16th EA-RTM Meeting, 16 December 2013

Minutes of the 16th EA-RTM Meeting
Date and Time
Monday, 16 December, 9:00-16:00
Venue
Celestine Hotel, Mita, Tokyo
Participants
The Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE)
XIE, Kechang
Vice President
KANG, Jincheng
Deputy Director-General, Dept. of International Cooperation
REN, Hongtao
Director, Division Two, Dept. of International Cooperation
ZONG, Yusheng
Secretary and Special Assistant to Vice President
ZHU, Yu
Project Official, Dept. of International Cooperation
The National Academy of Engineering of Korea (NAEK)
KUM, Dongwha
Executive Vice President
KIM, Doh Yeon
Professor, Seoul National University
LEE, Kunwoo
Dean, School of Engineering, Seoul National University
PARK, Seung Bin
Dean, School of Engineering, KAIST
JOO, Young Sup
Invited Professor, Seoul National University
PARK, Eun Yeong
International Relations and Administration
KIM, Narai
International Relations and Administration
The Engineering Academy of Japan (EAJ)
KOMIYAMA, Hiroshi
President
KOIZUMI, Hideaki
Chair of the Committee of International Affairs and Hitachi Fellow
KAMIMOTO, Masayuki Assistant to the President, Hirosaki University
YAMADA, Koichi
Deputy Director-General, Center for Low Carbon Society Strategy, JST
MISHIMA, Nozomu
Professor, Akita University
KUNO, Mineya
Associate Executive Director
YUHARA, Yoshihisa
Secretary General
TANAKA, Miyuki
Administrator for International Affairs
References
Reference 1: Academic Compilation of 2012 Fukuoka Symposium
Reference 2: CAE/EAJ/NAEK's Proposition to their Governments
1
Agenda
1.
Welcome by the EAJ president.
The opening of the16th EA-RTM was announced by Prof. Komiyama, EAJ
President. As the previous RTM was postponed, this meeting will be the first one in
these 2 years. At the beginning of the meeting, a silent prayer was dedicated to mourn
the passing of Prof. Charles Vest, former President of the National Academy of
Engineering, U.S.
2.
Self introduction from participants.
Brief self-introductions of the participants were carried out.
3.
Confirmation of the minutes of the 15th RTM.
The minutes of the 15th EA-RTM were confirmed after correcting a typographical
error in the participant’s name. It was announced by the chairman that further
necessary corrections pointed out by the end of the meeting would be reflected in the
minutes.
4.
Review of the 16th EA-RTM planned for 2012 which did not actualize
Dr. Koizumi remarked that a wrap-up of the unrealized RTM symposium should
be discussed because significant effort and contributions went into preparations and the
proceedings were published. Referring to the proceedings, he introduced the planned
contents for the closing remarks focusing on such main points as: “summary of the
presentations,” “modified Maslow’s hierarchy of happiness,” “difference between science
and engineering,” “symbiosis and coexistence”. Dr. Koizumi then concluded that
collaboration between the three nations was indispensable.
＃ Reference 1: Academic Compilation of 2012 Fukuoka Symposium
Comments received:
 The reference of the Oriental way of thinking is interesting. But, in Western
countries there have been discussions on Libertarian and Communitarian. Some
reflections or comparison might be interesting.
5.
Survey on China-Japan-Korea Technology Cooperation - Results of 2013 survey
and a future plan –
Prof. Joo who was in charge of the survey on environmental technologies headed
by NAEK introduced the results of the survey:

Overview of the survey consisted of objective, process, committee and number of
respondents.

