Instron Operational Manual

Transcription

I«>D£L 4204
I8SCR.IP'rIOH
LOADING PRAME
AIm OPERATING IHSTROC'l'IOHS
:"-'
.',
DC-11 SO~pl~er1t
INSTRON CORPORATION
CAN'l'ON, MASSACHUSEII-1'S
c
Manu~l
...to",'
:.,;;.'
No.' Mt:O:"'4200-
I8SCRIPrIOR
I«)DBL 4204 UM.DIRG PRAME
ARD OPBRATIRG IRS'l'Roc-lIOBS
TABLE OF (X)IPl'BIrrS
*** DIPORTAIrl' ~***
Chapters
7, 8, 9 aDd Appendices
A, B and C, as listed
in the Table of Contents
in Manual No. Ml0-4200-1,
pertain
to the Model 4204 testing
instrument.
Chapter
1.0 DrrROOOcrlOIi
2.0
SPEIFICA'l'IOMS
3.0
Sy~
IZSCR.IP'fIOH
3.1 General
Characteristics
3.2 Model Differences
3. 3
~ad
ing
3.3.1
3.3.2
3.4
3-1
3-3
3-3
3-3
3-3
3-3
3-3
3-4
3-4
Fr ame
Structural
Crosshead
Design
Drive
- Mechanical
3.3.3
System Power and Cabling
3.3.4
Crosshead
Positional
Control
~ad
Weighing
System
3.4.1
~ad
Cells
(See ~able
re8ainder
of
of
Contents in Manual Ro. M10-4200-1
O1apter 3.)
for
4 . 0 IRSDLLATIOB
4.1
4.2
4.3
Unpacking
Transporting
Initial
Installation
4.3.1
Preliminary
COnsiderations
4.3.2
Leveling
of Loading
Frame
4.3.3
Interconnection
of Units
4.3.4
Power Requirements
4.3.5
Nonstandard
Main Power
4.3.6
Frame to COnsole Power Cabling
4.3.7
Main Power COnnection
5.0 DBSCRIP'fIOR 01' ~XD-J
I
~ars
5.1 Loading Frame
5.1.1 Identification
of
5.1.2 Connector Panel
5.1.3 Power
5.1.4 Control
(Refer
Components
Amplifier
Panel
4-1
4-1
4-1
4-1
4-3
4-4
4-4
4-5
4-5
5-1
5-1
5-4
5-5
5-6
Section 5.2, for
of COntrol COnsole c~=~~nent8.)
bO Manual Ro. .10-4200-1,
a description
5-7
5-7
5-1
5.3 ~ad Cells
5.3.1 General Characteristics
5.3.2 Series 2519 Load Cells
MODEL4204
4-1
(CC-11S0)
111
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLEor ~u-rS
(continued)
Chapter
6.0 PRBPARI!IG FOR OPBRATIOM
Refer
to tbis
listing
6.11.
POr all
other
for operation,
refer
Sections
6.1 througb
6.7
for contents
of Sections
6.7,
6.8 and
details
about preparing
the Model 4204
to Cbapter
6 of
Manual Mo. MIO-4200-1,
6.6,6.9
and 6.10.
Installing
a Load Cell
6.7.1
Installation
of Series
2518 Load
6.7.2
Installation
of Other
Load Cells
6.7.3
Crosshead
and Baseplate
Mounting
6.8
Bole
Installation
of Grips
and Fixtures
for Tension
and Compression
Testing
6.8.1
Selecting
Grips
and Fixtures
6.8.2
Installing
Grips
for Tension
Testing
6.8.3
Installing
Fixtures
for Compression
6.11 Setting
Preload
6-1
6-1
6-2
6-2
Cells
Patterns
6-4
6-4
6-4
6-4
Testing
Levers
LIS'! or ILLOS'fRA'!IORS
Figure
No.
Instron
-1
3-1
Model
4204 Universal
Functional
Block
Diagram
o~ Model 4204 Testing
Testing
Instrument
3-2
System
4-2
4-4
4-5
4-2
4-3
Cabling
Control
Changing
5-1
5-2
5-3
Model 4204 Loading Frame Components and Controls
Loading Frame Connector Panel
Control
Panel
5-3
wad
6-2
4-1
6-9a
6-9b
6-9c
6-9d
Installation
for Model 4204
Console
Internal
Connectors
Input
Line Voltage
Adapter
Cell
Adapter
Moving Crosshead
Mounting Bole Pattern
Moving Crosshead Mounting Bole Pattern
Baseplate
Mounting Bole Pattern
LIS'r
Table
- Tbp
- Botto.
5-4
5-6
6-3
6-3
6-3
01' TABLBS
No.
4-3
4-4
4-1
4-2
Recorder/Extensometer
Line Voltage Selection
5-1
Series 2518 Load Cells
Grip Couplings
for Series 2518 Load Cells
Compression Anvils
for Series 2518 !.Dad Cells
5-2
5-3
MODEL 4204
(DC-llS0)
iv
Option
Cables
5-7
5-8
5-8
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0
IIr.rROOOCl' lOR
instruments,
includes
a basic panel
and up to three optional
front panel
sections.
The controls
on these
panels offer
the operator
complete
communication
with
the
system
through a numeric keypad, pushbutton
selection
switches
and LCD displays.
Optional
interfacing
is
available
for an X-I or strip
chart
recorder,
extensometer
signal conditioners,
the
Instron
Microcon
II
data
analyzer
and a programmable
computer.
These control
and readout
options
may be specified
initially
with the testing
instrument
or added
later
to extend its capabilities.
Instron
universal
testing
instruments are highly
reliable
precision
systems for evaluating
the mechanical properties
of materials.
The
advantages
of
these
systems,
as
accurate
and versatile
tools,
make
them equally
adaptable
to research
and development
requirements
as to
the repetitive
testing
applications
of production
quality
control.
The Instron
4200 series
of universal
testing
instruments
are electromechanical
devices
employing
the
latest
technology
in order
to provide the optimum in materials
testing systems.
This manual describes
the Model 4204 of the series,
which
consists
of
a
loading
frame
The purpose
of this
manual
is to
provide
the user with
a basic
understanding
of
the
testing
instrument
and its
principles
of operation.
It
contains
the operating
instructions,
specifications,
component
and control
descriptions,
installation
pro-
and
standard 4200 series control
console
as separate assemblies.
The loading
frame can be either
a basic
tablemounted unit
or floor-mounted
when
equipped with an optional
stand with
casters.
The ~el
cedures
and
an
introduction
to
materials
testing.
A glossary
of
terms related
to materials
testing
is also included.
4204 frame has a load
capacity
of up to 50 kN (11,250 lb,
5000 kg).
This frame is designed
for testing
materials
in either
tension or compression,
and will
accept
the full
line of Instron
grips,
extensometers
and fixtures
that
are
included
within
its
load capabilities.
The range of load cells
for
use with
this
frame,
ensures
the
accuracy
and repeatability
of test
results.
The microprocessor-based
console,
which is standard
with
the
4200 series
of
MODEL4204
(DC-1150)
Other manuals
provide
maintenance
instructions,
reference
drawings
and
parts
lists
for the system.
For detailed
information
about
the complete line of lnstron
testing
equipment,
for consultation
on test
programs,
or for
inquiries
on the
operation
or
maintenance
of
the
equipment,
contact
your
local
lnstron
Regional
Sales and Service
center
listed
on the back cover of
control
for use
testing
this
1-
manual.
INTRODUCTION
2.0
Capacity
I
--
150
Force Bating:
(tension
and CX>8preasion
below 8)9 log croaabead)
SP8:UICATIOHS
kN,
25 kN
5,000
1,250 lb
kg,
-
-
-
(5,625 lb) up to 500 mm/min (20 in/min)
50 kN (11,250 lb) up to 100 mm/min (4 in/.in)
-
--
Wad Range:
(..ing
intercbaogeable
load cells)
o.
!Dad Weigbing
i11 of reading
to 1/50
i1 count of the display
N to 50 kN, 5,000
kg ( 10 9 to 11,250 lb)
Systea
ccw:acy
at digital
r;ea&>ut ~es80r;y
or;
analog
output:
of
load
cell
capacity
-
Strain ~asuring
Systea
ccuracy
at digital
readout .:cessory
or
analog output:
~8ition
accuracy
aeasuCe881t
(I¥> load):
Position
aeasure8ei1t
repeatability
(no loaa):
to.1
speed
range:
0.05
Crosabead
speed
-=CU1'~.Y:
~0.2'
speed:
Crossbead
(0.004
to.os -
Cro88head
Return
..
to
to.20..
alig~t:
atiffneea.
7S kN/18
Crossbead uavel:
(witb sccew ~eca
and base adapter ~
e&cluding
load cell
and fiztucea)
're8ting
(8a8ple)
Lateral:
Front to R-=k:
MODEL 4204
100 ..
(20
(0.008
(0.20
of
displacement
in.
500 mal_in
500 mm/min
to.511mB
Azial
(0.002
over
or ~O.15'
in.
(0.002
to
20 in/ain)
(4 in.)
in/min)
in.
in.)
oyer 25..
oyer total
(1 in.)
trayel
travel
1 x 106 lb/in)
1170- (46 in.
space
560 18 (22 in.
Unlimited
(DC-1150)
2-1
SPECIFICATIONS
SP8::IPICATIOHS
Praae
(CX>Qt.)
tlJDBL
4204
diaensions
Heigbt:
width:
Depth:
Weigbt:
(71.65
1820
rom
2293
1000
mm(90.3
DID
-
650
288 kg
363 kg
in.)
in.)
(39.4
(25.6
(634
(799
without
with
base
base
in.)
in.)
lb)
lb)
without
base
with
base
Q)nsole diaensioDs
285
DID (11.2
in.)
540 mm (21.3
in.)
535 DUD (21.1
in.)
requires
75 DUD (3 in.)
28 kg (61.7
lb)
Heigbt:
Width:
~ptb:
Weight:
~wer require8eilts
~ltage:
Frequency:
~wer :
100/120/220/240
47 to 63 Hz
2000 VA max.
clearance
VAC %10',
single
behind
console
phase
Dlvironaeotal
require881tB
Operating
te.peraturez
Star age te8per ature:
Baaidity:
+10.
to +30.C (+50.
to +86.P)
(can be field
adjusted
for use up to +38.C
(+100.P»
-30.C
to +50.C (-22.
to +122.P)
10' to 901 (noncondensing)
The Model 4204 meets ASTM E4, BS 1610
(1985)
Grade 1.0,
and AFNOR NFA03-501
Class
1 for load weighing
accuracy.
E83, B-2, C and D, and BS 384~ Grades C and D for
strain
with
certain
Instron
extensometers.
Instron
notice.
Instron's
Corporation
reserves
the right
The performance
specifications
standard
procedures.
MODEL 4204
(CC-11S0)
DIN 51221 Class
1,
It also meets ASTM
measuring
accuracy
to change specifications
above are developed
2-2
in
without
accordance
with
SPECIFICATIONS
3.0
Sysora DBSCRIPrIOR
3.1 GBRBRALCBARA~IS'l'ICS
central
processing
unit
(CPU).
The
crosshead
control
network
in
the
console
allows
programmable
crosshead
speeds
and provides
digital
control
of
the
crosshead
position.
The operating
mode of
the
console
data entry
and readout
functions
can
be in English,
metric
or 5.1.
units,
as selected
by a switch.
A status
indicator
on the basic
panel
shows
the system of units
selected.
An Instron
4200 series
universal
testing
instrument
is comprised
of
two major
systems:
a crosshead
drive
and control
system,
which
applies
tensile
or compressive
loading
to a
specimen;
and
a highly
sensitive
load weighing
system,
which measures
the loading
of a specimen.
Figure
3-1
is
a functional
block
diagram
showing
the interfacing
of these
two
systems,
and the signal
flow
within
the overall
instrument.
The action
of the moving crosshead during
a test - stop,
return,
cycle
- may be controlled
manually
by pushbutton
switches
or automatically
by the functions
provided
by
an optional
Limits
Panel.
These
functions
may be based on the applied
load, extension
or strain,
or
to a specimen break detection.
The basic
operation
of the instrument
consists
of
selecting
a
load cell
for a particular
testing
application,
mounting the load cell
in the moving crosshead
within
the
loading
frame, then setting
a specimen in position
so that an applied
load can be measured.
The specimen
is held by grips
for tension
testing,
or is table-mounted
for compression
testing.
If strain
measurement
is
required,
an optional
strain
gage or elastomeric
extensometer is attached
to the specimen.
Tensile
or compressive
forces
are
applied
when the moving crosshead is
operated by two vertical
leadscrews.
A CPU controlled
sensor
conditioner
board in the load weighing
system allows
calibration
and balance
procedures
to
be performed
automatically
after
being initiated
by the operator.
The sensor conditioner
provides
both
an unranged
analog and an automatically
ranged
digital
load signal
output
suitable
for
several
types
of
optional
readout devices.
During a test,
results
occur as
tracked
(instantaneous)
values
of
load, extension
and strain
or, after
a test,
as stored
break
and peak
values of these parameters.
Tbtal
energy and load and energy values at
preset points
are also available
as
stored parameters.
Several
choices
of analog and digital
type devices
are
obtainable
as
options
for
viewing
and recording
test
Optional
readouts
for
test
results
include:
a Display
Panel for
viewing
load,
extension
and strain
measurements
(strain
measurements
require
an additional
one or two
strain
sensor conditioner
boards);
a
Recorder
Panel and recorder
board
for
interfacing
an X-Y or
strip
chart
recorder,
and an 80 character
wide printer.
An optional
interface
for
the
Instron
Microcon
II
provides
a user with
the capability
of
obtaining
complete
test
results
through
fully
automated
processing.
results.
The console
for the testing
instrument provides
control,
data acquisition
and data readout functions
for the loading
frame.
All operations
are directed
by a crystal
controlled,
mlcroprocesso~-based
MODEL 4204
(DC-1150)
The capability
is provided
in
console
for
optionally
adding
3-
the
an
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
Figure
MODEL4204
3-1.
Functional
Block
(DC-1150)
Diagram of Model 4204 Basic
3-2
Testinq
System
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
provides
the mechanical
drive
for
the moving crosshead.
This motor,
located
on top of the base behind
the
left-hand
column,
is
coupled
through
a multi-V
belt
and timing
belt
to the leadscrew
drive
pulleys.
The use of a timing
belt
between
the pulleys
provides
synchronism of the driving
force to the
IEEE-488
interface.
This
is a General
Purpose
Instrument
Bus
(GPIB)
which allows
remote
supervisory
control
of
test
procedures
through
a
programmable
3.2
Jl)DEL
computer.
DIFFBRBNCBS
The Model 4204 uses the standard
control
console
common to all
4200
series
instruments.
Each
loading
frame
is different,
however,
and is
identified
by the console
through
a
special
resistor.
This
identification
process
allows
the
automatic
setting
of pa£ameters
unique
to each
system,
such as maximum testing
and
return
speeds.
leadscrews
alignment
3.3.3 Systea
and Cabling
The main
power
switch
for
the
system
is
located
on the
loading
frame
in
front
of
the
right-hand
column.
When this
switch
is actuated,
power is applied
to the loading
frame and console.
3.3.4 crossbead Positional
which is the leadscrew
upper bearing
carrier.
The entire
assembly
is on
a base which encloses
the mechanical
drive
train
for the system.
Model
4204
~ive
loading
The control
loop for the motor
includes
an
incremental
encoder
mounted on an intermediate
shaft
in
the drive
train
for the crosshead.
This optical
device
provides
positional
feedback information
by generating one pulse
for
eACh 0.1
- Mechanical
A permanent magnet type DCmotor
(DC-1150)
COntrol
The control
of the moving crosshead is developed
from
a commanded
testing
speed
and direction,
programmed at the console,
which begins
to generate
a crosshead
positional
error
signal
when the test
starts.
frame is designed for table-top
use,
but an optional
stand is available
(Catalog
No. 3610-018)
that
allows
the unit
to be floor
mounted.
The
floor
stand includes
a large storage
drawer, casters
and leveling
pads.
MODEL4204
vertical
crosshead.
A multitap
transformer,
located
within
the base, allows
the system
to accept
input
voltages
of
100,
120, 220 or 240 VAC, single
phase,
by simply altering
the input connector.
Located behind the hinged connector
panel
is the frame-console
interface
(frame board),
the power
controller
for
the crosshead
drive
motor, and a motor relay.
Additional
supporting
structure
includes
two columns which enclose
the
leadscrews,
and a top
plate
3.3.2 Crosshead
Po~r
ensures
moving
Design
The basic
design
of the frame
for
the Model 4204 is a loading
system consisting
of
two vertical
leadscrews,
a moving crosshead and a
baseplate
which is the lower bearing
carrier
for
the leadscrews.
The
leadscrews
are a highly
efficient
ball
screw type,
separated
from the
testing
area by bellows covers.
All
testing,
tension
and compression,
is
done between the crosshead
and the
baseplate.
This type of design adds
to the stiffness
of the system.
The basic
the
Main
power
to
the
Model
4204
system
is applied
at a panel
on the
rear of the loading
frame base.
The
panel
also contains
an AC outlet
for
the
COntrol
COnsole
power
cable,
system
fuses
and
other
cabling
connections
to the frame.
3. 3 WADING FRAME
3.3.1 Structural
and
of
3-3
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
micrometer
(0.000003937
in.)
displacement
of the crosshead.
This
signal
is applied
to the crosshead
control
board in the console,
subtracted
fro.
the command and the
difference
expressed
as an analog
error signal.
each
cell,
which
makes
possible
automatic
recognition
by a microprocessor.
This simplifies
the calibration
and balancing
procedure
and
enables
the
setting
of
electronic
load
limits
to safeguard
the cell.
The Series
2518 load cells
plug
directly
into
a preamplifier,
mounted on the rear of the moving
crosshead,
which
provides
a noise-free
high level
signal
to the load sensor
conditioner
in the control
console.
The error
signal
is applied
bo
a power controller
which use. silicon controlled
rectifiers
(SCals) bo
proportionally
control
the duration
and sign (t) of current
pulses supplied
bo the crosshead drive
motor.
The ~tor
drives
the crosshead,
at
the preset speed and test direction,
minimizing
the error
signal.
All
load cells
are mounted on
the
moving
crosshead.
Bowever,
certain
cells
for coapression
only
can be IW)unted on the baseplate
of
the loading
frue.
3.4 (DAD WBICMING Sx~
3.4. 1 10M
Ce1.1..
A series
of adapter
couplings,
either
the
self-aligning
type
or
rigid,
are available
for
use when
tension
testing.
These coupling8
cover the co.plete
range of Instron
grips
u8able
within
the
loading
capacity
of the Model 4204.
The
A number of load cells
are usable
in the load
weighing
system
of
the fk>del
4204.
The complete
line
of existing
Instron
tension
or co.pression
load cells,
either
electrically
or mechanically
calibrated
and
within
the loading
range of the syste.,
are easily
adaptable.
Instron
Series
2518
lower grip
is
in a ba8eplate
Cat.
are directly
include
the
No.
2518-703
2518-202
2518-209
2518-204
2518-205
2518-206
- -
interchangeable.
following
types:
Capacity
When co.pression
testing,
an
anvil
is pinned to the load cell
spindle and a table is 8Ounted on
the baseplate.
The faces of the
(2,500
kg, 5,000 Ib)
(1,000
kg, 2,000 Ib)
(500 kg, 1,000 Ib)
(100 kg, 200 Ib)
(10 kg, 20 Ib)
(1 kg, 2 lb)
anvil
and table
are held parallel
by
a locknut,
which
also
removes backlash
fro.
the
syste8.
Anvils
and
tables
are available
in several
diameters
rated
for
use within
specified
loading
capacitie8.
Maxiaua
25 kN
10 kN
5 kN
1 kN
100 N
10 N
Series
2518 cells
are rationalized
with
a sensitivity
of 2mv/v at
full
rated
output
in either
the tension or co.pression
8Ode.
A feature
of
these
cells
is self
identifica-
tion through a resistor,
MODEL 4204
8Ounted
Selt-alignin9'
couplings
for
the
upper grip
are pinned
to an adapter
couplin9'
which
is also pinned
to the
load
cell
spindle.
The design
of
this
double-pinned
connection,
with
the pins
90. apart,
allows
the grip
to align
with
the lower grip.
tension-
compression
load cells
are normally
used on the Model 4204.
The standard load cell
is Catalog
!b.
2518702, which has a maximua capacity
of
50 kN (5000 kg, 10,000 lb).
Other
Series
2518 cells
are
available
which
These
always
rigidly
adapter.
(DC-1150)
~
Refer
bo Manual
Bb.
MI0-4200-1
for Section 3.4.2 (Load Sensor
COnditioner) and tbe re.ainder
unique to
of Q14pter J.
3-4
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
.
4 0 IBS1'ALLA'fIOR
After
use one
transport
4. 1 ORPACKIIIG
The Instron
Model 4204 testing
instrument
is carefully
packed for
shipment.
The loading
frame
is
bolted
onto a wooden skid in an upright
position,
or crated in a horizontal
position
for export.
If a
'loor
Stand (Catalog
No. 3610-018)
is included
with the initial
order,
it
is
shipped
installed
on the
loading
removing
the shipping
skid,
of the following
methods
to
the loading
fraae:
1. Use a forklift
blades
inserted
ing crosshead.
with
padded
under the mov-
.h Use a rope sling
under
the
moving crosshead
with
a 500 kg
(1000 lb) minimum capacity.
frame.
3.
loading
frame
is
a floor
stand,
then it can be easily
moved on
the casters
after
the skid is
re80ved.
Raise the leveling
pads for clearance.
4. 3.1 Prel~inary
Considerations
The
design
of
the
Model
4204
testing
instrument
allows
a flexibility
in installation
layout.
The
equiP8ent
units
- loading
fraae
and
console
- may be positioned
side by
The loading
fraae may be transported,
either
before
or after
removing the shipping
skid by using
a
fork
lift
with a 500 kg (1000 Ib)
capacity.
side,
or
with
wall.
connections
installed
in
separate
rooms
made through
a
The floor
area
where
the
Model
4204 will
be set
up for
operation
must
have
the
structural
strength
required
for
support I loading
fraae
- 273 kg (600 lb)
without
the floor
TO remove the skid
froa
the loading frame,
use a fork
lift
with
padded
blades.
Carefully
insert
the
blades
under
the
8Oving
crosshead
between the coluans.
DO HOT use top
plate
on columns
for lifting
frame.
stand,
floor
364
stand,
kg
(800
console
lb)
with
- 28 kg
the
(62
lb).
Also,
the tables
for ~unting
the loading
fraae
(without
the floor
stand)
and the console
should
place
these
units
at the proper
height
for
operator
access.
Support
tables,
specifically
designed
for
the Model
4204, are available
fro.
Instron.
{:~~~~!~~]
After
tbe skid
is reao.ed
fr08
tbe loading
fr.-,
do oot atte8Pt
to transport
it
witb
a
fork
lift
inserted
beneatb
tbe
base
(or
floor
stand
if
80
equipped),
as tbis
could
daaage the UI¥Ierside.
(DC-1150)
the
4. 3 IBI'r IAL IBS"rALLA'rIOB
4. 2 'l'RAE R>ft IBG
MODEL 4204
If
equipped with
After
re80ving
the equipaent
from
the containers,
use the packing list
to inventory
all
items.
Note that
some accessories
may be packed in
with the loading
frame or console,
or packaged separately.
Locate the
Return
Goods Authorization
(RGA)
tags
included
with
the units
and
save for
future
use if
service
is
required.
Retain shipping
material
until
systea
is
satisfactorily
installed.
4.3.2 Leveliog of Loading Pr.-e
4-1
with
The loading
fraae
is
supplied
four leveling
pads (feet).
If
it
is
to be table-mounted,
thread
INSTALLATION
4
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~
MODEL 4204
CDC-1150)
4-2
INSTALLATION
pad into each corner of the base before placing
the frame on a table.
