods. 165 farmers were interviewed using a three-part questionnaire; structure
of farm, functioning of livestock farming systems and economic performance. After an initial
analysis, some farms have been the subject of a second visit to assess animal performance.
Results. At the farm level, a large structural and functional diversity was observed. The
specialized breeders are rare (<20% of cases), while the integration of livestock in agriculture is
observed in over 80%. Cattle unit is also diverse; specialized dairy farms represent a small share
following the high potential risks of this choice. Mixed systems dominate the cattle activities and
have three different trends. At the individual level, we found that the expression of performance is
relatively independent of livestock production systems. However, feeding systems appear to be
the main source of variation in performance, as confirmed by findings of several authors
(Olafadehan and Adewumi, 2008).
Conclusion. In conclusion, we can see a wide diversity of farming practices and commercial
strategies of cattle farmers in the study area. This diversity is reflected in a more or less significant
variability in performance; diversity originates in feeding practices.
References
1. MouffokC. Semara L. and Madani T. (2013). Diagnostics of structure and functioning of
cattle farms and analyses of food systems and management in Algerian high plain region.
International journal of Plant, Anim and Environ Sci 3: 178-185.
2. Olafadehan O A. and Adewumi M K. (2008). Productive and reproductive performance of
strategically supplemented free grazing prepartum Bunaji cows in the agropastoral
farming system. Trop Anim Health Prod 41:1275–1281
261
QUALITY PARAMETERS FOR COMMERCIAL ROYAL JELLY
Carmen Ioana MUREŞAN1*, Liviu Alexandru MÃRGHITAŞ1 , Daniel Severus
DEZMIREAN1, Otilia BOBIŞ1, Victorița BONTA1, Iulia ZACHARIAS1, Rodica
MÃRGÃOAN1 and Claudia PAŞCA1
1
Department of Beekeping and Sericulture. University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
*
Keywords. royal jelly, quality parameters, minerals, 10-HDA
Introduction. Royal Jelly is a secretion product from the cephalic glands of young worker
bees nursing the larvae in their first three days, while the honeybee queens continue to be fed
with Royal Jelly throughout their entire lives (Mărghitaş, 2008). An important matter in terms
of globalization and international marketing is the need for standardization of products.
Aims. The aim of this study was to monitor the chemical composition of commercial samples
of Royal Jelly in Romania in order to propose a standardization for this product.
Materials and Methods. The commercial Royal Jelly samples were purchased randomly
from Cluj County. The physico-chemical composition of commercial Royal Jelly samples was
analysed by determining quality parameters: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, 10-hydroxy-2decenoic acid (10-HDA) and mineral elements. Carbohydrates analysis was carried out by
HPLC-RI. Lipid content measurements were carried out by Soxhlet method. Total protein
content in Royal Jelly was determined by Kjeldahl method. 10-HDA, the major fatty acid,
was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. The concentration of minerals
was measured by flame atomic absorption spectrometry.
Results. The protein values extended from 13.10 % (RJ2) to 17.04% (RJ10). The values for
the major fatty acid, 10-HDA, ranged between 1.35% (RJ8) and 2.03% (RJ10). The content of
carbohydrates, proteins and lipids in the analysed samples is in accordance with the levels
proposed by Sabatini (2009). The concentration of minerals varied between 3188.70 mg/kg
and 4023.39 mg/kg. Potassium followed by magnesium, sodium and calcium occur in the
highest concentrations.
Conclusion. Royal jelly has become a high-value commercial product and a standardization
of this product is required to guarantee its quality on the market. The commercial Royal Jelly
samples analysed presented variable physico-chemical characteristics that satisfy the
values indicated by international quality standards proposals for Royal Jelly.
References
1. Mărghitaş, L.Al. ( 2008). Albinele şi produsele lor, Editura Ceres, Bucureşti.
2. Sabatini, A.G., Marcazzan, G.L., Caboni M.F., Bogdanov, S. and Almeida-Muradian,
L.B. (2009). Quality and standardisation of Royal Jelly. Journal of ApiProduct and
ApiMedical Science 1(1): 1-6.
262
ETHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF CALVES’ WELFARE
ACCORDING TO WEANING METHOD
Radu I. NEAMŢ1,2*), Stelian ACATINCĂI2), Daniela E. ILIE1), Ludovic T. CZISZTER2)
1)
Research and Development Station for Bovine, Calea Bodrogului 32, 310059, Arad, Romania
Faculty of Animal Science and Biotechnologies, Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and
Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I of Romania”, Calea Aradului 119, 300645, Timisoara, Romania
2)
Keywords. behaviour, calves welfare, weaning method
Introduction. The interruption of milk diet affects calves’ welfare shown by changes in
behaviours. Primary behaviours differ in frequency and intensity according to weaning
method applied.
Aims. The aim of the study was to quantify the ethological response of calves under the
influence of weaning method applied.
Materials and Methods. The study was conducted on 48 Romanian Spotted breed calves,
weaned gradually (30 calves with 10 days of pre-weaning period) or abruptly (18 calves) at
90 days of age. Calves’ behaviour was analyzed using video recordings from the weaning day
(24 hours interval of recording). Data were processed as means ± standard errors, differences
emerged were statistically tested using Tukey HSD.
Results. Calves weaned gradually allocated 7.4±0.26 intake bouts/day, totalling 143.56±5.19
min./day, compared with only 5.7±0.39 intake bouts/day, totalling 92.34 min./day for abruptly
weaned calves (P<0.001). Abrupt weaning increased (P<0.01) the frequency of exploration
bouts (9.4±1.12 vs. 8.2±0.97 bouts/day in abrupt and gradual weaning, respectively). The
average length of exploration bouts for abruptly weaned calves (6.8±0.28 vs. 5.3±0.17
min./bout) and the daily allocated time for this activity (63.92±1.14 vs. 43.46±1.31 min./day)
were increased compared to gradually weaned calves. The higher stress caused by abrupt
weaning significantly increased (P<0.001) the frequency of agonistic events (6.36±1.19 vs.
3.09±0.23 bouts/day) and the daily allocated time for this activity (75.68±6.22 vs 22.18±0.92
s./day) compared to gradual weaning.
Conclusion. We conclude that abrupt weaning exerts negative influence on the calves’
welfare resulting in emphasizing unwanted behaviours.
Acknowledgments This paper was published under the frame of European Social Fund,
Human Resources Development Operational Programmed 2007-2013, project no.
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765..
263
SOME ASPECTS OF THE INCIDENCE AND INFESTATION LEVEL
OF PARASITISM IN CIPRINIDAE POSTODIPLOSTOMOSIS
Octavian NEGREA1, Vioara MIREŞAN1, Camelia RĂDUCU1, Grigore ONACIU1,
Octavia NEGREA1 , Călin LAŢIU1, Daniel COCAN1*
1
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Faculty of Animal Science
and Biotechnologies Cluj-Napoca, Mănăştur Street 3-5, 400372, Romania
*corresponding author: [email protected]
Keywords. postodiplostomosis, metacercariae, infestation
Introduction. Ciprinidae postodiplostomosis (black ink spot disease) is a cutaneous
parasitosis resulting from the encystation of cercaria to metacercaria in subcutaneous
connective tissue and muscles in the form of visible or very visible nodules because of their
black colour deposits of melanin (pigment melanin deposits).
Aims. The incidence and level of parasitism in Diplostomum spathaceum
(postodiplostomosis) has been investigated in various species of Ciprinidae from Ţaga – Cluj
basin fisheries.
Materials and Methods. The investigation was carried out in May-June 2015 on a sample of
82 fish from three species (62 Scardinius erythrophthalmus individuals, 8 Rutilus rutilus
individuals and 12 individuals of Blicca bjoerkna respectively).
Results. The incidence of parasitosis caused by Diplostomum spathaceum (cuticular
postodiplostomosis) reached 80.6% in Scardinius erythrophthalmus, 75% in Rutilus rutilus
and 25% in Blicca bjoerkna. Intensity level of the parasitosis showed low values at the three
Ciprinidae species: 72% in Scardinius erythrophthalmus, 83.3% in Rutilus rutilus and 66.6%
in Blicca bjoerkna.
Conclusion. Histologic sections from dorsal muscles evidenced metacercaria delimited by
conjunctive tissue in the form of capsule with many cells (melanocytes and melanophages).
These cells show a dark brown pigment in the cytoplasm, granular appearance masking
nucleus. Inflammation in filtering cell is discreet, revealing few mononuclear cells and
heterophile.
References
1. Constantin, Gh., Oţel V. (1989). Ghid Ihtiopatologic pentru piscicultura din Delta
Dunării, Buletinul de Cercetări Piscicole, Suplimentul II.
2. Munteanu G.,Bogatu D.I., (2003). Tratatul de ihtiopatologie, Editura Excelsior Art,
Timişoara, pag.416-424.
3. Negrea O. (2007). Bolile peştilor, Edit. AcademicPres, Cluj-Napoca
264
STUDY ON THE INCIDENCE AND INTENSITY OF PARASITISM, IN
DYNAMICS, OF IXODID TICKS FROM CATTLE RAISED IN
HOUSEHOLD SYSTEMS
Octavian NEGREA1, Vioara MIREŞAN1*, Camelia RĂDUCU1, Grigore ONACIU1,
Zamfir MARCHIŞ1, Călin LAŢIU1, Daniel COCAN1
1
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Faculty of Animal Science
and Biotechnologies Cluj-Napoca, Mănăştur Street 3-5, 400372, Romania
Keywords. ticks, ixodidae, cattle, intensity, extensivity, disease
Introduction. Ixodid ticks are temporarily parasitic arthropods whose importance is due both
to their direct action and possible transmission of many pathogens (viruses, rickettsiae,
parasites) (Cosoroabă, 2000). At the same time are the definitive host for some sporozoa
(babesia) so that inoculum role of ticks represents an important pathogenic factor and
essential epidemiology (Şuteu and Dulceanu, 2001; Şuteu and Cozma, 2004).
Aims. Investigations of the incidence and intensity of ecto-parasitism in ixodid ticks, in
correlation with clinical and anatomical changes have been performed. The sample included
25 cattle (15 cows and 10 calves) from a familial small farm from Feleac-Cluj. The data set
was collected during March-May 2015 period.
Materials and Methods. Clinical examinations were carried out on each individual animal to
identify ixodid ticks stuck in different parts of the animal skin (base of the ear, dewlap,
mammary gland, etc.), assessing both the level and intensity of ecto-parasitism, and anatomicclinical changes.
Results. The results show an increased skin ascariosis incidence to both categories of animals
studied, being 80% to 90% in young cows and bulls – the majority being low infestations
cases, 75% in cows and 55% in young cows. In contrast to the adults, in youth both medium
and severe infestations were higher (22.2% versus 16.6% in medium infestations, and 22.2%
versus 8% severe infestations).
Conclusion. The overview of anatomic-clinical changes in parasitized animals, although not
alarmingly, evidenced the presence of bleeding micro-lesions in sting sites (bleeding
dermatitis in the outbreak, sometimes complicated with micro-abscesses). Morphological
measurements carried out on the sample taken from the body of the cattle, according to the
synaptic standard of the etiology, showed the presence of two parasitic species: Ixodes
ricinnus (60%) and Dermacentor reticulatus (40%).
References
1. Cosoroabă I. (2000) - Acarologie veterinară, Ed. Mirton, Timişoara
2. Şuteu I., N. Dulceanu (2001) - Parazitozele cutanate la animale, Ed. Risoprint, ClujNapoca.
3. Şuteu E., Cozma V. (2004) – Parazitologie clinică veterinară, Risoprint, Cluj-Napoca
265
APPRECIATION OF THE MAMMARY GLAND HEALTH STATUS
BASED ON THE QUALITY TRAITS OF MILK OBTAINED FROM
FRIESIAN - BLACK SPOTTED BREED
Grigore ONACIU1*, Eugen JURCO1
1
Department of Cattle Breading, University of Agriculture Science and Veterinary Medicine ClujNapoca, Romania
*
Keywords. Friesian Breed, Mammary Health, Milk Quality, Milk Production
Introduction. Farmers’ preoccupation to produce milk that does not just meet the quantity
standards, but above all the qualitative ones in terms of the direct consequences of mammary
gland disorders on the profitability of the farm and animal welfare has currently been profiled
increasingly.
Aims. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the degree of mammary gland health in a
population of Friesian-Black Spotted breed based on the main traits of milk quality, with
particular reference to somatic cell counts as the main indicator of subclinical mastitis with
the identification of diseased cows and directing their milk for internal consumption of the
farm without affecting the quality of milk for processing or on sale through vending
machines.
Materials and Methods. The research was conducted during 2014 within the farm SC
Modern Farm in Jucu. Individual analysis of Holstein Friesian milked cows was conducted,
and the main indicators of milk production were analysed both quantitatively, based on daily
production obtained, and especially qualitatively, based on seven controls with individual
sampling from all milked cows at the date of control.
Results. Qualitative analysis of 1,391 milk samples highlighted the fact that milk from cattle
in 2014, in terms of the number of somatic cells, was an average of 650.39 ± 72.90 cells/ml x
103 with variability between 481.34 ± 62.24 and 909.57 ± 83.44 cells/ml x 103. Regarding the
fat content, the average was 4.19%, 3.63% for protein content, pH of 6.56 and urea of 20.09
mg/dl. Total milk production in 2014 was 16,656 hl, returning an average per day of 22.6 l /
head / year, 25.37 l / head / total lactation and 27.03 l / head / normal lactation.
Conclusion. By individual analysis cows with subclinical mastitis were identified, they were
milked separately, verified and monitored additionally in order to remediate udder health and
also to prevent clinical mastitis which can compromise the mammary gland.
References
1. Popescu A. (2009). Analysis of milk production and economic efficiency in dairy
farms. Scientific Papers Animal Science and Biotechnologies, Timisoara, 42 (1) :507512
266
THE TOTAL CONTENT OF POLYPHENOLS AND ANTIOXIDANT
ACTIVITY IN MELLIFEROUS PLANTS
Claudia PAŞCA1, Liviu Al. MĂRGHITAȘ1, Otilia BOBIȘ1*, Daniel S. DEZMIREAN1,
Rodica MĂRGĂOAN1 , Carmen MUREȘAN1
1
Department of Apiculture and Sericiculture: University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
Medicine - 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Mănăștur, 3-5, România
*
Keywords. melliferous plants, extraction methods, DPPH, polyphenols
Introduction. Bee products are popular, traditional health foods. The source they are
obtained from are melliferous plants, which have been recognized as an important source of
antioxidants (Skotti et al, 2014).
Aims. In this study, polyphenols content and antioxidant activity of different melliferous
plants were investigated, using two different solvents for extraction (water and alcoholic
extracts).
Materials and methods. Mentha pulegium, Arctium lappa, Symphytum officinale, Pantago
lanceolata, Thymus vulgaris, Salvia officinalis, Serratula tinctoria, Althaea officinalis,
Echinaceea augustifolia and Populus nigra were used in the present study. The analyses were
done using multichannel spectrophotometer (model Sinergy 2 Biotek). Folin-Ciocâlteu
method for polyphenol determination and DPPH method for antioxidant activity were the
principal methods of analysis.
Results. Both methods of extraction registered a high content of polyphenols obtained from
Populus nigra with an average of 14.34 mg/100g. Among the plants studied, Arctium lappa
registered a record antioxidant activity (0.129 mmol Trolox /ml) in the form of alcoholic
extract and Echinacea augustifolia with a value of 0.122 mmol Trolox/ml aqueous extract.
The lowest values were recorded for the antioxidant activity of Althaea officinalis (alcoholic
extract) and Arctium lappa (aqueous extract).
Conclusion.The results show that Arctium lappa, Echinacea augustifolia and Populus nigra
melliferous plants can be considered for their high potential in biologically active compounds
and bee product raw materials (honey and pollen). The nectar and pollen of these plants will
have high antioxidant and antibacterial properties.
References
1. Efstathia Skotti, Anastasaki E., Kanellou G., Polissiou, Tarantilis P.A. (2014). Total
phenolic content, antioxidant activity and toxicity of aqueous extracts from Greek
medicinal and aromatic plants. Industrial Crops and Products 53: 46-54
267
STUDIES REGARDING THE YIELD OF SOME COMPLEX MIXTURES
OF PERENNIAL FORAGE PLANTS UNDER THE ECOLOGICAL
CONDITIONS OF COJOCNA, THE TRANSYLVANIAN PLAIN
Iulia-Manuela PLESA (MEDREA)1, Gheorghe MIHAI1, Nicusor SIMA1*, Rodica
SIMA1, Dorin PLESA1, Doru CRISTE1, Adela BOTIS1, Bogdan FAGADAR1
1
Biotechnologies, 3-5, Mănăştur Street, 3400, Cluj-Napoca, România,
*
Keywords. temporary grasslands, grasses, legumes, fertilization – N, P
Introduction. Grasslands have a special importance as an ecosystem, hosting a big variety of
species, being the main source of grass consumed by animals in fresh form or conserved in
different ways (Rotar and Carlier, 2005; Sima, 2006). How grasslands offer services is more
widely affected through processes that are usually summarized as "global changes" (Taube et
al., 2010). Temporary pastures can assure high forage yields in various ecological conditions
due to biological and agronomic features of perennial grass and legume species from
mixtures.
Aims. The aim of this research was to establish suitable mixtures and fertilization doses for
the ecological condition of Transylvania as a solution to provide fresh matter forage in most
farms in this area.
Material and method. The experiment took place in 2012 in the environmental conditions of
Cojocna, Cluj County. The research includes a bifactorial experiment organized by the
method of subdivided parcels. The experimental factors were represented by: crops – A factor
(8 complex mixtures of perennial grasses and legumes (V2 – V9) and one alfalfa pure crop
(V1), considered as control; and by fertilization levels – B factor (0N0P, 60N70P, 120N70P
kg·ha-1). The obtained data were statistical analysed using ANOVA and DUNCAN test.
Results and discussions. The total yield of forage in 2012 year, in the Cojocna grassland
ecosystem, varied between 5.63 and 8.29 t·ha-1D.M.
Based on the dry matter yield obtained from the 9 experimental variants and the analysis of
the mixture’s factor influence, it is shown that, at N120P70 fertilization level, mixture 4
recorded the best yield (over 9 t·ha-1), at the opposite pole being mixtures 5, 7 and 8
(approximately 6 t·ha-1), at the same level of fertilization.
Conclusions. Mixtures 2, 5, 8 and 9 have significant distinctly negative differences compared
to the pure alfalfa crop. In the Cojocna grassland ecosystem, in 2012 year, mixture 4
composed by Medicago sativa L., Lotus corniculatus L., Dactylis glomerata L., Festuca
arundinacea Schreb., Lolium perenne L., under the influence of fertilization factor has
reached the highest dry matter yield. Based on the dry matter yield obtained from the 9
experimental variants under the influence of mixture factor, it has been proven that mixture 4
has recorded the best production (8.29 t·ha-1)
References
1. Rotar I. and Carlier L. (2005). Cultura pajiştilor. Editura Risoprint, Cluj-Napoca.
2. Sima N. (2006). Ecopratologie. Editura Accent, Cluj–Napoca.
3. Taube F., Schnyder H. and Isselstein J. (2010). Foreword of Grassland in a changing
world. Grassland Science in Europe. Vol. 15. Kiel. Germany.
268
THE DEVELOPMENT OF A CANINE PARA-AGILITY PROGRAMME:
BEHAVIOURAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS ON AUTISTIC
CHILDREN AND ON THE THERAPY DOGS
Denisa POP1,2, Alina S. RUSU2* and Vioara MIREȘAN1*
1
Department of Animal Science, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine,
Romania.
2
Department of Special Education, Babes-Bolyai University, Romania.
*
Corresponding authors, e-mail: [email protected], [email protected]
Keywords. autistic children, therapy dogs, stress reduction, human-animal interactions
Introduction. Human-animal interactions (HAI) are known to increase the quality of life of
both humans (Beetz et al., 2012) and dogs (Pop et al., 2014). A review of the literature
indicates that factors such as intensive work, unfamiliarity with the context or being kept in
lead have an impact on the cortisol levels of therapy dogs (Pop et al., 2014). Several experts
in the field of animal-assisted therapy are currently emphasizing that an optimal HAI
programme should have beneficial effects on both humans, and therapy animals.
Aims. Taking into consideration the hypothesis that the positive effects of HAI might be
associated with the functioning of Autonomic Nervous System (ANS), the aim of the present
study is to investigate several behavioural and physiological correlates of ANS-related effects
of a canine para-agility programme for autistic children.
Materials and Methods. The agility programme will consist of six 120-min sessions,
involving a line with five obstacles and a play tunnel, through which the dogs will be
individually led by children, being assisted by the dog-handler and the therapist. While
walking the line, positive interactions with the dog will be encouraged. The behaviour of the
children and of the dogs will be recorded and analysed frame-by-frame, using the method of
Behavioural Sequential Analysis. Dogs’ heart rate and blood pressure will be monitored
before and after each session. Auto-stimulant behaviours of the children will be rated before
the day and after the day of each session.
Results. The preliminary data of the first session indicate a reduction of the frequency of the
auto-stimulant behaviours in children. Data collection is still in progress.
Conclusion. A decrease in the children’s auto-stimulant behaviours is expected after each
session, because of the dogs’ de-arousal (calming) effect, which usually activates the
Parasympathetic Nervous System. A decrease in heart rate and blood pressure is expected
from pre-test to post-test in the therapy dogs.
References
1. Beetz, A., Uvnäs-Moberg, K., Julius, H., Kotrschal, K. (2012). Psychosocial and
psycho-physiological effects of human-animal interactions: the possible role of
oxytocin. Front Psychol., 3, 1-15.
2. Pop, D., Rusu, A.S., Pop-Vancia, V., Papuc, I., Constantinescu, R., Mireșan, V.
(2014). Physiological Effects of Human-Animal Positive Interaction in Dogs – Review
of the Literature, Bulletin of UASVM, 71, 102-110.
Acknowledgement. This study is supported by the PN-II-PT-PCCA-2013-4-0781 research
grant.
269
POSSIBILITIES FOR INTENSIVE FARMING OF CHUB
SQUALIUS CEPHALUS, LINNAEUS 1758 (ACTINOPTERYGII:
CYPRINIDAE), USING LIVE FOOD
Florentina POPESCU1, Călin LAŢIU1, Daniel COCAN1, Vioara MIREŞAN1*
1
Faculty of Animal Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Mănăştur Street 3-5, 400372. Romania.
Keywords. Squalius cephalus, intensive farming, live food, recirculating system
Introduction. Chub (Squalius cephalus) is a fish species of the carp family, commonly found
in Transylvanian rivers (Bănărescu, 1964). It has a great capacity for adaptation, being present
in both stagnophil and reophil waters. In countries such as Ireland, this species was introduced
by anglers, and now it is considered an invasive species. Starting from the great plasticity of
this species, in this study, we aimed to intensively raise chub specimens (Squalius cephalus),
from the Someşul Mic River, using specific equipment, for intensive fish farming. Using
natural food for fish farming is nowadays an important issue (Abowei and Ekubo,
2011).Thus, we chose to use these feed structures for our experiment.
Aims. The purpose of this paper is to record growth, feed conversion, and the adaptation
capacities of Chub in intensive farming conditions.
Materials and Methods. The experiment took place in April to June 2015. Fifty specimens
of chub (Squalius cephalus) were captured from the Someşul Mic.The specimens were
transported to the Fisheries and Aquaculture laboratories of UASVM Cluj-Napoca. The
acclimatisation of specimens took seven days, while the fish were kept in quarantine tanks.
Acclimatization temperature was between 16 and 19 degrees Celsius, the temperature of
comfort for this species. Feeding was performed using natural food. The duration of the
experiment was 40days.
Results. During the 40 days of experiment, the fish adapted very well to captivity conditions.
Feed ratios were totally consumed, the fish gaining weight. Physical and chemical parameters
of water were daily monitored. We used the following indices for body mass evaluation:
DWG (Daily Weight Gain), TG (Total Gain), FCR (Food Conversion Ratio), PE (Protein
Efficiency), FE (Feeding Efficiency), SR (Survival Rate), SGR (Specific Growth Rate). At
the end of our experiment, the results were positive.
Conclusions. Based on our results, we concluded that Chub (Squalius cephalus) can be
farmed in intensive systems. Feeding natural food is an effective solution for cyprinid
farming.
References
1. Bănărescu P., (1964). Fauna Republicii Populare Romîne, Pisces-Osteichthyes (Peşti
ganoizi şi osoşi), Vol. XIII. Ed. Academiei Republicii Populare Române, Bucureşti.
2. Abowei J.F.N., Ekubo A.T., (2011). A Review of Conventional and Unconventional
Feeds in Fish Nutrition. British Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology 2(4): 179-191.
270
ENTREPRENEURIAL AND MARKET ORIENTATION IN
BEEKEEPING ENTERPRISES
Anca POPOVICI1*, Liviu MĂRGHITAŞ1, Daniel DEZMIREAN1, Marioara ILEA2
1
Department of Apiculture and Sericulture, 2Department of Economic Sciences, University of
Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
*
Keywords. innovativeness, proactiveness, risk-taking, customer orientation, profitability
Introduction. Literature shows that entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and market orientation
(MO) influence firm performance. Researchers agree that entrepreneurial orientation is a
combination of three dimensions: innovativeness, proactiveness and risk-taking (Rauch et al.
2009). Market orientation reflects the extent to which firms establish the satisfaction of
customer needs and wants as an organizing principle.
Aims. The main purpose of the present research is to analyse the entrepreneurial and market
orientations of beekeeping enterprises from France and Romania.
Materials and Methods. Data were collected by means of an email survey from July until
October 2014. A structured questionnaire was sent to the owners of 1300 apicultural
enterprises in France and in Romania. This resulted in 100 valid responses from France and
160 from Romania to be used in the statistical analysis. The data were analysed using SPSS
statistical program v. 19. An exploratory factor analysis was performed to test the concepts of
entrepreneurial and market orientation within beekeeping enterprises.
Results. The study reveals the fact that the entrepreneurial and market orientations are present
in the apicultural enterprises of both countries. The present research highlights the fact that
selling innovative products, of superior quality, and being customer-oriented are the main
factors that ensure the success of beekeeping enterprises. One aspect that is relevant for the
management of beekeeping enterprises is that high-risk projects are preferred by beekeeping
enterprises characterized by a high degree of innovation. Beekeeping enterprises that have
company specific, innovative products, and are characterized by a high entrepreneurial
orientation sell their products through their own shops and by distribution to specialized
shops, thus gaining independence from bee products collectors.
Conclusion. Entrepreneurial orientation (innovativeness, proactiveness, risk-taking) and
market orientation were identified within the beekeeping enterprises from both countries.
References
1. Rauch A., Wiklund J., Lumpkin G.T., Frese M. (2009). Entrepreneurial orientation
and business performance: an assessment of past research and suggestions for the
future. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33: 761–787.
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
271
STUDIES ON THE ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF HUMULUS
LUPULUS EXTRACTS
Steliana RODINO1,2, Alina BUTU2,*, Ovidiu Iordache1,Georgeta FIDLER1,2,
Adrian Matei1, Marian BUTU2, Petruta Calina CORNEA1
1
2
University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Bucharest, Romania
National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Bucharest, Romania
*Corresponding author, e-mail address: [email protected]
Keywords. plant extracts, antibacterial activity, disc diffusion method
Introduction.The increasing number of reports on the resistance of bacterial strains suggests
the need for research on new sources of antimicrobial compounds. On the other hand, there is
a current worldwide trend in the use of alternative and complementary products in treating
different diseases and this has inspired scientists to investigate the potential biological
activities of medicinal plants.
Aims. Taking into account the data on acquired antibiotic resistance, the aim of the present
work was the study of the antibacterial activity of a plant derived extract against several Gram
positive and Gram negative bacteria.
Materials and Methods. The vegetal material used in this study was collected from the
locally available spontaneous flora. The antibacterial activity was tested against
Staphylococcus aureus Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas
fluorescens, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The zone of inhibition was measured on triplicate
experiments carried out by disc diffusion method, on Mueller Hinton agar plates.
Results. Six microbial strains were investigated for their resistance on hydroalcoholic extract
obtained from Humulus lupulus (hops).The strongest antibacterial activity, demonstrated by
clear inhibition area, was observed against B. subtilis and E. coli. The most resistant bacterial
isolate was P. aeruginosa.
Conclusion. Various plant extracts can be further investigated in a similar manner, as they
could be a promising source of antibacterial activity. The screening of antimicrobial activity
of plant extracts supports the traditional knowledge on medicinal plants and it represents a
preliminary scientific validation on their utilization for the antibacterial activity, confirming
the hypothesis that plant based products are effective in controlling microbial growth.
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765 and by UEFISCDI research contract PN-II-PT-PCCA 106/2012.
272
METABOLIC PROFILE OF URINE AMINO ACIDS IN WOMEN, AS A
POSSIBLE EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF BREAST CANCER
Florina ROMANCIUC1and Carmen SOCACIU1,2
1
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3-5 Mănăştur Street, Cluj-Napoca,
Romania;
2
Center for Applied Biotechnology CCD-BIODIATEC Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
Keywords. amino acids, breast cancer, biomarker, early detection, urine.
Abstract. Breast cancer (BC) incidence increased significantly among women; therefore its
early detection is crucial for adequate treatments and survival rate increase (Siegel et al.,
2015). Adequate metabolite markers are screened in blood or urine by high throughput
methods, such as Liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (Beger, 2013).
Urine may reflect the health conditions, including small excreted metabolites, such as
metabolic intermediates and protein degradation biomarkers (e.g. amino acids and peptides).
Aims. Considering the key role of amino acids in cell metabolism, the purpose of this study
was to determine the urine amino acids profile by LC-MS in cancer patients, comparing with
controls, and by multivariate analysis to check the potential of using amino acids to act as
reliable biomarkers for early BC detection.
Materials and methods. Urine samples were collected from thirty breast cancer and five
control patients. The amino acids were purified using solid phase extraction, by pre-column
derivatization and liquid/liquid extraction according to Ez-Faast kit (Phenomenex). The
derivatized samples were analysed by LC-QTOF-(ESI+)-MS and after processing data from
Dissect and Extracted Ion Chromatogram (Bruker software), Unscrambler X 10.1 for
multivariate analysis.
Results. Our results showed that the urine free amino acid profile of breast cancer patients
differs from healthy controls, BC had significantly lower concentrations, mainly in case of
glutamine, glycine, serine and lysine. Levels of leucine and asparagine were slightly higher in
BC. After principal components analysis (PCA), a good discrimination between BC and
controls was obtained only in case of essential amino acids. Four of the amino acids were
responsible for the discrimination between the two groups with a significantly different value
of P<0.05 (tiyrosine, serine, isoleucine and lysine).
Conclusion. The result presented shows that urine free amino acid profiles were altered in
breast cancer patients, this suggest that lower concentrations of free amino acids is a specific
feature of breast cancer.
References
1. Beger R. D. (2013). A review of applications of metabolomics in cancer. Metabolites
3:552-574.
2. Siegel R. L., Miller K. D. and Jemal A. (2015). Cancer statistics, 2015. CA Cancer J
Clin. 65:5-29.
273
TOXICOLOGICAL TESTS OF TUMOLIT AND ARTEMISININ
PRODUCTS ON LABORATORY MICE AND RATS
Crina Elena STRUGARIU1, Anca Alexandra STUPARU1, Voichita Maria GAVRILA1,
Teofil OROIAN1*
Department of Animal breeding, Faculty of Animal Science and Biotechnologies,
Keywords. Artemisinin, mice, rats, tests, toxicity, Tumolit
Introduction. This paper presents the experimental results establishing the lethal dose (LD)
of the two products considered to have anti-tumoral effect: Tumolit and Artemisinin. The
literature defines lethal dose as the dose of a product that produces animal mortality. Lethal
dose is used in experimental practice, and it is an increasingly clear expression of the toxicity
of a product. In practice, lethal dose is recognized in three dimensions: - minimum - DL 25, medium – DL 50 and maximum - DL 100.
