2 yıl önce Turkey`s Development Assistance Report 2012

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TURKISH DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE 2012 | 1
TURKISH COOPERATION AND COORDINATION AGENCY
REPORTING AND COORDINATION UNIT
DEPARTMENT OF STRATEGY DEVELOPMENT
FOREWORD
Human beings in our age face a
multitude of distresses at any given time.
Human capability to cope with serious
problems ranging from instabilities to
wars, from epidemics to natural disasters
is closely related to the development
levels of countries. It is beyond question
that people in a country embrace the
future with hope to the extent they are
healthy, happy and prosperous. However,
we cannot and must not overlook the
fact that inequality between countries
and the ever-widening gap of living
standards between human societies are
the most serious problem of our age.
We must dwell with full conscience on
the question how long this would be
allowed to sustain.
It is our major responsibility, as
mandated by our age-long history, to
accurately interpret the events we
have recently been witnessing in our
geography, and take necessary action.
In the face of uncertainties introduced
by the new awareness arising as ancient
paradigms collapse one after another, it
is our obligation to future generations
to be all prepared at all times and uphold
the global esteem for Turkey.
In an age when human pursuit of
freedom and justice has effectively
unfolded active reaction to the status
quo in North Africa and Middle East
to build a mass of energy that has
the potential to have a bearing on
future decades, our country has for 10
years been growing steadily, sharing
the national income more fairly, and
developing its economy that has
achieved global competitiveness and
making significant progress to become a
regional power.
In this context, Turkey has left behind
the old introverted, wait and see
approach. All the activities by our public
entities, achievements in and outside
the country are institutional outcomes
of such new approach to foreign policy.
Our country has become a leading
actor in the world in development
cooperation efforts, a main pillar of our
new approach.
Through efforts to ensure that human
beings fairly enjoy the resources offered
by the Earth, and further converge the
development levels of countries, Turkey
has augmented her assistance activity
both towards the goals adopted by the
global community and in the geographies
of common historical and cultural
relations with us. In addition, we have
built a Vision of Turkey that touches and
assists human lives regardless of their
distance to Turkey.
As Turkey has since 2002 been
ascendant by her economic development
and effective role in international arena,
other countries tend to expect more
from us. To respond positively to such
friendly interest, all Turkish public
entities, non-governmental organizations
and private sector strive to outreach
anyone anywhere in the world.
Turkey has, on the other hand,
effectively implemented an “open-door
policy” for Syrians who have left their
country since April 2011 after the onset
of civil unrest, with the total figure
of arrivals exceeding 150,000 in 2012.
Hosting in our country these oppressed
people is our humanitarian duty which
necessitates a continuous allocation of
our resources.
Turkey increased her official
development assistance by 100% to 2.5
billion USD in 2012 at a time when the
total budget allocated by OECD-DAC
countries receded to 125 billion USD by
a decrease of 4% on the previous year.
In the same period, Turkey extended her
helping hand to 121 countries ranging
from Somalia to Bangladesh, from
Myanmar to Kosovo.
Against this background, the Turkish
Cooperation and Coordination Agency
(TİKA) has continued to grow as the
major body with the leading role in
Turkish official development assistance.
Mandated with the coordination of
all public entities to smoothly and
consistently execute development
cooperation activities, TİKA implements
and monitors through its 35 Programme
Coordination Offices in 32 countries,
and dynamically responds to the needs
of local peoples.
I congratulate the staff members who
selflessly devote their time and energy
to the highly commendable efforts and
achievements of our public entities,
including TİKA, which diligently
work towards implementing Turkish
development assistance programmes
and projects, and appreciate the work
of TİKA staff in the Department of
Strategy Development who have
produced this report.
Bekir BOZDA⁄
DEPUTY PRIME MINISTER
INTRODUCTION
Every year marks a new stride forward
in Turkish cooperation efforts in
that Turkey continuously augments
economic, business, technical, social and
educational cooperation with developing
countries around the world and leads
in delivering projects and programmes.
Accordingly, Turkish public entities and
non-governmental organizations marked
a new milestone in 2012 in Turkish
development cooperation establishing a
new source of pride for our country in
the international arena.
Our mission transcends ages, cultures
and forms as Yunus Emre voiced plainly
centuries ago, highlighting Turkish
achievements in economy (i.e. for self)
and development assistance (i.e. for
others), and guiding our future work:
“Revived have we become springs,
Awakened have we risen rivers,
Surged onto seas now, hamd to Allah.”
