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Journal of Social Issues & Humanities, Volume 1, Issue 2, July 2013
ISSN 2345-2633
Mashhad Carpet Designs Combine
Contemporary Iranian Women's Clothing Design
Nahid Shahriyari, Mohammad Javad Imani, Samaneh Shahriyari, Shahrzad Teymouri
Abstract— Carpet old tree roots, soil desert and the shadow of the Alborz tall branches are not cut ties with him and have not
diminished.Carpet LIVE visual arts and culture of the land of historic signs deep and powerful cultures that will not only withstand the
onslaught of various ethnic groups, but also as an alien culture imposed on the Iranian state television, and solution to forgive. Known
dilution of Mashhad Iranian carpets today are among the Contract carpets for export.These rugs with designs and colors that highlight
specific. Carpet combine modern designs makes pure art always remember the fallen and to their efforts to bring about these works of
designers and weavers rugs have been a beautiful and lasting enjoying and the beautiful design. Here we have evaluated the word rugs,
Persian carpets, rugs, Mashhad properties such as color, arabesque and used which deals with the importance of design as well as
modern Maintaining administrative status of woman in society, its beauty is significant and its Iranian character is, arabesques and Persian
carpets as traditional designs are used to decorate women's formal dress.Here's a selection of tuxedo coat as Iranian women and the
incorporation of decorative motifs on the carpet, his attempt to show the Iranian to have spent generations who are less familiar with this
pattern, see the beauty against identity designs Wines to realize its greatness.
Index Terms— Iranian carpets, rugs, Mashhad, design and pattern, color, design, dress and coat.
——————————  ——————————
1 INTRODUCTION
T
HE talent and creativity. Traditions and historical records
of the life and environment of all its ethnic roots and inspired, and often these talents in one or more fields in
such a way that Other communities have developed of nations
and peoples crystallize the competition reasons somewhat
strings Durrani arduous And it is in vain.
Including the arts in Persia and reached the degree of perfection and mastery of manifesting great opportunity for the
talented artists in the area, is the art of carpentry.Actualization
and transcendence as well as the inherent characteristics of
Iranian art and patience, the abundance of raw materials suitable for the manufacture of carpets such as wool quality and
dye plants.
Carpets, painter, painter of nature but also his sense of natural events and dating with is history.Carpet and rug tribal
villages or the more responsible women and girls and
boys.Rug that appeal to girls and boys together, had begun its
life in the hearts of thousands of nodes with artists have put
carpet fibers and finally the hundreds of beautiful effects are
created with skilled finger, due to difficult working conditions
and inappropriate and unhealthy workplace environments
disease, paralysis, blindness, respiratory infections and asthma Rickets and without mention their names when they
died.Perhaps the association of weavers toil and privation, or
the creation of still life and thinking how nice it is to have a
relationship based on love and spirituality with a beautiful
carpet weaver has been established with an offensive mentality makes it so.
Artistic legacy and emotional connection to the people who
need to have it in your home feel is redundant and can be said
————————————————
 Department of Art, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan Branch,
Zahedan, Iran.
 Department of Foreign Language, Islamic Azad University of Zahedan,
Zahedan, Iran.
 Architecture student in Parto Institute for Higher Education.
 Department of Art, Islamic Azad University of Zahedan, Zahedan, Iran.
less townhouse in the inner board is not the Iranian carpets.In
recent years, some neighbors Iran and Eastern Europe with
imitation Persian carpet exports and business plans and designs, but it did Haghigh The obvious point is that the Iranian
rug weaving elaborate designs and exquisite colors and designs from the Islamic Iranian art is still on top.Persian carpets
on the lighter end of the world's most beautiful and most precious carpets permanent brilliance and promise that all of
these are emphasized.
2 HISTORICAL AND GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION MASHHAD
Province with an area of 302,766 km north-east of Iran at 30
degrees 31 minutes 38 degrees
Width and 17 minutes North and 55 degrees 23 minutes 61
degrees and 17 minutes east of Greenwich is over.
(Statistical Center of Iran, Iran Statistical Yearbook, p 5) by
the province to the north and north-east to south Turkmenistan, from East to Afghanistan, to the south of the province of
Sistan and Baluchestan and Kerman provinces of the West of
Yazd, Isfahan, Semnan and Mazandaran limited 's.