Aims. In our research, we tried to establish LD50 which represents the dose at which death
occurs in 50% of experimental animals.
Materials and Methods. For testing we used an experimental device consisting of two
species of gnawers, mice and rats of the Wistar Swiss variety. Two experimental groups
included 20 Swiss male mice/group and two groups of Wistar rats with 10 experimental
units/lot. In interpreting the results of our research and in the development of the experiment
protocol, we took into account Hodge and Sterner’s toxicity scale. The initial doses of both
products we used were 200 mg/kg/body; every mouse and rat was given an orally
administered single-dose. Between each oral dose one day of rest was maintained in order to
evaluate possible effects. The protocol continued with 500mg dose/kg/body, then 1,000
mg/kg/ body, 2,000 mg/kg/body and 5,000 mg/kg/body. At this dose, administration was
disrupted in mice. For rats, doses were increased in three innings to 5,000 mg /kg/body,
15,000 mg/kg/body concerned 20,000 mg /kg /body in single oral dose. The administration
was done by gavage in a single dose.
Conclusions. There were no toxicity effects reported at any dose level applied, which is why
we conclude that the two products are non-toxic.
References
1. Gheorghe Dănilă, Cotrău, M., Nechifor, M. (1984). Ghid de date toxicologice, Editura
Medicală, București
2. Felicia Loghin (2002). Toxicologie generală, Ed. Medicală Universitară “Iuliu
Hațieganu”, Cluj-Napoca.
274
PHARMACEUTICALS AND DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS EXTRACTED
FROM MARE’S MILK-A REVIEW
Anca Alexandra STUPARU1, Crina Elena STRUGARIU1, Teofil OROIAN1*
1
Keywords. mare’s milk, horse, protein fractions.
Introduction. Mare’s milk has been studied by various authors in Belgium, Poland, Italy,
Spain, Germany and Croatia. In this survey, the composition of mare’s milk is reviewed and
compared to human and cow’s milk, considering the principal protein fractions and fatty acid
content. Protein content in mare’s milk is higher than in human milk and lower than in cow’s
milk. Distribution of di- and tri-glycerides in mare’s and women’s milk is similar. As the
topic of one author’s PhD thesis aims to carry out a qualitative and quantitative analysis of
mare’s milk in order to develop therapies for humans, in the present paper we aim to share the
pharmacological and dietary supplement uses of various compounds of mare's milk in some
EU countries. The paper is meant as a comparative study on bibliographic resources on the
latest European products on the market. We reviewed the results of foreign researchers on
their horse breeds on concentrations of elements such as Al, Co, Cr, Li, Mo, Ni, Sb, as part of
work on the correlation between lactating and essential fatty acids composition.
The study allowed the hierarchy of products depending on the amount and type of
substances from milk, horse used in therapeutic and cosmetic products.
Conclusion. Mare's milk products through clinical trials prove to be effective in treating
metabolic, immunological and dermatologic disorders.
References
1. Malacarne, M., Martuzzi, F., Summer, A., Mariani, P. (2002). „Protein and fat
Composition of mare’s milk: some nutritional remarks with reference to human and
cow’s milk”. International Dairy Journal. 12, 869-877
2. Pietrzak-Fiecko, R., Tomczynski, R. and Smoczynski, S.S. (2013). Effect of lactation
period on the fatty acid composition in mare’s milk from different breeds”. Archiv
Tierzuch. 9, 403-407.
275
CYTOTOXIC EFFECT OF CHITOSAN-GOLD NANOPARTICLES ON
TWO CELL LINE CULTURE
Marius ZĂHAN1*, Ana-Maria MUŢOIU1, Liliana OLENIC2, Ileana MICLEA1,
Adriana CRISTE1 and Vasile MICLEA1
1
Faculty of Animal Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
2
National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies,
*
Keywords. C26, chitosan, GNPs, HeLa, MTT
Introduction. Chitosan is a natural polysaccharide with biodegradable, biocompatible, nontoxic characteristics and it is known due to its antitumoral effects. In addition, it can act as a
stabilizing agent and it can be used to tailor the nanocomposite properties and also to provide
long-term stability to the nanoparticles by preventing particle agglomeration (Chen et al.,
2013). Bhumkar et al. (2007) developed a new strategy to exploit the use of chitosan as a
reducing agent for the production of gold nanoparticles (GNPs). In vitro studies showed that
cytotoxicity of NPs depends on cell line, size, concentrations and exposure time.
Aims. In this context, we investigated the cytotoxic effect of chitosan-GNPs on C26 (murine
colon carcinoma) and HeLa (human cervix carcinoma) cell lines.
Materials and Methods. C26 and HeLa cell lines were seeded into the 96-well microplates.
After 24 h of culture, cells were exposed to UV-Vis spectra characterised 10 and 60 nm sized
chitosan-GNPs at five different concentrations (5, 10, 25, 50 and 100µg/ml). After another 24
h of incubation, cytotoxicity was assessed by the MTT reagent (Thiazolyl Blue Tetrazolium
Bromide, Sigma) and IC50 values were calculated.
Results. We found that the cytotoxic effects of chitosan-GNPs are higher in C26 than in HeLa
cell lines. We also observed that these effects are higher at 60nm than at 10nm sized particles
according to the IC50 values.
Conclusion. Altogether, our results showed that chitosan-GNPs cytotoxicity also depends on
cell line, size and concentration.
References
1. Bhumkar D.R., Joshi H.M., Sastry M., Pokharkar V.B. (2007). Chitosan reduced gold
nanoparticles as novel carriers for transmucosal delivery of insulin. Pharm Res.
24(8):1415-1426
2. Chen Z., Wang Z., Xu H., Liu J. (2013). Chitosan-capped gold particles for selective
and colorimetric sensing of heparin. J Nanopart Res. 15:1-9
276
Section 8: Veterinary Medicine - Fundamental and preclinical sciences
SECTION 8: VETERINARY MEDICINE - FUNDAMENTAL AND
PRECLINICAL SCIENCES
BARTONELLOSIS IN PETS, RODENTS AND HUMANS
Shimon HARRUS*
Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
*
Corresponding author, e-mail address: [email protected]
Keywords. Bartonellosis, humans, pets, rodents
Bartonelloses are a group of diseases caused by a variety of Bartonella species. The latter are
small pleomorphic Gram negative bacilli, belonging to the Alpha-2 subdivision of
Proteobacteria. They are intra cellular bacteria, parasitizing erythrocytes and endothelial
cells, transmitted by arthropod vectors (Chomel et al 2006; Guptil 2010). More than 30
species exist in the genus (and many more variants). More than 14 species are associated with
human diseases (Gutiérrez et al., 2014).
To date, six species have been detected in cats including Bartonella henselae, Bartonella
clarridgeiae, Bartonella koehlerae, Bartonella quintana, Bartonella bovis and Bartonella
vinsonii subsp. Berkhoffii. Most cats experimentally infected with Bartonella spp. exhibited
no clinical signs. Their CBC, biochemistry & urinalysis were usually within normal reference
range (Guptil 2010).
Dogs can also become infected with several Bartonella spp. including B. vinsonii subsp.
berkhoffii, B. henselae, B. clarridgeiae, B. washoensis, B. elizabethae, and B. quintana.
Domestic dogs are more likely to be accidental hosts. They are excellent sentinels for human
infections because a similar disease spectrum develops in dogs (Chomel et al., 2006).
Rodents were found to have a high prevalence of Bartonella infection worldwide, with a high
diversity of Bartonella spp. and strains. The close contact between human and rodent
populations creates excellent condition for transmission of Bartonella spp. from rodents to
humans (Gutiérrez et al., 2014).
Of the bartonelloses, cat scratch disease (CSD) caused by B. henselae is the most known
disease caused by a Bartonella species. Transmission of B. henselae from cats to humans
probably occurs through contamination of cat scratches with flea excrement. Transmission
may also occur through cat bites (blood, saliva, flea-excrement). Immunocompetent human
individuals present usually more local signs while immunocompromised individuals may
present systemic signs which may be fatal. The disease may manifest in a variety of clinical
presentations including lymphadenopathgy, fever, fatigue, angiomatosis, peliosis hepatis,
meningitis, encephalitis, neuroretinitis and endocarditis. Veterinarians and veterinary staff are
at greater risk for CSD.
References and Further Reading:
1. Chomel BB1, Boulouis HJ, Maruyama S, Breitschwerdt EB. Bartonella spp. in pets
and effect on human health. Emerg Infect Dis. 2006;12:389-94.
2. Guptil L, Feline Bartonellosis. Vet. Clin. Small Anim. 2010; 40:1173-1190.
3. Gutiérrez R, Morick D, Cohen C, Hawlena H, Harrus S. The effect of ecological and
temporal factors on the composition of Bartonella infection in rodents and their fleas .
4. ISME J. 2014; 8:1598-1608.
277
GAP JUNCTION INTERCELLULAR COMMUNICATION AND
CARCINOGENESIS IN CANINE MAMMARY TUMORS
Brunella RESTUCCI*, Paola MAIOLINO, Manuela MARTANO
Department Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production University of Naples, Italy,
*
Keywords. Connexin, canine, intercellular communication, mammary tumors
Introduction. Gap junctions, composed of transmembrane proteins known as connexins, are
responsible of intercellular communication and, as a consequence, of maintaining homeostasis
in all tissues. Thus, a disruption of their structure has been shown to be involved in
carcinogenesis. In mammary tumors, which are composed of several cell types that interact
with each other and with other components of tissue microenvironment, gap junction
intercellular communication (GJIC) plays a crucial role.
Aims. Evaluate the expression of Connexin 26, 32 and 46 in normal and in neoplastic canine
mammary tissue by immunohistochemistry, double immunofluorescence staining and western
blot analysis and correlate results with histological grading of tumors.
Materials and Methods. 70 samples of canine mammary tumors, classified according to
Goldshmidt criteria, and ten matched samples of normal mammary gland tissue were
immunostained for connexins 26, 32, 43. Five samples of each histological tumor type were
chosen for western blot analysis.
Results. In malignant tumours, a gradual decrease of immunoreactivity and an alteration in
the distribution of connexins was observed. In particular, connexin 26, which showed strong
immunolabelling restricted to the cell membrane in normal mammary glands, in malignant
tumours decreased progressively until it disappeared completely in the less differentiated
ones. Connexin 43, which in normal mammary glands was expressed by myoepithelial cells,
vascular endothelial cells and few epithelial cells with membranous positivity, in malignant
tumours was expressed in the cytoplasm of many epithelial cells. The connexin 32, absent in
normal mammary glands, in malignant tumors was expressed in some epithelial cells, with
diffuse cytoplasmic positivity.
Conclusion. The changes in connexin expression are related to the grade of malignancy,
resulting in altered gap junction intercellular communication. This confirms the involvement
of this communication system in mammary cancerogenesis and support the concept that a
cancer cell is the one that has lost capacities to communicate with the adjacent cells within a
tissue.
References
1. Goldshmidt M., Pena L., Rasotto R., ZappulliV. (2011) Classification and Grading of
Canine Mammary Tumors. Vet.Path. 48:117-131.
278
EQUINE INFERTILITY: GENETIC IMPLICATIONS AND THEIR
DETECTION BY MOLECULAR METHODOLOGIES
M. MORENO MILLÁN*, G. ANAYA CALVO-RUBIO and S DEMYDA PEYRÁS
MERAGEM Research Group, Department of Genetics, Cordoba University, Spain.
*
Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]
Keywords. equine infertility, chromosomal abnormalities, molecular markers
Infertility in equines was rarely related to genetics. Furthermore, fertility is a parameter
scarcely considered in selection schemes in equids around the world. However, it was
demonstrated that chromosomal abnormalities, which are related with fertility problems, are
higher in horses than in other species. Most of these abnormalities continue undiagnosed,
probably because some remain “silent” until adulthood, by the lack of laboratories available
to perform these analyses, and also due to the complexity of the horse karyotype. We have
designed a new methodology based on the use of molecular markers which can detect up to
75% of the chromosomal abnormalities in horses, with an accuracy higher than 99.5%.
Several molecular markers, covering all the extension of the Equus caballus chromosomes Y
and X (ECAY and ECAX) are determined in a single PCR reaction. Based on the analysis of
the presence or absence of such markers and the variability in the alleles determined, we can
detect the type of chromosomal abnormality present in the individual in less than 24 h,,
starting from samples of diverse origin such as hair, blood, skin, etc.
In the last three years, we detected 10 equines carrying infertility-related chromosomal
abnormalities including two chimeras, seven 64, XY DSD sex reversal mares, and one male
pseudohermaphroditism with a totally aberrant reproductive tract. One of the chimeras was a
hematopoietic individual (the chimera was present only in blood) without any physiological
or morphological consequence, and in the other (whole body chimera) we detected the
presence of pseudo-ovaries as well as an abnormal perineal area and the absence of testicles.
During this period, we also analyzed eight extra individuals (3 males and 5 mares), originally
detected as normal horses from the cytogenetic point of view, due to abnormal reproductive
behavior.
This methodology allows us to conduct a rapid and inexpensive determination that can rule
out the presence of chromosomal abnormalities, described as a cause of infertility in horses,
with more than 99.5% of accuracy. Currently, we are screening the Spanish Purebred Horse
database to determine the real prevalence of this kind of abnormalities which are normally
underestimated in equines. These results enable us to estimate the economic importance of
genetic impairments related with equine fertility and provide farmers with a valuable,
inexpensive and reliable tool to improve the performance of their equine herds.
Acknowledgement. This project was funded by MERAGEM (AGR158) research group,
University of Cordoba, Spain. We thank Adriana Di Maggio for language editing.
279
COMPARATIVE DATA CONCERNING THE INCIDENCE OF
CANCER IN DOGS IN A PERIOD OF TEN YEARS IN ATHENS
(GREECE) AND CLUJ-NAPOCA (ROMANIA)
Adrian Florin GAL*, Anna ANDRIOPOULOU, Viorel MICLĂUȘ, Flaviu TᾸBᾸRAN,
Marian TAULESCU, Andras NAGY, Roxana CORA, Raluca VIDRIGHINESCU,
Cornel CǍTOI
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3-5
Mănăştur Street, 3400 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
*
Keywords. cat, dog, incidence, tumor.
Introduction. Epidemiological studies in domestic animal populations can deliver useful
details concerning the incidence of neoplastic lesions, which may aid in the identification of
risk factors.
Aims. In the proposed study, we considered the incidence and prevalence of tumors in dogs
and cats in Voula (a suburb area of Athens, Greece) and Cluj-Napoca (Romania) for a period
of 10 years. The obtained data were compared in order to observe the main differences in the
suggested regions.
Materials and Methods. The data were collected from the records of Pathology Department
(Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania) and a hospital in Voula (a suburb
area of Athens, Greece), respectively, in the last decade.
Results. Several differences were observed between Voula (Athens) and Cluj regions
concerning tumor occurrence. The incidence of mammary gland neoplasm in Cluj County, it
was two times higher compared to the findings from Voula (Athens). Furthermore, the
occurrence of skin neoplasms was half in Cluj compared to the records in Greece, where skin
neoplasms were the most prevalent tumors. Another difference, is the incidence of tumors in
the lymphatic system which was very low in Cluj (approximately six times less) than in Voula
(Athens). Concerning the highest tumoral prevalence in various dog breeds, the most affected
were Mongrel and German shepherd (somehow similar with the results obtained in Cluj
County).
Conclusion. The incidence of cancer in dog fluctuates according to the investigated area,
suggesting that determining environmental risk factors may contribute to the neoplastic lesion
development.
280
IMMUNOHYSTOCHEMICAL STUDY OF THE INTESTINAL
STROMAL TUMORS IN DOGS - 7 CASES AND REVIEW OF THE
LITERATURE
Alexandru-Flaviu TĂBĂRAN*, Andras Laszlo NAGY, Alexandra TĂBĂRAN,
Marian TAULESCU, Adrian GAL, Marian MIHAIU, Cornel CĂTOI
1
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine,
*
Keywords. dog, immunohistochemistry, intestinal sarcomas, intestinal stromal tumors
Introduction. Primary spindle cell neoplasms of the gastrointestinal system show
considerable morphologic overlaps (2), proper histological classification of these tumors
using only the classical hematoxylin-eosin stained slides being often difficult and frequently a
source of diagnosis error (1). Thus, the immunohistochemistry is an essential tool in the
proper diagnosis and classification of these tumors.
Aims. In this study we tested and standardised a immunohistochemical protocol used for the
differentiation of primary intestinal sarcomas (nonangiogenic, nonlymphogenic intestinal
sarcomas) in dogs. The paper also aimed to critically review the state of art in
immunohistochemistry of intestinal spindle cell neoplasms currently used in dogs.
Materials and Methods. Seven cases of primary intestinal spindle cell neoplasms were
diagnosed and classified using a 6 antibody panel immunohistochemistry. Indirect
immunohistochemistry staining for S100 protein, desmin, α-SMA, CD34, c-Kit (2), and CEA
was conducted using a Leica Bond-Max auto-immunostainer.
Results. Based on the immunoreactivity, five stromal tumours were classified as
leiomyosarcomas, one a fibrosarcoma and one an undifferentiated sarcoma.
Conclusion. In most cases of intestinal sarcomas, the proper diagnosis requests the use of
immunohistochemistry. The retrospective analysis of these tumours proved that at least in one
case, the HE stain was not sufficient for the proper diagnosis and classification of the tumour.
Acknowledgement. This paper was published under the frame of European Social Found,
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/136893 and UEFISCDI grant PN-II-PTPCCA-2011-3.2-1060, Contract
95/2012.
References
1. Hayes, S. et al. (2013). Classification of canine nonangiogenic, nonlymphogenic,
gastrointestinal sarcomas based on microscopic, immunohistochemical, and molecular
characteristics. Vet Path Online, 50(5), 779-788.
2. Turner, M. S., & Goldsmith, J. D. (2009). Best practices in diagnostic
immunohistochemistry: spindle cell neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract. Archs of
path & lab med133(9), 1370.
281
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DATA CONCERNING CANINE LYMPHOMA IN
A PERIOD OF TEN YEARS (2005-2014), IN CLUJ-NAPOCA, ROMANIA
Roxana CORA*, Adrian Florin GAL, Flaviu TᾸBᾸRAN, Marian TAULESCU,
Andras NAGY, Raluca VIDRIGHINESCU, Cornel CǍTOI
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3-5
Mănăştur Street, 3400 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
*
Keywords. dog, epidemiology, lymphoma
Introduction. Lymphoma is a common neoplastic disease in dogs, which can represent up to
24% of all tumors in this species (Dank et al., 2011). Multicentric lymphoma is the most
frequent anatomical form, accounting nearly 80% of all canine lymphomas (Vail and Young,
2007).
Aims. In the current paper we assessed the incidence of canine lymphoma that were diagnose
in the Pathology Department (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania) in a
period of ten years (2005-2014).
Materials and Methods. The epidemiological data were collected from the records of
Pathology Department (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania) in the last
decade. The investigation included dogs diagnosed with lymphoma, following necropsy
analysis or assessment of biopsies or cytological samples collected by fine needle aspiration
from lymph nodes. All collected specimens were analyzed for histopathological diagnosis.
Results. The obtained results showed that canine lymphoma is a common tumor in this
region. Most dogs were diagnosed with multicentric lymphoma, but some other less common
forms were also identified, e.g. digestive lymphoma, mediastinal lymphoma and cutaneous
lymphoma. The middle-aged or older subjects were regularly affected by this tumor. A higher
incidence occurred in Rottweiller breed and Mongrels. No major differences were recorded
concerning the sex (i.e., males and females).
Conclusion. Considering that canine lymphoma is a common tumor in individuals of various
ages, sexes and breeds, further epidemiological reports may aid in the establishment of the
main risk factors for this entity.
References
1. Dank G., Rassnick K.M., Kristal O., Rodriguez C.O., Clifford C.A., Ward R., Mallett
C.L., Gieger T. and Segev G. (2011). Clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcome of
dogs with presumed primary hepatic lymphoma: 18 cases (1992-2008). J Am Vet Med
Assoc. 239(7):966-971
2. Vail D.M., Young K.M. (2007). Hematopoietic tumors. In: Withrow S.J., Vail D.M., eds.
Withrow and MacEwen’s small animal clinical oncology. St Louis: Saunders Elsevier,
2007; 699-784
282
HEPATIC FIBROSIS ASSESSMENT USING FRACTAL ANALYSIS AS
A HISTOLOGICAL GRADING METHOD
Claudiu GAL, Liviu GAIȚĂ, Claudia CONSTANTINESCU, Livia DUMITRESCU,
Manuella MILITARU
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agronomic Sciences and
Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest
Keywords. digital imaging, fractal analysis, hepatic fibrosis, METAVIR
Introduction. The histopathologic examination of hepatic fibrosis remains the gold standard
in routine diagnosis of hepatopathies in veterinary medicine. However, the visual evaluation
of fibrosis is usually limited by the observer’s capabilities, depending on his experience.
Aims. This paper aims to present the applicability of fractal analysis as a quantitative method
for evaluating the liver fibrosis grading compared to one of the semiquantitative methods used
currently in human histopathology. (1)
Materials and Methods. Ovine liver histological sections, Masson’s trichrome-stained, were
analyzed using the METAVIR score as the semiquantitative method for staging the liver
fibrosis and inflammatory reaction, and the fractal dimension of collagen regions as a
quantitative method for fibrosis evaluation.
Results. The results show strong correlations between fibrosis and fractal dimension as the
statistics revealed that there is a significant difference between the presence of fibrosis and its
absence (p<0.02). There wasn’t a significant difference between the fractal dimensions
corresponding to F1 and F2 fibrosis grade, most probably because of the slight differences in
fibrous tissue architecture. The presence of inflammatory cells did not influenced the fractal
dimension of fibrosis. The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) plot provides good
results for F0 fibrosis grade versus F1 or F2 grade, with the area under the ROC curve
exceeding 90%. Conclusion. The study shows that there are significant differences between
the fractal dimension values of liver tissue with fibrosis and without, therefore, the fractal
analysis provides a useful tool that can be used in the computer system of histology image
analysis for preliminary identification of the presence of fibrosis.
References
1. Dioguardi N. (2005). Reflections on the quantitative analysis of liver fibrosis in biopsy
specimens. Studies in Multidisciplinarity Vol.3. Multidisciplinary Approaches to
Theory in Medicine. 411–429
283
FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION CYTOLOGY (FNAC) OF NEOPLASMS
IN DOGS AND CATS, WITH EMPHASIS ON DIFFERENTIAL
DIAGNOSIS - A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY
Geta PAVEL1, Razvan MĂLĂNCUȘ1* and Mihai CONDREA1
1
Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
Medicine, Iasi.
*
Keywords. fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), malignancy criteria, neoplasia
Introduction. Fine needle aspiration citology (FNA) is a fast, noninvasive method, widely
used by clinical laboratories to diagnose neoplasms before the surgical intervention. FNA can
be used for obtaining a tissue diagnosis of subcutaneous and other tumors and also for body
cavity effusions.
Aims. This study proposes an evaluation of the types of neoplasms and malignancy criteria
found in cytological samples obtained from dogs and cats.
Materials and Methods. The study was conducted at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of
Iasi between 2012 and 2014 on 23 dogs and 15 cats. Patients diagnosed with masses and body
cavity effusions by the pathologists from Internal Medicine and Radiology Clinic were
referred to further assessment. Routine FNAC was performed by the attending pathologist.
The cytologic samples were obtained by fine needle aspiration in order to establish the
cellular origin of the neoplasms.
Results. Of 67 samples of fine needle aspiration, 38 (56,7 %) specimens were diagnosed as
neoplasms, 23 (60,5 %) being obtained from dogs and 15 (39,5 %) from cats.
Based on cytological malignancy criteria were diagnosed with certainty a number of 14
neoplasms represented by: adenocarcinoma – 4 cases (three cases with pulmonary origin and
one with mammary origin), cutaneous mastocytoma – 3 cases, osteosarcoma – 2 cases (one
extraskeletal osteosarcoma), lymphoma and lymphosarcoma – 2 cases and hemophagocytic
histiocytic sarcoma in one case. For the rest of the samples the cell type was not established,
being recommended further histopathological examination in order to provide a certain
diagnosis.
Conclusion. The results of this study confirmed FNAC as a reliable and useful diagnostic
procedure for neoplastic masses. Even though FNAC has a limited value in determining the
cellular origin of tumoral masses, it often provides a definitive diagnosis or can narrow the list
of differentials.
284
DISCONTINUOUS ELASTIC LAMINE IN THE INTERNAL ILIAC
ARTERY IN LAMB
Vasile RUS1, Flavia RUXANDA1, Cristian RAŢIU2, Adrian GAL1*,Viorel MICLĂUŞ1
1
2
University of Oradea, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Oradea, Romania
*
Keywords. elastic lamina, iliac artery, lamb.
Introduction. The cardiovascular apparatus is a closed system, in which the blood pumped
by the heart flows through arteries towards the capillary network and then back to the heart
through veins. The arterial wall is formed out of intima, media and adventitia. Depending on
the structure of tunica media, arteries can be elastic or muscular. Tunica media in arteries is
bordered by two elastic lamine. The internal elastic lamina comprises 2-3 elastic lamellae
with a compact disposition. The external elastic lamina contains 3-4 elastic lamellae, which
are thinner in comparison to the ones in the internal elastic lamina and they usually have a
less compact disposition.
Materials and Methods. We harvested the internal iliac arteries from 3 male hybrid Merino
lambs (approximately 3 months old), sacrificed by the breeders for own consumption. The
samples were fixed in Stieve’s solution, embedded in paraffin, sectioned at a 5 µm thickness
and stained through Goldner’s trichrome and Verhoeff methods.
Results and discussions: Upon the structure of the three tunicae, the internal iliac arteries can
come under the muscular arteries category. Similar to other muscular arteries, elastic fibers
are present among the muscle fibers in tunica media. They are relatively fine and
discontinuous. In two of the lambs taken into study, tunica media is bordered by an internal
elastic lamina towards its inner part, and an external elastic lamina towards the outer part.
Both lamine have a typical structure. In one of the lambs, the internal elastic lamina of the
right internal iliac artery is discontinuous, being absent on approximately 30-40% of the
circumference of the wall. The external elastic lamina appears interrupted as well, on the
same area as the internal one. The absence of the external elastic limitant was noticed in the
intracranian segment of the carotid artery.
Conclusions. The discontinuities observed in the elastic lamine of the internal iliac artery in
lamb can not have a functional signification, therefore we believe that we intercepted the
passage zone between the transition and muscular arteries.
285
CERVICAL CARDIAC ECTOPIA IN CATTLE – A CASE REPORT
Dana Liana PUSTA1, Rodica SOBOLU2, Adela BODEA3, Alexandra TĂBĂRAN1,
Pompei BOLFĂ1, Ioan PAŞCA1, Liviu BOGDAN1
1
Department of Veterinary Medicine, USAMV Cluj-Napoca, Romania
2
Department of Horticulture. USAMV Cluj-Napoca, Romania
3
Private Practitioner, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Keywords. cervical cardiac ectopia, cattle, polygenic determinism, multi-factorial disorder,
genetic prophylaxy.
Introduction. The cardiac ectopia is a congenital disorder, characterized by the location of
the heart outside the thoracic cavity. This disorder results due to an error during the
maturation of the medial line of the mesoderm and of the formation of the ventral wall of the
body during the embryonic development. The etiology is not well known being considered the
involving of the genetic and environmental factors. The most important genetic factors
involved in the heart ecopia are considered family Hox genes and the proto-oncogenes which
are generally involved in the induction and the differentiation of the embryonic structures and
the family Pax genes which are involved in the growing and development of the organs, being
considered as master genes, controlling the activity of other subordinate genes. The
localization of ecopia is very often ventral cervical, but there were also recorded cases of
sternal (thoracical) and very rare the abdominal one. (Abi, 2008, Wyrost, 1981).
Aims. The purpose of this study is to emphasize the clinical signs, diagnosis of the cervical
heart ectopia and to establish the possible genetic prevention methods of this disorder.
Materials and methods. The study was carried out on a two days old calf, which presented
the clinical signs of heart ectopia.
Results. At palpation, the clinical examination, emphasized a modified area in volume at the
cervical level and the auscultation revealed the heart beats. At necropsy patent ductum
arteriosus was diagnosed, together with the stenosis of the aorta and bilateral heart
hypertrophia.
Conclusions. In order to avoid the congenital pathological modifications of this type it is very
important the checking of the sperm quality, both in the case of artificial and natural
inseminations. It is very important, especially in the case of beef breeds to avoid the breeding
between half-sisters or brothers or between the parents and their offspring. In order to test the
genitors for their potential of gene carriers the test-cross is recommended and the elimination
of the carriers from the genitor group.
References
1. Abi B., A. Giamberti, 2008, Ectopia Cordis: A case report and review of related
embryology. Winter scientific meeting of British association of clinical anatomy, The
School of Medicine, Health policy and Practice, Norwich: University of East Anglia;
2. Wyrost, P.,1981, The results of studies on congenital cervical situs of the heart in
domestic animals, Folia Morphol, Praha, 29: 220-223.
286
QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE ELASTIC COMPONENT IN
TUNICA ADVENTITIA OF SOME ARTERIES IN LAMB
Dalma CSIBI1, Flavia RUXANDA1, Vasile RUS1, Cristian MARTONOS1, Viorel
MICLĂUŞ1*, Aurel DAMIAN1
1
Keywords. adventitia, arteries, elastic tissue, lamb.
Introduction. The arterial wall comprises intima, media and adventitia. Media is the dynamic
tunica of the vessel and adapts to the blood pressure solicitation. Adventitia represents the
protective and resistant tunica of the vessel and structurally, contains connective tissue, in
which the collagen fibers prevail and the elastic fibers are scarce.
Materials and Methods. We harvested samples from 5 hybrid Merino lambs (approximately
3 months old), sacrificed by the breeders. Samples were taken from the following arteries:
ascending aorta, aortic arch, thoracic and abdominal aorta, internal and external iliac arteries,
brachiocephalic trunk, subclavian arteries, bicarotid trunk and carotid arteries and were
histologically processed by paraffin embedding and stained with Goldner’s trichrome and
Verhoeff methods.
Results and discussion: Adventitia of the studied arteries presents a highly different
thickness from one segment to the other, depending on the distance from the heart and
supplied area. In the case of all the arteries taken into study, adventitia is formed of collagen
and elastic fibers. In some arteries, adventitia contains a small quantity of elastic fibers
(ascending aorta, aortic arch, thoracic aorta, bicarotid trunk, left subclavian artery). Other
arteries contain elastic fibers in larger quantities, without exceeding a certain limit (abdominal
aorta, internal iliac arteries, brachiocephalic trunk, right subclavian artery). In the external
iliac and carotid arteries, the elastic component in adventitia contains numerous thick fibers,
outbalancing the ones in tunica media. It seems like this great quantity of elastic tissue in
adventitia of these vessels appears as an adaptation to the external solicitations that exert upon
them, in direct relation with the supplied area.
Conclusions. The quantity of elastic tissue in adventitia of the studied vessels slightly differs
depending on its thickness and largely depending on the mechanical solicitations exerted upon
them in certain anatomical areas.
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/136893
287
VENOUS VASCULAR SYSTEM OF THE MAMMARY GLAND IN THE
BUFFALO COW - MORPHOLOGICAL ASPECTS Aurel DAMIAN, Antonia SOCACIU, Ioana CHIRILEAN, Florin STAN, Alexandru
GUDEA, Cristian DEZDROBITU, Flaviu TUNS, Cristian MARTONOS, Melania
CRIŞAN* and Irina IRIMESCU
1
Department of Comparative Anatomy. University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine
of Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
*
Keywords. buffalo cow, venous vascular system, udder, morphology
Introduction. Buffalo milk is highly appreciated in Romania, due to its nutritional qualities.
