TABLE OF CONTENTS - University of Wisconsin

Transcription

TABLE OF CONTENTS
MAP OF STUDENT CENTER ................................................................................................................................. 2
CHANCELLOR’S WELCOME............................................................................................................................... 3
KEYNOTE SPEAKER............................................................................................................................................ 4
SCHEDULE OF EVENTS ........................................................................................................................................ 5
CREATIVE ACTIVITY & GALLERY EXHIBITS................................................................................................. 7
ORAL PRESENTATION LIST OF SESSION AND ROOM ASSIGNMENTS..................................................... 11
ORAL PRESENTATION SCHEDULE & ABSTRACTS ...................................................................................... 17
POSTER SESSION SCHEDULE & ABSTRACTS............................................................................................ 29
THANKS AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ....................................................................................................... 67
INDEX OF STUDENTS AND ABSTRACT TITLES ......................................................................................... 67
THANKS AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .......................................................................................................... 69
LIST OF STUDENT PARTICIPANTS BY UNIVERSITY................................................................................ 72
INDEX OF STUDENTS AND ABSTRACT TITLES............................................................................................. 74
1
Conference &
Reservations
Reservations
Women
B
Memorial Student Center
Administrative
Men
Grandview Terrace
A
To Library & Human
Enviornmental Sciences
Buildings
Entrance
Terrace Patio
University of Wisconsin-Stout
Menomonie WI 54751
(715) 232-2320
Stairwell
Entrance
Service
Center
Terrace Shoppe
Terrace Cafe
Terrace
Lounge
Map Key
Skylight
Square
Entrance
Public Telephone
Campus Telephone
To Jarvis Hall or
Micheels Hall
Heritage
Cafe
Stairwell
Entrance
Great Hall Corridor
Men
Concourse Lounge
oc
gD
in
ad
Lo
Crystal Ballroom
B
k
Upper Level
Rec.
Center
Office
Men
Pawn
Dining
To Jarvis Hall &
Micheels Hall
University Bookstore
Pawn Patio
(outdoor)
Pawn
Grill Area
Stairwell
Entrance
Entrance
Cobblestone Court
Stairwell
Entrance
Loading
Ramp
To HKMC, CKTO
Recreation/Athletic Complex
and Price Commons
Involvement
& Leadership
Department
Entrance
Entrance
C
Great Hall Corridor
White Pine
Women
Pioneer
Video
Game
Room
Prairie
Recreation
Center
To Millennium Hall &
Vocational Rehabilitation
Backstage
Lounge
D
Bowling
Badger
Billiards
Stage
Dressing Room
Entrance
Backstage
Lounge
Great Hall
Crystal Ballroom
C
Stairwell
Entrance
B
Elevator
Women
storage
A
Cobblestone
Court
Huff's
SOC.
Reception
Area
Birch Gallery
Elevator
Cedarwood
Women
Maplewood
Men
Oakwood
Lower Level
Stairwell
Entrance
Entrance
Northwoods
stage Lounge
Back
Crystal Ballroom
A
To HKMC, CKTO
Recreation/Athletic Complex
and Price Commons
Stout
Student
Association
(SSA)
Leisure Lounge
Men
Women
May 5, 2006
Dear Students, Colleagues and Guests,
On behalf of the University of Wisconsin-Stout, welcome to the Seventh Annual UW
System Symposium for Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity. Today we
showcase the significant and unique undergraduate research and creative activities
occurring at the UW System campuses and celebrate the students who will be the state’s
future researchers, entrepreneurs and leaders. We are pleased that you and more than 300
students, faculty mentors and guests from throughout Wisconsin and the UW System
have traveled here to experience this event and share in the excitement.
A hallmark of the UW System is the growing undergraduate research agenda. We
congratulate the undergraduate researchers and their faculty/staff mentors who are
participating today in the categories of poster sessions, oral presentations, gallery exhibits
and artistic performances.
A special appreciation to the Steering Committee who has guided the planning of this
statewide event to showcase undergraduate scholars, and to UW-Stout Outreach Services
who have executed the event.
We hope you enjoy your time on our campus. We encourage you to take a few minutes to
enjoy the architecture of our buildings, our sculptures and colorful flower beds.
Welcome!
Charles W. Sorensen
Chancellor
Keynote Speaker
Dr. Michael Nelson, Dean of the College of Science and Health at UW-La Crosse and PastPresident of the Council on Undergraduate Research, will present the keynote address, “The Joy
of Undergraduate Research.” His presentation will be during lunch in Ballrooms A-B-C.
A biography of Dr. Nelson’s educational background and accomplishments follows:
MICHAEL E. NELSON received his B.S. in 1965 from Fort Hays State University (KS) and
participated in an undergraduate research program as geology major. He received an A.M. from
the University of South Dakota and a Ph.D. from the University of Utah where he was a NDEA
Title IV Fellow; both degrees were in geology. Sigma Xi, the Scientific Research Society, and
The Geological Society of America supported his doctoral research. Dr. Nelson joined the
faculty of Fort Hays State University in 1970, became Chair of the Department of Geosciences in
1973, and Interim Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences in 1991. At FHSU he taught courses
in paleontology and stratigraphy, and supervised numerous undergraduate research projects and
M.S. theses. His research, and the majority of his students’ fieldwork, was centered in the
Intermountain West-Utah, Wyoming, Nevada, and Idaho.
In 1991 he was appointed Dean of the Division of Science at Truman State University, the public
liberal arts and sciences university of Missouri. On 1 July 1998 he assumed the position of Dean
of the College of Science and Allied Health at the University of Wisconsin-La Crosse (UW-L).
In 2005 the University reorganized and the areas of recreation, exercise and sports sciences, and
public health joined the computational and mathematical sciences, the physical and biological
sciences, earth sciences, and the health programs in the College of Science and Health where he
remained Dean.
Dr. Nelson is a past president of the Kansas Academy of Science, is active in the Council on
Undergraduate Research http://www.cur.org/ (Past-President, At-Large Councilor, facilitated the
CUR Institutes Institutionalizing Undergraduate Research, and The Vital Faculty: Issues After
Tenure), has presented at several Project Kaleidoscope http://www.pkal.org/ workshops, and is
serving a second, three year term (Treasurer; Director of the NCUR/Lancy Grant Program) on
the National Conferences on Undergraduate Research Board of Governors http://www.ncur.org/.
He also has traveled extensively around the country presenting lectures and workshops detailing
the benefits of a strong and viable undergraduate research program. His current project involves
forming cooperative undergraduate research programs between UW-L and several UK and
German institutions. He also has reached that age in life, as did Satchel Page, where he doesn’t
look back cause something may be gaining on him.
4
Schedule of Events
May 5, 2006
Thursday, May 4
6:00-9:00 p.m.
Early Registration Check-In
Friday, May 5
All events take place in the Memorial Student Center
7:00-8:30 a.m.
7:00-8:15 a.m.
7:00-2:15 p.m.
7:00-4:00 p.m.
7:30-8:30 a.m.
8:30-8:45 a.m.
Registration
Poster Set-up
Presentation Practice Room Open*
Campus Representative Room Open
Breakfast Buffet
Welcome/Logistics
Sue Foxwell, Director
UW-Stout Research Services
Oral Presentation Session 1
8:45-10:15 a.m.
9:40-10:15 a.m.
10:30-11:30 a.m.
11:45-12:45 p.m.
12:15-12:45 p.m.
1:00-2:00 p.m.
2:15-3:45 p.m.
3:45-4:00 p.m.
Artistic Performance-Session 1
Poster Session 1
Luncheon
Keynote address:
Dr. Michael Nelson
Dean, College of Science and Health
University of Wisconsin-La Crosse
Past-President, Council on
Undergraduate Research
Poster Session 2
Oral Presentation Session 2
Closing Remarks
Sue Foxwell
Door Prize Drawing
Holiday Manor, Lobby
Concourse Lounge
Great Hall
Northwoods, Lower Level
Prairie, Lower Level
Huffs, Lower Level
Stage area, Great Hall
Ballrooms A, B, C and Oakwood
(Oakwood located Lower Level)
Ballroom C
Great Hall
Ballrooms A B C
Great Hall
Ballrooms A, B, C and Oakwood
(Oakwood located Lower Level)
Stage area, Great Hall
* If you wish to use the Presentation Practice Room, you must stop by the Registration Desk for
instructions.
5
6
Creative Activity &
Gallery Exhibits
7
Notes:
8
CA01 Last Train to Nibroc in Rehearsal
Joe VandeSlunt, Holly Whitemarsh (Richard Gustin)
UW-Fond du Lac, Theatre Education
Ballroom C, 9:40 am-10:15 am
G002 Artist-In-Residence Exploration in Painting
Cellular Abstraction
Allison Rae Hilmer
(Charles Lume, Tamara Brantmeier)
UW-Stout, Painting
Concourse, 8:30 am-4:00 pm
UW-Fond du Lac students, Joe VandeSlunt and Holly
Whitemarsh will present their creative work in a scene
from the UWFDL Theatre's Spring 2006 production of
LAST TRAIN TO NIBROC by Arlene Hutton. The
scene will be followed by a Q & A discussion of character
work, discovery of objectives, voice and dialect work and
production rehearsal process under the direction of
UWFDL Assoc. Professor, Richard Gustin. LAST
TRAIN TO NIBROC is entered in the national American
College Theatre Festival (ACTF) whose purpose is to
encourage the development of student artists and
celebrate the best of college theatre programs in the
United States. LAST TRAIN TO NIBROC was a doublecast production, with the two casts performing on
alternate days. As such, Joe and Holly will also address
the unique nature of their collaborative process, which
included rehearsal observation and critique of the
alternate cast.
For the Bud and Betty Micheels Artist-In-Residence grant
last year, I conducted research relating art and technology.
My proposal was to produce a grouping of paintings and
drawings depicting the ability to see beyond our natural
ability through the aid of technology. I collected cellular
images of vegetables such as green peppers and onions
via the aid of a new microscope with the capacity to be
connected to a laptop. In this way I was able to
photograph and save images directly from the microscope
to my laptop as source material. I also researched cellular
biology at the university library. From my research I
created a body of work including both paintings and
drawings. I found that it wasn't necessarily an exact
realistic rendition of the cellular matter that I was striving
to achieve, but instead I hoped to recreate the sense of
awe experienced when first seeing through the lens. My
studies resulted in a rediscovery of the things we
encounter every day, though on a new level. I found that
when the images and shapes were enlarged and brought
out of context and into a new realm of media, their shapes
became somewhat familiar and they could be related to in
a new light. Perhaps they could suggest a dream, a
feeling, or a particular landscape unique to the viewer.
Through my research I was able to develop a new
dialogue in which to describe the world of senses, which I
continue to be engaged in. I would greatly appreciate the
opportunity to present this body of work again, though to
a larger and more diverse audience.
G001 Museum of Modern Design
Ciarah Coenen (Shelly Pecha)
UW-Stout, Art-Interior Design
Last semester I completed a project in which I created the
interior architecture for a museum that would display
modern developments in several fields of design. In order
to complete the project I researched what people liked and
disliked most about museums. I found that the majority
of people had the hardest time with way finding. Often
confused with where they have been and what they have
not seen I decided to put a lot of emphasis on fixing this
problem. For example, by creating an easily recognizable
entrance I was able to give museum visitors a place to
start on every floor that could easily be found again. I
also included only one entrance and one exit in each
gallery. This way, visitors will only be given the option
of entering one gallery from the space they are currently
in.
Another aspect very important with museum design is to
keep areas that were not filled with art just as interesting
as gallery spaces. This is to keep a guest's interest
throughout their visit as well as to prove the museum's
credibility and designer's thorough interest in design. I
did this by including several visually stimulating
architectural elements in the entryway.
G003 Capturing the Moment After Meditation on a
Beach
Teruyasu Miyazawa (Susan Loonsk)
UW-Superior, Art Therapy
Meditation is an activity which builds a relationship
among myself, art, and nature. Weekly meditation on a
beach influences my artwork. The nature changes
dramatically depending on seasons. Creating a series of
monthly meditation drawings helps to keep track of my
emotional and physical responses to the nature. Thus, my
goal is to portray a juxtaposition of meditation on the
beach, the seasons, and myself. In order to achieve the
goal, I use mixed media. This method allows me to create
9
multiple layers. The entire canvas is painted with acrylic,
sands from the beach are glued on top of the canvas, wax
is brushed on the canvas, and a combination of oil pastels,
baby oil, and golden powder are used. Abstract, yet
organic forms in the artwork capture the moment in
autumn. The cracked surface creates imagery of colorful
dead leaves falling down to the earth. Thus, I successfully
captured the sense of autumn through the usage of mixed
materials, colors, and texture. All my five senses,
especially auditory, tactile, and odor, become keen while
closing the eyes. Applying experiences of meditation
along with techniques of visual arts accomplish the
metaphoric capturing of nature.
10
Oral Presentation List of
Session and Room
Assignments
11
12
Session 1 (8:45am-10:15am)
Student's Name
Sarju Patel
Hatem Kouraichi
UW-Marshfield/Wood
County
Andrew M. Jungwirth
UW-Oshkosh
Chris Cleveland
Mike Boldischar
Jeff Kahon
Tom Bach
UW-Stout
Matthew J. Ekenstedt
UW-Stout
Juli M. Pitzer
UW-Eau Claire
Presentation Title
Major
Ballroom A
Building Robots: Innovative Methodology Computer Science
for Programming and Design through
Experimentation.
Developing Instructional Animations for
Three Artificial Intelligence Algorithms
Who is the winner in the race "EJB or
Hibernate?"
An Interactive Software Application for
Finite Sets
Over One Hundred Years of History: The
Evolution of Movie Theatres in Eau
Claire, WI, 1883-2005
Computer Science
Applied Mathematics
and Computer Science
Applied Mathematics
and Computer Science
Film Studies &
Production
Ballroom B
Rachel E. Anderson
UW-Eau Claire
Steven F. Henke
UW-Eau Claire
Scott J. DeWolf
UW-River Falls
Tiffany Hoage
Rebecca Baker
James Lokken
Ashley Spahn
Rebecca Valaske
UW-Stout
Arthur Kneeland
UW-Stout
Fabrication of Copper Integrated Circuit
Interconnects
Hydrocode Simulations of Impacts in the
Outer Solar System
Examination of the Evaporation
Behaviors of Water Droplets in an
Optical Trap
Understanding Zebrafish Pigment
Formation Through Functional Genomics
Monitoring Galloway Creek
13
Physics and Engineering
Physics and Astronomy
Physics
Biology
Applied Science
Session 1 (8:45am-10:15am)
Student's Name
Presentation Title
Major
Ballroom C
Anna Christine Reidy
UW-Milwaukee
Italy, Iberia and the Americas:
Reconstructing the Baroque
Music History
Anthony R. Flanagan
UW-Stout
The Role of Saints in My Recent Ceramic
Works.
Art Education
Nathan Weber
UW-Stout
A Breath of Life: Creating a Digital
Robot Character for the Use in a
Commercial
Art-Multimedia Design
Joe VandeSlunt
Holly Whitemarsh
UW-Fond du Lac
Last Train to Nibroc in Rehearsal
Theatre Education
Oakwood Room
Stanley J. Howard
UW-Eau Claire
Crime in Eau Claire, WI: The Effects of
Social Disorganization on a
Nonmetropolitan City
Criminal Justice
Eric M. Stoneberg
UW-La Crosse
Stalinism and Memory
History
Mei Li M. Kwong
UW-La Crosse
Genocide of the Quechuan People during
the Years of Terrorism in Peru (19801992)
Spanish
Kristin N. Reschenberg
UW-Oshkosh
Homicide and Social Disorganization
Criminal Justice
Felita Y. Singleton
UW-Parkside
Academic Benefits and Barriers to Civic
Engagement
Sociology and English
14
Session 2 (2:15pm-3:45pm)
Student's Name
Presentation Title
Major
Ballroom A
Andrew J. Broderick
UW-Milwaukee
Theresa A. Keller
UW-Milwaukee
Joseph B. Lawton
UW-Milwaukee
Juan Mendoza
Sarah Jones
UW-Stevens Point
Alexandra Tseffos
UW-Stevens Point
Culturally Sensitive Infrastructure Design in
Developing Cities: A Case Study in Kandy, Sri
Architecture
Lanka
A Sri Lankan Textile Market: A Study on
Improving Lost Urban Spaces
Architecture
Design by City Sense
Architecture
Tradition and Contemporary: Museum for
Frank Lloyd Wright Exhibits
Interior Architecture
Museum For Frank Lloyd Wright Exhibits: A
Interior Architecture
Celebration of Design
Ballroom B
Veronique M. Van
Gheem
UW-Stevens Point
Rachel A. Koehler
UW-Stevens Point
A Proposal for Restoration of a Pine-Oak
Forest, Capulalpam de Mendez, Oaxaca,
Mexico
Genetic Analysis of North American Yellow
Perch Strains
Nicholas D. Legler
UW-Stevens Point
The Benefits of Eliminating Unlimited Access
of Cattle to a Riparian Ecosystem
15
Biology & Forest
Ecosystem
Biology and Fisheries
Biology and Fisheries
Session 2 (2:15pm-3:45pm)
Student's Name
Presentation Title
Major
Ballroom C
Allison Herriot
UW Baraboo-Sauk
County
Ryan Petty
Allison Herriot
UW Baraboo-Sauk
County
Tammy L. Goss
UW-Eau Claire
Su-Yeon Kim
UW- Marinette
James R. Gapinski
UW-Waukesha
Maria C. Fanning
UW-Milwaukee
Malori S. Hinchen
UW-Milwaukee
Mayia N. Corcoran
UW-Platteville
Amber Traynor
Ann Rust
UW-Stout
Christopher A.
Dierich
UW-Stout
Twisting the Truth: On Henry James's "The
Turn of the Screw"
Arts and Sciences
"The Turn of the (Sexually-Hysterical)
Screwball"
Arts and Sciences
Comparison of Baraga's 1837 Jesus
Obimadisiwin and Baraga's 1850 Katolik
Enamiad
Yellow Wall Paper
Ekphrastic Poetry: The Language of Visual
Art
Oakwood Room
Obstacles to Adequate Prenatal Care among
African American Adolescents: The
Perspectives of Health Professionals
Obstacles to Adequate Prenatal Care Among
African-American Adolescents
Self-Selection of Early Vs. Late College
Psychology Participation Pool Volunteers
Parents Perspectives on how Divorce has
Affected their Children?
Headshots Are Always Preferable: The
Lunchways of Eight Graders: Manny, Dane
and Milo
16
American Indian Studies
English Writing
Education
Health Care
Administration
Health Care
Adminstration
Psychology
Human Development
and Family Studies
Philosophy/History
Oral Presentation
Schedule & Abstracts
17
Notes:
18
O001 Ekphrastic Poetry: The Language of Visual Art
James Gapinski (Dr. Peggy Rozga)
UW-Waukesha, English Writing Education
Ballroom C, 3:27 pm-3:45 pm
O003 Yellow Wall Paper
Su-Yeon Kim (Katherine Holman)
UW-Marinette
Poetry in response to visual art, otherwise known as
ekphrastic poetry, has been an undercurrent in virtually
every literary period. Yet oddly enough it has always
remained a relatively reclusive poetic subgenre. The
current project brings this subgenre out of the shadows to
elucidate its functions for poet, visual artist, and audience.
Sources for information varied from well known
ekphrastic poets, including Sharon Dolin (the author of
the ekphrastic anthology "Serious Pink") and Marilyn
Taylor (former poet laureate of Milwaukee), to analysis of
primary works by William Carlos Williams, William
Wordsworth, and many other historically significant
poets, to the study of secondary texts like John
Hollander’s "The Gazer’s Spirit" and James A.
Heffernan’s "Museum of Words." The research yielded
several insights into the nature of ekphrasis and the tenets
which guide its conventions. Ekphrastic poetry, an often
underappreciated subgenre, links language and art in a
way that transcends typical disciplinary boundaries. As
such, ekphrastic poetry is able to offer responses to works
of art without losing anything in translation. It is,
essentially, the language of visual art.
• How women’s role changed in the twentieth century.
• Through the novel “Yellow Wall Paper,” I want to
present true womanhood in the early twentieth century.
• I will present the context of the novel, and explain the
symbolic meaning of the words the writer used.
• I want to present what social changes women had
through the novel, and to get a better understanding of the
women’s rights movement.
• For the social change of women’s position in society,
women and men (the supporters) paid an expensive price.
O004 Building Robots: Innovative Methodology for
Programming and Design through Experimentation.
Sarju Patel, Hatem Kouraichi (Andrea De Palma)
UW-Marshfield/Wood County, Computer Science
Ballroom A, 8:45 am-9:02 am
Programming and Design requires abstract reasoning.
Abstract reasoning is central to computer science, and is a
difficult skill for first year computer science students to
develop. This presentation centers on the basics of
designing, building, and programming the LEGO Robots
through experimentation.
Using LEGO Robotics kits, the mechanics, electronics
principles and simple programming language, allows
students to experiment how LEGO Robots perform
simple tasks. Some of the programming concepts
employed are: variables, loops, arithmetic functions,
function calls, data/file manipulation, and random number
generation.
The results of this study make the programming concepts
easier to understand and add attention and excitement to
learning the software development process. In addition,
this study will be used in further projects as a way to
promote problem-solving activities related to the K-16
science curriculum. Students will follow tutorials to learn
how to use the robots, run programs and create their own.
O002 Twisting the Truth: On Henry James's "The
Turn of the Screw"
Allison Herriot (William R. Drennan, Ph.D.)
UW-Baraboo/Sauk County, Arts and Sciences
James's novella "The Turn of the Screw" has sparked a
great debate among literary critics over the reliability of
the story's narrator, a governess who claims that her
young charges are haunted by the ghosts of their previous
caretakers. A close reading of James's text reveals several
key and clarifying passages in this regard, including
instances in which the governess tells outright lies and
betrays her excessively affectionate attitude toward her
male pupil, Miles; all these passages subvert the
credibility of her narrative. On the basis of this evidence,
it is plausible to conclude that Miles' death at the
governess's hands unhinges her mind, prompting her, in
retrospect, to invent the ghosts in order to displace her
own guilt. Specifically, the shades of Peter Quint and
Miss Jessel reflect two aspects of the governess that she
struggles to repress. Her inability to do so presages
disaster.
19
presentation of the proposed design. A model of the
proposed design will accompany the poster.
O005 Culturally Sensitive Infrastructure Design in
Developing Cities: A Case Study in Kandy, Sri Lanka
Andrew Broderick (Professor Kapila D. Silva)
UW-Milwaukee, Architecture
Ballroom A, 2:15 pm-2:32 pm
O007 Comparison of Baraga's 1837 Jesus
Obimadisiwin and Baraga's 1850 Katolik Enamiad
Tammy Goss (Dr. Lawrence T. Martin)
UW-Eau Claire, American Indian Studies
From sidewalks and streetlights to shop signs and trash
cans, well-designed urban infrastructure improves both
the practical and experiential qualities of a streetscape at
one scale and the entire city at another. Often taken for
granted in developed cities, typically mundane street
infrastructure is ignored, disrespected and chaotic in
developing cities. This study sets out to ameliorate this
problem by examining how culturally specific design
ideas combined with well-guided urban design strategies
can improve the feel of a city. Kandy, a UNESCO World
Heritage City located in the hill country of Sri Lanka, was
used as a case study to reveal how creative urban design
initiatives can increase a city’s sense of place. Problems,
design potentials in the city and people’s attitudes towards
public space in Kandy were analyzed. A specific site in
need of revitalization was selected to demonstrate the
design approach. The recently developed Mahavali New
Towns near Kandy served as a precedent. Urban design
strategies implemented in Western cities were applied in a
culturally appropriate way. This study is an explored
design hypothesis, and doesn’t account for public
evaluation. This presentation demonstrates this
hypothesis with documentation of existing conditions,
case studies, and drawings of the design proposal.
This presentation compares the sections of Frederic
Baraga's 1837 Jesus Obimadisiwin Oma Aking dealing
with the passion and death of Jesus with his later work
from 1850 entitled, Katolik Enamiad O
Nanagatawendamowinan. The 1850 book of devotions
and instructions for Catholics may be one of the richest
sources of written Ojibwe from the time period. The text
is over seven hundred pages and has chapters that address
all manner of religious meditations for Baraga's Ojibwe
congregation. Through this comparison we were able to
trace Baraga's linguistic grasp of Ojibwe and changes to
his Ojibwe syntax, semantics, and vocabulary over a
thirteen year period. This study employed translating
selected passages of both texts using Baraga's Ojibwe
dictionary and grammar and results showed that Baraga
had a very sophisticated grasp of Ojibwemowin early on
in his career as a missionary. However, Baraga continued
to learn and refine his knowledge of this complex
language as is shown through an analysis of key words
such as ganiganikikendamogobanenag (prophet) and
matchigijwe (blaspheme).
O006 A Sri Lankan Textile Market: A Study on
Theresa Keller (Dr. Kapila D. Silva)
O008 Hydrocode Simulations of Impacts in the Outer
Solar System
Steven Henke (Dr. Paul J. Thomas)
UW-Eau Claire, Physics and Astronomy
Ballroom B, 9:03 am-9:20 am
Many urban spaces fail to serve their communities to their
full capacity. Unpleasant user experience and
misalignment of function commonly contribute to the
failure. This design research project will demonstrate
how to revive lost urban spaces by redesigning a textile
market in Kandy, Sri Lanka. Problems with the current
market include high pollution and noise levels, poor
natural lighting, detachment from surroundings, and a
lacking sense of community. The proposed design for the
market will engage the adjacent sites, serve as a
community gathering place and hub of activity for the
city’s textile industry, and provide a public oasis above
the chaos of the city within the cultural context of Kandy.
A poster will present an analysis of the existing situation
of the market, precedent studies, and graphical
Imaging of the icy surfaces of outer solar system bodies
by the Voyager, Galileo and Cassini missions reveals an
extensive history of bombardment, predominantly by
comets. To analyze the detailed physics of such events, a
Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) model was used
to simulate the impact of a comet on an icy surface. The
simulations permitted the analysis of impacts with
varying speed, impactor size and trajectory angle. One
particular focus of this study was the extent of pyrolysis
of pre-existing organic material in the icy target resulting
from the impact shock. The role of impact destruction of
organics in outer solar system bodies will be discussed.
20
O009 Crime in Eau Claire, WI: The Effects of Social
Disorganization on a Nonmetropolitan City
Stanley Howard (Dr. Justin W. Patchin)
UW-Eau Claire, Criminal Justice
Oakwood, 8:45 am-9:02 am
O011 Genocide of the Quechuan People during the
Years of Terrorism in Peru (1980-1992)
Mei Li Kwong (Dr. Donald Socha)
UW-LaCrosse, Spanish
Social disorganization theory has been useful to
criminologists in understanding the complex relationship
between neighborhood-level variables and crime within a
city. A socially disorganized community struggles to
instill the social constraints necessary to ensure informal
social control. Many previous studies have uncovered an
empirical link between social disorganization measures
and crime, yet very few have examined this relationship
in nonmetropolitan environments. The current study seeks
to fill this gap by analyzing census-based measures of
social disorganization (residential mobility, poverty,
ethnic heterogeneity) in relation to specific crime
incidents in a city of approximately 60,000 residents.
Terrorism and state sponsored violence have been
prevelant in the histories of Latin American countries and
continues in many parts of the world. This research
gathered information surrounding the activities of the
terrorist group, the Shining Path in Peru (1980-1992).