Based on the survey result, it was concluded that since technical collaborations
were highly demanded in every country, practical implementations such as joint
2
R&D or schemes for collaborations were needed.
Following comments were received:
 At the first glance, it seemed that the opinions of 3 countries were different.
However, by including the 2nd priority as well, the survey result seemed very alike.
 It would be good if this survey could be conducted every year. About the specific
technology, the three countries can change topics.
 NAEK really appreciates all the members. If every academy agrees, they would like
to continue this kind of survey. The next issue is how to use this data.
 NAEK has analyzed the data and written a report in Korean.
 Inputting this to the government is the most important. Anyway, we should start
some collaborative research by saying something to each government.
 This is a wonderful activity. But, before opening this result, we have to brush-up the
result.
As the result of the discussion, following points were agreed on.
 The survey result says that the obstacles and problems for collaboration are lack of
interest from the government and lack of mechanism for collaboration. So, as a
responsibility to those who collaborated in the survey, every academy should try to
input this to decision makers.
 NAEK suggested that EA-RTM will make a strong statement so that each academy
can bring it to the each government. However, CAE representatives commented that
they should first get agreement from CAE for the statement.
 As the practical procedure, NAEK will also make a draft statement and then would
have comments from other two academies.
＃ Reference 2: CAE/EAJ/NAEK's Proposition to their Governments
6.
Presentation on activities of each academy
Overview and activities of interest of CAE were presented by Dr. Kang. Then,
overview and activities of NAEK were presented by Prof. Lee. Subsequently, overview
and activities of EAJ were presented by Mr. Kuno. Following each presentation, there
were some Q&As.
7.
Proposal for the 17th RTM (Sept. 24-25, 2014)
Dates : 24th-26th Sept. 2014,
24th (Wed): reception, 25th (Thu): meeting, 26th(Fri): Tour
Symposium theme: Emerging technologies for aging society; 3 sessions
Venue: Haevichi Hotel and Resort Jeju
Remarks: No visa required.
It was discussed who should be invited. It was proposed and agreed to invite some
social scientists to widen the scope of topics and deepen discussions. Regarding the 17th
3
RTM, it was suggested that Australia and ASEAN countries could be invited as
candidate observer countries, apart from China, Korea and Japan. The CAE suggested
that, it was the host country’s discretion to invite whichever engineering organizations
to participate in the symposium, but that the RTM should be the closed meeting of the
CAE, EAJ and NAEK only.
8.
Forum on “Energy Policy facing the New Century: Changes in Energy Production and
Energy Consumption Patterns”
This forum was arranged at the suggestion of CAE and firstly Prof. Xie from CAE gave
a lecture about the energy policy and situations in China. It was shown that the energy
policy and strategy in China was under a major shift, and that demand supply coordination
can be the key. Secondly, Prof. Park from NAEK lectured about Korean activities towards a
lower carbon society. Some efforts regarding new and renewable energy, improvement in
energy efficiency, smart grids, and so on were mentioned. Finally, Prof. Yamada from EAJ
gave a presentation about Japanese efforts towards a low carbon society. Energy
consumption patterns in daily life were shown and some efforts including “top-runner
program,” “PV” and “transition on energy structure” were introduced. Questions, answers
and comments on the presentations, and overall discussions took place after the three
presentations.
9.
Discussion for the future of the EA-RTM
Free discussion was held on the future of EA-RTM. Main comments were:

If two other academies agree, the survey will be continued from NAEK. Other
topics can be discussed through the survey.

It might be good to set a coordinated topic with the symposium. For example, “aging
society” can be a good topic for the next survey.

There are many points that could be discussed. Free market vs subsidy. PV vs Nuclear, etc.

