Philippine Department of Tourism

Philippine Department of Tourism
Destination Branding Through “It’s More Fun in the
Philippines”
Terrell Levine
Master of Arts in Law & Diplomacy, 2015
Levine 1
PHILIPPINE DEPARTMENT OF TOURISM:
DESTINATION BRANDING THROUGH
“IT’S MORE FUN IN THE PHILIPPINES”
In November 2013, Philippine Department of Tourism (DoT) Secretary Ramon Jimenez sat
in his office along Senator Gil Puyat Avenue in Manila’s Makati business district. Two years ago, he
was appointed to the post and tasked with increasing international tourist arrivals to the country. A
former advertising executive, he had previously worked with brands including Cebu Pacific Airlines,
Ivory Soap, and San Miguel Beer. During his tenure as Secretary, he successfully launched the
innovative “It’s More Fun in the Philippines” marketing campaign to build awareness for the
country’s vast tourism product. There was reason to celebrate, between 2011 and 2013 international
tourist arrivals increased 19% to 4.7 million visitors and US$ 4.4 billion1 in tourism spending flowed
into the country. However, the prospect of reaching the DoT’s goal of 10 million visitors by 2016
seemed unclear. And at that very moment Typhoon Yolanda was brewing just off the coast with the
city of Tacloban directly in its path.
I. BACKGROUND INFORMATION
The Philippines is an archipelago of 7,107 islands located to the east of the South China Sea
and west of the Pacific Ocean (Exhibit 1). The country is divided into three major islands groups:
Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao. Filipino (which is based on the Tagalog dialect) is the official
national language and English is widely spoken. Major ethnic dialects include: Tagalog, Cebuano,
Ilocano, Hiligaynon, Bicol, Waray, Pampango, and Pangasian2. The country is predominantly
Tourism Statistics. 15 January 2015. 15 March 2015 <http://www.tourism.gov.ph/Pages/IndustryPerformance.aspx>.
CIA. The World Factbook, Philippines. 01 January 2015. 18 March 2015
2 CIA. The World Factbook, Philippines. 01 January 2015. 18 March 2015
<https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/print/country/countrypdf_rp.pdf>.
1
2
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Catholic (82.9%) with other religious populations including Muslim (5%), Evangelical (2.8%), and
Iglesia ni Kristo (2.3%)3. According to the World Bank, the Philippines’ population is 100.1 million
(2014) making it the 13th most populous nation in the world. Major urban areas include: Manila
(11.9 million), Davao (1.6 million), Cebu City (855,000), and Zamboanga (884,000).
Important societal indicators are provided in Table 1. The government’s Philippine
Development Plan 2011-20164 emphasizes a path to inclusive growth for the entire population
through maintaining high economic growth rates, increasing job numbers, and reducing poverty.
The World Bank classifies the Philippines as a ‘lower middle income’ country developing in the Asia
Pacific region. Transparency International has recognized the country’s significant strides to combat
corruption. In 2014, the organization’s Corruption Perceptions Index ranked the country 85th out of
175 nations, up from 94 (2013) and 105 (2012). The ranking placed Denmark as the least corrupt
country in the world. North Korea and Somalia rank as most corrupt5.
Table 1: Societal Indicators, Philippines
Median age
Population growth rate
Birth rate
Urban population percentage
Rate of urbanization
Infant mortality rate
Literacy rate (those over the age of 15 with
ability to read/write)
Health expenditures
Education expenditures
23.5 years
1.81%
24.24 births/l,000 population
48.8%
2.16% (2010-15 estimation)
17.64 deaths/1,000 live births
95.4%
4.1% of GDP
2.7% of GDP
Source: CIA. The World Factbook, Philippines. 01 January 2015. 18 March 2015
CIA. Ibid.
National Economic and Development Authority. Philippine Development Plan 2011-2016. 01 January 2011. 15
5 Causuay, Angela. "PH perceived to be less corrupt – 2014 global survey." Rappler. Manila, 15 January 2015.
CIA. The World Factbook, Philippines. 01 January 2015. 18 March 2015 3
4
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The Philippines was a Spanish colony for more than three centuries, influences can be seen
today through language, culture, architecture, etc. In 1898, the country was ceded to the US at the
end of the Spanish-American War. In 1935, the country became a self-governing commonwealth in
preparation for independence6. In 1942, the Japanese began wartime occupation of the Philippines
before it gained independence in 1946. The 1950’s and 1960’s were marked by poverty, corruption,
and social unrest. In 1986, President Ferdinand Marcos was forced into exile after his controversial
20-year rule. Corazon Aquino the widow of a murdered opposition leader assumed the presidency.