After
the instrwaent
is ~unted
in
its operating
po8ition,
level
the
loading
frame.
Place a bubble level
on the base near the center
of the
two columns.
Then adjust
the four
pads, either
on the base if tablemounted or on the floor
stand, until
the frame is level
in both side-toside and front-to-back
directions.
4.3.3
Interconnection
8)'fB
Leave as long
a trailing
loop
as possible
on the {Dad Cell
cable,
W4, between
the
frame
clamp and the moving crosshead
clamp,
as this
cable
travels
with
the moving
cro8shead
and
must extend
to nearly
the full
height
of the fraae.
e. If optional
equipment
(recorder
and strain
extensometers)
are
included
with
the
system,
install
the cables
at
this
time or later
a8 required
(see Section
6.10).
of Units
The cabling
necessary
to interconnect
the loading
frame and console of the ~el
4204 is shown in
Figure
4-1.
Not shown is cabling
supplied
for
optional
accessories
that may be included
with the basic
units.
Table 4-1 is a listing
of
the
cable
asseablies
for optional
recorders
and
strain
extensoaeters
that connect internally
in the console (see Figure 4-2).
K)TB
It is reco8mended that a clear
space of at least 1 meter (3
feet) be left
behind the instrument
to provide
service
access and to avoid damaging
the interconnecting
cables.
Install
~
left
the cabling
Table
the
sliding
latch
.a follows;
panel
~
lit-turn
straight
Remove screws
W3/W4 cable clamp
sole,
and
as shown in Figure
the
con-
Console;
Conn.
X-Y Recorder
(3 types)
A5( .-21
A5C"-87
A5C.-92
J9
J9
J9
Strip
Olart
Recorder
A504-20
J9
Plug
female
end of !Dad
Cell Cable, W4 (ASO4-18), into
LOAD connector
(J6)
in
the
console.
Feed
this
cable
through the W4 cla8p8 on console and frame.
ASO4-19
(ASO4-68
Adapter)
XL Extens.
ASO4-19
(ASO4-67
Adapter)
Lwr Extens.
A504-19
IJ7 or J8
Je
J8
f. Connect ribbon-type
Prameto-Conaole
Interface
Cable, W3
(ASO4-106),
between connector
d. Install
male connector
of
W4 cable into clamp on moving
J5 in console and connector J2
4-1).
(DC-1150)
Strain
Gage
Extensometer
4-1.
~
MODEL 4204
Cable
ABay.
back.
holding
on the
orosshead (see Figure
Recorder/Extensometer
Option
Cables
Optional
Accessory
Remove corner
panel
fro.
rear of console by rotat-
ing
4-1.
4-3
INSTALLATION
not the North American
standard,
the
power
input
connector,
J5,
on the
loading
frame connector
panel
can be
altered
to accept
other
voltages
in
the range of 90 to 250 VAC, 50-60 Hz
(see Table 4-2).
~
Jl:)del 4204 is intended
to
operate
froa
a single
pbase,
t.o-wire
grounded power source
that does oot apply 8>re than
250 vol ts r88 bet~n
the supply <»lMJuctors or bet~n
the
UDg'rounded
supply
<»lMJuctors
and ground.
A 3-wire grounded
power cable
is essential
for
safe operation.
Figure
4-2. Control
Internal
Table
Console
Connectors
4-2.
Line
Voltage
Selection
on frame connector
panel,
as
shown in Figure
4-1.
Ensure
that connectors
are fully
engaged and clamped in place.
g. Position
all
cables
in the
W3/W4 clamps
and install
the
screws
removed
in Step bJ do
not over tighten
clamps
as this
will
crimp
the cables.
m'rB
If
4.3.4 Powr
Requir~t.
The Model 4204 instrument
is set
at
the
factory
to
accept
a main
power
input
of
120 ~10 VAC, single
phase,
50-60 Hz (the
North
American
standard).
A 10-foot,
3-wire
power
cable
(A504-89)
for
that
voltage
is
included.
If the power source
to be
used is this
standard
voltage,
proceed to Section
4.3.6,
Frame to Console
Power Cabling.
If not,
follow
the instructions
in Section
4.3.5.
the
power
MODEL4204
source
to
be used
(DC-1150)
Model
4204
system
is
to
Brown - high
(live)
Light Blue - low (neutral)
Green'
Yellow - earth/ground
TO adapt
the
Model 4204 for
a
different
line voltage,
change power
input connector,
J5, on the loading
4.3.5 Ronstandard Main Power
If
the
be adapted
for
200-250
VAC
operation,
the
power
cable
(A504-89)
must be altered
by
adding
a male plug
that
is
specified
for
that
power
source
outlet.
Observe
the
following
CEE wire color
code
for the cable:
frame connector panel as follows:
is
4-4
INSTALLATION
a. Insert
a sharp pointed
tool
into
the middle
of the connector
and pry out the fuse
holder,
as shown in
Figure
4-3.
The nuaber placed at the
top when the holder is in position
shows the voltage
taps
selected
on the main power
transformer.
This
is
voltage
which
is
to
for system operation.
the
be
fuse,
F2, in connector,
J5,
should be a 15 amp, 3AB type
(Instron
Part
No. 27-2-100).
Por 200-250 VAC operation,
an
8 aap, 3AB type (Instron
Part
No. 27-2-53)
should be used.
Both types of fuses are supplied with the system.
line
used
4.3.6
Praae
bo COnsole
Power
Cabling
Connect
the Console
Power Cable,
W2 (A504-88),
between J1 on the console
connector
panel
and J4 on the
frame connector
panel.
In this
.anner,
the console
always
receives
120
VAC for
any lIain
power that
is applied
to the loading
frame.
b. Change the fuse (P2) in the
hOlder,
if required
(see NOTS
below).
Rotate the fuse holder until
the desired
voltage
is at the top and press the
holder
firaly
back into
the
connector.
[:~~~!~~]
Ik) fX>t ~nnect
the
~Dt1:ol
~D80le
to any vol tage source
other
than 120 :t10 ftC,
50-60
Sa.
4.3.7 Rain Power Connection
Check that
the .ain
power switch
on the front
of the loading
fraae
is
OFF.
Then plug
the
Input
Power
Cable,
W1 (ASO4-89),
into
a convenient,
properly
grounded
wall
outlet
of the correct
voltage.
'Ib
avoid
elecu
ic
po.er
cable
grounding
tor aust be properly
Bbock,
tbe
a)nducgrounded.
~
Figure
4-3. Changing
Voltage
Input
Line
The Model 4204 is installed
at
this
point.
The user should
become familiar
with
the instrument
and its controls
and
operating
procedur..
before
turning
it on.
Adapter
8)IrB
For
100-130 VAC operation,
MODEL 4204
(DC-1150)
the
4-5
INSTALLATION
5.0
DBSCRIPrIOB
OP SYS'rg
5. 1 IDADIHG PRAllE
5.1. 1
Identification
of
<X8IPORBR'rS
9. PRELOAD NUT - a nut,
mounted
on
each
leadscrew
beneath
the
moving crosshead,
which positions
Cb8ponents
a drive
The main components
of the Model
4204 Loading
Frame are shown in Figure 5-1 and are identified
and described
below.
"1. WADING FRAME - the
part
2.
within
the
-
the
loading
MOVING CROSSBEAD
of
LOAD CELL
the
-
transducer
in
the
head which precisely
applied
load.
first
level
li.it
switch
is ac~uthe crosshead
stops
(as if
the STOP key was pressed)
and the
TRAVEL status
laap on the Control
Console
lights.
TO restore
operation,
either
slide
the
Limit
Stop
on the
rod
away fro.
the
actuator,
or pres.
the appropriate function
key (UP/DOWH/JOG on
the Console
Control
Panel,
or JOG
on the Loading
Fraae Control
Panel)
that
will
drive
the crosshead
in a direction
away fro.
the limit switches.
~,
mov ing
frame
calibrated
moving
crossmeasures
the
4. UPPERGRIP COUPLING- the con'nection between the upper grip or
co.pression
anvil
and the load
cell.
The second
level
limit
switch
acts as a fail-safe
device
if a
first
levelli8it
switch does not
function.
When a second level
liait
switch
actuated,
the
drive
motor relay
is deenergized
and the crosshead
stops.
The
TRAVEL and MOTORstatus
laaps on
the Control
Console light
as indicators
of this
condition.
Tb
reset the system after
contacting
a second level
l~it
switchz
set
the .ain
power switch
to OFF,
then either
slide
the Limit
Stop
away from the actuator
to release
the switch,
or use the manual
positioning
control
(Ite.
24) to
move the crosshead
away from the
switch
(see WA88X8G at Itea 24).
S. PREAMPLIPIER
- aaplifie8
the
low
level
output
signal
of
the
load
cell.
By 8)unting
the preamplifier
near the load cell,
an
accurate
signal
i8 provided
which
is
immune fro.
noise
pickup
in
the connecting
cable.
i.
6. LEADSCREtlS- threaded
rods
~which
turn at commanded speeds
and drive
.7. LEADSCREWroVER - protective
curtains
that
shield
the leadscrews fr08
debri8
due to test
specimen breakage and from accidental contact
by the operator
or
fixtures.
8.
PI XED
struct ute
the
supports
CROSSBBAD
that
-
top
the
leadsc rewa.
MODEL 4204
(DC-1150)
or
10. OVERTRAVEL LIMIT SWITCHES these consist
of first
and second
level
li.it
switches
which stop
When a
which applies
a load to the test
specimen at commanded speeds.
3.
By loo8ening
tightening
the preload
nuts,
depending
upon
testing
direction,
forces
are evenly
translated
between leadscrew
and cros8head.
the
instrument
where
the
test
specimen
is lIOunted
and either
a
tension
or compression
loading
is
applied.
t, element
nut.
5-1
11.
LIMIT
plate
that
limit
on
the
moving
contacts
the upper
stops.
DESCRIPTION
SWITCH ACTUATOR -
a
crosshead
and lower
OP SYSTEM COMPONENTS
12. ADJUSTABLE UPPER LIMIT STOP when this
stop is contacted,
an
over travel
liait
switch
is
actuated
and
the
crosshead
stops.
It
should
be set by the
user to a point
just
beyond the
expected maximum crosshead travel
(extension)
in the UP direction
when tension
testing,
or
just
the
second level
and the DIN switch
above the starting
po8ition
(gage
length)
when compression
testing.
20. INTERMEDIATE BELT - this belt
transfers
intermediate
shaft
motion
to
the
drive
asseably
19. MOTORBELT
fers
the
rotary
crosshead
drive
termediate
shaft
shaft
encoder.
13. ADJUSTABLE LOWERLIMIT STOP when this
stop is contacted,
an
overtravel
li.it
switch is actuated and the crosshead
stops.
It
should
be set by the user to a
point
j U8t beyond the expected
maximua crosshead
travel
(extension)
in the IXM'N direction
when
compression
testing,
or just
below the starting
po8ition
(gage
length)
when ten8ion
te8ting.
14.
LIMIT
SWITCH ROD -
which supports
the crosshead
vel liait
stope
and actuates
overtravel
liait
switches.
15.
BASE GRIP ADAPTER
coupling
and the
between
the
loading
frame
-
output
21.
belts
fro.
shaft.
- this
belt
trans-
motion
of
8Otor
to the
which drives
the
inthe
shaft.
MAIN DRIVE BELTS drive
the
the
drive
leadscrew
asseably
these
pulleys
output
22. DRIVE ASSEMBLY- the assembly
supporting
the drive
shafts
and
pulleys
used in
the
crosshead
drive
systeJl.
a rod
23.
trathe
LEADSCREW DRIVE
PULLEYS
-
these
pulleys
are driven
by the
main drive
belts
and are mechanically
connected
to the leadscrews
to complete
the drive
train
from
the .->tor.
the rigid
lower
base.
limit
switches
option.
grip
24.
CROSSHEADMANUAL POSITIONING
CONTROL
16. SHAFT ENCODER- this
device
generates
an output
in proportion
to the revolutions
of the shaft
by which
it
is
driven.
The
output,
which is an incremental
measure of the moving crosshead
displaceaent,
i. used as feedback
to maintain
the com.anded speed
of the cro.shead
and to indicate
extension
of the speciaen during
-
access is
provided
to
the output
drive
shaft
80 the
croBshead can be manually
moved
if the second level
limits
(Item
10) are actuated.
nte square end
of the shaft accepts a 13 ..,
8or 12-point
socket.
Access is
through
a hole in the top rear
cover (re80ve hole pluq).
Clockwise rotation
of the shaft drives
the crosshead up. (-
--1m.)
a test.
17. CROSSHEADDRIVE MaroR - the
motor
which
drives
the
moving
crosshead at co8manded speeds.
~
avoid p;>88ible injury.
always set aain power switch bo
01'1' and r~e
the aain po.er
cable
before
.tjuating
the
aanual positioning
contxol.
18. MOTORRBLAY - a DC relay with
contacts
in series
between
the
Power ABplifier
and the crO88head
drive motor.
It is controlled
by
MODEL 4204
(DC-tt50)
5-2
DESCRIPTION
OF SYSTEM COMPONENTS
-
CONNECTOR PANEL
Main power
for
the system is connected
at
this panel, as is cabling
between
the units.
System fuses
are
mounted on the
panel,
and an
interface
between loading
frame
and control
console
(Frame Board)
is mounted behind the panel (See
Section 5.1.2).
25.
large drawer,
casters
and leveling pads.
It can be installed
initially
at the factory
or anytime in the field.
~30.
storage
area
for
cables,
manuals,
The drawer
is
included
with
optional
floor
stand.
etc.
the
31. LEVELING PAD - Four pads are
~'used
for
leveling
the
loading
frame at installation.
One adjustable
pad is located
at each
corner
of the frame base, or on
the optional
floor
stand.
26. CONTROL PANEL - the system
/main
power switch
and the JOG
controls
for
the moving crosshead are located on this panel.
27. POWERTRANSFORMER- a multitap
transformer
which
accepts
primary
voltages
from 100 to 240
VAC, single
phase, 50/60 Hz.
The
output
of
this
transformer
is
always 120 VAC for system power.
32.
CASTERS large
lockable
casters
on optional
floor
stand
permit
the loading
frame to be
easily
28. Mal'OR CONTROLLER- the power
amplifier
for the crosshead drive
motor (See Section
5.1.3).
FLOOR STAND 29.
for
mounting
base
This
stand
4204.
DRAWER- a convenient
5. 1.2
moved
and
posi
OonnecbOr Panel
tioned.
-
This
panel
(Figure
5-2) provides
the interface
between the loading
frame and console.
It is held by screws and is
hinged to tip down when opened.
an optional
the
~el
contains
a
There
are
high
voltages
0
(AC line
SI
J2
CONSOLE
e
~~
lO
J
J3
AIR KIT
~I
s
e£~~~~:9
@
J6
PIP
Figure
MODEL4204
5-2. Loading
(DC-1150)
Frame Connector Panel
5-4
DESCRIPTION
voltage)
on
this
panel
and
temperatures
on the heat sink
SCR .otor
controller
8Ounted
the area behind
the panel.
the
panel
should
never
be
when the system
is operating.
Dangero..
vol tages
te8peratures
are
high
nectinq
a remote
recorder
pen
pipping
device
such as an optional re80te
event aarker
control
or
an incremental
extensometer.
ot the
inside
Hence,
opened
-
F1 (CONSOLE) a
the power line to
(Littlefuse
Type
Instron
Part No.
and bigb
present
the
Q)ftnector
Panel.
set
the
.ain
power
awitcb to off and unplug the
AC po.er
input
cable
before
opening the panel.
J1
(HANDSET)
optional
F2
remote crosshead
for an
control
optional
J4
a connector
cable
pneuaatic
(CONSOLE) -
Control
Console
source
supplies
at 3 aaperes.
grip
the
fro.
for
an
for
Thi.
50/60 Hz
J5 - the AC connector
tor system
main power.
This connector
and
the
fuseholder
for
F2 are
an
integral
assembly.
The cap of
the fuseholder
can be removed and
repositioned
to select
the proper
taps of the input
power transfor.er
to 8atch the supply voltage.
This must be done at systea
installation
(see Section
4.3.5,
Non8tandard Main Power).
(DC-1150)
required
upon the
to the
4.3.5,
5.1.3 Power:A8plifier:
~:
There
i8
no
Figure
5-3
applicable
to the Power Amplifier
for
the Model 4204. See Figure
5-1,
Item 28, for
location
of
ti)tor
Q)ntroller.
A Motor
Controller
a8seably
is
located
in the area behind
the Q)nnector
Panel.
Thi8
unit
supplies
power for
the crosshead
drive
motor.
J6 (PIP) - a jack used for conMODEL 4204
the
FRAME BOARD - (not shown) a pc
board, mounted on the rear of the
Connector
Panel,
which provides
the
interface
between
loading
fraae
and control
console.
The
functions
of this
board include
frame identification,
closed loop
control
of tbe crossbead position
through
the encoder feedback and
drive
8Otor control
error
signals, and the interchange
of status and control
logic
signals
between the fraae and console.
control.
AC outlet
power.
120 VAC,
-
P4 (MOTOR CONTROLLER) 12-ampere fu8es in the AC input
line8
to the power aaplifier
for
the
cro8shead
drive
motor.
(Littlefu8e
Type 314-012,
3AB,
In8tron
Part No. 27-2-50).
J2 (CONSOLE) - a connector
for
the
interface
cable
between
systea console and loading
fraae.
-
Table
P3,
handset.
J3 (AIR KIT)
the
interface
Rating
fusing
for F2, depending
AC input
voltage
applied
systea.
(See
Section
Nonstandard
Main Power).
Connector
Panel
in
Figure
5-2.
this
panel
are
- a connector
the AC outlet.
323-003, 3AB-S8;
27-2-51).
F2 (LINE) - system power fuse.
The rating
of this
fuse depends
upon the line
voltage,
as shown
in the table beneath the fuse.
behind
Always
The front
of the
assembly
is
shown
The coaponents
on
described
below.
3-ampere fuse in
5-5
DESCRIPTION
OP SYSTEM COMPONENTS
crosshead
by deenergizing
the
drive
motor
relay.
The MOTOR
status
lamp lights.
The switch
restore
system operation,
first
set main power switch
off,
release the Stop switch by turning
it clockwise,
then set main power
on.
This switch
is not standard
equipment,
but
is
supplied
to
comply with DIN regulations.
The device
uses
silicon
controlled
rectifiers
(sca's)
to
rectify
the
crosshead
positional
error
signal
and proportion
the duration
of motor
current
pulses,
thus
controlling
motor power.
An additional
device
mounted
behind the Connector
Panel is a filter
which prevents
possible
interference
on the AC power
line
caused
by the
pulsed
motor controller.
~
5.1.4
Q)ntrol
Panel
Refer
bo Manual 50. M 10-4200-1
Section
5.2,
for a description
A Control
Panel
is located
on the
right-hand
column
of
the
Loading
Frame.
The components
on this
panel
are
shown in
scribed
Figure
5-3
of Control
Console
co.ponents.
and de-
below.
ON
(>.JOG
1[0]1
~
@
OFF
S
0 JOG
POWER
Q
Figure
5-3.
Control
POWERSWITCH breaker
for
a
Panel
20A circuit
controlling
AC power
to the Model 4204 system. An
indicator
light
next
to
the
switch
is
lit
when power
is
on.
JOG SWITCHES (Up/ Down) - these
switches
have the same function
as the similar
switches
on the
console
Crosshead
Control
Panel
(see Section 5.2.1).
DIN STOP PUSHBUTTONSWITCH option
(located
next
to the JOG con-
trols) - when pushed, this switch
immediately stops the moving
MODEL 4204
(DC-11S0)
5-6
DESCRIPTION
OF SYSTEM" COMPONENTS
resistance
change will
contribute
to
the net unbalance
of the bridge.
Thus, with
excitation
applied
to the
bridge
and an appropriate
amplifying
circuit,
small
unbalances
are detected
as a voltage
which
is used to
accurately
indicate
the
amount
of
load being applied
to the element.
5.3 WAD ~.s
5.3.1
General
Characteristics
The load cells
used in Instron
universal
testing
instruments
make
use of strain
gages to detect
the
load being applied
to a specimen.
These gages consist
of etched foil
intimately
bonded to an elastic
element which deforms slightly
under an
applied
load.
With
this
type of
structure,
the
resistance
of
the
foil
will
change in direct
pro~rtion
to deformation
of the element.
Multiple
gages
are
cel~.,
and are connected
5.3.2 Series 2518 Load
The
used in each
as arms of a
Maximum
Calibrated
Force
2518
Minimwa
Calibrated
Force
Clevis
Inner Dia.
Retaining
Pin Dia.
Catalog
Number
0.1 N
0.02 lb
10 9'
6mm
2.5111m
2518-206
100 N
20 lb
10 kg
1 N
0.2 lb
100 9
6mm
2.5 DIm
2518-205
618
2518-204
1 kN
200 lb
100 kg
10 N
2 lb
1 kg
12 1mB
5 kN
1000 lb
500 kg
50 N
10 Ib
5 kg
12 mm
10 kN
2000 lb
1000 kg
100 N
20 lb
10 kg
25 kN
5000 lb
250 N
50 lb
25 kg
3418
16 1mB
2518-103
500 N
100 lb
50 kg
34
16 DID
2518-702
50 kN
10,000
5,000
lb
kg
(DC-1150)
load
2518 Load Cells
10 N
2 lb
1 kg
2500 kg
MODEL 4204
Series
Series
cells
are normally
used on the Model
4204.
These cells
can be used for
testing
in either
tension
or compression.
This feature
reduces the
number
of
load
cells
required.
There are seven of the 2518 cells
with a maximum capacity
within
the
range of the Model 4204, as shown in
the listing
below.
balanced,
temperature
compensated
Wheatstone
bridge.
These gages are
mounted so that
the direction
of the
Table 5-1.
Instron
Cells
12-
5-7
6618
18
DESCRIPTION
2518-209
2518-202
Other features
are a 2mv/v rationalized output
and self
identification
by the standard
4200 serie.
control
console.
The standard
cell
for the
~el
4204 is type 2518-702 with a
50 kN capacity,
but all types in the
2518 series
are
directly
interchangeable.
The preamplifier
for
these cells,
A504-72,
included
as
standard
equipment
on
the
Model
Table 5-2. Grip
Self-Align
Coupling
Catalog
No.
Couplings
for
4204,
moving
the
rear
of
Series
2518
Capacity
100 N, 10 kg,
20 lb
Load
Cells
110 kif,
1000
2000 lb
1
kg,
Retaining
Pin Dia.
Coupling
Inner
Dia.
Series 2518
IDad Cell
0.187
in.
0.500
in.
-205,
-206
0.250
in.
0.625
in.
-202,
-204,
-203,
-209
2501-091
2501-093
10 kN, 1000 kg,
12000 lb
0.500
in.
.250
in.
-202,
-204,
-203,
-209
2501-090
2501-092
'50
0.500
in.
.250
in.
-702,
-703
kN,
110,000
5000
kg,
lb
*NOTB: Rigid co~lings
are required
for the
Yarn
Grips,
the
Series
2714
Wire
Tire
Capstan Grips. Table
5-3.
Coapression
Anvil.
Series
2518
Load
Cells
Use on
Max i.WI
Anvil
Catalog
Capacity
Diameter
No.
Series 2518
!Dad Cell
2.00 in.
(50 ..)
-205,
-206
10 kIf,
1000 kg,
2000 lb
2.00 in.
(50 18)
-202,
-204,
-203"
-209
10 kN, 1000 kg,
2000 lb
6.00 in.
(150 ..)
-202,
-204,
-203,
-209
*2501-082
50 kN,
10,000
5000
Ib
kg,
2.00 in.
