The new face of SINCGARS.

Transcription

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The FALCON
N IIII AN/VRC-110:
The
e new
w face
e off SINCGARS.
Multi-Mission
» Long-Range Sincgars
» Tactical SATCOM
» close air support
Versatile
COnnect to the Future. FALCON® III.
We’ve taken the best features of
the previous generation and combined
them with outstanding technology
to accelerate your connection to
the future.
» Easy-Install Vehicular System
» Dismountable handheld radio
for personal communications
» Software upgradeable using
the JTRS SCA
Combat-Proven
» Over 10,000 radios in theater
» World-class field support
» fast delivery
» For more info, visit:
www.rfcomm.harris.com
___________
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Welcome to Digital SIGNAL, July 2007. In these pages
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Capital Links 21 • Impersonal Voyages 46 • Riverine Raptors 55
JULY 2007
WIRELESS
TECHNOLOGIES
AFCEA’S INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL • JULY 2007 • $5.00
Extending the Two-Way Reach
SPECIAL REPORT:
UNMANNED
SYSTEMS
SIGNAL
VOLUME 61, NUMBER 11
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1. Based on internal HP testing of power and cooling costs; compared to similarly configured HP1U, 2P server. AMD, the AMD Arrow logo, AMD Opteron, and combinations thereof are trademarks of Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. The information contained herein is
subject to change without notice. © 2007 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.
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WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES
JULY 2007 • Volume 61, No. 11
Web: www.afcea.org/signal • E-mail: [email protected]
15
Transformational Radio Program
Moves Ahead—By Henry S. Kenyon
21
Capital Region Forges Wireless Way—
27
No Node Left Behind—
33
Handheld Gadget Ensures Safe Sharing
37
Afloat Sensors
The U.S. Navy has thrown
caution to the waves as it
builds unmanned surface
craft to serve as sensor
platforms in shallow
waters. These unmanned
speedboats would be the
eyes and ears of littoral
combat ships.
61
Jittery Radios
At times, the Joint Tactical
Radio System program has
lived up to the homophone
of its acronym, JTRS. But
an organizational overhaul
and new goals have the
program back on track, at
least for the short term.
Network Eccentricity
Imperils the Infosphere—
By Col. Alan D. Campen, USAF (Ret.)
SPECIAL REPORT:
UNMANNED SYSTEMS
40
46
50
Air Vehicles Deliver Warrior Data—
By Clarence A. Robinson Jr.
Crewless Craft on Steady Course
Unmanned Vessels Sail Closer to Shore
MILITARY
50
55
Riverine Challenges Mirror Joint
Operations—By Robert K. Ackerman
INTERNATIONAL
61
65
British Competitors Craft Urban Warfare
Capability—By Catherine Imperatore
International Team Tackles
Key Communications Issues
Royal Robotics
NETWORKS
The United Kingdom is
taking a page from the
playbook of its former
colony by holding its own
Grand Challenge for robotic
vehicles. One major
difference from its U.S.
predecessor is that the British
program is after autonomous
vehicles that can aid its
troops in urban settings.
69
SIGNAL (ISSN-0037-4938) (USPS 496-300) is published monthly by the Armed Forces Communications
and Electronics Association at 4400 Fair Lakes Court, Fairfax, Virginia 22033-3899, (703) 631-6100. Toll-free
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plus postage. Domestic postage: $2.00 for the first issue (except January); $1.00 for each additional. For January, $6.00 postage.
AFCEA membership dues: $35 per year, $20 of which is for a subscription to SIGNAL; student rate is $15, $7 of which is for
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opinions expressed in articles appearing in AFCEA publications, and these opinions are not to be construed as official or reflecting
the views of the Armed Forces Communications and Electronics Association. The name SIGNAL® is registered in the U.S. Patent
and Trademark Office. All rights reserved. Copyright 2007 by the Armed Forces Communications and Electronics Association.
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48106. Article reprints can be purchased through the editorial department.
Official Publication of AFCEA
By Rita Boland
VIEWPOINT
_______________
15
By Maryann Lawlor
Warfighters Gain Missile
Defense Capability
INCOMING
104
Total Systems Engineering May Save
Defense Programs—
By Cmdr. Gregory E. Glaros, USN (Ret.)
DEPARTMENTS
Behind the Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
NewsNet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Progressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
InternetWorks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Business Byte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
AFCEA Educational Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Association News . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Small Business Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
AFCEAN of the Month . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
International Chapter News . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
AFCEA Corporate Members . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Calendar/Advertiser Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
SIGNAL, JULY 2007
3
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AFCEA’s INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
Chairman of the Board
Duane P. Andrews
Associate Publisher
Beverly P. Mowery
[email protected]
_____________
Editor in Chief
Robert K. Ackerman
[email protected]
______________
Senior Editor
Maryann Lawlor
[email protected]
____________
Managing Editor
Tanya Y. Alexander
[email protected]
______________
Business Editor
Henry S. Kenyon
[email protected]
____________
News Editor
Rita Boland
[email protected]
____________
Associate Editor
Catherine Imperatore
[email protected]
______________
Assistant Editor
Amber Corrin
[email protected]
___________
Publications Assistant
Christina Yanette
[email protected]
____________
SIGNAL Art Director
Chris D’Elia
[email protected]
__________
Contributing Columnist
Cmdr. Gregory E. Glaros, USN (Ret.)
Editor at Large
Clarence A. Robinson Jr.
Contributing Editors
Col. Alan D. Campen,
USAF (Ret.)
Michael A. Robinson
Technical Adviser
Dr. R. Norris Keeler
Advertising Director
Marsha Carpenter
[email protected]
______________
E-mail your comments
to [email protected]
___________
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BEHIND THE LINES
FCEA’s headquarters staff, dedicated as it is to the association’s issues, also
turns its attention to important causes outside of traditional areas of operation.
For several years now, current and former employees have been active in the
fight against breast cancer. We’ve covered many of those efforts in previous versions of this column, but this year’s report has a slightly different theme.
Last year, an ad hoc group known as the Fab Five entered the annual Susan G. Komen
National Race for the Cure. The five comprised current AFCEA employees Tobey Jackson,
Maureen Cirrito and Gina McGovern; former AFCEA staffer Donna Sliwinski; and former
J. Spargo and Associates show manager Beth Cain. They walked in support of several
friends and family who had fought—or still were fighting—breast cancer.
One of those friends was SIGNAL Senior Editor Maryann Lawlor, who was diagnosed
with the disease last year. Lawlor completed her treatments this past fall, and by this spring,
she was ready to step up and re-enter the fight in a different venue.
So Lawlor followed the example of the Fab Five members, who had supported her
last year, in their efforts to support breast cancer combatants and survivors. Lawlor
chose to participate in the Avon Walk for Breast Cancer. This two-day event enters participants in a 39.3-mile walk—half again as long as a marathon—through urban and
suburban neighborhoods. The walk, which is held annually in nine cities, has drawn
tens of thousands of participants over the past few years.
Less than a month later, the Fab Five gathered at the Susan G. Komen race to reprise
their efforts for breast cancer survivors. Fully recovered from her marathon-plus walk,
Lawlor also entered the 5-kilometer Komen event. All six women completed the race,
with Lawlor reporting a new personal best for walking 5 kilometers—less than one hour.
All of these activities are not about just demonstrating dedication to a cause or drumming up support—both of which are important. Lawlor and the Fab Five raised money
from family, friends and co-workers to aid in the fight against breast cancer. Lawlor
raised $2,605 for her Avon walk, and the Fab Five tallied more than $3,600 for the
Komen race. Each total far exceeded the original goals established by the women.
When added to the funds raised by other people who took part in those events, these
sums provide significant resources in the battle to overcome breast cancer.
The Fab Five promises to continue the fight as long as it takes. Its members already are
making plans for next year’s race. As for Lawlor, she continues to seek other events in
which to support the fight actively. And, she is looking forward to taking part in next
year’s 39.3-mile Avon walk. “From the fabulous walkers to the crew to the cheerleaders
along the way, it is an experience that brings
out the very best in people,” she reports. “The
most touching words? ‘Thank you for walking’
heard from all the people along the way.”
A
COVER
A U.S. Army specialist
with the 1st Armored
Division radios platoon
members while on patrol
in Tall Afar, Iraq. Wireless
connectivity has become
an essential way of life
for warfighters as well
as for civilians in
industrialized countries.
Cover design by SIGNAL
Art Director Chris D’Elia.
4
SIGNAL, JULY 2007
At left, Maryann Lawlor and her
walking partner, Nancy LoganJanczyk, celebrate their completion
of the Avon Walk for Breast Cancer.
Just four weeks later, the Fab Five
(clockwise from upper left)—
Donna Sliwinski,Tobey Jackson,
Gina McGovern, Maureen Cirrito
and Beth Cain—gather during the
Susan G. Komen Race for the Cure.
www.afcea.org/signal
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_____________________
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NewsNet
SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY
DARPA Urban Challenge
More than 50 teams competing for a slot
in the Defense Advanced Research Projects
Agency’s (DARPA’s) Urban Challenge
(www.darpa.mil/grandchallenge) in November advanced to the next stage of the competition. Agency personnel chose 53 teams and
now are conducting site visit tests to assess
the ability of each team’s autonomous vehicle to operate safely.
The teams were chosen from an original
field of 89. After the site visits, the semifinalists—30 teams in all—will be selected.
These teams will participate in the National Qualification Event in October, and
those that qualify will compete in the
Urban Challenge scheduled to take place
November 3, 2007.
Dr. Anthony Tether, DARPA’s director,
observes that the agency has seen a dramatic
increase in vehicle capabilities since the first
Grand Challenge in 2004. That first event
challenged teams to build a vehicle that could
traverse 142 miles in the desert autonomously. Out of the 15 teams that attempted the
feat, none succeeded. However, less than two
years later at the second Grand Challenge,
four autonomous vehicles successfully completed a 132-mile course. Teams will need to
evolve their technologies for this third event
because it requires that they build a vehicle
that can travel through an urban environment
safely and without hitting any obstacle—
either animate or inanimate.
Military Tests Sensor Capability
A joint sensor capability that allows
warfighters to detect and track people,
weapons and materials inside of buildings
is being evaluated as part of the search for
technologies that could save lives in military and emergency situations. The U.S.
Joint Forces Command’s Joint Urban Operations Office (www.jfcom.mil/about/
fact_juo.htm)
_________ is conducting tests to determine joint standards as well as which types
of technologies to pursue.
Both the U.S. Defense Department and
U.S. Justice Department have a number of
programs to explore Sense Through Struc-
6
SIGNAL, JULY 2007
Participants in the Ardent
Sentry/Northern Edge 2007
exercise included National
Guard members from
Nebraska. Military and
emergency personnel
responded to two simulated
incidents: a train accident and
a terrorist attack.
Command and Control for Emergencies
A recent exercise has rated the capabilities of the Incident Command System, a combination of processes and equipment, as exceptional in streamlining emergency response efforts between government agencies at all levels. The system, an offshoot of the Federal
Emergency Management Agency’s National Incident Management
System, was put through its paces during Ardent Sentry/Northern
Edge 2007, an exercise recently held in Fairbanks, Alaska.
The unified command and control system comprises facilities,
equipment, operators, procedures and communications that are
designed to help in domestic incident management activities. It clarifies the lines of communications as well as the command structure
during emergency response.
The communications equipment includes military radios that are networked to local, state, federal and private organization systems. The goal
is to improve response coordination among the multitude of agencies that
may render assistance during a manmade or natural disaster.
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Canada Acquires Biological Detectors
The Canadian military soon will protect its troops and facilities with an
advanced biological agent detection and sampling system. The technology,
known as the VP Bio-Sentry System, is designed to detect aerosolized biological agents and issue warnings in seconds, allowing warfighters to don
protective gear. Its sampling features also will provide important identification data to help mitigate the effects of exposure.
The system performs autonomous, event-driven liquid sample collection to
help identify biological warfare agents and conduct post-event forensic verification. The technology’s design features self-contained liquid sample cartridges
engineered to minimize the operational burden for forces in the field.
The VP Bio-Sentry project will provide the Canadian armed forces with six
full and 23 partial systems. A full system includes multiple detectors and an
alarm, sampling and identification capability. Initial system deliveries will begin
in 2008, with all equipment scheduled to be in place by 2010. The VP Bio-Sentry System is manufactured by General Dynamics (www.generaldynamics.com).
Sweden Upgrades Naval Communications
The Swedish Defense Materiel Administration is upgrading its land-based
naval command, control, communications, computers and intelligence centers with a system that allows them to share national radio resources flexibly.
Known as ACEcom, it is an Internet protocol (IP)-based system designed for
control room operations such as providing high availability, handling classified and unclassified traffic and permitting operators to share resources
either in the same room or across distributed command centers.
Scheduled for delivery next month through April 2008, the system under contract includes switches, radio control equipment, operator terminals and functionality switching to enable links to public networks. Because it is IP-based,
ACEcom also allows remote radios to be connected into a wide area network.
Manufactured by the Thales Group (www.thalesgroup.com), the system
has been selected by NATO for its Air Command and Control System program and is in operation with armed forces across Europe.
Multithreat Detector
Researchers at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (www.llnl.
gov)
___ have developed a prototype
detector capable of simultaneously
identifying explosive, chemical and
biological agents. Referred to as a uni-
8
SIGNAL, JULY 2007
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and clothing. Researchers also are
adding a capability to detect narcotics.
INTERNATIONAL
tures systems. The office is bringing
these efforts together to identify and
share lessons learned through experimentation. While the systems are
primarily radar based, other technologies may be incorporated later,
including thermal imaging, X-rays
and acoustic sensing.
Soldiers from the Indiana Army
National Guard’s 76th Infantry
Brigade conducted a series of building-clearing exercises in May at the
Muscatatuck Urban Training Center
to test the equipment.
A
versal point detection system, it uses
single-particle aerosol mass spectrometry (SPAMS) to identify minute
quantities of the various agents.
According to Lawrence Livermore
scientists, SPAMS-based systems
can detect and identify single particles of chemical and biological compounds. The three-in-one technology
evolved from work on the laboratory’s bioaerosol mass spectrometry
(BAMS) system developed in 1999.
In 2005 researchers began efforts to
expand the BAMS system’s capabilities to detect chemicals and explosives, evolving it into SPAMS.
The SPAMS equipment underwent a
series of laboratory tests in 2005 and
2006. This year it will be field-tested in
a large public facility in the United
States. The technology is being upgraded to remove particles from luggage
MILITARY
Precision Guidance Improves
The U.S. Marine Corps’ Hydra-70
rocket recently became more precise
with the addition of a laser spotting
capability. This permits the low-cost
rocket to hit within 2 meters of a
target. The guided munition is
intended for use against soft or
lightly armored targets.
The effort is part of the Advanced
Precision Kill Weapon System
(APKWS), which aims to upgrade
the 2.75-inch rocket with precision
guidance. A recent test showed a
production-ready version of the
APKWS hitting its target within the
2-meter requirement. Officials connected with the test state that it was
designed to collect tactical guided
rocket performance data.
The APKWS effort is a jointinterest program that also includes
the U.S. Army and Navy. The Navy
funded this test flight, and the Army
has awarded the prime APKWS contract to BAE Systems (www.baesys
tems.com).
_______
Stateside Falconer AOC Debuts
The 12th Air Force and Air Forces
Southern have opened the first Falconer Air and Space Operations
Center (AOC) in the continental
United States at Davis-Monthan Air
Force Base in Arizona. The new
AOC is the home of the only continuously operational Falconer on the
continent, and it serves as the air and
space component to the U.S. Southern Command.
The center’s actions include disseminating and monitoring air tasking orders for activities in Central
and South America and the
Caribbean. The AOC serves as the
hub for air and space activities during combat and humanitarian operations in those areas.
The new center is one of five Falconer AOC weapon systems in the
world (SIGNAL Magazine, March
2007, page 49). They support combatant commanders across the
globe; each center is responsible for
a specific geographic location.
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__________
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PROGRESSIONS
Government
Director of National Intelligence,
Washington, D.C.
Headquarters Air Combat Command,
Langley Air Force Base, Virginia.
The Army Civilian
Leader Management
Office has appointed
Dr. Armand Cardello
to the position of
senior research scientist, behavior and performance. Cardello is based at the
U.S. Army Natick Soldier Research,
Development and Engineering Center
in Natick, Massachusetts.
Rear Adm. John J. Prendergast
III, USN, has been assigned as vice
director for logistics, J-4, the Joint
Staff, Washington, D.C.
Industry
Federal Bureau of Investigation
Director Robert S. Mueller III has
named Michael S. Welch special
agent in charge of the Indianapolis
office. In addition, Keith Slotter was
named special agent in charge in San
Diego; Karen E. Spangenberg was
named special agent in charge in
Springfield, Illinois; and Andrew R.
Bland III was named special agent in
charge in Houston.
Lt. Gen. Claude M. Kicklighter,
USA (Ret.), has been sworn in as the
inspector general for the U.S. Defense
Department in Washington, D.C.
NASA has selected
2006 Nobel Prize
recipient Dr. John C.
Mather to lead the
agency’s Office of the
Chief Scientist in
Washington, D.C.
Military
The president has named Lt. Gen.
Douglas E. Lute, USA, as assistant to
the president and deputy national
security adviser for Iraq and
Afghanistan, Washington, D.C.
Lt. Gen. Ronald L. Burgess Jr.,
USA, has been confirmed for reappointment to the grade of lieutenant
general and assignment as director of
the intelligence staff, Office of the
10
SIGNAL, JULY 2007
Rear Adm. Joseph Maguire, USN,
has been nominated for appointment
to the grade of vice admiral and
assignment as deputy director for the
Strategic Operational Planning Directorate, National Counterterrorism
Center, Washington, D.C.
Maj. Gen. Richard P. Zahner,
USA, has been nominated for appointment to the grade of lieutenant general
and assignment as deputy undersecretary of defense for intelligence, intelligence and warfighting support, Office
of the Under Secretary of Defense for
Intelligence, Washington, D.C.
M a j . G e n . E r i c J.
Rosborg, USAF, has
been assigned as chief,
Office of Defense
Cooperation, Turkey,
U.S. European Command, Ankara, Turkey.
Maj. Gen. Michael A. Vane, USA,
has been nominated for appointment
to the grade of lieutenant general and
assignment as deputy commanding
general, futures/director, Army Capabilities Integration Center, U.S. Army
Training and Doctrine Command,
Fort Monroe, Virginia.
Lt. Gen. Carrol H. Chandler,
USAF, has been nominated for appointment to the grade of general with
assignment as commander, Pacific Air
Forces; air component commander,
U.S. Pacific Command; and executive
director, Pacific Air Combat Operations
Staff, Hickam Air Force Base, Hawaii.
Brig. Gen. Robin Rand, USAF,
has been assigned to the post of commander, Air Combat Command,
Vanguard Integrity Professionals
Incorporated, Las Vegas, announced
that Barry Schrager has been tapped
to become chief security architect.
Edward P. Petkus will join Hawker Beechcraft Corporation as vice
president for new product development in Wichita, Kansas.
El Segundo, California-based Computer Sciences Corporation has elected
its president and chief operating officer,
Michael W. Laphen, a member of the
AFCEA Northern Virginia Chapter, to
the position of chief executive officer.
Berry Gibson will join Inmedius
Incorporated, Pittsburgh, as vice president and general manager of the
Aerospace and Defense Division.
AFCEA Washington
Chapter member Maj.
Charles Cooks, USA
(Ret.), has been promoted to lead the intelligence, civil and national
security programs of
Data Systems Analysts Incorporated at
the Fairfax, Virginia, headquarters.
SkyPort Global Communications
Incorporated, Houston, has selected
Patrick K. Brant as chief executive
officer and president.
Terry M. Ryan has been named as
senior vice president and general
manager of federal government businesses for Mercury Computer Systems Incorporated. He will be based
in Washington, D.C.
Rockville, Maryland-based XTAR
LLC has selected William R.
Schmidt to be vice president of government services.
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INTERNETWORKS
SIGNAL’s guide to Web resources
he Internet is a powerful and
seemingly endless source for
information distribution, and the
availability of so much content
has sparked a growing demand for
more access, more interaction and
more customization and control by its
users. This demand has led to a new
generation of online communities and
hosted services commonly referred to
as Web 2.0. These second-generation
Internet sites specialize in social networking, collaboration and information sharing, and they are putting the
users in control of not only the information they receive but also how and
when they receive it.
T
www.wikia.com
A wiki is a Web site that allows visitors to add, remove and edit information and to provide links to other sites
to facilitate collaboration. Wikia is one
of a collection of sites that host wikis
or groups of wikis on a server. Using
the Wikia site, any individual or group
can submit a request to establish a wiki
built around a defined topic, which
then becomes part of a wiki community. To be accepted on Wikia, a wiki
must have a large potential audience
and be likely to attract enough editors
to maintain it. If the content is narrow
in scope, users can add their information to an already established wiki or
can use the Scratchpad on the Wikia
site. Visitors to Wikia can browse
through a list of categories on the
home page. By clicking on a subcategory such as business, users can view
and comment on current pages. Wikia
is not affiliated financially with the
nonprofit Wikimedia project that manages Wikipedia, a multilingual, Webbased, free-content encyclopedia, and
other projects.
www.digg.com
This social-content Web site
allows users to submit content to be
read and voted on by community
members. The most popular submissions are moved to the site’s main
page. Digg allows people to access
content they find interesting online
and submit it to the home page for
public consumption. Media can
include articles, videos or podcasts.
The page features a function that
allows individuals to promote (digg
it) or vote against (bury) an article or
comment with the click of a mouse.
As a social networking site, it also
allows members of specific interest
communities to track colleagues’
activities as material is shared. The
site’s “upcoming” section allows visitors to view recently added media.
Digg also features tools that allow
users to track specific types of submissions, or they can subscribe to
really simple syndication (RSS)
feeds for particular subjects such as
politics and technology.
research by allowing users to keep
track of their source material. In
addition, individuals are able to create linklogs, which are collections of
links with attached commentary.
Linklogs can be included in the
home page’s blog feature, which
allows users to include del.icio.us
bookmarks on their personal blogs
or home pages. The site can be used
by interest groups to create communal accounts where they can share
and organize relevant tags.
www.afcea.org/signal/blog
SIGNAL Magazine has added
blogs and RSS feeds to its Web site
to address the growing interest in
user controlled content and social
networking. A blog (short for Web
log) is a Web site where entries are
made and displayed in reverse
chronological order. Blogs provide
commentary or news on a particular
subject such as food, politics or
local events.
www.flickr.com
www.afcea.org/signal/
rss.asp#rss
___________
Social networking also includes
imagery. Flickr is an online image
management and sharing application
designed to help individuals make
their images available to others. Digital image files can be loaded onto the
site through a variety of paths, either
from computers or mobile devices.
The home page notes that Flickr
accepts all types of photograph management software. As a social-networking site, other users can comment on
and help organize photographs into
albums or collections.
RSS is a family of Web formats used
to publish frequently updated content.
Software programs called RSS readers
or aggregators are used to access RSS
content. A user subscribes to a feed by
entering a link of the feed into the reader program. The reader can then check
the user’s subscribed feeds to determine
whether any of those feeds have
received new content since the last time
it checked, and if so, retrieve that content and present it to the user.
Aggcompare.com provides a comparison of some RSS aggregators.
http://del.icio.us
Internet users usually create bookmarks to return to their favorite
pages. The del.icio.us home page
allows people to store their bookmarks, or tags, online. As a socialnetworking resource, participants
also can view their friends’ and colleagues’ tags or share links with
them. The site can be used for
Visit SIGNAL Magazine’s home page
at www.afcea.org/signal.
Subscribe to SIGNAL Connections,
AFCEA’s e-newsletter, at
www.afcea.org/signalconnections.
For professional development and
conference information, visit AFCEA’s
home page at www.afcea.org.
SIGNAL, JULY 2007
13
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™
Panasonic
Panasonic recommends
recommends Windows
Windows Vista
Vista™ Business.
Business.
It’s
It’s not
not just
just a
a laptop.
laptop. It’s
It’s
your
your tactical
tactical
operations
lifeline
operations
lifeline
from garrison to field.
from garrison to field.
Full
Full magnesium
magnesium
case with
with durable
durable
case
port
port cover
cover design
design
that withstands
withstands
that
environmental
environmental
elements and
and
elements
2.5-foot
2.5-foot drops
drops
Widescreen 15.4"
15.4"
Widescreen
WUXGA
WUXGA or
or WXGA
WXGA
LCD and
and up
up to
to 512
512
LCD
dedicated video
video
dedicated
RAM—supports
RAM—supports
views
views of
of detailed
detailed
mapping strategies
strategies
mapping
and applications
applications
and
CAC
CAC reader
reader option
option
that
meets
that meets DOD
DOD
security
security standards
standards
Spill-resistant
Spill-resistant
keyboard
keyboard to
to
withstand
withstand field
field
environments
environments
User-removable,
User-removable,
shock-mounted
shock-mounted
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hard
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required like
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other
other MFR
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laptops
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PC is crucial. Panasonic’s new Toughbook® 52 is the mission-critical solution for the US Army. Reliable by design, the Panasonic Toughbook® 52
wireless options ensuring critical, shared communications. Panasonic
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delivers the power and performance with features such as the Intel® Core™ 2 Duo processor, up to 4GB RAM and 120GB hard drive as well as
options such as service light. Additionally, Panasonic’s standard three-year warranty includes the renowned military service depot—Tobyhanna
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PCs are covered by a 3-year limited warranty, parts and labor. To view the full text of the warranty, log on to ___________________
panasonic.com/business/toughbook/support.asp. Please consult your Panasonic representative prior to purchase.
©2007
Panasonic
of North
America.
All rights
OperationsLifeline_Army_FY07_v1
Intel, Intel
logo, IntelCorporation
Centrino, Intel
Centrino
logo, Intel
Inside,reserved.
Intel Inside
logo and Pentium are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries. Toughbook notebook
PCs are covered by a 3-year limited warranty, parts and labor. To view the full text of the warranty, log on to panasonic.com/business/toughbook/support.asp. Please consult your Panasonic representative prior to purchase.
©2007 Panasonic Corporation of North America. All rights reserved. OperationsLifeline_Army_FY07_v1
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The goal of the Joint Tactical Radio System (JTRS) program is to replace all
of the services’ legacy radios with a family of software programmable radios
capable of operating on many frequencies to enhance military interoperability.
Transformational Radio
Program Moves Ahead
After a major reconfiguration, systems
ready for final tests, initial production.
he U.S. Defense Department’s
By Henry
ambitious effort to develop and
field a family of multipurpose
software-defined radios is beginning to make
progress after numerous setbacks. The Joint Tactical Radio System program’s goal is to replace the
services’ myriad radios with equipment designed for joint
interoperability. The project is back on track after cost
overruns and a lack of oversight in key areas drew govern-
T
ment criticism and forced it to undergo a
major reorganization in March 2006.
Program officials explain that the reorganization included changes in the way business is conducted and technological developments are managed
(SIGNAL Connections, May 2006). According to Howard
Pace, deputy joint program executive officer, Joint Program Executive Office, Joint Tactical Radio System
(JPEO JTRS), San Diego, the program has focused on
S. Kenyon
SIGNAL, JULY 2007
15
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______
three goals since it was restructured:
risk management, program execution, and product interoperability
and security.
For risk management, a key tenet
is to control risk across the enterprise. This stewardship applies to
the JTRS product lines and internal
organizational efforts with personnel, manpower and infrastructure.
By determining the appropriate
risk level for each of the program’s
systems, the JPEO seeks to develop
and produce JTRS capabilities
while managing cost, schedule and
performance issues, Pace says. The
ultimate goal for the executive
office is meeting warfighter needs
by developing a secure and interoperable system. “This [capability] is
Manportable JTRS equipment is scheduled for initial production and fielding
critical to providing a truly interopin 2009.The new handheld, manpack and small form fit radios will allow
erable mobile ad hoc networking
warfighters to use one multipurpose radio to communicate with ground and
capability that is effectively protectair units instead of the several separate systems that currently are in service.
ed,” he maintains.
A major part of the restructuring
effort was the launching of the JTRS enterprise business
model (EBM) in July 2006. The EBM is designed to make
the program governance process more efficient by streamlining many management steps while maintaining oversight and transparency.
The model also moves the program away from a closed,
proprietary business model to a more open environment.
Pace notes that this shift includes obtaining government
rights for all of the software and waveforms and maintaining data in a common JTRS information repository. By following the EBM, he says, the JPEO expects to maximize
technology reuse and cut development costs for new software and upgrades. Approximately four million lines of
code have been stored in the repository as of May. The
information repository enables configuration management
and control of software objects, and it permits quality
assessments of products before they are posted for downloading by authorized users, he observes.
A final principle of the EBM is to maximize competition
and increase industry accountability. Pace states that the goals
are cost savings and interoperability, especially when the
JTRS subprograms move into production. He adds that the
JPEO is ensuring that all of its contracts are “backloaded” to
provide the maximum incentive for vendors to deliver solutions within budget, schedule and performance parameters.
In March a report by the U.S. Government Accountability Office concluded that the JPEO JTRS was making progress but that technical challenges and risks
remained. The report indicated that the restructured program was allowing more time to mature critical technologies, integrate components and test radio systems
____________
before moving to production. Pace notes that the pro______________
gram achieved this through an incremental approach that
16
SIGNAL, JULY 2007
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_______________
_________
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“They said it
couldn’t be done.
We said give us
three months.”
Charles Ohiri
Senior RF Engineer
AR Modular RF
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18
SIGNAL, JULY 2007
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defers developing the system’s more challenging
requirement to later increments.
After the program was reorganized, the JPEO JTRS
began implementing new roles and responsibilities to
define authority and program requirements. Among the
changes was signing and implementing JTRS terms of reference, which strengthened and centralized the JPEO’s
responsibilities to oversee the initiative. JTRS also was
selected as a pilot program for a new governance process
for joint programs.
Major modifications to the traditional program governance
process were incorporated to accelerate the fielding of radios
to users. Pace explains that JTRS streamlined a two-tiered
decision-making strategy that involved a JTRS executive
council and a board of directors with members from the
requirements, funding and acquisitions communities.
Originally structured around five operational clusters,
the JTRS program regrouped these development efforts
into four domains: ground, handheld, airborne and maritime, and network enterprises. Perhaps the most troubled of the various JTRS subprograms was Cluster 1,
now the ground domain. Originally slated to provide
radios for both ground vehicles and helicopters, the program was restructured several times. In its latest version,
the ground mobile radio (GMR) domain supports systems mounted on trucks and fighting vehicles.
In April the GMR component underwent a demonstration at Fort Huachuca, Arizona. The event included a live
GMR transmission, a static display of the radios and legacy
equipment, and an overview from the U.S. Army Training
and Doctrine Command capabilities manager. Pace notes
that a key part of this event was the live demonstration of
the GMR from a simulated tactical operations center.
The JTRS GMR was mounted on a high mobility multipurpose wheeled vehicle (HMMWV) for this demonstration, and the equipment associated with the radio—speakers, microphones and laptop computers—was linked to the
operations center. Two other HMMWV-mounted GMRs
were located some 10 kilometers from the operations center, while a fourth GMR was set up in a building 2.1 kilometers away. The scenario focused on using voice channels
for communications on the command and operations network and the intelligence network.
The demonstration featured a nine-node network with
four nodes configured with a four-channel JTRS GMR
unit. Each radio was configured with the wideband network waveform (WNW), the enhanced position location
reporting system (EPLRS) and single channel ground
and airborne radio system (SINCGARS) waveforms. The
WNW and SINCGARS were operated in an unclassified
mode, while the EPLRS ran in a cryptographic data
mode to demonstrate the multiple single layers of security capability.
Throughout the event, the GMRs conducted simultaneous operations with the WNW, SINCGARS and EPLRS
waveforms. Pace notes that the GMR SINCGARS command and operations network and intelligence network
were demonstrated individually and simultaneously. Two
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of the four GMRs were reconfigured during the event by
the addition of a second SINCGARS waveform. The
EPLRS channel provided connectivity to the EPLRS data
network. He says this capability was a joint endeavor
because two of the nine nodes were legacy EPLRS units
mounted on U.S. Marine Corps vehicles, while the rest
were installed on Army vehicles.
Pace explains that the demonstration proved the GMR’s
ability to send and receive graphics from other EPLRS
radios. The event also highlighted the radio’s capacity for
supporting the EPLRS network manager without a current
force radio. The use of the WNW for text messaging, video
and whiteboarding further displayed the GMR’s capabilities. He adds that the mobile ad hoc networking capability
was shown by two vehicle-mounted radios streaming
video, whiteboard and text message applications.
Prior to the April event, Pace notes, the four-channel
GMR successfully had completed laboratory tests. The
radio demonstrated the ability to operate the EPLRS, the
WNW, SINCGARS and voice and data simultaneously.
Following the laboratory tests, a field experiment validated
the GMR’s increased waveform and networking functionality. He says that the GMR program office delivered the
last of 50 prototypes to the Future Combat Systems (FCS)
project. The program office continues to support FCS and
is coordinating with the initiative for a limited user test.
As part of the program’s ground domain, the JTRS
Handheld, Manpack and Small Form Fit (HMS) program
office is developing a variety of radios, some weighing as
little as 5 ounces, that will be embedded in many platforms
to create battlefield networks. The JTRS HMS sets are
designed specifically to connect the last tactical mile with
command and control elements at higher echelons. This
connectivity will create a real-time common operating picture for warfighters throughout the battlespace.
The JTRS HMS features a software programmable architecture that allows new waveforms and upgrades to be loaded
via radio transmissions. Pace explains that the ability to
upgrade waveforms and other programs in the field rapidly is
part of the U.S. Army’s transformation vision and the Defense
Department’s Joint Vision 2020 initiative. The JTRS HMS
effort currently is undergoing contractor development testing,
with fielding scheduled to begin in the 2009 fiscal year.
Another part of the overall JTRS program is the development of the Multifunctional Information Distribution System
(MIDS). Pace says that the MIDS program is approaching
another milestone. Personnel released a request for proposal
for Phase 2D of the tactical targeting network technology in
March. The MIDS project recently completed a critical design
review and received a National Security Agency (NSA) concurrence letter. He adds that MIDS/Link 16 also completed
the requirements of the NSA technical review board, which is
a significant step toward NSA certification.
