Tourisme Montréal
Transcription
Tourisme Montréal
February 2015 Tourisme Montréal | 800 boulevard René-Lévesque Ouest, bureau 2450 Montréal, Québec | H3B 1X9 Research Department “Montréal is…” is a document that Tourisme Montréal has been producing since 1998. Updated every two years, “Montréal is…” complements other Tourisme Montréal research documents and brings together a series of information on an array of known and lesser known aspects of the Montréal destination. The facts and figures in this document will help you get the most of Montréal, its resources and its sometimes unexpected attractions. Enjoy! Montréal is… 2015 – Updated February 2015 i TABLE OF CONTENTS Access ........................................................................................................................................................... 1 Active Transportation ..................................................................................................................................... 1 Air Transportation .......................................................................................................................................... 2 Architecture ................................................................................................................................................... 3 Arts and Culture ............................................................................................................................................. 4 Cinema .......................................................................................................................................................... 6 Climate........................................................................................................................................................... 6 Conventions ................................................................................................................................................... 7 Creativity and Innovation ............................................................................................................................... 7 Cultural Diversity ........................................................................................................................................... 8 Downtown ...................................................................................................................................................... 9 Economy ........................................................................................................................................................ 9 Education ..................................................................................................................................................... 10 Fashion ........................................................................................................................................................ 11 Fun and Pleasure in Montréal ..................................................................................................................... 12 Geography ................................................................................................................................................... 12 Healthcare and Services ............................................................................................................................. 12 Housing........................................................................................................................................................ 13 Industry ........................................................................................................................................................ 13 Language ..................................................................................................................................................... 15 Marine Transport ......................................................................................................................................... 15 Media ........................................................................................................................................................... 16 Montréal, International City.......................................................................................................................... 16 Neighbourhoods and Boroughs ................................................................................................................... 16 Nightlife ........................................................................................................................................................ 18 Population .................................................................................................................................................... 19 Public Safety ................................................................................................................................................ 19 Quality of Life ............................................................................................................................................... 19 Religious Patrimony..................................................................................................................................... 20 Restaurants ................................................................................................................................................. 22 Sports and Leisure ...................................................................................................................................... 22 Sustainable Development............................................................................................................................ 24 Tourism ........................................................................................................................................................ 27 Trivia ............................................................................................................................................................ 27 Underground Pedestrian Network ............................................................................................................... 29 Urban Transportation ................................................................................................................................... 29 Video Games ............................................................................................................................................... 30 Visual and Special Effects ........................................................................................................................... 31 Sources........................................................................................................................................................ 32 Montréal is… 2015 – Updated February 2015 ii ACCESS 1 Montréal is 63 kilometres (39 miles) from the U.S. border. The closest border crossings of the states of New York and Vermont are a one-hour drive from downtown Montréal. o Covey Hill/Cannon’s Corner, NY (open from 8 a.m. to 12 a.m. from May 1 to October 31 and 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. from November 1 to April 30). o Hemmingford/Mooers, NY o St-Bernard-de Lacolle/Champlain, NY o Lacolle Rte 221/Overton Corners, NY o Lacolle Rte 223/Rouses Point, NY 2 o Noyan/Alburg Springs, VT. The cities of Toronto, New York, Boston, Philadelphia and Washington are less than two hours 3 away by plane. By car, Montréal is two hours from Ottawa, two and a half hours from Québec City and five hours 4 from Toronto. Montréal has 53 bridges and 7 tunnels. Of these, 18 allow travellers to access and leave the 5 island of Montréal. In 2013, the construction of a detour bridge between Montréal and Nun’s Island was initiated. The detour bridge will make it possible to isolate the Champlain Bridge in view of its replacement, as 6 part of the project to construct a new bridge over the St. Lawrence River. ACTIVE TRANSPORTATION The City of Montréal plans to develop a ten-kilometer pathway, which would allow pedestrians and cyclists to circle Mount Royal without interruption. The project should be completed by 2017. Some parts of the circuit are already functional and highly popular, such as the path along Côte7 des-Neiges Road. Walking nd o In 2013, Montréal was rated the 2 most walkable Canadian city in the 2014 Walkable th Cities ranking. Montréal came out 9 in the full ranking, which includes several Canadian, 8 American and Australian cities. o Montréal has one permanently pedestrian street: Prince Arthur Street. Several other streets shut down to traffic to become pedestrian during specific times of the year, 9 including sections of Ste. Catherine Street East and West, and St. Paul Street East. 10 o Montréal has 6,550 km of sidewalks. Cycling th o In 2013, Copenhagenize ranked Montréal as North America’s (and the world’s 11 ) most 11 bicycle-friendly city based on the company's 2013 Bicycle Friendly Cities index. 12 o According to Smarter Travel, in 2010 Montréal was one of the best cities for cycling. o In 2009, Montréal was on Time Magazine’s top 10 list of best urban cycling trips. The loop 13 along the Lachine Canal ranks third among the best urban cycling paths. o In 2007, the Route verte (Green Route) that crosses Montréal (and the province from east 14 to west) was declared the best cycling route by National Geographic. th o In 2014, the annual Féria du vélo changed its name just before the 30 Tour de l’Île (Tour of the Island). The Go Bike Montreal Festival took its place, offering several events such as the Tour de l’Île, Metropolitan Challenge, Tour la Nuit, and Operation Bike-to-Work. 15 About 30,000 cyclists invaded Montréal’s streets during the Tour de l’Île. 16 o The entire island of Montréal boasts in excess of 650 km of cycling paths. Montréal is… 2015 – Updated February 2015 1 BIXI o o o o o o Since May 2009, Montréal has had a self-serve bike rental service, called BIXI. This service allows users to borrow a bike from one station, ride where they choose and then drop it off at any other station in the network. Montréal currently has 411 stations and 17 5,120 bikes in operation. 18 BIXI is a hybrid word, a contraction of the words bicycle and taxi. Each BIXI station is equipped with anchorage points to lock the bikes and a transactional meter. To access a bike, a user simply inserts a subscription key (BIXI-key), an access code or a credit or debit card into the meter. BIXI stations run on solar energy and include information and advertising panels. Montréal has the largest bike sharing station in North America. The King/de la Commune 19 station has 110 docking points. BIXI has expanded to more than 10 cities around the world, including New York, London, 20 Melbourne, Boston and Toronto. th BIXI has received multiple awards. It was ranked 19 in Time Magazine’s list of top inventions for 2008. In addition, the system was awarded the Gold prize for the best product of 2009 in the “Sustainable Energy and Development” category of the prestigious Edison Best New Products Awards. The bicycle also received the 2010 Good Design 21 Awards in the Environment Category. AIR TRANSPORTATION Montréal is served by two airports: o The Montréal–Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport (Montréal-Trudeau), just 25 22 minutes from downtown Montréal, handles all regular flights. o The Montréal–Mirabel International Airport is 55 km northwest of Montréal and handles cargo carriers. As of November 2004, passenger flights no longer fly into Montréal– Mirabel International Airport. All flights have been transferred to Montréal-Trudeau. 23 Mirabel remains open to cargo traffic and aircraft construction activity. In 2013, Montréal ranked 4 among Canadian airports after Toronto, Vancouver and Calgary for 24 passenger volume. In 2014, 14 million passengers went through the Montréal-Trudeau Airport. In total, 177,165 tons 25 of cargo were transported through the two Montréal airports. In 2014, Aéroports de Montréal served 129 destinations, including 84 regular destinations and 45 seasonal destinations: o Regular destinations: 27 destinations in Canada (including 12 in Québec), 23 in the United States (in 21 cities) and 34 international destinations (in 34 cities). 