(501mB)
All
*2501-084
50 kN,
10,000
5000
Ib
kg
6.00
All
2501-114
100 H,
20 lb
2501-083
10 kg,
*Requires
Base Adapter,
Clevis
Adapter,
Catalog
MODEL4204
for
Series
2714 and 2734 Cord and
Cord Grips,
and the Series
2715
Compression
Anvil
2501-085
the
Each cell
has a clevis
for attaching a grip coupling,
compression
anvil
or other
fixture.
Couplings
and anvil.
are not supplied
with the
cells,
but several
sizes are optionally
available
as shown in Tables
5-2 and 5-3.
Max 1m um
2501-115
--
on
Use on
*Rigid
Coupling
Cat. No.
2501-094
is mounted
crosshead.
(DC-1150)
in.
(150aa)
Catalog
No. 2501-072,
No. 2501-338.
5-8
or
DBSCRIPTION
Lower
OF SYSTEM COMPONBNTS
6. 0 PRBPARIRG .oR OPBRA'l'IOR
*** IMPOR'l'AH'l'IKYJ.~***
Refer
bo tbis
chapter
0 Installing
for
tbe following
Section 6.7
a lDad Cell
0 Installation
for Tension
0 Adjusting
of
Gr ips
and Fixtures
~stin9
and ao.pression
Crosahead
inforaation:
Preload
Section 6.8
Section 6.11
Ruts
For all other details
about preparing
the Model 4204 for
operation,
refer
to Chapter 6 of Manual No. M10-4200-1,
Sections
6.1 through 6.6,
6.9 and 6.10.
~
Fasten cell
using six M10
x 35 lID long socket head cap
screws (SHCS) provided
(use an
8 lID hex key wrench).
~rque
screws to 50 N-m (37 ft-lb).
6. 7 IBSBu.IBG A WAD CELL
6.7.1
Installation
{Dad Cells
of
Series
2518
Testing
on a ~el
4204 loading
frame is always done below the moving crosshead.
When using a Series
2518 tension-compression
load cell,
it
is
usually
installed
in
the
crosshead
and a grip
or anvil
attached to the clevis
which extends
below the crosshead.
The cell
can
also be mounted on the baseplate
for
compression
testing
applications.
(See procedures
below.)
c. Insert
the load cell
cable
plug into
the connector
of the
preamplifier
mounted
on
the
rear of the crosshead.
a.
Remove grip
adapter
(T1209-1138)
from
the
baseplate
(requires
an 8 mm hex
key wrench).
The 40 mm diameter
Locating
Ring
(T13351048), beneath the adapter,
is
also
required
when mounting
the load cell.
The load cell
mounting
location
on top of the
crosshead contains
a
factory-installed
adapter,
Figure
6-9a.
The adapter
provides
six
equally
spaced,
M10
threaded
(metric)
bolt
holes
used
when
installing
a Series
2518
b.
Carefully
mount the load
-cell on the locating
ring
in
the center
of the baseplate.
Align
the holes in the flange
of the cell
with
the tapped
holes in the baseplate.
Fasten
the cell
using six M10 x 35 mm
long
socket
head cap screws
(SBCS) provided.
Tbrque screws
to 50 N-m (37 ft-lb).
cell.
~
Carefully
lower the cell
into
center
hole
of
the
crosshead
with
its
cable
towards the rear.
Align the
holes in the flange of the
cell
with
the
adapter.
MODEL 4204
six
tapped
holes
in
~
(OC-1150)
6-1
Remove the
preamplifier
PREPARINGFOR
OPERATION
fro.
the rear of the crosshead
(requires
a 2.55 mm hex key
wrench).
Place the unit
on
the baseplate,
attached,
near
with
its
the load
d. Insert
the load cell
cable
Plug
into
the connector
of the
preaaplifier
mounted
on
the
rear of the crosshead.
cable
cell.
8)IrB
d. Insert
the load cell
cable
plug into the connector
of the
preamplifier.
6.7.2
Installation
Wad Cells
of
When
Other
'.7.3
The complete line of Instron
load
cells
that you may have on hand, and
that have maximum capacities
within
the range of the Model 4204, are
capable
of
being
adapted
to
the
.!.:.
Re8)ve
1121),
the
Figure
251
load
adapter
6-9a,
cella
sacs
Fasten the cell
using
0.375 x 24UNF x 1.25
removed
Tbrque the
(37 ft-lb).
MODEL 4204
in
~
Step
screws
holes
on
the
cross-
(T1247-1121),
the
in
I~~~~~~~]
'It)
to
avoid d.-aging
the threaded
boles
in
the crosshead
and
baseplate,
always
use screws
of the correct
siae and thread
¥ben 8)unting
load cells
and
fiztures.
b. Note that
the center
hole
Tn the top of the crosshead
includes
two dowel pins that
are exposed when the adapter
is removed (see Figure
6-9b).
Carefully
lower
the
Series
2511 load cell
into the center
hole
with
the cable
towards
the rear.
Rotate
the cell
until
the two dowel pins engage matching
holes
in
its
flange.
six
adapter
(T1247-
located
the top center
hole of
the
crosshead.
This is fastened
by six 0.375-24UNF socket head
cap screws (SBCS) (use a 0.312
in. hex key wrench).
~
crosshead
top and bott08
8urfaces
of the moving crosshead,
and the top surface
of
the
baseplate,
Figures
6-9a
through
6-9d,
respectively,
are
shown for convenience.
Note that
SO8e holes
are tapped with
.etric
threads
(M) and so.e with
English
threads
(UHF).
These hole.
allow
the mounting
of
all
Instron
load
cells
and fixtures
that
are usable
with the ~el
4204.
The installation
of the Series
2511
cells
is
described
below.
Please
contact
the Instron
Customer
Support
Center,
Tel.
No. (617) 828-2500,
for
details
about
using
other
types
of
load cells.
a Series
the
CZoasbeadand Baseplate
M)unting a>le Patterns
The mounting
head
instrument.
TO install
installing
adapter
removed
in
Step
a
above,
for
use with
Series
2518 load cells,
torque
the
screws to 50 N-a (37 ft-lb).
0
0
.
the
in.
0
M10 tfw'~
""1'1 IP-.d
tIo1H
10.1 nwf\&. ho,"
~erbor"
11 nwndiI. 1101.-
~~~
0:5.,.
&. ~1tI
above.
50 N-a
Figure
6-9a.
Load
Cell
Adapter
(T1247-1121)
(DC-1150)
6-2
PREPARING FOR OPERATION
'"
o.
t
/
{.
Figure
6-9b.
0\
\,'
\"
0
"
Moving
Crosshead
\.
~
0
(without
0
M10 ttrt*d
0
O.3?5x2.UHF
ttrt*d
/\0Its
.
o.~ WI.d;_t.,.
dow.1PN
I'
holt.
0
Mounting
T1247-1121
Bole
Adapter
Pattern
- Top
installed)
0 O.J7Sx24lH'
tIw'.~
Figure
6-9c.
Moving
Crosshead
Mounting
Bole
0
o~
WI.dt.,..t.,.
110'"
0
M10 t1r.~
ho"s
- Bottom
0
0
0
Pattern
hol.s
0
0
0
0
0
0
(Al1 tapptd 110M ~
MfO t!w"Nd)
Figure 6-9d. Baseplate Mounting Hole Pattern
MODEL4204
(CC-1150)
6-3
6. 8 IHSTALLA'l'IOH 01' GRIPS
AND I'I~
POR TBRSIOH
AND CX»IP~IOH
TBS'l'IHG
6.8.1 Selecting
Grips
ling
using
the pin provided
with
the
couplingThis
type
of double-pin
mounting
allows
the upper grip
to be
self-aligning-
and Fixtures
The use of proper grips
and grip
faces for testing
materials
in tension is crucial
to obtaining
meaningful
results.
Appendix A to Manual No. M10-4200-1
contains
guidelines
for the selection
of grips and
faces in relation
to certain
types
of materials.
In many cases it is
trial
and error
that solves
a particular
gripping
problem.
It
is of particular
importance
that
the rated
loading
capacity
of
the grips
exceed, with a reasonable
safety
factor,
the loading
expected
during
a test.
Appendix C to the
manual contains
information
on many
of the Instron
grips
and fixtures
that
are suitable
for
use with
a
4200 series
system.
The base grip
adapter
supplied
with the Model 4204 includes
a retaining
pin
(1/2-in.
diameter
x
21/2-in.
long)
and a compression
(preload)
spring
(Part No. 66-5-6).
The spring
supports
the weight- of
the lower grip which prevents
a discontinuity
in the initial
loading
applied
to a specimen.
For best
results,
always ensure the spring
is
in place.
When installing
the lower
grip,
push down to compress
the
spring and then insert
the retaining
pin.
m'rB
The installation
of
Instron
pneumatic
grips,
requires
additional
procedures
for mount-
ing
When compression
testing,
usually
the specimen is placed on a table,
and the loading
is applied
by an
anvil
coupled to the load cell.
In
this case, the diameter
(or area) of
the anvil
is important
as well
as
its maximum loading
capacity.
6.8.2 Installing
6.8.3
Grips
The standard
method for mounting
grips
is by the use of an adapter
coupling
for
attaching
the
upper
grip
to the load cell,
and by the
use of a base grip
adapter
for attaching
the lower grip.
The grip
coupling
options
for
use with
the
Series 2518 load cells
are listed
in
Table 5-2 of this supplement.
Kit.
are
Complete
included
with
Installing
Fiztures
for o.pression
'resting
compression
anvils
5-3 of this supplelocknut
and a bar
installing
an anvil
or on the baseplate
the
locknut
comanvil.
Install
the anvil
in the load
cell
coupling,
or the baseplate
adapter,
using the retaining
pin provided.
Turn the locknut
firmly
up
against
the couplinq,
or adapter,
in
order
to
tighten
the connection.
This will
remove any discontinuity
in loading
caused by a loose pin.
~ install
the upper grip,
attach
a coupling
to the load cell
using
the retaining
pin provided.
Then
attach
the upper grip
to the coup-
(DC-1150)
Air
The optional
listed
in Table
ment include
a
wrench.
Before
on a load cell
adapter,
thread
pletely
onto the
for Tension Testing
MODEL4204
an
instructions
the kit.
When removing
testing,
en the
6-4
the
anvil
after
use the bar wrench to looslocknut
if it is jammed.
than
8)!B
Refer
to Manual
for the following
6.9
Selecting
6.10 Connecting
6. 11 ADJUsrl~
8J!'S
Units
.£:..
a. Install
tem with
MODEL 4204
rigid
speciaen,
e.
Relieve
c08pression
load-
ing,
remove r ig id spec imen and
proceed
with
planned
testing.
8)!'B
Preload
nuts aust be loosened, when tension
testing,
to avoid
excessive
wearing
of
the
nuts.
Tb loosen
nut.,
reapply
the .ame compression
preload to the mov-
nuts,
a co.pression
sysa load range greater
(DC-IIS0)
a
d. Firaly
hand-tighten
preload
nuts
against
the
crosshead
then u.e the bar wrench provided to fully
tighten
each nut.
P~.D
preload
)k)unt
then
apply
a co.pression
load
of 5 kN (1000 lb,
500 kg).
Preload
nuts
are 8Ounted below
the moving crosshead
at both leadscrews (see Itea 9 of Figure
5-1).
These
nuts
should
be tightened,
prior
to CO8pression
testing.
The
nuts should be tightened
against
the
aoving crosshead while a co.pression
load is applied
to the cros.head.
To tighten
the
proceed as follows:
500 kg).
Ca1.1bcate the lo8d _igbing
systea (Chapter 7).
Acceaaorie8
~BBAD
Ib,
~
No. M10-4200-1
Sections:
Operating
5 kN (1000
ing
crosahead
when nuts
6-5
were
as
applied
tightened.
Supplement
DC-1150
to
Model 4204 Loading
Manual
Fraae
No.
M10-4200-
- Description
(all
revisions)
and Operating
In8truction8
The attached
pages contain
important
information
about the loading
frame of
your Model 4204 which is not included
in Manual No. M10-4200-1.
You should
refer
to this
supplement
for a system description
and specifications,
the
installation
of the loading
frame, a functional
description
of components and
the
operating
Use this
principles
supplement
complete
description
your Model 4204 (see
tains
full
operating
included
(Chapters
(see
,
Table
in conjunction
of
Contents).
with
Manual No. M10-4200:-1,
which has a
and operating
instructions
for
the control
console
of
Chapters
3, 5 and 6 as applicable).
The manual also coninstructions
for your system and any options
which may be
7 and 8).
7. 0 (PDA!!'~
7.1
CK»BRM'I8;
A BASICSYS'rmI
7 . 2 'ma DmTROMml'l"{It :
~-UP
PKRIOO
aMSIDBRA'l'IC8S
This chapter
up and operate
basic system.
how to set up
options for the
describes how to set
a Model 4201 or 4202
Chapter 8 describes
and use the various
systems.
NO1'B
Sections
6.6 through
6.11 describe
pretest
functions
which
may be done before
applying
system power.
In some cases,
however,
grips
and fixtures
may have to be installed
after
calibration,
depending
upon
the
procedure
used and the
This
dtapter
is
arranCJed
so the
user can prOCJress throuCJh the procedures
involvinCJ
pretest
parameters
common to
all
tests.
Additional
procedures
for
optional
functions
and equipment
can be selected
from
Chapter
8.
Thus,
a test
setup
can
be adjusted
to the capability
of a
system - from basic
to all
options.
type
of
load
cell
installed.
Tb power a Model 4201 or 4202 instrument, set the main JX)wer switch
on the front
panel of the loadinq
frame base to on.
The switch
will
light
and both units
of the system
will
receive
JX)wer, if interconnections
were made in accordance
with
Chapter 4 of this manual.
A ~ical
test
worksheet
is included
in
Chapter
9 which
will
enable
the user to preplan
a test
program.
With
the
blank
spaces
filled
in
where
applicable,
the
worksheet
serves
as
a permanent
record
for future
reference.
This
record is important
even for repetitive
testing
routines
during
which
parameters
may remain unchanged for
a period
of time.
Even though most
parameters
are stored
in the nonvolatile
memory (Section
6.3),
these
would revert
to a default
value
if
the system reset sequence,
[S1] [0]
[ENTER], was performed.
When power is applied,
an automatic
Self Test Routine
is performed
as described
in Section
7.3.
Allow
a
warm-up
period
of
at
least
1S minutes
to assure
load cell
stability.
This
warm-up
period
is
also
necessary
whenever
a load
cell
is d1anged.
7 . 3 SELP 'l'BST RXJTIRE AT rowER UP
A to this
manual provides essential
information
for the
user who needs assistance
in planning a materials
testing
procedure.
A section
on the
introduction
to
testing
contains
details
about determining
load requirements,
establishing
gage length
and choosing
a
testing
speed.
Appendix
The followi~
sequence of events
occurs
during
the
automatic
self
test
of a 4200 series
system when
main power is applied.
The user
should
as it
liability
ceeding
Section
Appendix B is a glossary
of mechanical
properties
and tests
for
materials
testing
applications.
This should be referenced
by the
user
who
requires
knowledge
of
apeeifie
K>DEL
testing
4201/4202
feature
with
6.5
test programs.
for
details
of
and user
(See
this
interaction.)
A. Turn
instrument
on.
Scan all
front
panels aM control
panel during.-'5elf
Test Routine
aM observe
following
action:
terms.
(A)
monitor
this
routine
closely,
provides
assurance
of the reof the system
before
pro-
7-1
OPERATI~
A BASIC
SYSTEM
d. A TESTING AREA indicator
1. All
lamps light,
including
the control
switches
and backlit
status
indicators,
and all
displays
show 8-1.88888
for up
to 10 seconds.
is
e.
3.
If
is
installed,
key
3. Self Test Result
shows on
Basic Panel Display
for up to
5 seconds,
then
disappears
(see NOTE).
If Self Test Result
remains on display,
then
system can not be operated and
maintenance
is required.
key
before
c.
lamp
8.0008~
is
Panel
option
mode selection
lit.
the
8
8~
STRAIN,
EXTENSION,
8
8.
STOP
blank,
To enter
a System Reset:
Press S1
on the
Basic
Panel,
then
press
.0.
and .ENTER. on the keypad1
the Basic
Panel Display
will
show .LOSS. after
this
sequence,
which
indicates
to
the user
that
any previously
stored
conditions
or data is lost.
G.L. lamp is
units
sta-
lit.
(8)
P(MER UP
When a 4200 series
system is received and is initially
powered up,
it is recommended that a System Reset sequence be entered
at the end
of the Self Test Routine.
This will
ensure that
system data storage
is
at the default
state
(Table 6-5).
power on.
is
option
Status
If
the System Reset
sequence
is
entered
as described
in Section
7.4,
the default
state
will
be restored.
show .LOSS.
An operating
indicator
SELECT
The particular
lamps and indicators
that
are lit
at the end of a
Self Test Routine will
vary depending upon the state
of the system.
That is, variables
and functions
may
not be at the default
state
(see
Table 6-5) due to a previous
test
which
would
be
stored
in
the
nonvolatile
.-ory.
operating
units
6.9.1)
or
the
Ioode
(Section
has been changed
AT
option
lit.
5. If a Limits
Panel
is installed,
a Limits
lamp may be lit.
Test,
0b(depend-
is
will
turning
MODEL 4201/4202
X-AXIS
1 . 4 SYSTBM RESET AT IBITIAL
it
b.
The
flashing.
tus
Panel,
The display
if
the
(Section
strain
8.11.2)
is
A display
LOAD,
Panel:
except
Panel
an
is
is
option
b. If no prior
values were
stored,
the displays
show:
B. After
a successful
Self
serve the following
actions
ing upon options
installed):
a.
a Recorder
lamp
a.
The Self Test Routine
can be
repeated
by pressing
the Reject
key (REJ) on the keypad
during
the
time
period
when
the Self Test Result
shows on
the Basic Panel Display.
This
allows the lamp test to be observed
again.
Also,
if
the
Self
Test Result
remains
on
the display,
which would indicate a failure,
a second test
IDight pass (CAUTION: This can
indicate
an intermittent
condition
or marginal
failure).
On Basic
Strain
4. If a Display
is installed:
8)'fB
2.
A STRAIN indicator
lit
(if
installed).
2. All
lampS go out and all
displays
are blank for up to 5
seconds.
1. On Control
switch is lit.
lit.
7-2
OPERATING A BASIC
SYSTEM
It is recommended that calibration be checked at least once a day
during continuous operation.
CALIBRATION
7.~
7.5.1 Overview
The calibration
procedure
precisely
calibrates
the load weighing
system for
the load
cell
in use.
The system then is able to provide
an accurate
load
signal
which
is
automatically
ranged during
a test
over 100% (X1), 50% (X2), 20% (X5)
and 10% (X10) ranges
of the load
cell maximum capacity.
7 5 2 Blectrica1
The calibration
procedure
will
vary depending upon the type of load
cell
installed,
which can be one of
the following:
To calibrate
the load weighing
system
with
a
self
identifying
electrically
calibrated
tension
or
compression
load cell
installed:
AI
1. Self
trically
.
Identifying
a. ~ss Panel.
WAD
CAL k~
The Basic
DiSpl.ay
shows the
maximum capacity
and the
and
b.
Non-self
mechanicall
y
the
LOAD CAL lamp
cell
lights.
Press
identifying
calibrated
and
(see
identifying
and
ENTER on the
about
6
keypad.
seconds,
the
LOAD CAL lamp goes out and the
display
goes blank
indicating
that
calibration
is completed.
Section 5.3.4).
4.
of
mech-
After
3. Non-self
electrically
self
When electrically
calibrating
a 4200 series
dedicated
load
cell,
the balance operation
is
performed automatically.
identifying
and eleccalibrated
(see
identifying
calibrated.
of
Load cells
IJ:1l'B
Section 5.3.2).
2. Self
anically
Calibration
.
(Go to Section 7.6.)
7 5 3 Mechanical
calibrated.
.
self
The procedures
for
calibrating
all
four types of load cells
listed
above are given
in this
section.
These procedures,
for the most part,
involve
entries
of simple
key sequences by the user.
Calibration
.
Identifying
Load
of
Ce1ls
To calibrate
the
load
weighing
system by mechanically
calibrating
with
a self
identifying
load cell
installed:
a.
(1) If using a tension
load
cell,
install
a pin or other
device
in the load cell
coupling for hanging a calibration
weight.
Calibration
also
completes
an
operating
reliability
check of the
Load Sensor Conditioner
Board (see
Self
Test
Routine,
Section
6.5).
The system responds
to a bad calibration
procedure
by flashing
the
BAL or CAL lamps.
If
either
of
these
lamps flash,
the
user must
correct
the error
before
proceeding.
Section
7.7 includes
a table
of possible
causes and solutions.
(2)
If
load cell,
cap on the
frame.
Install
the
cell
b.
A test
cannot
be started
while
the LOAD CAL or LOAD BAL lamp is
lit,
and the calibration
and balance
functions
are locked
out while
a
test is running.
MODEL 4201/4202
(B)
using
a compression
set the cellon
its
base of the loading
WAD
load
Press
an anvil
LOAD BAL key.
BAL lamp
on
coupling.
The
lights.
c. Press ENTER on the keypad.
After
about
3 seconds,
the
LOAD BAL lamp goes out indi-
~3
OPERATING A BASIC
SYSTEM
.
11
l..~
,..
IJ&-
"91,/
6(~~S
r-ating
function
that
the
is completed.
balance
cannot
d. On numeric
keypad,
key in
maximum capacity
of load cell.
d.
Hang calibration
weight
from tension
cell
coupling,
or
set weight
on anvil
of compression
cell.
e.
On numeric
f.
of
keypad,
calibration
key
in
weight.
(for
g. Press ENTER.. After
about 6
seconds,
the
LOAD CAL lamp
goes out and the display
goes
blank indicating
that calibration
is canpleted.
Remove calibration
i.
and
fixture
from
calibrating
a
cell,
it
j.
LOAD
install
Press
'"
ENTER.
f. On numeric
keypad,
key in
value
of
the
calibration
weight
equivalent
of
the
electrical
calibration
siqnal.
For
the
Instron
low
capacity
tension
load
cells
(Secti~n
5.3.4),
this
number
would be as shown in Table 7-1
e. Press LOAD CAL key.
The
Basic Panel Display
shows the
maximum capacity
of the cell
and the LOAD CAL lamp lights.
value
be identified.
example,
2512-101
7-1.
Table
200
for
the
cell).
Low Capacity
Load Cells
Calibration
Data
weight
load
cell.
If
compression
in
crosshead.
Press LOAD BAL key.
BAL lamp lights.
The
Press ENTER. After
about 3
seconds,
the
LOAD BAL lamp
goes out indicating
that balance
function
is
completed.
k.
g.
Electrical
Calibration
Self
Identifying
Load
of
Cells
the
calibration
load
cell
and
h. After
about
6 seconds,
the
LOAD CAL lamp goes out and the
display
goes blank
indicating
that
calibration
is completed.
Release
calibration
button.
Hon-
To calibrate
the
load
weighing
system with
a non-self
identifying
electrically
calibrated
tension
or
compression
load cell
installed:
a. Press LOAD BAL key.
LOAD BAL lamp lights.
and hold
on
press ENTER.
7.5.4
Press
button
i.
Press LOAD BAL key.
The
The
j.
Press ENTER. After
about 3
seconds,
the
LOAD BAL lamp
goes out indicating
that balance function
is
completed.
b. Press ENTER.
After
about 3
seconds, the LOAD BAL goes out
indicating
that
balance
function
is completed.
7.5.5
c. Press LOAD CAL key.
The
LOAD CAL lamp lights,
but the
Basic Panel Display
goes blank
indicating
that the load cell
To calibrate
the
load
weighing
system by mechanically
calibratin~
with
a non-self
identifying
load
MODEL 4201/4202
fA)
(Go to Section
7-4
7.6.)
Mechanical
Calibration
Self
Identifying
Load
OPERATING
of HonCells
A BASIC SYSTEM
~
cell
goes out iooicati~
that balance
function
is
completed.
installed:
a.