Pace notes that the major method for reducing the programs’ collective risk was developing a close working
relationship with the NSA. This cooperation includes
technical interchange meetings, weekly teleconferences
to discuss design and security issues, quarterly program
management reviews and a quarterly summit to synchronize JTRS efforts with the FCS program.
The JTRS program’s network enterprise domain effort
delivered version 2.0 of the WNW in January. Version 2.1 of
the Soldier-Level Integrated Communications Environment
waveform also successfully completed technical field testing.
Pace explains that independent testers ran the evaluations in
an operationally realistic environment at the command, control, communications, computers, intelligence, surveillance
and reconnaissance testbed at Fort Dix, New Jersey.
The JPEO JTRS also released a request for proposal for the
single channel handheld radio in March. Pace says that the
JPEO intends to award contracts that can consolidate service
and U.S. Southern Command requests for JTRS-approved
handheld radios. He explains that the goal of combining these
contracts is to reduce unit costs because the services and the
command will not have to issue separate contracts in smaller
lot sizes.
WEB RESOURCE
JPEO JTRS: http://enterprise.spawar.navy.mil/
body.cfm?type=c&category=27&subcat=60
_____________________________
_____________________
SIGNAL, JULY 2007
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District of Columbia emergency personnel have been
using the Wireless Accelerated Responder Network, a pilot
program, for three years.The equipment comprises a PC
card inserted in a laptop computer and antennas.
Capital Region
Forges Wireless Way
Area’s public safety personnel exhibit
unprecedented cooperation to set system in motion.
he U.S. seat of power will be home to the
clear status as a prime target for terrorists intensifies
country’s first regional communications net- By Maryann the need for smooth communications at the flip of a
Lawlor
work of networks to link police, firefighters
switch. Exacerbating the challenge is the interwoven
and first responders. Working with its geonature of the National Capital Region, which encomgraphic neighbors, Washington, D.C., begins acceppasses the district, five municipalities and 12 cities in two
tance testing of the network within the district next
neighboring states, comprising nearly 10 million people.
month. Once fully in place, the system will enable emergency
When tragedy strikes in one area, emergency personnel in the
personnel throughout the National Capital Region to commuregion spring into action regardless of the location of their
nicate and share information seamlessly with each other.
home base. While the sentiment is admirable, the feat can be
Circumventing interoperability problems has been as much
thwarted by devices that do not talk to each other.
a part of emergency response procedure in the District of
The district’s first project to fix the problem was
Columbia as it has throughout the country. However, the city’s
unveiled in September 2004. Called the Wireless Acceler-
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21
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ated Responder Network (WARN), it was the first citywide
broadband wireless public safety network in the United
States. A pilot network with an experimental license in the
700 megahertz (MHz) band, WARN’s first deployment into
the field was the presidential inauguration in January 2005.
WARN comprises 12 radio sites and approximately
200 network devices in the form of PC cards and
portable access devices. This equipment facilitates wireless connectivity between local and federal personnel
using public safety mobile devices in the District of
Columbia. In addition, the cards enable users to access
computer applications that in the past were accessible
only at their desktop computers.
Including the Metro public transit rail tunnels, the network covers 95 percent of the district. The peak data uplink
rate is 900 kilobits per second, with an average uplink rate
of 300 kilobits per second. The peak and average data
downlink rates are 3 megabits per second and 900 kilobits
per second, respectively.
This dedicated public safety network, which does not
compete with cellular or commercial equipment users in
the area, provides law enforcement personnel with sustained communications on the move throughout the city.
As an all-Internet-protocol (IP) network, it features static
IP addresses. Applications include video, chemical and
Researchers from the National Institute of Standards
and Technology performed experiments to determine
how to improve emergency radio communications at
the former Washington Convention Center before,
during and after its demolition.The work explored the
communication problems first responders run into
when operating within buildings.
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Individual communities have purchased equipment to
solve communications interoperability problems. The
Tillamook County sheriff’s department in Oregon
currently is using a mobile command/communications
vehicle created by National Interop Incorporated. The
vehicle features radio over Internet protocol
communications and is one of the first systems of its
kind deployed to a public safety agency.
biological sensor monitoring, vehicle tracking, traffic camera access and e-mail.
But as impressive as these capabilities are, the district’s
technology leaders are coordinating an effort that will
make the communications in the region even more comprehensive: the Regional Wireless Broadband Network
(RWBN). Robert LeGrande II, deputy chief technology
officer, District of Columbia, explains that the first step
toward making the network a reality was establishing a
user group of representatives from law enforcement and
emergency services. This team helped district personnel
better understand the public safety and emergency
response working environments. In addition, group members described the kinds of applications that first responders need to do their jobs. The district then shared this
insight with jurisdictions in the region.
With this information in mind, the lead regional communicators determined that it would be better to design a network of networks rather than to build network silos. “We
decided that it would be great if we had the same technology and same frequency and did this at the same time. We
leveraged our regional investment to accomplish it, and
that’s what we’ve been working on for the past two years,”
LeGrande explains. And ensuring interoperability right
from the start is a good idea, he emphasizes. “It’s harder,
but it’s smarter. You can quote me on that.”
In February, the National Capital Region chose AlcatelLucent as its equipment infrastructure vendor for the
RWBN. The network will have the capacity to transmit
video, data and voice communications with peak speeds of
nearly 5 megabits per second using only a paired 1.25-MHz
channel. Police officers will have PCs in their cars with a
broadband connection that will allow them to download
information in real time. They also will have real-time
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access to all of their desktop applications. If
the squad car has a camera in it, officers will
be able to stream video into the vehicle at
any location. Global positioning systems
installed in the cars will enable headquarters
personnel to locate officers who need help.
“Those are just some of the out-of-thebox basics. Imagine having a huge broadband wireless network pipe to potentially
every vehicle in the city, which is private to
our core networks. This is not only within
the city; the goal is to roam from place to
place and provide mutual aid to the region.
The good news about these networks is that
they can scale to include voice. So imagine
that several years from now you’ll have integrated video, voice and data devices. That
sounds like a leap of faith, but I’d say my
daughter has a phone that does that right
now. It is a little more complex than that, I’ll admit, but the
reality of it is that the commercial carriers are investing billions on innovation so we can bring that innovation to the first
responders,” LeGrande explains. Ruggedized well-tested
commercial solutions could be the foundation of the communications capabilities the National Capital Region emergency
personnel need, he adds.
In this network-of-networks design, each jurisdiction maintains and retains control over its own assets and determines
who is allowed to communicate using these state-of-the-art
technologies. However, the RWBN will provide seamless
roaming for users between the jurisdictions without the need
to switch channels. “It roams just like the cellular networks
roam from base station to base station,” LeGrande relates.
To provide this capability, the district chose Evolution-Data
Only Revision A (EV-DO Rev. A), a wireless radio broadband
data standard that code division multiple access, or CDMA,
cellular service providers such as Sprint and Verizon use
worldwide. “In a perfect world—and that’s what we’re going
for—we’ll be able to compete a roaming agreement between
one of those major carriers. Once we roam out of our network, and even if it’s a redundant network, we’ll be able to
roam onto the commercial networks so our first responders
will continue to have broadband wireless access,” he notes.
Ten base stations already are in place in the district. The
network will be extended throughout the region during the
next several years; the installation time line depends on
National Capital Region government leaders as well as decision makers in the federal government and the resources they
choose to commit to the effort. The goal is to install seven
base stations in the remaining sectors of the region, and
LeGrande’s team currently is determining where those stations should be located.
The RWBN team has been very satisfied with its decision
to use EV-DO. “Its technology evolution path is solid. The
early testing of the EV-DO Rev. A product is outstanding, so
we’re really excited about that,” he notes.
Unlike other technology rollouts where new systems
are brought into established organizations, cultural hurOfficial Publication of AFCEA
Some communities have turned to academia to solve
public safety communications interoperability problems.
The Georgia Office of Homeland Security/Georgia
Emergency Management Agency worked with the
Georgia Tech Research Institute to implement a
statewide interoperable communications system.
__________________
_______________
SIGNAL, JULY 2007
23
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dles are not likely to surface, LeGrande predicts. “Keep
in mind that this is not different from the land mobile
radio environment. It’s traditionally been the first
responders who have been developing the network and
maintaining it. They are the ones who, by and large
throughout the country, are responsible for building and
procuring a network.
“This project is being sponsored by the information
technology folks within the region, and it’s not something
___________
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SIGNAL, JULY 2007
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they have right now, but it’s something that we’re going to
introduce to them,” he explains. “We’re planning on having our acceptance test of the network in August 2007,
meaning that it will then be ready for operational use. We
won’t just throw it out there into the field. We’ll introduce
it through training and deployment in a responsible way
that is consistent with what the leaders of the first responder forces agree it should be. Once law enforcement and
emergency response personnel see the benefit of the
RWBN, such as being able to see
video of a fire taken with infrared
cameras from a helicopter hovering
above a burning building, the network’s value will be evident.”
While cultural issues may not be as
challenging as they are in many other
environments, other problems have surfaced as the district coordinated the setup
of the RWBN. Any proposals that
involve the 700-MHz band are controversial, as these airwaves may serve as the
last opportunity for new organizations to
enter the wireless market when it is auctioned later this year, LeGrande notes.
In April the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) adopted a
Report and Order and a Further Notice
of Proposed Rulemaking that address
the rules governing wireless licenses in
the 698-to 806-MHz spectrum band.
Television broadcasters currently occupy this part of the spectrum, but the
transition to digital television in February 2009 will free it for other uses.
FCC proceedings have been ongoing in three areas related to this topic,
one of which specifically addresses
the public safety communications
issue. This spring the commissioners
tentatively concluded that the current
public safety wideband allocation
should be revised so that only broadband applications consistent with a
nationwide interoperability standard
will be deployed. In addition, the
FCC provisionally decided that it
should consolidate the 700-MHz public safety spectrum by merging the
narrowband spectrum at the upper
portion of the public safety allocation
and the broadband spectrum at the
lower portion. These moves, combined with the FCC’s proposal to
establish a national public safety
licensee, support the commission’s
goal to establish a nationwide interoperable wireless broadband capability for public safety.
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Given this nationwide objective, the National Capital
Region’s RWBN puts the area ahead of the pack. But
LeGrande points out that this does not mean that plans
have proceeded without a hitch. Wrangling among the
private sector, the FCC and Congress threatened to
delay work as the three groups made decisions that
could have taken the spectrum away from the public
safety sector.
Some organizations have proposed that the commercial sector be the primary users of the 700-MHz band
(SIGNAL Magazine, April 2007, page 61). Public safety
personnel would have priority in emergencies, during
which the spectrum would be turned over to them.
LeGrande notes several problems with this approach.
“First of all, priority of service has not been something
that has been well tested. So we’re talking about something that we need to build. Second, it would have to be
built on the fly. Although there is priority of pre-emptive
service, it doesn’t exist yet. That’s one concern we
would have with the public/private-only approach.
You’re really talking about capacity. We’re in a major
urban area, and we have a high volume of users—first
responders and public services and different folks—who
would be on a potential private network. Rural areas
don’t have the capacity challenges that we would have,
so prioritization is actually easier,” he states.
The broadband world is very dynamic, LeGrande
adds. “We have users who are streaming video, collecting high-value information. They’re just doing all types
of things that really eat up the bandwidth and that
require management at a much more granular level.
That’s why we have a strong belief that we need our private networks to manage our resources. Otherwise, we’ll
be in jeopardy of not being able to get the right person
the right capacity at the critical time,” he says.
LeGrande credits the first responders in the region for
the progress that has been accomplished on this project.
“None of this can be done without an outstanding partnership in the region and without our first responders
saying, ‘We will do this together; we will set up mutual
aid agreements.’ We’re taking advantage of things that
they’ve done years before the technology was built.
They shook hands after the [Air Florida Flight 90]
plane wreck in 1982 and said, ‘We’re going to communicate better in the region,’ and that’s why technology
can work. Where first responders say they’re going to
work together, technology is an enabler. It’s not the
thing, but it’s an enabling aspect of it that makes it
finally possible; it’s impossible without that collaboration,” he states.
WEB RESOURCES
District of Columbia: www.dc.gov
D.C. Office of the Chief Technology Officer:
http://octo.dc.gov
F
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SIGNAL, JULY 2007
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Communications
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OrderOne Networks performed a test of its mesh network
with 720 nodes at Wireless Information Network
Laboratory’s Open Access Research Testbed for NextGeneration Wireless Networks at Rutgers University.
No Node Left Behind
Individuals, vehicles and other platforms may
connect while leaving capacity for user needs.
to keep the network whole.
dvances in technoloBy Rita Christopher Davies, chief techgy soon may make
Boland nology officer, OrderOne
large-scale mesh netNetworks, has created a mesh
works a reality. The
network technology that permits hundevelopments will create a
dreds of nodes to operate while bandsystem that can handle
width use remains between .0062
hundreds of sensors without occupypercent and 6 percent. A mesh network
ing all the available bandwidth. The
is a group of wired technologies or
advancements improve communicanodes that are connected through a
tion among mobile nodes and support
low-bandwidth sensors.
series of access points; there are at
Mesh networks traditionally have
least two pathways to each node.
trouble scaling up in size because the
The OrderOne technology was
bandwidth needed to support large
recently demonstrated with 720 nodes
on 400 radios at the Wireless Informanumbers of nodes grows at an expotion Network Laboratory (WINLAB)
nential rate. When the networks reach
Open Access Research Testbed for
a certain size, they stop working
because all the bandwidth is consumed
Next-Generation Wireless Networks
A
(ORBIT) at Rutgers University in
New Jersey. In contrast, other mesh
network tests at the laboratory with
only 200 nodes have failed. In
OrderOne’s WINLAB experiment, the
testers used nodes with different chips
to test a network with various sensors.
Ivan Seskar, associate director of
information technology for WINLAB,
confirms that the test took place and
says the technology would provide a
“significant improvement of what is
publicly available.” However, he did not
independently verify and could not confirm the accuracy of the results. Seskar
explains that researchers at Rutgers are
in the process of assessing various protocols, including the OrderOne technol-
SIGNAL, JULY 2007
27
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ogy, in an academic comparison, not an
industry evaluation.
Other organizations, military and private, are experimenting with the
OrderOne mesh network technology to
determine its viability, and one company has licensed it.
Davies credits his prior lack of
experience of mesh networks with his
network’s success. Instead of
researching previous efforts, he examined the mechanisms necessary for
the routing protocol he required for
use on a separate project.
The first mechanism is the tree structure implicit in every mesh network.
Conventional routing protocols force a
hierarchy onto the network, breaking
the network into groups, then into
groups of groups and so on. The
OrderOne protocol reveals a tree structure that directly reflects the topology
of the network that underlies it. “As the
network moves and changes, the
OrderOne Networks tree structure
moves and shifts with the network
because the OrderOne Networks tree
structure mirrors the actual network
configuration,” Davies explains.
Conventional routing protocols
have to break and rebuild their tree
structures when the networks move or
change. In contrast, the OrderOne
protocol can operate without experiencing performance problems even
when the tree is in flux.
Another difference between conventional methods and the OrderOne protocol is the use of the tree to route data.
OrderOne does not route data through
the tree structure; it uses the tree only
to find the first route when one does not
exist. “This first route is then optimized
to be the absolute best route between
the two communicating nodes,” Davies
states. Conventional hierarchical routing protocols use the head node in each
of the groups to route data, resulting in
hot spots and the failure to find an alternate path between nodes.
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The second routing protocol
mechanism is Fisheye State Routing. In this type of routing, the closer nodes in the network are to a specific node, the more often those
other nodes will send information
about that node. In large networks,
nodes that are far away are of less
importance than nodes nearby.
Davies uses a modified version of
this approach in which the setting of
node importance is extended along
the line of communication rather
than occurring just at a single node.
When the router sends route
updates, neighboring nodes will
inform each other about other nodes
and how far away they are. Over
time, every node in the network will
know every other node and a route
to reach every other node.
When the network reaches a certain
size, too many node updates are
included in one control packet, and at
that point, the network must decide
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________
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which route updates are the most
important to send.
The OrderOne network is aware of
where data is flowing. Even if users
are a long distance from node A, the
network could recognize a nearby
connection path to node A and send
updates about that node often in order
to help maintain and improve the
communication path. The frequency
and maximum size of the control
packets can be controlled by the network administrator but are fixed for
any given network application.
The mechanisms that allow for
scalability also allow communication
among highly mobile nodes. As long
as network users stay within range of
one of the routers, they can communicate with the network. Connectivity
is a result of speed versus radio
range. High-speed communication
results when information packets are
sent out more quickly.
In a radius of 200 miles, a node
traveling at 60 miles per hour can
transmit packets every second to
keep the network intact. “The
important thing for the mobility is
that the frequency of packets is correlated to radio range and to speed,”
Davies states.
Another feature of OrderOne’s
mesh network is its ability to work
with low-power devices on the same
network as high-power devices.
Users can integrate low-capacity
sensors into much larger networks, a
unique feature among mesh network
protocols. Current networks count
on all nodes being equal, but according to Davies, his network makes
different assumptions. All types of
sensors can interoperate on the same
converged, heterogeneous network
without the need to break the sensors
into distinct groups. “We can have
all these devices in one seamless
network,” he explains.
Davies says his technology has
generated interest from the military
and large U.S. defense contractors. It
has applications for network centricity because it could connect nodes
such as platforms, devices and people
without requiring a series of connections or hacks. OrderOne’s routing
protocol would support every device
The Coalition Warrior Interoperability Demonstration (CWID) 2006
Coalition Forces Air Component commander views part of the maps
and overlays representing fictitious positions of friendly and enemy
forces in an unclassified scenario at his operational position.
OrderOne’s mesh network technology was used in CWID 2007.
on a converged network, although
Davies warns that this could cause
security concerns. However, the
OrderOne technology gives the military flexibility to make decisions
about security issues, which he
believes is important for programs
such as Future Combat Systems.
Davies asserts that as more robots
deploy to the field, communications
networks need to be 100 percent
automated, self-forming and selfhealing. In systems limited to a few
hundred nodes, network centricity
cannot happen the way planners envision it. Instead, a routing protocol
that allows all nodes to operate on
one network is required. “It sounds
like a grand claim, but we have done
it,” he shares. “We have not been
given a test yet we have not been able
to meet.”
OrderOne’s protocol is compatible
with Internet protocol version 4 and
version 6. The system’s protocol has
the unique property of being able to
distribute information through a network. For example, if a network
included a tank, information could
be attached to that node to share
how much fuel the tank has. Or soldier nodes could provide information on the soldiers’ health or when
____________
SIGNAL, JULY 2007
29
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they last fired a gun. The information can be stored in a database,
allowing network users to search for
information they need.
OrderOne’s network could improve
military communications by including
low-bandwidth sensors and providing
the information military members
need more quickly. The network
does not store information in a central database, and it caches information in an encrypted manner. Users
can query about 100,000 sensors at
once instead of querying each individually. For example, users could
query the location of all AK-47
rifles fired in the past hour and
almost instantly have the information because the network has cached
that data. The process requires no
human administration.
The database also could tie into
logistics and the supply chain. Convoys could send an alert that they
need a certain supply such as fuel,
and the database could inform the
convoys of the closest locations for
refueling and how long it will take to
reach those sites. Personnel can use
the network to send messages and
obtain information. “It’s in code,
ready to be used now,” Davies says.
The U.S. Navy is interested in
OrderOne’s mesh network technology, and the Space and Naval Warfare
Systems Command (SPAWAR) sponsored the technology in the Coalition
Warrior Interoperability Demonstration (CWID) 2007 in May and June.
SPAWAR is the Combined Forces
Maritime Component commander for
the demonstration. Companies inter-
ested in participating in CWID
answer a federal business opportunity
and are required to have sponsorship
from a U.S. government agency or
coalition government. According to
Robert Whitney, SPAWAR CWID
lead, his organization raised its hand
to be a U.S. sponsor for OrderOne
because SPAWAR is interested in
mesh networks.
Technologies that are demonstrated successfully at CWID can
advance to an operational experiment then move into a program of
record. Technologies follow this vet-
Smart Accessories With the AFCEA Logo
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BEMaGS
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This chart shows the convergence of a 900-node network organized into a 30 x
30 grid where only adjacent nodes are able to exchange control packets. Fortyone control packets, not exceeding 300 bytes, need to be sent by each node to
reach convergence. At convergence, every node has a route to every other node.
The maximum control packet size and frequency can vary by the integrator.
The Membership Shoppe
30
A
ting process to ensure they meet all
the Navy’s requirements as a program of record. Results from CWID
were not available at publication but
will be posted on the CWID Web
site that is listed under Web
Resources at the end of the article.
Dr. S. Jeffrey Besser, SPAWAR science and technology lead for experimentation, saw the OrderOne mesh
network technology demonstrated at
an event on network centricity and
recommended it for CWID inclusion.
He says that if the technology can be
proven, it will be a boon for the Navy
because it will allow sailors to scale
and communicate. “[OrderOne’s
mesh network] can be self-organized,
and it can self-heal,” Besser shares.
“That’s why it’s really important.”
Whitney states that OrderOne also
has asserted its ability to demonstrate
its mesh network capabilities while
using low bandwidth. “The value of
OrderOne is really the value of mesh
networks,” he shares.
At the tactical edge, where personnel operate in the battlespace or in
emergency response situations, the
technology will keep them in touch
with one another. Besser believes this
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is a specific military advantage that
w i l l h e l p i m p r ove t h e c o m m o n
operating and common tactical pictures, increase awareness and speed
decision making.
OrderOne’s mesh network also
could improve tactical edge communications through its ability to handle
large sensor fields. Those fields are
remote and have a small capacity, yet
they must transmit information to the
users and, depending on the circumstances, coordinate with and locate
each other. The technology would be
valuable in disruptive, dangerous situations because it can self-heal and
can be used on fast-moving vehicles.
Besser says the potential is enormous
for decreasing the time between sensing and shooting.
OrderOne’s capabilities would fit
into the military’s goal to create network centricity by connecting various
nodes in one network. “The power of
network centricity is the power of all
those nodes communicating at once,”
Besser shares. Connecting nodes
while using a minimum of bandwidth
also is critical for the military. “That
has been a stumbling block until
now,” Besser states.
Private industry is interested in the
OrderOne mesh network as well.
Fortress Technologies has licensed
the protocol to use in its Fortress
Secure Wireless Access Bridge
ES520, which is an all-in-one network access device with built-in
security. The ES520 combines the
functions of an access point, Ethernet
switch and security gateway. Fortress
plans to integrate the OrderOne technology into the product by the end of
the year.
“The reason we chose OrderOne is
they are very judicious in the amount
of bandwidth they use,” Magued Barsoum, chief technical architect at
Fortress Technologies, explains. He
continues that this allows users plenty
of bandwidth for data. With
OrderOne’s mesh network, Fortress
can maintain a 5 percent bandwidth
overhead, which Barsoum describes
as a unique feature.
The combination of speed, mobility, size and the ability to connect
seamlessly with hundreds of other
nodes also is important to Barsoum
and Fortress. They plan to use the
OrderOne technology to provide
meshing down to the soldier level
from other nodes such as ones
mounted on land vehicles, unmanned
aerial vehicles, the sides of buildings
and other locations.
WEB RESOURCES
OrderOne Networks:
www.orderonenetworks.com
SPAWAR: www.spawar.navy.mil
Rutgers University WINLAB:
www.winlab.rutgers.edu
CWID: www.cwid.js.mil
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misplaced information is not compromised. James Diercks, program
manager, SME PED, L-3 Communiportable device that will be
cation Systems–East, shares that the
among the first of its kind to
system “provides a secure data-atincorporate secure voice
rest capability that also allows users
capability as well as eto store their classified information.”
mail and personal digital
A main feature of the device is a
assistant functionality is on
push e-mail capability for SIPRNET
schedule for distribution by the end of
users. Both versions of SME PED
the year. The device’s features will
include secure multipurpose Internet
include secure transmission up to Top
mail extensions encryption—a comSecret level for voice and up to Secret
mercial-off-the-shelf technology for
level for data. Its small, integrated packsensitive but unclassified security.
age will enable troops to take advantage
Push e-mail technology sends
of these features while they are mobile.
information that would go to a desktop
The National Security Agency (NSA)
computer in an office automatically to
contracted General Dynamics C4 Systhe handheld. Pull e-mail is Web-based,
tems and L-3 Communications Syssuch as Hotmail, and requires users to
tems–East to develop the secure mobile
log into an account. According to Tom
environment portable electronic device
Liggett, Sectéra Edge product manager
(SME PED). The effort has been underat General Dynamics C4 Systems, “the
way since June 2005, with fielding
L-3 Communications Systems–East is
push technology has never been done
expected this year. Each company was
introducing the L-3 Guardian, a
in a secure mode before.”
required to develop a device that meets
secure mobile environment portable
Push e-mail is one feature that
the standards for providing converged
electronic device (SME PED) that
makes SME PED unique in the acquisecure voice and data with Top Secret
provides wireless voice transmission
sition arena. Diercks states, “There is
voice capability and secure e-mail via the
up to Top Secret level and data
communications up to Secret level.
no other device like this on the market
secret Internet protocol router network
today.” The product combines Secure
(SIPRNET) on a personal digital assisCommunications Interoperability Protant device. Both models are ruggedized.
tocol (SCIP) and High Assurance Internet Protocol Encryptor
“SME PED utilizes commercial technology to the fullest
(HAIPE) Type 1 security, the latest commercial technology, a
extent possible in a secure voice and data product and proWindows-based user interface and multimedia applications all
vides functionality and a user experience that is very similar
on a small, light mobile device. “It is the start of a new generto commercially available products,” says Richard Scalco,
ation of secure wireless products that will provide new wirechief, Edge Systems Solutions Engineering at the NSA. Both
less capabilities to the warfighter,” Diercks says.
SME PEDs will be fielded, creating competition in the marDiercks anticipates the development of a generation of
ketplace. L-3 calls its device the L-3 Guardian, and General
wireless tablets and other devices that complement what
Dynamics titles its product the Sectéra Edge.
already is on the market. “I think that may be dictated
SME PED is a mobile, handheld secure voice and data
by the warfighters and what their needs are,” he states.
communications technology through which users will be
Liggett agrees that SME PED is peerless in today’s marable to access classified information wirelessly, and it will
ket. A unique feature of the device will allow high-speed
protect stored data. All data is encrypted so that lost or
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ing body for connection to the SIPRNET
and approves SME PED and supporting
architecture for access to the SIPRNET. It
also allows SME PED to be used on the
U.S. Department of Homeland Security
secret network.
The same strategy supports Commercial
Carrier certification enabling SME PED to
be used on the commercial dual-band code
division multiple access (CDMA) and the
quad-band global system for mobile communications (GSM) systems. The use of
these frequencies allows the device to communicate worldwide.
Diercks states, “Our SME PED also utilizes replaceable radio frequency module
technology so that a CDMA SME PED can
be converted to a GSM SME PED if a user
General Dynamics C4 Systems is developing the Sectéra Edge
so desires.” General Dynamics’ Sectéra
SME PED for the National Security Agency. The device utilizes
Edge has interchangeable modules for
commercial-off-the-shelf technology for secure voice and data
CDMA and GSM, and it will have a Wi-Fi
functionality and is ruggedized. Fielding of the technology is
module available.
expected to take place later this year.
Liggett shares that the General Dynamics
product interoperates with wireline termiwireless access into the SIPRNET and the nonsecure
nals and secure terminal equipment. Customers have
Internet protocol router network (NIPRNET). “Today
expressed interest in the feature that supports a U.S.
there really is no means for a mobile government user to
Defense Department Public Key Infrastructure-enabled
access those networks wirelessly,” Liggett notes.
common access card (CAC). “That’s an emerging
According to developers, SME PED will provide a sigrequirement that’s really becoming prevalent especially
nificant advantage to warfighters because they currently
in the Army right now,” Liggett explains. L-3’s
cannot take their secure information with them when they
Guardian also provides CAC support.
are on the move. The developers expect secure e-mail to
Another security feature of the Sectéra Edge Liggett
be the driver application, at least initially. In addition, the
mentions is the secret compartmented information facilismall size of the device enhances the mobile advantage.
ties (SCIF) friendly mode, in which a single button press
Troops and other personnel can slip SME PED into a
disables all the wireless function on the device so it can be
pocket or clip it to a belt.
carried into a SCIF or another secure location. “That’s not
SME PED takes advantage of the latest commercially
on any other device,” Liggett says. A press of a button also
available technology, adding specialized hardware and
switches from red to black communications.
software to provide specific functionality as necessary.
Both SME PEDs are backward compatible with the
“The specific implementation details to meet performance
existing protocol of fielded SCIP and HAIPE products.
as well as security requirements have been left to the ingeLiggett, Scalco and Diercks all say the technology can
nuity and creativeness of the contractors developing the
enable secure communications among first responders,
product,” Scalco states.
Homeland Security personnel and state and federal govAdvances in the electronics miniaturization of cell
ernment officials.
phone and personal digital assistant technology have
Liggett also mentions two other user communities that
allowed both General Dynamics and L-3 to create a spewill benefit from SME PED. One of those groups is stratecialized product with form, fit and functionality similar to
gic users—mainly military officers and senior staff—who
other commercial products. “These market advances also
need BlackBerry capabilities and access to secure e-mail.
directly supported the SME PED development time frame
“That’s the killer application, the secure wireless e-mail,”
of 24 months start to finish,” Scalco says.
he shares. The other community consists of tactical users
Both L-3 and General Dynamics use an NSA-mandated
who would employ the device in field missions.
development milestone strategy. This provides data and
Liggett expects the device to field initially to flag offidocumentation through the development process to supcers and senior staff because they currently use Blackport Information Assurance Directorate certification for
Berries. SME PED can replace the BlackBerry or work
the processing of classified information.
in conjunction with it. In addition to connecting with the
In addition, the strategy supports the Defense IntegratNIPRNET and SIPRNET, SME PED can work in a noned Switched Network Security Architecture Working
secure mode to interoperate with conventional commerGroup (DSAWG) requirements. DSAWG is the approvcial devices, and it could support a coalition mode.
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Liggett believes tactical users down to the brigade level also
will receive the device and says that General Dynamics
developers want to leverage the tactical distribution into
major U.S. Army programs such as Land Warrior.
General Dynamics and L-3 developers have worked to
create a system that looks and operates similar to commercial products. With the familiar design, users have an intuitive knowledge of how to operate the device instead of
having to learn to use another type of technical equipment.
Both also run the Windows software program.
Other software is available for the product as well.
Through pre-programmed product improvement, SME
PED offers flexibility to the user community. In this
effort, signed software updates add new and additional
functionality to the baseline platform. “This functionality provides maximum flexibility for the user community,” Scalco says. “They [users] can make a capital
investment in the SME PED that provides baseline
functionality, and then as technology evolves [in 12 to
18 months], new functionality can be added to the baseline SME PED product via software updates.”
Both SME PED vendors are creating their systems by
integrating custom-developed hardware platforms with
commercial components. The customized hardware pro-
vides the foundation for a secure platform. Security
architectures are designed into the product initially
rather than after it has been developed.
SME PED converges several technologies and functions from current secure products including the
secure voice application. The Top Secret voice capability is integrated with SME PED to provide maximum flexibility for the user and to allow a maximum
backward compatibility to fielded wireline secure
voice assets.
Pilot groups have tested the SME PED engineering
development models (EDMs) and provided feedback to
the program management office, which will forward it to
the product developers. “Most feedback has been positive
on the limited capabilities of the EDM,” Scalco says.
WEB RESOURCES
National Security Agency: www.nsa.gov
General Dynamics C4 Systems: www.gdc4s.com
L-3 Communications Systems–East:
www.l-3com.com/cs-east
__________________
SIGNAL, JULY 2007
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VIEWPOINT
Network Eccentricity
Imperils the Infosphere
Technology that connects anybody also connects everybody.
are easy to kill—a single 19-cent bullet
esponding to a soldier’s comis sufficient, noted one senior military
plaint about equipment inadofficer—but insurgents who meld into
equacies in Iraq, former Secthe population are hard to find and even
retary of Defense Donald
harder to keep fixed until engaged.
Rumsfeld replied, “You go to
Employing networked information
war with the army you have,
technology to connect sensors to
not with the army you want,” and his
shooters directly is the means chosen
remark was condemned as an unforgivto find, fix and kill such opponents.
able excuse for gross mismanagement.
While richly interconnectWhile warranted, that criticism could be leveled at
By Col. Alan D. ed networks can significantly improve collaboramost administrations in
Campen,
tive planning and force
U.S. history when arms are
USAF (Ret.)
execution, they do so only
stacked and forgotten at
if the networks perform
war’s end. Today, mismanreliably and securely when linked
agement is exemplified by the current
through the demonstrably vulnerable
reliance on information operations amid
Internet and its connective media.
network centricity, which offers as
The Internet once was thought to be
much vulnerability as advantage.
too dirty and vulnerable to be the primaRevolutions destroy in order to build.
ry transport medium for national securiWhile the goals for a light, lithe and
ty matters. A secure and private network
lethal military are achievable, they
called GOVNET was considered then
remain so only if as much attention is
abandoned in favor of a web-based
given to what is discarded as to what is
Internet protocol (IP) service-oriented
acquired. Those who would transform
architecture. A web-based architecture is
the military tend to use lessons from
challenged to provide the means to share
battle as a baseline and evolving techinformation without compromising
nologies as a guide. Given that transforsecurity. Moreover, it must do so in a
mation takes a decade or more, one
common operating environment, often
must accurately define the shortfalls in
with nontraditional partners and across
the military kit and then evaluate potendifferent domains, without knowing pretial tactics and technologies against a
cisely who needs that information, how
wide range of threats.
it will be used and, more importantly,
Analysis begins by determining why
how it will be protected. This challenge
our forces in Iraq are ill equipped. One
of secure sharing in an unpredictable
senior government official faults the
environment is characterized by one
Cold War and an opponent that was
software engineer as “a leap of faith that
easy to find but hard to kill. That resulthe recipient will treat the information
tant preference for platforms and
properly, not abusing the implied trust.”
weapons still drives the defense budget.