Sources compiled were written in English and Spanish
and included subcommittee meetings of the United States
Congress, reports from an international human rights
organization, and literature of Guzman, the leader of the
Shining Path. Information verified that the majority of
the 69,000 killed during this time were Quechuan, an
indigenous people, and systematic massacres of their
villages were done by both the Peruvian military and
members of the Shining Path. This was considered
genocide because of the political racism of the Peruvian
government and the Maoist philosophical beliefs of the
terrorist organization. Mutilation of sexual organs and
removal of tongues were similar to proven genocide cases
in Guatemala. The results of this research have profound
international importance. The genocide of the Quechuan
people in Peru is another example of violations of human
rights committed with direct United States involvement
by the supply of funds and military aid to the offending
government.
O010 Over One Hundred Years of History: The
Evolution of Movie Theatres in Eau Claire, WI, 18832005
Juli Pitzer (Stacy Thompson)
UW-Eau Claire, Film Studies & Production
Ballroom A, 9:57 am-10:15am
Throughout the history of motion pictures, the evolution
of movie theatres is most intriguing. From one-minute
peep shows in storefronts to the movie palaces of the
1920s to multi-screen cinemas, movie theatres have kept
in line with the economic and social market of motion
picture entertainment. Eau Claire, Wisconsin has hosted
over twenty movie theatres during the past 100 years.
These theatres have transitioned from silents to talkies,
from black to white to color, from indoor to outdoor, and
from standard theatre seating to the new stadium seating.
This project takes an in-depth look at the history and
evolution of movie houses through the medium of
documentary film. The most intriguing discovery was
made during an interview with Gene Grengs, a local
theatre owner. In a videotaped interview, he revealed the
great history of the Grengs Family Theatres in Eau Claire
and how a small business has maintained its presence
since the 1930s. He also provides insight about what to
expect in theatre design in the future. The filmmaker also
researched and scanned old photographs, video-taped on
location, and conducted other interviews to produce a 2030 minute video. This short film may serve as a resource
for the community.
O012 Stalinism and Memory
Eric Stoneberg (Victor Marcias-Gonzalez)
UW-LaCrosse, History
Joseph Stalin, as Premier of the Soviet Union, was seen in
many different lights through the eyes of onlookers. This
paper tries to uncover the views that individuals had about
Stalin after his death. The use of the historiography
theory of Memory Studies helps complete this objective.
Premier Stalin is characterized in three ways in this paper:
first, as a demigod who people trusted with their lives.
Next, after Khrushchev's 1956 Secret Speech, the same
people that admired Stalin are in a state of denial and
cannot believe their hero is this terrible villian. Lastly,
individuals create their own memorials and other ways to
remember Premier Stalin either positively or negatively.
The individuals that give their memories about Stalin are
foreigners (including U.S. ambassadors), prisoners and
other Soviet citizens, as well as Communists themselves.
21
categorizing these issues in order to develop a metaanalysis. Our findings show several commonalities
explaining the reason why African American adolescents
receive inadequate prenatal care. A few of these
commonalities include lack of support, lack of knowledge
of resources, and denial of the pregnancy. Intervention
must be developed to help decrease this disparity. This
study will hopefully provide support and help to AfricanAmerican adolescents not only throughout Milwaukee,
but eventually throughout the nation.
Throughout this document the concepts of Memory
Studies and denial are described, giving them relevance.
O013 Fabrication of Copper Integrated Circuit
Interconnects
Rachel Anderson (Dr. Kim Pierson)
UW-Eau Claire, Physics and Engineering
The purpose of this research is to develop a method of
fabricating copper integrated circuit interconnects on
silicon wafers by a process to be used in industry. To
increase the speed of circuits, industry is replacing
aluminum with copper due to its lower resistance.
Furthermore, to increase the density of components on an
integrated circuit, the interconnects are designed as large
aspect ratio trenches etched into the substrate. We create
these micro wires by filling the trenches with copper
using a unique thin film deposition system that has dual
argon plasma arcs which not only allow the copper to be
deposited, but also “resputter” the deposited film. This
keeps the trench open during the deposition process, as
well as helps create the crystalline structure necessary for
the efficient flow of electricity. Both the SEM (Scanning
Electron Microscope) and the TEM (Transmission
Electron Microscope) have been used to analyze the
samples, allowing the quality of the deposition and
crystalline structure of the films to be assessed. Results
show that this project has been successful in replicating
the promising results of collimated sputtering and long
throw distance sputtering, with fewer complicated steps,
fewer system components, and a higher deposition rate.
O015 The Turn of the (Sexually-Hysterical) Screwball
Ryan Petty, Allison Herriot (William R. Drennan, Ph.D.)
UW Baraboo-Sauk County, Arts and Sciences
Henry James's "The Turn of the Screw", the subject of
intense critical scrutiny over the years, ultimately turns on
the issue of whether or not ghosts are indeed in residence
at Bly and, consequently, on the related issue of whether
or not the governess-narrator is reliable. The answer to
these twin questions is yes . . and no. After an initial
"straight" reading of the text, the serious reader must
investigate the story's underlying intent. While hosts of
readers point to the governess's accurate description of
Peter Quint as evidence of her veracity, others argue that
her description dovetails seamlessly with prevalent
stereotypes of the predatory sexual male. Further, it can
be argued that the governess's description of Miss Jessel
is in fact a self-projection, forecasting her own outcome if
she should abandon herself, like Miss Jessel, to the free
expression of her sexuality. Ultimately, the ghosts serve
as a Jamesian warning to readers about sexually-repressed
governesses and their potentially ruinous effect on the
children for whom they care.
O014 Obstacles to Adequate Prenatal Care Among
African-American Adolescents
Malori Hinchen (Dr. Mary K. Madsen, Lisa Bradford)
UW-Milwaukee, Health Care Adminstration
Oakwood, 2:33 pm-2:50 pm
O016 Understanding Zebrafish Pigment Formation
Through Functional Genomics
Tiffany Hoage, Rebecca Baker, James Lokken, Ashley
Spahn, Rebecca Valaske (Michael Pickart)
UW-Stout, Biology
It is widely accepted in the healthcare community that
adequate prenatal care is ideal for the health of the mother
and infants. Transfer and acceptance of this information
is a major obstacle in the high health risk community
population, specifically in the low-income community.
Furthermore, an even greater cause for concern lies with
African-American adolescents. Since this group is more
at risk than those of the general population, interventions
must be developed to eliminate this gap. Administering
focus groups with young African-American adolescents
will provide the opportunity for identifying the issues
firsthand. Examining articles will also assist with
As part of the effort to increase the genomics screening
capacity of the University of Wisconsin-Stout’s Zebrafish
Lab, we are investigating morpholino
phosphorodiamidate oligonucleotide (MO) “knockdown”
of pigment-related genes. A functional genomics tool
complementary with other genomics tools, MOs allow
rapid evaluation of gene expression knockdown in
targeted pathways and are valuable in the advancement of
22
understanding human disease and vertebrate development.
To maximize embryo production for these experiments
using our limited supply of breeding zebrafish (Danio
rerio) on a primarily flake food diet, a breeding system
consisting of alternating weeks of male/female separation
has been investigated that yields about 1000 embryos per
week (two collections). In order to establish and test MO
knockdown of pigment-related genes, MOs will be
injected into embryos at the one- to two-cell stage.
Embryo manipulation and injection technique will be
evaluated via injections of a tracking dye or a MO against
tyrosinase, the rate-limiting enzyme of melanin
production. Injection efficiency greater than 90% as
assayed by the percent dye-stained embryos or percent
pigment inhibited embryos will be used to assess injection
success, prior to investigation of MO knockdown of other
pigment-related genes. Ultimately, these pigment MOs
will increase our understanding of pigment pathways.
O018 Developing Instructional Animations for Three
Artificial Intelligence Algorithms
Andrew Jungwirth (Dr. Tom Naps)
UW-Oshkosh, Computer Science
In computer science, students' understandings of complex
algorithms can often be aided by the use of visual
methods to clearly demonstrate how these algorithms
execute. For this reason, the initial goal of the project was
to produce instructional animations for several important
artificial intelligence search algorithms and incorporate
them into the visualization system developed by Dr. Naps.
The work began with extending existing programs
designed to manipulate graph and tree data structures into
visualization-producing programs used in the system.
Then, utilizing these new development tools, instructional
visualizations were prepared for the A*, Best-First, and
Least-Cost search algorithms. Feedback from surveys
conducted in a workshop for instructors interested in
using the system indicated that these visualizations helped
those with little prior experience with these algorithms to
better understand how they worked; thus, these
visualizations should be useful to students in artificial
intelligence classes. Furthermore, the general-purpose
graph and tree tools developed during the project will
decrease the time needed to produce visualizations in the
future. This will allow designers to focus most of their
development time toward improving the usefulness of
their animations for the students who use them.
O017 Monitoring Galloway Creek
Arthur Kneeland (Krista James, William F. James)
UW-Stout, Applied Science
Ballroom B, 9:57 am-10:15am
Galloway Creek, which flows through the heart of
Menomonie, Wisconsin, is an urban stream that drains
residential and commercial land uses within the
watershed. Since the fall of 2003, the water quality of
Galloway Creek has been monitored through the service
learning component of the Science, Society and the
Environmental course (BIO 111) at UW-Stout. Students
participating in this lab-based course collect water quality
data during the fall and spring semesters and report the
results to the City of Menomonie. However, since this
course is not available during the summer, a very
important set of seasonal data is missing. In order to
bridge this gap of knowledge, the pollutant loads and flow
as a result of urban runoff during storms during the
summer of 2005 were quantified using hand-held and
automated stream monitoring equipment. Over the
summer, the creek exhibited base flow groundwater
recharge during dry periods and the hydrograph was
dominated by storm sewer drainage during periods of
precipitation. Flows were extremely flashy during storm
events due to a high percentage of impervious area in the
watershed. Nutrient, pollutant, and sediment loads
increased substantially during storm events.
O019 Homicide and Social Disorganization
Kristin Reschenberg (Christopher Rose)
UW-Oshkosh, Criminal Justice
The purpose of this study was to determine if a correlation
exists between social disorganization and homicide rates.
Twenty counties from the east coast were analyzed in
groups of ten as examples of areas with high and lower
levels of social disorganization, respectively. This was
done using secondary data obtained from the FBI’s 2000
Uniform Crime Report to retrieve the homicide data along
with the 2000 census. The percent of residents below the
poverty level, the percent of renter-occupied houses, the
percent of people in the workforce that were unemployed,
and the percent of vacant housing units were all analyzed
as elements of social disorganization. A positive
correlation was found between the homicide rates in the
experimental and control counties and their levels of
social disorganization.
23
EJB and Hibernate were constructed. These statistics
allowed the class to professionally assess the advantages
and disadvantages of each technology. By working with
the Lockheed Martin Corporation the software
engineering class was exposed to the formal software
development process used in industry. Using this process
firsthand allowed the class to thoroughly understand the
way real world software applications are developed. This
paper presents the reflections software development team
during the development process and their findings for
comparing EJB and Hibernate. Final conclusions and
recommendations for selecting the appropriate technology
will be demonstrated.
O020 Self-Selection of Early Vs. Late College
Psychology Participation Pool Volunteers
Mayia Corcoran (Dr. Corinne Enright)
UW-Platteville, Psychology
Participants for psychological studies in many colleges
and universities are recruited through Introductory
Psychology Participation Pools. The generalizability of
results obtained from this rather restricted population has
been debated (e.g., Peterson, 2001; Jaffe, 2005). Further,
restrictions on the generalizability of findings may result
from the time in the semester in which the study is run.
The estimates of procrastination among students range
from 50% (Solomon & Rothblum, 1984) to 70% (Ellis &
Knaus, 1977). The current study compared early semester
volunteers (non-procrastinators) to late semester
volunteers (procrastinators) to determine if there were
important differences between these self selecting groups.
Consistent with expectations, non-procrastinators scored
significantly lower (p < .001) on the Tuckman (1991)
Procrastination scale (PS). While it has been suggested
that procrastination results from higher levels of anxiety
and fear of negative evaluation and failure (e.g.,
Rothblum, Solomon, & Murakami, 1986; Saddler &
Sacks, 1993) procrastinators reported lower levels of
anxiety about academic achievement and less fear of
negative evaluation than did non-procrastinators. Nonprocrastinators rated anxiety as having both significantly
higher facilitating and debilitating effects on performance
than procrastinators. Of interest to participation pool
users, procrastinators also scored significantly higher on
measures of social desirability.
O022 An Interactive Software Application for Finite
Sets
Matthew Ekenstedt (Dr. Radi Taleb)
UW-Stout, Applied Mathematics and Computer Science
The use of Venn diagrams is a useful tool to understand
the concepts of Sets and its applications. This paper aims
to introduce a unified approach for presenting sets and
Venn diagrams through developing an interactive
software tool in Java. This approach builds on manual
techniques and approaches used by Dr. Teleb in his finite
mathematics classes offered in the spring of 2006. The
automation of this techniques and the development of this
software tools will be tested during the spring. The
software development process, final results and
conclusions will be presented in this session. A
demonstration of the software applications will be
documented, as well as a user guide and simple help
function. Future expansion and extensions of this
approach will be discussed.
O021 Who Is the Winner in the Race "EJB or
Hibernate”?
Chris Cleveland, Mike Boldischar, Jeff Kahon, Tom
Bach (Dr. Radi Taleb)
UW-Stout, Applied Mathematics and Computer Science
O023 Design by City Sense
Joseph Lawton (Dr. Kapila D. Silva)
During the 2005 fall semester, the software engineering
class, working in conjunction with the Lockheed Martin
Corporation, developed a Java-based application to
compare the speeds of two Object Relational Mapping
(ORM) tools, namely Entity Java Beans (EJB) and
Hibernate. These tools are heavily used in industry to
allow hierarchical Java “objects” to be stored in a tabular
format in databases such as Oracle or MySQL. The
JBoss, application server, and JMS, messaging service,
provided the framework for the application. Using these
technologies a set of unbiased statistics describing both
In winter 2006 seventeen architecture students from the
University of Wisconsin – Milwaukee and their instructor
traveled half way around the world to conduct an
intensive field study in Sri Lanka. For seventeen days,
students submerged themselves in a culture to which they
were not accustomed; a culture that has been developing
for over 2500 years based deeply on traditions, needs, and
aspirations very different to western ideas. Following the
trip to Sri Lanka, twelve of the students took part in a
design studio at the School of Architecture and Urban
24
Planning. One of two projects, “Design by City Sense”,
focuses on the urban re-design of the World Heritage City
of Kandy, Sri Lanka. Students were asked to investigate
and study the city leaving all bias behind. Upon
completion of their study they selected sites in Kandy to
theoretically redesign and suggested various appropriate
functions for those locations. This presentation, which
includes the students’ impressions of the country, their
research on urban design theories, and their design
proposals, will broaden your knowledge of a land that sits
in a constant struggle between tradition and modernity,
and that is trying to define their place in a rapidly
globalizing world.
designs and ideas from paper to a 3D realistic model that
can move, interact with objects, and express emotions.
Research into robots and other mechanical objects was
necessary to the creative process, to provide a frame of
reference for the project. The study involved taking this
research, resulting in the creation of the robot character
for a short 30-second commercial in which the robot
interacts in a welding workshop and ultimately causes
havoc in a clumsy and funny, everyday situation. The
creation of this animation also required many different
software packages such as Alias' Maya and Adobe
Photoshop and After Effects. This commercial is meant to
investigate the full process of creating a 3D animation,
from sketching to modeling to the ability to have that
character pick up objects and move its appendages.
Breathing life into a virtual object like a robot also
provides an innovative groundwork for the future of
visual entertainment and marketing.
O024 The Role of Saints in My Recent Ceramic
Works.
Anthony Flanagan (Themina Kader)
UW-Oshkosh, Art Education
O028 Museum For Frank Lloyd Wright Exhibits: A
Celebration of Design
Alexandra Tseffos (Nisha Fernando)
UW-Stevens Point, Interior Architecture
Saints in art are unusual in this cynical age in which
money and self are the central gods. The need for
personal relevance is becoming a powerful component in
contemporary learning. Furthermore, with postmodern
questioning of western culture comes the question: What
value might the saints’ lives have for those people who
seek to understand them as they live out their lives in
contemporary American society?
This presentation of my recent ceramic work speaks to
my argument that to study the lives of the saints is
important because their attributes and the meaning of their
lives might resonate in our own lives. Last summer while
studying in Rome, my studies led me to St. Anthony of
Padua, patron saint of lost and stolen articles.
Incidentally, I was confronted by a related tragedy: my
passport, train tickets, and journal stolen. However, St.
Anthony offers a solution: nothing is lost in the loss of
temporal objects – the money reward for their return.
More important are the thoughts recorded in my journal
that are now manifest in my ceramic works. In this way
art is more than the materials of which they are
composed. Art is a way of thinking about life.
Born in Wisconsin, Frank Lloyd Wright brought fame to
the state through numerous works of design. This project
focused on designing a museum to accommodate his work
in a multi-use facility in Milwaukee. In addition to exhibit
areas, the facility included a gift store, café, library,
theatre, conference room, and several offices. The
research involved detailed analyses of several other
museums throughout the world. Based on the analyses of
the case studies, user needs, and the context of the
building, the design language of the museum followed a
post-modern style with a strong conceptual foundation.
One concept, for example, was to create walls in
interesting forms to help guide and move visitors through
the space effortlessly while enjoying the spatial
expressions in the interior space. In spaces not containing
any walls, floor finishes were selected to suggest the
common path of travel. Natural light was integrated in the
design as much as possible while creating interest by
creating a different character in each space. The design
also incorporated several 3-dimensional design aspects to
captivate the visitor’s eye. The museum offers a unique
design with a strong aesthetic expression while serving
the purpose of celebrating the architect, a son of
Wisconsin.
O025 A Breath of Life: Creating a Digital Robot
Character for the Use in a Commerical
Nathan Weber (Philip Motley)
UW-Stout, Art-Multimedia Design
The development of a character like ATLAS, a junkyard
robot, was part of a year long study into transforming
25
continued use of both sides of the fenced pasture and
maintains use of the stream as a water source.
Electrofishing surveys and temperature monitoring were
conducted before and after the fencing was installed as a
way to gauge changes in species composition and water
temperature. Coldwater Index of Biotic Integrity (IBI)
ratings were used to assess changes in stream conditions.
Current results indicate that limiting access of cattle to the
stream and surrounding riparian habitat resulted in
improved IBI scores and water temperatures compared to
conditions prior to fencing.
O029 Tradition and Contemporary: Museum for
Frank Lloyd Wright Exhibits
Juan Mendoza, Sarah Jones (Nisha Fernando)
UW-Stevens Point, Interior Architecture
Although internationally praised, Frank Lloyd Wright’s
designs have never been displayed in a single collection
anywhere in the world. This project is a design for a
exhibit space for Frank Lloyd Wright’s work in his native
state of Wisconsin. Located in Milwaukee, the
contemporary building is surrounded by tasteful
waterfront developments. The challenge was to design a
contemporary interior space for a multi-facility museum
that competes with traditional design elements of Frank
Lloyd Wright’s work while providing an intriguing
experience to visitors. Research on case studies provided
information vital to designing a contemporary museum
and creating interior spatial experiences that can be
attractive. The design was based on contemporary and
organic design. The project included an extensive design
process in which abstract design concepts were
transformed to schematic images. The final design
addressed 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional spatial
progression through the entire museum facility. While the
interior form adhered to an organic style, the furniture,
lighting, and finishes followed a contemporary theme.
The final product was a creative solution combining the
languages of tradition and modernity. The design
provided a comprehensive museum facility where the
architect’s work shall be perpetually celebrated within a
unique and inspirational public space.
O032 A Proposal for Restoration of a Pine-Oak
Forest, Capulalpam de Mendez, Oaxaca, Mexico
Veronique Van Ghemm (Kama Almasi, James Cook)
UW-Stevens Point, Biology & Forest Ecosystem
Ballroom B, 2:15 pm-2:32 pm
During Fall, 2005, I conducted a biological survey of a
site in Mexico and created a proposed plan for restoration.
In conjunction with two non-governmental organizations
(NGO), Estudios Rurales y Asesoria Campesina (ERA)
and Union de Comunidades Zapoteca-Chinanteca
(UZACHI), I assessed a 105 hectare site, Selva Baja. The
pine-oak ecoregions of the Sierra Madre de Oaxaca
Mountain Range are characterized by a high number of
endemic and endangered species, especially in the Sierra
de Juarez region. This ecoregion is the center for
diversification of Quercus with approximately 45 species
and is also recognized as one of 5 centers for endemism
of the Leguminosae family. Results of our vegetation
surveys show the proposed area is dominated by various
species of pine, oak, and shrubby species, such as Pinus
teocote, Pinus oaxacana, Quercus castanea, Quercus
crassifolia, Acacia spp., Bursea spp., and Leucaena spp.,
along with many species of epiphytes, and species of
medicinal or agricultural importance. Threats to the Selva
Baja area were evaluated as grazing, agriculture,
deforestation, with consequences of soil erosion. The
restoration and management of the Selva Baja will benefit
the community of Capulalpam de Mendez by reducing
erosion, raising watershed quality, protecting biodiversity
and economic gain through non-timber forest products
and ecotourism.
O030 The Benefits of Eliminating Unlimited Access of
Cattle to a Riparian Ecosystem
Nicholas Legler (Dr. Stanley Szcztko)
UW-Stevens Point, Biology and Fisheries
The United States Fish and Wildlife Service Green Bay
Fishery Resources Office, Marinette County Land and
Water Conservation Department, and Wisconsin
Department of Natural Resources participated in a
restoration project on a trout stream located in Marinette
County, Wisconsin. Cattle grazing caused reduction of
streamside vegetation, erosion, widening of the channel,
and elimination of substantial buffer area. A fence was
installed around the stream to meet the objective of
increasing stream quality by getting rid of unlimited
access of cattle to the stream and surrounding riparian
areas. A crossing structure was installed to accommodate
for farming needs. The crossing structure allows
26
greater diversity. Measures of genetic differentiation
between the populations suggest significant divergence
between the northern and southern populations.
O033 Academic Benefits and Barriers to Civic
Engagement
Felita Singleton (Dr. Helen Rosenberg)
UW-Parkside, Sociology and English
Oakwood, 9:57 am-10:15am
O038 Italy, Iberia and the Americas: Reconstructing
the Baroque
Anna Christine Reidy (Dr. Mitchell Brauner)
UW-Milwaukee, Music History
In the presentation, I review the literature on current
issues regarding the incorporation of civic engagement
into the University curriculum and report on focus group
outcomes that consider the benefits and barriers of
participating in civic engagement service learning projects
in the community. The literature suggests that while
students in general understand the importance of civic
engagement, very few of them commit to participating in
some form of organized civic or social volunteer activity.
We found that both students and faculty see the value in
civic engagement as a learning tool for both students and
community. However, student motivation was dependent
upon their professor's engagement in projects as well as
work and family commitments. Faculty were concerned
about the extra work involved and about liability issues
for students working in the community. Knowledge of
resources on campus and in the community was a barrier
for both students and faculty.
Most studies of Baroque music have concerned
themselves with the currents and composers of the Italian,
French, German cultures. Spain and Portugal are rarely
treated beyond reference to the keyboard contributions of
the (Italian born) harpsichordist Domenico Scarlatti and
the assertion that Spanish music remained stringently
conservative, undeveloped or underdeveloped, and
generally beholden to foreign, especially Italian, styles.
Though Baroque music in the Iberian Peninsula receives
little attention from historical musicology, it receives even
less in Latin America, again, for a supposed lack of
musical culture and creativity. The aim of this paper,
then, is to demonstrate the complex economy of influence
and appropriation functioning between Italy, Iberia and
the Americas during the Baroque period, thereby
illustrating the insufficiency of traditional notions of
musical normativity and unidirectional currents of
innovation and exchange. Accordingly, study will be
made of both uniquely Hispanic genres—especially the
villancico—and their various hybridized derivatives, and
of more commonly treated forms—chaconne, pasacaglia,
sarabande—which illustrate the aforementioned path of
Baroque transculturation. Furthermore, special attention
will be paid to the markedly non-European presence in
Baroque music, seen most clearly in genres such as the
Sub-Saharan villancicos negros and the Mexican nahuatl
motets.
O035 Genetic Analysis of North American Yellow
Perch Strains
Rachel Koehler (Brian Sloss, Chris Hartleb)
UW-Stevens Point, Biology and Fisheries
The North American yellow perch (Perca flavescens) has
a wide distribution across the United States and is a
commercially valuable species that is common in
aquaculture settings. Within the aquaculture community
it is believed that there are northern and southern strains
of yellow perch. Southern yellow perch tend to grow
larger, but it is unknown if this difference in growth is due
to a longer growing season in the southern United States
or to genetic differences between northern and southern
fish. To determine if different strains of yellow perch
exist, DNA samples from a northern culture population
(Wisconsin), a southern culture population (South
Carolina), a wild population from Green Bay
(Wisconsin), a wild population from Wisconsin, a wild
population from Delaware, a culture population
originating in Delaware, and three wild populations from
Maine were collected. Genetic variability was examined
at five microsatellite loci for the different populations.
Allelic diversity was significantly different between
yellow perch populations from different geographic
regions with southern yellow perch having significantly
O039 Headshots Are Always Preferable: The
Lunchways of Eight Graders: Manny, Dane and Milo
Christopher Dierich (Dr. Robert Horan)
UW-Stout, Philosophy/History
The ways in which people organize around food are often
revealing about aspects of their lives away fom the dinner
table. Three eighth grade boys from a public middle
school in Wisconsin are interviewed about their lunchtime
foodways to learn about the importance of this practice in
their lives. What is found is that the purpose of lunch for
the three boys involves much more than simply eating.
27
lives. This study will seek to explore that question by
surveying 25 male and female adults, ages 30-45 years
old in the Chippewa Valley who are divorced and have
children. Data will be collected in April and analyzed
using frequencies and mean comparisons. Implications for
practitioners and for future research will be provided and
findings disseminated.
Insights are gained into the often chaotic drama of the
lunchroom, and some of the unspoken rules by which the
boys conduct themselves. Much is revealed about the
crucially important, but often overlooked subject of
"Lunch."
O049 Examination of the Evaporation Behaviors of
Water Droplets in an Optical Trap
Scott DeWolf (Lowell McCann)
UW-River Falls, Physics
O088 Obstacles to Adequate Prenatal Care among
African American Adolescents: The Perspectives of
Health Professionals
Maria Fanning
(Dr. Mary K Madsen, Doug Harder)
UW-Milwaukee, Health Care Administration
The manipulation of objects in an optical trap (optical
tweezers) is a common technique used in several
disciplines including physics, biology and materials
science. Despite their wide use, there are several aspects
of optical trapping that are still being explored and
characterized. In this presentation we will discuss the
behaviors of water droplets trapped in air using a singlebeam optical trap imaged in three dimensions. Using a
high-speed digital camera and a novel two-axis
microscope system, trapped droplets are analyzed as they
grow and evaporate before reaching a stable diameter.
Additional topics discussed will include the effects of
laser power on the rate of evaporation, the onset of
instabilities during evaporation, and the overall size and
shape of the trap as it relates to the size of the droplet and
laser power.
