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SRI SRI LOKENATH DIVYA LEELA JOURNAL OF SRI SRI LOKENATH ASHRAM, NEW DELHI, A REGISTERED TRUST Vol. 22 February, 2013 Number 1 CONTENTS Why Paduka Utsav? Ashram News ENGLISH: Wonderful God Particles Dr. Suhas Majumdar Electromagnet Waves Dr. Lopamudra Palodhi Sarojini Naidu Dr. Hasi Banerjee Glimpses From My Learning Satya Ranjan Saha Festival Memories Gour Kanjilal Delights in Sharing Gour Kanjilal Indrani Honoured Editor .......... .......... 3 5 .......... 17 .......... 21 .......... 27 .......... 30 .......... 31 .......... 35 .......... 37 SRI SRI LOKENATH BRAHMACHARI BENGALI : & è ¬ ı µ Ú ± .......... 39 .......... 41 .......... 43 .......... 45 .......... 51 .......... 53 .......... 55 ¬ Û ”¬ ı ˛¬ ı œ ‰ ¬ S ê ¬ ı Ó ¬ π ’ ± D ± ˜ ≈fl ≈¡ ˘ ˘ ± ø ˝ √Î ¬ ˇœ › ’ Ú ≈ˆ ¬ ± ¸ ± ˝ √± ø ¬ ı w ± ôL ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛Ó ¬ À fl ¡¬ ı “± ‰ ¬ ± › øÓ̃ ¬ ±œ̆ ‰ ¬ À A ± ¬ Û ± Ò … ± ˚ Œ fl ¡¤̋ ◊√ ø ¬ ı À ¬ ı fl ¡ ± Ú µ ∑ ¸ ? ˚ ˛ √± ˙ & 5 Ú ± ˜ ¸ ± Ò Ú Î ¬ ± – ø ¬ ı Ò ≈ˆ ”¬ ¯ ∏Ì ‰ ¬ S ê ¬ ı M √π õ ∂Ì ø ˜ Œ Ó ¬ ± ˜ ± ˚ ˛ · œ Ó ¬ ± ¸ ± ˝ √± ¬ Û ¬ ı ˛˜ √˚ ˛± ˘ ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ± ˜ ? ≈¿ ‰ ¬ S ê ¬ ı M √π ’ Ê √± Ú ± ø Í ¬ fl ¡ ± Ú ± .......... 57  √µ ± √M √ Œ̋ √¬ ı ± ¬ ı ± Œ ˘ ± fl ¡ Ú ± Ô Ó ≈¬ ø ˜ ’ ±±̃ ¬ ı ˛˝ √› è̃ ± √± ˙ & 5 .......... 59 ¬ ı ± ˘ fl ¡fl ¡ ± À ˘ ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ Ô ± .......... 61 EDITORIAL BOARD Î ¬ . ’ ± q À Ó ¬ ± ¯ ∏¬ ı À µ … ± ¬ Û ± Ò … ± ˚ ˛ MkWå ch- Mh- “kekZ Founder Editor : Late Partha Sarathi Chakraborty Editor : P. K. Bandyopadhyay HINDI : vk;qosZn dh _f’k ijEijk Advent 1730 AD, Mahasamadhi 1890 AD The great Seer Brahmarshi Sri Sri Lokenath Brahmachari is Total Divinity in human form. He attained the peak of enlightenment (God realisation) at the age of 90, becoming one with God, travelled on foot thousands of miles reaching the farthest corners of the earth, in the polar region and came to Baradi (a village near Dhaka, now in Bangladesh) at the age of 136. He lived there till his Mahasamadhi in 1890 at the age of 160 years. Thousands of suffering people benefited from His love and compassion. Over a century after His leaving the mortal cage (body), He is flooding the world with His cosmic presence and healing and redeeming the suffering humanity, ultimately leading them towards God, the Existential Truth, the Spiritual Reality, through the play of His subtle divine grace. "Whenever you are in danger, whether in war or in wild forest or in ocean, do remember me, no harm shall come on you”. .......... 67 P u b l i c a t i o n O f f i c e : “ L O K E N AT H D H A M ” F-1169, Chittaranjan Park, New Delhi - 110019 Phone: 011-40523463, 26277860, 26270510 Printed by : Sharma Enterprises, 801-A, Skylark Bldg., 60, Nehru Place, New Delhi -19, Tel.: 9810158915 • Homestay • Air Tickets • Hotel Accommodation • Train Tickets • Transport • Tour Packages • Sightseeing • Palace on Wheels • Deccan Odyssey The Unforgettable Experience !!!!! Service from the Heart Personalised touch that combines smooth efficiency with India’s inborn legacy of gracious hospitality. As a part of our tradition, no request is too big or small. Share Your Passion... Revive your spirit... The search for peace, tranquillity & joy ends here. • Great quality • Amazing value • Meticulous planning • Outstanding service • India • Nepal • Bhutan • Maldives • Tibet • Srilanka A perfect partner for your travel needs -2- Why Paduka Utsav? D uring the Great Seer Baba Lokenath Brahmachari’s ‘Leela’ in Baradi, near Dhaka, capital of Bangladesh, His Ashram complex was once gutted by fire, destroying almost everything there. The Brahmachari’s disciples rushed to the Ashram from far and near with great agony and concern for the safety of the Ashram. To their surprise they found that Baba’s photograph and His personal wooden sandal’s holders were untouched by fire. The foot-rests of the sandal were burnt, though. They all decided then to rebuild the Ashram and ceremonially instal a new pair of wooden sandals. Large number of Baba’s devotees joined the ceremony and the Ashram was rebuilt and a new pair of wooden sandals were installed. Baba was then not in His mortal cage (human body). This ceremony became famous as the “Paduka Utsav”. And in many places in and outside Bangladesh the “Paduka Utsav” is celebrated with great devotion and rejoicing. The exact date when the Ashram was gutted by fire is not recorded. Last year on December 18, the “Paduka” used by Baba Lokenath was carried from Baradi via Haridwar to the Chittaranjan Park Ashram at H-1525 by some devotees of Baba. A very large number of devotees thus could pay their obeisance to Baba Lokenath and enjoy intense bliss and ecstasy. In Delhi we celebrate the “Paduka Utsav” on February 25 each yearwhen the sun is not scorching and as such devotees even from far off places can participate in the “Utsav”. Come and join us to have Baba’s grace and blessings. – Editor -3- With Best Compliments From UDAY TOURS & TRAVELS PVT. LTD. RECOGNISED BY : THE DEPT. OF TOURISM, GOVT, OF INDIA IATO - TAAI - PATA - ASTA 10/2459, Beadonpura, Karol Bagh, New Delhi-110005 Tel.: 47151515 Fax.: 91-11-28758103, 28757108 E-mail. [email protected] & [email protected] -4- ASHRAM NEWS SRI SRI LOKENATH ASHRAM A REPORT ON ITS ACTIVITIES DURING 2012-13 Sri Sri Lokenath Ashram, a socio-religious organisation , was registered in 1992 as a Charitable Trust. Since its inception it has been working for the upliftment of the poor and the needy without any discrimination on caste, creed and religion. During the year the Ashram carried out many welfare activities especially for women and children through health projects, educational projects and income generation projects . The activities of the Ashram are being carried out from its two centres in Delhi , namely, its temple in Chittaranjan Park which came into existence on 2nd June 2003 and its temple complex in Sangam Vihar which was inaugurated on 3rd March 2003. In fact the Ashram had been carrying on its welfare projects even before these two Centres were formally inaugurated. This year the Ashram has added another cap to its feather. It has acquired a room adjacent to the temple at H-1525 CR Park. This additional space will enable us to carry out our welfare projects in a better way without disturbing the serene atmosphere of Baba's temple. The Ashram will also endeavour to further increase its welfare activities for social benefit. CULTURAL PROJECTS: During the year, the Ashram has started Rabindra Sangeet classes for small children under the guidance of Smt. Soma Ghosh. There are about 8-10 children between the ages of five and eight. They are taking lot of interest and also participating in public functions. Needless to say that the temple becomes full of life when they are in the temple to attend classes. With the initiative of the lady members of the Ashram, a weekly Rabindra Sangeet class is held in our CR Park temple. It has started this year and the teacher and most of the students are senior citizens. They take lot of interest and generally do not miss this weekly meeting-cum-music class. It is a unique experience to see how so many elderly ladies are taking so much interest in their music lesson. -5- Age is no bar to learning music. Elderly music lovers getting lessons in “Rabindra Sangeet” at the Ashram. “Havan” being performed at the Ashram during “Paduka Utsav, 2012”. Puja being performed at the Sangam Vihar temple. Children learning music at the music class recently started by the Ashram. -6- HEALTH PROJECTS: The Ashram continued Its health projects including Allopathic and Homoeopathic charitable clinics in CR Park where medical aid and medicines are provided free to poor patients. This project is in operation since 1992. We have a panel of Homoeopathic and Allopathic doctors. The Ashram is able to look after so many poor patients due to honorary services being rendered by them. Following is the timing of the charitable Clinics being run from the premises of the Ashram in CR Park: Homoeopathic 10.00AM - 12.00 Noon Dr. AL Bhawal Dr.A.Karmakar Dr. SM Deb Miss Karabi Ghosh – Paramedical staff. Allopathic 5.30 PM – 7.30 PM Dr. AK Lahiri Dr.AK Datta Dr(Mrs)Dhruba Lahiri Through these clinics the Ashram provides free treatment and medicines both Allopathic and Homoeopathic to poor patients living in jhuggies in and around CR park. Large number of elderly people also come here not only for treatment but also for blood pressure check-up. From time to time the Ashram distributes iron, B-Complex and folic acid tablets and other medicines amongst students of its Primary School in Sangam Vihar and their mothers who suffer from acute malnutrition. Medicines of common ailments such as worm, eye, ear, throat, skin infections etc. are also provided free to them. The Ashram also continued with its second health project by way of providing free pathological tests, X-Rays and Ultrasound facilities to poor patients.This health project of the ashram was initiated in January 2008. Through this welfare project, the Ashram helps poor patients to get free pathological tests, XRays, Ultrasound etc. through Pathological Laboratory of GK-II Sanatam Dharam Temple. Apart from patients of the clinics of the Ashram who receive financial help for such expensive investigations, many poor patients are also referred to Ashram by local medical practitioners for such help. Instead of extending direct financial help to such poor patients for the purpose, the Ashram has tied up with Sanatan Dharam Temple in GK-II where such patients are sent for these tests and the expenses are borne by the Ashram. The Ashram proposes to extend this facility to more poor patients in coming years. -7- PRIMARY SCHOOL: The Sangam Vihar temple of the Ashram was inaugurated on 2nd March 2003. The Ashram started its welfare activities there with an adult education project for ladies. The Ashram started its Primary School in Sangam Vihar in 2002 with a small number of children. It has at present about 150 boy and girl students and five lady teachers. This year we have constructed a toilet block for these students and teachers. The Ashram incurred more than Rs. one lakh on this account. All these children belong to very poor families and they would never have gone to any formal educational institution as their parents are least interested to send them to any school. The Ashram encourages these poor street children to come to school and as incentives provide not only free education but also hooks, stationery and uniform including belts, socks, shoes etc. After studying upto Class V, these students are then encouraged to join local Higher Secondary Schools. This unique effort on the part of the Ashram has enabled many boys and girls coming from very poor background to get education instead of remaining illiterate throughout their life. The Ashram also conducts from time to time short duration adult education programmes for women and girls. This effort on the part of the Ashram has helped many women to read, write and sign their names. -8- During the foundation day celebration of the temple-cum-primary school at Sangam Vihar last March ‘Havan’ is being performed by the Ashram priest and participated by devotees. Some foreigners who came to visit the Ashram’s Primary School at Sangam Vihar seen with the School teachers. . Exercise books and study books are being distributed to our school children by a kind doner. Students of the Primary School run by the Ashram are having sumptuous lunches at the Sangam Vihar School during the foundation day celebration, 2012. -9- INCOME GENERATION PROJECT FOR WOMEN: Sewing machines being distributed to the needy at the Sangam Vihar temple during the Foundation Day Celebration to help them to earn their livelihood. -10- this event. Throughout the year they knit woollen garments and make other handicrafts which are sold in this Mela . The income earned through this effort is utilised for the welfare activities of the Ashram. The huge expenses thus incurred by the Ashram every year for its various welfare activities are met from donations received from its members and general public. No grant or financial help is received by the Ashram from the Government or any of its agencies. The Ashram, therefore, appeal to all to donate generously for its various welfare projects. All donations to Ashram are eligible for Income-tax exemption under Section 80G of the Income Tax Act. During the year, the Ashram held regularly its monthly Satsangs on every second Tuesday of the month and every fourth Saturday in its CR Park templecum-welfare centre at H-1525 CR Park. On these occasions worship of Baba Lokenath, readings from His sayings, discourses on His Leela and also readings from and disourses on the Gita take place. During the year, the Ashram also th celebrated with great enthusiasm the Paduka Utsav on 25 February, Sangam Vihar temple-cum-welfare centre foundation day function in the month of March, nd rd Mahasamadhi Day of Baba Lokenath on 2 -3 June and Janmastami, Guru Purnima, Maha Sivaratri and organised special puja/Chandi-path during Durga Puja days. Large numbers of devotees attend such functions. -11- Devotees participating at ‘Havan’ during the Paduka Utsav in February 2012. Budding painters giving final touches to their paintings at the on-the-spot painting competitin during the “Lokenath Ananda Mela” held in December 2012. -12- The Raffle organised by the Ashram during “Lokenath Anada Mela” attracts many contestants. Just before the draw of lots eager participants in the Raffle waiting with great expectations. Shri Arindam Chowdhury with some physical challenge was honoured during the “Lokenath Ananda Mela” by giving him a special prize for his enthusiastic participation at the Mela. Organisers making frequent announcements during “Lokenath Ananda Mela” (2012) to warm-up the atmosphere. Lady volunteers of the Ashram busy at different counters during the Mela. -13- More children seen busy at the on-the-spot drawing competition during the Mela 2012. The joy of a winner immediately after one Raffle result was announced. Lady members of the Ashram busy at different sales counters during “Lokenath Ananda Mela, 2012”. Some more ticket buyers eagerly waiting for the draw to begin. -14- Two Senior volunteers of the Ashram collecting donations and issuing receipts during the Paduka Utsav, 2012. Two senior lady volunteers seen guarding the drum full of the counterfoils of the lottery tickets immediately before the draw started. -15- With Best Compliments From APOLLO VOYAGES PVT. LTD. 36, Yashwani Place, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi-21 (india) Ph. : 24107979, 24105444, 26874730 Fax.: 91-11-26872517 e-mail.: [email protected] website: www.apollotourstoindia.com www.touronpalaceonwheels.com www.apollovoyages.com Member : IATO and TAAI (Recognised By Govt. Of India, Ministry Of Tourism) -16- The Wonderful God Particle That Built The Universe Dr. Suhas Majumdar There was a big excitement all over the world in July 2012 when in a huge experiment, a group of famous scientists announced that "God particle" was in deed, discovered, in their facility called "Large Hadron Collider" installed in Geneva. Although general public of India are not fully aware of it, India occupies a pride of place in search of God particle because the very basic foundation of this was laid by world famous Indian scientist Prof Satyendra Nath Bose. It was in 1920 at a young age of 26, he started working on special kinds of particles different from more common Fermi Dirac types of particle. While doing mathematical analysis of the subject, he had entered into consultations with Einstein who appreciated the research work of Prof Bose and in fact, admired him. From the beginning of human history, scientists and philosophers have been trying to solve the mysteries of formation of the universe and the concept of particles forming the materials evolved from there. Thus Indian sage-scientist Kanad postulated the theory of 'Anu' as the basic particles forming matter. Since then continuous research has resulted into discovery of more than 200 type of particles of different kind to explain different properties of matter. Scientists have now developed a standard model of particles consisting of 42 basic particles and 42 antiparticles adding to 84 fundamental particles. These particles get tied together by means of force (force particles) so that they are strongly bonded to form a rigid body. The forces acting between objects (or particles) have been found to be different depending upon the nature of interaction such as gravitational force, electromagnetic force and nuclear strong and weak force. At the time of big bang or starting point of creation of the universe, these different forces were the same but now they are different because of cooling plus expansion of the universe. The force particles have no mass (commonly called weight) and scientists have been trying hard to unify these forces as Einstein had visualized the grand unifiedfield theory of forces. In course of working on various particles, scientists have also realized that all the particles which are supposed to be bonded to form the universe, had no mass (or weight) of their own. Then how have they formed the universe from the time of Bigbang and how did they -17- obtain the bonding force without having any mass of their own? This riddle provided the background for the scientists to look for the God particle or some kind of divine hand in the formation of the universe. Since scientists have invoked God for this breathtaking discovery, let me describe a religious allegory to make the subject appear divine. It was about 14 billion years ago that the great creator Lord Brahma decided to create a very attractive and exciting universe which will not only show Divine Leela but also contain myriads of living beings to create happiness throughout the cosmos. He therefore summoned his celebrated engineer Vishwakarma and ordered him "create an attractive universe of extremely large size with enormous diversities so that it will then be the subject of research of the most intelligent beings for centuries to come". Following the orders, Vishwakarma created a unique furnace by using the "big bang" process, the temperature of the furnace rose to trillion trillion times that of the interior of the sun. This unusual phenomenon became clear later to us from the results of experiments of scientist Hubble in 1920 that finally led to the formation of "Big Bang theory" of the universe propounded by Le Maitre, Fred Hoyle and Gamow. As science progressed, it was later realized that the big bang process was a dramatically fast process created in our allegory by Vishwakarma in which within trillionth trillionth part of a second, the point mass universe underwent inflation (expansion) by trillion trillion billion times. At the incredibly high temperature, matter particles could not exits and only light or heat radiation existed. However, due to rapid expansion the temperature started falling and then primitive matter particles like quarks appeared. Thereafter, heavier particles appeared as the universe was forming. However, suddenly Vishwakarma realized that in his anxiety to create the universe rapidly, he forgot to give weight or mass to the particles and therefore, they had the risk of moving away to infinity with speed of light and universe would not form at all. So, Lord Brahma took the quick decision of crating "God particle" with heavy weight so that it could donate (or impart) mass to other particles and prevent the destruction of the universe. The advent of God particle even in science looks similar to my allegorical narration. ln 1979 a nobel prize winner scientist from our subcontinent, Prof Abdus Salaam, working in USA discovered that the electromagnetic force and nuclear weak force can be unified being different manifestations of the same force. This knowledge became very handy for a -18- famous English scientist, Prof Peter Higgs, to establish the theory of God particle or HiggsBoson particle. Higgs considered a mechanism that caused a spontaneous breakdown of symmetry Salam’s electroweak force into W and Z Bosons whose spin number is zero, just as discovered by Prof S.N. Bose. Higgs proposed the existence of a field called Higgs field, which pervades the entire universe and interacts with some particles, by which the Higgs Boson imparts masses to other elementary particles. Higgs visualized that as the universe cooled down after big bang, the Higgs field took shape. This field covers the entire universe like molasses that sticks to the otherwise massless particles and converting them into particles with mass. Thus formed the God particle according to scientific theory of Peter Higgs. This God particle is unstable and it decayed into smaller particles within fractions of a second after it decayed into smaller particles within fraction of a second after big bang, forming the universe after acquiring their mass. Even though the theoretical work on God particle has spread over a very large period of time, and all aspects were researched thoroughly, experimental verification has been done to ensure the acceptance of the particle. For this scientists attempted to recreate the conditions that existed soon after the time of big bang. The experimental set up consists of a very high energy collider of proton beams and beam of anti protons moving in opposite directions with 99.99% of speed of light. A 27 Km long very highly heat resistant special metal cylinder shaped into circular endless ring acted as the container of the beams accelerated to nearly 4 trillion electron volts (Tev). Millions of mini big bangs occurred inside the container. God particles were produced in the process and were detected by specially built detectors (Indian Scientists contributed these detectors). These detectors captured the various characteristics of the particles produced such as the masses of the particles, their energy etc. After extensive processing and rejecting noise, God particles were detected. The experiment will continue for quite some time more as a joint project of many countries including India. This mega scale science project cost has been about forty thousand crores of rupees till now and is the biggest scientific venture undertaken so far. ****** -19- With Best Compliments From VADEHRA FURNISHING Head Office : D-178, Okhla Industrial Area, Phase-I, New Delhi 110020 Phone: 011-40503600 Fax: 011-26812973 E- mail : mail @vadehrabuilders.com Registered Office : D-40, Defence Colony, New Delhi-110024 -20- Electromagnetic Waves, God’s Wonderful Gift to Us Dr. Lopamudra Palodhi, Asst. Prof. Ramjas Collage Modern research in Physics related to creation of the universe, particularly the Big Bang Theory, shows that the universe was created out of electromagnetic waves or radiation. The material world and indeed, the universe, came into being from these waves (see the accompanying article of Dr. Suhas Majumdar on God Particle). My article is in recognition of the pivotal role of Electromagnetic waves and describes their various beneficial application for humankind. We see the merciful God through these inventions. Almost daily we listen to radio, watch television, use microwave oven for cooking or use light coming from a lamp. While using have we ever thought of what these devices make use of? Interestingly, all these devices work on the same principle of ‘Electromagnetic Waves.' Electromagnetic waves are caused by the disturbance of an electromagnetic field (both electric and magnetic fields acting simultaneously.) Electromagnetic wave is produced whenever a charged particle, such as an electron, changes its velocity, i.e., whenever it is accelerated or decelerated. The energy of the electromagnetic wave thus produced comes from the charged particle and is therefore lost by it. These waves are also called "electromagnetic radiation" because they radiate from the electrically charged particles. Electromagnetic radiations are usually treated as wave motions. Something interesting about light and electromagnetic waves, in general, is that no medium is required for the wave to travel through. Other waves, such as sound waves, can not travel through a vacuum. An electromagnetic wave, although carries no mass, does carry energy. It also has momentum, and can exert pressure (known as radiation pressure). The reason that tails of comets point away from the Sun is the radiation pressure exerted on the tail by the light (and other forms of radiation) from the sun. Electromagnetic waves are used to transmit long/short/FM wavelength radio waves, and TV/telephone/wireless signals or energies. They are also responsible for transmitting energy in the form of microwaves, infrared radiation (IR), visible light (VIS), ultraviolet light (UV), X-rays, and gamma rays. -21- 1. Visible Light: Electromagnetic radiation at wavelengths which the human eye can see. We perceive this radiation as colors ranging from red(longer wavelengths; ~ 700 nm) to violet (shorter wavelengths; ~400 nm) ) or nanometers . 