(1)
If
using
cell,
install
device
applying
in
a tension
pin
or
coupling
of
a calibration
load
other
7.6
cell
for
weight.
frame.
Install
coupling.
cell
an anvil
b. Press
LOAD BAr.
key.
on
The
c. Press ENTER. After about 3
seconds, the LOAD BAL lamp
goes out indicatil'M3' that balance function is completed.
1EIWIMG
SYSTDI
NM'B
d.
Press L<Aa.DCAL key.
The
LOAD CAL lamp lights,
but the
Basic
Panel Display
goes blank
indicati~
that
the
load
cell
cannot
be identified.
Always
balance
a calibrated
load weighi~
systen whenel1er
grips
and fixtures
are a:lded
Or cha~ed.
e. On numeric keypad, key in
maximum capacity
of load cell.
Press
GRIPS _D FIrroRES:
The
installation
of
grips
and
fixtures
(Section
6.8)
may be done
before
or after
calibration,
dependirWJ' UIX>n the
type
of load
cell
installed.
Also,
grips
or
fixtures
may be charWJ'ed between
tests,
in
which
case
systen
calibration
does
not
have to be repeated.
However,
it
is necessary
to balance
out
the
tare
weight
of
grips
and fixtures
whenever
these
are added or dlanged
and the systen
has been calibrated.
(2) If using a canpression
load cell,
set the cellon
its
cap on the base of the loading
the
IHSTALL
BALANCE ~
'rO balance
load
weighir¥J
systen:
a. Press LOAD BAL key (Figure
7-1).
LOADBAL lamp lights.
ENTER.
Press ENTER. After
about 3
secooos,
LOAD BAL lamp goes
out aoo balance
function
is
canpleted.
(See Section
7.7
if LOAD BAL lamp flashes.)
b.
g.
Hang calibration
weight
from tension
c~l coupling, of
set weight
on anvil
of compression
cell.
in
h. On numeric
keypad,
key
value of calibration
w~ht.
i. Press ENTER.
After
about 6
seconds,
the
LOAD CAr. lamp
goes out indicating
that calibration
is completed.
j.
Remove calibration
and fixture
from load
calibrating
a
cell,
it
k.
install
Press
Press
crossbead.
The
lights.
After
about 3
LOAD BAL
lamp
ENTER.
seconds, the
~DEL
compression
in
LOAD BAL key.
LOAD BAL lamp
1.
weight
cell.
If
4201/4202
Figure
7-5
7-1.
Balancing
Load
OPERATING A BASIC
System
SYSTm-t
7.7 CALIBRATIaf
if
the 4200 systen
cannot ~operly
rea!
the
identification
of
an
identifiable
transducer
the
Basic
Panel Display
will
be blank.
MID BALANCE BRmRS
A 4200 series
system signals
the
user
when a ~oblem
exists
in a
transducer
calibrating
or balancing
procedure.
This warning
is easily
identified
by the flashing
of the
L~
CAL or LOAD BAr. LAMPS for lo~
cells,
or the STRAIN CAL or STRAIN
BAL laaps for extensometers.
Also,
Table
7-2.
Calibration
Balance
Transducer
Table
7-2 shows the pcobable
causes and solutions
for a flashing
CAL or BAL lamp for either a load or
strain transducer,
and several other
possible calibration
problems.
Calibration
or
El'ror
CAL lamp flashes
after
a self
identifyi~
transducer
is calibrated
1.
2.
3.
1.
When LOAD CAL key is
pressed:
(1) The wror'MJ
value of transducer
capaci ty appears on the
Basic Panel DisplaY1 or
(2) No value appears.
Probable
Cause
Errors
Solution
1. Check all cable
connections.
2. Try another transducer.
3. Run self test.
Transducer
is not
connected.
Transducer
is
defective.
Calibration
settil'Wj
is 'Ner
102% or
below 2% of tr ansducer max. capacity.
wror-.J full
scale
or
calibration
settir-.J
value
entered
on
numer ic keypad.
2.
3.
4.
BAr. lamp flashes
after
a transducer
is calibrated or balanced.
Balance
Transducer
is not
connected.
Transducer
is
defective.
Transducer
interface
board defective.
automatically.
CAL lamp flashes after
a transducer is mechically
calibrated
using
ing a weight or a calibration fixture.
or
Systm was W\able to
remove tare weight
grips or fixtures.
.
Operati~
not
been
required
\K1its
cha~ed
of
have
K:>DBL 4201/4202
on.
Check all
cable
connections.
Try another
transducer.
Md proper
weight
or ~just
fixture.
2.
3.
4.
Check all
figures
arxi reenter.
Tare weight
over 100%
of transducer
capacity.
Remove weight
by usil'¥J
lighter
fixtures.
1.
to
types.
2. Transducer is nonself identifyil¥j.
CAr.. lamp remains
1.
1.
mTER
2.
pressed.
Wrol'¥J calibration
sequence
used.
key
7-6
was not
2.
Check units
imicator
for proper
type.
If wroD3,
turn
off
p)wer,
chaD3e ~its
then turn
p>wer on
am recalibrate.
Use mechanical
calibration
()rocedure.
. Pr eBB ENTER.
2.
Redo calibration
procedure.
OPERATING A BASIC
SYST8ot
.
7 8 ~i:15ST
~roi'
7.8.1 Establish
frat
gage length,
when the crosshead
PROCEDURES
but will
relight
is returned.
Gage Lel¥]th
NC1l'E
Gage le~th
is the spacing
between specimen contact
faces of the
upper aoo lower grips or fixtures
at
the start
of a test,
aoo establishes
the initial
length
of the specimen.
The choice of a suitable
gage length
depeoos upon the material
under test
(see Appeooix
A,
Introduction
to
Testing).
To ensure a uniformity
in
specimen length,
this
spacing
must
be the same for all
similar
tests.
This requires
that the moving crosshead return
and stop
at a preset
limit,
or gage length,
at the conclusion
of each test.
Once gage
the
by driving
~tbod
to
Rt
been
set,
always
return
to this
position
RETURN commaoo.
uIX>n a
Setting
Crosshead
Liai t Stops
Travel
The crosshe~
travel
limit
st~s
(Figure
7-2)
are a safety
feature
which should be set after
establishing gage le~th
and before
starti~
a test.
If
the user neglects
to
stop
the crosshead
properly
or a
systan
failure
prevents
the crosshead fran stopping
automatically
at
gage length
(or at optional
electronic
limits),
the stops
will
be
contacted
py the
actuator
on the
crosshead,
a limit
switch will
open,
and the crosshead will
stop.
the
moving crosshead
up or down, as required,
using the JOG keys on the
Crosshead
Control
Panel.
Measure
the spacing between contact
faces of
upper aM lower grips,
or anvil
and
compression
plate,
with
a ruler.
Then press the G.L. RESET key.
An alternate
has
will
7.8.2
On a 4200 series
system,
gage
length,
the current
spaci~
between
grips
or fixtures,
is entered
into
memory whenever the G.L. RESET key
is pressed.
This feature
provides
a
very accurate gage length
setting.
Set gage le~th
length
crosshead
Always
travel
starti~
set
li.it
the
crossheCMl
stops
before
a test.
gage
length
if the optional
Display
Panel
is installed,
is to carefully
bring
the grip
faces
(or anvil
am canpression
plate)
together
using the
JOG keys.
Press the G.L. RESET key
to reset
the EXTENSION display
to
zero.
Then drive
the crosshe~
up
until
the required
spacing
is displayed
(in inches
or millimeters),
and press the G.L. RESET key.
If
the AT G.L.
lamp had been
flashing,
indicating
a power shutdown or system reset
had occurred,
it will
become steady when the G.L.
RESET is pressed.
This lamp will
go
out whenever the crossheCki is moved
~DEL
4201/4202
Figure
7-7
7-2.
Setting
Crosshead
Limi t St~s
Travel
OPERATING A BASIC
SYSTEJI
Set the upper liait
stop to a
point just beyond the expected maxi-
mum travel
(extension)
in
the
lb,
500 kg),
and up to 250 nun/min
(10 in/min)
for
loads
between
5 kN
to 10 kN (1125 lb to 2250 Ib;
500 to
1000 kg).
UP
direction
when tension testing,
or
just before gage length when compression testing.
Tighten the stop
securely on the limit
switch rod.
Set
the
lower
liait
[:::~~::~:~~!!:~~!!:::]
stop
to a
point just beyond the expected maximum travel
(extension)
in the DOWN
direction
when compression
testing,
or just before gage length when tension
testing.
Tighten
the
stop
securely
on the limit
switch rod.
If loading
on the ~el
4202
crosshead
exceeds 5 kR ( 1125
Ib, 500 kg) at speeds over 250
188/min (1 0 in/min),
the speed
accuracy
may not
be within
specification.
..
7 8 3 Set C!:Osshead Speed
NOTE
The
testing
(crosshead)
speed
selected
depends upon the type of
material
being tested.
Some examples of typical
speeds are given in
Appendix
A, Introduction
to Testing.
Usually,
a testing
rate
is
specified
as (1)
specimen
strain
rate
in inches per inch per minute
(or rom/rom/min);
(2) percentage
of
specimen
extension
or
compression
per
minute;
or
(3)
as crosshead
speed
the
in
inches
(or
rom) per
If
a crosshead
speed is entered beyond the maximum range
of the Model 4201 or 4202, it
will
not be accepted
by the
system.
The maximum speed
will
the
of
Characteristics
of
and a decimal
c.
will
Press
stop
point).
number
indicating
not
been
system.
recorder
entered
:&K-r-J5ic..
that
will
it
into
has
the
The number
flashing.
M>'l"E
Crosshead speed may be changed
at any time during
a test
by
entering
the above sequence.
Speeds
selectable
and
within
specification
for
the
Model
4202
range fran 0.5 to 500 mm/min (0.02
to 20 in/min)
for loads to 5kN (1125
(8)
desired
speed OIl
keypad (up
to
four
displayed
flash,
Speeds
selectable
and
within
specification
for
the
Model
4201
range from 0.5 to 500 mm/min (0.02
to 20 inlmin)
for loads up to maximum capacity
(5kN, 1125 lb, 500 kg).
MODEL 4201/4202
Enter
n~ic
digits
The
elongation
or comof
specimen
during
3. Maximum speed
response.
Set crosshead
speed by entering
following
key sequence:
b.
the
specimen material.
2. Total
pression
the test.
be set.
&. Press Si':sm key.
A number
will
appear on the Basic Panel
Display
(either
default
value
or a previously
set speed).
minute.
When selecting
a crosshead
speed,
following
should
be considered:
1.
automatically
7.8.4 Area ~sation
Area Compensation is a feature of
the 4200 series systems which allows
7-8
OPERATING A BASIC
SYSTEM
the load
signal
to be calibrated
in
terms
of stress
(Load/Area).
Thus,
specimens
of
similar
material
but
different
cross-sectional
area
can
be tested
and a relationship
established
between
the applied
force
and
the
specimen
Introduction
description
Appendix
A,
to Testing,
contains
of area compensation.
size.
a
The load
siqnal
output
to the
LOAD display
and to a recorder
is
divided
by the mantissa
of the area
value
only.
Therefore,
stress
(Load/Area)
as indicated
by these
two devices
is normalized
in relation
to actual
stress.
However,
with
the load sensitivity
adjusted
in
proportion
to
specimen
size,
(area
compensated)
the
recorder
scale remains accurately
calibrated
in terms of stress
(force
per unit
area).
A 4200 series
system will
accept
values of area compensation
ranging
from 9.999 x 10-50 minimum to 9.999
x 1050 maximum.
The default
value
is
1.000
x 100, as expressed
in
scientific
notation.
However, the
actual
number is entered through the
keypad using
floating
point
format
with values
that
can range between
9.999E-50 to 9.999E50.
The default
value is 1.000EOO in this format.
To avoid
overloads
when area
is used,
always
deteraine
the Ma~i"18
Allowable Stress
for the load cell
in use . ( Important I see Appen~-n8ation
An area compensation
value is entered
by two key sequences.
The
initial
sequence enters
a base number, or mantissa,
between 1.000 and
9.999.
This number is the normalized value
of the specimen crosssectional
area.
dix A, Section A.8.3.)
The parameters
of stress
(L/A)
and energy
are printed
using
the
mantissa
and exponent
of the area
value
(see Section
8.8.5).
Thus,
actual
stress
based on the original
cross-sectional
area of the specimen
can be read directly
with an optional printer.
EXAMPLE
Specimen
A
=
cross-sectional
0.156
in2
=
1.56
Enter
1.56 (normalized
as the mantissa.
area
x
10-1
value)
the
Set area
following
&. Preas AREA key.
The SET
lamp will
light,
and a number
will
appear on the Basic Panel
After
the first
key sequence,
the
letter
"E" and two digits
appear
on
the
display;
this
is
the
current
exponent
(power
of
10) of the area
value
stored
in nonvolatile
memory.
The second
key sequence
enters
the
exponent
of
the
area
value
in
the
form of two digits
ranging
from -SO
to SO, where the absence
of the -+sign denotes
a positive
number.
Display
value
ously
the
default
Enter .antissa
(base D\8her) of desired
area ~~~sati-on on keypad.
This must
be
a number
between
1.000
and
9.999 which is the normalized
value
of the specimen crosssectional
area.
The displayed
number will
flash,
indicating
that
it
has not been entered
into the system.
Specimen cross-sectional
area
A = 0.156 in2 = 1.56 x 10-1.
Enter -01 as the exponent of
the area value.
(B)
(either
or the value
of a previset area compensation).
b.
EXAMPLE
MODEL 4201/4202
CO8peDsation
by entering
key sequences:
7-9
OPERATING A BASIC
SYST~
c. Preas ~.
If the number
entered
is not 1.000 and the
exponent is not EOO (see Step
d), then the ~1 indicator
will
light.
will
will
The
disappear
show -E-
entered
ibration
procedure.
set value is restored
procedure
is ~pleted.
7.8.5
number
expcx1e~t of
area
n.-,e;r.
( See
IMPORTANT NOTE No.1
below.)
This must be a number between
-50 and 50.
The system will
limit
larger
numbers to these
If
the
Speci8en for
or ~res8ion
Basic
Test
~1"1
Install
speci8eD
in the grips
for
tension
testing,
or on the compression plate
or other
fixture
for com-
d . Enter
~~~tion
values.
Install
'l'ension
and the display
and two digits.
Any prior
when the
pression
testing.
The gage length
has been set at
this
point,
so do not
move the
crosshead.
If the specimen does not
fit,
either
trim
it
or change the
gage length.
Tighten
the upper grip
first
(Figure
7-3).
If this
causes
a preload,
do not perform a balance
procedure
to canpensate
for
it,
as
this
is the initial
loading
on the
specimen.
required
exponent is a positive
number,
press the :t key only
if
the
currently
displayed
number is
a negative
quantity.
The number will
flash
until
it
has
been entered
into the system.
e. Pl:e8s ~KI(.
The exponent
will
disappear
and the number
set in Step b will
reappear.
Repeatedly
pressing
ENTER will
cause the displayed
value
to
alternate
between the mantissa
and the exponent.
~
IMPORTAIrr
8)'1'ES
1.
Always
record
the
load
(stress)
and
energy
data
stored
from a previous
test
before
changing
the exponent
of the area compensation
value.
Otherwise,
this data will
be in error
as it
is iumediately
assigned
the value of a
newly entered exponent.
2. If the maximum and minimum
load limits
are used on the
optional
Limits
Panel,
these
should be reset
in accordance
with
the
increased
or
Figure
creased load channel sensitivity
due to area compensation
(the
normalized
value
only,
not the exponent)
(see Section
8.7).
3. Area
rarily
compensation
set to
x 100) during
MODEL 4201/4202
is
7-3.
de7 . 8 . 6 Set
Area
The TESTING AREA function
on the
Basic Panel is not essential
to the
operation
of the system unless pneumatic
grips
are being used with an
optional
Air Kit,
or cycling
is to
be done using
the optional
Limits
tempo-
1.000EOO (1.000
a load cell cal-
(8)
Testing
Installing
Specimen
for Tension Testing
7-10
OPERATING A BASIC
SYSTEM
Panel
It is importhis
function
be
properly
set so that
the auta.atic
overload
detection
circuit
will
stop
a test
if
the load
is overranqed
(see CAUTION below).
The default
condition
(Table 6-5) for the TESTING AREA function
is BELOWXHEAD.
tant,
The
(Section
8.7).
show -SL-.
The TESTING AREA key
can be pressed
and the function
changed to BELOW XHEAD or ABOVE
XHEAD while
this
condition
is
active.
however, that
TESTING
AREA
function
-
should
-
be C11An-qedfor one of the followinq
t~ conditions
OnlYI
IMPORTARTIK)TE
The TESTING AREA key
stays
enabled,
with
.SL.
remaining
on the display,
until
another
key sequence is entered,
such
as: [S1] [0] through
[S1] [6],
[SPEED] or [AREA].
-
~
The sign of the output
signal of the installed
load cell
is
positive
(+)
for
compression
(applies
to 2511-200
series
compression
cells
only.)
See
tl)TB
[~~!!~~~]
below.
Before startinq
a test, always
ensure that
the TESTING AREA
function
is properly
set.
If
it is DOt and a load overrange
(X)ndition
is
detected,
the
WAD
status
indicator
will
flash
but the cro&shead
will
not
stop
and da8aqe to the
load cell
(X)uld occur.
W1"B
When using
a
2511-200
series
and the TESTING AREA function
is set to
ABOVE XHEAD, it
is necessary
that
any strain
extensometer
used also has a positive
(+)
output
when compressed.
If
the sign of the extensometer
is not the same as the sign of
the
load
cell,
the optional
strain
limits
will
not function
properly.
This
can be
corrected
if
the polarity
of
the extensometer
output is re-
compression cell
versed.
Regional
fice
if
Consult
Sales
and
assistance
7.8.7 Runninq 'rests
The procedures
in Sections
6.6
through
6.11,
and in this
chapter,
have prepared
a Model 4201 or 4202
basic system for a simple tension
or
an Instron
Service
compression test.
these
procedures
Of-
is needed.
Section
~
The load cell,
other than a
2511-200
series
compression
type,
is mounted for testing
above
the
moving
crosshead
(requires
special
fixturing).
listing
included
of
in
7.8.8.
if
an optional
Recorder
Panel
or
Printer
is
installed.
These and
other
optional
accessories
are de-
scribed in Chapter 8.
Start
a test by pressing
the UP
key on the Crosshead Control
Panel
for a standard
tension
test
(Figure
7-4),
or the DOWNkey for a standard
compression
test.
To ~e
~~:[8;
ARBA it must
be enabled
by initially
pressing
81.
The Basic Panel Display
will
(B)
A
is
The output
of a test
with
only
a
load cell
installed
is a load signal
of 0 to ~10 vdc.
This signal
may be
monitored
if
the system
includes
an
optional
Display
Panel,
and recorded
Note that
for normal operation,
the TESTING AREA function
should be
set to BELOWAHEAD. This applies
to
the
2512 series
compression
cells
also.
MODEL 4201/4202
on a Basic
Syst~
7-11
OPERATING A BASIC
SYSTEM
gurE
7-4
:tarting
7.8.8 Listing
for
a
of Pretest
a Basic Syst~
tDsion
Test
Procedures
The following
list
of procedures
outline
the
steps
necessary
to set
up a Model 4201 or 4202 basic
system
to perform
a tension
or compression
test.
Each procedure
is referenced
to the section
which contains
specific
details.
Chapter
8 provides
descriptions
and operating
procedures
for optional
equi~t.
MODEL 4201/.202
B
OPERATING A BASIC
SYSTEM
8.0
8.1
OPERM'DIG AN EXPARDEDSYS-T8
system,
and that
for current
testing
~i)UCrIC8
This chapter
describes
the functioning
of
the
optional
operator
interface
panels
and
peripheral
equipment
(recorders,
etc.)
available
for
use with
a 4200 series
system,
as listed
in Table 8-1.
The
user should
select
the sections
of
this
chapter
that
pertain
to
the
particular
options
included
with
a
Table 8-1.
Optional
Optional
Recorder
Panel
and Interface
Display
Instron
Equipment
Catalog
No.
Reference
Section
2310-817
8.2
2330-035
8.6
2210-593
8.7
Board
Panel
Limits
The items listed
in Table 8-1 may
be included
with
a system initially
or added later
to expand its
capabilities.
Installation
procedures
are
included
with
each option,
if
required.
A
separate
operating
instruction
manual is included
with
each peripheral
device.
Components and Peripheral
Device
will
be required
procedures.
Panel
Strain
Sensor
Circuit
Board
- LVDT type
extensometers
2210-826
Strain
Sensor
Circuit
Board
- Strain
Gage Extensometers
2210-827
8.11,
8.12
Strain
Sensor Circuit
Board
-Instron
XL Extensometer
2210-828
8.11,
8.13
Microcon II Data Processor
and Interface
Board
4100-080
4100-081
IEEE-488
2402-005
(Manual
provided)
Programmable Computer
(Various)
(Manual
provided)
Printer
2350-004
8.8
2310-064
8.3
2310-065
8.4
2610-001
8.16
Strip
X-Y
Interface
Chart
Board
Recorder
Recorder
Incremental
Preset
Extensometer
w/cassette
w/o cassette
8.9
Points
8.10
Energy
MODEL 4201/4202
8.14
(A)
8-1
OPERATING
AN EXPANDED SYSTEM
scale.
The input from a 4200 series
system is a load signal,
wich
is
autaaatically
ranged to full
scale.
A gain factor
is selected on the
Recorder Panel ~ the user.
8 . 2 RBCX>RIERPANEL (PrICM
The optional
Recorder
Panel
permits
the
choice
of
using
a strip
chart
recorder
or X-Y recorder
as a
readout
device
for a load signal.
The recorder
has a unidirectional
chart
with
nine selectable
speeds
the tiE
drive
JOOde.
The range
speeds
is 1.0 to 500 mm/min (0.05
20 in/min).
Selection
keys on the panel allow
the
user
to
choose
an operating
range
for
a recorder
from
seven
fixed gain factors.
The keys can be
enabled for setting
either
the load
or strain
channel
range.
The gain
factors
are a percentage
of the maxialD capacity
of the loai
cell,
or
strain
gage,
in use that
cause a
full
scale reading on the recorder.
In the proportional
drive
mode,
chart
speed has a range of 0 to 600
mm/min (0 to 24 in/min).
Speed is
controlled
by pulses
fran the 4200
series console which are proportional to the speed of the 8:>ving cr~s-
A proportional
mode provides
a
selection
of
six
ratios
between
crosshead
and chart
speeds for
a
strip
chart recorder.
Parameter selection
controls
allow time,
crosshead position
or strain
to drive the
x-axis
of an X-Y recorder,
with settable
full
scale position
span and
time base.
are given in Table 6-4.
8.3.2
M:>DEL
4201/4202
are
Recorder
user-
Panel.
is
supplied
with
280
Installation
8.3.3~ration
An Operating
Instructions
manual
is supplied
with
the recorder.
However,
this
section
provides
the differences
in operation
when used with
a 4200 series
systen
and the procedures
for using
the Recorder
Panel.
~-=ription
Strip
range
input
ratios
To use the recorder
with
the 4200
series
system,
plug the cable
(ASO420) provided
with
the unit
inbO connector,
J9 (RECORDER), in the console
(reference
Section
6.10).
STRIP aIA1a' RBroRIZR
The Instron
has a single
0 to 10 vdc
on the
The recorder
A description
of the auxiliary
output
jacks
(J2)
on the control
console connector
panel is given in
Section 8.5.
These jacks are available for signal
monitoring
when the
Recorder Panel is installed.
8.3.1
The
selectable
mm wide,
metric-scaled,
Z-~ld
paper.
Paper
scaled
in English
units is available
from Instron.
The operation
of
the
Recorder
Panel with
an Instron
Strip
Chart
Recorder and an Instron
X-Y Recorder
are described
in Sections
8.3 and
8.4, respectively.
8.3
head.