In Milwaukee during 2003, there were 11,059 births. Of
these births, 125 of the babies died within their first year
of life. Only 20 of those infants were white, while 78
were African American. This means that African
American babies were 2.7 times more likely to die in their
first year of life than White infants (COMHD, 2005). In
light of these statistics, the purpose of this study was to
identify barriers to adequate prenatal care for African
American adolescents. This study was conducted with
several components which were focus groups of local
school nurses who work with African American teens,
focus groups with African American teens who were
pregnant, or who had given birth in the past year, and
lastly, interviews with health care professionals who work
with pregnant teens.
Through a thematic analysis of the data collected, four
main barriers to adequate prenatal care were revealed.
The main barriers were denial of the pregnancy, the
healthcare system, poverty and the culture of poverty, and
lack of education and communication. Gathering
information about and understanding why African
American teens were less likely than other demographics
of women to seek prenatal care is essential to helping
them have more positive birth outcomes, and thereby
strengthening the community as a whole.
O084 Parents Perspectives on How Divorce Has
Affected Their Children?
Amber Traynor, Ann Rust
(Susan M. Wolfgram, PhD)
UW-Stout, Human Development and Family Studies
Divorce continues in the United States at a 50 plus
percent level. Much has been written about the affects of
divorce on adults, but there is less in the literature about
children growing up in divorced homes and from their
perspective, how the affects of the divorce impacted their
28
Poster Session Schedule
& Abstracts
Session 1
10:30-11:30am
Session 2
1:00-2:00pm
29
Notes:
30
P001 Turtleback Jacket
Sara Barnes, Melissa Long, Stephanie Herbert, Laura
Oliver (Gindy Neidermyer)
UW-Stout, Apparel Design and Development
Great Hall, Session 1
P003 UW-Milwaukee Sports Village: A Prospect for
Identity and Revitalization
Nick Strube (Dr. Kapila D. Silva)
The initial concept of our Turtleback Jacket was a
portable environment designed to shelter and protect a
homeless person in an urban area. It began with an
assignment to design a portable environment to sustain an
individual for three days. After creating several
prototypes we constructed a jacket with a built in tent
feature that folded up into a storage area when not in use.
The jacket also included several other features which
incorporated a self inflating mattress, detachable leg
coverings, and the ability to morph into a messenger bag.
We have now changed the end use of the Turtleback
Jacket to include disaster relief, extreme sports, and other
recreational activities.
As UW-Milwaukee is growing and becoming more
recognized, the university is assessing the facilities that
house their division I teams. This design research project
investigates how a sports village for UWM would cater to
this need. The village will be located in the Menomonee
Valley in close proximity to downtown Milwaukee; while
giving a stronger presence of UWM within the city it will
also help to revitalize this post-industrial landscape.
Research for this project consisted of tours to stadiums to
analyze the program of the facilities, interviews with
designers of these facilities, researching the urban identity
and master plans of the Menomonee Valley, and studying
the architectural and socio-cultural history of sporting
facilities. The study found that new stadiums near
supporting facilities of a downtown (i.e. hotels,
restaurants, bars) are a great way to revitalize a certain
part of the city. An area that can draw people from
downtown and provide adequate access for students will
help this area to thrive. Reciprocally, downtown amenities
sustain the function of a sporting village. This
presentation demonstrates the research and design
suggestions that create a prospect for both UWMilwaukee and the City of Milwaukee in terms of identity
and revival.
P002 Fuzzy Furry Friends
Emily Siems Roberson, Stephanie Herbert (Donna
Albrecht)
UW-Stout, Apparel Design and Development
Through research collected on Worth Global Style
Network (WGSN), consumer group analysis, and color
trend forecasting research conducted, a collection of
original animal-based motif prints were designed for
girlswear 4-8x for the Spring 2007 fashion season.
Following the research indicating that prints needed to fit
the criteria of comfort and attractiveness, three different
motifs were developed using Adobe Illustrator for each of
the seasonal projections based on the concept of fuzzy
and furry: Puppy Love, Playful Kittens, and Somebunny
Loves Me. Each of these three prints was designed in a
repeat developed in Adobe Photoshop in the seasonal
projected color palette from WGSN, and was shown in
two different colorways. Using the program Fashion
Studio, different corresponding weaves in the matching
colorways were created to complement the print designs.
These prints and weaves were then applied to six original
garment designs for the Spring 2007 line Fuzzy Furry
Friends.
P004 Moment of Pause: A Breath in an Urban Place
Agatha Wieczorek (Dr. Kapila D. Silva)
This urban architectural design displays sensitivity to the
density and societal aspects of a foreign culture. The city
of Kandy, nestled in a valley in the center of Sri Lanka,
longs for a place of pause, to provide shelter from the
urban energy all around. This design exercise attempts to
provide a place of respite along the congested stretch of
urban fabric in the city center, in terms of an urban
courtyard. This courtyard is meant to allow citizens to be
filtered through city spaces, while offering relief from the
everyday commotion and congestion in Kandy. Major
issues explored are adaptive use of pavilion buildings –an
archetypical building form unique to this culture– to allow
for a variety of market and display places. The courtyard
should also create connections within the city, on a
ground and underground level, which legibly connects the
existing underground passages to each other as well as to
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traffic above. Finally, the courtyard should sensitively
allow for a green space within a densely built city. This
poster presents an analysis of the existing situation in
Kandy and the proposed design solutions for a specific
area in the city.
lacking sense of community. The proposed design for the
market will engage the adjacent sites, serve as a
community gathering place and hub of activity for the
city’s textile industry, and provide a public oasis above
the chaos of the city within the cultural context of Kandy.
A poster will present an analysis of the existing situation
of the market, precedent studies, and graphical
presentation of the proposed design. A model of the
proposed design will accompany the poster.
P005 Culturally Sensitive Infrastructure Design in
Developing Cities: A Case Study in Kandy, Sri Lanka
Andrew Broderick (Dr. Kapila D. Silva)
P007 Characterizing the Promoter of the Aedes
Aegypti RNR2 Gene
Erica Berzin (Dr. Daphne Pham)
UW-Parkside, Biological Sciences
From sidewalks and streetlights to shop signs and trash
cans, well-designed urban infrastructure improves both
the practical and experiential qualities of a streetscape at
one scale and the entire city at another. Often taken for
granted in developed cities, typically mundane street
infrastructure is ignored, disrespected and chaotic in
developing cities. This study sets out to ameliorate this
problem by examining how culturally specific design
ideas combined with well-guided urban design strategies
can improve the feel of a city. Kandy, a UNESCO World
Heritage City located in the hill country of Sri Lanka, was
used as a case study to reveal how creative urban design
initiatives can increase a city’s sense of place. Problems,
design potentials in the city and people’s attitudes towards
public space in Kandy were analyzed. A specific site in
need of revitalization was selected to demonstrate the
design approach. The recently developed Mahavali New
Towns near Kandy served as a precedent. Urban design
strategies implemented in Western cities were applied in a
culturally appropriate way. This study is an explored
design hypothesis, and doesn’t account for public
evaluation. This presentation demonstrates this
hypothesis with documentation of existing conditions,
case studies, and drawings of the design proposal.
Ribonucleotide reductases are the catalysts involved in
the reduction of ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides,
the building blocks of DNA, and are thus essential in all
eukaryotic organisms. Class I RNRs are comprised of R1
and R2 subunits that together form an active
heterodimeric tetramer. The promoter activity on the
RNR2 gene in Aedes aegypti was characterized using a
dual-luciferase reporter assay system. Transfection
assays were performed on A. aegypti cells using
experimental plasmids EZ37 and EZ15. The plasmid
EZ15 contains the entire R2 promoter sequence, and the
plasmid EZ37 contains a smaller portion of the R2
promoter. Luciferase activity was measured on both
experimental plasmids for possible iron induction. In
serum-free environments, cells are arrested in G0 phase.
Serum addition forces the progression of the cell into G1
phase. The activity after the transfer from G0 phase to G1
was evaluated. The results indicate that iron does not
induce the promoter’s activity. The activity of the smaller
region of the promoter increases as the cell progresses
from G0 phase to G1 phase.
P006 A Sri Lankan Textile Market: A Study on
Theresa Keller (Dr. Kapila D. Silva)
P008 Genetic Analysis of the Modular Model for a
DNA-binding Protein
Leann Buhrow, John K. Marciniak
(Maria P. Mac Williams)
Many urban spaces fail to serve their communities to their
full capacity. Unpleasant user experience and
misalignment of function commonly contribute to the
failure. This design research project will demonstrate
how to revive lost urban spaces by redesigning a textile
market in Kandy, Sri Lanka. Problems with the current
market include high pollution and noise levels, poor
natural lighting, detachment from surroundings, and a
Restriction-modification (RM) systems contain two
enzyme activities: a DNA methyltransferase which
methylates DNA at a specific recognition sequence, and a
restriction endonuclease which cleaves DNA that is not
modified at this sequence. In their natural setting, these
enzymes monitor DNA that enters the bacterial cell via
32
viruses or by other means. The unmodified "foreign"
viral DNA is cleaved by the endonuclease component
while the bacterial cell DNA is immune to cleavage due
to previous modification by the methyltransferase. For
type I RM systems, a single, multisubunit protein is
responsible for both activities. DNA binding specificity
is mediated by the HsdS subunit of the Type I enzyme.
Previous work has suggested that HsdS is composed of
two DNA binding domains that each bind to one-half of
the DNA recognition sequence for the enzyme. We
propose to test this modular model of DNA recognition
by constructing HsdS variants that recognize novel DNA
sequences.
P010 Chloroplast RNA Regulatory Sequences
Jennifer Lavender, Jacob W. Tatay
(David Higgs)
UW-Parkside, Molecular Biology
In chloroplasts, the photosynthetic organelles in plants,
regulation of gene expression is controlled at many levels,
including mRNA stability and translation. Small cisacting RNA regulatory sequences (“elements”) within
chloroplast 5’ untranslated regions (UTRs) often control
these events. The availability of chloroplast genomic
sequences makes it possible to use such computational
methods to identify such elements in chloroplasts or other
genomes. We use the green alga Chlamydomonas
reinhardtii to study such RNA regulatory sequences. The
nuclear, chloroplast, and mitochondrial genome
sequences are available for C. reinhardtii. The focus of
this project is to use an adapted bioinformatic program to
search for conserved sequences in RNA 5' UTRs. We
have identified one such chloroplast sequence that exists
in the chloroplast chlN, psbB, psbD, psbF, and ycf3 genes
at a higher frequency than randomly expected. The
function, if any, of this sequence is not known, and we are
conducting experiments to test if this sequence effects
RNA stability, processing, and/or translation. We will
test the functionality of this sequence in vivo using
chimeric reporter genes transformed into C. reinhardtii
chloroplasts.
P009 Genetic Characterization of Rhodobacter
Sphaeroides Lon Protease Pysiological Role
Lindsay Jones, Jackie Wood (Robert Barber)
Proteolysis or intracellular protein degradation is now
recognized as one of the most fundamental biological
processes governing cellular life. Potential physiological
roles for proteases and peptidases involved in proteolysis
in the facultative phototroph Rhodobacter sphaeroides
have been addressed through systematic construction of
null alleles in appropriate genes and phenotypic
characterization of mutant strains. R. sphaeroides is a
metabolically versatile microbe capable of growth using
an assortment of carbon sources under a variety of energy
generating conditions, including aerobic respiration,
anaerobic respiration, and anaerobic photosynthesis. An
R. sphaeroides strain lacking Lon protease is incapable of
growth under anaerobic photosynthetic conditions and
exhibits altered pigment expression under aerobic growth
conditions. Complementation studies and isolation of
suppressor mutations have been performed in an attempt
to identify potential cellular components that interact with
Lon protease under these growth conditions.
P011 Characterization of Biological Agents that
Inhibit Vibrio Species Growth
Tong Lee (Maria P. MacWilliams)
The squid symbiont, Vibrio fisheri, and its free-living
relatives of the V. phosphoreum group are marine bacteria
that have the unique distinction of producing light at high
cell densities. To better understand the forces that impact
on cell number and survival, we have attempted to isolate
Vibrio-specific bacteriophage. Initial attempts to enrich
for and isolate phage from a variety of seafood (fish,
lobster, crab) as the source inocula were unsuccessful.
V. fischeri and five V. phosphoreum strains were
screened for spontaneous prophage induction. Although
no evidence of phage was detected, two strains produced
bacteriocin-like agents that inhibited the growth of one
other strain. Such inhibitory agents are reminiscent of
colicins that target closely-related competing species in
the natural environment. Further biochemical studies will
elucidate the chemical nature of these inhibitors.
33
figure out the x and y coordinates of each daphnia and x
and y coordinates were used to figure out each indicators'
swimming speed, angle of turn, and fractal number. As a
result we have noticed that the infected daphnia tend to
have a different behavior than the uninfected daphnia. So
in conclusion, we can say that infected daphnia behaves
differently, leading us to another question. If the infected
daphnia behave differently, can their predators distinguish
this and they therefore become a more easily targeted
source?
P012 Structure/Function Analysis of a PfpI/DJ1/Hsp31 Protein Family Member
Amy Sainski, Michael E. Bose
(Robert Barber, Ph.D.)
The PfpI/DJ-1/Hsp31 family exhibits an array of
functional diversity within a conserved structure.
Members of this family have been identified in every
organism sequenced so far. This suggests a representative
of this protein family was present in the common ancestor
of all organisms and possessed functional importance
resulting in conservation throughout evolution. However,
different members of the family have been shown to
exhibit distinct functions despite sharing significant
structural and sequence similarities, indicating the
structure and/or active site of this protein family may be
readily adaptable for diverse functions. My research
attempts to determine the function of one member of the
PfpI/DJ-1/Hsp31 protein family, RSP2570 from R.
sphaeroides. The amino acid sequence of this predicted
protein is most similar to the PfpI protease; however,
RSP2570 does not exhibit peptidase activity nor
chaperone activity characterized for DJ-1 within this
protein family. Copious amounts of a histidine-tagged
variant of RSP2570 have been purified and crystal trials
have been initiated to derive a structural model for this
PfpI/DJ-1/Hsp31 protein with the intent of gaining
functional insight. In addition, biochemical and genetic
analyses are being performed to elucidate the
physiological role of this predicted enzyme.
P014 Analysis of the Fragile Prickly Pear Using RAPD
Technique
Tyson Brown (Dr. Kitrina Carlson)
The Fragile Prickly Pear (Opuntia fragilis) is a
geographically wide ranging cactus that has isolated
endangered populations in the Wisconsin area. It is our
goal to determine the genetic diversity of these isolated
plots. To do this, DNA is extracted from each sample and
then RAPD (random ampliphied polymorphic DNA)
analysis is run. However, research has not reached the
RAPD analysis phase. This is because, it is exceedingly
challenging to retrieve uncontaminated DNA samples.
The problem appears to be a high content of extra-cellular
polysaccharides that bind to the DNA molecules. Once
bound, these sugars are nearly impossible to dislodge,
thus rendering the extracted DNA unusable. Discussion
will include the various failed extraction protocols and
new ideas for retrieving usable DNA.
P013 Behaviors of Daphnia Infected with Polycaryum
Laeve
Brye Jorstad (Rudi Strickler)
UW-Milwaukee, Biology
P015 SSCP as a Molecular Diagnostic Technique for
the Detection of Plant Pathogens
Marc Hannum (Dr. Kitrina Carlson)
Studies have found that some daphnia, pulicaria, have
been discovered to be carrying and infected with
Polycaryum laeve, a chytrid fungus. The purpose of this
study is to find out if the infected daphnia and the
uninfected daphnia have different types of behaviors. The
indicators that a daphnia has become infected are the
swimming behavior, angles of turn and possibly the
fractural number. In experiments there are three factors
that must be taken into consideration. These factors are,
light, kairomone (predator cues), and Polycaryum laeve.
In this experiment 15 minute films of the daphnia were
taken, each one with a different variety of the three main
factors, a tracking software (Vidana) was then used to
The well-being of the agricultural industry in the United
States relies heavily on the producers’ ability to maintain
a reasonable level of quality assurance over the health of
their crops. SSCP is a convenient, reliable, and costeffective way to identify potentially harmful plant
pathogens with a high degree of accuracy. SSCP, or
Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism, is a method
for differentiating single-stranded DNA fragments of a
particular size based on their movement through a
polyacrylamide gel under electrophoresis. By modifying
universal primers for PCR to yield a sufficiently small
DNA fragment (between 100-300 bp), we can identify
34
variations between a specific genetic sequence within an
array of DNA samples. Careful inspection of these
genetic sequence variations, as observed in the banding
pattern on a polyacrylamide gel, will reveal which
pathogen the plant is infected with and its genetic
variance. The goal of this project is to automate the SSCP
process which will allow scientists to quickly and
accurately screen for several different plant pathogens at
once without the need for expensive genetic sequencing
analysis.
P017 Monitoring Galloway Creek
Arthur Kneeland
(Dr Kristina James, William F. James)
Galloway Creek, which flows through the heart of
Menomonie, Wisconsin, is an urban stream that drains
residential and commercial land uses within the
watershed. Since the fall of 2003, the water quality of
Galloway Creek has been monitored through the service
learning component of the Science, Society and the
Environmental course (BIO 111) at UW-Stout. Students
participating in this lab-based course collect water quality
data during the fall and spring semesters and report the
results to the City of Menomonie. However, since this
course is not available during the summer, a very
important set of seasonal data is missing. In order to
bridge this gap of knowledge, the pollutant loads and flow
as a result of urban runoff during storms during the
summer of 2005 were quantified using hand-held and
automated stream monitoring equipment. Over the
summer, the creek exhibited base flow groundwater
recharge during dry periods and the hydrograph was
dominated by storm sewer drainage during periods of
precipitation. Flows were extremely flashy during storm
events due to a high percentage of impervious area in the
watershed. Nutrient, pollutant, and sediment loads
increased substantially during storm events.
P016 Understanding Zebrafish Pigment Formation
Through Functional Genomics
Tiffany Hoage, Rebecca Baker, James Lokken, Ashley
Spahn, Rebecca Valaske (Michael Pickart)
UW-Stout, Biology
As part of the effort to increase the genomics screening
capacity of the University of Wisconsin-Stout’s Zebrafish
Lab, we are investigating morpholino
phosphorodiamidate oligonucleotide (MO) “knockdown”
of pigment-related genes. A functional genomics tool
complementary with other genomics tools, MOs allow
rapid evaluation of gene expression knockdown in
targeted pathways and are valuable in the advancement of
understanding human disease and vertebrate development.
To maximize embryo production for these experiments
using our limited supply of breeding zebrafish (Danio
rerio) on a primarily flake food diet, a breeding system
consisting of alternating weeks of male/female separation
has been investigated that yields about 1000 embryos per
week (two collections). In order to establish and test MO
knockdown of pigment-related genes, MOs will be
injected into embryos at the one- to two-cell stage.
Embryo manipulation and injection technique will be
evaluated via injections of a tracking dye or a MO against
tyrosinase, the rate-limiting enzyme of melanin
production. Injection efficiency greater than 90% as
assayed by the percent dye-stained embryos or percent
pigment inhibited embryos will be used to assess injection
success, prior to investigation of MO knockdown of other
pigment-related genes. Ultimately, these pigment MOs
will increase our understanding of pigment pathways.
P018 Identifying Chemicals that Alter Zebrafish
Pigment
Rebecca Valaske, Rebecca Baker, Tiffany Hoage, James
Lokken, Ashley Spahn (Michael Pickart)
UW-Stout, Biology
The primary aim is to investigate four chemicals with
potential to alter the formation of the black stripes of
zebrafish using chemical screening protocols at UWStout. For each compound to be tested, a stock solution is
made and diluted via serial dilution to establish a range of
treatment concentrations. About 20 zebrafish embryos are
placed in a dish and treated with 3 mL of chemical
solution and grown at 30°C for 48 hours. Embryos are
then visually assayed under the microscope for pigment
loss or other malformations resulting from chemical
treatment. Initial observations with phenylthiourea (PTU)
suggest a dose of 0.025% PTU is sufficient to cause
complete albinism; in addition, other developmental
malformations are also present in 100% of the treated
embryos. In contrast, doses ranging from 0.003 to 0.010%
35
PTU resulted in nearly complete inhibition of pigment
formation in the majority of embryos with very few
malformed embryos observed. Thus, preliminary data
supports previous reports that PTU is effective at
inhibiting pigment formation in zebrafish. Subsequent
work will evaluate the compounds glucosamine, N-acetylD-glucosamine, and niacinamide and may help to identify
chemicals that may be useful for further investigations to
understand the genetic control of pigment formation in
zebrafish.
P020 Activity of Synthetic Capsaicin Analogs on The
Vanilloid Receptor TRPV1
Julie Carrell (Karen Klyczek)
UW-River Falls, Biology
The active ingredient in hot peppers, capsaicin, causes a
burning sensation by stimulating vanilloid receptors in
sensory nerves. Capsaicin also is being marketed as a
topical pain reliever, because the same action that triggers
the burning sensation appears to inhibit the sensation of
pain. Colleagues in the Chemistry department have
synthesized capsaicin analogs that may inhibit pain
without causing the burning sensation. The goal of this
part of the project was to develop an in vitro system for
testing the ability of the synthetic capsaicin analogs to
stimulate or block the capsaicin receptor, TRPV1, as
measured by calcium influx into cells. In order to
generate cultured cells expressing the capsaicin receptor,
the TRPV1 gene was obtained from the German Genome
Project and subcloned into a mammalian expression
vector. It was then used to transfect HEK cells so they
would produce TRPV1 protein on their cell surface. The
ability of the capsaicin analogs to bind TRPV1 is being
tested by exposing these transfected cells, loaded with
fluorescent calcium-binding dye, to the various analogs
and quantifying the amount of fluorescence emitted.
P019 Response of Ground Dwelling Invertebrates to
Changes in Prairie Community Composition
Kevin Buffington
(Dr. Paula Kleintjes, Dr. Evan Weiher)
UW-Eau Claire, Biology
The objective of our project is to investigate the response
of ground-dwelling invertebrates to changes in prairie
plant species community composition as a result of
reductions in fungal mutualists, interspecific competition
and available soil resources. The project is part of a long
term NSF-REU sponsored project that involves an
experimental prairie located in Brackett, Wisconsin. The
design entails 45 randomized replicates of four
treatments; control, fungicide, fertilizer and
fungicide/fertilizer. We used one pitfall trap within each
treatment to assess invertebrate richness (n=45). Traps
were activated on 15 and 30 August, and samples were
collected after 48 hrs. Samples were identified to the
lowest taxonomic level and analyzed by taxa and
functional group. Species richness and abundance were
lowest in the fungicide/fertilizer treatments in comparison
to the control and fertilizer only treatments. Fungicide
treatments alone had variable effects. The insect Orders
Collembola, Hemiptera, Coleoptera, Diptera and
Hymenoptera had the greatest taxonomic representation.
P021 Gene Expression Profiles of Monocytic Cells
Exposed to Amphotericin B
Amy Croswell, Alison E. Obr (Lloyd Turtinen)
UW-Eau Claire, Biochemistry/Molecular Biology
Pathway specific gene arrays were used to access gene
expression in THP-1 monocytic cells exposed to three
different formulations of the anti-fungal drug,
amphotericin B (FZ, ABCD, ABLC). FZ and ABCD, but
not ABLC, substantially increased mRNA levels of a
number of important inflammatory cytokines including
Gro-B, MIP-1b, MIP-1a, IL-8, and IL-1B above control
levels. A different gene array measured expression of 113
genes representing induction of 18 different signal
transduction pathways. FZ increased mRNA levels of the
largest number of genes and thus activated the most signal
pathways. These results highlight the substantial cellular
activity induced by the FZ formulation; which in part
explains the substantial acute toxicity of this drug.
Further analysis of these results and more focused arrays
will increase our understanding of the differential effects
of all three drugs on the signalling of important genes
involved in pathogenesis.
36
these studies, we maintained HEK-293 artificial tissues
for more than 5 months. In later cultures, “tissue-like”
structures developed at the terminal ends of scaffolding
fibers and consistently formed very large, relatively
rounded features. After approximately 2 months in
culture, these rounded structures began to show evidence
of tubular features developing around the periphery.
Eventually, some of these features became dislodged and
essentially explanted onto the culture well floor. During
this explant process, the structures essentially
disassembled and the presence of a true tubular
architecture was clearly observed. In some cases this
characteristic was then maintained and even repeated in
the resulting monolayer cultures. These observations
strongly suggest that differentiation is being induced or
enhanced by culturing HEK-293 cells on these 3D
scaffoldings.
P022 Artificial Tissue Development of Trophoblast
Cells on Three-dimensional Scaffolds Induce
Phenotypic Changes and Cell Differentiation
Modeling Human Placental Tissue Behavior.
James Grosek (Timothy Lyden, Ph.D.)
An important step for human fetal development occurs
when early developmental cells, called trophoblasts, form
a cellular interface between the developing embryo and
uterine wall of the host mother. This important interface
allows for the exchange of nutrients and wastes between
the mother and the developing fetus. These trophoblast
cells form on the outside of the embryo before implanting
in the uterus, and are the first embryonic cells that
eventually differentiate into villus and extra-villus
pathways. This presentation includes our recent
observations of BeWo cells (model choriocarcinoma
trophoblast cells) growing in vitro on tubular, threedimensional scaffolds, using basic tissue engineering
methods. Our work has revealed that trophoblast cells
developing on these artificial scaffolds show distinctive
phenotypic changes, resulting in clearly villus structures.
Cells harvested from these scaffolds also reveal
differentiation in the form of cell ridges. In addition,
when grown on planar collagen sheets, the BeWo cell
colonies exhibit extra-villus phenotypic behavior of
digesting the collagen as if they were invading the uterine
stroma. Colonies harvested off of the planar sheets also
display spontaneous syncytial cell formation around the
periphery of larger branching regions, forming an
invasion front that simulates implantation into the uterine
wall.
P024 Testing of Synthetic Compounds for Apoptosisinducing Capacity Reveals a Specific Cell-death
Pathway.
Caroline Martin (Timothy Lyden, Ph.D.)
In an ongoing series of studies focused on the evaluation
of “apoptosis-inducing” potential in a library of synthetic
N-Phenethylpyridinecarboxamides we have previously
observed significant amounts of cell death. However, our
preliminary data suggest that the process being induced is
not classical “apoptosis” or necrosis. As a result,
additional new studies have been conducted to further
qualify the nature of the effects produced by our
compounds on cervical carcinoma (Hela) cell cultures.
To date, we have established that these compounds induce
significant programmed-cell death, but that the majority
of these effects are not classic apoptosis. Data generated
in recent studies indicate that these compounds actually
induce a newly defined form of programmed-cell death
called “mitotic catastrophe.” In this form of cell death,
the process of mitosis essentially stalls and is followed by
a restructuring that eventually leads to more classic
apoptosis or renewed cell cycling after DNA repair.
These new observations have been made and evaluated
with phase contrast, time-lapse and fluorescent
microscopy. Additional studies are currently applying
Western blot analysis to confirm the presence and
prevalence of mitotic arrest in protein samples harvested
during the earlier work.
P023 Longterm "Artifical Tissue" Cultures of Human
Embryonic Kidney (HEK-293) Cells Show Distinctive
Features Associated with Differentiation.
Mindy Johnson, Caroline Martin, Nina Watercott
(Timothy Lyden, Ph.D.)