In 1992, Fidel Ramos was elected and his administration as marked by stability and economic
progress. The presidencies of Joseph Estrada and Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo were marked by serious
corruption allegations and at the same point economic stability. In 2010, Benigno Aquino was
elected to the Presidency. According to his office, he has been:
[T]he catalyst for unprecedented economic growth, which has trickled down to the margins
of society through improved government services, reforms in the education system, and
conditional cash transfers for the poor; an inspired campaign for good governance and
justice as evidenced by the prosecution of corrupt and abusive government officials; and the
empowerment of every citizen so that they may participate in building a nation of hope and
opportunity.7
President Aquino is also credited with ushering in pro-tourism policy to the Philippines. In a 2012
speech he asserted: "Tourism is one of the sectors we are paying particular attention to, because it is
one in which we can successfully pursue our agenda of inclusive growth, given the multiplier effect
on jobs and the amount of money it brings into our country."8 That same year Secretary Jimenez
echoed this sentiment: “We are living in exciting times. This is the first time we have a President,
CIA. Ibid.
Office of the President. "Presidential Biography." 01 January 2015. Office of the President of the Philippines. 18 March
2015 <http://president.gov.ph/biography/>.
8 Office of Presidential Communication Operations. Acquino cites tourism as country's engine of growth. Manila, 7 July
2012.
6
7
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His Excellency Benigno Aquino III, who fully supports tourism. It is the vision of the country to
rebuild a vibrant tourism industry.”9
The Philippine Economy
As the Asian Development Bank describes: “The Philippines has demonstrated resilience
amidst a difficult external environment, in contrast to the regional trend. Benefiting from sound
economic fundamentals and a highly skilled workforce, the economy has posted steady growth over
the past 5 years, reaching near-record highs in 2013.” For the past few years, annual GDP growth
rates for the country have been strong10:
Table 2: Philippine GDP Growth, 2010-2013
2010
2011
Philippines
7.6%
3.7%
2012
6.8%
2013
7.2%
Source: The World Bank. World Bank Data. January 2015. <http://data.worldbank.org/country/philippines#cp_wdi>.
The country’s 2013 GDP figure totaled US$ 272.1 billion reflecting a real growth rate of
6.8%. GDP per capita is estimated at $4,70011. GDP is represented by agriculture (11%), industry
(32%), and services (57%). Correspondingly, labor force employment is agriculture (32%), industry
(15%), and services (53%). Major industries include textiles, pharmaceuticals, chemicals and wood
products. Agriculture products include rice, coconuts, sugarcane, as well as pork and fish. Exports
include electronic equipment, machinery, garments, and coconut products. According the
Philippines Statistics Authority, tourism represents 5.9% of GDP. Economic challenges for the
country include governance, infrastructure, attracting foreign investment, and easing the ability to do
business.
Ehrlich, Richard. "Special report: Philippines tourism, a tough sell?" CNN. Manila, 11 February 2012.
The World Bank. World Bank Data. 01 January 2015. 15 March 2015
<http://data.worldbank.org/country/philippines#cp_wdi>.
11 CIA. Ibid. 9
10
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Strong growth in the services sector as well as the remittances sent home from five million
Filipinos working abroad likely contribute to the country’s economic viability and stability. Since
2010, the country moved up 33 places in the World Economic Forum’s Global Competitive Index12.
This jump indicates that the country has made significant improvements to drive economic growth,
productivity, and prosperity13.
In 2014, World Bank President Jim Yong Kim highlighted the country as “the next
economic miracle in Asia,” and many international media outlets have echoed similar sentiments:
The Economist: The Philippines is on an infrastructure binge: 57 projects are in the pipeline
(though contracts have been awarded for only seven) and next year’s budget allots 562.3
billion pesos ($12.8 billion), around 4% of GDP, to infrastructure, with a further 802.9
billion pesos planned for 2016. The splurge is an attempt to maintain economic growth fed
in part by a recent surge of foreign direct investment (FDI). Money flowing into the country
has tripled since 2010, when Benigno Aquino was elected for a non-renewable six-year term
as president.14
The Wall Street Journal: While China and other Asian economies are looking at easing
monetary policy to spur growth, the Philippines is moving in a different direction, casting off
its long-held reputation as the "Sick Man of Asia."15
Financial Times: The Asian Development Bank expects the Philippine economy to grow 6.4
per cent this year, the highest in the region after China.16
Rivera, Danessa. "PHL is most improved country in global competitiveness – WEF report More from:
http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/377550/economy/business/phl-is-most-improved-country-in-globalcompetitiveness-wef-report ." GMA News Network. Manila, 3 September 2014.
