Systems Analysis and Design Alan Dennis and Barbara Haley Wixom

Transcription

Systems Analysis and
Design
Alan Dennis and Barbara Haley Wixom
John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Slides by Fred Niederman
Slide 1
PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis & Haley Wixom, Systems Analysis and Design
Copyright 2000 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
Copyright © 2000
John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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use of the information contained herein.
Slide 2
Introduction
Chapter 1
Slide 3
Key Ideas
Many failed systems were
abandoned because analysts
tried to build wonderful systems
without understanding the
organization.
The primarily goal is to create
value for the organization.
Slide 4
Key Ideas
The systems analyst is a key person
analyzing the business, identifying
opportunities for improvement, and
designing information systems to
implement these ideas.
It is important to understand and
develop through practice the skills
needed to successfully design and
implement new information systems.
Slide 5
THE SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT
LIFE CYCLE
Slide 6
Major Attributes of the
Lifecycle
The project -Moves systematically through
phases where each phase has a
standard set of outputs
Produces project deliverables
Uses deliverables in implementation
Results in actual information system
Uses gradual refinement
Slide 7
Project Phases
Planning (Why build the system?)
Analysis (Who, what when,
where will the system be?)
Design (How will the system
work?)
Implementation (System delivery)
Slide 8
A “Simple” Process for Making Lunch
Slide 9
Planning
Identifying business value
Analyze feasibility
Develop work plan
Staff the project
Control and direct project
Slide 10
Analysis
Analysis
Information gathering
Process modeling
Data modeling
Slide 11
Design
Physical design
Architectural design
Interface design
Database and file design
Program design
Slide 12
Implementation
Construction
Installation
Slide 13
Processes and Deliverables
Process
Product
Planning
Project Plan
Analysis
System Proposal
Design
System
Specification
Implementation
Slide 14
New System and
Maintenance Plan
SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT
METHODOLOGIES
Slide 15
What Is a Methodology?
A formalized approach or series
of steps
Examples
Process-Centered
Data-Centered
Object-Oriented
Slide 16
Waterfall Development
Method
Slide 17
Pros and Cons of the Waterfall
Method
Pros
Cons
Identifies systems
requirements long
before programming
begins
Design must be
specified on paper
before programming
begins
Long time between
system proposal and
delivery of new
system
Slide 18
Alternatives to the SDLC
Parallel Development
Rapid Application Development
(RAD)
Phased Development
Prototyping
Spiral Development
Packaged Systems
Slide 19
Parallel Development Method
Slide 20
Pros and Cons of Parallel
Development
Pros
Slide 21
Cons
Reduces Scheduled
Time
Still Uses Paper
Documents
Less Chance of
Rework
Sub-projects May Be
Difficult to Integrate
Rapid Application
Development
CASE tools
JAD sessions
Fourth generation/visualization
programming languages
Code generators
Slide 22
Three RAD Categories
Phased development
A series of versions
Prototyping
System prototyping
Throw-away prototyping
Design prototyping
Slide 23
How Prototyping Works
Slide 24
Throwaway Prototyping
Slide 25
Criteria for Selecting the
Appropriate Methodology
Clear user requirements
Familiar technology
Complexity
Reliability
Time schedule
Schedule visibility
Slide 26
TEAM ROLES AND SKILLS
Slide 27
Information Systems Roles
Business analyst
System analyst
Infrastructure analyst
Change management analyst
Project manager
Slide 28
Summary
The Systems Development Lifecycle consists
of four stages: Planning, Analysis, Design,
and Implementation
There are five major development
methodologies: the waterfall method, the
parallel development method, the phased
development method, system prototyping
and design prototyping.
There are five major team roles: business
analyst, systems analyst, infrastructure
analyst, change management analyst and
project manager.
Slide 29

Systems Analysis and Design Alan Dennis and Barbara Haley Wixom

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