Recently our laboratory has been focusing on the
application of fundamental “tissue-engineering” methods
to the study of cellular differentiation and tissue
development in-vitro. This work has mainly examined
epithelial cells and successfully developed 3-dimensional
artificial tissues from 4 distinct cell lines. Here we report
on the long-term growth of HEK-293 cells on 3D
collagen-like scaffolds as well as evidence of phenotypic
shifts in these cells to a distinctly differentiated state. In
37
required for M-phase progression during the cell cycle.
Cyclin A1 normally associates with and regulates a cyclin
dependent kinase. Our results raise the intriguing
possibility that cyclin A1 may also act in concert with the
RNA binding protein Hermes to control early embryonic
cell divisions. We are currently further characterizing the
Hermes:cyclin A1 interaction as well as continuing to
isolate and sequence cDNA that encode candidate Hermes
binding proteins.
P025 Azo Dye-Degrading Bacteria
Miranda Myers, Ellen A. Christensen
(Sasha Showsh)
Azo Dye degradation is an increasing environmental
concern about the appearance of color in wastewater
generated from textile and paper companies. This has
made the bio-treatment of dying effluents increasingly
attractive to the industry. Azo dyes are reactive effluents
and are generally considered to be recalcitrant against
biodegradation. Azo dyes are characterized by the
presence of one or more azo groups (-N=N-). Current
methods for removing azo dyes are physiochemical
techniques, such as absorption, chemical oxidation,
photodegradation, or membrane-filtration; they are all
expensive and unfeasible. Removal of dye compounds
from wastewater is an important issue for dye
manufacturers. Most of the microorganisms that have
been shown to degrade azo dyes are anaerobic fungi and
bacteria. We have isolated several aerobic bacteria that
are able to degrade azo dyes. One of the isolates has been
characterized as an endospore forming Gram-positive
bacterium. This particular isolate is capable of degrading
300µg dye/ml. We are currently in the process of
identifying the by-products of azo dye metabolism by this
isolate as well as isolating the gene/s responsible for the
metabolism of azo dye.
P027 Primary Nervous Tissue Grown and Potential
Development in 3D Cultures
Tory Schaaf, Tim Pearson
(Timothy Lyden, Ph.D., Bonnie Walters, Ph.D.)
Recent studies in our laboratory have focused on the
application of basic tissue engineering methods and
techniques to evaluate the behavior of cells in tissue-like
3-dimensional culture conditions. With several
continuous epithelial cell lines we have established longterm cultures which display clear evidence of cellular
differentiation in the 3-D context of these methods. Now,
we report on similar studies which have employed a
complex collagen-like tubular scaffolding to grow
primary chick embryonic neural cells. In these studies we
are seeking to evaluate the relative plasticity of chick
neuronal cells and tissues at several stages of
development. It is well established that embryonic brain
tissue is extremely dynamic and is constantly undergoing
restructuring throughout the gestational period. Our
studies are seeking to make use of this plasticity to
develop methods of study for neural tissues in vitro that
will more naturally reflect the brain’s normal 3dimensional architecture. Results of preliminary work
indicate that our methods are applicable to primary cells
as well as continuous lines. Further, these studies strongly
indicate that tissue-like features develop in these 3-D
cultures as well.
P026 A Molecular Genetics Screen For Proteins That
Xenopus Proteins That Bind To Hermes Reveals a
Novel Interaction With The Cell Cycle Control
Protein, Cyclin A1
Charles Packard (Scott Ballantyne)
UW-River Falls, Biotechnology
Hermes is an RNA binding protein that is needed for the
development of the frog Xenopus laevis. Hermes controls
cell division in the early embryo1 and is also required for
proper heart formation during later development2. We
have performed a yeast two hybrid screen to search for
frog proteins that bind to Hermes. We obtained ~70 yeast
colonies that contain candidate Hermes binding proteins.
Currently, we are isolating and sequencing the cDNA that
encode these proteins. By identifying the proteins that
interact with Hermes, we hope to better understand how
Hermes controls development. We have now obtained
partial cDNA sequences for three of the candidate Hermes
binding proteins. Bioinformatic analyses indicate that one
cDNA encodes the protein, cyclin A1. Cyclin A1 is
P028 Blockade of Serotonin (5-HT) 2A, 2B, 2C
Receptors in Mammalian Spinal Cords
Katie Asp (Dr. Brad Seebach)
UW-La Crosse, Biology
To determine the role of serotonin 2 (5-HT2) class
receptors in generating an alternating bilateral rhythm,
dissected spinal cords from lab rats (day of birth (P0) to
postnatal day 5 (P5)) are immersed in cerebrospinal-like
38
connecting the presence of trails to the abundance of
birds. A longer study may reveal a relationship between
the presence of trails and bird abundance. The results of
this study indicate that TRC is managing its bioreserve
with minimal impact on its wildlife.
saline solution. Suction electrodes are attached to ventral
lumbar roots L2 through L5 to record the electrical
activity of action potentials. Neurons are stimulated via
the application of 50uM serotonin. To differentiate the
three 5-HT2 receptor types, a 2B/2C antagonist,
SB206553, is applied to the spinal cord. Following
blockade, a wash with 50uM serotonin and varying
amounts of SB are applied. The data sets of serotonin are
compared to the data of serotonin and SB to determine
any alteration in rhythm. Accrued data suggests a
possible organizing effect of the SB compound. Of the
nine successful trials using SB, seven trials showed an
organizing affect with the application of either 50nm or
250nm SB. This organization was shown in stable
rhythmic burst patterns or in stable alternating patterns of
the central pattern generator. Based upon these
preliminary results, the 2B and 2C receptors do not appear
to possess a pivotal role in organizing the alternating
bilateral rhythm.
P030 The Effects of a UV Gradient on Phytoplankton
in an Alpine Lake
Kristen Pitts (Jasmine Saros)
The amount of ultraviolet radiation (UV) reaching the
earth’s surface is increasing due to the depletion of
atmospheric ozone, having consequential effects on
organisms and ecosystems. In aquatic systems, it is
important to understand the effects on phytoplankton,
which make up the base of the food chain. Previous
research has demonstrated that UV can reduce
phytoplankton growth rates; these experiments consisted
of either exposing or not exposing phytoplankton to UV.
Hence, the level of exposure that causes a decline in
growth has not been quantified under natural conditions.
In this project, we tested the effects of a gradient of UV
intensities on phytoplankton growth. This exposure
gradient was established by incubating phytoplankton at
four different depths in a highly UV-transparent lake. The
experiment was conducted for 6 days, at the end of which
samples were collected for phytoplankton enumeration.
Linear regressions were used to assess the correlation
between UV intensities and percent change of certain
species. Overall, in comparing the + UV and – UV
treatments, there was a negative effect on phytoplankton
from UV. However, there was not a strong correlation
between the UV intensity and percent change of any
species.
P029 Effect of Human Trails on Avifauna in a
Tropical Ecosystem
Dan Hannen-Starr (Dr. Robin Tyser)
Because ecotourism is increasing in tropical rainforests,
resource managers need to ensure that trails in tropical
bioreserves do not disrupt wildlife. Breeding habits and
population distribution of birds in North America are
known to be negatively effected by human trails (Zande,
1984; Miller, 1998); however, little research has been
done on the effects of trails in tropical ecosystems.
Between May and August of 2005 bird counts were
performed in Tirimbina Rainforest Center (TRC), Costa
Rica, to determine if bird distribution patterns were
affected by: 1) the presence of recreational trails and 2)
human activity on the trails. In the summer months
approximately 30 to 100 people per day hike on the TRC
bioreserve trails in tour groups. Bird abundance was
determined through census counts while following tour
groups along the TRC bioreserve trails. Bird species and
abundance within 25 meters of either side of the trail were
determined while walking 25 meters behind tour groups.
Each census was paired with a similar census (same trail
length/direction, time of day, and weather conditions)
conducted when tour groups were not present on the
trails. Bird abundance was greater when tour groups were
not present (paired t-test: P=0.0042), indicating that bird
abundance may have been altered by the presence of tour
groups. Point counts 100 meters from the trails were also
executed to determine the affect of the presence of trails
on bird abundance. A significant pattern was not found
P031 Species Concepts in Eocronartium
Eric Olson (Dr. Beth Frieders)
UW-Platteville, Biology
This project involves species concepts in the fungus
Eocronartium, a parasite of moss plants. The results of
this project will give perspective on the ancestry of the
closely related and economically important rust
pathogens, provide a background for future research in
this area and advance basic science. The goal of the
project is to determine if more than one species exists in
Eocronartium. To determine differences between
39
individuals of Eocronartium and other species we
employed highly variable DNA sequences to highlight the
differences. The morphology of host-parasite interactions
at the cellular level have been investigated through
analytical light microscopy. At this point we have aligned
one gene and built a phylogenetic tree for twenty eight
individual specimens. The tree shows the individuals of
Eocronartium fall into five distinct groups.
Morphological differences include parasitism of the
gametophyte or sporophyte tissues of the host plant and
the presence of fungal hyphae between or inside host
cells. Morphology of host-parasite interactions will be
combined with sequence data to give perspective on the
number of individual species within the genus
Eocronartium. The results will be discussed and an
argument will be made for the separation of Eocronartium
into more than one species.
P033 "Does it Come in Green?"
Eliza Wheeler (Charles Bomar)
UW-Stout, Graphic Design
Each year, thousands of buildings, from residential to
public, are newly built or remodeled. With the current
state of the environment, and dwindling energy from
conventional resources (e.g., gas, oil, and electricity),
many people are looking for more ecological and
economical ways to build. This study explores options for
Green Building design. Many building materials come
from clear-cut forests and also have additives that make
them hazardous to our bodies. What kinds of materials
have properties that make them safe for the environment,
and safe for their users? What are energy efficient
choices, and how does one go about finding these
alternatives? These are the questions explored in this
study, as well as cost comparisons and finding the overall
costs and benefits in trying to go “Green.” Ecological
buildings can be attainable in projects as small as
remodeling a room, to projects as large as entire office
buildings and universities. This project explores the
options available, and makes them real for those longing
to use them, and more importantly, for those who need to
be aware of them.
P032 A Possible New Species of Synapturanus
Carvalho, 1954 (Anura, Mircohylidae) From Peru
Sarah Orlofske (Dr. Erik Wild)
UW-Stevens Point, Biology
The genus Synapturanus currently contains three species
of small, terrestrial, burrowing frogs: Synapturanus
mirandaribeiroi, S. salseri and S. rabus. All the species
inhabit the leaf litter on the rainforest floor of northern
regions of South America (Pyburn 1976). Specimens were
collected by W.W. Lamar in a montane region of Peru,
outside the known range of any of the species previously
described in this genus. The habitat also differs
considerably from the other species in the genus, which
are all known from lowland rainforest habitats. This
species is a member of the genus Synapturanus based on
the combination of the following characters:
diplasiocoelous vertebrae; clavicles and procoracoids
absent; ethmoid fused to parasphenoid; subarticular
tubercles absent; toes without webs; snout acuminate,
elongate, extending well beyond lower jaw (Carvalho
1954, Pyburn 1975, Nelson and Lescure 1975). All
measurements are in millimeters and were taken with an
ocular micrometer in a stereomicroscope or measured
with dial calipers to the nearest 0.1mm. Osteological
observations were made from two cleared and stained
specimens. Drawings were executed with a
stereomicroscope with a drawing tube. A more detailed
investigation is currently underway to determine the
species status and phylogenetic relationships of these
specimens.
P034 Hydrologic Investigation of Seasonal Wetlands at
the Chiwaukee Prairie, Wisconsin
Ryan Helgesen (Dr. John Skalbeck)
UW-Parkside, Geosciences
The Chiwaukee Prairie, located along the coast of Lake
Michigan, contains seasonal wetlands that generally fall
short of the wetland hydrologic and/or vegetative
indicators during the dry portions of the growing season.
Water levels were measured over three growing seasons
(2003, 2004, and 2005) at three locations containing both
Sedge Meadow and Low Prairie plant community sites.
At each of these six sites, a pressure transducer data
logger installed beneath the water table within a
piezometer was set to record date and time, temperature,
and total pressure in half hour intervals. Barometric
pressure readings recorded at one site were subtracted
from the total pressure readings to calculate water levels
for each piezometer. Data for 2003 and 2004 growing
seasons show water levels in the root zone for
approximately 10% to 50% of the season. The 2005
growing season data shows a considerably drier growing
season with root zone inundation during approximately
10% of the season. Army Corps of Engineer criterion
40
indicates water-level for a wetland must be within the root
zone for 5% to 12.5% of the growing season. The water
level data collected over the past three years confirms that
the Chiwaukee Prairie contains seasonal wetlands.
dissolved oxygen available to fish and other aquatic
species. It is therefore of great interest to assess the
concentrations of phosphates in the Red Cedar Watershed.
Surface water samples from the Red Cedar River and
Lake Menomin and a well water sample from Menomonie
were collected and analyzed for their phosphorus
concentrations using the Ascorbic Acid Method found in
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and
Wastewater. For the prevention of algae blooms, the EPA
recommends that phosphorus levels not exceed 25 µg/L.
All of the water samples taken had concentrations below
this value. However, all the samples were taken in midOctober, and it is believed that the annual turnover of the
waters had already taken place. If a future study permits,
analysis should be done during mid-late summer.
P035 Wetlands Delineation of the Willow Swamp,
University of Wisconsin - Parkside
Zoe McManama (Dr. John Skalbeck)
UW-Parkside, Geosciences
The Willow Swamp is a man-made depression
approximately 1.7 acres in size located on the University
of Wisconsin-Parkside campus in Kenosha, Wisconsin.
The depression was created during campus construction
as a holding pond for excess storm water runoff from
parking lots. The purpose of this investigation was to
determine the extent of wetland features that may have
developed within the depression and to establish if the
area could be classified as a wetland through routine
onsite delineation.
Historical aerial photos show changes in vegetation from
construction to the present, with the area becoming
populated with hydrophilic species. These species have
declined in health and number during dry years.
Delineation results show sufficient classification criteria
for the area to be designated a wetland; however, as
outlined in the Army Corps of Engineers Wetlands
Delineation Manual (1987), a wetland must be able to
exist without artificial water addition to the area.
Although the Willow Swamp fails this criterion,
examination of storm water drainage channels and
topographic maps suggests that the channels may be
diverting water away from the depression. Potential
simple changes in the channel configuration could rectify
this situation and restore the area to an active wetland site.
P037 Chlorine Content of Water Samples
Maxine Pettis (Dr. Ana M. Q. VandeLinde)
Just as water is essential to life, chlorine is essential to
safe water. Public health officials agree that chlorine is
crucial to eliminating waterborne diseases and is the
safest way to assure quality drinking water. Safe,
chlorinated water has played a key role in (a) increasing
life expectancy, from about 45 years in the early 1900s to
about 76 years at present (b) a decline in infant mortality
rates, and (c) the virtual elimination of cholera, typhoid
fever, dysentery and gastroenteritis, as well as many other
waterborne diseases that once killed tens of thousands of
Americans.
The research study that I conducted deals with the
determination of chlorine content in water samples.
Samples that were analyzed include well, surface, tap and
pool water. Analysis was conducted using the Iodometric
method outlined in the Standard Method for the
Examination of Water and Wastewater. In this technique
the chlorine in the sample will liberate free iodine from
potassium iodide. The liberated iodine is titrated with a
standard sodium thiosulfate with starch as an indicator.
Undetectable levels of chlorine were found in well and
surface water samples. Continued studies are being
performed on pool and tap water samples from various
locations.
P036 Phosphate Concentrations in the Red Cedar
Watershed
Katie Ek-Pangerl (Dr. Ana M. Q. VandeLinde)
UW-Stout, Chemistry
Phosphorus, an inorganic chemical used in the
fertilization of agricultural fields, is a limiting nutrient in
the growth of plants. Runoff from these fields carry
phosphorus to nearby groundwater and surface water.
Increased levels of phosphorus in combination with high
nitrogen concentrations stimulate algae blooms. The
decomposition of this large amount of organic matter in a
body of water can significantly deplete the amount of
41
staining of laundry, glassware, dishes, and household
fixtures.
The analyses of iron and lead levels were performed using
flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Nitrate analysis
was conducted using the UV-spectrophotometric
screening method. Limit of detection studies were
performed for each analysis to determine the detection
limit of the instrumentations used.
The values detected in this research were compared to the
limits set by the EPA, FDA, and the International Bottled
Water Association. These agencies regulate drinking
water by setting Standards of Quality and Maximum
Contaminant Levels for Water.
P038 A Buried Secret: Atrazine Levels of Water
Samples
Andrew Smith
(Dr. Ana M. Q. VandeLinde, Dr. Martin Ondrus)
UW-Stout, Chemistry
About 15 years ago the landfill in the town of Ridgeland
was permanently closed. Before the site was closed, the
community witnessed disposal of truckloads of unwanted
herbicides and insecticides by a local company. Concerns
of contamination of their water supply among the
residence were apparent. To assess the impact of the
disposal of the hazardous chemicals, we engaged in water
analysis of atrazine and the chlorinated degradation
products of atrazine. Solid-phase extraction of atrazine
and reverse-phase HPLC analysis was conducted on
samples from four neighboring wells that surround the
landfill and on three surrounding surface water samples
near the landfill. Analysis determined two of the seven
water samples contained trace concentrations of atrazine
suggesting limited leaching or no presence in the landfill.
Nitrate and the sulfate levels of the same water samples
were also analyzed. Spectrophometric techniques were
used to determine sample concentrations. Sulfate analysis
determined all samples to contain varying amounts of
sulfate from 6 mg/L to 29 mg/L. All samples were below
unregulated maximum concentrations. Nitrate
concentration determinations are in progress.
P040 Fluoride Content of Bottled Water
Lee Xiong (Dr. Ana M. Q. VandeLinde)
UW-Stout, Chemistry
Fluoridation of drinking water is a very controversial
issue. Opposing viewpoints of the beneficial effect of
fluoride in water exists. Some advocacy groups publish
reports on the hazards of fluoridation. On the other hand
doctors and dentists highly recommend the use of
After conducting its own review, NIH believes that the
dramatic reductions in tooth decay in the past 30 years are
due to fluoridation of the water supply, and parents and
health professionals should continue to ensure that kids
receive enough fluoride to prevent tooth decay.
There is a growing trend of using bottled water instead of
tap water. The bottled water industry claims that bottled
water is safer, purer, mineral-free, and better tasting;
however bottled waters may lack fluoride.
This research study involves determination of the
concentration of fluoride in bottled water products that
can be purchase around the area. Analysis of fluoride
content of well water samples is also made. The fluoride
content was determined using the SPADNS method
outlined in the Standards Methods for the Examination of
Water and Wastewater.
P039 Iron, Lead and Nitrate Content of Bottled-Water
and Well-Water Samples
Brooke Weiss, Dawn Lohmann (Dr. Ana M. Q.
VandeLinde)
Analysis of eight bottled-water and four well-water
samples was performed to determine the levels of iron,
lead, and nitrate present in each sample. Why is it
necessary to test for these trace elements in drinking
water samples? There are various detrimental effects
associated with elevated levels of nitrate, lead and iron in
drinking water. Elevated levels of lead may cause delays
in physical or mental development in infants and children.
It has also been shown to cause kidney and high blood
pressure problems in adults. Excess levels of nitrate in
drinking water may cause shortness of breath and bluebaby syndrome. In addition, death can occur among
infants below the age of six months. High levels of iron
can cause aesthetic problems including brown or yellow
P041 The Maillard Reaction of the Meteoritic Amino
Acids
Milica Bajagic (Vera M. Kolb)
UW-Parkside, Chemistry and Biological Studies
The Maillard reaction is a chemical reaction between
amino acids and sugars, where the carbonyl group of the
sugar reacts with the amino group of the amino acid to
ultimately produce complex, polymeric products. The
42
Maillard reaction might play a very important role in the
chemistry of meteorites. In this study, ribose, a model for
sugars, is reacted with many meteoritic and common
amino acids at 65 degrees C, both in the solid state and in
the aqueous solution. The most remarkable observation
was that many meteoritic amino acids react much faster
with ribose than the common amino acids, both at room
temperature and at 65 degrees. Finals products of these
reaction are isolated and analyzed by IR and C-13 NMR
spectroscopy. The spectra are subsequently compared to
those of the organic material found on Murchison
meteorite.
membrane separates a receiver and sample solution. The
receiver solution is of higher ionic strength than the
sample and as a result of the ionic strength gradient;
sample ions migrate into the receiver solution.
Enrichment occurs because the receiver volume is
significantly smaller than the sample volume. Donnan
dialysis has demonstrated enrichment factors in excess of
100 within 15 minutes (1). Early reports focused on
developmental issues and were limited to clean standards,
but more recent efforts have targeted specific procedures,
lead in sweeteners (2) and the speciation of zinc,
cadmium, copper and lead in soil pore waters (3). This
report provides an overview of the Donnan dialysis
process and then addresses the application of Donnan
dialysis to the determination of mercury in water.
Sensitivity, detection limits and precision will be reported
for atomic fluorescence spectroscopy and flame atomic
absorption spectroscopy. As possible, results will address
limitations of the Donnan dialysis process and examine
the degree of matrix normalization possible when looking
at interferences to the given detection method.
P042 Bioengineering More Effective Antifungal Drugs
Heidi Gallica (Noelle J. Beyer)
UW-Oshkosh, Chemistry
Although the antifungal drug Amphotericin B (AmB)
effectively kills fungi, it also exhibits toxicity toward
humans. Its antifungal activity has been shown to involve
its sugar component. This project contributes to our longterm goal of using the natural glycosyltransferase (GT)
enzyme to attach alternate sugars to the drug core in
search of a less toxic drug. In this work, we investigated
heterologous expression of the GT. The polymerase
chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify the gene, which
was then inserted into an Escherichia coli-compatible
plasmid. The resulting plasmid was used to transform
standard E. coli BL21(DE3) to test enzyme production;
however, despite testing a variety of growth conditions
designed to enhance enzyme production, no
overproduction was observed. Closer scrutiny of the GT
gene sequence revealed a significant number of codons
rarely used by E. coli, which may have contributed to the
lack of enzyme production. Therefore, we are using a
Gram-positive bacterium more closely related to the
natural AmB-producing organism to express the enzyme.
We will present the results of our studies and discuss
future plans.
P044 Organic Silicates as Potential Biosignatures
Patrick Liesch, (Vera M. Kolb)
UW-Parkside, Chemistry and Biological Studies
Amino acids alone or their products of the reactions with
sugars (the Maillard products) can be preserved as
silicates by two mechanisms. In the first mechanism,
these biomaterials cause polymerization of silicic acid and
become entombed in the silicic acid polymer (silica gel).
In the second mechanism, the bio-molecules make
chemical bonds with the silicic acid, to create organic
silicates. We are investigating these two mechanisms by
the IR spectroscopy. In the first mechanism only Si-O-Si
bonds should be found, but in the second one also the SiO-C bonds. We are working on the band assignments via
the deuteration method. Our knowledge will be applicable
to the NASA's future missions to Mars, in which the
robotic IR could detect the organo-silicates. The
preservation of the organic materials as silicates would
lead to our better understanding of biosignatures in
general.
P043 Flow Injection Donnan Dialysis for the
Determination of Mercury in Water
Steven Kopitzke, Adam L. Barsamian
(Lori Allen)
UW-Parkside, Chemistry
Donnan dialysis is an analytical enrichment technique
used for the determination of cations and anions in
aqueous solution. In principle, an ion-exchange
43
P045 Aerosol-Phase Assisted Digestion for the
Analysis of Lead in Sweeteners
Joseph Topczewski (Lori Allen)
UW-Parkside, Chemistry
with diphenyl ditelluride and Vaska's complex
[IrCl(CO)(PPh3)2]. Details of the syntheses, products and
characterizations are presented together with an X-ray
structure of the Pd derivative.
Sucrose and other sweeteners are high-volume food
ingredients that are susceptible to environmental
contamination during production and manufacturing. The
analysis of these sweeteners for trace metal contamination
is important to avoid health risks to the public. The
typical analysis procedure involves either microwave or
hot-plate digestion followed by atomic spectrometric
analysis. These processes are bulky and time-consuming,
which hinders routine monitoring on a widespread basis.
In this work, the feasibility of using the sample
introduction system of a plasma atomic emission
spectrometer to digest the samples, essentially in the
aerosol-phase, is examined. This report provides
background information on trace metal contamination in
sweeteners and aerosol phase digestion, illustrates why
samples must be digested, and then examines the
influence of nitric acid, hydrogen peroxide and
temperature on the digestion process in both the presence
of air and argon. As part of this study, an independent
procedure based on liquid chromatography was used to
evaluate the degree of digestion. In addition, the analyte
transport efficiency was measured, as the goal is to reduce
sample preparation requirements without compromising
method detection limits.
P047 Synthesis and Characterization of
Benzoimidazole Based Heterocycles
Gregory Kokke, Rodney P. Feazell
(Martin D. Rudd)
UW-Fox Valley, Chemical Engineering
Benzoimidazole and its substituted derivatives have been
described in the literature as possible treatments for a
large range of medical conditions and diseases. Of
particular interest are their syntheses and the manner in
which the ring systems can be prepared. In this work, we
report the synthesis and characterization of two related
benzimidazoles from a Schiff base type synthesis: 2-(1HBenzoimidazol-2-yl)-phenol and 2-)2-methylsulfanylphenyl)-1H-benzoimidazole. We will present a
description of their one-pot syntheses and a mechanism of
their formation in addition to nuclear magnetic resonace
spectrososcopic studies. For both of the compounds a
single crystal X-ray diffraction experiment was performed
and we will discuss the structures including the solid state
packing.
P046 Synthesis of Alkyl-Thio Schiff Bases and Their
Reactions with Transition and Main Group Metals
Kasey Harroun (Martin D. Rudd)
UW-Fox Valley, Pre-Pharmacy
P048 Reactions of Dithioparbamates, Xanthates and
Dithiophosphates With Naphthyl Telluruim
Trichloride
Angela Van Straten, Kevin K. Klausmeyer
(Martin D. Rudd)
UW-Fox Valley, Medical Technology
Schiff bases are a well known class of organic ligands,
probably best recognized for their complexation with a
variety of transition metals. The pioneering work of
Jacobsen led to many applications in organic synthesis
(e.g. stereoselective epoxidation). In this research, we
have prepared a series of alkyl-thio Schiff bases through
an elimination reaction and we are investigating their
reactions with a variety of main group and transition
metal complexes. For instance, the reaction of 2
equivalents of 2-(methylthio)benzaldehyde with 1,2diaminoethane in toluene at room temperature yields a
white crystalline material that has been characterized by
multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis.
Other 1,2-diamino derivatives also yield related products.
Metal complexes have been obtained through reactions
We have been investigating the low coordination number
chemistry of tellurium (II) in our research laboratory.