Accordingly, our existing cooperation
with countries in the Balkans,
Caucasus and Central Asia was further
strengthened through Turkish assistance
efforts responding to immediate,
mundane needs of peoples as well as
chronic needs of those countries. Turkey
in this context undertook major projects
ranging from education to health, from
agriculture to transport infrastructure,
deriving significant experience in
terms of furthering the development
cooperation process on the basis of
reciprocity.
On the other hand, Turkey fulfilled all
her humanitarian obligations in 2012
particularly in the case of Syrians who
fled their destabilized land and were
hosted in various Turkish cities. In this
context, all Turkish public entities
including mainly AFAD and Turkish
NGOs continued selfless work aroundthe-clock as they did in the previous
years to alleviate human suffering during
their time in our country.
Turkey continued in 2012 to play
significant roles in crises of global
and regional scale. Particularly since
2011 when the hunger in Somalia was
declared a “humanitarian crisis” by the
United Nations, Turkey augmented her
efforts in Somalia and assisted Somalians
by all means and against all adverse
circumstances.
Heeding the demands of Arab peoples
for freedom, justice and democracy,
Turkey on one hand delivered aid to
peoples in need, and made best efforts
on the other to ensure expeditious
transition to peace and stability longed
for in the Arab geography.
Against this global panorama, Turkish
total development assistance amounted
to 3,324 million USD in 2012, with 2,533
million USD through public entities as
official development assistance, 735
million USD by the Turkish private
sector in direct investments, and 111.65
million USD by Turkish NGOs through
own resources.
Capable of delivering only 70 to 80
million USD in official development
assistance by 2003, Turkey has since
then consistently increased her aid
volume, culminating in a ratio of
assistance to gross national product
of 0.13% in 2012 contributing to
Millennium Goals, and 0.17% in 2011 and
0.32% in 2012.
Turkish assistance to Least Developed
Countries (LDCs) was estimated
at 279.81 million USD in 2011 and
increased by 21% to 337.27 million USD
in 2012, with Afghanistan, Somalia,
Sudan and Myanmar as the largest
recipients in this category.
Geographically, 46.6% of Turkish
assistance was delivered to the Middle
East, 31% to Africa, 18% to South and
Central Asia, and 3% to Balkans and East
Europe.
Ten largest recipients of Turkish aid in
2012 were in descending order Syria,
Egypt, Afghanistan, Kyrgyzstan, Somalia,
Sudan, Tunisia, Palestine, Kazakhstan and
Bosnia-Herzegovina.
The preliminary data for 2012 reported
to OECD-DAC indicated that Turkey
was the fourth largest donor of official
Humanitarian Aid.
Since development assistance covers a
wide range of sectors, the collection of
relevant data through a professionally
designed data collection mechanism and
the harmonization of all donors with
international statistical reporting ensure
that assistance operations be conducted
more effectively and efficiently.
I wish to express my gratitude to
those selfless working officials of our
institutions and organizations, public or
private, including TİKA which authored
highly successful, effective and efficient,
sustainable projects; as well as Mr.
Hasan Burak CERAN, Head of Strategy
Development Department, Ms. Füsun
GÜR and Ms. Nurçin YILDIZ and all
staff members who have since 2004
compiled accurate statistics on Turkish
development assistance to coordinate
and promote our country’s efforts.
Dr. Serdar ÇAM
T‹KA PRESIDENT
CREDITS
Füsun Gür
Nurçin Yıldız
Alper Eren
Harun Avcı
Nurdan Çakır
Şevki Mert Barış
REDACTEUR
Dr. Mehmet Kahraman
DATA
Füsun Gür
Nurçin Yıldız
Ayşe Dilsizoğlu
Basriye Onur
Bilge Sungur
Zeynep Ercan
TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
Murat Kaygusuz
COMMUNICATIONS
TİKA
DESIGN
Özhan Odacı
www.graffiti.com.tr
PRINTING
Biltur Basım Yayın ve Hizmet A.Ş.