13 World Economic Forum. The Global Competitiveness Report 2014-2015. Report. World Economic Forum. Geneva:
WEF, 2014.
14 The Economist. "Coming up jasmine." The Economist. Manila, 13 August 2014.
15 Larano, Cris. "As Economy Soars, Philippines No Longer 'Sick Man of Asia'." Wall Street Journal. Manila, 28 August
2014.
16 Noble, Josh. "Philippine economy defies Asian slowdown." Financial Times. Manila, 19 January 2015. 12
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Generally, in the past 5 years the Philippines has done very well economically and growth has
accelerated. That said, issues surrounding corruption, infrastructure, and country image remain
impediments to future success. These characteristics are significant influencers to the tourism
industry.
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II. TOURISM IN THE PHILIPPINES
In 2003, the Philippines had 1.9 million foreign tourist arrivals and in the past decade this
figure has more than doubled. Exhibit 2 displays upward growth in visitor arrivals between 1960
and 2011. In 2011, tourism contributed PhP 571.3 billion to the Philippine economy or 5.9% of
GDP17. However, according the Philippines Statistics Authority: “For every 10 tourists who visited
the Philippines from 2008 to 2010, 15 tourist went to Vietnam, 20 tourists went to Indonesia, 26
tourists went to Singapore, 44 tourists went to Thailand, and 70 tourists went to Malaysia.”18 While
the Philippines has an abundance of tourism offerings, it operates in a highly competitive tourism
environment with extremely well-funded competitors such as Malaysia, Indonesia, and Singapore.
This situation makes differentiation essential in order to stay competitive.
Tourism Offerings
Lonely Planet19 recognizes the abundance of activities and destinations within the country:
“The Philippines is defined by its emerald rice fields, teeming mega-cities, graffiti-splashed jeepneys,
smoldering volcanoes, bug-eyed tarsiers, fuzzy water buffalo and smiling, happy-go-lucky people.”
Exhibit 3 displays a variety of tourism product in the Philippines. A few major destinations include:
•
Banaue: An eight-hour bus ride from Manila, the 2,000 year-old rice terraces of Banaue are
set into the Ifugao Mountains and fed by ancient irrigation systems. Filipinos commonly
refer to the site as the “Eighth Wonder of the World.”20
Philippine Statistics Authority. Contribution of Tourism Industry to the Economy. Manila, 26 November 2012.
Philippine Statistics Authority. Philippine Tourism: When will we know that, indeed, It Is More Fun In The
Philippines? Manila, 6 June 2012.
19 Lonely Planet. Introducing Philippines. 1 January 2015. 16 March 2015 <http://www.lonelyplanet.com/philippines>
20 Philippines Statistics Authority. "Sexy Statistics." 6 June 2012. Philippine Tourism: When will we know that, indeed, It
Is More Fun In The Philippines? 19 March 2015 <http://www.nscb.gov.ph/sexystats/2012/SS20120606_tourism.asp
>.
17
18
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•
Bohol21: Known for wide-eyed tarsiers and the Chocolate Hills (Exhibit 3), an area with
1,000+ hills covered in grass that turns brown during the dry season, Bohol provides a
wealth of travel options. The diving on nearby Panglao Island is also a draw.
•
Boracay: Consistently voted to Travel + Leisure’s “Best Beaches” list, Boracay is one of the
Philippines best-known destinations. The island provides pristine beaches, activities
including island hopping, and numerous restaurants/clubs.
•
Cebu22: Cebu is the third largest city in the Philippines and the central hub of the Visayas
region. Just outside the city, the beaches and water activities abound on islands and local
resorts.
•
Manila: The gateway to the Philippines, most visitors fly through this capital city before
venturing to other destinations. Metro Manila is actually composed of 16 cities. Intramuros,
the walled ‘old’ city, provides a glimpse into the Spanish colonial period.