Milk production is tributary to the health of the udder and the venous vascularisation plays an
important part in the morphology and in the pathology of the latter.
Aims. Considering the clinical benefits derived from the extensive morphological data
existing in relation to the vascularisation of the udder in various milk cow breeds, our study
focused on assessing the venous vascularisation of the udder in buffalo cows.
Materials and Methods. Ten mammary glands were sampled from commercially slaughtered
adult female buffalo cows of various ages. The udders were isolated and the vascularisation
highlighted by arterial injection of a colouring agent (latex mixed with blue dye). The samples
were then fixed in a 2% formalin solution for 24 hours. The venous vascular system was
identified by stratigraphic dissection under a magnifying glass and examined.
Results. Our assessment of the venous system of the udder took into account the state of the
gland at the time of the slaughter and its influence on the width of the blood. We have
identified common venous trunks for the homolateral anterior and hind quarters and
perforating veins going through the median septum. In 7 out of 10 examined udders, teat and
parenchyma veins merged into a venous circle for each hind quarter, both of them merging
caudally with the greater venous circle at the base of the udder. 5 out of 10 samples also
presented secondary venous circles around each anterior quarter
Conclusion. The results of the present study indicate a proportionally better developed
venous vascularisation of the hind quarters in the buffalo cow, correlated with a higher milk
production at this level; this aspect is illustrated by a superior number of veins and a higher
occurrence of venous circles at this level. However, the udder presents a unified venous
drainage, as superficial veins of homolateral quarters merge, and the median suspensory
ligament is traversed by perforating veins.
288
LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE OF THE CRANIAL THORACIC
MAMMARY GLAND IN THE DOMESTIC CAT
Cristian DEZDROBITU1*, Ionel PAPUC2, Melania CRIŞAN1, Irina IRIMESCU1,
Alexandru GUDEA1, Ioana DUMITRU1, Cristian MARTONOS1 and Aurel DAMIAN1
1
Department of Comparative Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural
Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Romania
2
Department of Semiology, Ethopathology and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,
*
Keywords. lymphography, mammary gland, lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, cat.
Introduction. This study aimed to map the lymphatic drainage of the cranial thoracic
mammary gland (T1) in clinically healthy domestic cats. Its most important aspect was to
identify the sentinel lymph node that drains the T1 mammary gland, leading to a new model
of mammary tumor removal in the cat.
Materials and Methods. The study was conducted on 10 female domestic cats. The applied
methods of investigation were: radiographic indirect lymphography with contrast agent
(Optiray 350) and injecting a coloring agent (Evans blue dye) in vivo followed by subject
euthanasia and stratigraphic and regional dissection. For each cat, we have supervised
behavior and physiological parameters (pulse, breathing, temperature). The cats were kept in
individual cages, and all experiments were performed one day later after the accommodation
of each animal.
Results and Discussions: Drainage of the cranial thoracic mammary gland was found to be
exclusively cranial in all subjects. We have established that the first lymph node station can
be either the accessory axillary lymph node or the proper axillary lymph node when the
former is missing. Taking into account internodal connections, our study has also underlined
other lymph nodes involved in the drainage of the T1 mammary region.
Conclusions. The stratigraphic dissection method complements radiographic indirect
lymphography with contrast agent, by uncovering features that the latter is unable to
underline. Stratigraphic dissection can only be used as an experimental tool, but the
radiographic indirect lymphography is a very good method for clinical use.
289
ANATOMICAL PARTICULARITIES OF MALE REPRODUCTIVE
SYSTEM OF GUINEA PIGS (CAVIA PORCELLUS)
Florin STAN
Department of Comparative Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural
Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj - Napoca, Romania,
Keywords. anatomy, guinea pig, male, reproductive system
Introduction. Currently the pet area shares a great diversity by promoting many exotic
species and increasingly expanding existing ones, particularly those of small size. So, this
phenomenon may account for many people an economic interest and for others scientifically
one, especially for researchers by using them as animal models. For whatever purpose, to
perpetuate these species a decisive role it has integrity and urogenital health. For this reason
and in order to obtain more docile animals, influencing their sexual behaviour, veterinarian
interventions in order to sterilize, or other curative or preventive maneuvres is required.
Knowing in detail the morphology of genitourinary apparatus is crucial for a correct surgical
approach.
Aims. Detailed anatomical description of the components of male (boar) genitalia in guinea
pigs, their topography and connection elements.
Materials and Methods. Regional stratigraphic dissection was applied on 10 subjects.
Macroscopically the components of male genitalia were examined.
Results. Wide opening of inguinal ring was present in all subjects. Ovoid testicle shows a
well developed epididymis and a considerable amount of surrounding fat tissue. The glans
penis is well represented, being present a small penis bone within the dorsal surface of the
entire length of glans. The seminal vesicles are the most developed sexual accessory glands,
having a coiled pattern, blind ended, stretching until the abdominal cavity, whose openings
are located caudodorsal from ductus deferens openings. Prostate and coagulating glands are
located at the base of seminal vesicles in close relationship. The prostate is composed of two
lobes, dorsal and ventral lobe united by a transversal isthmus. Lobulated coagulating glands
show pyramidal pattern being located caudal to the bladder. Bulbouretral glands were small,
ovoid and lobulated. Extracorporeal testicles are arranged in a well developed scrotum
Conclusion. Both gonads and accessory sexual glands are well-developed in guinea pigs. Due
to the large amount of adipose tissue surrounding the testicles despite of wide opening of
inguinal rings it is questionable the need of surgical suture in order to prevent herniation post
surgical castration.
290
GROSS AND MICROSCOPIC ANATOMY OF THE OLFACTORY
BULBS IN THE CHINCHILLA (CHINCHILLA LANIGERA)
Irina IRIMESCU1*, Pompei F. BOLFĂ1,2, Melania I. CRIŞAN1, Cristian C.
DEZDROBITU1, Aurel DAMIAN1
1
Department of Comparative Anatomy.
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Romania.
2
Department of Biomedical Sciences.
Ross University, School of Veterinary Medicine, St. Kitts, West Indies.
*
Keywords. olfactory bulbs, Chinchilla lanigera, gross anatomy, hystology
Introduction. Chinchillas are used as laboratory animals in neurological and auditory
research.
Aims. Although they are primarily used for auditory pathways research, it is necessary to
acquire detailed neuroanatomical data on other encephalon segments, in order to assess
whether this species might also contribute as olfactory pathways experimental models. Thus
our research focused on providing a gross and microscopic description of the chinchilla’s
olfactory bulbs.
Materials and Methods. 5 chinchilla encephalon samples were harvested from commercially
slaughtered young adults. The pairs of olfactory bulb were isolated by dissection,
macroscopically examined while still attached, then detached, fixed in buffered formalin,
serially cut and stained using a modified Luxol-Cresyl protocol. Gross and microscopic
features were assessed and compared to literature descriptions of related species such as the
rat and the rabbit.
Results. Chinchillas presented large olfactory bulbs with an average maximal diameter of 3
mm each. They were positioned in two corresponding deep grooves of the cribrifom plate,
orally to the anterior limit of the cerebral hemispheres. They decreased in girth ventroaborally towards their base which was located on the ventral side of the telencephalon.
Histologically, they presented a laminar structure: an olfactory nerve layer, a glomerular
layer, an external plexiform layer, a mitral cell layer, an internal plexiform layer and a granule
cell layer.
Conclusion. The olfactory bulbs in the chinchilla present the gross anatomy and histologic
outline concurring with literature rodent descriptions, with certain particularities (such as
glomerular size and shape, from the second lamina).
291
OBSERVATIONS REGARDING THE STRUCTURE OF THE MAJOR
SALIVARY GLANDS IN CHINCHILLA
Bianca MATOSZ, Aurel DAMIAN, Vasile RUS*, Cristian MARTONOS, Adrian GAL,
Flavia RUXANDA, Viorel MICLĂUŞ
1
Keywords. chinchilla, parotid, sublingual, submaxillary.
Introduction. The structure of the salivary glands is different depending on the species and
diet. The glandular secretion can be serous, mucous or mixed. Within the same order (e.g.
rodents) there are dissimilarities between the major salivary glands, even if the diet is similar.
Aims. In the specialty literature, we did not find information regarding the major salivary
glands in chinchilla, therefore we aimed to investigate these glands microscopically.
Materials and Methods. The biological material was represented by 3 chinchillas from a
private husbandry in Bistriţa-Năsăud, slaughtered for their fur. We harvested the major
salivary glands and fixed them in 10% buffered formalin. The samples were dehydrated in
ethanol (increasing concentration), clarified in n-butanol and embedded in paraffin. We sliced
the tissue at a 5 µm thickness, stained the sections with Goldner’s trichrome method and
examined them with an Olimpus BX41 light microscope, equipped with a digital camera.
Results. The parotid gland in chinchilla is similar to the one in other mammals, regarding its
general microscopic aspect. It contains only one type of acini (serous) and numerous secretory
ducts. The acinar cells contain a spongy cytoplasm in this species. The submaxillary gland has
a particular type of acini with a narrow lumen and cells with a round nucleus. The acini do not
have serous demilunes, thus we can state that this gland does not present tyipical mixed acini.
They resemble the serous ones, but the glanular aspect of the cytoplasm suggests that the
secretion of this gland might be different in comparison to the one in the parotid gland. The
structure of the sublingual gland in chinchilla is similar to the one in most of the mammals,
containing typical mucous acini, with a foamy cytoplasm.
Conclusions. Regarding the general histoarchitecture, the major salivary glands in chinchilla,
highly resemble those in most of the mammal species. The parotid gland presents serous acini
and the sublingual one typical mucous acini. Instead, the submaxillary gland has a particular
aspect: its acini do not present the serous demilune and their general aspect resembles the one
of the serous acini, but they are larger.
292
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF NON-IONIC CONTRAST AGENTS
OPTIRAY 350 AND ULTRAVIST 370 IN MYELOGRAPHY IN DOGS
Radu LĂCĂTUȘ1, Robert Cristian PURDOIU1*, Filip ARDELEAN2, Ileana MATEI2,
Maximilian MUNTEAN3, Ionel PAPUC1
1
Department of Semiology, Radiology and Medical Imaging. University of Agricultural Sciences and
Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cluj Napoca.
2
Department of reconstructive surgery. Recovery Clinical Hospital Cluj-Napoca.
3
Deparment of Anatomy and embryology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Haţiegan”
Cluj Napoca
*
Keywords. contrast agent, dog, myelography, non-ionic, radiology
Introduction. An essential quality of non-ionic contrast agents is that of containing in their
chemical composition, elements with high atomic weight, which determine an increasing
absorption of the X-ray beam and this will cause intense radiopacity. The possibilities for
radiological exploration with non-ionic contrast agents are very wide. Currently the
radiological examination with contrast agent no longer constitutes a risky step in medical
diagnosis (1).
Aims. To highlight the importance of using the non-ionic contrast agents Optiray 350 and
Ultravist 370 in dog’s myelography and to compare the changes induced in cerebrospinal
fluid and blood biochemical constituents by the administration of those non-ionic contrast
substances.
Materials and Methods. To determine the influence of non-ionic preparations Optiray 350
and Ultravist 370 on cerebrospinal fluid and on some haematological parameters were
included in the study a total of 10 dogs.
Results. Myelographies with Optiray 350 and Ultravist 370 in dogs with severe spinal
condition negatively influence biochemical and haematological blood status, being necessary
to take preventive measures. Optiray 350 and Ultravist 370 administration cause a slight
sensitization of liver with blood biochemical parameters return to normal within 24-48 hours.
Conclusion. Non-ionic contrast agents Optiray 350 and Ultravist 370 offer a very good
opacification of the subarachnoidian space, but because it causes liver sensitization, we
recommend using them with caution and only after a prior check of liver function.
References
1. Katzberg R. (1998). The contrast media manual, William & Wilkins, Baltimore.
293
ENDOCRINE AND BEHAVIOURAL RESPONSE OF DOG IN STRESS
SITUATIONS
Ionel PAPUC, Robert Cristian PURDOIU*, Radu LĂCĂTUȘ, Natalia ȚURCANU
1
*
Keywords. dogs, observation of behavior, urinary cortisol
Introduction. Visit to the veterinary doctor for different reasons constitutes an
unpleasant/negative or perhaps stressed experience for the dog. The stress could modify the
physiological function and mask the symptom of an illness, or make the dog aggressive (1).
Aims. Comparing the endocrine and behavioral response of dogs during the visit to the
veterinary hospital and during activities in other places that are not related to stress
(workplace, park).
Materials and Methods. Six dog were taken in consideration, as indicators of stress there
were used urinary cortisol, and behavioral observations.
Results. Five of six dogs got high values of urinary cortisol after the visit to the veterinary
clinic comparing with the values obtained in working spaces/park – areas that were familiar
for dogs. Behavioral data’s have indicated a hesitating behavior at the entrance of the clinic
and also in the examination room for all dogs, but the levels of intensity range individually for
each dog. The results of the „Clinic Dog Stress Scale” classify behavior of dogs in following
categories: 1 dog had score of 1 point that means a calm, relaxed dog; 2 dogs-3 points that
means a middle level of stress, the dog is tense but cooperative; 2 dogs got 4 points-very
tense, difficult to maneuver, and one dog 5 points that means a high level of distress..
Conclusion. Studding behavior relating with stress and the endocrine response at the
veterinary visit it has importance for animal, owner and veterinary doctor. There is also a
correlation between the stress manifestation and urinary cortisol.
References
1. Jensen P. (2007). Behavioural Biology of Dogs, CAB International;
294
DOG BEHAVIOUR ASSESSMENT
Timea Andrea KOCIS, Astrid GROSZLER, Ioan ŢIBRU, Cristian LAZARESCU
Banat’s University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine Timisoara “King Michael of
Romania”, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 300645, Calea Aradului, no 119, Timisoara, Romania
Keywords. behaviour, dog, serotonin
Introduction Behaviour is the result of interaction between various neuronal and sensorial
connections, the way in which the central nervous system processes information coming from
the sensory organs defining from a biological point of view an animal’s capacity to have a
long term memory, which subsequently allows it to face environmental demands based on its
former experiences.
Aims. The current paper presents a case study carried out on three dogs selected from a larger
lot of individuals. The lot took part in a broader experiment aiming to highlight the
individual’s role in dog behaviour assessment.
Materials and Methods. From the selected individuals, one dog rarely interacted with its
owner, but every activity was perceived as positive, while another dog in a similar situation
reacted in a totally opposite way, displaying the tendency to defend its territory and attack.
The third individual was used to interact with the owner, but was permanently placed in a
submissive position.
Results. The serum serotonin was determined in the dogs’ various emotional states and was
corroborated with their posture and behaviour (404.30 ng/ml, 298.17 ng/ml, 111.73 ng/ml).
Conclusion. The way in which an individual responds to environmental stimuli determines a
certain behaviour, serotonin values varying according to these factors.
Acknowledgement. This paper was published under the frame of the European Social Fund,
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
295
RESISTANCE PHENOTYPES OF PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA
STRAINS OF HUMAN ORIGIN IN β – LACTAMASES
Oana – Alexandra CIOCAN1*, Mihai CARP – CĂRARE1, Cătălin CARP – CĂRARE1,
Andreea – Paula Cozma1, Eleonora GUGUIANU1, Cristina RÎMBU, Elena Petraru2,
Carmen - Valentina PANZARU3
1
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Iasi
"St. Mary" Emergency Hospital for Children "St. Mary", Iasi
3
Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi
2
Keywords. Ps. aeruginosa, β – lactamase, Vitek – 2
Introduction. The use of β – lactam antibiotics is of utmost importance in medical practice.
The natural resistance of Ps. aeruginosa strains to β-lactamases is important for clinical
reasons, however, acquired resistance is very common (E. Pilly 2006). Acquired resistance
comprises either enzymatic mechanisms or non-enzymatic ones (Strateva T. 2009)
Aims. identifying β-lactam profiles of resistance to Ps. aeruginosa strains and the last
objective of this study is to evaluate the reliability and accuracy of the VITEK-2 Compact
(Biome´rieux) automated identification and susceptibility testing system.
Materials and Methods. the batch studied included 793 multi-resistant strains of Ps.
aeruginosa, which were isolated from the Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases in Iași during
2013 – 2014, the isolates being taken from sputa, urine, pus and blood. Those isolates have
passed susceptibility test that resistant to one or more antibiotic from third generation
cephalosporin and/or resistant to aztreonam and/or intermediate or resistant to one or more
antibiotic from carbapenem class.
Results. The results were interpreted with the help of the Vitek2 system, 61 beta-lactam
resistance profiles being defined. Sputum is the primary source of isolates with almost 60%,
the rest are from other sources i.e. urine, pus, blood, etc.
Conclusion. As a result of the investigations we carried out, out of the total of 793 strains
isolated and identified as multi-resistant Ps. aeruginosa, 61 strains were confirmed as having
beta-lactam resistance profile. The result of this study confirmed that anyone could be
infected by β- lactams resistance profile regardless their age, gender, and clinical
manifestation.
References
1. E. Pilly – Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales (20e edition, 2006) – Chapter 3 – Betalactamines
2. Strateva Tanya and Yordanov Daniel. 2009. Pseudomonas aeruginosa – a phenomenon
of bacterial resistance. Journal of Medical Microbiology 58: 1133–1148.
296
STUDY ON BACTERIAL FLORA ISOLATED FROM BIRDS OF PREY
OF THE SPECIES ASIO OTUS AND STRIX ALUCO
Nicodim Iosif FIŢ*, Cosmin MUREȘAN, Flore CHIRILĂ, Adriana CRISTE and
George NADĂŞ
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Faculty of Veterinary
Medicine, 3-5 Mănăştur Street, 400372, Romania
Keywords. antibiotic resistance, bacterial flora of cloaca, oral cavity, Asio Otus, Strix aluco
Introduction. Birds of prey such as long-eared owl (Asio otus) and little owl (Strix aluco) is
a special category because of their direct contact with many species of wild rodents
representing a vector for transmission of microbial agents in some territories.
Aims. The study describes the types of bacteria isolated from long-eared owl and little owl
and the sensitivity of these strains to antibiotics.
Materials and Methods. The biological material was represented by Asio otus and Strix
aluco adults representing casuistry from Clinical Hospital of the Faculty of Veterinary
Medicine Cluj-Napoca during the period December 2014-April 2015. Sampling was
performed from the cloaca, oral, axillary region and skin wounds. The identification of
bacteria was carried out by bacteriological examinations using phenotypic techniques and
thereafter isolates were tested regarding antibiotic susceptibility by disc diffusion method.
Results. Tests showed an increased amount of bacterial species in the mouth and cloaca. On
the skin only a smaller number of bacteria types was isolated, while from skin wounds
bacterial species number was the lowest. We observed that in most cases the type of bacteria
in the oral cavity and cloaca is the same, predominantly bacteria of the genus Escherichia,
Pseudomonas, Enterococcus and Bacillus. The sensitivity tests demonstrated that most tested
strains were susceptible to Enrofloxacin, and Tetracycline, except for Enterococcus strains,
susceptible to Floron and Lincospectin. The antibiotic that resulted in the lowest susceptibility
was Amoxicillin.
Conclusion. This study lead to the isolation of major and conditioning pathogenic bacteria
species predominantly from mucous membranes in Strix aluco and Asio otus. It was also
observed a high sensitivity of the isolated bacteria strains to antibiotics currently used in
birds.
297
THE EFFECT OF IODINE BASED PRODUCTS ON UNICELLULAR
ALGAE FROM GENUS PROTOTHECA
Sorin RĂPUNTEAN*, Gheorghe RĂPUNTEAN, Flore CHIRILǍ,
Nicodim Iosif FIŢ, George Cosmin NADǍŞ
Keywords. unicellular algae, Prototheca, iodine based products.
Introduction. Iodine based products have been and are still used in medicine as disinfectant
or antiseptic substances, because of their bactericidal, sporicidal, protocidal and disinfection
effect. Algaecide effect has been less studied and represents a strong motivation for this study.
Aims. This paper is aiming to test the sensitivity to iodine based products of unicellular algae
of the genus Prototheca. Such products might be used for the treatment of diseases involving
these pathogens.
Materials and Methods. A total number of twenty-two Prototheca zopfii strains isolated
from cows with mastitis or environment sources were tested within this study. The algal
strains were identified based on morphological characteristics (shape, size, presence of
endospores), cultural (liquid and solid media characteristics) and biochemical (fermentation
of sugars). Prototheca wickerhamii ATCC 16529 reference strain was also included in the
evaluation. Iodinated products used were represented by: Lugol solution, iodine tincture,
betadine, videne and potassium iodide. We tested the inhibitory effect by agar gel diffusion
method to all five iodine based products, and contact inhibitor effect at different times (5, 10,
15, 30 and 60 minutes) for betadine and iodine tincture.
Results. The diffusion method revealed that inhibition areas of varying sizes were correlated
with the concentration of iodine products. For the 22 Prototheca zopfii tested strains, the size
of inhibition areas was within the following values: iodine tincture 20-30 mm (mean 25.71),
betadine 16 to 30 mm (mean 26.4), videne 16 to 30 mm (mean 25.61), Lugol's solution 10 to
14 mm (11.33) and potassium iodide 10 to 24 mm (11.14). For Prototheca wickerhamii strain
inhibition areas had the following values: 24 mm for iodine tincture, betadine 26 mm, videne
24 mm, Lugol's solution 10 mm, potassium iodine 14 mm. In case of different contact times
ment to esteblish the algaecide effect - occurred after 5 minutes of contact, for both iodine
tincture and betadine.
Conclusion. Iodine based products tested showed inhibitory effect on algal strains. The best
efficacy was found for betadine and iodine tincture (commercial products). The inhibitory
effect occurs after 5 minutes of contact. There was no resistance phenomenon in any
Prototheca strain.
298
STUDIES REGARDING THE BACTERIAL SKIN CARRIAGE
OF IXODIDAE TICKS
Flore CHIRILǍ*, Nicodim FIŢ, George Cosmin NADǍŞ, Sorin RĂPUNTEAN,
Cosmina BOUARI, Octavian NEGREA, Cristian MAGDAȘ, Zamfir MARCHIȘ
Keywords. skin carriage, bacteria, ixodidae ticks.
Introduction. Ticks are parasitic arthropods, mandatory haematophagous, which shows a
particular epidemiological significance both in terms of both human and veterinary medicine.
Worldwide increasing incidence of diseases transmitted by these vectors (Walker 1998;
Telford and Goethert, 2004) determined us to study bacteria skin carriage in ticks collected
from sheep.
Materials and Methods. For the isolation of bacteria present on the tick’s skin, each
individual tick was washed in a tube with sterile broth and then incubated for 24 hours at 37°
C. Smears were performed from the obtained cultures, then stained using Gram method and
streaking onto blood agar were also performed. Identification of genera and species of
bacteria isolated was based on morphological, cultural and biochemical characters on galleries
using API STAPH for genus Staphylococcus.
Results. Bacteriological examination isolated in pure culture bacterial strains of
Staphylococcus spp. in 40% of the examined ticks; association between Staphylococcus,
Bacillus and Arcanobacterium in 30%, association between Staphylococcus and Bacillus
cereus in 20%, association between Staphylococcus and Arcanobacterium in 10 %. The study
of the morphological, cultural and biochemical properties with API STAPH gallery allowed
the identification of the carriage status with the following species: Staphylococcus
chromogenes, S. lentussi, S.warneri. Arcanobacterium strains belonged to the species A.
pyogenes.
Conclusion. Some of the identified species may be involved in mastitis etiology in lactating
females and other purulent infections.
299
ASSESSMENT OF THE ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECT OF NONTHERMAL PLASMA ACTIVATED WATER AGAINST COAGULASEPOSITIVE STAPHYLOCOCCI
Irina LIPOVAN1, Andra Cristina BOSTĂNARU1, Valentin NĂSTASĂ1,
Eugen HNATIUC2, Vasile VULPE1and Mihai MAREȘ1
1
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “Ion
Ionescu de la Brad”, Iasi - Romania
2
Technical University Gh. Asachi, Iasi-Romania
* Corresponding author email: [email protected]
Keywords. dermatology, disinfection, non-thermal plasma activated water, Staphylococcus
Introduction. Coagulase-positive staphylococci, the main etiologic agents of pyodermatitis,
have a well-known ability to develop multi antibiotic resistance mechanisms. Non-thermal
plasma activated water (PAW) is a new generation of so-called "non-conventional"
disinfectants/decontaminants, highly efficient against the microorganisms of medical interest.
Aims. Since the plasma discharge in water gives it specific physical and chemical properties,
including bactericidal activity, the purpose of our paper was to evaluate the degree of
reduction of the microbial burden after the exposure to PAW of coagulase-positive
staphylococci suspensions.
Materials and Methods. Evaluation of the antimicrobial effect was performed on 38 strains
of coagulase-positive staphylococci isolated from skin lesions in humans and pets. In order to
obtain PAW, a GlidArc reactor was used. A defined volume of staphylococcal suspension (10
ml) with 3 McFarland density (approx. 109 CFU/ml) was mixed with 90 ml PAW and after
various contact times (3, 5, 7 and 10 minutes) known volumes of the mixture (0.1 and 1.0 ml)
were transferred to Baird-Parker Agar plates in order to determine the number of CFU/ml. In
parallel, the initial burden was determined by serial dilution method. The reduction of the
bacterial burden was calculated as the log [(CFU/ml before treatment)/(CFU/ ml after
treatment)].
Results. After 3-minute contact with PAW, the average burden reduction was 5.00 log10.
After 10 minutes of treatment, the initial burden was reduced with an average of 7.61
logarithmic units.
Conclusion. PAW proved to be a powerful anti-staphylococcal agent and further in vivo
studies are warranted to demonstrate its therapeutic benefits in different clinical
dermatological conditions.
References
1. G. Kamgang-Youbi, J-M.Herry, T. Meyheuc, J-L. Brisset, M-N. Bellon-Fontaine, A.
Doubla, M. Naitali, Microbial inactivation using plasma-activated water obtained by
gliding electric discharges, Letters in Applied Microbiology, 2009
2. M. Ursache, V. Năstasă, R. Moraru, M. Mareş, Comparative assessment of the relation
between energy consumption and bacterial burden reduction using plasma activated
water, International Conference on Optimization of Electrical and Electronic
Equipment, pp.1036-1041, 2014;
3. R. Weller, R.J. Price, A.D. Ormerod, N. Benjamin, C. Leifert, Microbial effect of
acidified nitrite on dermatophyte fungi, Candida and bacterial skin pathogens, J Appl
Microbiol 90, 648-652, 2001
300
THE PREVALENCE OF ESBL-PRODUCING STRAINS OF E. COLI
AND K. PNEUMONIAE, ISOLATED FROM PETS TREATED WITH
ANTIBIOTICS – PRELIMINARY REMARKS
Andreea COZMA*, Mihai CARP – CĂRARE, Cătălin CARP – CĂRARE,
Daniela POREA, Eleonora GUGUIANU, Cristina RÎMBU, Mihai MAREȘ
Departament of Public Health,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Iasi
*Corresponding author, e-mail [email protected]
Keywords. E. coli, K. pneumoniae, ESBL
Introduction. The prevalence of the strains of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)producing Enterobacteriaceae is continuously increasing at the global level. The appearance
of ESBL enzymes represents a danger for the efficacy of treatments with beta-lactam
antibiotics (Măciucă I., 2015)
Aims. The aim of the study resided in assessing the prevalence of ESBL-positive strains of E.
coli and K. pneumoniae in pets that were treated with antibiotics (Enrofloxacin,
Ciprofloxacin, Cefadroxil) for various bacterial infectious diseases.
Materials and Methods. In February 2015, 29 faeces samples were collected at the rectal
level from dogs and cats. The samples were collected with the help of sterile buffers. For the
screening of the strains of (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae, the Oxoid Brilliance
chromogenic ESBL Agar medium was used, a specific medium for the isolation of (ESBL)producing Enterobacteriaceae because it contains cefpodoxim, a second-generation
cephalosporin to which all the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing strains
are resistant. The phenotypic confirmation of the isolated ESBL strains was achieved by using
the combined disc method (CLSI 2014). The taxonomic classification of the strains that were
isolated was achieved by testing some minimal biochemical characteristics with the help of
the MIU, TSI, EMBA, TBX tests. The E. coli ATCC 25922 and K.pneumoniae ATCC
700603 strains were used as a reference for quality control for the antibiotic sensitivity test.
Results. The results have been interpreted according to the CLSI 2014 standard.
Conclusion. As a result of sample processing, we noticed a prevalence of 62.06% in the
individuals who were carriers of E. coli and K. Pneumoniae ESBL-positive strains.
References
1. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)., 2014, Performance Standards for
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
2. Măciucă I., Williams N., Tchiluș C., Dorneanu O., Guguianu E., Carp Cărare C.,
Rîmbu C., Timofte D., 2015, High Prevalence of Escherichia coli-Producing CTX-M15 Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases in Poultry and Human Clinical Isolates in
Romania, Microbial Drug Resistance.
301
DETERMINING THE CALCIUM AND MAGNESIUM CONTENT
GIVEN BY A NATURAL BRINE IN SOME DAIRY PRODUCTS
Rodica SOMEȘAN, Ildikó BARABÁSI, Laurenț OGNEAN*
Department of Physiology, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine
Manastur street, no. 3-5, 400037, Cluj-Napoca, România
Keywords. brine, calcium, cheese, ICP, magnesium
Introduction. Essential minerals are present in every type of milk and dairy product, their
content being influenced by the production process, therefore, to obtain nutritionally,
biologically and sensorial superior dairy products, close attention needs to be paid to the
monitoring and coordination of the biochemical and technological process.
Aims. We propose to determine and quantify the calcium and magnesium addition given by
natural brine used in the processing of two dairy products.
Materials and Methods. Research has been made on brine samples (natural and
conventional) and commercially processed dairy (telemea and cheese). We determined the
calcium and magnesium content of the studied milk with two comparative methods (Perkin
Elmer ICP device and complexometeric method). We also investigated the preferences of two
consumer samples though tastings, for salted/unsalted cheese and cheese salted with
natural/conventional brine. Statistical analysis of the obtained data was conducted with
GraphPad InStat 3 and Fisher test.
Results. Data analysis revealed that calcium content is significantly higher in cheese
(p=0.008) and natural brine (p=0.009) as well as magnesium content in telemea (p=0.10).
Results also indicated that, natural brine has had a greater calcium (188 mg/100g) and
magnesium (14.2 mg/100g) addition for telemea. In consumer preferences, results have
shown a predominance for salted cheese (90.3%), followed by cheese prepeared in natural
brine (69.2%).
Conclusion. Natural, mineral rich brine resulted to be mostly relevant, that with a lower
processing price, can increase the biological and sensory qualities of dairy products.
302
EFFECTS OF PROBIOTICS, PREBIOTICS AND SIMBIOTICS ON
SOME HEMATOLOGICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL
PARAMETERS IN LABORATORY MICE
Cristina ŞTEFĂNUȚ*, Laura MITREA and Laurenţiu OGNEAN
Department of Animal Physiology. University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine
Keywords. probiotics, prebiotics, symbiotics, hematology, mice
Introduction. Probiotics are live microorganisms which, when administered in adequate
amounts, confer a health benefit on the host (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United
Nations, 2001). The mechanisms of action of probiotic strains are still not fully understood
(Gardlik et al., 2012). The prebiotics are the substances which produce the selective
stimulation of growth and/or activity of one or a limited number of microbial genus/species of
the intestinal microorganisms that confer(s) health benefits to the host (Donohue, 2006).
Aims. The study aims was to visualize the effect of dietary supplements (probiotics,
prebiotics, symbiotics) on clinically healthy animals and comparative analysis of
hematological and microbiological parameters.