2. Radio Waves: Electromagnetic radiation which has the lowest frequency or the longest wavelength, and is produced by charged particles moving back and forth. The atmosphere of the Earth is transparent to radio waves with wavelengths from few millimeters to 100 meters. Radio pulses travel slowly within the ionosphere than in free space, and can be reflected from certain layers, depending on the radio wave frequency, ionosphere height, and angle of incidence. 3. Infrared Electromagnetic radiation at wavelengths longer than the red end of visible light and shorter than microwaves(roughly between 1 and 1000 microns). Almost none of the infrared portion of the electromagnetic spectrum can reach the surace of the Earth although some portions can be observed by high-altitude aircraft or telescopes on high mountaintops. 4. Ultraviolet: Electromagnetic radiation at wavelengths shorter than the violet end of visible light; the atmosphere of the Earth effectively blocks the transmission of ultraviolet light. The amount of ultraviolet radiation reaching the earth's surface depends on the distance it travels through the atmosphere 5. Microwave: Electromagnetic radiation has a longer wavelength (between 1mm and 30 cm) than visible light. Microwaves can be used to study the Universe, communicate with satellites in Earth orbit, and cook popcorn etc. 6. X-rays are very high frequency waves, and carry a lot of energy. They will pass through most substances, and this makes them useful in medicine and industry to see inside of materials. Each region of this spectrum plays an important part in our lives, and in the business involving communication technology. Some of the applications are listed below: 1 Medical Treatments Radio frequency (RF) energy has been in use in medical treatments for over 75 years. -22- 1. Magnetic resonance imaging uses radio frequency waves to generate images of the human body. In a recent research made by_ American Heart Association published in Circulation magazine showed that denervation of kidney can diminish the arterial pressure during at least six months and until one year in the patients with persistent hypertension in spite of taking multiple medications to control it. The therapy is based on a catheter passing through the kidney to denervate the kidney by passing a brief blasts of radio waves directed to the nerves that surround the kidneys to burn the nervous fabric around the renal arteries. The objective is to destroy the nerves around the kidneys that control and filter the salt through the body and they can be hyperactive in the patients with hypertension. 2. X-rays are used by doctors to see inside of people. The machines are managed by a trained X-ray technician. They pass easily through soft tissues, but not so easily through bones. We send a beam of X-Rays through the patient and onto a piece of film, which goes dark where X-Rays hit it. This leaves white patches on the film where the bones were in the way. Sometimes a doctor gives a patient a "Barium Meal", which is a drink of Barium Sulphate. This absorbs X-rays, and so the patient's intestines show up clearly on a X-Ray image. X-ray can also get a picture of human brain. The main reason why X-ray is used in diagnosis is because all substances and tissues differ in their ability to absorb X-rays. Some substances are more permeable to X-rays while some others impermeable. Owing to this difference, different tissues seem different when the X-ray film is developed. Dense tissues such as the bones appear white on a CT film while the soft tissues such as the brain or kidney appear grey. The cavities filled with air such as the lungs appear black. 2 Communication and Detection Radio waves are used for carrying information. Mobile phones, satellites, radio and TV broadcasting, cb radio, GPS, deep space research - these are just a few examples of radio wave's possible applications. 1. AM/FM Radio: When we turn on a radio we hear sounds because the transmitter at the radio station converts the sound waves into electromagnetic waves, which are then encoded onto an electromagnetic wave in the radio frequency range (generally in the range of 500- 1600 kHz for AM stations, or 86 107 MHz for FM stations). Radio -23- electromagnetic waves are used because they can travel very large distances through the atmosphere without being greatly attenuated due to scattering or absorption. Our radio receives the radio waves, decodes this information, and uses a speaker to change it back into a sound wave. 2. Remote control: Generally, there are two types of remote controls: infrared (IR), and radio frequency (RF). Infrared remote controls work by sending pulses of infrared light to a device, while RF remote controls use radio waves in much the same way. The biggest difference between the two is range. IR remote controls require a clear line of sight to the receiving device and their range reaches out at about 30 feet (9.14 meters). RF remote controls can go through walls and around corners, with a range of roughly 100 feet (30.48 meters). Most home entertainment components such as stereos, televisions and home entertainment centers use IR remote controls. The remote contains an internal circuit board, processor, and one or two Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs). When you push a button on a remote control, it transmits a corresponding code to the receiving device by way of LED infrared pulses. The idea is somewhat akin to flashing an SOS signal, but instead of letters, the Hashing LED light is transmitting a series of 1s and Os. The '1' might be represented by a long Hash, while `0' a short Hash. A receiver, built into the component, receives the pulses of light and a processor decodes the Hashes into the digital bits required to activate the function. 3. RADAR (Radio Detection And Ranging): Radar is an object detection system which uses radio waves to determine the range, altitude, direction, or speed of objects. It is also used to detect aircraft, ships, spacecraft, guided missiles, motor vehicles, weather formations, and terrain. The radar dish or antenna transmits pulses of radio waves or microwaves which bounce off any object in their path. The object returns a tiny part of the wave's energy to a dish or antenna which is usually located at the same site as the transmitter. The modern uses of radar are highly diverse, including air traffic control, radar astronomy, air-defense systems, antimissile systems; marine radars to locate landmarks and other ships; aircraft anticollision systems; ocean surveillance systems, outer space surveillance and rendezvous systems; meteorological precipitation monitoring; altimetry and Hight control systems; guided missile target locating systems; and ground-penetrating radar for -24- geological observations. High tech radar systems are associated with digital signal processing and are capable of extracting useful information from very high noise levels. 3 Household Applications: Electromagnetic waves have many household applications too. Most electrical appliances, electrical cables, transformers, hair dryers, electrical shavers, microwaves, mobile masts, cordless telephones and mobile phone utilise electromagnetic radiations. 1. Microwave Oven: Microwave oven is one of the most widely used household appliances. Most of homes and most of conveniences store and restaurants have microwave oven. The reason for its popularity is that it cooks food in an amazingly short amount of time. They are also extremely efficient in their use of electricity because a microwave oven heats only the food nothing else. A microwave oven uses microwaves to heat food. In the case of microwave ovens, the commonly used radio wave frequency is roughly 2,500 megahertz (2.5 gigahertz). Radio waves in this frequency range have an interesting property 2 they are absorbed by water, fats and sugars. When they are absorbed they are converted directly into atomic motion and motion is converted into heat. Microwaves in this frequency range have another interesting property: they are not absorbed by most plastics, glass or ceramics. This is the reason why we can simply keep the food in the container and place it inside the oven. The food gets heated up without damaging the container. 2. Heating coils(Induction heating): In the most common heating methods, a torch or open flame is directly applied to the metal part. But with induction heating, heat is actually 'induced' within the part itself by circulating electrical currents. Induction heating relies on the unique characteristics of radio frequency (RF) energy - that portion of the electromagnetic spectrum below infrared and microwave energy. Since heat is transferred to the product via electromagnetic waves, the part never comes into direct contact with any flame, the inductor itself does not get hot, and there is no product contamination. When properly set up, the process becomes very repeatable and controllable. January 4, 2013 ******* -25- With Best Compliments From Om Global Fin-Vest Services Garrage No. 43, Pkt.-D, Mayur Vihar, Ph.-II, Delhi Mob. : 9891437554 -26- Sarojini Naidu and Women`s Welfare* Dr. Hasi Banerjee, formerly Professor, C.U. The years following 1937 were of hectic political activities for India’s independence. Nothing remarkable did occur to push forward women`s movement. But Sarojini had not remained all quiet after her return from the Round Table Conference. Her concern for women’s welfare and progress was uppermost in her mind throughout her career. In 1932, in the wake of stormy debate on divorce in Allahabad, women’s organisations were fighting for securing their right to divorce. Because of her pre-occupation with struggle for independence, Sarojini could not always involve herself actively in agitation for reform of Hindu law relating to marriage and property rights of women. Nevertheless, she was quite outspoken on the subject. She questioned men’s right to polygamy. And if men neglected one wife for another, women had no reason to remain loyal to their husbands. Sarojini was all for the stability in married family life, but she too, was all for this reform when the same family life was threatened with disruption. Despite her many preoccupations in 1932, she played an important part in the opening of the Lady Irwin College for Women affiliated with Delhi University. The All-India Women’s Conference had taken the initiative for setting up a women’s college. A special committee for women who were educational experts would guide the college. At this time, Sarojini presided over a meeting of Indian Women’s Association in Madras on 11 August, 1934 and brought into focus the great strides the women`s movement had made. The Association had done admirable work since its inception in 1917. Sarojini said, ‘she and many of her colleagues in other fields could recall the Association and a tribute to the cause it represented’ that it was celebrating the seventeenth anniversary of its work on behalf of womanhood. She would not say womanhood, because the very name of the Association precluded a narrow definition. The women’s Indian Association had a wider outlook, a larger purpose and a deeper understanding. After touching on the subject of suffrage and the historic deputation and other matters, Sarojini asked : “Is there no work to be done around you? Are not the orphans crying for compassionate help? Does not the wail of the widow reach down the corridors of yesterday, but knocking upon the gates of today saying through the ages, 'Injustice has been done to us, let your generation redeem us from the slavery of our position.' Are not the illiterate women of this country calling out to you mutely, but none the less urgently? Are there not villages that need your counsel, your succor, your care and your guidance for the amelioration of their condition and the *Excerpt from the author`s book titled, “Sarojini Naidu, The Traditional Feminist” (K.P. Bagchi, Kolkata : ISBN : 81-7074-208-0) -27- satisfying of their merest elementary needs? Were there not sad little children undernourished and mentally or physically handicapped? Was there not the great Swadeshi movement asking for missionaries to dedicate their lives to the cause the symbol of which was the spinning wheel, ‘the little thread’ that Mahatma Gandhi spins and goes winding itself into a great and unbreakable rope that links the whole country in one common purpose?” Coming down to practical field, Sarojini also appealed to women to speialise in some line of work and become an indispensable unit in the progress of India. (How like the present day diversified self-employment programme for woman!). She appealed to them to become 'fitted with a pride that was progressive and dynamic' and to cast off what she said 'stupid humility'. Every woman should say to herself that in her lifetime she would see that the women of India suffered no longer from legal or social disabilities and that the blot of untouchability was wiped out. Every woman must be faithful to her trust, ‘for she was not merely the guardian of yesterday’s ideals, but the creator of tomorrow’s ideas as well.’ In the summer of 1934, Sarojini’s clarion call to women was heard when she spoke to the graduates at convocation of the Indian Women`s University in Bombay. She expounded on her favourite theme of women not being isolated in their work. ‘You shall be the vessels of liberty and unity of future India’, she cried. The object of the university was to train women in a natural manner for citizenship and responsibilities in life. True education recognised no geographical boundaries of race or creed. Educated women should creatively influence the destinies of the country. ‘Education should not be looked upon as so much knowledge in mental storerooms.’ At the ninth session of the All India Women’s Conference held in Karachi in 1934, attended by Dr. Mauda Royden and Mrs. Corbett Ashley, Sarojini dominated the scene and implored the women : 'Be one and create a family of nation,’ and held out a ‘task to perform in raising the status of their sex and building up a strong structure of love and unity.’ Various resolution were passed at the All-India Women’s Conference and an interesting one was the condemnation of war. Sarojini Naidu, at this session made some illuminating statements. ‘No Indian could be loyal to the country, ‘said Sarojini, ‘and yet be narrow and sectarian in spirit.’ ‘The ideal genius of India,’ continued Sarojini, ‘had always been inclusion, not exclusion of universal thought and culture. Once they understood the fundamental ideal preached by the world teacher of the indivisible oneness of man, they could give a mandate to the world to stop war. No matter whether it was temple or mosque, (How relevant for these days!) church or fire-shrine, let them transcend the barrier that divided man from man. They were, however, powerless to separate woman, she being the element of truth on which she founded the civilization of humanity. The second world war, the Quite India Movement (1942) and the consequential transfer of power followed as inevitable course in quick succession. During all these turbulent years Sarojini was touring the length and breadth of the country, visiting leader, seeing friends, -28- courting arrest and imprisonment and also going through the rigours of fasts along with Gandhi. The peak of her career came in March 1947 when she presided over the Asian Relation Conference. This time she was the chosen leader of Asia and not only of India as in 1925 when she had presided over the Session of India National Congress at Kanpur. As usual she wondered why ‘a mere woman’ had been chosen to occupy such an honoured place : this was so because ‘India has always honoured women.’ She continued : “I am so deeply moved when I behold this marvelous gathering of the nations of Asia. Saroini welcomed the delegates in ‘my mother’s Home. I bid you welcome so that once more you may remember your ancient greatness and so that you and we together may dream a common dream of our Asia and how one Asia can redeem the world. Asia shall not be a country of enemies. Asia shall be a country of fellowship of the world.’ The Asian Relation Conference, held at Delhi in March 1947, was the last important event before independence with which Sarojini was closely associated. When Independence came in August 1947, Sarojini poured out her soul once again: 'Oh, world of free nations, on this day of our freedom we pray for your freedom in the future. Ours has been a struggle, a dramatic struggle. It has been a struggle of heroes chiefly anonymous in their millions. She did not forget the part played by women. Sarojini once again came out full in her feminine ethos: We are reborn today out of the crucible of our sufferings. Nation of the world. I greet you in the snow, whose walls are of living seas, whose doors are always open to you. Do you seek shelter or succor, do you seek love and understanding, come to us. Come to us in faith, come to us in hope, come to us believing that all gifts are ours to give. I give for the whole world the freedom of this India, that has never died in the past, that shall be indestructible in the future, and shall lead the world to ultimate peace. Later on Sarojini became the Governer of Uttar Pradesh, then the largest province in the free and independent India. ******* -29- GLIMPSES FROM MY LEARNING IN LIFE : LIKE TO SHARE ? S.R. SAHA TAX JARGON Direct Tax, Corporation Tax, Tax on income other than corporate tax, Securities Transaction Tax (Which is longterm tax through sale of shares(STT) held for more than a year, Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT), Indirect Taxes- Custom and Excise Duty, Services Tax, Property Tax. When we ponder over our tax system we realise, India is perhaps, the most tax buredened country in the world. Never mind ! Pay Tax for the country's growth till you finish yourself to get moksha. YOUR WORTH Never be sad if sameone does not recognise your worth. Take it as their loss because people who do not value you, do not deserve to know you. HAPPIEST POINT IN ANY NEGATIVE EVENT - To apologize is the BRAVEST ACTION. - To forgive is the STRONGEST STEP. - To forget is the HAPPIEST STATE OF MIND. FORGIVENESS Forgiveness is a promise not a pious action. When you forgive other people, you also make a promise not to use their past sins or crimes against them. -30- Festival Memories - Deepavali Gour Kanjilal India is a fascinating land of festivities where each festival holds unique philosophical background and unmatched experience. These festivals reflect the life style of its people and way of celebrations. But commonness in all celebrations is that it has a lot of human touch and that makes them very lively. Diwali or Deepavali is one of them - it is not only a festival but a mix of numerous customs, traditions like wearing new cloths, playing cards, distribution and exchange of sweets, burning of crackers, lighting of lamps, Laxmi Puja, new accounts with New Year, exchange of gifts. People enjoy the time spent with friends and relatives and loved ones. Originally named Deepawali (in Sanskrit) meaning Row of Deeps (oil lamps) gradually pronounced as Diwali in Hindi meaning “festival of lights." It has got lot of historical interpretation. As by this time harvest of crops are over and no worry for food for the rest of the year, the joy is reflected with illumination of lamps. It was also thus called "RITUPARVA" in ancient time. But since then a lot of other historical incidents got connected. One thing is common. Diwali is celebrated nationwide on the Amavasya day, the 15th day of the dark fortnight of the Hindu month of Ashwin (Oct/Nov) every year to drive away darkness with light of knowledge. Different parts of India celebrate it in different ways. But main fervour is celebrations with joy and friendship. ln the North, Diwali is the day when King Rama's Coronation was celebrated in Ayudhya after his return with victory over Ravana, the demon King of Lanka. Ayodhya city was lit up to celebrate his return after 14 years of exile (return with wife Sita and brother Laxman). In the east, it is celebrated as a day for Laxmi Puja and Kali Puja, goddess of fortune and Kali goddess of Shakti respectively. Even, New account books are started on this day. Doorways are decorated with Mango leaves and Marigold flower garlands, Rangolis are drawn, oil diyas (lamps) are