•
Palawan: Also an alumnus of Travel + Leisure’s “Best Islands” list, Palawan received a
strong endorsement from the publication: “This lightly populated archipelago of 1,780
islands makes a splashy debut on the World’s Best Islands list by nabbing the No. 1 title
thanks to its unspoiled beauty, abundant wildlife, and seascapes, which T+L readers deemed
second to none.”
•
Puerto Princesa23: The main attraction of this green city is the Puerto Princesa
Subterranean River, an 8.2km underground river beneath a mountain range. This area is a
UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the New 7 Wonders of the World.
Visitors To The Philippines
In 2011, foreign visitor arrivals to the Philippines totaled 3.9 million people, an 11.5%
increase over 2010. As Table 2 indicates, major inbound groups came from East Asia and North
Lonely Planet. Introducing Bohol. 1 January 2015. 15 March 2015 <http://www.lonelyplanet.com/philippines/thevisayas/bohol>.
22 Lonely Planet. Introducing Cebu. 1 January 2015. 15 March 2015 <http://www.lonelyplanet.com/philippines/thevisayas/cebu >.
23 Philippine Department of Tourism. Top Destinations: Puerto Princesa. 1 November 2014. 17 March 2015
<http://itsmorefuninthephilippines.com/puerto-princesa/>.
21
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America. Top arrival countries included: South Korea (925,204), USA (624,527), Japan (375,496),
China (243,137), Australia and UK (104,466).
TABLE 2: INTERNATIONAL ARRIVALS TO THE PHILIPPINES
2011
2010
2009
Grand Total
3,926,633
3,520,471
3,017,099
ASEAN
335,222
298,176
255,586
East Asia
1,842,133
1,563,013
1,202,995
South Asia
62,961
50,914
46,960
Middle East
55,829
48,716
46,811
North America
743,448
707,705
682,696
Central America
South America
4,208
3,650
3,597
Western Europe
158,393
149,193
138,946
Northern Europe
164,205
150,178
138,950
Southern Europe
33,531
32,388
29,281
Eastern Europe
27,171
21,821
16,522
Eastern Mediterranean Europe
7,651
7,411
6,141
Oceania
228,144
203,211
185,014
Africa
4,193
3,584
3,082
Others and Unspecified Residences
52,392
52,066
62,597
Overseas Filipinos
207,152
228,445
197,921
2008
3,139,422
254,077
1,370,059
43,662
36,615
681,922
3,505
134,663
136,260
30,986
16,819
174,583
3,317
53,531
195,287
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority. Tourism Statistics. 15 November 2014. 16 March 2015
<http://www.nscb.gov.ph/secstat/d_tour.asp >.
In 2010 the average length of stay for foreign visitors was 7.83 days and for Overseas
Filipinos24 it was 13.7 days.
Competitive Landscape
The World Economic Forum’s ASEAN Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2012 (TTCI)
recognizes that: “The Southeast Asia region has many assets to lure the visitor. It boasts some of
the world’s most spectacular landscapes and attractions, vast ecosystems with stunning wildlife, and
rich culture and history.”25 ASEAN has no trouble attracting visitors and it is estimated that 76.9
24
25
A person of Filipino origin that lives outside oft he Philippines.
World Economic Forum. ASEAN Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2012. Report. Geneva: WEF, 2012.
Levine 10
million international tourists ventured to the region in 201126. The economic benefit for ASEAN
was robust, 2011 international tourism receipts totaled US$ 68.6 billion27. However, each country
and their respective tourism authorities were and continue to be challenged to differentiate their
tourism experience within ASEAN and capture the greatest portion of the industry’s pie.
Exhibit 3 details visitor arrival figures from 1979-2010 for Malaysia, Thailand, Singapore,
Vietnam and the Philippines. Table 3 indicates the increases in arrivals for each of these countries
between 2000 and 2010.
2000
2010
% Change
Malaysia
10,222
24,577
140%
Table 3: ASEAN Visitor Arrival Figures
Thailand Singapore
Indonesia
Vietnam Philippines
9,509
7,691
5,064
1,383
1,992
15,842
9,161
7,003
5,050
3,520
67%
19%
38%
265%
77%
Source: Data for 1979-2002, UN Statistical Yearbook for Asia and the Pacific 1990, 1996 and 2003; Data for 2003-2007,
ASEAN Statistical Yearbook 2000-2008; Data for 2008-2010, World Tourism organization
There are significant jumps. Malaysia’s arrivals increase from 10 million to nearly 25 million visitors.