Materials and Methods. Were administered daily in four groups of five male mice (about3-4
months), probiotics - group 1 (Eubiotic 1gram/kgcorp), prebiotic – group 2 (Lactulose 0.66
gram/kg body weight), symbiotic - group 3(combination of Eubiotic and Lactulose) and
distillated water - group 4 (control group). Before administration and 14 days after
administration microbiological samples were taken from the rectum, hematological analyzes
were performed (total number of erythrocytes, leukocytes, differential blood count and blood
glucose level); blood was collected from the retrobulbar sinus under anesthesia with
chloroform.
Results. The total number of red blood cells was 3.15 and 6.3 T/L and the WBC 3.05 and
8.25 G/L respectively. Administration of the probiotic determined stimulation of the immune
system by increasing the total number of white blood cell, increasing of the number of
intestinal bacterial species and decreasing of TPC. The prebiotic produced not significant
changes of the parameters analyzed. In the case of the symbiotic the change was due to the
probiotic dose, post-treatment differences are similar to those in group 1 (treated with
probiotic) but not so intense.
Conclusion. In the present research work, we observed that administration of pro- and
prebiotics has not negatively influenced the health of animals. The probiotic produced the
most significant growth rate, achieved with a superior feed conversion rate
References
1. Gardlik, R., Palffy, R., Celec, P. (2012). Recombinant probiotic therapy in
experimental colitis in mice. Folia biol. (Praha), 58(6):238-45.
2. Donohue Diana C. (2006). Safety of probiotics. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2006;15 (4): 563569
303
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY IN FRESH
AND PASTEURIZED GOAT MILK
Sanda ANDREI1*, Andrea BUNEA1, Adela PINTEA1, Sorana MATEI 1, Ana Maria
COZMA2
1
Department of Biochemistry, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine ClujNapoca,
2
Department of Environmental Chemistry and Hygiene, «Iuliu Hatieganu» University of Medicine and
Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
*
Keywords. milk, goat, antioxidants, caseins, lipid peroxidation
Introduction. Because milk is highly perishable, it is subjected to physical or chemical
conservation, like pasteurization. Changes in the physical-chemical properties of the milk,
which occur after heating are dependent on the temperature employed, the duration of heating
and the manner in which it is apply. The enzymatic activity of milk decreases after different
heat treatments, as a result of two effects: the thermal degradation of the antioxidants and the
formation of new species of oxygen after the heating of the milk.
Aims. The purpose of this study was to determine how the thermal processing of goat milk,
influence its composition in various nutrients in fresh samples and milk after pasteurization.
The changes that occur in the profile of antioxidant vitamins, the activity of antioxidant
enzymes; caseins concentration and the concentration of malonildialdehyde (MDA, marker of
lipids peroxidation) were followed.
Materials and Methods. Measurements were conducted on 6 samples of fresh goat milk
collected during two weeks. An aliquot of each sample was subjected to pasteurisation. Half
of all samples were subjected to freeze-drying with a freeze dryer Ilshin Floor Model Freeze
Dryers Laboratory (USA). Parameters analyzed for each lyophilized sample were vitamin A
and vitamin E (HPLC methods). Parameters determined in fresh and pasteurized milk sample
were: lactoperoxidase activity (kinetic method with ABTS); glutathione peroxidase activity
(Ransel kit); vitamin C; caseins; MDA (TBA photometric method).
Results. The pasteurized milk was observed a decrease in the activity of antioxidant enzymes
and in the concentration of retinol and tocopherol in milk. Thus, the retinol concentration in
fresh milk was 15.75 whereas after the pasteurization value decreased to 8.90 µg/100 ml milk.
Vitamin E decreases from 62.40 to 46.29 µg/100ml. Also, the content of vitamin C decreased
in the pasteurized milk. There is a direct relationship between thermal milk processing
methods, decreased of the concentration of antioxidants and increasing the lipid peroxidation
in milk. In our study MDA increased from 14.90 to 21.26 nmol/ml. Increasing the
temperature causes a dissociation of caseins micelles.
Conclusion. Goat milk pasteurization causes a decrease in the concentration of antioxidant
vitamins and antioxydant enzymes activities, correlated with a significant increase in the
concentration of malonildyaldehide. In the pasteurized milk were highlighted changes in the
profile of caseins.
304
MEDICINAL PLANTS USED FOR TEA MYCOTOXIC AND MYCOTOXICOLOGICAL POTENTIAL
Sorana MATEI, Andrei SZAKACS, Adrian MACRI*
Department of Animal Nutrition, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine ClujNapoca, Romania
*
Keywords. fungi, fumonisins, herbs, total aflatoxins, teas
Introduction. Mycotoxins are food contaminants with significant impact on the food industry
and consumer health (Zinedine and Mañes J., 2009). Fumonisins and aflatoxins are important
groups of mycotoxins, which represent secondary metabolites produced by fungi of the
genera Fusarium and Aspergillus respectively (Zain M., 2011).
Aims. The purpose of this study was that of assessing the mycotoxin contamination level of
various types of teas produced by the food-processing industry and by the pharmaceutical
one: the level of total aflatoxin and total fumonisine.
Materials and Methods. The study was conducted on a total of 10 samples of herbal teas
sold in stores. The content of aflatoxin and fumonisin was measured. For mycotoxicological
examination RIDASCREEN®FAST Aflatoxin and RIDASCREEN®FAST Fumonisin tests
were utilised, competitive enzyme immunoassay analysis for the quantitative determination of
total aflatoxins and fumonisin in cereals and food, respectively.
Results. None of the samples of teas displayed alterations on organoleptic examination. In
terms of total aflatoxins, a number of 7 samples (70 %)exceeded the maximum level for total
aflatoxins recommended by the EU legislation (10 ppb); three exceeded even the 100 ppb
value with a maximum of 437.17 ppb and an average of 109.21 ppb. Fumonisin levels were
within normal values (< 1 ppb), none of the samples exceeding maximum amounts regulated
by EU Legislation, except Hypericum perforatum tea which reached the value of 21.93 ppm.
Conclusion. Our research work revealed a massive contamination of samples with total
aflatoxins, mainly with the import samples of green and black tea; the high values are
presumed due to shipping conditions, temperature and high humidity levels.
References
1. Zain Mohamed E. (2011). Impact of mycotoxins on humans and animals, Journal of
Saudi Chemical Society, Volume 15, Issue 2, Pages 129–144.
2. Zinedine Abdellah, Jordi Mañes ( 2009). Occurrence and legislation of mycotoxins in
food and feed from Morocco, Food Control, Volume 20, Issue 4, Pages 334–34.
305
HEMATOLOGICAL PROFILE IN MICE TREATED WITH
INCREASING DOSES OF PYRANTEL AND PRAZIQUANTEL
Alexandra ARION1, Ferenc NAGY2, Iulia BALACI1, Ildikó BARABÁSI1, Andreea
OPINCARIU, Andrei-Nicolae MOLDOVAN and Laurenț OGNEAN1
1
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, ClujNapoca;
2
VIM Spectrum, Tg. Mureș
*
Keywords. mice, hematology, pyrantel, praziquantel
Introduction. Both pyrantel and praziquantel have a high therapeutic index, without reported
toxic effects at higher doses (Grayson et al., 2010), although studies on this matter are scarce.
Aims. The purpose of this research was to investigate the influence of an antihelmintic
product containing pyrantel and praziquantel over the hematological profile of mice.
Materials and Methods. A total of 15 mice from the CD1 line were used, weighting 20-25 g.
The experimental doses were calculated based on the dosage recommended for mice
(Carpenter, 2012). They were divided in three experimental groups: control group (Cuntreated), the group treated with the therapeutic dosage for four consecutive days (G1) and
the group treated with a dosage 10 times higher than the normal dosage (G2). The mice were
sacrificed by means of spinalization, the blood being collected directly from the heart. A
volume of 0.5-1.2 ml of blood was collected from each mouse.
Results. Important increases were noted in the G2 group compared with the control group and
less significant for the G1 group. Of relevance was the increase in the hemoglobin levels from
the G2 group at 9.28±1.69 g/dl.
The leukocyte population had a tendency for neutrophilia for groups G1 and G2; also, the
total number of lymphocytes and monocytes from the treated groups were lower compared
with the control group.
Conclusions. The administration of a product containing pyrantel and praziquantel
determined important increases in the erythrocyte and leukocyte parameters. Administering
an overdose of antihelminitc products, in mice determines changes in the hematological
parameters.
References
1. Grayson M., Crowe S., McCarthy J., Mills J., Mouton W., Norrby R. and Pfaller M.
(2010). Kucers' The Use of Antibiotics Sixth Edition: A Clinical Review of
Antibacterial, Antifungal and Antiviral Drugs. CRC Press, pp: 2279-2280;
2. Carpenter J. W. (2012). Exotic animal formulary. Elsevier Health Sciences.
Acknowledgement. This paper was published under the frame of European Social
Fund, HumanResources Development Operational Programme 2007-2013, project no.
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/136893.
306
THE IMPACT OF PRE AND PROBIOTIC ON GROWING
PERFORMACE IN ROSS 708 BROILER CHICKENS
Andrei Radu SZAKACS*, Sorana MATEI, Laura ȘTEFĂNUȚ, Reka SIMCSAK and
Adrian MACRI
1
Department of Animal Nutrition, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine ClujNapoca, Romania.
*
Corresponding author, e-mai: [email protected]
Keywords. Broiler, Prebiotics, Probiotics, Ross 708.
Introduction. The stress caused by different factors including overpopulation, vaccinations,
environmental conditions may weaken the resistance of animals to different pathogens.
Antibiotics are largely used to prevent or treat pathological conditions in bird flocks but with
certain secondary effects such as the appearance of drug resistant bacteria in humans.
Therefor the study of alternative ways of prevention for animal disease by use of pro and
prebiotics has gain momentum (Awad et al, 2008).
Aims. The present study investigates the effects of dietary supplementation with prebiotics
and probiotics in broiler growth performance and the feed conversion ratio.
Materials and Methods. The research was conducted on “ROSS 708” broiler in a farm from
Oradea County, Romania. Day old broiler chicks were divided into 4 groups: probiotic fed
group, prebiotic fed group, pro and prebiotic fed group and control group. Control group was
fed a broiler chicken commercial ratio. The probiotic group was fed with a same commercial
ratio with BetaPro300® (Biochem) a probiotic containing Bacillus subtilis DSM 17299 in a
dose of 8x108 UFC/kg. The prebiotic added for the third group contained an extract derived
from cell walls of the baker yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (TechnoMos® - Biochem) with a
dose of 0,5- 1,0 kg/t. 700 g prebiotics were added in 1 tone and 300 g probiotics were added
to each tone of of commercial ratio. Weight of 50 birds was measured daily.
Results. The body weight, average total weight gain and feed conversion rate were
significantly increased by the dietary inclusion of the both pre and probiotic (2081g total body
weight, 1,49 kg feed/kg weight gain) compared with the control (1875,8g, 1,71 kg feed/kg
weight gain).
The pre and probiotics have a beneficial effect in the health and productivity of broiler
chickens especially when used together as symbiotic. In compartments treated with symbiotic
and probiotic in all the samples taken the presence of Bacillus spp. was detected.
Hematological parameters varied in physiological limits of species. In probiotic -treated
chickens, hematocrit, erythrocyte and leukocyte numbers were higher compared with the
other groups.
Conclusion. These products show promising effects as an alternative for antibiotics in order
to eliminate the use of these drugs as growth-promoting additives.
References
1. Awad W. A, Ghareeb, K., Abdel-Raheem S. and Böhm J. (2008). Effects of dietary
inclusion of probiotic and synbiotic on growth performance, organ weights, and
intestinal histomorphology of broiler chickens. Oxford JournalsScience &
Mathematics. Poultry Science Volume 88, Issue 1, pp. 49-56
307
EVALUATION OF ISOFLURANE AND SEVOFLURANE INFLUENCE
ON LIVER
Flavia RUXANDA1, Viorel MICLĂUŞ1*, Vasile RUS1, Adrian GAL1, Cristian RAŢIU2
and Liviu OANA1
1
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
2
University of Oradea, Romania.
*
Keywords. alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminostransferase, isoflurane, sevoflurane.
Introduction. The specialty literature abounds in information on the effect of inhaled
anesthetics on transaminases values, but the data are uneven and sometimes conflicting.
Aims. In this context, we considered opportune to investigate the effect of inhaled anesthetics
on transaminases values and thus, on the liver.
Materials and Methods. In the present study we utilized 40 Wistar rats, divided into 8
groups (n=5): 2 control groups (IsoM and SevoM) that were not anesthetized, 3 groups (Iso1,
Iso2 and Iso3) anesthetized with isoflurane and 3 with sevoflurane (Sevo1, Sevo2 and Sevo3).
The animals were anesthetized 3 times, with a 2 day interval between anesthesias and the
exposure lasted for 2 hours long, each time. We harvested blood samples immediately after
anesthesia (IsoM, SevoM, Iso1 and Sevo1), 6 hours (Iso2, Sevo2) and 24 hours (Iso3, Sevo3)
post-anesthesia. We determined the seric values of ASAT and ALAT, and the results were
statistically processed using Student’s t test.
Results. The two anesthetics taken into study did not modify the values of aspartate
aminotransferase (ASAT), the enzyme values ranged between normal limits. After isoflurane
and sevoflurane anesthesia, the values of alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) slightly exceeded
the upper limit of the normal values for this species. The statistical analysis showed that the
anesthetics did not modify ASAT values significantly, and isoflurane did not significantly
modify the values of ALAT either. On the other hand, after sevoflurane anesthesia, ALAT
values increased highly significant 6 hours post-anesthesia and significant 24 hours postanesthesia.
Conclusion. The values of the enzymes ranged between normal limits or were slightly
increased over the upper limit, which implies the fact that at the dose and duration of
anesthesia in our study, none of the anesthetics induce liver distress.
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/136893
308
SIMULATION AND MEASUREMENT OF AIR MOVEMENT INSIDE A
STANDARD VETERINARY OPERATING ROOM PRODUCED BY A
DOUBLE-EQUAL STRENGTH DIFFUSER
Florin DOMNITA1*, Marius FETEA1 and Peter KAPALO2
1
Department of Building Services Engineering, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
2
Institute of Architectural Engineering, Technical University of Kosice, Slovakia.
*
Keywords. air, diffuser, movement, strength, velocity.
Introduction. The main purpose of air diffusers is to achieve ventilation effect by obtaining a
proper distribution of the introduced air jet. Even more in the case of veterinary operating
rooms, it is necessary to use air diffusers that allow the introduction of large volumes of air
without exceeding admissible indoor air velocities in the occupied zone.
Aims. The ventilation system proposed in this paper generates a hybrid air flow (laminar flow
in the area of the operating table and turbulent flow in the rest of the room), very attractive in
terms of investment and operating costs.
Materials and Methods. The paper presents a device with double-equal strength diffuser for
introducing conditioned air inside a standard veterinary operating. There are presented the
measurements that were performed in laboratory in order to establish the air velocity field
generated by the diffuser. It is also shown the computational air movement simulation inside a
standard cleanroom produced by this device in two simulation conditions (2 models of a
veterinary operating room).
Results. The diffuser allows the distribution of large quantities of blow-in air with low
velocities, recommended for using in locations with a high required air exchange. The
simulation provides an overview of velocity and pressure fields generated by the double-equal
strength diffuser for spatial distribution of air, within two site-models of veterinary operating
room. Simulation results are displayed graphically by presenting the distribution of air
velocity vectors in different planes of intersection with the considered site-model
configuration.
Conclusion. Analyzing the results of simulations performed on the two models, together with
the measurements made in the laboratory on the double exponential profile diffuser, it can be
concluded that the device provides good solutions in terms of air flow inside the operating
room. In this way, is obtained a hybrid airflow cleanroom, recommended in recent years in
scientific literature to use in veterinary operating rooms.
309
WILD BOAR HEPATITIS E SEROPREVALENCE IN HUNTING FUNDS
FROM BUZĂU AND GALAȚI COUNTY
Daniela POREA1, Adriana ANITA1, Anca PASLARU1 and Gheorghe SAVUTA1
1
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Iasi, Romania
Keywords. ELISA, hepatitis E, wild boar
Introduction. Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the causal agent of the hepatitis E transmitted
primarily via the faecal-oral route. The disease is an emerging zoonosis distributed
worldwide. Recent advances have shown that HEV strains circulating in domestic and wild
pigs are genetically related to strains identified in autochthonous human cases. HEV is
classified in the family Hepeviridae. HEV strains isolates from human and swine have been
classified into the Orthohepevirus genus Orthohepevirus A species.
Aims. In order to assess the distribution of HEV in wild boar population from Galați and
Buzău County, serum samples were tested for the presence of HEV antibodies. This study
represents a preliminary stage in highlighting virus circulation in different hunting funds,
followed by its identification and molecular characterization.
Materials and Methods. Serum samples from 68 wild boars were collected during the
hunting season, between December 2014 and February 2015, in 33 hunting funds from two
Romanian Counties: Galați and Buzău. For serological analysis all samples were tested using
a commercially available HEV antibody assay: ID Screen® Hepatitis E Indirect Multi-species
ELISA kit (IDVet Diagnostics, France).
Results. HEV antibodies have been detected in 7 out of 68 serums, representing an overall
prevalence of 10.29%. Seropositive animals were identified in both counties, respectively 3
out of 30 (10%) for Buzău County and 4 out of 38 (10.52%) in Galați County. As with other
diseases of wild animals, the density of wild boar may have an important role in the
epidemiology of HEV. The prevalence rates determined in this study are comparable to those
detected in other European Countries.
Conclusion. Our results provide premises to investigate the hepatitis E virus presence in
Romanian wild boar as well as in other wild animals, which are considered as potential HEV
reservoirs. These results, together with the fact that the wild boar appeared to be clinically
healthy, sustain the hypothesis that HEV infection may commonly be subclinical in wild boar.
It is therefore important to further clarify the role wild boar may have as a reservoir for
autochthonous human hepatitis E infections.
310
WEST NILE VIRUS SEROSURVEILLANCE IN WILD BOARS FROM
THE EAST OF ROMANIA
Anca PÂSLARU, Daniela POREA, Gheorghe SAVUȚA and Luanda OȘLOBANU
1
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Iași,
Romania
*
Keywords. seroconversion, West Nile Virus, wild boars
Introduction. West Nile Virus (WNV) is maintained in nature in an enzootic transmission
cycle between birds and mosquitoes, but it also infects many other vertebrates, including
humans and horses, in which it can induce severe neurological diseases. Seroconversion
studies proved that there are many species susceptible to WNV infection both domestic and
wild. The presence of antibodies in other species can be a proof of virus activity in certain
areas.
Aims. Taking into account that no studies had been previously made in wild boars in our
country, our aim was to assess the seroprevalence of the specific anti WNV IgG antibodies in
samples collected from two counties in the South East of Romania.
Materials and Methods. To assess WNV circulation among wild boars, 68 samples collected
from two counties in the South East of Romania (Buzău and Galați) were tested. The
collection sites were placed in 33 hunting funds: 15 from Buzău County (30 samples) and 18
from Galați County (38 samples). The presence of antibodies to WNV was investigated by a
competitive ELISA kit for the detection of anti-pr-E antibodies in multiple species (ID
Screen® West Nile Competition Multi-species).
Results. ELISA-reactive sera were identified in 43 samples from the total tested, meaning a
63.24% seroprevalence. Of these, 16 samples were from Buzău County (53.33%
seroprevalence) and 27 from Galați County (71.05% seroprevalence). The positive sera from
Buzău County were distributed in 10 hunting funds from 15 tested and in Galați County in 16
from 19 tested which underline the wide distribution of WNV in those areas.
Conclusion. In brief our results prove the circulation of West Nile virus in wild boars in two
counties from the East of Romania and point to further studies which are needed to confirm it.
Previous studies had revealed the high seroprevalence of WNV in horses and domestic birds
from the studied areas and moreover WNV neurological infection was diagnosed in humans
from Galați County. This is the first attempt to assess the seroconversion in wild boars and
due to the high percent of seroprevalence found we can assume that the infection is
maintained in those areas in a sylvatic enzootic transmission circle.
311
RELEVANCE AND LIMITATIONS OF THE IMAGING DIAGNOSIS IN
NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS IN DOG
Nicolae COLDEA and Ionel PAPUC
Department III Paraclinics. USAMV Cluj Napoca, Romania
*
Keywords. neurology, imaging diagnosis, VITAMIND.
Introduction. Neurological disorders in dog became increasingly diagnosed with the
development of the imaging technology. On the other hand, we are facing disorders of the
nervous system with different etiologies, a certain part of them without any changes
detectable by advanced imaging techniques.
Aims. The aim of this paper is to present examples from both sides. If the two groups can be
separated during the clinical evaluation it is possible to have a more rapid diagnosis and a
shorter time to aply the treatment, and to reduce radiation (X-ray and CT) and unnecessary
costs.
Materials and Methods. Dogs from different breeds, of different ages and sex were
examined. For all of the pacients a neurological examination was performed, following the
tipical clinical procedures. If the owner agreed, basic blood biochemistry and hematology was
performed. In order to differentiate neurological problems from other ones ones, we had to
ask ourselves a few questions: do the clinical symptoms lead to a nervous system lesion?
Where is the lesion located? What disease can explain the clinical signs? Is it a severe
problem? (1) In order to answer these questions hands-off and hands-on examination were
carried out each of them by specific tests. The VITAMIND protocol was mandatory for each
and every dog. According to the results, the dogs were examined by imaging techniques or by
other tests (e.g. for endocrynopathies) in order to establish the final diagnosis. Following this
step the dogs were applied the appropriate treatment.
Results. All the diagnoses of the dogs examined by the authors were confirmed by imaging
and/or other techniques, depending on etiology. The effectiveness of the treatments was
different, according to the specific disease.
Conclusion. In order to have a correct and quick diagnosis a certain examination protocol
should be followed. In our opinion the imiging diagnosis is very important but not always
necessary. Furthermore one has to take in the account that an advanced imaging facility may
be at a distance of hundreds of kilometers, so we are in danger to lose precious time.
References
1. Lorenz D. M., Coates J. R., Kent M., (2011). Handbook of Veterinary Neurology,
Fifth Edition, ed. Saunders, Philadelphia.
2. Papuc I, (2013). Semiologie si semiotica medicala veterinara, Ed. Accent Cluj Napoca,
p. 409-469
3. Platt S. and Garosi L. (2012). Small Animal Neurological Emargencies, Mansion
Publishing.
312
THE INFLUENCE OF NATURAL VITAMIN C ON BROILER
CHICKENS HEMATOLOGICAL AND ECONOMICAL PARAMETERS
Laura CĂTANĂ, Cristina STEFANUŢ, R. CĂTANĂ, Anca CHEREJI, M. CERNEA
Keywords. Broiler chickens, feed intake, Vitamin C,
Introduction. The combination of natural vitamin C and bioflavonoids is essential for the
vitamin’s proper absorption and for maintaining tissue integrity. They work as antioxidants,
increasing the capillary resistance and regularizing their permeability, preventing the ruptures
and providing protection against infections (Tarwadi and Agte, 2007, Cernea, 2009, Cernea,
2011).
Aims. The study was designed to determine the efficacy of a phytotherapeutical product rich
in natural vitamin C over the feed intake in broiler chickens.
Materials and Methods. The testing was performed on 20 broilers, divided in 2 groups:
Group I, witness, and Group II, containing broilers who have received an additional intake of
phytotherapeutical product. During the assessment period all the data regarding the
haematological tests, the amount of forage, the individual weight at 1, 9 and 56 days and the
dressed weight were registered.
Results. In the group I, the average daily gain was 21,98g in the first 9 days, followed by a
average daily gain of 50,24g in the days 9-56. In the group II, the average daily gain was
22,07 g in the first 9 days, respectively 56,7 g in the days 9-56. At 56 days the average weight
for Group II was 2900 g compared to the first group which had an average weight of 2615g.
The natural vitamin C determined a superior valorisation of the nutritional principles found in
feed, the average dressed weight difference being of 410g in favour of the group II, which
represents an increase of 23,4% compared to witness group. The slaughter yield was in
average 74,48% for group II and 66,92% for group I. The average feed conversion rate was
1434 g for group I, and 1621 g for group II.
Conclusion All the assessed data showed a positive effect of the natural vitamin C on the
economical parameters.
313
PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF CORONAVIRUSES IDENTIFIED IN
MOLDAVIA CATS
Cristina HORHOGEA*, Ivona LAIU, Cristina RÎMBU and Carmen CREȚU
1
Department of Public Health. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UȘAMV Iași, România.
*
Keywords. Cat, coronavirus, phylogenetic analysis
Introduction. Feline infectious peritonitis is produced by a mutant of the feline coronavirus,
a member of Alphacoronavirus 1. These are enveloped, single-stranded, positive-sense
viruses with one of the larges RNA (27–32 kb) (Lai et al., 1997). The M glycoprotein is the
most abundant structural component, involved in viral assembly and host interactions (Brown
et al., 2009).
Aims. In this study we analysed sequences of feline coronaviruses and feline infectious
peritonitis viruses identified in domestic cats from Moldavia. These M proteins were
compared with other strains from international database in order to observe the similarities
and to investigate the possibility of coronavirus cross-species transmission between cats and
dogs.
Materials and Methods. 8 feces (using sterile rectal swab), 9 ascitic fluid, 3 thoracic fluid
and 1 blood sample from 13 cats presenting clinical signs of feline infectious peritonitis were
tested for the presence of coronavirus. Coronaviral RNA was extracted using the QIAamp
RNA Mini Kit (Qiagene). Amplification by RT-PCR was performed using a pair of primers
(p205-p211) and CCV1-CCV2. The PCR products were purified using QIAquick Gel
extraction kit (Qiagen) and nucleotide sequencing was performed by automated sequencing at
Eurofins Germany. Alignments of the DNA sequences were made using the Clustal W
programme. The phyogenetic trees were constructed using MEGA 6.06 programme,
Maximum Likelihood.
Results. M protein was detected in 2 feces samples (C7, C8), 7 ascitic fluids (C2, C3, C5,
C10, M1, M2, M4) and 3 thoracic fluids (C6, C9, M4). Most of these cats had contact or were
living with other cats or dogs. Phylogenetic tree analyses revealed the similarities between our
cat M protein and other cats with or without PIF and dogs.
Conclusions. The high mutation rate of RNA genome and high recombination frequencies is
the key for coronavirus interspecific transmition.
References
1. M.A. Brown, J.L. Troyer, J. Pecon-Slattery, M.E. Roelke, and S.J. O'Brien (2009).
Genetics and pathogenesis of feline infectious peritonitis virus, Emerging Infectious
Diseases, vol. 15, no. 9, pp. 1445–1452.
2. M. M. Lai and D. Cavanagh, “The molecular biology of coronaviruses,” Advances in
Virus Research, vol. 48, pp. 1–100, 1997.
314
PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF ROSMARINUS OFFICINALIS ETHANOLIC
EXTRACT AGAINST CCL4-INDUCED LIVER DAMAGE IN RATS
Ioana BEDECEAN1*, Bogdan SEVASTRE1, Raluca VIDRIGHINESCU1, Andras
NAGY1 Roxana L. STAN2, Daniela BENEDEC2, Daniela HANGANU2 and Ioan
MARCUS1
1
University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
2
University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hateganu”, Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
*
Keywords. carbon tetrachloride, hepatoprotective, plasma biochemistry, rosemary
Introduction. Rosmarinus officinalis L, (Lamiaceae) known as rosemary, is a medicinal and
aromatic native plant from Mediterranean area. It contains a wide range of active compounds
including flavonoids such as carnosol, carnosic and rosmarinic acid, volatile oils.
Aims. The aim of the present study was to investigate the hepatoprotective effect of R.
officinalis ethanolic extract on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced model of hepatitis
(1ml/kg).
Materials and Methods. R officinalis was administrated in dose of 300 mg/kg, 3 times a
week by oral administration. In the end the animals were euthanatized and routine plasma
biochemistry was performed including Aspartate aminotransaminase (AST), Alanine
aminotransaminase (ALT), Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and plasma total protein,
albumin and globulin.
Results. Hepatocellular damage was indicated by elevated levels of AST, ALT and GGT
(p<0.01), and hepatocellular insufficiency by decreasing albumin concentration and A/G
ratio. R. officinalis provide a hepatoprotective effect by preventing the rise of serum AST and
ALT (p<0.01) and improving the A/G ratio (p<0.05).
Conclusion. In conclusion, the present data showed a promising hepatoprotective effect of
ethanol extract of R officinalis on toxic hepatitis model.
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/136893.
315
ULTRASONOGRAPHIC ASPECT OF COELOMIC ORGANS IN BOID
SNAKES
Robert Cristian PURDOIU1*, Lucia BEL2, Radu LĂCĂTUȘ1, Ionel PAPUC1
1
2
Department of Anaesthesiology and Propaedeutic. University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cluj Napoca.
*
Keywords. coelomic cavity ultrasonography, constrictor snake, snake ultrasonography
Introduction. The unique anatomic features of the ophidian organs have direct consequences
on the approaches used and the structures viewed during an ultrasonography examination;
these include the organs mobility in the coelomic cavity and the particular aspect of the
organs.
Aims. Assessment of optimal approaches of ultrasonography in the boid snakes, so to identify
the normal ultrasonographyc anatomy of the coelomic organs.
Materials and Methods. The biological material was represented by 4 boid snake: 3 boa
constrictor (Boa constrictor imperator) and 1 Burmese Python (Python molurus bivittatus); 1
male and 3 female, weighing between 2,5 and 20,7 kg and measuring from 1 to 3 m. The
snakes were each held both in ventral and dorsal recumbency, with no anesthesia necessary,
only physical restraining. For the ultrasonography of coelomic organs examination, an
ultrasound Mindray DC-6 unit equipped with a 7,5-10 MHz linear was used. Ventral and
intercostals approaches were used, evaluation and measurements being assessed in B mode. In
some cases Color Doppler was used to visualize the blood flow in the ophidian organs.
Results. B mode ultrasonography shows the heart that could be taken as a mark point for
identifying the other coelomic organs. There were put in evidence the intestine, the liver and
gal bladder, the kidney and the ovary. Vascularization of the liver, kidney and the heart was
evaluated through Doppler.
Conclusion. The ultrasound examination is a non-invasive method that could constitute a
useful tool in identifying different pathologies located at the coelomic level.
316
EVALUATION OF THE ANTI-INFLAMMATORY, ANTISEPTIC
ESSENTIAL OILS OF PLANTAGO LANCEOLATA, LAURUS NOBILIS
AND PELARGONIUM GRAVEOLENS 'PLANTAIN', 'BAY' AND
'GERANIUM ROSAT'
R. MOHAMED SAID1, R. MOUSSERATI, S. OUAKEDI
Cellular physiology and Biology department, University Blida I, Algeria
1
Corresponding author, e-mail : [email protected]
Key words: antiseptic activity, anti-inflammatory action, extraction, essential oil, Plantago
lanceolata, Laurus nobilis, Pelargonium graveolens,
Introduction. Plantain (Plantago lanceolata), laurel (Laurus nobilis) and geranium
(Pelargonium graveolens) are well known for their therapeutic plants. Used since time
immemorial in traditional medicine, they are widespread in Algeria. Valuing their aromatic
secondary metabolites offers new perspectives in the pharmaceutical industry (Girre, 1980;
Bruneton J., 2005). This trend is the main reason for the revival of natural medicines
(Bruneton J, 1999)
Materials and Methods. The extraction of the aromatic fraction of the fresh aerial parts of
Plantago lanceolata, Laurus nobilis and Pelargonium graveolens was made by steam
distillation, and laurel leaf, geranium using a semi-pilot plant.