26 o Seasonal destinations: 19 destinations in summer and 26 destinations in winter. Aéroports de Montréal has 28 regular passenger carriers (10 national, 14 international and 4 27 transborder), as well as 23 cargo-only carriers. Montréal-Trudeau has undergone and continues to undergo major expansion and modernization designed in order to increase the terminal’s capacity and substantially enhance the level of passenger service. A vast program, which was launched in 2000 and finished in 2009, included, among others, the construction of several brand-new facilities, including a jetty for flights to the United States, another for overseas flights and a huge international arrivals complex, with a border crossing and a baggage terminal. The public arrivals complex was also expanded. The domestic sector was renovated in 2007. The construction of a new transborder departure lounge was completed in 2009. Between 2000 and 2011, improvements totalling some $1.9 billion were 28 made. Montréal-Trudeau Airport also wishes to implement express rail transfer service between its 29 airport passenger terminal and Montréal’s Central Station. th Montréal is… 2015 – Updated February 2015 2 In 2013, Aéroports de Montréal and the U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) worked together to implement a new computerized passport control system at the Montréal-Trudeau airport. This new initiative aims to offer a smoother experience to passengers traveling to the United States. In addition, the new SecurXpress service simplifies the process of domestic/international security checks: passengers who use it benefit from express passage 30 through security at a predetermined time. In 2011, Montréal-Trudeau won the Best Improvement in North America title awarded by the 31 Airport Council International. Montréal-Trudeau recently received the ASQ Assured certification, a guarantee of rigorous service quality management standards specifically designed for airports by Airports Council 32 International. According to Aéroports de Montréal, Montréal ranked 4 in North America for its number of direct 33 flights to Europe in the summer of 2014. th ARCHITECTURE Montréal architecture is a juxtaposition of old and new, in which the legacy of events such as the 1967 World Exhibition and the 1976 Olympics plays an important role. As the industrial and th financial centre of Canada in the 19 century, the city has its own impressive heritage. The most common building materials used for Montréal houses are grey stone and red brick, which were formed thousands of years ago when the entire region lay beneath the Champlain 34 Sea. At the time, red clay and grey limestone made up this ancient seabed. The outer staircases that grace many Montréal homes are one of the city’s distinctive features. th Towards the middle of the 19 century, people living in rural areas began to move to cities, which led to the construction of two and three-story houses. Alarmed by the demographic pressure that was reshaping the urban landscape, municipal officials brought in a new regulation requiring home owners to keep a small green space in front of their property, which led to the idea of 35 placing staircases outside. This way, owners didn’t have to heat a shared indoor space. The design of these staircases dates back to a time when homes in the city’s more well-to-do neighbourhoods were set back from the street. This started a trend, and soon duplexes and triplexes appeared with outer staircases of all different shapes and sizes — L- and S-shaped, straight, single and double. Exterior staircases were banned in 1940 as a result of pressure from members of the Establishment, who were upset by this appalling fad. The ban was lifted in 1994 when, in the interests of preserving architectural harmony, outer staircases were allowed to be 36 built on streets where the structures already existed. The highest building in Montréal is the 1000 De la Gauchetière. The skyscraper is 205 metres 37 high, has 51 floors and was built in 1992. Montréal is home to the Canadian Centre for Architecture, whose purpose is to promote public awareness of the role architecture plays in society, as well as to encourage scholarly architectural 38 research and to foster innovative design practices. In 2012, Travel + Leisure rated the McGill University campus as one of the most beautiful 39 campuses in the world. As of 2014, 74 Montréal buildings were LEED certified: of those, five are rated Platinum, 36 are 40 rated Gold, and 33 are rated Silver. 144 other buildings are in the process of being certified. Montréal's top green buildings: o TOHU, cité des arts du cirque, is a fine example of green architecture. The pavilion was built on the second largest urban landfill site in North America. The Saint-Michel Environmental Complex is located on a former landfill site. The crater was progressively filled in and covered so as to become the second-largest public park in Montréal. The park covers 69 hectares of land and will have 41 expanded to 192 hectares by 2020. A sorting centre as well as the TOHU are 42 located on the site. Montréal is… 2015 – Updated February 2015 3 o o o o The TOHU pavilion is located right next to Gazmont, a business that converts biogases emitted from the landfill site into electricity. The electricity is conveyed to the TOHU pavilion through a network of ducts installed in the floor of the building. The indoor temperature of the pavilion during the summer season is controlled by passive geothermics and an ice bunker. Natural/hybrid ventilation consumes 70% less energy than traditional ventilation systems. This system uses the funnel effect of the theatre to circulate air. A natural basin bordering the administrative sector of the building collects and retains rainwater, thereby allowing it to flow gradually into the City of Montréal rain sewers. 43 The inside was decorated with recycled materials. The Lassonde Pavilions of the École Polytechnique de Montréal make up the first structure in Québec that can be qualified as a green building. The pavilions were built according to the LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) program of the U.S. Green Building Council. The entire structure was built with the environment in mind, from the concrete for the foundation to the paint for the walls. A drainage system that filters both rainwater and water from the City of Montréal and reuses it in the toilets was 44 installed, making it possible to save 92% of drinking water. Montréal boasts the first residential building in North America to receive LEED Platinum certification, the highest award in sustainable green building practices. Located on Parc Avenue, the building in question is a duplex that was renovated/built in 2006. At the time 45 the renovations were completed, it was considered North America’s greenest home. The John Molson School of Management of Concordia University built one of the most environmentally-friendly university buildings in the country. The building includes solar 46 panels on the south-west wall, a green roof and low-flow plumbing. The Rio Tinto Planetarium, a new addition to the Space for Life Complex near the Biodome, officially opened its doors in April 2013 and is working toward LEED Platinum Certification. Its green roof and predominantly wood construction make a bold and 47 environmentally friendly statement. ARTS AND CULTURE Montréal is: 48 o Close to 150 theatre companies, including the National Theatre School of Canada; o More than 100 professional dance companies, including Les Grands Ballets Canadiens 49 de Montréal; 50 o 32 artist centres; 51, 52 o 71 museums that attract close to 6.2 million visitors annually; o 183 performance venues that present close to 8,000 performances per year, representing 53, 54 over 3 million tickets; 55 o Over 100 festivals, many of which are of international calibre; o 45 public libraries with over 4 million documents where over 11 million loans per year are 56 made, or an average of 31.2 loans per year per library member and 6.8 per resident; 57 o The largest natural sciences museum complex in Canada (Space for Life); 58 o Internationally recognized art schools; o Finally, original initiatives that have made Montréal a respected leader in circus, theatre, children’s literature, contemporary dance and new media. Montréal’s cultural pulse is the Quartier des spectacles, at the heart of downtown. Stretching out from the corner of Sainte-Catherine Street and Saint-Laurent Boulevard, it covers a surface area 2 of approximately 1 km , encompassing the streets of City Councillors and St. Hubert, Sherbrooke and René-Lévesque Boulevard. It boasts more than 30 performance halls with a seating capacity Montréal is… 2015 – Updated February 2015 4 of close to 28,000, many major world-class festivals, art galleries and venues for alternative art. The Quartier des spectacles employs 8,500 people in the cultural sector, from training to 59 distribution and making to producing cultural events. 318 public art works from the municipal collection are scattered across the island of Montréal; of these, 252 are displayed outside, and 84 are integrated into architecture. The public art collection 60 includes sculptures, monuments, busts and contemporary art pieces. It is complemented by a large number of private works of art. Like New York, London and Paris, Montréal boasts a last-minute ticket office which is a veritable cultural showcase. From its location called Le 2-22, at the corner of St. Laurent Boulevard and Sainte-Catherine Street, in the heart of the Quartier des spectacles, La Vitrine offers a one-stop 61 destination for discovering the city's cultural attractions. Montréal’s music offering is extensive and varied. The Orchestre symphonique de Montréal (OSM), directed by Kent Nagano, has garnered international recognition during its numerous prestigious tours and recordings. The Opéra de Montréal is renowned for its interpretation of the most celebrated works in lyrical opera. Additionally, Montréal is home to many other great 62 orchestras and significant international music festivals. Since September 2011, the Orchestre symphonique de Montréal boasts a new concert hall, the Maison symphonique. Appropriately situated in the Quartier des spectacles, the venue can host 63 an audience of 1,900 visitors, a choir of 200 singers, and an orchestra of 120 musicians. In addition, since 2014, the Grand Orgue Pierre-Béique has been an integral part of the OSM. The 64 6500-pipe organ owes its name to the OSM’s founder. In May 2005, the City of Montréal inaugurated its Grande Bibliothèque nationale, symbol of a leading cultural institution. The Grande Bibliothèque nationale welcomes close to 2.5 million 65 visitors each year, and it has welcomed over 25 million visitors since it opened. Approximately 10,000 people visit the Grande Bibliothèque each day, making it the busiest library in North America and of La Francophonie (the French-speaking countries and communities of the 66 world). In 2013, there was an average of 21.6 shows every evening on the island of Montréal. In Montréal’s tourist districts, there is an average of 2.74 movie screens per km . A Hill Strategies report found that, of all Canadian cities, in 2009 Montréal allocated the most municipal funds to culture. The average investment total for the five cities (Vancouver, Ottawa, Calgary, Montréal and Toronto) was $35 per person, while in Montréal that figure was $55 per 69 person. In May 2006, The Global Alliance for Cultural Diversity designated Montréal a “UNESCO City of Design” within the Creative Cities Network. Montréal thus became the first North American city to become part of UNESCO’s City of Design network after Buenos Aires and Berlin (2005), joining other cities recognized by UNESCO for excellence in literature, music, gastronomy, cinema, folk art and digital art. In giving out this award, UNESCO acknowledges the effort and the momentum of both private and public sectors, the citizens of Montréal and the city’s potential for economic 70 and social development in the field of design. In 2012, the Bell Centre was the busiest venue in North America in terms of shows, and the 11 71 busiest in the world. Excluding ticket sales for sporting events, the Bell Centre welcomed 72 1,026,738 spectators in 2014. At the Canadian Music Week Gala in 2011, the Canadian Music and Broadcast Industry honoured 73 the Montréal International Jazz Festival by naming it Festival of the Year. In 2011, Trip Advisor ranked Montréal 18 74 destinations. 67 2 68 th Montréal is… 2015 – Updated February 2015 th on its top-20 list of best history and culture 5 According to a report produced by the firm Hill Strategies that examined Canada’s most creative and artistic neighbourhoods (using postal codes as a basis), it appears that of the 10 75 neighbourhoods with the highest concentration of artists, 5 are in Montréal : o The H2T zone is a creative force, with an artistic concentration of 7.8%. It extends from Mont-Royal Avenue to Van Horne Avenue (and the railroad tracks) between St-Denis and Jeanne-Mance streets. It is the “most creative neighbourhood in Canada”, with a concentration close to 10 times higher than the Canadian average of 0.8%. o The Plateau Mont-Royal (H2W) has 565 artists out of a total working population of 7,510, or 7.5% of all employed people on the Plateau. The area is located between des Pins and Mont-Royal avenues, St-Denis Street and Parc Avenue and neighbours the H2T zone. It nd is ranked 2 in Canada rd o The Old Montréal/Old Port area has a 6.0% concentration of artists, and shares 3 place in Canada with a Toronto neighbourhood. o The H2J zone, is next to the Plateau (from Rachel Street to Carrières Street between th Papineau and St-Denis Streets), is 6 , ex aequo with another Toronto neighbourhood with an artistic concentration of 5.3%. o The H2V zone (Outremont) has an artistic concentration of 5.2% in its population, th matching ex aequo another Toronto neighbourhood and ranking 8 in Canada. The 2017 project proposes to bring an ensemble of international conventions in architecture, design and urban development to Montréal in a series of interrelated conventions. The year 2017 th th th will mark the 50 anniversary of Expo 67, Canada’s 150 and Montréal’s 375 birthdays 76 respectively. CINEMA Québec produces between 30 and 35 feature-length films per year, 85% of which are filmed in 77 Greater Montréal. Luc Besson, Jean-Pierre Jeunet, Win Wenders, Roland Emmerich, and Steven Spielberg are just a few of the many filmmakers who have planted their director’s chair in Montréal to take advantage of its natural landscapes, filming infrastructures, postproduction studios, cutting-edge 78 visual effect techniques, and financial incentives. Feature-length films shot in Montréal include X-Men: Days of Future Past (2013); Life of Pi (2012); Mirror Mirror (2012); Incendies (2010); Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian (2009); The Curious Case of Benjamin Button (2008); The Spiderwick Chronicles (2008); Lucky Number Slevin (2006); The Aviator (2004); The Day After Tomorrow (2004); The Terminal (2004); Catch Me If You Can (2002) and Les Invasions barbares (filmed in 2002- film by Québec director Denys Arcand, recognized as the best screenplay at the Cannes International Film Festival 2003, winner of the Oscar for best foreign film at the 2003 Academy Awards and recipient of three Caesars in 79 2004). On average, Montréal secures between 30 to 50 special effects contracts for big-budget movies 80 per year, each worth approximately 5 to 6 million dollars (refer to the Visual and Special Effects section for more details). Xavier Dolan, a young Montréal filmmaker, already has four full-length feature films to his credit, all of which were selected at the Cannes and Venice film festivals. His latest movie, Mommy, 81 made it into Cannes’ official competition in 2014 and won the Jury Prize. Montréal has four giant IMAX screens: at the Montréal Science Centre in the Old Port; at the Cinéma Banque Scotia on Sainte-Catherine Street; at the Forum, also on Sainte-Catherine Street 82 and at Marché Central in the north of the island. 