How It All Started!

LUND UNIVERSiTY
MEDICAL RADIATION PHYSICS
Sven-Erik Strand
Symposium
How It All
Started!
Thursday the 29th of August, 2013
Aulan, Skånes Universitets Sjukhus, Lund
Nuclear Medicine at Medical
Radiation Physics in Lund:
30 min
Bertil RR Persson,
1971
It all started already 1906 when
John Persson emigrated from Blekinge to USA where he was
emloyed as driver By Thomas J. Watson who was founder of
IBM International Business Machines Corporation.
John Persson invested in IBM stocks which he retained until
his retierment when he returned to Sweden .
When his wife died 1963 he donated several million Swedish
krowns to Medical Cancer Research at the Lund University
2013
50 years
Celebration
The very first grant of 160 000 SEK
was given 1963 to
professor Kurt Lidén PhD (Medical Radiation Physics)
and Professor Martin Lindgren MD (RT / Oncology)
For purchases of a the first Gamma
Camera in Scandinavia.
1963 was also the beginning of the Technetium-99m Era
and the explosive research and development activity in
Radiopharmaceuticals and Nuclear Medicine that took place
at Lund University
The discovery of element 43 was finally confirmed in a December 1936
experiment at the University of Palermo in Sicily conducted by Carlo Perrier
and Emilio Segrè2] In mid-1936, Segrè visited the United States, first
Columbia University in New York and then the Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory in California. He persuaded cyclotron inventor Ernest Lawrence
to let him take back some discarded cyclotron parts that had become
radioactive. Lawrence mailed him a molybdenum foil that had been part of
the deflector in the cyclotron.
Segrè enlisted his colleague Perrier to attempt to prove, through
comparative chemistry, that the molybdenum activity was indeed from an
element with Z = 43.
They succeeded in isolating the isotopes 95m and 97.
University of Palermo officials wanted them to name their discovery
"panormium", after the Latin name for Palermo, Panormus.
In 1947 element 43 was named after the Greek word τεχνητός, meaning
"artificial", since it was the first element to be artificially produced Segrè
returned to Berkeley and met Glenn T. Seaborg.
They isolated the metastable isotope technetium-99m, 1938 which is now
used in some ten million medical diagnostic procedures annually.[
•99mTc - radiopharmaceuticals started to be developed
• in the 1960th by Jim Richards
Brookhaven National Lab New York
• Technetium was a black hole in the periodic
system before it was discovered in 1936
by Carlo Perrier and Emilio Segrè
Technetium-99m was
discovered in 1938
99mTc-generator
•was developed 1950th
At the same time during 1963 -1969 I was
engaged in studying
Nuclear weapons fallout in arctic food chains
For my thesis about radioactivity in
Lichen-reindeer-Man
55Fe, 90Sr, 134Cs, 137Cs
and 210Pb in the Biosphere.
Radiological Health Aspects of the Environmental Contamination from
Radioactive Materials in Northern Sweden
The food chain lichen-reindeer and man
Lichen
210Pb
210Po
240
200
-
Bq/kg d.w.
reindeer
0,030 Bq/kg w.w.
7
-
man
0.070 Bq / kg w.w.
0.5
1968 Liver / 1978 Lymph Node (SES)
Ebbe CEDERQUIST MD
Radio
Chemistry
Bertil
Karin W
Birgit A
Computer
Data processing
Thomas Gustavsson
Hospital
Pharmaceut
Wollmark
99Tcm
Sulfur
Colloid
Hospital Physicist
Yngve Naversten
1975 Kidney
Thomas White MD
Hospital
Pharmaceut
Wollmark
Radio
Chemistry
Bertil
Birgit
Engineering
Ingemar Larsson
99Tcm
Ascorbic Acid
Complex
Radiation Physics
Sven-Erik Strand
The scatter-diagram of the separate (dx: (dx + sin)} renal
function as determined with 131-Hippuran
versus the separate renal uptake of 99Tcm-ascorbate
about 3 hr after administration.
In the dashed regression-line the dots for patients with delayed
urinary flow marked with open circles have been excluded.