Networks will not provide for
Regrettably, this priority on kinetics
secure sharing of information until
caused a reduction in funds for techthey can demonstrably satisfy three
nologies and tactics essential to “find
fundamental points.
and fix” an elusive adversary.
First is the quality of information
Experience in Iraq and Afghanistan
being introduced to the network. The
has turned that force model on its head.
metric for quality defined by the
Adversaries in this asymmetric conflict
R
warfighter is timely, precise and actionable intelligence immediately accessible
at lower echelons. Because of the
extraordinarily short kill cycle in insurgency operations, this is especially
important at the tip of the spear—where
it is most lacking today.
The Iraq conflict is an information
war aimed at influencing human
behavior. To function in what military
analyst Anthony Cordesman calls this
human-centric war, allied forces must
be able to operate inside an opponent’s
OODA loop—John Boyd’s observe,
orient, decide and act loop. Regrettably, the tools and tactics to observe
and orient in order to decide and act
suffered the most crippling declines in
funding and management attention
following the Cold War.
The second essential ingredient in
network-centric warfare is information
assurance. This mandates that all networks provide secure connectivity
while under attack from resourceful
opponents. Many of these networks are
an assemblage of commercial components, bought off the shelf with operating funds to satisfy local needs. They
are connected with little regard to standards or central management and controlled by software that was described
by ex-defense official Paul Strassmann
as the most unreliable artifact known to
humankind.
Historically, our armed forces considered communications—if they did
so at all—as a given and fought in
what Robert Hermann called “a free
signaling environment.” Their information domain was free because it suffered only from mutual interference in
the radio frequency spectrum. However, information warfare now must be
conducted in a polluted electromagnetic environment that demands significantly higher standards for discipline
SIGNAL, JULY 2007
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and deconfliction. A highly regarded
expert in information operations
recently commented that “we as a military are basing an enormous amount of
military capability and future security
on an information backbone that may
be indefensible and could be prone to
interruption and degradation when we
can least afford [it].”
The German army responded to
failed communications in World War I
with a doctrine called Auftragstaktik,
which assumed that disconnected
units still could function productively
within the context of their “commander’s intent.” That doctrine has little
utility today when the commander’s
intent can be impalpable, mercurial or
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SIGNAL, JULY 2007
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immensurable. A disconnected force
is a paralyzed force.
In congressional testimony, Lt. Gen.
Charles E. Croom Jr., USAF, commander of the Joint Task Force–Global
Network Operations, outlined proactive steps being taken or planned to
build, operate, continually assess and
defend the IP-based Global Information Grid, the backbone for virtually all
military operations. While barriers can
be erected against many forms of
cyberattack, the defender always is in a
react-and-recovery mode. A single disruptive penetration anywhere in any
connected network can propagate
instantly with potentially devastating
effect on military operations.
However, defense is not the only
option available in computer network
operations. In his March 21 testimony
before Congress, Gen. James E.
Cartwright, USMC, commander of the
U.S. Strategic Command—and the
senior military official charged with full
spectrum information operations—
voiced a need to take offensive actions
in the imprecisely defined domain
called cyberspace. He told the House
Armed Services Committee that the
best defense against cyberattacks is to
go on the offensive and “apply the
same principles of warfare to the
cyberdomain as we do to sea, air and
land.” He added that the United States
lacks dominance in the cyberdomain,
which will become increasingly vulnerable “if we do not fundamentally
change how we view this battlespace.”
Gen. Cartwright also cautioned that
adversaries in cyberspace include
other countries, terrorists and criminals who operate behind “technical,
legal and international screens” and
that “we will need Congress’ help
finding solutions to penetrate these
screens.”
The Joint Chiefs of Staff define
cyberspace as a domain “characterized
by the use of electronics and the electromagnetic spectrum to store, modify and
exchange data via networked systems
and associated physical infrastructures.”
How well then will the sanctioned rules
and tools governing the military in sea,
air, land and space domains apply to the
global electromagnetic spectrum—this
nebulous, artificial place in which
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VIEWPOINT
humans interact over networks without
regard to physical geography?
The U.S. Air Force views cyberspace
as a third operational domain, with the
others being air and space. The commander of the Air Combat Command,
Gen. Ronald E. Keys, USAF, says that
“almost everything I do is either on an
Internet, an intranet or some type of
network—terrestrial, airborne or spaceborne.” He also observes, “We’re
already at war in cyberspace—have
been for many years.” The Air Force is
standing up a new four-star Cyber
Command to ”organize, train, and
equip forces for cyber war” (SIGNAL
Magazine, June 2007, page 89). The
U.S. Navy has formed a new Naval
Network Warfare Command (SIGNAL
Magazine, December 2006, page 29),
and the U.S. Army reportedly is considering a similar move.
The third essential ingredient for
superiority in information warfare is a
dramatic reduction in system response
time. Superiority in the OODA loop
battle is measured in minutes at tactical levels. An Air Force official says
that the sense-to-kill cycle time for
insurgent operations in Afghanistan
and Iraq is as short as two minutes and
that this cycle can be reduced further
only through direct computer-to-computer interaction. This is yet another
example of increasing dependence on
vulnerable networks.
No element of national security—
military or civil—is immune from disruption of its information networks.
Yet, steps to improve information
assurance are hampered by ignorance
and apathy on the part of owners and
users of the network nodes and terminals. Perhaps a September-11-type
assault on the nation’s information
infrastructure will be needed to end
indifference to a very real threat.
Civil libertarians may fuss about vigilante generals policing cyberspace.
They should remember that pre-emptive
attack in the electromagnetic domain—
known as electronic warfare—long has
been an essential adjunct to combat and
that nascent technologies to focus electromagnetic energy precisely will provide commanders with nonlethal means
to meet objectives.
Finally, every word spoken or written
about information warfare—this article
included—is itself an act of cyberwar.
A modicum of saber rattling can be
useful if embedded in policy that gives
as much attention to risk management
as it does to risk avoidance.
Col. Alan D. Campen, USAF (Ret.),
is a SIGNAL contributing editor and the
contributing editor to four books on
information warfare and cyberwar..
The SIGNAL Blog
We welcome your comments on this
article at www.afcea.org/signal/blog,
or e-mail us at signalnews@
afcea.org.
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SIGNAL, JULY 2007
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By Clarence A. Robinson Jr.
oldiers operating in built-up
neighborhoods can receive
more timely and complete
information about enemy
forces by harnessing low-flying unmanned aerial vehicles. An autonomous system emerging
from development in a far-reaching
program coordinates delivery of video
from unmanned aerial platforms and
other military reconnaissance assets.
As a result of this Defense Advanced
Research Projects Agency (DARPA)
program, soldiers and Marines with
handheld computers can request information about suspected enemy positions. The system prioritizes requests
and directs individual unmanned aerial
vehicles (UAVs) to obtain and deliver
this information. Called HURT, for Heterogeneous Urban Reconnaissance,
Surveillance and Target Acquisition
(RSTA) Team, this capability is being
demonstrated successfully in the field.
Dr. Michael A. Pagels is the HURT
program manager within DARPA’s
Information Exploitation Office.
Most small combat units engaged
today in urban warfare have no direct
access to reconnaissance and surveillance data, nor can they control highaltitude aircraft or satellites that collect it. HURT allows a warfighter to
directly request information critical
to battlefield success. This system
also allows the soldier to ask for and
obtain reconnaissance imagery from
any sensor system available.
Northrop Grumman, El Segundo,
California, is the prime contractor for
the HURT program, according to
Pagels. The program controls a network
of small, low-flying UAVs that send
video images in real time to a warrior
operating in complex, three-dimensional urban terrain. HURT allows ground
forces to view surveillance images of
the surrounding area and to request specific information on suspected enemy
S
Air Vehicles
Deliver
Warrior Data
Units caught up in urban
combat patrols access
real-time surveillance imagery.
Members of the 3rd Battalion, 7th Marines, participate in an urban combat exercise at Twentynine Palms, California. One
Marine provides security while the other uses a tablet computer to control various unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) available
immediately for surveillance and reconnaissance. For the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), Northrop
Grumman is developing the Heterogeneous Urban Reconnaissance, Surveillance and Target Acquisition (RSTA) Team, or HURT.
This system autonomously prioritizes multiple requests and directs the most suitable UAVs to required locations.
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SIGNAL, JULY 2007
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SPECIAL REPORT: UNMANNED SYSTEMS
positions, displaying data on userfriendly touchscreens. The system
autonomously prioritizes multiple
requests and directs the most suitable
UAVs to the necessary locations for
closer looks.
By coordinating collections of
small, quiet UAVs deployed above an
urban combat area, HURT manages
the diverse capabilities of a wide range
of airborne sensors. With synchronized planning and control of each
UAV, the system uses non-proprietary
network-centric Web-based tools,
Pagels explains. Under an $11.6 million Phase 1 contract from DARPA,
Northrop Grumman provided the
development system and used it during a two-week demonstration in
October 2006 at the Marine Corps Air
Ground Combat Center, Twentynine
Palms, California.
Before beginning his work at
DARPA, Pagels spent more than a
dozen years in industry developing
microcomputer and personal computer operating systems and office
automation technology. He earned a
bachelor’s degree in computer science
from the State University of New York
and a master’s and doctorate in computer science from the University of
Arizona. His defense contractor work
has been in research, design, development and fielding of large image
exploitation systems.
“The 3rd Battalion, 7th Marines,
along with an industry, government and
academia team led by Northrop Grumman, confirmed HURT’s capabilities
during regular training exercises in an
urban environment,” Pagels declares.
The development team includes Honeywell Laboratories, SRI International,
Teknowledge Corporation and AeroVironment as well as researchers from
NASA and the U.S. Army. The area of
operations in the desert encompassed a
4-kilometer x 4-kilometer box with a
forward operating base and included
mountainous terrain.
HURT proved the ability of the
warfighter to obtain reconnaissance
imagery unobtainable by high-altitude
or fixed sensors. UAVs could see
around or even inside buildings to provide up-to-date information. “HURT
also coordinates UAV refueling to
ensure that surveillance is maintained
above a specific area for hours or even
days,” Pagels points out. The software
in the system knows when a UAV is
about to lose power through a model
of that air vehicle’s endurance with an
upper boundary specification. Many
UAVs also will transmit their status,
including remaining battery voltage,
when interrogated.
Depending on the mission priority,
when one UAV runs low on power,
another can be reassigned to loiter
over the same coverage area. The
vehicle’s operator remains in the loop
and is informed when the UAV is
being returned for a new battery. The
operator also is asked whether an
____________
SIGNAL, JULY 2007
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automated or manual landing is to be
accomplished, and that operator
always remains in the loop. HURT can
use the auto-land system in most
UAVs with stored landing, rally and
loss of communication points, Pagels
relates. “The warfighter interacts with
the system through a handheld device
to request services, including aerial,
route and path surveillance; site or
point monitoring; and target tracking—all with a few taps on a touchscreen tablet. In response, HURT prioritizes the requests, tasks the appropriate vehicle and delivers stabilized
UAV images directly to the warfighter,” he confirms.
Imagery from HURT is provided in
a number of forms, including mosaic,
to provide persistent wide-area views
and enhanced situation awareness,
Pagels discloses. “Over the two-week
training exercise, the Marines took the
opportunity to integrate HURT tech-
An aerial mosaic
view from the
DARPA Wasp
micro air vehicle
displays an
urban area of
interest during a
training exercise
using the DARPA
HURT system.
This system
autonomously
tasks any nearby
unmanned aerial
vehicles to
quickly perform
RSTA missions.
nologies into their training exercise.
They found the system easy to use,
requiring no formal training to effectively employ its capabilities. Through
Phase 1 of the program, HURT has
proved it is a viable and essential tool
in delivering actionable intelligence
required to overcome urban threats.
“With no specific UAVs of its own,
HURT is designed to be agnostic, using
any platform available to take feeds of
requested imagery,” Pagels continues.
“We can work with the Army’s Raven
and Raven B, DARPA’s very quiet and
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The General Dynamics Sectéra Edge is currently in development for the National Security Agency’s SME PED program.
For more information about the General Dynamics Sectéra Edge, visit www.gdc4s.com/secureproducts
Sectéra Edge is expected to be submitted for NSA certification Summer 2007
© 2007 General Dynamics. All rights reserved. Sectéra and Edge are trademarks of General Dynamics. HAIPE is a trademark of the National Security Agency. All other product and
service names are the property of their respective owners. General Dynamics reserves the right to make changes in its products and specifications at any time and without notice.
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low observable Wasp micro aircraft, the
Marine Corps’ Dragon Eye or the
Pointer. During the Marine Corps
demonstration, four UAVs were
employed each day flying two sorties
each,” he says. While UAVs were airborne, requests from troops on the
ground for surveillance of areas or specific locations were quickly converted
into a mission. The coordinator always
has the option for manual operations,
overriding HURT. However, that
requires specifying the airspace
because the system may be flying other
platforms in the same airspace.
“We do not modify the aerial platform or the groundstation, requiring
only that a groundstation have an
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external interface that will allow us to
replace the joystick with a software
interface,” Pagels states. “Most of the
UAVs, up to Global Hawk, have that
capability, and our software doesn’t
have to modify anything; it just knows
how to communicate with UAVs.
Imagery feeds from the platforms
come directly to the groundstation. We
tap into the groundstation to get a
video feed, adding value to that capability at the platoon or company level.”
Generally, groundstations for small
UAVs do not have a video record
capability—the imagery is ephemeral.
HURT acts like a video recorder to
capture the imagery, pause it, rewind it
and play it back. If two UAVs are providing surveillance in the same area,
the imagery from both can be viewed
on a single map with a paint-brushlike effect that allows steady updates,
Pagels illustrates.
As the program progresses, HURT
eventually could be used with larger
UAVs such as the RQ-4 Global Hawk,
RQ-1 Predator, RQ-5A Hunter, RQ-8
Fire Scout vertical takeoff and landing
tactical platform and the X-47B joint
unmanned combat air system. DARPA
is seeking to transition the technology
from HURT to the Army, which has a
number of UAV programs, or the
Marine Corps, and the agency also is
trying to miniaturize the system to fit
into a backpack or for use on vehicles
to control UAVs while on the move.
HURT achieves unrestricted interoperability among heterogeneous
collections of unmanned platforms.
The program is structured with its
coordinated autonomy to provide
immediate imagery and access to
the lowest level warfighter—that
soldier about to turn a corner or
head down a road without prior
reconnaissance. They need to know
what those areas looked like 3 minutes ago. This is why HURT is
being developed.
WEB RESOURCE
Call 770.840.0880 today.
DARPA HURT program:
http://dtsn.darpa.mil/ixo/
programs.asp?id=38
______________
44
SIGNAL, JULY 2007
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© 2007 General Dynamics. All rights reserved. TACLANE is a trademark of General Dynamics. HAIPE is a registered trademark of the National Security Agency. ® Reg. U.S. Pat. & Tm. Off.
General Dynamics reserves the right to make changes in its products and specifications at any time and without notice.
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Crewless Craft on
Steady Course
Designers take
on maritime
operational
environment
challenges.
The unmanned sea surface
vehicle–high tow force (USSV-HTF),
one of the unmanned surface vehicles being
developed at the Carderock Division Detachment,
Naval Surface Warfare Center, takes part in an
operation off the east coast of the United States.
46
SIGNAL, JULY 2007
By Maryann Lawlor
nmanned aerial vehicles
have become such an integral part of missions that it is
difficult to remember a time
when the U.S. military relied
solely on manned aircraft.
As the U.S. Navy prepares to launch
into a similar brave new world where
crewless platforms propel warfighters
out of harm’s way, the service faces
challenges beyond the technical hurdles. Some issues can be resolved by
industry; others will require a worldwide national-level consensus that will
change the maritime domain with ramifications not seen since the dawn of
modern shipbuilding.
Unmanned surface vehicles (USVs)
will affect future military and homeland security operations as powerfully
as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)
have influenced modern military missions, Willard Sokol III predicts. He is
the branch head for combatant craft
naval architecture at the Carderock
Division Detachment, Naval Surface
Warfare Center in Norfolk, Virginia,
the organization responsible for
designing the Navy’s USVs. Many of
the same issues must be resolved
before any type of unmanned vehicle
becomes an ingredient in the military
mix; however, operational environments shape the design process, and
the wild blue yonder makes it easier
for UAVs to take to the air than the
deep blue does for USVs to take to
the seas. In some cases, being earthbound is advantageous; in others, it is
like dragging an anchor.
Despite unique challenges, USVs
resemble UAVs in several ways. Some
unmanned craft are operated by
remote control, whereas others have a
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scripted capability. The former may
feature rudimentary automatic capabilities such as assessing and reporting systems; the latter use a global
positioning system to traverse from
one point to another and can be programmed to change course. A subsequent level of autonomy, called preprogrammed, includes vessels encoded to follow a specific path but can
change course based on input from
onboard sensors.
The USVs currently being developed are likely to be controlled using
multiple methods, Sokol says. When a
craft is docking, for example, it would
be controlled remotely; for simple
missions, a scripted capability could
be employed. In terms of total autonomy, the Navy generally will not use a
craft until it is at technology readiness
level 6 or 7, he adds.
Challenges in designing USVs are
different yet equal in nature to those
faced in UAV development, Sokol
contends. While aircraft designers
address the issue of air traffic, air
space management already is basically in place—even privately owned
airplanes must emit a signal that designates their location. This is not the
case in the maritime environment, he
notes. Transmission of identity and
location are purely voluntary for sea
craft, so ships must maintain a safe
distance not only from land—a
requirement they obviously share
with aircraft—but also from floating
and stationary objects in their path.
This is one area where sensors are
aiding navigation system development, Sokol says.
The first wave of Navy USVs will
support the littoral combat ship
(LCS). The remote minehunting system, also known as the remote minehunting vehicle, already has been
fielded on the service’s fast frigates
and will be installed on the LCS.
The Navy also is designing and
building an unmanned sea surface
vehicle (see page 50) that can be
used for mine influence warfare.
These vehicles will conduct
minesweeping missions. The LCS
also will carry out antisubmarine
warfare missions by employing a
system that is being developed by
General Dynamics Robotic Systems,
Sokol reveals.
For several years, the Navy has
been experimenting with how USVs
can provide force protection by performing anti-terrorism missions,
Sokol allows. In policing or patrolling
situations, the service has demonstrated that USVs equipped with cameras
can evaluate a situation before personnel deploy. This surveillance has been
taking place at military bases both in
the United States and overseas. “For
the most part, it’s never been anything
that’s been specifically indoctrinated
and widely done, but it has been done.
The military has been looking into
using it in other ways as well, and it’s
had some successes,” he states.
Although the Navy has been
exploring these uses for USVs,
development and deployment of the
vehicles are tied primarily to LCS
delivery and deployment schedules.
When littoral combat ships begin
operations, the USV and its operators must be ready to go as well.
This is likely to take place within the
next couple of years, he says.
Designing the USV poses several
challenges in certain areas, Sokol
admits. “We’re bringing a critical
mission capability to the fleet for the
first time. We’re doing something
that hasn’t been done before. We’re
not doing a modification 1 repeat
project. We’re dealing with all kinds
of growing pains as well as using
new technology.
“We’re talking doctrine as well, not
just their specific uses and engineering of system integration. Obviously,
the vehicles are being carried and
deployed by the LCS, so we’re talking
about doctrine of use. What’s the right
level of system redundancies? What
kind of fail-safes do we need? Those
are the types of things that we’re cutting our teeth on,” Sokol relates.
And the nontechnical issues that
must be resolved extend beyond doctrine. For example, Sokol points out
that training may be one of the more
difficult aspects of fielding the USVs.
“There’s not a rate or a type of sailor
out there today that’s specifically
qualified for USVs—not one that you
can say should automatically know
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SIGNAL, JULY 2007
47
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how to do this. It’s new equipment,”
he offers.
Communications methods and
bandwidth constraints also set USVs
apart from UAVs in design and
deployment. A UAV’s altitude
increases the distance of line-of-sight
communications—not typically the
situation a USV will find itself in
when communicating, Sokol quips.
As a result, the distance a USV can
operate from what he calls “the mother ship” may be limited by line-ofsight communications capabilities.
“We’re also limited in the amount
of available bandwidth and what
communications gear we can use.
The available bandwidth we have to
use just to keep a single vehicle on
mission can be very limiting,” Sokol
adds. But in this case, limitations
may be the mother of invention.
“These all push us to develop,
mature and have more complete
autonomy,” he says.
And although information tampering and theft concern UAV developers, these hurdles present even greater
challenges for USV designers. “It’s
not like an air vehicle. The adversary’s not going to jump from one air
vehicle to another and just take it
over. For a USV, the enemy could,”
Sokol notes. Consequently, communi-
SIGNAL, JULY 2007
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The USSV-HTF is
designed to carry large
payloads and to tow a
variety of sensors.
cations links must be secured so an
adversary cannot take over the USV,
and if the enemy does embark on a
USV, the information onboard must
be secured in some way.
Industry can help solve some of
these distinct problems, but the solutions are not likely to come right off
the shelf, Sokol maintains. As with
UAVs, weight and center of gravity
issues must be managed to ensure
that the equipment operates correctly. In addition, heating and cooling
requirements for electronic equip-
A ride quality demonstration is conducted by humans
onboard an unmanned sea surface vehicle–high
speed at last year’s Multiagency Craft Conference in
Norfolk, Virginia.
48
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ment must be addressed, and communications technologies must be
able to withstand heavy seas and sea
mist. “For the most part, we do get
the benefit of what rolls out of the
[U.S.] Army as well as the other military services, but they’re not always
specific to our needs,” he allows.
Sensors and the information they
collect and provide are essential but
are a double-edged sword, Sokol
notes. To ensure reliability and to
boost confidence in the abilities of
the craft, the Navy wants to have as
many sensors as possible on a craft.
Redundant verification of the obstacles a craft encounters increases the
likelihood that sailors will trust the
information delivered to a ship. “We
don’t have a lot of operational experience in throwing these vessels over
the side of a ship and knowing that
they’re going to be fine, that they’re
programming is perfect and that
they’re going to be able to handle
every situation they’re going to
come up against,” Sokol notes.
But while it is data—and a lot of
it—that will boost confidence in the
USVs, this requirement in itself multiplies the bandwidth challenges. The
preferable capability would be the
ability to process the information
onboard the vehicle and then send the
oversight operators only the results.
“What we’re talking about is literally sensor integration from the
standpoint not just that the sensors
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can pass information back and forth
but that the information that comes
in from each of the sensors can be
resolved to a single object. Now,
instead of sending a camera image, a
radar image and, say, a third sensor’s
data all the way back to the ship, the
only message that the USV sends to
the ship is ‘contact made, one mile
straight ahead,’ and that’s all that the
operator needs to know,” Sokol
relates. This capability is still in the
developmental stage, and universities are working on the algorithms,
he adds.
Late last year, the Naval Surface
Warfare Center contracted with Spatial Integrated Systems, Rockville,
Maryland, to develop a multipurpose
sensor system that includes a stateof-the-art three-dimensional imaging
system integrated with intelligent
agent technology. This capability
will enable autonomous operations
in a specified area. With this system
onboard, the USV will make routine
operational decisions and capture,
record and process information that
even humans cannot detect.
As development continues, this
capability will support autonomy, he
states. Once the data can be collected, resolved and collapsed to the bit
of needed information, the vehicle
will be able to make decisions
autonomously, and operators will
merely monitor a vehicle’s activity.
This step toward autonomy presents
an entirely new set of challenges that
must be resolved. For example, when
a USV can identify a particular ship
sailing into the Chesapeake Bay and
determine that this type of vessel
would have to travel one of two channels, it would use this information to
independently choose a route to avoid
a collision. Autonomous capabilities
such as this raise questions about the
rules of the road uniformly followed
by sailors today. “You can see where
all this information and all these various contacts will lead to navigating
and following rules of the road. Eventually, there’s going to have to be law
changes about all of this,” Sokol says.
Currently, the Navy primarily is
using USVs in locations where it is
in charge of the maritime area. It
coordinates scheduling and testing
with the U.S. Coast Guard and
issues commands concerning radio
traffic. But once USVs begin to
practice scanning-ship drills, in
which they scrutinize vessels to
determine whether they are carrying
contraband, they will have to operate
in waters alongside commercial and
pleasure craft. “We have to get the
technology to a high enough level
that there’s confidence in letting the
machines go out there by themselves
and confidence in the rules of the
road and laws that are associated
with what results. For example,
who’s responsible if that unmanned
boat runs into a ship? Now, we’re
creating a new class of vehicle that
will have to have doctrine and law
that goes along with that for it to be
around the public,” Sokol explains.
The Navy has not yet developed a
craft that it would put into the water
and turn its back on, Sokol allows,
but it is working toward a vehicle
that can do as much as possible
autonomously. “We would tell it that
if it encounters some object, it
should replan itself to go around it.
We can do that. The hard part still
tends to be coming up with sensors
that can detect and classify objects
in all environments,” he states. “The
greater that ability is, the fewer
sailors we’ll need to oversee and
make decisions for the vehicles. It’s
really hard, from my perspective, to
bring it down any lower than that.”
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WEB RESOURCES
Naval Surface Warfare Center,
Carderock Division:
www.dt.navy.mil
Naval Surface Warfare Center
Detachment Norfolk,
Combatant Craft Department:
www.boats.dt.navy.mil
General Dynamics littoral combat
ship program: www.gdlcs.com
Lockheed Martin Corporation
littoral combat ship:
www.lmlcsteam.com
Spatial Integrated Systems:
www.sisinc.org
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SIGNAL, JULY 2007
49
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The unmanned sea surface
vehicle–high tow force (USSV–HTF) is
designed to work specifically with
the littoral combat ship (LCS). It is
intended to tow various sensors and
effectors.
Unmanned Vessels
Sail Closer to Shore
Boats will operate in littoral waters and
rivers to protect people and assets.
hips without captains
combat ships (LCSs), the first
By Rita of which is projected for comor crew are cruising
Boland mission in fiscal year 2008.
from the open seas to
the coastline. These
The USSVs each have specifdevelopmental craft from
ic functions, and their size and weight
both the public and private
are designed to fit the limitations of the
sectors will improve security and
LCSs. “In the USSV program, our
capabilities near land and keep sailors
objective is to develop technologies for
and others out of danger.
USVs [unmanned surface vehicles] that
Since 2003, personnel at the Office
will improve the capabilities of these
of Naval Research (ONR) have been
USVs,” explains Robert A. Brizzolara,
working on two unmanned sea surface
USSV program officer at the ONR. He
vehicles (USSVs) to complement the
points out that USSV is the term specifmissions and meet the needs of littoral
ically for the two boats his office has
S
50
SIGNAL, JULY 2007
developed, and USV is the general term
for all unmanned watercraft.
The USSV–high tow force (USSVHTF) has been optimized for payload
capacity and high endurance and to
tow various sensors and effectors. The
USSV–high speed (USSV-HS) is
designed to maintain a high speed in
rough waters. The ONR manages the
program for these USSVs; the Naval
Surface Warfare Center, Carderock
Division (NSWCCD), designed both
vessels; and Maritime Applied
Physics Corporation built both craft.
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ONR program officials aim to transition the technologies to the LCS program at the Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA).
The HTF and HS vessels are 39 feet
long and 36 feet long, respectively. The
USSVs are in the water and have been
tested, and they currently are participating in various at-sea experiments.
“These are meant for littoral operations,
not open seas,” Brizzolara explains.
When work on the USSVs began four
years ago, the development team took a
unique approach. Instead of starting
with a manned boat and converting it
for unmanned use, team members
designed the craft from the ground up.
This tactic ensured the craft would meet
the needs of its host ship. “It’s a purpose-built design for LCS missions,”
Brizzolara says.
The first step for the USSV program
team was a mission requirement analysis conducted by the NSWCCD and
the Johns Hopkins University Applied
Physics Laboratory. Brizzolara
explains that everything staff knew
about the LCS mission, how USVs
would be used and their payloads was
included in the analysis to determine
what USSV designs were necessary to
meet the LCS’ needs.
NAVSEA is considering the USSVHTF for transition to the LCS program, and the ONR is working to
transition the technology so it will be
ready along with the first LCS. Brizzolara believes LCS program personnel currently are interested in the
USSV-HTF because it better meets
the needs of the first LCS missions
that will be assigned to USVs. The
USSV-HS could generate more interest later, he says.
In the ONR program, developers
built one prototype of each vessel. In
a follow-on effort conducted by the
ONR, the Office of the Secretary of
Defense and NAVSEA, developers are
constructing a vessel similar to the
original USSV-HTF prototype.
NAVSEA plans to use the second version as a prototype of an experimental
craft to be operated from the LCS.
Once construction is complete on
the new USSV-HTF, it will transition
to the LCS program, and personnel
there will use it in their experimentaOfficial Publication of AFCEA
tion plans. Brizzolara shares that his
staff is willing to help and assist as
needed but that LCS officials will
decide how to acquire additional craft.
For the ONR program, personnel
are determining how to design the
boats and the autonomous control system. They also are developing a
schedule of construction that synchronizes the availability of the USSVs
with the launch of the first LCS.
Exactly how the USVs are used and
how they are tested will be determined by NAVSEA officials.
In addition to the design of the craft
and the autonomous control capability, USSV program personnel are
examining aspects of autonomous
launch and recovery of the USSVs
from the host ship. The ONR works
with projects developing the payload
technology to integrate those payloads
onto the USSV, and in the process it
creates the complete autonomous system. Brizzolara notes that both
USSVs are doing what they were
designed to do in terms of vehicle performance and autonomous control and
that within the USSV program his
staff has demonstrated elements of
autonomous recovery of the vessels.
The unmanned recovery aspect
would help reduce the LCS’ personnel
requirements to recover small boats
and reduce the danger to sailors
involved in those situations. “We’re
trying to keep people out of hazardous
areas,” Brizzolara states.
Other organizations also are trying
to protect people and resources by
developing unmanned watercraft.
Three private companies are working
together to build a USV that will
operate in littoral situations but that
also could sail in the open sea and in
riverine areas. The vessel has applications to private interests and government missions.
Marine Robotics Vessels International (MRVI), in conjunction with
AAI Corporation and SeaRobotics
Corporation, has turned a test and
evaluation vehicle into the Interceptor
USV. The USV uses commercial offthe-shelf technology for surveillance
and protection of coastal assets such
as oil depots, oil rigs and supertankers
near harbors. The Interceptor has the
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SIGNAL, JULY 2007
51
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potential to be armed with nonlethal
weapons as well. “There’s an awful
lot of trouble in the world,” Robert
Murphy, managing director of MRVI,
observes. The Interceptor debuted at
International Defense Exhibition and
Conference (IDEX) 2007 in the United Arab Emirates.
Murphy’s goal is to provide an
alternative to manned armed vessels
for surveillance. The Interceptor is
fast enough to chase pirates in small
boats and has the capability to be
autonomous and to complete a mission—such as sentry duty—on its
own. Users can integrate a variety of
commercial packages into the USV,
including a nonlethal weapon that
uses sound to deter enemies. The
cruise ship attacked by pirates off the
Somali coast in 2005 used such a
sonic device to ward off its assailants.
Other packages include sensors,
sonar, radar and additional nonlethal
________________
52
SIGNAL, JULY 2007
The USSV–high speed, built
purposely for use with the LCS, can
move at high speeds in rough waters.
deterrents such as water cannons.
Murphy emphasizes the danger of firing guns in harbors and touts the benefits of other, less deadly options.
With water cannons, the USV could
fill an attacking ship with water. “We
prefer nonlethal solutions,” he shares.
Murphy likens being at sea to being
in outer space—there is no one to call
for immediate help. According to
Murphy, ships currently are sailing
with no security. “They need to start
protecting these vessels,” he states. As
robots continue to become smarter,
they can reduce the danger to humans.
“It takes the threat of losing a human
being out of [missions],” he shares.
According to Murphy, the Interceptor’s 11-meter version can be used for
over-the-horizon voyages on rough
seas. The 7-meter boat is for littoral
zones, rivers and bays. The Interceptor reaches speeds of up to 50 miles
per hour with a cruising speed of 35
to 45 miles per hour.
Personnel control the USV remotely through a radio link to a command
station. The vehicle also can operate
autonomously with an onboard computer guiding the vessel on a predetermined course and ordering prescribed
tasks. Onboard sensors adjust missions as necessary. The Interceptor
includes a 266 Steyr multifuel engine
and Hamilton waterjet propulsion.
SeaRobotics developed the operator interface, boat control and communications system, and actuator and
performed some system engineering.
The company is a manufacturer of
small USVs meant primarily for scientific purposes. According to Don
Darling, president of SeaRobotics,
staff leveraged some of the background they had from their experience
with the smaller USVs’ hardware and
software. In doing so, they provided a
flexible interface for integrating
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above- and below-surface sensors.
Darling shares that the Interceptor
has the ability to monitor activities
above the water such as boat traffic
or targets and the capability to monitor using sonar and other sensor
devices. “To a great extent, that’s the
world our small USVs live in—
underwater sensing,” he explains.
The littoral craft has shallow jet
propulsion and no rudders, so personnel can use it in shallow water. Murphy believes this makes the USV
good for drug interdiction, especially
when carriers use rivers for transporting the illegal substances.
Murphy says the Interceptor could
benefit shipping companies and oil
companies, which have concerns with
assets coming into and out of port in
the Middle East. It also could provide
protection for oil fields. Murphy cites
the Strait of Malacca as an area
where tankers could use protection.
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SIGNAL, JULY 2007
The Interceptor unmanned surface vehicle has security and surveillance
applications in littoral situations as well as in riverine locations and open seas.
It can accommodate a variety of sensor packages to complete diverse missions.
Now, about 10,000 oil tankers—
prohibited from carrying their own
weapons—are in the ocean without
protection, according to Murphy’s
estimate. The Indian navy currently
is helping the U.S. Navy protect
U.S. ships in the Strait of Malacca.
“The Navy can’t be everywhere,” he
states. He also references the capture of British sailors and Royal
Marines by Iran in March. If an
unmanned vessel had been
patrolling the area, no personnel
would have been in harm’s way. “I
don’t think the world climate is getting much better,” he says.