Vietnam nearly triples its arrivals reaching 5 million+ visitors. Thailand and the Philippines achieve
gains of 67% and 77% respectively. Comparing 2012 total ASEAN arrival figures to specific
countries, Malaysia captured 33% of total foreign ASEAN tourist arrivals, Thailand 22% and
Singapore 16%. By comparison, the Philippines’ share was 5%28.
It is clear that certain countries outperform others and the TTCI provides some insights.
This report ranked 139 countries on a variety of factors including safety and security, health and
hygiene, infrastructure, and price competitiveness. ASEAN nations held the following positions:
Singapore (10), Malaysia (35), Thailand (41), Brunei (67), Indonesia (74), Vietnam (80), Philippines
(94), and Cambodia (109). Top-ranked countries had numerous factors working in their favor.
Ibid.
Ibid.
28 Congressional Policy and Budget Research Department. Facts in Figures, The Philippines Tourism Industry. Report.
Manila: House of Representatives, 2014.
26
27
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Singapore’s strong economy, governance, and transparency was a strong asset for the development
of the tourism industry. In Malaysia and Thailand, strong air transport (number of departures,
airport density, and number of operating airlines, as well as the quality of infrastructure for both
domestic and international flights) was critical to tourism success. The TTCI also asserted that some
countries were more ‘open’ to tourism; this was measured as tourism expenditures and receipts as a
percentage of GDP. According to the report: “Singapore is the most open of ASEAN countries,
with combined tourism expenditures and receipts equivalent to 13.7 percent of its GDP (15th),
followed by Cambodia (11.8 percent, 16th) and Malaysia (11.5 percent, 18th). Tourism openness is
minimal in Indonesia, with receipts and expenditures representing just 2.1 percent of GDP
(115th).”29 The region generally was extremely price competitive as a world tourism destination.
Effective marketing campaigns contribute to tourism success and some ASEAN countries
have been quite successful. Two contemporary examples include “Malaysia, Truly Asia” and
“Amazing Thailand.” The former effectively communicates the idea that Malaysia provides a multifaceted glimpse into the Asian experience. Positive imagery emphasizes a “distinctive, colorful, and
exciting” experience in Malaysia (Exhibit 4). “Amazing Thailand” presents the destination as a
completely new, unique experience. Marketing efforts seem to be working and in 2013 Time
reported that Bangkok was the most-visited city in the world30. Table 4 provides additional
information on the success of these campaigns.
Campaign
Table 4: Competitor Country Marketing Campaigns
What Worked
What Challenges Were Overcome
29 World
Economic Forum. ASEAN Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2012. Report. Geneva: WEF, 2012. Kristene. And the World’s No. 1 Tourist Destination Is …. 1 June 2013. 16 March 2015
<http://newsfeed.time.com/2013/06/01/bangkok-claims-the-worlds-no-1-tourist-destination-title/>.
30 Quan,
“Malaysia, Truly Asia”
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•
•
“Amazing Thailand”
•
•
Captures distinct elements of
the brand, country’s rich
heritage and diversity
Positive, peaceful imagery led
to positive associations
Simple, catchy slogan
Diverse product offerings
support message
•
•
•
Natural disasters
Economic crisis
Regional Competition
•
•
Natural disasters
Political complications
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III. MARKETING THE PHILIPPINES
The Department of Tourism is the primary government agency working to attract tourists to
the Philippines. As previously mentioned, the country has numerous offerings for visitors as well as
serious challenges to overcome. The DoT utilizes multi-year marketing campaigns (what they deem
brands) to build awareness for the destination.
Department Of Tourism History
Formalized promotion of the Philippines started with the formation of the private sector
Philippines Tourist & Travel Association in the early 1950’s. In 1956, the Philippine Congress
created the Board of Travel and Tourist Industry. As part of the 1972 Integrated Reorganization
Plan, the Department of Trade and Tourism was created. This initiative recognized that tourism
was an important economic driver of the country. In 1973, President Marcos split trade and
tourism, creating a cabinet level agency for tourism. The Philippine DoT was created with two
arms, the Philippine Tourism Authority and the Philippine Convention Bureau. Today, the DoT
operates with a PhP 2.5 billion budget and has numerous offices throughout the world. Exhibit 5
details the body’s organizational structure. The Secretary oversees five main offices including Sports
and Wellness, Tourism Promotions, Security and Political Affairs, Planning, Product Development
and Coordination, and Office for Special Concerns.