Naphthyl tellurium trichloride can be readily prepared
from the direct reaction of naphthalene and tellurium
tetrachloride as a yellow / orange powder. In our
investigations, we have reacted solutions of
dithiocarbamate salts [X+ -S2C-NR2] (X = Na+, NH4+,
R = alkyl, aryl groups), xanathate salts [X S2C-OR] or
dithiophosphate salts [X S2C-PR2] with naphthyl
tellurium trichloride under a nitrogen atmosphere in
methanol. We observe a rapid color change and
precipitation of an ionic chloride salt which after work up
gives high yields of 3 coordinate tellurium (II)
compounds. Through multi-nuclear NMR spectroscopy,
elemental analysis and a single crystal X-ray structure, we
44
have been able to confirm the unique geometry and
bonding in the molecule [C10H7Te{S2CNC4H8}]. We
will present a description of the synthetic methods used
and the intermolecular interactions seen in the solid state.
chrysanthemums, which were plagued with unsightly
diseases, are important ornamental crops at Longwood
Gardens. The fall festival has its roots in the
chrysanthemum display. Longwood has made many rare
selections of cannas that are in jeopardy of being lost if a
cure is not found. A Cedrus germination experiment was
implemented in order to find the most efficient means of
germinating Cedrus seeds. Different propagation
methods were used to properly grow hundreds of new
plant selections from expeditions to China, Greece, and
Australia.
Field trips with the Longwood Graduate Fellows and
Graduate Director Dr. Robert Lyons to local gardens
complemented the research activities. The management
structure of each garden was studied and evaluated by the
participants.
This was a unique opportunity for an undergraduate from
a 4 year, teaching institution to gain insight to graduate
life and interact with the people at a research based
institution.
P050 Transmission Electron Microscopy of High
Aspect Ratio IC Interconnects
Benjamin Sykora (Dr. Kim Pierson)
UW-Eau Claire, Physics and Astronomy
Integrated circuit interconnects are the micrometer or
nanometer sized wires used to send electrical signals
between various components of an integrated circuit. The
continual demand for smaller and more powerful
electronic devices force engineers to place more and more
components on a smaller integrated circuit, thus limiting
the space available for interconnects. To accommodate
these spatial constraints, high aspect ratio interconnects
are used (aspect ratio = depth/width). A number of
techniques have been developed to aid in the successful
fabrication of interconnects, each having advantages and
disadvantages. Such techniques include collimation and
Ion Beam Assisted Deposition (IBAD). The materials
science center at UW Eau Claire is currently investigating
a simple and cost effective method of fabricating high
aspect ratio interconnects. Our method utilizes a physical
vapor deposition (PVD) system with Ion Beam Assisted
Deposition (IBAD). Tantalum or Titanium boundary
layers are also used to limit diffusion and reaction of
materials. Overall interconnect profile is demonstrated
with scanning electron microscopy. Higher resolution
images from transmission electron microscopy are used to
determine grain boundaries and to verify the thickness of
boundary layers. Diffraction patterns are used to
determine crystalline structure and composition of
materials.
P052 Re-evaluation of the Depositional Environment
of Devils Island Sandstone, Keweenawan Rift,
Northern Wisconsin
Lynn Galston (Karen Havholm)
UW-Eau Claire, Geology
The Proterozoic Devils Island Sandstone of Northern
Wisconsin is currently interpreted as a nearshore
lacustrine deposit formed in the Keweenawan rift. This
same interpretation had been given for the correlable
Hinckley Sandstone in eastern Minnesota until recent
study showed that the depositional environment more
closely represents a braided stream, dune, and interdune
setting. The purpose of this project is to determine
whether the Devils Island Sandstone also needs reinterpretation. Over the past year, exposures along Lake
Superior and the Brule and Siskiwit Rivers have been
measured and described. Three sandstone facies have
been identified: 1) trough cross strata, 2) low-angle,
tangential cross strata, and 3) planar rippled beds. These
are similar to the facies of the Hinckley Sandstone and
indicate eolian and fluvial environments. Limited
exposures of a fourth facies, not observed in the Hinckley
Sandstone, comprise centimeter to decimeter scale
sandstone beds interspersed with silty laminae that
display ripples and mud-cracks. This represents a
partially subaqueous environment not yet fully delineated.
Further examination of more extensive exposures on
Devils and Sand Islands in the Apostle Islands is needed
to develop a better understanding of these facies.
P051 A Research Internship at Longwood Gardens in
Kennett Square, Pennsylvania
Erin Regan (Dr. Terry Ferriss)
UW-River Falls, Plant and Earth Science
A research internship at Longwood Gardens in Kennett
Square, Pennsylvania was conducted during summer 2005
through a USDA Challenge Grant program.
A number of different research topics were worked on
over the course of the summer. Tissue culture work
specifically to develop virus free cannas and
chrysanthemums was a main priority. Both cannas and
45
history of north-central British Columbia, constraining the
timing and evolution of arc volcanism and mineralization.
Detailed field mapping, structural measurements,
petrography, geochemistry and U-Pb geochronology were
employed for regional stratigraphic correlation of
lithologic units at John Peaks and to interpret the
depositional environment, age, and volcanogenic
processes in the Iskut River area.
Results of the study provide insight into the evolution of
the Hazelton volcanic arc during Lower to Middle
Jurassic time. The strata at John Peaks provide evidence
for Triassic-Jurassic mountain building and for the
subsequent, bimodal magmatism in a Middle Jurassic
trans-tensional back-arc basin which extends for more
than 200 km N-S in the region. Middle Jurassic rocks in
the sequence are potential correlatives to world-class
volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits at the Eskay Creek
Au-Ag Mine, 20 km to the northwest of John Peaks.
P053 Geologic Evolution of the Whitesail Lake Map
Area: Structure, Geochemistry, and Geochronology
Adam Kjos, Suzanne Reed
(J. Brian Mahoney, Lori D. Snyder)
The southwestern Whitesail Lake map area (NTS 093E)
straddles the boundary between the Jura-Cretaceous
Stikinia Terrane and the Jurassic to Tertiary Coast
Plutonic Complex. Comprehensive assessment of the
local and regional geologic setting is facilitated by
detailed field mapping (1:50,000), petrography,
geochemistry and U-Pb geochronology.
The widespread Lower to Middle Jurassic Hazelton
Group, deposited in an offshore arc, is a bi-modal
volcanosedimentary package with associated coeval flows
and intrusions, including the Trapper Pluton and
Chatsquat layered mafic intrusion. The Stick Pass,
Tenaiko Suite and associated plutons mark a Late Jurassic
magmatic pulse, approximately coeval with accretion of
the arc.
There were major changes in the regional stress field
during Late Cretaceous to Paleocene time, initially
manifested by pronounced uplift and unroofing of Late
Jurassic plutons. Development of this contractional
environment created Cretaceous(?) northwest/southeast
trending fold thrust systems that cross-cut Jurassic rocks.
Paleocene(?) development of a transtensional stress
regime, possibly overlapping contraction, produced northnorthwest/south-southeast trending shear zones. The
Central Gneiss Detachment, a large-scale low-angle
normal fault, exposed high-grade, deep-seated
metamorphic rocks. The Detachment is cut by
Paleocene(?) epidote-bearing intrusive rocks, indicating a
major unroofing event, probably related to orogenic
collapse. Voluminous undeformed Eocene plutons crosscut all major structures.
P055 Depositional Analysis of the Mississippian
Loyalhanna Formation in Southwestern Pennsylvania.
Gillian Krezoski (Karen Havholm)
UW-Eau Claire, History and Geology
Sedimentologic characteristics of a 15-meter thick section
of the Mississippian (Chesterian) Loyalhanna Member of
the Mauch Chunk Formation, a mixed carbonatesiliciclastic unit, were examined in the Keystone Quarry
near Springs, Pennsylvania. Outcrop studies have
revealed four facies: (1) a medium- grained to silt
sandstone with alternating packages of mm-scale lowangle laminations (some of which coarsen upwards) and
cm-scale high-angle cross-strata that downlap onto the
low-angle laminations, (2) a medium-grained sand to silt
sandstone with mm-scale discontinuous laminations, (3) a
basal coarse-grained sandstone with granules that fines
upward to a coarse-grained sand to silty sandstone, and
(4) a 30-50 cm thick poorly sorted coarse-grained
sandstone to siltstone with 0.5-1 cm thick micrite-rich
laminae and nodules with carbonate cement. Petrographic
studies indicate decreasing siliciclastic content from
fluvial to eolian to sabhka facies. Interpretations of these
units indicate the Loyalhanna Member was deposited in a
semi-arid to arid climate in, respectively, eolian dune,
sabkha and fluvial (wadi) sedimentary environments and
a paleosol with calcrete (Bk horizon).
P054 Stratigraphy of John Peaks, Iskut River Area,
Northwestern British Columbia: Illuminating the
Geologic History and Mineral Potential
Adam Kjos, Suzanne Reed
(J. Brian Mahoney, Lori D. Snyder)
Lower and Middle Jurassic volcanic strata are widespread
in the Iskut River area (NTS 104B/9) and are known to
host a variety of base and precious metal deposits.
Sedimentary and volcanic strata at John Peaks represent a
relatively intact section that illuminates the geologic
46
Detailed mapping and spatial analysis of geochemical and
geochronological data within the Devils Fence
anticlinorium, a major, doubly-plunging fold within the
hanging wall of the Lombard thrust plate of the Helena
salient, will constrain the genetic relationship between
Late Cretaceous contractional deformation and magma
emplacement.
The deformed sedimentary strata are intruded by a
compositionally diverse suite of stocks, dikes, and sills,
presumably related to the Cretaceous Boulder Batholith.
New geochronologic constraints on magmatism are
provided by U/Pb ages from the Doherty Mtn (75.4±0.8
Ma) and Sagebrush Park (78.7±0.4 Ma) stocks as well as
the basal member of the Elkhorn Mountain volcanic
package (78.6±0.7 Ma). Preliminary geochemical
analyses genetically link the Elkhorn Mountain volcanics,
the Boulder Batholith, and associated satellite intrusives
to a common calc-alkaline source.
P056 Environmental Conditions During Recovery
from the End-Permian Extinction: Comparative
Analysis of Carbon Isotopes Data from China, Japan,
and Turkey
Mitchell Nothem, Rachelle Kernen (Dr. Dan Lehrman)
UW-Oshkosh, Geology
The greatest mass extinction in Earth history took place at
the end of the Permian period. One area of research that
has received relatively little attention is the environment
conditions that occured in the aftermath of the extinction
and during the period of biologic diversification that
repopulated the earth after the devastation. Recent data
from China shows that 5 million years elapsed before
significant biotic rediversification began with large
carbon isotope excusions in the carbonate sediments
interpreted to reflect repeated evironmental agitation that
prevented the rediversification of life. The goal of this
research project was to gather data from Permian/Triassic
carbonate rock units from Turkey and Japan, and compare
the data to the data collected from China. The rock units
that were found in Japan and Turkey had strong
correlations between them including calcimicrobial
framestones. The results of the carbon isotope tests done
on these two sections showed four excurtions that
correlated between Turkey, Japan and the data set from
China, with these fluctuations occurring in the
calcmicrobial framestones. These results are interpreted
to show global marine conditions, with the carbon isotope
fluctuations causing the setback in the rediversification of
marine life on the planet.
P058 The Pinellas County Project
Virginia Elandt, Heather Lind, Nicole Daubert, Brint
Schwerbel
(Dr. James Brey, Ms. Kristin Runge)
UW-Fox Valley, Geology
This poster illustrates an interdisciplinary project-based
science activity where we were asked to reconstruct
Pinellas County, Florida after its theoretical destruction
from a class five hurricane. The purpose was to integrate
concepts learned from Environmental Geology and Public
Speaking to solve a real world problem. The harsh reality
of hurricanes Katrina and Rita, along with flexible
guidelines, left the project open to personal interpretation
and sparked creative thinking. Competent use of GIS to
create maps, sophisticated knowledge of soil surveys,
efficient energy use, knowledge of land planning, hazard
mitigation, and environmental aspects were key elements
of the project. Skills gained through public speaking
include learning how to communicate in a clear and
concise format. Concepts obtained in the Learning
Community "Learning and Speaking About the
Environment" were reinforced and retention was higher
due to the project. Through this problem-based learning
activity we were able to learn the importance of geology,
environmental science, group cooperation and public
presentation skills while learning about possible careers.
We learned how to effectively work within a team to
achieve consensus about how to rebuild a community in a
safer and more environmentally way when faced with a
natural disaster.
P057 Structural-magmatic Evolution of the Helena
Salient
Christopher Kohel, Joseph M. Nawikas, Catherine I.
Macluarin, Adam R. Kjos, John M. Stoltz (J. Brian
Mahoney, Phillip Ihinger)
The Disturbed Belt of western Montana contains a series
of east-vergent Late Cretaceous folds and thrust faults
imbricating Precambrian strata of the Belt Supergroup
with Paleozoic miogeoclinal strata and Mesozoic
sedimentary rocks of the Rocky Mountain foreland.
Deposition of the Elkhorn Mountain volcanics and
emplacement of the coeval Boulder Batholith and
associated satellite plutons were roughly synchronous
with structural deformation, however, the genetic
relationship between these during the Late Cretaceous is a
matter of debate.
47
geophysical technique, was extensively used to
investigate the subsurface stratigraphy of the landforms in
the study area. Three separate GPR lines were collected
and a 100 MHz pulseEKKO 100 GPR system was used
for data collection. The profiles were processed, plotted,
and preliminary interpretations show buried channels,
coastal deposits, aeolian bedding, and glacial outwash.
While the modern Tahquamenon River basin may be the
product of an unusual array of events, investigation of its
history can demonstrate an interaction of geomorphic
processes that may be mirrored elsewhere along the
Upper Great Lakes.
P059 Evidence of an Extreme Paleoflood in Honokoa
Gulch, Hawaii
Mike Molnar, Susan R. Johnson, Theresa M. Lenon
(Doug Faulkner)
UW-Eau Claire, Physical Geography
Honokoa Gulch is a canyon carved by the ephemeral
Keawewai in the northwest corner of the Big Island of
Hawaii. Located on the arid leeward side of the volcano
and characterized by a relatively deep, narrow crosssectional form, the gulch provides an ideal setting for
reconstructing the magnitudes of paleofloods from
slackwater deposits. Approximately 1 km upstream from
the mouth of the stream, we found numerous deposits of
clastic sediment in alcoves in the gulch's basaltic walls at
elevations around 12 meters above the channel bed that
we interpreted as flood deposits. We also found a small
stick wedged into one of the alcoves, around which
several stems of desiccated grass appeared to have been
bent by flowing water. Using a total station, we surveyed
the valley cross-section at these deposits. We then used
the Manning equation to calculate the peak discharge of
the flood responsible for their emplacement. Based on our
calculations, the magnitude of the flood was truly
catastrophic: >120,000 cms from a drainage area of only
23.5 square kilometers. This exceeds the largest flood
ever recorded in Hawaii by more than 40%. Such extreme
floods are undoubtedly very rare, but their occurrence
should nonetheless be considered possible.
P061 Electric Power Generation and Reduction of
Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Antithetical Paradigms of
France and Germany
Neil Trombly (Doug Faulkner)
UW-Eau Claire, Geography
France and Germany are primary and commensurate
influences within the 20-nation European electric power
grid but follow antithetical strategies for energy
independence and avoidance of greenhouse gasses from
electric power generation. Whereas France is the world’s
most nuclear-powered nation and is committed to
developing new classes of nuclear generating plants, both
fission and fusion, Germany, although heavily dependent
on nuclear-electric capacity, is committed to elimination
of its nuclear park by 2020. Further, whereas Germany
has sacrificed rural vistas and ridges to make windfarm
electricity a primary national energy resource, France,
despite considerable potential, has little windfarm
generation and there is evidence of growing opposition to
onshore windfarm development due to eyesore burden as
already demonstrated within Germany. Windfarm
opponents point out their visual clash as a backdrop to
ancient rural villages, nuclear opponents point out their
unsightliness along once-natural shores and long term
waste problems. Critically current common ground
between these competing technologies is that neither
produces global warming greenhouse gasses. This study
looks at physical and cultural factors underpinning this
pronounced divide between immediate neighbors and is
based, in part, upon direct observations, photography and
interviews made by the author while in Europe during
November, 2005.
P060 Ground Penetrating Radar Investigations of the
Tahquamenon River Basin, Michigan: Preliminary
Results
Mike Molnar, Susan R. Johnson, Theresa M. Lenon
(Harry Jol)
UW-Eau Claire, Physical Geography
The Tahquamenon River is fed by a large watershed and
courses east and north through eastern Upper Michigan to
Lake Superior. The Tahquamenon displays several
anomalous characteristics: 1) from source to mouth (110
km), the river drops less than 20 meters; 2) south of Betsy
Lake, the northward trending drainage is diverted 90
degrees to the east, leaves its entrenched valley and cuts
through higher topography. Taken together, these
characteristics beg questions with regard to the River’s
history: 1) how did deglaciation and former stands of
Lake Algonquin influence local topography; 2) how did
the destruction of Lake Minong influence drainage of the
proto-Tahquamenon. Ground penetrating radar (GPR), a
48
sustainability practices and their possible benefits, if put
into action, is included.
P062 Latinos in St. Paul, MN: 1980 - 2000
Serena Davis (Dr. Timothy Bawden)
Evidence of an Extreme Paleoflood in Honokoa Gulch,
Hawaii
Sarah Knabel, Casey M. Farrell Mike Molnar (Douglas
Faulkner)
In recent decades, the population of the Hispanic
community has increased rapidly in Minnesota, a mirror
of the United States overall. Newspaper and other media
coverage of this phenomenon fail to explain why this
growth is happening. In general, our research examines
the migration of Latinos to St. Paul, Minnesota between
1980 and 2000. In particular, this poster will illustrate the
patterns of the Latino population and its growth during
this period in St. Paul and where they are migrating from.
In addition, it provides some statistical and graphic
background of this growing community. Finally,
summaries of interviews obtained from residents and
business owners lend further descriptions of the Latino
community and culture in this Upper Midwest city.
The Honokoa Gulch is a deeply incised V-shaped valley
and is located on the arid southern flank of Kohala
Volcano. The perennial Keawewai Stream begins in the
upper moist climate of Kohala and flows down into the
lower arid region. The Honokoa Gulch has been
entrenched into basalts about 460,000 years old in the
lower region of the Keawewai Stream, creating an ideal
place to reconstruct paleofloods.
The purpose of our research included: (1) find paleoflood
deposits; (2) calculate the peak streamflow needed for a
flood to reach the identified flood deposit sites; and (3)
compare our discharge data with other recorded floods
throughout history. Field observations such as imbricated
boulders and fine-grained flood deposits, led us to believe
that massive floods have occurred. Using a total station
we surveyed a gulch cross-section 427 m from the valley
mouth and recorded the heights of fine-grained flood
deposits. We then used the Manning equation to calculate
discharges capable of depositing the flood debris at our
measured high water mark, about 12 m from the channel
bottom. The resulting discharge, > 3,400 cms, is 40%
larger than the highest recorded flood on the island, which
demonstrates its catastrophic nature.
P063 Integration of CAD and GIS: Modeled Changes
in Pervious/Impervious Surfaces and the Affects on
Surface Runoff at the University of Wisconsin-Eau
Claire
Sarah Knabel (Doug Faulkner)
The integration of CAD software and geographical/spatial
software is a growing geographic field. The combination
of software products addresses the shortfalls while aiding
in the examination of the built environment and its
interaction with the natural environment. CAD software
strengths lie in their ability to model the built
environment and GIS software strengths lie in their ability
to display, categorize and analyze objects in models. The
combination of these products allow for analysis of
space/land use over a time continuum, including past,
present and future. The University of Wisconsin-Eau
Claire’s campus development is the focus of the research
project. Space was divided into pervious and impervious
categories. The change between pervious and impervious
surfaces since the university’s creation in 1916 to the
present was collected, tabulated, and modeled. Also,
modeled and analyzed are the changes proposed under the
campus development plan. The results include a
discussion of possible effects on water volume based on
analysis using the SCS-CN method and water quality
based on the requirements created by the Stormwater
Discharge Monitoring Program recently signed with the
City of Eau Claire. Also, a brief discussion of
P065 Galway, Ireland and La Crosse, Wisconsin: A
Comparative Study Through Visual Sociology
Stefanie Benesh, Katie Applewhite
(Carol D. Miller)
UW-La Crosse, Sociology
This comparative study of environmental messages
examines two cities that are similar in demographics and
rely on environmentally-based tourism. This research
was completed through an in-depth investigation of
image-based research of sociological artifacts. The
methodology employed was visual sociological through
analyzing photographs of approximately 200 images of
public media and general environmental observations.
The differences between federal environmental policies in
Ireland and regional policies in La Crosse are
49
their client caseload. The article explains obstetricians'
focus on the "gradient argument" maintaining, "those who
have jurisdiction over the margins of a professional
territory should have the jurisdiction over the center" (Dr.
Costello 2005). In this case the margin was considered
the birth of various atypical babies studied using the
discourse of teratology and the center authority of
professional childbirth as a whole. An in-depth look into
235 teratological articles published in the Journal of
Obstetrics' and Gynecology if the British Empire during
the early 20th century, suggests that though obstetricians
gained professional status, it was to the detriment of
babies born with disabilities. The article explores these
negative implications on a grander scope.
incorporated. Although cultural attitudes and beliefs
between the two locations differed, the environmental
values expressed in the public messages did not translate
into action. We found that there was more conflict
between messages and action within both locations than
between one another.
P066 Gendered Words and Their Contemporary
Usage
Tammy Hopke (Dr. Renee Gralewicz)
UW-Barron County, Arts and Sciences
When looking at how we describe gender, there seems to
be certain words in our language that are directed towards
either males or females. These words are a part of the
stereotype that has been historically used. Gender
stereotyping is still happening in today’s society.
Stereotypes can be traced through the words chosen to
describe each gender.
Stereotyping can be defined as fixed, preconceived beliefs
and expectations about a particular group. There is no
regard as to whether these labels are true. Stereotypes can
become ingrained in the way in which society thinks and
be harmless but can become dangerous when they are
used to justify discrimination of the targeted group.
Stereotypes are also often internalized by the group or
person affecting their own self-concept. This type of
discrimination is used to place people into “us” and
“them” categories. This helps to maintain the status quo
and ensure that those who are higher up on the social
hierarchy ladder maintain their standing.
A total of 200 people (100 males, 100 females) were
asked to respond to a survey containing 66 words that
have typically been used to describe males or females.
The results reveal the gender stereotyping that is still
occurring in today’s contemporary society. The
respondents still hold the stereotypical thoughts about
gender.
P068 Parental Attachment and the Relationship it has
in School Success for Hmong Students
Fathy Vang
(W. Lawrence Neuman, Dr. Richard C. McGregory Jr.)
UW-Whitewater, Sociology
Parental attachment and the relationship it has on a child’s
school performance are well documented. The purpose of
this study is to examine if strong parental attachment has
a relationship with the child or children in school
performance and are less likely to participate in
delinquent activities. The targeted sample is first
generation Hmong adults who are attending college.
Paper survey will be used. Students of the sample group
were interviewed personally. The possible significant
result of this research is to find if a strong relationship
between a parent and child will make the child succeed in
school. The results could be used to inform parents on the
important of being involved in a child’s life especially
among teenagers. The conclusion is a strong attachment
between parent and children has a direct effect on a
child’s academic performance, as well as social life. The
impact of the results on a larger issue is that it can be used
to help new immigrants arriving in this country of how to
deal with their children who will be exposed to the
mainstream society.
P067 Teratology: "Monsters" and the
Professionalization of Obstetrics
Matthew Bantz
(Dr. Carrie Yang Costello, Nigel Rothfels)
UW-Milwaukee, Sociology
Teratology:" Monsters" and the Professionalization of
Obstetrics, an article by Dr. Carrie Yang Costello, closely
examines the attempts of obstetricians to gain a
professional status displacing midwives and enlarging
50
deserves continued investigation. Future analyses of the
data will attempt to provide support that the emotional
and social strain caused by cyberbullying help perpetuate
the phenomena in cyberspace and potentially increase
levels of delinquency in traditional situations, away from
the computer.
P069 Civic Engagement -18 to 24 Year Olds: Have
They Given Up, or Have We Given Up on Them?
Melanie Schroeder (Theresa Johnson)
UW-Green Bay, Political Science
A perception exists in America that today’s 18 to 24 year
olds, also know as Generation Y, are not politically
active, but is this true? If we define political participation
as only voting, one would have to say that today’s
younger generation is not politically active. However,
there are other factors which we need to consider when it
comes to political participation. Generation Y may have
redefined what it means to participate politically. In this
project I explore American political participation
overtime, socialization that could have an impact on
Generation Y’s behavior and beliefs, community service
involvement, disadvantages that this generation faces, and
the role education has when it comes to political and
community involvement. Each generation has different
experiences that shape their views and ideology. Because
of these differences we have to consider the civic
engagement of Generation Y in order to appropriately
define them as politically active or not. It appears that
Generation Y may have redefined political participation,
so we should not give up on them.
P071 Forensic Investigation Training in Honduras
Paula Hachtel, Angela Cartwright, Matthew Giffin, Kyle
Gibson (Aric Dutelle)
UW-Platteville, Criminal Justice
In February 2006, four students from the University of
Wisconsin-Platteville, along with Professor Aric Dutelle,
traveled to Roatan, Honduras to hold forensic
investigation training for their local and national police
officers. Approximately 50 Honduran law enforcement
personnel registered for training in topics such as:
securing a crime scene; locating, preserving, collecting,
and packaging evidence; death investigation; and basic
fingerprinting techniques. The students set up mock
crime scenes for the Honduran students to test what they
learned in the classroom. Platteville students had the
opportunity to visit the morgue, where they helped
Professor Dutelle provide basic death investigation
training for their personnel. The national police force also
asked Professor Dutelle and his students to look at an
open homicide case and attempt to offer insight to aide in
the investigation. This training gave the Platteville
students a rare opportunity to view how the Honduran
government operates, while at the same time, offering
their own knowledge of forensic investigation. The group
donated over $700 worth of crime scene equipment that
they used to train the personnel and then left for the
Honduran government to use in their crime scene
investigation efforts.
P070 Cyberbullying: A Qualitative Study of Social and
Emotional Responses.
Adam Hinz (Dr. Justin W. Patchin)
UW-Eau Claire, Criminal Justice
Traditional bullying, both physical and social/emotional,
has captured the recent attention of sociological and
educational researchers. Increased levels of adolescent
sadness, anxiety and anger are agreed upon results of this
phenomenon. In addition to occurring in traditional
interactions, social and emotional bullying frequently
occurs in the realm of digital communications. This
digital form of harassment is broadly defined as
cyberbullying. Current research of Internet-using
adolescents provides evidence that social and emotional
harassment – transmitted via popular digital
communication – affects the well being of many
adolescents. Even though occurring in a digital
environment, the open-ended statements of cyberbullying
victims demonstrate that emotional and social
repercussions feel very real. This analysis categorizes free
responses into emotions reported by victims of
cyberbullying in order to support our belief that
cyberbullying is a new form of digitalized bullying that
P072 How Social Service Providers Impact Juveniles
in the Criminal Justice System
Ashley Castro
(Charles Zastrow, Dr. Richard C. McGregory Jr.)
UW-Whitewater, Social Work
Social workers can play an important role in the
prevention of youth criminal behavior. It is hypothesized
that social service providers can employ effective
strategies to prevent criminal activity and recidivism in
youth. This study examines how the social service
delivery system impacts youth who have already
51
committed a crime or may become involved with criminal
behavior. It attempts to analyze the various strategies that
social workers utilize. Finally, this study analyzes how the
social services provided enable clients to improve their
lives. The first part of this study focuses on the various
empowerment strategies used by social service providers,
while the second part examines how these strategies
impact the client. The study utilizes multiple methods.