Murphy explains that for customers
to load the Interceptor with the right
equipment for their requirements,
they need a mission and area analysis. Factors to take into consideration
include the type of assets being protected and whether they are located in
a port, in a harbor or offshore. Another issue is whether the craft will be
used at night. “Each mission will
probably require a different sensor
package,” Murphy says.
The Interceptor is modular, and
users can make some variations to
what they purchase. For example, to
keep costs down for poorer countries,
MRVI can swap out a $300,000 to
$500,000 camera for a $3,000 to
$5,000 one. In addition to security
and surveillance, users could employ
the Interceptor to refuel ships at sea
or add a petroleum sniffer to determine whether a ship is purging its
bilges. Murphy had a request from an
African nation concerned about other
countries stealing fish from an area
where fishing is the livelihood for
citizens. That government could use
the USV to record video and prosecute offenders.
Murphy says the Interceptor is in
the birthing stage, and all its capabilities and applications are unknown.
“I have no idea where it’s really
going to go,” he explains. “We’re
taking it one step at a time.”
WEB RESOURCES
Office of Naval Research:
www.onr.navy.mil
Naval Sea Systems Command:
www.navsea.navy.mil
Marine Robotics Vessels
International: www.mrvint.com
SeaRobotics Corporation:
www.searobotics.com
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MILITARY
Riverine Challenges
Mirror Joint Operations
The new maritime mission taxes command
and control along with interoperability.
asked with a smorgasand inland warfightBy Robert K. operations
bord of new missions,
ing support, it is striving to
Ackerman extend its reach along its tradithe U.S. Navy is building a riverine force
tional operating medium—
with operational capabilities
water. This entails providing vital comranging from brown water command and control (C2) links under lessbat to humanitarian assistance and disasthan-ideal conditions, applying fleetwide
ter relief. This group already has tasted
skills in nontraditional areas and incorpocombat in Iraq, and planners are develrating new technologies that ensure interoping equipment and adapting technolooperability with the rest of the Navy as
gies for a long-term riverine force.
well as in joint and coalition operations.
As the Navy faces a host of responsibilThe new riverine force has been
ities involving maritime security, littoral
established by the Navy Expeditionary
T
Members of the U.S. Navy’s
Riverine Squadron 1
(RIVRON 1) patrol Iraq’s
Lake Qadisiya in a small unit
riverine craft. The Navy’s first
riverine squadron since the
Vietnam War, RIVRON 1 is
supporting U.S. Marine Corps
operations in Al Anbar
province. The Navy is forming
two more riverine squadrons
as it extends its force
through inland waterways.
SIGNAL, JULY 2007
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A Navy small unit riverine craft conducts a patrol in Iraq.The Navy’s
experiences there are helping shape the riverine force as well as define its
new technologies under development.
Combat Command, or NECC, and
operates under its authority. Riverine,
with about 800 personnel, is just one
of the many capabilities within this
new 37,000-person command, which
was stood up about one and a half
years ago. This standup tasked the
NECC with supporting the U.S.
Marine Corps’ mission in Iraq. The
ongoing riverine activity is the Navy’s
first since the Vietnam War.
The command is building three
riverine squadrons. One of them,
Riverine Squadron 1 (RIVRON 1),
currently is conducting operations in
western Iraq supporting the II Marine
Expeditionary Force. It began operating this past spring. Squadron 2 is
completing its training, and squadron
3 is being stood up.
Rear Adm. Donald K. Bullard, USN,
commander of the NECC, explains the
new command’s and riverine force’s
origins. “The Navy recognized that
there are maritime expeditionary capabilities that we already had inherently
within the Navy as well as core competencies that we need to revitalize
given the landscape of the threat and
this war on terrorism,” he shares. “So
we were stood up to better organize
those capabilities, to ensure that we
had the ‘man, train and equip’ of
those capabilities right and—given
that littoral and brown water environment—to be able to provide missionspecific adaptive force packages that
had a connectivity of command and
control to hook into the joint force
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SIGNAL, JULY 2007
maritime commander or the joint task
force commander.”
One key riverine capability will be
the ability to support other countries
that lack traditional navies. The U.S.
Navy’s riverine force will help them
increase their means for operations
against adversaries in coastal and
inland waterways. Denying terrorists,
smugglers and other malefactors freedom of movement in those arenas will
improve those nations’ maritime security, Adm. Bullard states.
“Riverine is not about just combat
operations. It also is about engagement
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with other countries to build their
capability to contribute to maritime
security,” he declares.
Adm. Bullard relates that many
overseas areas lack established lines of
communications on land and along
inland waterways. These inland waterways can be used for sanctuaries and
communications links for a variety of
adversarial groups and activities.
Riverine capabilities allow the Navy to
extend its activities from blue water
and green water into brown water, he
offers, noting that “now, we have a full
continuum of capability to do maritime
security operations whether out in the
oceans, in the straits or all the way into
the inland waterways.”
This continuum includes C 2 , he
emphasizes. It allows the Navy to
extend maritime domain awareness to
provide operational continuity as well.
“When you take riverine connected to
Navy coastal warfare connected to
LCS [littoral combat ship] connected
to ESGs [expeditionary strike groups]
and battlegroups, you can see how we
have that continuum of capability,” he
observes.
Integrating riverine into the Navy’s
C 2 continuum is an ongoing effort.
“We’re still in the process of developing that because our focus was to integrate [riverine] into the Marine Corps’
An Iraqi soldier (c) in the Iraqi Riverine Police Force trains on a U.S.
riverine craft. Part of the U.S. Navy’s riverine effort involves training
personnel from other nations to interoperate with Navy riverine forces in
a wide range of potential missions.
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MILITARY
command and control for the current
mission,” Adm. Bullard explains. That
integration has been accomplished
fully. To integrate riverine into the
Navy’s C2, the NECC has a concept of
operations and is developing training
exercises. But overall, this effort is
still under development.
Technology also poses challenges.
The Navy employs a variety of sensors
deployed on different platforms, and
delivering their information to a riverine
force is more difficult than delivering it
to a blue water ship or to a shore facility. While this task is doable, it also is
under development, the admiral says.
“Providing the proper C4I [command,
control, communications, computers
and intelligence] from small boats is
different than doing it on a cruiser or a
carrier,” the admiral states. “We’re looking at different technical challenges and
how we basically integrate C4I into
small-boat operations in rivers—it’s a
different environment than the open
ocean or even littoral [waters].” Small
riverine craft lack the capacity and
power sources of larger vessels, and
they face operating conditions that can
include canals and waterways with
overhanging foliage canopies.
Capt. Dave Balk, USN, assistant
chief of staff for strategy and new
technology (N-9) at the NECC, shares
that the command has tapped many
sources for necessary technologies.
New lightweight armor has allowed
riverine forces to travel in boats with
much greater protection than before,
for example. Almost as important are
new communications technologies.
These have allowed boats upriver to
maintain solid communications with
the ashore C2 element.
The captain explains that most riverine communications largely rely on
high frequency (HF) radio links. The
riverine squadrons have a scalable communications suite that ranges from citizens’ band radio to satellite communica-
tions. RIVRON 1 is using this suite in
Iraq, Capt. Balk notes. This permits
communication with higher headquarters when necessary.
The current deployment has
RIVRON 1 linked into the Marine
Corps C2 structure. Because RIVRON 1
took over riverine operations from the
Corps, this integration has been fairly
seamless, the captain relates. However,
the goal is for all riverine units to be
able to communicate with all of the different organizations they must support—the Navy, the Marine Corps and
the U.S. Army. The ongoing C2 integration cited by Adm. Bullard aims to
design systems that can integrate
smoothly for elements such as logistics
and environmental data as well as for
communications.
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)
are playing a major role in the riverine
force. Capt. Balk describes UAV support as a resounding success in that it
enables riverine units to push their
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A classified symposium (TS/SI/TK)
As part of its ongoing series exploring issues of
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session, technologists and users will weigh in and add
their perspectives on the technology, policy, and cultural
issues that enhance or impede information sharing.
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Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence
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Director
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Consultant
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SIGNAL, JULY 2007
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security perimeter envelope farther
away from their boats. Riverine personnel also are able to see “around the
bend” much better, just as land-based
forces are able to see “over the next
hill.” Riverine mission planning has
improved even though UAV exploitation is “still in the infancy stage,” the
captain offers. The force currently is
using 6-foot-long Silver Fox UAVs
equipped with an electro-optic
infrared capability.
Other types of unmanned vehicles
may play a large role in future riverine
operations, Capt. Balk suggests. His
goal is a three-dimensional unmanned
vehicle presence that employs aerial,
surface and underwater vehicles to
___________________
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SIGNAL, JULY 2007
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improve riverine situational awareness.
Unmanned surface vehicles would serve
as sensor platforms on both land and
water, and underwater vehicles would
survey the river bottom for accurate
depth assessment or hazard detection.
The NECC is looking at several
technologies that could be incorporated into the riverine force over the next
five years. Capt. Balk states that at the
top of the list is a better boat. The
command is just beginning to establish requirements for that future riverine-specific craft, which will replace
the current fleet of boats when they
reach the end of their useful lives.
The requirements for that boat will
help determine other aspects of the
riverine force. For example, the C 2
capabilities designed into that craft will
be determined by riverine force needs
and will influence future force operations. If planners conclude that the
riverine force needs extensive C2 capabilities, they might eschew full
squadronwide C2 in favor of building a
separate C2 boat to run each squadron.
The diversity of possible communications linkage requirements also will
influence the riverine force architecture for years to come. And the same
holds true for sensors. The types and
numbers of sensors that will feed the
riverine force will affect its boat
design and the C2 architecture.
The long-term outlook includes an
advanced sensor suite supporting riverine operations. Capt. Balk envisions
sensors surrounding the perimeter of
operations the length of the river. Sensor-equipped UAVs also might act as
relays for unmanned surface vehicles
located around the bend. Data from
these diverse sensor platforms must be
fused into a seamless picture for the
squadron commander, he adds. And,
this information must be sent back to a
tactical operations center.
That data fusion requirement may be
the most pressing technology need facing the riverine force, the captain offers.
The force also requires an advanced
communications package that will give
it operational flexibility as well as interoperability in joint, coalition and
humanitarian operations.
The NECC is scouring all potential
sources for applicable technologies. In
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MILITARY
addition to Navy and Marine Corps
inventories and laboratories, the Army
Research Laboratory has technologies—particularly ground sensors—that
have drawn the NECC’s interest. The
Air Force is facing technology challenges similar to those of the riverine
force, Capt. Balk observes. The command also is examining civil government organizations such as the Federal
Bureau of Investigation and the Federal
Emergency Management Agency for
advice and technology, especially for
communications capabilities.
“If someone else comes up with a
good idea, we’ll use it,” he says.
Above all, the riverine force is seeking solutions from industry. “It’s like the
old adage—you don’t know what you
don’t know,” Capt. Balk declares. Riverine force planners do not know which
approaches to take to address their
needs. So the command is maintaining
an open-door policy for industry suggestions and solutions.
That willingness to seek external
solutions extends beyond technology
requirements. Training personnel in a
newly activated mission can be daunting, so the NECC tapped real-world
expertise. This includes Vietnam riverine veterans, particularly those from
the Gamewardens of Vietnam Association and the Mobile Riverine Force.
An advisory group of Vietnam veterans ranging from a retired full admiral
to a master chief petty officer has
helped the command examine riverine
issues. In addition, the Marine Corps
used to have a small-craft company
that performed Marine riverine operations. The NECC has taken over that
mission and is working in parallel
with the Corps on training.
Because riverine personnel must
operate with Marines, the NECC
ensures that they have increased personal combat skills. This includes
going through the Marine School of
Infantry. On the waterways, crews
must learn small-boat skills at a combat level. The U.S. Coast Guard has
provided assistance here, the admiral
adds. And riverine operations in other
countries such as Colombia have provided vital lessons learned.
To staff the riverine units, the NECC
is picking experts from across the Navy.
The admiral relates that the command
has converted boatswain’s mates, gunner’s mates and enginemen from other
craft. The security force nature of the
group has required the incorporation of
masters of arms. The skills necessary
for the riverine force largely are inherent to these sailors, Adm. Bullard
observes, and the command needed
only to adapt their abilities.
WEB RESOURCE
Navy Expeditionary Combat
Command: www.necc.navy.mil
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INTERNATIONAL
British Competitors Craft
Urban Warfare Capability
he U.K. government is chalgy to involve industry and academia
lenging British science and
in U.K. defense challenges.
technology innovators to apply
Entrants of the competition can preall their brainpower to helpsent any kind of technical solution that
ing protect the nation’s forces
would detect threats that troops could
from danger in an urban batencounter in a village or urban site,
tlespace. The objective of the Ministry
including snipers concealed on roof
of Defence Grand Chaltops, civilian vehicles mountlenge competition is to
with heavy weapons,
By Catherine ed
yield a highly autonomous
rocket-propelled grenades
Imperatore and improvised explosive
system that will detect,
identify, monitor and report
devices. Systems should be
fully and partially obscured threats in
mostly to fully autonomous and require
urban areas in real time. This call to
little operator effort. Solutions also must
action is part of the ministry’s stratebe lightweight and easy to access with a
T
U.K. contest
calls on
entrants to
build the
perfect tool
to protect
British troops.
Four British service members take
part in a simulated attack on a village
during exercise Lion Sun 2005.The
Ministry of Defence Grand Challenge
is designed to yield a system that
would protect U.K. troops as they
conduct urban warfare.
SIGNAL, JULY 2007
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low acoustic and visual signature. In
addition, the tools should be either easily replaceable or highly resistant to
countermeasures.
In mid-May potential competitors—limited to U.K.-based companies, research facilities and universities—submitted proposals that outlined the solutions they would pursue.
In June teams were selected for participation based on the strength of the
proposed system design, although
Ministry of Defence (MOD) personnel have said that cost effectiveness
also was a criterion.
Some participants will receive
funding ranging from several thousand to several hundred thousand
pounds from the MOD upon completion of their competition entries, while
others are funding their own solutions. Both types of teams will compete in the finale in summer 2008.
The winning team could receive funding for development and fielding.
The event’s location has not yet been
determined; however, MOD planners
say it probably will be held at Copehill
Down, a military training site in Wiltshire, United Kingdom, that features a
life-size model urban village.
Fulfilling all the MOD’s system
requirements is a tall order. However,
Peter Mallinson, a business development manager with Roke Manor
Research Limited in Romsey, Hampshire, United Kingdom, is confident
that achieving such a system is within
the bounds of possibility for current
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The remote-controlled SWORDS, or Special Weapons Observation
Reconnaissance Detection System, is demonstrated at Copehill Down, a facility
for training U.K. troops in urban operations. Grand Challenge participants
may use robotic vehicles to meet the competition’s goal of achieving an
autonomous system for detecting threats in an urban environment.
develop a system for the Grand Challenge. The group’s solution employs
unmanned aerial and ground vehicles.
Robots outfitted with sensors will
report their findings to a remote processing station that uses novel algorithms to process data and to direct the
vehicles’ behavior.
Richardson believes that a year is
enough time to produce the system,
although she would prefer to have more
time to rehearse for the finale. She
notes that the deadline will encourage
the team to be extremely exact. “[The
require,” he relates. In some cases,
teams may have to make choices about
systems integration that they would not
have made if they had more time. “The
challenge is how you fix together the
commercial off-the-shelf equipment
and bring a lot of innovation into it to
actually make it work. That’s a huge
challenge, and that’s not to be underestimated,” Mallinson observes.
At the end of the development year,
the competitors will demonstrate their
systems during a two-week meet.
Each team will receive information
“The challenge is how you fix together the commercial off-the-shelf
equipment and bring a lot of innovation into it to actually make
it work.”—Peter Mallinson, business development manager, Roke Manor Research Limited
technology. Roke Manor Research’s
team will develop a solution that is
based on a collection of sensors that
can form an ad hoc network. The company will work with partners to pursue
various platforms for transporting the
sensors into an urban environment.
Dr. Julia Richardson, director of Stellar Research Services Limited,
Southampton, Hampshire, United
Kingdom, also has put together a consortium from academia and industry to
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SIGNAL, JULY 2007
MOD] wants the best that can be done
in a year, and a year isn’t very long. But
on the other hand, it does focus the
mind,” Richardson says.
Mallinson views the time constraints
as driving the Grand Challenge participants toward systems integration. “If
the challenge were not constrained by a
12-month period of development, then
you would do more building up from
the ground … You’d tailor the solution
more closely to what the troops
about the reconnaissance mission,
including a scripted verbal briefing and
hard-copy schematics, on the day of the
demonstration. Less than 30 minutes
after the briefing, the team must deploy
its solution to detect threats in the mock
village. The mission will last no
longer than one hour, including the
time it takes to generate output,
which will be received by a service
member on the judges’ panel acting
as the mission’s tactical commander.
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The judges’ panel, consisting of
independent evaluators, will assess
each team’s system based on the number of threats detected, identified and
located; the number of false alarms
raised; the need for operator intervention in information processing; and the
need for operator intervention in platform operation. Hostile forces will
populate the village, but the MOD has
not determined whether forces will be
real or simulated.
Richardson explains that the finale
is an unknown element for the participants, no matter how much information they have in advance. She finds
the physical demonstration a refreshing aspect of the competition. “You
have to put your money where your
mouth is,” she observes.
Lord Paul Drayson, minister of state
for defense equipment and support and
the leading force behind the MOD
Grand Challenge, has noted that the
contest is modeled on the U.S. Defense
Advanced Research Projects Agency’s
(DARPA’s) Grand Challenge, an
autonomous vehicle competition that
will be held for the third time in
November. “DARPA’s experience has
proved that setting world-class technol-
The Roke Manor Research team plans
to demonstrate a collection of sensors
that can form an ad hoc network
for the Grand Challenge finale,
according to Peter Mallinson, a business
development manager with the company.
ogy challenges to a broad community
really does reap results,” he said in his
speech launching the MOD Grand
Challenge. However, the two competitions differ in that the DARPA Grand
Challenge calls for a specific type of
system, an unmanned ground vehicle,
whereas the U.K. contest has no limits
on what kind of system can be presented as a solution.
Mallinson believes that the Grand
Challenge format as a competition
will be more effective in producing
solutions than the traditional bid process. “It’s bringing forward the ideas,
and the problem with a lot of the traditional cycles is they bring forward
only people who are familiar with the
contracting process,” he points out.
Mallinson adds that it may be diffi-
During the Grand Challenge finale, Stellar Research Services Limited and its
partners will use unmanned aerial and ground vehicles equipped with
sensors to survey the urban environment.The vehicles will deliver
information to a remote processing station.
cult for some companies, especially
smaller ones, to engage with large
MOD programs.
The Grand Challenge is an example
of changes brought about in the MOD
by the Defence Technology Strategy, a
government initiative that outlines
MOD research and development priorities and encourages the involvement
of industry and academia in innovation. Another project that has emerged
from the Defence Technology Strategy
is the Competition of Ideas, a program
that funds promising solutions to specific technical challenges for U.K.
defense. Proposals for that competition were due in January, and contracts
are being awarded on a rolling basis.
Richardson explains that the MOD is
trying to move away from its in-house
research program to get industry and
academia more involved in developing
defense capabilities. And although the
MOD reduced the number of DEFCONs—defense conditions—typically
required of proposals for the Grand
Challenge contract process, she notes
that bidding on a project with the MOD
still is not simple. “It’s not as straightforward contracting with the MOD as it
would be contracting with another
SME [small- and medium-size enterprise] down the road or with another
university,” she explains.
Dr. Tony Dodd, lecturer in aerospace
systems engineering at the University
of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom, did not find entering the competition as easy as he had expected. Dodd
says he considered applying to develop
an unmanned aerial vehicle with four
rotors that would enable the craft to
hover, but his team was held up by two
roadblocks: contract details and money.
The proposal rules called for particulars
on what the team would accomplish.
Given the experimental nature of the
SIGNAL, JULY 2007
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work, he was not comfortable making
too many promises.
In addition, as a university team, the
group would have found it difficult to
recruit personnel and pay them to perform work on the project without
guaranteed funding from the MOD,
which pays teams either at completion
of the program or in stages. But to
receive funding in stages, additional
information was required in the proposal. Dodd expects that with more
contracting experience and more time
to prepare the bid, these difficulties
could have been overcome.
Richardson adds that the MOD does
not pay in advance and shares that
“there is quite a big overhead on the
commercial side” to compete in the
Grand Challenge. Both Mallinson’s
and Richardson’s teams applied for
MOD funding. As of May, the teams
had not learned whether they had been
selected to compete and, if they were
chosen, what amount of money they
would receive.
The winner of the Grand Challenge
will be selected based on performance
during the finale. Unlike DARPA’s
Grand Challenge, which includes
grand prize money in the millions of
dollars, the winner of the United Kingdom’s competition will receive the
R.J. Mitchell trophy, named in honor
of the designer of the Spitfire fighter
aircraft that helped U.K. forces
achieve victory in the Battle of Britain
in World War II. The winning team
also may be awarded a contract with
the MOD to deploy its system. If all
systems fail to receive adequate scores
during the finale demonstrations, no
winner will be named.
Other participants will receive Commendation Citation Awards for technical excellence or innovation in categories such as subsystem design and
overall system concepts. Contracting
opportunities may result for teams as
they demonstrate their technologies in
front of the MOD and other potential
customers.
If the Grand Challenge is successful
in engaging the U.K. science and technology base and stimulating innovation, the MOD will consider hosting
additional challenges.
WEB RESOURCES
MOD Grand Challenge:
www.challenge.mod.uk
Competition of Ideas:
www.ideas.mod.uk
DARPA Grand Challenge:
www.darpa.mil/grandchallenge
Roke Manor Research Limited:
www.roke.co.uk
University of Sheffield:
www.shef.ac.uk
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International Team Tackles
Key Communications Issues
Group seeks to enhance information
sharing during multinational missions.
By Henry S. Kenyon
new trans-Atlantic partnership comprising interdisciplinary research
teams is developing wireless and
sensor technologies to support
future multinational network-centric operations.
The International Technology Alliance
(ITA) in Network and Information Sciences is
an IBM-led consortium that is managed jointly by the United Kingdom’s Ministry of
Defence (MOD) and the U.S. Army Research
Laboratory (ARL). Launched in August 2006,
the consortium consists of commercial,
government and academic laboratories and
scientists working to solve fundamental
problems encountered by coalition forces
operating in network-centric environments.
The International Technology Alliance (ITA) in Network and Information
Other consortium members include The
Sciences is a joint effort by the United States and the United Kingdom
Boeing Company, Honeywell Aerospace
to develop new technologies to enhance both nations’ networkElectronic Systems, the City University of
centric warfare capabilities during coalition operations.The alliance
New York, Pennsylvania State University,
seeks to develop new technologies that allow better coordination and
the University of Cambridge, Royal Holinformation sharing between warfighters such as this Royal Air Force
loway College, LogicaCMG and Roke
unmanned aerial vehicle operator and his American counterparts.
Manor Research Limited.
According to Dinesh Verma, senior managcurrently process information in ways that do not take neter of networking technologies at IBM, Yorktown Heights,
work architectures into account. He explains that sensor
New York, the ITA brings together two groups of
processing difficulties can be overcome if researchers work
researchers from across the Atlantic to solve a variety of
with other scientists well versed in data routing and comnetworking challenges collaboratively. He notes that when
puter network topology. Combining these two areas of
the program was founded, its goal was to leverage the many
expertise permits the development of persistent sensors that
complementary skills of U.S. and British researchers. “Peocan efficiently process data and disseminate information
ple are trying to look at networking problems or the probacross a military network, Verma says.
lems of the new generation of networking in wireless and
The ITA originated because the U.S. and British governmobile systems,” Verma observes.
ments believed that they did not have a proper science for
These networking challenges include security protocols,
facilitating coalition operations in network-centric warfare,
network sensor domains and human factor usability conVerma shares. The alliance’s administration has two parts:
cerns. Many issues within a research domain can be solved
technical leadership and logistics. The technical leadership
with input from other areas, but Verma notes that few proconsists of program managers such as Verma who report to
grams attempt to leverage work from across disciplines. He
one consortium manager with the U.K. MOD and one
cites the example of sensor processing, noting that sensors
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INTERNATIONAL
cal routing to distribute information rapidly in wireless netmanager with the ARL. The ITA’s four technical areas are
works. Another aspect of this research will address conductdirected by professionals from industry, academia, the
ing effective topologic control in wireless networks and
MOD and the U.S. Defense Department.
how to manage that topology. Verma notes that swarming
David Watson, director of emerging technology, IBM
algorithms and programs modeled on the human circulatory
U.K., Hursley, Hampshire, England, believes that the ITA
system offer several advantages to wireless sensor netbenefits the United Kingdom for many of the same reasons
works, including reduced power consumpthat it benefits the United States: The contion, enhanced duty cycling and more effisortium provides two sets of minds with
cient event tracking and data processing.
slightly different experiences that create
Another area of research is policyunique research results. “The issues that are
based security management. This is a
faced by the U.K. and the U.S. military in
tricky subject, Verma says. During
terms of coalition operations are fundamencoalition operations, a diverse group of
tally the same. [The militaries] just start
participants must form a secure commufrom different positions,” he says.
nity to exchange and access data. This
Watson observes that interoperating
process is similar to two companies
national systems need not be identical.
forming their own private virtual part“You’ve got to get disparate systems to talk
nership. “Each of the groups has its own
to each other; it’s not about just one
policies, and the mission leader has his
homogenous system or one system from
own task to do,” Verma explains. Thereone country. The whole point is to make
According to Dinesh Verma,
fore, the mission leader will need to set
sure you’re thinking about the fact that
senior manager for
policies to satisfy the requirements of
everything is going to be heterogeneous,”
networking technologies at
both the U.S. and U.K. governments in
he says. This ability to make diverse sysIBM, since the ITA’s launch
such a way that does not hamper the
tems intercommunicate is the major benein August 2006, researchers
mission, he continues.
fit that both nations’ research organizations
have developed new ways
The fifth research effort examines
receive from this partnership, he explains.
to analyze communications
networks and to collect
lightweight security architectures for
The program consists of 12 different
and process sensor data.
coalition systems. Applications such as
projects covering areas such as wireless
He explains that while
public keys are too cumbersome for use
networking, security management, auto
scientists and engineers
in lightweight wireless mobile networks,
configuration of sensor networks and
know how to design
yet identification and security validation
human factors issues. Verma notes that
and operate advanced
are vital. Verma says that in coalition
each contract for an individual project is
communications networks,
environments lacking pretrusted or prenetreated as two parallel contracts for
certain fundamental aspects
gotiated authority with partner nations,
administrative purposes. IBM U.S.
of how they operate and
processes must be developed that will
receives a set amount of funds from the
how information is shared
involve minimal establishment of security
ARL, and it distributes the funds and
are not yet fully understood.
parameters yet will allow sufficient secuwrites contracts with the various universirity and flexibility without a centrally
ties and member partners. He adds that a
trusted infrastructure.
parallel structure governs contracts on the U.K. side, in
The sixth project addresses managing trust. Verma
which the MOD provides IBM U.K. with contract authorinotes that groups operating in a secure environment do
ty and IBM U.K. administers the disbursement of funds
not always trust their partners. Warfighters receiving
and purchase orders and reports this to the MOD. While
data from their fellow countrymen trust the information
these contracts are parallel for administrative purposes,
more than if it came from a foreign source. He explains
technically the U.S. and U.K. teams perform all leadership
that the challenge facing scientists is to develop methactivities jointly, he says.
ods to measure accurately the risk of sharing data in a
Of the dozen key ITA projects, the first will focus on
coalition environment. Researchers will consider criteria
understanding wireless and sensor networks. It will seek to
for tasks such as determining the level of trust placed in
ascertain fundamental principles for sensor networks and to
an individual or nation and the circumstances in which
determine the carrying capacity for such systems and how
sharing sensitive information can be considered a calcuthey can be modeled.
lated risk.
The second study will explore system interoperability.
Another project will examine the quality of informaResearchers will try to understand how wireless networks
tion. Verma explains that information is collected from
conduct routing and messaging with each other. They will
sensors but that their data may not be equally timely or
study how to monitor and configure the networks in a
trusted. Warfighters might look at information coming
coherent way even when two networks belong to two differfrom a coalition partner differently than data coming
ent domains, Verma explains.
from their own organization. Scientists are studying how
Biologically inspired techniques for self-organizing netto measure the reliability of information coming from a
works will be part of a project that examines epidemiologi-
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© 2006 Accenture. All rights reserved.
What are my enemy’s movements?
Intentions? Do I have enough troops? Supplies?
How am I doing on fuel?
Knowing beats guessing.
High performance means getting the right
information to the right people at the right time.
Committed to helping the Armed Forces integrate
information and coordinate complex strategies across
all components, Accenture brings long-term experience
and knowledge guiding nearly two-thirds of the
Fortune® Global 500 to new levels of high performance.
To learn more about our consulting, technology and
outsourcing services, visit accenture.com/knowing
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INTERNATIONAL
variety of sources and how to take into account the
recipient’s familiarity with the data source, he says.
Researchers also are studying auto deployment and auto
configuration of sensor networks. The challenge will be
optimizing the entire information technology infrastructure
to best support the task, Verma shares. The goal of this
research is to move the configuring, managing, provisioning
and deploying of sensor networks and wireless sensor
infrastructure from a task that is conducted at the technology level to one performed at the mission level. “The people
conducting the mission can say, ‘I want a certain operation
done in this area, or I want an operation done in that area,’
and you want those high-level priorities to drive the deployment and layout in a real network,” he says.
The ninth project will focus on network complexity management in order to move from processing sensor data stream
information coming across the network to high-level visualization and prediction. One concept that will be explored is
the shift from sensing passively to tracking actively and analyzing specific objects. By observing how an object moves,
the system can determine whether it is hostile. Another aspect
of this work will examine the patterns of regularly occurring
situations such as taking evasive action under specific circumstances. For example, instead of a radar screen showing two
blips approaching each other, an intelligent system will alert
the operator of an impending collision and suggest actions.
Verma explains that his goal is to reduce the complexity of
the data before it overloads human operators.
The remaining three projects focus on human factors.
One study will investigate how people and especially organizations collaborate across subject areas. It will determine
the best ways to collaborate between humans and with software agents. The second project is cultural analysis that will
identify how the United States and the United Kingdom do
things differently and what the mechanisms are to bridge
the gap. The last study will examine using semantic technologies to assist in military planning.
Each of the 12 projects is subdivided into smaller efforts.
Verma states that only some of the research activities can be
undertaken at the beginning of the program. As time passes,
studies are completed and the understanding of the science
evolves, new programs will be defined and launched.
Although the ITA’s research efforts are less than a year old,
Verma notes that scientists already are seeing results. “We
have new ways of analyzing networks that we were not able
to do before as well as new ways of collecting information
from sensors and processing it,” Verma says. He adds that ITA
researchers have produced more than 50 publications based
on their findings during the organization’s first eight months.
The trans-Atlantic government, corporate and academic
collaborations have led to models that can analyze the properties of small mobile ad hoc networks. Verma explains that
much of the existing work on ad hoc mobile networks
defines them either as very large networks or as moving
according to certain distributions. “We wanted to analyze
tactical networks, a finite number of nodes moving along in
patterns on highways—situations that you would encounter
in practice.” He adds that there has been little previous
research on tactical networks, but ITA scientists have developed techniques to analyze finite mobile networks.
Although many of the partner firms hope to move the technologies to a product, Watson explains that the alliance’s
main goal is research. “The ITA program is deliberately
about fundamental science,” he says. One of the points made
early in the effort by scientists and the U.S. and U.K. governments was that the basic understanding of complex networks
is not as deep as the ability to operate them implies.
The ITA’s long-term goal is to conduct research for at least
five years, with a possible extension for an additional five
years, Verma says. After the initial period, both nations will
determine whether the program has provided enough value to
renew the effort for another five years. He is sanguine about
the program’s future. “Based on what I’m seeing, we are
highly likely to be around for the next 10 years,” he asserts.
WEB RESOURCES
International Technology Alliance in Network and Information Sciences: www.usukita.org
U.S. Army Research Laboratory: www.arl.army.mil
United Kingdom Ministry of Defence: www.mod.uk
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The U.S. Army’s Integrated Air and
Missile Defense Battle Command
System (IBCS) will integrate sensors
and weapons platforms such as this
Patriot missile battery into a single
battalion-level network.
Warfighters Gain Missile
Defense Capability
Command and control tool weaves sensors,
weapons into an integrated network.
he U.S. Army is developing a networkthe Patriot and surface-launched advanced
By Henry S. for
centric system to connect and manage its
medium-range air-to-air missile (SLAMRAAM)
Kenyon
air defense systems. The capability will
systems, and it will be able to serve as a joint land
provide commanders with a dynamic, realattack cruise missile defense elevated netted sentime picture of the battlespace through shared data
sor (JLENS) command node. According to IBCS profeeding into the network. Dynamic software will
gram manager Col. Lloyd McDaniels, USA, Program
permit warfighters to establish defenses quickly by selectExecutive Office, Missiles and Space, Redstone Arsenal,
ing available weapons batteries and sensors across a theater
Alabama, the effort plans to integrate Patriot and SLAMof operations and linking them into a combat mission.
RAAM batteries and Sentinel and JLENS radars into a
The Integrated Air and Missile Defense Battle Comsingle fire control network by 2011.
mand System (IBCS) is an initiative to connect the variThe IBCS will include plug-and-fight interface modificaous components of the Army’s air and missile defense
tion kits to connect the network’s various platforms such as
systems. It will use a common command post developed
interceptor missiles and radars. These systems and their
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sensors are linked to the IBCS to provide real-time information flow across a shared network environment.
The IBCS program is implementing a key networkcentric method—applying existing capabilities such as
the system-of-systems common operating environment
(SOSCOE). This is the main software backbone used in
the system architecture to provide capabilities for conducting engagement and force operations. The colonel
explains that the IBCS is a transformational system
because it offers a network-centric and open architecture environment that will allow warfighters to access
data or to control directly any platform connected to the
network. The open architecture also will facilitate the
IBCS’ communications with other command and control and missile defense networks. He adds that one
goal of the IBCS is to enable all of the other services’
air defense systems, such as the U.S. Navy’s Aegis system, to link into the network through the open software
architecture.