The railway iodine-123 generator
Iodine-123 has been supplied by Hans Lundquist
from the Gustaf Werner Institute at Uppsala,
where 123Xe is produced according to the reaction
I27I(p, 5n)l23Xe, by irradiating NaI with 50-60 MeV
protons.
The xenon-123 formed was transferred to a vessel
and transported to Lund by night train.
During the 700 km ride Xenon-123 had decayed
to Iodine-123. When it arrived at Lund early in the
morning, it was collected and used for Nuclear
Medical Studies at Lund University.
 440 kev
0.4 %
 529 kev
1.6 %
In the decay of Iodine-123 (T= 13.3 h) by electron capture to 123Te (stable),
characteristic X-rays of Te are also emitted. Beside the l59 keV photons
there are several high energy gamma rays emitted. The most important of
these are 440 and 529 keV, but their relative emission rates are only 0.4 and
1.6% respectively
99Tcm
Sulfur colloid
4. Aspegren K, Strand SE,
Persson BRR (1978)
QUANTITATIVE
LYMPHOSCINTIGRAPHY
FOR DETECTION OF
METASTASES TO
INTERNAL MAMMARY
LYMPH-NODES BIOKINETICS OF SULFURTC-99M COLLOID UPTAKE
AND CORRELATION WITH
MICROSCOPY. Acta
Radiologica-Therapy
Physics Biology 17: 17-26
NUCLEAR MEDICINE 1970 – 1980
R.B.R. PERSSON & K. LIDÉN (1969) 99Tcm labelled human serum albumin: A study of the
labelling procedure. Int. Journal of Applied Radiation and Isotopes, Vol. 20, pp. 241-248 (1969)
.
R.B.R. PERSSON & Y. NAVERSTEN (1970) 99Tcm-sulphide colloid preparation for scintigraphy of
the reticuloendothelial system. Acta Radiologica, Ther. Phys. Biol., Vol. 9, pp. 567-576 (1970).
E CEDERQUIST, Y. NAVERSTEN, R.B.R. PERSSON, S..E. STRAND & L. SVENSSON (1977)
Comparative Evaluation of 99Tcm and 123I for thyroid scintigraphy and uptake measurements. In
Nukleär Medizin J. in p. 631-634 (1977).
Aspegren K, Strand SE, Persson BRR (1978) QUANTITATIVE LYMPHOSCINTIGRAPHY FOR
DETECTION OF METASTASES TO
INTERNAL MAMMARY LYMPH-NODES - BIOKINETICS OF
SULFUR-TC-99M COLLOID UPTAKE AND CORRELATION WITH MICROSCOPY. Acta RadiologicaTherapy Physics Biology 17: 17-26
OLSSON PI, PERSSON BRR, STRAND S-E, STÅHLBERG F, ÖQUIST B (1981)
Thrombus detection in animals with 111In-labelled platelets Report CODEN
LUMEDW/MERI-3030/ pp 1-4
The flying pointers team in Innsbruck 1978
OLSSON Per-Ingvar, PERSSON BRR, STRAND S-E
1979
Dissertation
STUDIES ON PARAMETERS INFLUENCING QUANTITATIVE SCINTILLATION
CAMERA MEASUREMENTS OF IN VIVO RADIONUCLIDE DISTRIBUTION
Applications on functional measurements of
thyroid glads
lymph nodes and kidneys
1.
Persson RBR, Strand SE, White T (1975) ASCORBATE-TC-99M - PREPARATION, QUALITY-CONTROL AND QUANTITATIVE
RENAL UPTAKE IN MAN. International Journal of Nuclear Medicine & Biology 2: 113-122
2.
Bolmsjo MS, Persson BRR, Strand SE (1977) IMAGING I-123 WITH A SCINTILLATION CAMERA - STUDY OF DETECTION
PERFORMANCE AND QUALITY FACTOR CONCEPTS. Physics in Medicine and Biology 22: 266-277
3. Strand SE, Persson BRR (1977) DUAL PHOTOPEAK-AREA METHOD APPLIED TO SCINTILLATION CAMERA
MEASUREMENTS OF EFFECTIVE DEPTH AND ACTIVITY OF INVIVO I-123-DISTRIBUTIONS. Eur J Nucl Med 2: 121-128
4.