Tourism Issues
The Philippines faces serious challenges in marketing the destination. As previously
highlighted, the ASEAN region is extremely competitive and some countries such as Malaysia,
Singapore, and Thailand have captured significant market share of tourist arrivals by developing
unique destination brand identity. Infrastructure issues remain a major problem. CNN has
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consistently ranked Manila Ninoy Aquino International Airport among the worst in the world; this
hub is the gateway for most international travelers to the country. The traffic in Metro Manila is
choking. And air connectivity between the country’s islands could be improved. Lastly, for
international travelers safety remains a question. On the island of Mindanao, separatist groups such
as the Moro Islamic Liberation Front and the Moro Nationalist Liberation Front has had a storied
history of skirmishes with the Philippine government. And while it is easy for tourists to avoid
certain areas of the country, these issues often cloud the overall impression of the country. Similarly,
travel warnings to the Philippines issued by foreign governments such as the United States and
United Kingdom (Exhibit 6) emphasize that certain places cannot be visited, but for first-time
travelers to the destination these warnings may drive tourists to destinations where safety and
security does not appear to be an issue.
“Wow Philippines” & “Pilipinas Kay Ganda”
In 2001, politician Richard Gordon was appointed to Secretary of Tourism as part of
President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo. He recognized that this industry was instrumental to the
Philippines’ development31 and he emphasized that: “tourism means jobs; where tourism advances,
poverty retreats.” Intent on highlighting the country’s uniqueness, his travel marketing campaign
“WOW Philippines” (Exhibit 7) recognized the numerous ‘Wonders of the World’ available in the
destination.32 At the time there was an attitude that the Philippines was behind neighbors in terms
of tourism promotion33. In addition to highlighting unique destinations as well as tourism within
Senate of the Philippines. Senator Richard "Dick" Gordon. Manila, 1 November 2014.
Reymart Arazon, Timothy Deinla, Ruzzel Evangelista. A Case Study Presented as a Partial Fulfillment of the
Requirements in Marketing Management. Case Study. Quezon City: University of the Philippines, 2014.
33 Ibid. 31
32
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golf, meetings, adventure, diving, and culture, “WOW Philippines” also aimed to influence local
politicians to understand the importance of tourism to the country.
In 2010, businessman Alberto Lim assumed the Secretary of Tourism role under President
Benigno Aquino. During his tenure, his office introduced a new marketing campaign “Pilipinas Kay
Ganda” which translates to ‘Philippines, so beautiful.’ The slogan was taken from the song “Kay
Ganda Ng Ating Musika."34 The campaign was criticized early on. Philippine media asserted that
logo bore striking similarities to that of Poland (Exhibit 7). More importantly, the campaign took a
major misstep by using Tagalog rather than English as the slogan was indecipherable for
international audiences. Widely criticized and sparsely loved, “Pilipinas Kay Ganda” was considered
a failure.
“It’s More Fun In The Philippines”
Equipped with a PhP 3.1 billion budget (2012) and the full support of President Aquino,
DoT Secretary Jimenez worked with advertising firm BBDO Guerrero to launch the ‘It’s More Fun
In The Philippines’ campaign. The firm previously crafted ‘WOW Philippines.’ David Guerrero,
the led on the campaign, came up with its idea during a diving vacation at the Calypso Resort in
Boracay, the top beach attraction in the Philippines. In his words, he realized: “[H]ow much more
fun it is to be doing the same thing here than in another country. Am I going to feel the same
enjoyment I am feeling when I’m diving here in the Philippines and when I’m doing the same thing
abroad?”35 He asserted that ‘fun’ is an inherent part of the Filipino culture and mentality; this aspect
was a point of differentiation. In conceptualizing the campaign’s logo, BBDO drew inspiration
from the banig, a Philippine woven product used for sleeping and chairs (Exhibit 8).
Dizon, David. "Pilipinas Kay Ganda: When re-branding goes bad." 24 November 2010. abs-cbnNEWS.com . 11
March 2015 <http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/nation/11/24/10/pilipinas-kay-ganda-when-re-branding-goes-bad>.
34 35 Reymart Arazon. Ibid.