The IBCS is designed to operate in the Army’s composite air and missile defense units at the platoon, battery and battalion levels. The system will permit battery
and brigade commanders to access various sensors and
weapons platforms on the network to meet immediate
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According to IBCS
program manager Col.
Lloyd McDaniels, USA,
the system is
transformational because
it will allow warfighters
to collect data and control
any of the sensors and
weapons systems linked
to the network. He adds
that this connectivity also
permits commanders to
set up defensive
networks quickly from
available assets in a
theater of operations.
battlefield needs. Col. McDaniels explains that this
operational flexibility is one of the objectives of the
IBCS. “If [the warfighters] need Patriot to do something, they can do it from the battalion level. If they
need a Sentinel to do something, they can do it. If they
need a SLAMRAAM to take some action, they can do it.
In all of our operations, we can delegate that responsibility down to the battery or platoon level—whatever the
conditions require,” he says.
The system’s open software architecture will manage
information flow to warfighters to prevent user overload.
The program is developing a common warfighter machine
interface to provide a shared environment for the entire air
defense force in its command and control structures. Col.
McDaniels notes that this common environment does not
currently exist for Army air and missile defense systems.
The program also is creating an integrated defense designer that will allow all command echelons to design integrated defenses in real time. “We’re providing real-time tools
for soldiers to design defenses in very short time periods
within the parameters of the capabilities of the systems
that they have. We can tailor the force appropriately and
move out,” he shares.
The IBCS project personnel have conducted extensive
studies over the past year and a half on communications
capabilities necessary for both system requirements and
Army air defense needs. Col. McDaniels says that a key
acquisition tenet was to integrate existing systems or those
nearing deployment to keep costs down and maintain interoperability with the rest of the Army. In addition, the program
office is exploring the use of components from the Warfighter
Information Network–Tactical (WIN-T) system, specifically
the C-band radio and antenna, for use in the IBCS.
The IBCS also will allow commanders to view their
weapons coverage arcs as they are creating defenses. The
colonel notes that both the air defense and signal communities use a variety of systems to determine line of sight
for communications links and relays. However, these
applications are often stovepiped, stand-alone capabilities.
The integrated defense designer tool will permit warfighters to assess a number of variables when integrating a
defense network. For example, an integrated defense netwww.afcea.org/signal
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NETWORKS
work must accommodate missile battery radar systems
operating in different frequencies, their locations, the
types of targets they will engage and all of the other
parameters necessary to optimize a defense. “When you
have a mission, you can set up your defense appropriately
and optimize the tools that you’ve been given for the
entire composite battalion,” the colonel explains.
Regarding the integration of existing software, Col.
McDaniels notes that the program has tried to follow the
direction the Army is moving in through efforts such as
SOSCOE, future command posts and other technologies,
including Future Combat Systems. He explains that he
must provide a capability in four years and adds that
delays can be costly. To fit into the IBCS, technologies
and programs must exist through 2020 and beyond.
The colonel says that the program’s request for proposal
to the contractor community specifies that bidders develop
a software open architecture environment to provide the
system. He adds that the contractors will be evaluated on
how well they design the software. The IBCS is scheduled
to achieve initial operational capability in the 2011 fiscal
year with an additional increment planned for 2017.
The major challenge facing the IBCS is integrating legacy systems, some of which date back to the 1960s, and
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72
SIGNAL, JULY 2007
new equipment that has not yet been through a critical
design review. “We have a whole range of technology disparities that we have to integrate,” the colonel says.
Another issue is that the U.S. Defense Department and the
Army have not had to develop system-of-systems capabilities
in the past. “Our acquisition systems, our financial systems,
our fielding systems—all of our ‘-ilities’ that support getting
this stuff out there—are not necessarily set up and optimized
for that capability. So we often have to look at how we can tailor our standard processes to support a system-of-systems process,” Col. McDaniels maintains.
The colonel notes that Army air defense resources had a
degree of interoperability for many years before interoperability became a term. He shares that in the early years of
his career, he operated Nike Hercules and Hawk missile
systems. Both of those systems tied into NATO headquarters for common command and control because of the
alliance’s need to coordinate operations for a potential
confrontation with the Warsaw Pact.
But during the past 27 years, technological threats have
become more sophisticated than those anticipated in traditional Cold War scenarios. Even developing nations now
can acquire sophisticated technologies such as short-range
ballistic and cruise missiles. Col. McDaniels states that in
operation Iraqi Freedom, Iraqi forces fired short-range ballistic missiles at coalition forces in Kuwait. He explains
that beyond the need for command and control for coalition and joint forces, there is a requirement to share air pictures to manage combat engagements dynamically. This
capability also will provide more comprehensive protection
to deployed U.S. and coalition troops.
Col. McDaniels notes that the U.S. Army has an
advanced capability with its Patriot missile batteries, which
was demonstrated during operation Iraqi Freedom when they
intercepted incoming Iraqi missiles (SIGNAL Magazine, June
2003, page 28). However, gaps exist in defending against
threats such as low-flying cruise missiles. The IBCS will
attempt to address this deficiency through the JLENS system,
which is specifically designed to detect low-flying threats.
Although the IBCS program’s goal is to develop a command and control system to manage air defense against
ballistic and cruise missiles, it relies on existing technologies and infrastructure. The colonel observes that designing a command and control system from the ground up is
less challenging than integrating existing systems. “It’s
one thing if you start with a blank sheet of paper and
build up. From a technical standpoint, it’s a lot less challenging. But if you’re trying to take legacy systems and
tie them together to interoperate in a different way than
they were intended, it’s a much more challenging technical task,” he says.
WEB RESOURCE
U.S. Army Program Executive Office, Missiles
and Space: www.msl.army.mil
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BUSINESS BYTE
Modernizing 911 for Marines—The 911 system at Camp
Lejeune, North Carolina, is set for upgrade to a centralized, secure command and control capability. The Consolidated Emergency Response System (CERS) will
leverage the current telecommunications infrastructure
to transmit real-time information from diverse inputs to
first responders. The tool integrates geographic information system images and digital mapping to supply emergency response personnel with an image of the location
of the crisis. The U.S. Marine Corps Systems Command
awarded $4.7 million to Black Box Network Services,
Herndon, Virginia, for the system. Installation of the
CERS will be complete this fall.
Eglin Gets Tougher Fiber Optic Network—A 12-mile
fiber optic cable network damaged by hurricanes is to be
reconstructed and fortified. The new highly survivable,
hurricane-resistant network at Eglin Air Force Base,
located off the coast of Florida on Santa Rosa Island, will
be able to survive a storm surge and overwash of 19 feet
or more. Fiber optic communications supports the base’s
Range Information Grid for weapons research, testing
and development. The $25 million task order to Multimax
Incorporated, Herndon, Virginia, and MTC Technologies
Incorporated, Dayton, Ohio, was awarded under the U.S.
Air Force Network-Centric Solutions contract vehicle.
Peacekeeping Training Pursued—To foster global capabilities for peacekeeping, the U.S. State Department is
preparing to launch worldwide training of militaries and
peacekeeping forces. The Global Peace Operations Initiative will offer multinational command post exercises,
create training products and instruct trainers on how to
train peacekeepers. Lessons learned from the Africa
Contingency Operations Training Assistance program
are being integrated into the initiative. The indefinite
delivery/indefinite quantity contract could be worth
$200 million over five years. Two of the awardees under
the contract are Northrop Grumman Technical Services,
Herndon, Virginia, and L-3 Communications’ subsidiary
MPRI Incorporated, Alexandria, Virginia.
Ships Outfitted with Communications Networks—
Future guided missile destroyers (DDGs) will be constructed with shipwide communications networks. The
USS William P. Lawrence will be equipped with a fiber
optic data multiplex system that provides 100 megabits
of bandwidth, while the design of the gigabit Ethernet
data multiplex system will be completed for the USS
Spruance and the as-yet-unnamed DDG 112. Both networks are total information transfer tools that will manage data from the ships’ navigation, steering control,
damage control, machinery control, combat and internal
communications systems. Boeing Integrated Defense
Systems’ C3 Networks division received the $7.1 million contract from the Naval Sea Systems Command.
The company will carry out work on the project in Anaheim, California, and Arlington, Virginia; installation is
expected to conclude by November 2011.
Pentagon Communications Upgrade—The physical
remodeling and information technology modernization
of the Pentagon is continuing with an award for the
installation of voice over Internet protocol (VoIP). A
carrier-grade multifunction VoIP switching platform
will support Pentagon users with capabilities that
include call processing, various classes of service such
as priority service, necessary adjunct and back-office
components, and maintenance of legacy equipment.
General Dynamics Information Technology, Fairfax,
Virginia, will carry out the work for the U.S. Army Program Executive Office for Enterprise Information Systems. This modification to an existing contract could be
worth $18.4 million over three years and includes provisions for security capabilities and upgrades for audiovisual equipment.
Simulator Fidelity Solution—A research effort is
developing a one-of-a-kind software-based fidelity
assessment simulator tool (FAST) for comparing the
fidelity of various aircraft simulators. FAST is conceived as an autonomous system that uses criteria such
as mission requirements, pilot feedback, cost and risk
analysis, simulator hardware and software, and biometrics to objectively evaluate simulators for the U.S.
Navy and Marine Corps. The tool will help the services
get the highest value from their investment in simulation capabilities. Work on the Phase I Small Business
Innovation Research contract is being performed by
SDS International’s Advanced Technologies Division,
Orlando, Florida.
Contract for Wearable Color Display—A transparent
eyewear display prototype could enable U.S. service
members to view full-color tactical and strategic data.
Incorporating light scanning technology, the display fits
the form factor of protective eyewear or sunglasses and
enables hands-free operation. Redmond, Washingtonbased Microvision Incorporated is integrating its proprietary ultra thin optical assembly and PicoP miniature
laser projection engine to develop a smaller and lighter
display than currently available. The prototype is
expected to improve situational awareness and to relieve
side effects experienced by troops due to excessive
equipment weight. The $3.2 million contract calls for
the design, creation, verification, testing and delivery of
the product for assessment by several U.S. Defense
Department program offices.
SIGNAL, JULY 2007
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ACT Industry Day 2007
Thursday 27 September 2007
Sheraton Hotel, Warsaw, Poland
NATO’s Supreme Allied Commander Transformation (SACT) in partnership with
the NATO Industrial Advisory Group (NIAG) and in cooperation with AFCEA
International presents an opportunity for engagement with Defence Industry.
“Fostering cooperation amongst NATO, Nations and
Industry—to ensure the Right Capabilities at the Right
Time—Now and in the Future”.
Welcome Reception on the evening of 26 September 2007 at the Royal
Castle in Warsaw.
More information:
www.nato-act-now.org
Contact AFCEA Europe:
[email protected]
____________
Conference support provided by
AFCEA International.
17 and 18 October 2007
____________
“FROM WEATHER TO WARFARE –
Integrating all-source Information
for Optimum Defence”
DECIDE NOW TO EXHIBIT AT
TECHNET EUROPE 2007!
On board the “Silja Serenade” ship of the Silja Line
(a scheduled ferry service that provides a full day alongside
in Stockholm and in Helsinki)
Guest speakers will include Mr. Hans Gustaf Wessberg,
State Secretary, Ministry of Defence (Sweden),
Lieutenant General Mats Nilsson, Swedish Defence
Forces Headquarters, Mr. Dag Wilhelmsen, General
Manager NATO Consultation Command and Control
Agency (NC3A) and Admiral Juhani Kaskeala, Chief of
Defence, Finnish Defence Forces.
Online registration and event updates:
www.afceaeurope.org, click on TechNet Europe 2007
Contact AFCEA Europe
Exposition/Sponsorship information: [email protected]
_______________
Tel: +32 2 705 2731
Fax: +32 2 705 2894
HELSINKI
STOCKHOLM
SESSIONS:
• The Need for Networks
• The Need to Manage and Inform
(not forgetting the weather!)
• The Need for Security
• The Need to Integrate
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AFCEA EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES
Chapters and Foundation Team Up for Education
FCEA International’s 135 chapters and the AFCEA
ships, grants and awards are presented by a representative of
Educational Foundation define teamwork. There is a
AFCEA. Chapter members regularly travel great distances to
natural division of labor in some areas and seamless
make presentations for the foundation.
joint efforts in others. In everything the chapters and
The foundation’s Professional Development Center
the foundation do, the common bond is the commitment to
(PDC) also works with some chapters to co-sponsor PDC
students and teachers studying the physical sciences, mathecourses. Any revenues in excess of expenses from these
matics and other technical subjects.
courses are shared with the chapters and are used to fund
In general, the chapters focus their educational programs on
other educational programs.
high school students in their communities who are moving on
Once in a while, the foundation teams with a chapter for a
to college. The foundation concentrates much of its efforts on
special project. In April the Dayton-Wright Chapter and the
encouraging and helping technically oriented students in those
foundation made it possible for two U.S. Air Force officers
challenging majors as college sophomores and juniors in addiattending the Air Force Institute of Technology’s Information
tion to those aiming for master’s and doctoral degrees.
Resource Management graduate program to travel to the Naval
The three main programs on which the chapters and the
Postgraduate School in Monterey, California, to present their
foundation collaborate are Science Teaching Tools, Chapter
papers at the International Conference on Information Warfare
Initiatives and the National High School Science Fair. Last
and Security. Last year the Northern Virginia Chapter and the
month’s column, “Enhancing Education One Teacher—and
foundation committed to co-sponsoring four scholarships
Many Students—at a Time” (SIGNAL Magazine, June 2007,
annually for veterans of operations in Iraq and Afghanistan.
page 99), described the Science Teaching Tools program and
The foundation also serves as a resource for the chapters’
the foundation’s plans for it in detail.
educational committees. Chapter members around the world
With its Chapter Initiatives program, the foundation encourknow they can call the foundation’s not-so-secret source—
ages chapters to expand their educational initiatives by offerNorma Corrales, director of scholarships, grants and
ing to match chapter investments in new programs. Once a
awards—to have their education-related questions
year the foundation’s board of directors reviews the proposals
answered. If she does not know an answer to a question, she
made by participating chapters and funds as many of the best
will not rest—or let anyone else rest—until she has found
programs as it can. The objective is for the foundation’s fundthe information. She is the linchpin in the dynamic relationing to reduce the chapters’ risk in launching a new program.
ship the chapters and the foundation enjoy.
Normally this is a one-time grant per initiative.
On occasion, the foundation will make a
matching gift for a second year. To learn more
about Chapter Initiatives or to submit a proposal for a grant, go to www.afcea.org/education/
scholarships/chapters/initiativegrants.asp.
__________________________
The foundation’s National High School Science Fair is hardwired to the chapters’
involvement in local science fairs. Each chapter is encouraged to nominate a local project
to compete in the AFCEA National High
School Science Fair. A team of professionals
judges the projects. This year the grand-prize
winner, Franz Sauer, nominated by the Fort
Monmouth Chapter, received an all-expensespaid trip to Transformation Warfare in Virginia
Beach, Virginia, where he had the opportunity
to discuss and demonstrate his project to conference participants and attendees. In addition,
the winner received a $1,000 cash prize. The
foundation also awarded cash prizes for other
entries in the contest. For details about this
program and to meet this year’s winners, go
Norma Corrales, director of scholarships, grants and awards, has been
to www.afcea.org/education/scholarships/
with the foundation, serving AFCEA members, for 10 years. She is
sciencefairwinners07.htm.
_________________
shown here with Brig. Gen. Witold Cieslewski, Polish Army (Ret.),
In addition to these formal programs, the
president of the Polish Chapter, at last fall’s International Electronics
chapters make it possible for the foundation to
and Telecommunications Conference of Students and Young
Scientists, Military University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland.
deliver on its promise that all of its scholar-
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“Persistent C4ISR: The Global War on Terror—Homeland Security—Humanitarian Operations”
November 14–15, 2007
John B. Hynes Convention Center
Boston, MA
Registration!
www.tnnorth.org
Co-sponsored by AFCEA International and
the Lexington-Concord Chapter
• Securing the Borders from Air, Land
& Sea
• Securing CyberSpace
• Operational Implementations and
Lessons Learned
• Evolving Programs
• Technology
ker:
Featured Spea
le Tom Ridge,
TechNet North 2007 will feature prominent
speakers and panels of experts who will examine
how persistent C4ISR systems are being
employed today, what lessons we have learned
from past implementations and what is being
developed to exploit their enormous potential.
MARK YOUR CALENDAR!
TechNet Asia-Pacific 2007
Sheraton Waikiki and Royal
Hawaiian Hotels,
Honolulu, Hawaii
The Honorab ary of
former Secret rity
Homeland Secu
Exhibit Information:
J. Spargo & Associates, Inc.
Phone: 703-631-6200
[email protected]
______________
Patron/Sponsor Information:
Gina McGovern
Phone: 703-631-6236
[email protected]
____________
Program Information:
Scott Amos
Phone: 703-631-6128
[email protected]
__________
Speakers from the following Commands:
• U.S. Pacific Command
• U.S. Army Pacific
• Marine Forces Pacific
• Fourteenth Coast Guard District
• Pacific Air Forces
• J-6 U.S. Pacific Command
Program Information: Terry Rogers,
(703) 631-6238, [email protected]
_____________
Patron/Sponsor Information: Maureen Cirrito,
______________
Exhibit Information: J. Spargo & Associates,
_______________
Details coming soon to
www.afcea.org/events/asiapacific
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Product Profiles
LIND ELECTRONICS, INC.
AUTOMATED BUSINESS POWER
The LIND battery charger is designed for charging the
battery pack for Panasonic® Toughbooks. The battery
charger consists of one, three or five identical charging
bays that are mounted together and powered from a single
power source. Chargers are available for the Toughbook
08, 18, 19, 29, 30, T4 and T5 series batteries.
The Automated Business Power ABP-RPT-MBITR-2 and the
ABP-RPT-152-2 are Dual Base Station/Repeater/Retransmit
Integrated systems that support NSA certified AN/PRC-148
MBITR or AN/PRC-152 radios. The system combines interoperability and output power for extended long range operations
with the portability of a tactical handheld - critical for today’s
dispersed battle field. As with all ABP products the ABP-RPTMBITR-2 and the ABP-RPT-152-2 systems come with ABP’s
reputation for total system solution and customer technical support. For more information visit, http://abp.com/Dual_Base_
_________________
Station_Repeater_Retransmit_Integrated_Case.shtml.
_______________________________
LIND Multiple Bay
Battery Charger
for Panasonic
Laptop Batteries
Lind Electronics, Inc.
6414 Cambridge St., Minneapolis, MN 55426
Telephone: 952-927-6303 • Facsimile: 952-927-7740
__________________
Web site: www.lindelectronics.com
Next Generation Frames, part of ADC’s Optical
Distribution Frame family, provide a centralized
point for termination, splicing, slack storage and housing passive optical components such as splitters and WDMs. NGF
blocks can be ordered in adapter only configurations or preinstalled with intrafacility cables, dramatically reducing installation time. The NGF features industry-leading density and
fiber management, including easy connector access, bend radius
protection, clear cable routing paths and physical protection.
ADC
ADC
13625 Technology Dr.
Eden Prairie, MN 55344-2252
Telephone: 1-800-336-3891, ext. 7-3627
Facsimile: 952-917-1717
_______________
Web site: www.adc.com/federal
SUPERIOR
ESSEX
Superior Essex now offers a dry water-blocked, sunlight
resistant indoor/outdoor tight buffer CMR rated cable.
Ideal for campus installations, this fiber product incorporates the latest dry-water blocking technology. It eliminates the need for Breakout kits as well as eliminates the
need to clean off traditional gel-based compounds found in
loose-tube cables. The jacket is a UL listed sunlight resistant polymer allowing exposure to long-term direct sunlight. Various fiber types are available.
Superior Essex Communications LP
150 Interstate North Pkwy, Atlanta, GA 30339
Telephone: 1-800-551-8948 • Facsimile: 770-657-6807
______________
Web site: www.SuperiorEssex.com
AUTOMATED BUSINESS POWER
7611-J Rickenbacker Dr., Suite J
Gaithersburg, MD 20879
Telephone: 301-977-5570
Facsimile: 301-977-5210
_________
Web site: www.abp.com
PERKINS
TECHNICAL
SERVICES, INC.
Perkins Technical Services
manufactures AC Power
Supply Docking Stations
with internal speakers for
SINCGARS radios that
utilize worldwide AC power
(85/265 VAC 47/440HZ).
• SR-3 – RFPA and
1523 A-F series radios
• SR-3A – RFPA and
1523 A-F series radios
and also supports remote
LS-671 Speaker
(A-B series radios receive only)
• SR-4 – 2 each RFPAs and
2 each 1523 E-F series radios
and also supports remote
2 each LS-671 Speakers.
Perkins Technical Services, Inc.
6767 Old Madison Pike, Suite 275, Huntsville, AL 35806
_____________ • Web site: www.pts-inc.com
LOCUS MICROWAVE, INC.
The Locus Microwave UB61000 Series X Band Block Up
Converter offers a compact, rugged and cost effective solution
for frequency amplification within the Military Communications bandwidth. The UB61000 Series is available in 30/50
watt power output and features an L Band input interface with
an X Band (7.9-8.4 GHz) output. At 11” x 6.8” x 5.25” and
13.6 pounds, the UB61000 Series is weatherized for a variety
of battlefield conditions. The phase noise of this unit exceeds
both MIL-STD-188-164 and IESS-308 requirements.
Locus Microwave, Inc.
176 Technology Dr., Suite 200
Boalsburg, PA 16827
Telephone: 814-466-6275
Facsimile: 814-466-1104
_________________
Web site: www.locusmicrowave.com
SIGNAL, JULY 2007
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Product Profiles
AEROTEC LABORATORIES, INC.
HARDIGG
ATL builds advanced fuel cells used by the defense, aerospace, motor sports and other industries. ATL fuel cells can be
found in unmanned vehicles (land, air and sea), armored vehicles, communications support trailers, Formula One race cars,
and many other high-performance, mission-critical applications as well. With over 35 year of experience, ATL is one of
the most trusted names in fuel cell technology. For complete
information about ATL’s products, visit us online at atlinc.com.
With the introduction of Hardigg Cases’ TactiCool™ Mobile
AC unit, overheated electronics are history. Housed in a rugged
11U Hardigg Classic Rack case, the TactiCool™ provides your
vital rack-mounted electronics directly with 6,000 BTUs of
cool, clean air in a closed-loop system—protecting your gear
from dust and moisture as well as extreme heat. Please visit
www.Hardigg.com to learn more about the TactiCool and the
wide variety of transport solutions Hardigg has to offer
Aero Tec Laboratories, Inc.
Spear Road Industrial Park
Ramsey, NJ 07440
Telephone: 201-825-1400
Facsimile: 201-825-1962
_________
Web site: www.atlinc.com
EFJohnson provides two way
radios and communication systems for the military, law enforcement, fire fighters, and EMS.
Founded in 1923, EFJohnson was one of the first developers
of wireless communications products to be fully compliant
with Project 25 interoperability standards. Our portfolio of
digital and analog radio communications solutions assists in
effectively and affordably managing the transition to digital
P25 compliant systems. Make EFJohnson your supplier of
choice for compliance with the narrowband mandate.
EF JOHNSON
EFJohnson
1440 Corporate Dr.
Irving, TX 75038
Telephone: 1-800-201-9755
or 972-819-0700
Facsimile: 972-819-0639
______________
Web site: www.EFJohnson.com
Hardigg Cases
147 North Main St.
South Deerfield, MA 01373
Telephone: 413-665-2163
Facsimile: 413-665-8330
Web site: www.Hardigg.com
MICROCARE
MicroCare is the new leader in fiber optic cleaning. Fiber
Prep Fluid cleans fiber for splicing or termination, but is
nonflammable and nonhazardous. Single-use FiberAide™
Wipes are sealed in a protective package against dusty or
wet outside environments, making reliable cleaning a snap,
even for untrained users. Connector Cleaning Sticks clean
inside alignment sleeves—any size, any configuration, any
where. If you’re installing or trouble-shooting fiber optics,
you need FiberCare. Free samples available.
MicroCare Corp.
595 John Downey Dr.
New Britain, CT 06051
Telephone: 860-827-0626
Facsimile: 860-827-8105
___________________
Web site: www.MicroCare.com
PENN STATE
AR MODULAR RF
Penn State’s College of Earth and Mineral Sciences and the
World Campus are pleased to announce their offering of the
first online postbaccalaureate certificate in geospatial intelligence. This 14-credit certificate program is designed to provide
students with the knowledge and skills needed to become competent practitioners of geospatial technology. The first course
will be offered during the fall semester 2007. Visit www.world_______
campus.psu.edu/geoint4
______________ for details or to begin your application!
AR Modular RF makes RF jammer
amplifiers that keep sensitive communications from being compromised in even the harshest, most
brutal conditions. Our new designs are smaller and more efficient, requiring less current. They operate under high VSWR
conditions and work with modern, complex and wideband
jamming modulation techniques. Models are available from
10 – 2700 MHz for both portable and vehicle-mounted systems with power from a few watts to hundreds of watts.
Penn State Outreach Marketing & Communications
301 Outreach Building, University Park, PA 16802
________________
Web site: www.outreach.psu.edu
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SIGNAL, JULY 2007
AR Modular RF
11807 North Creek Pkwy South, Suite 109
Bothell, WA 98011
______________________
Web site: www.ar-worldwide.com
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L-3 COMMUNICATIONS
SYSTEMS EAST
The S/TAR™ File Server System (FSS) provides military customers a turn-key, fully redundant, severe environment, high
performance server suite. It features, network attached storage
functionality, multiple diskless clients with disparate operating
systems and solid state removable media. The FSS provides an
open system architecture utilizing COTS software, totally
upgradeable. FSS applications include infrastructure for network centric missions, situational awareness, re-tasking/re-targeting, serving as centralized removable storage for all data
and applications facilitating upload/download of mission data.
F
TAG’s dual 19” rugged display is ideal for mission-critical applications in harsh environments.
The low-profile 19” screens lock into place for maximum safety and readability. The entire system collapses into a 2U drawer that is less than 20” deep, taking up less room in crowded
racks. The innovative system is perfect for situational awareness, deployable communications, UAS ground control stations, and surveillance and reconnaissance. Visit www.tag.com
to learn more about TAG’s world-class engineering, manufacturing and integration, and lifecycle management.
TAG
TAG
22355 TAG Way
Dulles, VA 20166
Telephone: 703-406-3000
Facsimile: 703-406-3892
___________
Web site: www.tag.com
L-3 Communication Systems–East
1 Federal Street, Camden, NJ 08103
Telephone: 856-338-2305
Facsimile: 856-338-2741
_______________
Web site: www.l-3com.com/star
HARRIS
TESSCO
The Harris AN/VRC-110 is a vehicular
system that includes the NSA-certified
Falcon® III AN/PRC-152(C) multiband
handheld radio. The system combines
the functionality and output power
operators rely on for long-range communications, with the portability of a
tactical handheld—critical for quickdismount scenarios. As with all Harris products, the
AN/VRC-110 vehicular system comes with the Harris reputation for support. Whether it’s a voice on the phone, or a
face in the field, we’ll answer your call, day and night.
TESSCO offers a cost-effective solution to public safety
communications with the speed and simplicity of deployment that is essential in any situation. Easy to set up,
deployable in five minutes, and with a price of under
$5000, the Raytheon JPS ACU-M makes interoperability
simple and affordable. The unit provides interoperability
between multiple radio systems operating on different frequencies as well as VoIP channels. For more information
go to www.tessco.com/go/interop.
Harris RF Communications
1680 University Ave., Rochester, NY 14610
Telephone: 585-244-5830 • E-mail: [email protected]
_____________
Web site: www.rfcomm.harris.com
TESSCO Technologies
11126 McCormick Rd.
Hunt Valley, MD 21031
Telephone: 1-800-508-5444
Facsimile: 410-229-1480
__________
Web site: www.tessco.com/go/interop
ZERO MANUFACTURING
AMTI
We Provide Unparalleled Protection
When you want power protection, you want actual, not nominal. The P-501 MBITR Power Adapter is not just an ordinary
battery adapter but a power conditioner for many sources.
Whether you use any XX90 style battery, power from a vehicle, or a power source from 10 to 32 VDC you can rest assured
that you are protected. This environmentally sealed unit is
short circuit, over current, over temperature protected and is
shielded from EMI/RFI susceptibility. So ask yourself, is your
MBITR radio really protected? Then call us!
Zero Manufacturing is the leading manufacturer of quality,
deep-drawn aluminum and plastic cases and enclosures.
Zero’s real product is protection - ensuring the safe transport and viability of valuable equipment and electronics –
without compromise. Zero can meet your needs with one of
our standard products, or through a specialized custom
design. We have the engineering and manufacturing expertise to see the job through to success. For Unparalleled
Protection, choose Zero Manufacturing, Inc.
Zero Manufacturing
500 W. 200 N.
North Salt Lake, UT 84054
Telephone: 1-800-500-9376
Facsimile: 801-299-7389
_____________ • Web site: www.zerocases.com
AMTI, an Operation of SAIC
2929 Sabre St.
Virginia Beach, VA 23452
Telephone: 757-431-8597
Facsimile: 757-961-5953
_________
Web site: www.amti-tsg.com
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Product Profiles
CRITICOM
Criticom’s ISEC-323™ Delivers
Failsafe, Certified IP Video
Communications Security
With Criticom’s TEMPEST-approved and
DISA/JITC-certified ISEC-323TM, you can
have both unclassified and classified transmissions to Top Secret and above in one system without compromising security. Featuring fiber-optic isolation and an integrated IPDomain Controller, the system is engineered to properly manage the configuration of the codec when transitioning between
security levels. Simply switching the physical connections violates NSA guidelines. The ISEC-323 is available as a turnkey
solution, or as a modular upgrade for any ISEC product.
EIC
EIC Solutions’ Thermoelectric
Air Conditioners
EIC’s maintenance-free Thermoelectric Air Conditioners
range from 200 BTU to 2500 BTU and are constructed to
NEMA 12 and 4X standards for indoor or outdoor use. Units
are extremely reliable for electronics cooling and feature an
adjustable thermostat and stainless steel housings. Coolers
can be customized with a variety of options including condensate drip pans, rain shrouds, extension frames and more.
EIC specializes in cooling a complete line of Wall-mount
Enclosures, Computer Cabinets, Rack-mount Enclosures and
Transit Cases. We welcome custom applications, too.
Criticom, Inc., 4211 Forbes Blvd., Lanham, MD 20706
Telephone: 1-877-CRITICOM (1-877-274-8426)
Facsimile: 301-306-0605 • E-mail: [email protected]
_______________
Web site: www.criticom.com
EIC Solutions, Inc., 1825 Stout Dr., Warminster, PA 18974
Telephone: 215-443-5190
_________________
Web site: www.eicsolutionsinc.com
BITMICRO
WINSTED TECHNICAL INTERIORS
E-Disk Transit is a non-volatile 3.5” SCSI storage solution in a
rugged, industry standard 5.25-inch half-height module. Ideal
for applications requiring rapid, frequent swaps, BiTMICRO’s
HC (High Cycle) module brings frequent insertion/removal
capabilities to your system. Patented SCSI Disconnect technology delivers true hot swap removal for your secure and rugged
storage needs. The E-Disk Transit is available in capacities up
to 114.6 GB and features patented data security technologies
such as PowerGuard®, DataSentinel and securErase®.
The new Matrix Evolution console incorporates Winsted Technical Interiors’ exclusive Adapt-A-Track universal mount system, which offers the flexibility of a slat track system while
improving the operator’s line of sight to monitor walls. An
ergonomically designed Scorpion pole, mounted to the AdaptA-Track system, enables 2-3 monitor high configurations.
Additional features include a desktop-turret with built-in rack
mounts for electronics and an integrated Adapt-A-Track system ideal for mounting an articulating monitor arm.
BiTMICRO Networks, Inc.
47929 Fremont Blvd.
Fremont, CA 94538
Telephone: 510-623-2341
Facsimile: 510-743-3155
____________
Web site: www.bitmicro.com
PARVUS
CORPORATION
The DuraCOR™ 810 is a
rugged military-grade processor system designed for high
reliability applications requiring MIL-STD-810F environmental
compliance with extreme temperatures, shock/vibration, and
ingress. Mechanically designed with considerations for dust
exposure, water immersion, EMI/EMC, corrosion resistance,
power protection, and system mobility, this field-ready computer builds on years of experience by Parvus in developing and
qualifying similar systems for harsh ground vehicle and
aerospace installations. For more information, visit our website
at www.parvus.com or call 1-800-483-3152.
Parvus Corporation
3222 So Washington St.
Salt Lake City, UT 84115
Telephone: 801-483-1533
Facsimile: 801-483-1523
____________
Web site: www.parvus.com
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SIGNAL, JULY 2007
Winsted Technical Interiors
1750 Breckinridge Pkwy, Suite 100
Duluth, GA 30096
Telephone: 770-840-0880
Facsimile: 770-840-9685
_______________
Web site: www.winsted.com/ti
QUINTRON SYSTEMS, INC.
Multi-level secure voice access via the DRSN is provided
by the DICES IV Thin Client station designed for STRATCOM at Offutt AFB. This special user station provides
direct access to secure phone calls and intercom circuits
with color-coded display for different security levels. The
touch screen LCD allows simultaneous access to 24 voice
circuits. Additional features include a rolodex for rapid
phone call origination and dual-channel audio to differentiate between talk and monitor audio access.
Quintron Systems, Inc.
2105 S Blosser Rd.
Santa Maria, CA 93458
Telephone: 805-928-4343
Facsimile: 805-928-5775
______________
Web site: www.quintron.com
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REGISTER NOW!
LandWarNet 2007
“Conducting Information-Enabled Joint Warfighting and Supporting Operations”
August 21–23 | Broward County Convention Center, Ft. Lauderdale, FL
Program will include 7 comprehensive track sessions
on the following topics:
• Information Assurance—The Defender’s Challenge
• Infrastructure—Building and Sustaining the Installation
Information Infrastructure
• Army Enterprise Transformation—Knowledge
Management and Business Innovation
• LandWarNet Network Operations (NetOps)
• Space—LandWarNet Integration
• Extending GIG Connectivity to the Warfighter—
(3 Dimensional)
• Challenges of Expeditionary and Operational Base Forces
For program information contact
Terry Rogers at (703) 631-6238;
(800) 336-4583, ext. 6238; or [email protected].