The 4200 series
systen
provides
an automatic
chart st~
signal
at a
crosshead -returncommand. Pipping
of the pen (event marker)
is possible
through
the PIP jack
on the
loading
frame connector
panel
(see
section
8.15).
The Recorder
Panel option
also
includes
a Recorder
Board,
as described
in Section
3.5.2.
Descriptions
of
Recorder
Panel
control
functions
in
of
to
8.3.3.1 Pen
Chart
Recorder,
which
requires
a
signal
for
full
Scali~
for
~8l
Signal
a. Press LOADRANGEkey on the
8-2
OPERATING AN EXPANIED SYSTmt
Recorder
enable
Panel.
the
load
channel.
load
Basic
This
will
% RANGE keys
range
Panel
The
will
appear
Display.
in
load cell
is installed,
simply
hang a precision
weight
from
the cell
and measure the pen
deflection.
The amount of pen
deflection
depends
upon the
RANGE ,
selected
(Section
the
current
on
the
8.3.3.1,
b. Press ZERO key on Recorder
Panel.
This will
set the load
signal
to the pen at a zero
reference.
The Basic
Panel
Display
will
show
"0000..
Adjust
POSITION control
on
recorder
to
set
pen
at
the
b. If
cell
dure
used
cell
below)
will
a zero
position.
c. Press a % key on Recorder
Panel to select
the gain factor for a full
scale pen deflection.
This will
set the
percentage
of full
scale
of
the installed
load cell
which
will
be
calibrated
to
10
volts.
The Basic Panel Display will
show value selected
(see Example).
Example: Assume a 5 kN load cell
installed.
Key
Legend
Display
Shows
er
5.000
2.500
2.000
1.250
1.000
.5000
.2500
8 3 . 3 2 CheckinCJ
.
.
Pen
full
which
scale
sets
value.
NOTE
and Example).
M)TE
The
voltage,
generated
when
the
load
cell
calibration
relay is closed,
is the same as
would
be produced
by an applied
load equal
to 50% of the
maximum capacity
of the cell.
This
signal
is always
the
5I
equivalent
value
(newtons)
for
whatever
system of units
is in
is
use, as shown in Table 8-2.
Full
Scale
on Recorder
5.00
2.50
2.00
1.25
1.00
.50
.25
Step c.)
a self
identified
load
is
installed,
the proceof Step a. above may be
or,
by closing
the
load
calibration
relay
(Step
1
a precision
load signal
be applied
to the record-
(see
Table
100%
50%
40%
25%
20%
10%
5%
chart
kN
kN
kN
kN
kN
kN
kN
8-2.
Calibration
4200 Series
Signal
Load Cells
calibration
(Optional)
Instron
recorders
are calibrated
at the factory
and should
not require
adjustment.
However, pen deflection
can be checked for accuracy
by producing
a known load
signal
from
the
balanced
and calibrated
load cell.
The method used depends
upon the type of cell
in use, as
follows:
a.
If
a non-self
MODEL 4201/4202
*To
Example: Assume a 5
500 kg) load cell
and English
units
A % RANGE of 100
identified
(B)
convert
newtons:
1. Multiply
by 0.2248089
obtain
pounds.
2. Multiply
by 0.1019716
obtain
kilograms.
8-3
to
to
kN (1000 lb,
is installed
are in use.
is selected
OPERATING AN EXPANDED SYSTEM
recorder
for a recorder
full
scale value of 1000 lb.
The pen will
deflect
an equivalent
562 lb
(56.2'
of full
scale on a 10inch chart)
when the calibration
r"elay is closed.
(This
signal
appears
on the
LOAD
display
of the optional
Display
Panel,
if
TRACK is
b. Press PROP key on Recorder
Panel to enable the RATIO selection
keys.
The PROP lamp
will
light
and the LOAD RANGE
laap
To close
load
cell
cali-
bration
relay,
press
LOAD CAL
key and then press
0 and ENTER
on keypad.
The LOAD CAL and
LOAD BAL lamps
will
both
be
lit
when this
relay
is closed.
- After
2. IM~
Example:
check-
go
out.
Assume a crosshead
speed
10 mm/min is selected.
Key
Legend
ing pen deflection,
open the
calibration
relay by repeating
the sequence used to close the
relay:
Press LOAD CALi then
press 0 ~BiTi
~ ont e:yp-ad.
The IDAD CAL and IDAD 8AL
lamps will go out.
A test can
not be started when the calibration relay is closed.
Recorder
Display
Shows
2
1
1
1
1
1
2:1
1: 1
1:2
1:5
1: 10
1:20
of
Cha~
1
1
2
5
10
20
5
10
20
50
100
200
Speed
mm/min
mm/min
mm/min
mm/min
mm/min
mm/min
II:1rB
8.3.3.3 Cbart
Ti8e
Drive
TO operate
in
the
mode: (Also see Section
a. Set
corder
will
~
c. Press a RATIO key on Recorder
Panel to set a ratio
between
crosshead
speed and
chart
speed.
The Basic Panel
Display
will
show the value
selected
(see Example).
enabled.)
1.
to PROP
PROP/TIME
to TIME.
Mode
Time
8.3.4)
switch
The chart
speed of the Instron
Strip
Chart
Recorder
is liaited to 500 mm/min
(20 in/min).
If
a higher
speed is attempted,
the
PROP lamp on the Recorder
Panel will
flash.
Drive
on re-
d. Press SELECT X AXIS pas key
on Recorder Panel (the related
lamp will
light).
This avoids
interaction
with X-Y channel.
b. Select
chart
speed using
CHART DRIVE keys on recorder.
c. Press SELECT X AXIS POS key
on Reoorder Panel (the related
lamp will
light).
This avoids
interaction
with X-Y channel.
e.
Chart
when a test
motion
is
will
started
start
and
the
crosshead moves up or down.
d.
Chart
motion
when a test
is
will
started
start
and
8.3.4
the
crosshead moves up or down.
8.3.3.4 Chart
TO operate
in
the
1. It
press
a.
Set
PROP/TIME
MODEL 4201/4202
switch
(0)
-
Strip
Chart
is not necessary
to
the START/STOP switch
deon
the
recorder,
as the
chart
will
start
automatically
when
a test
is started.
The chart
will
stop if the crosshead
is
commanded to
-return-,
but
Proportional
Drive mode: (Also see Section
Notes
Recorder
Proportional
M)de
Drive
Operating
8.3.4)
on
8-4
will
keep running
if a .stop.
command is entered
while
the
crosshead
is
moving
up or
down.
(If
the
recorder
START/STOP switch
is set
to
START, the
chart
will
run
continuously
after
a test
is
started.)
on control
0 Calibration
sible
from
8.4.1
equivalent)
which
selected.
X-Y
Recorder
automatically
has
ranged
to
A gain factor
is selecRecorder
Panel by the
X-axis
can be set
to
track
the position
of
a time base, or strain.
the
crosshead,
The 4200 series
system provides
an automatic
pen lift
signal
at
crosshead
"return"
and "jog"
commands.
Also,
the pen will
lift
automatically
if
system main power
is shut down.
Pipping
of the pen
(event marker)
is possible
through
the PIP jack on the loading
frame
connector
panel (see Section
8.15).
The recorder
is factory
calibrated
for
operation
in
English
or
metric
units,
as specified
by the
user.
If not specified,
calibration
is in English
units.
A supply of 11
x
17 in.
graph
paper,
compatible
with the calibrated
units,
is provided with the recorder.
The following additional
supplies
are available from Instron:
Paper (English
Units)
Paper (Metric
Units)
Pens, Black (6)
Pens, Red (6)
The recorder
is similar
to the
Model 910 unit described
in the manufacturer's
manual,
except
for
the
following
additional
features:
8.4.2
0 Power input connector
adaptable
for 100, 120, 220 or 240 VAC
0 Signal
input cable supplied
with recorder
(D)
is
full
scale.
ted on the
user.
The
8.4 X-Y RBCORIER
MODEL 4201/4202
Instron
The input
on the Y-axis
from a
4200 series
system is a load signal
The Instron
X-Y Recorder is an
optional
readout device supplied
for
use with a 4200 Series system.
This
recorder
(Instron
Catalog No. 2310065) is manufactured
by Allen
Datagraph,
Inc.,
Salem, NH 03079.
An
instruction
manual,
Allen
Part No.
90060047,
is supplied
with
the recorder and should be referred
to for
unpacking,
specifications,
paper and
pen loading,
theory
of operation,
routine
maintenance
and
troubleshooting
procedures.
A replacement
copy of the manual is available
from
Allen Datagraph.
f
provided
panel
adjustments
accescontrol
panel
Description
The
3. Always verify
the RATIO in
use
for
proportional
mode
operation
before
starting
a
test.
This
can be changed
during
a test,
but PROP must
be enabled
(lamp lit).
The
Basic Panel Display
will
show
the ratio
selected.
".
pushbutton
single
range
X and Y axes which
require
0 to 10 vdc input
signals
for
full
scale.
The X-axis
has a 38 cm
(15 in.)
span,
and the Y-axis
has a
25 cm (10 in.)
span.
2. Always verify
the RANGE'
in
use
before
starting
a
test.
This
can be changed
during
a test,
but LOAD RANGE
must be enabled
(lamp lit).
The Basic
Panel Display
will
show the
full
scale
value
(load
ZERO check
0
Installation
8.4.2.
Pover
The Instron
8-5
88-6-18
88-6-19
3740-137
3740-138
Require8ents
X-Y recorder
is
set
8.4.2.3
at
the
factory
to accept
a aain
power input
of 120 :t:10 VAC, single
phase.
A 3-wire
power cable
for
that
voltage
is included.
If
the
power source
to be used is
this
standard
voltage,
proceed to Section
8.4.2.3,
Signal
Input
Connection.
If not,
follow
the instructions
in
Section 8.4.2.2.
Signal
Input
TO use the X-Y Recorder with the
4200 series
system,
plug the cable
(A504-128)
provided
with
the unit
into the connector
on the underside
of the recorder
and into connector,
J9 (RECORDER), in the console
(see
Section 6.10).
8.4.2.2 Nonstandard Main Power
8J'rB
If the power source
to be used is
not
120 % 10 VAC, the
power
input
connector
on the
underside
of
the
recorder
can be altered
to
accept
other
voltages
in the range of 90 to
250 VAC (see Table
below).
X-Y
Recorder
Line
Voltage
The recorder
must
to operate
properly.
.
To adapt the X-Y Recorder
for a
different
line
voltage,
extract
the
small printed
circuit
card from the
power input connector
(use long nose
pliers)
and reinsert
it with the desired
voltage
visible.
Ensure that
the fuse is properly
seated.
(0)
RANGE keys
range
Panel
in
the
The current
will
appear
Display.
on
the
b. Press ZERO key on Recorder
Panel.
This will
set the load
signal
to the pen at zero.
The Basic
Panel Display
will
show .0000..
Adjust
the Y
POSITION
control
to
set
pen
at
a zero position.
(The pen
should not shift
if the ZERO
pushbutton
is pressed.)
Panel
Press
to
a ,
key on Recorder
select
the
gain
..-
factor
for
a full
scale
pen
deflection.
This will
set the
percentage
of
full
scale ~f
the installed~celt-which
will
be
calibrated
to
10
volts.
The Basic Panel Display will
show value selected
(see Example).
8:nB
MODEL 4201/4202
the'
channel.
load
Basic
c.
type
foc Load Signal
a. Press LOAD RANGE key on
Recorder Panel.
This will
load
- high
(live)
Blue - low (neutral)
Yellow
- earth/ground
slo-blo,
Pen Scaling
enable
If the X-Y Recorder is to be adapted for 200-250 VAC operation,
the
power cable must be altered
byadding a male plug that
is specified
for
that
power source outlet.
Observe the following
CEE wire color
code for the cable:
a 1/2-amp
grounded
An Operating
Instructions
manual
is supplied
with
the recorder.
However,
this
section
provides
the differences
in operation
when used with
a 4200 series
system
and the
procedures
required
to use the Recorder
Panel
for
setting
inputs
to
the
X
and Yaxes.
Selection
The fuse requirement
for
AC power
input
voltages
be
8.4.3 Operation
8.4.3.1
Brown
Light
Green'
Connection
all
is
JAG.
8-SA
Example:
Assume a 5 kN load
installed.
Key
Legend
5.000
2.500
2.000
1.250
1.000
.5000
.2500
8.4.3.2
to Section
8.4.3.3X-Azis
of
Press
(Position
~
Mode
SPAN key
Recorder
Panel.
related
lamp
light.
Enter
will
the
tracking
The
factor
on the numeric keypad.
This value is the displacement
(extension)
of the crosshead
from gage length
that
is to
appear as full
scale
on the
recorder.
Example:
Enter
2.000 for 2 mm of extension
to
drive
the X-axis
38 cm (or 2
in. of extension
to drive
the
X-axis 15 in.).
The displayed
number will
flash until
it has
been entered
into the system.
e. Set the X-axis
reference
position
ing the recorder
MODEL 4201/4202
as a function
The
e. Set the X-axis
at a zero
reference
position
by adjusting the recorder
X POSITION
control
while holding
the ZERO
pushbutton
depressed.
8.4.3.5 X-Axis
The
of
TO drive
strain:
the
Strain
X-axis
~ive
Mode
as a function
~E
conThe
The use of a strain
channel
for
recording
purposes
requires
the installation
of an
optional
Strain
Sensor Board
at a zero
by adjustX POSITION
(0)
X-axis
d. Press SELECT TLME key on
the recorder
panel
to enable
this
function
to control
the
recorder
X-axis.
The related
lamp will
light.
d. Press the SELECT POS (Position)
key on recorder
panel to
enable
this
function
to
trol
the recorder
X-axis.
related
lamp will
light.
the
c. Press ENTER on keypad.
number will
stop flashing.
scale
c. Press ENTERon keypad.
number will stop flashing
ZERO
b.
Enter
the
recorder
time
base on the numeric
keypad.
This
value
is the number of
minutes
required
for
the recorder to reach full
scale (10
volts).
The time base is reset to 0 volts
and the pen is
returned
to the origin
on a
crosshead
return
command.
Example: ~ obtain
a 5 minute
time base on the X-axis,
enter
5.000.
The displayed
number
will
flash
until
it has been
entered
into the system.
SET POS. P.S.
Scale)
on the
b.
~t-~
the
Pull
the
a. Press
the SET TIME F.S.
(Time Full
Scale)
MIN key on
the Recorder
Panel.
The related lamp will
light.
TO drive
the X-axis
as a function
moving crosshead
position:
a.
~-z~../
To drive
of time:
kN
kN
kN
kN
kN
kN
kN
Calibration
Drive
holding
depressed.
8.4.3.4 X-AKis Tiae Drive Mode
8.3.3.2)
Position
while
pushbutton
5.00
2.50
2.00
1.25
1.00
.50
.25
Cbecking Y-Axis
(Optional)
(Refer
control
is
Full
Scale
on Recorder
Display
Shows
1°°'
5°'
4°'
25'
2°'
1°'
5'
cell
(see Table 8-1).
8-6
8.4.3.6 Checking
X-Axis
(Optiona1)
a. Select
the active
strain
channel to be used by pressing
the STRAIN 1 or 2 key on the
Basic Panel.
The related
lamp
will
light.
Instron
recorders
are calibrated
at
the
factory
and should
not
require
adjustment.
However,
the
X-axis
on the
X-Y recorder
can be
checked
for
accuracy
by applying
a
known signal
to the input
and measuring
the resulting
deflection.
The
method used depends
upon the mode of
operation,
as follows:
b. Press the SELECT STRAIN X-AXIS key on Recorder Panel.
The related
lamp will
light.
c.
Press
STRAIN RANGE key on
Recorder
Panel.
This will
enable the'
RANGE in the strain
channel.
The current
strain
range will
appear
on the Basic
Panel Display.
If operating
in the Position
Drive
mode, allow
the
moving crosshead
to drive
(up
or down).
Check that the recorder
X-axis
deflection,
as
modified
by the scale
factor
in
use
(Section
8.4.3.3),
tracks
the displacement
shown
on the EXTENSION readout
of
the
optional
Display
Panel.
a.
d. Press ZERO key on Recorder
Panel.
This
will
set
the
strain
signal
to the X-axis at
a zero reference.
The Basic
Panel
Display
will
show
.0000..
Adjust
X POSITION
control
on
the
recorder
to
set
b.
a
zero
position.
(There
should
be no shift
in
the
X-axis
position
if
the ZERO
pushbutton
is pressed.)
e.
On
the
Recorder
is
Key
Legend
Display
Shows
Full
Scale
on Recorder
c.
100%
50%
40%
25%
20%
10%
5'
25.00
12.50
10.00
6.25
5.00
2.50
1.25
2.50
1.25
1.00
.68
.50
.25
.13
If
(Section
operating
Drive
mode
the
X-axis
checked
by:
the
Time
8.4.3.4),
1.
in
(Section
deflection
a non-self
If
the
Strain
8.4.3.5),
can be
identified
extensometer
is
in
use,
displace
the extensometer
using
a
used.
t"
(D)
mode
in
Panel,
capability
MODEL 4201/4202
operating
the X-axis
deflection
versus
time can be checked with
an
accurate
timing device.
Example: Assume a strain
gage extensometer with
a 25mm gage
length
and a
10% maximum
~'
If
Drive
press a , key to select
the
gain
factor
for
full
scale
deflection
on
the
X-axis.
This will
set the percentage
of full
scale,
of the maximum
strain
of
the
installed
extensometer,
which will
be calibrated
to
10 volts.
The
Basic Panel Display
will
show
_value selected
(see Example).
strain
Calibration
...,
~..,
precision
device
such as a
micrometer
calibrator.
Measure
the
X-axis
deflection.
This depends upon the RANGE'
selected
(Section
8.4.3.5,
Step e.)
which
sets
a full
scale
2.
value.
If
a
self
identified
ex tensome ter
is
in use,
the
procedure of Step a. above may
be used or,
by closing
the
extensometer
calibration
relay,
as in Step (a) below,
a
precision
strain
signal
will
be applied
to
the
recorder
(see the following
NOTE and
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
Imn
Example).
8-7
with
a 4200 system,
set the
WAD/RUN switch
to RUN. This
will
activate
both axes.
(a)
TO close
extensometer
calibration
relay,
press
the STRAIN CAL key and then
press 0 and ENTER on keypad
The STRAIN CAL and
STRAIN BAL lamps will
be
It is not necessary
to set
the
PEN UP/DOWN switch
to
DOWN, as the pen will
drop
automatically
when a test
is
started
and
the
crosshead
moves up or down.
The pen
will
.lift.
if
the crosshead
is
commanded to
"return"or
2.
.
lit
when
relay
is
closed.
R:1rB
The voltage,
generated
when
the
extensometer
calibration
relay
is closed,
is the same
as would be produced by an applied
strain
equal to 100' of
the maximum capacity
of
the
extensometer.
This
strain
signal
is always an equivalent
value for the system of units
in use and the strain
operat-
ing mode (see Section
-joq.,
PEN switch
8.11.2).
~
0
and
ENTER
on
The jacks
Operating
Botes
- X-Y
is set to DOWN.)
(J2)
on
LOAD
-0
to
To operate
MODEL 4201/4202
the
X-Y
STRAIN
connector
full
the
following
scale
0 to
10 vdc
full
scale
2 -
0 to
10 vdc
full
scale
SWITCHED- Position,
Time or Strain
outputs
as set by SELECT X-AXIS
keys
on
Reoorder
Panel
(see
Sections
8.4.3.3,
8.4.3.4
and
8.4.3.5).
Recorder
outputs
recorder
(D)
the
-
STRAIN
~
10 vdc
TIME/POSITION .
JACKS
The jacks
provide
output
signals:
The STRAIN CAL and
STRAIN BAL lamps will
go
out.
A test
can not be
started
when the calibration relay is closed.
8.4.4
down on
panel
at the rear of the console
are
parallel
outputs
of the signals
used
to drive
an X-Y recordec
(Section
8-4).
These ace pcovided
for
signal
monitoring
purposes
at the convenience of the user.
After
checking
X-axis deflection,
open the calibration
relay
by repeating
the sequence
used to close
the relay:
Press
S~H
CA:L~ thenpress
remain
.stop.
command.
stay down if the
8. 5 AUXILIARY ~P(1l"
-
DIlI(jKDft
will
3. Always verify
the RANGE'
in use for
the load channel
(or
strain
channel)
before
starting
a test.
This can be
changed
during
a test,
but
WAD RANGE (or STRAIN RANGE)
must be enabled
(lamp lit).
The Basic
Panel Display
will
show the full
scale value selected
in
load
(or
strain)
equivalent
units.
Example: Assume a self identified
strain
gage extensoaeter
with
a 1-inch gage length and a 10'
maximum strain
capability
is
in use. The system is set for
English units,
the strain operating
mode is Percent
(')
and a , RANGEof 100 is selected for a full
scale strain
value.
The X-axis will
deflect
the full
span (15 in.),
which is equivalent
to 10'
strain,
when the strain calibration relay is closed. (This
signal appears on the STRAIN
display
of the optional
Display Panel.)
(b)
but
a crosshead
(The pen will
8-8
4S set
Time
by
or
Position
SEI,ECT X-AXIS
~
keys on Recorder
Panel
(see
Sections 8.4.3.3, and 8.4.3.4).
The Proportional
chart
control
is not available
system
memory (nonvolatile)
overwritten
b¥ the next test,
system is reset.
mode for strip
8.3.3.4)
(see
at
Section
the J2
When Area Compensation
is in use,
the gain of the load signal
applied
to the LOAD display
is divided
by
the normalized
mantissa
(base number) of the area value (see Section
7.8.4).
Hence, when Area Compensat!on is not equal to 1.000, the WAD
d1~play
indicates
the
normalized
jacks.
The
relationship
between
the
SWITCHED and TIME/poSITION
outputs
depend
upon
the
X-Axis
function
selected
on the Recorder
Panel,
as
shown in Table 8-3.
value
Table
8-3.
X-Axis
I
Console
Connector
Panel
J2 Jacks X-Axis
Outputs
I
of
stress.
Specimen loading
Area compensation
. 1.56
SWI'1'CHED;'TlME/POSITION
Output
Output
Position
LOAD display
Time
T
limits
will
be
or
as
selected
Panel (Section
a
differential
to
avoid
meter
ground
to
or
loop
The STRAIN
blank
if
a
not installed.
8.7).
the
jacks,
floating
8.6.2
input
(psi)
Panel
are
Description
The optional
Display
Panel
has
three
4-digit
LCD displays
which
al1<* the current
value
of load,
extension
and strain
to be tracked
for
observing
during
a test.
The tracking value
on each display
at the end
of a test
is not stored.
be
is
will
option
~ration
TRACK key
functions
is
are
pressed.
always
These
recorded.
b. Press the PEAK key to Rt
the displays to show load, eKte..ion
and strain
va1ues that
occur at the p!ak load
dur i~
a test.
This can be oone at
any time, either before, during, or at the end of a test
when the values
are stored.
The PEAK lamp is lit
when this
Additional
functions
enable
the
values of load, extension
and strain
at peak load am at specimen break
to be saved for viewing
on the displays
at the end of a test.
The
peak and break values
are stored
in
(A)
display
strain
strain
m the displays
at 81Y
tt.e
during
a test.
The TRACK
lamp will
light
and the three
displays
will
show the
constantly
dhanging
values
While
the test
is in progress.
The
storage
of peak aM break values is not interrupted
when the
effects.
.
MODEL 4201/4202
12.82
a. Press the ftACK key to
track
load,
extension
am
use
8 6 DISPLAY PAREL
8.6.1
20 lb
(normalized)
NO'l"B
The J2
jacks
accept
standard
8banana plugs8.
The red jack
is
signal
8high81
the
black
jack
is
signal
ground.
When connecting
a
recorder
-
shows
on the Limits
A.)
Descriptions
of the Display
control
and indicator
functions
contained
in Table
6-2.