83 CLIMATE The average annual rainfall in Montréal is 784.9 mm. Montréal receives an average of 210 cm of snow a year. Montréal is… 2015 – Updated February 2015 6 Montréal’s heaviest snowstorm occurred on March 4, 1971 when 43.2 cm of snow fell on the city. A total of 383.3 cm of snow, the heaviest snowfall ever recorded, blanketed Montréal during the winter of 1970-1971. With a mere 93.1 cm of snow, the winter of 1979-1980 set the record for the least amount of snow to fall in an entire season. January 15, 1957 was the coldest day ever recorded in Montréal when the temperature dipped to –37.8ºC. With the mercury soaring to 37.6ºC, August 1, 1975 was the hottest day ever recorded in Montréal. Between January 5 and 9, 1998, Montréal experienced the worst ice storm in its history when 100 mm of freezing rain fell on the city. Nearly 3.5 million people, or half the province of Québec, were left without electricity in some cases for up to 33 days, and over $1.1 billion dollars in insurance claims were filed. Average monthly temperatures are as follows: January February March April May June July August September October November December o -10.2 C o -8.4 C o -2.3 C o 5.7 C o 13.4 C o 18.2 C o 20.9 C o 19.6 C o 14.6 C o 8.1 C o 1.6 C o -6.3 C o 13.6 F o 16.9 F o 27.9 F o 42.3 F o 56.1 F o 64.8 F o 79.6 F o 67.3 F o 58.3 F o 46.6 F o 34.9 F o 20.7 F th In 2014, French travel site Skycanner.fr ranked Montréal 4 in its list of cities across the world to 84 visit in the fall, owing to its red maple leaves and Indian summer. CONVENTIONS In 2014, for the second consecutive year, Country and City rankings 2013 listed Montréal as the th third best city in North America and the 30 best city worldwide for hosting international association events. Over 350 cities competed for these rankings, created by the International 85 Congress and Convention Association (ICCA). For the third consecutive year, Montréal is the top-ranking city for hosting international conferences in America, according to the Union of International Association’s (UIA) International 86 Meeting Statistics for the Year 2013. Montréal’s Palais des congrès was among the finalists for the prestigious World’s Best Congress 87 Centre award in 2014. CREATIVITY AND INNOVATION th According to the study led by Innovation Cities, in 2014, Montréal was the 10 most innovative st 88 American city and the 36 most innovative city in the world. In May 2006, the Global Alliance for Cultural Diversity designated Montréal a UNESCO City of Design as part of its Creative Cities Network, making Montréal the first North American city to join 89 the UNESCO City of Design network. Montréal stands out among other creative cities because of the innovation resulting from the 90 synergy between sectors. Montréal is… 2015 – Updated February 2015 7 In May 2013, the Quartier de l’innovation (Innovation district) was officially launched by the École de technologie supérieure and McGill University. The QI is a genuine living laboratory fostering collaboration between researchers, companies, citizens as well as social and cultural 91 organizations to enhance Montréal’s potential for creativity and innovation. In May 2014, for the third consecutive year, Montréal hosted C2-MTL. The event’s aim is to engage local and international business leaders by providing an immersive environment that 92 fosters collaboration and the emergence of new business solutions. In 2012, Montréal creativity and talent were in the spotlight once more at Barcelona's Mercè Festival, notably due to a large-scale multimedia show produced by Moment Factory, titled “Montréal signe l’Ode à la vie.” The Montréal-based studio lit up the facade of the Sagrada Familia church with video projections, and the show won a Grand Prize at the 2013 Grafika Awards. A delegation of Montréal organizations was on the spot, including Piknic Électronik, folk music group 93 Le Vent du Nord, and Cirque Éloize. In 2012, the Société des arts technologiques (SAT) and Sainte-Justine Hospital officially inaugurated Living lab SAT/CHU Sainte-Justine, which includes a hospital room for children located at the SAT and dedicated to researching and developing new therapeutic approaches. The goal of this transdisciplinary project is to develop new uses for technological arts in the health 94 sector. Since its launch in 2001, Montréal's Moment Factory has created over 300 shows around the world for clients such as Cirque du Soleil, Disney, Nine Inch Nails, Céline Dion, Microsoft, 95 Montréal's Quartier des Spectacles and Madonna. BIXI, Montréal’s self-serve bicycle rental service, was ranked 19 in Time Magazine’s list of the best inventions of 2008. In addition, BIXI received the Gold award for the best product of 2009 in 96 the Energy and Sustainability category of the prestigious Edison Best New Products Awards. In 2007, Stationnement de Montréal's innovative Pay & Go system won the prestigious Award of 97 Merit from the International Parking Institute in the Innovation in a Parking Operation category. In March 2014, the Smart and Digital City office was created to make Montréal a world-wide 98 leader among smart and digital cities. Montréal was one of the semi-finalists in the Intelligent Community of the Year 2014 competition, which highlights the performance of urban centres using technology to optimize services for 99 citizens. th 100 101 CULTURAL DIVERSITY Just over one in 3 Montréalers is an immigrant. In fact, the 2011 National Household Survey revealed that there were approximately 610,000 immigrants on the island of Montréal, or 33% of the population, compared to 31% in the 2006 census. In 2011, the immigrant population of the Census Metropolitan Area (CMA) was 23%. The five main countries of birth of recent immigrants of Montréal’s CMA are Algeria, Morocco, Haiti, France, and China. The total population from these countries accounts for 37% of the CMA’s recent immigrants. Catholicism, Islam, Orthodox Christianity, Judaism, and Buddhism, in that order, are the most commonly practiced religions in the Montréal area. Christians represent 74% of the population of Montréal’s CMA. According to the 2011 census, visible minorities make up 30% of the Montréal Island's population. Blacks are the largest visible minority at 28%, with Arabs second at 20%. Montréal's very first Saint Patrick’s Day Parade was held in 1824. According to the 2011 census, an estimated 223,000 Montréalers in the city’s CMA are of Irish descent. Montréal is home to the largest Arab community in Canada. According to the 2011 National Household Survey, more than 150,000 people from the visible Arab minority live in the region, which represents 39.5% of Canada’s entire Arab population, 4.0% of Montréal’s population and 19.7% of Montréal’s entire population of visible minorities. 102 Montréal is… 2015 – Updated February 2015 8 Over 120 ethnic groups are represented in the Metropolitan Montréal area. According to the 2011 census, the principal countries of origin of immigrants to the Metropolitan Montréal Area are: o Italy (7.4%) o Haiti (7.4%) o Algeria (5.5%) o Morocco (5.3%) o France (5.0%) o China (4.6%) The boroughs and re-merged municipalities in Montréal where cultural communities most often live are: o Saint-Laurent: 52.4% of the population are immigrants; o Côte-des-Neiges, Notre-Dame-de-Grâce: 47.7%; o Saint-Léonard: 46.3%; o Côte-Saint-Luc: 45.9%; 104 o Villeray–Saint-Michel–Parc-Extension: 43.9%. 103 DOWNTOWN 105 Saint-Catherine Street measures a full 11 km in length. The City of Montréal is currently planning a major project to replace the underground infrastructures of Saint-Catherine Street West (between Atwater and De Bleury), which have been 106 in use for over a century. The first phase of the work should begin by 2016. A 2012 study by Agence Présence, a Paris-based communications agency, has placed Saintth Catherine Street 25 out of the 30 most beautiful avenues in the world, beating out New York's th famed Fifth Avenue that placed 26 in that ranking. The assessment was based on four criteria: atmosphere of the avenue, interactions with passers-by, appearance of the sales outlet and 107 quality of service by sales assistants. Nine metro (subway) stations are located along Sainte-Catherine, allowing visitors to discover 108 much of this famous street and downtown Montréal. More than 160,000 vehicles park downtown each day. There are 8,379 paid parking spaces (parking meters) along the streets of downtown (borough of Ville-Marie), with 407 spaces available at an hourly rate of $1. The hourly rate of the remaining 110 7,972 spaces is $3 per hour. In 2015, downtown Montréal offers 11,290 hotel rooms. Downtown Montréal boasts 58 movie screens. The borough of Ville-Marie, also known as downtown Montréal, has 129 parks and mini-parks in 113 its territory. 109 111 112 ECONOMY 114 From an economic standpoint, Montréal ranks second in Canada, just behind Toronto. Among the 20 largest metropolises in North America, Montréal ranks 1 in terms of competitive 115 operating costs. In 2013, Greater Montréal was placed 2 in North America in terms of offering companies of all 116 business sectors the most competitive tax rates. In 2013, 52,612 companies or establishments (all sectors combined) operated on the territory of the Montréal agglomeration. 69% of these companies employ under 10 people; 653 of them 117 employ over 200 people, and 13% of them are related to the retail sector. st nd Montréal is… 2015 – Updated February 2015 9 In 2012, an Economist Intelligence Unit study entitled Hot Spots ranked Montréal the 22 most competitive world city. The study compared 120 of the largest urban centres in 8 different nd categories based on 31 indicators. Although Montréal placed 22 overall, it did stand out in some st th of the categories: 1 in Environment and Natural Hazards category, 7 in Institutional th 118 Effectiveness and 16 for its Social and Cultural Character and Quality of Life. According to a 2012 UBS study, out of 72 world cities, Montréal ranks 28 in terms of its citizens' 119 purchasing power. According to a study conducted in 2014 by Mercer Human Resource Consulting, among large international metropolises, Montréal has one of the lowest costs of living: out of 211 cities, rd Montréal is the 123 most expensive city. In fact, Greater Montréal enjoys an enviable position thanks to its stable inflation rate. The healthcare system in Québec is free, as it is based on the principle of universality, as is education from elementary up to and including college, in both 120 English and French. In Montréal, there are over 3,000 financial companies (banking, insurance, securities, pension funds, financial advice and fund management). Montréal’s financial sector employs 100,000 people and 25,000 financiers and represents 6.2% of the city’s gross domestic product. There are 5,200 finance students and 1,300 graduates each year in Montréal, and the city has over 30 research units dedicated to such areas as financial derivatives, retirement plan administration or 121 financial engineering. According to Long Finance and Z/Yen Group, two London firms, Montréal ranked 16 in the 2014 122 Global Financial Centres Index. In 2012, venture capital investments in Montréal totalled $409 million, making Montréal the 123 number two Canadian city. According to Red Herring, a California magazine specialising in the technology sector, in 2009 the Solidarity Fund QFL headquartered in Montréal was among the Top 100 venture capital 124 investment firms in the world. A study conducted by the Boston Consulting Group ranked Montréal 21 among world cities in terms of attracting talent. The study surveyed 203,000 people, who indicated the 5 cities where 125 they would consider living. nd th th st EDUCATION Montréal is home to 11 institutions of higher learning, including six major universities: Université