_____________
Invited Speakers and Panel Moderators include:
• Mr. Peter Geren, Acting Secretary of the Army
• GEN William S. Wallace, USA, Commanding General, U.S. Army Training
and Doctrine Command
• Gen Victor E. Renuart, Jr., USAF, Commander, North American
Aerospace Defense Command/U.S. Northern Command
• Lt Gen Charles E. Croom, Jr., USAF, Director, Defense Information
Systems Agency
• VADM Mark J. Edwards, USN, Deputy Chief of Naval Operations for
Communication Networks (N6)
• LTG Jeffrey Sorenson, USA, Army CIO/G6
• BG Jeffrey Foley, USA, Director, Architecture, Operations, Networks &
Space, Army CIO/G-6
• BG Jennifer Napper, USA, Director, C4, U.S. Pacific Command
• Mr. Brad Boston, Senior Vice President and CIO, Cisco Systems
(confirmed)
For exhibit information contact
J. Spargo & Associates at (703) 631-6200;
(800) 564-4220; [email protected].
_________________
For patron and sponsor information contact
Gina McGovern at (703) 631-6236;
(800) 336-4583, ext. 6236; or [email protected].
_______________
Program details and registration: www.afcea.org/events/landwarnet
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10th Annual
AFCEA International
Diversity Golf Tournament
Thursday, July 19, 2007
Westfields Golf Club, Clifton, VA
Schedule
7:00 a.m.
8:00 a.m.
12:30 p.m.
Registration Opens
Shotgun Start
Lunch/Awards
Special Contests for GREAT PRIZES!
•
•
•
Hole-in-One
Longest Drive
Closest-to-the-Pin
… and more!
Fees:
Government/Military Individual $75
Government/Military Twosome (Two Women)
$145
Industry Twosome (Must include at least one woman player)
Industry Twosome (Two-Man Team) $800
Industry Threesome (Must include at least one woman player)
Industry Threesome (All Men) $995
Industry Foursome (Must include one woman)
Includes Hole Sponsorship
$600
$850
$1,500
Registration Includes:
For more information
contact Maureen Cirrito
at (703) 631-6174 or
[email protected].
______________________
www.afcea.org/
events/golf
_______________
•
•
•
•
Greens Fees/Range Balls/Carts
Continental Breakfast
Munchies and Liquid Refreshments on the Course
“19th Hole Awards Luncheon”—Awards & Prizes
Sign Up Early!
Space is Limited
Rain Policy: In the event of inclement weather, call the AFCEA Golf
Line at (703) 631-6263/64 for Tournament status. Tournament will
not be cancelled unless the course is closed. In the event the
Tournament is rained out, every attempt will be made to reschedule.
• No refunds for cancellations after July 6.
•
Sponsorship Opportunities
•
Hole Sponsorship!
•
Sponsorship ideas include: golf balls, hats,
towels, tees, divot tools, markers, etc.
Company name and logo displayed at hole
•
Tournament Giveaways!
Special Contests!
Company name and logo on holes designated for Holein-One, Longest Drive, and Closest-to-the-Pin contests.
Featuring individual contests for men and women.
•
Tournament Activities!
Beverage carts, continental breakfast,
team photos, range balls, awards lunch, etc!
Education is AFCEA’s #1 priority—the Association supports a robust scholarship program through
its Educational Foundation. A significant portion of the proceeds from this Tournament will go to
the Diversity Scholarship program, which provides educational assistance to deserving students at
the university and graduate level.
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ASSOCIATION NEWS
AFCEA ONLINE
AFCEA TELEPHONE
AFCEA Home . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . www.afcea.org
SIGNAL Home . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . www.afcea.org/signal
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AFCEA members can update their records and renew their membership as well as change their
address for SIGNAL delivery through the AFCEA Portal. Go to https://afceaportal.org.
NEW CORPORATE MEMBERS
Listed below are the latest organizations to become corporate members of AFCEA International.
A capabilities statement for each new member will be published in this issue or in the future.
Advantage Consulting Inc.,
Annandale, VA, www.acibiz.com
Ciprico Inc., Plymouth, MN,
www.ciprico.com
Compass Systems Consulting Inc.,
McLean, VA, www.compass-sc.com
Corning Cable Systems,
Hickory, NC,
www.corningcablesystems.com
CPS Professional Services LLC,
Fairfax, VA, www.cps-ps.com
Cyrus Acquisition Technologies
LLC, Virginia Beach, VA,
www.cyrusacqtech.com
Digital Prospectors Corp.,
Manchester, NH, www.dpcit.com
Digitaltide Solutions Inc.,
Malvern, PA, www.dtide.com
Escola de Tecnologias Navais,
Almada, Portugal, www.marinha.pt
Expert System S.P.A., Modena, Italy,
www.expertsystem.net
Force 10 Networks, San José, CA,
www.force10networks.com
IBM Svenska AB, Stockholm,
Sweden, www.ibm.com/se
Keynote Connections Inc.,
Dobbs Ferry, NY,
www.keynote-connections.com
M & M Technical Service Inc.,
Woodbridge, VA, www.mmtsi.com
MicroLink LLC, Vienna, VA,
www.microlinkllc.com
NCS Technologies Inc.,
Manassas, VA, www.ncst.com
NuCrypt LLC,
Evanston, IL, www.nucrypt.net
Praeses LLC, Shreveport, LA,
www.praeses.com
PRO DV Software AG/Div
Government, Dortmund, Germany,
www.prodv.de
PT Comunicações S.A., Lisboa,
Portugal, www.ptcomunicacoes.pt
RSI Tech, Milano, Italy,
www.rsitech.it
Samsung SDS, Seoul, South Korea,
www.sds.samsung.co.kr
SDN Global LLC, Pineville, NC,
www.sdnglobal.com
Share Value Lda, Lisboa, Portugal,
www.sharevalue.pt
TerreStar Networks,
Reston, VA, www.terrestar.com
Thesi Technologie s.r.l.,
Ardea, Rome, www.thesitec.com
Tidewater Communications
and Electronics Inc.,
Virginia Beach, VA,
www.tcewireless.com
TKC Technology Solutions LLC,
Fairfax, VA, www.tkctech.com
Trilogy USA Inc., Aventura, FL,
www.trilogycomms.com
Visual Systems Group Inc. (VSGi),
McLean, VA, www.vsgi.com
SIGNAL, JULY 2007
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CORPORATE CAPABILITY STATEMENTS
The following new AFCEA corporate members have recently completed online capability listings.
See the full profiles of these and other AFCEA corporate members in searchable form at www.afcea.org/sourcebook.
CASES2GO
24650 State Road 54
Lutz, FL 33559
Telephone: (813) 265-1808
Fax: (813) 264-1975
_____________
Web Home Page:
www.cases2go.com
President and AFCEA Contact:
David Root
Products/Services: Cases2Go is a
national distributor for Hardigg, Zarges,
Anvil, Zero Halliburton, Brenthaven,
Briggs and Riley, Calzone, Kinetics and
U.S. Luggage shipping, travel and
deployable cases.
MCNAMEE AND MCNAMEE PLL
2625 Commons Boulevard
Beavercreek, OH 45431
Telephone: (937) 427-1367
Fax: (937) 427-1369
Web Home Page:
www.mcnameelaw.com
President: Michael McNamee
Senior Counsel and AFCEA
Contact: Christopher Peifer
Products/Services: McNamee
and McNamee provides specialized,
comprehensive legal services to
organizations that conduct business
with the federal government, including
Defense Department and non-Defense
Department agencies.
OSCAR SRL
via Giacomo
Peroni, 400
00131 Roma
Italy
Telephone:
39 06 97614450
Fax: 39 06 97614451
______________
Web Home Page:
www.oscarwww.com
AFCEA Contact: Tommaso Guglielmin
Products/Services: The company’s
main areas of operations are the following:
software products design, implementation
and distribution; fully integrated solutions
projects (hardware and software); advisory
and support services to corporate and public
entities; and ICT security.
TRILOGY USA INC.
20533 Biscayne Boulevard
Suite 116
Aventura, FL 33180
Telephone: (847) 461-1480
Fax: (800) 372-3198
____________
Web Home Page:
www.trilogycomms.com
President: Mark Wren
Vice President, Sales and
Marketing: Rebecca Purington
Products/Services: Communications
equipment, including Internet-protocolbased intercom, radio and
telecommunications platforms.
SMALL BUSINESS REPORT
Contractors Prove Themselves Through Performance
A
current trend in acquisitions
evaluates contract success by
measurable standards of performance, and it allows contractors
the freedom to choose the way they
work instead of having their actions
dictated by the client. Paula Franks of
SAIC shared this information along
with other elements of performancebased acquisition with attendees of
the AFCEA Small Business Committee’s May meeting.
Franks, a corporate advocate for
performance-based acquisition,
noted that this approach encourages
companies to develop innovative
methods for addressing client needs.
She said that because performancebased acquisition permits contractors to work with a degree of independence, it can be a stumbling
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SIGNAL, JULY 2007
block for clients who have “a difficult time letting go of the how.” The
performance-based approach is not
solely for service contracts but also
applies to product acquisitions,
according to Franks.
One of the greatest challenges of
performance-based acquisition is
ensuring that metrics measure the contractor’s performance in a meaningful
way. Franks recommended devising
metrics to chart how the contractor is
helping the client meet its vision. She
also advised establishing automatic
tools for standards measurement and
identifying a mechanism for modifying standards over time.
Monetary and other incentives
may be offered in performancebased acquisitions, Franks stated.
However, many of these incentives
are negative; of the few positive
incentives provided by government
contracts, the most common affect
contract term, she related.
U.S. Air Force and Navy officials
have said they expect significant
savings, greater competition and better value from performance-based
contracts, Franks stated, adding that
the Air Force’s acquisitions leadership has declared that ultimately all
of the service’s contracts will be 100
percent performance based.
The AFCEA Small Business Committee meets regularly at AFCEA
International headquarters in Fairfax,
Virginia. More information on the
committee can be obtained at www.
___
afcea.org/smallbus or by contacting
Tammy Goehring at tgoehring@
_________
afcea.org or at (703) 631-6119.
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Wireless Systems and Networks &
Internet and Multi-Level Security
and Technology
AFCEA Course 350 instructor
Dr. Harvey Gates, a faculty member
in both the Department of Aerospace
Engineering Science and the
Interdisciplinary Telecommunications
Program at the University of
Colorado-Boulder, confers with AFCEA
Course 385 instructor Dr. A. J.
“Robbie” Robertson, a Senior
Scientist with Northrop Grumman
Mission Systems, who currently leads
several efforts in multi-level security
and network processing systems.
#350 Wireless Systems
and Networks
#385 Internet and Multi-Level
Security and Technology
SIGN UP
The wireless industry and end users are
The Defense and Intelligence Communities’
growing faster than Moore's Law and
emphasis on information sharing,
support a plethora of the IP-centric
horizontal integration and network-centric
AFCEA Course 385
networks, protocols and applications.
operations places extraordinary
September 24–26, 2007
Sharpen your skills and knowledge of
requirements on underlying technologies to
wireless and RF technologies and coding
support secure network communications.
Government $1,008
processes. Learn more about legacy
This course covers: Internet security
Industry $1,260
wireless as well as the emergence and roll-
infrastructure (protocols, Internet Protocol
outs of next-generation mobile and ad hoc-
Security, public and private key encryption,
based networks such as the IEEE 802.11 11p
etc.); certification and accreditation for
and 11s WiFi networks, the 802.16e and 16j,
systems that process classified information;
802.20 and G3/4 cellular. See how next
and systems supporting different security
generation network planners are
contexts. The course also demonstrates
considering strapping WiMAX to 802.17
many issues in an actual deployed context.
AFCEA Course 350
www.afcea.org/education
Or contact the PDC Registrar at
[email protected]
___________ or 703-631-6137
Also of interest:
#351, Terrestrial and Wireless Networking
RPRs and the value and insight this offers
WHO SHOULD ATTEND
and Trends, November 26–30, 2007
This course is designed for people who
Instructors Dr. Harvey Gates and
WHO SHOULD ATTEND
work with enterprise security requirements,
Dr. Robbie Robertson
This course is ideal for individuals involved
and/or classified processing systems.
Government $1,540 | Industry $1,925
to real-time data streaming.
in planning, decision making and
procurement of current and next-generation
IP-centric fixed-base as well as mobile
wireless systems and networks.
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AFCEAN OF THE MONTH
Maj. Vincenzo Ardizio, ITAF • Rome Chapter
M
aj. Vincenzo Ardizio,
ITAF, is assigned with the
NATO Airborne Early
Warning and Control Programme Management Agency,
Brunssum, the Netherlands, supporting modernization of the airborne warning and control system fleet. Before joining that
agency, he worked in the Italian
Ministry of Defense’s Teledife
sector, which is the ministry’s
unit for advanced technology.
The major served as secretary of the Rome Chapter
from December 2004 to late 2006. He was active in this
position, organizing semimonthly meetings and inviting
attendees from the local information technology and
For a look back at the future,
visit SIGNAL’s searchable
online archives at
www.afcea.org/signal/
archives/default.asp.
________________________
All articles published in SIGNAL since
January 1999 are available for viewing
and can be e-mailed directly from the site.
communications communities. He networked regularly
with national and international organizations, informing
them of the benefits of AFCEA membership.
In addition, Maj. Ardizio has helped the chapter prepare for numerous events, spending many hours to
ensure the success of these large-scale activities. The
results of his work have far exceeded expectations, as
confirmed by attendee surveys.
Fellow AFCEANs state that Maj. Ardizio has become
an excellent resource for chapter members. His efforts
helped the chapter to double its membership in less than
one year and to receive the association’s Harry C. Ingles
Award in 2006 in the large chapter category.
In honor of his support for the Rome Chapter’s events
and his efforts to increase AFCEA membership, the
association proudly recognizes Maj. Vincenzo Ardizio,
ITAF, as the AFCEAN of the Month.
CALL FOR REALLY OLD PAPERS
During the 60 years that AFCEA International has been
providing content to the communications and information
technology community, it has produced many reports,
proceedings and studies, some of which the association
would like to make available electronically to its
membership for research or reference.
A recent inventory of AFCEA headquarters archives
shows that many of the original copies of these
documents are missing.
AFCEA is calling for contributions of studies, reports and
proceedings that have been produced by AFCEA
headquarters from 1980 forward. Specific titles include the
Evolutional Acquisition Study, the Strategic Defense
Initiative Report and the Fiber Optics Conference
Proceedings. If you have any of these documents, or any
others, and are willing to contribute them to the archive,
please contact Christina Yanette at [email protected]
____________
or at (703) 631-6192 with the title and publication date.
She will inform you whether what you have is needed.
As a measure of appreciation, AFCEA will offer anyone
whose contribution is accepted his or her choice of a
patriotic music box, a portable picnic set or a travel pillow.
Please contact AFCEA to confirm need and obtain the
correct address before sending in reports.
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SIGNAL, JULY 2007
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REGISTER NOW!
Orlando, Florida | October 29–31, 2007
Conference Details:
www.milcom.org
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INTERNATIONAL
CHAPTER NEWS
Argentina—In March Jorge Crom (l),
South American regional vice president,
joins a convention participant at the
AFCEA table at Tecnotendencias 2007 in
northern Patagonia.
Edited by Amber Corrin
Web site: www.afcea.org/signal/chapternews
EDITORIAL POLICY: Chapter News must be received by the
20th of the month two months prior to publication date.
Argentina
Tecnotendencias
2007 Conference
In March the chapter sponsored Tecnotendencias 2007, the first North Patagonic convention and exhibition on new
information technologies trends. The
event was held in the city of Neuquen,
located in the northern region of Patagonia. Jorge Crom, South American regional vice president, helped to organize the
event and gave a presentation on networked corporations.
Canaveral
Challenges in Air Force
Communications
Col. Frederick Mooney, USAF, chief
of the Networks and Information Technology Division of the U.S. Air Force
Space Command, addressed the chapter
at the April meeting. The colonel
observed that the communications
career field is the most challenging in
the Air Force, noting that a communications squadron is responsible for the
base bulletin and the mail system, for
answering Freedom of Information
requests and for providing secure and
nonsecure communications. One task,
fighting terrorism on the Internet, has
ballooned from 45 Web sites in 2003 to
some 4,500 today. Col. Mooney told
meeting attendees that personnel cuts in
the service are expected to total 54,000
people, with 9,000 of those from communications specialties. However, he
also pointed out that there are opportunities available in new technologies such
as knowledge-based management.
Dayton-Wright
Spring Swing Fundraiser
The annual Spring Swing golf tournament, the chapter’s spring scholarship
fundraiser, was held in May at the Country Club of the North, located in Beavercreek, Ohio, near Wright-Patterson Air
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SIGNAL, JULY 2007
Force Base. With 184 golfers registered,
the chapter observed a substantial
increase from last year in the number of
participants and corporate sponsors. The
event was highlighted by a hole-in-one
shot by Brig. Gen. Dennis Samic, USAF
(Ret.). According to the chapter’s corporate sponsorship chairman, Steve Barno,
more than 53 sponsors provided sponsorships at the gold, silver, bronze and individual levels. Additionally, the tournament included a raffle of two prizes, a
limited-edition Tiger Woods print and a
Nintendo Wii with a Tiger Woods golf
game. The raffle generated more than
$1,000 in ticket sales, and the event generated $5,000 for the scholarship fund.
Greater Omaha
Defense Support of Civil
Authorities
In April Col. Barry Fowler, USA,
defense coordinating officer for the U.S.
Department of Homeland Security
Region VII (Midwest), spoke to the
chapter on interagency communications
and his role with defense support of civil
authorities. He said the U.S. Defense
Department supports civil authorities in
events such as fires, snowstorms, tornadoes, earthquakes, chemical incidents,
pandemic flu and foot-and-mouth disease. The Defense Department is engaged
whenever civil resources and capabilities
have been overwhelmed; Hurricane Katrina was the impetus for the Defense
Department’s increased involvement
with civil authorities, the colonel
explained. He also discussed the life
cycle of a disaster—what transpires during the pre- and post-incident phases.
Canaveral—2nd Lt. John Heins, USAF (l),
and 1st Lt. David Howard, USAF, listen to
the speaker at the April meeting.
Canaveral—Mike Arnett (l), chapter
president, presents an AFCEA clock to Col.
Frederick Mooney, USAF, U.S. Air Force
Space Command, in honor of the colonel’s
presentation at the April meeting.
Canaveral—Heidi Hughes Kish, chapter
director, and Spatial Technologies
software engineer Joel Bennett attend
the presentation in April.
Hampton Roads
Maritime Headquarters
and Operations Centers
In May Capt. Lawrence Slade, USN,
director of communications and information systems for the U.S. Second Fleet,
gave a presentation on the U.S. Navy’s
initiative for Maritime Headquarters
(MHQ) with Maritime Operations Center
Dayton-Wright—The Greentree Group
team, consisting of (l-r) Travis Greenwood,
Sam Greenwood, Floyd Baldwin and Maj.
Gen. Ev Odgers, USAF (Ret.), was among
the record-breaking turnout at the May
Spring Swing tournament.
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Dayton-Wright—Committee members for the Spring Swing golf
tournament gather during the event in May, which generated
$5,000 for the chapter scholarship fund.
DaytonWright—
Brig. Gen.
Dennis Samic,
USAF (Ret.),
celebrates after
shooting a holein-one at the May
golf tournament.
F
(MOC), often referred to as MHQ with
MOC. He said the purpose of MHQ with
MOC is to fill identified operational-level
command and control capabilities gaps
such as the limited ability to command in
a dynamic environment, efficiently collaborate, provide consistent situational
understanding and rapidly identify vital
participants for planning and response to
crises. When ready, the initiative will
function at the operation level of command, between the strategic and tactical
levels. The captain observed that MHQ
with MOC must fulfill three roles: Navy
service component commander to the
joint force commander, maritime functional component commander and joint
task force commander. In addition, Capt.
Slade told meeting attendees that his
team is working on system design, experimentation, organizational competencies
and the development of curriculums and
capabilities-based assessments.
Hawaii
Strategic Transformation
in the Pacific
Greater Omaha—Col. Sheron Bellizan,
USAF, chapter president, presents Col. Barry
Fowler, USA, U.S. Department of Homeland
Security Region VII (Midwest), with a chapter
coin for his guest presentation in April.
Greater Omaha—Col. Fowler (l) greets
Ronald E. Setzer of Lockheed Martin in front
of the Mobile Command and Control van at
Offutt Air Force Base, Nebraska, in April.
Greater Omaha—In April Senior Airman
Marilyn M. Leonard, USAF, chapter lead Young
AFCEAN, presents a certificate to Staff Sgt.
David K. Olds, USAF, recipient of the chapter’s
Dawn Meyerriecks Book and Fee award of
$1,000. Sgt. Olds is enrolled at Bellevue
University, Bellevue, Nebraska, where he is
working toward a bachelor’s degree in
systems and network administration.
Hampton Roads—Capt. Lawrence Slade,
USN (l), U.S. Second Fleet, recognizes May
Civilian Information Professional of the Month
Mike Hundley of General Dynamics. Hundley
was recognized for his problem-solving skills,
dedication and customer relations abilities.
Hampton Roads—Petty Officer 2nd Class
Cha’quania Lewis, USN, receives the May
Military Information Professional of the
Month award from Capt. Slade. The petty
officer’s work performance merited her
selection as admiral’s aide.
Hampton Roads—In May Capt. Slade (l)
presents the AFCEAN of the Month
certificate to Alfred Broderick, president
of Cyrus Acquisition Technologies, for his
efforts to improve AFCEA membership
retention and recruitment.
During the chapter’s May meeting, Col.
Don Michael Bradford, USAF (Ret.),
president and chief executive officer of
Invest Pacific LLC, discussed strategic
transformation in Guam and Japan. In
addition, the chapter recognized the winners of the May Student of the Month,
AFCEAN of the Month, Executive of the
Month and Senior Government Leader of
the Month awards.
Hawaii—Guest speaker Col. Don Michael
Bradford, USAF (Ret.), Invest Pacific LLC,
discusses strategic transformation in Guam
and Japan at the May meeting.
Hawaii—Andy Chun (l) presents the May
Student of the Month award to Mark Aquiat, a
senior at Waipahu High School, who is joined
by his school counselor Stacey Suzuki.
SIGNAL, JULY 2007
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Huntsville
First Responder Preparedness
In April the chapter welcomed Kathy
Wood, communications director for the
Center for Domestic Preparedness (CDP),
which is located on the site of the former
Fort McClellan in Alabama. Wood’s briefing provided an overview of the training
opportunities and services offered to stateand local-level first responders. She said
that the CDP is the U.S. Department of
Homeland Security’s only federally chartered weapons of mass destruction
(WMD) training center. The CDP is
charged with training emergency responders, including law enforcement, firefighters, emergency medical personnel and
others, to cope with a terrorist attack
involving WMD or incidents involving
hazardous materials. During the meeting,
the slate of officers and directors for 20072008 was approved. Kenny Watts, outgoing chapter president, welcomed Maj.
Gen. John Urias, USA (Ret.), as incoming
chapter president. Thomas Gwaltney,
regional vice president, Midsouth Region,
presided over the election.
Jacksonville
Information Technology
in Medicine
In May the chapter welcomed Dr.
Christopher Klugewicz, a renowned cardiologist and electrophysiologist at the First
Coast Cardiovascular Institute, who spoke
on the importance of information technology in medicine. Klugewicz, a former
U.S. Navy flight surgeon, discussed
advances in technology to date and provided an outlook on the future. In addition, the chapter recognized Petty Officer
1st Class Wally Lora, USN, as Information Professional of the Month for his service as tri-base enterprise network operations supervisor at Naval Computer and
Telecommunications Station Jacksonville.
Huntsville—Local first responders and AFCEA members attended the April meeting, including (l-r) Chris
Reed, Huntsville-Madison County Emergency Management Agency; Greg Garner, Port of Huntsville; Henry
Reyes, Huntsville Police Department; Rusty Russell, Huntsville-Madison County Emergency Management
Agency; Rex Reynolds, Department of Public Safety; and Kenny Watts, past president of the chapter.
Huntsville—
Vic Budura,
chapter vice
president for
programs,
presents a
chapter
certificate of
appreciation
to April guest
speaker Kathy
Wood, Center
for Domestic
Preparedness.
Huntsville—
Thomas
Gwaltney,
regional vice
president for
the Midsouth
Region,
presides over
the chapter’s
2007-2008
officer
election
in April.
Jacksonville—In May Dr. Christopher
Klugewicz, First Coast Cardiovascular
Institute, addresses the chapter on the
importance of information technology in
medicine as well as advances in the field.
Northern Virginia
Education Funding
at the Forefront
In May the chapter welcomed to its
monthly luncheon guest speaker Charles
Riecher, senior assistant, Office of the
Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for
Acquisition. Also featured at the event
was the presentation of a $5,000 grant to
the Northern Virginia Community College
Foundation. Representing the foundation
were Executive Director John Ruffino and
Assistant Director Bonnie Idle. In addition, the annual Fairfax County Science
Fair winners were recognized with awards
donated by the chapter totaling $7,500.
The 2007-2008 slate of chapter officer
nominations was presented to the membership by Sue Hoffman, National Capital
Region regional vice president. AFCEA
International awards also were announced,
including the chapter’s third annual Harry
C. Ingles Award and the Model Chapter of
the Year award. The May SuperNOVA was
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SIGNAL, JULY 2007
Jacksonville—Capt. Bob Whitkop, USN
(Ret.) (r), chapter president, reads a letter
of commendation recognizing Petty Officer
1st Class Wally Lora, USN, as Information
Professional of the Month in May.
Jacksonville—Capt. Whitkop (r) presents
Klugewicz with chapter mementos in appreciation for his speech at the May meeting.
Northern Virginia—
Convening at the May
luncheon are (l-r) Bill
Stewart, chapter
treasurer; Sue Hoffman,
National Capital Region
regional vice president;
guest speaker Charles
Riecher, Office of the
Assistant Secretary
of the Air Force
for Acquisition; and
Terry DiVittorio,
chapter president.
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Joe Holbrook from Brocade Systems, and
the Young AFCEAN for May was Melyssa
Ferber from TAG Incorporated.
Virginia Tech Support
Northern Virginia—Norris Connelly (l), chapter vice president for special
activities, and Kevin Hoey (2nd from l), chapter vice president for programs,
recognize May SuperNOVA Joe Holbrook and May Young AFCEAN Melyssa Ferber.
Northern
Virginia—
In May
DiVittorio (r)
presents
a special
thanks to
guest
speaker
Riecher.
The chapter’s April meeting featured
guest speaker Vern Bettencourt, deputy
chief information officer/G-6 for the U.S.
Army. In addition, Kevin Hoey, chapter
vice president for programs, announced a
$20,000 donation to the Virginia Tech
Foundation in remembrance of the April
shooting tragedy. A number of other donations were presented, including a Prince
William County Science Teaching Tools
award for $20,000; a $20,000 check to
George Mason University for development of engineering and sciences recruitment; and the chapter’s annual check to
the AFCEA International Educational
Foundation for $25,000. The chapter also
announced two SuperNOVA awards for
April: Tom Ryan from CACI and Deborah
Malafsky from TECHi2. The Young
AFCEAN for April was Staff Sgt. Norm
Robinson, USAF.
Okinawa
Coalition Communications
Northern Virginia—Hoey (r) announces a $20,000 donation to the Virginia Tech Foundation
at the April luncheon, which drew a number of guests and participants, including (l-r) John
Skudlarek, U.S. Defense Department; Michael Sullivan, president of the George Mason
University Subchapter; and featured speaker Vern Bettencourt, U.S. Army deputy chief
information officer/G-6.
Northern Virginia—In April Hoey (l) introduces Norma Corrales (2nd from l), AFCEA
International Educational Foundation; Deborah Malafsky and Tom Ryan (2nd from r), April
SuperNOVAs; and Staff Sgt. Norm Robinson, USAF, April Young AFCEAN.
Capt. Sandra Buckles, USN, U.S.
Forces Japan’s director of command, control, communications and computer systems (C4), joined the chapter for its April
luncheon. The captain discussed various
aspects of C4, and she elaborated on the
importance of being able to communicate
with coalition partners and contractors
that support the military.
Okinawa—Capt. Sandra Buckles, USN, U.S.
Forces Japan, discusses military
communications at the April meeting.
Northern Virginia—Bettencourt
addresses the audience from the
lectern at the April meeting as
Hoey and Corrales listen.
Okinawa—Lt. Col. Maria Drew, USA (r), chapter
president, presents Capt. Buckles with a gift in
appreciation for her presentation in April.
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Oklahoma City
Sharing the AFCEA Experience
Col. Bradley Ashley, USAF, chapter
president and an AFCEA member since
1985, spoke at the March chapter luncheon. Col. Ashley, who is vice director,
Oklahoma City Air Logistics Center,
discussed what AFCEA has meant to
him in his U.S. Air Force career. He has
been a member of more than a dozen
chapters, has served in multiple roles at
the chapter and international levels, and
was selected twice as a Distinguished
Young AFCEAN. Col. Ashley emphasized that most of his current contacts in
military and industry come from
AFCEA, not from his primary duties,
and he strongly encouraged the younger
airmen and sailors in the audience to use
opportunities with AFCEA for career
enhancement. Col. Ashley also introduced the chapter’s goals and plans for
the upcoming year.
Oklahoma City—Chapter President Col.
Bradley Ashley, USAF, relates his AFCEA
experiences and discusses goals for the
chapter for 2007 during the March luncheon.
Oklahoma City—Col. Ashley (l) receives a
gift from Lou Bianco, chapter treasurer, for
his March presentation.
Portugal
New Additions for the
Board of Directors
In April the chapter named two new
members to the board of directors and
honor committee for the chapter’s
upcoming symposium. Pledging continuing support for the chapter, the additional members are Gen. Luís Valença
Pinto, POA, chief of defense, and Gen.
José Luís Pinto Ramalho, POA, incoming chief of the Army Staff. The chapter
officers also met with Lt. Gen. Carlos
Manuel Mourato Nunes, GNR, general
commander of the Portuguese Republican National Guard, who confirmed the
guard’s participation in the symposium,
including a presentation in the session
on intelligence in operational theaters.
Oklahoma City—Gathering after the March luncheon are (l-r) Josie Umoh; Bill Hinman; 1st
Lt. Clayton Baker, USAF; Kevin Mayhew; and Mark Grant.
Rhode Island
Cadet Awards in
Higher Education
In May the chapter presented awards
to two Rhode Island ROTC cadets. The
award for the Patriot Battalion was presented at Providence College, where
Cadet Sean Mckenna was selected to
receive the AFCEA Honor Award for
2007. The Cramer’s Sabers Battalion
Award was presented to Cadet Ryan
Andersen, University of Rhode Island,
who is in his third year of study in
mechanical engineering.
Portugal—Chapter officers introduce a new member to the board of directors in April. From the
left are Eduardo Branco, chapter financial director; Rear Adm. Carlos Rodolfo, PON (Ret.), chapter
president; incoming board member Gen. José Luís Pinto Ramalho, POA, chief of the Army Staff;
Paulo Amaral, chapter vice president; and José Paiva, chapter administrative director.
San Francisco
Recognition of Leadership
During the April meeting, Dan Washington, chapter president, was honored
with an AFCEA 25-year Leadership
Recognition Award for his longstanding
support as a chapter officer. Bob Landgraf, regional vice president for the
Northern California Region, presented
the award to Washington. He also recog-
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SIGNAL, JULY 2007
Portugal—The chapter board of directors welcomes board member Gen. Luís Valença
Pinto, POA (c), chief of defense, in April. From the left are Branco, Adm. Rodolfo, Gen.
Valença Pinto, Amaral and Paiva.
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Put your
best seat
forward
Portugal—In April the chapter officers gather to celebrate the participation of the
Portuguese Republican National Guard (GNR) in the chapter’s upcoming symposium.
Representing the GNR is Lt. Gen. Carlos Manuel Mourato Nunes, GNR (c), joined by chapter
officers Paiva (l), Adm. Rodolfo (2nd from l), Amaral (2nd from r) and Branco.
Rhode Island—In May
Cadet Ryan Andersen (l),
a mechanical
engineering student at
the University of Rhode
Island, is recognized as
the recipient of the
Cramer’s Sabers
Battalion Award. Joining
him is Lt. Col. Paul H.
Yager, USA, military
science professor.
2007 Communications Symposium
and Product Improvement
Working Group (PIWG)
Sponsored by Middle Georgia Chapter of AFCEA
The newly renovated
auditorium complex
in AFCEA
International's
headquarters is
available for rent.
Conveniently located in
the Fair Lakes area of
Fairfax, Virginia,
and only minutes from
I-66 and the Beltway,
AFCEA's auditorium is
the perfect location for
your next function.
For more information or
to make an appointment
to view the facility,
please contact
Nancy Temple at
(703) 631-6111.
August 7-9, 2007
Georgia National Fairgrounds, Perry, GA
Registration April 16 - July 16, 2007
The Middle Georgia AFCEA Chapter will be sponsoring a Communications Symposium
and Product Improvement Working Group (PIWG) for the 569th Combat Sustainment
Squadron (569 CBSS), Warner Robins Air Logistics Center, Warner Robins, GA, in
August 2007. The 569 CBSS comprises three flights with similar yet distinctive missions.
The three flights are Ground Communications, Airborne Communications and Data
Links/E-3 Radios. A brief synopsis of each flight can be found on our Chapter Web site.
Also on our Web site you will find the most current schedule of events.
A block of rooms is reserved at two hotels close to the conference facilities. Be sure
you mention that you are registering for the AFCEA Conference and the current DoD
approved lodging rate for a standard room.
Best Western, Bradbury Inn & Suites - Phone (478) 218-5200 • Fax (478) 218-5210
Days Inn - Phone (800) 616-1002 • Fax (478) 987-2724
www.afcea-middlegeorgia.org
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The Southern Arizona Chapter of AFCEA
Presents our 25th Annual Command, Control, Communications,
Computer and Intelligence Systems Technology (C4IST) Exhibition
www.afceac4ist.com
"Empowering the Warfighter through Information Systems Convergence"
October 2-4, 2007
Barnes Field House — Fort Huachuca, Arizona
For the past 25 years, the Southern Arizona Chapter has showcased the latest products and systems
from worldwide and local leaders in the C4IST Industry. Our Exhibition provides a unique opportunity
for an open and ethical forum where government and industry can come together to demonstrate and
discuss the latest C4IST technologies, products and services.