First, a comprehensive review of the research literature
was conducted in the summer and fall of 2005. Second,
surveys and personal interviews of social service
providers in southern Wisconsin will be completed
between October 2005 and February 2006. Preliminary
results suggest social service agencies and criminal justice
professionals employ a variety of successful strategies to
assist youth in not becoming involved with (or not
continuing) criminal behavior. Further analysis and
future research will likely be needed to answer whether
the employment of a common set of strategies can be
applied across varied situations.
P074 Rule Governed Behavior
Alex Czarnecki
(Jonathan Kanter)
UW-Milwaukee, Psychology
The study of rule governed behavior can be defined as the
study of instructions, rules, and contingency schedules on
behavioral outcomes. Past research has indicated that
instructions given by a perceived authority figure or a set
of rules for a task will affect performance on that task
even if performance is aversely affected (Hayes et al.,
1986). A study by Shimoff, et al. (1981) has even shown
that participants will continue to follow instructions, even
when the contingencies of the experiment are having a
negative on the participants themselves. The purpose of
this study is to find out whether there is a link between a
person’s level of depression and their willingness to
follow rules excessively on a task regardless of its
negative effects. The participants will be given a
computer task in which they must select the correct
answer based on a concept given to them at the beginning
of the study. Midway through the computer task, the
contingencies of the task will change the participant’s
response level in regard to the instructions will be
measured. The results of this study have implications for
the diagnosis, treatment, and our overall understanding of
clinical depression. If a causal relationship can be made
between operant conditioning or rule-following and
depression the approach to treating and understanding the
causes of depression may be changed.
P073 Factor Analysis of Orthographic Tasks of
Reading
Christina Strycker, Quintino R. Mano III
(David C. Osmon)
UW-Milwaukee, Psychology
The double deficit hypothesis of dyslexia suggests that
both phonologic and orthographic processes are important
in reading disorders. However, few orthographic
measures are available clinically. Therefore, 142
undergraduate students completed a series of
experimental orthographic tasks in order to evaluate the
factor structure of orthography. Results of a principal
component factor analysis revealed four factors with
eigenvalues greater than 1.0. Those factors were labeled
Processing Speed, Early Perceptual, Lexico-semantic, and
Morphological Awareness and appeared consistent with
extant literature about orthographic processing in reading.
These factors suggest different components that might
enhance the clinical assessment of reading disorders and
further studies should evaluate the viability of the
experimental tasks for clinical use.
P075 Academic Thriving: The Coping Skills of
Students Who Live Amidst Domestic Violence
Carol Ann Olson
(P.B. Poorman, Dr. Richard C. McGregory Jr.)
UW-Whitewater, Early Childhood Education
Previous research has shown that child abuse and neglect
represents a significant risk factor for poor academic
performance, grade repetition, and discipline problems
(Eckenrode, Laird & Doris 1993) , and have identified
being born with an outgoing disposition and ability to
engage several sources of support for themselves as two
primary factors that help children be invulnerable to life
compromising risk factors (Warner & Smith 1992). This
study addresses the issue of academic coping skills that
are utilized by adolescents who live amidst domestic
violence. This investigation compares the coping skills of
academically successful adolescents who live among
domestic violence to their counterparts who are not
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academically successful. A survey will be distributed to
school psychologists who will be asked to make
correlations between academic success and particular
coping skills. I expect to find that establishing mentor
relationships with individuals not involved in the
domestic abuse will be identified as a factor that
correlates with resiliency in children who live among
domestic violence. Correlations that lead to identification
of successful coping skills may allow educators and
policy makers to create social skills curricula that could
be taught to children who are unsuccessful academically.
These types of curricula could be the subjects of training
modules for professionals in urban, rural, and suburban
school districts as part of our nation’s effort to enhance
student achievement in a more efficient and cost effective
manner.
P077 The Effects of Social Facilitation and Reward
Contingency on Reaction Time
Amy Kessler, Theresa Hoffman, Amber Carter, Alicia
Pechman (Mrs. Tammy Kadah-Ammeter)
UW-Oshkosh, Psychology
The effect of reward and competition on reaction time
was examined using a computerized task with 3
conditions: (a) alone, (b) mere presence, (c) competition
with reward, among 14 male and female undergraduate
participants. A mood thermometer addressed possible
anxiety levels due to experimental conditions and a
survey was administered to determine task difficulty.
Results found significance, p< .05, using a one-way
repeated measure factorial analysis of variance. Reaction
time in the alone condition increased compared to mere
presence and competition conditions. Scheffe
comparisons were conducted and significance, p<.05 was
found between the mere presence condition and alone
condition as well as the competitive condition and alone
condition. However, there was no significance, p>.05
found between the competitive condition and the mere
presence condition. Further research could examine if
gender differences relate to performance in the alone,
mere presence, and competition with reward condition.
P076 You Didn't Tell Me You Were Already Seeing
Someone! Deception in Young Adult Opposite-Sex
Friendship
Lindsay Matteson, Brittany I. Gragg, Corey S. Stocco,
Mark W. Remiker (April Bleske-Rechek)
UW-Eau Claire, Psychology
An evolutionary perspective on close relationships
suggests that young adults’ perceptions of opposite-sex
friendship may be influenced by their evolved mating
desires. Indeed, past research suggests that opposite-sex
friends often experience romantic or sexual attraction
toward one another. Frequently, however, friends deceive
each other about these feelings, despite that they rate
having someone to confide in as a top benefit of oppositesex friendship. The current studies test the hypothesis that
deception about mating is not only the most frequently
experienced form of deception in young adult oppositesex friendship, but also the most upsetting. In Study 1,
130 men and women reported an instance in which they
had deceived an opposite-sex friend and an instance in
which they had been deceived by an opposite-sex friend.
A majority of nominations involved romance and mating.
In Study 2, 89 pairs of opposite-sex friends completed a
questionnaire exploring upset in response to hypothetical
deceptions in their friendship. Hypothetical deception
about the other’s current relationship status (e.g., already
being involved in a romantic relationship) induced
substantial upset; and it co-varied with one’s own current
relationship involvement and sexual attraction to friends.
Our findings have implications for understanding basic
sources of conflict between opposite-sex friends.
P078 Altruism and Gender in Contemporary Culture
Jacob Karras (Herbert L. Colston, Ph.D.)
UW-Parkside, Psychology
A study concerning altruistic behavior of undergraduate
students was conducted. Participants comprised 108 male
and female college students. One male confederate
systematically dropped a notebook containing loose
papers directly in front of groups of students exiting a
classroom. Fifty subjects were exposed to this
manipulation, 27 females and 23 males. Alternately, 58
subjects were exposed to a female confederate dropping
the notebook. Twenty-two females and 36 males were
exposed to this situation. A cohort was positioned within
visible distance concealing their recording actions.
Altruistic behavior was determined as being participants
who assisted the confederate in collecting his/her dropped
papers. Findings revealed significant main effects of both
victim and participant gender, with the least
responsiveness being with males responding to males.
This study gives credence to a possible gender bias
concerning altruistic behavior among undergraduate
students in a contemporary environment. Possible
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initial data from 110 young men and women who were
involved in a heterosexual romantic relationship.
Participants reported on sexual activities within their
relationship, perceptions of self and partner desirability,
commitment to relationship and love for partner, and
various other personal and relationship attributes. In this
study we document rates of young couples’ engagement
in intimate sexual behaviors (i.e., vaginal, oral, and anal
sex) and compare these to national prevalence rates (as
available). Further, we identify a number of personal and
relationship variables that predict engagement in sexually
intimate behaviors, including perceived desirability of
partner relative to self, commitment to partner,
satisfaction with partner, length of relationship, personal
sexual history, and religiosity.
explanations of this behavior will be investigated by
further laboratory experiments.
P079 Children's Performance in a Short Term Spatial
Memory Task with Visual Distractors
Laura Felten, Tina Cummins, Love Pirova (Kathleen
Stetter)
UW-Oshkosh, Psychology
The study investigated 25 4-year-olds and 17 6-year-olds
in a spatial short term memory task with 2 types of
distractors, color and animation. All the participants were
from the local daycares and a few Sunday schools. The
participants were required to point at a cued picture in a 2
X 3 matrix, on the PowerPoint that was displayed on a
laptop computer. This technique was used to measure the
effects of distractors. The children performed
significantly better with black and white distractors,
inanimate black and white distractors, and 6-year-olds
performed significantly better with black and white
distractors. The 4-year-olds performed better with color
distractors and the 6-year-olds performed better with
black and white distractors. These findings could be due
to color being more distracting, the visual field, or
habituation. This experiment was important because it
helps adults to become more aware of how distractors
might affect children's performance in daily life. Just like
pop-ups distract adults, they too can distract children. The
underlying concern is how much children can be impacted
by distractions because distractions are a regular
occurrence in daily life.
P081 Effects of Parental Use of Methamphetamine on
Children
Jade Downey (Dr. Susan Wolfgram)
Methamphetamine use is fast becoming an epidemic in
this country and particularly in the midwest and rural
areas. This study seeks to find the effects of parental use
on children in an effort to increase awareness and
promote early intervention and prevention. Fifteen
alcohol and other drug abuse (AODA) counselors were
surveyed at facilities providing AODA services in the
Chippewa Valley. Data will be collected in April and
statistically analyzed using frequencies and mean
comparisons. Implications for practitioners and for future
research will be provided and results disseminated.
P080 Personal and Relationship Predictors of Intimate
Sexual Activity: Vaginal, Oral, and Anal Sex among
Young College Couples
Kelli Capocasa, Kristina L. Chase
(April Bleske-Rechek)
UW-Eau Claire, Psychology
P083 Single Working Low-Income Mothers and the
Lack of Sufficient Government Entitlement Programs
Elizabeth Steffen, Katryn Schenck
During mid- to late-adolescence, the majority of
American young adults engage in sexual intercourse for
the first time, and substantial research has been devoted to
identifying predictors of sexual initiation. Far less
research, however, has been aimed at identifying the
individual and relationship predictors surrounding young
adults’ engagement in explicit sexual activities, such as
oral and anal sex, within the context of a dating
relationship. As part of a larger longitudinal investigation
of young college couples’ sexual behavior, we collected
Welfare and entitlement programs continue to be cut at
the federal and state levels. Many low-income single
mothers are struggling to support their families in
minimum wage jobs with little outside support. This study
seeks to explore the attitudes of 15 low-income single
mothers connected with the Women, Infants, and
Children (WIC) program in Minnesota by surveying them
regarding the stressors of raising children and supporting
their families with inadequate income. Data will be
collected in April and statistically analyzed using
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and are in need of early intervention and prevention
programs.
frequencies and mean comparisons. Implications for
practitioners and for future research will be discussed.
Dissemination of findings is planned to local and state
policy-makers.
P086 Equal Access to Healthcare among Hmong and
Caucasian Students Attitudes on the UW-Stout
Campus
Avie Xiong, Geena Wallace
P084 Parents Perspectives on how Divorce has
Affected their Children?
Amber Traynor, Ann Rust
In the United States there is a disparity in access to
healthcare between ethnic minority populations compared
to the majority population. This study seeks to explore
this problem by surveying 8-10 Hmong students and 8-10
Caucasian students on the UW-Stout college campus.
Data will be collected in March and findings statistically
analyzed using frequencies, mean comparisons, and crosstabulations. Implications for practioners and
policymakers as well as future steps of research will be
discussed and findings will be disseminated.
Divorce continues in the United States at a 50 plus
percent level. Much has been written about the effects of
divorce on adults, but there is less in the literature about
children growing up in divorced homes and from their
perspective, how the effects of the divorce impacted their
lives. This study will seek to explore that question by
surveying 25 male and female adults, ages 30-45 years
old in the Chippewa Valley who are divorced and have
children. Data will be collected in April and analyzed
using frequencies and mean comparisons. Implications for
practitioners and for future research will be provided and
findings disseminated.
P087 Cohabitation: UW Students Perspectives
Deborah Paulson, Ashley L. Schiller
P085 Males and Eating Disorders: A Study of College
Male Attitudes
Joy VanDeLoo, Christina A. Strommer
Since the 1960’s, cohabitation has steadily been on the
rise and is an emerging family form moving away from
traditional marriage. This study will seek to explore the
level of relationship satisfaction in surveying a sample of
four cohabitating heterosexual couples and sample of four
heterosexual couples who are not living together. Data
will be collected in March and will be statistically
analyzed using frequencies, mean comparisons, and crosstabulations. Implications for practitioners and future steps
of research will be discussed and findings disseminated.
Eating disorders are a prevalent and serious health
problem in the United States and generally associated
with young women. People are less aware of eating
disorders among men, thus, there are fewer eating
disorder prevention programs for men. Findings in
literature confirm that males and females equally suffer
from eating disorders and there is no difference in degree
of severity (Bromon-Bosch, Troop, & Treasure, 2000).
This study investigated UW-Stout student male attitudes
regarding awareness and knowledge of eating disorders in
men by surveying 25 males across the campus. It was
hypothesized that college males would have little
awareness of eating disorders in general and less about
males and eating disorders. Survey data will be gathered
in April and statistically analyzed using frequencies and
mean comparisons. We plan to disseminate our results to
the Counseling Center on campus to increase awareness
that males suffer from eating disorders as well as females
P088 Obstacles to Adequate Prenatal Care Among
African American Adolescents: The Perspectives of
Health Professionals
Maria Fanning
(Dr. Mary K. Madsen, Doug Harder)
UW-Milwaukee, Health Care Administration
In Milwaukee, during 2003, there were 11,059 births. Of
these births, 125 of the babies died within their first year
of life. Only 20 of those infants were white, while 78
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disproportionately affects adolescents and young adults,
and additional research is needed to determine more costeffective ways to prevent the disease in these populations.
were African American. This means that African
American babies were 2.7 times more likely to die in their
first year of life than White infants (COMHD, 2005). In
light of these statistics, the purpose of this study was to
identify barriers to adequate prenatal care for African
American adolescents. This study was conducted with
several components which were focus groups of local
school nurses who work with African American teens,
focus groups with African American teens who were
pregnant, or who had given birth in the past year, and
lastly, interviews with health care professionals who work
with pregnant teens.
Through a thematic analysis of the data collected, four
main barriers to adequate prenatal care were revealed.
The main barriers were denial of the pregnancy, the
healthcare system, poverty and the culture of poverty, and
lack of education and communication. Gathering
information about and understanding why African
American teens were less likely than other demographics
of women to seek prenatal care is essential to helping
them have more positive birth outcomes, and thereby
strengthening the community as a whole.
P090Macaroni and Cheese: Comparison of
Characteristics in Sensory Evaluation Tests
Katelyn Filbrandt (Carolyn Barnhart)
UW-Stout, Food and Nutrition
Macaroni and cheese is a favorite American comfort food.
Most recipes or products have the basic ingredients: milk,
cheese, butter, and macaroni, in many variations.
Characteristics tested by sensory panelists of each
macaroni and cheese included color, texture, flavor, and
smoothness. Seven variations of macaroni and cheese
were prepared and then given to sensory panelists. Each
subject completed a sensory evaluation based on color,
texture, flavor, and smoothness on a scale from 1 to 5.
Results were found through ANOVA. The color sensory
test had the largest spread between the F value and the F
critical, meaning low variance. From the sensory
evaluation results, there was a slight significant difference
in smoothness. Variables involved with samples of
macaroni and cheese in this experiment included the
temperature, sample amount, and the amount of sauce
with each sample. Objective tests of each dish were
conducted on each of the samples with the ASE 200
Accelerated Solvent Extractor which measured the
amount of fat in each dish. The sample size was too small
to show significant results. Future tests are scheduled to
be conducted on the fat content according to the nutrition
label.
P089 Chlamydia Infections in Adolescents and Young
Adults
Lisa Michelle Scherrer (Aaron Buseh, Ph.D., MPH,
MSN)
UW-Milwaukee, Nursing
Background and Rationale: Although Chlamydia
trachomatis is the most frequent reportable sexually
transmitted infection (STI) in the United States, it
receives limited attention compared to other STIs such as
HIV/AIDS and the Human Pappilloma Virus. The
purpose of this study was to review, analyze, and critique
the existing research about Chlamydia among adolescents
and young adults from sources such as academic journals
and federal and state data sources. Methods: A literature
search was conducted using the key word 'Chlamydia' in
the Cumulative Index for Nursing and Allied Health
Literature (CINAHL) and the National Institutes of
Health database PubMed. Conclusions were drawn based
on patterns identified in the articles. Results: The review
revealed: (a) Gender gaps in the published literature on
prevention and treatment of Chlamydia, (b) Gaps in
published articles about behavioral risk factors for new
and recurrent Chlamydia infections, (c) Limitations in
intervention and theoretical models, designs, methods,
sampling, data analysis and generalizability of the
research, d) Limitations in understanding direct, indirect,
and intangible medical costs and implications for
healthcare delivery. Conclusions: Chlamydia
P091 A Better Way to Eat
Janelle Hansen (Dr. Carol Seaborn)
UW-Stout, Food Systems and Technology
The objective of this study was to evaluate how simple
modifications in traditional recipes would improve
nutrients, dietary fiber, fat, sodium, and cholesterol
content. By adding nutrient dense foods and decreasing
fat, cholesterol, and sodium of our diets we will provide
our bodies with what they need to improve health and stay
healthy. The five foods presented show the decreased
amount of calories, fat, cholesterol, and sodium and how
much the nutrients increased as well as discussing the
cooking substitutions made to achieve these results.
56
exercises targeting the hip, pre-strength and post-strength
tests will be performed at week one and six respectively.
With my results I hope to prove that my hypothesis is
correct. Increasing hip strength will decrease the amount
of internal rotation of the femur; thus decreasing the
amount of stress at the patellofemoral joint and decreasing
the patient’s pain.
P092 Effect of a Personal Trainer on Attitudes
Towards Physical Activity on College Aged Women
Rachel Hazuga (Dr. Rebecca Battista)
UW-La Crosse, Exercise and Sports Science
Efforts to promote physical activity have focused on
designing interventions that might effectively increase
adherence to physical activity. One example would be
incorporating the use of a personal trainer. Therefore, the
purpose of this study assessed the effect of using a
personal trainer on motivation, behavior, and physical
activity in college-aged females. Sixty-seven females
were randomly placed into a control group (C), weight
room group (FREE), or personal training group (PT).
After an 8 week intervention of either access to the
strength center (FREE) or access to the strength center
and assignment to a student personal trainer (PT), groups
were assessed in the amount of physical activity (PA),
percent body fat (BF), motivation for physical activity
(MOT), and stages of the Transtheoretical Model of
Behavior Change (STM). Although PA, MOT, and STM
were not significantly different, BF significantly
decreased. The lack of increasing motivation and physical
activity may be a result of the using only an 8 week
intervention and therefore a longer intervention may be
necessary. However, these observations also suggest that
those in the higher stages of behavioral change are still at
risk for dropping out of physical activity programs
regardless of access to facilities and personal trainers.
P094 The Effects of Strain Counterstrain in Reducing
Sensory Pain Due to Tender Points
Jennifer Wyss, Erica A. Ganther
(Holly Herrman)
UW-Stevens Point, Science
This project is a pilot study evaluating strain
counterstrain. The purpose of this project is to determine
whether strain counterstrain is effective in relieving pain
due to tender points versus touch therapy or placebo
effects. To understand one must have a general
knowledge of the physiology of tender points and a basic
understanding of strain counterstrain and its procedures.
We hypothesize that strain counterstrain will have a
positive effect in pain relief for the patients. Our study
will focus on tenderpoints located in the shoulder region specifically the supraspinatus area. To perform the
procedure we will place the patients into positions
indicated by Lawrence Jones (founder of the technique),
and apply mild to moderate pressure to the designated
area. We are currently in the process of collecting data.
By utilizing a subjective pain scale we hope to see a
significant statistical difference between those who
receive strain counterstrain and placebos to determine
whether strain counterstrain is effective.
P093 Will Increasing Hip Strength Decrease
Patellofemoral Pain?
Mary Lynch (Holly Herrman)
UW-Stevens Point, Athletic Training
P095 District and CESA Support for School-Based
SLP's Literacy Roles
Ashley Gonyo, Jill R. Lyche, Lauren A. Margolies,
Courtney R. Ruffert, Laura M. Winter
(Dr. Linda J. Carpenter)
UW-Eau Claire, Communication Sciences and Disorders
As the head athletic training student with the UWSP
Women’s Volleyball team this season, there was a trend
amongst the team reporting patellofemoral knee pain.
During play it was observed volleyball players are in a
position of knee flexion and hip internal rotation, causing
weakness in the hip abductors and external rotators.
Previous treatment consisted of rehabilitation exercises
focusing on strengthening around the patella since the
pain was at the knee; however the pain was still present.
Research has shown strengthening the muscles at the hip
versus the patella may help decrease pain because the
kinematical position of the femur is changed by
decreasing the amount of femoral rotation. The case
study I will be conducting focuses on hip strengthening to
control femoral rotation. The subject will be doing
This study examined the ways Wisconsin’s school
districts and CESA agencies support school-based speechlanguage pathologists (SLPs) in their literacy roles.
Wisconsin SLP Program Support Teachers responded to
survey questions about their perceived role in facilitating
literacy, continuing education needs of school-based SLPs
in the area of literacy, continuing education opportunities
focused on literacy provided for school-based SLPs by
57
their districts and/or CESAs, and additional avenues of
continuing education support for literacy recommended
by PSTs for school-based SLPs. Data analysis is in
process; results will show perceived roles, continuing
education needs and opportunities, and additional
continuing education recommendations by geographic
region in the state.
P098 Analysis of Wireless Man-in-the-Middle Attacks
Ryan Jensen, Todd Martin (Dr. Jack Lee, Stephen Nold)
UW-Stout, Information Technology Management
This research will identify wireless security issues and
what can be done to prevent these attacks. Using readily
available software that is downloadable off the Web, we
will explore how easy it would be intercept network
traffic and user information on networks that are both
secure and public access points. Identify potential
solutions to combat this risk.
P096 Performance Equivalencies Across Two
Measures of Phonology
Nicole Brantner, Cora R. Sorenson, Molly R. Johnson,
Stephanie J. Wilson
(Dr. Linda J. Carpenter, Deb Kavanagh)
P099 802.11x Wireless Security Flaws
Nathaniel Runge, Mark Dasovic, Chad Torkelson
(Dr. Jack Lee)
This study was designed to determine performance
equivalencies for preschool-aged children between
phonological deviancy scores on the Assessment of
Phonological Processes – Revised (APP-R) and total of
major phonological deviations on the Hodson Analysis of
Phonological Patterns – Third Edition (HAPP-3).
Preschool-aged children from the Eau Claire Area School
District were tested in the fall of 2005 on both measures;
data analysis involved linear regression to determine
equivalencies between performances on the tests. Results
provided equivalency tables for scores on the two
measures.
Technology today is moving faster than anyone possibly
could have predicted. Everyday, new methods and
devices are introduced to help share information and
increase the productivity of academics and businesses.
Broadband Internet saturation and mobile computing are
the best examples of technologies that are far from riskfree. The 802.11 standard wireless technologies are by
far the least secure methods of mobile communications
available today. Many varied security technologies have
been embedded into the 802.11 standards in the form of
data encryption.
This study will take a look at Wired Equivalent Privacy
(WEP) and Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) data
encryption technologies, which are the most common
forms of wireless network authentication. It will then
show the ease of using low-cost hardware, combined with
free software, to bypass these security technologies in
order to gain access to previously restricted resources.
This assessment is critical in helping people understand
the risks of communications equipment deployment with
even the best security features enabled.
In conclusion, some best practices for 802.11 wireless
securities will be established through the use of timebased graphs indicating how long it took to bypass the
security measures given different encryption methods and
variables.
P097 Counseling Parents of Children with Childhood
Apraxia of Speech
Andrea Boh (Dr. Linda J. Carpenter)
The purpose of this study was to examine the type of
counseling parents perceive as most effective in helping
them when their child is diagnosed with childhood
apraxia of speech (CAS). A survey consisting of both
open-ended questions and checklists was distributed to
the members of the Apraxia-Kids list-serve. The survey
asked specific questions about the feelings they
experienced when their child was diagnosed with CAS
and the type of support they received from their speechlanguage pathologist after the diagnosis. The results of
this survey will make a substantial contribution to
understanding the methods of counseling that speechlanguage pathologists use.
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Demilitarized Zone (DMZ), Virtual Private Networking
(VPN), and firewall capabilities to find out the
effectiveness against malicious attacks from users or
software and breaches in security.
P100 Wireless Network Insecurities: A Local
Perspective.
Joseph Waggoner, Edward W. Simson
(Dr. Jack Lee)
P102 Public User Authentication in Education Data
Networks
Tom Krenn, Jason Hotujec, Dustin Weiker
(Dr. Jack Lee)
UW-Stout, Telecommunications Systems
This research seeks to expose the potential implications of
using an unsecured wireless network in both residential
and business settings. In addition, a full map
documenting locations of wireless networks in the city of
Menomonie and statistics regarding these wireless
networks will be compiled. Wireless security is often
overlooked especially by novice users and small
businesses. The importance of this research is to raise
awareness in regards to the serious information security
and private information threats posed by unsecured
wireless networks. To complete objectives stated above,
special equipment will be used. Equipment needed
include a vehicle, GPS device, and a laptop with wireless
capabilities. Using this equipment will sufficiently
provide the appropriate means to discover and collect
relevant data. The location for data collection will consist
of the City of Menomonie. Information of all wireless
access points collected within city limits shall be
appropriately represented in a clear concise manner.
Once the data has been collected, statistics and GPS
points compiled from previous data collection will be
plotted onto a map to display results from this research
project.
Information security has become a major concern among
education institutions in recent years. A lack of
knowledge on both the end user and administrative side of
a network has led to the implementation of flawed
solutions. This project hopes to identify such design flaws
or loopholes within the University of Wisconsin – Stout’s
current wireless and netreg (Network Registration)
systems. Working with Stout’s Telecommunications and
Networking department we hope to identify and mitigate
any threats to the security and stability of the universities'
current infrastructure.
P103 UW-Stout Network Traffic Analysis
Adam Born, Jonathan Vermes (Dr. Jack Lee)
The internet is a very dangerous place to be connected to.
At UW-Stout, when you connect to the network jack in
your dorm room, or when you connect to any part of the
UW-Stout network, you are connecting to the public
internet. UW-Stout gives you a publicly routable internet
address when you connect to their network. Public
addresses can be seen from anywhere in the world that is
connected to the internet. Other campuses provide their
students private internet addresses, which can only be
seen from within the campus network. Generally
speaking, a private address is much safer than a public
internet address. Analysis will be done utilizing an
Intrusion Detection System (IDS), and by passively
collecting information from the UW-Stout public
network, then comparing it to a private network to
determine which is safer and how/why it is safer.
P101 "Securing the Home Network. The Bad Packet
Stops Here."
Gavin Hoesly, Travis Schlafke (Dr. Jack Lee)
Today many individuals are implementing home
computer networks to provide services for wireless
connectivity, file sharing, printing, and Internet access.
By nature most of these home networks and small
business networks are quite insecure. Many of these
networks are harboring very important information in
regards to social security numbers and financial data.
These individuals or businesses can be crippled if
personal and private information falls into the wrong
hands. A common solution to this problem is to add a
firewall to the network, but this can be difficult to
implement while observing all other network services.