Results and discussion: The average yields in essential oil (EO) are respectively the
following: 0.04%, 0.16%, and 0.25%. The study of the antiseptic activity of the EO plantains,
laurel and geranium is against most of the strains tested in particular, Staphylococcus aureus,
Pseudomonas aerugenosa, E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in both agar in
microatmosphere, showed zones of inhibition of at least most important range of 11 to 18mm
when using the infused plantain. Unlike the infused laurel acts on E. coli (13mm), The EO
(laurel, geranium) in microatmosphere is more active against Candida albicans (35mm)
(36.5mm). In the agar EO of laurel gives better results (21 mm, 50 mm) than the geranium (10
mm, 18 mm) and Plantago lanceolata (11 to 17 mm except Candida albicans). And there is a
difference between action infused and EO against Candida albicans. The EO (plantain, laurel
and geranium) 2.5% extracted, has a large in vivo anti-inflammatory potential undeniable,
they reduce swelling very significantly (87.80%, 74.69 %, 75.13%).
Conclusion. With the progress of scientific research new active ingredients and new
pharmacological properties helped to make herbal medicines authentic, in order to enumerate
the anti-inflammatory, antiseptic and increase their efficiencies.This is the case of plantain,
geranium and Laurel plants that showed these antiseptic and anti-inflammatory
characteristics.
References
1. Bruneton J., 1999: «Pharmacognosy, phytochemistry of herbs» 3th ED Paris, Éditions
médicales international. Editions Tec and Doc Lavoisier, pp1120.
2. Bruneton J., 2005: «Pharmacognosy, phytochemistry of herbs» Edition: Tec & doc.
Paris, pp299, 301.
3. Girre l., 1980: "Know and recognize plants medicinal», Rennes, West France.
317
Section 9: Veterinary Medicine - Clinical sciences
EFFECT OF OXIDATIVE STRESS AND ANTIOXIDANTS ON
MAMMALIAN SEMEN FUNCTIONS
Mustafa BUCAK1*, Mihai CENARIU2
1
Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination. Selcuk University, Faculty of Veterinary
Medicine Konya, Turkey.
2
Department of Animal Reproduction.University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine
*
Keywords. antioxidants, mammalian sperm, oxidative stres.
The polyunsaturated fatty acids in small ruminant sperm membranes is generally higher than
in other species. The lipid distribution of the plasma membrane of mammalian sperm is
clearly different from those of somatic cells. These events make the sperm sensitive to
oxidative damage. Damage due to oxidative stress is named as increased cellular damage
induced by free radicals. Uncontrolled production of free radicals that exceeds the antioxidant
capacity of semen causes oxidative stress. Cellular damage induced by free radicals is
characterized by loss in membrane and morphological integrity, impaired sperm functions.
The presence of high rates of polyunsaturated fatty acids within sperm cells requires efficient
antioxidant systems to defend against oxidative damage. Antioxidant systems in sperm cells
are primarily of cytoplasmic origin. Spermatozoa discard most of their cytoplasm during the
terminal stages of differentiation, and lack the significant cytoplasmic component containing
antioxidants that neutralize the damaging effects of oxidative stress. The antioxidant system
comprising enzymatic and non- enzymatic antioxidants has been described as a defense
functioning mechanism against oxidative stress, and is important in providing sperm
functions. This antioxidant capacity in sperm cells may be inadequate in preventing LPO
during the freeze-thawing process. The addition of antioxidants to sperm was shown to
protect sperm against the detrimental effects of free radicals and to improve post-thaw sperm
quality. This study is aimed at reviewing the effect of oxidative stress and antioxidants on
mammalian semen functions.
References
1. Aitken R.J., Clarkson J.S., Fishel S. (1989). Generation of reactive oxygen species,
lipid peroxidation, and human sperm function, Biol. Reprod. 41:183-197.
2. Alvarez J.G. and Storey B.T. (1989). Role of glutathione peroxidase in protecting
mammalian spermatozoa from loss of motility caused by spontaneous lipid
peroxidation, Gamete Res. 23:77-90.
3. Aurich J.E., Schonherr U., Hoppe H., Aurich C. (1997). Effect of antioxidants on
motility and membrane integrity of chilled-stored stallion semen. Theriogenology
48:185–192.
4. Storey B.T. (1997). Biochemistry of the induction and prevention of lipoperoxidative
damage in human spermatozoa. Mol. Hum. Reprod. 3:203-213.
5. Tvrdá E., Kňažická Z., Bárdos L., Massányi P., Lukáč N. (2011). Impact of oxidative
stress on male fertility. Acta Vet. Hung. 59:465-484.
318
SUBTOTAL VAGINECTOMY AS A TREATMENT FOR VAGINAL
TUMOURS IN TWO BITCHES
Cornel IGNA1*, Daniel BUMB1, Adelina PROTEASA1,
Roxana DASCALU1 and Larisa SCHUSZLER1, Diana BREZOVAN1
1
Banat’s University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, “King Mihai I of Romania”
from Timisoara, Romania
*
Keywords. bitch, fibroleiomyoma, haemangioma, squamous carcinoma, vaginectomy
Introduction. Leiomyoma/leiomyosarcoma, fibroma, and transmissible venereal tumor
account for most of the canine vulvar/vaginal neoplasms (Thacher and Bradley, 1983).
Genital tract tumours are usually seen in medium aged non-spayed dogs and the
recommended treatment choice is the surgery (Klein, 2001). Vaginectomy can be complete or
subtotal. The indication for a vaginectomy is for the treatment of large or malignant vaginal
tumours (Tivers and Baines, 2012).
Aims. To report a surgical technique for subtotal vaginectomy using a combined abdominal
and vestibular approach; postoperative management; and short-term outcome.
Materials and Methods. Two female dogs were diagnosed with extensive intramural caudal
vagina and cervix mass and pyometra. Preoperative evaluation and a centesis biopsy were
performed. Through a ventral median celiotomy the ovariohysterectomy was performed. A
subtotal vaginectomy was carried out using an episiotomy approach. The caudal part of the
vagina was dissected and separated from the vestibule at the vestibule-vaginal junction, just
cranial to the urethral orifice and the vagina freed from any remaining pelvic attachments.
Dogs were reexamined at one month and 6 months postoperatively.
Results. A combined abdominal and vestibular approach permitted subtotal vaginectomy in
both cases. Histo-pathological examination of the excised tumour reveals fibroleiomyoma,
squamous carcinoma and haemangioma. The two bitches included in this study showed a
satisfactory outcome with no tumour recurrence or metastases at follow-up examination.
Conclusion. The surgical technique described here allowed complete resection of extensive
vaginal lesions, was not associated with major complications, and outcome was favorable.
Acknowledgement This research work was carried out with the support of the project
Dezvoltarea infrastructurii de cercetare, educaţie şi servicii în domeniile medicinei veterinare
şi tehnologiilor inovative pentru RO 05, cod SMIS-CSNR 2669.
319
REPRODUCTIVE PROBLEMS IN COMMERCIAL PIG FARMS
Dragan ROGOŽARSKI1, Jovan BOJKOVSKI2
Veterinary Spcialistic Institute, Požarevacm Serbia
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
Correspoding author, e-mail: [email protected]
Keywords. commercially farm, reproductive problem, sows
Introduction. In intensive swine production reproduction control by herd represents the
essence of good and profitable production. On swine reproduction affected by numerous
factors, some of which stand out as significant: housing, food, seasons, the position of the
farm, microclimate, implementation of biosecurity measures, the size of the herd, herd health
status.
Aims. This paper gives an overview of reproductive problems on commercial pig farms
Materials and Methods. In commercial pig farms, we followed reproductive problems in
sows. We traced the problem of infertility in sows. We followed the conventional assessment
of capacity development semen of boars.
Results. On commercial farms causes of infertility are different. One of the current problems
that arises in the course of the year is the phenomenon of seasonal infertility that is present on
the farm during the summer months and creates a problem for producers who want to
maximize reproductive efficiency.
Conclusion. High health status and health control application program of health care through
preventive and curative measures and protocol externally and internally biosafety is
imperative in production.
320
DISTRIBUTION OF ANTISEPTIC RESISTANCE GENES IN
STAPHYLOCOCCI FROM BOVINE AND GOAT MASTITIS
Yasar ERGUN1*, Zafer CANTEKIN2, Kemal GURTURK3, Hasan SOLMAZ4, İsmail
Hakkı EKIN3 and Dilek OZTURK5
1
Mustafa Kemal University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and
Gynaecology, Tayfur Sokmen Campus 31000 Hatay, TURKEY
2
Mustafa Kemal University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Tayfur
Sokmen Campus 31000 Hatay, TURKEY
3
Yüzüncü Yıl University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Zeve Campus,
65080 Van, TURKEY
4
Yüzüncü Yıl University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Zeve
Campus, 65080 Van, TURKEY
5
Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Microbiology, İstiklal
Yerleskesi, 15030 Burdur, TURKEY
Keywords. Antiseptic Resistance, Caprine Mastitis, Bovine Mastitis, Staphylococci
Introduction. Quaternary ammonium compounds are using as pre dipping and post dipping
disinfectants in milking procedure in dairy animals.
Aims. The purpose of this study is determination of antiseptic resistance genes against
quaternary ammonium compounds (qacA/qacB and qacC) from staphylococcal mastitis in
dairy cattle and goats in various regions of Turkey.
Materials and Methods. Totally 283 isolates from bovine mastitis (Burdur; 36, Hatay; 47
and Van; 200) and 30 goats subclinical mastitis isolates from Hatay region were studied.
Antiseptic resistance genes qacA/qacB and qacC were detected by simplex PCR.
Results. In the result of the analyses, qacA/qacB genes were found in 16 isolates (5.66%).
Regional distribution was, 3 from Burdur (8.3%), 6 from Hatay (12.8%) and 7 from Van
isolates (3.5%). And qacC were found 2 isolates from Burdur (5.6%), none of Hatay and 2 of
Van isolates (1%). In the isolates from goats, qacA/B was found in 1 isolate (3.3%).
Conclusion. As a conclusion, distribution of resistance genes, qacA/qacB and qacC, against
to quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) were determined with different proportions.
The presence of these genes in staphylococci isolates from mastitis may pose a risk for public
health, milk hygienic quality and transmission of the contagious mastitis agents.
321
MASTECTOMY AS A RADICAL TREATMENT OF CHRONIC
SUPPURATIVE MASTITIS ON A SPECIFIC GOAT BREED (ALBĂ DE
BANAT) - CASE REPORT
Tiberiu CONSTANTIN, Manuela PASCAL and Dorin ȚOGOE
Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine from Bucharest
Keywords. mastectomy, chronic suppurative mastitis, goat
Introduction. Chronic mastitis develops from an untreated case of acute mastitis manifested
as multiple formation of abscess within the mammary parenchyma (Smith and Sherman,
2009). The present case report descriebes a total mastectomy for the management of chronic
suppurative mastitis in a goat.
Aims. The main purpose was to optimise transfer of knowledge and note pathologies that
could cause infection into the udder, demanding for new solutions. Furthermore, the necessity
to summarise and publish findings along with the trainning of local veterinarians was needed.
Materials and Methods. A 6-year-old goat, 35.5 kg, occured at the Clinics with a pure
nutritional status, generalizated alopecia, udder multiple abscessation associated with chronic
mastitis and a Body Condition Score range to one. Clinical examination revealed that
respiration rate, heart rate and rectal temperature were within normal parameters. The milking
was painful with a bilateral purulent and disagreeable odor milk. A Linognatus spp. external
hemoparasite was identified on the skin and into the feces it was observed a sligth infestation
with Eimeria spp.. First deworming along with a tick and flea prevention has been done and
then the chronic mastitis was treated local and general, however with no results. The doe was
subjected to mastectomy under general anesthesia.
Results. After 14 days from surgery, results indicate that mastectomy was the best decision
for the status health of the doe.
Conclusion. Bilateral mastectomy is a safe procedure implied in chronic untreatable
conditions of udder in small ruminants.
References
1. Hussein M. El-Maghraby, (2001) Comparison of Two Surgical Techniques For
Mastectomy Of Goats. Small Ruminant Research 40 (3): 215-221.
2. Kumar A., Mahajan S.K., Singh K., Sangwan V., Chandra M., Saini N.S., and Anand
A. (2012) Unilateral Mastectomy For The Management Of Chronic Suppurative
Mastitis In A Goat. Indian Journal of Small Ruminants 18 (1): 148-151.
3. Smith M.C., Sherman D.M., (2009) Goat Medicine. 2nd edition, Wiley-Blackell
Publishing, New York, pp. 670-674.
322
PRELIMINARY REMARKS IN HORMONAL TREATMENTS EFFECTS
ON REPRODUCTION PERIOD IN COWS
Ioana Cristina CRIVEI1, Elena RUGINOSU2, S.I. BORŞ 2, D. L. DASCĂLU 2,
P. ROȘCA1, D. DRUGOCIU1
1
2
Department of Clinics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, M.Sadoveanu Street, No. 8, Iași, Romania.
Research and Development Station for Cattle Breeding Dancu - IASI SCDCB Holboca village, No. 9
Sos. Iasi-Ungheni, Romania.
*
Keywords. cows, hormonal treatment, ovarian diseases, reproduction period.
Introduction : The early resumption of estrous cycles following calving is important for high
reproductive efficiency and for that cows cows that have not been observed in estrus during
the first 60 d after calving have a significantly higher risk of being culled than cows that have
displayed estrus (Opsomer et al., 2000).
Aims. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of hormonal treatment on
reproduction period in cows, but also to establish if there is any significant difference in some
reproductive parameters between cows treated with hormonal medication and cows which
resumed ovarian cyclicity before 60 days postpartum.
Materials and Methods. This study was performed in a dairy cows farm in North-Eastern
Moldavia, over a period of 2 consecutive years, on Romanian Black Spotted cows in order to
determine hormonal treatments influence on reproduction period. Hormonal treatments used
for the above mentioned diseases were represented by luteolytic agent prostaglandin F2α
(PGF2α), one of its potent analogues (Proliz, Biotur, Romania) and by administration of
exogenous gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) (Receptal, Intervet, Romania).
Results. We noticed that average reproduction period (52.1 days) and the other breeding
intervals that were taken under study (over a two years period), presented different values for
cows that have been under hormonal medication treatment, compared to those that resumed
ovarian cyclicity before 60 days postpartum (52.7 days).
Conclusion. Thus, this preliminary study supports the development of a more detailed study
on several dairy cows farms in order to investigate the answer of different types of hormonal
treatments against persistent corpus luteum and cystic ovarian disease.
References
1. Opsomer, G., H. Laevens, N. Steegen, and A. de Kruif. (2000). A descriptive study of
postpartum anoestrus in nine high-yielding dairy herds in Flanders. Vlaams
Diergeneeskundig Tijdschrift 69:31–37.
323
DYSGERMINOMA, PYOMETRA OF THE STUMP AND MAMMARY
CARCINOMA IN A DOG WITH OVARIAN REMNANT SYNDROMECASE STUDY
Ioana SFARTZ, Petru ROȘCA, Iulian IBĂNESCU, Ioana CRIVEI, Dan DRUGOCIU
Department of Clinics, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Iasi, Romania
*Corresponding author e-mail: [email protected]
Keywords. bitch, ovarian remnant syndrome, pyometra, uterine stump.
Introduction. Ovarian remnant syndrome (ORS) represents the presence of functional
ovarian tissue after routine castration of a bitch, caused either by surgeon error or the presence
of anomalous ovarian tissue. The piece of ovary that remains after the surgery, may continue
to develop and become functional, secreting hormones as estrogen and progesterone which
cause signs of pro-estrus or estrus, even pseudocyesis. All those signs cause consternation
among owners, who thought that the reproductive activity in their dog will be completely
abolished.
Aims. This paper presents the negative aspects of an ORS in a bitch.
Materials and Methods. One half-breed, 6 years old bitch, 27.3 kg, spayed 8 months before,
was presented with purulent vaginal discharge and mammary lumps, after the animal has been
treated by her veterinarian with Poligestone to suppress the persisting estrus signs. Our
investigations included vaginal cytology, vaginoscopy, the examination of the mammary
chain, ultrasound, radiography, chemical, hematological and histopathological examinations.
Results. The vaginal smear showed a large number of superficial cells, numerous bacteria and
neutrophils. The ultrasound revealed a filled uterine stump and the presence of a mass caudal
the right kidney, which was suspected as an ovarian neoplasm. The examination of the
mammary chain revealed masses in the 3rd, 4th, 5th right mammary glands and in the 2nd left
mammary gland. The bitch underwent surgery, and the results of the histopathological
examination were: dysgerminoma, pyometra, and the mammary masses were classified as
carcinomas.
Conclusion. In this paper we wanted to underline the fact that the Ovarian Remnant
Syndrome may imply serious clinical consequences which can even lead to the death of the
animal. We recommend as a method of treatment for this condition the surgical removal of
the remnant tissue.
324
EFFECT OF CULTURE MEDIA ON MARE OOCYTES MATURATION
Hussam ARYAN1, Ioan GROZA2, Iancu MORAR2*, Liviu BOGDAN2*,
Anamaria PETREAN2*, Omar MARDENLI2*
1
2
Department of Veterinary Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction,
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Romania,
*
Keywords. Degenerated, maturation, medium, oocyte, recovery.
Introduction. Oocytes recovery and cultivation medias are selected according to the species
wich we collect from, stage of follicular development, recovery tehnique and storage duration
(cryopreservation or using for obtaining embryos) (Groza et al . 2004). Cultivation systems
were diversified rapidly, based on consecrate elements, besides ensuring their supplements as
increasing the potential for development after fertilization.
Aims. The aim of this paper is to evaluate mediums and solutions used in Oocyte maturation
for (24 hours), improving their original contributions and correlation morphological study
with the degree of maturation and selection the suitables for fertilization.
Material and Method: Research was conducted on a number of 432 mare oocytes. After
examining on the stereolupe and inverted microscope, only oocytes that were classified as
class, cultivable oocytes were used for in vitro maturation.
Results. Mare oocyte in vitro cultivation which was performed in medium for 24 hours in
three culture medium supplemented originally, aimed for completion of maturation and
preparation for in vitro fertilization protocol. 432 mare oocytes were cultured, cultivation in
three culture media as follows:
• 150 oocytes were cultured in medium TCM -199 supplemented with 10 % FCS + 25
mM HEPES + 1 mM sodium pyruvate + 1% glutamine + 1% AA + 10 µg / ml of FSH
+ 2 µg / ml of LH + 500 ul antibiotic (M1)
• 137 oocytes were cultured in medium consisting of TCM -199 supplemented with 5 %
SOF + 5% FCS + 1% glutamine + 1% AA + 500 ul antibiotic (M2)
• 145 oocytes were cultured in medium consisting of SOF supplemented with 10 % FCS
+ 1% glutamine + 1% AA+ 500 ul antibiotic (M3)
Mare oocytes were classified into two quality categories:
• Mature oocytes: presenting expanded cumulus to five layers of cellule around the
oocyte, the presence of the first polar body, homogeneous cytoplasm, integrity
pellucida membrane and uniform space perivitelin;
• Degenerate oocytes: presenting unexpanded cumulus or partial denudation, granular
cytoplasm, retracted and space perivitelin ununiform.
Conclusions:
• The highest cultivation rate in three mediums was obatined for M1 - 53.33% (80 oocytes),
followed by M3- maturation rate was 39.65% (58 oocytes). A lower maturation rate
34.54% (47 oocytes) was observed in the M2 medium.
• We recommend an extension of the cultivation period from 24 to 28 or 30 hours, which is
necessary to achieve the degree of maturation before in vitro fertilization, and the use of
media supplemented with hormones (FSH and LH), amino acids and synthetic oviduct
fluid (SOF).
325
EQUINE EMBRYO SEXING - A CASE STUDY OF ITS
APPLICABILITY IN A DEVELOPING COUNTRY (ROMANIA)
Melania I. CRIȘAN, Iancu A. MORAR*, Mihai CENARIU, Aurel DAMIAN, Cristian
CRECAN, Emoke PALL, Cosmin PEȘTEAN and Ioan S. GROZA
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of ClujNapoca, Romania
*
Keywords. embryo, equine, PCR, sexing
Introduction. The interest of sex determination in embryos has an economical and research
implication. This method is directly related to the embryo transfer method, which nowadays is
considered to be an industry, in both equine and bovine.
Aims. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the applicability of equine embryo sexing
using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and to decide if this method is affordable
for Romania and yields good results.
Materials and Methods. Five equine embryos have been obtained by natural breeding using
transcervical uterine lavage with Ringer Lactate on 6.5 or 7 days. The DNA extraction was
performed by using proteinase K and the DNA was quantified by spectrophotometry. Three
sets of primers have been used. The double nested PCR was performed, followed by
electrophoresis of the amplified samples.
Results. From the five embryos obtained, three samples presented a single 445 bp DNA band
and no SRY band and they were considered to be females. In two cases, the 445 bp was
accompanied by the SRY-1 217 bp and SRY-2 121 bp band, thus being considered to come
from male embryos. The embryo biopsy was done in 2 embryos and one biopsied embryo was
transferred to a recipient mare. The transfer of the biopsied embryo did not succeed.
Conclusion. PCR is suitable for sexing preimplantation equine embryos, but still in order to
perform this type of activity at a commercial level, the infrastructure and the development of
Equine Reproduction centres it’s mandatory.
Acknowledgments. This paper was published under the frame of European Social Found,
Human Resources Development Operational Program 2007-2013, project no.
POSDRU/159/1.5/136893.
326
INFLUENCE OF HEPATOPROTECTIVE ON THE REDUCTION OF
NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF NATURALLY CONTAMINATED FOOD IN
BROILERS
Teodora VASILJEVIĆ1*. Jasna BOŠNJAK1, Mihajlo RADIVOJEVIĆ2,
Marko VASILJEVIĆ1
1
Patent Co, Belgrade, Serbia
PKB Agroekonomik, Beograd, Serbia
*Corresponding author email: [email protected]
2
Key wors: broilers, productive parameters, hepatoprotectives
Introduction. Output of the poultry industry in the world has been on the rise, with expected
production levels of 100 million tons this year, to 143 million tones expected in 2030., which
will form 40% of the world’s total meat production. Broiler production today accounts for
85% of poultry production in the world due to the dynamic production and rapid capital
turnover.
Aims. Duration cycles of 42 days, final body weight of 2.5 kg, feed conversion ratio 1,8-2kg
food per kilo make this sort of production attractive for producers.
Material and metohods: Considering economics of broiler production, in order to achieve
the desired weight gain, conversion speed growth and carcass quality, apart from selection of
line hybrids with high genetic potential and fulfillment of technological requirements in
production nutrition certainly has the greatest impact
Results. In a study conducted at the experimental farm "Crvenka" we examined the effects of
adding different combinations of hepatoprotective substances in foods naturally contaminated
with mycotoxins on productive performance of Cobb 500 hybrid. Mortality, growth, feed
intake, meat yield, analyzed metabolic profiles and level of oxidative stress (MDA) in the
blood were recorded in 1200 chickens. Pathomorphological and histopathological
examination of the liver samples of slaughtered poultry were also carried out.
Conclusion. Based on the results of these tests we believe that adding hepatoprotective
substances can significantly reduce the negative effects of naturally contaminated food on the
performance and health of broilers.
327
CYTOTOXIC POTENTIAL OF ANTIOXIDANTS FROM TOMATOES
ON TUMORAL CELLS
Diana CENARIU1, Adela PINTEA2, Eva FISCHER-FODOR3, Mustafa BUCAK4,
Mihai CENARIU5* and Gianina CRIŞAN1
1
Department of Pharmaceutical Botany. University of University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu
Hatieganu” Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
2
Department of Biochemistry. University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine ClujNapoca, Romania.
3
Research Department. Institute of Oncology “Prof.Dr.I.Chiricuta”, Romania.
4
Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination. Selcuk University Konya, Turkey.
5
Department of Animal Reproduction.University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine
*
Keywords. antioxidants, carotenoids, cytotoxicity, tumoral cells.
Introduction. Tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) are known to contain various
antioxidants such as lycopene and other carotenoids, which were proven to have
antineoplastic activity.
Aims. The aim of the present study was to obtain and characterize a whole tomato extract in
order to show the amount and type of antioxidants contained, as well as to assess the
cytotoxic potential of such extracts on the HEPG2 tumoral cell line.
Materials and Methods. Tomato extracts were obtained using the light petroleum/ethyl
acetate/methanol method and characterized by HPLC. HEPG2 liver hepatocellular carcinoma
cell line was grown in Eagle’s Minimum Essential Medium (EMEM) supplemented with 10%
FBS. As soon as subconfluency was reached cells were transferred into 96 well plates and
treated with serial dilutions of the tomato extract. Cytotoxicity of the extracts was assessed
using the MTT dye, in comparison with untreated cells and IC50 was established.
Results. The extraction method proved to be a very efficient one, yielding significant
amounts of carotenoid pigments, including lycopene, β-carotene, γ-carotene and others, as
shown by the HPLC analysis. The antioxidants contained by the extracts showed significant
cytotoxicity on HEPG2 liver hepatocellular carcinoma cell line, being able to visibly inhibit
cellular development in vitro.
Conclusion. The present study showed the cytotoxic influence that antioxidants extracted
from tomatoes exert on the in vitro development of a hepatocellular carcinoma cell line,
opening new perspectives for in vivo studies, involving patients with hepatic cancer.
Acknowledgement. This paper was published under the frame of European Social Found,
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/136893.
328
ARTEMISIA ANNUA INCREASES PRODUCTION PERFORMANCES IN
BROILERS EXPERIMENTALLY INFECTED WITH EIMERIA
ACERVULINA BUT HAS LITTLE ANTICOCCIDIAL EFFECT
Loredana POP1, Adriana GYÖRKE1*, Diana BĂRBURAŞ1, Andra TOMA-NAIC1,
Zsuzsa KÁLMAR1, Viorica MIRCEAN1, Vasile COZMA1
1
Department of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases. University of Agricultural Sciences and
Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Cluj-Napoca, Romania
*
Keywords. Artemisia, Eimeria, chickens
Introduction. Due to emergence of drug resistant strains, alternatives for the control of avian
coccidiosis are much needed. A. annua seems to be an effective choice for its antiparasitic
activities (Abbas et al., 2012).
Aims. We aimed to evaluate the effect of A. annua in chickens experimentally infected at 14
days old with 1x105 oocysts of E. acervulina, in a battery trial.
Materials and Methods. Chickens were randomly divided in 7 groups each with 3 replicates
of 7 chickens (n=21), as follows: negative and positive control groups (NC, PC), one control
group infected and treated with monensin, 4 experimental groups infected and treated with A.
annua German (5 and 50 ppm artemisinin) and Romanian (5 and 21,3 ppm artemisinin)
cultivars. All the chickens received standard starter feed until 12 days old when the
experimental feed was introduced. The effect of A. annua against E. acervulina was evaluated
by recording the following parameters: weight gain (WG), feed conversion ratio (FCR),
oocysts shedded per gram of feces (OPG), oocysts sporulation rate, mortality and lesion score.
Results and discussions: The Romanian cultivar improved the WG and FCR, which were
even better than in the control groups. However, the OPG output in the experimental groups
was as high as in PC, only Romanian cultivar reduced the OPG with 17.51% compared with
PC, which is unsatisfactory. Oocysts sporulation was not affected by A. annua, and the lesion
score was reduced with only 8.11% compared with PC.
Conclusions. A. annua improves chickens performances, but further studies are needed in
order to find the component of plant that has anticoccidial effect.
References
1. Abbas, R.Z., D. Colwell, J. Gilleard. (2012). Botanicals: an alternative approach for
the control of avian coccidiosis. Worlds Poultry Science Journal, 68: 203-215.
Aknowledgements. This work was supported by UEFISCDI, project number PN II-PCCA
Tip 2 110/2012 and was published under the frame of European Social Found, Human
Resources
Development
Operational
Programme
2007-2013,
project
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/136893.
329
GENETIC DIVERSITY OF CAMPYLOBACTER JEJUNI STRAINS
ISOLATED FROM POULTRY IN ROMANIA
Carmen CRETU1*, Cristina RIMBU1, *Cristina HORHOGEA1, Mihai OBADA2
1
2
University of Applied Life Sciences and Environment, Romania
CINOP, Consultants in Vocational Education and Training, The Netherlands
*Corresponding author e-mail: [email protected].
Keywords. Campylobacter, molecular epidemiology, poultry
Introduction. A recent report by the Food Standards Agency found that there was a
Campylobacter spp. prevalence of 65.2% in retail chicken in the UK (FSA, 2009) and other
studies have also found Campylobacter jejuni in chickens and/or raw poultry.
Aims. Campylobacter jejuni may be isolated from human faeces and foods which are likely to
be important in the transmission of Campylobacter. In Campylobacter jejuni isolated from
humans and poultry in Romania, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) identified two sequence
types: ST 21 and ST 45. All poultry isolates had groEL and hipO genes, which are optimized
to detect the majority of Campylobacter spp., especially the identification of C. jejuni in
humans and animals.
Materials and Methods. MLST is a method for characterizing microbial isolates by means of
sequencing housekeeping genes and has been used to determine the population structure of
many bacterial pathogens, including Campylobacter jejuni. Twelve Romanian isolates of
Campylobacter jejuni were included in this study.
Results. Twelve isolates were assigned to two different sequence types. Overall, ST-45 was
the most common sequence type (8 isolates) identified in the poultry (7 isolates) and humans
(1 isolate), followed by sequence type ST-21 (4 isolates) identified in the poultry (3 isolates)
and humans (1 isolate).
Conclusion. MLST data suggested that there was a large amount of genetic diversity amongst
poultry Campylobacter jejuni isolates, and that the majority of sequence types found in
poultry were the same as those reported in humans.
References
1. Colles, F.M., Jones, K., Harding, R.M., Maiden, M.C. (2003). Genetic diversity of
Campylobacter jejuni isolates from farm animals and the farm environment. Appl
Environ Microbiol 69, 7409-7413.
2. Karenlampi, R., Rautelin, H., Schonberg-Norio, D., Paulin, L., Hanninen, M.L.
(2007). Longitudinal study of Finnish Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli isolates from
humans, using multilocus sequence typing, including comparison with
epidemiological data and isolates from poultry and cattle. Appl Environ Microbiol 73,
148-155.
330
WEST NILE VIRUS SEROSURVEILLANCE IN WILD BOARS FROM
THE EAST OF ROMANIA
Anca PÂSLARU1, Daniela POREA1, Gheorghe SAVUȚA¹ and Luanda OȘLOBANU¹
1
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Iași,
Romania
*
Keywords. seroconversion, West Nile Virus, wild boars
Introduction. West Nile Virus (WNV) is maintained in nature in an enzootic transmission
cycle between birds and mosquitoes, but it also infects many other vertebrates, including
humans and horses, in which it can induce severe neurological diseases. Seroconversion
studies proved that there are many species susceptible to WNV infection both domestic and
wild. The presence of antibodies in other species can be a proof of virus activity in certain
areas.
Aims. Taking into account that no studies had been previously made in wild boars in our
country, our aim was to assess the seroprevalence of the specific anti WNV IgG antibodies in
samples collected from two counties in the South East of Romania.
Materials and Methods. To assess WNV circulation among wild boars, 68 samples collected
from two counties in the South East of Romania (Buzău and Galați) were tested. The
collection sites were placed in 33 hunting funds: 15 from Buzău County (30 samples) and 18
from Galați County (38 samples). The presence of antibodies to WNV was investigated by a
competitive ELISA kit for the detection of anti-pr-E antibodies in multiple species (ID
Screen® West Nile Competition Multi-species).
Results. ELISA-reactive sera were identified in 43 samples from the total tested, meaning a
63.24% seroprevalence. Of these, 16 samples were from Buzău County (53.33%
seroprevalence) and 27 from Galați County (71.05% seroprevalence). The positive sera from
Buzău County were distributed in 10 hunting funds from 15 tested and in Galați County in 16
from 19 tested which underline the wide distribution of WNV in those areas.
Conclusion. In brief our results prove the circulation of West Nile virus in wild boars in two
counties from the East of Romania and point to further studies which are needed to confirm it.