de Montréal (French) Université du Québec à Montréal (French) McGill University (English) Concordia University (English) TÉLUQ (remote learning university); Université de Sherbrooke –Longueuil Campus. o Three management and public administration institutions: HEC Montréal, a business school affiliated with the Université de Montréal. École nationale d'administration publique (ENAP), affiliated with the Université du Québec. The École des sciences de la gestion of the Université du Québec à Montréal. o Three engineering and scientific research establishments École de technologie supérieure (ÉTS) École Polytechnique de Montréal Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS) According to the QS Best Student Cities index of 2013, Montréal ranks as the top university city in nd th 126 Canada, the 2 best in North America and the 10 best in the world. Montréal is… 2015 – Updated February 2015 10 o In the fall of 2013, 187,038 students were enrolled in universities in Montréal. The fields of study with the highest number of students enrolled were business administration sciences 127 (20%), humanities (20%) and applied sciences (16%). Montréal ranks first in Canada for the number of university degrees awarded to all students. The 128 city boasts over 40,000 graduates each year. 129 o In 2013, 47,167 university degrees were awarded in the Greater Montréal area. In 2014-2015, McGill University ranked 39 among the top 400 universities in the world, according th to Times Higher Education-QS. The university also ranked 20 overall in clinical, pre-clinical and 130 health-care sciences. In 2011, HEC Montréal’s intensive MBA program was listed as the 12 best MBA program outside of the United States according to Forbes magazine. HEC Montréal was the only Canadian school 131 included in the magazine’s ranking. Montréal is the university research capital of Canada. In 2010, it ranked number one in Canada 132 for money invested in university research. There are 12 public colleges (CEGEPs) in the Montréal region: 9 French and 3 English. In the fall of 2013, there was a total of 64,273 full-time students enrolled in those institutions, 22,286 of 133 which were in the English network. There are 5 school boards on the Island of Montréal: 3 French and 2 English. For the 2013-2014 134 school year, there were 142,285 and 37,414 students enrolled, respectively. For the 2013-2014 school year, the total number of students in the Montréal region's public and 135 private school networks was 111,321 at the primary level, and 97,107 at the secondary level. In 2011, 80.5% of the population of Montréal’s CMA has at least one diploma. This represents over 2.5 million people: o 22% of the population of Greater Montréal aged 15 and up has a high school diploma; o 16.4% of the population has a certificate from a college, CEGEP or another non-university institution; o 14.6% of the population has a bachelor’s degree; o 8.9% of the population has an academic certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor 136 level. th th FASHION Montréal’s fashion industry, which represents some 50,000 jobs, is one of the third main fashion 137 production centres in North America, along with Los Angeles and New York. The North American Fur and Fashion Exposition in Montréal (NAFFEM) is the largest trade show of its kind on the continent and the only exhibition of high-end furs and winter fashion in North America. The exhibition, which is also one of the most prestigious marketing events of the fur industry in the world, is organized every year by the Canadian Fur Trade Development Institute 138 (CFTDI). Originally an important fur trade centre, today Montréal is still the fur capital of Canada, where over 80% of all fur products are manufactured and where this historic and noble industry 139 flourishes to this day. Created in 1999, Sensation Mode organizes the Montréal Fashion and Design Festival, which will th celebrate its 15 anniversary in 2015. It is to the credit of this innovative festival, the most important outdoor fashion event in North America, that Montréal has become one of North America’s premier fashion and design centres. Every year, the festival brings together designers from here and abroad, singer-songwriters and performing artists to celebrate Montréal’s legendary 140 passion for fashion. Montréal is home to a dozen fashion, design and textile training schools. Over 1,800 students are 141 registered in these programs each year. Fashion could soon be represented by an industrial cluster in Montréal. Montréal is… 2015 – Updated February 2015 11 142 FUN AND PLEASURE IN MONTRÉAL In 2012, Lonely Planet's Best in Travel 2013 guide placed Montréal among its Top Ten Cities, 143 citing the unique Montréal way of life and the famed "joie de vivre" travellers will experience. In 2011, Lonely Planet placed Montréal 3 among its Best Summer Cities. In 2014, the MONTRÉAL EN LUMIÈRE festival was listed in National Geographic’s Best Winter 145 Trips 2015. For Montréalers, the weekend often begins on Thursday night with the traditional happy hour! In 2009, Montréal was ranked second in the Lonely Planet travel guide’s list of best party cities, behind Belgrade in Serbia. The guide praises the city’s many nightclubs, jazz clubs and the Just 146 For Laughs Festival. In 2009, Montréalers spent an average of 11.5% of the household budget on food, or 1.2 147 percentage points more than the Canadian average. rd 144 148 GEOGRAPHY o o Montréal is located at 73 west longitude and 45 north latitude, just like Venice, Geneva, Lyon and Milan. The Island of Montréal covers a total surface area of 500 km . As the crow flies, the island of Montréal is 50 kilometres long and 16 kilometres wide. Montréal’s altitude is 17 metres above sea level. The total length of the banks of the Island of Montréal is 267 kilometres. The territory of the Montréal agglomeration has 75 islands, while the CMA is made up of more than 380 islands. The Saint Lawrence River ranks as the 17 largest waterway in the world. 2 th 149 HEALTHCARE AND SERVICES There are currently 42 public health institutions and 38 private institutions on the Island of 150 Montréal. These are : Institution Type Number of Institutions Public Private Total Childhood and Youth Protection Centres 2 0 2 Local Community Service Centres 12 1 13 Hospitals 25 4 29 Long-Term Care Facilities 27 28 55 Rehabilitation Centres 11 6 17 Note: Establishments with more than one mission type are counted several times in the list. Source: Ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux du Québec, November 25, 2014 Montréal has the greatest number of beds available in the province of Québec: 7,441 for general 151 and specialized care (short-term care) and 16,147 for long-term care. The Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CHUM) and the McGill University Health Centre (MUHC) are under construction. In the spring of 2015, patients will be moved to the new 152 MUHC in the West Island. The first phase of the CHUM complex will be completed in the heart 153 of the future Health District in the spring of 2016. Between 2009 and 2011, the life expectancy at birth of Montréal women was 83.7 years and 79.2 154 years for Montréal men. Montréal is one of the leading Canadian cities for fruit and vegetable consumption. In 2013, 44.4% of Montréalers ate 5 or more fruits or vegetables per day. In comparison, only 38.6% of Montréal is… 2015 – Updated February 2015 12 Torontonians consumed that amount of fruit and veggies each day, and only 39.7% of 155 Vancouverites did so. In 2013, 22.5% of Montréalers smoked daily or occasionally. In 2006, a law was passed that 156, 157 prohibited smoking in Québec's restaurants and bars. HOUSING In October 2013, Montréal’s vacancy rate was at 2.8%, compared to the Québec provincial rate of 158 3.1 % (10,000 residents or more). In 2012, housing is 20% cheaper in Montréal than in Toronto or Vancouver. In 2011, there were 907,393 private inhabited dwellings on the island of Montréal. According to the 2011 census, 45% of dwellings on the island of Montréal are occupied by tenants, versus 55% by owners. The number of homeowners, however, has increased by 7% 161 between 2006 and 2011. This difference is due in part to Montréal’s affordable rents. RealNet Canada figures for 2012 show that Montréal is the second most active North American 162 city in terms of condo construction. In December 2015, construction began on 19,689 homes in Montréal. The highest percentage of tenant dwellings is in the downtown area (borough of Ville-Marie), at 164 74%. In 2011, 84,013 residents lived in Montréal’s Business district (borough of Ville-Marie). According to the Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation, Montréal has one of the lowest monthly rents in Canada. In 2013, the average monthly rent for a two-bedroom apartment in Montréal was $730 per month, significantly lower than the Canadian average of $919 per month, 166 the Toronto average of $1,213 per month and the Vancouver average of $1,281 per month. On average, Montréal households allotted 21% of their budget to housing in 2014, which 167 represents an annual expense of $13,776. There is an average of 2.3 people per dwelling in the CMA of Montréal (census 2011). 159 160 163 165 168 July 1 is an important date for Montréalers: it is dedicated to moving. Each year, nearly 200,000 households in Québec choose to move on this date, 100,000 of which are Montréal 169, 170 households. This tradition most likely comes to us from Scotland, where every year on st May 1 people were allowed to “break” their lease in order to find a new home. Scottish immigrants continued this tradition when they settled in Québec. Moving day was eventually st 171 changed to July 1 to avoid disturbing the children’s school year. In 2006, 183,360 Montréal residents moved, while staying on the island. According to Statistics Canada, about 115,000 moves take place in Montréal each year. In 2006, 14.7% of the 172 Montréal population had moved the previous year. st INDUSTRY Montréal has the largest bilingual labour force in Canada; over 50% of the population is 173 bilingual. Montréal has a stable and highly qualified labour force: according to the 2006 census, approximately 56% of Montréalers in the CMA of Montréal aged 15 and up have a post-secondary 174 diploma and about 27% are university graduates. Montréal ranks 7th in North America for its concentration of jobs in the high-tech sector (that is, the number of high technology jobs available versus the total employment in the region), ahead of 175 Toronto, Minneapolis and Phoenix. Among the major cities in North America and G7 countries, the Montréal region offers the most 176 nd competitive operating costs for companies. In 2013, the city ranked 2 among the 20 largest 177 North-American cities in terms of the competitiveness of corporate taxes, all sectors combined. In 2014, KPMG’s Competitive Alternatives guide shows that Montréal’s operating costs, all sectors combined, are 8.0% lower than those of the United States. This places the city ahead of 33 major Montréal is… 2015 – Updated February 2015 13 Canadian and American cities with a population of over 2 million people. In 2014, Montréal’s cost advantage jumped from 5.2% in 2012 to 8.0% in 2014, which is due in part to the decline in the 178 Canadian dollar. Research and Development: o In 2010, Montréal ranked number one in Canada with regards to funds invested in 179 sponsored university research. o Montréal also ranks number one in Canada in terms of sums invested in university 180 research. In 2012, Montréal's largest universities managed a total of over $1.2 billion in 181 research funds. 182 o Montréal is also the Canadian city with the most university researchers. In 2012, the 183 city had a total of 5,848 researchers throughout all of its universities. o With over 200 research centres and more than 1,500 institutions active in research and development, in 2010, the agglomeration of Montréal was home to the largest research 184 complex in Canada. High-tech sectors: In 2012, 7.2% of Montréal’s workforce is employed in high tech sectors. This rate 185 is comparable to those of San Diego and Dallas. o Life Sciences and Health Technology (LSHT): In Metropolitan Montréal, more than 42,000 people are employed in the life sciences sector in 600 different organizations, including some 300 public and para-governmental research organizations; these organizations alone employ 186 over 12,000 researchers and professionals. th Montréal ranks 6 among North-American cities for its concentration of employment in the LSHT sector, with over 45,000 jobs in this sector. Montréal is one of the rare regions in the world that boasts two of the 100 best universities in the world. Montréal offers a cost advantage of more than 14% in the LSHT sector, compared with major competing cities. o Aerospace Industry: Montréal is reputed for its expertise in the aerospace industry. The city is particularly renowned for manufacturing, refurbishing and repairing airplane 187 engines, as well as for its expertise in avionics and landing gear. Montréal ranks second among the world’s aerospace capitals in terms of density 188 of employment. The city has over 43,500 workers employed by 215 companies. Montréal is Canada’s number one aerospace hub. 70% of the country’s research and development, 55% of its sales and 50% of its workforce are concentrated in the region. This sector represents an annual income of 12 billion dollars, and 80% 189 of its production is intended for export. The Montréal region is one of the few places in the world where almost all the 190 parts of an airplane are available within a 30-kilometre radius. Some of the most important international aerospace organizations are headquartered in Montréal, including The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), the International Air Transport Association (IATA) and the International 191 Business Aviation Council (IBAC). nd In 2012, Greater Montréal ranked 2 among North-American cities specializing in 192 aerospace for the competitiveness of its total operating costs. 