PHOTOGRAPHIC CREDITS
Tika Press Unit
AA Archive
ENGLISH VERSION BY
Adnan Bıçakçı
1. TURKISH DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE 2012
8
1.A. Total Development Assistance in 2012
8
1.B. Turkish Development Assistance in Years
10
1.C. 2012 Official Development Assistance by Category
14
1.C.1. Programme Assistance, Technical Cooperation and Imputed Student Costs 18
1.C.2. Emergency and Humanitarian Aid
52
1.C.3. Peace-Building
62
1.C.4. Asylum Seekers
64
1.C.5. Administrative Costs
68
1.C.6. Contribution to International Organizations (Multilateral Assistance)
69
1.C.7. Other Official Flows
72
1.D. Private Flows
74
1.D.1. Direct Investment
74
1.D.2. Development Assistance by Non-governmental Organizations
76
2. TURKISH OFFICIAL DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE BY REGION AND COUNTRY
2.A. Breakdown by Region
92
92
2.B. Breakdown by Country 93
2.C. Assistance to Least Developed Countries
98
3. TURKISH OFFICIAL DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE 2012 BY AGENCY
102
4. OECD DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE 2012 BY DONOR COUNTRY
120
4.A. Overall Assessment
120
4.B. Donor Performance
121
ANNEXES
LIST OF CHARTS AND TABLES
128
132
1.
2.
3.
4.
TURKISH DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE 2012
TURKISH OFFICIAL DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE 2012 BY REGION AND COUNTRY
TURKISH OFFICIAL DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE 2012 BY AGENCY
OECD DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE 2012 BY DONOR COUNTRY
1. TURKISH DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE 2012
1.A. TOTAL DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE IN 2012
Turkey delivered a net total of 3,436.48
million USD in total development
assistance (TDA) in 2012. The
constituent parts of TDA include official
development assistance (ODA) to
developing countries by Turkish public
entities and other official flows (OOF)
aiming to foster economic development
and welfare in developing countries but
lacking the minimum grant element to
qualify as ODA. Turkey provided in 2012
a total of 2,533.3 million USD in ODA
and 56.53 million USD in OOF, with the
latter in the form of loan facilities.
Direct investment, referring to capital
export to developing countries,
qualifies as development assistance for
their potential to stimulate economic
development in recipient countries.
The Turkish private sector realized new
investments amounting to 735 million
USD in 2012.
Assistance operations by national nongovernmental organizations (NGOs)
constitute another component of total
development assistance. Turkish NGOs,
working actively both in development
cooperation and in Humanitarian Aid,
delivered a total of 111.65 million USD
through own resources.
Turkish total development assistance in 2012
exceeded 3 billion USD.
56.53
OOF
111.65
NGOA
DI
ODA
TOTAL
735.00
2,533.30
3,436.48
Chart-1 Turkish Total Development Assistance (2012, million USD)
1.
2.
3.
4.
1.B. TURKISH DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE IN YEARS
Chart-2 Turkish Development Assistance (2005-2012, million USD)
1,051.94
1,709.70
1,336.00
1,576.75
TOTAL
1,519.65
1,718.18
2,363.14
3,436.48
601.04
714.50
602.24
780.36
ODA
707.17
967.42
1,273.01
2,533.30
394.20
-77.53
-41.60
OOF
-2.55
-11.01
-25.23
11.72
56.53
994.47
730.33
726.62
DI
714.49
670.31
879.20
735.00
56.70
78.25
45.66
NGOA
72.32
109.00
105.68
199.52
111.65
As would be seen in Chart 2, Turkish
development assistance which totaled
1,051.94 million USD in 2005 went
up to 3,436.48 million USD marking a
3.3-fold increase in 8 years mainly due
to the significant increase in official
development assistance.
Taking account of changes in currency
exchange rates and inflation from 2011
to 2012, TDA increased by 43.55% on
the previous year (shown in Table 1).
Official flows on the other hand reached
98.96% of TDA setting new highs.
On the other hand, the loans made
available by Eximbank contributed
negatively to TDA by 2010, but did
positively in the last two years because
the facilitated loans exceeded the total
interest received.
Table-1 Turkish Development Assistance (years 2011, 2012 compared)
2012
(Million USD at
current prices)
2011
2012
(Million USD at (Million USD at
current prices)
2011 prices)
Change %
(On 2011
prices basis)
Total DA
3,436.48
2,363.14
3,392.35
43.55
1. Official Flows
2,589.30
1,284.73
2,556.05
98.96
1.1. Official DA
2,533.30
1,273.01
2,500.77
96.45
1.1.1. Bilateral ODA 2,422.50
1,226.21
2,391.39
95.02
110.80
46.80
109.38
-48.77
56.53
11.72
55.80
376.14
2. Private Flows
846.65
1,078.72
835.78
-22.52
2.1. Private Sector Flows
735.00
879.2
725.56
-17.47
2.2. NGO Flows
111.65
199.52
110.22
-44.76
1.1.2. Multilateral ODA
1.2. Other Official Flows
Other official assistance rose from 11.72
million USD in 2011 by an increase of
376% to 56.53 million USD in 2012.