Khorasan is Persian Khavarzamini earlier meaning of the
word "estuary" means sun and "easy" caused by the rise
means place of the rising sun.(Detailed geography of Iran,
Masoud Keyhan , P 179)
City of Mashhad in Khorasan province with an area of
about 20,000 km, located in north-eastern Khorasan.Mountains of thousands of mosques and Azhdar It is the
mountain of mountains.Mashhad before being extended to the
city to be called to bless the eighth Shi'a Imam, was a village
called Sanabad Functions Nughan .
Sanabad 2 for historical place: First, Harun al-Rashid in 193
AD.BC where it was buried, and that 10 years later, the Imam
Reza Abbasi al-Ma'mun ordered Sanabad Poisoned and martyred and buried near the grave of Harun al-Rashid.(Guide to
the ancient city of Mashhad, Rajab ali Labaf Khanigi , 3) were
considered in the Safavid era Mashhad and increasing the
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prosperity and reputation of the city and the way of the king Mashhad - Herat was created.The city was at the zenith of
Nader Shah Afshar, until the city was chosen as capital and
expanded.
Most people are in the minority of Aryans Mashhad and
Iranian Kurds, Turks, and Afghans where they live.The city
has a population of 2,410,800 in the 2006 census Solar (Statistical Center of Iran - Population and Housing Census), Including the northern part of Khorasan Mashhad, because good
standing topography, high humidity moderately cold in the
mountains and semi-arid plains, the southern part is more
favorable.That is why agriculture and animal husbandry in
the area has flourished.
Mashhad art on role in the economy and many people are
employed in the handicraft sector.The most common craft in
this area include: carpet, rug, rugs, silk weaving, felt making,
coat embroidery, masonry, etching on stone, turquoise, masonry, pottery, basket and mat weaving, wood and painting
on leather.
Persian wars and timely recorded under your bed, soft carpets
used.The "Homer" in his poems of the Persian chariot covered
with purple carpets, speaks.
" Rudenku "Russian archaeologists at Pazyryk on the similarity of objects, artifacts and relics left over from the Scythian and
Persian Achaemenid carpet" Pazyryk "attributed to Iran.In
fact, the margin of horse and rider reliefs eastern staircase of
the Apadana at Persepolis is similar.The other side of the border of the carpet, the horse and rider are 28 times on the grave
of the Achaemenid kings at the 28 men representing 28 states
to sign the Achaemenid Empire, Cyrus the bed carrying. [Image 1] (puzzle called Pazyryk, James, p 27).
3 CARPET HISTORY IN IRAN
It is up to the public in terms of carpets with natural raw materials such as wool, cotton, silk, linen and ...It is woven by
hand or machine.Although rugs, carpet, Jajim plus Felt and
...Carpets, rugs, but also in terms of popular culture are usually used for carpets.
Carpet is an Arabic word meaning the extent and spread the
word, also means carpets and the like, plus the spread on the
ground. (Specific dictionary, page 283)
Professional carpet on the testimony of other jobs during the
matriarchy and the men were engaged in hunting and war,
and was originally created by women, today more by the
same group is still expanding.Appellation on the first Baftgah
carpet properly is not available yet, but this discovery proves
that the birthplace of the first folk art, Oriental Weavers, the
people of Iran. (Dictionary carpet commemoration, A.
Daneshgar, p 388) No doubt the original carpets and pets bark
and other vegetable fibers produced anthem after the domestication of sheep wool for weaving carpets with Perez has
been used.Discover the Pazyryk carpet, dating back 2500
years, various colors and designs used which indicate the progress and evolution of art - a rose-colored carpet and techniques and design accessories including ancient Persia.( Ibid,
p 411)
Professor "Arthur Pope" on the first rug weaving Iranians
writes: According to the characteristics of people's lives, and
devices that are needed to prepare carpet one hand and the
winter cold fronts Iranian plateau, on the other hand, the
Haghigh Suggests that the nursery carpet appearance between
tribes and nomads of the Iranian Plateau and the people's ability and taste simply create roles and exquisite colors and had a
decisive impact by nomad, and over many times, the industry
to the cities, has progressively.(Brief carpentry, Hossein yavari
, P 2), the oldest information about the product, the writings of
Greek historians who survived 2000 years ago and the "Xenophon," which is believed to have had a carpentry workshop
Achaemenid kings at Pasargadae (Original Iranian carpet,
Journal of Speech, AR heydari ) References that Iranians are
Ancient Chinese Almanac "hand "The carpet in the years
590-617 AD, also counts among Iranian goods.(Dictionary carpet commemoration, A. Daneshgar p. 143) as well as the
product of the spoils of war with the Romans conquered and
looted the city Dastgerd achieved.Carpet Story "Baharestan"
that the Arabs plundered the Sassanian capital gain fell and
cut hard, which is famous for silk weft and a variety of gems
and gold and silver and was adorned. (Iranian carpets, M..To
decorate, p 13) in traditions that sumptuous anticline, the Each
day of the month, one or the other, the figure four by four carpets Season had been extended.
The influence of Islamic art Islamic art of Iran, saw much
change in the mythic Old Persian designs have mostly religious and worship of the symbols have the best of the project
the well-known fish "Fish dirhams the".This design is actually
a modified fish, which symbolizes love and collation of ancient Iranian mythology and Islamic transformed into a
curved leaves on the carpet can be seen.On the other hand,
because of the texture images and names of revered saints and
verses of the Quran were spread carpets under foot, saw the
emergence of a new type of carpet, carpet, and took pink decorations, and the respect of a plans curvatures religious O mat
, where prayer, altar and symbols of mosques and ...It
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is.(Iranian carpets, fresh p. 13) [Picture 2]
Along with other arts flourished in the Safavid era, Persian
rugs and carpets to reach the peak of their beauty and the
works of the remaining time for the color and texture are art,
and the masterpieces of the plan of.One of the most notable
works of this period is one of the world's most exquisite rugs,
carpets called "Ardabil Carpet" is 240 knots.The product color
and texture and design masterpiece is unparalleled.The deep
blue background, yellow bergamot middle and four of its
Lachak and Albert Museum in Victoria held. [Image 3] Another masterpiece known as "Chelsea carpet" that the texture is
finer than the Ardabil carpet.This product contains 470 nodes,
and then, bergamot and and pictures of hunters and animals
and birds can be seen.Image 4]
shops were held in different cities of Iran coincided with the
rise of industry, the use of artificial colors in the Iranian market.
4 CARPET IN MASHHAD
Among the old books and resources, under the old carpet can
be found somewhere in eastern Iran, especially in the Northeast is not mentioned.To the north East, two large state names
of ancient Iran and Khorasan."Holy" he writes in his book: The
Quhestan like white Neishaboori rugs and prayer rug and ...Is
issued.Bukhara soft fabric ...Rugs and Diba A gift and a silk
scarf and ...Is issued.(Leaf of Khorasan carpets, Turaj Zhule ,
Pp. 9) during the Timurid, Herat, a major center of carpet
weaving and miniature images left over from this period, numerous types of carpets with geometric designs, Lachak, bergamot and beautiful arabesques seen.Safavid Carpets Beautiful European itinerary also named Herat tissue.In the second
half of the 13th century AD, the merchants of Tabriz, Mashhad, weaving workshops were established and why Mashhad
carpets with Turkish knots (AST) nodes and Persian (Native)
is woven.Now, with the greatest amount of carpet production
in Khorasan, Iran is a major contribution to the economic and
industrial activities.
According to written records, the oldest carpet is attributed to
Shah Abbas Safavid era Mashhad Shah Abbas and Mashhad,
the holy shrine of Imam Reza was woven.
Carpet in Mashhad, after the First World War, with the efforts
of people like Haji Abdul Momeni, Mohammad Ibrahim
Mohsen Makhmalbaf, brothers, uncles flourishing and Haji Ali
Khamenei was revived.With the onset of World War II, Mashhad carpet to decline due to the closure of European markets,
a sharp decline in the type and quality of this product was
created.(Ibid, p 88)
23 Persian date Esfand 1981 Hijri, the carpet company Razavi
Holy Shrine of Imam Reza was established with the objective
laid down in 1983 and was put into operation.Haji Ahmad
zealous founder and first CEO, and after his death, Mohsen
Makhmalbaf.The addition of multiple units, weaving, carpet is
designed with a single color and traditional rose.Carpet Astan
Quds Razavi, Mashhad and revitalization projects primarily
on originality and preservation of the identity of Mashhad
carpets are woven in this regard, the most exquisite carpets
At the same time, for the first time since the Arab invasion,
using lace and silk cords with gold and silver was commonly
used in decorative rug designs, Shah Abbas was designed at
this time.(Original Iranian carpet, Journal of Speech, AR heydari ) [Figure 5] at the time of the Safavid dynasty, which had
begun with the boom in European markets, carpentry work157
ISSN 2345-2633
Raji 30 and 40 produces the most holy places in the shrine of
Imam Reza and is being used.[Image 6 of 7].