arranged around the house. All symbolize prosperity and are common in celebration for all, in any part of India. -31- This day is celebrated by Jains, Buddhists and Sikhs also. Diwali makes the attainment of Nirvana by Mahavira on the 15th October in 527 Bc. In Sikhism it is the day for celebration as Guru Hargobind Ji, the sixth Guru of Sikhism who was imprisoned along with 52 other followers at Fort Gwalior by Emperor Jahangir, was released. This day is known as "Bandi Chhor Divas", the day of release of detainees. The city of Amritsar with Golden Temple is illuminated and whole-day Kirtans are arranged. Buddhist celebrate this day with chanting of Buddhist hymns as on this day, Emperor Ashoka of Mauryan Dynasty, is said to have embraced to Buddhism on this day and the day celebrated as Ashok Vijayadashami and Buddhis is worshipped with full devotion and temples are illuminated. It is also celebrated as start of the Hindu New Year in North India with celebration running for five days, each day having its own significance. The first day is called "DHANTERAS" when people buy new utensils and silverware which is considered very auspicious and bring prosperity. The second day is called "Chhoti Diwali" which is normally preparation day for the big Diwali Day. The day is for exchange of gifts and greetings for each other's good health and prosperity. In Bengali houses, they celebrate Laxmi-Puja. There is a tradition of playing cards of stake i.e. with financial betting in many parts of India. The third day is the "Diwali" when the celebrations are in full swing with burning of crackers. Lightings have now got technology-supportive with electric lights illumination. Even devotional songs and cultural programmes are arranged at various clubs as social get-together, specially in West Bengal as part of Kali Puja. The fourth day is for 'Goverdhan Puja' and the Fifth day begins with "Bhai dooj" when sisters apply Tikas on the forehead of brothers and brothers reassure full support and protection to sisters. This strengthens family ties and this tradition is unique to India. The peak of Diwali is on the 3rd Diwali night. In Tamilnadu, a unique custom known as “Thalai Deepavali" is prectised when newly-weds spend their first Diwali after marriage in the brides parental home. -32- ln Gujarat, Rangolies are part of the festival and goddess Luxmi of wealth is worshipped. In Jaipur, the Diwali days are very colorful with festivities and brilliantly lit up markets. In Varanasi, the river banks are lined with oil lamps, people bathe in the river and enjoy "Ganga Arati". In Delhi the capital celebrations continue for days with Diwali Mela as special attractions. In our temple at Lokenath Ashram, special Pujas are performed. Now Diwali is celebrated in UK, USA, Singapore, Thailand ; and in Nepal it is celebrated like in India for 5 days. Diwali festival has given a big boost to Indian tourism and many groups visit India to see Diwali celebrations. The crux of the festival is triumph of good over evil and so there is universal acceptability. On this auspicious occasion, please accept my heartfelt greetings and may the Lord bestow you all with good health and prosperity. "Shri Shri Loknathya Namo Namah" May Lord bestow upon the whole universe: Shanti -Shakti - Sampatti -Souryam – Samridhi- Swasthya- Sanmaan - Sneh and Shubhashirwad. - The Author The author is a devotee of Shri Shri Lokenath Brahmachari ji and Tourism freelance journalist/Travelogue writer. For more articles of Kanjilal visit www.gourkanjilal.com -33- THOU ART THY GURU'S LOTUS FEET Sri Sri Lokenathayo Namo Namoh - Gour Kanjilal CONSULTANT TOURISM & TRAVEL PROJECTS D-708, C.R. Park, New Delhi-110019 Tel. : +91-9871261503 E-mail : [email protected] | www. Gourkanjilal.com (By Appointments only) Book Authored : Compendium of Articles on Tourism Indian Tourism Through Inner Eyes -34- DELIGHTS IN SHARING A collection by Gour Kanjilal ? He gives little who gives with a frown. He gives much who gives little with a smile. (The Talmud). ? There is no delight in owning anything unshared (Seneea). ? You give but little when you give of your possessions. It is when you offer yourself that you truly give. (Kahlil Gibran). ? Among its other benefits, giving liberates the soul of the giver. (Maya Angelou). FACTS OF LIFE FROM MY OWN EXPERINCE Gour Kanjilal Six Points to Remember ? Some people look for the perfect person to love, but they don`t realize that a person becomes perfect when you begin to love him. ? If you do not find a solution to a problem, instead of quitting, find an alternative way to look at it. ? Ideas can come from anywhere, keep your eyes and ears open to ideas from both inside and outside. ? Get the right people at right place and let them handle the job efficiently as a team. You don’t need MBA’s only to do a good job. In my Ashram (LNA) we just work as a team and bring success. Follow a culture of team spirit only. ? Key to success lies in Management: Be organized and manage with wisdom. Make a good enviroment sense, what is measured is treasured. ? You are not serving any other person. You are really serving yourself for the same “ATMA” resides in both of you. Sense of simplicity and Humanity must prevail. “SADA SUKHI BHAVO” -35- With Best Compliments From Garha Tours & Travels A/104, Atlantic Apartments, Shri Swami Samarth Nagat, Lokhandwala Complex, Andheri West, Mumbai-400 053 Tel. : 2635 0035/2635 0826/2635 2126 Telefax : 2630 1197 E-mail : [email protected]. With Best Compliments From A Complete Travel House Leisure & Pleasure International Pvt. Ltd. H. Off: 115, Somdutt Chambers-I, 5, Bhikaji Cama Place, Ring Road, New Delhi – 110066 Tel.: +91-11-55646618 Fax.: +91-11-51658569 e-mail: [email protected] B. off.: F-111, South City Arcade, South city-I, Gurgaon, Haryana – 122001 Tel.: +91-124-2580909 Fax:+91-124-5086310 E-mail.: [email protected] | www.lpitravels.com -36- Baradi Brahmachari’s Choice : Indrani Honoured again in US Dr. Indrani C. Bagchi has been honoured again in US for her contribution in the field of Reproductive Biology. A scientist by profession she is essentially a spiritual person, and she and her family have been ardent followers of Baba Lokenath Brahmachari of Baradi, Dhaka in Bangladesh for generations. As a professional she is well known in the world of medical sciences and has made significant contributions in the field of reproductive biology. She has been engaged in teaching and research in U.S. for several decades now, culminating into her recent prestigious appointment as the “Field Chair in Reproductive Biology” at the collage of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, U.S. Mrs. Billie Alexander Field was a life-long cat-lover with concerns about animal welfare. And what an interesting coincidence – Baba Lokenath Brahamhari, Indrani’s spiritual Master Himself is a great animal lover. In His Ashram at Baradi (Dhaka, Bangladesh) cats, a bull (Kalachand), dogs, tigers, snakes, crows, pigs and even ants were treated with dignity and love. A pet cat in the Ashram was in labour and was auxiously looking for a safe spot to deliver. Not being able to find one it started moving nervously in every nook and corner. Baba Lokenath understood its problem and affectionately offered his lap to the cat to deliver. With least hesitation the cat came to Him and with ease delivered her kittens there, while Baba Lokenath caressed her with great affection. On a number of other occasions Baba Lokenath showed his love and concern for the ashram animals. Indrani is lucky to have Baba Lokenath’s confidence is getting the onerous charge of the “Field Chair in Reproductive Biology” at the collage of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinios. The investiture ceremony at the collage of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois was held in the collage on September 21, 2012. -37- The citation says : “Veterinary Medicine’s role in society encompasses comparative biomedical research, environmental health, food safety and security, and the sociological implications of the human-animal bond. All these areas work together to improve lives, for people and animals. Today, divisions have scarred between human, veterinary and ecosystem health, and the philosophy of “one health” holds the brightest promise for finding lasting solutions of health problems. The idea of oneness of the human family, the animal world and the nature is revered in India as the “Adaita Philosophy” (monotheism) or Tagore’s integrated living with nature. We are happy that Indrani is in the very right place. Her citation also says : “As an educator Dr. Bagchi has mentored dozens of young scientists in reproductive biology research, and she lectures on reproductive physiology to hundreds of veterinary srudents. “Dr Bagchi completed a master’s degree at the Indian Institute of Technology and a Ph.D at the University of Nebraska, and has held positions at Baylor College of Medicine and the Population Council of Rockefeller University.” Speaking on the occasion of her Investiture Indrani said : “ A major focus of my laboratory is to investigate the harmonal pathways that regulate embryo implantation and fertility. “My research group was the first to identify a comprehensive profile of genes for which expression is either increased or decreased in the uterus in response to estrogen on pregesterone. Our current work is directed at functionally linking these genes and their pathways to the physiological and biochemical events that occur during embryo implantation.........” At this very happy moment in the professional life of Dr. Indrani C. Bagchi we congratulate her and pray to Baba Lokenath that he be always with Indrani to inspire and guide her to greater heights in life. – Editor -38- & è ¬ ı µ Ú ± ¬ Û ”¬ ı ˛¬ ı œ ‰ ¬ S ê ¬ ı Ó ¬ π Œ̋ √ˆ ¬ · ¬ ı ± Ú , Œ Ó ¬ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛¶ §¬ ı ˛+ ¬ Û ø fl ¡ ’ ± ø ˜ Ê √± ø Ú Ú ± q Ò ≈¤ fl ¡ È ≈¬ Ê √± ø Ú ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛& è̃ ”ø Ó «¬ À Ó ¬ Ó ≈¬ ø ˜ ø Ú Ó ¬ … ø ¬ ı ¬ ı ˛± ø Ê √Ó ¬ º º Œ̋ √˜ ˝ √± ¬ ı ˛± Ê √, Œ Ó ¬ ± ˜ ± À fl ¡ ˆ ¬ ø M ê √˝ √œ Ú ± ’ ± ø ˜ ¬ Û ”Ê √± fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬ ¬ Û ± ø ¬ ı ˛ø Ú , Ó ¬ ¬ ı ≈’ Ú ≈ˆ ¬ ¬ ı fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛ø  √Ó ≈¬ ø ˜ ¸ ≈µ ¬ ı ˛ø ˙ ¬ ı › Ó̧ ¬ … º º Œ Ó ¬ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛‰ ¬ ¬ ı ˛Ì ø ‰ ¬ê̋ Ò À ¬ ı ˛˚ ‡ ø Ú ‰ ¬ À ˘ ø  √ Ó ¬ ‡ ø Ú ˝ √À ˚ ˛À  √’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛Ó ¬ œ Ô «w̃ Ì º Œ Ó ¬ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛‰ ¬ ¬ ı ˛À Ì Ù ≈¬ ˘ ø √À ˚ ˛ õ ∂Ì ± ˜ fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛ø  √ ˝ √À ˚ ˛À  √’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛Ê √· i j ± Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛ √˙ «Ú º ’ ± Ê √¤̋ ◊√ Œ À̃ ‚ ˆ ¬ ¬ ı ˛± ¬ ı ¯ ∏«± ¬ ı ˛ ’ ± fl ¡ ± À ˙ ¬ ı ˛ø √À fl ¡ Ó ¬ ± ø fl ¡ À ˚ ˛ ’ Ú ≈ˆ ¬ ¬ ı fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛ø  √ Ó ≈¬ ø ˜ ø fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ¬ ı ˛± È ¬ ø fl ¡ ’ œ̧ ˜ , ø fl ¡ ˜ ø ˝ √˜ ± ˜ ˚ ˛º ¸ — ¸ ± À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ Ó ¬ √œ Ú Ó ¬ ± , fl ¡ Ó ¬ ¬ ı … ô¶ Ó ¬ ± , ø fl ¡ c Œ Ó ¬ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛˜ ”ø Ó «¬ ø ‰ ¬ ¬ ı ˛Ú ¬ ı œ Ú , ø ‰ ¬ ¬ ı ˛’ ˆ ¬ ˚ ˛, ø ‰ ¬ ¬ ı ˛˙ ± ù́ Ó ¬ º é ≈¬ ^ Œ fl ¡ ± ˘ ± ˝ √˘ ˆ ¬ ¬ ı ˛±Ú̃ ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛ Œ Ó ¬ ± ˜ ± À fl ¡ √˙ «Ú fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬ ¬ Û ± À ¬ ı ˛Ú ± º ’ ± Ê √¤̋ ◊√ ģ … ± ’ ± fl ¡ ± À ˙ ¬ ı ˛Ó ¬ ˘ ± ˚ ˛ √“± ø Î ¬ ˇÀ ˚ ˛ Œ Ó ¬ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛˙ … ± ˜ ˘ ¸ ≈µ ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛+ ¬ Û ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛ õ ∂± À Ì fl ¡ è Ì ± ¬ ı ˛¶ Û̇ «ø √À ˚ ˛Œ · º̆ ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛’ ôL À ¬ ı ˛Œ Ó ¬ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛ ‰ ¬ ¬ ı ˛Ì Œ ¬ ı ˛À ‡ “√± Î ¬ ˇ± › , ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛ ≈√– ‡ ø √À ˚ ˛Œ Ó ¬ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛ ¬ ı ˛± „ √± ‰ ¬ ¬ ı ˛Ì Ò ≈À ˚ ˛Œ √¬ ı º ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛Œ Ó ¬ ± ’ ± ¬ ı ˛ø fl ¡  ≈√Œ Ú̋ ◊√º Œ̋ √’ ±±̃ ¬ ı ˛¬ Û ¬ ı ˛˜ ø õ ∂˚ ˛Ó ¬ ˜ Œ Ó ¬ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛‰ ¬ ¬ ı ˛À Ì Œ fl ¡ ± ø È ¬ Œ fl ¡ ± ø È ¬ õ ∂Ì ±º̃ ìŒ ˜ ± ˝ √Ú ¸ ôL fl ≈¡ ø È ¬ ¬ ı ˛– ¡ Z ± ¬ ı ˛Î ¬ ◊À i j ‰ ¬ ± Ú î ¸ — ‡ … ± ¬ ı ˛Œ Ã̧ Ê √À Ú … -39- With Best Compliments From Tarun Vadehra INTERIORS FURNITURE Registered Office : D-40, Defence Colony, New Delhi-110024 India Tel.: +91-11-24622393, 24622093, 24617055, 24694660 Fax.:+91-11-24694661 www.vadehra.com -40- ’ ± D ± ˜ ≈fl ≈¡ ˘ ˘ ± ø ˝ √Î ¬ ˇœ › ’ Ú ≈ˆ ¬ ± ¸ ± ˝ √± ’ ± À ¸ Œ̋ √Ô ± ˚ ˛ø Ú Ó ¬ … , ¤̋ ◊√ fl ¡ Ô ± È ¬ ±Ó̧ ¬ … º Ô ± fl ¡ À ˘ ˙ ¬ ı ˛œ ¬ ı ˛ˆ ¬ ± À ˘ ± , ’ ± D ± ø È ¬fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛’ ± À ˘ ± º fl ¡ ± ¬ ı ˛Ì È ¬ ± ¸ ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛Ê √± Ú ± , ø ˝ √ ø̃ ¸ ˜ ‡ ± ˚ ˛ ≈√í Ê √Ú ± º ø̊ √Ú ±±̊ ˚ ˛ fl ¡ í˘ fl ¡ ± Ó ¬ ± º ¸ ± À Î ¬ ˇ‰ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛È ¬ ± ˚ ˛¬ ı g Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛‡ ± Ó ¬ ± º ø ˙ õ ∂± › ¤ À ¸ ±̊ ˚ ˛, fl ¡ Ó ¬ é ¬ Ì Ô ± fl ¡ ±±̊ ˚ ˛∑ · œ Ó ¬ ± Œ ˚ ‰ ¬ ± ˚ ˛q Ú À Ó ¬ , ¤ È ¬ ± › È ¬ ± Ê √± Ú À Ó ¬ º Ú̃ ¬ Û À Î ¬ ˇÔ ± À fl ¡¤ ‡ ± À Ú̋ ◊√, q Ò ≈¤ fl ¡ ¬ ı ± À ¬ ı ˛, Œ Ù ¬ ± À Ú À Ó ¬ ˝ ◊√º ¸ ± ø Ê √À ˚ ˛& ø  √À ˚ ˛Œ √˚ ˛‡ ± ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛, Œ ¬ ı ˛ø ¸ ø ¬ Û › Ê √± À Ú Œ √ √± ¬ ı ˛º ˜ ± í¬ ı ˛˝ √± À Ó ¬ø √À ˚ ˛È ¬ ± fl ¡ ± , Œ ‚ ± À ¬ ı ˛Œ ˚ Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛‰ ¬ ± fl ¡ ± º ‡ ≈ œ̇ À̃ Ú ’ ± À · Ò ± ˚ ˛, ¸ ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛¬ ı Î ¬ ˇŒ ¬ ı à ø √Œ ˜ ± À √¬ ı ˛ ¸ fl ¡ ± ˘ ģ … ± √± √± ¬ ı ˛ø ‰ ¬ ôL ± & ø È ¬& ø È ¬’ ± À ¸ ˘ ± ¬ ı Ú … ¸ ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛˜ ± À Á ¡’ ± À  √Œ ˚ Œ ¸ Ê √ø ˚ ˛Ó ¬ ± , √œ ¬ Û ± · ¬ ı ˛˝ √± ø Ê √¬ ı ˛ Ú ± ø Ó ¬ø Ú À ˚ ˛¬ ı ± Î ¬ ˇœ ø Ú À ˚ ˛ ’ ± À ˘ ± ¬ ı ˛± Ú œ ˝ √± ø Ê √¬ ı ˛ ̧ √± è̃ ± › Œ ¬ ı ˛& ˘ ± ¬ ı ˛ø fl ¡ c Ó ¬ ø Î ¬ ˇ‚ ø Î ¬ ˇ fl ¡ ± Ê √ø È ¬¸ ± ø ¬ ı ˛ ¤ fl ¡ ± ¤ fl ¡ ± ¤̂ ¬ ± À ¬ ı ’ ± ¬ ı ˛ ˆ ¬ ± ˘ fl ¡ Ô ± , Î ¬ ◊¬ Û À √˙ ’ ± D ± ø È ¬ À Ó ¬’ ± À ¸ Œ ˚ Œ ¸ ¸ ± Ò … Ú ± Ô ± fl ¡ À ˘ › ’ ? ø ˘ ¬ ı ˛ · ä , ‡ ¬ ı ¬ ı ˛¸ ¬ ı Ê √± Ú ± ‰ ¬ ± ˝ ◊√ ’ Ú ≈, ø √5 œ ¬ Û ø ¬ ı ˛¬ Û ± ø È ¬ ˆ ¬ ± ˘ ˆ ¬ ± ˘ ‡ ± ¬ ı ± À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛ ˜ ± c Œ Ó ¬ ±±̊ ˚ ˛’ ø Ù ¬ À ¸ Œ  √À -̆ Œ À̃ ˚ ˛, Œ · ± È ¬ ± ¸ — ¸ ± À ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ ± À  √˝ √À ˘ Œ Ã̃ Œ Ô̧ ± ”√À ¬ ı ˛˝ √í À ˘ ≈√‡ œ Œ ˚ ˝ √˚ ˛ ¸ — À fl ¡ ± À ‰ ¬ À Ó ¬À̃ ¬ ı ˛ øÓ̃ ¬ ± ø fl ¡fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛¬ ı Œ Ô̧ ± ˚ ˛ø · À ˚ ˛ ¤ Ó ¬fl ¡ Ô ± Ó ¬ ± ˝ ◊√ Œ Ó ¬ ± ø ˘ ø ‡ Œ fl ¡ Î ¬ ◊Î ¬ ± À fl ¡ë ø √ø √í ¬ ı À ˘ Ê √œ ¬ ı Ú ‰ ¬ À ˘ Œ̋ “√˝ ◊√À ˚ ˛± ˜ ± À ¬ ı ˛± ¬ ı ˛¸ ± ˘ ’ ± D ± ˚ ˛Ê √œ ¬ ı Ú ¬ ı ˛¸ Œ fl ¡ ¬ ı ± Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛Œ  √À ˘ ¸ ± ˜ ˘ ± ˚ ˛º ’ ±À̧ Ó ¬fl ¡ ˆ ≈¬‰ ¬ ± ˚ ˛Ú ± , ì¸ ¬ ı ± ˝ ◊√ Œ ˚ Œ ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛’ À ‰ ¬ Ú ± îº ̧ √± ˝ ◊√ Œ ˚ À̃ Ú ¬ Û À Î ¬ ˇ, Œ fl ¡ Î ¬ ◊¬ ı ± Ú ± ˜ Ò À ¬ ı ˛º º ’ ± ¬ Û Ú Â √À µ Ó ¬ ± À ˘ Ó ¬ ± ˝ ◊√ À̧ ¬ ı ì˜ ‘Ó ¬¸ ø ? ¬ ı Ú œ î ¬ ı À º̆ -41- With Best Compliments From VADEHRA ART GALLERY Head Office : D-178, Okhla Industrial Area, Phase-I, New Delhi 110020 Phone: 011-40503600 Fax: 011-26812973 E- mail : mail @vadehrabuilders.com Registered Office : D-40, Defence Colony, New Delhi-110024 -42- ø ¬ ı w ± ôL ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛Ó ¬ À fl ¡¬ ı “± ‰ ¬ ± › , ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ± Œ ˘ ± fl ¡ Ú ± Ô øÓ̃ ¬ ±œ̆ ‰ ¬ À A ± ¬ Û ± Ò … ± ˚ ˛ ’ ± Ê √fl ¡ ± ˘ ‡ ¬ ı À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ ± · Ê √‡ ≈ À̆ ˘ ¬ ı ˛± Ê √Õ Ú ø Ó ¬ fl ¡¬ Û ø ¬ ı ˛ø ¶ öø Ó ¬› Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛ À̧ e ’ ± ¬ ı ˛Œ ˚ ¸ ¬ ı ‡ ¬ ı ¬ ı ˛Ô ± À fl ¡Œ ¸ & ø ˘ ¬ Û Î ¬ ˇÀ ˘ ¸ fl ¡ ±À̆ ¬ ı ˘ ± ¸ ø Ó ¬ …Ú̃ ‡ ≈¬ ı ‡ ± ¬ ı ˛± ¬ Û ˝ √À ˚ ˛ ±̊ ˚ ˛º ø fl ¡  ≈√¬ ı  √¬ ı ˛’ ± À · ø fl ¡ c ’ ± ˜ ± À √¬ ı ˛Œ √˙ ¤̃ Ú ø  √˘ Ú ± º ø ¬ ı À ˙ ¯ ∏ fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛Œ À̃ ˚ ˛À √¬ ı ˛› ¬ Û ¬ ı ˛Ú ± Ú ± Ò ¬ ı ˛À Ì ¬ ı ˛’ Ó ¬ … ± ‰ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛‰ ¬ À À̆  √º ’ ± ˜ ± À √¬ ı ˛Œ √˙ ¶ §± Ò œ Ú ˝ √À ˚ ˛À  √6 5 ¬ ı  √¬ ı ˛˝ √À ˚ ˛Œ · ˘ ø fl ¡ c ¤ ‡ Ú › ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛Ó ¬ ¬ ı À ¯ ∏« ¤̃ Ú ’ À Ú fl ¡ õ ∂À √˙ ’ ± À  √Œ ˚ ‡ ± À Ú Ê √À i j ¬ ı ˛’ ± À · ¬ ı ± ¬ Û À ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ Ú … ± ¸ ôL ± Ú À fl ¡ Œ À̃ ¬ ı ˛Œ Ù ¬ ˘ ± ˝ √˚ ˛º √˚ ˛± , ˜ ± ˚ ˛± ,Ú̃ ≈¯ ∏… Q À ¬ ı ± Ò ¸ ¬ ı ø fl ¡  ≈√˝ ◊√ ø fl ¡ Œ ̇ Œ Ô À fl ¡ Î ¬ ◊Ò ± › ˝ √À ˚ ˛Œ · ˘ ∑ ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛Ó ¬ ¬ ı ¯ ∏«À fl ¡ Œ √¬ ı ˆ ”¬ ø ˜ ¬ ı ˘ ± ˝ √˚ ˛º ¤ ‡ ± À Ú fl ¡ Ó ¬˜ ˝ √± ¬ Û ≈è À ¯ ∏¬ ı ˛Ê √i j˝ √À ˚ ˛À  √˚ “± ¬ ı ˛± ˚ ≈· ˚ ≈· Ò À ¬ ı ˛ˆ ¬ ± À ˘ ± ˆ ¬ ± À ˘ ± ø ˙ é ¬ ± √˙ «¬ ı ¯ ∏«Ì fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛Œ · À  √Ú Œ ¸ ˝ ◊√ ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬ ¬ ı ˛¤ Ó ¬ ’ Ò – ¬ Û Ó ¬ Ú ø fl ¡fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛˝ √˘ ∑ ’ ± Ê √› ’ ± ˜ ¬ ı ˛± ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛Ó ¬ œ ˚ ˛¤ fl ¡ Ô ± ¬ ı À̆ Ó ¬· ¬ ı «À ¬ ı ± Ò fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ ± ¬ ı ˛Ì ’ ±±̃ À √¬ ı ˛¸ ˆ ¬ … Ó ¬ ± , ¸ — ¶ ‘®ø Ó ¬ , ¬ Û ± ø ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± ø ¬ ı ˛fl ¡ ¤ fl ¡ Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ ± À  √’ Ú … ± Ú … Œ √˙ ’ À Ú fl ¡ Œ ¬ Û Â √À Ú º ø fl ¡ c ’ ± ˜ ¬ ı ˛± Œ fl ¡ ± Ô ± ˚ ˛Ó ¬ øÀ̆ ˚ ˛ ±̊ ø 2 6 √Œ Ȩ̀ ¬ ± ‡ ≈¬ ı ˝ ◊√ ø ‰ ¬ ôL ± ¬ ı ˛ø ¬ ı ¯ ∏˚ ˛º ˚ ≈À · ¬ ı ˛ À̧ e Ó ¬ ± ˘ ø ˜ øÀ̆ ˚ ˛’ ± ˜ ¬ ı ˛± ¸ ¬ ı ± ˝ ◊√ ‰ ¬ ˘ ø  √ø fl ¡ c ˆ ¬ ± À ˘ ±µ̃ ø ¬ ı ‰ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛ø  √Ú ± º ¤ ‡ Ú fl ¡ ± ¬ ı ˛ õ ∂Ê √i jø fl ¡ ø ˙ ‡ À  √¬ ı ± ø fl ¡ ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı À  √Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛Œ ‡ “± Ê √’ ± ˜ ¬ ı ˛± ¬ ı ˛± ‡ ø  √Ú ± º ¤ fl ¡ È ¬ ± ¸ ˜ ˚ ˛ø  √˘ ˚ ‡ Ú ˜ ± À ˚ ˛¬ ı ˛± ‚ ≈˜ ˆ ¬ ± e ± À Ó ¬ Ú Œ  √± È ¬Œ  √± È ¬ fl ¡ ø ¬ ı Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı À ˘ , Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛ À̃ Ò … ¤ fl ¡ ø È ¬ fl ¡ ø ¬ ı Ó ¬ ± ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛‡ ≈¬ ı À̃ Ú ¬ Û À Î ¬ ˇ¸ fl ¡ ± À ˘ Î ¬ ◊ø Í ¬ ˚ ˛± ’ ± ø ˜ À̃ Ú À̃ Ú ¬ ı ø ˘ ’ ± ø ˜ Œ Ú̊ ¸ ± ¬ ı ˛± ø √Ú ˆ ¬ ± À ˘ ± ˝ √À ˚ ˛‰ ¬ øº̆ ’ ± À √˙ fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛Ú ±̊ ˝ √± Œ ±̃ ¬ ı ˛& è Ê √À Ú ’ ± ø ˜ Œ Ú̊ Œ ¸ ˝ ◊√ fl ¡ ± Ê √ fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ˛ˆ ¬ ± À ˘ ±À̃ Ú º º ¤̋ ◊√ Œ  √± È ¬Œ  √± È ¬fl ¡ ø ¬ ı Ó ¬ ± & ø ˘ ¬ ı ˛ À̃ Ò … › ’ À Ú fl ¡ ø fl ¡  ≈√ Œ ˙ ‡ ± ¬ ı ˛ø  √ º̆ ¤ ‡ Ú fl ¡ ± ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± 2 ‰ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛± Œ ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛À ¬ ı ˘ ± ‚ ≈˜ Œ Ô À fl ¡ Î ¬ ◊À Í ¬¬ ı … ± À · ¬ ı ˛Œ ¬ ı ± Á ¡ ± fl “¡ ± À Ò ø Ú À ˚ ˛¶ ≈®À ˘ ±̊ ˚ ˛’ ± ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± Î ¬ ˇœ Œ Ù ¬ À ¬ ı ˛ home work ¤ ¬ ı ˛Œ ¬ ı ± Á ¡ ± ø Ú À ˚ ˛º ¬ Û ≈“ø Ô · Ó ¬ø ˙ é ¬ ±  √± Î ¬ ˇ± › ∆ Ú ø Ó ¬ fl ¡ ø ˙ é ¬ ± ø fl ¡ Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛± ¬ Û ± À 2 6 √∑ ¤ ‡ Ú fl ¡ ± ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± 2 ‰ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛±ø̊ √› ’ ± ˜ ± À √¬ ı ˛Œ Ô À fl ¡ ’ À Ú fl ¡ Œ ¬ ı œ̇ intelligent ø fl ¡ c ‰ ¬ ± ø ¬ ı ˛ø √À fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛¬ Û ø ¬ ı ˛ø ¶ öø Ó ¬ Œ √À ‡ ‡ ≈¬ ı ˆ ¬ ˚ ˛˝ √˚ ˛, Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛± ˆ ≈¬ ˘ ¬ Û À Ô ‰ ¬ ± øÓ̆ ¬ ˝ √À ¬ ı Ú ± Ó ¬ ∑ ’ ± Ê √fl ¡ ± ˘ TV ¤ fl ¡ È ¬ ± ˜ ± Ò … ˜ ±̊ ¬ ı ˛¡ Z ± ¬ ı ˛± ¬ ı ± 2 ‰ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛± ¬ Û ‘ø Ô ¬ ı œ ¬ ı ˛Œ fl ¡ ± Ô ± ˚ ˛ø fl ¡ ˝ √À 2 6 √¸ ¬ ı Ê √± Ú À Ó ¬¬ Û ± À ¬ ı ˛º Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛ À̃ Ò … ˆ ¬ ± À ˘ ±µ̃ ¸ ¬ ı ˝ ◊√ ’ ± À  √º Ó ¬ ± ˝ ◊√ ’ ± ˜ ¬ ı ˛±ø̊ √ Ó̧ ¬ fl «¡ ˝ √À ˚ ˛Ó ¬ ± À √¬ ı ˛ˆ ¬ ± À ˘ ± ¬ Û À Ô ‰ ¬ ± øÓ̆ ¬fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬¬ Û ± ø ¬ ı ˛Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛‰ ¬ ± ˝ ◊√À Ó ¬ -43- ’ ± Ú µ ’ ± ¬ ı ˛ø fl ¡  ≈√À Ó ¬Œ Ú̋ ◊√º q Ò ≈˜ ± S T Shirt ¤ BEING HUMAN õ ∂ √˙ «Ú fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À ˘ ˝ ◊√ ˝ √À ¬ ı Ú ± ¸ ø Ó ¬ … fl ¡ ± À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛˜ ± Ú ≈¯ ∏ ˝ √À Ó ¬˝ √À ¬ ı º ¶ aœ ¬ Û ≈è̄ ∏ø Ú ø ¬ ı «À À̇ ¯ ∏˜ ± Ú ≈¯ ∏À fl ¡˜ ± Ú ≈¯ ∏¬ ı À ˘ ¸ • ú± Ú ø √À Ó ¬˝ √À ¬ ı º ’ ± ¬ ı ˛¤ fl ¡ È ¬ ± fl ¡ Ô ± ’ ±±̃ À √¬ ı ˛‰ ¬ ø ¬ ı ˛S · Í ¬ À Ú ¬ ı ˛Ê √Ú … ø ¬ ı À ˙ ¯ ∏ õ ∂À ˚ ˛± Ê √Ú Ó ¬ ± ˝ √À 2 6 √ Ó̧ ¬ Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ± honestyº ’ ¸ » ˝ √› ˚ ˛± ¬ ı ˛ Ó̃ ¬¬ Û ± ¬ Û Œ ¬ ı ± Ò̋ √˚ ˛¬ Û ‘ø Ô ¬ ı œ À Ó ¬ ø fl ¡  ≈√˝ ◊√ Œ Ú̋ ◊√º ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛ À̃ Ú ˝ √˚ ˛¤ ‡ Ú fl ¡ ± ¬ ı ˛ õ ∂Ê √i j À fl ¡ ¤ È ¬ ± › Ê √± Ú ± Ú ø ¬ ı À ˙ ¯ ∏ √¬ ı ˛fl ¡ ± ¬ ı ˛Œ ˚ ±̃ ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ± À fl ¡ Œ ˚ ¬ ı ˛fl ¡ ˜ ˆ ¬ ø M ê √| X ± fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛± Î ¬ ◊ø ‰ ¬ » ø Í ¬ fl ¡ Œ ¸ ˝ ◊√ ¬ ı ˛fl ¡ ˜ ’ ± ¬ ı ˛› ¤ fl ¡ Ê √Ú ’ ± À  √Ú øø̊ Ú ¸ ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛’ À̆ é ¬ … ¬ ı À ¸ ’ ±±̃ À √¬ ı ˛Œ √‡ À  √Ú ’ ± ˜ ¬ ı ˛± ˆ ¬ ± À ˘ ± fl ¡ ± Ê √ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛ø  √Ú ±µ̃ fl ¡ ± Ê √fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛ø  √º ¤ fl ¡ ˜ ± S Ó “¬ ± ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ ± À  √˝ ◊√ ¸ ¬ ı ˆ ¬ ± À ˘ ±À̃ µ ¬ ı ˛ø ¬ ı ‰ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛˝ √À ¬ ı , ø Ó ¬ ø Ú ˝ √À Ú̆ ¶ §˚ ˛— ˆ ¬ · ¬ ı ± Ú º Ó “¬ ± ¬ ı ˛ õ ∂ø Ó ¬ ˆ ¬ ø M ê √ø ¬ ı ù́ ± ¸ Ô ± fl ¡ À ˘ ˝ ◊√ ¸ ≈¶ ö¶ §± ˆ ¬ ± ø ¬ ı fl ¡ Ê √œ ¬ ı Ú ±̊ ¬ Û À Ú ¬ ı ˛¬ Û Ô ¬ Û ± › ˚ ˛±±̊ ˚ ˛º ’ ± Ê √ fl ¡ ø √Ú ±̊ ¬ ı Ó ƒ¬ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬ ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛± Ê √Ò ± Ú œ ø √~ œ › ’ Ú … ± Ú … ˙ ˝ √¬ ı ˛› ¢ ∂± À ˜ Œ À̃ ˚ ˛À √¬ ı ˛ õ ∂ø Ó ¬Œ ˚ ’ ˜ ± Ú ≈ø ¯ ∏fl ¡ ’ Ó ¬ … ± ‰ ¬ ± À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛‡ ¬ ı ¬ ı ˛¬ Û ± › ˚ ˛±±̊ À 2 6 √Ó ¬ ± À Ó ¬’ ± ˜ ± À √¬ ı ˛¸ ˜ ± Ê √Œ ˚ fl ¡ Ó ¬ È ¬ ± ’ ¸ ≈¶ öÓ ¬ ± Œ ¬ ı ˙ ˆ ¬ ± À ˘ ± Œ ¬ ı ± Á ¡ ±±̊ ˚ ˛º Ê √± ø Ú Ú ± ¤̋ ◊√ ¬ Û ø ¬ ı ˛À ¬ ı À ˙ ’ ± ˜ ± À √¬ ı ˛Œ  √À ˘ Œ À̃ ˚ ˛¬ ı ± Ó ¬ ± À √¬ ı ˛¸ ôL ± Ú À √¬ ı ˛ˆ ¬ ø ¬ ı ¯ ∏… » ø fl ¡ ∑ ‡ ≈¬ ı ˆ ¬ ± À ˘ ± ˘ ± · À  √˚ ‡ Ú TV Œ Ó ¬Œ √‡ ø  √Œ  √À ˘ Œ À̃ ˚ ˛¬ ı ˛± ¤̋ ◊√ ’ Ú … ± À ˚ ˛¬ ı ˛ø ¬ ı è À X õ ∂ø Ó ¬ ¬ ı ± √ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛± ¬ ı ˛Ê √Ú … ¬ ı ˛± ô¶ ± ˚ ˛ Œ ¬ ı ø Î ¬ ˇÀ ˚ ˛¬ Û À Î ¬ ˇÀ  √º ¤̋ ◊√ õ ∂ø Ó ¬ ¬ ı ± À √¬ ı ˛Œ Ê √± À Î ¬ ˇ’ ± ˜ ¬ ı ˛± ¬ Û ± ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ø fl ¡ ’ ±±̃ À √¬ ı ˛¸ ±̃ Ê √À fl ¡ ¸ ≈¶ ö fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛Ó ≈¬À̆ Ó ¬ ∑ fl ¡ ø √Ú ¬ ı ± À √ ’ ± ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛¸ ¬ ı ± ˝ ◊√ ¸ ¬ ı ø fl ¡  ≈√ ˆ ≈¬ À ˘ ±̊ À ¬ ı Ú ± Ó ¬ ∑ ¤ ‡ Ú q Ò ≈’ À ¬ Û é ¬ ± ˚ ˛’ ± ø  √ fl ¡ À ¬ ı Œ ¸ ˝ ◊√ ø √Ú ’ ±À̧ ¬ ı Œ ø̊ √Ú Œ À̃ ˚ ˛¬ ı ˛± ¶ §± Ò ± Ú̂ ¬ ± À ¬ ı ‰ ¬ ˘ ± À Ù ¬ ¬ ı ˛± fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À ¬ ı º ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı À ˘ ≈√– ‡ ˝ √˚ ˛, Œ ˚ ˝ ◊√ Œ √À ˙ ¬ ı ˛Œ À̃ ˚ ˛¬ ı ˛± Œ ˘ ‡ ± ¬ Û Î ¬ ˇ± , ¸ ˜ ô¶ fl ¡ ± À Ê √Œ  √À À̆ √¬ ı ˛ À̧ e Ó ¬ ± ˘ ø ˜ øÀ̆ ˚ ˛‰ ¬À̆  √, Î ¬ ◊2 ‰ ¬ ¬ Û À √‰ ¬ ± fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛œ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À  √, Œ √À ˙ ø ¬ ı À √À ˙ ø Ú À Ê √À √¬ ı ˛Ú ± ˜ Î ¬ ◊8̆ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À  √Œ ¸ ˝ ◊√ ø Ú À Ê √À √¬ ı ˛ Œ √À ˙ ˝ ◊√ Ó ¬ ± À √¬ ı ˛¤ Ó ¬ ’ ¸ • ú± Ú º ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛Ó ¬ ¬ ı À ¯ ∏«¬ ı ˛¶ §± Ò œ Ú Ó ¬ ± ’ ± À µ ±À̆ Ú Œ À̃ ˚ ˛À √¬ ı ˛¤ fl ¡ ø È ¬ ˜ ≈‡ … ˆ ”¬ ø ˜ fl ¡ ± ø  √ º̆ ’ ± ˙ ± fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ˛¤ ‡ Ú fl ¡ ± ¬ ı ˛ õ ∂Ê √i jŒ ¸ fl ¡ Ô ± ¶ ú¬ ı ˛Ì fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛Œ √À ˙ ’ ± ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛¤ fl ¡ ø È ¬ ¶ §± ˆ ¬ ± ø ¬ ı fl ¡ Ê √œ ¬ ı Ú̊ ± S ± ø Ù ¬ ø ¬ ı ˛À ˚ ˛’ ± Ú À ¬ ı º q -44- Œ fl ¡¤̋ ◊√ ø ¬ ı À ¬ ı fl ¡ ± Ú µ ∑ ¸ ? ˚ ˛ √± ˙ & 5 ¬ ı œ ¬ ı ˛ Ú̧ … ±œ̧ ø ¬ ı À ¬ ı fl ¡ ± Ú µ , Œ ¬ ı √± ôL À fl ¡ ˙ ¬ ı ˛œ ø ¬ ı À ¬ ı fl ¡ ± Ú µ , ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛Ó ¬ ± R ± ø ¬ ı À ¬ ı fl ¡ ± Ú µ , ¿ ¬ ı ˛± ˜ fl ‘¡ À ¯ û¬ ı ˛Ò … ± À Ú ¬ ı ˛Ò Ú ø ¬ ı À ¬ ı fl ¡ ± Ú µ , ’ Ú ± · Ó ¬fl ¡ ± À ˘ ¬ ı ˛’ ø Ó ¬ ˜ ± Ú ¬ ı ø ¬ ı À ¬ ı fl ¡ ± Ú µ Œ fl ¡Ú̃ fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛Ó “¬ ± À fl ¡Ê √± Ú ¬ ı ∑ Œ ¸ ˝ ◊√ ’ ¸ ± Ò ± ¬ ı ˛Ì ¬ Û ≈è̄ ∏À fl ¡ Œ ¬ ı ± Á ¡ ± ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛Ê √Ú … Œ ˚ ’ ± ø R fl ¡ ‹ ù́ À ˚ «¬ ı ˛ õ ∂À ˚ ˛± Ê √Ú Ó ¬ ± íø fl ¡ ’ ± Ê √À fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛˜ ± Ú ≈À ¯ ∏¬ ı ˛’ ± À  √∑ Ó “¬ ± ¬ ı ˛Ò œ ˙ ø M ê √, Ó “¬ ± ¬ ı ˛Œ √ À̇ õ ∂˜ , Ó “¬ ± ¬ ı ˛Œ ¸ ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ËÓ ¬ , Ó “¬ ± ¬ ı ˛¸ ¬ ı «Ê √œ À ¬ ı ˆ ¬ ± ˘ ¬ ı ± ¸ ± ¬ ı ˛’ ± fl ≈¡Ó̆ ¬ ± , Ó “¬ ± ¬ ı ˛’ ± R Ó ¬ … ± · ¤ ¸ ¬ ı ø fl ¡  ≈√¬ ı ˛ø ˜ À̆ Ú Œ ˚ ¬ ı … ø M ê √¬ Û ≈è̄ ∏ø È ¬· Ó ¬1 5 0 ¬ ı » ¸ ¬ ı ˛’ ± À · ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬ ¬ ı ˛˜ ± ø È ¬ À Ó ¬Ê √À i j ø  √À Ú̆ Ó “¬ ± À fl ¡¸ ˜ … fl ¡ Î ¬ ◊¬ Û ˘ ø t fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛± Œ fl ¡ ± Ú ¤ fl ¡ Ê √Ú ˜ ± Ú ≈À ¯ ∏¬ ı ˛¬ Û À é ¬’ ¸ ± Ò … º ’ Ô ‰ ¬Ó “¬ ± À fl ¡Œ ¬ ı ± Á ¡ ± ’ ± Ê √¤ fl ¡ ± ôL õ ∂À ˚ ˛± Ê √Ú , ˜ ± Ú ≈À ¯ ∏¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ ˘ … ± À Ú , Ê √· À Ó ¬ ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ ˘ … ± À Ú º ˜ ± Ú ≈À ¯ ∏¬ ı ˛ˆ ¬ ø ¬ ı ¯ ∏… » ¬ ı ˛‰ ¬ Ú ± ˚ ˛Ó “¬ ± À fl ¡ Œ ˚ Œ ¬ ı ± Á ¡ ± ’ ± Ê √¤ fl ¡ ± ôL õ ∂À ˚ ˛± Ê √Ú º Ó ¬ ± ˝ ◊√ ’ ± ˜ ± À √¬ ı ˛ø ˜ øÓ̆ ¬∆ ‰ ¬ Ó ¬ À Ú … Ó ¬ “± À fl ¡ Œ ¬ ı ± Á ¡ ± ¬ ı ˛Œ ‰ ¬ © ܱ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬˝ √À ¬ ı º Œ ¸ ˝ ◊√ õ ∂À ‰ ¬ © ܱ ˚ ˛’ ± ˜ ¬ ı ˛± Œ √ œ̇ ø ¬ ı À √ œ̇ fl ¡ À ˚ ˛fl ¡ Ê √Ú ∆ ‰ ¬ Ó ¬ Ú … ¸ ˜ ‘X ˜ ± Ú ≈À ¯ ∏¬ ı ˛’ ø ˆ ¬ : Ó ¬ ± › ’ Ú ≈ˆ ”¬ ø Ó ¬ ¬ ı ˛’ ± | ˚ ˛ø Ú ø 2 6 √º ˝ √˚ ˛À Ó ¬ ± ¤ ˆ ¬ ± À ¬ ı ¶ §±œ̃ ø Ê √À fl ¡ ø fl ¡  ≈√È ¬ ± Œ ¬ ı ± √Á ¡ ±y̧ ¬ ı ˝ √À ¬ ı º ’ ± ¸ ≈Ú , Œ ‰ ¬ © ܱ fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛Œ √‡ ±±̊ fl ¡ º ì §±œ̃ ¶ ø Ê √¬ ı ˛’ Ú … Ó ¬ ˜ õ ∂Ò ± Ú ’ ± À ø̃ ¬ ı ˛fl ¡ ± Ú ø ˙ ¯ ∏… ± ø ¸ à ± ¬ ı ˛ø S ê ø à Ú Ó “¬ ± ¬ ı ˛ ì¶ §±œ̃ Ê √œ À fl ¡ Œ ˚ ¬ ı ˛+ ¬ Û Œ √ø ‡ ˚ ˛± ø  √î ¢ ∂À L ö øÀ̆ ‡ À  √Ú – ì ◊√Î ˝ ¬ ◊ø Ú À È ¬ ø ¬ ı ˛˚ ˛± Ú ‰ ¬ ± À ‰ «¬À̃ = ¬ ı ˛Î ¬ ◊¬ Û ¬ ı ˛ “√± ø Î ¬ ˇÀ ˚ ˛¶ §±œ̃ Ê √œ Œ ¸ ø √Ú ’ Ò … ± R Ê √· À Ó ¬ ¬ ı ˛˜ ˝ √± Ú Ó̧ ¬ … & ø ˘ ¤̃ Ú ¶ §À ¬ ı ˛ ’ Ú · «˘ ¬ ı À ˘ ±̊ ø 2 6 √À Ú̆ , Œ ˚ ¶ §¬ ı ˛’ ± À · Œ fl ¡ Î ¬ ◊ fl ¡ ‡ Ú › Œ ˙ ± À Ú ø Ú º ’ | n ∏Ó ¬ ¬ Û ”¬ ı «Œ ¸ ˝ ◊√ fl ¡ _ Ú ± Ú ± ˆ ¬ ± À ¬ ı  √ø µ Ó ¬˝ √À ˚ ˛ Ó “¬ ± ¬ ı ˛ À̃ Ú ¬ ı ˛ø Ú · ”Ï ¬ ˇˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı & ø ˘ ¬ ı … M ê √ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛ø  √ º̆ fl ¡ ‡ Ú › Ó “¬ ± ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ À _ ø ¬ ı ¯ ∏J Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛¸ ≈¬ ı ˛ ¤̃ Ú̂ ¬ ± À ¬ ı Á ¡ — fl ‘¡ Ó ¬˝ √ø 2 6 √˘ ±̊ ¬ ı ˛ Œ √± ˘ ± ˘ ± · ø  √˘ Œ | ± Ó ¬ ± À √¬ ı ˛˝ √+ √À ˚ ˛¬ ı ˛’ ôL ¬ ı ˛Ó ¬ ˜ õ ∂À √À ˙ Ó ¬ ± À √¬ ı ˛¬ ı ≈À fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛Œ ˆ ¬ Ó ¬ ¬ ı ˛È ¬ ± Œ Ô À fl ¡Œ Ô À fl ¡ ˝ ◊√ Œ ˜ ± ‰ ¬ À Î ¬ ˇ Î ¬ ◊À Í ¬ ø  √ º̆ ˚ ‡ Ú Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛± Œ ¬ ı √Ú ± ˚ ˛˜ ≈˝ √… ˜ ± Ú , Ó ¬ ‡ Ú̋ ◊√ ¶ §±œ̃ Ê √œ ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ _ ¶ §À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛’ ± ( ˚ «¬ ı ˛+ ¬ Û ± ôL ¬ ı ˛‚ È ¬ Ó ¬ º Ó ¬ ± À Ó ¬Ù ≈¬ À È ¬Î ¬ ◊Í ¬ Ó ¬ Î ¬ ◊2 6 √˘ ‡ ≈ø ˙ ¬ ı ˛ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı º ø fl ¡ c Œ ¸ ˝ ◊√ ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı ¶ ö± ˚ ˛œ ˝ √À Ó ¬Ú ± ˝ √À Ó ¬ ˝ ◊√ ’ ± ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛¬ ı < · y œ ¬ ı ˛ø ¬ ı ¯ ∏± À Ì Ò √ı ø Ú Ó ¬˝ √À Ó ¬ ± Œ Ê √À · › Í ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛ Î ¬ ◊ √± M √, ’ ± fl ≈¡ ˘ ’ ± ˝ 3√± Ú º Ó ¬ ‡ Ú̋ ◊√ ¸ fl ¡ À ˘ Ú À Î ¬ ˇ‰ ¬ À Î ¬ ˇ¬ ı À̧ Ó ¬ ± º -45- Œ ø̊ √Ú Ó “¬ ± À fl ¡ ëˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛Ó ¬ ¬ ı ¯ ∏«í ¤̋ ◊√ ṡ ø È ¬Ó “¬ ± ¬ ı ˛’ Ú Ú ≈fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛Ì œ ˚ ˛ fl ¡ À _ õ ∂Ỗ Î ¬ ◊2 ‰ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛Ì fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬q ø Ú , ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛ À̃ Ú ˝ √˚ ˛, Œ ¸ ˝ ◊√ ø √Ú̋ ◊√ ’ ± ˜ ± À √¬ ı ˛ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛Ó ¬Œ õ ∂À ˜ ¬ ı ˛Î ¬ ◊À i j ¯ ∏º ±̃ S ¬ Û “± ‰ ¬’ é ¬ À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛¤ fl ¡ ø È ¬ À̇ s ¬ ı ˛ø ˆ ¬ Ó ¬ ¬ ı ˛Œ ˚ ¤ À Ó ¬ ± ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı Ô ± fl ¡ À Ó ¬¬ Û ± À ¬ ı ˛, Ó ¬ ± Œ Ú̊ ø ¬ ı ù́ ± ¸ ˝ ◊√ ˝ √˚ ˛Ú ± º Ó ¬ ± À Ó ¬ø  √˘ ˆ ¬ ± ˘ ¬ ı ± ¸ ± , ’ ± À ¬ ı · , Œ · à ¬ ı ˛¬ ı À ¬ ı ± Ò , ¸ ≈Ó ¬ œ ¬ ı Ë˝ ◊√2 6 √± , | X ± , ø ¬ ı ¯ ∏± √, ¬ ı œ ˚ «¬ ı M √± , ‚ À ¬ ı ˛Œ Ù ¬ ¬ ı ˛± ¬ ı ˛¬ ı … ± fl ≈¡Ó̆ ¬ ± ¤ ¬ ı — ¸ ¬ ı  √± ø ¬ Û À ˚ ˛, ˆ ¬ ± ˘ ¬ ı ± ¸ ± › ˆ ¬ ± ˘ ¬ ı ± ¸ ± º Ó̇ ¬Ó̇ ¬¢ ∂L ö¬ ı ˛‰ ¬ Ú ± fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛› ’ À Ú … ¬ ı ˛ À̃ Ò … ¤̃ Ú ¸ ¬ ı «¢ ∂±œ̧ ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı ¸ = ± ø ¬ ı ˛Ó ¬ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛±±̊ ˚ ˛Ú ± º ì “± ˚ ¬ ı ˛± ¶ §±œ̃ ø ¬ ı À ¬ ı fl ¡ ± Ú À µ ¬ ı ˛Œ ‰ ¬ ˝ √± ¬ ı ˛± ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ Ô ± ‡ ≈¬ ı q À Ú À  √Ú Ó “¬ ± ¬ ı ˛± ˝ √˚ ˛Ó ¬’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛ ¤̋ ◊√ fl ¡ Ô ± ˚ ˛‡ ≈¬ ı ’ ¬ ı ± fl ¡ ˝ √À ¬ ı Ú ë¶ §±œ̃ Ê √œ ¬ ı ˛Œ ˚ ø Ê √ø Ú̧ ø È ¬’ ± ˜ ± ˚ ˛ õ ∂Ô À ˜ ø ¬ ı ¶ ú˚ ˛± ø ¬ ı © Ü fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛ø  √˘ , Œ ¸ ø È ¬Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛+ ¬ Û Ú̊ ˛º Œ ‰ ¬ ˝ √± ¬ ı ˛± Ú̊ ˛Œ ¸ ø È ¬Ú̃ º . . . ø fl ¡ c ¤̃ Ú ¸ ± Ò ≈¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ Ô ± Œ fl ¡q À Ú À  √˚ “± ¬ ı ˛Œ √À ˝ √¬ ı À < ¬ ı ˛˙ ø M ê ∑ ¬ ı ± ô¶ ø ¬ ı fl ¡ , ¤̋ ◊√ ’ Ú Ú … ¸ ± Ò ± ¬ ı ˛Ì ¬ Û ≈è À ¯ ∏¬ ı ˛Œ ˆ ¬ Ó ¬ ¬ ı ˛ Œ Ô À fl ¡ ¤̃ Ú ˜ ˝ √± À Ó ¬ Ê √é ¬ ø ¬ ı ˛Ó ¬˝ √ø 2 6 √˘ Œ ˚ Î ¬ ◊¬ Û ø ¶ öÓ ¬¸ fl ¡ À ˘ ¬ ı ˛˝ ◊√ ¤ À fl ¡ ¬ ı ± À ¬ ı ˛ fl ≈“¡ fl ¡ À Î ¬ ˇŒ · À Ú̆ º ¶ §±œ̃ Ê √œ ¬ ı M ê ‘√Ó ¬ ±À̃ = ’ ± ¸ ± ¬ ı ˛Œ ¸ ˝ ◊√ ’ ø ¬ ı ¶ ú¬ ı ˛Ì œ ˚ ˛˜ ≈˝ ”√À Ó «¬ ˝ ◊√ ¸ fl ¡ À ˘ ¤̋ ◊√ ˙ ø M ê √¬ ı ˛¶ Û µ Ú ’ Ú ≈ˆ ¬ ¬ ı fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛ø  √À Ú̆ º ¬ Û À ¬ ı ˛’ ¬ ı ˙ … ’ ± ˜ ¬ ı ˛± ¤̋ ◊√ ˙ ø M ê √¬ ı ˛Œ ‡ ˘ ± Œ √À ‡ Ò Ú … ˝ √À ˚ ˛ø  √˘ ±º̃ ø fl ¡ c Ó ¬ ±À̧ N › ¬ ı À̆ ¬ ı ± , ¶ §±œ̃ Ê √œ ¬ ı ˛ Ú̃ , ø ‰ ¬ ôL ± ¤ fl ¡ fl ¡ Ô ± ˚ ˛Ó “¬ ± ¬ ı ˛’ ôL Ê «√· À Ó ¬ ¬ ı ˛ ’ ± fl ¡ ¯ ∏«Ì È ¬ ± ˝ ◊√ ø  √˘ ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ ± À  √¸ ¬ ı À ‰ ¬ À ˚ ˛Œ ¬ ı øº̇ ø fl ¡’ ± ( ˚ «…Ú̃ Ú̇ œ Ó̆ ¬ ± º ø fl ¡’ ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı Ú œ ˚ ˛¸ ¬ ı ø ‰ ¬ ôL ± º ¤̃ Ú Œ fl ¡ ± À Ú ± › ṡ ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛Ê √± Ú ± Œ Ú̋ ◊√ ±̊ ø √À ˚ ˛Ó “¬ ± ¬ ı ˛Œ ¸ ˝ ◊√ À̃ Ú ¬ ı ˛¬ ı … ± ø 5 , √œ ø 5 , ¬ ı ± ’ À ˘ ± fl ¡ ¸ ± ˜ ± Ú … Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛¸ ± ˜ ± Ú … Ó ¬ ˜ ’ ± ˆ ¬ ± ¸ › ø √À Ó ¬¬ Û ± ø ¬ ı ˛º . . . Œ ¸ ˝ ◊√ ’ Ú Ú …À̃ Ú ¬ ı ˛ø ‰ ¬ ôL ± & ø ˘ ¤ Ó ¬¶ Û © Ü, ¤ Ó ¬¬ ı ø ˘ ᬤ ¬ ı — ¤ Ó ¬ È ¬ ± ˝ ◊√ ’ Ó ¬ œ ø f̊ ˛Œ ˚ Ó ¬ ± Œ fl ¡ ± Ú › ¶ ö≤˘ Œ √˝ √œ ¬ ı ˛˜ ø ô¶ © ®õ∂¸ ”Ó ¬ ¬ ı À ˘ ø ¬ ı ù́ ± ¸ ˝ √˚ ˛Ú ± º î ë¸ ˝ √¶ ⁄¡ Z œ À · ± √… ± À Ú ø ˙ é ¬ ± √± Ú í¸ • Û À fl «¡ ø ¸ à ± ¬ ı ˛ø S ê ø à Ú ¬ ı À À̆  √Ú ì §±œ̃ ¶ Ê √œ fl v¡ ± À ¸ ’ ± ˜ ± À √¬ ı ˛ø fl ¡ ø fl ¡ ¬ ı À̆ Ó ¬ Ú , Ó “¬ ± ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± Ì œ ¬ ı ˛¬ Û ≈∫ ± Ú ≈¬ Û ≈∫ ¬ Û ≈Ú ¬ ı ˛± ¬ ı ‘ø M √¤ ‡ ± À Ú ø Ú © x À ˚ ˛± Ê √Ú º ø fl ¡ c Ó “¬ ± ¬ ı ˛Î ¬ ◊¬ Û ø ¶ öø Ó ¬ À Ó ¬ ¸ ˝ √¶ ⁄¡ Z œ À ¬ Û ± √… ± À Ú ¤̃ Ú ¤ fl ¡ È ¬ ± ’ ± Ò … ± ø R fl ¡ ¬ Û ø ¬ ı ˛ G̃ ˘ ¸ ‘ø © Ü˝ √À ˚ ˛ø  √˘ ±̊ õ ∂± ˚ ˛ õ ∂À Ó ¬ … À fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛ À̃ Ò … ˝ ◊√ ˜ ≈ø M ê √˘ ± À ˆ ¬ ¬ ı ˛ ¤ fl ¡¸ ≈Ó ¬ œ ¬ ı Ë Î ¬ ◊i j ± √Ú ±Ê √± ø · À ˚ ˛ Ó ≈¬ À ˘ ø  √ º̆ ¶ §±œ̃ Ê √œ ¬ ı ˛ ¬ ı … ø M ê √À Q ¬ ı ˛ Œ ¸ ˝ ◊√ õ ∂ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı ’ ø ¬ ı ù́ ± ¸ … , ’ ø Ú ¬ ı «‰ ¬ Ú œ ˚ ˛º Œ fl ¡ ± Ú › ṡ ø √À ˚ ˛Œ ¸ ˝ ◊√ ¬ Û ø ¬ ı ˛˜ ` ¬ À ˘ ¬ ı ˛ ø̃ ˝ √˜ ± Œ ¬ ı ± Á ¡ ± À Ú ±±̊ À ¬ ı Ú ± º ì ù́ ‹ ˚ «, é ¬Ó̃ ¬ ± ’ ± ¬ ı ˛˝ ◊√ø f̊ ˛¸ ≈À ‡ ¬ ı ˛Ê √Ú … ˝ ◊√ ’ ± ˜ ± À √¬ ı ˛Ê √œ ¬ ı Ú̊ ≈X º ¤ À Ó ¬ ˝ ◊√ ’ ± ˜ ± À √¬ ı ˛Ê √œ ¬ ı À Ú ¬ ı ˛¸ ¬ ı È ≈¬ fl ≈¡ ¸ ˜ ˚ ˛, ø ‰ ¬ ôL ± › ˙ ø M ê √’ ¬ Û ¬ ı … ± ø ˚ ˛Ó ¬˝ √˚ ˛º ø fl ¡ c ¸ ˝ √¶ ⁄¡ Z œ À ¬ Û ± √… ± À Ú ¬ ı ˛Œ ¸ ˝ ◊√ Ê √· » Œ Ú̊ ’ ± ˜ ± À √¬ ı ˛¬ Û ø ¬ ı ˛ø ‰ ¬ Ó ¬Ê √· » Œ Ô À fl ¡ ¤ À fl ¡ ¬ ı ± À ¬ ı ˛˝ ◊√ ¶ §Ó ¬ L aº Œ ¸ ‡ ± À Ú ’ ± ˜ ± À √¬ ı ˛¤ fl ¡ È ¬ ± ˝ ◊√ ˘ é ¬ … ø  √˘ ø fl ¡ fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛˜ ± ˚ ˛± ¬ ı ˛¸ ¬ ı «¢ ∂±œ̧ ¬ ı g Ú Œ Ô À fl ¡ ˜ ≈M ê √˝ √› ˚ ˛± ±̊ ˚ ˛º Œ ¸ ˝ ◊√ ˜ ± ˚ ˛± , Œ ˚ ˜ ± ˚ ˛± ¬ ı ˛’ ± À ¬ ı À · Ê √· » ¸ — ¸ ± ¬ ı ˛Œ ±̃ ø ˝ √Ó ¬˝ √À ˚ ˛’ ± À  √º ’ ¬ ı ˙ … ’ ± Ê √ Œ̋ √± fl ¡ , fl ¡ ± ˘ Œ̋ √± fl ¡ ˜ ≈ø M ê √¬ ı ˛ ˝ ◊√2 6 √± ¤ ¬ ı — ¸ ≈À ±̊ · ¸ fl ¡ À ˘ ¬ ı ˛Ê √œ ¬ ı À Ú̋ ◊√ ’ ±À̧ ¬ ı º ’ ±±̃ À √¬ ı ˛Ê √œ ¬ ı À Ú › ¤̆ îº ¶ §±œ̃ Ê √œ ¬ ı ˛ø ˙ ä À ‰ ¬ Ó ¬ Ú ± ø  √˘ ’ ˆ ”¬ Ó ¬ ¬ Û ”¬ ı «º fl ¡ ˘ fl ¡ ± Ó ¬ ± Ê ≈√ø ¬ ı ø ˘ ’ ± È «¬¤ fl ¡ ± À Î ¬ ø ˜ ¬ ı ˛ø ˙ ä fl ¡ ˘ ± ø Ú ¬ Û ≈Ì ’ Ò … ± ¬ Û fl ¡ , “¬ ı ˛Ì √± õ ∂¸ ± √ √± ˙ & 5 À fl ¡ ø Ó ¬ ø Ú Ó “¬ ± ¬ ı ˛ "Kali the Mother" fl ¡ ø ¬ ı Ó ¬ ± ’ ± ¬ ı ‘ø M √ fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛Œ ˙ ± Ú ± Ú ¤ ¬ ı — ¬ ı À Ú̆ – -46- ì ◊√ À̃ ¤̋ Ú fl ¡ è Ú , ˜ ± fl ¡ ±œ̆ ¬ ı ˛Â √ø ¬ ı º ¤ À Ó ¬˚ ≈· ¬ Û » Œ é ¬ ˜ Ç ¬ ı ˛œ › ˆ ¬ ˚ ˛Ç ¬ ı ˛œ ˜ ”ø Ó «¬ ¬ ı ˛¸ ˜ ± À ¬ ı º̇ ¤̋ ◊√  √ø ¬ ı & ø ˘ ¬ ı ˛ Œ fl ¡ ± Ú ‡ ± ø Ú À Ó ¬ø fl ¡ c ‹ Î ¬ ◊ˆ ¬ ˚ ˛ˆ ¬ ± À ¬ ı ¬ ı ˛ø Í ¬ fl ¡ø Í ¬ fl ¡expression Œ √‡ ±±̊ ˚ ˛Ú ± º Ó ¬ ± ”√À ¬ ı ˛Ô ± fl ¡ , ¤ fl ¡ È ¬ ± › ø ‰ ¬ À S ‹ Î ¬ ◊ˆ ¬ À ˚ ˛¬ ı ˛ˆ ¬ ± À ¬ ı ¬ ı ˛ø Í ¬ fl ¡ ø Í ¬ fl ¡ ø ¬ ı fl ¡ ± ˙ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛Œ ‰ ¬ © ܱ fl ¡ ± è ¬ ı ˛Œ Ú̋ ◊√º ’ ± ø ˜ ±̃ fl ¡ ±œ̆ ¬ ı ˛ˆ ¬ œ ˜ ± ˜ ”ø Ó «¬ ¬ ı ˛ø fl ¡  ≈√ idea 'Kali the Mother' Ú ± ˜ fl ¡˝ ◊√— À ¬ ı ˛Ê √œ fl ¡ ø ¬ ı Ó ¬ ± È ¬ ± ˚ ˛ø ˘ ø ¬ Û ¬ ı X fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬Œ ‰ ¬ © ܱ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛ø  √º ’ ± ¬ Û ø Ú ‹ ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı È ¬ ± ¤ fl ¡ ‡ ± Ú ±  √ø ¬ ı À Ó ¬ express fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬ ¬ Û ± À ¬ ı ˛Ú ø fl ¡ ∑ î ¬ ı ˛Ì √± ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ≈Œ ‰ ¬ © ܱ fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛ø  √À Ú̆ ø fl ¡ c Ó̊ ¬ ”√¬ ı ˛Ê √± Ú ±±̊ ˚ ˛ø Ó ¬ ø Ú ¸ é ¬ ˜ ˝ √Ú Ú ± ˝ ◊√º ¤̃ Ú̋ ◊√ ø  √˘ ø ¬ ı À ¬ ı fl ¡ ± Ú À µ ¬ ı ˛ ˜ ± Ó ‘¬ ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı Ú ± ¬ ı ˛ õ ∂‰ ¬ ` ¬ › ˜ ˝ √œ ˜ ± ˜ ˚ ˛· ± y œ ˚ «º ’ Ó ¬ – ¬ Û ¬ ı ˛¶ §±œ̃ Ê √œ ¬ ı ˛± ˜ fl ‘¡ ¯ û ø ˜ À̇ Ú ¬ ı ˛ œ̧ À̆ ±̃ ˝ √À √¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛Ê √Ú … ø ¬ ı fl ¡ øÓ̧ ¬ fl ¡ ˜ ̆ √˘ ˚ ≈M ê √˝ }√ √ À̃ Ò … ˝ √— ¸ ø ¬ ı ¬ ı ˛± ø Ê √Ó ¬ ¸ ¬ Û «À ¬ ı ø © ÜÓ ¬Œ ˚ é ≈¬ ^  √ø ¬ ı ø È ¬fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ˛˚ ˛± ø  √À Ú̆ , Ó ¬ ± ˝ √± ’ ± Ú ± ˝ ◊√˚ ˛± ¬ ı ˛Ì √± ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ≈À fl ¡Œ √‡ ± ˝ ◊√˚ ˛± Ó ¬ » ¸ • §À g ø Ú Ê √ Ó̃ ¬ ±Ó̃ ¬ õ ∂fl ¡ ± ˙ fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬¬ ı ø ˘ ˚ ˛± À  √Ú º ¬ ı ˛Ì √± ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ≈ õ ∂Ô À ˜ Î ¬ ◊˝ √± ¬ ı ˛˜ ˜ «¢ ∂˝ √À Ì ’ ¸ Ỗ «˝ √˝ ◊√À ˘ ¶ §±œ̃ Ê √œ Î ¬ ◊˝ √± ¬ ı ˛’ Ô «ø ¬ ı ô¶ ± ø ¬ ı ˛Ó ¬ ˆ ¬ ± À ¬ ı ¬ ı ≈Á ¡ ± ˝ ◊√˚ ˛± ø  √À Ú̆ º ¤ ¬ ı ˛› ’ Ó ¬ – ¬ Û ¬ ı ˛ˆ ¬ ø ¬ ı ¯ ∏… À Ó ¬¿ ¬ ı ˛± ˜ fl ‘¡ ¯ û ˜ ø µ ¬ ı ˛Œ ˚ ˆ ¬ ± À ¬ ı ø Ú̃ «± Ì fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬Ó “¬ ± ˝ √± ¬ ı ˛˝ ◊√2 6 √± ¶ §±œ̃ Ê √œ Ó ¬ ± ˝ √± ¬ ı ˛ ¤ fl ¡ ‡ ± ø Ú ø ‰ ¬ S ’ ± Ú ± ˝ ◊√À Ú̆ º ø ‰ ¬ S ‡ ± ø Ú ¶ §±œ̃ ø ¬ ı : ± Ú ± Ú µ ¶ §±œ̃ Ê √œ ¬ ı ˛¬ Û ¬ ı ˛± ˜ ˙ « Ó̃ ¬Ó ¬ ± ø fl ¡ ˚ ˛± ø  √À Ú̆ , ø ‰ ¬ S ‡ ± ø Ú Œ √‡ ± ˝ ◊√À Ó ¬ Œ √‡ ± ˝ ◊√À Ó ¬ ¬ ı øÀ̆ Ó ¬ ˘ ± ø · À Ú̆ – ¤̋ ◊√ ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı œ Í̃ ¬ ˜ ø µ ¬ ı ˛ø È ¬ ¬ ı ˛ø Ú̃ «± À Ì õ ∂± ‰ ¬ … › ¬ Û ± ( ± Ó ¬ …±̊ ¬ ı Ó ¬ œ ˚ ˛ø ˙ ä fl ¡ ˘ ± ¬ ı ˛¤ fl ¡ S ¸ ˜ ± À ¬ ı ˙ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛± ¬ ı ˛˝ ◊√2 6 √± ’ ± À  √ ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛º ¬ Û ‘ø Ô ¬ ı œ ‚ ≈À ¬ ı ˛· ‘˝ √ø ˙ ä ¸ • §À g Ó̊ ¬¸ ¬ ı idea ø Ú À ˚ ˛¤ À ¸ ø  √, Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛¸ ¬ ı & ø ˘ ˝ ◊√ ¤̋ ◊√ ˜ ø µ ¬ ı ˛ø Ú̃ «± À Ì ø ¬ ı fl ¡ ± ˙ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛Œ ‰ ¬ © ܱ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛¬ ı º ¬ ı U ¸ — ‡ … fl ¡Ê √ø Î ¬ ˇÓ ¬ô ¶ À y ¬ ı ˛Î ¬ ◊¬ Û ¬ ı ˛¤ fl ¡ ø È ¬õ ∂fl ¡ ± ` ¬Ú ± È ¬ ø̃ µ ¬ ı ˛∆ Ó ¬ ¬ ı ˛œ ˝ √À ¬ ı º Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛Œ √› ˚ ˛± À ˘ Ó̇ ¬ ¸ ˝ √¶ ⁄ õ ∂Ù ≈¬ ~ fl ¡ ˜ ˘ Ù ≈¬ À È ¬Ô ± fl ¡ À ¬ ı º ˝ √± Ê √± ¬ ı ˛Œ ˘ ± fl ¡±̊ À Ó ¬¤ fl ¡ À S ¬ ı À ¸ Ò … ± Ú Ê √¬ Û fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬¬ Û ± À ¬ ı ˛, Ú ± È ¬ ˜ ø µ ¬ ı ˛ø È ¬ ¤̃ Ú ¬ ı Î ¬ ˇ fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛ø Ú̃ «± Ì fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬˝ √À ¬ ı º ’ ± ¬ ı ˛¿ ¬ ı ˛± ˜ fl ‘¡ ¯ û ˜ ø µ ¬ ı ˛› Ú ± È ¬ ˜ ø µ ¬ ı ˛ø È ¬¤̃ Ú̂ ¬ ± À ¬ ı ¤ fl ¡ À S · À Î ¬ ˇÓ ≈¬À̆ Ó ¬ ˝ √À ¬ ı , Œ ˚ ”√¬ ı ˛Œ Ô À fl ¡ Œ √‡ À ˘ ø Í ¬ fl ¡ ë› “fl ¡ ± ¬ ı ˛í ¬ ı À ˘ Ò ± ¬ ı ˛Ì ± ˝ √À ¬ ı º ˜ ø µ ¬ ı ˛ À̃ Ò … ¤ fl ¡ ø È ¬ ¬ ı ˛± Ê √˝ √— À ¸ ¬ ı ˛Î ¬ ◊¬ Û ¬ ı ˛Í ¬ ± fl ≈¡ À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛˜ ”ø Ó «¬ Ô ± fl ¡ À ¬ ı º Œ √± À ¬ ı ˛ ≈√ø √À fl ¡ ≈√ø È ¬Â √ø ¬ ı ¤̋ ◊√ˆ ¬ ± À ¬ ı Ô ± fl ¡ À ¬ ı ¤ fl ¡ ø È ¬ø ¸ — ˝ √› ¤ fl ¡ ø È ¬Œ ˜ ¯ ∏¬ ı g ≈ˆ ¬ ± À ¬ ı Î ¬ ◊ˆ ¬ À ˚ ˛Î ¬ ◊ˆ ¬ À ˚ ˛¬ ı ˛· ± ‰ ¬ ± È ¬ À  √’ Ô «± » ˜ ˝ √± ˙ ø M ê √› ˜ ˝ √± Ú • ⁄Ó ¬ ± Œ Ú̊ Œ õ ∂À ˜ ¤ fl ¡ S ¸ ø • ú øÓ̆ ¬˝ √À ˚ ˛À  √º . . . ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛ À̃ Ú ˝ √˚ ˛, Í ¬ ± fl ≈¡ ¬ ı ˛ ¤ À ¸ ø  √À Ú̆ Œ √À ˙ ¬ ı ˛¸ fl ¡ ˘ õ ∂fl ¡ ± ¬ ı ˛ø ¬ ı √… ± › ˆ ¬ ± À ¬ ı ¬ ı ˛ õ ∂± Ì̧ = ± ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬ º î ¶ §±œ̃ · y œ ¬ ı ˛± Ú µ Ó “¬ ± ¬ ı ˛ë ˚ ≈· Ú ± ˚ ˛fl ¡ ø ¬ ı À ¬ ı fl ¡ ± Ú µ íÓ ‘¬ Ó ¬ œ ˚ ˛‡ À ` ¬ øÀ̆ ‡ À  √Ú ì ˜ ’ ¬ ı ˛Ú ± Ô › é ¬ œ ¬ ı ˛ˆ ¬ ¬ ı ± Ú œø̃ µ ¬ ı ˛¶ §±œ̃ Ê √œ ¬ ı ˛Ê √œ ¬ ı À Ú ¤ fl ¡ ’ ˆ ”¬ Ó ¬ ¬ Û ”¬ ı «¬Û ø ¬ ı ˛¬ ı Ó «¬ À Ú ¬ ı ˛Œ Ï ¬ Î ¬ ◊Ó ≈¬ À ˘ ø  √ º̆ ’ ˜ ¬ ı ˛Ú ± Ô √˙ «À Ú ¬ ı ˛’ ¬ ı … ¬ ı ø ˝ √Ó ¬¬ Û ”À ¬ ı «› ¬ Û À ¬ ı ˛¶ §±œ̃ Ê √œ ¬ ı ˛ Ú̃ ø ˙ ¬ ı ˆ ¬ ± À ¬ ı ø ¬ ı À ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛ø  √˘ , ø fl ¡ c ’ Ó ¬ – ¬ Û ¬ ı ˛Œ fl ¡ ± Ú ’ : ± Ó ¬ fl ¡ ± ¬ ı ˛À Ì , ¶ §±œ̃ Ê √œ ¬ ı ˛ø ‰ ¬ M √ø ˙ ¬ ı ˝ √˝ ◊√À Ó ¬ ˙ ø M ê √¬ ı ˛ õ ∂ø Ó ¬ ’ ± fl ‘¡ ᬽ √˝ ◊√˚ ˛± ø  √˘ ¬ ı ø ˘ ˚ ˛± Œ ¬ ı ± Ò ˝ √˚ ˛º î -47- ¤̋ ◊√ ¸ ˜ ˚ ˛˝ ◊√ ø Ó ¬ ø Ú 'Kali the Mother' [ ì˜ ‘Ó ≈¬ … ¬ ı ˛+ ¬ Û ± ˜ ± Ó ¬ ± î] Œ À̆ ‡ Ú º fl ¡ ø ¬ ı Ó ¬ ± Œ ˙ ¯ ∏ fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ˛˚ ˛± ø Ó ¬ ø Ú ’ ± À ¬ ı À · ’ Õ ‰ ¬ Ó ¬ Ú … ˝ √˝ ◊√˚ ˛± ¬ Û À Î ¬ ˇÚ º õ ∂fl ‘¡ ø Ó ¬ ¶ ö˝ √˝ ◊√¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛¬ Û ¬ ı ˛ø Ó ¬ ø Ú Œ ¸ ˝ ◊√ fl ¡ ø ¬ ı Ó ¬ ± ¤ ¬ ı — ¤ fl ¡ ø È ¬˜ ± fl ¡ ±œ̆ À fl ¡ ø Ú À ¬ ı ø √Ó ¬¬ Û ≈© Û̃ ± ˘ … fl ¡ ± ù̈ œ À ¬ ı ˛ø ˙ ¯ ∏… ± À √¬ ı ˛˝ √± À Ó ¬ ø √˚ ˛± ’ ±œ̇ ¬ ı «± √fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛Ú ¤ ¬ ı — ¬ ı À Ú̆ – ì ø ¤ È ¬’ ± ø ˜ ˜ ± À fl ¡ø Ú À ¬ ı √Ú fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ˛˚ ˛± ø  √˘ ±º̃ ’ ± ¬ ı ˛˝ √ø ¬ ı ˛› Ú̊ ˛, ¤ ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛ë˜ ± ˜ ± íº ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛¶ §À √ À̇ õ ∂˜ ˆ ¬ ± ø ¸ ˚ ˛± ø · ˚ ˛± À  √º ¤ ‡ Ú Œ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˘ ë˜ ± ˜ ± í. . . ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛‡ ≈¬ ı ’ Ú … ± ˚ ˛˝ √À ˚ ˛À  √º ˜ ± ’ ± ˜ ± À fl ¡ ¬ ı À̆ Ú̆ , ë ø̊ √˝ ◊√¬ ı ± Œ • °2 6 √¬ ı ˛± ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛ ˜ ø µ À ¬ ı ˛Ï ≈¬ À fl ¡ ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛ õ ∂ø Ó ¬ ˜ ± ’ ¬ Û ø ¬ ı S fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛, Œ Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛Ó ¬ ± À Ó ¬ø fl ¡ ∑ Ó ≈¬ ˝ ◊√ ’ ± ˜ ± À fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛é ¬ ± fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ˛¸ , Ú ± ’ ± ø ˜ Œ Ó ¬ ± À fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛é ¬ ± fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ˛∑ î ¸ ≈Ó ¬ ¬ ı ˛± — ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛’ ± ¬ ı ˛¶ §À √˙ Œ õ ∂˜ ¬ ı À ˘ ø fl ≈¡  ≈√ Œ Ú̋ ◊√, ¤ ‡ Ú ’ ± ø ˜ Œ  √± È ¬øq̇ . . . î ¶ §±œ̃ Ê √œ ¬ ı ˛¸ ˜ ≈ √˚ ˛ õ ∂fl ‘¡ ø Ó ¬ ¤̋ ◊√ ¸ À̃ ˚ ˛˜ ± ø ˚ ˛fl ¡ ¸ — ¶ ®± ¬ ı ˛¸ ˜ ≈À ˝ √¬ ı ˛Î ¬ ◊À X «Î ¬ ◊ø Í ¬ ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛Ê √Ú … Œ ˙ ¯ ∏Œ ‰ ¬ © ܱ fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬ ø  √ º̆ ì ¬ Í ± fl ≈¡ À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı Ê √Ú̧ ± Ò ± ¬ ı ˛À Ì ¬ ı ˛ À̃ Ò … õ ∂‰ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ À ä ¬ ı ± — ˘ ± ˆ ¬ ± ¯ ∏± ˚ ˛¤ fl ¡ ‡ ± ø Ú ¸ — ¬ ı ± √¬ Û S ¬ ı ± ø ˝ √¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬˝ √˝ ◊√À ¬ ı º ¶ §±œ̃ ø S & Ì ± Ó ¬ œ Ó ¬¤̋ ◊√¬ ı ˛+ À ¬ Û fl ¡ ± ˚ «ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛¢ ∂˝ √Ì fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ˛˚ ˛± 1 3 0 5 ¸ ± À ˘ ¬ ı ˛ 1̆ ± ˜ ± ‚ ¤̋ ◊√ ¬ Û S õ ∂fl ¡ ± ˙ fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ˛À Ú̆ º ¶ §±œ̃ Ê √œ ‹ ¬ Û À S ¬ ı ˛ë Î ¬ ◊À ¡ Z ± Ò Ú íÚ ± ˜ À̃ Ú ± Ú œ Ó ¬ fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛Ú º ¶ §±œ̃ Œ ¸ ± À ù̃ ´ ¬ ı ˛± Ú µ ¡ Z ± ¬ ı ˛± ¸ — fl ¡ øÓ̆ ¬ë ¶ §±œ̃ ø ¬ ı À ¬ ı fl ¡ ± Ú À µ ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± Ì œ › ¬ ı ˛‰ ¬ Ú ± ¬ ı ˛í ë ¶ §±œ̃ ø ˙ ¯ ∏… ¸ — ¬ ı ± √í ’ Ú ≈· Ó ¬ ¬ ı ± Ó «¬ ± ˘ ± À ¬ Û 1 8 9 9 ‡ Ëœ © ܱ À s ¬ ı ˛Ê √± Ú ≈˚ ˛± ø ¬ ı ˛˜ ± À ¸ ¶ §±œ̃ Ê √œ ¤ fl ¡ ø ˙ ¯ ∏… À fl ¡ ¬ ı À̆  √Ú – ëÎ ¬ ◊À ¡ Z ± Ò À Ú í¸ ± Ò ± ¬ ı ˛Ì À fl ¡ Œ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˘ positive ideas ø √À Ó ¬˝ √À ¬ ı º Negative thought ˜ ± Ú ≈¯ ∏À fl ¡ weak fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛ Œ √˚ ˛º Œ √‡ ± ø √¸ Ú ± , Œ ˚ ¸ fl ¡ ˘ ˜ ± ¬ ı ± ¬ Û Œ  √À À̆ √¬ ı ˛ø √Ú ¬ ı ˛± Ó ¬ Œ ˘ ‡ ± ¬ Û Î ¬ ˇ± ¬ ı ˛Ê √Ú … Ó ¬ ± Î ¬ ˇ± Œ √˚ ˛, ¬ ı À ˘ , ¤ È ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛ø fl ¡  ≈√˝ √À ¬ ı Ú ± Œ ¬ ı ± fl ¡ ± · ± Ò ± , Ó ¬ ± À √¬ ı ˛Œ  √À ˘ & ø ˘ ’ À Ú fl ¡ ¶ öÀ ˘ Ó ¬ ± ˝ ◊√ ˝ √À ˚ ˛ “√± Î ¬ ˇ± ˚ ˛º Œ  √À À̆ √¬ ı ˛ˆ ¬ ± ˘ ¬ ı À̆ ˘ Î ¬ ◊» ¸ ± ˝ √ø √À ˘ ¸ À̃ ˚ ˛ ø Ú ( ˚ ˛ˆ ¬ ± ˘ ˝ √˚ ˛º Œ  √À À̆ √¬ ı ˛¬ Û À é ¬±̊ ø Ú̊ ˛˜ , children in the region of higher thoughts ¸ • §À g › Ó ¬ ± ˝ ◊√º Positive ideas ø √À Ó ¬¬ Û ± ¬ ı ˛À ˘ ¸ ± Ò ± ¬ ı ˛À Ì ˜ ± Ú ≈¯ ∏˝ √À ˚ ˛Î ¬ ◊Í ¬ À ¬ ı › ø Ú À Ê √¬ ı ˛¬ Û ± À ˚ ˛ “√± Î ¬ ˇ± À Ó ¬ø ˙ ‡ À ¬ ı º ˆ ¬ ± ¯ ∏± ¸ ± ø ˝ √Ó ¬ … , √˙ «Ú fl ¡ ø ¬ ı Ó ¬ ± , ø ˙ ä ¸ fl ¡ ˘ ø ¬ ı ¯ ∏À ˚ ˛ ±̊ ø ‰ ¬ ôL ± › Œ ‰ ¬ © Ü ±±̃ Ú ≈¯ ∏ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À  √, Ó ¬ ± À Ó ¬ˆ ≈¬ ˘ Ú ± Œ √ø ‡ À ˚ ˛‹ ¸ ¬ ı ø ¬ ı ¯ ∏˚ ˛Œ fl ¡Ú̃ fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛S ê À ˜ S ê À ˜ ’ ± ¬ ı ˛› ˆ ¬ ± ˘ ¬ ı ˛fl ¡ ˜ ¬ Û ± ¬ ı ˛À ¬ ı , Ó ¬ ± ˝ ◊√ ¬ ı À ˘ ø √À Ó ¬˝ √À ¬ ı º w̃ õ ∂˜ ± √Œ √‡ ± À ˘ ˜ ± Ú ≈À ¯ ∏¬ ı ˛ feeling wounded ˝ √˚ ˛º Í ¬ ± fl ≈¡ ¬ ı ˛À fl ¡ Œ √À ‡ ø  √±̊ À √¬ ı ˛’ ± ˜ ¬ ı ˛± Œ̋ √˚ ˛ À̃ Ú fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛Ó ¬ ± ˜ , Ó ¬ ± À √¬ ı ˛› ø Ó ¬ ø Ú Î ¬ ◊» ¸ ± ˝ √ø √À ˚ ˛Ê √œ À ¬ ı À Ú ¬ ı ˛ ˜ ø Ó ¬ · ø Ó ¬ ø Ù ¬ ø ¬ ı ˛À ˚ ˛ø √À Ó ¬ Ú º Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛ø ˙ é ¬ ± Œ √› ˚ ˛± ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛fl ¡È̃ ¬ ± ’ æ ≈√Ó ¬ º ìŒ Ó ¬ ± À √¬ ı ˛ history, literature, mythology õ ∂ˆ ‘¬ ø Ó ¬¸ fl ¡ ˘ ˙ ± ¶ a¢ ∂L ö˜ ± Ú ≈¯ ∏À fl ¡Œ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˘ ˆ ¬ ˚ ˛˝ ◊√ Œ √‡ ± À 2 6 √º ˜ ± Ú ≈¯ ∏À fl ¡ Œ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˘ ¬ ı À̆  √Ó ≈¬ ˝ ◊√ Ú ¬ ı ˛À fl ¡±̊ ø ¬ ı , Œ Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛’ ± ¬ ı ˛Î ¬ ◊¬ Û ± ˚ ˛Œ Ú̋ ◊√º Ó ¬ ± ˝ ◊√ ¤ Ó ¬’ ¬ ı i̧ ßÓ ¬ ± ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬ ¬ ı ˛’ ø ô¶ 7̃ ¡ ¡ ¡ ± ˚ ˛ õ ∂À ¬ ı ˙ fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛À  √º Œ ¸ ˝ ◊√ Ê √Ú … Œ ¬ ı √Œ ¬ ı √± À ôL ¬ ı ˛Î ¬ ◊2 ‰ ¬Î ¬ ◊2 ‰ ¬ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı & ø ˘ ¸ ± √± fl ¡ Ô ± ˚ ˛˜ ± Ú ≈¯ ∏À fl ¡¬ ı ≈ø Á ¡ À ˚ ˛ø √À Ó ¬˝ √À ¬ ı º ̧ √± ‰ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛, ¸ ¡ Z … ± ¬ ı ˝ √± ¬ ı ˛› ø ¬ ı √… ± ø ˙ é ¬ ± ø √À ˚ ˛¬ ı ˱ p ¡ Ì › ‰ ¬ ` ¬ ±À̆ fl ¡ ¤ fl ¡ ˆ ”¬ øÀ̃ Ó ¬ “√± Î ¬ ˇ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛± À Ó ¬˝ √À ¬ ı º Î ¬ ◊À ¡ Z ± Ò Ú fl ¡ ± · À Ê √ ¤̋ ◊√¸ ¬ ı ø Ú À ˚ ˛’ ± ¬ ı ± ˘ ¬ ı ‘X ¬ ı ø Ú Ó ¬ ± À fl ¡Œ Ó ¬ ± ˘ ƒŒ √ø ‡ º Ó ¬ À ¬ ı Ê √± Ú ¬ ı Œ Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛Œ ¬ ı √Œ ¬ ı √± ôL ¬ Û Î ¬ ˇ± ¸ ± Ô «fl ¡˝ √À ˚ ˛À  √º ø fl ¡ ¬ ı ø ˘ ¸ ¬ Û ± ¬ ı ˛ø ¬ ı ∑ -48- ì ± ’ ¬ ı ˛¤ fl ¡ È ¬ ± fl ¡ Ô ± ˙ ¬ ı ˛œ ¬ ı ˛È ¬ ± À fl ¡‡ ≈¬ ı Ễ √¬ ı ≈Ó ¬fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬Œ Ó ¬ ± À fl ¡ø ˙ ‡ À Ó ¬˝ √À ¬ ı › ¸ fl ¡À̆ fl ¡Œ ˙ ‡ ± À Ó ¬˝ √À ¬ ı º Œ √‡ ø  √¸ Ú ± ¤ ‡ Ú › ’ ± ø ˜ Œ ¬ ı ˛± Ê √Î ¬ ±À̃ ¬ ı ˘ fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ˛º Œ ¬ ı ˛± Ê √¸ fl ¡ ±-̆ ģ … ± ˚ ˛Œ ¬ ı Î ¬ ˇ± ø ¬ ı º ˙ ± ¬ ı ˛œ ø ¬ ı ˛fl ¡¬ Û ø ¬ ı ˛| ˜ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛ø ¬ ı º Body and mind must run parallelº ¸ ¬ ı ø ¬ ı ¯ ∏À ˚ ˛¬ Û À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛Î ¬ ◊¬ Û ¬ ı ˛ø Ú̂ «¬ ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À ˘ ‰ ¬À̆ ¬ ı Œ fl ¡ Ú ∑ ˙ ¬ ı ˛œ ¬ ı ˛È ¬ ± ¸ ¬ ı ˘ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛± ¬ ı ˛ õ ∂À ˚ ˛± Ê √Ú œ ˚ ˛Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ≈Á ¡ À Ó ¬¬ Û ± ¬ ı ˛À ˘ ø Ú À Ê √¬ ı ˛± ˝ ◊√ Ó ¬ ‡ Ú ¤ ø ¬ ı ¯ ∏À ˚ ˛ P̊ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À ¬ ı º õ ∂À ˚ ˛± Ê √Ú œ ˚ ˛Ó ¬ ± Œ ¬ ı ± À Ò ¬ ı ˛Ê √Ú … ˝ ◊√ education ¤ ¬ ı ˛ √¬ ı ˛fl ¡ ± ¬ ı ˛º î ¶ §±œ̃ Ê √œ ¤ fl ¡ ¸ ˜ ˚ ˛¬ ı ø ˘ ˚ ˛± ø  √À Ú̆ – ì Ú ¤̃ › ˝ √˝ ◊√À Ó ¬¬ Û ± À ¬ ı ˛Œ ,̊ ’ ± ø ˜ ˝ √˚ ˛À Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ≈ø Á ¡ ¬ ı ¤̋ ◊√ Œ √À ˝ √¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± ø ˝ √À ¬ ı ˛‰ ¬ ø ˘ ˚ ˛±±̊ › ˚ ˛± , ¤̋ ◊√ Œ √˝ √À fl ¡Ê √œ Ì « Œ ¬ Û ± ˙ ± À fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛ À̃ Ó ¬ ± Œ Ù ¬ ø ˘ ˚ ˛± Œ √› ˚ ˛± ˝ ◊√ ’ ±±̃ ¬ ı ˛¬ Û À é ¬ø ˝ √Ó ¬ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛º ø fl ¡ c ’ ± ø ˜ Œ fl ¡ ± À Ú ± ø √Ú fl ¡ ˜ «˝ √˝ ◊√À Ó ¬é ¬ ± ôL ˝ √˝ ◊√¬ ı Ú ± º Ó̊ ¬ ø √Ú Ú ± ¸ ¢̃ ∂Ê √· » ÷ ù́ À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛ À̧ e ¤ fl ¡ Q ’ Ú ≈ˆ ¬ ¬ ı fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬ À  √, Ó ¬ Ó ¬ ø √Ú ’ ± ø ˜ ¸ ¬ ı «S ˜ ± Ú ≈À ¯ ∏¬ ı ˛Œ õ ∂¬ ı ˛Ì ± Ê √± · ± ˝ ◊√À Ó ¬ Ô ± ø fl ¡ ¬ ı º î ¶ §±œ̃ Ê √œ ¬ ı ˛¶ §¬ ı ˛+ ¬ Û ¸ • §À g ø ¬ ı ‰ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛ø  √À Ú̆ Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛ ≈√˝ ◊√ ø ¬ ı À ˙ ¯ ∏ˆ ¬ M ê √˜ … ± fl ¡ ˘ ± Î «¬› ø ¸ à ± ¬ ı ˛ø Ú À ¬ ı ø √Ó ¬ ± º ˜ … ± fl ¡ ˘ ± Î «¬ ¬ ı øÀ̆ Ú̆ , ëø Ó ¬ ø Ú ø  √À Ú̆ ë˜ ”ø Ó «¬ ˜ ± Ú ˙ ø M ê √í ’ ± ¬ ı ˛ø Ú À ¬ ı ø √Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı øÀ̆ Ú̆ , ø Ó ¬ ø Ú ø  √À Ú̆ ë˜ ”ø Ó «¬ ˜ ± Ú Œ ¶ ß˝ √í º ˆ ¬ · ¬ ı » ¬ Û Ô̧ = ± ¬ ı ˛œ ˝ ◊√ø Ó ¬ ˜ ”˘ fl ¡ ¸ ø S ê ˚ ˛ õ ∂œ ø Ó ¬› ˙ ø M ê √¬ ı ˛˜ ”Ó «¬ ø ¬ ı ¢ ∂˝ √˚ ≈· Ú ± ˚ ˛fl ¡ ¶ §±œ̃ ø ¬ ı À ¬ ı fl ¡ ± Ú µ ø ¬ ı ù́ ¬ ı ±œ̧ ¬ ı ˛ ˝ √+ √˚ ˛¡ Z ± À ¬ ı ˛Ú ¬ ı ¬ ı ± Ó «¬ ± ˘ ˝ ◊√˚ ˛± ¸ ˜ ≈¬ Û ø ¶ öÓ ¬Œ fl ¡ Ó ¬ ± ˝ √± À fl ¡ ¬ ı ¬ ı ˛Ì fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ˛˚ ˛± Ú ¬ ı ˚ ≈À · ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛+ ¬ Û ± ˚ ˛Ì Q ¬ ı ˛± ø i ßÓ ¬fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ˛À ¬ ı ∑ î ¤̋ ◊√ ˜ ˝ √± Ú õ ∂À ù ü¬ ı ˛Ê √¬ ı ± ¬ ı ø fl ¡ ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛Ó ¬ ¬ ı ±œ̧ ¬ Û ± ˝ ◊√˚ ˛± À  √∑ Ó ¬ Ô … ¸ ”S – 1 º ¶ ú ‘ø Ó ¬ ¬ ı ˛’ ± À ˘ ± ˚ ˛ø ¬ ı À ¬ ı fl ¡ ± Ú µ , Î ¬ ◊À ¡ Z ± √Ò Ú fl ¡ ± ˚ «± ˘ ˚ ˛º 2 º ˚ ≈· Ú ± ˚ ˛fl ¡ ø ¬ ı À ¬ ı fl ¡ ± Ú µ [ 1 , 2 , 3 ‡ ` ¬ ] ¶ §±œ̃ · y œ ¬ ı ˛± Ú µ º Î ¬ ◊À ¡ Z ± Ò Ú fl ¡ ± ˚ «± ˘ ˚ ˛º 3 º ¶ §±œ̃ ø ¬ ı À ¬ ı fl ¡ ± Ú µ ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± Ì œ › ¬ ı ˛‰ ¬ Ú ± [ ¸ Ç Ú̆ ] , ¶ §±œ̃ Œ ¸ ± À ù̃ ´ ¬ ı ˛± Ú µ , Î ¬ ◊À ¡ Z ± Ò Ú fl ¡ ± ˚ «± ˘ ˚ ˛º -49- With Best Compliments From Vadehra Builders Pvt. Ltd. A Turnkey Interior, Civil and Furniture Manufacturing Company Head Office : D-178, Okhla Industrial Area, Phase-I, New Delhi 110020 Phone: 011-40503600 Fax: 011-26812973 E- mail : mail @vadehrabuilders.com Registered Office : D-40, Defence Colony, New Delhi-110024 -50- Ú ± ˜ ¸ ± Ò Ú ’ Ò … ± ¬ Û fl ¡Î ¬ ± – ø ¬ ı Ò ≈ˆ ”¬ ¯ ∏Ì ‰ ¬ S ê ¬ ı M √π ¿ ¿ ¬ ı ˛± ˜ Í ¬ ± fl ≈¡ ¬ ı ˛ë Œ ¬ ı √¬ ı ± Ì œ íÀ Ó ¬Ú ± ˜ ¸ ± Ò Ú À fl ¡ Ê √œ À ¬ ı ¬ ı ˛ ≈√– ‡ ˜ ≈ø M ê √¬ ı ˛¸ ˝ √Ê √¬ Û Ô ¬ ı À À̆  √Ú º ¤̋ ◊√ ≈√– À ‡ ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ ± ¬ ı ˛Ì ø fl ¡ ∑ ’ ± ˜ ± À √¬ ı ˛ õ ∂± ¬ ı ˛t , ’ ‘√© Ü, ˆ ¬ ± · … ¬ ı ± fl ¡ ˜ «Ù ¬ √˘ ˝ ◊√ ¤̋ ◊√ ≈√– À ‡ ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ ± ¬ ı ˛Ì º [ õ ∂± ¬ ı ˛t , ˆ ¬ ± · … , ’ ‘√© ܬ ı ± fl ¡ ˜ «Ù ¬À̆ fl ¡ ¸ ˜ ± Ô «fl ¡ṡ ¬ ı À ˘ ¬ ı … ¬ ı ˝ √± ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛± ˝ √À ˚ ˛À  √º ] ˆ ¬ · ¬ ı ± Ú ˘ ± ˆ ¬Ú ± ˝ √› ˚ ˛± ¬ Û̊ «… ôL ¤̋ ◊√ ≈√– ‡ ˝ √À Ó ¬’ ± ˜ ¬ ı ˛± ˜ ≈ø M ê √¬ Û ± ˝ ◊√ Ú ± º fl ¡ Ó ‘«¬ Q ¬ ı ≈ø X › ’ ˝ √— fl ¡ ± ¬ ı ˛Ó ¬ … ± · Ú ± ˝ √› ˚ ˛± ¬ Û̊ «… ôL ’ ±±̃ À √¬ ı ˛ˆ ¬ · ¬ ı » √±Q̧ ¤ ¬ ı — ˆ ¬ · ¬ ı ± Ú ˘ ± ˆ ¬ ˝ √˚ ˛Ú ± º ’ ± ø ˜ ˆ ¬ · ¬ ı ± À Ú ¬ ı ˛ √± ¸ ¤̋ ◊√ ¬ ı ≈ø X Œ Ô À fl ¡ fl ¡ Ó «‘¬ Q ¬ ı ≈ø X ¤ ¬ ı — õ ∂± ¬ ı ˛t ˜ ≈ø M ê √ y̧ ¬ ı ˝ √˚ ˛º ˆ ¬ · ¬ ı ± À Ú ¬ ı ˛’ ± | À ˚ ˛˚ ‡ Ú Ô ± ø fl ¡ Ó ¬ ‡ Ú ˝ √˝ ◊√ ˆ ¬ · ¬ ı … ± ¸ , Ú ± ˝ √À ˘ ˚ ‡ Ú ’ ˝ √— fl ¡ ± ¬ ı ˛› fl ¡ Ó ‘«¬ Q ¬ ı ≈ø X Ô ± À fl ¡ Ó ¬ ‡ Ú fl ¡ ˜ «Ù ¬ ˘ ’ ± ˝ √¬ ı ˛Ì fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛’ ± ˜ ¬ ı ˛± ˝ √˝ ◊√ õ ∂± ¬ ı ˛À t ¬ ı ˛ √±º̧ Ó ¬ ± ˝ ◊√ Í ¬ ± fl ≈¡ ¬ ı ˛¬ ı À̆ Ó ¬ Ú ’ ± ˜ ¬ ı ˛± Ê √œ ¬ ı ø Ú Ó ¬ … √± ¸ ˝ √˚ ˛ õ ∂± ¬ ı ˛À t ¬ ı ˛ √± ¸ , Ú ± ˝ √À ˘ ˆ ¬ · ¬ ı ± À Ú ¬ ı ˛ √±º̧ ¿ ¿ Í ¬ ± fl ≈¡ À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛1 9 4 9 ¸ ± À ˘ Œ √˝ √Ó ¬ … ± · ˝ √¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛¬ Û ¬ ı ˛ø ¸ “ø Ô ∆ ¬ ı ¯ û¬ ı ¸ ˜ ± Ê √Œ Ô À fl ¡ Ó “¬ ± ¬ ı ˛¸ • §À g ¤ fl ¡ ø È ¬¬ Û ≈ø ô¶ fl ¡ ± õ ∂fl ¡ ± øÓ̇ ¬˝ √˚ ˛º Ó “¬ ± ¬ ı ˛± øÀ̆ ‡ ø  √À Ú̆ Œ ˚ ˜ ˝ √± õ ∂ˆ ≈¬ ¬ ı ˛¬ Û ¬ ı ˛Ú ± À ˜ ¬ ı ˛˜ ˝ √± R … ¤̃ Ú ˆ ¬ ± À ¬ ı ’ ± ¬ ı ˛Œ fl ¡ ˝ √ õ ∂‰ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛Ú Ú ± ˝ ◊√º Í ¬ ± fl ≈¡ ¬ ı ˛’ ± ˜ ± À √¬ ı ˛ˆ ¬ · ¬ ı » √±Q̧ ˘ ± ˆ ¬fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛± ¬ ı ˛Ê √Ú … Ú ± À ˜ ¬ ı ˛’ ± | ˚ ˛ø Ú À Ó ¬¬ ı À À̆  √Ú º Í ¬ ± fl ≈¡ À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛ˆ ¬ M ê √¬ Û ”Ì «· ± e ≈ø ˘ ˜ ˝ √±À̇ ˚ ˛¬ ı ˛¬ Û ≈S ¬ ı Ò ”À fl ¡ ø Ê √: ± ¸ ± fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛ø  √˘ ± ˜ , ìÍ ¬ ± fl ≈¡ ¬ ı ˛’ ± ¬ Û Ú ± À fl ¡ ø fl ¡ Î ¬ ◊¬ Û À √˙ ø √À ˚ ˛ø  √À Ú̆ ∑ î ø Ó ¬ ø Ú ’ ±±̃ À fl ¡ ¬ ı À ˘ ø  √À Ú̆ , ì ¬ Í ± fl ≈¡ ¬ ı ˛¬ ı À̆ Ó ¬ Ú , ˝ √± Ó ¬ø √À ˚ ˛ fl ¡ ± Ê √ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À ¬ ı Ú ¤ ¬ ı — ˜ ≈À ‡ ˝ √ø ¬ ı ˛Ú ± ˜ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À ¬ ı Ú º î Í ¬ ± fl ≈¡ ¬ ı ˛’ À Ú fl ¡ ¸ ˜ ˚ ˛∆ ¬ ı ¯ û¬ ı À √¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ Ô ± Î ¬ ◊X ‘Ó ¬ fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı À̆ Ó ¬ Ú , ìŒ ˚ ˝ ◊√ Ú ± ˜ Œ ¸ ˝ ◊√ fl ‘¡ ¯ û, ˆ ¬ Ê √ø Ú á¬± fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ˛º Ú ± À ˜ ¬ ı ˛ À̧ e ø Ù ¬ À ¬ ı ˛Ú ’ ± ¬ Û ø Ú ¿ ˝ √ø ¬ ı ˛º î Œ ˚ ‡ ± À Ú Ú ± ˜ ˝ √˚ ˛Œ ¸ ‡ ± À Ú ˆ ¬ · ¬ ı ± Ú Î ¬ ◊¬ Û ø ¶ öÓ ¬Ô ± À fl ¡ Ú , fl ¡ ± ¬ ı ˛Ì Ú ± ˜ ’ ± ¬ ı ˛ fl ‘¡ ¯ û ¤ fl ¡¤ ¬ ı — Œ ˚ ‡ ± À Ú fl ‘¡ ¯ û Œ ¸ ¶ ö± À Ú̋ ◊√ ¬ ı ‘µ ± ¬ ı Ú º fl ¡ ± À Ê √˝ ◊√ Ú ± ˜ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬ ’ ± ˜ ¬ ı ˛± ¬ ı ‘µ ± ¬ ı Ú ¬ ı ±œ̧ ˝ ◊√ ˝ √À ˚ ˛ ±̊ ˝ ◊√º Ó̊ ¬ é ¬ Ì Ú ± ˜ fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ˛, Ó ¬ Ó ¬ é ¬ Ì Ó “¬ ± ¬ ı ˛’ ± | À ˚ ˛’ ± ø  √, ¤ fl ¡ Ô ±À̃ Ú ¬ ı ˛± ‡ À Ó ¬˝ √˚ ˛º Í ¬ ± fl ≈¡ ¬ ı ˛¬ ı À̆ Ó ¬ Ú Ú ± ˜ fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛Ú ± À ˜ ¬ ı ˛ À̧ e Ô ± fl ¡ ± ˝ ◊√ ˆ ¬ · ¬ ı ± À Ú ¬ ı ˛Œ ¸ ¬ ı ± º ¤̋ ◊√ Œ ¸ ¬ ı ± À Ó ¬ ˝ ◊√ ˆ ¬ · ¬ ı » √±Q̧ ’ ± ˜ ± À √¬ ı ˛˘ ± ˆ ¬˝ √˚ ˛¤ ¬ ı — ’ ± ˜ ± À √¬ ı ˛’ ˝ √— fl ¡ ± ¬ ı ˛ ”√¬ ı ˛ ˝ √˚ ˛º ’ ˝ √— fl ¡ ± ¬ ı ˛˙ ”Ú … ˝ √À ˚ ˛ fl ¡ ± Ê √fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À ˘ ’ ±±̃ À √¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ ˜ «Ù ¬ ˘ ¬ ı ± õ ∂± ¬ ı ˛t Ô ± À fl ¡ Ú ± º -51- õ ∂± ¬ ı ˛t ’ ± ˜ ± À √¬ ı ˛Ú ± ˜ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬è ø ‰ ¬Œ √˚ ˛Ú ± , Ó ¬ ¬ ı ≈› ’ ± ˜ ¬ ı ˛± õ ∂± ¬ ı ˛t Œ ¬ ı · ¸ ˝ √… fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛Œ ‰ ¬ © ܱ fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛Ú ± ˜ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À ˘ S ê À ˜ Ú ± À ˜ è ø ‰ ¬ ’ ±À̧ ¬ ı ¤ ¬ ı — Ú ± ˜ ’ ˜ ‘Ó ¬ ¶ §¬ ı ˛+ ¬ Û À̃ Ú ˝ √À ¬ ı º ¸ fl ¡ ± À ˘ ¬ ı ±ģ … ± ˚ ˛Ú ± ˜ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛±±̊ ˚ ˛¤ ¬ ı — ¬ Û À ¬ ı ˛¸ ≈ø ¬ ı Ò ±Ó̃ ¬ ˚ ‡ Ú ¸ ˜ ˚ ˛¬ Û ± › ˚ ˛±±̊ ˚ ˛Ú ± ˜ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬ ˝ √˚ ˛º Ú ± ˜ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À ˘ ’ ± ˜ ± À √¬ ı ˛Ê √œ ¬ ı À Ú ’ ± Ú µ ’ ± À ¸ › ẽ ˘ ˝ √˚ ˛º Ú ± ˜ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛± ¬ ı ˛¸ ˜ ˚ ˛ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı À Ó ¬˝ √˚ ˛¤ Ú ± À ˜ ¬ ı ˛ Ó̃ ¬˙ ± ø ôL › ’ ± Ú µ ’ ± ¬ ı ˛ø fl ¡  ≈√À Ó ¬Ú ± ˝ ◊√, Ú ± À ˜ ¬ ı ˛ Ó̃ ¬’ ± ¬ Û Ú › ¬ ı g ≈Ê √Ú ’ ± ¬ ı ˛Œ fl ¡ ˝ √˝ ◊√ Ú ± ˝ ◊√º ¤ ¬ ı ˛fl ¡ ˜ ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı À Ó ¬ ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı À Ó ¬ Ú ± À ˜ Œ õ ∂˜ ’ ±À̧ ¬ ı º Í ¬ ± fl ≈¡ ¬ ı ˛¬ ı À À̆  √Ú , ì& è ¬ ı À̆ Ó ¬Ú ± ˜ ˝ ◊√ & è º & è ¬ ı ˛ À̧ e ¸ • §g ¬ Û ¬ ı ˛˜ ± Ú µ ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı , Ú ± À ˜ ¬ ı ˛’ Ô «ø ‰ ¬ ôL ±ø̃ Ì º Ú ± ˜ õ ∂ø Ó ¬ ᬱ fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ˛˚ ˛± Ô ± ø fl ¡ À ˘ ¤ ¬ ı — ¸ ¬ ı « √± Ú ± À ˜ ¬ ı ˛¬ Û ø ¬ ı ˛‰ ¬ ˚ «… ± fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬Ú ± À ˜ è ø ‰ ¬˝ √˚ ˛º Ú ± À ˜ è ø ‰ ¬˝ √˝ ◊√À ˘ Ú ± ˜ ¸ — fl ¡ œ Ó «¬ Ú ˝ √˚ ˛, ˝ ◊√˝ √± À fl ¡ ø Ú Ó ¬ … ± Ú µ ¬ ı À º̆ Œ ¸ ˝ ◊√ Ú ± ˜ ’ ± ¬ ı ˛ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˆ ¬ ø M ê √¤ fl ¡ ˝ ◊√ ø Ê √ø Ú̄ ∏. . . . . î Œ ¬ ı √¬ ı ± Ì œ [ 3̊ 1 8 9 ] With Best Compliments From ENGEE HOLIDAYS (A Unit of Engnee Tours and Travels) Approved by Ministry of Tourism, Govt. of India 5K, Gopala Tower, 25, Rajendra Place, New Delhi – 110008 Tel.: +91-11-42371111 Fax. +91-11-41538811 Handheld: +91-9811622000 E-mail.: [email protected] Website: www.engeeholidays.com P.S.A.-TUI -52- ìõ ∂Ì ø ˜ Œ Ó ¬ ± ˜ ± ˚ ˛î [ ¶ §±œ̃ ø ¬ ı À ¬ ı fl ¡ ± Ú À µ ¬ ı ˛¸ ± Ò « Ó̇ ¬ ¬ ı À ¯ ∏« | X ± ‚ «… ] · œ Ó ¬ ± ¸ ± ˝ √± ¶ §±œ̃ Ê √œ Œ Ó ¬ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛’ ± ø ¬ ı ˆ «¬ ± À ¬ ı ¬ ı ˛¸ ± X « Ó̇ ¬ ¬ ı ¯ ∏« ¬ Û ”ø Ó «¬Î ¬ ◊¬ Û À̆ é ¬ … Œ Ó ¬ ± ˜ ± À fl ¡ Ê √± Ú ± ˝ ◊√ ’ ±±̃ À √¬ ı ˛’ ôL À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛ õ ∂Ì ±º̃ ¸ ”˚ «… ¸ ˜ Œ Ó ¬ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛ õ ∂fl ¡ ± ˙ , øÀ̇ ¬ ı ¬ ı ˛’ — ˙ ø ¬ ı À ˙ ¯ ∏Ó ≈¬ ø,̃ Œ Ó ¬ ±±̃ ¬ ı ˛Î ¬ ◊¬ Û̃ ± Ó ≈¬ ø ˜ ø Ú À Ê √º Œ̋ √¬ ı œ ¬ ı ˛ i̧ ß… ±œ̧ Ó ≈¬ ø ˜ ˝ ◊√ ø ˙ ø ‡ À ˚ ˛À  √± ‰ ¬ ` ¬ ± ˘ , ˜ ≈ø ‰ ¬ , Œ Ỗ ¬ ı ˛’ ±±̃ ¬ ı ˛ˆ ¬ ± ˝ ◊√º Œ Ó ¬ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛Œ Ô À fl ¡ ˝ ◊√ ±̃ Ú ¬ ı øÀ̇ ‡ À  √ø ˙ ¬ ı : ± À Ú Ê √œ À ¬ ı ¬ ı ˛Œ ¸ ¬ ı ± º · e ± Ê √À ˘ · e ± ¬ Û ”Ê √± , Œ Ó ¬ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛ø ‰ ¬ Ó ¬ì¬ı ± Ì œ › ¬ ı ˛‰ ¬ Ú ± î Œ Ô À fl ¡ø fl ¡ ˚ ˛ √± — ˙ ¶ ú¬ ı ˛Ì fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛Œ Ó ¬ ±±̃ À fl ¡Ê √± Ú ± ˝ ◊√ ’ ± ˜ ± À √¬ ı ˛ ¸ | X õ ∂Ì ø Ó ¬ Œ Ó ¬ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛’ ± √˙ «À fl ¡ø̊ √ø fl ¡  ≈√ ±̃ S ’ Ú ≈¸ ¬ ı ˛Ì fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬ ¬ Û ± ø ¬ ı ˛Ó ¬ À ¬ ı ˝ ◊√ Ê √± Ú À ¬ ı ± ’ ± ˜ ± À √¬ ı ˛¬ Û ”Ê √± ¸ ± Ô «fl ¡ º ë’ Ú ±M̧ ê √í ˝ √› , ¸ ¬ ı ¬ ı … ± ¬ Û ± ¬ ı ˛‰ ¬ øÀ̆ Ó ¬Ô ± fl ≈¡ fl ¡ , ˜ ø ô¶ © ®Œ fl ¡ f & ø ˘ fl ¡ ˜ « fl ¡ è fl ¡ º ø Ú ¬ ı ˛ôL ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ ˜ « fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛, ø fl ¡ c ¤ fl ¡ ø È ¬ Ó ¬ ¬ ı ˛e Œ Ú̊ Ú̃ À fl ¡ ¬ Û ¬ ı ˛± ˆ ”¬ Ó ¬Ú ± fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬¬ Û ± À ¬ ı ˛º Ó ≈¬ ø ˜ ¸ — ¸ ± À ¬ ı ˛ø ¬ ı À √ œ̇ ¬ Û ø Ô fl ¡ , Œ Ú̊ ≈√ø √À Ú ¬ ı ˛Ê √À Ú … ’ ± ø ¸ ˚ ˛± À  √± ¤̋ ◊√ ˆ ¬ ± À ¬ ı fl ¡ ˜ « fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ˛˚ ˛±±̊ › º ø Ú ¬ ı ˛ôL ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ ˜ «fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛ø fl ¡ c ø Ú À Ê √À fl ¡ ¬ ı g À Ú Œ Ù ¬ ø ˘ › Ú ± , ¬ ı g Ú ¬ ı Î ¬ ˇˆ ¬ ˚ ˛± Ú fl ¡ º ¤̋ ◊√ Ê √· » ’ ± ˜ ± À √¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± ¸ ˆ ”¬ ø ˜ Ú̊ ˛º Ú ± Ú ± ’ ¬ ı ¶ ö± ¬ ı ˛ø ˆ ¬ Ó ¬ ¬ ı ˛ø √˚ ˛± ’ ± ˜ ¬ ı ˛± ‰ ¬ ø ˘ ˚ ˛± , ¤̋ ◊√ ¸ — ¸ ± ¬ ı ˛¤̋ ◊√ ¬ Û ‘ø Ô ¬ ı œ Œ ¸ & ø ˘ ¬ ı ˛˝ ◊√ ¤ fl ¡ ø È ¬ º ¸ ± — À ‡ … ¬ ı ˛Œ ¸ ˝ ◊√ ˜ ˝ √± ¬ ı ± fl ¡ … ¶ ú¬ ı ˛Ì ¬ ı ˛± ø ‡ › ë¸ ˜ ≈ √˚ ˛ õ ∂fl ‘¡ ø Ó ¬ ’ ± R ± ¬ ı ˛Ê √À Ú … , ’ ± R ± õ ∂fl ‘¡ ø Ó ¬ ¬ ı ˛Ê √À Ú … Ú̊ ˛º í[ õ ∂Ỗ ‡ ` ¬¬ Û ‘– 6 2 ] õ ∂Ỗ ‡ G ¬ Û ‘– 1 4 3 ˝ ◊√˝ √À ˘ ± À fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛› ¬ Û ¬ ı ˛À ˘ ± À fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛¸ ¬ ı ¬ ı ±Ú̧ ±  √± Î ¬ ˇÀ Ó ¬˝ √À ¬ ı , ‰ ¬ ± ˝ ◊√À Ó ¬˝ √À ¬ ı q Ò ≈ˆ ¬ · ¬ ı ± Ú ’ ± ¬ ı ˛ Ó̧ ¬ … º Ó̧ ¬ … › ˆ ¬ · ¬ ı ± Ú À fl ¡˘ ± ˆ ¬fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛± ¬ ı ˛Ê √Ú … Ó ¬ œ ¬ ı Ë’ ± fl ¡ ± ∫ ± ‰ ¬ ± ˝ ◊√º Œ ˚ ±̃ Ú ≈¯ ∏Ê √À ˘ Î ≈¬ À ¬ ı À  √, Œ ¸ Œ ˚ Ú̃ ¬ ı ± Ó ¬ ± À ¸ ¬ ı ˛ Ê √À Ú … ¬ ı … ± fl ≈¡ ˘ ˝ √˚ ˛, ø Í ¬ fl ¡ Œ Ó ¬ ˜ ø Ú ¬ ı … ± fl ≈¡ ˘ ˝ √› ,Ó̧ ¬ … › ˆ ¬ · ¬ ı ± À Ú ¬ ı ˛Ê √À Ú … ‹ ¬ ı ˛fl ¡ ˜ ’ Ò œ ¬ ı ˛˝ √› º ’ ¬ Û ¬ ı ˛ø √À fl ¡¸ — ¸ ± ø ¬ ı ˛fl ¡ø ¬ ı ¯ ∏À ˚ ˛’ ø ˆ ¬ : ¬ ı … ø M ê √· Ì ¬ ı À Ú̆ , Ò̃ «, √˙ «Ú ¤ ¸ ¬ ı ¬ ı ± À Ê √ø Ê √ø Ú̄ ∏˘ ˝ ◊√˚ ˛± ˜ ± Ô ± ‚ ± ˜ ± ˝ ◊√› Ú ± º ¸ — ¸ ± À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± ¸ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛ , ¤̋ ◊√ ¸ — ¸ ± ¬ ı ˛ø Ú Ó ¬ ± ôL ’ q̂ ¬ ¬ Û ”Ì «¬ ı À È ¬ , ø fl ¡ c Ó̊ ¬ ”√¬ ı ˛¬ Û ± À ¬ ı ˛± ˝ ◊√˝ √± ¬ ı ˛¸ ¡ Z … ¬ ı ˝ √± ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ˛˚ ˛± ˘ › º î ¸ ± √± fl ¡ Ô ± ˚ ˛˝ ◊√˝ √± ¬ ı ˛’ Ô « ¤̋ ◊√, ø √¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛± S ˆ ¬ ` ¬ ± ø ˜ , øỖ … ± ‰ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛› õ ∂Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛Ì ± ¬ ı ˛Ê √œ ¬ ı Ú ±̊ ¬ Û Ú fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛Œ Ó ¬ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛ é ¬ Ó ¬ & ø ˘ Ó̊ ¬ ”√¬ ı ˛¬ Û ± À ¬ ı ˛± Ï ¬ ± ø fl ¡ ˚ ˛± ¬ ı ˛± À ‡ ± º Ó ¬ ± ø ˘ ¬ ı ˛Î ¬ ◊¬ Û ¬ ı ˛Ó ¬ ± ø ˘ Œ √› , Œ À̇ ¯ ∏ õ ∂fl ‘¡ Ó ¬ø Ê √ø Ú̄ ∏È ¬ ± ˝ ◊√ Œ Ú̊ Ú © Ü˝ √˝ ◊√˚ ˛±±̊ ˚ ˛, ’ ± ¬ ı ˛Ó ≈¬ ø ˜ Œ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˘ ¤ fl ¡ ø È ¬Œ Ê √± Î ¬ ˇ± Ó ¬ ± ø ˘ ¬ ı ˛¸ ˜ ø © ÜÀ Ó ¬¬ Û ø ¬ ı ˛Ì Ó ¬˝ √› º ˝ ◊√˝ √± À fl ¡ ˝ ◊√ ¬ ı À ˘ ¸ ± — ¸ ± ø ¬ ı ˛fl ¡Ê √œ ¬ ı Ú º ±̊ ˝ √± ¬ ı ˛± ¤̋ ◊√¬ ı ˛+ ¬ Û Œ Ê √± Î ¬ ˇ± Ó ¬ ± ø ˘ ˘ ˝ ◊√˚ ˛±ç © ÜÓ ¬ ± ˝ √± ¬ ı ˛± fl ¡ ‡ Ú › Ò̃ «˘ ± ˆ ¬fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬¬ Û ± ø ¬ ı ˛À ¬ ı Ú ± º ˚ ‡ Ú Ê √œ ¬ ı À Ú ¬ ı ˛¬ ı Ó «¬±̃ Ú ’ ¬ ı ¶ ö± ˚ ˛ˆ ¬ ˚ ˛± Ú fl ¡ ’ ˙ ± ø ôL Î ¬ ◊¬ Û ø ¶ öÓ ¬˝ √˚ ˛, ˚ ‡ Ú ø Ú À Ê √¬ ı ˛Î ¬ ◊¬ Û ¬ ı ˛’ ± ¬ ı ˛˜ Ó̃ ¬ ± Ô ± À fl ¡ Ú ± , ˚ ‡ Ú ¤̋ ◊√¬ ı ˛+ ¬ Û Ó ¬ ± ø ˘ Œ √› ˚ ˛± ¬ ı ˛ Î ¬ ◊¬ Û À ¬ ı ˛ˆ ¬ ˚ ˛± Ú fl ¡‚ ‘Ì ± Î ¬ ◊¬ Û ø ¶ öÓ ¬˝ √˚ ˛, ˚ ‡ Ú øỖ … ± › õ ∂¬ ı = Ú ± ¬ ı ˛Î ¬ ◊¬ Û À ¬ ı ˛ˆ ¬ ˚ ˛± Ú fl ¡ø ¬ ı Ó ‘¬ ¯ û± Ê √i j ± ˚ ˛, Ó ¬ ‡ Ú̋ ◊√ Ò À ˜ «¬ ı ˛ ’ ± ¬ ı ˛y º ¬ ı ≈X À √¬ ı Œ ¬ ı ± ø Ò ¬ ı ‘À é ¬ ¬ ı ˛Ú œ À ‰ ¬ ¬ ı ø ¸ ˚ ˛± ‘√Ï ¬ ˇ¶ §À ¬ ı ˛ ±̊ ˝ √± ¬ ı ø ˘ ˚ ˛± À  √Ú , Œ ¸ fl ¡ Ô ± Œ ˚ õ ∂± Ì ˝ √˝ ◊√À Ó ¬ ¬ ı øÀ̆ Ó ¬ ¬ Û ± À ¬ ı ˛, Œ -̧ -53- ˝ ◊√ Œ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˘ Ò ± ø ˜ «fl ¡ ˝ √˝ ◊√¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛Œ ±̊ · … º ¸ — ¸ ± ¬ ı ˛œ ˝ √˝ ◊√¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛˝ ◊√2 6 √± Ó “¬ ± ˝ √± ¬ ı ˛› ˝ √+ √À ˚ ˛¤ fl ¡ ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛Î ¬ ◊ø √Ó ¬˝ √˝ ◊√˚ ˛± ø  √ º̆ Ó ¬ ‡ Ú Ó ¬ ± ˝ √± ¬ ı ˛ ¤̋ ◊√ ’ ¬ ı ¶ ö± – ø Ó ¬ ø Ú ¬ ı ≈ø Á ¡ À Ó ¬ À  √Ú , ¤̋ ◊√ ¸ ± — ¸ ± ø ¬ ı ˛fl ¡ Ê √œ ¬ ı Ú È ¬ ± ¤ À fl ¡ ¬ ı ± À ¬ ı ˛ˆ ≈¬ ˘ , ’ Ô ‰ ¬˝ ◊√˝ √± ˝ √˝ ◊√À Ó ¬¬ ı ± ø ˝ √¬ ı ˛˝ √˝ ◊√¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛Œ fl ¡ ± Ú ¬ Û Ô ’ ± ø ¬ ı ¶ ®± ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬¬ Û ± ø ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬ À  √Ú Ú ± º õ ∂À ˘ ± ˆ ¬ Ú Ó ¬ ± ˝ √± ¬ ı ˛ø Ú fl ¡ È ¬’ ± ø ¬ ı ˆ ≈«¬ Ó ¬˝ √˝ ◊√˚ ˛± ø  √˘ , Œ ¸ Œ Ú̊ ¬ ı ø ˘ ˘ À̧ Ó ¬ … ¬ ı ˛ ’ Ú ≈ ģ ± Ú ¬ Û ø ¬ ı ˛Ó ¬ … ± · fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛, ¸ — ¸ ± À ¬ ı ˛ø Ù ¬ ø ¬ ı ˛˚ ˛± ø · ˚ ˛± ¬ Û ”À ¬ ı «fl ¡ ± ¬ ı ˛ À̃ Ó ¬ ± õ ∂Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛Ì ± ¬ Û ”Ì «Ê √œ ¬ ı Ú ±̊ ¬ Û Ú fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛º ¸ fl ¡ ˘ ø Ê √ø Ú̄ ∏À fl ¡ Ó ¬ ± ˝ √± ¬ ı ˛ˆ ≈¬ ˘ Ú ± À ˜ Î ¬ ± fl ¡ , ø Ú À Ê √¬ ı ˛ø Ú fl ¡ È ¬› ¸ fl ¡ À ˘ ¬ ı ˛ø Ú fl ¡ È ¬ø √Ú ¬ ı ˛± Ó ¬øỖ … ± ¬ ı øÀ̆ Ó ¬Ô ± fl ¡ º ø fl ¡ c Œ ¸ ˝ ◊√ ˜ ˝ √¬ ı œ ¬ ı ˛’ Ó ≈¬ ˘ ø ¬ ı S ê À ˜ Ó ¬ » é ¬ Ú ± » Î ¬ ◊˝ √± À fl ¡ Ê √˚ ˛ fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ˛˚ ˛± Œ Ù ¬ øÀ̆ Ú̆ , ø Ó ¬ ø Ú ¬ ı øÀ̆ Ú̆ ìŒ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˘ ‡ ± ˝ ◊√˚ ˛± ¬ Û ø ¬ ı ˛˚ ˛± ˜ ”À ‡ «¬ ı ˛ À̃ Ó ¬ ± Ê √œ ¬ ı Ú ±̊ ¬ Û Ú ’ À ¬ Û é ¬ ± ˜ ‘Ó ≈¬ … › Œ | ˚ ˛ , ¬ Û ¬ ı ˛± Ê √À ˚ ˛¬ ı ˛Ê √œ ¬ ı Ú̊ ± ¬ Û Ú ’ À ¬ Û é ¬ ± ˚ ≈X À é ¬ À S ˜ ¬ ı ˛± Œ | ˚ ˛º î ˝ ◊√˝ √± ˝ ◊√ Ò À ˜ «¬ ı ˛ø ˆ ¬ ø M √º ˚ ‡ Ú ˜ ± Ú ≈¯ ∏ ¤̋ ◊√ ø ˆ ¬ ø M √¬ ı ˛Î ¬ ◊¬ Û ¬ ı ˛ √G ± ˚ ˛˜ ± Ú ˝ √˚ ˛, Ó ¬ ‡ Ú Œ ¸ Ó̧ ¬ … ˘ ± ˆ ¬fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛¬ Û À Ô ‰ ¬ ø ˘ ˚ ˛± À  √, Œ ¸ ÷ ù́ ¬ ı ˛˘ ± ˆ ¬fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛¬ Û À Ô ‰ ¬ ø ˘ ˚ ˛± À  √¬ ı ≈ø Á ¡ À Ó ¬˝ √˝ ◊√À ¬ ı º Ò ± ø ˜ «fl ¡˝ √˝ ◊√¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛Ê √À Ú … › õ ∂Ô À ˜ ˝ ◊√ ¤̋ ◊√ ‘√Ï ¬ ˇ õ ∂ø Ó ¬ : ± ’ ± ¬ ı ˙ … fl ¡ º ’ ± ø ˜ ø Ú À Ê √¬ ı ˛¬ Û Ô ø Ú À Ê √ fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ˛˚ ˛± ˘ ˝ ◊√¬ ı º Ó̧ ¬ … Ê √± ø Ú ¬ ı ’ Ô ¬ ı ± ¤̋ ◊√ Œ ‰ ¬ © ܱ ˚ ˛ õ ∂± Ì ø √¬ ı , fl ¡ ± ¬ ı ˛Ì ¸ — ¸ ± À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛ø √À fl ¡ Œ Ó ¬ ± ’ ± ¬ ı ˛ø fl ¡  ≈√ ¬ Û ± ˝ ◊√¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛’ ± ˙ ± Ú ± ˝ ◊√, ˝ ◊√˝ √± ˙ ”Ú … ˝ ◊√˝ √± õ ∂ø Ó ¬ ø √Ú ˘ ˚ ˛¬ Û ± ˝ ◊√À Ó ¬ À  √º ’ ± ø Ê √fl ¡ ± ¬ ı ˛¸ ≈µ ¬ ı ˛ ’ ± ˙ ± ¬ Û ”Ì «Ó ¬ è Ì ’ ± · ±œ̃ fl ¡ ± ˘ ¬ ı ‘X º ’ ± ø Ê √fl ¡ ± ¬ ı ˛’ ± ˙ ± ’ ± Ú µ ¸ ≈‡ ¤ ¸ fl ¡ ˘ ˜ ≈fl ≈¡ À ˘ ¬ ı ˛ À̃ Ó ¬ ± ’ ± · ±œ̃ fl ¡ ± ˘ ø ˙ ø ˙ ¬ ı ˛¬ Û ± À Ó ¬ ˝ ◊√ Ú © Ü˝ √˝ ◊√À ¬ ı º ˝ ◊√˝ √± Œ ˚ Ú̃ ¤ fl ¡ ø √À fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ Ô ± , ’ ¬ Û ¬ ı ˛ø √À fl ¡ Œ Ó ¬ ˜ ø Ú Ê √À ˚ ˛¬ ı ˛’ ± ˙ ± ¬ ı ˛ø ˝ √˚ ˛± À  √Ê √œ ¬ ı À Ú ¬ ı ˛¸ ˜ ≈ √˚ ˛ ’ q̂ ¬Ê √˚ ˛ fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛ y̧ ¬ ı Ú ± ¬ ı ˛ø ˝ √˚ ˛± À  √º ¤̃ Ú ø fl ¡ , Ê √œ ¬ ı Ú › Ê √· À Ó ¬ ¬ ı ˛Î ¬ ◊¬ Û ¬ ı ˛¬ Û̊ «… ôL Ê √˚ ˛œ ˝ √˝ ◊√¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛’ ± ˙ ± ¬ ı ˛ø ˝ √˚ ˛± À  √ , ¤̋ ◊√ Î ¬ ◊¬ Û ± À ˚ ˛˝ ◊√ ˜ ± Ú ≈¯ ∏ø Ú À Ê √¬ ı ˛¬ Û ± À ˚ ˛¬ ı ˛Î ¬ ◊¬ Û ¬ ı ˛ˆ ¬ ¬ ı ˛ø √˚ ˛± “√± Î ¬ ˇ± ˝ ◊√À Ó ¬¬ Û ± À ¬ ı ˛º ’ Ó ¬ ¤ ¬ ı ±̊ ˝ √± ¬ ı ˛± ¤̋ ◊√ Ê √˚ ˛˘ ± À ˆ ¬ ¬ ı ˛Ê √À Ú … , À̧ Ó ¬ … ¬ ı ˛Ê √À Ú … , Ò À ˜ «¬ ı ˛Ê √À Ú … , Œ ‰ ¬ © ܱ fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬ À  √, Ó ¬ ± ˝ √± ¬ ı ˛± ˝ ◊√ ø Í ¬ fl ¡¬ Û À Ô ¬ ı ˛ø ˝ √˚ ˛± À  √¤ ¬ ı — Œ ¬ ı √¸ fl ¡ ˘ õ ∂‰ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛Ú ø Ú ¬ ı ˛± ˙ ˝ √˝ ◊√› Ú ± , ¬ Û Ô ¬ ı Î ¬ ˇ fl ¡ ø Í ¬ Ú Œ Ú̊ é ≈¬ ¬ ı ˛Ò ± À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛Ú … ± ˚ ˛ ”√· «˜ , Ó ¬ ± ˝ √± ˝ √˝ ◊√À ˘ › ø Ú ¬ ı ˛± ˙ ˝ √˝ ◊√› Ú ± , › Í ¬Ê √± À · ± ¤ ¬ ı — Œ Ó ¬ ± ˜ ± À √¬ ı ˛‰ ¬ ¬ ı ˛˜ ’ ± √À ˙ «Î ¬ ◊¬ Û Ú œ Ó ¬ ˝ √› º í [ ø ¡ Z Ó ¬ œ ˚ ˛‡ G ¬ Û ‘– 6 4 ] õ ∂± À Ì ¬ ı ˛Œ ˙ ¯ ∏¤ ¬ ı — À̧ ¬ ı √ı «± M √˜ õ ∂fl ¡ ± ˙ ˝ √˝ ◊√˘ Œ õ ∂º̃ Œ ˚ ˜ ”U À M «√ õ ∂± Ì ˝ √˝ ◊√À Ó ¬Œ õ ∂˜ Î ¬ ◊» ¬ Û i ß fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬¬ Û ± ø ¬ ı ˛À ¬ ı , Ó ¬ ‡ Ú̋ ◊√ Ó ≈¬ ø ˜ ˜ ≈M ê √º ¤̋ ◊√ Œ õ ∂˜ ˘ ± ˆ ¬fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛± ˝ ◊√ ¸ ¬ ı «± À ¬ Û é ¬ ± fl ¡ ø Í ¬ Ú › ˜ ˝ √» fl ¡ ± Ê √º ’ ¬ Û À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛Œ √± ¯ ∏Œ √ø ‡ › Ú ± º ø Ú À Ê √¬ ı ˛˝ ◊√ ¸ ˜ ± À ˘ ± ‰ ¬ Ú ± fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛± Î ¬ ◊ø ‰ ¬ Ó ¬ º ˜ ± Ó ¬ ±À̆ fl ¡ Œ √ø ‡ ˚ ˛± ø Ú µ ± fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ˛› Ú ± ,À̃ Ú ¬ ı ˛± ø ‡ › , ˜ ± Ó ¬ ± ˘ Œ Ó ¬ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛˝ ◊√ ’ ± ¬ ı ˛¤ fl ¡ È ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛+ ¬ Û º ±̊ ˝ √± ¬ ı ˛ø Ú À Ê √¬ ı ˛ À̃ Ò … ˜ øÚ̆ Ó ¬ ± Ú ± ˝ ◊√, Œ ¸ ’ ¬ Û À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛ À̃ Ò … › ˜ øÚ̆ Ó ¬ ± Œ √À ‡ Ú ± , Œ Ó ¬ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛ø Ú À Ê √¬ ı ˛ À̃ Ò …±̊ ˝ √± ’ ± À  √, Ó ¬ ± ˝ √± ˝ ◊√ Ó ≈¬ ø ˜ ’ ¬ Û À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛ À̃ Ò … Œ √ø ‡ ˚ ˛± Ô ± fl ¡ º ¸ — ¶ ®± ¬ ı ˛¸ ± Ò À Ú ¬ ı ˛˝ ◊√˝ √± ˝ ◊√ ¸ ≈ø Ú ø ( Ó ¬¬ Û Ô º Œ ˚ ¸ fl ¡ ˘ ¸ — ¶ ®± ¬ ı ˛fl ¡ ’ À Ú … ¬ ı ˛ Œ √± ¯ ∏ √˙ «Ú fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛Ú , Ó ¬ ± ˝ √± ¬ ı ˛± ø Ú À Ê √¬ ı ˛± ˝ ◊√ ø̊ √Œ √± ¯ ∏± ¬ ı ˝ √ fl ¡ ± Ê √¬ ı g fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛Ú , Ó ¬ À ¬ ı Ê √· » ’ ± À ¬ ı ˛± ˆ ¬ ± ˘ ˝ √˝ ◊√˚ ˛± Î ¬ ◊ø Í ¬ À ¬ ı º ø Ú À Ê √¬ ı ˛ À̃ Ò … ¤̋ ◊√ ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı ¬ Û ≈Ú – ¬ Û ≈Ú – Ò ± ¬ ı ˛Ì ± fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛Œ ‰ ¬ © ܱ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛º [ Ó ‘¬ Ó ¬ œ ˚ ˛‡ G , ¬ Û ‘– 3 5 3 ] ë Œ̋ √ õ ∂ˆ ≈¬ , Ò Ú œ ¬ ı … ± ø M ê √¬ ı ˛¶ §Ì «Œ ¬ ı ˛Ã À ¬ Û ¬ ı ˛¤ ¬ ı — ’ Ú … ± Ú … ¸ • Û ø M √¬ ı ˛Î ¬ ◊¬ Û ¬ ı ˛Œ ˚ Ú̃ õ ∂œ ø Ó ¬ , Œ Ó ¬ ±±̃ ¬ ı ˛ õ ∂ø Ó ¬’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛ Œ ¸ ˝ ◊√¬ ı ˛+ ¬ Û ˆ ¬ ± À ˘ ± ¬ ı ± ¸ ± Œ Ú̊ Ê √± À · º ’ ± ø ˜ ¬ Û ‘ø Ô ¬ ı œ ¬ ı ± ¶ §À · «¬ ı ˛¸ ≈‡ ‰ ¬ ± ˝ ◊√ Ú ± , ¬ ı ˛+ ¬ Û Œ Ã̊ ¬ ı Ú ‰ ¬ ± ˝ ◊√ Ú ± , ø ¬ ı √… ± Œ · à ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ‰ ¬ ± ˝ ◊√ Ú ± º ˜ ≈ø M ê √› ‰ ¬ ± ˝ ◊√ Ú ± º ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛ ø̊ √Ú ¬ ı ˛À fl ¡±̊ ˝ ◊√À Ó ¬ ˝ √˚ ˛, Ó ¬ ± ˝ √± À Ó ¬ › ’ ±±̃ ¬ ı ˛ˆ ¬ ˚ ˛Ú ± ˝ ◊√º ø fl ¡ c ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ ± ˜ … q Ò ≈¤ fl ¡ ø È ¬ ¬ ı d Œ Ó ¬ ± ˜ ± À fl ¡ ˆ ¬ ± ˘ ¬ ı ± ¸ ± ˆ ¬ ± ˘ ¬ ı ± ¸ ± ¬ ı ˛Ê √À Ú … ˝ ◊√ ˆ ¬ ± À ˘ ± ¬ ı ± ¸ ± ±̊ ˝ √± ¬ ı ˛ø Ú fl ¡ È ¬ ¶ §· «’ ø Ó ¬ Ó ≈¬ 2 6 √º [ √˙ ˜ ‡ G , ¬ Û ‘– 8 5 ] ìÊ √˚ ˛¬ ı ± ¬ ı ± Œ ˘ ± fl ¡ Ú ± Ô î -54- ì¬Û ¬ ı ˛˜ √˚ ˛± ˘ ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ± Œ ˘ ± fl ¡ Ú ± Ô î ˜ ? ≈¿ ‰ ¬ S ê ¬ ı M √π ì ı ¬ ˛À Ì ¬ ı À Ú Ê √À ˘ Ê √e À ˘ ˚ ‡ Ú̋ ◊√ ø ¬ ı ¬ Û À √¬ Û ø Î ¬ ˇÀ ¬ ı ’ ± ˜ ± À fl ¡¶ ú¬ ı ˛Ì fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ˛› Œ fl ¡ ± Ú ø ¬ ı ¬ Û √˝ √˝ ◊√À ¬ ı fl ¡Ú ± º î ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ± Œ ˘ ± fl ¡ Ú ± Ô À Ô ¬ ı ˛ ¤̋ ◊√ ¬ ı ± Ì œ ’ ± ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛Ú Ó ≈¬ Ú fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛ õ ∂Ó ¬ … é ¬fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛˘ ±º̃ ˝ √Í ¬ ± » fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛˝ ◊√ ’ ± ˜ ± À √¬ ı ˛, ’ Ô «± » ’ ± ø ˜ ¸ ˝ √’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛ Œ  √± È ¬ Œ À̃ ˚ ˛, Ê √± ˜ ± ˝ ◊√, Ú ± ø Ó ¬ , Ú ± Ó ¬ Ú œ ¬ Û ± ˝ √± À Î ¬ ˇ ±̊ › ˚ ˛± ø Í ¬ fl ¡ ˝ √í º̆ 1 6̋ ◊√ Ê ≈√Ú Œ ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛À ¬ ı ˘ ± ¬ ı ˛› Ú ± ˝ √˘ ±º̃ ø √~ œ ¬ ı ˛Ó ¬ ± ¬ Û √* ’ ± ¬ ı ˝ √± › ˚ ˛± Œ Ô À fl ¡ ˜ ≈ø M ê √Œ ¬ Û À ˚ ˛¬ Û ± ˝ √± À Î ¬ ˇ¬ ı ˛ œ̇ Ó ¬ ˘ ø ¶ ß*  √± ˚ ˛± ˚ ˛ fl ¡ À ˚ ˛fl ¡‚ K I ◊± ¬ ı ˛ À̃ Ò … ˝ ◊√ Œ ¬ Û Ã “À  √Œ · ˘ ±º̃ Œ̋ √± À È ¬ À ˘ ¤ fl ¡ È ≈¬ø ¬ ı | ± ˜ › ‡ ± › ˚ ˛± √± › ˚ ˛± ¬ ı ˛¬ Û ¬ ı ˛’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛Ê √± ˜ ± ˝ ◊√ ¬ ı À̆ ˘ ± ‰ ¬ ˘ ≈Ú ¤ ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛ Kumaon ¬ ı ˛± Ê √± ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± Î ¬ ˇœ ø Ú À ˚ ˛ ±̊ ˝ ◊√º ’ ± Ê √› ‡ ± À Ú̋ ◊√ Ô ± fl ¡ ± ˝ √À ¬ ı º ˝ √Í ¬ ± » fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛Œ ¬ ı ø ¬ ı ˛À ˚ ˛¬ Û Î ¬ ˇ± ¬ ı ˛ Ê √Ú … ’ ± ø ˜ ø Ú À Ê √˝ ◊√ Ê √± ø Ú Ú ± Œ fl ¡ ± Ô ± ˚ ˛Œ fl ¡ ± Ô ± ˚ ˛ ±̊ › ˚ ˛± ˝ √À ¬ ı º ’ ± ø ˜ ø Ê √À :̧ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛˘ ± ˜ Œ Ȩ̀ ¬ ± Œ fl ¡ ± Ô ± ˚ ˛∑ ¬ ı À̆ ˘ ± ¤ ‡ ± Ú Œ Ô À fl ¡ 2 ˝ √± Ê √± ¬ ı ˛4 0 0 ø Ù ¬ È ¬ › ¬ Û À ¬ ı ˛º Œ ¬ ı ˘ ± ‰ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛À È ¬ ¬ ı ˛¸ ˜ ˚ ˛’ ± ˜ ¬ ı ˛± ¬ ı ˛› Ú ± ˝ √˘ ±º̃ ¬ ı ˛± Ê √± ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± Î ¬ ˇœ ¬ ı ˛Î ¬ ◊À V À ˙ … º ¬ Û ± ˝ √± À Î ¬ ˇ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛± ô¶ ± S ê ˜ ˙ ¸ — fl ¡ œ Ì «˝ √À Ó ¬ ˘ ± · À ˘ ± º ≈√ø √À fl ¡ q Ò ≈’ ± fl ¡ ± ˙ ‰ ≈¬ ø • §¬ Û ± ˝ √± Î ¬ ˇ’ ± ¬ ı ˛ õ ∂˙ ô¶ ¬ Û ± ˝ ◊√Ú · ± À  √¬ ı ˛¬ ı Ú º Œ À̊ Ó ¬Œ À̊ Ó ¬¤̃ Ú À̃ Ú ˝ √˘ ’ ± ˜ ¬ ı ˛± Œ Ú̊ ˙ ”À Ú … ‰ ¬ À ˘ ø  √º ’ ± ø ˜ ’ ± ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛ˆ ¬ œ Ó ≈¬ ¬ ı À ˘ Œ ¬ ı ˙ Ú ± ˜ ’ ± À  √º ¤ fl ¡ ¸ ˜ ˚ ˛Œ √‡ ˘ ± ˜ · ˘ ± q ø fl ¡ À ˚ ˛ fl ¡ ± Í ¬ ˝ √À ˚ ˛Œ · À  √º · ˘ ± ø √À ˚ ˛Œ fl ¡ ± Ú ’ ± › ˚ ˛± Ê √Œ ¬ ı À Î ¬ ˇ± À 2 6 √Ú ± º ¬ ı ± ø fl ¡ ¸ ¬ ı ± ˝ ◊√ ø Ú ø ¬ ı √ı «fl ¡ ± ¬ ı ˛, ‹ ‘√˙ … ‡ ≈¬ ı Î ¬ ◊¬ Û À ˆ ¬ ± · fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À  √º ¬ Û ± ˝ √± À Î ¬ ˇ’ ± ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛ ¸ ”˚ «… À √¬ ı Ó ¬ ± Î ¬ ˇ± Ó ¬ ± ø Î ¬ ˇ¬ı ± Î ¬ ˇœ Œ Ù ¬ À ¬ ı ˛Ú º Œ √‡ À Ó ¬ Œ √‡ À Ó ¬ ¸ g … ± ‚ ø Ú À ˚ ˛¤̆ º ’ ± ˜ ¬ ı ˛± 6 È ¬ ± Ú ± · ± √¬ı ˛± Ê ¬ ı ± Î ¬ ˇœ Œ ¬ Û Ã “ √˘ ±º̃ ¤ ¬ ı ˛ À̃ Ò … Œ ¬ ı ˙ ø fl ¡  ≈√ ¬ Û ± ˝ √± À Î ¬ ˇ¬ ı ˛ ±̊ S œ › ‡ ± À Ú Œ ¬ Û Ã “À  √Œ · À  √º ¤̋ ◊√ ¬ ı ˛± Ê √¬ ı ± Î ¬ ˇœ ¤ ‡ Ú ¤ fl ¡ È ¬ ± ’ ø Ó ¬ ø Ô̇ ± ˘ ± º ’ À Ú fl ¡ È ¬ ± Ê √± ˚ ˛· ± ø Ú À ˚ ˛ ¤̋ ◊√ ¬ ı ± Î ¬ ˇœ º Î ¬ ◊“‰ ≈¬Ú œ ‰ ≈¬ˆ ¬ ± À ¬ ı ¸ ¬ ı ‚ ¬ ı ˛’ ± À  √º Œ ¸ ‡ ± À Ú ¸ ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛Ô ± fl ¡ ± ¬ ı ˛Ê √± ˚ ˛· ± fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛± ˝ √À ˚ ˛À  √º Œ̋ √± À È ¬ À ˘ ¬ ı ˛ Ó̃ ¬¸ ¬ ı ¬ ı … ¬ ı ¶ ö± ˝ ◊√ ’ ± À  √º Ê √± Ú À Ó ¬¬ Û ± ¬ ı ˛˘ ± ˜ ¬ ı ˛± ø S 7 È ¬ ± Œ Ô À fl ¡±̃ S 9 È ¬ ± ’ ¬ ı ø Ò ∆ ¬ ı ≈√… ø Ó ¬ fl ¡ ’ ± À ˘ ± Ô ± À fl ¡ º Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛¬ Û ¬ ı ˛Œ ˜ ± ˜ ¬ ı ± ø Ó ¬ø √À ˚ ˛¸ ¬ ı fl ¡ ± Ê √‰ ¬ ± ˘ ± À Ó ¬˝ √˚ ˛º ¤̋ ◊√ ≈√˝ ◊√ ‚ K I ◊± ¬ ı ˛ À̃ Ò … ¸ ¬ ı ‡ ± › ˚ ˛± √± › ˚ ˛± Œ È̃ ¬ ± À Ó ¬˝ √À ¬ ı º ’ ± ˜ ¬ ı ˛± › ‡ ± › ˚ ˛± √± › ˚ ˛± Œ À̧ ¬ ı ˛Œ ˚ ±̊ ¬ ı ˛‚ À ¬ ı ˛‰ ¬ À ˘ Œ · ˘ ±º̃ · ä fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛±  √± Î ¬ ˇ± ’ ± ¬ ı ˛ø fl ¡  ≈√˝ ◊√ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛± ¬ ı ˛ø  √˘ Ú ± º ˝ √Í ¬ ± » ¬ ı ± ˝ ◊√À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛ø √À fl ¡ Ó ¬ ± ø fl ¡ À ˚ ˛Œ √ø ‡ ‰ ¬ Ó ≈¬ ø V «fl ¡ Œ fl ¡ Œ Ú̊ fl ¡ ± À ˘ ± ¬ Û V «± ø √À ˚ ˛Œ Ï ¬ À fl ¡ Œ ¬ ı ˛À ‡ À  √º ‰ “¬ ± √˜ ± ˜ ± › ¬ Û ± ˝ ◊√Ú · ± À  √¬ ı ˛’ ± Î ¬ ˇ± À ˘ ˜ ≈‡ ˘ ≈ø fl ¡ À ˚ ˛’ ± À  √Ú º ¤ Œ ˚ ø fl ¡ ’ g fl ¡ ± ¬ ı ˛/ ¤̋ ◊√ ’ g fl ¡ ± À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛+ ¬ Û ’ ± À · fl ¡ ‡ Ú › Œ √ø ‡ ø Ú º fl ¡ Ó ¬ é ¬ Ì ¤̂ ¬ ± À ¬ ı Œ √‡ ø  √˘ ± ˜ Ê √± ø Ú Ú ± º ¤ fl ¡ ¸ ˜ ˚ ˛ø · À ˚ ˛ø ¬ ı  √± Ú ± ˚ ˛· ± ¤ øÀ̆ ˚ ˛ø √˘ ±º̃ ¸ ± ¬ ı ˛± ø √À Ú ¬ ı ˛ fl v¡ ± ø ôL À Ó ¬ Œ fl ¡ ± Ú ¤ fl ¡ ¸ ˜ ˚ ˛ ‚ ≈øÀ̃ ˚ ˛¬ Û Î ¬ ˇ˘ ±º̃ ˝ √Í ¬ ± » Œ ‰ ¬ ± ‡ ‡ ≈À ˘ Œ √ø ‡ Œ ¸ ± Ú ±œ̆ ’ ± À ˘ ± À Ó ¬¸ ± ¬ ı ˛± ‚ ¬ ı ˛ˆ ¬ À ¬ ı ˛Œ · À  √º ¬ ı ± ˝ ◊√À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛¸ ”À ˚ «… ¬ ı ˛’ ± À ˘ ± À Ó ¬ ‰ ¬ ± ø ¬ ı ˛ø √fl ¡ Á ¡ ˘ ƒ˜ ˘ ƒ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À  √º Î ¬ ◊“‰ ≈¬¬ Û ± ˝ √± Î ¬ ˇ’ ± ¬ ı ˛Œ À̃ ‚ ¬ ı ˛˘ ≈À fl ¡ ± ‰ ≈¬ ø ¬ ı ˛Œ ‡ ˘ ± ‰ ¬À̆  √º ¤ ¬ ı ˛ À̃ Ò … Œ̋ √± À È ¬ À ˘ ¬ ı ˛ø fl ¡  ≈√ Œ ˘ ± fl ¡ ˝ √± { √®± · ¬ ı ˛˜ Ê √± ˜ ± ¬ Û À ¬ ı ˛Œ ¬ ı ø ¬ ı ˛À ˚ ˛ ¤̆ º ’ ± ˜ ¬ ı ˛± › Ó ¬ ± Î ¬ ˇ± Ó ¬ ± ø Î ¬ ˇ¶ ß± Ú › õ ∂± Ó ¬ – ¬ ı ˛± ˙ Œ À̧ ¬ ı ˛Œ ¬ ı ˘ ± 9 È ¬ ± Ú ± · ± √Œ ¬ ı ø ¬ ı ˛À ˚ ˛¬ Û ¬ ı ˛˘ ±º̃ Œ̋ √± À È ¬ ˘ Œ Ô À fl ¡ ˜ ± S ¬ Û “± ‰ ¬ ø fl ¡ – ø ˜ – Œ · ø  √º ¤̃ Ú ¸ ˜ ˚ ˛Œ ¬ ı ˙ Œ Ê √± À ¬ ı ˛’ ± › ˚ ˛± Ê √ fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛· ± ø Î ¬ ˇÈ ¬ ± Œ Ô À ˜ Œ · º̆ Œ √‡ ± Œ · ˘ ¤ fl ¡ ø È ¬¬ Û ± Ô À ¬ ı ˛Œ À̆ · -55- Ú Ó ≈¬ Ú È ¬ ± ˚ ˛± ¬ ı ˛ø È ¬ ˝ ◊√ ¬ Û ± — ‰ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛˝ √À ˚ ˛Œ · À  √º · ± ø Î ¬ ˇŒ Ô À fl ¡Œ Ú À ˜ ’ ±±̃ ¬ ı ˛Ê √± ˜ ± ˝ ◊√ ’ ± ¬ ı ˛Ú ± ø Ó ¬fl ¡ ± À Ê √Œ À̆ · Œ · º̆ ’ ± ˜ ± À √¬ ı ˛ø Ó ¬ Ú Ê √À Ú ¬ ı ˛ø fl ¡  ≈√˝ ◊√ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛± ¬ ı ˛ø  √˘ Ú ± º ≈√ Ê √À Ú ¬ ı ˛’ ± õ ∂± Ì Œ ‰ ¬ © ܱ À Ó ¬ › ¬ Û ≈À ¬ ı ˛± À Ú ± ’ ø Ó ¬ ø ¬ ı ˛M ê √‰ ¬ ± fl ¡ ± ø È ¬ø fl ¡  ≈√À Ó ¬ ˝ ◊√ Œ ‡ ± ˘ ±±̊ ø 2 6 √˘ Ú ± º ’ ± Ò ‚ K I ◊± Œ ¬ Û ø Î ¬ ˇÀ ˚ ˛Œ · º̆ Œ fl ¡ ± Ô ± › Œ ±̊ · ± À ±̊ · fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛± ¬ ı ˛Œ fl ¡ ± Ú Î ¬ ◊¬ Û ± ˚ ˛Œ Ú̋ ◊√º ¤̋ ◊√ ¸ À̃ ˚ ˛¬ ı ˛ À̃ Ò … ¤ fl ¡ È ¬ ± · ± ø Î ¬ ˇ› ±̊ › ˚ ˛± ’ ± ¸ ± fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À ˘ ± Ú ± º Ó ¬ ‡ Ú q Ò ≈¬ ı ± ¬ ı ± Œ ˘ ± fl ¡ Ú ± À Ô ¬ ı ˛ ¤̋ ◊√ ’ ± ù́ ± ¸ ¬ ı ± Ì œ ˝ ◊√ À̃ Ú ˝ √À Ó ¬˘ ± · À ˘ ± º ì¬ı ˛À Ì , ¬ ı À Ú , Ê √À -̆ Ê √e À ˘ ˚ ‡ Ú̋ ◊√ ø ¬ ı ¬ Û À √¬ Û ¬ ı ˛ø ¬ ı ’ ±±̃ ¬ ı ˛˙ ¬ ı ˛Ì ø Ú ø ¬ ı , Œ fl ¡ ± Ú ø ¬ ı ¬ Û √˝ √˝ ◊√À ¬ ı fl ¡Ú ± º î Ó ¬ ‡ Ú ’ ± fl ≈¡ ˘ ˝ √À ˚ ˛q Ò ≈¬ ı ± ¬ ı ± Œ ˘ ± fl ¡ Ú ± Ô À fl ¡ ˝ ◊√ ¶ ú¬ ı ˛Ì fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛ø  √˘ ±º̃ ø ˜ ø Ú È ¬¬ Û À Ú ¬ ı ˛¬ Û À ¬ ı ˛˝ √Í ¬ ± » ¤ fl ¡ È ¬ ± Ê √œ À ¬ Û ¬ ı ˛ Ó̃ ¬· ± ø Î ¬ ˇ¤ À ¸ ’ ± ˜ ± À √¬ ı ˛¸ ±À̃ Ú “√± Î ¬ ˇ±º̆ Œ ¸ ‡ ± Ú Œ Ô À fl ¡ 2 Ê √Ú ’ ø Ó ¬¸ ± Ò ± ¬ ı ˛Ì Œ ¬ Û ± ¯ ∏± fl ¡ ¬ Û ¬ ı ˛± Œ ˘ ± fl ¡ ˝ √± À Ó ¬L̊ a¬ Û ± ø Ó ¬ø Ú À ˚ ˛¤ À ¸ “√± Î ¬ ˇ± À ˘ ± º ’ ± ˜ ¬ ı ˛± q Ò ≈¬ ı ˘ ˘ ± ˜ ‰ ¬ ± fl ¡ ± ¬ Û ± — ‰ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛˝ √À ˚ ˛Œ · À  √º À̧ e À̧ e ¤ fl ¡ Ê √Ú · ± ø Î ¬ ˇ¬ ı ˛Ú œ À ‰ ¬q À ˚ ˛¬ Û Î ¬ ˇÀ ˘ ± º ’ ± ¬ ı ˛ ¤ fl ¡ Ê √Ú fl ¡ ± Ê √q è fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛ø √ º̆ ’ ± Ò ‚ K I ◊± ¬ ı ˛ À̃ Ò … ‰ ¬ ± fl ¡ ± ¬ ı ƒ√À ˘ ø √À ˚ ˛· ± ø Î ¬ ˇ‰ ¬ ± ˘ ≈ fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛ø √ º̆ ’ ±±̃ ¬ ı ˛Ê √±±̃ ˝ ◊√ › À √¬ ı ˛ ¬ Û ± ø ¬ ı ˛| ø ˜ fl ¡ø √À Ó ¬Œ · À ˘ › ¬ ı ˛± ø Ú À Ó ¬¬ ı ˛± ø Ê √˝ √˘ Ú ± º ¬ ı À̆ ˘ ± Œ Ó ¬ ± ˜ ¬ ı ˛± ì¬Û ¬ ı ˛À √ œ̇ î Œ Ó ¬ ± ˜ ± À √¬ ı ˛Œ ¸ ¬ ı ± fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛± ˝ ◊√ ’ ± ˜ ± À √¬ ı ˛Ò • ú «º ¤ fl ¡ È ¬ ± ˜ ø µ À ¬ ı ˛¬ Û ”“À Ê √± ø √À Ó ¬ø · À ˚ ˛ø  √˘ ± ˜ ¤ ‡ Ú Œ ¸ ‡ ± Ú Œ Ô À fl ¡ ˝ ◊√ ø Ù ¬ ¬ ı ˛ø  √º Œ Ê ± √Î ¬ ˇ fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛˝ ◊√ › À √¬ ı ˛ ¬ Û ± ø ¬ ı ˛| ø ˜ fl ¡ Œ √› ˚ ˛± ˝ √ º̆ › ¬ ı ˛± ë Ú̃ À ô¶ í¬ ı À ˘ ‰ ¬ À ˘ Œ · º̆ ’ ± ˜ ¬ ı ˛± › · ± ø Î ¬ ˇÀ Ó ¬¤ À ¸ ¬ ı À ¸ ’ ± ˜ ± À √¬ ı ˛· ôL ¬ ı … ¶ ö± À Ú ¬ ı ˛ ø √À fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛› Ú ± ˝ √˘ ±º̃ Ó ¬ ‡ Ú q Ò ≈ √˚ ˛± ˘ & è Œ ˘ ± fl ¡ Ú ± À Ô ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ Ô ± ˝ ◊√ À̃ Ú ˝ √ø 2 6 √ º̆ ’ ± ¬ ı ˛ ≈√í À ‰ ¬ ± ‡ Ê √À ˘ ˆ ¬ À ¬ ı ˛’ ± ¸ ø  √ º̆ ¤̋ ◊√ õ ∂ À̧ e ’ ± ¬ ı ˛¤ fl ¡ ø È ¬‚ È ¬ Ú ± ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ Ô ± Î ¬ ◊À ~ ‡ Ú ± fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛¬ Û ± ¬ ı ˛ø  √Ú ± º ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛¤ fl ¡ ’ ± R œ ˚ ˛± ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ ± À  √’ ± ˜ ± À √¬ ı ˛ ¤̋ ◊√ ‚ È ¬ Ú ± ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ Ô ± ¬ ı ˘ ø  √˘ ±º̃ Œ ¸ ’ ± ˜ ± À fl ¡ø Ê √À :̧ fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛ø  √˘ , ì’ ± 2 6 √± ˜ ± ø ¸ ±̃ , ’ ± ¬ Û Ú ± ¬ ı ˛ˆ ¬ ¬ ı ˛¸ ± ø  ˘ Œ ˚ ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ± Œ ˘ ± fl ¡ Ú ± Ô ’ ± ¬ Û Ú ± À √¬ ı ˛ ¤̋ ◊√ ø ¬ ı ¬ Û √Œ Ô À fl ¡Î ¬ ◊X ± ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À ¬ ı Ú ∑ î ’ ± ø ˜ ¬ ı ˘ ˘ ± ˜ ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛¬ Û ”Ì «ø ¬ ı ù́ ± ¸ ø  √˘ , ’ ± ¬ ı ˛¤ fl ¡ Ô ± ˝ ◊√ À̃ Ú ˝ √ø 2 6 √˘ ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ± Œ ø √¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À  √Ú Œ fl ¡ Ú ∑ ¤ ¬ ı ˛ ≈√í ø √Ú ¬ ı ± À √˝ ◊√ ‹ ’ ± R œ ˚ ˛± ø È ¬Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛Œ À̃ ˚ ˛À fl ¡ ø Ú À ˚ ˛¸ fl ¡ ± ˘ 7 È ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛Ù v¬ ± ˝ ◊√À È ¬fl ¡ ˘ fl ¡ ± Ó ¬ ±±̊ ø 2 6 √ º̆ Œ ¬ ı ˘ ± 9 È ¬ ± ˚ ˛ fl ¡ ˘ fl ¡ ± Ó ¬ ± Œ ¬ Û Ã “ √¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ Ô ± º Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛¬ Û ¬ ı ˛ø √Ú fl ¡ ˘ fl ¡ ± Ó ¬ ± Œ Ô À fl ¡› ¬ ı ˛Œ Ù ¬ ± Ú Œ ¬ Û ˘ ±º̃ ¬ ı À̆ ˘ ± ì¬ı ± ¬ ı ± Œ ˘ ± fl ¡ Ú ± Ô ’ ± ˜ ± À √¬ ı ˛ø fl ¡ ˆ ¬ ± À ¬ ı ¬ ı “± ø ‰ ¬ À ˚ ˛À  √Ú Œ ¸ fl ¡ Ô ± Ú ± Ê √± ø Ú À ˚ ˛¬ Û ± ¬ ı ˛ø  √Ú ± º Œ ¸ ø √Ú fl ¡ ˘ fl ¡ ± Ó ¬ ± ˚ ˛ø  √˘ õ ∂‰ ¬ ` ¬Á ¡ Î ¬ ˇ, Ê √˘ ¬ ı ‘ø © Ü, ø ¬ ı ≈√… » õ ∂À fl ¡ ± À ¬ Û ¬ ı ˛Ó ¬ ± G ¬ ı Ú ‘Ó ¬ … º ø Ó ¬ Ú ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛Œ ‰ ¬ © ܱ fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛› √ ̃ √À ˜ Œ õ ≠Ú ˘ … ± ` ¬fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬¬ Û ± À ¬ ı ˛ø Ú º Œ õ ≠À Ú ¤ fl ¡‚ K I ◊± ’ ± ˜ ¬ ı ˛± ˜ ‘Ó ≈¬ …L̊ aÌ ± Œ ˆ ¬ ± · fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛ø  √º Œ õ ≠Ú ¤ ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛Î ¬ ◊¬ Û À ¬ ı ˛Î ¬ ◊Í ¬ À  √, ¤ fl ¡ ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛Ú œ À ‰ ¬Ú ±À̃  √º ‰ ¬ Ó ≈¬ ø V «fl ¡fl ¡ ± À ˘ ± Œ À̃ ‚ ’ ± 2 6 √i ß, õ ∂± Ì fl “¡ ± ¬ Û ± À Ú ± ¬ ı ± Ê √¬ Û Î ¬ ˇ± ¬ ı ˛’ ± › ˚ ˛± Ê √/ Œ ¸ ¤ fl ¡ õ ∂˘ ˚ ˛ fl ¡ ± ` ¬ / õ ∂± À Ì ¬ ı “± ‰ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛’ ± ¬ ı ˛Œ fl ¡ ± Ú ’ ± ˙ ± Œ Ú̋ ◊√º Ó ¬ ‡ Ú̋ ◊√ ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ± Œ ˘ ± fl ¡ Ú ± À Ô ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ Ô ±À̃ Ú ˝ √ º̆ Ó ¬ ‡ Ú ø ‰ ¬ » fl ¡ ± ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛Ú ± ˜ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬’ : ± Ú ˝ √À ˚ ˛¬ Û À Î ¬ ˇø  √˘ ±º̃ ’ ± À ô¶ ’ ± À ô¶ ˚ ‡ Ú : ± Ú ø Ù ¬ ¬ ı ˛À ˘ ± Ó ¬ ‡ Ú Œ õ ≠Ú fl ¡ ˘ fl ¡ ± Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛˜ ± ø È ¬Â ≈“√À ˚ ˛Œ · À  √º ’ … ± • §≈À k̆ ¤ À ¸ 2 1 3 Ê √Ú À fl ¡ ˝ √± ¸ ¬ Û ± Ó ¬ ± À ˘ ø Ú À ˚ ˛Œ · º̆ î Ê √˚ ˛¬ ı ± ¬ ı ± Œ ˘ ± fl ¡ Ú ± Ô º ¬ ı ± ø fl ¡ Ê √œ ¬ ı Ú È ¬ ± Œ Ú̊ Œ Ó ¬ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛ √˚ ˛± À Ó ¬ ¤̃ ø Ú fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛˝ ◊√ fl ¡ ± ø È ¬ À ˚ ˛Œ À̊ Ó ¬ ¬ Û ± ø ¬ ı ˛º q -56- ’ Ê √± Ú ± ø Í ¬ fl ¡ ± Ú ±  √µ ± √M √ ˜ ± Ú ≈¯ ∏· ä fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬ˆ ¬ ± ˘ ¬ ı ± À º̧ · ± Ú q Ú À Ó ¬ˆ ¬ ± ˘ ¬ ı ± À º̧ ø Ú À Ê √¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ Ô ± ¬ ı À̆ Ó ¬ˆ ¬ ± ˘ ¬ ı ± À º̧ ¬ Û ¬ ı ˛‰ ¬ 2 ‰ «¬ ± fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬ ’ ± ¬ ı ˛Ê √øÀ̃ ˚ ˛’ ± D ± ø √À Ó ¬ › ˆ ¬ ± ˘ ¬ ı ± À º̧ Œ ˚ Œ fl ¡ ± Ú Î ¬ ◊¬ Û À̆ é ¬ … Œ̋ √± fl ¡ , Œ ‰ ¬ Ú ± ˜ ± Ú ≈À ¯ ∏¬ ı ˛¸ ± À Ô Œ Ó ¬ ± · ä ˝ √˚ ˛˝ ◊√ ¤ ¬ ı — ’ À Ú fl ¡ ’ À ‰ ¬ Ú ±±̃ Ú ≈À ¯ ∏¬ ı ˛¸ ± À Ô › Œ ‰ ¬ Ú ± ¬ Û ø ¬ ı ˛‰ ¬ ˚ ˛˝ √˚ ˛º Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛¬ Û ¬ ı ˛· ä Œ Ó ¬ ± ’ ± À  √˝ ◊√/ ’ ± ø ˜ › · ä fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬‡ ≈¬ ı ˆ ¬ ± ˘ ¬ ı ± øº̧ Œ ‰ ¬ Ú ± ˝ √À ˘ Œ Ó ¬ ± · ä fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˝ ◊√, ’ À ‰ ¬ Ú ± ˝ √À ˘ › Œ fl ¡ ± Ú À̧ Ç ± ‰ ¬Œ Ú̋ ◊√º ’ À ‰ ¬ Ú ± ˝ √À ˘ ø̊ √Œ √ø ‡ Œ ¸ ‰ ≈¬ ¬ Û ‰ ¬ ± ¬ Û ¬ ı À ¸ ’ ± À  √¬ ı ± ’ ± À  √Ú ¬ ı ¬ ı ˛— ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛˝ ◊√ ’ ¶ §ø ô¶ ˝ √À Ó ¬Ô ± À fl ¡ º À̃ Ú ø ¡ Z Ò ± ¡ Z µ ˝ √˚ ˛º ˆ ¬ ± ø ¬ ı , ø̊ √· ± À ˚ ˛¬ Û Î ¬ ˇ± ˆ ¬ ± À ¬ ı ¬ ı ± ø ¬ ı ¬ ı ˛ø M ê √Œ ¬ ı ± Ò fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛/ Ó ¬ ¬ ı ≈› fl ¡ Ô ± ¬ ı øº̆ Œ ˚ Ú̃ , ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛¶ §ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı ±̊ ˚ ˛Ú ± ˜ íÀ ˘ , ’ ± ¬ ı ˛ø fl ¡ / ‡ ≈¬ ı Œ  √± È ¬ À ¬ ı ˘ ± Œ Ô À fl ¡ ˝ ◊√ ¤̃ ø Ú ¶ §ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛º Œ fl ¡ ± Ú ¤ fl ¡¬ ı ‘X ± ˆ ¬ ^ ˜ ø ˝ √˘ ± ¤ fl ¡ ± ‰ ≈¬ ¬ Û ‰ ¬ ± ¬ Û ¬ ı À ¸ ’ ± À  √Ú º q è fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛˘ ± ˜ ìø fl ¡Í ¬ ± fl ≈¡±̃ , Œ fl ¡Ú̃ ’ ± À  √Ú ∑ Œ fl ¡ ± Ô ± ˚ ˛Ô ± À fl ¡ Ú ∑ î ¤ È ¬ ± ˝ √À ˘ ± ¤ fl ¡ ‚ À ¬ ı ˛± ˚ ˛± · ± À Ú ¬ ı ˛’ ±À̧ ¬ ı ˛¬ ı À ¸ · À m ± º Í ≈¬ ˜ ø ¬ ı ˛’ ± À e ¬ ı ˛· ± Ú Œ ˙ ± Ú ± ø 2 6 √À Ú̆ ø ˙ ä œ , ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛ ȩ œ Ó ¬ & è “¿ õ ∂À √… ± » ¬ ı À µ … ± ¬ Û ± Ò … ± ˚ ˛ë fl ¡ ± fl ¡ è “ Ȩ̂ √Ú œ ’ ± À ˚ ˛Ú ± ¬ ı ± ˘ ˜ ƒº í Í ¬ ± fl ≈¡ ˜ ± ø Ê √À :̧ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À Ú̆ ì¬ı ø ˘ › À À̃ ˚ ˛,Ȩ̂ √À Ú Î “¬ ± È ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛› ’ ± ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛· ± Ú ˝ √˚ ˛Ú ± ø fl ¡ ∑ î ’ ± ø ˜ ¬ ı ˘ ˘ ± ˜ ìÍ ¬ ± fl ≈¡ ˜ ± ,Ȩ̂ √À Ú Î “¬ ± È ¬ ± Ú̊ ˛º Ȩ̂ √Ú œ ˜ ± À Ú ¸ ‡ œ º ’ Ô «± » ¸ ‡ œ , ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛ø õ ∂˚ ˛Ó ¬ ˜ ¤ ‡ Ú › ¤̆ Ú ± , ’ ± ø ˜ ø fl ¡ fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ˛/ î ≈√Ê √À Ú̋ ◊√ ‡ ≈¬ ı ˝ √± ¸ ˘ ± ˜ ˜ ≈À ‡ è̃ ± ˘ ‰ ¬ ± ¬ Û ± ø √À ˚ ˛º Œ fl ¡ ± Ú ¬ ı ˛fl ¡ À ˜ ˝ √± ø ¸ ¬ ı ˛Œ ¬ ı · Ô ± øÀ̃ ˚ ˛ Ú̃ ø √À ˚ ˛· ± Ú ¬ ı ± Ê √Ú ± q Ú ˘ ±º̃ ˙ ± ¶ aœ ˚ ˛, Î ¬ ◊¬ Û̇ ± ¶ aœ ˚ ˛, ’ ± Ò ≈ø Ú fl ¡ , ¬ ı ˛¬ ı œ f̧ e œ Ó ¬ , Ú Ê √è̆ · œ ø Ó ¬ º Œ Ó̧ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± Ê √± À Ú̆ ø ˙ ä œ “¿ Œ √À ¬ ı ˙ ∆ S̃ , Œ ¬ ı ˝ √± ˘ ± ¬ ı ± Ê √± À Ú̆ ¿ ø √ œ̆ ¬ Û √±º̇ ¸ ¬ ı ¬ ı ˛fl ¡ ˜ · ± Ú ¬ ı ± Ê √Ú ± q À Ú ’ ± Ú À µ Ú̃ ˆ ¬ ¬ ı ˛¬ Û ≈¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± ø Î ¬ ˇø Ù ¬ ˘ ±º̃ ¬ ı U ¬ ı  √¬ ı ˛¬ Û ¬ ı ˛’ ± R œ ˚ ˛¬ ı ± ø Î ¬ ˇø Ú̊ ˛˜ ˆ ¬ e Î ¬ ◊¬ Û À̆ é ¬Î ¬ ◊¬ Û ø ¶ öÓ ¬˝ √˘ ±º̃ ¬ ı U Œ ‰ ¬ Ú ± ’ À ‰ ¬ Ú ± ’ ± R œ ˚ ˛¬ ı ˛± Î ¬ ◊¬ Û ø ¶ öÓ ¬ø  √À Ú̆ Œ ¸ ‡ ± À Ú º E̋ ◊√— è À ˜ ¬ ı À ¸ ¸ ¬ ı ± ˝ ◊√ ¤ À fl ¡ ’ À Ú … ¬ ı ˛¸ ± À Ô · ä Ê √øÀ̃ ˚ ˛ø  √º ˝ √Í ¬ ± » Œ √‡ ˘ ± ˜ ¤ fl ¡Œ ¬ ı ˛± · ± , ø  √¬ Û ø  √À ¬ Û , Ù ¬ ¸ «± ˆ ¬ ^ À ˘ ± fl ¡¤ fl ¡ ø È ¬Œ ‰ ¬ ˚ ˛± À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı À ¸ Ú œ ¬ ı ˛À ¬ ı ø ˜ ø È ¬ ø ˜ ø È ¬Œ̋ √À ¸ ±̊ À 2 6 √Ú º Ó “¬ ± ¬ ı ˛¸ ± À Ô Œ fl ¡ Î ¬ ◊ fl ¡ Ô ± ¬ ı À̆  √Ú ± º fl ¡ À ˚ ˛fl ¡ ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛Ú Ê √À ¬ ı ˛¬ Û Î ¬ ˇ º̆ ¸ ¬ ı ± ˝ ◊√ ø Ú À Ê √À √¬ ı ˛ À̃ Ò … Ú ± Ú ± Ò ¬ ı ˛À Ì ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ Ô ± ¬ ı ± Ó «¬ ± ‰ ¬ ± øÀ̆ ˚ ˛ ±̊ À 2 6 √Ú º Œ fl ¡ Î ¬ ◊¬ ı ± ¬ Û ≈¬ ı ˛± À Ú ± ¶ ú ‘ø Ó ¬ ‰ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛Ì fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛· ä fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛‰ ¬ À À̆  √Ú º Œ ¸ ˆ ¬ ^ À ˘ ± fl ¡ Ú œ ¬ ı ˛À ¬ ı q Ò ≈ q À Ú ±̊ À 2 6 √Ú º Œ fl ¡ ± Ú ¬ ı ˛fl ¡ ˜ Î ¬ ◊2 ‰ ¬ ¬ ı ± ‰ ¬ … fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À  √Ú Ú ± º -57- ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛ˆ ¬ œ ¯ ∏Ì ’ ¶ §ø ô¶ ˝ √ø 2 6 √˘ , ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛¶ §ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı ’ Ú ≈ ±̊ ˚ ˛œ º ø ¡ Z Ò ± ¡ Z µ Ô ± fl ¡ ±À̧ M √› ø Ê √À :̧ fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ¸ ˘ ± ˜ ì’ ± ¬ Û ø Ú Œ fl ¡ ± Ô ± Œ Ô À fl ¡ ¤ À À̧  √Ú ∑ î ˆ ¬ ^ À ˘ ± fl ¡ ¬ ı À̆ Ú̆ ìÚ ˚ ˛Î ¬ ± Œ Ô À fl ¡ ¤ À ¸ ø  √º î ˆ ¬ ^ À ˘ ± fl ¡ ¶ §ä ˆ ¬ ± ¯ ∏œ º Ó ¬ ± ˝ ◊√ ’ ± ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛ø Ê √À :̧ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛˘ ± ˜ ì¶ aœ À fl ¡À̧ e ’ ± À Ú Ú ø Ú ∑ î ’ ± ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛ À̧ e À̧ e Ê √¬ ı ± ¬ ı ø Í ¬ fl ¡ ± Ú ± Œ Ó ¬ ± Ê √± Ú ± Œ Ú̋ ◊√/ î ’ ± ø ˜ fl ¡ À ˚ ˛fl ¡ Œ À̧ fl ¡ À G Ê √À Ú … ø ¬ ı Î ¬ ˇ• §Ú ± Œ ¬ ı ± Ò fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛˘ ±º̃ ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˘ ± ˜ , ø Î ¬ À ˆ ¬ ± ¸ «˝ √À ˚ ˛Œ · À  √Ú ± ø fl ¡ / Œ fl ¡ Ê √± À Ú , ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛± ˝ ◊√ Œ · À  √Ú Ú ± ø fl ¡ ∑ ˆ ¬ ^ À ˘ ± fl ¡ ’ ± ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛¬ ı À̆ Ú̆ ìø Í ¬ fl ¡ ± Ú ± Œ Ó ¬ ± Ê √± Ú ± Œ Ú̋ ◊√, ’ ± ¬ ı ˛ ¤̋ ◊√ ¬ ı ˚ ˛À ¸ Ê √± Ú ± ¬ ı ˛˝ ◊√À 2 6 √› Œ Ú̋ ◊√º î Ó ¬ ‡ Ú ¸ ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛ø √À fl ¡Ó ¬ ± ø fl ¡ À ˚ ˛’ ± ø ˜ ‡ ≈¬ ı Œ Ê √± À ¬ ı ˛˝ √±À̧ Ó ¬ ˝ √±À̧ Ó ¬¬ ı ˘ ˘ ± ˜ ì› . . . . . . ’ ± ¬ Û ø Ú ø ¬ ı À ˚ ˛˝ ◊√ fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛Ú ø Ú / î Ó ¬ ‡ Ú Î ¬ ◊¬ Û ø ¶ öÓ ¬ ¸ ¬ ı ± ˝ ◊√ ˝ √±À̧ Ó ¬ ˘ ± · À Ú̆ º ’ ± ø ˜ ¬ ı ˘ ˘ ± ˜ ì ø̊ √˝ ◊√À 2 6 √Ô ± À fl ¡ Œ Ó ¬ ± ’ Ú ≈ ø̃ Ó ¬ ø √À ˘ ¤ ‡ Ú › ø Í ¬ fl ¡ ± Ú ± ‡ ≈“À Ê √¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬ ¬ Û ± ø ¬ ı ˛º î ˆ ¬ ^ À ˘ ± fl ¡ ¬ ı À̆ Ú̆ ì¤̋ ◊√ ¬ ı ˚ ˛À ¸ ø Í ¬ fl ¡ ± Ú ± Ê √± Ú ± ¬ ı ˛’ ± ¬ ı ˛Œ fl ¡ ± Ú ˝ ◊√À 2 6 √Œ Ú̋ ◊√, ø Í ¬ fl ¡ ± Ú ± È ¬ ± ’ Ê √± Ú ± ˝ ◊√ Ô ± fl ¡ º î q Ê √i j1 1̋ ◊√ Œ Ù ¬ ¬ ı Ën ∏˚ ˛± ¬ ı ˛œ 1 9 2 1 ˜ ‘Ó ≈¬ … 3 0 À ˙ ±̃ ‰ «¬2 0 1 2 ¿ ˚ ≈M ê √±õ ∂ˆ ¬ ± Ó ¬ œ Ò À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛Ê √i jÏ ¬ ± fl ¡ ± ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛ √œ ¢ ∂± À ˜ ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± ¬ ı ± À ˘ ± fl ¡ Ú ± À Ô ¬ ı ˛’ ±œ̇ ¬ ı «± √Ò Ú … Ú ± · ¬ Û ø ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± À ¬ ı ˛º ø Ó ¬ ø Ú ø  √À Ú̆ Ú ± · ¬ Û ø ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛’ Ú … Ó ¬ ˜ Ê √ø̃ √± ¬ ı ˛, “’ ± Ú µ fl ¡ ± ø ôL Ú ± À · ¬ ı ˛Ú ± Ó ¬ Ú œ ¤ ¬ ı — ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ± Œ ˘ ± fl ¡ Ú ± À Ô ¬ ı ˛¤ fl ¡ ø Ú á¬ ˆ ¬ M ê √› ø √~ œ Œ ˘ ± fl ¡ Ú ± Ô ’ ± | À ˜ ¬ ı ˛’ ± Ê √œ ¬ ı Ú ̧ √¸ … ± º Ó “¬ ± ¬ ı ˛¸ ≈ Ò̃ ≈¬ ı ˛› ̧ √± ˝ √± ¸ … ˜ ˚ ˛¶ §ˆ ¬ ± À ¬ ı ¬ ı ˛Ê √Ú … ’ ± R œ ˚ ˛’ Ú ± R œ ˚ ˛ø Ó ¬ ø Ú ¸ ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ ± À  √˝ ◊√ ø  √À Ú̆ ’ ø Ó ¬ ø õ ∂˚ ˛º õ ∂± Ô «Ú ± fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± ¬ ı ± À ˘ ± fl ¡ Ú ± À Ô ¬ ı ˛‰ ¬ ¬ ı ˛À Ì Ó “¬ ± ¬ ı ˛’ ± R ± ¬ ı ˛ø ‰ ¬ ¬ ı ˛˙ ± ø ôL ˘ ± ˆ ¬ ˝ √Î ¬ ◊fl ¡ º ø ¬ ı Ú œ Ó ¬ ¿ ¿ Œ ˘ ± fl ¡ Ú ± Ô ’ ± | ˜ , ø √~ œ -58- ë Œ̋ √¬ ı ± ¬ ı ± Œ ˘ ± fl ¡ Ú ± Ô ’ ± ø ˜ Œ Ó ¬ ± Œ Ó ¬ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛’ ± ø  √˝ ◊√, Ó ≈¬ ø ˜ ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛˝ √› í è̃ ± √± ˙ & 5 ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ±Œ ˘ ± fl ¡ Ú ± À Ô ¬ ı ˛ ¬ Û ¬ ı ˛˜ ¤ fl ¡ ø Ú á¬ ˆ ¬ M ê √¸ ± Ò fl ¡ø Ú ø ˙ fl ¡ ± ôL ¬ ı ¸ ≈ Ó “¬ ± ¬ ı ˛ ø ˙ ¯ ∏… ø ˙ ¯ ∏… ± À √¬ ı ˛ ¬ ı À ˘ ø  √À Ú̆ , ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ± À ˘ ± fl ¡ Ú ± À Ô ¬ ı ˛Œ ‰ ¬ ± À ‡ ¬ ı ˛ø √À fl ¡ Ó ¬ ± ø fl ¡ À ˚ ˛ ¤̋ ◊√ L̃ a¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛Î ¬ ◊2 ‰ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛Ì fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬ º ’ ± ø ˜ Œ Ó ¬ ± Œ Ó ¬ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛’ ± ø  √˝ ◊√ ’ Ô «± » ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛Ê √i j ˜ ≈˝ ”√Ó «¬Œ Ô À fl ¡ Œ Ó ¬ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛’ ± | ˚ ˛˘ ± ˆ ¬fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛ø  √º Œ Ó ¬ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛˝ ◊√2 6 √± ˚ ˛ ¤̋ ◊√ ¬ Û ‘ø Ô ¬ ı œ À Ó ¬’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛Ê √i j ¢ ∂˝ √Ì ±̊ ¬ Û ”¬ ı «ø Ú X «± ø ¬ ı ˛Ó ¬ º Ó ≈¬ ø ˜ Œ Ó ¬ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛ ‘√ø © ܬ ı ˛ À̃ Ò … Ò À ¬ ı ˛Œ ¬ ı ˛À ‡ ’ ± ˜ ± ˚ ˛ õ ∂ø Ó ¬ ø Ú̊ ˛Ó ¬¸ ¬ ı ’ q̂ ¬˙ ø M ê √Œ Ô À fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛é ¬ ± fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛Â √º ø fl ¡ c ¤̋ ◊√ Œ ¬ ı ± Ò ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛Œ Ú̋ ◊√ ¬ ı À ˘ ’ ± ø ˜ Œ Ó ¬ ±±̃ ¬ ı ˛˝ √À ˚ ˛Î ¬ ◊Í ¬ À Ó ¬¬ Û ± ø ¬ ı ˛Ú ± º ’ ± ˜ ± À fl ¡ ˙ ø M ê √ √± › , : ± Ú √± › ±̊ À Ó ¬ ’ ± ø ˜ Œ Ó ¬ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛˝ √À ˚ ˛Î ¬ ◊Í ¬ À Ó ¬ ¬ Û ± ø ¬ ı ˛º ¸ ± ¬ ı ˛± Ê √œ ¬ ı Ú Ò À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± ¬ ı ± À ˘ ± fl ¡ Ú ± À Ô ¬ ı ˛’ À ˝ √Ó ≈¬ fl ¡ œ fl ‘¡ ¬ Û ± Œ ¬ Û À ˚ ˛’ ± ø ˜ Ò Ú … º ˚ ‡ Ú Œ  √± È ¬ø  √˘ ± ˜ ’ ˆ ¬ … ± ¸ ¬ ı À ˙ ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ± À ˘ ± fl ¡ Ú ± Ô À fl ¡ õ ∂Ì ± ˜ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛Ó ¬ ±º̃ ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ± ˜ ± À ˚ ˛¬ ı ˛Â √S 2 6 √± ˚ ˛± ˚ ˛Œ Ô À fl ¡ Œ fl ¡ ± Ú ø ¬ ı ¬ Û À √¬ ı ˛’ ± “‰ ¬fl ¡ ‡ À Ú ± ’ Ú ≈ˆ ¬ ¬ ı fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ˛ø Ú º ø fl ¡ c Ò œ À ¬ ı ˛Ò œ À ¬ ı ˛ Ó̊ ¬¬ ı Î ¬ ˇ˝ √À ˚ ˛Î ¬ ◊Í ¬ À Ó ¬˘ ± · ˘ ± ˜ ¸ — ¸ ± À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛Ú ± Ú ± ‚ ± Ó ¬õ ∂ø Ó ¬ ‚ ± Ó ¬Ú̃ À fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ‰ ¬ øÓ̆ ¬fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬˘ ± · º̆ Ó ¬ ‡ Ú̋ ◊√ ’ Ú ≈ˆ ¬ ¬ ı fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛˘ ± ˜ ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ± À ˘ ± fl ¡ Ú ± Ô À fl ¡Ú̃ õ ∂± Ì ø √À ˚ ˛¶ ú¬ ı ˛Ì fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À ˘ ø Ó ¬ ø Ú ¸ ± Î ¬ ˇ± Œ √Ú › Œ ˚ Œ fl ¡ ± Ú fl ¡ ø Í ¬ Ú ’ ¬ ı ¶ ö± Œ Ô À fl ¡¬ ı ˛é ¬ ± fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛Ú º ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛¶ §±œ̃ ¬ ı ˛˜ ‘Ó ≈¬ … ¬ ı ˛¬ Û ¬ ı ˛Œ Ô À fl ¡¤̋ ◊√ ’ Ú ≈ˆ ”¬ ø Ó ¬’ ± ¬ ı ˛› Œ Ê √± ¬ ı ˛± À ˘ ± ˝ √À ˚ ˛Î ¬ ◊À Í ¬ À  √º ø Ú̂ «¬ ¬ ı ˛Ó ¬ ± ’ À Ú fl ¡ Œ ¬ ı À Î ¬ ˇÀ  √º Œ ˚ Œ fl ¡ ± Ú ø ¬ ı ¬ Û À √¬ ı ˛ y̧ ± ¬ ı Ú ± Ô ± fl ¡ À ˘ ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ± À ˘ ± fl ¡ Ú ± Ô ≈√˝ ◊√ ˝ √± Ó ¬¬ ı ± ø Î ¬ ˇÀ ˚ ˛’ ±±̃ À fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛é ¬ ± fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À  √Ú º ø fl ¡ c ¤̋ ◊√ ’ Ú ≈ˆ ”¬ ø Ó ¬¸ ± ˜ ø ˚ ˛fl ¡ º ˚ ‡ Ú ø √Ú ’ ± Ú À µ fl ¡ ± À È ¬Ó ¬ ‡ Ú À Ó ¬ ± fl ¡ ˝ ◊√ Ó “¬ ± À fl ¡ ¶ ú¬ ı ˛Ì fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı øÚ̆ ± ¤ Œ Ó ¬ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛˝ ◊√ √± Ú , Œ Ó ¬ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛˝ ◊√ fl ‘¡ ¬ Û ± / ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ± À ˘ ± fl ¡ Ú ± Ô ¬ ı À À̆  √Ú ˜ ˘ ˜ ”S ¬ Û ø ¬ ı ˛Ó ¬ … ± À · ¬ ı ˛Ê √Ú … Œ ˚ Ú̃ Œ √À ˝ √¬ ı ˛ õ ∂À ˚ ˛± Ê √Ú Œ ¬ ı ± Ò , Œ ¸ ˝ ◊√ õ ∂À ˚ ˛± Ê √Ú Œ ¬ ı ± Ò ø̊ √’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛Ê √Ú … fl ¡ ± è ¬ ı ˛ À̃ Ú Œ √‡ ± Œ √˚ ˛Œ ¸ ’ ± ˜ ± À fl ¡ ˘ ± ˆ ¬ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬ ¬ Û ± À ¬ ı ˛º Œ fl ¡ ± Ô ± ˚ ˛’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛Œ ¸ ˝ ◊√ õ ∂À ˚ ˛± Ê √Ú Œ ¬ ı ± Ò ∑ ˚ ‡ Ú ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛ À̃ Ú Œ ¸ ˝ ◊√ õ ∂À ˚ ˛± Ê √Ú À ¬ ı ± Ò ’ ±À̧ ¬ ı Ó ¬ ‡ Ú ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ± À ˘ ± fl ¡ Ú ± Ô ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛˝ √À ˚ ˛Î ¬ ◊Í ¬ À ¬ ı Ú º ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ± À ˘ ± fl ¡ Ú ± À Ô ¬ ı ˛ fl ‘¡ ¬ Û ±  √± Î ¬ ˇ± Œ ¸ ˝ ◊√ Œ ¬ ı ± Ò ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛ À̃ Ò … ’ ± ¸ ± ’ y̧ ¬ ı º Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛Ê √Ú … ‰ ¬ ± ˝ ◊√ ø Ú á¬± › Ó “¬ ± ¬ ı ˛ õ ∂ø Ó ¬¤ fl ¡ ± ôL ø Ú̂ «¬ ¬ ı ˛Ó ¬ ± › ø ¬ ı ù́ ±º̧ ø fl ¡ c Œ ¸ ˝ ◊√ ø ¬ ı ù́ ± ¸ õ ∂± ˚ ˛˝ ◊√ È ¬ À ˘ ±̊ ˚ ˛º Ó ¬ ± ˝ ◊√ ø Ú À Ê √À fl ¡ fl ¡ Ó «¬ ± Œ ˆ ¬ À ¬ ı ’ À Ú fl ¡ fl ¡ À ˜ «¬ ı ˛ √± ˚ ˛ø Ú À Ê √Ó ≈¬ À ˘ ø Ú̋ ◊√ ¤ ¬ ı — Ó ¬ ± À Ó ¬ q Ò ≈˝ ◊√ ø ¬ ı ‰ ¬ øÓ̆ ¬ ˝ √˝ ◊√º ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ± ¬ ı À À̆  √Ú ±̊ Ó ¬ ± ¬ Û Ó ¬ ± ˝ ◊√ ¬ Û ± ¬ Û º ø Ú À Ê √¬ ı ˛’ : ± Ú Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı Ó̇ ¬¤̋ ◊√ Ó ¬ ± ¬ Û ’ ± ø ˜ ø Ú À Ê √˝ ◊√ õ ∂ø Ó ¬ ø Ú̊ ˛Ó ¬’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛ À̃ Ò … Œ È ¬ À Ú ¤ À Ú ¬ Û ± ¬ Û fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛‰ ¬ À ˘ ø  √º ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ± ¤̋ ◊√ Ó ¬ ± ¬ Û Œ ¬ ı ± Ò Œ Ô À fl ¡ ’ ±±̃ À fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛é ¬ ± fl ¡ è Ú º ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ± ¬ ı À À̆  √Ú ë Ó̇ ¬ ± ø Ò fl ¡ ¬ ı » ¸ ¬ ı ˛¬ Û ø ¬ ı ˛w̃ Ì fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛¤ fl ¡ È ¬ ± ¬ ı Î ¬ ˇÒ Ú fl ¡ ±±̃ ˝ ◊√ fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛¤ À Ú ø  √Œ Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛± ¬ ı À ¸ ‡ ± ø ¬ ı º íø fl ¡ Œ ¸ ˝ ◊√ Ò Ú ∑ Œ ˚ Ò À Ú ¬ ı ˛Ê √Ú … fl ¡ Ó ¬˜ ≈ø Ú Ÿ ¬ ø ¯ ∏Ê √i j Ê √i j ± ôL ¬ ı ˛Ò À ¬ ı ˛Ó ¬ ¬ Û̧ … ± fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛‰ ¬ À À̆  √Ú Œ ¸ ˝ ◊√ Ò À Ú ¬ ı ˛’ ø Ò fl ¡ ± ¬ ı ˛œ -59- ’ ± ˜ ± À √¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± ¬ ı ± Œ ˘ ± fl ¡ Ú ± Ô º ø Ó ¬ ø Ú Ê √· À Ó ¬ ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ Ó «¬ ± º ¿ ̃ √ø ¬ ı Ê √˚ ˛fl ‘¡ ¯ ûÀ · ± ¶ §±œ̃ √˙ «Ú fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛À  √Ú ¸ ¬ ı «Œ √¬ ı Œ √¬ ı œ Ó “¬ ± ¬ ı ˛ À̃ Ò … ’ ø Ò ø á¬Ó ¬ º ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛ Ó̃ ¬ é ≈¬ ^ ± ø Ó ¬ é ≈¬ ^ õ ∂± Ì œ À fl ¡ ø Ó ¬ ø Ú ’ ± | ˚ ˛ø √À ˚ ˛À  √Ú , ’ ±±̃ ¬ ı ˛ Ó̃ ¬ ˆ ¬ ± · … ¬ ı Ó ¬ œ Œ fl ¡ ∑ Ó “¬ ± ¬ ı ˛‰ ¬ ¬ ı ˛À Ì ¤̋ ◊√ õ ∂± Ô «Ú ± ’ ± ˜ ± À fl ¡ fl ‘¡ ¬ Û ± fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛, √˚ ˛± fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛, é ¬ ˜ ± fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛, õ ∂ i̧ ß˝ √› , Œ Ó ¬ ±±̃ ¬ ı ˛’ œ̧ ˜ ˙ ø M ê √¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ Ì ± ‡ ± ø Ú ø √À ˚ ˛’ ± ˜ ± ˚ ˛Ò Ú … fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛º Ê √± ø Ú Ú ± fl ¡ Ó ¬Ê √i j Ê √i j ± ôL À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛‹ fl ¡ ± ø ôL fl ¡ ø Ú̂ «¬ ¬ ı ˛Ó ¬ ± ˚ ˛Œ Ó ¬ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛¶ §¬ ı ˛+ ¬ Û ’ ±±̃ ¬ ı ˛∆ ‰ ¬ Ó ¬ À Ú … Ò ¬ ı ˛± ¬ Û Î ¬ ˇÀ ¬ ı º Ó ¬ À ¬ ı ¤ ø ¬ ı ù́ ± ¸ ’ ± À  √Œ ˚ ¤ fl ¡ ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛˚ ‡ Ú Ó ≈¬ ø ˜ Œ Ó ¬ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛‰ ¬ ¬ ı ˛À Ì ’ ±±̃ À fl ¡’ ± | ˚ ˛ø √À ˚ ˛Â √Œ Ó ¬ ±±̃ ¬ ı ˛¶ §¬ ı ˛+ ¬ Û Œ ¬ ı ± Á ¡ ± ¬ ı ˛Ê √Ú … Œ ˚ ¸ ± Ò Ú ± ¬ ı ± fl ¡ À ˜ «¬ ı ˛ õ ∂À ˚ ˛± Ê √Ú Ó ¬ ± Ó ≈¬ ø ˜ ˝ ◊√ ’ ± ˜ ± À fl ¡ø √À ˚ ˛ fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ˛À ˚ ˛Œ Ú À ¬ ı º ¬ Û ¬ ı ˛¬ ı Ó ¬ π Œ fl ¡ ± Ú Ê √À i j Œ Ó ¬ ± ˜ ± À fl ¡ ’ ± ø ˜ ’ ± ¬ ı ˛› fl ¡ ± À  √¬ Û ± ¬ ı º Œ Ó ¬ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛‰ ¬ ¬ ı ˛À Ì õ ∂Ì Ó ¬ ˝ √À ˚ ˛Ê √± Ú ± ˝ ◊√ ëø ˙ ˚ ˛À ¬ ı ˛˚ ‡ Ú ’ ±À̧ ¬ ı ˙ Ì̃ √˚ ˛± fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛Œ ˜ ± À ¬ ı ˛ø √› √¬ ı ˛ Ì̇ ’ Ò À ˜ ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ≈À fl ¡¬ ı ˛± ø ‡ › ‰ ¬ ¬ ı ˛Ì ’ ± ø ˜ Œ ˚ Œ · ± Ó ¬ ¬ ı ‰ ¬ ¬ ı ˛Ì fl ¡ ± „ √±º̆ Œ̋ √& è Œ ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛ √œ Ú √˚ ˛±º̆ º q | X ± ? ø ˘ ’ ± | À ˜ ¬ ı ˛ õ ∂± M ê √Ú ¸ ˆ ¬ … ± ¤ ¬ ı — Ò̃ «õ ∂± Ì ± õ ∂œ ø Ó ¬ fl ¡ Ì ± Ò ¬ ı ˛¸ • x ø Ó ¬’ ± ˜ ± À √¬ ı ˛Œ  √À Î ¬ ˇ ¸ ± Ò À Ú ± ø ‰ ¬ Ó ¬Ò ± À ˜ ‰ ¬ À ˘ Œ · À  √Ú º ø Ó ¬ ø Ú ø Ú̊ ˛øÓ̃ ¬’ ± | À ˜ ¬ ı ˛¸ » À̧ e Î ¬ ◊¬ Û ø ¶ öÓ ¬ Ô ± fl ¡ À Ó ¬ Ú ¤ ¬ ı — ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛ø õ ∂˚ ˛¬ Û ± S œ ø  √À Ú̆ º ’ ± ˜ ¬ ı ˛± Ó “¬ ± ¬ ı ˛’ ± R ± ¬ ı ˛˙ ± ø ôL › ¬ Û ¬ ı ˛˜ fl ¡ ˘ … ± Ì fl ¡ ±Ú̃ ± fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ˛º & è̂ ¬ ± ˝ ◊√ › & è À ¬ ı ± À Ú ¬ ı ˛± -60- ¬ ı ± ˘ fl ¡fl ¡ ± À ˘ ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ Ô ± Î ¬ . ’ ± q À Ó ¬ ± ¯ ∏¬ ı À µ … ± ¬ Û ± Ò … ± ˚ ˛ [ Œ ˘ ‡ À fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛ ̧ √… õ ∂fl ¡ ± øÓ̇ ¬’ ± R Ê √œ ¬ ı Ú œ , ìø ¬ ı √… ± ¶ ö± À Ú̂ ¬ … î Œ Ô À fl ¡Î ¬ ◊X ‘Ó ¬ º ] œ̇ À Ó ¬ ¬ ı ˛Î ¬ ◊˘ ¬ Û ≈¬ ı ˛¬ ı Î ¬ ˇ À̃ Ú ± ¬ ı ˛˜ ø  √ º̆ ˜ ± Í ¬ ‚ ± È ¬ Œ Ô À fl ¡ ¬ ı ¯ ∏«± ¬ ı ˛Ê √˘ Œ Ú À ˜ ø · À ˚ ˛Œ fl ¡ ± Ô ± › Œ fl ¡ ± Ô ± › ø fl ¡  ≈√ø fl ¡  ≈√ø ‰ ¬ê̋ Œ ¬ ı ˛À ‡ Œ Ó̊ ¬ º Œ ˚ Ú̃ ¶ ≈®À ˘ ¬ ı ˛ø Ú À ‰ ¬ ¬ ı ˛Œ ‡ ˘ ± ¬ ı ˛˜ ± À Í ¬˝ √Í ¬ ± » Œ √‡ ± Œ Ó̊ ¬ ≈√í ¤ fl ¡ ø È ¬’ ± È ¬ À fl ¡±̊ › ˚ ˛± fl ¡ ‰ ≈¬ ø ¬ ı ˛¬ Û ± Ú ± Œ ¬ ı ø ˙ ¬ ı ˛ˆ ¬ ± · q fl ¡ À Ú ± º ¸ ¬ ı ≈Ê √˘ ≈5 ˝ √À ˚ ˛¬ ı ± √±œ̃ ¬ ı ˛„ √Ò À ¬ ı ˛À  √º ø fl ¡ c Œ fl ¡ ± Ô ± › ’ ± fl ¡ ø ¶ ú fl ¡ ˆ ¬ ± À ¬ ı ≈√ø È ¬¤ fl ¡ ø È ¬¸ ¬ ı ≈Ê √ fl ¡ ‰ ≈¬ ø ¬ ı ˛¬ Û ± Ú ± Î ¬ ± e ± ˚ ˛¶ §ä ¶ ö± ˚ ˛œ Ê √œ ¬ ı Ú Œ ¬ Û À ˚ ˛À  √º Œ ¸ ¢ ∂± À ˜ Œ ¸ fl ¡ ± À ˘ œ̇ Ó ¬˜ ± À Ú ø  √˘ Ú ¬ ı ± i ß, fl ¡ ˝ ◊√˜ ±  √, Ú Ó ≈¬ Ú & Î ¬ ˇ, Œ Ù ¬ Ú ± ˆ ¬ ± Ó ¬ , ˜ ± ‡ Ú ,œ̇ Ó ¬±̃ À Ú ø  √˘ ˜ ± À ˚ ˛¬ ı ˛ ˜ ô¶ ¬ ı Î ¬ ˇ¬ ∏C ± Ç Œ Ô À fl ¡ Ú ± Ú ± ¬ ı ˛„ √› ˜ ± À ¬ Û ¬ ı ˛¬ Û ≈À ¬ ı ˛± Ú Œ ¸ ± À ˚ ˛È ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛› ‰ ¬ ± √¬ ı ˛Œ ¬ ı è Ó ¬¸ ¬ ı ¸ ˜ ˚ ˛Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛ ±̃ ø ˘ fl ¡ ± Ú ± ø Ú ø «√© Ü Ô ± fl ¡ Ó ¬Ú ± º ø √ø √¬ ı ˛± ø ¶ ö¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬ Ú Œ ¸ ¬ ı  √¬ ı ˛¯ ∏Î ¬ ˇˆ ≈¬ Ê √ø Î ¬ Ê √± ˝ ◊√Ú › ˚ ˛± ˘ ± Œ ¸ ± À ˚ ˛È ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛È ¬ ± Œ fl ¡¬ Û ¬ ı ˛À ¬ ı ’ Ô ¬ ı ± ¸ ¬ ı ≈Ê √ ’ ± À ˘ ± ˚ ˛± Ú È ¬ ± Œ fl ¡ · ± À ˚ ˛Œ √À ¬ ı º œ̇ À Ó ¬ ¬ ı ˛ø √À Ú ‚ ≈ø Î ¬ ˇ› Î ¬ ˇ± À Ú ± ˝ √Ó ¬ º ¤ ¬ ı … ± ¬ Û ± À ¬ ı ˛& è ø  √À Ú̆ ¬ ı ‘X Œ √˜ ˙ ± ˝ ◊√º ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛Â √± S ’ ˜ ”˘ … À √¬ ı ˛‡ ≈À Î ¬ ˇ± º ø ¬ ı Ò ¬ ı ± w ± Ó ‘¬ Ê √± ˚ ˛± ¤ ¬ ı — ‹ w ± Ó ≈¬ © Û ≈S ø È ¬ø Ú À ˚ ˛ø  √˘ ¬ ı ‘À X ¬ ı ˛¸ — ¸ ± ¬ ı ˛º · ±  √· ±  √± øÀ̆ Ó ¬ˆ ¬ ¬ ı ˛± ‡ ± Ú ≈√˝ ◊√ ‚ À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± Î ¬ ˇœ º ˙ ± fl ¡ŗ œ ø Ú À Ê √˝ ◊√ Ù ¬ ˘ ± À Ó ¬ Ú º ’ ± ¬ ı ˛¬ ı “± À ˙ ¬ ı ˛‰ ¬ ± “± ‰ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛œ ¸ ≈Ó ¬ ø ˘ ø √À ˚ ˛Œ ¬ ı “À Ò ‡ ¬ ı À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ ± · Ê √ø √À ˚ ˛˜ ≈À Î ¬ ˇŒ ¬ Û ~ ± ˚ ˛‚ ≈ø Î ¬ ˇ ∆ Ó ¬ ø ¬ ı ˛, Ó ¬ ± › Î ¬ ˇ± À Ó ¬Œ È ¬ ± À Ú ¬ ı ˛ √ø Î ¬ ˇ’ Ô «± » ¬ Û ± À È ¬ ¬ ı ˛ √ø Î ¬ ˇ √¬ ı ˛fl ¡ ± ¬ ı ˛˝ √Ó ¬ º ’ ± Í ¬ ± ø ˝ √À À̧ ¬ ı ¸ ¬ ı ≈Ê √¬ ı ˛À „ √¬ ı ˛Œ · ± ˘ ± fl ‘¡ ø Ó ¬ ¤ fl ¡ õ ∂fl ¡ ± ¬ ı ˛Ù ¬ À ˘ ¬ ı ˛Œ ˆ ¬ Ó ¬ ¬ ı ˛fl ¡ ± ¬ ı ˛ø ¬ Û ø 2 6 √˘ ’ — ˙ Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛¶ ö± Ú œ ˚ ˛Ú ± ˜ ë¬ ı ~ ± ¬ ı ˛’ ± Í ¬ ± íº ¤ Ú ± ˜ ø È ¬Œ fl ¡ ± Ô ± Œ Ô À fl ¡t̆ Ó ¬ ± Ê √± ø Ú Ú ± º ¤̃ ø Ú Œ ¬ Û ~ ± ˚ ˛¤ fl ¡ ø È ¬‚ ≈ø Î ¬ ˇ› Î ¬ ˇ± ø 2 6 √¶ ≈®À ˘ ¬ ı ˛ø Ú À ‰ ¬ ¬ ı ˛˜ ± À Í ¬‚ ≈ø Î ¬ ˇÎ ¬ ◊À Í ¬¬ Û À Î ¬ ˇÀ  √’ À Ú fl ¡ › ¬ Û À ¬ ı ˛Œ ¬ ı “± Œ ¬ ı “± fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛ ṡ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À  √ õ ∂ø Ó ¬ fl ”¡ ˘ ˝ √± › ˚ ˛± Œ À̆ · º ˝ √Í ¬ ± » ˝ √± Ó ¬Ù ¬À̧ fl ¡ ‚ ≈ø Î ¬ ˇŒ ‰ ¬ “± Œ ‰ “¬ ± Œ √à Π¬ ˇº ˘ ± È ¬ ± ˝ ◊√È ¬ ± ’ À Ú fl ¡ ‡ ± ø Ú ¸ ≈Ó ¬ ø ˘ ¸ ˝ √¤ fl ¡ ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛˜ ± ø È ¬ À Ó ¬¤ fl ¡ ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛› ¬ Û À ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬‰ ¬ À À̆  √º ‰ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛¬ Û “± ‰ ¬fl ¡ √À ˜ ¬ ı ˛¬ ı … ¬ ı Ò ± Ú ‚ ≈ø ‰ ¬ À ˚ ˛Œ Ȩ̀ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛Ú ± · ± ˘ ’ ± ¬ ı ˛¬ Û ± ˝ ◊√ Ú ± º Œ ˙ ¯ ∏È ¬ ± ’ ± Ò ˜ ± ˝ ◊√˘ Î ¬ ◊À Î ¬ ˇø · À ˚ ˛‚ ≈ø Î ¬ ˇ¬ Û Î ¬ ˇ˘ ˜ ± À Í ¬ ¬ ı ˛ ±̃ Á ¡ ‡ ± À Ú ¢ ∂± À ˜ ¬ ı ˛ œ̧ ˜ ± Ú ± ˚ ˛ø ˙ ¬ ı ¸ ± · À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛ Œ ˆ ¬ Ó ¬ À ¬ ı ˛º ’ Ú̃ ¸ ± À Ò ¬ ı ˛‚ ≈ø Î ¬ ˇÈ ¬ ± ¤ À !¡ ¬ ı ± À ¬ ı ˛Œ · ± ~ ± ˚ ˛Œ · º̆ fl ¡ Ó ¬ fl ¡ À © ܬ ı ± ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛ ‘√ø © ܤ ø Î ¬ ˇÀ ˚ ˛‚ ≈ø Î ¬ ˇø È ¬ À fl ¡ ’ ± “Ó ≈¬ ¬ ı ˛Œ Ô À fl ¡ ∆ ˙ ˙ ¬ ı ¬ Û̊ «ôL ˘ ±Ú̆ fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛ø  √˘ ≈ º̃ ø fl ¡ c fl ¡ À ˚ ˛fl ¡ ø √À Ú̋ ◊√ Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛’ ± ˚ ˛≈ ¸ ˜ ± 5 º œ̇ Ó ¬ fl ¡ ± À ˘ ’ ±Ó̧ ¬ø ˝ √µ œ ˆ ¬ ± ¯ ∏œ Ò ≈Ú ≈ø ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± Ò ≈Ú fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛± º ≈√‰ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛ø √À Ú ¬ ı ˛Ê √À Ú … ¶ ≈®˘ ¬ ı ± ø Î ¬ ˇ¬ ı ˛˜ ± À Í ¬Ó “¬ ± ¬ ı ≈Œ Ù ¬Ó̆ ¬ º fl ¡ ± Ê √fl ¡ À ˜ «¬ ı ˛Ù “¬ ± À fl ¡ Ù “¬ ± À fl ¡ Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛± Ó ¬ ± À √¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛± i ß± ¬ ı ± Î ¬ ˇœ ˝ ◊√Ó ¬ … ± ø √‰ ¬ ± ˘ ± Ó ¬ º Ó ¬ ± À √¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛g Ú ¬ Û X ø Ó ¬Œ √À ‡ ’ ± ˜ ± À √¬ ı ˛ õ ∂‰ ≈¬ ¬ ı ˛ Œ fl ¡ Ã Ó ≈¬ fl ¡ À ¬ ı ± Ò ˝ √Ó ¬’ ± ¬ ı ˛Ó ¬ ± À √¬ ı ˛ˆ ¬ ± e ± ˆ ¬ ± e ± ¬ ı ± — ˘ ± º ’ ± ˜ ± À √¬ ı ˛’ ± ‰ ¬ ¬ ı ˛À Ì ’ ø Ó ¬ ᬠ˝ √À ˚ ˛ˆ ¬ ˚ ˛Œ √‡ ± Ó ¬ º ì˝ √± ø ˜ ˜ ± à ± ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± ¬ ı ≈À fl ¡ ¬ ı ± ø ˘ ˚ ˛± ø √À ¬ ı º î Ó ¬ ± À √¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ ± Ê √Œ √À ‡ Œ ¬ ı ± Á ¡ ± Œ · ˘ ìÓ ≈¬ À ˘ ± Ò ≈À Ú ± fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛± î fl ¡ Ô ± È ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛’ Ô «º -61- ’ ± ¬ ı ˛ø  √˘ ¶ ≈®À ˘ ¬ ı ˛¸ ¬ ı ˛¶ §Ó ¬ œ ¬ Û ≈À Ê √± º Œ ¸ ø È ¬õ ∂± ˚ ˛¸ ˜ ô¶ ¢ ∂± À ˜ ¬ ı ˛Î ¬ ◊» ¸ ¬ ı ˝ √À ˚ ˛ “√± Î ¬ ˇ± Ó ¬ º ¶ ≈®˘ ¬ ı ± ø Î ¬ ˇ’ Ô «± » ¶ ≈®À ˘ ¬ ı ˛ ¸ ø i ßø ˝ √Ó ¬ ≈√ø È ¬’ ± ¬ ı ±À̧ Ú ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± øµ̧ ± ¬ ı ˛± ’ ± ¬ ı ±-̆ ¬ ı ‘X ¬ ı ø Ú Ó ¬ ± ¤ ¬ Û ≈À Ê √± ˚ ˛¸ ± ø ˜ ˘ ˝ √À Ó ¬ Ú º ¶ ≈®À ˘ ¬ ı ˛Â √± S ¬ ı ± ø ˙ é ¬ fl ¡ ˝ √À Ó ¬ ˝ √À ¬ ı ¤̃ Ú Œ fl ¡ ± Ú fl ¡ Ô ± Œ Ú̋ ◊√º ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛ø √ø √¬ ı ˛± ∆ Ú ø Ú Ó ¬ ± ˘ ’ ± ˘ ≈ø √À ˚ ˛¬ ı “± Ò ± fl ¡ ø ¬ Û ¬ ı ˛± i ß± fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À  √Ú º ø fl ¡¸ ≈¶ §± ≈√ ’ ± ¬ ı ˛ ¸ ¬ ı ˛À ¯ ∏¬ ı ˛Œ Ó ¬ À ˘ ¬ ı ˛ø fl ¡ ø Ú À ˆ «¬ Ê √± ˘ · g º ¬ ı ± À ˘ … ¬ ı ˛’ fl ‘¡ ø S̃ é ≈¬ Ò ± ¤ ¬ ı — è ø ‰ ¬Ó ¬’ ± À  √˝ ◊√º Œ ¸ ˝ ◊√ À̧ e õ ∂ø Ó ¬ À ±̊ ø · Ó ¬ ± ’ À Ú … ¬ ı ˛Œ ‰ ¬ À ˚ ˛Œ ¬ ı ø ˙ Ú ± ˝ √fl ¡¸ ˜ ± Ú̂ ¬ ± · Ó ¬‰ ¬ ± ˝ ◊√º ’ Ú ø Ó ¬ ”√¬ ı ˛¬ ı Ó ¬ π √± ˝ ◊√¬ ı ± Î ¬ ˇœ Œ Ô À fl ¡Œ · ± è ¬ ı ˛¬ Û ± ˘ ‰ ¬ À ˘ ’ ±Ó̧ ¬ ì ±̆ ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛˜ ± Í ¬ î ’ Ô «± » ø Ú À Ê √¬ ı ˛¬ ı Î ¬ ˇ˜ ± Í ¬Œ ¬ Û ø ¬ ı ˛À ˚ ˛¶ ≈®À ˘ ¬ ı ˛˘ ± À · ± ˚ ˛± ˜ ± À Í ¬‚ ± ¸ Œ ‡ À Ó ¬ º √± ˝ ◊√¬ ı ± Î ¬ ˇœ ¬ ı ˛Œ À̃ ˚ ˛Œ ¬ ı à ¬ ı ˛± ˜ ≈¸ ˘ ˜ ± Ú ˝ √À ˘ › ø √ø ¬ ı … ¬ ı ˱ p ¡ Ì Œ Ô À fl ¡ q è fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛¸ fl ¡ ˘ ¬ ı ± ø Î ¬ ˇÀ Ó ¬ ˝ ◊√ Ò ± S œ ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ ± Ê √fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬ Ú º ’ ± ø ˜ › Œ ¸ ¬ ı ± Î ¬ ˇœ ¬ ı ˛¤ fl ¡ ¬ ı ‘X ± Ò ± S œ ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛¶ Û À ˙ «˝ ◊√ ˆ ”¬ ø ˜ ᬽ √À ˚ ˛ø  √˘ ≈ º̃ ’ ± ¬ ı ˛Ó ¬ ± À ¬ ı ˛√ ¬ Û ≈è À ¯ ∏¬ ı ˛± Ï ¬ ± fl ¡¬ ı ± Ê √± À Ó ¬ Ú , ˜ ±  √’ Ô ¬ ı ± ¬ Û ± ‡ œ ø ˙ fl ¡ ± ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬ Ú ’ ä ¶ §ä ‰ ¬ ± ¯ ∏¬ ı ± ¸ › ø  √ º̆ ¤ À √¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± Î ¬ ˇœ ¬ ı ˛¤ fl ¡ ˚ ≈¬ ı fl ¡ ¤ fl ¡ È ≈¬Œ Ã̧ ‡ œ Ú ø  √À Ú̆ º Ò ≈ø Ó ¬¬ Û ± ? ± ¬ ı œ ¬ Û À ¬ ı ˛˜ ± À Á ¡ ˜ ± À Á ¡Œ · ± ¬ Û ± ˘ · À ? Œ À̊ Ó ¬ Ú øÀ̧ Ú̃ ± Œ √‡ À Ó ¬ º ¤ À ¸ ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛ √± √± À √¬ ı ˛ Ó̧ ¬ fl «¡fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬ Ú ‡ ¬ ı ¬ ı ˛ √± ¬ ı ˛, › ¬ Û À Ô › Œ fl ¡ ± Ú ø √Ú ˝ √± È ¬ ¬ Û ± Ú ± , Ú œ ˘ ¬ ı Ú̧ ± ¸ ≈µ ¬ ı ˛œ ¬ ı ˛± ¸ ¬ ı ‚ ≈˝ ◊√À ¬ ı ˛Œ ¬ ı Î ¬ ˇ± À 2 6 √º Œ √‡ À ˘ ˝ ◊√ Ò À ¬ ı ˛Œ Ú̊ ˛º ¤ ¬ ı … ø M ê √¬ ı ˛Œ fl “¡ ± ‰ ¬ø √À ˚ ˛ ±̃  √ ¤ ¬ ı — Ó ¬ œ ¬ ı ˛Ò Ú ≈fl ¡ ø √À ˚ ˛¬ Û ± ø ‡ ø ˙ fl ¡ ± À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛’ ˆ ¬ … ± ¸ ø  √ º̆ ’ ± ¬ ı ˛¤ fl ¡ ø È ¬ √± ø ˚ ˛Q ø Ó ¬ ø Ú ø Ú À Ê √¬ ı ˛ fl “¡ ± À Ò ø Ú À ˚ ˛ø  √À Ú̆ ˆ ¬ ^ ¬ ı ± ˘ fl ¡ À √¬ ı ˛ø Ú Ê √ø Ú Ê √fl ¡ Ó «¬ ¬ ı … ø ˙ é ¬ ± Œ √› ˚ ˛± Noblesse oblige ¸ • Û À fl «¡ ’ ¬ ı ø ˝ √Ó ¬fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛± º ’ ±±̃ À fl ¡ Catechism Î ¬ ◊M √¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬ ˝ √Ó ¬ º õ ∂ù üø  √˘ Ó ≈¬ ø ˜ ø fl ¡ man? Ê √¬ ı ± ¬ ı Gentlemanº Ó ≈¬ ø ˜ ø fl ¡ boy? Î ¬ ◊M √¬ ı ˛Good boyº ¤ fl ¡ ø √Ú ø Ú À ‰ ¬ ¬ ı ˛Œ ‡ ˘ ± ¬ ı ˛˜ ± À Í ¬¢ ∂± À ˜ ¬ ı ˛’ À Ú fl ¡ ¬ ı ± ˘ fl ¡ ¤ fl ¡ S ˝ √À ˚ ˛ø fl ¡  ≈√ ‡ ±À̃ ‡ ˚ ˛± ø ˘ Œ ‡ ˘ ± Ò ”À ˘ ± ‰ ¬À̆  √º Œ fl ¡ Î ¬ ◊  ≈√È ¬ À  √, Œ fl ¡ Î ¬ ◊Ù ≈¬ È ¬ ¬ ı ˘ Œ ‡ À̆  √º Œ fl ¡ Î ¬ ◊ ≈√í ¤ fl ¡ È ¬ ± Î ¬ Ú ∆ ¬ ı Í ¬ fl ¡ ø √À 2 6 √ø fl ¡ — ¬ ı ± ˝ √± Î ≈¬Î ≈¬Œ ‡ À̆  √º ¤ ¬ ı ˛ À̃ Ò … ø é ¬ ¬ ı ˛± √± ˝ ◊√ › ¬ ı ˛À Ù ¬é ¬ œ À ¬ ı ˛± √Ï ¬ ± fl ¡ œ , ’ ± ˜ ± À √¬ ı ˛Œ ‰ ¬ À ˚ ˛ø fl ¡  ≈√ ¬ ı ˚ ˛À ¸ ¬ ı Î ¬ ˇ¤ fl ¡ ø È ¬Ê √ø̃ √± ¬ ı ˛¬ Û ≈S À fl ¡ Œ √ø ‡ À ˚ ˛¬ ı À ~ Ú ˆ ¬ ^ À ˘ ± À fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛ Ó̃ ¬Œ ‰ ¬ ˝ √± ¬ ı ˛± Œ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˘ ¤̋ ◊√ ’ ˜ ≈À fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛º ¬ ı ± ˘ fl ¡ ø È ¬’ ± Ŗ À ‰ ¬ Ó ¬ Ú̂ ¬ ± À ¬ ı ≈√í ¤ fl ¡ ø È ¬Î ¬ Ú ∆ ¬ ı Í ¬ fl ¡ ø √À ˚ ˛ ≈√í ¤ fl ¡ ¬ Û ± fl ¡ Œ √à À Î ¬ ˇ ø Ú º̆ ±̊ ¬ ı ˛± ’ Ó ¬ È ¬ ± ¸ ≈ √˙ «Ú ø  √˘ Ú ± Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛± ¤ fl ¡ È ≈¬ Ê ≈√ Ê̆ ≈√˘ fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛Œ √‡ º̆ ¬ ı ± ø Î ¬ ˇ¬ ı ˛¤ fl ¡ È ¬ ± ø √À fl ¡ø  √˘ ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛ø ¬ ı ô¶ œ Ì « Terrace gardenº Œ ¸ ‡ ± À Ú ¸ • §» ¸ ¬ ı ˛Ú ± Ú ± ¬ ı ˛fl ¡ ˜ ŗ œ Ù ¬Ó̆ ¬ º œ̇ Ó ¬ fl ¡ ± À ˘ Ù ≈¬ ˘ fl ¡ ø ¬ Û , ¬ ı “± Ò ± fl ¡ ø ¬ Û , fl ¡ Î ¬ ˇ± ˝ ◊√q ø È ¬ ,È̃ ¬ ¬ ı ˛q ø È ¬ , ˜ ”À ˘ ± , ¬ Û ± ˘ — , È ¬ ˜ … ± À È ¬ ± ˝ ◊√Ó ¬ … ± ø √º Œ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˘ ’ ± ˘ ≈¬ ı ˛ ‰ ¬ ± À ¯ ∏’ ± ˜ ¬ ı ˛± fl ¡ ‡ À Ú ± Œ Ó ¬Ú̃ ¸ ± Ù ¬ ˘ … ¬ Û ± ˝ ◊√ø Ú º fl ¡ ±œ̆ ¬ ı ± ø Î ¬ ˇÀ Ó ¬¬ Û ≈À ¬ ı ˛± ø ˝ √Ó ¬w ± Ó ‘¬ ¡ Z ˚ ˛Ú ± Ú ± õ ∂fl ¡ ± ¬ ı ˛¬ Û ¬ ı ˛œ é ¬ ± ø Ú ¬ ı ˛œ é ¬ ± fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬ Ú º fl ¡ ‡ À Ú ± fl ¡ ‡ À Ú ± fl “¡ ± À ‰ ¬ ¬ ı ˛∆ ¬ ı ˚ ˛À ˜ Œ À̆ ¬ ı ˘ ¤ “À È ¬ ’ ± ˘ ≈˝ ◊√Ó ¬ … ± ø √Œ ¬ ı ˛À ‡ ø √À Ó ¬ Ú º ’ ± ¬ ı ˛ œ̇ Ó ¬ fl ¡ ± À ˘ ¬ ı ˛’ ± · c fl ¡ ø  √˘ ¬ Û ± ‡ œ › ˚ ˛± ˘ ± ¬ ı ˛± º fl “¡ ± À Ò ˜ ô¶ ¬ ı Î ¬ ˇ¬ ı “± À fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛ ≈√ø √À fl ¡ Á ≈¡ ø Î ¬ ˇÀ Ó ¬ √ø Î ¬ ˇ¬ ı ˛Ê √± À ˘ ¬ ı g fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛± ¬ Û ± ‡ œ Œ ¬ ı ‰ ¬ À Ó ¬’ ±Ó̧ ¬ º õ ∂Ò ± Ú Ó ¬ ≈√˝ ◊√ Œ | Ì œ ¬ ı ˛¬ Û ± ‡ œ ¶ ö± Ú œ ˚ ˛Ú ± ˜ Ú ± Î ¬ ˇ œ̆ ø √‚ œ̆ º ¤ fl ¡ È ¬ ± fl ¡ ± Œ √Î ¬ ˇÈ ¬ ± fl ¡ ± Œ Ê √± Î ¬ ˇ± ¬ Û ± ‡ œ º · ¬ ı ˛˜ ˜ ¸ ˘ ± › ’ ± ˘ ≈¸ ˝ √À ±̊ À · Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛˜ ± — ¸ Œ ˚ ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛˜ ± ø fl ¡ ’ ¬ Û ”¬ ı «¸ ≈¶ §± ≈√fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛Ó ≈¬À̆ Ó ¬ Ú Ó ¬ ± øÀ̆ ‡ Œ ¬ ı ± Á ¡ ± À Ú ±±̊ À ¬ ı Ú ± º ¸ ¬ ı ˛¶ §Ó ¬ œ ¬ Û ”À Ê √± ¬ ı ˛¸ ˜ ˚ ˛¶ ≈®À ˘ ’ ± ¬ ı ‘ø M √Ú ± È ¬ fl ¡ ’ ø ˆ ¬ Ú̊ ˛˝ ◊√Ó ¬ … ± ø √‰ ¬Ó̆ ¬Œ ˚ Ú̃ ø È ¬’ ± ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛‰ ¬Ó̆ ¬¬ ı ˛¬ ı œ f Ê √˚ ˛ôL œ ¬ ı ˛ -62- ¸ ˜ ˚ ˛º ¤ ¸ ¬ ı ¬ ı … ± ¬ Û ± À ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ ø Ú á¬¬ Û ø G Ó ¬˜ ˙ ± ˝ ◊√ Ê √Ú ± «√Ú fl ¡ ± ¬ ı … Ó ¬ œ Ô «ø ¬ ı À ˙ ¯ ∏Î ¬ ◊À √… ± · œ ø  √À Ú̆ º ’ ±±̃ ¬ ı ˛ √± √± ¬ ı ˛± ’ ± ¬ ı ‘ø M √ › ’ ø ˆ ¬ Ú À ˚ ˛ø ¬ ı À ˙ ¯ ∏Î ¬ ◊» ¸ ± ˝ √œ ø  √À Ú̆ º ¤ ‡ À Ú ±À̃ Ú ¬ Û À Î ¬ ˇ˜ ≈fl ≈¡ È ¬Ú ± È ¬ À fl ¡Œ Ễ √ √± √± Î ¬ " √¬ ı ˛ À̧ ôL ± ¯ ∏fl ≈¡ ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛Œ Ê √… ᬠ¬ ı ˛± Ê √¬ Û ≈À S ¬ ı ˛ˆ ”¬ ø ˜ fl ¡ ± ˚ ˛’ ± À ¬ ı · fl ¡ ø • Û Ó ¬¶ §À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı À̆  √Ú , ˝ ◊√f fl ≈¡ ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛, ˆ ¬ ± ˝ ◊√ ˝ ◊√f fl ≈¡ ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛¤ ‡ Ú › Œ Ó ¬ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛± · Œ · ˘ Ú ± º ’ ± ¬ ı ˛’ ± ˜ ¬ ı ˛± fl ¡ ø Ú á¬w ± Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛± · ̆ √| n ∏˝ √À ˚ ˛Œ √‡ ø  √º õ ∂Ó ¬ ± ¬ Û ± ø √Ó ¬ … Ú ± È ¬ À fl ¡ Œ Ễ √ √± √± ¬ ı ¸ ôL ¬ ı ˛± À ˚ ˛¬ ı ˛ˆ ”¬ ø ˜ fl ¡ ± ˚ ˛¬ Û ≈À Ê √± fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬w ± Ó ≈¬ © Û ≈S õ ∂Ó ¬ ± À ¬ Û ¬ ı ˛˝ √± À Ó ¬ø Ú̋ √Ó ¬˝ √À Ú̆ º Ó “¬ ± ¬ ı ˛˜ ≈À ‡ Ó ¬ ‡ Ú › ë· e ± Ê √˘ , › À ¬ ı ˛’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛· e ± Ê √˘ íº ’ ± ˜ ¬ ı ˛± Œ fl “¡ À √ˆ ¬ ± øÀ̧ ˚ ˛ø √˘ ≈ º̃ ¬ ı ¸ ôL ¬ ı ˛± ˚ ˛¬ Û ”Ê √± ˚ ˛¬ ı À̧ ˘ w ± Ó ≈¬ © Û ≈S ’ ± À Ú̧ ø ¬ Û Ó ‘¬ À ¬ ı … ¬ ı ˛ À̧ e ¸ ± é ¬ ± » fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À Ó ¬ º Ó “¬ ± À fl ¡ Œ √À ‡ ø ¬ Û Ó ‘¬ ¬ ı … ’ Ú ≈‰ ¬ ¬ ı ˛À √¬ ı ˛¬ ı À Ú̆ ì· e ± Ê √˘ ø Ú À ˚ ˛’ ± ˚ ˛º ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛· e ± Ê √ º̆ î ¤ ¬ ı — Ó ¬ » é ¬ Ì ± » õ ∂Ó ¬ ± ¬ Û Ó “¬ ± À fl ¡ ˝ √Ó ¬ … ± fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛Ú º õ ∂Ó ¬ ± ¬ Û ¬ Û é ¬ œ ˚ ˛À √¬ ı ˛¬ ı M ê √¬ ı … ˝ √˘ , ¬ ı ¸ ôL ¬ ı ˛± À ˚ ˛¬ ı ˛Ó ¬ ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± ø ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛Ú ± ˜ · e ± Ê √ º̆ ø Ó ¬ ø Ú Œ ¸ ˝ ◊√ Ó ¬ ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± ø ¬ ı ˛˝ ◊√ ‰ ¬ ± ˝ ◊√ø  √À Ú̆ º ’ ± ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ¸ ôL ¬ ı ˛± ˚ ˛¬ Û é ¬ œ À ˚ ˛¬ ı ˛± ¬ ı À Ú̆ , Ú ± ˝ √Ó ¬ ˆ ¬ ± · … ¬ ı ‘X ¬ Û ”Ê √± ¸ ˜ ± ¬ Û À Ú ¬ ı ˛Ê √Ú … · À e ± √fl ¡õ ∂± Ô «Ú ± fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛ø  √À Ú̆ ˜ ± S º ’ ± ¬ ı ‘ø M √¬ ı ˛ õ ∂Ò ± Ú Î ¬ ◊» ¸ ø  √˘ ¬ ı ˛¬ ı œ f Ú ± À Ô ¬ ı ˛¸ = ø ˚ ˛Ó ¬ ± º Ú Ê √è À ˘ ¬ ı ˛¸ ø = Ó ¬ ± ø fl ¡ — ¬ ı ± ’ ø ¢ ü¬ ı œ Ì ± › ¬ ı … ¬ ı ˝ √± ¬ ı ˛˝ √Ó ¬ º ¬ ı U ¬ ı … ¬ ı ˝ √+ Ó ¬fl ¡ ø ¬ ı Ó ¬ ± ø  √˘ ìŒ √¬ ı Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛¢ ∂± ¸ î,ìø Ú Á «¡ À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛¶ §õ ü ˆ ¬ e î,ì’ ± ø ٠ˬ fl ¡ ± î ˝ ◊√Ó ¬ … ± ø √º ¸ ≈fl ¡ ± ôL ˆ ¬ A ± ‰ ¬ ± ˚ «Ú ± À ˜ Ú ± ¬ ı ± ˘ fl ¡¤ fl ¡fl ¡ ø ¬ ı ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ ± ¬ ı … ˜ ± À Á ¡˜ ± À Á ¡Î ¬ ◊“ø fl ¡ø √Ó ¬Ó ¬ À ¬ ı Ó ¬ ‡ Ú › Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛Œ Ó ¬Ú̃ ¬ ı U ˘ õ ∂‰ ¬Ú̆ ˝ √˚ ˛ø Ú º ì¬ı ˛± Ú ± ¬ ı ˛î ø fl ¡ — ¬ ı ± ì¬Û ”ø Ì «˜ ± ¬ ı ˛‰ “¬ ± √Œ Ú̊ Á ¡ ˘ ¸ ± À Ú ± è ø È ¬ î ’ ± ¬ ı ˛› ¤ fl ¡ ˚ ≈· ¬ Û À ¬ ı ˛’ ± ˜ ± À √¬ ı ˛¶ ≈®˘ Ê √œ ¬ ı À Ú ¬ ı ˛Œ À̇ ¯ ∏¬ Û = ± À ˙ ¬ ı ˛ √ À̇ fl ¡ fl ¡ ˘ fl ¡ ± Ó ¬ ± ˚ ˛¬ ı … ± ¬ Û fl ¡ ¶ ö± Ú fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛ø Ú À ˚ ˛ø  √ º̆ Ó ¬ ‡ Ú › ¬ Û̊ «ôL , ’ Ô «± » ‰ ¬ ø ~ À ˙ ¬ ı ˛Î ¬ ◊˘ ¬ Û ≈À ¬ ı ˛¸ ≈fl ¡ ± ôL ’ ä ¶ §ä ¬ Û Î ¬ ˇ± ˝ √Ó ¬¤ ¬ ı — Ó ¬ ± ø ˆ ¬ i ߶ §± À √¬ ı ˛¸ ≈fl ¡ ± ôL º À̃ Ú ¬ Û Î ¬ ˇÀ  √w ± Ó ≈¬ © Û ≈S œ À fl ¡ õ ∂¬ ı ± ¸ Œ Ô À fl ¡ Ó “¬ ± ¬ ı ˛Œ ˘ ‡ ± ¤ fl ¡ ø È ¬¬ Û S fl ¡ ± À ¬ ı … ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ ø È ¬ ¬ Û „ √ø M ê √– ìfl ¡ ˘ … ± Ì œ ˚ ˛± øK̃ I ◊≈¬ ı ˛± Ì œ , é ≈¬ ^ Œ Ó ¬ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛¬ Û S ‡ ± ø Ú Œ ¬ Û “à À  √Œ · À  √’ ± Ê √À fl ¡Œ ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛ ¤ À !