Direct investment (DI) by the Turkish
private sector receded from 879.2
million USD in 2011 to 735 million USD
in 2012 by a decrease of 17.47%.
Assistance by Turkish non-governmental
organizations (NGOs) decreased by 44%
as well from 199.52 million USD in 2011
to 111.65 million USD in 2012.
On the other hand, Turkish public
entities provided 39.43 million USD of
funds to NGOs. The said funds on top
of NGOs’ own funds meant a total of
151.08 million USD of assistance fielded
by our NGOs.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Official Development Assistance
Delivery Modalities
Official development assistance, as
the most important component in
development assistance, is delivered to
relevant counterparts mainly through
one or more of the following channels:
directly by the public sector,
Countries that are members in the
OECD Development Assistance
Committee (OECD-DAC) have
identified such international
organizations as a list; thus,
contributions or membership dues to
international organizations not in the list
do not qualify as assistance because they
are not intended for development.
through national or international
NGOs,
Turkish Official Development
Assistance in 2012
within the framework of publicprivate partnership,
Turkey delivered 2,533.3 million USD
in ODA, with 2,033.3 million USD
being grants, and 500 million USD in
official loan assistance. As a further
classification, 2,422.5 million USD of
the Turkish ODA involved bilateral
assistance to countries whereas
110.8 million USD was multilateral
contribution to international
organizations. Taking 2011 as the basis
and considering changes in exchange
rates and inflation, Turkish official
development assistance increased by
96.45% in 2012 to exceed 2 billion USD
for the first time. Turkish ODA since
2002 is charted in Chart 3.
by contributions to international
organizations.
The first three of the modalities above
are classified as bilateral, while the last as
multilateral.
The multilateral component of
development assistance is operated
through international organizations
which implement programmes and
projects through the participation and
budgetary contribution of members
and/or directly conduct loan facilitation
operations. Donors’ contributions
and membership dues to international
organizations are taken into account in
this category.
Annex 2 presents the list of ODA
recipient countries as identified by
OECD-DAC members, and the amount
of Turkish assistance to each recipient
country.
Turkish official development assistance
increased by 96.45% in 2012 to exceed
2 billion USD for the first time.
1,273
2,533
Chart-3 Turkish Official Development Assistance
(2002–2012, million USD, at current prices)
1.
2.
3.
4.
1.C. 2012 OFFICIAL DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE BY CATEGORY
Regular annual statistical conferences
by OECD-DAC endeavor to ensure that
all countries compile data on the same
basis where representatives of donors
suggest various ways to better compile
and classify statistics. “Peace-building
assistance” for example, handled as a
distinct category in previous years, is
now classified under a new heading.
Similar changes may also be introduced
as in the case of a new category
“imputed student costs” created in 2011,
or the “Emergency and Humanitarian
Aid” being reclassified under the
Programme Assistance category. Overall,
efforts are made to improve the OECDDAC reporting system on the commonly
agreed ground.
In addition to novelties introduced by
OECD-DAC, Turkish assistance has
diversified in recent years with new
entries in budget items not previously
reported. Two new entries in 2012
are significant as they are the first of
their kind for Turkey: concessional
lending and direct support delivered to
developing countries’ budgets. Chart 4
depicts Turkish ODA by major category
and Table 4 by sub-category in 2012.
Chart-4 Turkish Official Development Assistance by major category
(2012, million USD)
110.8
2,422.5
BILATERAL ODA
MULTILATERAL ODA
OFFICIAL
DEVELOPMENT
ASSISTANCE
2,533.3
Million USD
Table-2 Turkish Official Development Assistance by Category (2012, million USD)
ASSISTANCE CATEGORY
Million USD
1. OFFICIAL DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE2,533.30
1.1. BILATERAL OFFICIAL DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE2,422.50
DIRECT BUDGET SUPPORT60.00
SUPPORT TO NGOS, PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS
AND RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS
4.75
PROJECT BASED INITIATIVES
-Emergency and Humanitarian Aid
-Concessional Lending
-Programme Assistance1,870.71
TECHNICAL COOPERATION186.62
IMPUTED STUDENT COSTS
97.94
ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS
90.44
PUBLICITY AND PROMOTION FOR DA
1.24
ASYLUM SEEKERS
110.80
1.2. MULTILATERAL OFFICIAL DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE
110.80
1.