193 o Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) : rd In 2013, Greater Montréal ranked 3 among major North-American cities for its concentration of employment in the Information and Communication Montréal is… 2015 – Updated February 2015 14 Technologies sector. This is an exceptionally dynamic sector, as it experienced a 4% increase between 2008 and 2009 despite the global economic downturn. Between 2002 and 2012, the gross domestic product of the ICTs sector increased by 25%, reaching nearly 10 billion dollars in 2012. Some 5,000 private companies are located on the territory. Among these, 400 are under foreign ownership. In total, over 90,000 people are employed in this sector in Montréal, which represents over 8% of Montréal’s workforce. Greater Montréal offers the most competitive operating costs in North America in this sector. LANGUAGE 194 Montréal is the only francophone metropolis in North America. Montréal is one of the rare cities in the world to be bilingual. Two major languages of 195 communication are used: English and French. According to the 2011 census, 63.3% of the CMA of Montréal population is made up of native French speakers; 11.6% of residents have English as their mother tongue, and 25.1% are 196 allophones. Also according to the 2011 census, 53.3% of Montréalers (CMA) are fluent in both French and English, representing the largest bilingual population in Canada. In comparison, only 7.6% of the 197 population of Toronto speaks both French and English. In 2006, approximately 17.3% of the population was fluent in a third language. In all, close to 80 languages are spoken in the Montréal region. According to the 2011 census, the most common languages are, in order: French, English, Spanish, Arabic, Italian, Chinese and 199 Romanian. 198 MARINE TRANSPORT As the international port closest to North America's industrial heartland, the Port of Montréal is the 200 busiest container port on the Eastern seaboard. The Port of Montréal is 1,600 kilometres from the Atlantic Ocean and has been open year round th 201 since January 4 , 1964. Every year, the Port of Montréal welcomes thousands of cruise ship passengers at its Iberville marine terminal. In 2014, a total of 71,039 passengers, including 14,573 crew members, set foot 202 on the Port. Every year, a Gold-Headed Cane is presented to the captain of the first ocean liner of the year to reach port without a stopover. The tradition dates back to sometime around 1840. Until 203 approximately 1880, the prize offered was a top hat. In 2013, the Port of Montréal received the Most Efficient Port Services award from the prestigious 204 Cruise Insight magazine. In 2012, the Port of Montréal received four awards: o For the first time, the Port of Montréal won the Most Responsive Port award, which recognizes ports that respond the fastest and most efficiently to requests from cruise shipping lines; o For the third consecutive year, it also won the Best Turnaround Destination award, which recognizes cruise destinations that offer passengers a superior welcome; o For the second consecutive year, it won the Most Efficient Terminal Operator award, which recognizes the most efficiently managed and operated cruise terminals; and, o For a third year (2008, 2009 and 2011), it won the Best Turnaround Port Operations award, which recognizes ports that stand out for the excellence of their cruise 205 infrastructure. Montréal is… 2015 – Updated February 2015 15 206 MEDIA Montréal has four daily newspapers: three in French—La Presse, Le Devoir and Le Journal de Montréal—and one in English—The Gazette, one of the oldest English-language newspapers in North America. There are also two free dailies, distributed from Monday to Friday, in Montréal: Métro, which is available in close to 20 countries and its competitor, 24 Heures. 28 radio stations, including 9 in English and 4 in other languages, broadcast from the greater Montréal area. Several news agencies, including Agence France-Presse (AFP), and The Canadian Press, have 207 offices in Montréal. Between January 1 , 2014 and October 1 , 2014, Montréal was the number one Québec tourist destination that received the most publicity abroad. 58% of the media coverage on Québec 208 tourism is dedicated to the Montréal area alone. st st MONTRÉAL, INTERNATIONAL CITY Montréal, international city, is: 209 o 70 international organizations nd 210 o 2 most important consular city in North America, with 85 consulates general 211 o 20,000 foreign university students 212 o Over 120 ethnocultural communities 213 o More than 2,000 subsidiaries of foreign companies . Montréal attracts more foreign students than any other Canadian city. The Quartier international is a new urban space that was created in 2004 through a partnership between the private and public sectors. The project represents an investment of over $90 million and accounts for over 80% of employees in international organizations. This area is home to Montréal’s Convention Centre (Palais des congrès) and to the headquarters of the Caisse de 215 dépot et placement du Québec. Montréal is the civil aviation capital of Canada. The fact that it is home to the head offices of three international organizations—the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), the International Air Transport Association (IATA) and the Société internationale des telecommunications aéronautiques (SITA)—serves to consolidate its leadership position in that regard. With ICAO, Montréal is the only Canadian city that is home to the head offices of a UN 217 organization. Founded by the World Tourism Organization (WTO), a United Nations agency, the World Centre of Excellence for Destinations opened in Montréal in 2007. The mission of this organization is to research and create tools to promote sustainable tourism development for destinations around the 218 world. The Global Campaign for Climate Action (GCCA) brings together over twenty of the most important organizations from international civil society, including OXFAM, Greepeace and the 219 WWF. Its Secretariat was established in Montréal in 2009. Montréal has more than one hundred International Finance Centres (IFCs). Financial groups from the United States, France, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, Greece, Tunisia, Lebanon and 220 Canada hold IFC certification. In 2014, Montréal was ranked as the 10 most famous city in the world, according to a survey 221 conducted by Forbes and the Reputation Institute. 214 216 th NEIGHBOURHOODS AND BOROUGHS On June 20, 2004, the referendum on the mergers and demergers of the different cities that make up Montréal took place. On January 1, 2006, as prescribed by the Act respecting the consultation of citizens with respect to the territorial reorganization of certain municipalities (adopted by the Montréal is… 2015 – Updated February 2015 16 National Assembly on December 18, 2003) and subsequent to the referendums of June 2004, 15 222 former suburbs on the Island of Montréal were reconstituted. The City of Montréal is comprised of 19 boroughs : o Ahuntsic-Cartierville o Anjou o Côte-des-Neiges–Notre-Dame-de-Grâce o Lachine o LaSalle o Le Plateau-Mont-Royal o Le Sud-Ouest o L’Île-Bizard–Sainte-Geneviève o Mercier–Hochelaga-Maisonneuve o Montréal-Nord o Outremont o Pierrefonds-Roxboro o Rivière-des-Prairies–Pointe-aux-Trembles o Rosemont–La Petite-Patrie o Saint-Laurent o Saint-Léonard o Verdun o Ville-Marie o Villeray–Saint-Michel–Parc-Extension The island of Montréal (Montréal agglomeration) is made up of the city of Montréal and of these 224 15 re-merged municipalities : o Baie-d’Urfé o Beaconsfield o Côte-Saint-Luc o Dollard-des-Ormeaux o Dorval o Hampstead o Kirkland o L’Île-Dorval o Montréal-Est o Montréal-Ouest o Mont-Royal o Pointe-Claire o Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue o Senneville o Westmount The main tourist districts of the Island of Montréal are o Downtown o Old Montréal/ Old Port o Parc Jean-Drapeau o Mount Royal and surrounding area 223 Montréal is… 2015 – Updated February 2015 225 : 17 o o o o o o o Plateau Mont-Royal Hochelaga-Maisonneuve Little Italy The Village Pôle des Rapides West Island The surrounding area NIGHTLIFE Montréal is Canada’s nightlife capital. In 2012, Statistics Canada revealed that, of all major Canadian cities, Montréal remains the most popular urban destination with foreign tourists for going out to bars and/or nightclubs. In fact, 33.5% of foreign tourists visit a bar and/or nightclub when they come to Montréal, placing the city ahead of Québec City (32.1%), Toronto (25.2%) and 226 Vancouver (23.2%). In November 2014, in Montréal’s tourist districts, there were 170 bars, or an average of 7.5 bars 2 227 per km . In 2013, 97% of tourists who visited Montréal for pleasure, for two nights or more, 228 declared themselves satisfied with the variety of bars and nightclubs they found here . Montréal’s nightlife has a lot to offer. From microbreweries to discotheques, and cigar lounges to electronic music clubs, not to mention the city’s traditional terraces, Montréal has something for everyone. Bars are open till 3 o’clock in the morning, but several after-hour clubs (without alcohol) stay open all night long so partygoers can dance the night away! It’s in five different neighbourhoods, each unique in its own way, that Montréal’s nightlife is at its most intense: o The Plateau Mont-Royal: The lively stomping grounds of artists and non-conformists, young urban professionals and intellectuals, the Plateau is Montréal’s hippest and most creative neighbourhood. Its cafés, bistros, bars and restaurants abound with a motley crew of patrons that move to the beat of the latest trends. The area offers nearly 70 bars/bistros and 500 restaurants, most of which are located around Mont-Royal 229 Avenue. th o The Quartier Latin: In the early 19 century, Montréal’s francophone bourgeoisie first established itself in the Quartier Latin. Today, as home to the Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), the Collège du Vieux-Montréal and a number of major cultural institutions, the neighbourhood vibrates with the vitality of student life. The area boasts some 15 different spots where friends and colleagues can meet for a drink in a casual atmosphere. o The Village: Gay-friendly doesn’t begin to describe Montréal, a city founded on cultural diversity where different lifestyles are not only accepted, but nurtured. Naturally, Montréal is home to one of the largest gay communities in the world. And visitors here will always feel safe and respected. The Village is a very animated district that boasts some 35 bars to party at. Gay or straight, you’ll always be welcome in the Village! o Crescent Street: This festive street, between René-Lévesque and Maisonneuve boulevards, is home to an array of festivals, events and street shows. Crescent is legendary for its “terrasses”, trendy restaurants, gourmet cuisine and its nightlife. Patrons can choose from several lively restaurants and discotheques, trendy Irish pubs and a little over 25 bars. o Saint-Laurent Boulevard: The Montréal “Main” is where it’s at. With more than 60 bars, resto-bars, discotheques and lounges between Sherbrooke Street and Mont-Royal Avenue, St-Laurent Boulevard is another of Montréal’s nightlife hot spots. o McGill Street: A magnificent stretch of heritage and style located in the west-end of Old Montréal, McGill Street is lined with magnificent institutional and office buildings, trendy Montréal is… 2015 – Updated February 2015 18 hotels (W and the Hôtel St-Paul) and some 40 boutiques, restaurants, and bars – some even with terraces in the summer. In fact, McGill Street has welcomed a multitude of chic new restaurants and bars in the last few years, making it one of the most popular nightlife venues for Montréalers. A number of other Montréal neighbourhoods – Villeray, Petite-Patrie, Rosemont, Griffintown, Little Italy and Hochelaga-Maisonneuve, among others – also boast a number of hip watering holes. However, as these lively bars are off the beaten tracks, they attract a mostly local crowd. In November 2014, the Montréal agglomeration had a total of 3,900 restaurants and 430 bars, 230 taverns and breweries, which employed a total of 52,800 people. In 2014, Montréal was tied for 5 place in CNN’s top 10 nightlife cities, along with Barcelona and 231 London. th 232 POPULATION In 2011, the Census Metropolitan Area (CMA) of Montréal recorded 3,824,211 residents, making it nd the 2 largest CMA in Canada after Toronto. In 2013, the population of the Montréal agglomeration (island) was 1,959,987, an increase of 1% over 2012. The population of the city of Montréal was 1,649,519 residents in 2011, an increase of 1.8% over 2006. In 2011, close to half of Québec’s population (48%) lived in the Montréal