¡ ¬ ı ± À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± e ± À ˘ ± ¬ ı ˛º î Œ √± À ˘ ¬ ı ˛ø √Ú º ¸ fl ¡ ± À ˘ ¤ fl ¡ ’ ± Ò È ≈¬Œ √± ˘ Œ ‡ ˘ ± ˝ √À ˚ ˛À  √º ¶ ß± Ú ± ˝ √± ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛‚ ≈ È̃ ≈¬ ˜ ø √À ˚ ˛ø ¬ ı À fl ¡ À ˘ ¬ ı ˛ø √À fl ¡ ø Ú À ‰ ¬ ¬ ı ˛ ˜ ± À Í ¬¤ À ¸ ø  √Œ ‡ ˘ ± Ò ”À ˘ ± ¬ ı ˛’ ± ˙ ± ˚ ˛º ¬ Û À fl ¡ À È ¬ø fl ¡ c ¤ fl ¡ È ≈¬’ ± ø ¬ ı ¬ ı ˛Œ Í ¬ ± „ √± ¬ ı ˛ À̃ Ò … º Œ fl ¡ ± Ú ’ Ó̧ ¬ fl «¡ ȩ œ À fl ¡ ’ Ó ¬ ø fl «¡ À Ó ¬˝ √± ˜ ˘ ± fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛¬ Û̊ ≈«… √ô¶ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛Ê √À Ú … º ¤̃ Ú ¸ ˜ ˚ ˛¸ ¬ ı ≈Ê √‚ ± À ¸ Ï ¬ ± fl ¡ ± ø ¬ ı ô¶ œ Ì «˜ ± À Í ¬ ¬ ı ˛¤ õ ∂± ôL Œ Ô À fl ¡ › õ ∂± À ôL ø ¸ “ø Ô ¬ ı ˛ Ó̃ ¬¬ Û ± À ˚ ˛‰ ¬ ˘ ± ¬ ı ˛± ô¶ ± ø È ¬Ò À ¬ ı ˛ ≈√ø È ¬˜ ± Ú ≈¯ ∏’ ±À̧ Ó ¬˘ ± · À Ú̆ ø ¬ Û Ó ¬ ± ¬ Û ≈S ∑ Ú ± ø fl ¡Œ Ê √… ᬛ fl ¡ ø Ú á¬ w ± Ó ¬ ± ∑ ”√¬ ı ˛¢ ∂± À ˜ ¬ ı ˛ˆ ¬ ^ ˜ ± Ú ≈¯ ∏º Œ ¬ Û ± ¯ ∏± fl ¡ ’ ± ¸ ± fl ¡¬ Û ø ¬ ı ˛2 6 √i ߺ ¬ Û ø ¬ ı ˛¬ Û ± ø È ¬ø ¸ “ø Ô fl ¡ ± È ¬ ± º ¬ ı ± ˘ fl ¡ ø È ¬ À fl ¡Œ √À ‡ ’ æ ≈√Ó ¬ ¤ fl ¡ È ¬ ± ’ ± Ú µ › ø Ú̊ «± Ó ¬ À Ú ¬ ı ˛¶ Û ‘˝ √± Ê √i j ±º̆ ¤ À fl ¡¬ ı ˛„ √ø √À Ó ¬ ˝ ◊√ ˝ √À ¬ ı º Î ¬ ◊ˆ ¬ À ˚ ˛ øÀ̃ ˘ ’ À Ú fl ¡fl ¡ ± fl ≈¡ ø Ó ¬øÚ̃ ø Ó ¬ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À Ú̆ º Œ fl ¡ Œ ˙ ± À Ú fl ¡ ± ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ Ô ± ∑ Œ √± À ˘ ¬ ı ˛ø √À Ú ø ¬ ı À fl ¡ ˘ Œ ¬ ı ˘ ± ¶ ≈®À ˘ ¬ ı ˛ø Ú À ‰ ¬ ¬ ı ˛˜ ± Í ¬ø √À ˚ ˛ø ˆ ¬ Ú · “± À ˚ ˛¬ ı ˛ ±̃ Ú ≈¯ ∏ ±̊ 2 6 √º ’ Ô ‰ ¬¤ fl ¡ È ≈¬¬ ı ˛„ √Œ √À ¬ ı ± Ú ± ∑ ¬ Û ø ¬ ı ˛2 6 √i ߌ ¬ Û ± ¯ ∏± À fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛ ≈√ø È ¬ˆ ¬ ^ ˜ ± Ú ≈¯ ∏º ø ¬ Û Ó ¬ ± ¬ Û ≈S Ú ± ≈√˝ ◊√ w ± Ó ¬ ± ∑ Œ fl ¡Ê √± À Ú º ¬ ı ± ˘ fl ¡ ø È ¬ À fl ¡À̃ Ú ¬ ı ˛¸ ≈À ‡ ¬ ı ˛„ √Œ √˚ ˛± ˝ √˘ fl ¡ À ˚ ˛fl ¡ Ê √Ú øÀ̃ º̆ Œ ¸ Œ ¬ ı ‰ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛œ ø ¬ ı À ˙ ¯ ∏ ≈√– ø ‡ Ó ¬ º Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛Œ ¬ Û ± ¯ ∏± fl ¡ ¬ ı ± ø ¸ “ø Ô -63- fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛± ‰ ≈¬ ˘ ’ ¬ ı ˙ … ¶ Û̇ « fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛± ˝ √˘ Ú ± º fl ¡ ¬ Û ± ˘ ˆ ¬ ø Ó «¬ fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛Œ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˘ ’ ± ø ¬ ı ¬ ı ˛º œ̇ À Ó ¬ ¬ ı ˛¤ fl ¡ ¸ fl ¡ ±º̆ ¬ Û Î ¬ ˇ± q À Ú ± Œ ˙ ¯ ∏ fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛¤ fl ¡ È ≈¬È ¬ ˝ √˘ ø √À Ó ¬Œ ¬ ı ø ¬ ı ˛À ˚ ˛ø  √º ø Í ¬ fl ¡ ø fl ¡À̃ Ú ± ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı ø Ú À ˚ ˛Ê √± ø Ú Ú ±  √¸ ± Ó ¬¬ ı  √À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛ ¬ ı ± ˘ fl ¡Ú ¢ ü¬ Û À √Ú ¢ ü· ± À S ¤ fl ¡ ø È ¬˜ ± S ˝ √± Ù ¬ ¬ Û … ± K I ◊ ¬ Û ø ¬ ı ˛Ò ± À Ú ,˝ √± À Ó ¬¤ fl ¡ ‡ ± ø Ú ˘ ± ø Í ¬¢ ∂± ˜ ¬ Û ø ¬ ı ˛S ê ˜ ± ˚ ˛Œ ¬ ı ø ¬ ı ˛À ˚ ˛¬ Û Î ¬ ˇÓ ≈¬º̃ ˜ ± Á ¡ ¬ Û À Ô ’ õ ∂Ó ¬ … ± øÓ̇ ¬¸ ± é ¬ ± » fl ¡ ± ¬ ı ˛ø ¬ Û Ó ‘¬ À √À ¬ ı ¬ ı ˛ À̧ e º ‡ V À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛Ò ≈ø Ó ¬¬ Û ± ? ± ø ¬ ı ¬ Û ø ¬ ı ˛ø ˝ √Ó ¬¸ ˝ √fl ¡ ± ¬ ı ˛œ õ ∂Ò ± Ú ø ˙ é ¬ fl ¡˜ ˙ ± ˝ ◊√ ˝ √˚ ˛Ó ¬¢ ∂± À ˜ ¬ ı ˛Œ fl ¡ ± Ú Ê √ø̃ √± ¬ ı ˛˙ ø ¬ ı ˛À fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± ø Î ¬ ˇÀ Ó ¬‰ ¬ ± ¬ Û ± Ú › Œ Ã̧ Ê √Ú … ø ¬ ı ø Ú̃ ˚ ˛ fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛ø Ù ¬ ¬ ı ˛À  √Ú º ¤ fl ¡ ø È ¬˜ ‘ ≈√ ˝ √± ¸ … ø ¬ ı ø Ú̃ ˚ ˛˝ √ º̆ ¤̋ ◊√¬ ı ˛fl ¡ ˜ ˝ ◊√ ¤ fl ¡ ø È ¬¬ Û √‰ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛Ì fl ¡ ± À ˘ ’ ± ø ¬ ı © ®± ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛˘ ≈˜ ¶ ≈®˘ ¬ ı ± ø Î ¬ ˇ¬ ı ˛’ ”√À ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ ‰ ≈¬ ø ¬ ı ˛¬ Û ± Ú ± ’ ± ¬ ı ‘Ó ¬¤ fl ¡ ø È ¬¤ “À √± ¬ Û ≈fl ≈¡ À ¬ ı ˛˜ ±  √Ò ¬ ı ˛± ¬ ı ˛Œ Ó ¬ ± Î ¬ ˇÀ Ê √± Î ¬ ˇ‰ ¬À̆  √º ±̊ ˚ ˛Œ fl ¡ ± Ô ± ∑ ’ Ú ≈˜ ø Ó ¬ ‰ ¬ ± ˝ ◊√À Ó ¬Œ · À ˘ ø ˜ À̆ ¬ ı Ú ± Ê √± Ú ± ’ ± À  √º ¸ ≈Ó ¬ ¬ ı ˛± — ’ · Ó ¬ … ± Î ¬ ◊M √˜ Ò̃ … ˜ ø ¡ Z õ ∂˝ √À ¬ ı ˛ø Ú ø ( Ó ¬Œ Ê √À Ú › Œ ¬ ı ˘ ± √ È̇ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛ ¤̋ ◊√ ˜ » ¸ … ’ ø ˆ ¬±̊ À Ú Œ Ú À ˜ ¬ Û ø Î ¬ ˇº Ú ± ø Ó ¬ ¬ ı ‘˝ √» ¬ Û ≈© ≈®ø ¬ ı ˛Ì œ À Ó ¬˝ “√± È ≈¬ Ê √˘ fl ¡ ± √± ‚ ≈øÀ̆ ˚ ˛Î ¬ ◊Í ¬ À  √º ^ n Ó ¬ ˝ √± À Ó ¬fl ¡ ‰ ≈¬ ø ¬ ı ˛¬ Û ± Ú ± Œ È ¬ À Ú Œ Ó ¬ ± ˘ ± ˝ √À 2 6 √º ˆ ¬ ± · … ¬ ı ± À Ú ¬ ı ˛± fl ¡ ‰ ≈¬ ø ¬ ı ˛¬ Û ± Ú ± ¬ ı ˛ “√± ø Î ¬ ˇÀ Ó ¬’ ± È ¬ À fl ¡Ô ± fl ¡ ± ˜ ±  √È ¬ ± ¬ ı ± ø ‰ ¬ — ø Î ¬ ˇ˜ ±  √È ¬ ± ¸ — ¢ ∂˝ √ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À  √Ú º øq̇ À √¬ ı ˛Î ¬ ◊» ¸ ± ˝ √È ¬ ± fl ¡ 2 6 √À ¬ Û ¬ ı ˛Â √± Ú ± ¬ ı ˛ø √À fl ¡ º ø fl ¡’ À ±̃ ‚ ’ ± fl ¡ ¯ ∏«Ì ø  √˘ ¬ ı ± √±œ̃ ˝ √˘ ≈ √Œ  √± ¬ Û Œ √› ˚ ˛± ø ¬ Û Í ¬ ¶ a± Ì ¸ • §øÓ̆ ¬¤̋ ◊√ ø fl ¡ y ≈Ó ¬õ ∂± Ì œ ø È ¬ ¬ ı ˛ õ ∂ø Ó ¬ º ¤ fl ¡ ø È ¬˝ √± À Ó ¬Œ ¬ Û À ˘ À̃ Ú ˝ √Ó ¬¶ §· «Œ ¬ Û ˘ ≈ º̃ Ó ¬ » é ¬ Ì ± » fl ¡Ó̆ ¬ ˘ ± ¬ ı ˛Ú «√˜ ± ¬ ı ˛ ˜ ≈‡ ˝ ◊“√È ¬› ˜ ± ø È ¬ø √À ˚ ˛¬ ı g fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛ø È ¬ Î ¬ ◊¬ ı › À ˚ ˛˘ ¬ Û ± • Û fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛ fl ‘¡ ø S̃ ¬ Û ≈fl ≈¡ ¬ ı ˛∆ Ó ¬ ø ¬ ı ˛˝ √˘ , fl ¡ ‰ ≈¬ ø ¬ ı ˛¬ Û ± Ú ± ˝ ◊√Ó ¬ … ± ø √ø √À ˚ ˛ ¶ §± ˆ ¬ ± ø ¬ ı fl ¡ Ó ¬ ± ’ ± Ú ± ˝ √ º̆ ¤ ø √À fl ¡ fl ¡Ó̆ ¬ ˘ ± ’ ± È ¬ À fl ¡±̊ › ˚ ˛± ˚ ˛Œ Ú ± „ √¬ ı ˛± ˝ √À 2 6 √º ¬ ı Î ¬ ˇÀ √¬ ı ˛˙ ±Ú̧ › Ó ¬ ± · ± √± ¬ ı ± Î ¬ ˇÀ  √º Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛› ¬ Û ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ 2 6 √À ¬ Û ¬ ı ˛˜ ô¶ ¬ ı ± ˘ ± ˝ ◊√ ˝ √˘ ’ ±̊ S ± º fl ¡ 2 6 √¬ Û ø Ú À ˚ ˛Œ fl ¡ ± Ô ± › ±̊ S ± fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛Î ¬ ◊¬ Û ± ˚ ˛Œ Ú̋ ◊√º ¤ fl ¡ ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛ø √ø √¬ ı ˛ ¬ ı ± ø Î ¬ ˇ˜ ± Á ¡ ¬ ı ± ø Î ¬ ˇÀ Ó ¬ø √Ú fl ¡ Ó ¬ fl ¡Œ Ô À fl ¡˝ √± ø Î ¬ ˇˆ ¬ ø Ó «¬fl ¡ 2 6 √À ¬ Û ¬ ı ˛Â √± Ú ± Ê √øÀ̃ ˚ ˛Œ Ù ¬ ˘ ˘ ≈ º̃ ’ ø ˆ ¬ õ ∂± ˚ ˛Î ¬ ◊˘ ¬ Û ≈¬ ı ˛ø Ú À ˚ ˛ ’ ± ¸ ¬ ı º ø fl ¡’ ± ( ˚ «/ ±̊ S ± ¬ ı ˛ õ ∂≈Ó ¬ … À ¯ ∏Œ √ø ‡ Œ fl ¡˝ “√± ø Î ¬ ˇÎ ¬ ◊À åI ◊Œ ¬ ı ˛À ‡ À  √º ’ ± ¬ ı ˛ ¤̃ Ú ’ õ ∂Ó ¬ … ± øÓ̇ ¬˜ ≈ø M ê √˘ ± À ˆ ¬ ’ fl ‘¡ Ó ¬ : fl ¡ 2 6 √À ¬ Û ¬ ı ˛± & Î ¬ ˇ& Î ¬ ˇ fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛Œ Ú À ˜ ¬ Û ± À ˙ ¬ ı ˛¬ Û ≈fl ≈¡ À ¬ ı ˛· ± Ï ¬ ± fl ¡ ± ø √À ˚ ˛À  √º Á ¡ Î ¬ ˇ¬ ı ± √À ˘ ¬ ı ˛ø √Ú º fl ≈¡ È ≈¬ À ˜ ¬ ı ˛± ¬ ı ± ø Î ¬ ˇ ø Ù ¬ ¬ ı ˛À ¬ ı º Œ  √À È̆ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± ˚ ˛Ú ± fl ¡ 2 6 √¬ Û À̧ e ø Ú À ˚ ˛ ±̊ À ¬ ı º Ó ¬ ± ˝ ◊√ ø √ø √ø ¬ ı ˛˙ ± q ø Î ¬ ˇø fl ¡ — ¬ ı ± ’ Ú … Œ fl ¡ ± Ú q̂ ¬ ± Ô π ’ ø ˆ ¬ ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı fl ¡ ’ ±̊ S ± & À ˘ ± À fl ¡ ˜ ≈ø M ê √ø √À ˚ ˛À  √Ú º œ̇ À Ó ¬ ¬ ı ˛Œ ¸ ˝ ◊√ ¬ Û ± Ú ± ¬ Û ≈fl ≈¡ À ¬ ı ˛Ú ± Ú ± ¬ ı ˚ ˛ œ̧ ¶ aœ ¬ Û ≈è̄ ∏Œ Ú À ˜ ¬ Û À Î ¬ ˇÀ  √Ú Ê √± ø Ó ¬ Ò̃ «ø Ú ø ¬ ı «À À̇ ¯ ∏º Œ fl ¡ Î ¬ ◊Œ fl ¡ Î ¬ ◊Œ ¬ Û ± À ˘ ± ø fl ¡ — ¬ ı ± Œ̋ √± ‰ ¬ ± ø Ú À ˚ ˛¤ À À̧  √Ú º  √¬ Û Â √¬ Û À̇ s fl ¡ ˝ ◊√ø ¸ ø e ˜ ± & ¬ ı ˛ø ˙ fl ¡ ± ¬ ı ˛‰ ¬À̆  √º ¤ ¬ ı ˛ À̃ Ò … Œ fl ¡ Î ¬ ◊ë¬ ı ± ¬ Û À ¬ ı ˛˜ ± À ¬ ı ˛í ø ‰ ¬ » fl ¡ ± ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛Ê √˘ Œ  √À Î ¬ ˇÎ ¬ ± e ± ˚ ˛Î ¬ ◊À Í ¬¬ Û Î ¬ ˇ º̆ ø fl ¡ Ú ± , ø ¸ ø e ˜ ± À  √ë fl ¡ ± Ó ¬ ± ø √À  √í ’ Ô «± » fl “¡ ± È ¬ ± Œ À̃ ¬ ı ˛À  √º Œ ¬ ı ˙ L̊ aÌ ± ˝ √Ó ¬Ó ¬ ± À Ó ¬ º ¶ ö± Ú œ ˚ ˛› ¯ ∏≈Ò ø  √˘ ø ¬ ı ¯ ∏fl “¡ ± È ¬ ±œ̆ ¬ ı ˛· ±  √ø √À ˚ ˛Œ ¬ Û È ¬ ± À Ú ± º Ó ¬ ± À Ó ¬‡ ≈¬ ı Œ ¬ ı ø ˙ Î ¬ ◊¬ Û̇ ˜ ˝ √Ó ¬Ú ± º ≈√¬ Û ≈¬ ı ˛¬ Û̊ «ôL Á “¡ ± ¬ Û ± ˝ ◊√ Á ≈¡ À Î ¬ ˇ& ø È ¬ fl ¡ Ó ¬ fl ¡ø ¸ ø e fl ¡ ˝ ◊√ Ú … ± √¸ ˝ ◊√Ó ¬ … ± ø √ø Ú À ˚ ˛Œ Ù ¬ ¬ ı ˛± Œ · º̆ ¬ ı ± ø Î ¬ ˇÀ Ó ¬õ ∂Ỗ È ¬ ± Ó ¬ Ê «√Ú · Ê «√Ú ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛ ˆ ¬ œ ø Ó ¬ õ ∂ √˙ «Ú Œ ˚ ¸ ¬ ı ˜ ±  √ø Ó ¬ ø Ú ’ ± √± À Î ¬ ˇŒ Ù ¬ À ˘ Œ √À ¬ ı Ú º Œ ˙ ¯ ∏¬ Û̊ «ôL ±̃ À ˚ ˛¬ ı ˛ Ò̃ … ¶ öÓ ¬ ± ˚ ˛¸ ˜ ± Ò ± Ú ˝ √ º̆ ˜ ±  √¬ ı ˛± i ß± › ˝ √ º̆ Œ ¬ ı ˘ ± À À̇ ¯ ∏ˆ ¬ ± Ó ¬ Œ ‡ À ˚ ˛ø ¬ ı | ± ˜ › ø ¬ ı fl ¡ ± À ˘ ¬ ı ˛¬ Û Î ¬ ˇ± q À Ú ± ¬ ı ˛Î ¬ ◊À √… ± · º ’ ± ¬ ı ˛¤ fl ¡ ø È ¬fl ¡ ± ø ˝ √Ú œ ¬ ı À ˘ œ̇ À Ó ¬ ¬ ı ˛Î ¬ ◊˘ ¬ Û ≈À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛’ Ò … ± ˚ ˛¸ ˜ ± 5 fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛¬ ı º Œ ¸ ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛Œ Ê √… ᬠˆ ¬ ¢ üœ ¬ Û ø Ó ¬ ’ ± ˜ ± À √¬ ı ˛’ ± ø Ó ¬ Ô … ¢ ∂˝ √Ì fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛’ ø ˆ ¬ õ ∂± ˚ ˛Ê √± Ú ± À Ú̆ º Ó ¬ ‡ Ú fl ≈¡ À ~ ˆ ¬ ¢ üœ ¬ Û ø Ó ¬q Ò ≈‹ ¤ fl ¡ ø È ¬Ó ¬ ± ˝ ◊√ Ú̊ ˛º ¬ Û ¬ ı ˛c ∆ ¬ ı ¬ ı ± ø ˝ √fl ¡ fl ≈¡ ˘ ¬ ı À̆ Ó ¬ › Ó “¬ ± À √¬ ı ˛¬ Û ø ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛˝ ◊√º fl ¡ ± ¬ ı ˛Ì w ± Ó ¬ ± ˆ ¬ ¢ üœ À √¬ ı ˛ À̃ Ò … ˜ ± S ¤ fl ¡ Ê √Ú̋ ◊√ Ó ¬ ‡ Ú ø ¬ ı ¬ ı ± ø ˝ √Ó ¬ º ’ ± ˜ ¬ ı ˛± Ú ± ¬ ı ± ˘ fl ¡ˆ ¬ ± ˝ ◊√¬ ı ˛± ’ ± ˜ ± À √¬ ı ˛˜ ± Ó ‘¬ Ó ≈¬ ˘ … ± Œ Ê √… ᬱ ˆ ¬ ¢ üœ ¬ ı ˛ø ¬ ı √± À ˚ ˛Œ ˚ Ú̃ ˜ ˜ «± ˝ √Ó ¬˝ √À ˚ ˛ø  √˘ ≈˜ Œ Ó ¬ø̃ Ú ¸ ≈¬ Û ≈è̄ ∏ -64- ˆ ¬ ¢ üœ ¬ Û ø Ó ¬ ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛e ¬ ı ˛˝ √À ¸ … ø ¬ ı À ˙ ¯ ∏ õ ∂œ Ó ¬ø  √˘ ≈ º̃ ø ¬ ı À ˙ ¯ ∏Ó ¬ ≈√í ¤ fl ¡ ¬ ı » À̧ ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛ À̃ Ò … ˚ ‡ Ú Ù ≈¬ È ¬ Ù ≈¬ À È ¬Ú Ó ≈¬ Ú ¸ ôL ± Ú ø È ¬ ¬ ı ˛Ê √i j ’ ± ˜ ± À √¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± ø Î ¬ ˇÀ Ó ¬‚ È ¬ ˘ Ó ¬ ‡ Ú ¬ Û̊ «ôL ‹ ¤ fl ¡ ø È ¬ˆ ¬ ± ø · À Ú̊ ˛º w ± Ó ≈¬ © Û ≈À S ¬ ı ˛± Ó ¬ ‡ Ú ˆ ¬ ø ¬ ı ¯ ∏… À Ó ¬ ¬ ı ˛· À ˆ «¬ º Ê √± ˜ ± ˝ ◊√¬ ı ± ¬ ı ≈ ’ ±À̧ ¬ ı Ú À̇ s ¸ ± Ê √¸ ± Ê √¬ ı ˛¬ ı ¬ Û À Î ¬ ˇŒ · º̆ ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ± Ê √± ¬ ı ˛Œ Ô À fl ¡ ≈√ø È ¬’ ¸ ˜ ’ ± fl ‘¡ ø Ó ¬ ¬ ı ˛‰ ¬ Ó ≈¬ © Û √¸ — ¢ ∂˝ √ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛À Ú̆ ¤ fl ¡ ø È ¬Œ ¬ Û ~ ± ˚ ˛‡ ± ø ¸ › ¤ fl ¡ ø È ¬ø Ú Ó ¬ ± ôL øq̇ ¬ Û “± Í ¬ ± º ’ Ú ø Ó ¬ ø ¬ ı À̆ • §¤ ¬ ı ˛± Œ ˆ ¬ ± À Ê √¬ ı ˛¬ ı d ˝ √À ¬ ı Œ Ê √À Ú ’ ± ˜ ¬ ı ˛± Ó ¬ ± À √¬ ı ˛ Œ ¬ ı ˙ fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛‡ ± √… Œ Ê √± · ± À Ó ¬˘ ± · ˘ ≈ º̃ Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛± › ’ Ê √Ò À ˜ «q Ò ≈· ±  √¬ Û ± Ó ¬ ± Œ ‡ À ˚ ˛é ¬ ± ôL ˝ √˘ Ú ± º Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛± õ ∂Ô À ˜ ’ ± ˜ fl “¡ ± Í ¬ ± ˘ · ± À  √¬ ı ˛& “ø Î ¬ ˇÀ Ó ¬¬ Û ± Ó ≈¬ À ˘ ø √À ˚ ˛· ± À  √¬ ı ˛Â √± ˘ ø ‰ ¬ ø ¬ ı À ˚ ˛Œ ‡ º̆ Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛¬ Û ¬ ı ˛ ģ ± Ú fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛‚ À ¬ ı ˛Ï ≈¬ À fl ¡ ¬ Û Î ¬ ˇ º̆ Œ ¸ ‡ ± À Ú Œ Ȩ̂ √ √± √± ¬ ı ˛¤ fl ¡ ø È ¬Œ  √± È ¬Ä ± ˝ ◊√ø Î ¬ — ¬ Û … ± À Ú ˘ Œ √› ˚ ˛± fl ¡ ± À Í ¬ ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± ' ø  √ º̆ ˜ ≈‡ ø √À ˚ ˛Œ ¸ ˝ ◊√ ¬ Û … ± À Ú ˘ ‡ ≈À ˘ ’ Ê̊ ≈· ˘ Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛Œ ˆ ¬ Ó ¬ ¬ ı ˛Œ Ô À fl ¡ ’ ± ˜ ¶ §N Œ ¬ ı ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛Œ ‡ À ˚ ˛Œ Ù ¬ À ~ º ¤̋ ◊√ ¬ ı ≈ø X̃ M √± ¬ ı ˛Â √± ¬ Û Œ √À ‡ ’ ± ˜ ¬ ı ˛± Ó ¬Ó ¬ ± À √¬ ı ˛ ¶ ≈®À ˘ ˆ ¬ ø Ó «¬fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛Œ √¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ Ô ± ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı ø  √º ¤̃ Ú ¸ À̃ ˚ ˛¸ — ¬ ı ± √¬ Û ± › ˚ ˛± Œ · ˘ ˆ ¬ ¢ üœ ¬ Û ø Ó ¬Œ ¸ √Ù ¬ ± ˚ ˛’ ± ¬ ı ˛’ ±À̧ Ó ¬ ¬ Û ± ¬ ı ˛À Ú̆ Ú ± º ¸ fl ¡ À ˘ ˝ ◊√ ˆ ¬ ¢ ü À̃ Ú ± ¬ ı ˛Ô ˝ √À Ú̆ Ó̧ ¬ … º ø fl ¡ c fl ¡ ± è ¬ ı ˛ À̃ Ú ¤̃ Ú fl ¡ Ô ± ø Ú ( ˚ ˛Î ¬ ◊“ø fl ¡ Œ À̃ ¬ ı ˛Ô ± fl ¡ À ¬ ı Œ ˚ ±̊ fl ¡Ó ¬ À ¬ ı ¬ Û K I ◊À fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛˜ ± — À ¸ ¬ ı ˛ˆ ¬ ± · È ¬ ± ¤ fl ¡ È ≈¬Œ ¬ ı ø ˙ ˝ ◊√ ¬ Û ± › ˚ ˛±±̊ À ¬ ı º ø fl ¡ c ø Ó ¬ Ú ‰ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛˜ ± ¸ ˘ ±Ú̆ fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛, ø ¬ ı À ˙ ¯ ∏Ó ¬ – ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛, ‹ ≈√ø È ¬Ê √œ À ¬ ı ¬ ı ˛ õ ∂ø Ó ¬’ Ó ¬ … ôL ˜ ± ˚ ˛± ¬ ı ˛¸ = ± ¬ ı ˛˝ √À ˚ ˛À  √º ≈√í ¤ fl ¡ ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛› ≈√ø È ¬ À fl ¡ ¬ ı Ò fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛ õ ∂ô¶ ± ¬ ı ˝ √À 2 6 √q À Ú ’ ± ø ˜ ø ¬ ı À ˙ ¯ ∏ õ ∂ø Ó ¬ ¬ ı ± √ fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛ø  √º ’ ø ˆ ¬ ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı À fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛± ¬ ı ≈Á ¡ À Ú̆ ¤ ˝ √Ó ¬ … ± fl ¡ ± ` ¬’ ôL Ó ¬’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛Î ¬ ◊¬ Û ø ¶ öø Ó ¬ À Ó ¬˝ √À Ó ¬¬ Û ± ¬ ı ˛À ¬ ı Ú ± º Ó ¬ ‡ Ú Œ fl ¡ à À̇ ˘ ’ ± ˜ ± À fl ¡Œ fl ¡ ± Ô ± › ¬ Û ± ø Í ¬ À ˚ ˛Œ √› ˚ ˛± ˝ √˘ Œ fl ¡ ± À Ú ± ’ ø  √˘ ± fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛º ¸ fl ¡ ± À ˘ ¬ ı ˛’ À Ú fl ¡ È ¬ ± ¸ ˜ ˚ ˛ fl ¡ ± ø È ¬ À ˚ ˛˚ ‡ Ú ¤ À ¸ Œ ¬ Û Ã “À  √ø  √ ”√¬ ı ˛Œ Ô À fl ¡¤ fl ¡ È ¬ ± ‘√˙ … Ú Ê √À ¬ ı ˛ ¤̆ º fl ¡Ó̆ ¬ ˘ ± ˚ ˛˜ ô¶ ¬ ı Î ¬ ˇ˜ ± Ú fl ¡ ‰ ≈¬ ¬ ı ˛¬ Û ± Ó ¬ ± ˚ ˛ ˘ ± ˘ ¬ ı ˛À „ √¬ ı ˛ø fl ¡ ¤ fl ¡ È ¬ ± ¬ ı d ô¶ ”¬ Û fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛± ¬ ı Î ¬ ˇÀ √¬ ı ˛ À̃ Ò … ¤ fl ¡ Ê √À Ú ¬ ı ˛˝ √± À Ó ¬ “√± ø Î ¬ ˇ¬ Û ± ~ ± º ’ ± ø ˜ ’ ± ¸ ø  √q À Ú̋ ◊√ œ̇ À Ó ¬ ¬ ı ˛ Œ ¬ ı ˛Ã À ^ & È ¬ ø ˘ ¬ Û ± fl ¡ ± À Ú ± ¤̋ ◊√ ¬ Û ± fl ¡ ± ˜ ± Ô ± & À ˘ ± Œ fl ¡Ú̃ Œ Ú̊ Ļ aô¶ ˝ √À ˚ ˛Î ¬ ◊Í ¬º̆ ø fl ¡  ≈√ ø fl ¡  ≈√ ø ¬ ı ¯ ∏À ˚ ˛¢ ∂± À ˜ ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± ˘ fl ¡ ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛¬ Û q ø fl ¡ — ¬ ı ± Î ¬ ◊¬ Û Ê √± Ó ¬ œ ˚ ˛˜ ± Ú ≈À ¯ ∏¬ ı ˛ Ó̃ ¬¸ ˝ √Ê √± Ó ¬Œ ¬ ı ± Ò (instinct) fl ¡ ± Ê √ fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛Ó ¬ º ¤ fl ¡˜ ≈˝ ”√Ó «¬¸ ˜ ˚ ˛Œ · ˘ ¬ ı … ± ¬ Û ± ¬ ı ˛È ¬ ± ¬ ı ≈Á ¡ À Ó ¬ º Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛¬ Û ¬ ı ˛’ w ± ôL À̆ é ¬ … Á “¡ ± ø ¬ Û À ˚ ˛¬ Û Î ¬ ˇ˘ ≈˜ õ ∂Ò ± Ú ’ ± Ó ¬ Ó ¬ ± ˚ ˛œ ø é ¬ ¬ ı ˛± √± ˝ ◊√¤ ¬ ı ˛› ¬ Û ¬ ı ˛º Ó ¬ ± À fl ¡ ’ ± “‰ ¬ À Î ¬ ˇ fl ¡ ±À̃ Î ¬ ˇÚ ± ô¶ ± Ú ± ¬ ı ≈ √fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛Œ Ù ¬ ~ ≈˜ , ì˝ √± ¬ ı ˛±Ễ √± √± , ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛¬ Û “± Í ¬ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛Â √ º̧ Ó ¬ À ¬ ı ˛’ ± ø ˜ Œ ˙ ¯ ∏ fl ¡ è̃ ’ ± ˝ ◊√Ê √îº ¢ ∂± À ˜ ¬ ı ˛ø Ú̊ ˛˜ ’ Ú ≈ ±̊ ˚ ˛œ ¬ Û “± Í ¬ ± ≈√ø È ¬ √± ˝ ◊√¬ ı ± ø Î ¬ ˇ¬ ı ˛¤ fl ¡ Ê √Ú À fl ¡ ø √À ˚ ˛¬ ı ø ˘ ø √À ˚ ˛Â √± ø Î ¬ ˇÀ ˚ ˛ ±̃ — ¸ fl ≈¡ À È ¬Œ Ú̊ ˛± ˝ √À ˚ ˛À  √º ˚ ‡ Ú › Ê √Ú fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛ ≈√ø Ó ¬ Ú ø È ¬¬ Û ø ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ± À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛ À̃ Ò … ˆ ¬ ± · fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛Œ Ú ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛Î ¬ ◊À √… ± · ‰ ¬À̆  √, ø Í ¬ fl ¡ Ó ¬ ‡ ≈ø Ú ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛’ ± ø ¬ ı ˆ «¬ ± ¬ ı º õ ∂Ỗ Œ ˙ ± À fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛Î ¬ ◊2 6 3√± ¸ Œ ˙ ¯ ∏˝ √À ˘ ’ ± ø ˜ ø ¬ ı À : ¬ ı ˛ Ó̃ ¬Œ ‚ ± ¯ ∏Ì ± fl ¡ ¬ ı ˛˘ ≈˜ , ì› ±̃ — ¸ ’ ± ø ˜ Œ  “√± ¬ ı Ú ± º î ¶ ß± Ú ± ˝ √± À ¬ ı ˛¬ ı ˛ ¸ ˜ ˚ ˛º ¸ fl ¡ À ˘ ˜ ô¶ ¬ ı Î ¬ ˇ¬ ı ˛± i ß± ‚ À ¬ ı ˛ø ¬ Û “ø Î ¬ ˇŒ ¬ Û À Ó ¬Œ ‡ À Ó ¬¬ ı À À̧  √º ’ ± ˜ ± ¬ ı ˛¬ Û ± À ˙ ’ ±±̃ ¬ ı ˛ˆ ¬ ± ˝ ◊√ À̃ Ú ± À Ó ¬ ± ¯ ∏º ’ ± À Î ¬ ˇ ’ ± À Î ¬ ˇŒ √‡ ø  √’ ± ¬ ı ˛ À̃ Ú ¬ ı ˛· ˆ ¬ œ À ¬ ı ˛ õ ∂ø Ó ¬ ¬ ı ± √S ê ˜ ˙ ø ô¶ øÓ̃ ¬˝ √À ˚ ˛’ ±À̧  √º ’ ±±̃ ¬ ı ˛˜ ± fl ¡ ¬ Û È ¬¸ ˝ √± Ú ≈ˆ ”¬ ø Ó ¬ À Ó ¬¬ ı À ~ Ú , ì ±̃ — ¸ Ó ¬ ‡ ± ø ¬ ı Ú ± , Ó ¬ ± ’ ôL Ó ¬ ¤ fl ¡ È ≈¬ Œ Á ¡ ± ˘ ’ ± ˘ ≈‡ ± º î ˜ ‘ ≈√’ ± ¬ Û ø M √ fl ¡ À ¬ ı ˛¸ • úÓ ¬ ˝ √˘ ≈ º̃ Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛¬ Û ¬ ı ˛Ò œ À ¬ ı ˛Ò œ À ¬ ı ˛ õ ∂Ô À ˜ Œ À̃ È ¬Ó ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛¬ Û ¬ ı ˛˜ ± — ¸ ¸ ¬ ı ˝ ◊√ ¶ §± ˆ ¬ ± ø ¬ ı fl ¡ ˆ ¬ ± À ¬ ı ¬ Û ± À Ó ¬¬ Û Î ¬ ˇ˘ › ’ ôL ø ˝ «√Ó ¬˝ √ º̆ ¤ ø Ú À ˚ ˛ õ ∂‰ ≈¬ ¬ ı ˛Œ fl ¡ Ã Ó ≈¬ fl ¡ ˝ √± À ¸ … ¬ ı ˛ø ¬ ı ¯ ∏˚ ˛ ˝ √À ˚ ˛¬ Û Î ¬ ˇ˘ ≈ º̃ ø fl ¡ c Œ ¬ ı ± Á ¡ ±±̊ À 2 6 √¬ Û q À fl v¡ ˙ ø Ú ¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛Ì œ ¸ ˆ ¬ ± ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ Ì «Ò ± ¬ ı ˛˝ √¬ ı ± ¬ ı ˛Œ ±̊ · Ó ¬ … ’ ±±̃ ¬ ı ˛ fl ¡ √± ‰ ¬ø  √˘ Ú ± º ø fl ¡ c ¸ ≈¶ ö¸ ¬ ı ˘ è ø ‰ ¬ ¬ ı ˛’ ø Ò fl ¡ ± ¬ ı ˛œ Œ ˆ ¬ ± Ê √Ú ¬ ı ˛ø ¸ fl ¡ ¬ ı ± „ √±œ̆ ø ‰ ¬ ¬ ı ˛fl ¡ ± ˘ ˝ ◊√ ø  √˘ ≈ ,̃ ’ ± Ê √› ’ ± ø  √º q -65- With Best Compliments From SUDHIR ENTERPRISES -66- vk;qosZn dh _f’k ijEijk esa ubZ ØkfUr ds lw=/kkj OkrZeku le; esa vusd jksx bl izdkj ds gSa] ftuds fuokj.k ds fy, ,yksiSfFkd fpfdRlk i)fr lQy ugha gSaA oSKkfud vUos’k.kksa ds vuUrj Hkh cgqr ls jksxksa dh fpfdRlk vc rd QyhHkwr ugha gks ldh gS vkSj vlk/; le>h tkrh gSA vHkh rd tks fpfdRlk fo/kk,¡ izpfyr gks ldh gSa] os dsoy ckgkz y{k.kksa osnuk vkfn dk mi”keu ek= djrh gSaA jksx dks ewy ls fou’V ugha djrh gSaA ;s y{k.k “kkar gksus ds i”pkr iqu% tkx`r gks tkrs gSa e/kqesg] :esfVd] laf/k”kksFk] xfB;k (vkeokr o lfU/kokr), ekbZxszu] lokZbdy LiksaVksykbfVl] “okl] vLFkek] dSalj vkfn jksx blh dksfV esa j[ks tkrs gSaA Luk;qxr jksx] ân; jksx o viLekj vkfn efLr’dtU; jksx Hkh blh izdkj ds gSaA bu vlk/; le>s tkus okys jksxksa dh vk/kqfud fpfdRlk i)fr esa lQy fpfdRlk u gksus ij Hkh izkphu _f’kvkas us bu jksxksa dh lQy fpfdRlk dk fo/kku fd;k FkkA mu _f’k;ksa dh ijEijk esa “kkL=ksa ds xgu v/;;u izHkq dh vikj Ñik ls vk;qosZn ds m)kj] fodkl o “kks/k dk;ksZa es lEiq.kZ #i ls lefiZr gfj}kj ds du[ky {ks= esa xaxk ugj dh “kk[kk ij d`ikyq ckx vkJe ds fnO; ;ksx eafnj VªLV }kjk lapkfyr czgkdYi fpfdRlky; gS A fpfdRlky; ds lkFk gh vkS’k/k fuekZ.k”kkyk (fnO; QkesZlh) gSA tgkW “kq):i ls vkS’kf/k;ksa dk fuekZ.k gksrk gS ,oa ,d foLr`r ouLifr okfVdk gS] ftlesa fpfdRlk mi;ksxh tM+h&cqfV;ksa dks mxk;k tkrk gSA vusd nqyZHk ouLifr;ksa dk v.os’k.k dj ;RuiwoZd cks;k x;k gSA fudV Hkfo’; esa fpfdRlky;] vkS’kf/k okfVdk ,oa fuek.kZ”kkyk dks HkO; o fo”kky Lo:i iznku fd;k tk jgk gSA vkJe }kjk lapkfyr eq[; lsok izdYiksa es ;kSfxd lsok izdYi dk dk;ZHkkj tgk¡ riksfu’B ;ksfxjkt ije iwT; Lokeh Jh jkenso th egkjkt ds lcy dU/kksa ij gS] ogha vk;qoSZfnd fpfdRlk ,oa vuqla/kku dk egr~ dk;Z vkpk;Z Jh ckyÑ’.k th egkjkt ds ikou lfUu/; esa fu’iUu gks jgk gSA ;gk¡ vk;qoSZfnd vkS’kf/k ds lkFk ;ksx dh oSKkfud fØ;kvksa vklu izk.kk;ke rFkk ,D;wizs”kj dk Hkh jksxh dh vko”;drk ds vuqlkj iz;ksxkRed izf”k{k.k fn;k tkrk gSA vgfuZ”k lsok }kjk dksfV&dksfV tuksa ds ru&eu ds jksxksa o ihM+kvksa dk gj.k djrs gq,] mudks LoLFk o vkufUnr fujke; thou thus dh dyk dk cks/k djkus okys ije J)s; oUnuh; vkpk;Z Jh ckyÑI.k th egkjkt fo”o f{kfrt ij vk;qoSZfnd fpfdRlk txr~ ds nsnhI;eku u{k= gSaA mUgksaus ri%] lk/kuk o fujUrj vuqla/kku djds fgeky; dh ifo= tM+h cwfV;ksa }kjk fo”o esa igyh ckj mPp jDrpki tSls tfVy jksxksa ds LFkk;h mipkj dh [kkst dhA “kksd larIr ekuo dh ihM+k dk “keu fpfdRlk ds ek/;e ls djds izkphu _f’k;ksa ds bl opu dks lkFkZd dj jgs gSa& “dke;s nq%[krRrkuka izkf.kukefrZuk’kue~~ A” -67- J)s; vkpk;Z th ls o’kZ Hkj esa tfVy jksxksa ls ihfM+r yk[kksa O;fDr vkJe esa vkdj vkjksX; ykHk izkIr djrs gSa tcfd blls vf/kd O;fDr vkJe esa fufeZr vkS’kf/k;k¡ i=kpkjkfn ds ek/;e ls eaxokdj jksxkas ls eqDr gks LokLF; ykHk djrs gSaA iqT; vkpk;Z th tgk¡ vk;qosZn fpfdRlk dk;Z esa viuk lEiq.kZ le; lefiZr djds yk[kksa yksxksa dks lk/;&vlk/; jksxksa ls eqDr djus es yxs gq, gaS] ogha jksfx;ksa ds izfr muds d#.kk ls ifjiw.kZ ân; o fouez O;ogkj ,oa vR;f/kd Lusg Hkjs rFkk lgkuqHkwfriq.kZ LoHkko us vla[; yksxksa dks ldkjkRed fparu o fnO; laosnukvksa ls tksM+dj vk/;kfRed iFk ij vkxs c<+us dk ekxZ Hkh iz”kLr fd;k gSA vkpk;Z th us vius lkFk yxHkx ntZuksa lq;ksX; fpfdRldksa dh ,d l”kDr Vhe xfBr dj fpfdRlk lsok dk ,d c`gÙkj dk;Z izkjEHk fd;k gSA ftlls lEi.kZ Hkkjr o’kZ esa gh ugha vfirq lEiw.kZ fo”o ds vusdksa ns”kksa ds izcq) izfrf’Br O;fDr;ksa] fpfdRldksa ls ysdj tu lkekU; rd ykHk mBk jgk gSA Hkkjr o’kZ ds lqizfl) fpfdRlk izfr’Bkuksa ds ofj’B fpfdRld rd ;gk¡ fpfdRlk ds fy;s Lo;a mifLFkr gksrs gSaA lkFk gh ftl vlk/; jksx dh vk/kqfud txr~ esa dksbZ dkjxj fpfdRlk ugha] ,sls jksfx;ksa dks fnO; ;ksx efUnj ds fy, jSQj djrs gSaA fpfdRlk ds fy;s osn esa dgk x;k& Þv;a es gLrks Hkxoku] v;a esa gLrks HkxoÙkj%ß mu ij iwjh rjg pfjrkFkZ gksrk gSA vusd vlk/; jksxh ;g¡W dh fpfdRlk lqfo/kk ls ykHkkfUor gksdj muds izfr ÑrKrk o vknj izdkf”kr djrs gSaA ekuo ek= ds dU;k.k esa lokZReuk lefiZr ,sls egku~ lar dks gekjk “kr~ “kr~ oUnu gSA MkWå ch- Mh- ’kekZ (iwoZ izeq[k jk’Vªh; ikni vuqokaf”kdh lalk/ku C;qjks Qkxyh] f”keyk) Jh thojkt HkkbZ iVsy (lwjr) Jh misUnz HkkbZ BDdj (vgenkckn) o vkpk;Z th ds midkjksa ls miÑr leLr HkDrx.kA -68- With Best Compliments From PARAGON CONSTRUCTIONS (INDIA) PRIAVATE LIMITED 120-Palika Bhawan, Sector-13, Rama Krishna Puram, New Dellhi-110066 Tel.: 24670973, 24109719 Fax.: 91-11-26881372 E-mail.: [email protected] -69- With Best Compliments From PLANET HOLIDAYS Smile Your Ways With Leisurely Holidays B-Sai Vihar, Gr. Floor, 22, Mint Back Road, Fort, Mumbai-400001 Mob. : 9820673233 E-mail : [email protected] -70- With Best Compliments From SEHDEV TRAVELS & EDUCATIONAL SERVICES (REGD.) (Approved from Ministry of Labour) S.C.O 1/6-C, New Market, Behind Narinder Cinema, JAL.-144001 (Punjab) India Phones : 0181-5080435, 5080436, 5031170, 5031171, 5031172, 5031173 Fax.: +91-181-5080437 E-mail.: [email protected] Website-www.sehdevtravel.com OVERSEAS EXHIBITION PROMETERS INTERNATIONAL & DOMESTIC TICKETING HOTEL RESERVATION WORLDWIDE OVERSEAS EDUCATION PROMOTERS HOLIDAY TOURS FOR INDIA & ABROAD VISA & IMMIGRATION CONSULTANT OVERSEAS HEALTH INSURANCE AGENT (TATA, ICICI,CHOLA MANDLAM) -71- With Best Compliments From VIDYASAGAR & CO. Office No.: 6, DDA Market 4, C. R. Park, New Delhi – 110019 RA-15, Inderpuri, New Delhi-110012 Phone : 011-25835152 -72- With Best Compliments From CONTINENTAL CATERERS AND CONFECTIONERS & ALFINA RESTAURANT Shop No.: 124, Meher Chand Market, Lodhi Colony, New Delhi-110003 Tel. : 011-24603651-52 -73- With Best Compliments From BEI Confluence Communication Limited Address: D-15,Ist Floor. Pamposh Enclave, Greater Kailash-I, New Delhi-110048 -74- With Best Compliments From SAWHNEY GLOBAL CREATION B-146, Okhla Phase-I, New Delhi-110020 Tel.: 011-41401139 -75- With Best Compliments From APARNA CHATTERJEE G-1259, C.R. Park, New Delhi-110019 -76- With Best Compliments From ALLIED + AGENCIES -77- With Best Compliments From Trinetra Tours Pvt. Ltd. Suite-607, Ansal Majestic Tower, Vikas Puri, New Delhi-110018 India Tel .: +91-11-41586631, 41586632, 28544509 Fax : +91-11-41586639 E-mail : [email protected], [email protected] www.trinetratoursindia.com | www.luxurytoursindia.com -78- With Best Compliments From Top Travels & Tours (p) ltd. L-3, Samrat Bhawan, Ranjeet Nagar Commercial Complex, New Delhi-110008 (INDIA) Tel.: 25708822, 25707228, 25708228, 9717929990 Fax.: 91-11-25701125, 25704228 E-mail.: [email protected] Website: www.topindiatour.com / www.top-travels.com -79- With Best Compliments From KTC (INDIA) PVT. LTD. 60 years of dedicated service providing Luxury Cars and Coaches LEGACY OF LUXURY ON WHEELS KTC (India) Pvt. Ltd. Founded in 1943 (formerly known as “Karachi Taxi Company”) pioneered the art of luxury car and coach travel in India. Even before India's independence, KTC (India) owned and operated the largest fleet of imported luxury cars and coaches in the country. KTC (India) has been the proud recipient of prestigious National Tourism Award for several years in succession from the Ministry of Tourism, Government of India. Complete Transport Solutions Individual Corporates VIP Delegations Heads of State Tour Operators Events Hotels Airlines Weddings Long term Lease Executive Cars Toyota Innova Audi A4 Toyota Camry Mercedes E Class BMW Series Luxury Cars Mercedes S Class Audi A8 BMW 7 Series Audi Q7 Jaguar XJL Bentley Aston Martin Db9 Audi R8 Maserati Super Cars Lamborghini Rolls Royce Ferrari Head Office : RZ – A-96, Road No. 6, Street No. 9, Mahipalpur Extension, New Delhi-110037 Tel. : 91-11-47125200 Fax : 91-11-47125205 Branch Office : 34, Janpath, New Delhi-110001 Tel . : 91-11-23323830 Fax : 91-11-4258888 Email : [email protected], [email protected] -80- www. ktcindia.com With Best Compliments From FLYZONE VENTURES Tour co-ordinators We operate : Lakshdweep Tour Packages (Authorised Agent) Honeymoon Package Students’ Group Package South Indian Package 41/2770, Door No.205, Sulthan Chambers, Paramara Road, Opp. Ernakulam Town Railway Station Cochin-682 018, Ph: 0091 484 2397668, 4073925 Mob.: 0091 9446590303 E-mail.: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] www.flyzoneventures.com -81- With Best Compliments From Himalayan Run & Trek Pvt. Ltd. T-5, Manish Chambers, Plot No. 6, LSC Block – B, Mayur Vihar, Phase-2, Delhi-110091 Tel. : 011-22772700 Fax : 011-22772800 E-mail : [email protected] [email protected] Website : www.himalayanruntrek.com (C.S. Pandey Mg. Director) -82- With Best Compliments From INDIAN ASSOCIATION OF TOUR OPERATORS 310, Padma Tower – II, 22, Rajendra Place, New Delhi – 110008 With Best Compliments From A WELL WISHER -83- JAI BABA LOKENATH -84- With Best Compliments From VIN TOURS D-5, Shopping Arcade, Hotel Surya, New Friends Colony, New Delhi-110065 Tel. : 011-26325877 Fax : 011-26325879 E-mail : [email protected] Web : vintours.com Proprietor : KABI GHOSH Jai Baba Lokebath With Best Compliments From SERVICES INTERNATIONAL LTD. 25/8, Old Rajinder Nagar, New Delhi-110066 Tel. : 011-41050560, 25862636 Fax : 011-41050540 E-mail : [email protected] Website : www.indiatravel.com With Best Compliments From INCENTIVE & CONVENTION MR. SHAM NAGPAL