2.
3.
4.
Table 3 compares 2011 to 2012 for
Turkish official development assistance
by category taking into account the
changes in exchange rates and inflation
on the previous year, i.e. adjusted.
Table-3 TURKISH OFFICIAL DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE
(YEARS 2011, 2012 COMPARED)
TÜRKİYE’NİN RESMİ KALKINMA
ASSISTANCE CATEGORY
(2011, 2012 YILLARI)
2012
2011
2012
Change
(Million USD, at
current prices)
(Million USD, at
current prices)
(Million USD, at
2011 prices)
(on 2011 prices
basis)
1.1. Official Development Assistance 2,533.30
1,273.01
2,500.77
96.45
1.1.1. Bilateral ODA
2,422.50
1,226.21
2,391.39
95.02
517.30
598.83
510.66
31.43
97.94
73.56
96.68
31.43
1.1.1.3. Asylum Seekers
110.80
213.50
109.38
-48.77
1.1.1.4. Emergency Aid 1,040.03
267.27
1,026.67
284.13
1.1.1.5. Support to National NGOs
4.75
1.38
4.69
239.78
1.1.1.6. Publicity and Promotion
1.24
0.38
1.22
222.13
90.44
70.73
89.28
26.22
110.08
46.8
108.67
132.19
1.1.1.1. Prog. Assist. & Tec. Coop.
1.1.1.2. Imputed Student Costs
1.1.1.7. Administrative Costs
1.1.2. Multilateral ODA
The only negative change, or decrease,
in categories occurred in Asylum Seekers
by 48.77% not because the assistance
to asylum seekers declined in 2012, but
because the assistance to asylum seekers
classified as such in 2011 was reclassified
under Emergency Aid in 2012, hence
contributing to the 3-fold increase in the
latter category.
OECD-DAC reports the aid to an
asylum seeker in a developing country
for the first year as official development
assistance. However, tens of thousands
of injured Syrian guests who entered the
Turkish territory could not be classified as
asylum seekers in the conventional sense.
Turkish assistance in Emergency Aid,
Support to National NGOs, Publicity
and Promotion categories increased by
more than 200% in 2012.
A major reason for the increase in
Turkish 2012 ODA was the rising
figure of Syrian guests who arrived in
Turkey and were hosted in 8 Turkish
provinces. Another major reason was the
Turkish lending and budget support to
developing countries.
Turkish assistance in Emergency Aid, Support
to National NGOs, Publicity and Promotion
categories increased more than 200% in 2012.
Concessional Lending
Assistance qualifies as official
development assistance if all of the
following three requirements are
fulfilled:
Provided by public sector
Intended to promote economic
development and welfare,
Concessional in character, involving
at least a grant element of 25%.
Lending on concessional terms is
defined as “concessional loan/debt”.
In other words, the recipient receives
financing on terms more favorable than
the market, in the form of either lower
interest rates or longer maturity longer
or both.
Turkey lent Egypt in 2012 her first
concessional loan that qualified as
official development assistance under
a Protocol signed in September 2012
between the Turkish Undersecretariat
of Treasury and the Egyptian Ministry
of Finance, as two countries of longstanding historical, cultural and friendly
ties.
The said Protocol provided for a loan of
up to 1 billion USD to Egypt to stimulate
economic growth and development
of Egypt through financing public
infrastructure projects.
The concession rate of the loan was
28.95% which would meet the “minimum
grant element of 25%” as prescribed
by OECD-DAC. The first tranche of
500 million USD of the loan was made
available in late 2012, whereas the
second tranche is to be released in 2013.
1.C.1. Programme Assistance, Technical Cooperation and Imputed
Student Costs
Technical cooperation refers
to strengthening the capacities
and effectiveness of individuals,
organizations and institutions through
transfer of ideas, technologies,
knowledge and skills to foster
development in partner countries. In
addition to transfer of knowledge
and skills, it does intend to create an
enabling environment to disseminate
knowledge and skills so transferred. In
essence, it means helping the recipients
improve their functioning through selfhelp. Technical cooperation relies on
short, medium and long term provision
of expertise, training, advice, research
and equipment; and involves “hard”
cooperation, i.e. engineering/supervision
and technical feasibility studies as well
as “soft” cooperation, i.e. training and
management advice.
