Ship with tug escort 2010 (birds eye view)

Update to Sec. 52 Application for the Enbridge Northern Gateway Project
Volume 4 – 2010 Update
Appendix G: CAB Meetings
G.4.6
CAB Round 6 Presentation: Safety of Marine Navigation
March 2011
Seaspan International Ltd.
Safety of Marine Navigation
(Escort Tugs)
September 22, 2010, Kitimat
Captain John Armstrong
Presentation Overview
• Introduction to Seaspan
• Part of a Marine Community (Interface with
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Pilots and Industry)
Tugs, Marine Safety and Regulations (Industry
Governance)
Qualification and Training Standards (Todays
Mariners)
Escort & Docking tug features (Todays Tugs)
Introduction to Seaspan
(overview)
• Providing the best marine solutions for 112 years, safely,
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efficiently and with care
48 Tugs, 4 Ro – Ro Ships, 150 Barges
3 Shipyards
Coastal Waters Mexico to the Arctic and Offshore
Marine Transportation Services
Ship Assist Services
Headquarters in North Vancouver
*Certified by Lloyds and TC – ISM, DSM, ISO, OSHAS.
Introduction to Seaspan
(activities in the Kitimat region)
• Log Barging
– Douglas Channel (Cleo Bay)
– North Coast, Queen Charlotte Islands
– South East Alaska
• Covered Barge Service (until Feb 2010)
– West Fraser weekly service to Vancouver
• Business Development
– Port Development, Rio Tinto, KLNG, Enbridge
– Community Relationships
Introduction to Seaspan
(activities outside the region)
• Towing operations
– Log Barges, self loading/discharging.
– Chip Barges, pulp mill fiber supply.
– Covered barges, pulp mill outbound cargo.
– Oil Barges, coastal product supply and ship
bunkering.
– Rail Barges, coastal rail car delivery
– Bulk Barges, aggregates, salt, coal.
– General/Multi purpose barges (project cargo).
– Ship Towing (rescue)
Introduction to Seaspan
(activities outside the region)
• Ship Assist Services
– Docking and Undocking
• Vancouver Harbour 3700 per year
• Roberts Bank 1000 per year
• Victoria, Squamish, Sechelt and other out ports
100 per year
– Ship Escort Services
• Vancouver Harbour 500 per year (tankers and
others)
• Boundary Pass, Haro Strait 70 per year (tankers)
Part of a Marine Community
• WMC (Western Marine Community)
• COSBC (Chamber of Shipping)
• PACMAR (Pacific Coast Marine Review Panel)
• CMAC (Canadian Marine Advisory Council)
• CMC (Council of Marine Carriers)
*COLLABORATION, SHARING
A COMMON PURPOSE of Safety, Care and Efficiency
Interface with Pilots and Industry
• Participators in committees, councils and
boards addressing navigation safety.
– Develop safe procedures
– Develop training
• Open communication and dialogue.
– Well developed relationships
Tugs, Marine Safety, Regulations*
• Regulation by Law *
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IMO, International Maritime Organization
Canadian Shipping Act, Federal
Port Authorities
Provincial
• Regulation by Customer
– Oil companies – Vetting processes
• E.g. Random Drug and Alcohol testing
• E.g. Double Hull vessels prior to 2015 requirement
• Regulation by Choice
– Corporate Standards
• Safety and Environmental Stewardship are corporate core values
• Internal and External audits of Safety and Environmental Management
Systems, e.g. ISO, OHSAS, etc.
• Seaspan has been a member of the WWF (World Wildlife Fund) since 2007
*(Equipment, Personnel and Activities are Regulated)
Qualification and Training
Standards (IMO, STCW, TC)
Todays Mariners
• Highly Trained
– Entry level (Deckhands) requires post secondary
education, training and Transport Canada
examination for Bridge Watchman Certification.
– Officers (Masters, Mates, Engineers) require years of
sea time, education, training and Transport Canada
examination for Certification.
– Re occurring examination for medical fitness and
continued proficiency standards must be met.
Today’s Mariners
• Highly Skilled
– Acquired skills and local knowledge gained from years
of service
– In house skill specific training e.g. safety, supervisory,
leadership, ship handling, handling of dangerous
goods
– Simulator training, ship/tug assist and escort
procedure*
* (60 tug masters along with pilots
completed simulator training for tanker
escort at 2nd Narrows, Vancouver
Harbour)
Escort Tug Features (1988)
• Coastal and Offshore Towboats
– High Powered, 140 ft.
• Twin screw, 6000 – 9000 HP
• 80 – 100 tonnes BP (bollard pull)
• Double drum tow winch aft (redundancy)
• Fuel capacity for long tows
– Ship assist/escort features (upgrades)
• Fendering (more rubber)
• Polyester tow off line B.S. 100 tonnes
• Steel towlines B.S. 210 tonnes
“SEASPAN REGENT”
“SEASPAN COMMODORE”
Ship with tug escort 1988 (birds eye view)
Tug
Ship
Rudder
Tug
Ship with tug escort 1988 (birds eye view)
Rudder failure
hard to port
Ship with tug escort 1988 (birds eye view)
Tugs begin to maneuver to positions alongside ship
Ship with tug escort 1988 (birds eye view)
Tugs continue to maneuver to positions alongside ship
Ship with tug escort 1988 (birds eye view)
Tugs in positions alongside ship and begin pushing
HAZA
Ship with tug escort 1988 (birds eye view)
Preferred angle for tugs to maximize effort
HAZA
Ship with tug escort 1988 (birds eye view)
Preferred angle for tugs not attainable due to
the force of the ocean on the tugs side.