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In January 2011, the campaign launched and utilized social media to create buzz. The
Department of Tourism released official meme ads (Exhibit 9) and began using the Twitter hashtag
#ItsMoreFuninThePhilippines. The DoT then empowered the country’s bloggers, social media
fans, and Facebook users to produce their own memes36 using an app and the “It’s More Fun in the
Philippines” slogan. Guidelines helped create uniformity and many creations fit within the nature,
beaches, culture, water activities, and fun categories. A few meme examples are provided below and
in Exhibit 10.
The concept caught on digitally and 10,000+ designs were created. The country has strong social
media penetration with an estimated 27 million Facebook users and 10 million Twitter users. Many
creative memes went viral and provided external audiences with a glimpse into Filipino culture. This
grassroots tactic was completely new for the DOT and many people found it to be an effective was
to both engage the public and provide them ownership in marketing the destination. The campaign
was a ‘rallying cry’ of sorts for the country to help shape brand awareness about the destination.
The DOT also utilized traditional media and trade shows to push “It’s More Fun in the
Philippines.” In April 2011, 30-second commercials appeared on CNN as well as special segments
titled “Eye on the Philippines.” On cnn.com, journalist Richard Ehrlich pressed the DOT regarding
36 Meme: a often humorous image, video, piece of text, etc. that is copied (often with slight variations) and spread
rapidly by Internet users
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the motivations behind the campaign. The following excerpts from the special report37 highlight
some interesting findings:
Yet for all its advantages, the nation of more than 7,000 islands has a big problem attracting
travelers. According to the United Nations World Tourism Association, with about 3.5
million international tourist arrivals in 2010 (its most recent published figures), the
Philippines nets just 1.7 percent of tourist arrivals in the booming Asia Pacific region, and a
mere 1.1 percent of international tourism revenues in the region.
Aside from airport concerns, however, Jimenez mostly sees a more benign problem at the
root of Philippine tourism's sluggish performance, one demanding a seemingly simple
solution. In February, Jimenez told reporters, “The biggest reason for our low numbers [of
tourist arrivals] is not our infrastructure, crime, negative reports in the media or even the
cost of flying into the Philippines.” The problem, he said, “is ignorance.” “They just haven’t
heard of the Philippines.”
A new direction, a new way of promoting the Philippines may be required, but it can be
difficult even getting officials to address perceived obstacles. When asked whether that goal
of raising foreign visitor totals to 10 million by 2016 is realistic, one overseas-based
Philippine tourism official, who asked not to be named, offered a meek: “We are doing our
best.”
The Philippine Department of Tourism promotes the country’s attractions, and there are
many to brag about. But bathing serious deficiencies with opulent adjectives and optimistic
slogans, or worse, ignoring them altogether, isn’t the same as washing away the woes.
In addition to the acclaim for the campaign and other more critical perspectives, the DoT was able
to build positive associations with the Philippines throughout social media, traditional media, and
trade shows including ITB Berlin 2012 and Arabian Travel Mart.
In terms of results, international tourist arrivals are among the most important metrics.
37
Ehrlich. Ibid.
Levine 18
Table 5 details the country’s positive results and upward trajectory.
Table 5: International Tourist Arrivals to the Philippines
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
3,520,471
3,917,454
4,272,811
4,681,307
4,833,360
Source: Tourism Statistics. 15 January 2015. <http://www.tourism.gov.ph/Pages/IndustryPerformance.aspx>.
Secretary Jimenez and the DoT have reason to celebrate these significant gains. Similarly,
international media have a piqued interest in the destination:
Conde Nast Traveller (2013): “For travellers willing to go the extra thousand miles for a
deserted beach, the Philippines has around 7,000 of the most heavenly islands in the world.
It's still not the most obvious beach-holiday destination, but it soon will be.”38
New York Times, “46 Places To Go in 2013: “ #17 Philippines: Idyllic white sand beaches,
secluded, little-known surf towns, and pristine reefs are among the natural draws of this
country made up of over 7,000 tropical islands. Now in addition to the more upscale choices
cropping up in former backpacking enclaves like Boracay, there is a new generation of luxury
hotels opening even further afield.”39
Despite these significant gains and positive impressions, a few questions remain. How can the DOT
learn from and evolve the “It’s More Fun in the Philippines” campaign? Is awareness really the
main impediment to the country’s tourism success? What about infrastructure, air connectivity, and
safety? How can the Philippines attract 10 million international visitors by 2016? And lastly, how
can the DoT respond to and overcome the challenges that come with natural disasters such as
typhoons that hit the country every year?