To make a long-term decision, market economy or controlled economy?
10. Closing remarks
There were closing remarks from 3 academies. Dr. Kum from NAEK told that
although the last RTM was postponed, today’s discussion was very good. He also
mentioned that by utilizing the continuous survey, NAEK would provide an opportunity
for fruitful discussion at the next EA-RTM.
Dr. Xie from CAE stated that CAE would host the CAETS Convocation in June
2014. All of today’s attendees will be invited. More than 1,000 participants are expected.
In concluding the meeting, Prof. Komiyama, President of EAJ remarked that
face-to-face discussion was the key to fruitful collaboration.
//
4
Reference 1
Academic Compilation of 2012 Fukuoka Symposium
Abstract of the Planned Symposium in Fukuoka in September 2012
The Engineering Academy of Japan (EAJ)
The Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE)
The National Academy of Engineering of Korea (NAEK)
I. Forward
1. The East Asia Round Table Meeting of the Academies of Engineering (EA-RTM)
has been held almost annually primarily among the Academies of Engineering of
Japan, China and South Korea (EA Academies of Engineering) to discuss issues in
engineering from cultural and academic perspectives beyond conceptual and cultural
differences. The 16th EA-RTM held in 2013 was historically significant as
numerous difficulties had to be overcome to hold the meeting. The last EA-RTM,
which was scheduled for September 2012 in Fukuoka, Japan, was postponed due to
unfortunate circumstances. It is a statement to the strong desire of the Academies of
Engineering in the three countries to cooperate for the betterment of society that the
16th EA-RTM was held in Tokyo in 2013. The Engineering Academy of Japan
(EAJ) expresses its deep and sincere gratitude to the Chinese Academy of
Engineering (CAE) and the National Academy of Engineering of Korea (NAEK)
and those who have given their time and made tremendous efforts to see this
happen.
2. The past few years have seen unprecedented disasters. In Japan, a huge earthquake
with multiple seismic sources and a huge tsunami causing catastrophic disaster
occurred. This natural disaster caused a serious accident at a nuclear power plant,
which until then was considered the optimal energy option for effectively controlling
global warming and stabilizing the global climate. Nationwide restoration efforts
continue to address the aftermath. The EA Academies of Engineering have played
significant roles in addressing solutions to this crisis and will continue to do so
toward the further restitution and development of society.
II. Human Security and Well-Being
1. The fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 marked the end of the Cold War and saw the
birth of a new concept of human security, the concept of common security applied
to humans. Human security (or “ningen-no annei”) refers to the allied efforts of all
humankind to address common issues such as global warming and pandemic
diseases. Security, or annei, refers to peace and safety, which serves as the most
basic social foundation for human life. Immediately after the welfare-oriented
European countries achieved what was accepted as a high standard of safety and
security for their citizens, a high suicide rate became a problem. Although security
is a requirement for survival, it was not sufficient for a high quality of life. Humans
feel happiness in interacting with others, sharing joy and engaging in meaningful
activities. Thus, a more positive and active element needs to be part of human
security. Quality of life or “well-being” was combined with “security,” resulting in
the concept of “human security and well-being.” This comprehensive concept
includes issues currently being confronted, for example, energy production and
allocation, environmental harmony, mental and physical healthcare, urbanization
and aging.
2. Engineering and science can provide effective solutions toward human security and
well-being. The core concept of scientific technology consists of Science,
Engineering and Technology (SET) or Science, Engineering, Technology and Art,
hereinafter “SET(A).” The origin of the stem of science, “sci,” is from the ancient
Greek “skei,” which means “split/divide.” Science refers to activities that unravel
the world of nature, including humans, via reductionism or divisions and analyses.
The “-gin-” of “engineering,” which corresponds to the old Greek “-gen-,” means to
“give birth.” This also means creation and/or emergence. Therefore, ethics is more
closely linked with engineering than science. Technology and art originated from the
old Greek tekhne- or the old Latin ars, both of which refer to bringing new
man-made items into the world of nature.
3. It is essential to realize societal innovation that addresses energy, environmental,
health, educational and other issues utilizing SET(A) to achieve human security. To
ensure the sustainable emergence of societal innovation, it is necessary to establish
an innovative ecosystem or a comprehensive social system to create innovation.
Through collaborations among government, academia and industry; collaborations
among Japan, China and South Korea; and further cooperation with the Academies
of Engineering in the ASEAN countries and Australia, we intend to focus on solving
society’s technological issues.
III. Direction and Significance of Collaboration among the Three Countries’
Academies of Engineering