In recent years, due to great efforts to increase the quantity
and quality Mashhad carpet in global markets by private and
public institutions of Astan Quds Razavi, durable and original
art was revived last but not its quality products.Mashhad carpets of today can be described as similar in appearance to previous product but change the texture and the use of inferior
materials, two main factors in reducing the intrinsic and economic values Mashhad carpet, has been developed.Currently
Persian pair of nodes and applying chemical dyes along with
some Chinese practices a style of weaving fabric and fatal of
all wireless nodes Carpets kermani, a carpet of hand-woven
severe blow Mashhad has imported.Mashhad is more coarse
weave rug today and row number 25 is40 Knots.Failure to use
correct practices and the application of fabric designs and
plans of other agencies, such as Nain, Tabriz, Kashan, Kerman,
Mashhad carpets are a major factor in disrupting the balance.(Ibid, p 97) [Image 8 of 9]
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5
MASHHAD FEATURES A MODERN CARPETS
Knots of Mashhad, such as old carpets rugs Uncle "flourishing" is from 30 to 80 and 80 Knots.Although these rugs are
woven from 150-ordination but also more coarse in texture
and has a row of Mashhad Carpets today between 20 and 40
Knots. Other features Mashhad carpets done after the bolt is
withdrawn.It was not customary to 1951 and the years before
carpets are often tissue during wound edge.The current node
type being used, as well as Turkish and using grappling hooks
and hook method is Persian.
Payment after completion of carpet weaving is done with
electric scissors.Type of wiring looms and the warp of the
Azerbaijani carpet is so bookmarks are often spinning.Raw
materials used for pile carpets and cotton wool for carpet or
rug warp draw, but the limit can be found as silk and wool are
used.Mashhad carpets woven brocade limited in recent years
is the result of the late Khalil Khadivi.(Ibid, p 97) Mashhad
Carpet meaty, robust, sturdy and durable and softer than
wool product which is used in many parts of Iran.
Another prominent feature of Mashhad carpet medium and
large sizes from 2 × 3 to 4 × 5 m or more, the second node
thick woman, third and fourth pile height, texture, Mashhad
carpets are extremely heavy, and the margin is usually 7 to 8
further twist .(Iranian carpets, Armen Hangeldyn, p 69) Further characterization of Mashhad carpet in certain colors, designs and patterns and can be distinguished from the rest.
[Figure 10].
A) Patterns and Designs
Expression of Khorasan projects, growing flowers and tulips
on a vast plain and mountain range.This magnificent and splendid finds a stash of red roses and tulips and violets, and lily harvest on the grass flat.Weaver seems that the more demanding
garden and flowers from the garden and then the fun of it spills
on the grass and the flowers, stems and leaves with a image is
skill.[Figure 11]
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Red background and bright carpets Mashhad, in addition to
the marginal decorations of leaves and, as well as portions of the
tape that is decorated with palm leaves and flowers.According to
"Henri Rene 'renowned German explorer, Atlas has the effect of
Khorasan carpets and rugs sign of Mashhad.Mashhad carpet of
color drawings and specification are quite local, which means
that the product does not resemble any of the major Iranian carpet production centers.(Payam Khorasan newspaper article
Karam Reza Haseli , Page 35) functions used in carpets today are
often Toranj Mashhad, Arabesque, Shah Abbas Shah Abbas is
also a variety of printers.The use of large flowers with Shah Abbas thin clauses of the special features of Mashhad old designs
were also used, nowadays it is common Razavi Carpet Company.(Leaf of Khorasan carpets, Turaj Zhule , P 98) [Image 12 of 13]
Various designs are more applicable today in Mashhad carpets are Toranj arabesques, flowers Toranj rope, Shah Abbas, a
variety of mouth torpedoes, wreath, tree Toranj rope Marie tradescantia Sheikh Safi and original designs Mashhadi include:
Judge Khan, Sepahdar, the flowers, spray and ...Video Projects
animals, hunting and the like in Mashhad carpets are less common.The EU is also some sort of floral designs that account is a
special place in Mashhad carpets.(Interview with Mr. Muhammad Hossein fakhrol Vaaezin Mahdavi Designer Rugs Mashhad)
Mashhad carpets are the outstanding characteristics, such as its
precise design and filigree medallion motifs, arabesques, is and
ivy.Other projects include the crescent, mirrors, and the role of
fish in the pond Farah Harati is repeated like a carpet.However,
some rugs, border designs, but in many areas of antithetical
theme is consistent with the margins.Mashhad carpet, but a line
in the margin, less used and more elements of the plan Toranj
plans are prepared and disseminated.(Urban and rural Iranian
carpets and rugs, Eric p. 8), but the relative influence of some important patterns and the Tabriz carpet of flowers in Mashhad
carpets are today.[Image 14 of 15]
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and uniformity of the autumn colors add to the extent of the decline we find Khorasan carpets.