HAZA
Ship with tug escort 1988 (birds eye view)
HAZARD
Actual angle for tugs provide little effort to
overcome ships hard over rudder.
Ship with no escort 1989 (Exxon Valdez)
HAZARD
Ship with tug escort 1989 (Exxon Valdez if it had an escort)
Tugs would have notified ship that it had strayed from
the safe channel, the ship would simply alter course to
avoid the hazard.
Exxon Valdez carried no Pilot,
had no rudder failure, all ship
systems were functioning.
HAZARD
OPA 1990 (US CFR)
(US Oil Pollution Act)
• Post Exxon Valdez (1989)
• Single hulled tankers in certain US waters
• Two tugs capable of:
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Stopping the ship
Steering the ship with a hard over rudder
Perform these tasks at 6 knots
Towing the ship at 4 knots in gale force winds
One tug may be capable of all the tasks
however two are still required
OPA 1990 (US CFR)
• One tug may be capable of all the tasks
however two are still required
– The resulted in the development of super tugs
• Hull design
– Stability, direct, indirect and powered indirect towline forces
• Omni directional thrusters (ASD, or Voith)
• Winch technology (render recover)
• Towline technology (light weight, super strong)
• Single hulled tankers to phase out over several
decades (up to 25 years)
Escort Tugs (2010)
• Ship Assist/Escort
– Tugs have vastly changed in the last 30 years
• Coastal tugs assisting ships were replaced by
modern tugs with 360 degree directional drive
systems
• Advanced escort capabilities designed into the
latest generation of tractor tugs provide impressive
steering and stopping forces for the largest of
ships*
*(escort activities for tankers are regulated)
Escort/Assist Tug Features 2010
• Performance Features
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Length 70 – 140 ft
HP 2400 – 10,000+
BP direct 30 – 120+ tonnes
BP indirect and powered indirect 80 – 200+ tonnes
Highly maneuverable
Very stable and safe
Render recover winch
Light weight towlines with breaking strains over 900 tonnes.
Hi tech fendering
• Additional Features
– Fire monitors (Fi-Fi 1 rating), water and foam
– Spill containment and skimming equipment
– Recovered oil storage
TODAYS TUGS
“SEASPAN DISCOVERY
AND SEASPAN HAWK”
“SEASPAN FALCON”
TODAYS TUGS
“SEASPAN RESOLUTION”
TODAYS TUGS
Seaspan Resolution 2009
Length 100 ft. Width 43 ft.
Depth 19 ft.
ASD, HP 6000
BP direct 82 tonnes
BP Indirect 140 + tonnes
Render Recover Winch
Towline B.S. 428 tonnes
Winch
SEASPAN RESOLUTION
ASD Drives
Skeg
Ship with tug escort 2010 (birds eye view)
Tug
Rudder
Ship
Skeg
Towline
(tethered to ship)
Ship with tug escort 2010 (birds eye view)
Rudder failure
hard to port
Ship with tug escort 2010 (birds eye view)
Tug receives pilots
orders to pull the
stern to the port.
Ship with tug escort 2010 (birds eye view)
Tug begins maneuvering
into position keeping
tension on the towline
providing immediate
steering forces to the ship.
Ship with tug escort 2010 (birds eye view)
As the tug continues to
its position tension on the
towline increases.
TODAYS TUGS
As the tug becomes
perpendicular to the
direction of the ship
the skeg will dig in
providing indirect
towing forces .
Seaspan Resolution 2009
Length 100 ft. Width 43 ft.
Depth 19 ft.
ASD HP 6000
BP direct 82 tonnes
BP Indirect 140 + tonnes
Render Recover Winch
Towline B.S. 428 tonnes
Winch
SEASPAN RESOLUTION
ASD Drives
Skeg
Ship with tug escort 2010 (birds eye view)
Indirect Towing
forces!! 80 tonnes +
HAZ
Ship with tug escort 2010 (birds eye view)
Powered Indirect
Towing forces!!!
140 tonnes +
HAZARD
Ship with tug escort 2010 (birds eye view)
HAZARD
Ship with tug escort 2010 (birds eye view)
HAZARD
STOP
Ship with tug escort 2010 (birds eye view)
Second Narrows
.075 NM (450 Ft.)
First Narrows
.16 NM (1000 Ft.)
Haro Strait
1.4 NM (8500 ft.)
Lewis Passage
1.25 NM (7500 ft.)
Otter Channel
1.00 NM (6000 ft.)
Principe Channel
.7 NM (4200 ft.)
Tug Performance and Effectiveness
(proven)
• Live sea trials and exercises.
• Simulation, multiple runs
• Backed up with science
• Continued research and development for
the next generation of tugs
Thank You
Seaspan International Ltd.
Safety of Marine Navigation
(Escort Tugs)
September 22, 2010, Kitimat
SEASPAN 2010