1. The EA Academies of Engineering, as members of International Council of
Academies of Engineering and Technological Sciences, Inc. (CAETS), collaborate
in a worldwide coalition of organizations from 26 countries, contribute to CAETS
and support the Academies of Engineering that are budding in East Asian countries
so that they can participate in CAETS.
2
IV. Collaborative Themes indicated in the Preliminary Draft for the postponed
Fukuoka Symposium
1. Measures to address a huge disaster
The Great East Japan Earthquake, which had multiple seismic sources, produced an
enormous tsunami and not only resulted in a huge loss of human life but also
triggered a hitherto unpredicted level of disaster. It deprived the TEPCO Fukushima
Dai-1 Nuclear Power Station of all its power sources, which led to the power station
losing its cooling function, causing a nuclear reactor core meltdown and the
explosion of emitted hydrogen. The radioactive substances dispersed by the
explosion caused radioactive contamination over a wide area and related problems
including the leakage of contaminated wastewater into the groundwater. Learning
from this experience, it became necessary to reconsider and reformulate future
policies regarding energy including nuclear and natural energy sources.
Fundamental questions were asked about how to cope with natural disasters that
cause enormous damage even though such occurrences are infrequent. Furthermore,
it was clear that disaster prevention education and disaster training made a
significant difference in how people reacted to the Great East Japan Earthquake.
There are many lessons we can apply for the future.
2. Educational system for innovation
The original definition of innovation given by Joseph Alois Schumpeter in his
Theorie der wirtschaftlichen Entwicklung (1912) was “creating the emergence of
unpredicted properties by new combination of inherently unrelated concepts.” To
achieve an educational system that can create innovation, our conventional
educational system must be renovated. Education from early childhood needs to be
reviewed as seen in K-12 STEM (Kindergarten through 12th grade Science,
Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) education in the United States.
University engineering departments need to be fundamentally reviewed.
Furthermore, various new concepts in the “Transdisciplinary Bridging and Fusion
of Various Fields” such as convergence, transdisciplinarity and co-creation are
necessary. It is not enough to think of a future, potentially ideal, revolutionary
technology. To nurture human resources who can create innovation, we must
establish new educational methodologies immediately.
3. Initiatives toward new learning and educational methodologies
As part of efforts to innovate education itself, there is a growing global trend to
apply perspectives in the rapidly developing area of Brain Science. In addition to
addressing developmental disorders and other neurological disabilities, Brain
science has created important new fields in lifelong learning and education. New
perspectives are needed for engineering education too. Although China and Japan
3
have begun collaboration to lead the world in this field, we need to further reinforce
international alliances. Furthermore, aggressive initiatives are needed to apply brain
science to the field of engineering, as a methodology to understand the inherent
nature of humans.
4. Urbanization, industrialization and solutions to environmental issues
In Japan, air pollution was a serious problem from the 1960s in places such as
Yokkaichi, located in an industrial belt, and metropolitan areas for a long period of
time. There was also a time when the water quality of rivers and lakes was
deteriorating due to contamination. Today, however, Japanese trout (“ayu”), which
live only in clear streams, are back in the Tama River in Tokyo. On many sunny
winter days, you can see faraway Mt. Fuji from the center of metropolitan Tokyo.
Behind such remarkable environmental improvements there is not only the
implementation of regulations but also the nation’s diverse and committed efforts.
We need to share this experience with other countries and pursue collaboration
toward human security and well-being.
V. Conclusions
1. Engineering is increasingly important in societal innovation including such
fields as next-generation energy supply, the global and local environment,
logistics including transportation, healthcare, food production, new urbanization
and aging.
2. To solve issues related to society, we need to recognize anew the importance of
education, which is the key to achieving human security and well-being.
3. Each country needs to cooperate and collaborate to pursue new educational
initiatives based on scientific perspectives and actual data, and convert such
education into tangible forms with symbiosis via mutualism.
4. Each country should share its experience, as well as cooperate and collaborate to
pursue and materialize new energy supply systems that are symbiotic with the
global environment.
5. Each country should share its experience, as well as cooperate and collaborate to
pursue and materialize societal innovations for mutual fertilization.
Attachment: The 16th East Asia Round Table Meeting of Academies of Engineering
Symposium on “Engineering towards Human Security and Well-Being” (P1-7)
4
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HideakiKoim1mi
Director,ChairoftheCommitteeonlntemationalAffairs，
TheEngineeringAcademyofJapan
７
Reference 2