Our exhibition brings in attendees from Military and Civilian decision makers along with the staff
personnel of the:
•
•
•
•
•
•
US Army Intelligence Center
US Army NETCOM/9th Signal Command
Joint Interoperability Test Command
US Army Electronic Proving Grounds
TRADOC Systems Managers
US Army Information Systems
Engineering Command
• US Army Communications Security
Logistics Activity
• 111th Military Intelligence
Brigade (Tng)
• 11th Signal Brigade
• Air Force and Marine Detachments
• Battle Command Battle Lab
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nized Washington’s wife, Lois, noting
that without her, Washington could not
have achieved the same level of dedication to the association.
South Florida
Young AFCEANs at Work
April marked the first chapter luncheon
of the year, which featured Lt. Gen. John
A. Dubia, USA (Ret.), executive vice
president, AFCEA International, as the
guest speaker. Gen. Dubia discussed the
association’s role in bringing together military, government and industry, adding
that this partnership is more vital now than
ever. Jaysri Castro provided an update on
the chapter’s new Young AFCEAN efforts
to involve more young professionals in
AFCEA activities. She highlighted examples of these efforts, including a February
Our annual exhibition is fast approaching and exhibit spaces are limited. We ask that you act quickly
to reserve your space now and take advantage of the early bird pricing (July 31, 2007). For a current
listing of our 2007 exhibitors, please see our website: www.AFCEAC4IST.com. We look forward to
seeing you there!
For exhibit/sponsorship/attendance or general information, please contact:
Shari Brabham, US EXPO & convention services
Phone: (520) 382-6799 - Fax: (520) 573-3400 - Email: [email protected]
________
For technical information, please contact:
Larry Bingaman, Conference Chairman
Email: [email protected]
_____________
Proceeds from the event support professional development opportunities and provide scholarships and grants for local students and schools
San Francisco—Dan Washington (c),
chapter president, receives an AFCEA
25-year Leadership Recognition Award in
April from Bob Landgraf, regional vice
president for the Northern California Region.
Joining them is Washington’s wife, Lois,
who also received thanks for her support.
____________________________
_____________
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SIGNAL, JULY 2007
South Florida—Col. Herb Newman, USA
(r), chapter president, presents AFCEA
International Executive Vice President Lt.
Gen. John A. Dubia, USA (Ret.), with a
chapter gift after his presentation in April.
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mentor speech for young professionals
and a mid-April event with the Tampa-St.
Petersburg Chapter Young AFCEANs
focused on a voice over secure Internet
protocol seminar.
The ARMED FORCES
COMMUNICATIONS &
ELECTRONICS ASSOCIATION
ROME CHAPTER
Washington
Spring Event Brings
Together the Community
The chapter’s annual Spring Leadership
Dinner, formerly known as the Spring
Gala, was held in April at the Mandarin
Oriental Hotel in Washington, D.C. The
event provided an intimate evening of
business networking and social interchange among the region’s information
technology executives from government
and industry. The dinner also included a
keynote presentation by Michael W.
Wynne, secretary of the U.S. Air Force.
F
An AFCEA International Symposium on
AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGIES and
APPLICATIONS for DUAL USE
ROME, Italy • Hotel Parco dei Principi
September 12-14, 2007
The events of recent years have shown how the threat related to
both intentional and natural disasters could bring the civil and the
military worlds closer in the conception and deployment of countermeasures, as well as in the identification of effective strategies for
enhancing global safety and security.
Symposium & Exhibition Information
Tel 39 06.49863610 • Fax 39 06.49863660
[email protected]
____________________ • www.afcearoma.it
Washington—Michael W. Wynne, secretary of
the U.S. Air Force, delivers the keynote address
during the Spring Leadership Dinner in April.
Ramstein Air Base
2007 Technology Expo
July 17, 1000-1600
July 18, 1000-1400
Washington—Wynne (l) greets Alan Balutis
(c), chapter president, and John G. Grimes,
assistant secretary of defense for networks
and information integration and U.S. Defense
Department chief information officer, at
April’s Spring Leadership Dinner.
Digital Horizons: The Leadership of Tomorrow
80+ Emerging Technology Exhibitors!
To register online or for more information
go to www.FederalEvents.com
For exhibit or attendance information
please contact NCSI at 301-596-8899 ext. 249
Hosted By:
EUR
Washington—Warren Suss, chapter treasurer,
and Paige Atkins, Defense Information Systems
Agency, converse at the Spring Leadership
Dinner networking reception held in April.
Produced By:
PE
KAISERSLAUTERN CHAPTER 158
Sponsored By:
HQ USAFE/A6
All Kaiserslautern military community, DOD, NATO
and base personnel are invited to attend this free event!
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Atlanta
Chapter
Convenes
Tactical C4
Conference
The Global War on Terrorism
was a major topic for discussion at the chapter’s Tactical
C4 Conference 2007 in April.
More than 700 attendees and
80 vendors participated in the
conference. Lt. Gen. Steven W.
Boutelle, USA, U.S. Army
chief information officer/G-6,
kicked off the event by offering
the audience a sense of the disconnect between U.S. military leaders and the mindset of
the enemy. He said that new technologies and the creativity
of the enemy are allowing terrorists and their supporters to
create a whole new battlefield. Gen. Boutelle emphasized,
however, that military leadership is responding by adapting
to this new way of thinking. More than 50 military leaders
were on hand at the conference and presented at several
sessions available to attendees. The chapter organized a
golf tournament along with the event, featuring approximately 130 golfers and 16 sponsors who helped raise more
than $10,000 for the Atlanta Chapter’s education fund.
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Czech Chapter Addresses
Network-Enabled Capability
In May the chapter partnered with the General Staff of the
Czech Army and the Military University of Brno to organize
an international defense fair in Brno. To accompany this fair,
the chapter sponsored the ninth year of the Information and
Telecommunication Technology international conference.
The topic of this year’s conference was network-enabled
capability (NEC). More than 150 attendees from six countries took part in the event. Among the featured speakers
were Lt. Gen. Vlastimil Picek, CZA, chief of the General
Staff of the Czech army; Brig. Gen. Jiri Baloun, CZA, chief
of the Signal Corps, Czech army; Cdre. Robert Howell, RN
(Ret.), AFCEA Europe general manager; and Petr Jirásek,
chapter president. There were 32 additional speakers as well.
The attendees discussed communication services, technologies and devices for NEC, communication and information
systems management, and security information technologies
that influence NEC. The conference was made possible by
sponsoring partners, including ATS-Telcom, IBM Czech
Republic, DNS, Hewlett-Packard, Microsoft, Rohde and
Schwarz–Praha and GiTy.
Lt. Gen. Steven W. Boutelle, USA (standing), U.S. Army chief
information officer/G-6, provides commentary on the war on
terrorism and the mindset of the enemy during the April Tactical
C4 Conference.
Conference
attendees,
including a
number of
military
personnel and
contractors,
listen to a
presentation
at the
symposium
in April.
Conference attendees gather for a panel session at the
Information and Telecommunication Technology international
conference in May.
The conference’s honorary board addresses the audience at the May
international defense and technology conference in Brno.
In April participants in the chapter-sponsored golf tournament
gather for the event, which raised more than $10,000 for the
scholarship fund.
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SIGNAL, JULY 2007
In May Cdre. Robert
Howell, RN (Ret.) (l),
AFCEA Europe
general manager,
opens the
conference while
fellow honorary
board member
Miroslav Filip of ATSTelcom looks on.
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AFCEA educational
foundation scholarships
Sgt Jeannette L. Winters, USMC Memorial Scholarship
The AFCEA Educational Foundation will award one $2,000 scholarship in memory of
Marine Sgt. Jeannette L. Winters. Applications are requested from U.S. Marine Corps
active-duty, reserve or honorably discharged veteran men and women who are currently
attending four-year colleges or universities in the United States. Applications will be
accepted from qualified sophomore, junior, and senior undergraduate students enrolled
either part-time or full-time in eligible degree programs.
Deadline: September 15, 2007
AFCEA Scholarship for Working Professionals
The AFCEA Scholarship for Working Professionals will provide one $1,500 award to
a part-time or full-time student pursuing an undergraduate or graduate degree while
also employed in a science or technology discipline directly related to the mission of
AFCEA. Applicants must be U.S. citizens. Undergraduates must be at least second-year
students attending an accredited college or university in the United States. Distance
learning programs are eligible.
Deadline: September 15, 2007
Fred H. Rainbow
Vice President & Executive Director
The AFCEA Educational Foundation
4400 Fair Lakes Court
Fairfax, VA 22033-3899
THE FOREIGN THREAT TO
AMERICAN BUSINESS
Every year billions of US dollars are lost
to foreign competitors who deliberately
target economic intelligence in US industries
and technologies.
On December 4, 2007, you can attend a one-day event
in Sunnyvale, CA, sponsored by AFCEA Intelligence in
conjunction with the San Francisco FBI Field Office
that will educate you about this insidious threat and
what you and your company can do to confront it.
Conference Chair:
Maureen Baginski
President
National Security Systems Sector
SPARTA, Inc.
Conference Details and online registration coming soon: intel.afcea.org
Want to be a conference sponsor?
Contact Tina Schaefer at [email protected]
____________________ or 703-631-6250.
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Buyers, Researchers, and
Technology Leaders—Here it is!
The Big Event in Biometrics
The Biometrics Consortium Conference is focused on Biometric Technologies for
Homeland Security, Identity Management, Border Crossing, Electronic Commerce,
and other applications.
Who Should Attend?
The conference is open to the general public. The topics are appropriate for a wide variety of
individuals—policy developers and decision makers, government and industry executives,
information technology users and developers, IT CEOs, CTOs and product managers, law
enforcement officials, system integrators, personal authentication and information security
specialists, educators and students, government, industry, and academia researchers
and everyone involved in utilizing biometric-based solutions for a wide range of personal
identification/authentication applications including homeland security and the prevention
of ID theft.
Two and a half days of presentations, seminars and panel discussions with the
participation of internationally recognized experts in biometric technologies, system and
application developers, IT business strategists, and government and commercial officers.
Join Over 1000 participants, including:
• 100 speakers
• 60 Federal, State and local agencies
• 25 Universities
• Biometric Industry, System Integrators and Users
Register today at
www.biometrics.org/bc2007
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AFCEA CORPORATE MEMBERS
SUSTAINING*
A.M. Fadida Consulting
ADC
Advanced Technology
Systems Inc.
Aerospace Corporation, The
Agilent Technologies
ARINC, Inc.
ARTEL, Inc.
AT&T Government Solutions
Avaya
BAE Systems
BBN Technologies
Bechtel Systems &
Infrastructure, Inc.
Black Box Network Services
Boeing Company, The
Booz Allen Hamilton
CACI, Inc.
Capgemini Government
Solutions LLC
Cisco Systems, Inc.
CommScope
Computer Associates Int’l,
Inc.
Computer Sciences
Corporation
Dell Inc.
Dynamics Research
Corporation
EDS
Engineering & Professional
Services, Inc.
Enterasys Networks
Ericsson Federal Inc.
Faircount
Foundry Networks
General Dynamics
General Dynamics Canada
Ltd.
Global Crossing
GTSI Corp.
Harris Corporation
Hewlett Packard Company
IBM Global Gov’t Industry
Intelsat General Corporation
ITT
Jacobs Technology
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Keane Federal Systems Inc.
KPMG LLP
L-3 Communications
Corporation
L-3 Communications Titan
Group
LGS
Lockheed Martin Corporation
Lockheed Martin Information
Technology
MANTECH International
Corp.
McDowell Research, Ltd.
Microsoft Corporation
Motorola-US Fed. Gov’t
Market Div.
MTC Technologies Inc.
Network Appliance Federal
Systems, Inc.
Network Equipment
Technologies
Network Security Systems
Plus, LLC
Nokia Siemens Networks US
LLC
Nortel Government Solutions
Inc.
Northrop Grumman
Oracle Corporation
Pentagon Federal Credit
Union
Perot Systems
QinetiQ North America
Qwest Government Services,
Inc.
RADVISION
Raytheon Company
Robbins-Gioia, Inc.
Rockwell Collins
SAIC
SAP America, Inc.
Serco, Inc.
SGI, Inc.
SI International
Sprint Government Systems
Div.
SRA International Inc.
STG, Inc.
Tandberg
Telos Corporation
Teradata Gov’t Systems, a div.
of NCR Gov’t Systems
Thales Communications, Inc.
Tobyhanna Army Depot
USAA
Verizon Business
Verizon Federal Markets
Verizon Wireless
WorldCell
GROUP*
1105 Government Information
Group
21st Century Systems, Inc.
3001, Inc.
3Com
3M Italia S.p.A.
901D/SHOCKTECH
A&J Manufacturing Company
A.C.S.I. Srl
Abacus Technology Corporation
ABG Ster-Projekt S.A.
AC Technology, Inc.
Academia Da Forca AEREA
Academia Militar
Accenture
Accenture P&PS-Defense
Accenture S.p.A.
Access Electronics
Management, Inc.
Access Intelligence, LLC
Access Systems, Inc.
Accu-Tech Corporation
ACE*COMM Corporation
ACI Solutions
Acolyst
Acquisition Solutions, Inc.
ACS
ACT IT-Consulting & Services
AG
ACT Sofia
Action Systems A Division of
V&A Incorporated
Acuity Solutions, LLC
Adams Comm. & Eng. Tech., Inc.
ADCI, Inc.
Addx Corporation
ADFINGO Ltd.
ADGA Group Consultants Inc.
Adobe Systems, Inc.
Advanced Concepts Inc.
Advanced Digital Logic, Inc.
Advanced Management
Technology Inc.
Advanced Programs, Inc.
Advanced Systems
Development Inc.
Advantage Consulting, Inc.
Advantage Technical Consulting
Advantech
Adventos LLC
AEP Networks Government
Solutions Group
Aeromaritime Systembau GmbH
Aeronix
Aerosystems International Inc.
AF-Infrastruktur
AB/Communicator
AFL Telecommunications
Agile Communications, Inc.
Agilent Technologies, Inc.
AI METRIX
Air Tight Networks
AIT Global, Inc.
Akamai Technologies
Akermann Electronic Praha,
spol.s.r.o
Akimeka, LLC
Alaska Fiber Star, LLC
Alaska Structures
Alcatel Slovakia a.s.
Alcatel Telecom Nederland b.v.
Alcatel-ISD
Alcatel-Lucent
ALENIA Aeronautica SpA
Alenia Spazio SPA
Alion Science and Technology
ALL2IT Infocomunicacoes SA
Allied Technology Group, Inc.
Allied Telesis
Allied Telesyn
ALT Enterprises
Alutiiq
Ambit Group LLC
American Appraisal Associates
American Computer Services
American Engineering
Corporation
American International Radio,
Inc.
American Management
Association
American Systems Corporation
American Technology Corp.
Americom Government
Services, Inc.
Ameripack, Inc.
AMOS-Spacecom Ltd.
Amphenol Fiber Systems
International, Inc.
AMTI
ANACAPA Micro Products
AnaCom, Inc.
Analex Corporation
Analytical Graphics, Inc.
Analytical Systems Inc.
Anatech Electronics, Inc.
Anixter
Anoint Information Technologies
Anonymizer, Inc.
ANSER
Antenna Products Corp.
AnviCom, Inc.
AOptix Technologies
AOS, Inc.
Apogee Solutions, Inc.
Appistry, Inc.
Apple Computer Inc.
Applied Computing
Technologies, Inc.
Applied Integrated Tech, Inc.
Applied Optical Systems, Inc.
Applied Signal Technology, Inc.
Applied Solutions, Inc.
Applied Tactics Incorporated
Applied Technical Systems, Inc.
Appliedinfo Partners, Inc.
Apposite Technologies, Inc.
APPTIS
APRIVA
Aquilent Inc.
AR Worldwide-Modular RF
Innovative Security Systems dba
Argus Systems Grp.
Army Times Publishing
Company
Arrowhead Global Solutions, Inc.
Arrowpoint Corporation
Arxan Technologies, Inc.
ASEG Inc.
Aselsan A.S.
ASM Research, Inc.
Associated Industries
Astor & Sanders Corporation
Astro Systems
Asynchrony Solutions, Inc.
AT&T
AT&T Alascom
AT&T Global Network Services
Czech Republic s.r.o.
AtHoc, Inc.
Atlantic CommTech Corporation
ATM S.A.
ATS-TELCOM PRAHA, a.s.
Audavi Corporation
Audio Video Systems
Audio Visual Co., The
Audio Visual Innovations
Augmentix Corporation
Augusta State University
AuraGen Technologies, Inc.
Autodesk, Inc.
Automated Business Power, Inc.
Avalon Technology, Inc.
Aviation Week
AVIEL Systems, Inc.
Avocent Corporation
Avtec Systems, Inc.
AxxessConnect LLC
B.M.A. S.r.l.
BAE Systems
BAE Systems, Integrated Sys
Tech
Ball Aerospace & Tech Corp.
Bantu, Inc.
Barling Bay LLC
Base-X Inc.
Battelle Memorial Institute
Bay State, Inc.
BDO IT a.s.
BEA Systems Italia s.p.a.
BEA Systems, Inc.
BearingPoint
BearingPoint GmbH
BeCrypt Limited
Bedriftssystemer A/S
Belarc, Inc.
BESET, a.s.
BGS Systemplanung AG
BIANOR Ltd.
Bilgi Teknoloji Tasarim Ltd-BTT
Binary Group, Inc.
bitSync Corporation
Bivio Networks, Inc.
Blackhawk Management Corp.
Blackwell Consulting Services of
Ohio, LLC
Blazepoint Limited
Blue Coat Systems, Inc.
Blue Ridge Networks, Inc.
Blue Tech
BMC Software Incorporated
BMV-Contactless Multiplexing
Boeing S&IS Washington
Operations
Bogart Associates, Inc. (BAI)
Boldon James
Borenstein Group, The
BOSE Corporation
Brede/Washington, Inc.
Bridges Consulting, Inc.
Broadvision, Inc.
Brown International Corp.
BT Americas Inc.
BT Federal Inc.
BT Global Services
BTAS, Inc.
Burdeshaw Associates Ltd.
Business Security AB
By Light Professional IT
Services, Inc.
C & S Antennas
C.G.C. SICRAL
C2 Portfolio, Inc.
C3I Systems Corporation
C4I S.A.
Cable & Wireless Plc
Cadmus Specialty Publications
Calhoun International
CALIAN
Camber Corporation
Camlite Corporation
CAMSS Shelters
Canoga Perkins Corporation
Capitol Supply
Carahsoft Technology Corp.
Carlo Gavazzi Computing
Solutions
Carwithen Associates Inc.
Case Tech, Inc.
Cases2Go
Caveo Network Solutions, Inc.
CD-Telematika a.s.
CDO Technologies
CDW-Government, Inc.
CE Science, Inc.
Celestar Corporation
CellExchange
Cellhire USA LLC
Centurum, Inc.
Cernium Corporation
CESG
Ceterus Networks
Cexec Incorporated
CFN Consultants
CGI-AMS
CH2M Hill Communications
Charles Industries, Ltd.
Chatsworth Products, Inc.
Chelton Inc.
Chenega Technology Services
Corporation
CherryRoad Government
Technologies (CRGT)
CIBER Federal
Ciena Corporation
CipherTrust, Inc.
CIPRICO, Inc.
Ciracom, Inc.
Circadence Corp.
CISCO Systems
Cisco Systems Canada Co.
CISCO Systems Italy S.r.l.
CISCO Systems Portugal Lda
CISCO SYSTEMS Slovakia,
s.r.o.
Citrix Government Systems
Clear-Com Intercom Systems
ClearCube Technology
Cleared Solutions, Inc.
ClearedJobs.Net
_______
Clearshark
Clearswift Limited
ClearVision Networks, Inc.
Climatronics Corp.
Cloakware
Cloudshield Technologies
CMS Products
CN Resources International (CZ)
a.s.
CNI Construction, LLC
*As of May 21, 2007
SIGNAL, JULY 2007
99
A
BEMaGS
F
Coact Incorporated
Codan US, Inc.
Codarra Advanced Systems Pty
Ltd
Codin S.p.A.
COELIND S.R.L.
Cognos Corporation
Cognos Limited
Colegio Militar
Collabraspace
Comando C4 Difesa
Comando Generale Dell’Arma
Dei Carabinieri
Comando Squadra Aerea
Combitech AB
Comm-Works
Commercial Data Systems Inc.
Communication Technologies
Inc.
Communications Products &
Services, Inc.
Communications Supply Corp.
Compass Information Systems,
Inc.
Compass Systems Consulting,
Inc.
Compel Electronics SPA
Competitive Innovations, LLC
CompTIA
Compubahn, Inc.
Compucat Europe Ltd
Compunetix, Inc.
Computer Education San Diego,
Inc.
Computer Sciences Canada,
Inc.
COMROD AS
Comtech EF Data Corporation
Comtech Mobile Datacom
ConceptSolutions, LLC
Concurrent Technologies Corp.
CONET Solutions GmbH
Conference ConCepts, Inc.
Configuresoft
Conquest Innovations
Consorzio S3LOG
Constellation Networks
Corporation
Contact Corporation
Contact One Communications,
Inc.
Convera Corporation
Copper River Information
Technology
CORASWORKS
Corinex Group, A.S.
Cornell Technical Services
Cornerstone Consulting Inc.
Cornet Technology Inc.
Corning Cable Systems
Cornwell Management
Consultants plc
Council for Logistics Research
Cox Business Services, LLC
CP Cases Ltd.
CPS Professional Services, LLC
Cracom Engineering Tech Inc.
Crane Co./Azonix Corporation
Cranite Systems
Credant Technologies
CritiCom-Critical
Communications
Crossroads Systems, Inc.
Crucial Security, Inc.
Cryptek Incorporated
Crypto Ltd.
Crystal Group, Inc.
CSC Deutschland Solutions
GmbH
CTGI
CTI Resource Management
Services, Inc.
CTI Telecom Inc.
Cubic Defense Applications, Inc.
Curtis+Cartwright Consulting
Ltd.
CYRUS Acquisition
Technologies, LLC
D.C. Connections Inc.
DAGI - Marinha
Dahl-Morrow International
Dal Media Solutions, Inc.
Dasnet Corporation
Data Computer Corp. of America
Data Networks Corporation
Datakey Electronics, Inc.
Dataline, Inc.
Datamat SpA
DataPath Inc.
Datatek Applications, Inc.
Dauntless, Inc.
David Clark Company Inc.
David E. Sherrill & Associates
Dawn VME Products
DAX Technologies International
DCIS (RAF)
DCO Distribution
Decision Display
Dedicated Technologies
Delex Systems, Incorporated
DELINFO, Ltd.
Det Norske Veritas AS
DeVine Consulting
DGAED/MDN
DHS Systems LLC
Digi International Inc.
DigiFlight, Inc.
Digital Force Technologies
100
SIGNAL, JULY 2007
Digital Management, Inc.
digital OutPost
Digital Prospectors Corp.
Digitalglobe, Inc.
Digitaltide Solutions Inc.
Digitellink Corporation
Direccao De Electrotecnia-PO
AF
Direccao Geral da Autoridade
Maritima
Direct Technology Resource, Inc.
Directorate General Information
Directorate of Capability
Integration (Army)
DITEC, a.s.
Divine Imaging Commodities
DMT System SpA
dNovus RDI
Dovel Technologies
Dow Jones & Company
DPA Corporation
Dream Catchers, Inc.
DRS Codem Systems, Inc.
DRS Tactical Systems Inc.
DRS Tactical Systems Ltd.
DRS Technical Services, Inc.
DRS Universal Power Systems
DRT Strategies, Inc.
DSA
Dynamix Corporation
EADS Astrium Ltd.
EADS DCS
EADS Defence & Security
Systems
EADS DS
EADS NA Defense Security &
Systems Solutions, Inc.
Eagan McAllister Associates
ECS Composites
EDAK, Inc.
EDO Corporation
EDS Canada
EDS Defence Limited
EDS s.r.o.
EF Johnson
EG&G Technical Services
Eiden Systems Corporation
Eidsvoll Electronics A.S.
Electron Progress AD
Electronic Engineering Systems,
Inc.
Electronic Sys Technology Inc.
Electronic Warfare Assoc. Inc.
Electrosonic Systems, Inc.
Electrosystems Engineers, Inc.
dba ESEI
Elettronica S.p.A.
Elite IT Services, Inc.
Elytra Enterprises, Inc.
eMagin Corporation
Embarq
EMC Corporation
Emcon Emanation Control Ltd.
Emerging Markets
Communications
Emerging Technologies Group,
USA, The
EMGFA/D.I.C.S.I.
Empordef Tech de Informacao
SA
Emtelle US Inc.
emw, incorporated
EN-NET Services
ENEL SFERA Srl
Energotel, a.s.
Energy Technologies Inc.
Engage Communications, Inc.
enGenius Consulting Group, Inc.
Engineering Bureau Dembinski
Engineering Management &
Integration
Engineering Services Network,
Inc.
Engineering Solutions &
Products, Inc. (ESP)
Engineering Systems Solutions,
Inc.
Engineering-Ingegneria Info.
SpA
Ennovex Solutions, Inc.
Ensco Inc.
Entegriti, Inc.
Enterprise Engineering, Inc.
Enterprise Excellence Mgmt. Gp
Int’l, Inc.
Enterprise Information Services
Entrust Technologies, Inc.
Epok, Inc.
Epsilon Systems Solutions, Inc.
Ericsson Federal Inc.
Ericsson Microwave Systems AB
Ericsson Telecomunicazioni
S.p.A.
Eris Tech Inc.
Escola de Tecnologias Navais
Escola Naval
ESG Elektroniksystem-und
Logistrik-GmbH
ESI International
ESRI Italia S.p.A.
ESRI Portugal-Sistemas e
Informacao Geografica Lda
ESRI-Geoinformatik GmbH
Estari, Inc.
ESYS PLC
ETI Engineering Inc.
EUS Associates Ltd.
Eutelsat, Inc.
Evertz
EWA-Canada Ltd.
Exceptional Software Strategies,
Inc.
Executive Information Systems,
LLC
Executive Publishing
Expert Consultants, Inc. (ECI)
Expert System S.P.A.
Extreme Networks
Eyak Technology, LLC
Ezenia!
F.S.C. Bezpecnostni Poradenstvi,
a.s.
Fairfax County Econ. Dev. Auth.
FEAC Institute
Federal Network Services Inc.
Federal Technology Solutions,
Inc. (FTSI)
FedSources (Federal Sources
Inc.)
FEI-Zyfer, Inc.
Femme Comp Inc.
fermion, LLC
FGI Executive Search
FGM Inc.
Fiber Connections, Inc.
Fiber Sensys
FiberPlus, Inc.
Fifth Third Bank, Western Ohio
FileNet Italy Srl
Filenet, an IBM Company
First Source, Inc.
FishEye Software
Fluke Networks
Foia Group Inc.
Fondazione FORMIT
Force 10 Networks
Force 3, Inc.
Forsythe Federal Solutions
Corporation
Fortress Technologies, Inc.
Forum Communications
International
Four Square Productions
Four Star Associates
FreeLinc
Freeport Technologies
Frontier Technology, Inc.
FSIS, Inc.
fSONA Systems
Fujitsu Consulting
Fujitsu Limited
Fujitsu Network Communications
Fujitsu Services
Fulcrum IT Services Co.
Future Communications
Future Skies, Inc.
Future Technologies, LLC
G&B Solutions, Inc.
Galileo Avionica SpA
Gallium Visual System, Inc.
Gartner, Inc.
Gate Elektronik
GC&E Systems Group
GCS, Inc.
GCS, Inc.
Gemini Industries Incorporated
GeminiTech
Gemstar Manufacturing
General Atomics Aeronautical
Systems, Inc.
General Digital Corporation
General Dynamics C4S
SATCOM Technologies
General Dynamics Information
Technology (GDIT)
General Services Admin. FTS
Generic Systems Sweden AB
GeNUA mbH
GeoEye
George Mason University
Georgia Tech. Research Institute
Gestalt
GET Engineering Corp.
Getac Inc.
GigaTrust
Gilardoni SpA
GITY Holding a.s.
Giunti Labs S.r.l.
Glimmerglass
Globafone
Global Knowledge
Global Professional Solutions,
Inc. (GPS, Inc.)
Global Satellite USA
Global Telecom & Technology
Americas, Inc.
GlobalSat
Globecomm Systems, Inc.
GNS, Inc.
Government Insights
Government
Telecommunications, Inc.
Govplace
Gratex International
Graybar Electric Company, Inc.
Great Lakes Case & Cabinet Co.
Greater Omaha Chamber of
Commerce
Ground Control Systems
GTB, a.s.
Guerra Kiviat, Inc.
Guidance Software, Inc.
Guidance Software, Inc.
Guide-Map.com Inc.
Hajar Associates Inc.
Hal Communications Corp.
Hanson Professional Services
Inc.
Hardigg Industries, Inc.
Haverstick Government
Solutions, Inc.
Hawaii Technology Development
Venture
Hawaiian Telcom
HCH Enterprises, LLC
Healthcare Mgt & Professional
Svcs
Hellas SAT S.A.
Hellenic Navy Research Center
(GETEN)
Henkels & McCoy, Inc.
Hetra Secure Solutions
Hewlett Packard Italiana SrL
Hewlett-Packard Bulgaria
Hewlett-Packard GmbH
Hewlett-Packard S.R.O.
Hewlett-Packard Slovakia, s.r.o.
HG Consulting
Hi-Q Engineering, Inc.
High Performance Technologies,
Inc.
Hitachi, Ltd.
HMS Collingwood
Holden Dynamics Pty Ltd.
Holocom Networks
Honeywell Technology Solutions
Inc.
Horizon Networking
Houston Associates, Inc., A
Raytheon Company
HQ SO in C(A)
Hughes Network Systems
Hummingbird SpA
Hungarian MoD Technology
Agency
Hyperion, Inc.
HyperLabs LLC
Hypres, Inc.
I&C International Consulting
S.r.l.
i. Know NV.
I.M. Systems Group, Inc.
I.T.S. Corporation
i2S, Inc.
Ian, Evan & Alexander Corp.
IBISKA Telecom
IBM Bulgaria Ltd.
IBM Canada, Limited
IBM Italia S.p.A.
IBM Svenska AB
IBM UK Ltd., Defence & Security
iCard Forensics, Inc.
ICG Government
ICN-Integrated Communication
Networks, Inc.
ICP-Autoridade Nacional de
Communicaoes
Idaho National Laboratory
Idera
IDG Europe AB
iDirect Technologies
IDS Scheer AG
ids Scheer Slovakia, s.r.o.
ifour, LLC
IGD Security Ltd.
iGov
ILC
IMC Networks
immixGroup, Inc.
Impact Cases Inc.
Imtech Corporation
Inception Consulting
INDRA-SISTEMAS PORTUGAL,
SA
Indus Corporation
Indus Technology, Inc.
Industrial Computing, Inc.
Industrial Medium
INETI
Infinity Systems Engineering
InfoReliance Corp.
Informatica Corporation
Information Builders, Inc.
Information Innovators, Inc.
Information Systems Lab, Inc.
Information Systems
Professionals, Inc.
Information Technology Group,
Inc.
InfoStructures, Inc.
Infra-Structures, Inc.
Ingenium Corporation
Inmarsat, Inc.
Innolog Inc.
Innovative Engineering
Solutions, Inc.
Innovative Information Solutions,
Inc.
Innovative Technologies Corp.
Inovamais
INS Federal, Inc.
InScope Solutions
Insiel S.p.A.
Insight Public Sector
inSORS Integrated
Communications, Inc.
Institute of Air Transport
Instituto de Estudos Superiores
Instituto Geografico Do Exercito
Instituto Hidrografico
Int’l Sys Sec Eng Assoc (ISSEA)
INTECON, LLC
Integrated Information Solutions,
Inc.
A
BEMaGS
F
Integrated Systems, Inc.
Integrity Networks
INTEGRITYOne Partners
Intel
INTELI
IntelligenceCareers, Inc.
Intelligent Decisions
IntelPlacements Corporation
Interface Incorporated
Intergraph Italia L.L.C
Intergraph Solutions Group
International Communications
Group
International Trade Canada
Internet Security Systems
Interstate Connecting
Components, Inc.
InterSystems Corporation
Intervise Consultant, Inc.
Invertix Corporation
Inxight Federal Systems
IonIdea, Inc.
IPL Information Processing Ltd
Iridium Satellite LLC
ISD Data AB
IT Cadre
IT Experts
IT/NET Consultants, Inc.
ITAC
ITAC
Italian MOD - Segredifesa
itelligence, s.r.o.
Itelligence, s.r.o.
ITG/SP, Inc.
ITP ELETTRONICA SRL
Itronix Corp.
Ixia
J. Spargo Associates
J.L. Okay Consulting
J.O.T. Enterprises, LLC
J2TS LLC
J6 Division PJHQ
Janus Associates
Janus Research Group
Janya Inc.
Japan Telecom Co., Ltd.
JAV Inc., dba Jensen Audio
Visual
JB Management, Inc.
JC Technology Federal, Inc.,
DBA Ace Computers
JDSU Communications Test
Jefferies Quarterdeck
Jelco, Inc.
JEM Engineering
JSAT Corporation
JT3, LLC
JTSI, Inc.
Juniper Networks
Juniper Networks, Inc.
Jupiter Systems
KalScott Engineering Inc.
Kanguru Solutions
Kapsch Telecom s r.o
Karta Technologies, Inc.
KDDI Corporation
Kearney & Company
KENROB IT Solutions, Inc.
Kenton Trace Technologies, LLC
Kerrigan Media Int’l, Inc.
Kestrel Enterprises, Inc.
Keta Group, LLC
KeyLogic Systems, Inc.
Keynote Connections Inc.
Kimball Consulting, Inc.
Kinsey Technical Services
Kitco Fiber Optics
KMSYS Worldwide, Inc.