Conde Nast Traveller. "Destinations to Watch in 2013." 1 January 2013. cntraveller.com. 15 March 2015
<http://www.cntraveller.com/recommended/itineraries/hot-destinations-to-watch-2013/page/destinations-to-watchin-2013-philippines>.
39 New York Times. "New York Times Travel." 11 January 2013. NY Times. 13 March 2015
<http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2013/01/10/travel/2013-places-to-go.html>.
38
Levine 19
Levine 20
EXHIBIT 1: MAP OF THE PHILIPPINES
Levine 21
EXHIBIT 2: PHILIPPINES, GROWTH IN VISITOR ARRIVALS 1960-2011
Source: (Philippines Statistics Authority)
Levine 22
EXHIBIT 3: PHILIPPINES TOURISM PRODUCT PHOTOS
Rice Terraces in Banaue
Chocolate Hills of Bohol
White Beach in Boracay
Beaches of Camiguin Island
Swimming with Whale Sharks in Cebu
Intramuros Heritage Area in Manila
Surfing in Palawan
Levine 23
Puerto Princesa’s Underground River
Levine 24
EXHIBIT 3: ASEAN VISITOR ARRIVAL FIGURES 1979-2010
Countries
Malaysia
Thailand
Singapore
Indonesia
Vietnam
Philippines
TOTAL
1979
1,416
1,591
2,247
501
..
967
6,722
1980
3,342
1,859
2,562
561
..
1,008
9,332
1981
4,047
2,016
2,829
600
..
939
10,431
1982
4,536
2,218
2,957
592
..
891
11,194
1983
4,934
2,191
2,854
639
..
861
11,479
1984
5,120
2,347
2,991
701
..
817
11,976
1985
2,854
2,438
3,031
749
..
773
9,845
1986
3,217
2,818
3,191
825
..
782
10,833
1987
3,359
3,483
3,679
1,060
..
795
12,376
1988
3,624
4,231
4,186
1,301
..
1,043
14,385
1989
4,846
4,810
4,830
1,626
..
1,190
17,302
1990
7,446
5,299
5,323
2,178
..
1,025
21,271
1991
5,847
5,087
5,415
2,570
..
951
19,870
1992
6,016
5,136
5,990
3,064
..
1,153
21,359
1993
6,504
5,761
6,426
3,403
670
1,372
24,136
1994
7,197
6,166
6,899
4,006
1,018
1,574
26,860
1995
7,469
6,952
7,137
4,324
1,351
1,760
28,993
1996
7,138
7,192
7,293
5,034
975
2,049
29,681
1997
6,211
7,221
7,198
5,185
1,114
2,223
29,152
1998
5,551
7,765
6,242
4,606
978
2,149
27,291
1999
7,931
8,580
6,958
4,728
1,211
1,971
31,379
2000
10,222
9,509
7,691
5,064
1,383
1,992
35,861
2001
12,775
10,062
7,522
5,154
1,599
1,797
38,909
2002
13,292
10,799
7,567
5,033
2,628
1,933
41,252
2003
10,577
10,082
6,127
4,371
2,429
1,907
35,493
2004
15,703
11,737
8,375
5,321
2,928
2,291
46,355
2005
16,431
11,517
8,942
5,002
3,468
2,623
47,983
2006
18,472
13,822
9,752
4,871
3,583
2,843
53,343
2007
20,236
14,464
10,288
5,506
4,150
3,092
57,736
2008
22,052
14,584
7,778
6,234
4,236
3,139
58,023
2009
23,646
14,150
7,488
6,324
3,747
3,017
58,372
2010
24,577
15,842
9,161
7,003
5,050
3,520
65,153
Source: Data for 1979-2002, UN Statistical Yearbook for Asia and the Pacific 1990, 1996 and 2003; Data for 2003-2007, ASEAN Statistical Yearbook 2000-2008;
Data for 2008-2010, World Tourism organization
Levine 25
EXHIBIT 4: “MALAYSIA, TRULY ASIA”
Levine 26
EXHIBIT 5: DEPARTMENT OF TOURISM ORGANIZATIONAL CHART
Levine 27
EXHIBIT 6: TRAVEL WARNINGS
Levine 28
EXHIBIT 7: ‘WOW PHILIPPINES’ & ‘PILIPINAS KAY GANDA!’
Levine 29
EXIHIBIT 8: It’s More Fun in the Philippines
Levine 30
EXHIBIT 9: OFFICIAL MEMES
Levine 31
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Levine 32
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