Previous studies had revealed the high seroprevalence of WNV in horses and domestic birds
from the studied areas and moreover WNV neurological infection was diagnosed in humans
from Galați County. This is the first attempt to assess the seroconversion in wild boars and
due to the high percent of seroprevalence found we can assume that the infection is
maintained in those areas in a sylvatic enzootic transmission circle.
331
VIRAL INCLUSIONS IN VARANUS EXANTHEMATICUS AND
PYTHON MOLURUS BIVITTATUS
Raluca Ioana RIZAC*, Iulia Alexandra PARASCHIV, Emilia CIOBOTARU,
Georgeta DINESCU, Teodoru SOARE, Manuella MILITARU
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of
Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
*
Keywords. Burmese python, intranuclear and intracitoplasmic inclusions, Savannah monitor.
Introduction. The pathology of reptiles emerged recently in Romania. Among the main
aetiological agents, viruses play an important role, new species being currently identified.
Aims. The aim of this case report is to identify the causes of the animals’ death, and to better
understand some of the pathologies that may occur in captive reptiles.
Materials and Methods. In the Laboratory of Pathological Anatomy two adult reptiles with
no clinical signs were submitted for post-mortem diagnosis, a Savannah monitor (Varanus
exanthematicus) and an albino Burmese python (Python molurus bivittatus). Histopathology
and bacteriological examination were performed.
Results. Gross lesions seen in the Savannah monitor were sero-sanguinolent effusion in the
coelomic cavity, massive haemorrhage in the left fat pad - with traumatic involvement,
hepatic degeneration, inflammatory pulmonary oedema, and coprostasis, death occurring from
cardio-respiratory failure. Gross lesions encountered in the Burmese python consisted in serosanguinolent effusion in the celomic cavity, ulcerative stomatitis, myocardial degeneration,
granulomas in the liver and gastrointestinal tract, the gross and microscopical findings
pleading for a bacterial disease, confirmed by bacteriological exam as salmonellosis.
Microscopically, the Savannah monitor exhibited severe steatosis, endocarditis, gout in liver,
kidney and lung and intracytoplasmic and intranuclear viral inclusions in spleen, pancreas,
myocardium, lung and brain. The microscopic pathology seen in the python is dominated by
granulomas with unstructured central necrosis areas and mixed peripheral mononuclear and
heterophile infiltrate present in the heart, liver, lungs, spleen and gastrointestinal tract, with
intranuclear and intracytoplasmic inclusions of the hepatocytes.
Conclusion. The pathology of the death causing lesions in both cases was completed by
identifying intracytoplasmic and intranuclear viral inclusions, which may belong to
Paramyxoviridae and Adenoviridae families for Varanus exanthematicus, and to
Herpesviridae and Arenaviridae families for Python molurus bivittatus.
332
MILK pH AND SERUM HAPTOGLOBIN AS BIOMARKERS FOR
BITCH MAMMARY GLAND INFLAMMATIONS
1
1
Iosif VASIU, 1Marina SPÎNU, 1Mihaela NICULAE, 2Raul Alexandru POP and
1
Gheorghe Florinel BRUDAŞCĂ
Department of Infectious Disease, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine ClujNapoca, Romania
2
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary
*
Keywords. bitch, haptoglobin, mammary gland, milk, pH
Introduction. Despite the fact that lately clinicians have started to use echography when
trying to diagnose bitch mammary gland inflammations (Trasch et al., 2007), the diagnostic
protocol is based mainly on clinical examination and microbiological assays (Trasch and
Wehrend, 2008). There are few reports where milk pH and haptoglobin (Hp) had been used to
diagnose bitch mastitis (Dziecioł et al., 2006).
Aims. The aim of this study was to investigate if biophysical parameters of milk such as pH
and acute phase proteins, ie haptoglobin, have early diagnostic potential in bitch mammary
gland inflammations.
Materials and Methods. Milk pH (n= 190 samples) and Hp (n= 50 samples) from healthy
and diseased bitches were quantified using litmus paper and a commercial Haptoglobin Kit,
respectively.
Results. Milk mean pH values showed that females with Lactatio sine graviditate and with
subclinical mastitis possessed a more alkaline pH value (> 7.02) than that from clinically
healthy females, in which the mean value was 6.56, slightly more acidic. In dams showing
clinical mastitis, the pH value was alkaline (7.41). Blood biochemical assays indicated that
females with subclinical mastitis showed slightly higher levels of Hp (1.741 mg/ml) than
those with clinical mastitis (1.050 mg/ml).
Conclusion. Because undrained or infected bitch milk pH value shifts from its normal slightly
acidic value (as in healthy dams) to a more alkaline value (in subclinical mastitis, Lactatio
sine graviditate, mastitis acuta or mastitis gangrenosa), clinicians should always first direct
their empiric antibiotic therapy based on this parameter. Based on our results, Hp use as an
indicator during bitch mammary gland inflammations is very questionable.
References
1. Dziecioł M, Stefaniak T, Twardon J, Kozdrowski R (2006). Wybranewskanikimleka i
krwisukzezdrowym i chorymgruczolemsutkowym, [Chosen parameters of the milk
and blood of bitches with healthy mammary glands and those suffering from mastitis].
Med Weter 62:59-61.
2. Trasch K, Wehrend A (2008). Clinical, ultrasonographical and microbiological
investigations in inflamed canine mammary glands [Klinische, sonographische und
mikrobiologische Untersuchungen bei Hündinnen mit acuter Mastitis]. Tierärztl Prax
36(k):191-199.
3. Trasch K, Wehrend A, Bostedt H (2007). Ultrasonographic description of canine
mastitis. Vet Radiol Ultrasoun 48(6):580-584.
333
SEROPREVALENCE OF PORCINE CYSTICERCOSIS IN NORTHWESTERN ROMANIA
Ana-Maria OLELEU1,2*, Calin GHERMAN1, Andra TOMA-NAIC1 , Vasile COZMA1,3
1
Medicine, Romanian
2
Sanitary Veterinary And Food Safety Directorate (SVFSD) Cluj, Romanian
3
Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences Bucharest, Romanian
*
Keywords. Porcine cysticercosis, N-V Romania, seroprevalence.
Introduction. In Romania there are no data on the occurrence and evolution of pig
cysticercosis, the real prevalence is underestimated due to lack of accurate diagnostic tools
and the poor knowledge.
Aims. The present study was conducted to determine the seroprevalence for porcine
cysticercosis and investigating the effectiveness of serological results.
Materials and Methods. The investigation included four counties in the north-western
Romania: Bihor, Bistrita-Nasaud, Cluj and Mures. In July-December 2014 a total of 376
swine blood samples have been collected and serologically tested using an Ag-ELISA
(Enzyme Immunoassay for the qualitative determination of viable metacestodes/cysticerci).
Results. All samples analyzed met the criteria for validation. Only 24 out of 376 porcine
blood samples were positive for cysticercal antigens. The overall prevalence of porcine
cysticercosis was 6.38% (between 4.25%–11.7%) by Ag-ELISA. None of the seropositive
animals were detected by meat inspection. Therefore, there is a good possibility that the
estimated prevalence is not accurate because of the misdiagnosed or undiagnosed infections
for instance due to cross reactions with T. hydatigena or some other parasites.
Conclusion. The results demonstrate that in this region of Romania some further studies are
needed on the epidemiology of Taenia solium larvae infestation in pigs, in rural communities,
where control measures are not applied rigorously, in order to properly evaluate the scale of
the phenomenon. More research is needed to assess the real potential of Ag-ELISA
techniques.
References
1. Pierre Dorny et al. (2010). Development of harmonised schemes for the monitoring
and reporting of Cysticercus in animals and foodstuffs in the European Union 1,
scientific report submitted to EFSA
2. Sreedevi C. (2013). Diagnosis of Taenia Solium metacestode infection in pigs: a
review, Int J Vet Health Sci Res, 01(02), 09-15.
Human Resources Development Operationl Programme 2007-2013, project no.
POSDRU/159/1.5/136893”.
334
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE PREVALENCE OF ANAPLASMA
PHAGOCYTOPHILUM IN DIFFERENT AREAS OF ROMANIA
Laeish JUNKEE1*, Katerina DASKALAKI1, Ioana A. MATEI1 and Andrei D.
MIHALCA1
1
Departament of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, University of Agricultural Sciences and
Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Romania,
*corresponding author, email: [email protected]
Keywords. Anaplasma phagocytophilum, dogs, PCR, Romania
Introduction. Canine granulocytic anaplasmosis is an important tick-borne disease with an
almost worldwide distribution. The importance of this disease resides in the ability of
Anaplasma phagocytophilum to infect humans and several animal species, such as domestic
dogs, livestock, rodents and wild mammals. So far, the situation in Romanian dogs is very
poorly known.
Aims. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence rate of this important canine
pathogen in different areas of Romania and the influence of altitude on it.
Materials and Methods. An epidemiological study regarding A. phagocytophilum infection
in dogs from different areas of Romania was carried out using molecular detection technique.
A total of 357 canine blood samples were collected during 2010-2014 from 10 localities, 8
counties. In order to assess the influence of altitude on A. phagocytophilum prevalence, the
samples were collected from 4 different altitude areas. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was
performed using specific primers targeting a portion of ankA gene according to a published
protocol from literature.
Results. A. phagocytophilum was identified, with a prevalence rate of 14.93% in dogs from
wetlands (95% CI: 7.40 – 25.74), 3.92% dogs from lowland areas (95% CI: 1.1-9.7), 3.03% in
hilly areas (95% CI: 0.6-8.6), 2.25% in high hilly areas (95% CI: 2.3-7.9). The difference
between areas was statistically significant, while the prevalence depending on sex, breed, and
age was similar. The highest prevalence was obtained for wetland and lowland areas,
suggesting an influence of altitude on canine granulocytic anaplasmosis. The difference in
prevalence between lowland and water land areas suggests the influence of other ecological
factors.
Conclusion. In the present research work, we highlight the risk of granulocytic anaplasmosis
in Central and Southern Romania, with a greater risk associated with southern lowland areas.
The importance of these results resides in the zoonotic potential of the canine A.
phagocytophilum strains. Further phylogenetic studies are required in order to confirm the
risk for the human population.
335
ANAPLASMA PLATYS INFECTION IN FREE-ROAMING DOGS FROM
TWO AFRICAN COUNTRIES
Ioana A. MATEI1*, Angela M. IONICĂ1, Gianluca D’AMICO1, Patrick K. YAO2, David
MODRÝ3,4,5 and Andrei D. MIHALCA1
1
Departament of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, USAMV Cluj-Napoca, Romania,
Unité de Formation et de Recherche Biosciences, Université de Cocody, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
3
Department of Pathology and Parasitology, VFU, Brno, Czech Republic,
4
CEITEC VFU, VFU, Palackého tř. 1/3, Brno, Czech Republic
5
Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, České
Budějovice, Czech Republic
2
Keywords. Africa, Anaplasma platys, carnivores.
Introduction. Anaplasma platys is a bacterium parasitic in the canine platelets, the causative
agent of canine cyclic thrombocytopenia. Usually for this pathogen a low virulence is
observed in dogs but strains from Greece, France and Israel seem to be more pathogenic.
Aims. The aim of this study was to detect the A. platys infection in two African countries.
Materials and Methods. An epidemiological study regarding A. platys infection in domestic
carnivores from different areas of Africa was carried out using molecular detection
techniques. A total of 216 canine and 22 feline blood samples were collected during 20132014 from 8 localities in Ivory Coast and 4 localities in Kenya. In order to assess the
influence of ecological factors on A. platys prevalence, the samples were collected from 4
different areas (island, coastal, lagoon and continental areas). Polymerase Chain Reaction
(PCR) was performed using specific primers targeting a portion of 16S rRNA gene. The
strains were genetically characterized by sequencing.
Results. The overall prevalence of A. platys infection in dogs was 12.04% (95% CI: 8.0217.14) and all cats were negative. A higher prevalence of infection in dogs was obtained for
Kenya (17.4%) compared to Ivory Coast (8.4%), (χ2=3.94, df=1, p<0.05). Males and females
had similar infection rate and puppies were more frequently infected (19.8/5.8%, χ2=9.8,
df=1, p<0.005). The majority of A. platys positive dogs were infested with ticks (χ2=6.7, df=1,
p<0.05). Dogs originating from island and lagoon areas were significantly more infected with
A. platys (χ2=17.2, df=3, p<0.005), suggesting an influence of climatic and ecological factors.
The isolated strains were identical or highly similar to strains from Central America and
Brazil.
Conclusion. In this research we highlight the presence of A. platys infection in both Eastern
and Western Africa.
336
NEED FOR MORPHOLOGICAL REDESCRIPTION OF THREE
SPECIES OF AFRICAN TICKS
Gianluca D’AMICO1, Ioana A. MATEI1, Angela M. IONICĂ1, Patrick K. YAO2, David
Modrý3,4,5, Agustin ESTRADA-PEÑA6, Terence FUH NEBA7, Calin M. GHERMAN1,
Andrei D. MIHALCA1
1
Department of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, USAMV Cluj-Napoca, Romania,
Unité de Formation et de Recherche Biosciences, Université de Cocody, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
3
Department of Pathology and Parasitology, VFU, Brno, Czech Republic,
4
CEITEC VFU, VFU, Palackého tř. 1/3, Brno, Czech Republic
5
Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, České
Budějovice, Czech Republic
6
Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zaragoza, Spain
7
Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK and WWF-CAR,
B.P. 1053, Bangui, Central African Republic
2
Keywords. Africa, ticks, Ixodes spp.
Introduction. Most of the African ticks were described in the middle of the last Century.
Some type specimens from the original collections are poorly preserved or even lost.
Furthermore, for certain species, the original description is based on a few specimens only,
and not all developmental stages are known. Moreover, DNA sequences of these species are
not available for phylogenetic analyses.
Aims. The aim of this abstract is to argue the imperative need for the redescription of the
three species of African ticks.
Materials and Methods. A large number of ticks were collected in 2013 and 2014, during
three different African expeditions to: Kenya, Ivory Coast and Central African Republic.
Ticks were collected from different mammal species and from the environment. They were
preserved in pure ethanol. The identification of the tick species was performed by using the
classic morphological keys if data were available. Three African species are poorly described
currently, reason why they are proposed as ideal candidates for a complete redescription by
using both morphological and molecular techniques.
Results. The three African tick species considered for redescription are Ixodes
auriculaelongae (Arthur, 1958), Ixodes aulacodi (Arthur, 1956) and Rhipicephalus camicasi
(Morel, Mouchet and Rodhain, 1976). A complete morphological redescription is needed for
both female and male adult ticks, and for each of the developmental stages. The genetic
characterization by using molecular biology techniques should include all of the following
genetical markers: 16S, 12S and coxI for all three species of ticks.
Conclusion. The contribution of the redescription of these tick species are an imperative need
because they could open a new frame on the evaluation of the pathogens of African ticks,
contributing.
337
PREVALENCE OF TRICHINELLA SPP. INFECTION IN LARGE WILD
CARNIVORES SPECIES FROM ROMANIA BETWEEN 2014 AND 2015
Ionuț MARIAN1*, Andrei Daniel MIHALCA1 and Călin-Mircea GHERMAN1
1
Department of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases. University of Agricultural Sciences and
Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
*
Keywords. Trichinella, wild carnivores, jackals
Introduction. Trichinella spp. are a widely distributed nematode species affecting a large
variety of hosts. Two major foci are identified in the natural cycle of the parasite in nature:
synanthropic and sylvatic. The sylvatic cycle includes two groups of animals: carnivores and
omnivores. Carnivorous cycle of Trichinella involves large and small species as the bear,
wolf, golden jackal, wildcat, lynx and mustelids, many of them common in Romania.
Aims. The present study aimed to establish the prevalence of Trichinella spp. infection in
large carnivores from Romania between 2014 and 2015 using the common gastric artificial
digestion method.
Materials and Methods. Out of 67 examined cadavers, 54 were golden jackals, 5 wolves, 5
wildcats and 3 Eurasian lynxes.
Results. All species have revealed Trichinella sp. infections and the prevalence was 40.0% in
wolf and wildcat, 53.7% in golden jackal respectively 66.6% in Eurasian lynx. These data
demonstrated that wild carnivores remained an important reservoir for Trichinella species in
the nature.
Conclusion. The present study reveals the importance of large carnivores as epidemiological
markers and maintenance hosts in natural cycles.
338
INFLUENCE OF LACTATION NUMBER ON SOMATIC CELL COUNT
AND MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF CELL
POPULATION IN COW MILK
Alexandra TĂBĂRAN1*, Marian MIHAIU1, Sorin Daniel DAN1, Flaviu TĂBĂRAN1 ,
Oana REGET1, Ionut Vlad CORDIŞ1 and Darius CORDEA1
1
Department of Animal Breeding and Food Safety, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
Keywords. cytomorphological, mastitis, milk, somatic cells
Introduction. Milk is a biological product which contains a large number of constituents
important for human health (Davis et al., 1983). The number of somatic cell counts (SCC) is
one of the most important parameters used to assess the hygiene state of milk as well as its
quality for processing.
Aims. The aim of this study was to evaluate the dynamics of somatic cell count in cow’s milk
according to stage of lactation and season and to morphologically characterize the cell
population in order to correlate it with the automated somatic cell count exam performed.
Materials and Methods. The method for the determination of SCC was the infrared
spectrophotometric one, using the FossomaticTC FC (Foss, Germany) apparatus. The
cytomorphological exam was made through lactocytogram method, the smear being stained
by Diff-Quick staining technique.
Results. Of the total milk samples, 26.66% were non-compliant milk samples with the EU
standards. The dynamic evolution of the parameter for the survey period of 6 lactations in
somatic cell count (SCC), showed a uniform increase, the milk being classified in the
acceptable category only in the first five lactations. During the productive life it was found
that the percentage of the milk samples classified as Class I (<200000 cells / ml) and II
(200001-400000 cells / ml) revealed a downward trend in quality associated with a significant
increase of those classified as quality class III (under the 1000000 cells / ml) and IV (1000000
cells / ml). The highest influence on the milk cell population belongs to the milk coming from
cows with chronic mastitis, due to the fact that it does not show sensorial alterations.
Conclusion. The morphological study of the cells has revealed the possibility to identify with
an accurate precision the health state (hygiene quality) of the product destined for
consumption.
References
1. Davis S.R., Hughson G.A., Bryant A.M. (1983). Differences in the extent of
mammary development between Jersey cows of high or low genetic merit.
Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production 43: 71-72.
Acknowledgments. This paper was published under the frame of European Social Found,
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/136893.
339
SENSORIAL ASSESSMENT AND POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC
HYDROCARBONS (PAHs) CONTAMINATION EVALUATION IN
SOME TRADITIONAL MEAT PRODUCTS FROM ROMANIA
Oana-Margarita GHIMPETEANU* and Constantin SAVU
University of Agronomical Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Faculty of Veterinary
Medicine, Bucharest, Romania
*
Keywords. PAHs, sensorial assessment, traditional meat products
Introduction. Out of the 4402 certified and nationally registered traditional products,
between 2005 and 2013, the highest number is owned by meat products – 1541 followed by
dairy products - 1535 and bakery products -750. Only in the first decade of 2015, 32 new
traditional meat products were registered (http://www.madr.ro/docs/ind-alimentara/produsetraditionale/RNPT-UPDATE-02.03.2015.xls). Since 2007, Romania, as an EU State Member,
is obliged to full application of European legislation on veterinary certification and official
controls on products of animal origin, including traditional ones (Gonciarov, 2014).
Foodstuffs from animal origin, including meat products with a high percentage of fat, are
potentially a source of PAHs exposure for the consumer.
Aims. The aim of the present study was to perform a short characterization of sensorial
profile and PAHs contamination in traditional meat products samples from Romania.
Materials and Methods. The meat products samples (semi-smoked sausages, kaiser) were
collected from a large meat processing plant in Romania. For all samples, sensorial
assessment (shape and dimensions, general aspect, aspect on section, smell and taste) and
evaluation of PAHs, using GC/MS/MS, was performed.
Results. For all samples, the sensorial assessment revealed normal parameters according to
the type of product. The results ranged from 0,82 ±0,17 to 25,7±5,1 µg/kg product. The
results were compared with the maximum levels, according to Commission Regulation (EC)
No 1881/2006 and all were under maximum limits.
Conclusion. Although it is known that people can ingest PAHs from animal products, the
concentrations obtained in this study showed that there is no risk for human health linked to
the consumption of meat products.
References
1. Gonciarov M., (2014), Legislatie si protectia consumatorului. Ed. Printech, Bucuresti
2. Commission Regulation (EC) No 1881/2006 setting maximum levels for certain
contaminants in foodstuffs
3. http://www.madr.ro/docs/ind-alimentara/produse-traditionale / RNPT-UPDATE
02.03.2015.xls
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
340
RISK ANALYSIS ASSESSMENT IN TWO SLAUGHTERING UNITS
FOR PIGS
Ionuţ CORDIŞ, Alexandra TĂBĂRAN, Sorin Daniel DAN, Oana REGET, Marian
MIHAIU
1
Department of Animal Production and Food Safety. University of Agricultural Sciences and Food
Safety, Romania.
*
Keywords. assessment, bacteria, load, risk
Introduction. The globalization of the food industry has lead to the increased risk of food
poisoning episodes that spread beyond our country barriers. Due to Romania’s integration
within the European Union unique market, our country has to accomplish conformity levels of
the carcasses produced. The risk analysis within the production chain has become extremly
necessary.
Aims. The aim of our study was to perform a risk analysis in two slaughtering units for pigs
and to highlight the microbiological hazards which can occur based on the analysis made.
Materials and Methods. The risk analysis was made in two slaughtering units, found within
Transylvania area. This units were selected because of their different procedures and
capacities. The slaughtering unit „A” was of high capacity and approved for intra-community
exchanges and the slaughtering unit „B” which is a small capacity unit with a limited number
of animals sacrificed.
Results. At our risk analysis we found that the slaughtering unit “A” shows important
microbiological hazards in the refrigeration and storage steps which can influence the quality
of the end product. Within the small capacity slaughterhouse “B”, there was a considerable
amount of hazards identified, among which the most severe one was the lack of tonsils
removal which might lead to a biological risk. At the evaluation of the probability of risk to
occur we have established a low probability (0-10%) within the slaughterhouse „A” compared
to high probability in case of slaughterhouse „B” (>80%).
Conclusion : The consumer exposure risk following the consumption of meat produced
by these two slaughtering units we have concluded that according to the gravity and
severity of the hazards the small unit is classified with red colour, meaning a high risk.
We recommend the revision of the godd manufacturing practices and good hygiene
practices so that the hazards identified are kept under the acceptable limits.
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/136893.
341
MICROBIOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT IN A CATTLE
SLAUGHTER UNIT
Oana REGET1, Alexandra TĂBĂRAN1*, Sorin Daniel DAN1, Ionuţ CORDIŞ1,
Marian MIHAIU1
1
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, ClujNapoca, Romania;
*
Keywords. slaughterhouse, bovine, microbiological risks
Introduction. Compositional characteristics of the bovine meat constitute a favorable
environment for pathogenic bacteria. Microbiological contamination of carcasses occurs
especially during processing steps and handling: skinning, gutting, storage and distribution to
retail units (Abdalla et. al, 2009). Beef is favorable environment for microorganisms spoilage,
for that reason, special attention should be paid to hygiene rules in obtaining carcass
microbial load as low as the legislation requires (Gill, 2000).
Aims. The aim of our research was to perform an analysis of biological risks posed by the
total number of germs, the total load of bacteria of the family Enterobacteriaceae, Salmonella
spp from a unit in Bistrita County.
Materials and Methods. The research was conducted between January and December 2013
in the Department of Inspection and Control of Food of Animal Origin in the Faculty of
Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. The methods used in this study were: SR ISO 4833/2003
for the TGC, SR ISO 21528-2/2007 for the total load of Enterobacteriaceae and SR EN ISO
6579/2003 AC /2006, for the identification of Salmonella spp
Results. The total germ count from the bovine carcasses surface, studied, ranged between
2.43 and 2.54 log ufc/cm2, the total load of bacteria in the Enterobacteriaceae family on the
carcasses taken in the study, the values were between 1.25 and 1.41 x log ufc/cm2 test results
meet the requirements REG.2073/2005; the results for carcasses studied, for the identification
of Salmonella spp are results were negative.
Conclusion. The values obtained for TGC were falling within the limits of REG. 2073/2005,
as cataloged in the category satisfactory, for the total load of bacteria in the
Enterobacteriaceae family test results meet the requirements of REG.2073/2005, the results
for carcasses studied, for the identification of Salmonella spp were negative.
References
1. Abdalla M.A, Suliman S.E., Ahmed D.E., Bakhiet A.O. (2009), Estimation of
bacterial contamination of indigenous bovine carcasses in Khartoum (Sudan), african
Journal of Microbiologiy Research vol. 3(10), pag. 882-886.
2. Gill C.O., 2000, HACCP in primary processing red meat, WoodHead Publishing,
Cambridge, pag. 81-122.
342
COMPOSITIONAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF
POULTRY MEAT OBTAINED IN THE FREE RANGE GROWTH
SYSTEM COMPARED WITH THE INTENSIVE SYSTEM
Sorin Daniel DAN*, Alexandra LĂPUŞAN, Oana REGET, Darius CORDEA,
Ionuţ CORDIŞ, Silviu VIDA and Marian MIHAIU
Department of Animal Production and Food Safety, Univesity of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăştur No. 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
*
Keywords. poultry meat, free range system, intensive system, compositional and
microbiological parameters
Introduction. Poultry meat quality is influenced by many factors, among which the most
important are the breed, growth system and feeding regime used by farmers. In the last years
there was a significant growth of poultry meat consumption, many of the consumers
preferring the traditionally raised chickens (>65 days), with a growth rate longer, without
antibiotics added to feed antibiotics (Bogosavljević-Bošković et al., 2010; Kuźniacka et al.,
2014).
Aims. The purpose of our research was to achieve a comparative study focusing on the
compositional particularities and on the microbial contamination degree of the poultry raised
in the free-range system compared to the intensive growth system.
Materials and Methods. 30 poultry meat samples were collected during January-May 2015,
of the retail network of several supermarkets in the country, represented by the pectoral and
leg muscles, which were tested in order to determine the compositional parameters and the
degree of microbial contamination. The compositional parameters (proteins, fats, water and
collagen) were determined by the automated method by using the FoodScan analyzer,
whereas the microbiological parameters (Aerobic plate count, Enterobacteriaceae count,
Salmonella and Campylobacter isolation) were determined by the classic methods.
Results. In the case of the chicken breast and legs obtained from poultry raised in traditional
system the proteins were 21.01±0.22 g%, water 68.98±0.39 g%, collagen 2.03±0.10 g% and
fats 8.26±0.47 g%. Aerobic plate count at the surface of the poultry carcasses ranged between
3.9±0.54 and 4.85±0.42 log ufc/cm2, the load of Enterobacteriaceae registered values
between 0.9±0.63 and 3.36±0.48 log ufc/cm2, without significant differences between the two
raising systems. There was no pathogenic Salmonella and Campylobacter bacteria isolated.
Conclusions. The results revealed significant results regarding compositional parameters,
with higher values in the case of the proteins, moisture, and collagen, respectively lower
values in the case of fats of poultry meat samples in the traditional system as compared to the
intensive growth system.
References
1. Bogosavljević-Bošković, S., Mitrović, S., Djoković, R., Dosković, V., &
Djermanović, V. (2010). Chemical composition of chicken meat produced in extensive
indoor and free-range systems. Afr J Biotechnol, 53, 9069-9075.
2. Kuźniacka Joanna, M. Adamski, R.Czarnecki, M. Banaszak, 2014, Results of Rearing
Broiler Chickens Under Various Systems, Journal of Agricultural Science, Vol. 6, No.
4: 19-25.
343
CORRELATIONS REGARDING MICROBIAL CONTAMINATION
LEVEL AND OXIDATIVE SPOILAGE IN FROZEN BEEF, PORK,
POULTRY MEAT AND FISH
Silviu VIDA, Marian MIHAIU, Alexandra TĂBĂRAN and Sorin Daniel DAN*
Department of Animal productions and Food safety, University of Agricultural Sciences and
3-5 Manastur Street, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
*
Keywords. oxidative spoilage, psychrotrophic bacteria, microbioal load
Introduction. Studies concerning food safety and quality of meat have increased
considerably over the past few years. Lipids oxidation represents one major cause of sensorial
changes and quality loss of meat (Addis, 1986; Min et Ahn, 2005). Also, is responsible for
reducing the shelf life, being influenced by the temperature and time of meat storage (Okolie et
Osarhiene, 2013).
Aims. of this study was represented by the assessment of oxidation spoilage processes
through determination of thiobarbituric acid (TBARS) correlated with the load and
configuration of psychotropic microflora of beef, pork, poultry and fish meat.
Materials and Methods. The research material submitted was represented by 27 samples
collected from 3 different batches of beef, pork, poultry and fish meat, purchased from the
retail network of a hypermarket from Cluj County. The samples have been carried in
isothermal bags at the Food inspection and control laboratory from FVM Cluj-Napoca, and
they have been kept at freezing temperatures (-20°C). In order to asses in dynamic the
oxidative spoilage processes, there have been carried out 3 analyses during the experiment:
July 2014, December 2014 and May 2015.
Results. From the research of the give results regarding the oxidative processes it has been
determinated in the meat samples that the tiobarbituric acid (TBARS) represented in
dynamics an ascendent evolution, the highest values being in poultry in the first day of the
experiment 14.4±0.4 and 19.74±1.16 nmol/100 g malondialdehide. The microbial load of
meat samples presented a descendent evolution during the storage at -20ºC, from 4.9±0.31 log
ufc/g at the beginning of the experiment to 4.1±0.26 log ufc/g in the last day. The
psyhrotrohic microflora from the meat samples was dominated by negative Gram bacili,
mostly from Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter.
References
1. Addis P.B., 1986, Occurrence of lipid peroxidation products in foods. Food Chem.
Toxicol. 24: 1021-1030.
2. Min, B., D. U. Ahn 2005, Mechanism of lipid peroxidation in meat and meat productsA review. Food Science and Biotechnology, 14, 152-163.
3. Okolie N. P., Osarhiene T., 2013, A comparative study of malondialdehyde contents
of some meat and fish samples processed by different methods.
344
PERICARDIAL CLOSURE DEFECT WITH ATRIAL HERNIATION IN
AN ADULT DOG: A CASE REPORT
Radu Andrei BAISAN, Cristina Magdalena BARBAZAN, Oana BÎRSAN,
Vasile VULPE
Department of Clinics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, USAMV Iasi, Romania.
*
Keywords. dog, heart, pericardial closure defect
Introduction. Pericardial closure defect is a rare pathology in both veterinary and human
medicine. It has been described as single or multiple closing defects, right or left sided, or
total pericardial absence. The aim of the study was to describe an uncommon cardiac
pathology in a geriatric dog represented by a pericardial tear with the right auricular hernia
and incarceration and to raise hypothesis of the etiology of the pathological findings.
Material and method: A 16 years old male German shepherd dog was referred to the
teaching hospital of our Veterinary Medicine Faculty with dyspnea and congestive heart
failure. Clinical examination, thoracic X-ray, electrocardiography and necropsy have been
performed.
Results. Clinical examination showed cyanotic mucous membranes and severe respiratory
restrain. Auscultation revealed a left apexian systolic murmur of 5/6 intensity. The femoral
pulse was fast and arrhythmic and the ECG showed atrial fibrillation. Right lateral x-ray
showed a cranial cardiac mass with the origin within the right atrial silhouette, suggesting a
neoplastic lesion. The dog died suddenly and necropsy showed a pericardial closure defect
with the herniation of the entire dilated right atrium in the mediastinum. The heart dissection
revealed a big clot inside the right atrium. From author`s knowledge, it is the first report of a
pericardial closure defect associated with the complete herniation of the right atrium. The
margins of the pericardial orifice were fibrous, according to a traumatic origin but also a
congenital defect must be considered. Most likely, the patient’s death was due to pulmonary
embolism of a clot detached from the right atrium.