CMA. As for the island of Montréal, it is home to 23% of Québec households. PUBLIC SAFETY The low homicide rate and decrease in violent crimes in Montréal make the city one of the safest metropolises in North America. In 2012, there were 1.2 homicides per 100,000 residents in 233 Montréal, compared with 1.4 in Toronto and 1.5 in Vancouver. As for the United States, in 2009, 234 there were 5.6 homicides per 100,000 residents in New York and 16.1 in Chicago. The number of homicides in the metropolitan region stood at 28 in 2013 and declined by 20%, 235 compared to 2012. This is the city’s lowest rate since 1967. Number of homicides from 2002 to 2013 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 47 42 41 35 43 42 29 31 37 35 35 28 The rate of hate crimes is also one of the lowest among Canada’s 10 major cities. In 2012, 2 hate crimes per 100,000 people were reported in Montréal, compared to 5 in Toronto and 5 in 236 Vancouver. The Montréal metro system is one of the safest in the world. This is due in part to the presence of over 100 police officers who patrol the metro and bus network every day, 24 hours a day, seven 237 days a week. In all, 95,345 criminal offences were reported in Montréal in 2013, a decrease of 24.9% since 238 2009. In 2013, crimes against a person decreased by 20.9% since 2009. During the same period, 239 crimes against property decreased by 27.3%. QUALITY OF LIFE In 2015, The Economist ranked Montreal as the second best place in the world to live. The ratings 240 used an index of indexes, including safety, cost of living, business, and democracy. A Léger Marketing poll conducted in 2011 found that, out of all Canadians, Montréalers are the 241 most appreciative of their city's quality of life. Montréal is… 2015 – Updated February 2015 19 In 2010, Montréal ranked 2 The quality of life that Montréal offers is recognized internationally. In 2014, Montréal was ranked rd 23 out of 223 world cities in a quality of life survey conducted by Mercer Human Resources Consulting. The results of the survey take into account 39 quality of life determinants, specifically the political, economic and sociocultural factors, the environment, public services, transportation 243 and entertainment. Montréal placed 24 244 cities. In 2012, the UN ranked Canada 11 in the world on the Human Development Index (HDI). The index is based on three main indicators: life expectancy, access to education and standard of 245 living. According to the Union des Banques Suisses (UBS) in 2012, Montréalers have an average of 13 246 paid days off per year. While US employers are not obliged to grant paid holidays to their employees, Québec employees 247 have the right to a minimum of two paid weeks of vacation per year. According to the Union des Banques Suisses (UBS) in 2012, Montréalers worked an average of 248 1,783 hours per year, less than the international average of 1,915 hours per year. The city of Montréal boasts a network of 19 major parks for a total of 2,000 hectares of green space. A favourite spot for relaxing and playing, these parks are great for recreational, educational, cultural, sports and outdoor activities as well as a great venue for major public 249 events. The borough of Ville-Marie alone has and is responsible for the maintenance of 129 parks, mini parks and green spaces which contribute to the quality of life of its citizens. There are some 112,000 trees growing in these green spaces, of which 104,000 are located in Mount Royal 250 Park. According to Walk Score, Montréal is Canada's 3 most walkable city. In 2014, according to the Rough Guides tourist site, Montréal was ranked as the third friendliest 252 city in the world, after Dublin in second, and Glasgow in first place. th nd in Lonely Planet’s list of the World’s 10 Happiest Places. 242 in British magazine Monocle's 2012 ranking of the world's most liveable th rd 251 RELIGIOUS PATRIMONY Montréal is home to close to 500 places of worship built before 1975, Roman Catholic and 253 Protestant for the most part, but also Jewish, Islamic, and Buddhist, among others. Notre-Dame Basilica: 254 o Montréal’s first parish church was built in 1672. o A new church was erected south of this first church between 1824 and 1829. In 1830, the 255 original church was destroyed, opening up space for the Place d’Armes. 256 o The church was raised to the rank of a minor basilica in 1982. o The basilica has long been the largest house of worship in North America, all faiths 257 combined. o The Notre-Dame-des-Neiges cemetery is affiliated with the Notre-Dame Basilica. Located 258 on Mount Royal, it is the largest in Canada and third largest in North America. Mary, Queen of the World Cathedral-Basilica: 259 o The seat of the Roman-Catholic archdiocese in Montréal; 260 o The third largest church in Québec; 261 o Is a scale model of Saint Peter’s Basilica in Rome; 262 o Constructed between 1870 and1894. Saint Joseph’s Oratory: Montréal is… 2015 – Updated February 2015 20 o o o o o o o o Saint Joseph’s Oratory was founded in 1904 by Brother André and was originally a small 263 chapel. After several additions and expansions, the basilica was inaugurated in 1967. 264 It has a seating capacity of 2,200. The basilica’s dome is the third largest of its kind after Our Lady of Peace of 265 Yamoussoukro (Ivory Coast) and Saint Peter’s Basilica (Rome). 266 It is the largest church in Canada. The basilica welcomed Pope Jean-Paul II in 1984, Mother Teresa in 1988 and the Dalaï 267 Lama in 1993. It is the most important pilgrimage site dedicated to Saint Joseph. 268 The Oratory receives over 1.5 million visitors per year. There are 283 steps from the square in front of the basilica to the street, 99 of which are made of wood and are reserved for prayer; they are also used by pilgrims who wish to 269 make the ascent on their knees. The Saint Joseph’s Oratory set of bells includes 56 bronze bells and is one of the largest 270 sets in North America. Brother André was declared venerable in 1978, was beatified in 1982, and was formally canonized in October 2010. He is the second well-known Québécois saint after Sainte Marguerite d’Youville. Eight Canadian martyrs, of which six were Jesuit priests, as well as Marguerite Bourgeoys, all born in France and died in Canada, were canonized before Brother André. Brother André (André Bessette) was born in 1845 and died in 1937. Hundreds of people attribute their miraculous recovery to him, even after his death. Brother André’s heart is preserved in a reliquary 271 in the Oratory. Kateri Tekakwitha, who lived the last three years of her life in Kahnawake near 272 Montréal, was also canonized in October 2012. Built between 1684 and 1687, the Saint-Sulpice Seminary is the oldest building in Montréal’s borough of Ville-Marie. The Society of Priests of Saint-Sulpice has been the sole owner since its 273 construction. Erected between 1843 and 1847, St. Patrick’s Basilica has been declared a historical monument and designated a national historic site. St. Patrick’s congregation is made up largely of loyal 274 anglophone catholic followers, namely of Irish origin. Several other Montréal churches as well as the cemeteries of Notre-Dame-des-Neiges and Mount Royal have also been classified as 275 historical monuments. Québec’s Religious Patrimony Council took inventory of Québec houses of worship. The evaluation of the patrimonial value of these locations was equally evaluated according to their historical and symbolic value, the value of their art as well as the interior and exterior architecture. 276 The places deemed definitely worth a visit are as follows : Tradition Construction year La-Visitation-de-la-Bienheureuse-Vierge-Marie Church Catholic 1749 Notre-Dame-de-Bon-Secours Chapel Catholic 1771 Notre-Dame Basilica Catholic 1824 Sainte-Geneviève Church Catholic 1843 Saint-Patrick’s Basilica Catholic 1843 Saint-Pierre-Apôtre Church Catholic 1851 Christ Church Cathedral Anglican 1856 Saint-George’s Church Anglican 1869 Mary, Queen of the World Cathedral-Basilica Catholic 1870 Name Montréal is… 2015 – Updated February 2015 21 Tradition Construction year Saint-James’ Church United 1887 Erskine and American Church United 1893 La Citadelle-Salvation Army Church Evangelical 1906 St. Joseph’s Oratory of Mount Royal Catholic 1924 Presbyterian 1931 Name Saint-Andrew and Saint-Paul’s Church RESTAURANTS 2 277 In November 2014, Montréal's tourist districts had a total of 66.3 restaurants per km . 5,726 licenses in the food service industry were issued in Montréal in 2013, which represents 278 27.7% of all the licenses in the industry in the province of Québec. According to the Régie des alcools, des courses et des jeux, Montréal had 375 Bring Your Own 279 Wine (BYOW) restaurants in October 2014. In 2012, a survey conducted by the Union de Banques Suisses (UBS) on “Prices and Earnings” th among 72 world cities revealed that Montréal ranked 30 worldwide for the cost of a restaurant 280 meal, with the highest ranking being for the most expensive city. In November 2012, Tourisme Montréal launched the first edition of MTL à TABLE. Over 140 restaurants throughout the city took part in the 2014 edition, offering prix-fixe menus at $19, $29 281 and $39. After a 6-decade long ban, in March 2013, the City of Montréal finally gave the green light to street food. Since then, a street food pilot project was implemented and re-conducted in 2014. In 2014, 282 29 trucks shared 15 sites identified by the City of Montréal. Each year, Montréal is host to the MONTRÉAL EN LUMIÈRE festival, which features three components: culture, gourmet food and outdoor activities. In 2014, the festival celebrated its fifteenth anniversary, offering a unique series of culinary events. The fine dining program of the Festival has positioned itself as one of North America’s most important gourmet events, reinforcing Montréal’s notoriety as a gastronomic destination as well as the enviable reputation of 283 its chefs. In 2014, the MONTRÉAL EN LUMIÈRE festival was listed in National Geographic’s Best Winter 284 Trips 2015. Following in Lyon’s footsteps, Montréal joined the Network of Good Food Cities of the World in September 2007. Aside from Montréal, the member cities of this select network are: Aarhus, Barcelona, Birmingham, Bordeaux, Brussels, Cape Winelands, Chicago, Gothenburg, Helsinki, İzmir, Lausanne, Leipzig, Lisbonne, Lyon, Madrid, Osaka, Puebla, Rabat, Riga, Saint Louis, 285 Stavanger and Turin. In 2014, Thrillist ranked Montréal as the 13 best food city in the world. In 2014, the Chocolate Academy, a network with 16 locations across the world, opened a location in Montréal with a new concept and six distinctive spaces: a chocolate workshop, a creative studio, a tasting room to indulge the senses, a bar area, an open space, and an auditorium. The Montréal Chocolate Academy aims to provide a modern and spacious location where professionals and individuals can enrich their knowledge of such fine arts as chocolate, pastries, 287 ice cream, and pairings. th 286 SPORTS AND LEISURE 288 In Montréal, the major professional sporting teams are the following : o Hockey – Montréal Canadiens and Montréal Stars (women’s team) o Football – Montréal Alouettes Montréal is… 2015 – Updated February 2015 22 o o Soccer – Montréal Impact Ultimate Frisbee – Montréal Royal Montréal has 3 varsity football teams : o The Concordia Stingers; o The McGill Redmen; o The Université de Montréal’s Carabins. Montréal’s major sporting events are : o Formula One Grand Prix du Canada o The Rogers Cup Montréal o Féria du vélo de Montréal o Oasis de Montréal International Marathon o Grand Prix Cycliste Pro tour de Montréal Hockey: o According to the International Ice Hockey Federation, hockey was born in Montréal when rd on March 3 , 1875 the very first hockey game in the world was played at the Victoria rink 291 in Montréal. The game apparently ended in a fight. 292 o The Canadian Amateur Hockey Association came into existence in 1886 in Montréal. o The Montréal Canadiens Hockey Club has won the Stanley Cup 24 times since the turn of the century, making it the second most successful championship sports team in the world 293 after the New York Yankees baseball team, which has won 27 World Series. 294 o The Montréal Canadiens Hockey Club celebrated 100 years of hockey in 2009. o In 2010, following the Canadiens victory over the Penguins for the Eastern conference 295 semi-final, 50,000 enthusiastic Habs fans took over downtown Montréal. Soccer o In 2013, Montréal counted some 41,000 soccer players, making soccer the most played 296 federated sport in Québec. 297 o In 2012, the Montréal Impact became a Major League Soccer franchise. Automobile sport: o Run since 1978 on the track on Montréal’s Île Notre-Dame, the Grand Prix of Canada is one of the favourite races of the season for Formula One fans. In 2009, Montréal was not included on the world championship racing calendar, but much to the delight of all fans, 298 the only race on Canadian soil returned in 2010. Since then, approximately 300,000 299 spectators each year have attended this Grand Prix of Canada event. Golf: o 289 290 o o o In 2007, Montréal hosted the prestigious Presidents Cup, a biennial competition which pits the United States against the rest of the world (excluding Europe) in a team 300 tournament. There are 60 public and private golf courses, all members of Golf Québec, located within 301 a 40 km radius of Montréal. Montréal is home to the very first golf club in North America—the Royal Montréal. 