Carpet weavers in Mashhad variety of colors, especially dark
colors and static lacquered, dark blue, Beige , Indigo and azure
carpets text in the margin, and apply these practices in Mashhad
has become an enduring tradition.(Journey into Art carpentry, MJ
Nasiri , P 189) Using the red carpet earlier in Mashhad, particularly in the context of their common features typical of rugs and
carpets of all brothers uncle is flourishing.The Color Red Madder
has already replaced.Although many dying trying to create a
special glow paint, but have not been able to establish with madder former luster Mashhad Carpet gain much success.(Leaf of
Khorasan carpets, Turaj Zhule , P 98) In particular, chemical dyes,
chemical dyes, chemical dyes, the most inferior products from
China, including in Iran, an important part of colors used, not
only in Iran but also in Mashhad, Khorasan Province.
Mashhad carpets are the main colors, red (red beans) and
some blue (indigo) is.However, other colors are used as decorative motifs that some of these colors include: machine, azure,
crimson, russet, green grass, lime, tan (copper), brown, camel,
camel brown, pomegranate flower, Pink, Khaki, Halle, blue, fire,
garlic and Dooghi bright, turquoise, white, vegetable oil, black
willow ....
Rose and cream colored carpet in the context of natural vegetable dyes such as indigo, mignonette, pomegranate, walnut skin,
pomegranate, madder and chemical dyes are used.(Interview
with Mr. Mohammad Hossein Mahdavi Designer Rugs Mashhad)
6 RESULT
Dress and coat designed by Iranian carpet designs Mashhad
As mentioned above, including the arts in this country and
was completed in time professorship degree and talented artists in the area, the opportunity to manifest abundance, the
arts are carpet.In addition to the intrinsic properties of the Iranians because of the flourishing art and patience, abundant
raw materials for the production of high quality rugs including dye plants can be cited.
However, recently some neighbors and some Europeans,
Iranian carpet designs and colors and have produced imitation, but because of the Iranian rug weaving elaborate and
exquisite designs the top left, and thanks to the apex hands of
the artist's most beautiful and valuable Carpet World has
permanent luster.
Among the ancient Iranian carpets, carpets including
Mashhad is one that remains unique in its color after many
years still has properties arabesques and pure colors and it is
still unique in the world.Accordingly, and in order to further
promote the designs of carpets, in the Haghigh Iranian Women design formal dress looked like Shah Abbas to Mashhad
using carpet designs, butterfly and arabesques, sweatshirts we
design several models that will be displayed on the next
page.The beauty and originality of Iranian art more to show.
Examples of excursions arabesques, flowers Shah Abbas,
the effect of Professor Taherzadeh Behzad
B) Color
Carpets in various designs and colors are still bright and beautiful lives are being added.Rose-colored cream for supplying the
fibers of carpet weaving business side is a must for its survival
and the creation of industrial sites naturally tried to paint a rose,
because the use of chemical dyes have enough strength to light
and air have a blow to survive the range of industries and global
markets makes it arrived.Understanding the principles of natural
colors and style of painting on fabric, leaving a stable colors, one
of the main ways to protect and enhance the quality of carpets is
the carpet market.(Bulletin Message export this article Nilufar
Haghigh , P 36)
Natural dyes are often used in Khorasan but the color range is
extensive and more limited range of colors, red, red-violet (purple), dark blue, mustard, turquoise, beige and brown are.In some
workshops Colorist Khorasan, wool lime juice to put in 24 hours
if the wrong method is partly caused fibrosis, soft wool quality
161
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Examples circulating arabesques, flowers and designs pot
163
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[20] Haghigh , Nilufar .Khorasan carpets Paper Magazine Export Messages, Volume IV, Number I, 1994
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Zhule , Turaj .Carpet of leaves of Khorasan, Tehran: Iran Carpet Company,
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Labaf khanigi , Rajab Ali .Guide ancient city of Mashhad, Tehran Cultural
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Hangeldyn, Armen.Persian rugs, A. Karimi, Tehran: cultural, 1996
yavari , Hossein .Brief carpentry, Tehran: Iran Handicrafts Organization, 1991
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of the province, MS Thesis, 1998
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