Aspegren K, Strand SE, Persson BRR (1978) QUANTITATIVE LYMPHOSCINTIGRAPHY FOR DETECTION OF METASTASES
TO INTERNAL MAMMARY LYMPH-NODES - BIOKINETICS OF SULFUR-TC-99M COLLOID UPTAKE AND CORRELATION
WITH MICROSCOPY. Acta Radiologica-Therapy Physics Biology 17: 17-26
5.
Persson RBR, Strand SE, Knoos T (1978) RADIOANALYTICAL STUDIES OF TC-99M-LABELLED COLLOIDS AND
MACROMOLECULES WITH GEL CHROMATOGRAPHY COLUMN SCANNING TECHNIQUE. Journal of Radioanalytical
Chemistry 43: 275-286
6.
Jonsson P, Strand SE, Dawiskiba S, Hafstrom L, Persson B (1979) PREOPERATIVE ANTIMONY-TC-99M SULFIDE COLLOID
SCINTIGRAPHY FOR IDENTIFICATION OF THE LYMPH-DRAINAGE IN PATIENTS WITH MALIGNANT MELANOMA. European
Surgical Research 11: 103-103
7.
Jonsson PE, Strand SE, Dawiskiba S, Hafstrom L, Persson B (1979) PREOPERATIVE TC-99(M)ANTIMONY SULFIDE
COLLOID SCINTIGRAPHY FOR IDENTIFICATION OF THE LYMPH-DRAINAGE IN PATIENTS WITH MALIGNANT-MELANOMA.
British Journal of Surgery 66: 885-885
8.
Persson RBR, Strand SE (1979) QUALITY-CONTROL OF TC-99M-LABELLED COLLOIDS FOR SCINTIGRAPHIC STUDIES OF
THE LYMPHATIC-SYSTEM. J Label Compd Radiopharm 16: 202-203
9. Strand SE, Persson BRR (1979) QUANTITATIVE LYMPHOSCINTIGRAPHY .1. BASIC CONCEPTS FOR OPTIMAL UPTAKE OF
RADIOCOLLOIDS IN THE PARASTERNAL LYMPH-NODES OF RABBITS. Journal of Nuclear Medicine 20: 1038-1046
10. Persson B, Strand SE, Jonsson PE, Bergqvist L, Hafstrom LO (1981) PRE OPERATIVE TECHNETIUM-99M ANTIMONY
SULFIDE COLLOID SCINTIGRAPHY FOR IDENTIFICATION OF THE LYMPH DRAINAGE IN PATIENTS WITH MALIGNANT
MELANOMA. Nuclear Medicine Communications 2: 98-98
1977 Deep Vein Thrombus
99Tcm Plasmin Komplex
Carl Gustav OLSSON
Chemistry
Bertil
Birgit
99Tcm
Radiation Physics
Sven Erik Strand
Plasmin
Komplex
Mathematics
Leif Svensson
Hospital Physics
Lennart Darte
Deep Vein Thrombus
99Tcm Plasmin Komplex
STRAND, S. E.,
PERSSON, B. R. B.,
STÅHLBERG, F.
& OLSSON, C. G. 1981. QUANTITATIVE ANIMAL-MODEL FOR INVIVO
TESTING OF RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS FOR DIAGNOSIS OF
THROMBOSIS. Medical Physics, 8 (4), 555-555.
Nuclear Magnetic Medicine
Another New Era
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE Volume: 53 Issue: 3 Pages: 459-463 DOI:
10.2967/jnumed.111.092437 Published: MAR 1 2012
Te present study demonstrated the feasibility of
labeling SPIONs with 99mTc.
The accumulation of 99mTc-SPIONs in lymph nodes
after subcutaneous injection in rats, verified by
SPECT/MRI detection, is encouraging for
Future applications in breast
cancer and malignant melanoma.
Several years later
after it all started
The 3 Musceteers
were all
professors
STRAND, S. E.,
PERSSON, B. R. B.,
STÅHLBERG, F.
Tack för uppmärksamheten
Thank You for Your attention
På återseende
Hope to See You again soon at the Emertitage