Knight Sky Consulting &
Associates, LLC
Knot Technology Solutions
Knowledge Advantage Inc.
Knowledge Connections, Inc.
Knowledge Consulting Group
Kockums AB
Kongsberg Defence &
Aerospace
Kontron America, Inc.
KPMG Ceska Republika, s.r.o
KPN Telecom B.V.
KSJ & Associates
KT Consulting, Inc.
Kusters Engineering BV
L-3 ASA
L-3 Communication Systems
East
L-3 Communications Electronic
Systems
L-3 Communications
Government Services, Inc.
L.E.M.
Lambda Americas High Power
Lancom Systems GmbH
Landmark Enterprises
Laser Options, Inc.
LBA Group, Inc.
Leader Communications, Inc.
Leadership Consulting, LLC
Leading Edge Design & Systems
LedR
Lee Technologies Group
Level 3 Communications
Levinsson Consulting S.r.l.
Leviton Voice & Data
LexisNexis Special Services, Inc.
Liebert Corporation
LightRiver Technologies, Inc.
Lind Electronics, Inc.
A
BEMaGS
F
A
BEMaGS
Link Communications, Inc.
Link Consulting-Tecnologias de
Informacao Lda
LinQuest Corportion
Liquid Machines
List Inc.
Lockheed Martin Canada
Lockheed Martin Integrated
Sys/Solutions
Lockheed Martin UK Ltd.
Locus Microwave
Log.Sec Corporation
LogicaCMG
Logical Choice Technologies
Logicteer
LOGTEC Incorporated
Loral Skynet
Lorenz Research Associates,
Inc.
Lorimar Group, Inc.
LTI Datacomm
Lucent Technologies Portugal
LUSIS-Equipamentos e Servicos
Lda.
Lyncole XIT Grounding
LYNX spolocnost’s rucenim
M–K Technologies
M & M Technical Service, INC.
M.R. & D. Institute s.r.l.
M/A-COM
MacDonald Dettwiler & Assoc.
Mackay Communications Inc.
MacKenzie Comm Real Estate
Svc, LLC
Macrolink, Inc.
Maden Technologies
Madison Research Corporation
Mainline Information Systems
Management Support
Technology
Management Technology, Inc.
ManTech Security & Mission
Assurance
Maralina Corporation
MARCTEL S.I.T. S.R.L.
Marinha-Superintendencia Dos
Servicos
Maritime Telecommunications
Network
Marshall Communications Corp.
Marway Power Systems
Mary A. Rogers and Associates
MAX Federal Credit Union
Maxcell
Maxim Systems, Inc.
Maximus, Inc.
Maxtek Components
Corporation
MBDA Italia S.p.A.
McAfee, Inc.
MCC Corporation
McCallie Associates, Inc.
McDonald Bradley, Inc.
McDowell Consulting
MCL Inc.
McLane Advanced Technologies
McNamee & McNamee, PLL
McNulty and Associates, Inc.
MCR Federal LLC
MCS of Tampa, Inc.
MELE Associates, Inc.
Merlin International, Inc.
MetaCarta, Inc.
Metrica, Inc.
METRODATA Ltd.
Metropole Products, Inc.
MicroLink, LLC
Micromuse
MICROSEGUR-SISTEMAS DE
SEGURANCA LDA
Microsoft
Microsoft Bulgaria Ltd.
Microsoft S.r.l.
Microsoft s.r.o.
MicroSys, LLC
Microvoice Corporation
Microwave Radio
Communications
Mid-Atlantic RF Systems, Inc.
Milcom Systems Corporation
Miltope Corporation
Minerva Engineering
Ministero Difesa-Armaereo
Ministero Difesa-DGAT
MITRE Corporation, The
Mitsubishi Digital Electronics
America, Inc.
Mitsubishi Electric Corp.
ML Consult Svc & Support
GmbH
Mobilisa, Inc.
MOD Italy-Defence General Staff
Moog Components Group
Moose Boats, Inc.
MorganFranklin Corporation
Mosaic, Inc.
MRV Communications, Inc.
MSM Informacni Systemy, s.r.o
Mu Security
Multi-Tech Systems, Inc.
Multiconsult Srl
Multimax, Inc.
Multimax, Inc.
Mutual Telecom Services, Inc.
Myers Engineering International,
Inc.
N2 Group, Inc.
NACON Consulting, LLC
NACRE A.S.
Nakuuruq Solutions LLC
Nallatech, Inc.
Nasittuq Corporation
NAT Seattle
National Conference Center, The
National Conference Services,
Inc. (NCSI)
National Small Business
Council, Inc.
Native American Industrial
Distributors
NCI Information Systems Inc.
NCI, Info. Sys. Inc., Intelligence
Programs Group
NCIM Groep
NCS Technologies, Inc.
ND Sat Com, Inc.
ND SatCom Defence GmbH
NetARCH LLC
NetCentrics Corporation
NETCONN Solutions
Netcordia, Inc.
netiQ, Solutions from
Attachmate
Netmanage Software GmbH
Netscout Systems
NetStar Systems, Inc.
Network Appliance
Network Innovations
Network Integrity Systems, Inc.
Network Specialty Group, Inc.
Networld Exchange
Neuro Logic Systems, Inc.
Neustar, Inc.
New Age Systems, Inc.
New Cingular Wireless Nat’l
Accts LLC, dba Cingular
New Horizons Computer
Learning Ctr
Learning Center
Learning Centers of Hawaii
New Horizons of Jacksonville
New Horizons Telecom, Inc.
NEW-BOLD Enterprises, Inc.
NewVectors, LLC
NexInnovations
Next Tier Concepts, Inc.
NextiraOne Slovakia, s.r.o
Nitro Security
NMR Consulting
Nolan Mar International, Inc.
Northrop Grumman
Northrop Grumman Mission
Systems Europe Ltd.
Norwegian Defence
Communications & Information
Services Agency
Norwegian Defence
Logistics/Main Systems Land
Norwood Bulgaria Ltd.
Nova Corporation
Nova Electric Division of Tech
Dynamics Inc.
Nova Engineering, Inc.
NOVA Power Solutions Inc.
NOVA Southeastern University
Novak & Associates
Novell Inc.
NOWATRON Elektronik Spol.
s.r.o
NSGDatacom, Inc.
NSR Solutions, Inc.
NTMI
NTT Data Corporation
NuCrypt, LLC
Number Six Software
O’Keeffe & Company
Oasis Systems Incorporated
ObjectFX Corporation
Objective Interface Systems, Inc.
ObjectVideo
OBR Centrum Techniki Morskiej
OCIO - Australia
Octagon Systems
Oerlikon Contraves S.p.A.
Office of Electronic
Miniaturization
Olive Group North America
Omega
Omega Shielding Products Inc.
On Target Enterprises, Inc.
Onix Networking Corporation
OnPoint
Open Networks Gov’t & Defence
Operation
Homefront/CinCHouse
Operational Research
Consultants, Inc.
OPNET Technologies, Inc.
Optical Cable Corporation
Optimal Satcom, Inc.
Oracle Corporation Canada Inc.
Oracle Corporation UK Limited
Oracle Italia S.r.l.
OrderOne Networks
ORGA-TRADE a.s.
Orion Management, LLC
Orion Systems, Inc.
OSCAR srl
OSPL Nederland BV
OTE S.p.A.
OTO MELARA S.p.A.
Ounce Labs, Inc.
Overlook Sys Technologies Inc.
Overwatch Systems
Owl Computing Technologies,
Inc.
PA Consulting Group
Pacific Center for Advanced
Technology Training
Pacific Star Communications
Pacific Wireless
Communications, LLC
Packaging Strategies, Inc.
Packeteer, Inc.
PaL-Tech, Inc./Gradient
eLearning
Panasonic Computer Solutions
Company
Panduit Corporation
Pangia Technologies, LLC
Pantheon Technology, LLC
Paradigm Services Ltd.
Paradigm Solutions Corporation
Paragon Technology Group, Inc.
Parvus Corporation
Paul-Tittle Associates, Inc.
PDQ Precision Inc.
PearlNet, LLC
Peerless Technologies
Corporation
Pelatron, Inc.
Pelican Products, Inc.
Perkins Technical Services, Inc.
Permuta Technologies
Perpetual Innovations LLC
Persystent Technologies
PESystems Incorporated
Pharad, LLC
Phirelight E-Business Solutions
Inc.
Phoenix International
Ping Identity Corporation
Pinto Basto Electrotecnia e
Maquinas Lda
Planar Systems Inc.
Planned Systems International
PlantCML
Plexus Com/Group
Plug-In Storage Systems, Inc.
PMC Technical Sales
PMOLINK, Inc.
Pole/Zero Corporation
Polycom
PosAM, spol s.r.o.
Post Newsweek Tech Media
Praeses, LLC
Pragmatics Inc.
Preferred Systems Solutions
Preformed Line Products
Company
Premier Technical Services
Premise Networks, Inc.
Presentey Eng. Products Ltd.
Prevailance, Inc.
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Primavera Systems
Prime Solutions
Princeton Softech, Inc.
Privaris, Inc.
PRO DV Software AG/Div
Government
Proactive Communications, Inc.
ProConSec, s.r.o.
Professional Computing
Resources, Inc.
Professional Solutions, LLC
Progressive Network Solutions
Progressive Technologies
Management Inc.
Project Developers, Inc.
Project Performance Corp.
Promark Technology
proServices Corporation
ProSync Technology Group, LLC
Proteus Technologies, LLC
Prototype Productions, Inc.
PSION Teklogix Corp.
PT Comunicacoes, S.A.
Pure Depth Multi Layer Display
PVT, a.s.
Q-par Angus Ltd.
QinetiQ
QP Semiconductor Corporation
QPC Fiber Optic, Inc.
QSS Group, Inc.
QUADRI-Sociedade de
Representacoes e Comercio
Ltda
Qualcomm, Inc.
Quality Technology Inc.
Quantitative Software
Management, Inc.
Quantrum, LLC
Quantum
Quest Software
Quintech Electronics and
Communications, Inc.
Quintron Systems Inc.
R W Walker Company, Inc., The
RadiantBlue Technologies, Inc.
Radmor S.A.
Radware, Inc.
Rajant Corporation
RAM Laboratories, Inc.
Raptive Technologies, Inc.
Raptor Networks Technology,
Inc.
Rave Computer
Raytheon International Inc.
Raytheon JPS Communications,
Inc.
Raytheon Systems Ltd.
Real-Time Innovations
Recovery Point Systems
Red Rapids
Red River
Red Team Consulting, LLC
REDCOM
Referentia Systems, Inc.
Retlif Testing Laboratories
RF Central LLC
RGB Spectrum
Rila Solutions EAD
Rising Edge Technologies, Inc.
RIVA Networks Inc.
RKS Solutions, Inc.
RNB Technologies, Inc.
Rocky Mountain Ram
Rohde & Schwarz
Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co
KG Communications Div.
Rohde & Schwarz Norge AS
Rohde & Schwarz Portugal, Lda
Rohde & Schwarz Praha s.r.o.
Romtehnica S.A.
ROS Incorporated
Rote Consulting AB
Royal Netherlands Navy
RS Information Systems Inc.
RSI Tech
RUAG C4ISTAR Services
Rugged Notebooks
RuggedCom, Inc.
RWD Technologies, Federal
Systems
S&K Technologies, Inc.
S&T Bulgaria Ltd.
S4 Inc.
Saab AB
SAAB International Deutschland
GmbH
Sabre Systems Inc.
Sabtech Industries
SafeNet, Inc.
Sage Communications
Sage Management
SAIC
Salem Automation, Inc.
Salone Consulting Group, Inc.
Samsung SDS
Sanz, Inc.
SAP CR, spol s.r.o.
SAP Italia S.p.A.
SAP Slovensko s.r.o.
Sapient
SAS
SAS Software Ltd.
Satcom Direct Communications,
Inc.
SatCom Distribution
Satellite Fusion Technologies
Savant Protection
SAVVIS Federal System
SBI Technologies Corporation
Scalable Network Technologies
Schnoor Industrieelektronik
GmbH + Co. KG
Science Applications
International Corporation
SDN Global, LLC
SE Solutions Inc.
Sea Tel, Inc.
Seacoast Electric Company, Inc.
Secode Norge AS
Sectra Communications AB
SECUNET s.r.o.
Secunet-Security Networks AG
Secure Systems Technologies
Ltd.
SecureInfo
Securify, Inc.
Security Alliance Stockholm AB
Security Engineered Machinery
Segue Technologies
Seimac Limited
Select Computing, Inc.
SELEX Communications GmbH
Selex Communications Limited
Selex Communications S.p.A.
Selex Sistemi Integrati S.p.A
Seltatel S.p.A.
SenarioTek, LLC
Sensis Corporation
Sensor Technologies, Inc.
Sente Group, The
Sepaton
SEPROTEC
Serena Software GmbH
Serena Software, Inc.
ServerVault Corporation
SERVICO DE INFORMACAO
ESTRATEGIAS DE DEFESA
Servodata a.s.
SES-New Skies Satellites, Inc.
SGSI (A Stratos Company)
Shakespeare Co., Electric
Products Group
Share Value Lda
Shavlik Technologies
Shim Enterprise, Inc.
Shunra Software
Siemens
Siemens AG
Siemens Informatica SPA
Siemens s.r.o
Sierra Lobo, Inc.
Sierra Nevada Corporation
SIGABA-Secure Data in Motion,
Inc.
SIGCOM
F
Signal Mountain Networks, Inc.
Silanis Technology
SiloSmashers
Siltec Sp. z o.o
Silynx Communications, Inc.
Simulyze, Inc.
SINFIC S.A.
SIPAL S.p.A.
SIRA srl
SIRTI Sistemi SpA
Sistematica S.p.A.
Sitel spl s r.o.
Six X Telecom Corp.
SJ Horn Associates
SkillSoft Corporation
Skysoft Portugal
SkyTel Government Sales
Smart Innovative Solutions
SMART Technologies, Inc.
Smartronix, Inc.
SMS Technologies, Inc.
SNR Systems, LLC
SNVC, L.C.
Soc. Com. Crocker Delaforce &
Co. Lda
Softchoice Government
Software AG, Inc.
Solers, Inc.
Solutions Technology, Inc.
Solutions Through Innovative
Technologies, Inc.
Sonic Software Srl (Progress
Software Corp.)
Source Diversified, Inc.
Southern California Braiding
Company, Inc.
Southland Technology, Inc.
Space Engineering SpA
Space Hellas S.A.
SPARTA
Sparton Electronics
Specialized Products Co.
Spectracom Corporation
Spectrum Comm, Inc.
Spectrum Instruments, Inc.
Spirent Federal Systems, Inc.
SPL Integrated Solutions
Spotfire, Inc.
SR Technologies Inc.
SRC Computers, Inc.
SRI International
Stancil Corporation
Stanley Associates, Inc.
Star Dynamic Corporation
Static Safe Products Company
Inc.
Stato Maggiore Esercito-Rep.
Log.
Stato Maggiore Marina Militare
StAY Technologies
Stellar Solutions, Inc.
Steria Limited
Stonewater Control Systems, Inc.
Structured Technology Solutions,
Inc.
Suggs Group, Inc. (SGI)
Sullivan International Group
Sumaria Systems, Inc.
Sun Microsystems Australia Pty
Ltd.
Sun Microsystems Czech s.r.o.
Sun Microsystems Federal Inc.
Sun Microsystems GmbH
Sun Microsystems Italia
Sun Microsystems Poland Sp. z
o.o.
Sun Microsystems Portugal
Sunair Electronics, Inc.
SunGard Availability Services
Sunset Learning Institute
Supacam
Superior Communications Inc.
Superior Essex Communications
LP
SurCom International B.V.
Suss Consulting, Inc.
SWE-DISH Satellite Systems
Swedish Defence Wargaming
Centre (SDWC)
Swedish Maritime Administration
Sybase, Inc.
Sycamore Networks
SYColeman, a division of L-3
Communications
Symantec Corporation
Symantec srl
Symetrics Industries Inc.
Symmetricom
Syndetics, Inc.
Syntonics LLC
Sypris Electronics
Syracuse Research Corporation
SYS Technologies
SYSTALEX Corporation
Systematic Software Eng. Ltd.
Systematic Software
Engineering, Inc.
Systematix IT Solutions
Systems Consultants Services
Ltd.
Systems in Motion AS
Systems Integration & Dev.
Systems Technologies Inc.
Systems Technology Forum,
Limited
Systems Value
SYZYGY Technologies Inc.
T-Metrics, Inc.
SIGNAL, JULY 2007
101
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T-Systems Business Services
GmbH
T-Systems Enterprise Services
GmbH
Tachyon, Inc.
Taco Communications, Inc.
Tactical Communications Group
Tactical Displays, Inc.
Tactical Support Equipment Inc.
TAG
Talla-Com/Talla-Tech Inc.
Talon Communications
Tampa Microwave
TANDBERG
Tapestry Networks
Target A.S.
TCoombs & Associates, LLC
Tech Now, Inc.
Tech. Electronic Systems
TechGuard Security, LLC
TECHi2
Technatomy Corporation
Technica Corporation
Technology Associates Int’l
Technology Center Inc.
Technology Forums
Technology Training & Services
Corporation
Technopole Defence and
Security
TechTeam Government
Solutions, Inc.
Tekelec
Teksouth Corporation, Inc.
TEKsystems, Inc.
Tektronix Inc.
Telcordia Technologies, Inc.
Tele-Consultants Inc.
Telecom Italia S.P.A
Telecom Italia Sparkle
Telecom Partners Network Corp.
Telecom Research Institute
Telecommunication Systems,
Inc. (TCS)
Teledife
Telefunken Racoms
Telegenix Inc.
TELEGRID Technologies Inc.
Telelink Plc
Telelogic
Telemont Slovensko A.S.
Telenor Satellite Services
Teleplan
Telesat Canada
Telespazio S.p.A.
TeliaSonera Network Sales AB
SNS
Teligy
Telkonet
Tellabs Inc.
Telstra Corporation
Telsy Elettronica Telecom
Teltech
TELUS
Tempo Real 3-Consultores de
Informatica Lda
Tenix Datagate (UK)
Tenix Datagate Inc.
Tenix Defence Pty Ltd.
TeraMach Technologies, Inc.
Terremark Worldwide, Inc.
TerreStar Networks
TESAM Argentina SA
Tesla Liptovsky Hradok a.s.
Tessco Technologies
Texas Memory Systems, Inc.
Thales Canada, Systems Division
Thales Defence Deutschland
GmbH
Thales e-Security Ltd.
Thales e-Security, Inc.
Thales International Polska Sp.
zo.o.
Thales Italia S.p.A.Communications Division
Thales Land & Joint Systems
Thales Nederland B.V.
Thales Norway AS
The Analysis Corporation
The Aspire Group
The Boeing Company S & IS
Mission Systems
The Coffing Corporation
The Light Brigade Inc.
The Marlin Alliance, Inc.
The MIL Corporation
The Newberry Group, Inc.
The One-Ness Group
The Podmilsak Group
The Siemon Company
The Whitestone Group
Themis Computer
THESI Technologie s.r.l.
Thomas & Herbert Consulting
Thrane & Thrane Inc.
Thursby Software Systems, Inc.
TIBCO
Tidewater Communications &
Electronics, Inc.
Timbercon, Inc.
TIME VM AB
Time Warner Telecom
Time Warner Telecom, Hawaii
Timmann GmbH & Co.
Tinex AS
Titus Labs, Inc.
TJHSST Partnership Fund, Inc.
TKC Technology Solutions, LLC
TKHC
Tonali S.p.A.
Toplevel Computing
Topvue.COM
_____
Total Site Solutions
Totaltel Telecom Techniq. Ltd.
ToteVision
Tower Software
TowerStrides Inc.
Tracker Radio Systems, Corp.
Trak Microwave Corporation
Trans-Tel Central
Transtector Systems
TranTech, Inc.
TrellisWare Technologies, Inc.
Trend Micro Italy
Trilogy USA Inc.
Trinity Technology Group
Triple Canopy, Inc.
Tripod Data Sys, a Trimble Corp.
Triune Software, Inc.
Trusant Technologies
Trusted Computer Solutions, Inc.
Trusted Systems, Inc.
Tubedale Communications
Tumbleweed Communications
Turn-key Technologies
TurningPoint Global Solutions
TWD & Associates Inc.
Twisted Pair Solutions, Inc.
Tyco Electronics Power Systems
UAV Communications, Inc.
Ultra Electronics - DNE
Technologies
Ultra Electronics Advanced
Tactical Systems
Ultra Electronics Command &
Control Systems Div.
Ultra Electronics Tactical
Communications Systems
Ultralife Batteries, Inc.
Unicon Group Ltd.
Unicor-Federal Prison Industries
Unimasters Logistics Group Ltd.
Uniplus Consultants, Inc.
Unisys Canada Inc.
Unisys s.r.o.
UNISYS Slovakia s.r.o.
Unisys U.S. Federal Government
Group
UNIT spol s.r.o.
Unitech
United States Antenna Products
LLC
Unitronex Poland Sp. z o.o.
Universal Understanding LLC
US Expo & Convention Services
US Tower Corporation
USfalcon, Inc.
USmax Corporation
UTI Systems S.A.
VA Associates, LLC
Valador
Valcom Consulting Group Inc.
Valcom Manufacturing Group,
Inc.
Van Dyke Technology Group,
Inc.
Vangent, Inc.
Vanu, Inc.
VBrick Systems, Inc.
Vector Planning & Services, Inc.
Vega Group PLC
Venture NetComm Inc.
Veritiss LLC
VeroTek
VFA, Inc.
VIACK Corporation
ViaSat Inc.
Viasec, s.r.o.
Viatech, Inc.
Victory Media, Inc.
Video Networks, Inc.
VIDITalk Corporation
VIMAC Consultancy B.V.
VION Corporation
Virginia’s Center for Innovative
Technology
Vision-Box
Visual Systems Group, Inc.
(VSGi)
VITROCISET
VMD Systems Integrators, Inc.
VMWare, Inc.
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Vocality International
Vontu
VOXTRONIC Tech Deutschland
GmbH
Wagner Resources, Inc.
Walker and Associates, Inc.
Wayne Integrated Technologies
WCI Cable, Inc.
Webster Data Communication,
Inc.
Webworld Technologies
Westek Electronics
WESTEL Ltd.
Western Scientific
WGY & Associates, LLC
Wheat Int’l Communications
Corp.
Whitney, Bradley & Brown, Inc.
Will-Burt Company
William Data Systems
Wilson Case, Inc.
Winbourne & Costas, Inc.
Windermere, an Essex
Company
Windmill International, Inc.
Windward Consulting Group
Winning Presentations
Winsted Corporation
Wireless Enterprises
Government Solutions
WM-Data Sverige AB
Wood Consulting Services, Inc.
World Wide Technology Inc.
Worldwide Information Network
Systems
WPI Interconnect Products
Wyle Laboratories
X-Feds, Inc.
XCalibur Software, Inc.
Xerox S.p.A.
Xicom Technology
Xiotech Corporation
XTAR, L.L.C.
Xwave Solutions
Zel Technologies, LLC
Zelinger Associates, Inc.
Zentra Computer Technologies
Zenyon, Inc.
Zero Manufacturing, Inc.
Zetron, Inc.
!
ANNUAL DEFENSE SPECTRUM SUMMIT 2007
December 10–14, 2007
Hyatt Regency Crystal City, VA
Co-sponsored by the Office of the Assistant
Secretary of Defense for Networks and Information
Integration and the Joint Staff Director for
Command, Control, Communications, and
Computer Systems (J-6)
Bringing together senior leadership and
other government, industry and international
stakeholders provides an opportunity to elevate
these critical spectrum access issues and to propose
solutions and develop, at a high level, an agreed
upon strategy and action plan for the coming year.
Program Details/Questions: Contact Terry Rogers at (703) 631-6238 or [email protected]
________________
On-line registration coming soon to www.afcea.org/events/spectrum
102
SIGNAL, JULY 2007
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INTERNATIONAL
CALENDAR
JULY
JUL 12 Tysons Corner, VA
Army IT Day.
E-mail: ____________
[email protected].
Web site: www.afceanova.org.
JUL 15-20
Guildford, United Kingdom
Residential Training Course on
Satellite Communications
Systems. Call Ela Banerjee,
44 0 1438 765699. E-mail:
[email protected].
____________
Web site: http://conferences.
theiet.org/satcoms.
JUL 16-18 Hyderabad, India
Conference on Information
Science Technology and
Management: “Leadership
Challenges in the Information
Age.” Call (202) 657-6088.
E-mail: [email protected].
____________
Web site: www.cistm.org.
JUL 19 Clifton, VA
AFCEA Diversity Golf
Tournament. Call Maureen
Cirrito, (703) 631-6174. E-mail:
[email protected].
___________ Web site:
www.afcea.org/events/golf.
JUL 23-27 Beijing, China
COMPSAC 2007: IEEE
International Computer Software
and Applications Conference.
Web site: www.compsac.org.
JUL 25-26 Arlington, VA
Missile Defense Agency Small
Business Innovation Research
Industry Day. Call Dani Rovenger,
(703) 247-2540.
___________
Web site: www.ndia.org.
JUL 28-31
Barcelona, Spain
SECRYPT 2007: International
Conference on Security and
Cryptography.
Call 351 265 520 185.
______________
Web site: www.secrypt.org.
JUL 31 Fort Monmouth, NJ
U.S. Army Cryptographic
Modernization Technology Day.
Call Bill Douse, (732) 427-6320.
E-mail: William.d.douse@
__________
us.army.mil.
_______ Web site:
https://cryptomod.kc.us.army.mil.
__________________
JUL 31-AUG 1
Canberra, Australia
Coastal Surveillance 2007.
Call 61 2 9223 2600. E-mail:
[email protected].
______________
Web site: www.iqpc.com.au.
AUGUST
AUG 7-9 Perry, GA
Middle Georgia Communications
Symposium and Product
Information Working Group.
E-mail: tim.birdsell@
________
mtctechnologies.com. Web site:
http://afcea-middlegeorgia.org.
AUG 8-10
Angamaly, Kerala, India
Advanced Networking,
Technologies and Security Issues.
Call 0484 2616267. E-mail:
[email protected].
_______________
Web site: www.fisat.ac.in.
AUG 15 Arlington, VA
Continuity of Operations and
Telework Training Conference.
Call Katie Smith, (703) 807-2758.
______________
Denotes AFCEA Event
Scheduling of AFCEA events
may change. Please see our
Web site for the latest
information: www.afcea.org.
Director of Advertising - Marsha Carpenter (703) 631-6181
Southeast-Midwest U.S. - (352) 563-5264
Northeast U.S. - (561) 744-5808
Greater Washington Area (VA, MD, DC) - (410) 893-8003
Western U.S. - (213) 896-9210
Canada - (877) 695-6129 • (514) 695-6129
Germany - 49-2254-844666 • Israel - 972-3-562-9565
Belgium, France, Luxembourg, Spain, Switzerland
and the UK - 33 5 34 40 01 37
Countries Not Listed - (703) 631-6181 • Fax: (703) 222-8762
F
Index of Advertisers
Advertiser
Page
Accenture Global Services
67
ADC
11
Advantech AMT Ltd.
Cover 2
Aero Tec Laboratories, Inc.
29
AMTI
59
AnaCom, Inc.
35
AR Worldwide – Modular RF
18
Aruba Networks
12
Automated Business Power
38
BiTMICRO Networks, Inc.
16
Criticom, Inc.
9
Echostar
60
EF Johnson
28
EIC Solutions Inc.
58
General Dynamics
C4S Information Systems
43
General Dynamics
C4S Information Systems
45
Hardigg Cases
39
Harris RF Systems Division Cover 4
HP North America
1
ITT Industries
26
L-3 Communications
Systems – East
17
L-3 Communications
Systems – East
71
Lind Electronics
23
Locus Microwave, Inc.
54
M/A-Com
5
Micro Care Corporation
52
Northrop Grumman
Cover 3
PacStar
7
Panasonic PCSC
14
Parvus Corporation
24
Pelican Products, Inc.
2
Penn State World Campus
Geospatial Certificate
25
Perkins Technical Services, Inc. 64
Qatar Airways
20
Quintron Systems, Inc.
31
secunet Security Networks AG 36
Siemens Communications, Inc. 32
Superior Essex, Inc.
19
TAG
68
Tenix America
42
TESSCO Technologies Inc.
47
49
51
53
Winsted Technical Interiors
44
Zero Manufacturing
41
Product Profiles Section
Web Site
accenture.com/knowing
www.adc.com/federal
www.advsatnet.com
www.atlinc.com
www.amti-tsg.com
www.anacominc.com
www.ar-worldwide.com
www.arubanetworks.com/defense
www.abp.com
www.bitmicro.com
www.criticom.com
www.echostarfixedsatellite.com
www.efjohnson.com
www.eicsolutionsinc.com
militarycases.com
www.hp.com/go/bladesamdfed6
itt.com/sincgars
L-3Com.com/STAR
L-3Com.com/SMEPED
www.lindelectronics.com
www.locusmicrowave.com
www.macom-wireless.com
www.microcare.com/fieldcleaning
www.northropgrumman.com
www.pacstar.com
www.parvus.com
www.pelican.com/sg
www.worldcampus.psu.edu/geoint1
pts-inc.com
www.qatarairways.com
www.quintron.com
www.secunet.com
usa.siemens.com/oneofakind
www.SPSX.com/MissionCritical
tag.com
www.tenixamerica.com
www.tessco.com/go/security
www.tessco.com/go/toolkits
www.tessco.com/go/interop
www.tessco.com
www.technicalinteriors.com/sgnl
www.zerocases.com
77-80
This index is printed as a complimentary service to our advertisers.
While care is taken to ensure the accuracy of the listings,
SIGNAL Magazine does not accept responsibility for omissions or errors.
SIGNAL, JULY 2007
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Incoming
By Cmdr. Gregory E. Glaros, USN (Ret.)
Total System Engineering May Save Defense Programs
I
t is not often that government leadership discusses the
importance of system engineering or complex system management, but major setbacks for the U.S. Coast Guard’s
$24 billion Deepwater program are casting a shadow over
the use of lead system integrators on other U.S. Defense
Department acquisitions. These setbacks also are highlighting
the lack of government system engineering knowledge.
Whether it is an acquisition professional trying to understand engineering principles or a senior executive responsible
for engineering decisions, the growing lack of skilled engineering competence within the Defense Department is striking.
Deepwater’s effects are rippling outward, affecting the certainty of future contracts and programs in which lead system integrators are being used, such as the Army’s Future Combat Systems (FCS) and the Homeland Security Department’s Secure
Border Initiative Network (SBInet).
Engineering systems and their informational subsystems
are increasing in size, scope and complexity as a result of
new technology developments, which are improving processing power and increasing operational demands. The
poor management of system complexity is compounded by
the decrease in the number of qualified engineers within the
government work force.
But the work force is not the most significant challenge.
Today’s engineering systems present difficult design problems
for program managers because many existing engineering system frameworks are outdated. In particular, tradeoffs between
integrative approaches to system design, combined with multiple highly networked sensors, and weapon systems cannot be
made without first understanding which subsystems are beneficial to—or in conflict with—system objectives. The coexistence of integrated systems with networked components and
subsystems requires new methods to design and manage largescale complex engineering systems.
Designing a simple platform that meets a specific operational need is difficult enough. But when the scope of operations or the complexity of the system design exceeds current
management and engineering skills, conflicts will emerge
between the performance capability of the total system and the
ability of individual components to satisfy operational
demands, regardless of how well those components perform.
Without question, articulating design requirements remains the
hardest contractual aspect of system design. However, when
the system also has to be adaptive, flexible or modular or when
the requirements shift and are modified, program challenges
continue to mount, and failure shortly follows.
Urgent-needs statements emanating from Iraq serve to translate functional requirements into a coherent acquisition
approach rapidly. But if these functional requirements cannot
be integrated or networked adequately into the force structure,
regardless of how fast the systems are fielded, then the techni-
104
SIGNAL, JULY 2007
cal solutions—no matter how clever they are—make these systems nearly worthless.
What methods exist to formally link these requirements with
resources and methodically solve these programmatic engineering system challenges? What engineering science tools
exist that directly link functional requirements with technical
solutions for operational purposes?
Total system engineering is an emerging field within leading
engineering communities that systematically distinguishes the
“what” of the design from the “how” of the technical implementation. The reason for this distinction is that it is easy to
jump to a set of technological solutions and state them in a
requirement document before really understanding the operational purpose for the design. In addition, as system complexity grows, the ability to understand how the finished system will
behave or perform declines.
Without the means to trace relationships reliably between
functional requirements or the means to show how interdependent components or subsystems affect each other in the total
engineering system, programs will fail—as the Defense Department continuously rediscovers. When an engineering system
can define clearly what the design should do in terms of operations, only then can the program manager and lead system integrator determine how and when technical options are selected.
Program risk is mitigated only when the relationships
between large numbers of opposing or complementary functional requirements and the negative or positive effects of several technical solutions are understood. While a single technical
choice may solve a particular objective, its impact on the entire
system may not be known until it is too late. Adding systems on
top of or within systems does little to relieve the growing challenges of fielding systems quickly, safely and affordably.
Most program offices are good at clarifying operational
needs. But linking those needs to functional requirements, each
with its own technology solution within a large, complex engineering system, continues to be problematic. Only when needs
are qualitatively translated into wants, and quantitative wants
are systematically designed into engineering systems reflective
of operational demands, will Defense Department programs
consistently succeed. Programs such as the FCS and SBINet
offer complex engineering system designs with significant
challenges, but a total system engineering approach will
encourage executives to
maximize value along the
entire system process. Unless
The SIGNAL Blog
the Defense Department is
We welcome your comments
able to demystify engineeron this column at www.
___
ing system complexity propafcea.org/signal/blog, or
erly, programs will continue
e-mail us at signalnews@
________
to make headlines instead of
afcea.org.
making it into the field.
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_________________
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The FALCON
N IIII AN/VRC-110:
The
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w face
e off SINCGARS.
Multi-Mission
» Long-Range Sincgars
» Tactical SATCOM
» close air support
Versatile
COnnect to the Future. FALCON® III.
We’ve taken the best features of
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them with outstanding technology
to accelerate your connection to
the future.
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The new face of SINCGARS.

Transcription

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