Conclusions. Hernia of the right atrium due to pericardial closure defect can lead to
misdiagnosis and should be included in the differential diagnosis of a mediastinal masses.
345
DIAGNOSTIC AND TREATMENT OF GLAUCOMA IN THE MODERN
VETERINARY PRACTICE
András DOBOS2
*
Kiséri Állatorvosi Clinic
Keywords. glaucoma, OCT, ERG, Eye-pressure
Introduction. The glaucoma is not a name of a sole disease but a collection of different
diseases. It is characterized by the decrease of the perfusion pressure of the afferent arterioles
of the optic nerve, which were cause by the risen inner eye pressure, and this leads to the
damage of the optic nerve and the loss of the field of the vision.
According to our experience the 25% of the dogs over 5 years old and 40% of the dogs over 7
years are affected by some kind of the glaucoma. The elevated inner eye pressure is not the
sole symptom of the glaucoma, but the more important marks are the ones can be detected by
Opthalmic Coherence Tomograph (OCT), Electro Retinogram (ERG), Digital Phunuds
camera. These marks can be observed in very early stage. Those diagnostic tools helped us to
realize that more cats and dogs are affected by this disease than we thought and glaucoma is
responsible for the early and the old-age blindness. Until now in the veterinary medicine the
professionals using only the eye pressure for distinguishing the animals with glaucoma while
in the human medical practice there are already existing methods for it.
Aims. We are dedicated ourselves to work out a preventive screening practice with several
modern methods to be able to find and treat the disease in an early stage to halt its
development before the serious symptoms appears.
Materials and Methods. In our clinic we posess: digital fundus camera, with which we can
observe the ocular fundus, therefore the state the of the vessels and the retina; digital slit lamp
for the examination of the corneal angle and the fundus; Tonovet for measuring the internal
eye pressure; OCT for pachymetry, corneal angle examination, calculating the surface of the
optic nerve and the cavity of it; ERG for the observing the potential of the retina during light
exposition. For surgical treatment we use 820nm supra laser with slit lamp micromanipulator
for cyclo photocoagulation aimed on the ciliary bodies, and for trabeculoplastica at the
direction of the slem canal.
Result: According to our experience there are 2 major kind of cases. In most cases the owner
gets to our clinic, because being redirected by other vets, with its dog with an inner eye
pressure 30Hgmm, vasculisation in the cornea, micro ulcers on the surface of the cornea and
there are internal micro bleeding in the retina. In the other cases as we screen for glaucoma
and we discover the marks of the early stage of the glaucoma. Both cases we treat the dogs
with the appropriate treatment and as a result the eye pressure normalize to 15-18Hgmm and
prevent the eye from the further damage.
Conclusion. After we established the right diagnosys, we can do surgical treatment. And this
prevents the over producement of the ciliary body fluid. And this leads to normalization of the
inner eye pressure.
346
THE ROLE OF ENDOSCOPY IN DIAGNOSIS OF
DIGESTIVE PATHOLOGY
Iuliu SCURTU1*, Gavril GIURGIU1, Cosmin PESTEAN2, Mircea MIRCEAN1
1
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine,
Manastur Street 3-5, 400372, Cluj Napoca
2
Departementof Anesthesiology, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine,
Manastur Street 3-5, 400372, Cluj Napoca
*
Keywords. colonoscopy, dog, endoscopy
Introduction. Nowadays endoscopy represents one of the most useful tools in the diagnosis
of digestive pathology in human beings and animals. Whether we are talking about superior
gastroscopy or colorectal endoscopy, this procedure dramatically increased diagnosis capacity
for digestive disorders in dogs and cats.
Aims. We proposed to investigate the role of endoscopy in digestive pathology diagnosis.
Materials and Methods. This paper represents our 5 years’ experience in digestive
endoscopy. During this period we performed more than 150 digestive procedures in dogs and
we diagnosed a heteromorphic digestive pathology. Animals were represented by clientowned dogs that were referred to our clinic with a suspicious of digestive pathology
Results. We diagnosed erosive esophagitis and esophageal foreign bodies, hemorrhagic
gastritis and ulcers, gastric and intestinal tumors, infiltrative enteritis, cecal intussusception,
colorectal carcinoma. It must be stressed that these diagnoses were missed using other
diagnosis tools, and we can sustain that endoscopy dramatically increases our diagnosis
capacity. Moreover in some conditions (e.g. esophageal or gastric foreign bodies) the
endoscopy was a curative method.
Conclusions. We recommend endoscopy in every case where there is a suspicion of digestive
pathology and other diagnosis tools did not reveal abnormalities. As disadvantages for
endoscopy, we mention the necessity of anesthesia in case of superior endoscopy and
procedure’ cost. We did not encounter any complications related with anesthesia or procedure
itself.
347
CONGENITAL VERTEBRAL MALFORMATIONS IN FRENCH
BULLDOGS: X-RAY VS COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY
Lucia CORLAT1*, B. BLANCO2, R. LUCENA2, P.J. GINEL2, F. MIRÓ3,
M. NOVALES2
1
2
Dep. of Semiology and Medical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, USAMV, Iasi, Romania,
Dep. of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cordoba, Spain
3
Dep. of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of
Cordoba, Spain
Keywords. Computed tomography, dog, vertebral malformations, x-ray
Introduction. Congenital vertebral malformations of the thoracolumbar area can have an
important impact in the clinical evolution of French Bulldogs due to the instability they
induce at the spinal level.
Aims. The aim of this study was to show the differences between x-ray and CT scan in
thoracolumbar vertebral malformations of the French Bulldog.
Materials and Methods. 21 French Bulldogs (13 female, 8 males), between 1–11 years, were
included in the study, 13 with clinical signs of medullar compression and 8 with other signs.
CT scans of the thoracolumbar spine were taken for 13 of these dogs (4 males, 9 females),
whereas for the other 8 (4 males, 4 females) spine x-rays were taken in orthogonal
recumbences. The x-ray study was performed on sedated dogs, in lateral/dorsal decubitus,
using an Odel model X-ray machine and digital image processing. The CT scans were taken
with the patients under general anaesthesia, in dorsal decubitus, using a High Speed Dual
device. The images have been examined in transverse, dorsal and sagittal planes, and then
have been reconstructed in 3D, using the volume rendering technique.
Results. The most frequent vertebral malformations have been: butterfly vertebra
(21vertebrae -15 dogs), ventral wedge (8vertebrae - 6dogs), lateral hemivertebra (6vertebrae4dogs) and shortened vertebrae (50vertebrae -18 dogs). The number of vertebrae affected in
one dog ranged from 0 to 9, with a mean number of 5. The x-ray represented a good
diagnostic tool for malformations in LL view, but poses problems in VD surveys, if
alterations are located in the thoracic spine, due to the superposition phenomenon. The CT
scan showed good detail in the 3 planes and presented a good chance for evaluating the
impact on the marrow, the VR model offering a chance to avoid the superposition that could
be observed on the x-rays.
Conclusion. CT scan represents a more sensible tool for the diagnosis of congenital vertebral
malformations of dogs, being able to avoid the superposition phenomenon in the VR
reconstruction of the thoracic section of the spine.
348
COMPARATIVE ASPECTS IN INTERICTAL, INTRAICTAL AND
POSTICTAL ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM IN DOGS WITH
IDIOPATHIC EPILEPSY
Gabriela-Dumitrita STANCIU, Mihai MUSTEATA, Mihaela ARMASU,
Gheorghe SOLCAN
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine / Neurology
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine ˮIon Ionescu de la Bradˮ Iasi Romania,
3-8 M. Sadoveanu Alley, 700489
Keywords. electroencephalogram, dog, idiopathic epilepsy
Introduction. Epilepsy is a chronic brain disease, of varied etiology, defined by the presence
of the seizures of definite epileptic nature and by evolutional criteria, made of their tendencies
to repeat in absence of triggering factors, known at variable intervals. The diagnosis of this
disease is based on the clinical features and electrophysiology of the brain.
Electroencephalogram (EEG) is the efficiently electrobiological test in trying to assess the
impact of epilepsy on activity of the brain.
Aims. of this study are to describe the interictal, intraictal and postictal parameters, and to
evaluate the clinical usefulness of the EEG recording in dogs with idiopathic epilepsy, using
as activation method induced sleep.
Materials and Methods. EEG was performed on 27 dogs with idiopathic epilepsy. Electrical
potentials acquisition was performed using the electroencephalograph Neurofax S, MEB
9400K Nihon Kohden. Before the test, all dogs were sedated with medetomidine
hydrochloride 30 µg/kg inj. i.m. Stainless steel needle electrodes were subcutaneously placed,
in an 8 channel bipolar montage, according to the model Redding and Knecht (1978).
Results. The visual and quantitative analysis of the electroencephalographic tracks in
idiopathic epilepsy revealed a background activity with a high instability and diversity of
aspects, as there were more discordances between the electric and clinical findings of the
epilepsy. During interictal period, in incipient cases and onset of epilepsy, the EEG alterations
were discrete, resuming to a couple of overvaulted peaks and ample lent theta waves on a
normal background track. When epilepsy had a longer evolution, the background activity
showed an intersection of slow waves with abnormally frequent waves, rich in epilpeptiform
interictal discharges like: fast spike, slow waves, poly-spike and typical or atypical spikewave complex. The intraictal period was characterized by electrical crisis, suddenly appeared
on all derivations, then intensified by neuronal recruiting phenomenon and in 2-3 seconds the
EEG anomalies spread in all brain areas, as epilpeptiform discharges became bilateral
synchronous.
Postictal EEG was characterized by a much flattened aspect of the tracks, almost isoelectric.
Conclusion. EEG gives valuable information about parameters and the severity of changes
induced by epilepsy. EEG recorded using as an induced sleep activation method is the main
way which proves the presence of an epileptic focus in the absence of clinical sings.
349
ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY
EVALUATION OF CEREBRAL BIOELECTRIC ACTIVITY IN DOGS
WITH BABESIOSIS
Madalina BRATEANU, Gabriela Dumitrita STANCIU, Mihaela ARMASU,
Mihai MUSTEATA, Gheorghe SOLCAN*
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine ˮIon Ionescu de la Bradˮ Iasi Romania,
3-8 M. Sadoveanu Alley, 700489
Keywords. babesiosis, electroencephalography, dogs, neurological signs
Introduction. Canine babesiosis is a parasitic disease characterized by a cluster of clinical
signs like: hemolytic anemia, jaundice, secondary nephritis, and occasionally neurological
disorders and gastroenteritis.
The aim of the current study is to describe short time electroencephalographic (EEG) changes
in dogs with babesiosis presenting neurological signs.
Materials and Methods. EEG examination was performed on 6 dogs diagnosed with
babesiosis and showing neurological signs (incoordination, paresis, paralysis, muscle tremor,
nystagmus, loss of consciousness, tonic-clonic epileptic seizures and coma). EEGs were
obtained via five subdermal stainless steel needle electrodes (F3, F4, O1, O2, Cz) placed as
described by Redding (1978). The parameters used for each electroencephalographic
recording were: sensitivity = 70µV/cm; time constant = 0.3 seconds; Hf = 70 Hz; Lf = 0.5 Hz;
notch filter inserted; impedance of all electrodes < 10 kΩ.
The results of the present study revealed an EEG background activity characterized by the
presence of the theta and delta rhythms, while alpha and beta waves were less encountered. In
contrast with these the background activity showed an intersection of epilpeptiform interictal
discharges (DIE) like: fast spike and atypical spike-wave complex in 2 cases, slow waves in 3
dogs and polyspikes just in one case.
Conclusion. Examining the cerebral behavior of the dogs with babesiosis presenting
neurological signs, the EEG showed epileptiform discharges in all patients.
350
ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHIC ASPECTS IN DOGS WITH
INSULINOMA. CASE REPORT
Mihaela ARMAȘU, Mihai MUSTEAȚĂ, Gabriela Dumitrița STANCIU,
Mădălina ROȘCA, Gheorghe SOLCAN*
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Ion Ionescu de la Brad Iasi,
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine / Neurology, 3-8 M. Sadoveanu,
Alley, 700489, Romania
Keywords. dog, electroencephalography, insulinoma
Introduction. Insulinomas, rare malignant functional tumors of the β cells, are the most
common pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor in dogs (1). Neurologic abnormalities are
determined by decreased neuronal glucose concentrations that cause inadequate ATP
concentrations within the cell, resulting in increased vascular permeability, vasospasm,
vascular dilatation and edema. Neurological signs include seizures, ataxia, weakness,
collapse, muscle fasciculations, bizarre behavior, depression and nervousness (2).
Aims. of this study is to describe the electroencephalographic aspects (EEG) in dogs with
neurological signs secondary to insulinomas.
Materials and Methods. EEG examinations were performed on two dogs diagnosed with
insulinoma that presented seizures and status epilepticus. EEGs were obtained via five
subdermal stainless steel needle electrodes placed as described by Redding (1978) with
reference electrode placed on the bridge of the nose. The parameters used for each
electroencephalographic recording were: sensitivity = 70µV/cm; time constant = 0.3 seconds;
Hf = 70 Hz; Lf = 0.5 Hz; notch filter inserted; impedance of all electrodes < 10 kΩ.
Results. The results of the present study revealed abnormalities in EEG background activity
and interictal epileptiform discharges (spikes, polyspikes, spike-wave complexes and slow
waves) in both dogs. EEG were dominated by waves characterized by low frequency (theta
and delta) and high amplitude without a predilection for a specific derivation.
Conclusion. Insulinoma in dogs determined modification of EEG caused by hypoglycemia.
References
1. Goutal C.M., Brugmann B.L.and Ryan K.A. (2012). Insulinoma in dogs: a review. J
Am Anim Hosp Assoc.; 48(3):151-63
2. Mooney TC and Peterson EM, (2004), In BSAVA Manual of Canine and Feline
Endocrinology Third edition, British Small Animal Veterinary Association,
Gloucester, UK
351
ANTIFREEEZE ACUTE INTOXICATION:
HEMODIALYSIS IN TWO GERMAN SHERPARD DOGS
Bogdan Alexandru VIŢĂLARU1*, Ştefăniţă Bogdan Bălăşcău1
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bucharest, România
*
Keywords. hemodialysis, dogs, intoxication, kidney, peritoneal.
Introduction. Hemodialysis (HD) is a highly effective therapeutic method employed to
remove toxic byproducts and metabolites from the body when this role can no longer be
fulfilled by the kidneys that are either permanently damaged as in chronic kidney failure, or
need time and proper treatment to recover from other diseases of the kidney itself or
pathologies that may affect the renal function as they progress.
Hemodialysis uses the dialyzer or "artificial kidney" which is the basis for renal replacement
extracorporeal therapy. Within the dialyzer, blood and dialysate are separated by a semi
permeable membrane, which allows the free passage of water and small molecules. The
movement of molecules through the membrane is mainly driven by two forces: diffusion and
convection.
Aims. The study describes the evolution and follows the dynamic of the biomarkers in 2 dogs
suffering from kidney failure, subsequent to acute intoxication with antifreeze. Both subjects
were submitted in our Centre at 28 hours after ingestion and after i.v. drip of commercial
alcohol.
Materials and Methods. Hemodialysis was performed in two dogs, brother and sister, six
months of age, using BBraun Dialog+ hemodialysis machine. Blood samples were taken from
each dog before and after the procedure and then twice in the next ten days to monitor the
ionogram, creatinine and urea levels.
Also, before starting the procedure, the patients underwent ultrasound examination to evaluate
the kidneys and to exclude other problems that would prevent this treatment. We have also
collected urine for performing an accurate urine sediment analysis.
Results and discussion: Both patients exhibited a full recovery after 5 hemodialysis sessions,
showing that the procedure was able to dialysate the toxins and to restore the renal function, a
fact proved also by the levels of metabolites involved in the clinical evolution.
Blood samples after the procedure and twice in the next ten days to reveal the ionogram,
creatinine and urea levels showed complete recovery of the renal function.
Conclusion. Hemodialysis is highly effective in the removal of ethylene glycol and its
metabolites from the blood. Hemodialysis also has the added benefit of correcting other
metabolic derangements or supporting deteriorating kidney function.
References
1. Acierno, M.J., Labato Mary Kidney Diseases and Renal Replacement Therapies, An
Issue of Veterinary Clinics: Small Animal Practice, Elsevier-Saunders, Ottawa, 2011
2. Moreau CL, Kern SW, Tomaszewski CA, et al. Glycolate kinetics and hemodialysis
clearance in ethylene glycol poisoning. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 1998; 36: 659–66.
3. Winchester JF, Boldur A, Oleru C, et al. Use of dialysis and hemoperfusion in
treatment of poisoning. In: Daugirdas JT, Blake PG, Ing TS, editors. Handbook of
dialysis. 4th edition. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer; 2007. p. 300–19.
352
POLYPROPYLENE MESH REPAIR OF A LARGE INCISIONAL
HERNIA IN A FEMALE BEAGLE DOG
Ciprian OBER*, Liviu OANA, Cosmin PEȘTEAN, Lucia BEL, Sidonia BOGDAN,
Marian TAULESCU and Cornel CĂTOI
Department of Surgical Techniques and Department of Pathology. University of Agricultural Sciences
and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
*
Keywords. dog, mesh, polypropylene
Introduction. Incisional hernia is a common complication of abdominal surgery and an important
source of morbidity. Reconstruction of large, midline incisional hernias is still a major problem in
general surgery. Reherniation rates of up to 46% have been reported after primary closure
(George and Ellis, 1986; Luijendijk et al. 2000). Polypropylene mesh is widely used for the
reconstruction of incisional hernias that cannot be closed primarily. Several techniques have been
advocated to implant the mesh. The choice of surgical technique is mainly based on the individual
surgeon’s preference. With onlay repairs, mesh is implanted more superficially and with more
undermining of adjacent skin and subcutaneous tissues than with the other methods (Tobias,
2012).
Aims. The objective of this paper was to asses the eficacy of onlay technique of fixation of a
HerniPro polypropylene mesh in a large incisional hernia in a Beagle female dog.
Materials and Methods. A 4 years female Beagle dog was admitted for evaluation of a ventral
abdominal incisional hernia after a cesarean surgery. Chronic hernia caused little discomfort to
patient and was easily diagnosed because hernial ring was easily discernible. The 11x7 cm
HerniPro mesh was placed onlay, on the anterior rectus sheath, extending 1,5 cm beyond the
borders of the defect. Healthy omentum was mobilized and spreaded out over the abdominal
viscera directly under the defect. The mesh was fixed in this place with interrupted nonabsorbable
prolene 0/3 sutures. Adjacent soft tissues were closed superficial to the mesh with 3/0 PDS suture
and the skin was apposed with nylon 3/0 sutures.
Results. The only local complication was a discrete seroma and it resolved with no treatment. No
wound infection and hernia recurrence were observed after long term postoperative. The dog was
clinically normal at 1 year postoperatively and had no evidence of abdominal discomfort.
Conclusion. Open onlay mesh repair for major incisional hernia in our case was a good choice
with excellent results postoperatively. Incisional hernia was successfully managed by the onlay
fixation technique with a minor complication in the dog included in the study. The use of
HerniPro mesh should be considered in the management of recurrent incisional hernia in dogs.
References
1. George CD, Ellis H (1986), Ann R Coll Surg Engl 68:185–7
2. Luijendijk RW, Hop WCJ, van den Tol MP, de Lange DCD, Braaksma MMJ, IJzermans
JNM, Boelhouwer RU, de Vries BC, Salu MKM, Wereldsma JCJ, Bruijninckx CMA,
Jeekel J, (2000). N Engl J Med 343:392–8.
3. Tobias KM, Johnson SA (2012) Small Animal Surgery, Saunders, Vol. 2, pag. 1377
Resources
Development
Operational
Programme
2007-2013,
project
no.
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/136893.
353
OVERVIEW OF ESOPHAGOGASTRIC ULCER IN SLAUGHETER
HOUSE – WELWARE AND BIOSECURITY MEASURES AT
COMERCIAL FARM
Jovan BOJKOVSKI1, Ana VASIĆ1, Nemanja ZDRAVKOVIĆ1,
Teodora VASILJEVIĆ2, Dragan ROGOŽARSKI3
1
University of Belgrade, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia
2
Patent-co, Belgrade, Serbia
3
Veterinary Institute, Požarevac, Serbia
Corresponding author,e.mail: [email protected]
Key words: esophagogastric ulcer, swine, slaughterhouse
Introduction. Esophagogastric ulcer occurs most commonly as an independent disease in
swine. The largest number of cases was recorded in sows and finishing pigs (Bojkovski et.al,.
2013, 2014).
Aims. The aim of our study was to determine the presence and frequency esophagogastric
ulcer in swine at slaughter house.
Materials and Methods. Our study was done at two slaughter houses. At the slaughterhouse
pigs are delivered body weight 100 to 120 kg and the age of 7-9 months. We reviewed a total
of 107 samples of stomachs that originated from male animals. We opened the stomach,
emptied of content and washed with water to the interior was available. All of the samples
were photographed. Samples were taken for histological analysis
Results. Slaughter house “A” has its own pig farm. Fattening pigs from this farm are
slaughtered exclusively in this slaughter house A. At slaughterhouse “A” we examined 103
fattening pigs and esophagogastric ulcers were diagnosed in 4 fattening pigs of body weight
from 101 to 107 kg and between 6 -7 month old. Fattening pigs were transport from very
different pigs farms to slaughterhouse “B”. At slaugher house “B” 107 fattening pigs were
examined and 21 ulcers were diagnosed. Fattening pigs had body weight from 100 to 107 kg
and were 7-9 month old.
Conclusion. Prevention is based on the exclusion of risk factors, minimization of stress and
improvement of nutrition in terms of changes in the composition and adjustment of time a
meal which is beneficial.
References.
1. Bojkovski J, Janjušević, J, Rogožarski, D, .Savić B, Stojanović D, Pavlović I,
Đedović S. (2013). Contribution to knowledge of esophagogastric ulcer by swine in
Serbia (case report) Lucrări stiinţifice medicină veterinară vol .XLVII,(4) p.17-23
Timisoara
2. Bojkovski, J.,Vasić A, Zdravković, N., Milanov D, Rogožarski, D. (2014)
Esophagogastric ulcer in pigs on comercial farms, Proceedings of the International
Symposium on Animal Science, September, Belgrade, Zemnun, Serbia pp 354-360
Aknowledgements. This research has been support by Ministry of Science, Education and
Technological development of the Republic of Serbia, project TR31071
354
Section 10: Land Measurement, Natural and Humanistic Sciences - Mathematics and Statistics, Computer
science and Multimedia, Biophysics and Agro-meteorology, Building engineering, Land improvement,
Cadastre and Irrigated crops
SECTION 10: LAND MEASUREMENT, NATURAL AND HUMANISTIC
SCIENCES - MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS, COMPUTER
SCIENCE AND MULTIMEDIA, BIOPHYSICS AND AGROMETEOROLOGY, BUILDING ENGINEERING, LAND
ELECTROCONDUCTIVITY AND pH VARIATIONS OF NUTRIENT
SOLUTION DETERMINED FOR THREE HYDROPONIC CULTURE
SYSTEMS
Silviu CORPODEANU1*, Marcel DIRJA1, Corina CATANA2 and Adela HOBLE1
1
Department of Land Measurement, Natural and Humanistic Sciences. University of Agricultural
Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
2
Department of Horticulture and Landscape. University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
*
Keywords. aeroponics, continuous-flow solution culture, medium culture, static solution culture, subirrigation
Introduction. The hydroculture is described by high yields obtainable per unit area, such as: 500-550
t/ha - tomatoes, 700-800 t/ha – cucumbers (Atanasiu, 2004). There are several different types of
hydroponics: continuous-flow solution culture (NFT), aeroponics, static solution culture (drip
irrigation); which differ in terms of design and nutrient solution distribution technique (Horgoș, 2004).
Aims. The aim of this study is to establish the plant development in hydroponic system, due to
variation of pH and electroconductivity (independent variables), among the control variable - subirrigation and rockwool as culture medium.
Materials and Methods. The biologic material used to determine the nutrient solution effects upon
plant development is Lactuca sativa (Lollo Bianco) – leaf lettuce. The types of hydroponic solution
culture used in this experiment were: aeroponics, continuous-flow solution culture (NFT - nutrient
film technique) and static solution culture (drip irrigation). The control environment variation for
nutrient solution was sub-irrigation, and the medium culture method had the variant with rockwool
culture.
Results. The pH mean of the nutrient solution in continuous-flow solution culture (NFT) is 5.81, and
the electroconductivity is 640.48 mg/l. The nutrient solution for static solution culture is described
with 5.52 pH mean, and electroconductivity mean was 662.22 mg/l. In the aeroponics system variant
the pH mean of nutrient solution was 6.44 and the electroconductivity mean was 1078.93 mg/l.
Conclusion. Empirical correlation coefficient between pH and electroconductivity is 0.23n.s. for 21
studied cases for nutrient solution in continuous-flow solution culture (NFT). The empirical
correlation coefficient is r=0,69**, for 18 studied cases for nutrient solution for static solution culture.
The empirical correlation coefficient between pH and electroconductivity of nutrient solution for
aeroponics was 0.86**, for 28 studied cases.
References
1. Atanasiu N. (2004). Tehnologia generală a culturilor legumicole "fără sol". In: CIOFU
Ruxandra et al. (2004). Tratat de legumicultură. Ed. Ceres, București.
2. Horgoș A. (2004). Exploatațiile legumicole și dotarea tehnico-materială necesară dezvoltării
intensive a legumiculturii. In: CIOFU Ruxandra et al. (2004). Tratat de legumicultură. Ed.
Ceres, București.
355
AN APPROPRIATE SOLUTION OF DESIGNING AND
ACCOMPLISHING OF A GEODETIC NETWORK FOR MONITORING
OF THE CONSTRUCTIONS
Constantin COSARCA1*, Aurel SARACIN1, Aurel Florentin NEGRILA1
and Adrian SAVU1
1
Department of Topography and Cadastre.
Faculty of Geodesy.
Technical University of Civil Engineering Bucharest, Romania.
*
Keywords. accurate measurements, compensation, displacements, stability, statistical tests.
Introduction. The current development in construction design and execution, which are
becoming larger, more complex and more precise, requires an exigent control. This is possible
to achieve - among other - by methods of Engineering Geodetic Measurements. In this area,
an important role has the determination of the accurate spatial positions of the characteristic
points of structural elements of the building, through the specific measurement methods and if possible - in a short time.
Aims. To detect possible deformations (displacement) occurring between two networks,
observed at different times, it should be performed analysis only in the remaining common
(identical) points in the interval Ti and Ti + 1. In principle, it compares the plane coordinates
and / or altitudes / heights of the network points determined at different stages and it
investigates whether they form or not congruent figures.
Materials and Methods. The materialization of geodetic network reference points for
constructions monitoring was made of concrete benchmarks. To perform the measurements in
the designed geodetic network were used modern means of measurements.: LEICA TCR
1201 total station, TOPCON DL 101C digital level, miniprisme Leica type, respectively bar
code invar rods.
Results. To demonstrate the theoretical notions presented in the research work we used the
measurements performed in a reference combined Geodetic Network, network for in time
monitoring of an important engineering construction, namely the Wastewater Treatment
Station – Glina, Bucharest. The processing of measurements was performed using specialized
software components.
Conclusion. The monitoring activity of the behavior of constructions is mandatory for all
those involved (investors, designers, executants, owners, administrators, users, experts,
specialists, responsible for monitoring the behavior of constructions). The details of the
current or special monitoring - period, methods, features and parameters followed - are
established by the designer or expert, depending on the category of importance of
constructions and other their characteristics.
356
CHANGES IN METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS AND THEIR
INFLUENCE ON THE CLIMATIC IN CLUJ NAPOCA
Horia CRIVEANU1*, Svetlana MICLE1*, Cezara MIRON1
1
Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected] , [email protected]
*
Keywords. meteorological factors, precipitation, temperature
Introduction. The research paper presents the change of value: temperature and precipitation
over a period of 50 years (1965-2014) and potential impact an local climate.
Aims. Changes in meteorological factors and their influence on the climatic
Materials and Methods. Station surrender of meteorological elements is situated on the
southern slope inside USAMV Cluj, between orchard and vineyard. The station is endowed
with 11 sensors: rain gauge, vane, anemometer, air temperature, air humidity, the number of
droplets on the leaves, solar radiation, soil temperature and soil moisture sensors situated 3
different depths.
Receiving data is from 15 to 15 minutes to the central unit which is attached and software of
processing data. Data processing was made with program addVANTAGE.
Results. Increasing air temperature and lack of rainfall for longer periods 1-2 weeks let to the
installation drought has had an impact an agricultural production and quality of life.
Conclusion. Be noticed existence of very dry year with rainfall values close to 50% of the
multiannual average temperature and very high values. However there is not usually
chronological observation of these anomalies.
Changes in meteorological elements which are subject to a specific timeline, can produce
significant effects with conseguences for the whole scope of activities.
Climate change generates significant effects of increasing air temperature, wather shortages,
natural resources, reducing plant and change in ecosistems.
357
MODERN TECHNOLOGIES USED FOR COLLECTING AND
MANAGING 3D DELIVERABLES
Caius DIDULESCU1, Adrian SAVU1
1
Department of Surveying and Cadastre,
Faculty of Geodesy,
Technical University of Civil Engineering Bucharest, Romania.
*
Keywords. 3D model, point cloud, sensors, terrestrial laser scanner
Introduction. Earlier this decade, a new concept has revolutionized the method of rapid
determining spatial position of objects, this being based on 3D terrestrial laser scanning. Laser
Scanning is a new geodetic technique, whereas the geometry of a structure is measured (more
or less) completely automated and reflector less with high precision and velocity.
Aims. The first objective of the article is presenting the flow measurements using a terrestrial
laser scanner, respecting the choosing of the appropriate scanning equipment, in relation to
the goals and objectives addressed the area that will be measured, the surface scanned
material, surface complexity, the minimum feature size and scale. Another objective refers to
the reconstruction of the 3D model using terrestrial laser scanner and the surface interpolation
problem.
Materials and Methods. To perform the measurements for obtaining 3D deliverables was
used laser scanner Leica HDS3000 System. The registering and processing stages were
performed using Cyclone software. The visualization of 3D model was done with an
AutoCAD package.
Results. There are many problems regarding the managing of 3D deliverables: the complexity
of implementing it is one, and the memory required to triangulate large amounts of data is
another. This operation generates vertices, edges and faces (representing the analysed surface)
that meet only at shared edges. Finite element methods are used to discretize the measured
domain by dividing it into many small 'elements', typically triangles or quadrilaterals in two
dimensions and tetrahedral in three dimensions. An optimal triangulation is defined
measuring angles, edge lengths, height or area of the elements while the error of the finite
element approximations is usually related to the minimum angle of the elements.
Conclusion. New technologies in laser scanning have revolutionized the field of
measurements and surveying engineering and can be successfully used for surveying done in
various engineering applications and their use brings significant benefits both technically and
economically speaking.
A big difficulty at the moment is the translation and interchange of 3D data between
modelling / visualization packages. Each modelling software has always its own (binary)
format. Even if they allow exporting files in other formats, the generated 3D file often cannot
be imported in other packages. Usually the only workable export format from a CAD package
is the DXF, which has no texture, requires large storage and often produces considerable
errors.
358
RESEARCH ON EFFECTS OF ACTION ELECTRIC FIELD
HATCHING QUAIL EGGS
Anca Ioana DINU1, Florina Marta POP2, Ancuta TENTER (RADU)3 ,
Horia CRIVEANU4
Departament of Horticulture. University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, ClujNapoca, Romania
*
Keywords. eggs, electric field, incubation, quail
Introduction. Coturnix coturnix is one migratory species in Romania, in order Galliformes.