302 Founded in 1873 on Mount Royal, the club is now located on Île Bizard in Montréal. From 2010 to 2013, Montréal hosted a tournament on the PGA Championship circuit. The 303 Champions Tour is comprised of professional golfers aged 50+ years. Surfing: o There are a few places to surf in Montréal. About 500 surf enthusiasts regularly tackle the 304 waves close to the Habitat 67 housing complex and the Lachine Rapids. Montréal is… 2015 – Updated February 2015 23 o o 305 The Habitat 67 wave, a standing wave, can reach 6 feet (1.82 metres) in height. Corran 306 Addison, an Olympic kayaker, was the first to ever surf this wave in 2001. Near Lasalle in the Lachine Rapids, beginners can try their hand at the so-called "Vague à Guy". The Lachine Rapids themselves are reserved for experienced surfers as they are 307 quite dangerous. Others: o Every year, Montréal's Jarry Park hosts the Rogers Cup, a Masters 1000 event on the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) tour. Alternating with Toronto, the women’s competitions take place in even-numbered years and the men’s competitions, in odd308 numbered years. o Established in 1863, the Lachine Rowing Club is the oldest operating rowing club in North 309 America. o Since 2013, Montréal has been hosting a competition of the Circuit Québécois de Canot à Glace (Québec Ice Canoe Circuit). The icy St. Lawrence River has been crossed by th canoe since the beginning of the colony in the 17 century. In Montréal, ice canoe river th 310 crossings date back to the late 19 century. o Within a 100-kilometre (62 mile) radius of the city, Montréalers have access to 16 downhill 311 ski runs. o Surrounded by the St. Lawrence River, Montréal is a paradise for water-sports enthusiasts, who can enjoy some 325 islands. For its part, the Montréal agglomeration 312 has 315 kilometres of river banks, 131 of which have public access. o Montréal has 74 public pools, not counting wading pools and municipal water parks, which works out to one pool for every 22 540 Montréalers. Among cities with a population of over 1 million, only Philadelphia surpasses the city in terms of pools per number of 313 inhabitants. What's more, in many neighbourhoods, pool access is free. 314 o The Saint Lawrence teems with over 100 species of fish. According to the COURDO program, in 2011 the water quality in the stretch of river between downtown and Montréal East was good to excellent. That same year, QUALO program stations reported that the water between those same two locations was suitable for water contact activities, such as 315 swimming. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT Food and urban agriculture Montréal’s urban agriculture is flourishing. Lufa Farms is the world's first commercial rooftop farm, 2 316 with over 40 varieties growing year-round in over 31,000 ft of greenhouses. In 2013, a second greenhouse was built. In addition to numerous private initiatives, a number of companies (such as the Palais des congrès) have set up their own green roof to provide a local source of produce. In 2015, it was estimated that approximately 128.2 hectares were devoted to urban agriculture in 317 Montréal. In addition to the rooftop garden, planted in 2011, Fairmont the Queen Elizabeth installed bee 318 hives in 2012. The hotel grows over 70 varieties of fruits, vegetables and herbs and has 6 beehives. Fairmont the Queen Elizabeth garnered attention for this innovative project in 2014 and also distinguished itself at the Gala de reconnaissance en environnement et développement 319 durable de Montréal. The Space for Life museum complex has also implemented a number of green initiatives. Upcoming ones include an urban garden, to be planted in the next few years on the Grande Place that connects the complex's four institutions, and the greening of the Insectarium's roof and walls. Launched by Destination Centre-Ville towards the end of summer 2014, the alleyway market allows visitors and locals to buy fresh fruit and vegetables downtown, in one of the alleyways adjacent to Sainte-Catherine Street. The project was a huge success and could be repeated in 320 2015. Montréal is… 2015 – Updated February 2015 24 Launched in the summer of 2011, in Montréal’s Centre-Sud neighborhood, Fruixi is a mobile service that sells local produce and hosts workshops and activities on eco-nutrition. Owing its outreach to its mobile nature, the organization now conducts its activity in the Ville-Marie, Plateau321 Mont-Royal, Hochelaga-Maisonneuve, and Rosemont–La Petite-Patrie boroughs. After much strategic thinking, Montréal’s Conférence régionale des élus (CRÉ) and its partners elaborated a plan for the development of a sustainable and fairly traded food system destined to the Montréal community. Based on a clear, inclusive vision, The “Plan de développement SAM 2025” identifies 5 major targets and 14 specific lines of action to contribute to the evolution of all four sectors of Montréal’s food system—production, transformation, distribution, and 322 consumption. In July 2013, Tourisme Montréal created a directory of Montréal’s sustainable restaurants. The list, which included 19 restaurants and 2 caterers in 2014, identifies restaurants who apply sustainable practices, based on a set of criteria developed by Viatao, Tourisme Montréal’s partner 323 for the project. Certifications In 2015, in Montréal, 49 hotels were certified by the Green Key program, a progressive evaluation 324 system developed by the Hotel Association of Canada. The Association Hôtellerie Québec has also implemented a sustainability recognition program, the PRDD (“Programme de reconnaissance en développement durable”), which is specifically dedicated to the hotel industry. 325 In Montréal, seven hotels have received the program’s RéserVert certification. Since 2014, all members of the Small Hotels Association of Montréal either have the RéserVert or 326 Green Key certification. In 2015, 155 commercial buildings in Montréal were awarded the BOMA BESt certification. Developed by the Building Owners and Managers Association (BOMA) of Canada, this national 327 award and environmental certification program is destined to existing commercial buildings. As of 2014, 74 Montréal buildings were LEED certified: of those, five are rated Platinum, 36 are 328 rated Gold, and 33 are rated Silver. 144 other buildings are in the process of being certified. In 2009, the Port of Montréal officially received the Green Marine certification. This evaluation 329 proves that the Port of Montréal’s performance exceeds the requirements of current regulations. Festivals In 2012, during Montréal’s festival season, Consortium Écho-Logique, a social economy enterprise specializing in waste management on event sites, diverted 200 tons of recyclable materials from landfills. In total, Consortium Écho-Logique’s services were used for 90 special 330 events located in 8 regions of Québec. Of these 90 events, 75 took place in Montréal. In 2013-2014, 10 festivals benefiting from Tourisme Montréal’s Event Assistance Program joined the Club TRIBU project. Created by Tourisme Montréal in partnership with Takt-etik, this program aims to help companies implement tangible projects focusing on sustainability within their 331 organization. Rankings 332 In 2011, Montréal ranked third among Canadian cities for its efforts to address climate change. In 2009, Montréal was ranked one of the five greenest cities by TreeHugger.com, a well-known 333 website providing central and reliable information on sustainability. Montréal is the first city in the world to have signed the National Geographic Society’s geotourism charter. This important recognition highlights Montréal’s constant commitment towards the effective management of sustainable tourist development. Thus, in June 2009, Tourisme Montréal and the City of Montréal launched the very first geotourism map and guide of the Island of 334 Montréal. In addition, Géotourisme, a magazine published yearly since 2010, presents Montréal is… 2015 – Updated February 2015 25 Montréal’s unique and exceptional features, as seen by Montréalers. The magazine is available in 335 paper and electronic formats and also has a mobile platform. In 2007, Montréal became the first city in the French-speaking world to be officially designed as a Regional Centre of Expertise for education on sustainable development. Granted by the United th Nations University, the title was announced during the 8 Colloque de Montréal en éducation 336 relative à l’environnement. Transport In 2009, the City of Montréal was honoured with a Climatic Leadership Award for its Transportation Plan. This award underlines the best initiatives to fight climate change. Montréal won the award for: o Its commitment to reduce 30% of the city’s greenhouse gas emissions by 2020 as compared to 1990; o Adopting a complete and detailed transportation plan; o Its opposition to projects that would result in an increase or would develop the use of 337 automobiles. In 2013, the STM deployed a new Sustainable Development Plan and signed a Sustainability Commitment with the American Public Transportation Association (APTA). In effect until 2020, the new Sustainable Development Plan aims to improve the current environmental management 338 system based on the ISO 14001 standard. In 2013, the STM and Nova Bus signed a partnership agreement to a test conductive quickcharging system. Three all-electric buses will undergo a non-passenger testing phase in 2015, and then be tested with the STM’s clientele from 2015 to 2018. This makes Montréal the first North-American city to take part in Volvo’s City Mobility program, which is geared towards 339 improving energy efficiency and reducing emission rates. In 2010 and again in 2011, the STM received the Special Merit Award for Commitment to the Environment at the International MetroRail convention in London. This award recognizes the leadership exhibited by the STM with regards to sustainable development and the strategy implemented to position public transportation as a wise environmental decision for the 340 population. The Montréal metro (subway) is also considered to leave the lowest carbon footprints in the 341 world. Since May 2009, Montréal has been offering the BIXI bike sharing service, which allows users to rent a bike at a station, use it as a means of transportation, and return it at any of the network’s 342 stations. Since 2000, Montréal’s airport is certified to ISO 14001 for its environmental management system, 343 which underwent a recertification audit in 2013. To read about more sustainable transport initiatives, refer to the Active Transportation and Urban Transportation sections. Urban planning Since 1997, Montréal has developed nearly a hundred green alleys. Initiated by voluntary citizens, the “Ruelles vertes” project finds local residents renaturalizing Montréal’s back alleys to reclaim 344 these spaces and improve the quality of urban life. Inaugurated in October 2011, the Centre for Sustainable Development houses the offices of various Québec environmental and social organizations. It also hosts an interpretation centre on sustainable building and several conference rooms. Located on Sainte-Catherine Street within a LEED Platinum certified building, the Centre acts as a sustainable development hub in the heart 345 of the city. To read about more green architecture initiatives, refer to the Architecture section. Montréal is… 2015 – Updated February 2015 26 Tourism industry Striving to address the major environmental issues facing the tourism industry, Tourisme Montréal has been making an ambitious green shift in collaboration with various actors of the tourism industry. o In 2009, Tourisme Montréal oversaw the creation of Montréal’s Tourism Industry Green Committee and three-fold Green Plan, with a vision to secure Montréal’s reputation as one of North America’s best tourist destinations in terms of integrating environmental practices. o The Green Plan has been implemented since 2011 and is updated every two years. The plan is designed to support the tourism industry’s efforts towards sustainable development, communicating good practices, giving visibility to actors involved and promoting the industry’s green approach towards professional associations and large organizations. Economy A joint venture of the Montréal Exchange and Chicago Climate Exchange, the Montréal Climate Exchange (MCeX) is a financial institution offering companies the flexibility to adjust to current environmental issues at a lower cost, while encouraging them to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions. The MCeX is a powerful tool in the fight against climate change. Its mission is to provide a transparent, honest and ethical marketplace to trade contracts related to air pollutant 346 and greenhouse gas emissions TOURISM Montréal is Canada’s second most popular city after Toronto for the number of visitors that the city welcomes every year. In 2012, approximately 26,625,000 people came to Montréal, of which 347 8,956,000 were tourists (stays of 24 hours and longer). Approximately 24,300 hotel rooms were available in the Montréal CMA in 2015. The average price of a short stay in Montréal (including two meals with wine, a one-night stay at the hotel for two people, a rental car (100 km) or public transportation and taxis and a few out-ofpocket costs (soft cover books, telephone calls, etc.) is approximately CAD 720. As such, rd st Montréal ranks 43 internationally among 72 cities (with 1 place going to the least expensive 349 city) for the price of a short stay, according to a 2012 Union des Banques Suisses (UBS) study. 