Time
*Strain
(See Appendix
EXAMPLE
I
Function
until
or the
function
8-9
is ~tive.
OPERATI~
AN EXPANDFD SYSTm.
c. Press the ~
the displays
to &bow load. 5tension
and strain
va1ues at
speci~n
Meat.
This
can be
done at any time,
either
before,
during,
or at the end of
a test
when the values
are
stored.
During
a test,
the
displays
will
remain blank until
a break condition
occurs.
I
The BREAK lamp
this
function
is
is
lit
Brl'aSICM
CYCLE
Panel
1.
is
-
stop
crosshead
either
at
load
or
strain
to be
chan-
For
to
the
strain
limits
When a Recorder
be
Panel
system
dtanged
operating
(Section
units
6.9.1),
any Load, Extension
and Strain
(1 and 2) limits
previously
set on the Limits
Panel default
to .0. and the related
crosshead
action
defaults
to
.OFF..
Any STATUS lamp which
is lit
to indicate
an active
load,
extension
or
strain
channel
limit
will
90 out.
Each limit
must be reset using
values stated
in ter.
of the
limit
current
(A)
the
8JrBS
(1 or 2) dlannel
limits
enabled,
the
respective
nel must be calibrated.
are,
position.
MODEL 4201/4202
For
3. When
independently.
STOP
Panel
6-3.
is
installed,
the
recorder
X-axis
selection
control
(X-Y
~RDER
SELECT) on the panel
must be set to STRAIN.
Description
a
CYCLE and OFF.
IMPOftAR'r
enabled
at
at
8.7.2 Operation
The optional
Limits
Panel allows
the user to specify
a crosshead action to be independently
assigned to
the maximum and minimum values
of
load,
extension
aoo strain
that 0ccur during
a test,
and to specimen
break.
Limits
for
the two strain
channels
(1 and 2) 8Ust
be set
,...
except
Descriptions
of the Limits
control
functions
are in Table
8. 1 LIMI"l'S PAlmI.
assigned
~tion
Display.
occurs,
2.
The action
can be:
between
An indicator
lamp lights
at the
active
limit
and at the corresponding crosshead
~tion
key.
A STATUS
indicator
lamp is
lit
Whenever a
limit
is set to control
a crosshead
action.
The lamp flashes
after
the
limit
is
reached
and the
~tion
S"1'RA:IR dis-
e. Press the RBSB'l' PEAKS key
during
a test
to reset stored
peak va1ues of load, stensiCX1
and strain
to va1ues at the
current
Load.
Peak storage
is
then updated to values at the
next peak load.
This key does
not change which
values
are
selected
to
be
displayed
8.1.1
crosshead
Limits
are
set
and crosshead
action
assigned
before
starting
a
test.
The limits
are entered
into
the systen through
the numeric keypad and are viewed
on the Basic
when
Peak or Track)
and
only during
a test.
- no
OFF
plays to show va1ues at speci.en bl:eak.
This can be done
at
any time,
either
before,
durin9,
or at the end of a
test
When values
are stored.
The PEAK BREAK lamp is
Ii t
when this function
is active.
(Break,
active
cycle
-
limits.
active.
and
crosshead to qaqe
length.
d. Press the PEAK .uK
key to
set the LOAD display
to show
peak load value for a test and
the
- return
RETURN
key to _t
8-10
new operating
units,
and
crosshead
action
selected.
4.
the
SION or STRAIN limit
key (MIN
or MAX) for the required
limit.
The related
lamp will
light
and the current
limit
value will
appear on the Basic
When the operating
mode for
the Strain
1 and 2 channels
is
changed (Section
8.11.2),
any
Strain
1 or 2 limits
previously set on the Limits
Panel default
to "0" and the related
crosshead
action
defaults
to
"OFF".
The STATUS lamp, which
may be lit
to indicate
that
the
limits
for
a selected
strain
channel
are
active,
will
go out.
Each limit
must
be reset
using
values
stated
in terms of the new ~erating
mode, and the crosshead action
selected.
Panel
b.
the
MAX
=
load
to
200
100
lb.)
keypad.
1"
a.
Press
MODEL 4201/4202
the
and
displayed
until
it has
the system.
(LOAD ~X
Press
the
CROSSHEAD
ACTION key for the limit
just
entered.
Indicator
lamps
(ACTION and STATUS) for
the
limit
will
light.
EXTEN-
(A)
-) of the
load cell
in use
increasthe 4200
most neq-
c. Press ENTER on keypad
The number will
stop flashing
a crosshead
LOAD,
The
flash
into
the maximum load
key) to -100 lb.
d.
limit
and the
(see NOTES 1
the limit
on
ative
value
as the
minimum
load
(or strain).
For example:
If load limits
of -300 lb
and -100 lb are
specified
for
a test,
set the minimum load
(LOAD MIN key) to -300 lb, and
Before
setting
stress Ii.its,
the
user
sboold
be faailiar
with
the
li.itations
due to
load
cell
capaci ty
as described
in Appendix A, Section
A.8.3.
a
value,
2. If the sign
(+ or
output
signal
of the
(or strain
transducer)
is negative
(-) with
ing load
(or strain),
system
considers
the
[:~~~~~~]
To set
action:
the
1. If the sign (+ or -) of the
output
signal
of the load cell
(or strain
transducer)
in use
is negative
(-) with
increasing load (or strain),
then a
limit
value
(maximum or minimum load or strain)
must also
be negative.
Press the % key
on the keypad to obtain
the
correct
sign
when setting
a
limit.
= 2.0
Actual
a STRAIN
N<1l'ES
Maximum stress
limit
- 100 psi
Area compensation
(normalized)
LOAD LIMIT
Enter
number will
been entered
EXAMPLE
(NOTE:
If
sign
if
neqative
and 2 below),
of
5. When Area Compensation
is in
use, the gain of the load signal actuating
the Load Limits
is divided
by the normalized
mantissa
(base number) of the
area
value
(see
Section
7.8.4).
Hence, when Area Compensation
is
not
equal
to
1.000, the Load Limits
should
be set based on the normalized
value of stress.
Set
Display.
limit
is to be set,
select
the
channel
(STRAIN 1 or 2) on the
Basic
Panel
to wich
the limit
will
apply.
8-11
OPERATI~
AN EXPANDm
SYSTEJot
e.
break,
then a CROSSHEAD ACTION key.
the
user
why the
action
occurred
(except
at the CYCLE and OFF actions).
The lamp will
stay flashing
until
the next test is started.
EXAMPLE
8 . 8 PRIvrER
tion
To set a crosshead
acto
occur
at
specimen
press the BREAK key and
Crosshead
imum load
return
to
specimen
to
stop
of
200
gage
8.8.1 Description
at a maxlb,
and to
length
if
The printer
option
for
a 4200
series
system provides
a hard copy
record
of test
parameters
and results.
This printer
features
up to
80 characters
on a line,
which may
consist
of letters,
numbers or special
symbols,
printed
at a rate
of
about
100 characters
per
second.
The printout
includes
the name, value and units
of several
parameters,
as described
in Section
8.8.4.
breaks.
Enter key sequence:
[LOAD MIN] [2] [0] [0] [ENTER]
[ S'1'0P ] [ BREAK] [ RETURN]
Whenever one of
the
six
limit
condition
lamps, or the break lamp,
is lit,
one of the four
crosshead
lamps will
be lit.
The crosshead
action
may be changed by pressing
another action
key.
The printer
supplied with
fold
paper.
R:n'B
paper
are
If the crosshead
action
is to
CYCLE between WAD limits
during a compression
test and the
load cell
in use has a positive
(+) output
signal
for an
increase
in
load
(2511-200
series),
set TESTING AREA to
8.8.2
Installation
ABOVEXHEAD(Section
available
from
Instron.
To use the printer
with the 4200
system,
plug
the
cable
(A459-97)
provided
with the unit
into connector,
J3 (PRINTER), on the connector
panel at the rear of the console.
7.8.6).
The printer
and the 4200 system
are set up at the factory
for a baud
rate of 1200.
A baud rate of 300
can be selected,
if
required.
To
chanqe baud rate
in the
printer,
refer
to the manufacturer's
manual
provided
with the unit.
The limit
settings
may be checked
by pressing
each limit
key and reading
the
setting
on the Basic
Panel
Display.
(:~~~!!~~]
To change baud rate in the 4200
system,
requires
changing
a switch
position
in the control
console.
An
8-section
DIP switch
assembly
(SS)
is located
on the lower right-hand
corner of the motherboard
(reference
Always verify
that
the liait
settinqs
and crosshead actions
are properly
set before startinq a test.
Also, always ensure that
liait
settiDCja
are
within
the _yimua
capacity
of
the load cell
in use.
Figure
(B)
6-11).
The No.4
switch
of
the 85 assembly,
marked 1200 BAUD,
controls
the
system baud rate
as
shown in Figure
8-1.
The switch
is
accessed by removing
the left
rear
corner
panel
of
the
console,
as
described
in Section 6.9.
Note the
When a limit
or specimen break
causes a crosshead action,
the related STATUS lamp will
flash to inform
MODEL 4201/4202
is set up for and
91/2 x 11 inch fanAdditional
pads of
8-12
position
of the NO.4
switch
for
1200 baud.
To change to 300 baud,
push down on the OPEN side of the
switch with a sharp pointed
tool.
It
is not necessary
to shut power off.
NM"E
All
crosshead
c~mands
are
locked out during a printout.
8.8.4 Printout
Poraat
The format of the Printer
ootput
consists
of up to seven lines
and
five
fields,
depending
upon parameters
and actions
that
are included
or omitted
as described
below.
The printout
Line
1 - indicates
tive
Strain
Figure
8-1.
Baud Rate
Units
If
and Strain
Switch,
S5
8.8.3
required
a 4200
a.
to
series
Tb obtain
use
PRINT
set
the
manual
This
pro-
and Energy.
is
Peak
current
~Extension,
installed,
(No.4)
the
omitted.
data.
lists
Break
data.
If
break did not occur,
line 3
4
Line
5 - Preset
-
Preset
Points
is anitted.
Line
unit
6
-
Point
are
2 data.
suppressed,
Crosshead
Speed
If
line
5
and Area
(Area Compensation).
at
key
Line
any
is
on
8.8.5
7
re-
(A)
-
Energy
(total).
suppressed,
and
Printer
line
If
the
Energy
7 are
omitted.
Energy
field
Units
The units that appear on a printout
depend upon the selection
of
operating
units
(English,
metric,
SI),
as described
in Section
6.9.
In addition,
the printed
units
for
Strain
depend upon the type of extensometer
installed
(self
identified or non-self
identified)
and the
strain
operatil'M1 mode - percent
or
diDplacement - (Dee Section 8.11.2).
quired.
A printout
will
occur
after
every
test
as long as
the option
i5 enabled.
MODEL 4201/4202
2,
not
Line
(No.5)
condition
the
Load,
Preset
Point
1 data.
If
Preset Points
are suppressed,
line 4
is omitted.
b. To obtain
a printout
automatically
at
the
end of
a
test,
enter
the key sequence
[S1]
[6]
[x] on the keypad.
The Basic
Panel Display
must
show .SL 6. for this option
to
be enabled,
and .SL-6.
to be
disabled.
Toggle the .x. key
to
is
is:
3 -
specimen
is omitted.
system.
a printout
time,
press the
the Basic Panel.
the
Strain
field
Line
~ratiOD
cedures
with
for
1 or
Line 2 - lists
6.9.1.)
An Operating
Instructions
is supplied
with the printer.
section
provides
the additional
units
Strain
Strain
(The S3 and S4 switch
assemblies
are shown in Figure
8-1 for
location
purposes
only.
The S3 assembly
sets
the
addressing
of
the IEEE-488
option
am is described
in a separate
manual.
The S4 switch
controls
the
system
operating
units,
as detailed
in Section
format
8-13
OPERATI~
AN EXPANDED SYSTmof
The units
printout
that
will
appear in
of
the Strain
field
~
the
are
(Reference
Table
8-5)
shown in Table 8-4.
Table
8-4.
Strain
Strain
Mode
ExtensometeI
I
Units
Type
Self
Identified
'Strain
I
All
~
I
I
-
"MM" or
8-5. Energy Units
Extens.
I
I Type
Metric
identified
used,
"SN"
instead
of
by
RAR.)
Printout
La/A
'£AX.
Energy
Units
I.
fllU
-I.'I'EOZ
S'I'
JJS'
S'II
LI'II
flJLS
-7.'OEOO
.-.
-'7.'EII
JJ S'
-7 "'EII
,nl-
-Z"IE-II
1000
-I
,na-
-Z "JE-OI
1001
-S 117EO-
SPED. '01.
TOTAl.
UU5Y-
1-1"1-7
UEALI'SI
7J?EI.
170EH
I DOlE-OJ
fllLS/A
IKGF*EX MM/A
Figure
8-2.
.KN*EX MM/A
ISelf
/Strain
I Id*,nt.
ILB*S1 MILS/A
(NOTES 2 & 3)
Metric
IKGF*S1 MM/A
- 8.1.
.-.
-I SISCOI
,...
.6.6,tEOI
I
-J ISOCOI
)000
Iself
I
MODEL 4201/4202
5 100
TOTAL_r.
(See NOTE 4)
Ident.
Figure
(A)
8-14
1'"
""
,nl.
DaD-
8-3.
I.'
-4~S'EII
-"'4EII
-'O'SEII
A.n.
L8.U
Laoa
-4 OI'EII
14 II
008
1.'"1.
-. ,"EOI
Strain
Variable
MILS
I.
-I SISEOI
,nl.
I KN*S 1 MM/A
Non-
Printout
with
as Independent
L8'A
'UK.
-
and
Fiqure 8-2 shows a typical
printout with Strain
as the independent
variable
and Strain
1 as the active
channel.
Fiqure 8-3 shows a ~ical
printout
with Extension
as the independent variable.
(Note that AREA is
qreater
than 1.000 in both printouts,
~ the Load and Enerqy fields
ILB*BX IN/A
I (NOTES 1 & 3)
English
- Enqlish
Energy
"MILS".
show division
- 8.1.
!
for
4. When a non-self
extensometer
is
will
be printed
Extension
-
The units
SN
in Table 8-5.
'Independent
Variabl~
the ~tive
be printed
Total
Energy will
be printed
showing division
by -A- only
when
Canpensation
is -not
equalArea
to 1.000.
Besides
the
system
operati"9
units,
the printed
units
for Energy
and Preset
Points
depend upon the
independent
variable
(extension
or
strain),
and, if strain
is the independent
variable,
the extensometer
type
(self
identified
or non-self
identified).
The units
that
will
appear in the printout
of the Energy
field
and for Total Energy are shown
Table
2. If Strain
2 is
channel,
8S28 will
instead
of 8S18.
3.
(Eng;
DisplaceIment (Met)
Non-Self
Identified
identified
8LD8 will
of 8LB8,
MILS
Displace-
Iment
1. When a non-self
load cell
is used,
be printed
instead
"KGF8 or "KN".
Units
,
IPercent
:
Printout
I OOOE-OI
../A
Printout
with
as Independent
Extension
VAriable
8.9.2 Operation
IJ:)'l'BS
1. The Load, Energy,
Total
Energy
and Area values are always printed
with
the
exponent
shown in
the
floating
point
format:
where,
for
1
=
example,
E01
10-1 = 0.1.
101
= 10 and E-01
The procedure
required
to use the
preset
points
option
is to set
the
independent
variable,
set the preset
point
values,
and then
enable
the
option
to get a printout
at the end
of a test.
The default
condition
of
the independent
variable
is the active
strain
channel
(1 or 2) or extension
if
the strain
option
is not
installed.
a
2. If Strain
1 or Strain
2 is installed
but
not
calibrated,
an
RSNR will
be printed
instead
of
units
in the Strain
field
and a
R
R
instead
of strain
values.
8 . 9 PRESET POIR'l'S
8.9.1
Description
The Preset
Point
option
allows
the user to specify
the values
of up
to two independent
variables
at two
preset
points
for recording
the val-
ues
of
two
dependent
Preset
Points
are
Printer
option
or
tion
is in use.
T
~
variable,
keypad:
The Basic
either,
will
SL-5
Panel
for
SL 5 for
variables.
accessible
if
the
lEEE-488
To set the independent
enter
the sequence
on the
[81]
[5]
[:t].
the
op-
Toggle
quired
Display
Strain,
show
or
Extension
the
[*]
display
key
until
the
re-
appears.
g)TE
The Preset
Points
are set to trip
on a specific
value
of either
extension
or strain.
When this
value
is
reached,
the
system
automatically
records
the values
of load and energyat
those
points.
Figure
8-4 is a
typical
test
curve
showing
the data
obtainable
at preset
points.
The key sequence [81J
[5J
[:J also toggles
the
ergy integration
variable
tween extension
and strain.
The
Points
default
(PPT1,
values
of
PPT2) are:
PPT1
the
[:J
Enbe-
Preset
PPT2
Extension
(in)
Extension
(Dan)
Strain
(%)
Load
1
to
EN
La
EN
To set other
values
within
the range
of the load
or strain
transducer
in
use, enter
the key sequences:
Break
"
~,PT
(51
41]
PPT1 [ENTER]
[81 ]
42] PPT2 [ENTER]
1
Where PPT1 and PPT2 are indicated,
enter
the actual
numerical
value
of
the
independent
variable:
Extension
in inches
or millimeters1
or Strain
in
either
percent,
mils
or millimeters
(see Section
8.11.2).
ExtensIon
Figure 8-4. Typical Test Curve
with
MODEL 4201/4202
Preset
Points
(8)
8-15
To obtain
energy
(see
preset
a printout
of
Section
8.10)
points,
enter
key
load
at
and
the
be obtained
at the end of a test.
The default
condition
of the independent
variable
is
the
active
sequence:
strain
channel
(1 or 2) or
if
strain
is not installed.
[81 J [4J [:t:J
The Basic
either,
Panel
SL-4 to
SL 4 to
Toqqle
quired
units
show
will
suppress
printout,
enable
printout.
or
the
[%) key until
displ8Y
appears.
the
The printed
pressed
Display
in
(see
values
the
are
current
Section
To set
enter
the
keypad:
[81
re-
always
8.10
SL 5 for
Display
show
will
or
Extension
Toggle
the
[j:]
key \D1til
the required
display
appears.
(This
action
also toggles
the independent
variable
for Preset
Points,
as de-
[81)
[4)
[ot)
the
Preset
the IEEE-488
scribed
in Section
8.9.2.)
program.
Tb obtain
a printout
of
values
at the em of a test,
the key sequence:
~
8.10.1
Panel
SL-S for Strain,
IK)'l'E
supervisory
[~J.
[5]
operating
6.9).
The key sequence
does
not
disable
Point
function
of
the independent
variable,
followi~
sequence on the
The Basic
either,
ex-
extension
energy
enter
~ription
(51
The Energy
option
allows
the user
to obtain
at the end of a test:
the
total
energy
under
the
load
curve,
the
values
at Peak
and Break,
and
the
values
at
two
preset
points
(Section
8.9).
Energy
is defined
as
the integral
of composite
load
(analog load divided
~ analog area) and
extension
or strain.
Recorded
values
may
range
from
1.000£-04
to
[:t;)
[3)
The Basic
either,
Panel
Display
SL-3 to suppress
SL 3 to
TO9gle
qui
red
enable
the
[~]
display
show
will
printout,
or
printout.
key
until
the
re-
appears.
2.147E05.
8.11
Energy
is
accessible
if
the
Printer
option
or
the
IEEE-488
option
is in use.
The units
of
energy are described
in
Section
6.9.5, and the printed
units
are
described
8.10.2
in
Section
8.11.1 Introduction
Strain
8.8.5.
boards
on a 4200
sys-
available,
as listed
in
Table
8-1.
The conditioner
board
for
strain
gage extensometers
is normally
installed
in the Strain
1 channel,
am the XL type am LVI:1r type
The procedure
required
to obtain
energy readouts
is to set the independent
variable,
and then
enable
the energy option
80 a printout
can
(A)
measurement
tem
requires
an optional
Strain
Sensor Conditioner
Board to be installed
in
the
control
console.
There
are
three
types
of
these
~ration
MODEL 4201/4202
S'l'RAIR ~~
8-16
OPERATI~
AN EXPANDm
SYSTmaf
8-1).
extensometer
conditioner
boards are
installed
in the Strain
2 channel of
the systea.
Complete
installation
instructions
are included
with
the
strain
measuring
options.
removing
of
1 channel
(see Figure
the left
console,
is accessed by
rear corner
panel
as described
in
Section
6.9. To change position
of
the rocker
type switch,
push down on
either
side
with
a sharp
pointed
tool.
To set the mode for operation
in displacement
units,
push down on
the side of the switch
marked STRAIN
UNITS, and for per~ent,
push down on
the OPEN side of the switch.
8OrB: When using an XL extensometer
for strain measurement with a Microcon II,
The XL conditioner
board,
A504-17, must be installed
in the
Strain
the
The switch
5-8).
The functions
of these
boards
are
similar
to
the
Load
Sensor
Conditioner
Board
described
in
Section
3.5.1.
The output
is an unranged,
or aut08atically
ranged,
0 to 10 vdc
full
scale
strain
signal.
The calibration
procedure
for a strain
channel coapletes
an operating
reliability
check of a Strain
Sensor
conditioner
Board
(see Self
Test Routine,
Section
6.5).
If
the
strain
operating
mode
switch
setting
is changed with
the
system powered down, the Basic Panel
Display
will
show "LOSS" when power
is applied.
This
indicates
that
nonvolatile
memory is reset
to the
default
state
and stored
test
data
is lost.
Load and strain
channels
must be recalibrated
and electronic
liaits
reset.
The strain
signal
may be monitored
during
a test,
used
for
X-Y
recording
of load-strain
data,
used
with
strain
li.its
to control
crosshead action,
and a printout
obtained
of peak,
break
and preset
point
values.
These operations
are described
in other
sections
of Chapter
8.
switch
If
1. Cycle
is
operating
changed
with
mode
power
main power off
then onJ
2. Enter
the system
reset
sequence:
Press 51, then 0 and ENTER
on the keypadJ or,
3. Enter
the .warm start.
quence: Press
switch,
81, then
and [ENTERJ on the keypad.
se[1J
After
switching
units
and performing one of the above procedures,
the Basic
Panel display
will
show
.LOSS.,
indicating
that nonvolatile
memory is reset to the default
state
and stored
test
data is lost
(see
IMPORTANTNOTE).
The user should be aware of the
strain
operating
mode when monitoring the signal,
and setting
up for
strain
recording
and strain
limits.
TO change the strain
operating
mode, requires
changing
the setting
of a switch
in the control
console.
This switch
is part of an 8-section
DIP switch assembly
(S5) located
on
the lower right-band
corner
of the
motherboard
(see Figure
6-11).
Tbe
No. 3 switch
on the S5 assembly is
marked
STRAIN UNITS
(see
Figure
(C)
strain
applied
to
a calibrated
system,
there will
not be an indication
on
the front
panel, but one of the following procedures
must be performed
to make the mode change valid:
The operating
mode for
the Strain
1 and 2 channels
can be selected
by
the user to be either
Percent
Strain
(')
or,
depending
upon the type
of
extensometer,
displacement
in inches
or meters
x 10-3 (mils
or mm).
MODEL 4201/4202
the
setting
IMPORTAR'l'
M)'1"B
After
changing
the strain
operating
8Ode,
load
and strain
channels
8USt be recalibrated
and
all
liaits
reset
(load,
extension,
strain
1 and 2).
8-17
or STRAIN CAL lUlps.
If either
of
these
lamps flash,
the user must
correct
the error before
proceedin9
(reference
Section 7-7).
8 . 1 2 S'rRAIM GAGE
8.12.1 Ov'erviev
The Instron
series
2630 strain
gage
extensometers
are
lightweight
units
that
are provided
with
claftIPS
for
attachi~
the devices
to round
or flat
test
specimens.