An excellent solution to these problems is a Linux based
operating system called IPCop. Rigorous testing will be
performed on the Intrusion Detection System (IDS),
59
P106 Biometrics
Michael Bee, Cheng Chang, Mavericko Morris
(Dr. Jack Lee)
P104 Biometric Security: Voice Recognition Software
Neil Robinson (Dr. Jack Lee)
UW-Stout, Telcommunications Systems
With ubiquitous personal information being stored on
personal computers and laptops, it is vitally important that
data is kept secure. To meet these increasing security
needs, companies have been moving in the direction of
implementing biometric security. Biometric security uses
the unique physical characteristics of a person in order to
restrict access rights to the individual. Using a
microphone and specialized software, computers match
voice or speech patterns to individuals with extreme
precision.
The purpose of this study is to select three software
products and test the programs on its ability to meet
specific criteria. The software will be judged on its
ability to keep data secure and restricted to accepted
users, support for multiple users with differing security
needs, ease of setup, and susceptibility to recording
playbacks and similar voices. Upon completion of this
study, the three programs will be judged on which best
meets the research criteria.
Network security has come along way since the wave of
computer technology over 30 years ago. Technology has
made huge advancements since its beginning and with the
growing importance of data and information security on
computers. Security advancements in the past have been
limited to usernames and passwords. In the last few years
new advancements to protect information and compute
security has emerged. Biometrics gives individuals and
businesses a better and more secure way to protect their
information and comupters. Eye scanners, fingerprint
readers and voice recognition are a few popular
biometrics used in many businesses around the world.
The project assessess the most commonly used biometrics
by comparing some of the different technologies used by
companies around the world.
P107 Is Your Windows Computer Secure?
John Thomas, Scott Vadnais (Dr. Jack Lee)
P105 The Legality of File Sharing
Ryan Moldenhauer, Ryan Doney, Nathan Neville (Dr.
Jack Lee)
Security of personal information on computers today is a
very important topic. As security threats to information
increase, the ability to effectively combat these attacks
will be essential to protecting valuable information. Most
home users of Windows XP have very limited knowledge
of firewalls and security in general. Windows has enabled
their firewall by default to protect users with limited
knowledge of computers; however, there has been many
questions as to whether or not the Windows firewall is
secure enough. In the testing phase of the research, results
behind the security of the Windows XP firewall (with
service pack 2) will be documented through port
scanning, various attacks, and outside visibility of the
computer.
For most computer users the legalities of file sharing is
unknown. For most non technical types the exact laws and
regulations are unknown. Most information is passed
along by word of month. We plan to look at federal laws
at file sharing. We would like to investigate file sharing
because of the high number of lawsuits being brought
forward by the music industry. We also bring forward
some current lawsuits that are in the spot light that are
some of the laws and regulations that are being charged
against file sharers. We plan to provide accurate
information showing what a computer user can download,
share, and store. We also plan to show the fines and
punishments currently set by the law by the federal law.
We hope this will provide adequate information for the
average computer user.
P108 Semantic Networks with Relations as Nodes,
Allowing Relational Hierarchy, Abstraction, and
Instantiation
Kyle Thompson (Hossein Najafi)
UW-River Falls, Computer Science
A semantic network is composed of a set of nodes, each
representing things, ideas, or concepts, connected to other
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where n is a member of the natural numbers, depending
on the type of sequence.
nodes. The connections between the nodes, called
relations, describe how the concepts are related to each
other. Semantic networks are commonly drawn with
labeled ovals as nodes connected by labeled arrows,
representing relations. Besides simple concept mapping,
semantic networks are used for many applications such as
human language understanding, input classification, and
automated decision making. Their use has also been
prevalent with artificial intelligence for knowledge
representation and artificial neural networks.
Traditionally, the relations are predefined and specific to
the particular network, and the nodes represent
homogeneously concrete or abstract concepts. Due to this,
nodes that are more abstract than other nodes and
relations with individual or unique properties cannot be
well represented by current semantic networks. This
research proposes representing all relations as ordinary
nodes, thus allowing them to be linked to other nodes.
This will allow semantic networks to have: concepts that
encompass and are more abstract representations of other
nodes and relations; relations that dynamically associate
with similar relations; relations that can be part of
structural and inheritance hierarchies; and unique
relations with distinct properties, allowing complex fuzzy
relations among other things. The proposed research will
enable semantic networks to be a powerful data structure,
extending their current capabilities and allowing them to
be on par with current data and computational models.
P110 Transportation Model for Emergency Flooding
Situations
Cassandra Lawler, Carolyn Otto
(Dr. Simei Tong)
UW-Eau Claire, Mathematics
Flooding is a significant annual problem for Wisconsin.
Although the floods of Wisconsin are not on the level of
Hurricane Katrina, we felt inspired by this disaster to
investigate flooding in Wisconsin using mathematical
methods. We focused our research on building a
mathematical model for transporting sandbags in an
emergency flooding situation. Using the Simplex
Method, we obtained an optimal solution to minimize the
time to collect and distribute sandbags. While we built a
generic model to be used in any flooding situation, we
specifically used the model for Dane and Price County to
note the differences of the sandbag issue in a heavily
populated area verses a less populated area. We will give
a brief overview of the flooding history of Dane and Price
County and discuss how we built the mathematical model
for transporting sandbags. Using the Simplex Method we
obtained an optimal solution to minimize the time of
collecting and distributing sandbags. Also, by using
sensitivity analysis, we will explain how the results vary
when we changed the variables of the model.
P109 Analysis of the Closure Characteristics of
Spiralaterals
GaoShue Moua (Kathryn Ernie)
UW-River Falls, Elementary Education
P111 A Mathematical Investigation: Cohomology of
Lie Algebras
Dominic Kramer, Alloys J. Samz, Jesse P.Horst, Sara E.
Wood, Amber L.Gleeson, Ben M. Matern (Dr. Chris
Bendel)
UW-Stout, Applied Mathematics & Computer Science
The focus of this research was to examine the closure
characteristics of spiralaterals based on various arithmetic
sequences including but not limited to a subset of the
natural numbers, even numbers, and odd numbers. In
addition, the closure characteristics of spiralaterals
generated by a subset of the prime numbers, Fibonaccitype sequences and randomly generated subsets of the
natural numbers were analyzed. This study tries to
answer the questions: under what conditions do the
spiralaterals form closed polygons and when do they
escape? Different parameters such as the length of the
segment, size of the turn angle, and the type of sequences
were used to characterize the closure properties of a
spiralateral.
The length variation was tested by using different
sequences and types of numbers as the basic pattern for
the procedure to create the spiralateral graphically. The
initial numbers were randomly picked and increased by n,
Lie algebras are mathematical structures that have been
well-studied and seen significant application in various
areas of mathematics and physics. A Lie algebra is
defined over a certain number field such as the real
numbers or the complex numbers. This project is
interested in Lie algebras defined over certain modular
fields which are determined by a prime number.
Associated to a Lie algebra is a useful invariant called its
cohomology. A fundamental unsolved mathematical
problem is to compute the cohomology of certain types of
Lie algebras over modular fields for small prime numbers.
The goal of the project, which is sponsored by the
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National Science Foundation, is to compute these
unknown cohomology groups. Some computations have
been made by using mathematical software (MAGMA)
and writing computer programs to aid with the
computations. Continuing investigations are aimed at
extending these results to more Lie algebras.
friendliness, use of only one material to facilitate ease of
recycling, ease of assembly, manufacturability, and the
ability to portray a natural feel. This project helped to
foster innovation and creativity between Aveda and UWStout students. As a male student I enjoyed the
opportunity to work with products that I normally would
not have had any interaction with.
My groups' solution to the design challenge was
packaging that used bamboo, an easily renewable
resource for the packaging material. Our packaging
design fulfilled all the design requirements with the added
benefit of being robust enough to be reusable. In addition
to providing a great opportunity for the students to
interact with a company that is at the forefront of
environmental friendliness we gained some very
important experience with prototyping and brainstorming
that we will be able to use in our careers.
P112 On the Strength of Tribo-Induced Emission of
Charged Particles from Mono-Crystalline Silicon
Surfaces Scratched with Diamond Styli
Ysai Reyes (Dr. Hisham Abdel-Aal)
UW-Platteville, Industrial Engineering
Triboemission is the emission of electrons, ions, neutral
particles, photons, radiation, and acoustic emission under
conditions of sliding damage. Particle emission
observations during scratching of solid surfaces were
undertaken by many researchers, and it was observed that
the intensity of tribo-induced emission of the electrons,
ions, and photons decrease in the order:
insulator>semiconductor> conductor. When semiconductors such as Si and Ge were scratched by diamond
in vacuum an initial outburst of particles was observed
and then faded significantly. This behavior was
inconsistent with original theories that predicted that
semiconductors are to emit continuous streams of emitted
particles of moderate strengths. Explanation of the
behavior was based on the possibility of surface oxide
contamination or the cleavage of new surfaces during
scratching. These works offer an explanation of the
behavior of tribo-emitted particles in the scratching of Si
and Ge. The explanation is based on the documented
pressure induced semi-conductor to metallic phase
transformation that takes place in Si and Ge during
sliding. This transformation causes the uppermost layer of
the material directly under the stylus to behave as a
conducting metal. This causes the fading of the strength
of the emitted particles as observed experimentally.
P114 Dramaturgy for in Their Own Words: A
Vietnam Chronicle
Anthony Menzia (Dr. Mark E. Lococo)
UW-Waukesha
A “Campus Read” for UW Waukesha in the 2005-2006
academic year was "The Things They Carried" by Tim
O’Brien, a very real look at the Vietnam veterans’ soldier
life. A spring semester theatre production titled, In Their
Own Words: A Vietnam Chronicle, also captures what
the Vietnam war meant to its soldiers and citizens back
home. Using letters, memoirs and oral histories, the piece
was originally developed in New York in 1984 as a
vehicle designed to tour to high schools and colleges in
the tri-state area to educate about the war. The
dramaturgy for this play includes research of all aspects
of the content of the play to provide the director,
company, and audience with pertinent information
relevant to the production which will heighten the
experience of the performance. This research showcases
important aspects of the Vietnam war compiled into one
forum. Including Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder,
Vietnam war terminology, Vietnam weaponry and
transportation, statistical demographics, and the advent of
televised news coverage in the 1960s and its impact on
the escalation of the protest movement ‘back home,’ the
information provided attempts to include all aspects of
what the Vietnam war meant to those who lived it.
P113 Alternative Packaging for the Cosmetic Industry
Dan Burgess (Dr. Claire Sand)
UW-Stout, Packaging
In the Fall of 2005, my Consumer Packaging class met
with a representative from Aveda Cosmetics to discuss
the parameters of a packaging design challenge. There
were many different constraints on how the class could
package several cosmetic items as a kit for Aveda's
stylists. Some of the requirements were: environmental
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crescent shape. Charcoal, soft-pastels, and graphite
respectively are the media applied to each given substrate.
P115 African American Women In The Media
Raymcia Cooper
(William Cassidy, Dr. Richard C. McGregory Jr.)
UW-Whitewater, Communication
P117 Cuba Beyond the Embargo: The Failure of the
Cuban Embargo
David Koslov (Dr. Manuel Fernandez)
UW-Eau Claire, Spanish and Pre-Medicine
The diversity of African American media perspectives
can enrich the American dialogue on various issues
covered in the media. This study examines the following:
the experiences of African American women in the
media; the prevalence of African American women in the
different sectors in the media (i.e. broadcast journalism,
print journalism, radio); the career progression of selected
African American women in the media. An analysis of
secondary sources and informal conversations with media
professionals in Midwestern cities suggests that these
women have more non-traditional experiences and
undertake more risky career moves than the typical media
professional. The study was conducted through ten
personal interviews of media professionals between
January 2004 and November 2005. An analysis of the
completed interviews suggests that these professionals
have taken entrepreneurial approaches to their careers in
order to advance. The results of this study suggest that
ethnic minority and female students in media related
majors should become exposed to the following types of
experiences in their fields in order to be prepared for the
professional realm: paid internships; non-paid internships
for academic credit; volunteer work arrangements.
The United States has historically had a vested interest in
open, although not always mutually beneficial, economic
relations with Cuba due to its location and natural
resources. When Fidel Castro led his guerrilla
revolutionaries to victory over Eugenio Fulgencio Batista
and foreign owned properties were nationalized, political
sanctions on behalf of the United States against the
island’s government began, which culminated in an
embargo on Cuba which is still in effect today. An in
depth study was conducted of the Congressional
legislation surrounding the Cuban embargo, from its
inception in the early 1960’s to the Democracy Act of
1992 and the Libertad (Helms – Burton) Act of 1996, and
the circumstances under which they were imposed. This
was done in an effort to understand the conflicting
portrayal of the situation offered by various sources and
officiating bodies, including Cuban newspapers, the
Cuban exile community, international political officials
and political analysts of the media. It was felt that
awareness of the rationale behind the different
interpretations could be useful in defusing the tense
situation.
P116 Monochromatic Portraiture
William Thomas (Greg Porcaro, Dr. Richard C.
McGregory Jr.)
UW-Whitewater, Fine Arts
P118 A Walking Exploration of El Camino de
Santiago
Andrea Kay Crownhart
(Dr. Margarita Hendrickson)
Monochromatic portraiture, in this project, refers to
complex photographic information of the face interpreted
into drawn observations of form using a limited palette. It
is largely an exercise in reduction. The images chosen for
representation were scanned, cropped considerably, and
converted into grayscale images. A grid was applied to
both the designated drawing substrate and the source
image. Adding grids provided accuracy and proportion. It
was necessary to view the source image as an assembly of
shapes rather than an assembly of facial features; hence,
the terms eyes, nose, and mouth became irrelevant. These
all became references to various shapes and forms. What
was a nose, viewed straight-on, became three spheres and
a cylinder. An eye, with this new vocabulary, was
transformed into an ellipsis capped with a volumetric
In the fall of 2005, I walked the pilgrimage route El
Camino de Santiago in northern Spain. I was researching
the Camino as an independent study for Semester Abroad:
Europe, a study abroad program offered through UWRiver Falls. During my time on the Camino, I
interviewed fellow pilgrims to discover why people want
to complete this pilgrimage, as well as evaluating my own
experiences as I walked. My findings revealed that the
majority of people participate in this pilgrimage because
they are between two chapters in their lives; some were in
the transition between schooling and careers, while others
were between jobs. There was also a large segment of
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top priority for staff development. The research team is
putting together a packet of information to the schools
who participated that perhaps will help guide them
towards making strides with the effectiveness of their
professional development.
people who had recently retired and now had the time to
walk or bicycle El Camino. The three countries that had
the most participants were Germany, Australia, and
Canada. In conclusion, my findings correlate well with
the official statistics from the Archdiocese of Santiago's
Pilgrim Office. Their data from 2005 states that there
were more pilgrims walking for "religious and other
reasons" versus people that reported walking solely for
"religious reasons." This is the first year that people
walking for "religious and other reasons" have been in the
majority.
P121 An Analysis of the Effectiveness of Bilingual
Education on Math, Reading, and Language
Development
Daniel Rea-Garcia
(M. Virgina Epps, Dr. Richard C. McGregory Jr.)
UW-Whitewater, Spanish
P119 Assessing the Correlation Between Learning
Styles and Practice Techniques of Voice Students
Courtney Doyel (Dr. Mitra Sadeghpour)
UW-Eau Claire, Music Education-Choral
The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of
a two-way bilingual education program on the
achievement gap in math, reading and language
development between Nuestro Mundo (Two-way
Immersion School) students who have minimal English
proficiency and students from Frank Allis Elementary
School who are proficient English speakers. To achieve
this goal, qualitative research methods will be utilized
over three years. At the end of this period, the research
will be triangulated by adding a quantitative research
(standardized test results). The overall progress of
Nuestro Mundo students will be tracked for a period of
four years.
I have had an interest in learning styles since I was
introduced to the concept by my homeroom teacher in
middle school. My faculty mentor and I began discussing
the presumed benefits of using the correct learning style
in voice practice. We decided to examine the question,
“What is happening in the practice room?” and designed a
study to research if and how much students utilize
practice techniques that correlate with their learning style.
P120 Professional Learning Communities
Christine Dussault (Dr. Ken Schmidt)
UW-Eau Claire, Middle Childhood
P122 Academic Integrity Assessment Project at UWEau Claire
Michelle Clark, Daniel P. Hardy, Stephanie A. Birdd
(Jodi Thesing-Ritter, Karen Welch)
Professional development in schools has always been
considered a high importance in America’s public
education system. However, it was not until recently that
there has been a shift in focus of professional
development. The National Staff Development Council
indicated that far too many schools devote attention to the
activity of staff development (seminars, conferences, etc),
than to how it will benefit students. (2001). Due to the
many definitions of the term Professional Learning
Communities (PLCs), many districts feel that they have
implemented it within their school district. The study
contacted school districts in the Chippewa Valley (CESA
10) and asked about staff development in their
districts/buildings. Over 80 schools were contacted and
invited to respond to a short survey about the activity of
PLCs. There was a follow-up questionnaire for the
schools that indicated PLCs were indeed active in their
district. An analysis of the data showed that the schools
who responded to the study did not have students as the
Academic integrity has long been a subject of interest for
education professionals. To assess the academic
environment on the University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire
campus, a group of UWEC students and faculty are
conducting a campus-wide study concerning academic
integrity. We began by surveying students and faculty
with a nationally recognized survey created by the Center
for Academic Integrity, Duke University. The survey
asks both faculty and students for their views on topics
such as the seriousness and frequency of cheating or
plagiarism at our university, and whether policies for it
are well publicized and enforced. In addition to the
survey, we are conducting student focus groups and
individual faculty interviews. The goal of this study is to
evaluate the culture of academic integrity on the UW-Eau
Claire campus. The data collected will be used to
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care and safety of animals and the continuance of the zoo
in and after times of disaster, the Zoo determined that a
business continency plan/budget needed to be prepared to
address such events. This project chronicles and lists a
number of items done ensure that the zoo will be able to
meet those needs. Some of those items include: gathering
information pertaining to administrative and logistical
requirements and adopting ways of funtioning to full
capacity during absences in any functional area, creating
emergency contact losts in order of importance for each
specific functional area, creating emergency supplier lists
to ensure that animals are cared for , cataloging key
support equipment and points of contact for expediating
replacement equipment, creating chronological contact
lists to ensure key personnel are contacted in proper order
to begin the rebuilding process, analyzing budgets and
costs related to moves, repairs and reorders, ensuring that
important records are backed up and stored in safe areas
away from the main site, determining alternative sites
suitable for housing animals in times of disaster, and
developing a step-by-step plan unique to all functional
areas to ensure the most practical course of action in times
of crisis.
determine whether the academic integrity policies are
effective against academic misconduct. If the results
show that the UW-Eau Claire policies are ineffective, new
policies may be created and implemented to help increase
student and faculty awareness of the issue and to
encourage an increased commitment to academic
integrity.
P123 Exploring Communication Issues and Conflict
Management in the Workplace
Quiana Mays, Heidi Treffert, William Traber, George
Serigos (Karen Crooker)
UW-Parkside, Business Administration
The Professional Women's Group is a program offered by
the Racine YWCA dedicated to the development and
empowerment of disadvantaged women in the workplace.
At their request, we developed a one-half day workshop
that investigated common workplace challenges related to
effective communication and dispute resolution, skills
essential to the women's career success. Themes from
giving and receiving directions to confronting supervisors
were discussed and reasonable solutions were provided.
The knowledge base was an amalgamation of personal
experiences, interviews of peers and supervisors, and
contributions from subject matter experts who have
written extensively on the topic. The findings indicated
that most disputes are the result of poor communication;
this was a universal theme in the differing methods.
Furthermore, our personal styles of communication are
inherent. However effectiveness requires one to adjust to
the situation presented which takes thought and practice.
The trainees came to understand the connection between
poor communication and disputes and practiced adjusting
one's personal style to satisfy potentially contentious
situations. This project was conducted under the auspices
of the Solutions for Economic Growth Center within the
School of Business and Technology at the University of
Wisconsin-Parkside. This workshop was completed and
delivered December 17, 2005.
P125 Kenosha Water Utility: Cost Comparision of
Sand and Micro-Membrane Filtration Systems
Megan O Donnell, Sara L. Painter, Dipen Shah, Robert
Blagg (Laura Jean Kreissl)
UW-Parkside, Accounting
The Kenosha Water Utility (KWU) pumps over 5.2
billion gallons of water each year to serve an expanding
population now over 105,000 people. In addition to a
well-maintained gravity-driven sand filtration system, the
KWU boasts operation of one of the largest state-of-the
art micro-membrane filtration systems in the world for a
community its size. Seeking to optimize quality and cost
control the KWU determined that it needed to better
understand the costs of each system. A series of studies
assessed labor, water, utility, chemical, maintenance,
depreciation, and other plant costs for each of the systems
on a per million gallon basis. In addition, cost changes
within the micro-membrane system was assessed since its
installation to determine if process changes have affected
costs and what total change in cost occurred. Findings
revealed that without the more accurate information, the
specific water filtration costs had been reported as costing
more than they actually do by several dollars per million
gallons. In addition to better identifying costs,
opportunities on how to capitalize on the available and
improving technologies were revealed.
P124 Racine Zoological Society Disaster Contingency
Plan
Samuel Duchac, Warren Anderson
(Laura Jean Kreissl)
UW-Parkside, Accounting
One of the few remaining "free zoos" in the United States,
the Racine County Zoo operates almost entirely on
donations made by local sponsors. Concerned about the
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66
Thanks and
Acknowledgements
Index of Students and
Abstract Titles
67
68
Thanks and Acknowledgements
University of Wisconsin System and Administration
Campus Representatives
Wava Haney
Karen Havholm
Regan A. R. Gurung
William Gresens
Vijendra K. Agarwal
Laurie Mayberry
Rita Cheng
Nigel Rothfels
Susan Surendonk
David Higgs
Kathy Lomax
William Campbell
Cindy Marczak
Nancy Bayne
Sue Foxwell
Christopher Markwood
Richard McGregory
UW-Colleges
UW-Eau Claire
UW-Green Bay
UW-La Crosse
UW-La Crosse
UW-Madison
UW-Milwaukee
UW-Milwaukee
UW-Oshkosh
UW-Parkside
UW-Platteville
UW-River Falls
UW-Stevens Point
UW-Stevens Point
UW-Stout
UW-Superior
UW-Whitewater
Symposium Steering Committee
Deanna Applehans
Chuck Bomar
Sue Foxwell
Brady Hurtgen
Steve Nold
Susan McClelland
Claudia Johnston
Liubov Samsonova
Levi Stodola
John Thompson
University of Wisconsin-Stout
Chancellor’s Office
Provost’s Office
Research Services
Outreach Services
University Relations
69
A special thank you to Eliza Wheeler, UW-Stout student and designer of the 7th Annual Symposium for
Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity poster. The poster gained national recognition as a
University Continuing Education Association (UCEA) Marketing and Publications Awards 2006
Winner. Congratulations Eliza.
Research Scholars
It is our pleasure to recognize the UW System Undergraduate Research Scholars – a designation given
to student(s) who were recruited by the Campus Representatives and together form a core group of
volunteers working jointly to promote undergraduate research on individual campuses and throughout
the UW System. Major responsibilities include encouraging student participation at the Symposium,
participation in group conference calls and group e-mails, and providing pre- and post- Symposium
input and recommendations to the Symposium Steering Committee. Levi Stodola, UW-Stout, has led
the way in organizing the group and accomplishing the goals for the 2006 Symposium.
Rachel Anderson UW-Eau Claire
Tammy Goss UW-Eau Claire
Jan-Marie Ovanin UW-Eau Claire
Ben Sykora UW-Eau Claire
Kasey Harroun UW-Fox Valley
Jordan Coffey UW-La Crosse
Heather Buelow UW-Milwaukee
Laura Turner UW-Milwaukee
Heidi Galica UW-Oshkosh
Mayia Corcoran UW-Platteville
Sarah Orlofske UW-Stevens Point
Levi Stodola UW-Stout
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Co-Contributors
Thank you to the following students who contributed to this year’s research and or creative activities but
are unable to attend.