348 TRIVIA It is not known how Sainte-Catherine Street got its name, but a number of hypotheses have been put forward: the street may have been named in honour of Catherine de Bourbonnais (1749th 1805), who lived on the street in the 18 century, or it may have been named after CatherineElizabeth, adopted daughter of Jacques Viger, the first mayor of Montréal, or it may bear the 350 name of the old country road that led to the Convent of the Sisters of Notre Dame. In 1792, Saint-Laurent Boulevard, a road that bisects the island, became the dividing line between 351 the city’s eastern and western sections. Approximately 30 antique shops line Notre-Dame Street West between Peel and Atwater, an area 352 known as Antique Alley. According to some forty influential Montréal personalities, the 15 symbols that most define Montréal are: o Mount Royal o The outdoor staircases of plexes o The Jacques Cartier Bridge and St. Lawrence River o The Montréal Canadiens Montréal is… 2015 – Updated February 2015 27 o o o o o o o o o o o Olympic Stadium Bagels Buckminster Fuller’s geodesic dome (Biosphère) Quartier des spectacles Orange Julep Place Ville Marie Habitat 67 Poutine Bixi The Farine Five Roses sign 353 Old Montréal. For Montréalers, the five symbols that most define their city are, in order: o Outdoor staircases; o Olympic Stadium; o The Montréal Canadiens ice hockey club; o Old Montréal; 354 o The Mount Royal cross. Established in 1854, the Notre-Dame-des-Neiges Cemetery on Mount Royal is Canada’s largest rd cemetery and the 3 largest in North America, with an area of 1.39 km 2. Approximately 55 km of routes and pathways crisscross the cemetery, which is the final resting place for over one million 355 people. Montréal has an authentic Guimard metro grille. A gift from the Régie autonome des transports parisiens to mark Expo 67, the metro grille (similar to the ones in Paris) was installed in 1967 at the Square-Victoria station entrance, near the Montréal Exchange tower in the Quartier 356 international. Montréal has approximately 1,200,000 public trees. Montréal is famous for its bagels, poutine and smoked meat. Montréal bagels are different from New York and Toronto bagels in that they are made with eggs and are baked in wood ovens. In comparison, New York bagels are made with water and are spongy, while Toronto bagels are 358 usually baked in gas ovens. The ruelle des Fortifications at the World Trade Centre is home to a piece of the Berlin Wall, th 359 which the German city gave to Montréal to mark the 350 anniversary of its founding. Montréal is one of the only major Canadian cities completely surrounded by water. After Halifax, Montréal has the largest number of Titanic victims buried in its cemeteries—12 in 361 all. John Lennon and Yoko Ono held their legendary Bed-In from May 26 to June 2 1969 in Suite 1742 at Fairmont The Queen Elizabeth hotel in downtown Montréal. There, surrounded by celebrities such as Tommy Smothers, Timothy and Rosemary Leary and Petula Clark, they wrote 362 the peace anthem, “Give Peace a Chance.” The cross on Mount Royal was built in 1924 in remembrance of the events of December 25 , 1642, when a flood threatened to wash away the early French colony. On January 6, 1643, Paul de Chomedey, Sieur de Maisonneuve, carried a cross by himself to the top of the mountain to give thanks to God for sparing Ville-Marie from the floodwaters. Fibre-optic lighting, installed when th 363 Montréal celebrated its 350 anniversary, now illuminates the cross. The first car accident in Montréal occurred on Saturday, August 11, 1906 on Sainte-Catherine 364 Street, claiming the life of one person—Antoine Toutant. Measuring a full 50 kilometres in length, Gouin Boulevard is the longest street in Montréal. 357 360 th Montréal is… 2015 – Updated February 2015 28 365 Montréal is considered the official balcony capital, with more than one and a half million balconies 366 (71% of metropolitan area residents have at least one). Following a winter snowstorm, the city of Montréal has more than 4,100 kilometres of streets and 367 6,550 kilometres of sidewalks to clear. 152 Montréal streets include the word “Saint” in their name. 8% of the residents of the Plateau neighbourhood declare themselves as artists on their tax 369 returns. This is 10 times the Canadian average of 0.8%. A young Frenchman by the name of Asseline de Ronval was the first tourist to visit Montréal in 370 1662. The Montréal melon is a green melon with a nutmeg taste that has been cultivated on the island of th Montréal since the 1700’s. In the 20 century, it became very popular with Americans and was very expensive at the time ($1.50 for one slice, the same as the cost of a piece of steak at the 371 time). In 1884, Montréaler Marcellus Gilmore Edson decided to patent peanut butter. 368 372 UNDERGROUND PEDESTRIAN NETWORK In 2007, National Geographic ranked Montréal’s Underground Pedestrian Network number one in 373 its top 10 list of the world’s best underground walking “tours”. Montréal’s underground pedestrian city connects: o 63 buildings; o 43 indoor parking areas; o 4,582 rooms in 9 hotels; o 8 metro stations; o 5 train stations and termini; o 10 university buildings; o 32 km of underground corridors; o 2,000 businesses; o movie theatres and other entertainment venues; o the Musée d’art contemporain; o the Musée Grévin; o the Bell Centre; 374 o convention centres and exhibition space. More than 500,000 people use the underground network every day. The underground city can be accessed through 190 different entrances. 375 376 URBAN TRANSPORTATION Public transportation: o Public transportation has changed a great deal since the first tram cars were pulled by horses along Notre-Dame Street. Metro construction began in 1962 and, four years later, the first metro car rolled along the tracks. Since then, lines have been added and 377 extended, with the most recent addition being three new stations in 2007. o The Société de transport de Montréal (STM) serves the Island of Montréal. The city’s public transportation system consists of five commuter train lines, four metro lines with 68 stations and 1,746 buses covering 220 routes, including 209 buses with wheelchair 378 access. o The Agence métropolitaine de transport (AMT) operates 5 commuter train lines covering 204 kilometres, one express city bus, 16 terminals, 61 park-and-ride areas that include Montréal is… 2015 – Updated February 2015 29 o o 30,731 parking spaces and 20 reserved lanes for a total of 85.2 kilometres of reserved 379 lanes in the metropolitan Montréal region. Municipalities to the west, northwest and southwest of the Island of Montréal are linked to downtown Montréal by five commuter trains. These trains (Montréal/Deux-Montagnes, Montréal/Vaudreuil-Hudson, Montréal/Blainville-StJérôme, Montréal/Mont-Saint-Hilaire, Montréal/Candiac) are completely integrated into the STM bus and metro system. 380 Montréal's metro is considered to have one of the lowest carbon footprints in the world. In 2011, the Champ-de-Mars station was named one of the world's most beautiful metro 381 stations. Although the number of cars on Montréal roads increased by 6% between 2003 and 2008, that same period saw a decrease in car usage. Montréal residents also increased their use of public 382 transportation by 10%. The Montréal taxi industry in 2011 : o Number of taxi license owners in Montréal: 4,437 o Number of taxi drivers in Montréal: 10,861, of which roughly 1.2% are women o Average age of drivers (male and female): 50 years old o Cost of a taxi ride: Cost at the start of a ride: $3.45 Taximeter rate: $1.70 per kilometre Cost for waiting: 63 cents per minute o In the City of Montréal, there are 269 taxis for every 100,000 residents. th o Montréal ranks 49 out of 73 cities worldwide for the cost of a 5-kilometre taxi ride in an urban area during the day with tip included, first place going to the most inexpensive 384 city. Montréal has 7 freeways and 18 bridges/tunnels allowing motorists to access and to leave the 385 island. In 2011, Montréal ranked 1 among international cities for the least painful commute, according to 386 a global survey performed by IBM. In 2010, 47% of Montréalers reported taking less than 30 387 minutes to get to their office or school. 383 st VIDEO GAMES Greater Montréal is known for its dynamic video game sector. The increasing overlap of the video 388 game and film industries has also considerably strengthened the development of the latter. Montréal boasts Canada’s only research chair on artificial intelligence for video games. Affiliated with the Université de Montréal, the NSERC-Ubisoft Industrial Chair on Learning Representations 389 for Immersive Video Games was created in 2011. In 2010, Warner Bros Games, a subsidiary of Warner Bros, settled in Montréal. In 2012, the studio created the game Batman Arkham City for Wii. The company plans to employ 500 people by 390 2018. In 1997, Ubisoft opened a studio in Montréal. In 2014, Ubisoft Montréal, who designed such popular games as Assassin's Creed, Prince of Persia and Watch Dogs, was crowned Studio of 391 the Year at the Golden Joystick Awards in London. Assassin’s Creed, one of the most profitable games ever made, was produced in Montréal. Montréal is indeed considered to be one of the world’s biggest centres for video game 392 production. Montréal boasts an enviable reputation throughout the world for its video game sector. In 2014, Cloudcade, a California start-up specializing in mobile gaming, announced the opening of a studio 393 in Greater Montréal. Montréal is… 2015 – Updated February 2015 30 VISUAL AND SPECIAL EFFECTS Montréal is strengthening its position as a global creativity and innovation centre in the visual effects sector. In 2013, there was a substantial increase in the number of contracts, foreign 394 productions and plans carried out in Québec, compared to 2012. Today, Montréal is internationally renowned as a leader in visual effects expertise. In fact, in February 2012, Montréal launched the seventh section of the Visual Effects Society, a non-profit society dedicated to advancing the arts, sciences, and applications of visual effects and to 395 improving the welfare of its members. On average, Montréal secures between 30 to 50 special effects contracts for big-budget movies 396 per year, each worth approximately 5 to 6 million dollars. There are 50 cutting-edge film studios in Montréal, including one of the largest ones in North 2 2 America: Studio H at Mel’s Cité du cinema, which spans 36,500 ft (3 346 m ) and is located five 397 minutes away from downtown Montréal. In 2013, Framestore, one of the three biggest animation and visual effects studios for the television and film industry, settled in Montréal to serve its primarily Hollywood and New York clientele. In early January 2014, Cinesite, a British company specializing in special effects for film, opened a studio in Montréal. Its first mandate consisted of designing the special effects of The Man from U.N.C.L.E., directed by Guy Ritchie. Moving Picture Company also settled in Montréal 398 in February 2013. On September 25 2014, Atomic Fiction, a California-based company known throughout the world for its work on such productions as Star Trek Into Darkness, Transformers: Age of Extinction, Need for Speed, and Flight, announced its decision to open a subsidiary in Greater Montréal. The 399 visual effects studio plans to create 100 jobs. In March 2014, the French company BUF, a European leader in the animation and visual effects industry, announced its decision to open a subsidiary in Greater Montréal. BUF has contributed to the artistic success of over 75 films, including Fight Club and Avatar. The company has also 400 worked on over 800 advertisements. Montréal is internationally renowned for its creativity in the field of technological entertainment and imaging software. About 80% of the visual effects and animation software programs used 401 throughout the world were developed in Montréal. Films such as Titanic, Jurassic Park, Godzilla and Spy Kids used software that was made in Montréal to create their special effects. Others, such as Mr. Magorium’s Wonder Emporium and 402 Avatar, entrusted Montréal studios with realizing their visual effects. th Montréal is… 2015 – Updated February 2015 31 SOURCES The information presented in this document was taken from or is based on the following sources: Access 1 Google maps, http://maps.google.com, réf. d’octobre 2014. Agence des services frontaliers du Canada. « Autoroute – Bureau frontalier terrestre ». Répertoire des bureaux de l’ASFC, http://www.cbsa-asfc.gc.ca/do-rb/menu-fra.html, réf. d’octobre 2014. 3 Aéroports de Montréal. 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Montréal is… 2015 – Updated February 2015 45 Les calculs informatisés découlant de ces microdonnées ont été réalisés par Recherche Resolutions Inc, pour le compte du Consortium Cities, et l'auteur est seul et pleinement responsable de l'utilisation et de l'interprétation de ces données. 348 Communication courriel avec Tourisme Québec, janvier 2015. 349 Union des Banques Suisses (UBS). Prices and Earnings, édition 2012, septembre 2012, 45 pages. 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