These extensometers
are available
in models
covering
high
and medium magnification
ranges,
and with
initial
gage
For maximum accuracy of strain
measurement,
extensometers
should
be mechanically
calibrated
over the range of interest,
as described
in Sec-
lengths
tion 8.12.3.
of 10, 25 or 50
or 2 in.).
are included
Operating
with
each
mID
(1/2,
NO'rB
1
instructions
extensometer.
The
following
procedures,
describing
the calibration
of strain
gage extensometers,
-SUE
that the
devices have been properly
installed
in a 4200 system with a strain
conditioner
board and cabling.
NOTE
A 2630 series
extensometer
may
be a self
identified,
electrically
calibrated
type,
or
a
non-self
identified,
mechanically
calibrated
type.
NOTE
An
extensometer
calibrator
with
a micraneter
~justment,
such as the Instron
High Magnification
type with
a 25 1mB
(or 1 in.)
range, is required
for the mechanical
calibration
procedures.
The calibration
procedure
for
an
extensometer
calibrates
the
strain
measuring
system
of
a 4200 series
instru.ent
against
a precisely
generated
signal,
and sets system cali-
bration
for
the
extensometer
in
use.
The system then is able to
provide
an accurate
strain
signal
which is automatically
ranged during
a test over 100% (X1), 50% (X2), 20%
(XS) and 10'
(X10) of the maximum
range of the extensometer.
,
A test
cannot
be started
while
the STRAIN CAL or STRAIN HAL lamp is
lit,
and the calibration
and balance
functions
are locked
out while
a
test is running.
\..
f
t. .; ~~.
~~1~~
-;,c ;~
The
calibration
proced~re
vary
depending
upon the type
tens08eter
installed
and the
used,
which can be as follows:
will
of exmethod
NO'l'B
1. Self
trically
identifying
calibrated.
and elec-
2. Self
anically
identifyi~
calibrated.
and mech-
When electrically
calibrating
a 2630 series
self
identifying
strain
gage extensometer,
the
balance
operation
is performed
automatically.
3.
Non-self
mechanically
identifying
calibrated.
and
TO electrically
calibrate
a 2630
series
self
identifying
strain
9age
extensometer:
The 4200 series
system
responds
to
an improper
strain
calibration
"procedure
by flashi~
the S'lRAIN BAL
a..."'"
~,
K>DEL 4201/4202
(A)
a.
8-18
Clamp extensometer
onto
the
\'~{
specimen
(Figure
8-5) at gage
~ length,
as described
in the
J. (;et~nual supplied
with
the de~ v~ce. Allow up to 15 minutes
for extensometer
to stabilize
r1r\
I~" ~~
~~~~.
\
after
~
~
t~(.j
-
f~
~
~
~
't-4
U
Lo..;..
~--~--.ter
-
~ 4.'
).(
fH
~
!~...
').D~
~
) c. Press
.
f: "VI
~~
.
~~~
The ~I 1l
the NO
maximum strain
(%) or range
(mils or 11m) of the extensome(see Section
8.11.2),
and
the STRAIN CAL lamp lights.
-
ENTER.
After
about
,,1Jf1'.l
""-6
r
6
seconds, STRAIN CAL lamp goes
out,
the display
goes blank
and calibration
is completed.
zero
great-
point
Press
return.
STRAIN BAL key.
The
BAL lamp lights.
STRAIN
Cu.
and then
c.
Clamp
extensometer
onto
spindles
of calibrator
at gage
length,
as described
in the
manual supplied
with
the device.
Allow up to 15 minutes
for
extensometer
to stabilize
after
applying
excitation.
d.
~~~~. ~
j)~
for
b. Adjust calibrator
for minimum
displacement
(gage
length).
Minimize
backlash
in
mechanism
by
going
through
excitation.
b. Press
STRAIN CAL key.
.Basic
Panel
Display
shows
~
Zo..ro
applying
a vertical
position
est accuracy.
e. Press ENTER.
After
about 3
seconds,
the
STRAIN BAL lamp
goes out
indicating
that
balance function
is completed.
f.
Press
STRAIN CAr. key.
STRAIN CAL lamp lights.
to
Step
1 or
The
Go
2 below.
1. If the extensometer
is a
self
identifying
type,
the
Basic
Panel
Display
shows the
maximum
strain
(%) or
range
(mils
or rom) of the extensome-
ter.
Fiqure
8-5.
"',
.
of
Strain
not press miTER.
2. If the extensometer
is a
non-self
identifying
type,
the
Basic
Panel
Display
is blank.
Rey in the maximwn strain
(%)
or range
(mils
or DIn) of the
extensometer
on
the
keypad.
Press
ENTER.
The STRAIN CAL
lamp stays
lit.
Strain
Gaqe Extensometer
Mounted on Specimen
~ ~~.
u~27Mecbanical
~
Calibration
Gage Exteos08eters
9. Adjust
calibrator
the following
methods:
TO mechanically
calibrate
a 2630
series
self
identifying,
or
nonself
identifying,
strain
gage
~ one of
NO'l'E
extensometer:
Adjust
calibrator
carefully.
Do not turn
it
past the set
point
am have to reverse,
as
backlash will
cause an error.
a. Mount spindles
on calibrator that fit
the extensometer
clamps,
and set calibrator
in
MODEL 4201/4202
(A)
8-19
OPERATING AN EXPANDED SYST&t
1. Tb calibrate
extensometer
over
its
maximum strain
(or displacement)
range,
adjust calibrator
to a displacement value
which corresponds
to full
scale.
For example:
If using an extensometer
with
a 1-inch gage length and a 10'
maximum strain,
adjust
calibrator
to 0.100 inches.
k.
placement
example:
meter
length
to
lights.
canpleted
.
8.12.4
Strain Gage Extensoaeters
- Operational Rotes
The strain
measuri~
accuracy
of
a 4200 series
system is:
iO.6'
of
strain
reading
i1 count on display
or anal09 output to recorder
(i linearityof
transducer).
maximum dis-
a
a
lamp
about 3
STRAIN BAL lamp goes
balance
function
is
seconds,
out and
value
required.
For
If
using
an extenso-
with
and
The
S-rRAIN BAL key.
BAL
1. Press ENTER. After
2.
Tb calibrate
extensometer oyer a range of interest
(most accurate
method),
adjust
calibrator
Press
STRAIN
1-inch
gage
10% maximum
This specified
accuracy
is valid
from the calibration
point
of an
extensometer
down to 2' of maximum
strain
(displacement).
An extensometer must be recalibrated
if
the
ambient temperature
goes outside
the
strain,
and a l' strain
is the
range of
interest
(see NOTE
below),
adjust
calibrator
to
0.010 inches.
RO'1'E
range
of
+86.F)
after
+10.
to
initial
+30.C
(+50.
to
calibration.
Do not calibrate
a 2630 series
strain
gage extensometer
below
10'
of
its
full
scale
range.
Otherwise,
accuracy
will
not
be within
specifications.
After
the extensometer
has been
installed
on the specimen,
secure
the cable so it does not interfere
with
the movement of the extensometer.
Also,
keep the cable
away
from
the
drive
motor
housing
to
h. On numeric
keypad,
key in
value
set
on calibrator
in
Step g, part 1 or 2 above. If
operating
in
units
of
dis-
avoid
placeaent,
enter
value
in millimeters
or mils.
If
operating in the percent
mode, enter
the percent
strain
corresponding to the displacement
of the
calibrator
(10.00
for
10',
1.000 for
1',
etc.).
8.13.1
i.
Press
ENTER.
After
about
interference.
8 . 13 *X>EL XL ErrmtSOME"l'ER
Introduction
The optional
Instron
Model
XL
Balanced
Elastomeric
Extensometer
(Catalog No. 2603-068)
provides
accurate
measurements
of
strain
in
elastomeric
or other highly
extensible materials.
6
The Model XL extensometer,
shown
mounted
on a Model
4201 loading
frame
in Figure
8-6,
quickly
and
easily
clamps to a speci~n
a~ allows testing
through
break without
damage or test
interruption.
The
standard
unit
has a 9age length
of
20 8m (1 in.)
and a differential
travel
of 200 mm (10 in.),
or 1000..
seconds,
STRAIN CAL lamp goes
out,
the
display
goes
blank
and calibration
is completed.
j.
Remove extensometer
from
calibrator
and clamp it onto
specimen
at gage length,
as
described
in the manual supplied with the device.
MODEL 4201/4202
electrical
(A)
8-20
OPERATI~
AN EXPANDED SYSTm..
The XL extensometer
contains
an
etched
commutator
disc
which
provides
the means for pipping
a recorder
pen at
10% increments
of
strain.
Complete
installation
procedures
and an operating
instruction
manual
are
provided
with
the
Model
XL
Extensometer.
8.13.2 Pipping Operation
A
follower
potentiometer
in the
unit
provides
a DC voltage
proportional
to the extensometer
extension
(clamp separation)
that occurs during a test.
This voltage
is BPPlied
to an optional
strain
sensor conditioner
board installed
in the
4200
system, whidh provides
a strain
signal suitable
for recording.
If the Model XL extensometer
is
to be used for pipping
a recorder,
connect the cable provided
(A463-13)
with
the unit
between the PIP jack
(J6) on the loadi~
frane connector
panel and the PIP jack on the rear
of the extensometer
housing.
The
commutator disc in the Model XL can
produce pips,
at 10% increments
of
strain,
in either
English
or netric
units.
manual
The operati~
supplied
ter
contains
changing the
for pipping,
initial
with
instruction
the
extensome-
the
procedure
for
units
of measurement
and calibrati~
the
pip.
If the basic mode of operation
is
to be incrementally
pipping
the load
pen on a recorder,
then attach
the
extensometer
clamps to the specimen,
as described
in the Model XL operating instruction
manual,
and proceed
with the test.
8.13.3
Calibration
for Strain
of MOdel XL
Measur~nt
The following
procedure
assumes
that an optional
strain
sensor conditoner
board
and cabling
for
use
with
a Model XL Extensometer
have
been properly
installed
in the 4200
series
system.
(Also reference
Section 8.11, Strain
Measurement.)
Tb calibrate
the
Model
XL:
a. Press STRAIN key on Basic
Panel to activate
the Strain
2
channel
(No.2
lamp should be
lit).
Figure
~DEL
8-6.
b. With
the Model
meter
mounted
in
position,
remove
men, if
installed.
Model XL Extensometer
Mounted
on a Model 420
Loading
Frame
4201/4202
(A)
8-2
XL extensothe
testing
test
speci-
c.
Attach
to
calibration
at
or
gage
20
STRAIN BAL lamp liqhts.
extensometer
clamps
(T463-S4)
mark (1.0 in.
rod
length
n. Press ENTER. After
about 3
seconds,
STRAIN BAL la8P goes
out
and balance
function
is
completed.
DIm).
d. Press STRAIN BAL key.
The
STRAIN BAL lamp lights.
8 .14 MI~
II MTA 1W)CES~R
L(p.D 111mSTRAIR CALIBRATIOR
e. Press ENTER. After about 3
seconds, the STRAIN BAL lamp
goes out indicating
that balance function is completed.
8.14.1
When the Instron
Microcon
II option
(see Section
3.6.4)
is
used
with
a 4200
system,
a Microcon
f.
Press STRAIN CAL key.
The
STRAIN CAL lights and the Basic Panel Display is blank, indicating
that the extensometer
is non-self identifyinq.
Interface
The
STRAIN
i.
Unclamp upper extensometer
am aoo move it to the calibration
position
on the rod
(10 in. or 200 mm).
j.
Key in value
on calibration
The use of
Press ENTER. After about 6
seconds,
STRAIN CAL lamp qoes
out,
the display
goes blank
and calibration
is oompleted.
k.
Remove extensometer
m.
Press
with
the
STRAIN
from
MODEL 4201/4202
in
the
II
with
a
- Overview
Calibration
of
the
load
and
strain
Channels
in a 4200 series
systea can be done either
electrically
or mechanically,
as described
The
(A)
Microcon
8.14.2 Calibration
device.
BAL key.
installed
4200 system
requires
a simple
procedure to establish
a ComJlMJn lo~
and
strain
transducer
calibration
between the two instruments.
calibration
rod and clamp it
onto specimen at gage length,
as described
in
the
manual
supplied
is
All data is stored in Microcon I I
until
overwritten
b¥ the next test
or main IX>wer is shut off.
A tape
cassette option allows the parameters for a test seQuence and calculations
bo be permanently
stored,
eliminatinq
the need to enter data
manually.
rod
(10.00
in.
or 200.0 mm) or
1000% on the keyboard,
depending
upon
the
operating
mode
(as in Step 9 above).
1.
Board
4200 control
console.
This
board
enables
the "icrocon
II
to sense
ranged load and strain
data occurring during
a test.
with this data
and additional
parameters
whidh
a
user keys into the instrument
pcior
to a test,
the Microcon II automatically
computes
values
of
load,
elongation,
stress,
strain
and energy at the peak,
fail,
and break
points
of a specimen.
Additional
options
determine
offset
yield,
compute three types of modulus, provide
data at up to ten preset
lX>ints and
provide
statistical
analysis
on all
measured variables.
g. Key in the maximum strain
(')
or range
(in.
or mm) of
the extensometer
on the keypad, depending upon the operating
mode (Section
8.11.2).
For example:
enter
1000 for
1000',
10.00 for 10 in.,
200.0
for 200 DIm.
h. Press ENTER.
CAL lamp stays lit.
Introduction
8-22
OPERATI!K;
AN EXPANDED SYS~
in
Sections
7.5,
8.12
and
8.13.
Table
8-6.
Calibration
of the Microcon
II
load
or
strain
channels
for
use with
a
4200 system
can also
involve
produc-
ing
a
calibration
electrically
or
signal
Calibration
4200 Series
Signal
Load Cells
either
mechanically.
Initially,
zero and balance
key
sequences are entered
on the Microcon II
to set
a reference
point.
Then a calibrated
load
or strain
signal
is generated
from the 4200
system, and this
is entered into the
Microcon
II by another
key sequence
to set a canmon level
between the
two systems.
*To
convert
newtons:
1. Multiply
by 0.2248089
obtain
~unds.
2. Multiply
by 0.1019716
obtain
kilograms.
The following
procedures
assume
that an optional
interface
board and
cabling
for use with the Microcon II
have been properly
installed
in the
4200 series
system.
The user should
be familiar
with
the operation
of
the Microcon
II.
Complete instructions
are supplied
with the unit.
8.14.3
a. Calibrate
load channel
Section 7.5.2
to
to
the 4200 series
as described
in
for Self Identi-
fying Load Cells.
The load
should remain at zero.
If
grips
and fixtures
are installed,
be sure to balance
the system (Section 7.6).
Electrical
Calibration
of Load Channel for a Self
Identified
Load Cell
A calibration
signal
must be entered
into
the Microcon
II during
a
load
channel
calibration
procedure.
The value
of the signal
depends
upon
the type of load
cell
installed
and
the
system
of
operating
units
in
use,
as shown in Table
8-6.
This
signal
must be entered
correctly
to
obtain
a valid
calibration.
b. Select
units
in use on the
Microcon
II
to be the sane as
the 4200 system
(SI - newtons,
metric
- kil~rams,
English
pounds).
c. Set zero and balance conditions
by entering
following
key sequences on Microcon II:
NOl'E
T
1.
2.
(SET]
[SET]
[SHIFT]
[LOAD]
[YES)
[0]
[LOAD]
[0]
[YES]
The voltage,
generated
when
the
calibration
relay
in
a
self
identifying
load cell
is
closed
(Step d. below),
is the
same as would be produced
by
an applied
load equal to 50%
of the maximum capacity
of the
cell.
This signal
is always
the SI equivalent
value
(newtons)
for
Whatever system of
units
is in use, as shown in
d. On 4200 system,
close
the
load cell
calibration
relay by
pressing
LOAD CAL key and then
press 0 and ENTER on keypad.
The LOAD CAL and LOAD BAL
lamps will
both be lit
When
this relay is closed.
Table 8-6.
bration
MODEL 4201/4202
e.
(A)
8-23
On Microcon
load
II,
value
enter
for
caliload
cell
usil¥]
in use (see
key sequence:
Table
[SET)
[LOAD) [(Va1ue)]
8-6)
d. On the 4200 system,
rehang
the same calibration
weight as
in Step d of Section 7.5.3.
[YES]
e. To cxxnp1ete the procedure,
IIOl"E
enter
the value of the calibration
weight
into
Microcon
II using the key sequence:
The calibration
signal
appears
on the LOAD readout
of the ~tional
Display
Panel,
if TRACK
is enabled.
f.
I81()ftAft
-
Complete
[SET)
8.14.5
the
procedure ~ opening the calibration
relay.
Repeat the
sequence used to close the relay:
Press LOAD CAL, then
press 0 and ENTER on the key-
[(Value»)
[YES)
Electrical
Calibration
of
Load Channel for a Ron-Sel f
Identified
Load Cell
The electrical
calibration
of the
Microcon
II
load dhanne1 with
a nonself
identified
10c.3 cell
insta11~
consists
of
usiD9
the
calibration
button
on the load cell
to produce
a
calibration
8i9na1,
as follows:
~
The LOAD CAL and LOAD
8AL lamps will
90 out.
A test
can not be started
when the
calibration
relay is closed.
8.14.4
[WAD)
a. Calibrate
the 4200 series
load dhannel
as described
in
Section 7.5.4 for the electrical
calibration
of
non-self
identified
load
cells.
Be
Mechanical
Calibration
of Load Cbannel for a Self
Identified
Load Cell
The mechanical
calibration
of the
Microcon II load dhannel with a self
identified
load cell
installed
consists
of using a precision
weight to
produce a calibration
signal,
as in
the following
procedure.
sure
to
balance
the
system.
b. Select
units
in use on the
Microcon
I I to 00 the same as
the 4200 system CSI - newtons,
metric
- kilograms,
English
pounds).
a. Calibrate
the 4200 series
load channel
as described
in
Section
7.5.3 for the mechanical calibration
of self
identified
load cells.
Be sure to
balance the system.
by entering
following
1. [SET]
2. [SET]
b. Select
units
in use on the
Microcon
lIto
be the same as
the 4200 system (SI - newtons,
metric
- kilograms,
English
-
equivalent
to Microcon
c.
Set
zero
and
balance
conditions
in the Microcon
II
by entering
the following
key
sequences into the unit:
1.
[SET]
[SHIFT]
[SET]
[LOAD]
K>DEL 4201/4202
[0]
[0]
[LOAD]
[YES]
(see
II
Table
usi~
7-1)
the
inkey
sequence:
[SET)
[~D]
(Value) )
[YES)
e.
Release
calibration
button.
Procedure is completed.
[YES]
[YES]
(A)
[0]
[WAD]
[0]
[YES]
press
and hold calibration
button on
load
cell.
Then enter
the
calibration
signal
wei~ht
pounds).
2.
[SHIFT]
[LOAD]
8-24
OPERATING AN EXPANDED SYS~
8.14.6 Mechanical
Calibration
of
Load Channel for a Ron-Seif
Identified
Load Cell
The mechanical
calibration
of the
II load channel with a nonself
identified
load
cell
installed
consists
of using
a precision
weight
to produce
a calibration
signal,
as
in the following
procedure.
a. Calibrate
the 2630 series
strain
gage extensometer
as
described
in Section
8.12.2.
Microcon
b.
Set
Microcon
II
to
the
Gage
~e.
a. Calibrate
the 4200 series
load channel
as described
in
Section
7.5.5 for the mechanical
calibration
of
non-self
identified
load
cells.
Be
Microcon
I I to be the sane
the extensometer
CSI/metricmm, English
- in.).
sure
d.
to
balance
the
c.
system.
Select
Set
units
zero
and
in
use
balance
on
as
condi-
tions
by entering
following
b. Select
units
in use on the
Microcon
I I to be the same as
the 4200 system (51 - newtons,
metric
- kilograms,
English
-
1.
[SET) [SHIFT]
[YES)
[0]
[ELONG]
[0 ]
[YES]
pounds).
2. [SET]
by entering
following
1. [SET]
2. [SET]
[SHIFT]
[LOAD]
[0]
[0]
e.
On Microcon
the initial
point
by the
[YES]
[LOAD]
[ELONG ]
1. [SET]
[YES]
II,
[ELONG]
e.
To complete
the
t.
[LOAD]
[ (Value)
procedure,
]
On 4200 system,
[YES]
close
the
calibration
relay
in the extensometer
~ pressing
STRAIN
CAL key and then press 0 and
ENTER on keypad.
The STRAIN
CAL and STRAIN BAL will
both
be lit
when this
relay
is
closed.
enter
the
value
of
the
calibration
weight
into
Microcon
II using
the key sequence:
[SET]
0 as
[YES]
2. [SET) [ELONG] [0)
rehang
the same calibration
weight as
in Step 9 of Section 7.5.5.
set
calibration
data
key sequences:
[YES)
N(JrE
8.14.7
Blectrical
Calibration
of
Strain
Channel fior a Self
Identified
BzteDSO8eter
The voltaqe,
generated
when
the
extensometer
calibration
relay
is closed,
is the same
as would be produced by an applied
strain
equal to 100% of
the maximum capacity
of the
extensometer.
This
strain
A calibration
signal
must be entered
into
the Microcon
II
during
a strain
channel calibration
procedure.
The value of the signal
depends upon the type of extensometer
installed,
the system of operating
units
in use (SI/metric
- millimeters,
English
- inches)
and the
strain
operating
MODEL 4201/4202
mode
(see
signal
value
always
an equivalent
the system of opera-
ting
units
in use and the
strain
operating
mode (see
Section 8.11.2).
Section
(A)
is
for
8-25
g.
On Microcon
second
II,
calibration
set
data
extensometer
English
- in.).
the
point
by
entering
the
maximum
displacement
(or'
strain)
value
for
the extensometer
usi~ key sequence:
[ELONG]
[SET]
[(Value)]
[YES]
The calibration
si9nal
appears
on the STRAIN readout
of
the
optional
Display
Panel,
if
TRACK is enabled.
-
~
Canplete
the
Mechanical
Calibration
Strain
Channel for All
Extens<8eters
The mechanical
calibration
Microcon
II
strain
channel
extensometer
consists
of
displacing
the extensOlteter
duce a calibration
signal,
following
of
the
II
to
1. [SET] [ELONG]
[YES]
2.
[0)
[SET)
[ELONG ]
[ELONG]
set second
[(Value)
- Operational
[YES]
Rates
1. The readouts
of test
result
values for
load and strain
should
agree
within
l'
between
the
4200
series
instrument,
a Microcon
II
and other
peripheral
devices,
such
as a recorder
aM printer.
If
values
are
not within
this
accuracy,
the
user
should
recalibrate
each device.
the Gage
d. Select
units
in use on
Microcon II to be the same as
(A)
[YES]
8.14.9 MicrCXX)O II
at
I1K>de.
MODFL 4201/4202
[YES]
i.
To (X)Inplete
the procedure,
remove extensometer
from the
fixture
and clamp it
to the
specimen
at
gage
length.
Press
the STRAIN BAL key on
the 4200 system and then press
ENTER on keypad.
key and ENTERon keyboa cd.
Set Microcon
[0]
[SET]
gage length on the calibration
fixture
and press STRAIN BAL
c.
2. [SET] [ELONG]
calibration
data p>int by entering value that extensometer
was displaced in Step 9 above,
using key sequence:
of the
for
any
manually
to proas in the
extensometer
[EWNG]
h. On Microcon II,
procedure.
Set
[0)
g. Adjust
extensometer
with,
or on, the fixture
to the displacement
required
for
calibration.
This would be at the
maximum displacement
of
the
extensometer,
or to a 1esser
value to obtain
the most accurate calibration.
a. Calibrate
the extensometer
as described
in the mechanical
calibration
procedure
of Section
8.12.3
or 8.12.4,
except
do not remove the extensometer
fran
the fixture.
b.
1. [SET) [SHIrr)
[YES]
f. On Microcon
II,
set 0 as
the initial
calibration
data
point
~ the key sequences:
procedure
by q>ening the calibration
relay.