Quail eggs are recommended in dietary nutrition. The chicks hatch between 18 to 19 days.
Aims. The influence of the electric field on quail eggs in artificial incubation process.
Materials and Methods. Incubator used is the model CLEO 5, where heating is provided by
a thermostatically controlled electric resistance. Homogenization of the indoor air is made by
an propeller motor. Temperature control is ensured by an electronic circuit.
We used 50 eggs hatching quail that were subject to an electric field, as follows:
- -electric field remains constant, and changes during the expense
- exposure time remains constant, changing the electric field strength.
Eggs are placed in a single layer, and their return is done manually 180 degrees, twice a day.
Results.
After hatching process resulted in a number of different chicken hatching percent depending
on the type of experiment performed. The results obtained are sustained statistically.
Conclusion.
In research presented demonstrated that the phenomenon was hatched under the influence of
the electric field has changed, both in time and the robustness of the resulting quail chicks.
References
1. Garlic M.G., Boişteanu P.C. and Vacaru-Opriş I. (1999). Quality Indicators for
artificial hatching quail eggs. Animal Husbandry Scientific Symposium with
international participation, Iaşi : 9-10.
2. Ioniţă L. et al. (2012). A Review on Some Parameters of Environment in Youth
Intensive Raising of Japanese Quail. Scientific Papers Animal Science and
Biotechnologies 45.2 : 419-423.
3. Tsybulin O. et al.(2013). GSM 900 MHz cellular phone radiation can either stimulate
or depress early embryogenesis in Japanese quails depending on the duration of
exposure: 756-763.
359
CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING THE STABILITY OF LANDS
AFFECTED BY SALT MINING THROUGH DISSOLUTION
Raluca FĂRCAŞ1, Sanda NAŞ1, Andra PORUŢIU2, Mircea ORTELECAN3, Tudor
SĂLĂGEAN3*, Lucian DRAGOMIR4
1
Department of Land and Cadastral Measurements, Technical University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Department of Economic Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine,
3
Department of Land Measurement and Exact Science, University of Agricultural Sciences and
Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
4
Department of Sustainable Development and Environmental Engineering. Banat University of
Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Timişoara, Romania.
2
Keywords. dissolution voids, exploitation, stability, subsidence, topographic monitoring
Introduction. The study of land stability affected by salt exploitation through dissolution
with the help of probes represents a continuous concern of the research in this field, both on a
national and international level. Nevertheless, collapses of the mining voids take place all
over the world, these events representing the quantified effect of some factors that contribute
to the destruction of the overall stability of salt deposits exploited through dissolution.
Aims. The goal of this research is to study the stability of the voids created as a result of the
complex dissolution exploitation, being necessary an exhaustive approach of the
phenomenon, also with the estimation of the contribution of all factors that contribute to the
damage of the stable equilibrium of the area.
Materials and Methods. For determining the quotas of the tracking landmarks were
conducted topographic measurements using the middle geometric leveling method in order to
determine the vertical displacements of the landmarks. The interpretation of the data resulted
following the measurements was conducted using diagrams and the isolines method.
Results. At the same time with the emergence of the dissolution voids, in the salt solid an
imbalance is produced, the rocks in the proximity of the dissolution voids having the tendency
to converge in the direction of the salt solid. Therefore appear the subsidence phenomena at
the surface of the land.
Conclusion. The manifestation of subsidence phenomena (bumps, cracks, collapses, pits,
deteriorations of the constructions located in the influence areas) occurs at all salt
exploitations in Romania. The presence of such manifestations imposes performing numerous
observations, topographic monitoring and specialized studies, better said a complex
monitoring of the salt deposits affected by dissolution exploitation.
360
SUSTENABILITY AND PROPERTY TAXATION FOR INDIVIDUAL
UNITS FROM MULTISTOREY BUILDINGS
Elena – Cosmina GIUGĂ1
1
Department of Geodesy. Tehnical University of Civil Engineering,Bucharest, Romania.
Keywords. individual units, property taxation, sustainability.
Introduction. The topic of the paper is sustainability in the context of property taxation. It is
known that sustainability should be considered from three perspectives: sustainability of the
tax object (land and buildings), sustainability of the tax system itself and sustainability of the
uses to which the yield from property taxation are put.
Aims. This paper will debate the problem of sustainability of the tax object, in our case
buildings. In our example the fees for individual units (apartments) are calculated not only by
total area, but depending on the total area including the abstract common parts from
condominium and also walls.
Materials and Methods. Achieving concepts of sustainability within each of these aspects of
property taxation is important to develop a virtuous circle within the property tax itself. In this
way the tax will be spent for improving public services. This means that sustenable
communities are supported by sustenable property tax that comes with significant and positive
contribution on it. The material used is represented by law 114/1996 and NCC, CPC.
Results. This article demonstrate examples showing that in some places property taxation is
unacording with laws. This calculation of the owner’s may cause many difficulties since
modification of that share is not possible. In common property every owner knows his ideal
quota established by law, but has not determined a share of his good materiality.
Conclusion. In conclusion, this article shows how this problem can be resolved in the way
that people can have a very good health, well-being and better life style. Also, those aspects
can be discussed like policy markers and relevant stakeholders for improving the sustenable
communities and the real estate resources of our country.
References
1. Karabin M. Ph.D, (2010), Rules concerned registration of the spatial objects in Poland
in the context of 3D cadaster’s requirements, Warsaw University of Technology;
2. Marian N. (2011), Tratat de Publicitate Imobiliară, Vol II - Noile Cărți Funciare,
Ediția a II-a revizuită și adăugită, Universul Juridic, Bucuresti, 159-161;
3. Plimmer F. and Mccluskey W. United Kingdom, (2011), Sustainability and Property
Taxation, 1-4.
361
FUNDAMENTAL PARAMETER METHOD APPLIED TO X-RAY LINE
PROFILE ANALYSIS
Florica MATEI1*, Nicolae ALDEA2, Marius RADA2, Simona RADA3, Ioana POP1 and
Oana1 POP
1
Department of Land Measurement and Exact Sciences, University of Agriculture Sciences and
Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Romania,
2
Department of Physics of Nanostructure Materials, National Institute for Research and Development
of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
3
Department of Physics and Chemistry, Technical University Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Kywords: Distribution functions, fundamental parameter method, crystallite size.
Introduction. Crystallite size strain effect the mechanical, electric, magnetic and optical
properties of many kind of the nanomaterials. The effects of the finite crystallite size and
lattice strain can be very well observed as the deformation in the shape of the X-ray line
profile (XRLP).
Aims. Determination of the best values of the crystallite size of the nanostructued materials.
Materials and Methods. In this contribution we have used the fundamental parameter (FP)
[1,2] method to evaluate the nanostructure materials assuming a theoretical model of
experimental XRLP.
Results. In this contribution we have used various distribution functions such as normal,
lognormal, Gumbel, Maxwell and Student. The best values of the crystallite size of
nanostructued materials are chosen by analysis of root mean squares of residuals and by
correlation matrix of the fit parameters. The entire procedure was implemented in the GnuPlot
script.
Conclusions. The fundamental parameter method can be considered one of the best algorithm
for crystallites size determination because it can use a large variety of probability distribution
function.
References
1. Himeda A. (2012). Size strain analysis using the fundamental parameter (FP) methos,
Rigaku J, 28, (2), 11-14.
2. Langford J.I. and. Wilson A. J. C. (1978). Scherrer after sixty years: A survey and
some new results in the determination of crystallite size, J. Appl. Cryst. 11:102-113
362
ANALYSING SOLAR RADIATION IN SUCEAVA USING GIS
FUNCTIONS
Andreea MIHĂILESCU1 and Ana-Cornelia BADEA2*
1
Department of Topography and Cadastre, Technical University of Civil Engineering
Bucharest,Romania
2
Department of Topography and Cadastre, Technical University of Civil Engineering
Bucharest,Romania
*
Keywords. solar radiation, sunmap, skymap, viewshed
Introduction. Incoming solar radiation (insolation), with a continual input of 170 billion
megawatt to the earth, is the primary driver for our planet's physical and biological processes
(Geiger 1965, Gates 1980, Dubayah and Rich 1995, 1996). Variability in elevation, surface
orientation (slope and aspect) creates strong local gradients of insolation.
Aims. In this research paper we use solar analyst instruments for analysing solar radiation
components in a geographical area of Suceava. The principal aim is to analyse solar radiation
at a landscape scale to obtain solar radiation rasters, graphics and point shapefiles with global
amount of radiation.
Materials and Methods. The solar radiation analysis tools in the ArcGIS Spatial Analyst
extension enable us to map and analyze the effects of the sun over a geographic area for
specific time periods using hemispherical viewshed algoritm developed by Fu and Rich. (Rich
1999, Fu, 1999). The solar radiation tools can perform calculations for point locations or for
entire geographic areas. As input datas it were used the following shapefiles: buildings,
contours and streets.
Results. Area Solar analysis is used to calculate the insolation across an entire landscape.
Were used different time configurations for analysing solar radiation: multi-day time
configurations, special days and within-day to obtain solar radiation rasters. Solar radiation
graphics provides informations on the visibility or obstructions of the sky.
Conclusion. This study is the starting point in analyzing the effectiveness of installing solar
panels or photovoltaic systems in certain areas of a city or regional level by using short-terms
analysis of solar radiation, in building design, in choosing crop lands, in solar houses design
or in implementation of solar cadastre.
References
1. Dubayah R. and Rich P.M. (1995). Topographic solar radiation models for GIS.
Journal of Geographic Information Systems 9, 405–413.
2. Rich P. Fu. (1999). Design and Implementation of the Solar Analyst:an ArcView
Extension for Modeling Solar Radiation at Landscape Scales.
363
THE USE OF TOPOGRAPHIC MEASURING FOR THE STUDY OF
SUBSIDENCE IN THE EASTERN AREA OF VALEA JIULUI
COALFIELD
Maricel PALAMARIU1*, Mircea BELDEA2 and Ioan VOINA3
1
Department for Topography and Cadastre, University “1 Decembrie 1918” of Alba-Iulia, Romania.
2
Department for Mining Topography and Cadastre, University of Petrosani, Romania
3
Department for Topography and Cadastre, Technical Construction University of Bucuresti,
Romania.
*
Corresponding author: e-mail: [email protected]
Keywords. research, prognosis, subsidence, topography
Introduction. The research upon the influence of the underground mining upon the surface
represent a primordial preoccupation in order to highlight the moving phenomenon and to
take the required measures for the protection of the surface and its existing objectives. Thus,
the necessity of monitoring the studied phenomenon and the need for prognosis in taking
decisions for a durable development leads to the apparition and the creation of topographic
techniques and concepts for obtaining information, using the installation in the studied area of
marks to observe the deformation and the movement of the surface.
Aims. The object of this paper is the monitoring process in the East area of the coalfield in
Valea Jiului, based on observations that may be visualised, questioned and researched in
several areas from the study perimeter in order to find efficient rehabilitation and
development solutions of the area, considering the reality in the field and the effects of the
subsidence.
Materials and Methods. The documentation for the research in the present paper was made
in Compania Nationala a Huilei S.A. of Petrosani, Romania and the measuring was performed
in the eastern area of the coalfield. After processing and analysing data and information, a
comparison was made between the existing data inside the host company and the data from
the field, gathered with the method of radiation with the help of dedicated modern technology,
leading to concrete results.
Results. The results presented in our study in tables, diagrams, reports and comparisons
permit a prognosis of the influence the subsidence has upon the anthropic environment,
helping to take correct decisions, necessary to a durable development in the affected area from
the eastern part of Valea Jiului coalfield.
Conclusion. The paper highlights the fact that subsidence continues to be of large interest due
to its involvement in the problems of environmental protection and the protection of the
constructions at the surface. The research leads to the conclusion that, following observations
in the areas affected by underground exploitation, prognosis on short, medium and long time
are possible for the studied phenomenon. These prognoses have a special importance because
they can be used for future studies for a durable development of the areas affected by the
underground mining.
364
THE INFLUENCE OF ELECTRIC FIELD ON SILYBUM MARIANUM
SEED GERMINATION
Marta Florina POP 1*, Anca Ioana DINU, Radu(Tenter)Ancuta ,
Horia Radu CRIVEANU
1
Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 35 Manastur St., 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
*
Keywords. electric field, germination, Silybum marianum
Introduction. Silybum marianum is an annual or biennial plant. (Mossa et al. 1987). The
origins of Silybum marianum lie in the region of Southern Europe, the Mediterranean and
Northern Africa. Parsons, W. T. 1973.
Aims. The objective of the research were to observe the influence of electric field on Silybum
marianum seeds.
Materials and Methods. Silybum marianum seeds were exposed to electric field for three
different time intervals 15, 30, 45 minutes at a voltage of 20 V, generating an electric field
with an intensity of 2, 74 V/m. The seeds were divided in three variants of 100 seeds for each
time exposure and another variant of 100 seeds was used, remaining unexposed to electric
field, representing the control variant.
Results. At the end of the process of germination or registered positive results in the three
variants exposed to the action of the electric field. The percentage of germinated seeds
increased with values up to 10% at the variants under the influence of electric field. The best
results were recorded at the intensity of 20 V to the time 45 minutes, followed by version
exposed 15 minutes and than 30 minutes. These results are statistically sustained
Conclusion. The research conducted in the present paper indicates that the electric field has a
stimulative effect on germination process.
References
1. Mossa JS, El-Yahya MA, Al-Meshal IA. (1987). Medicinal plants of Saudi
Arabia. Riyadh:
2. Parsons, W. T. (1973). Noxious weeds of Victoria. Inkata Press, Ltd., Melbourne,
Australia. 300 pp.
3. Young, J. A., R.A. Evans, and R.B. Hawkes (1978). Milk thistle (Silybum marianum)
seed germination. Weed Science 26(4): 395-398.
365
ASPECTS REGARDING THE DELIMITATION OF THE DUMBRAVA
HUNTING GROUND, CLUJ COUNTY
Nicolae POP1, Tudor SĂLĂGEAN1*, Ioan OROIAN1, Mircea ORTELECAN1, Paul
SESTRAŞ1,2, Ioan LUPUŢ1, Cornel ARSENE3, Petru BURDUHOS1
1
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăştur 3-5,
400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Phone: +40264.596.384, Fax: +40264.593.792
2
University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Bucharest, 59 Mărăşti Blvd, District 1,
011464, Bucharest, Romania, Phone: +4021.318.25.64, Fax: + 4021.318.25.67
3
Technical University Cluj-Napoca, Faculty of Constructions, Memorandumului 28, 400114, ClujNapoca
*
Keywords. conversion of coordinates, geodetic coordinates georeferencing
Introduction. Based on the contract No.48/29.02.2012 for the management of Dumbrava
Hunting Ground, covering 10244 hectares, between Territorial Inspectorate for Forestry and
Hunting Cluj-Napoca and the Environment Association, Hunting and Fishing "Pro
Environment" Cluj-Napoca, it was determined the management over a period of 10 years.
Because of the inconsistencies between the description of the boundaries in the fund file and
the marking according to the sketch, differences emerged on the field between the hunting
grounds.
Aims. The delimitation of the hunting ground No.46 Dumbrava and real estimation of the
surface managed within the Environment Association, Hunting and Fishing "Pro
environment" Cluj-Napoca.
Materials and Methods. Based on the National Network of GNSS Permanent Stations (RNSGP), uniformly distributed throughout the country, with the average distance between
stations of about 70 km, it was decided to use the GNSS technology in establishing milestone
limits for the Dumbrava Hunting Ground. When making the measurements on the limits of
the hunting ground, the Magellan 210 receiver was used, using the rapid static method.
Geodetic coordinates obtained from the field measurements were converted into Stereo 1970
coordinated by constant coefficients method.
Results. Geodetic coordinates of the contour points, related to the hunting ground No.46
Dumbrava were determined with an accuracy of 3-5 m, depending on the number of received
satellites and geostationary satellites.
Conclusion. The accuracy obtained at determining the geodetic coordinates with the aid of a
single-frequency receiver, is attributed to the geostationary satellites of Wass system that
transmit to the satellites ephemeris positioning corrections. To increase the accuracy of
determining the geodetic coordinates, respectively Stereo 1970 coordinates, is imposed using
the dual frequency receivers RTK and RomPos system.
366
EFFECT OF GAMMA RADIATION ON PAULOWNIA (THUNB.)
SIEBOLD & ZUCC. STEUD . SEEDS GERMINATION PROCESS
Ancuta RADU (TENTER)*, Horia Radu CRIVEANU, Mihai VOEVOD
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3-5 Mănăștur Street, Cluj-Napoca,
Romania
*
Keywords. gamma radiation, germination index, Paulownia
Introduction. Paulownia (Thunb.) Siebold, commonly known as Princess tree, is a deciduous
tree native to Eastern Asia, particularly China. The species is a prolific seed producer, with
estimates of 2,000 tiny seeds per fruit capsule and tens of millions of seeds produced per
individual mature tree in one season. The viability of Paulownia’s seed bank remains a point
of contention. Kuppinger (2008) also cited the tiny size and small carbohydrate reserve of
Paulownia seeds as further evidence for lack of long-term viability. In the only truly in situ
experiment, Hyatt and Casper (2000) found that although Paulownia creates a large seed
bank, mortality is high. Survival rate of seeds was less than 30% after two years in the soil.
Aims. The aim of this work to highlight the effects of gamma radiation on seed germination
process of Paulownia.
Materials and metods. As biological materal has been used seeds of Paulownia. The seeds of
Paulownia sp. were obtained from the SC Paulownia Development SRL, Turda, Romania.
Irradiation of Paulownia seeds was performed using a 60Co (Cobalt 60) gamma source
(Gamma Chamber 900) in ambient conditions at the Physics Faculty, “Babeş-Bolyai”
University. The doses of exposure were different low Gy. The control Paulownia seeds were
not irradiated. Determination of seeds germination were achieved in laboratory conditions.
Results.Results obtained from irradiated seeds germination process were expressed by five
germination indices: the final germination percentage (FGP), germination index (GI), the
speed of germination (SG), mean germination time (TMG), coefficient of the rate of
germination (CRG). And the effects of low doses of seedlings by observing the changes in
the leaves.
Conclusion.The results show that seed treatment with 60Co (Cobalt 60) decreased plant
germination and growth, results that correlate with previous studies conducted.
References
1. Carpenter S.B., Immel M.J. and Smith N.D. (1983). Effect of photoperiod on the
growth and photosynthetic capacity of Paulownia seedlings. Castanea. 48(1): 13-18.
POSDRU/159/1.5/S/132765.
367
THE USE OF STATISTICAL ASSUMPTIONS AT DETERMINING THE
SUPPORT NETWORK POINTS
Tudor SĂLĂGEAN1, Paul SESTRAŞ1,2, Mircea ORTELECAN1, Dumitru ONOSE3,
Adrian SAVU3, Raluca Farcaş4, Andra PORUŢIU1
1
2
3
Technical University of Civil Engineering Bucharest, Faculty of Geodesy, Department of
Topography, Lacul Tei 122-124, District 2, 020396, Bucharest, Romania
4
Technical University Cluj-Napoca, Faculty of Constructions, Department of Land Measurements and
Cadastre, Memorandumului 28, 400114, Cluj-Napoca
*
Keywords. Standard deviation, Student distribution, Variance
Introduction. In many cases, the support network coordinate values determined at different
era vary in the limit of measurement and calculation errors. In this case, the question arose is
which of the support network points are fixed and which are displaced.
Aims. The purpose of this paper is to establish the fixed points in the case of repeated
measurements in a support network.
Materials and Methods. Based on repeated observations made in the support networks
related to hydroenergetical objectives, statistical assumptions were used to determine the
displacement points from one era to another and the normality of their distribution.
Instrumental observations in the support network were made with high precision total
stations.
Results. Based on statistical verifications performed in the support network related to Dragan
Valley dam, from the eleven pillars, three pillars were established as fixed point. The statistics
calculated for the other pillars is greater than the statistics extracted from tables, in this sense
these pillars could not be regarded as fixed points.
Conclusion. Because of the low support network point displacements from one era to
another, the determination of the pillars stability can be achieved only by statistical tests. The
stability verification of support networks is extremely important because if the azimuthal
measurements of the tracking marks placed on the monitored objective station are performed
in displaced points, then the tracking marks coordinate values will be inaccurate.
368
ASPECTS REGARDING THE USE OF TOPOGRAPHIC
MEASUREMENTS FOR MONITORING DRAGAN VALLEY DAM
Paul SESTRAŞ1,2, Tudor SĂLĂGEAN2*, Marcel DÎRJA2, Mircea ORTELECAN2,
Dan VELE3, Diana FICIOR2, Jutka DEAK2
1
2
3
Babeş Bolyai University, Faculty of Geography, Clinicilor Str. 5-7, 400006, Cluj-Napoca, Romania,
Phone: +40264. 592.214
*
Keywords. Micro-Triangulation Network, dam wall, plots
Introduction. Dragan Valley Dam is located in Cluj County near Ciucea and is built on plots
and blades in double arc. With a height of 120 m and a canopy length of 424 m, the dam is
considered the fifth largest in the country.
Aims. Determining the horizontal displacements of the tracking landmarks embedded in the
downstream face, respectively determining the vertical displacements of the landmarks
located on the crest using topographic measurements. The displacements are obtained by the
difference between the coordinates, heights determined in the current set of measurements and
initial set respectively.
Materials and Methods. To determine the horizontal displacement, a micro-triangulation
network was created in a local coordinate system, with X axis direction oriented downstreamupstream of the dam, and the Y axis to the direction of growth on left bank. Support Network
is formed of eleven pillars found on the bedrock and sixty-nine tracking markers mounted on
the downstream of the dam. Altimetric network is formed of thirty-three leveling landmarks
located on the crest and two fixed landmarks situated at the edges of the dam. Planimetric
measurements were made with a Leica TS30 total station, and the altimetric measurements
with a Leica DNA 03, which provides an accuracy of 0.3 mm / 1km double leveling.
Results. After processing the azimuthal measurements with indirect measurements method
and using statistical assumptions, pilasters I, II and VII were considered as fixed stations.
Maximum shifts in downstream were recorded at landmark R7 (-42.3 mm) and maximum was
recorded at the landmark R33.
Conclusion. Horizontal and vertical displacement values of planimetric and altimetric
landmarks, obtained after carrying out topographical observations and their processing, falls
within allowable tolerances, which shows stability in the functionality of the dam.
369
GIS APPLICATION IN LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE AND LAND
PLANNING: CREATING A WEB GIS OF THE CENTRAL PARK
SIMION BĂRNUȚIU
Paul SESTRAŞ1,2, Tudor SĂLĂGEAN2*, Marcel DÎRJA2, Mircea ORTELECAN2
1
2
*
Keywords. Digitization, Landscape, Web GIS
Introduction. Central Park Simion Bărnuțiu, older than 180 years, it is one of the main places
of recreation in Cluj-Napoca and is situated on the banks of Somes River. Because of the
importance for the municipality and increased attendance, a digital cartography can help to
better administrate the park and the GIS application and model can be useful for the
authorities and the public alike.
Aims. The digitization of the Central Park Simion Bărnuțiu using a GIS software and the
creation of a Web GIS can improve the quality of life in the city and social development. The
created GIS model integrates useful information that the interested public can use.
Materials and Methods. GIS provides digital information about real world objects, identified
by their geographical location. The digitization process was made using georeferenced
ortophoto plan of the existing park, with the purpose of creating a more accurate and reliable
map. The model was made using both raster and vector formats to help create a complex
database. The raster is composed of a matrix of cells (each cell holds a value) and the vector
data was constructed with points, lines and polygons that depict position, distance or area.
The attribute table was used to add information to the vector data. When data and GIS
functionality are made available on the Internet, the system is called a Web GIS.
Results. The added information in the attribute table can further be changed or filled. This
infomation is correlated with the position of the buildings, trees and objects on the map. In the
present case, basic data is displayed: surface and description for buildings and objectives,
species, height and diameter for the trees.
Conclusion. GIS can change the way landscape architects perceive the landscape, integrating
public information and conduct research. The created map can be loaded on the internet,
added on sites or turned into mobile phone and tablet applications making it more useful and
accessible for the public than any other form of analog map.
370
PROSPECT OF A GIS BASED DIGITIZATION AND SPATIAL
ANALYSIS OF THE UASVM CLUJ ORCHARD
Paul SESTRAŞ1,2, Tudor SĂLĂGEAN2*, Marcel DÎRJA2, Mircea ORTELECAN2
1
2
*
Keywords. Digitization, GIS, Orchard
Introduction. University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca is
situated near the city center and is one of the main universities in Cluj-Napoca and one of the
top nationwide in the domain of agricultural sciences. UASVM Cluj has a large orchard in the
close vicinity that is used as an experimental base and practice for students and academic
staff.
Aims. The digitization of the UASVM Orchard using a GIS software and a case study that
illustrates the benefits of such implementation.
Materials and Methods. Geographic Information Systems and satellite data revolutionised
the perception of landscape, which further improve land and resource management. The GIS
database is the perfect solution for a better inventory of the existing fruit orchards and can
provide useful data in research. The incorporated attribute table holds information about the
cultivated species and the spatial analysis further enhances the GIS model with complex maps
and charts. The levelling curves are extremely important for the persons who work in
horticulture or landscaping because depending on the slope they can choose the appropriate
species of plants.
Results. The created map assists in problems of land-use by incorporating topographic
elements present on site (slope, exposure) and provides useful information in land planning
for the students and academic staff by evidentiating the problematic characteristics of the
terrain and soil.
Conclusion. The GIS database in the optimal solution to provide information that is the key
to planning and management. It makes the process much easier and radically improves the
way collected data is stored, interpreted and used.
References
1. Boschmanna EE, Cubbona E (2014), Sketch Maps and Qualitative GIS: Using
Cartographies of Individual Spatial Narratives in Geographic Research. The
Professional Geographer, Vol. 66, No. 2, pp 236–248.
2. Carstensen LW, Campbell JB (1991), Desktop scanning for cartographic digitization
and spatial analysis. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, Vol. 57, No.
11, pp 1437-1446.
371
THE MONITORIZATION OF LAND SLIDES WITH THE AID OF
TOPO-GEODESYC METHODS
Istvan Botond SZILAGYI1, Marcel DÎRJA1, Mihai VOEVOD2
1
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca,
Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Keywords. digital model, hazard map, monitorization, land slides.
Introduction. Land slides, are a real factor in the loss of human lives and the creation of devastating
natural disasters (May 2, 2014 – Afganistan - Badakhshan, over 350 dead according to the UN) . This
was the main reason of the study of “The monitoring of land slides with the aid of topo-geodesyc
methods”.
Aims. The objectives lie in monitoring through 4 different cycles of measurements and the analysis of
the results concerning land slides in Bistrița-Năsăud county, in 3 relevant locations, in Parva area
(Parva commune), Tarlisua area (Tarlisua commune) and the town of Nasaud. The combination of
different methods and instruments ( modern and classic) used for the gathering of measurements and
on site observations, and the establishment of certain measures and monitorization algorithms, the
creation of a GIS system concerning natural hazards and the prevention of these extremely dangerous
phenomenon, wich have impact on population and the environment.
Materials and Methods. The research methodology lies in the use of 4 monitorization methods, in the
monitorization of land slides : 3 modern (GPS, static survei method and cinematic method with double
frequencies L1/L2, and Terrestrial Laser scanner 3D) and 1 classic (topographic total station with a 2
seconds accuracy).
Results. The gathering acquired information and the comparison from a chronological point of view
and the methods/instruments used in the process, the analysis of the results, the establishment of
imposed actions for prevention/stopping of land slides in the studied areas and the protection of people
and the environment.
Conclusion. Folowing the study it will pe possible to achieve a exact and realistic observation of the
phenomenon in the studied areas, and the determination of a algorithm of frequencies and intensity of
land slides in the studied areas and the establishment of a GIS system, with the purpose of
prevention/warning the population, protection of buildings and the environment.The algorithm will be
perfectly adaptable for any areas with similar characteristics in wich land slides occur and will be able
to be used by City halls, General Inspectorate for Emergency Situations (Romanian: Inspectoratul
General pentru Situaţii de Urgenţă – IGSU), insurance companies (for the evaluation of risk in a
insurance policy, National Environment Protection Agency (through county agencies) and last but not
least educational institutions.
References
1. Ashkenazi, V., Dodson A.H., Roberts G.W. (1998). Real Time Monitoring of Bridges by GPS.
Proc. of XXI FIG Inter. Congress, Commission 5: Positioning and Measurement, Brighton,
UK, pp. 503-512.
2. GHID DE PREVENIRE A EFECTELOR ALUNECĂRILOR DE TEREN
3. http://www.monitor2.org/downloads/MONITORII_Romanian_Brochure_Prevention%20of%2
0landslides_PP6_2012.pdf
4. Ma E., Chen Y., Ding Z. (2001). Monitoring of Slope Stability by using Global Positioning
System (GPS). Proc. Inter. Symp. On Kinematic Systems in Geodesy, Geomatics and
navigation – KIS2001, Alberta, pp. 298-310.
372
STUDY REGARDING RUNOFF IN DIFFERENT SUBSTRATES FOR
GREEN ROOFS
Mihaela Simona VARVARĂ1*, Mihai VOEVOD1 and Marcel DÎRJA1
1
University of Agricultural Since and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca,
Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
*
Keywords. grass, green roof, runoff, substrate, storm water
Introduction. Without water we wouldn`t have gardens and vegetation. Our demand for
water is growing dramatically at a time when in many areas of the world its supply can no
longer be guaranteed. (Dunnett and Clayden, 2007). Control of storm water runoff from
impervious surfaces is an important national goal because of disruptions to downstream
ecosystems, water users, and property owners caused by increased flows and degraded
quality. One method for reducing storm water is to use green roofs, which efficiently detain
and retain storm water (Carter and Rasmussen, 2006).
Aims. The main aims of this study are to create the perfect substrate use on a green roof and
to retain the storm water by planting or seeding vegetation.
Materials and Methods. The experiment was conducted on the Faculty of Agricultural
Since and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca and lasted for 2 months (23.03.201521.05.2015). In 18 pots were used three different mixed types of ground substrates: perlite,
peat, expanded clay and broken tiles in different proportions. In half the pots were seeding
grass, and the other half was considering as a witness.
Results. It was found that one of the mixes substrate tested were consistent. Only after the
vegetation grow up and cover more than half the leaks was reduce to 50%, and when the
grass cover between 60-80 % the leaks were reduce to approx.70-90%. On the green roof by
seeding grass in a soil that we can do it ourselves we can detain and reduce storm water.
Conclusion. In the current research paper, we demonstrated that green roofs can be an
effective device for controlling and reducing the peak flow of runoff.
References
1. Carter T. L. and Rasmussen T. C. (2006). Hydrologic behavior of vegetated roofs,
Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA) 42(5): 1261-1274
2. Dunnett N. and Clayden A. (2007) Rain gardens managing water sustainably in the
garden and designed landscape, Timber Press, Oregon.
373
FIRST MAPS FOR THE SYSTEMATIC REGISTRATION OF
PROPERTY IN THE KINGDOM OF ROMANIA
Doina VASILCA1
1
Faculty of Geodesy. Technical University of Civil Engineering Bucharest, Romania.
Corresponding author e-mail: [email protected]
Keywords. Bonne projection, equal-area projection
Introduction. In this article we present the very first maps realised in a systematic way in
order to determine the boundaries and register the properties in the Kingdom of Romania,
namely maps at the scale 1:20,000 in the equal-area pseudoconical Bonne projection. This
projection was not applied in a uniform way for the whole territory of the country, but
differently for the area situated East of the Zimnicea meridian and the area situated West of
that meridian.
Aims. Since 1873, a new projection started to be used in the Kingdom of Romania: the
pseudoconical Bonne projection. We want to bring to the attention of specialists the method
of graphical representation used for making thes

Book of abstract 2015 final - Prospects for the Third Millennium

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