Name
Project
Adam L. Barsamian
Flow Injection Donnan Dialysis for the Determination of
Mercury in Water
UW-Parkside
D. Scott Bohle
Synthesis of Alkyl-Thio Schiff Bases and Their Reactions
with Transition and Main Group Metals
UW-Fox Valley
Michael E. Bose
Structure/Function Analysis of a PfpI/DJ-1/Hsp31 Protein
Family Member
UW-Parkside
Rodney Feazell
Synthesis and Characterization of Benzoimidazole Based
Heterocycles
UW-Fox Valley
Reactions of Dithioparbamates, Xanthates and
Dithiophosphates With Naphthyl Telluruim Trichloride
UW-Fox Valley
Kevin Klausmeyer
University
John Marciniak
Genetic Analysis of the Modular Model for a DNA-binding
protein
UW-Parkside
Meg Seibel
Environmental Conditions during Recovery from the EndPermian Extinction: Comparative Analysis of Carbon
Isotopes Data from China, Japan, and Turkey
UW-Oshkosh
George Serigos
Mercury in Water
UW-Parkside
Jacob W. Tatay
Chloroplast RNA Regulatory Sequences
UW-Parkside
William Traber
Mercury in Water
UW-Parkside
Heidi Treffert
Mercury in Water
Genetic Characterization of Rhodobacter Sphaeroides Lon
Protease Pysiological Role
UW-Parkside
Jackie Wood
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UW-Parkside
List of Student Participants by University
UW-Baraboo/Sauk County
Allison Herriot
Ryan Petty
UW-Barron County
Tammy K. Hopke
UW-Eau Claire
Rachel E. Anderson
Stephanie Birdd
Andrea L. Boh
Nicole J. Brantner
Kevin J. Buffington
Kelli B. Capocasa
Kristina L. Chase
Ellen A. Christensen
Michelle J. Clark
Amy A. Croswell
Emily J. Csiacsek
Serena E. Davis
Courtney J. Doyel
Rachel D. Duginske
Christine C. Dusssault
Casey Farrell
Lynn M. Galston
Ashley R. Gonyo
Tammy L. Goss
Brittany Gragg
Dan Hardy
Steven F. Henke
Adam C. Hinz
Stanley J. Howard
Molly Johnson
Adam J. Kjos
Sarah L. Knabel
Christopher A. Kohel
David S. Koslov
Gillian M. Krezoski
Cassandra M. Lawler
Theresa Lenon
Catherine Mac Laurin
Lauren Margolies
Lindsay K. Matteson
Theresa C. Meath
Mike A. Molnar
Miranda M. Myers
Alison E. Obr
Juli M. Pitzer
Courtney Ruffert
Corey Stocco
Benjamin J. Sykora
Neil R. Trombly
Stephanie Wilson
Lauren Winter
UW-Fond du Lac
Joe VandeSlunt
Holly Whitemarsh
UW-Fox Valley
Nicole Daubert
Virginia Elandt
Kasey M. Harroun
Gregory Kokke
Heather Lind
Brint Schwerbel
Angela M. Van Straten
UW-Green Bay
Melanie Schroeder
UW-La Crosse
Katie M. Applewhite
Katie Asp
Stefanie Benesh
Dan Hannen-Starr
Rachel Hazuga
Mei Li M. Kwong
Kristen L. Pitts
Eric Stoneberg
UW-Marinette
Su-Yeon Kim
UW-Marshfield/Wood County
Sarju Patel
UW-Milwaukee
Matthew S. Bantz
Andrew J. Broderick
Alex A. Czarnecki
Maria Fanning
Malori Hinchen
Brye Jorstad
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Theresa Keller
Joseph Lawton
Quintino R. Mano III
Anna Christine Reidy
Nick Strube
Lisa Michelle Scherrer
Christina M. Strycker
Agatha Wieczorek
UW-Oshkosh
Amber Carter
Tina Cummins
Laura J. Felten
Anthony R. Flanagan
Heidi M. Gallica
Theresa Hoffman
Andrew M. Jungwirth
Rachelle Kernen
Amy Kessler
Mitchell T. Nothem
Alicia Pechman
Love B. Pirova
Kristin Reschenberg
UW-Parkside
Warren C. Anderson
Milica Bajagic
Erica Berzin
Leann M. Buhrow
Samuel M. Duchac
Ryan Helgesen
Lindsay J. Jones
Jacob N. Karras
Steven P. Kopitzke
Jennifer S. Lavender
Tong Lee
Patrick J. Liesch
Quiana M. Mays
Zoe C. McManama
Megan O'Donnell
Sara L. Painter
Amy M. Sainski
Dipen Shah
Felita Y. Singleton
Joseph J. Topczewski
List of Student Participants by University
UW-Platteville
Angela Cartwright
Mayia N. Corcoran
Kyle Gibson
Matthew Giffin
Paula Hachtel
Eric L. Olson
Ysai Reyes
UW-River Falls
Julie Carrell
Andrea Kay Crownhart
Scott DeWolf
James Grosek
Mindy Johnson
Caroline Martin
GaoShue C. Moua
Charles J. Packard
Tim Pearson
Erin Regan
Tory Schaaf
Kyle Thompson
Nina Watercott
UW-Stevens Point
Erica A. Ganther
Sarah Jones
Rachel A. Koehler
Nicholas Legler
Mary Lynch
Juan Mendoza
Sarah Orlofske
Alexandra Tseffos
Veronique M. Van Ghemm
Jennifer L. Wyss
UW-Stout
Tom Bach
Rebecca S. Baker
Sara Barnes
Michael A. Bee
Mike Boldischar
Adam B. Born
Tyson M. Brown
Dan Burgess
Cheng Chang
Chris Cleveland
Ciarah Coenen
Mark M. Dasovic
Christopher A. Dierich
Ryan Doney
Jade Downey
Matthew Ekenstedt
Katie Ek-Pangerl
Katelyn R. Filbrandt
Kari Forsman
Amber L. Gleeson
Marc A. Hannum
Janelle L. Hansen
Stephanie L. Herbert
Allison Rae Hilmer
Tiffany Hoage
Gavin R. Hoesly
Jesse P. Horst
Jason A. Hotujec
Ryan T. Jensen
Jeff Kahon
Randy Kerr
Arthur J. Kneeland
Dominic D. Kramer
Tom Krenn
Dawn N. Lohmann
James P. Lokken
Todd Martin
Ben M. Matern
Ryan Moldenhauer
Maverick D. Morris
John A. Nemitz
Nathan Neville
Ashley M. Ostrowski
Deborah L. Paulson
Maxine M. Pettis
Neil P. Robinson
Nathaniel R. Runge
73
Ann E. Rust
Alloys J. Samz
Katryn A. Schenck
Ashley L Schiller
Travis C. Schlake
Emily L. Siems Roberson
Edward W. Simson
Andrew E. Smith
Ashley M. Spahn
Elizabeth J. Steffen
Christina Strommer
John Thomas
Chad W. Torkelson
Amber L. Traynor
Rebecca K. Valaske
Joy K. VanDeLoo
Jonathan J. Vermes
Joseph J. Waggoner
Geena Wallace
Nathan J. Weber
Brooke J. Weiss
Eliza Wheeler
Sara E. Wood
Avie Xiong
Lee P. Xiong
UW-Superior
Teruyasu Miyazawa
UW-Waukesha
James R. Gapinski
Anthony Menzia
UW-Whitewater
Ashley N. Castro
Raymcia Cooper
Carol Ann Olson
Daniel Rea-Garcia
William P. Thomas
Fathy Vang
Index of Students and Abstract Titles
8
B
802.11x Wireless Security Flaws..............................................58
Bach, Tom................................................................................ 24
Bajagic, Milica ......................................................................... 42
Baker, Rebecca................................................................... 22, 35
Bantz, Matthew ........................................................................ 50
Barnes, Sara ............................................................................. 31
Barsamian, Adam ..................................................................... 43
Bee, Michael ............................................................................ 60
Behaviors of Daphnia Infected with Polycaryum Laeve .......... 34
Benesh, Stefanie....................................................................... 49
Berzin, Erica............................................................................. 32
Bioengineering More Effective Antifungal Drugs ................... 43
Biometric Security
Voice Recognition Software ............................................... 60
Biometrics ................................................................................ 60
Birdd, Stephanie....................................................................... 64
Blagg, Robert ........................................................................... 65
Blockade of Serotonin (5-HT) 2A, 2B, 2C Receptors in
Mammalian Spinal Cords.................................................... 38
Boh, Andrea ............................................................................. 58
Boldischar, Mike ...................................................................... 24
Born, Adam.............................................................................. 59
Bose, Michael........................................................................... 34
Brantner, Nicole ....................................................................... 58
Broderick, Andrew ............................................................. 20, 32
Brown, Tyson........................................................................... 34
Buffington, Kevin .................................................................... 36
Buhrow, Leann......................................................................... 32
Building Robots
Innovative Methodology for Programming and Design
through Experimentation. .............................................. 19
Burgess, Dan ............................................................................ 62
A
A Better Way to Eat..................................................................56
A Breath of Life
Creating a Digital Robot Character for the Use in a
Commerical....................................................................25
A Buried Secret
Atrazine Levels of Water Samples ......................................42
A Mathematical Investigation
Cohomology of Lie Algebras ..............................................61
A Molecular Genetics Screen For Proteins That Xenopus
Proteins That Bind To Hermes Reveals a Novel Interaction
With The Cell Cycle Control Protein, Cyclin A1 ................38
A Possible New Species of Synapturanus Carvalho, 1954
(Anura, Mircohylidae) From Peru .......................................40
A Proposal for Restoration of a Pine-Oak Forest, Capulalpam de
Mendez, Oaxaca, Mexico ....................................................26
A Research Internship at Longwood Gardens in Kennett Square,
Pennsylvania........................................................................45
A Sri Lankan Textile Market
A Study on Improving Lost Urban Spaces ....................20, 32
A Walking Exploration of El Camino de Santiago ...................63
Academic Benefits and Barriers to Civic Engagement .............27
Academic Integrity Assessment Project at UW-Eau Claire ......64
Academic Thriving
The Coping Skills of Students Who Live Amidst Domestic
Violence .........................................................................52
Activity of Synthetic Capsaicin Analogs on The Vanilloid
Receptor TRPV1 .................................................................36
Aerosol-Phase Assisted Digestion for the Analysis of Lead in
Sweeteners...........................................................................44
African American Women In The Media .................................63
Alternative Packaging for the Cosmetic Industry .....................62
Altruism and Gender in Contemporary Culture........................53
An Analysis of the Effectiveness of Bilingual Education on
Math, Reading, and Language Development.......................64
An Interactive Software Application for Finite Sets .................24
Analysis of the Closure Characteristics of Spiralaterals ...........61
Analysis of the Fragile Prickly Pear Using RAPD Technique..34
Analysis of Wireless Man-in-the-Middle Attacks ....................58
Anderson, Rachel......................................................................22
Anderson, Warren.....................................................................65
Applewhite, Katie.....................................................................49
Artificial tissue development of trophoblast cells on threedimensional scaffolds induce phenotypic changes and cell
differentiation modeling human placental tissue behavior. .37
Artist-In-Residence Exploration in Painting Cellular Abstraction
...............................................................................................9
Asp, Katie .................................................................................38
Assessing the Correlation Between Learning Styles and Practice
Techniques of Voice Students .............................................64
Azo Dye-Degrading Bacteria....................................................38
C
Capocasa, Kelli ........................................................................ 54
Capturing the Moment After Meditation on a Beach ................. 9
Carrell, Julie ............................................................................. 36
Carter, Amber........................................................................... 53
Cartwright, Angela ................................................................... 51
Castro, Ashley .......................................................................... 51
Chang, Cheng........................................................................... 60
Characterization of Biological Agents that Inhibit Vibrio
Species Growth ................................................................... 33
Characterizing the Promoter of the Aedes Aegypti RNR2 Gene
............................................................................................ 32
Chase, Kristina ......................................................................... 54
Children's Performance in a Short Term Spatial Memory Task
with Visual Distracters........................................................ 54
Chlamydia Infections in Adolescents and Young Adults ......... 56
Chlorine Content of Water Samples......................................... 41
Chloroplast RNA Regulatory Sequences ................................. 33
Christensen, Ellen .................................................................... 38
Civic Engagement -18 to 24 year olds
Have they given up, or have we given up on them?............ 51
Clark, Michelle......................................................................... 64
74
Electric Power Generation and Reduction of Greenhouse Gas
Emissions
Antithetical Paradigms of France and Germany.................. 48
Environmental Conditions during Recovery from the EndPermian Extinction
Comparative Analysis of Carbon Isotopes Data from China,
Japan, and Turkey.......................................................... 47
Equal Access to Healthcare among Hmong and Caucasian
Students Attitudes on the UW-Stout campus ...................... 55
Evidence of an Extreme Paleoflood in Honokoa Gulch, Hawaii
............................................................................................ 48
Examination of the Evaporation Behaviors of Water Droplets in
an Optical Trap ................................................................... 28
Exploring Communication Issues and Conflict Management in
the Workplace ..................................................................... 65
Cleveland, Chris .......................................................................24
Coenen, Ciarah ...........................................................................9
Cohabitation
UW Students Perspectives...................................................55
Comparison of Baraga's 1837 Jesus Obimadisiwin and Baraga's
1850 Katolik Enamiad.........................................................20
Cooper, Raymcia ......................................................................63
Corcoran, Mayia .......................................................................24
Counseling Parents of Children with Childhood Apraxia of
Speech .................................................................................58
Crime in Eau Claire, WI
The Effects of Social Disorganization on a Nonmetropolitan
City.................................................................................21
Croswell, Amy..........................................................................36
Crownhart, Andrea Kay............................................................63
Cuba Beyond the Embargo
The Failure of the Cuban Embargo .....................................63
Culturally Sensitive Infrastructure Design in Developing Cities
A Case Study in Kandy, Sri Lanka................................20, 32
Cummins, Tina .........................................................................54
Cyberbullying
A Qualitative Study of Social and Emotional Responses. ...51
Czarnecki, Alex ........................................................................52
F
Fabrication of Copper Integrated Circuit Interconnects ........... 22
Factor Analysis of Orthographic Tasks of Reading.................. 52
Fanning, Maria ................................................................... 28, 55
Feazell, Rodney........................................................................ 44
Felten, Laura ............................................................................ 54
Flanagan, Anthony ................................................................... 25
Mercury in Water................................................................ 43
Fluoride Content of Bottled Water ........................................... 42
Forensic Investigation Training in Honduras ........................... 51
Fuzzy Furry Friends ................................................................. 31
D
Dasovic, Mark ..........................................................................58
Daubert, Nicole.........................................................................47
Davis, Serena............................................................................49
Depositional Analysis of the Mississippian Loyalhanna
Formation in Southwestern Pennsylvania............................46
Design by City Sense................................................................24
Developing Instructional Animations for Three Artificial
Intelligence Algorithms .......................................................23
DeWolf, Scott ...........................................................................28
Dierich, Christopher .................................................................27
District and CESA Support for School-Based SLP's Literacy
Roles....................................................................................57
Does it Come in Green?............................................................40
Doney, Ryan .............................................................................60
Downey, Jade ...........................................................................54
Doyel, Courtney........................................................................64
Dramaturgy for in Theit Own Words
A Vietnam Chronicle...........................................................62
Duhac, Samuel..........................................................................65
Dussault, Christine....................................................................64
G
Gallica, Heidi ........................................................................... 43
Galston, Lynn........................................................................... 45
Galway, Ireland and La Crosse, Wisconsin
A Comparative Study Through Visual Sociology............... 49
Ganther, Erica .......................................................................... 57
Gapinski, James........................................................................ 19
Gendered Words and Their Contemporary Usage.................... 50
Gene Expression Profiles of Monocytic Cells Exposed to
Amphotericin B................................................................... 36
Genetic Analysis of North American Yellow Perch Strains..... 27
Genetic Analysis of the Modular Model for a DNA-binding
protein ................................................................................. 32
Genetic Characterization of Rhodobacter Sphaeroides Lon
Protease Pysiological Role.................................................. 33
Genocide of the Quechuan People during the Years of Terrorism
in Peru (1980-1992) ............................................................ 21
Geologic Evolution of the Whitesail Lake Map Area
Structure, Geochemistry, and Geochronology .................... 46
Gibson, Kyle ............................................................................ 51
Giffin, Matthew........................................................................ 51
Gleeson, Amber........................................................................ 61
Gonyo, Ashley.......................................................................... 57
Goss, Tammy ........................................................................... 20
Gragg, Brittany......................................................................... 53
Grosek, James .......................................................................... 37
Ground Penetrating Radar Investigations of the Tahquamenon
River Basin, Michigan
E
Effect of a Personal Trainer on Attitudes Towards Physical
Activity on College Aged Women ......................................57
Effect of Human Trails on Avifauna in a Tropical Ecosystem .39
Effects of Parental Use of Methamphetamine on Children.......54
Ekenstedt, Matthew ..................................................................24
Ek-Pangerl, Katie......................................................................41
Ekphrastic Poetry
The Language of Visual Art ................................................19
Elandt, Virginia ........................................................................47
75
Preliminary Results .............................................................48
K
Kahon, Jeff ............................................................................... 24
Karras, Jacob............................................................................ 53
Keller, Theresa ................................................................... 20, 32
Kenosha Water Utility
Cost Comparison of Sand and Micro-Membrane Filtration
Systems.......................................................................... 65
Kernen, Rachelle ...................................................................... 47
Kessler, Amy............................................................................ 53
Kim, Su-Yeon .......................................................................... 19
Kjos, Adam ........................................................................ 46, 47
Klausmeyer, Kevin................................................................... 44
Knabel, Sarah ........................................................................... 49
Kneeland, Arthur................................................................ 23, 35
Koehler, Rachel........................................................................ 27
Kohel, Christopher ................................................................... 47
Kokke, Gregory........................................................................ 44
Kopitzke, Steven ...................................................................... 43
Koslov, David .......................................................................... 63
Kouraichi, Hatem ..................................................................... 19
Kramer, Dominic...................................................................... 61
Krenn, Tom .............................................................................. 59
Krezoski, Gillian ...................................................................... 46
Kwong, Mei Li ......................................................................... 21
H
Hachtel, Paula...........................................................................51
Hannen-Starr, Dan ....................................................................39
Hannum, Marc ..........................................................................34
Hansen, Janelle .........................................................................56
Hardy, Daniel ...........................................................................64
Harroun, Kasey.........................................................................44
Hazuga, Rachel.........................................................................57
Headshots Are Always Preferable
The Lunchways of Eight Graders
Manny, Dane and Milo ..................................................27
Helgesen, Ryan.........................................................................40
Henke, Steven...........................................................................20
Herbert, Stephanie ....................................................................31
Herriot, Allison...................................................................19, 22
Hilmer, Allison Rae ....................................................................9
Hinchen, Malori........................................................................22
Hinz, Adam...............................................................................51
Hoage, Tiffany....................................................................22, 35
Hoesly, Gavin ...........................................................................59
Hoffman, Theresa .....................................................................53
Homicide and Social Disorganization.......................................23
Hopke, Tammy .........................................................................50
Horst, Jesse ...............................................................................61
Hotujec, Jason...........................................................................59
How Social Service Providers Impact Juveniles in the Criminal
Justice System .....................................................................51
Howard, Stanley .......................................................................21
Hydrocode Simulations of Impacts in the Outer Solar System.20
Hydrologic Investigation of Seasonal Wetlands at the
Chiwaukee Prairie, Wisconsin.............................................40
L
Last Train to Nibroc in Rehearsal .............................................. 9
Latinos in St. Paul, MN
1980 - 2000 ......................................................................... 49
Lavender, Jennifer.................................................................... 33
Lawler, Cassandra .................................................................... 61
Lawton, Joseph......................................................................... 24
Lee, Tong ................................................................................. 33
Legler, Nicholas ....................................................................... 26
Lenon, Theresa......................................................................... 48
Liesch, Patrick.......................................................................... 43
Lind, Heather ........................................................................... 47
Lohman, Dawn......................................................................... 42
Lokken, James.................................................................... 22, 35
Long, Melissa........................................................................... 31
Longterm.................................................................................. 37
Lyche, Jill................................................................................. 57
Lynch, Mary............................................................................. 57
I
Identifying Chemicals that Alter Zebrafish Pigment ................35
Integration of CAD and GIS
Modeled Changes in Pervious/Impervious Surfaces and the
Affects on Surface Runoff at the University of
Wisconsin-Eau Claire.....................................................49
Iron, Lead and Nitrate Content of Bottled-Water and WellWater Samples.....................................................................42
Is Your Windows Computer Secure?........................................60
Italy, Iberia and the Americas
Reconstructing the Baroque.................................................27
M
MacLuarin, Catherine............................................................... 47
Males and Eating Disorders
A Study of College Male Attitudes ..................................... 55
Mano III, Quintino ................................................................... 52
Marciniak, John........................................................................ 32
Margolies, Lauren .................................................................... 57
Martin, Caroline ....................................................................... 37
Martin, Todd ............................................................................ 58
Matteson, Lindsay .................................................................... 53
Mays, Quiana ........................................................................... 65
McManama, Zoe ...................................................................... 41
J
Jensen, Ryan .............................................................................58
Johnson, Mindy ........................................................................37
Johnson, Molly .........................................................................58
Johnson, Susan .........................................................................48
Jones, Lindsay ..........................................................................33
Jones, Sarah ..............................................................................26
Jorstad, Brye .............................................................................34
Jungwirth, Andrew ...................................................................23
76
Mendoza, Juan ..........................................................................26
Menzia, Anthony ......................................................................62
Miyazawa, Teruyasu...................................................................9
Moldenhauer, Ryan ..................................................................60
Molnar, Mike............................................................................48
Moment of Pause
A Breath in an Urban Place .................................................31
Monitoring Galloway Creek ...............................................23, 35
Monochromatic Portraiture.......................................................63
Morris, Mavericko ....................................................................60
Moua, GaoShue ........................................................................61
Museum For Frank Lloyd Wright Exhibits
A Celebration of Design......................................................25
Museum of Modern Design ........................................................9
Myers, Miranda ........................................................................38
Vaginal, Oral, and Anal Sex among Young College Couples
....................................................................................... 54
Pettis, Maxine........................................................................... 41
Petty, Ryan ............................................................................... 22
Phosphate Concentrations in the Red Cedar Watershed........... 41
Pirova, Love ............................................................................. 54
Pitts, Kristen............................................................................. 39
Pitzer, Juli................................................................................. 21
Primary Nervous Tissue Grown and Potential Development in
3D Cultures ......................................................................... 38
Professional Learning Communities ........................................ 64
Public User Authentication in Education Data Networks......... 59
R
Racine Zoological Society Disaster Contingency Plan ............ 65
Reactions of Dithioparbamates, Xanthates and Dithiophosphates
With Naphthyl Telluruim Trichloride ................................. 44
Rea-Garcia, Daniel ................................................................... 64
Reed, Suzanne .......................................................................... 46
Re-evaluation of the Depositional Environment of Devils Island
Sandstone, Keweenawan Rift, Northern Wisconsin............ 45
Regan, Erin............................................................................... 45
Reidy, Anna Christine .............................................................. 27
Remiker, Mark ......................................................................... 53
Reschenberg, Kristin ................................................................ 23
Response of Ground Dwelling Invertebrates to Changes in
Prairie Community Composition ........................................ 36
Reyes, Ysai............................................................................... 62
Robinson, Neil.......................................................................... 60
Ruffert, Courtney ..................................................................... 57
Rule Governed Behavior.......................................................... 52
Runge, Nathaniel...................................................................... 58
Rust, Ann ................................................................................. 55
Rust, Anna Christine ................................................................ 28
N
Nawikas, Joseph .......................................................................47
Neville, Nathan.........................................................................60
Nothem, Mitchell......................................................................47
O
O Donnell, Megan ....................................................................65
Obr, Alison ...............................................................................36
Obstacles to Adequate Prenatal Care among African American
Adolescents
The Perspectives of Health Professionals......................28, 55
Obstacles to Adequate Prenatal Care Among African-American
Adolescents .........................................................................22
Oliver, Laura.............................................................................31
Olson, Carol Ann......................................................................52
Olson, Eric................................................................................39
On the Strength of Tribo-Induced Emission of Charged Particles
from Mono-Crystalline Silicon Surfaces Scratched with
Diamond Styli .....................................................................62
Organic Silicates as Potential Biosignatures.............................43
Orlofske, Sarah .........................................................................40
Otto, Carolyn ............................................................................61
Over One Hundred Years of History
The Evolution of Movie Theatres in Eau Claire, WI, 18832005 ...............................................................................21
S
Sainski, Amy ............................................................................ 34
Samz, Alloys ............................................................................ 61
Schaaf, Tory ............................................................................. 38
Schenck, Katryn ....................................................................... 54
Scherrer, Lisa Michelle ............................................................ 56
Schiller, Ashley ........................................................................ 55
Schlafke, Travis........................................................................ 59
Schroeder, Melanie................................................................... 51
Schwerbel, Brint....................................................................... 47
Securing the Home Network. The Bad Packet Stops Here...... 59
Self-Selection of Early Vs. Late College Psychology
Participation Pool Volunteers ............................................. 24
Semantic Networks with Relations as Nodes, Allowing
Relational Hierarchy, Abstraction, and Instantiation .......... 60
Serigos, George ........................................................................ 65
Shah, Dipen.............................................................................. 65
Siems Roberson, Emily ............................................................ 31
Simson, Edward ....................................................................... 59
Single Working Low-Income Mothers and the Lack of
Sufficient Government Entitlement Programs .................... 54
Singleton, Felita ....................................................................... 27
P
Packard, Charles .......................................................................38
Painter, Sara L. .........................................................................65
Parental Attachment and the Relationship it has in School
Success for Hmong Students ...............................................50
Parents Perspectives on how Divorce has Affected their
Children? .......................................................................28, 55
Patel, Sarju................................................................................19
Paulson, Deborah......................................................................55
Pearson, Tim.............................................................................38
Pechman, Alicia........................................................................53
Performance Equivalencies Across Two Measures of Phonology
.............................................................................................58
Personal and Relationship Predictors of Intimate Sexual Activity
77
Smith, Andrew..........................................................................42
Sorenson, Cora .........................................................................58
Spahn, Ashley.....................................................................22, 35
Species Concepts in Eocronartium ...........................................39
SSCP as a Molecular Diagnostic Technique for the Detection of
Plant Pathogens` ..................................................................34
Stalinism and Memory..............................................................21
Steffen, Elizabeth......................................................................54
Stocco, Corey ...........................................................................53
Stoltz, John ...............................................................................47
Stoneberg, Eric .........................................................................21
Stratigraphy of John Peaks, Iskut River area, Northwestern
British Columbia
Illuminating the Geologic History and Mineral Potential....46
Strommer, Christina..................................................................55
Strube, Nick..............................................................................31
Structural-magmatic Evolution of the Helena Salient...............47
Structure/Function Analysis of a PfpI/DJ-1/Hsp31 Protein
Family Member ...................................................................34
Strycker, Christina ....................................................................52
Sykora, Benjamin .....................................................................45
Synthesis and Characterization of Benzoimidazole Based
Heterocycles ........................................................................44
Synthesis of Alkyl-Thio Schiff Bases and Their Reactions with
Transition and Main Group Metals......................................44
Tseffos, Alexandra ................................................................... 25
Turtleback Jacket ..................................................................... 31
Twisting the Truth
On Henry James's................................................................ 19
T
Waggoner, Joseph .................................................................... 59
Wallace, Geena ........................................................................ 55
Watercott, Nina ........................................................................ 37
Weber, Nathan.......................................................................... 25
Weiker, Dustin ......................................................................... 59
Weiss, Brooke .......................................................................... 42
Wetlands Delineation of the Willow Swamp, University of
Wisconsin - Parkside........................................................... 41
Wheeler, Eliza .......................................................................... 40
Whitemarsh, Holly ..................................................................... 9
Who is the winner in the race ................................................... 24
Wieczorek, Agatha ................................................................... 31
Will Increasing Hip Strength Decrease Patellofemoral Pain? .. 57
Wilson, Stephanie .................................................................... 58
Winter, Laura ........................................................................... 57
Wireless Network Insecurities
A Local Perspective. ........................................................... 59
Wood, Jackie ............................................................................ 33
Wood, Sara............................................................................... 61
Wyss, Jennifer .......................................................................... 57
U
Understanding Zebrafish Pigment Formation Through
Functional Genomics .................................................... 22, 35
UW-Milwaukee Sports Village
A Prospect for Identity and Revitalization .......................... 31
UW-Stout Network Traffic Analysis........................................ 59
V
Vadnais, Scott .......................................................................... 60
Valaske, Rebecca ............................................................... 22, 35
Van Ghemm, Veronique .......................................................... 26
Van Straten, Angela ................................................................. 44
VanDeLoo, Joy ........................................................................ 55
VandeSlunt, Joe.......................................................................... 9
Vang, Fathy.............................................................................. 50
Vermes, Jonathan ..................................................................... 59
W
Tatay, Jacob..............................................................................33
Teratology
Testing of synthetic compounds for apoptosis-inducing capacity
reveals a specific cell-death pathway...................................37
The Benefits of Eliminating Unlimited Access of Cattle to a
Riparian Ecosystem.............................................................26
The Effects of a UV Gradient on Phytoplankton in an Alpine
Lake.....................................................................................39
The Effects of Social Facilitation and Reward Contingency on
Reaction Time .....................................................................53
The Effects of Strain Counterstrain in Reducing Sensory Pain
Due to Tender Points...........................................................57
The Legality of File Sharing.....................................................60
The Maillard Reaction of the Meteoritic Amino Acids ............42
The Pinellas County Project .....................................................47
The Role of Saints in My Recent Ceramic Works. ...................25
The Turn of the (Sexually-Hysterical) Screwball .....................22
Thomas, John............................................................................60
Thomas, William ......................................................................63
Thompson, Kyle .......................................................................60
Topczewski, Joseph ..................................................................44
Torkelson, Chad........................................................................58
Traber, William ........................................................................65
Tradition and Contemporary
Museum for Frank Lloyd Wright Exhibits ..........................26
Transmission Electron Microscopy of High Aspect Ratio IC
Interconnects .......................................................................45
Transportation Model for Emergency Flooding Situations.......61
Traynor, Amber ..................................................................28, 55
Treffert, Heidi...........................................................................65
Trombly, Neil ...........................................................................48
X
Xiong, Avie.............................................................................. 55
Xiong, Lee................................................................................ 42
Y
Yellow Wall Paper ................................................................... 19
You Didn't Tell Me You Were Already Seeing Someone!
Deception in Young Adult Opposite-Sex Friendship.......... 53
78
79

TABLE OF CONTENTS - University of Wisconsin

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