Repeat the
sequence
used to
close
the
relay:
Press STRAIN CAL, then
press 0 and ENTER on keypad.
The STRAIN CAL and STRAIN BAL
lamps will
90 out.
A test can
not be started
when the calibration
relay is closed.
8.14.8
- rom,
e. Set zero and balance conditions
by entering
following
NO'l'B
h.
(SI/metric
8-26
OPERATI~
AN EXPANDED SYST~
2. A printer
should
be connected
to
the Microcon
II rather
than the 4200
series
instrument.
Thi8
will
allow
reading
out the additional
test
data
that
is available
from Microcon
II.
An
J. If
the Microcon
II
is to be used
with
a 4200 serie.
system
that
includes
the Limits
Panel option,
the
break
detection,
load
limit
and extension
(elongation)
li.it
functions
should
be set up on the Microcon
II
rather
than
on
the
Limits
Panel.
These functions
should
be maintained
in the default
state
(Table
6-5)
on
the Liaits
Panel
to avoid
possible
interference
between
the two units.
1MPOR'l'AB'r
see the IMIIOftAft
~
If
the 4200 systea
(except
the
Microcon
II)
is powered down for
some reason at this time (before YES
or RBJ has been selected),
then is
restarted,
a 8fault8
condition
will
be indicated
on the Basic Panel Display at the conclusion
of the Self
Test Routine.
The second character
of the four Self-Test
Status characters displayed
will
be either
a 828
or a 8p8, which indicates
a fault
in
the
Crosshead
Control
board
(see
8Self Test Routine8
in Olapter
6).
This
8fault8
condition
aakes
the
4200 system
inoperable,
and is a
result
of the control
of the syste.
by the Microcon II.
Tb recover
scribed
from
the condition
above: select
8.15
8)I'B
PIP ~L
The capability
of event marking
the load signal
while
it
is being
recorded is provided
through the use
of a PIP jack
(J6) on the loading
frame connector
panel.
A pip control
device
connected
to J6 will
produce a s8all
rapid deflection,
or
.pip.,
of the recorder
pen.
The
resulting
mark on the chart
serves
as a convenient
reference
or .event
marker. for indicating
points of interest
on a load-elongation
curve
for a test specimen.
de-
[YES] or [REJ]
(C)
that
Tb recover
fr08
the condition
of
unwanted
crosshead
motion
as
descr ibed in the IMPORTANT NOTE above:
first,
select
[YES] or
[R&J] on the
Microcon
II,
as applicable
for
the
previous
test,
then,
return
to gage
length
(press
RBTORN on the control
panel
of
the
4200 series
console)
and start
the new test.
on the Microcon
II,
as applicable,
then press [REJ] on the 4200 system
keyboard.
The Self
Test
Routine
will
repeat,
and the fault
condition
will
clear.
MODEL 4201/4202
solution
Always
select
[YES) or
[REJ)
before
starting
another
test
when operating
in the Statistics
8Ode of the Microcon
II.
If
another
test
is
attempted
to be started
before
entering
[YES) or
[REJ),
the crosshead
of the 4200 series
instrument
will
move a saa11
amount
in
the test
direction
before
the
Microcon
II
assumes
control
and locks
out
further
motion.
This
crosshead
movement
is
proportional
to
the
selected
crosshead
speed.
It can be up
to 0.015
in.
with
a crosshead
speed of 20 in./_in
(or up to
0.35 mm with
a crosshead
speed
of 500 _I_in).
4. When the Statistics
8Ode of the
Microcon
II is in use and a test
has
just
been coapleted,
the
following
message
appears
on the Microcon
II
display
if another
test
is attempted
to be star ted : ENTER LAST? YES OR
REJ? This message has to be answered
before
another
test
will
be permit-
ted.
(Also
below.)
alternative
would prevent
the 8fault8
condition
from occurring,
is to first
clear
the control
of
the system by the
Microcon II by selecting
[YES] or
[RBJ], then restart
the 4200 system.
8-27
The pip height
is factory
set at
approximately
2' of full
scale
on a
250 mm (10-inch)
wide
chart
(0.2
volt
peak amplitude),
and has a duration
of
50 ms.
The amplitude
is
not affected
by the automatic
ranging of the load signal.
Control
device options
include
a Remote Manual
Pushbutton
(Instron
Catalog
No.
2310-516),
an XL Elastomeric
Extensometer
(Section
8.13),
or an Incremental
Extensometer
(Section
8.16).
8. 16 IRCB.'D4mfTAL
The Instron
Incremental
Extensometer option
(Figure
8-7) is used
to measure strain
in highly
extensible materials.
The extensoaeter
consists
of two lightweight
sections
which are clipped
onto a specimen at
a
1-inch
gage
length.
Equally-
spaced segments on a printed
circuit
tape cause contact
between the two
sections
to make and break as they
are drawn apart during an elongation
test.
The extensometer
plugs
into
the
PIP jack
(J6) on the connector
panel
of
the
4200 series
loading
frame.
Each time
the circuit
is closed,
a
pip is marked on the recorder
chart,
as described
in Section
8.15.
The
accurate
spacing
of the contacts
on
the tape pre-prograa
the pips,
which
correspond
to discrete
increments
of
specimen
extension.
MODEL 4201/6202
(C)
Figure
8-7.
Printed
1°',
5°'
Incremental
Extensometer
Ik>unted on Specimen
tapes
and
are
1°°'
available
for
increments
of
strain
for the extensometer.
Contact
the nearest
Instron
Regional
Sales Office
for additional
details.
8-28
9 . 0 MATERIAIQ 'l'BS'l'Ia;
WRK SHEET
S~IMBR
Material
(Type,
Ident.
BatChl-
Date
No.
TEST PURPOSE AND OOBDITIORS
Test Type
Tests
Results
Required
TBS'.r QJIPMENT
Loading Frame
Load
Printer
Microcon
Other
Special
Fixtures
Operating
Units
Accessories,
'1'EST E(JJIPMmtT
SB-mP
Grips
Cell
Computer
II
(IEEE Interface)
and Equipment
~qiish,
Load
Cell
or Non-Self
Identified)
(Elect.
or Mech)
Control
Testing
Crosshead
Travel
Area
Crosshead
(Max.
Gage Lengfh(Mln)
Autoprint
Compensation
(Sample
No.
& Setting)
Preset
Energ~
( Enabled/Drs-afii-
MODEL 4201/4202
Gage Length
Speed
Stops
EXtension Limit
Area
S.l.
Calibration
(Self
Crosshead
Metric,
(Enabled/Disabled)
Points
(Enabled/Disabled)
ed)
(8)
9-1
MATERIALS
TESTING WORK SHEET
Materials
K>IEL
Testing
4201/4202
Work
Sheet
(continued)
9-2
MATERIALS
TESTING ~RK
SHEET
APPaDIXA
I~I~
m 'l'BS"rING
A.1 CZHERAL
sion
aoo strain
be JlK)nitored aid
Panel
option
permits
minimun aoo maxim~
travel
limits
of the crosshead
to be controlled
at selected
load,
extension
or
strain
values.
This
enables
cyclic
evaluations
of materials
during relaxation
aoo recovery.
The
Limits
Panel can also provide
rapid
return
of
the
crosshead
to
gage
length
after
break
for
repetitive
specimen testir¥J.
'n1e purlX>se of this appendix is
to provide
the basic requirements
that are essential
in planning a materials
testing
procedure.
These
include
the applications
of
the
testing
instrument, determining load
requirements,
gripping
techniques,
setting
gage length,
choosing
a
testing
speed and the use of area
caapensation.
A glossary of terms
defining
the mechanical properties
and tests applicable
to a 4200 series system is included as Appendix B
for the convenience of the user.
Additionally,
each 4200 series
instrument
has
built-in
preset
points
and integration
capabilities
for the evaluation
of energy related
properties,
such as tensile
energy
The ~erican
SOciety
for Testi~
Materials
(ASTM) annual
book
of
standards
oontains
complete
p[ocedurea regardi~
specil8en preparation
and testi~
for virtually
all
types
of materials.
These standards
are
universally
accepted
b¥ industry,
and should be consulted
for more detailed
information.
A.2
APPLI~IONS
IBftmMBH'r
OF A 4200
absorption
(TEA)
am elastic
lus.
The wide variety
testiI'M3'
applications
series
systea includes:
Plastics
-
perform
~u-
of materials
for
a 4200
tests
to
AS"DI-
D638 and ASTM-D1623
to obtain
tensile
strength,
percent
elongation,
Imdulus
of elasticity,
aoo peak and
break
values
of
load
aoo
strain.
Perform
flexural
tests
to AS'DI-D790
for
parameters
such
as
maximum
force,
maximum fiber
stress,
flexural
strength,
tangent
aoo secant
Imdulus,
aoo
stress
at
specified
strain.
Use area
canpensation
aoo
peak readouts
to enable
pr intouts
of
maxiBum
force
or
stress
values.
Other
typical
tests
include:
AS'DI0695 aoo D1621 for
compression,
D732
for
shear
strength,
D1004 for
tear
resistance1
aoo D1894 for
friction.
SBRIBS
nte
test
capabilities
of
a 4200
series
instrwnent
range
fran
simple
tension
or caapression
testil'MJ
with
a recording
of spect.en
loadil'MJ versus
time,
to
more
advanced
techniques,
includingz
modulus
tests,
relaxation-recovery,
and
cyclic
evaluations
involving
detailed
calculations
and data
analysis.
ntis
flexibility
is
possible
due
to
a
broad selection
of options
available
for use with
a basic
4200 system.
Wire, foil
and sheet metal - determine the tensile
stre~th
of S)lid
wire,
electrical
cables,
and thin
sheet metal
components.
Also,
in
canpression,
test
for crush resistance and insulation
cut
throughs.
Obtain
offset
yield
evaluations
For example,
with
the recorder
am printer
options,
graphic
plots
am recordings
of load versus extension or strain
can be obtained.
The
Display
Panel option
allows the peak
and break parameters
of load, exten-
I«>DEL 4201/4202
to
The Limits
stored.
A-
INTRODUcrI~
ro TESTING
using
the
optional
Microcon
II
psi
Data
Analyzer
or
the
HP-85
Computer.
Some ASTM tests
in this
category
include:
E8 for
metals1
E132 for
Poisson's
ratioJ
E345 for metallic
foil,
D2633 for thermoplastic
insulationJ
and D1351 for
polyethylene
insulation.
kg/m2
x m2
kgf
(kilograms-force)
= newtons
Specimen
geometry:
standard
AS'lH tensile
configuration.
Material:
Lexan
Tensile
strength:
(from a materials
5200 psi
handbook)
Specimen
area:
0.502
inches
wide x 0.125 inches thick
=
0.063 in2.
Tensile
8tre~th:
x 0.063
in2
-
5200
328 lbf
psi
Therefore,
in
this
example,
the 5 kN (1000 lb,
500 kg)
capacity
lo~
cell
should
be
installed.
If
an approximate
value of tensile
strength
cannot
be obtained,
then always use the highest
capacity
lo~
cell
preliminary
determine
A.4
initially
am
perform
test
at a slow speed
the lo~
range required.
SBL~IC8
(p
a
to
QUPS
The selection
of grips
(see Appendix C) depends upon the material,
geometry
and strength
of the test
specimen.
But the tensile
stre~th
of the test
specimen
should
be a
primary
consideration.
If,
for
example,
a material
has a tensile
stre~th
of 500 lbf,
then the pneumatic
grips
should
not be used as
these grips
are designed
for loads
not exceeding
200 lbf.
Always determine
the capacity
of the grips
bei~
used prior
to a test
and do
not overload
test fixtures.
lmQUIRmIBNTS
'ft\e selection
of a 10m cell
is
the first
step in preparing
for
a
tension
or compression
test.
If the
approximate
tensile
(or compressive)
strength
of the specimen is known,
the choice
of load cell
is simplified.
If the tensile
strength
of
the material
is not known, refer
to
a Properties
of Materials
haoobook
to obtain a close figure.
To calculate
the tensile
strength
in force
units
for
a specimen,
multiply
its
tensile
strength
by its
cross-sectional
area.
For example:
K>DEL 4201/4202
=
(pounds-force)
Example:
Textiles
perfo~
tenacity
and
stretch
tests
of fabrics,
yarns am
cords.
Determine load at set elongation
(LASE) using
preset
points.
Apply
area compensation
to obtain
load
value
relationships
to units
such as grams/denier.
Use the computer option to obtain
complete statistical
analyses
of test
results.
Typical
ASTM textile-related
tests
applicable
to a 4200 series
instrument
include:
D458 for
.man-made
fibersz
02256 for
yarn1 02653 for
elastomeriC~
yarns 1 and 02263 for
grab tests of automotive
fabrics.
u.D
lbf
x m2
Pascals
Rubber - perform tests
to AST~D412
to obtain
peak am break values of
lo.s
aoo extension.
Use preset
points
for modulus values,
and integrate
the load/elongation
curve to
obtain
energy
values.
Measure
strain
usil¥J crosshe.s
extension
or
an ~tional
long-travel
or ~tical
extensometer.
Also,
test
for tear
resistance
to
ASTM-D624 and test
O-rings
to ASTM-D1414.
A.3
x in2.
Examples
of
9rippi~
are shown in Table A-1.
A-2
techniques
In many
INTROoocrI~ ro TESTING
'-"
A-1.
Table
,Specimen
IMaterial
!
I
Max. Breakir19
Load (pounds)
Specimen
Geanetry
Screw-action
action
with
100
or
pneumaticx 2. flat
1-
Plastic
Films
18 wide
100
Same as above. Also, line
contact faces can be used.
Ri9id
18 wide x
0.58 thick
1000
Wedge-action or screw-action
with serrated faces.
.002 to
diameter
.060.
200
Screw-action
or pneumaticaction
with
1- x 2- flat
faces
or 1- x 2- serrated
faces.
.002
.198
350
Pneumatic cord aoo yarn
1000
Screw-action
or pneumatichydraulic
with
flat
faces.
150
Elastomeric
Wire
and
Sheet Metal
Cord
and
wide
Types of Gr ips
I
Paper
Plastics
I
Techniques
Gripping
to
,.
faces.
diameter
Yarn
Fabrics
1- wide or
wide strip
Elastomers
.125
to
4-
.250.
wide
basis for calculatiI¥3
percent eloI¥3at ion and in determiniI¥3 specimen
strain rate, hence, it can seriously
affect the test results.
cases the operator
has to experiment
with
several
gripping
techniques
to
eliminate
or minimize
slippage
in
the grips.
For grips
with
interchangeable faces, such as the screwaction
and pneumatic-action
types,
the serrated,
flat
and rubber-coated
f~es
can be tried
to determine
the
best
grippil'¥J
Sanetimes
method.
A.5 BSTABLISBIRG GAGE LBNQl'B
The gage length
used for a tensile
test
refers
to the original
length
of the specimen or the initial
distance
between
the
grips.
Whereas for a canpression
test,
it
refers
to the original
height of the
specimen,
assuming
the
anvil
and
compression
table are both initially
in contact
with the specimen.
A.6 ~~Iat
choice
of
gage
CW'l'BSTI8; ~BBi)
The selection
of a testing
(or
crosshead)
speed depends upon the
material
being teste!
am the type
of test.
Materials
that
are very
stiff,
such as metals
am
rigid
Establishing
gage length
is one
of the JOOst important
decisions
to
be made when performing
tension
tests.
Gage length
is used as a
MODEL 4201/4202
the
length
is dictated
by the available
length
of the material.
Although
commonly
used
gage
lengths
fi)r
paper, plastic
film,
wire,
cord and
yarns are fran 4 to 10 inches
(100
to 250 mID). In general:
establish
the largest
possible
gage length,
consistent
with the capacity
of the
testing
instrument,
in order to increase the sensitivity
and ~curacy
of the elongation
measurement.
plastics,
A-3
should
be tested
at
a slow
INTR)DUcrIOO ro TESTING
speed.
The other extreme is highly
extensible
materials,
such as elastomers,
Which are tested
at a fast
speed, generally
20 inches per minute (500 mm/min).
For materials
in
between these two extremes,
an intermediate
speed
should
be used.
Table A-2 lists
a range of speeds
used to test various
materials.
the
plastic
film
The
use
of
area
For certain
materials
the specimen strain
rate is specified
rather
than a testing
speed.
But once the
gage length
(G.L.) has been established,
the testing
speed can be
Testing
Speed
- Strain
a 4200 series
L.
rate.
Rate
x G.L.
area
(in
English
for
units,
example)
L
Plastic
S
film
A
Gage length:
in
the
MODEL 4201/4202
.
-
-
Load in pounds
Stress in psi
Cross-sectional
area
(in2)
10 inches
example,
When an area c08pensation
value
is entered
that
corresponds
to the
cross-sectional
area of a specimen,
the load dlannel
gain is divided
by
the mantissa:
that
is,
by a number
nor.alized
between 1.000 and 9.999.
As a result,
the digital
load signal
test
to the optional
Strain
rate
(from
designated
test
procedure):
0.5 in/in/min
Testing
speed = 0.5 in/in/min
x 10 in.
- 5.0 in/min
Therefore,
perform
system,
values
are entered
as a
(mantissa)
and an expon-
S x A or S - L/A
where
EXAMPLE
Specimen:
original
crossthe
specimen.
relatinq
force
where area compenused, include
the
or fiber
to detergrams per denier.
of
ent
usin9
two key sequences,
as
described
in Section
7.8.4.
Increasin9
the mantissa
values
from
between 1.000 to 9.999 proportionally <Jecreases the sensitivity
of the
load ~i9hiD9
system.
For exuple,
increasiD9
the value
frail
1.000 to
2.000 decreases
load sensitivity
by
1/2'
S) that
twice as nKlch loadiD9
on the test
specimen
will
be required
for
full
scale
stress
response.
The load-stress
relationship is expressed by the formula:
A. 7 8"l'RA.IR RM'B
strain
compensation
when testing
specimens
of different
cross-sectional
area allows
the load
signal
to be calibrated
in terms
of
stress,
or
similar
units
relating
force
and
specimen
size.
Stress
is def ined as the load on a specimen
In
the
in/_in.
A.B.1 ~cription
compensation
base number
from
5.0
A.8 AREA CDMPmISATI<M
divided
by
the
sectional
area
Other
applications
and specimen size
sation
could
be
testing
of yarn
mine tenacity
in
calculated
at
this
tensile
on
(A)
A-4
LOADdisplay
and the
INTRODUCTION ro TESTJNG
analog load signal to a recorder are
both normalized
with
respect
to
stress.
This allows calibration
of
the recorder
scale
in
terms of
stress
(normalized),
with the full
scale value easily
changed by se-
lecting
Panel.
value
these
values
for Full Scale
into
the
Stress:
7.50 x 10 lb
0.0750
equation
- 1000 psi
in2
a , RANGE
on the Recorder
When the normalized
area
for
each additional
specimen
is entered,
the recorder scale remains calibrated.
Thus, each specimen can easily
be compared as all
plots are on the same stress scale.
A.8.2 Deteraining
If
the'
RANGE"were changed to 20
20) in the above example,
(L.R. -
the Full
Scale Stress would be 2000
psi.
!his
would overload
the load
cell
{see Section
A.8.3 Liaitations
Stress
Ranqe
A._8_~3~
Due ~
Load Cell
C~ity
The stress
range
indicated
~
full
scale on a recorder
dlart
may
be determined
from
the
following
The
maximum
allowable
stress
within
the capacity
of a load cell
is determined
by:
L.C.
equation:
Maximum Allowable
Stress
-
A
A.C. x L.R.
Full
Scale
Stress
=
where:
acity
A
where:
A.C.
L.R.
of
= Area
Compensation valuethe
normalized
base number
(mantissa)
of
the
specimen
cross-sectional
area.
-
on the
Recorder
8
Cross-sectional
of specimen
Area
Panel.
(actual)
(A)
SmaxXA
x100
This 1«>uld be equal to 13' for the
example of a 100-lb
capacity
load
cell
and a specimen
area = 0.075
in2.
Hence, 10' is the highest'
RANGE that
could be used for calibrating
a recorder
to Full
Scale
Stress.
scale
stress
-Do not use a full
range
that
exceeds
the
maxim~m
allowable
stress.
In some cases it
may not be possible,
aM only part
of the recorder
scale
can be used
without
overloading
the cell.
Under
this
condition,
it is better
to use
a higher capacity
load cell.
Set the mantissa of the area compensation
to 7.50, that is, normalize
the
base number of
the
specimen area to a value between
1.000 and 9.999.
A 100-lb capacity
load cell
with the % RANGE
set at 10% has a full
scale load
range of 10 lb.
Substituting
4201/4202
area
A.C. x L.C.
Example:
Assume a specimen has an
Area - 0.075 in2J that a 100-lb capacity
load cell
is installedJ
and a
10' RANGE has been selected
on the
Recorder Panel.
Determine
the full
scale stress
reading as follows:
K)DEL
maximum cap-
cross-sectional
specimen.
, RANGE =
A =
Load Cell
A =
For example,
for
a 100-lb
load
cell,
and an Area = 0.075
in.2,
the
maximum allowable
stress
would be
1333 psi.
Thus,
to determine
the
highest
'RANGE to use that will
not
exceed the maximum allowable
stress
(Smax)' use the equation:
Load Range - in pounds (g or
kg, N or kN).
Load range is
determined
by the load cell
in use and the'
RANGE selected
L.C.
and
A-S
INTRODUCTION ro TESTING
A.9 CHART M~IFICM'IC8
When using a chart
recorder
a time
base,
the chart
or
speed should be selected
to
convenient
record
length
test.
A record
of 5 to 15
(125 to 375 Jam> is sufficient,
it can be as long as desired.
with
X-axis
give a
for
a
inches
but
Crosshead
Figure A-1.
The chart magnification
is the ratio
of the chart
speed to crosshead speed,
Magnification
Chart
Ratio
Time Axis
--
Crosshead
speed
.
Gage length
=
=
x,
ext./min.
10 in.
x 100'/min.
10 in/min.
A 10-inch
dtart
record
is desired
for
the
expected
test
duration
of 1/2-minute
(time
expected
to
reach
ultimate
extension).
Therefore,
the
chart
ti~
axis should travel
20 inches
in 1-minute,
am a
chart
speed of 20 in/.in
is
required.
Then,
By the use of chart
magnification,
the chart
time axis can indicate the displacement
of the crosshead in either
a reduced or magnified manner.
An application
of Magnification
Ratio
is shown in the
typical
load-displacement
curve
of
-
10 in
Gage length
ratio
(M)
ti~
axis
that is:
20 in/min
10 in/min
(M)
Each inch of
the
time-drive
iooicate:
Speed
,-
1
Speed
-
crosshead
To determine
of total
strain
the chart:
Ratio
and
then
the
required.
alo~
will
- Crosshead
M
speeds,
dtart,
axis,
1
The following
example illustrates
the selection
of chart time axis and
Magnification
.2
M =
2
displacement
(In.)
the percentage
directly
fran
Example:
,
Material
, extension/minute
Ultimate
extension
Nylon
100%
50%
Strain
. Chart
displacement
-
M x Gage
(approximate)
x 100
le~th
~
MODEL 4201/4202
A-6
INTRODUcrI~
ro TESTING
~
-
::U"If$t
..
m
.#
1tm~
+tt:r4
, ,
Iffi
'
~:*dW
~
~~~~~+
!it II ti~;rj:ft:i
'-t
W
:
IZ
w
~
w
1lrflilt1{j
,
~
~
I
,
t
:_'f!;t1j,~j-:;,-;~
~
0'"
0
m
I
-
imttF
, ~,
df.tft
~
ffi
50
0
100
LOAD, POUNDS
Figure
MODEL 4201/4202
A-1. Typical
Load-Displacement
Chart
Showing Magnification
Ratio
A-7
INTRODUClION ro TESTING
...J

Instron Operational Manual

Transcription

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