The following is a non-exhaustive list of
technical cooperation activities:
Scholarships in secondary and higher
education to students from developing
countries
Training courses designed to build
institutional capacities, vocational skills,
Equipment, materials and supplies in
training courses
Assignment/secondment of trainers,
instructors
Printed materials for capacity
development
Events of intellectual activity such as
seminars, symposia,
Contests, e.g. essay writing, Mathematics
Olympics
Other similar activities designed to
enhance capacity.
513.18
6.97
DEV. OF
PROD. SECT.
MULTI SECTOR
ACTIONS
20.10
DEV. OF CO
INFRAS
DEV. OF SOC.
INFRAS
634.19
1,174.44
Chart-5 Bilateral Assistance by Sector (2012, million USD)
TECHNIC COOP.
+PPA+STUD.+TC
1.
2.
3.
4.
Programme Assistance has two basic
components, namely, investment projects
which involve all activities designed to
enhance physical capital of the recipient
country and associated technical
cooperation, and programming aid which
covers support to budget and balance
of payments, funding for fixtures and
commodities and sectoral assistance.
The following represent typical activities
under Programme Assistance:
Improve physical infrastructure for
education through building or repairing
schools, supplying desks, computers and
other school materials
Operate universities, hospitals
Supply of residential potable water
through construction of water wells,
water treatment plants
Provide funding support to the
agricultural development budget of the
recipient country.
Programme Assistance, Technical
Cooperation and Imputed Student Costs
may be supported by sectoral breakdown.
Turkish assistance in 2012 under these
categories and sectors is non-exhaustively
described in the following sections.
1.
2.
3.
4.
SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE AND SERVICES SECTOR
EDUCATION
Turkey engages in many activities to
introduce innovation in educational
systems of developing countries and
help them attain world standards.
Major objectives in this field include
educational system reforms, modernizing
educational institutions and materials
in line with technological advances,
enhancing teachers’ professional
knowledge and skills, and improving
learning and teaching processes through
reforming school administration. In
addition, access for all to primary
education represents the cornerstones
of educational policies and strategies
implemented.
Turkey continued in 2012, as she did
in previous years, to implement such
quality projects as would respond
to local needs and gaps, e.g. building
modern schools and renovating older
ones, setting up language laboratories,
awarding scholarships and building
student dormitories.
The following is a non-exhaustive list of
exemplary education projects engaged
in 2012:
Afghanistan
Wardak province, Chakh district:
Construction of Shahid Karim High
School building and annexes with 16
classrooms and capacity for 1,000
students
Wardak province, Behsud-2
district, Kotli village: Construction of
Mollah Yakoub School building with
16 classrooms and capacity for 960
students
Wardak province, Narh district:
Construction of Dr. Abdulwakil School
building and annexes with 16 classrooms
and capacity for 1,000 students
Wardak province, Dahani district:
Construction of Garm Ab High School
and capacity for 720 students
Jowzjan province, Misrabad district:
Construction and furnishing of a school
building with 16 classrooms
Faryab province, Shirin Tagab district,
Koh-i-Saiyad town: Construction of a
service building for educational institute
with 16 classrooms
Kabul province: Construction of a
Continuing Education Complex serving
80 teachers with 4 workshop rooms,
48 bedrooms of 96 beds, 180-seat
conference hall and 200-person mess hall
and cafeteria
Jowzjan province, Sheberghan district,
Cherimgerhane village: Construction of
a girls school service building with 42
classrooms
Sar-e Pol province: Construction
of a school service building with 16
classrooms
Wardak province, Jalrez district:
Construction of Wali Asr School
for 600 students.
Kazakhstan
Almaty: Construction of a student
dormitory building for Foreign
Languages and Occupations University
Kyrgyzstan
Osh city, Aq-Tileq quarters:
Construction of a fully equipped public
school with capacity for 850 students
Mongolia
Bayan Ulgi city: Equipment support to
5 schools
Nalayh district: Construction of
Konya Cultural Center and a girls
dormitory
Bosnia-Herzegovina
Kiseljak municipality, Zabrde village:
Construction of additional classrooms
for the primary school, a suspension
bridge and supply of classroom
equipment.
Kakanj city: Comprehensive
renovation of Reshad Kadic Primary
School serving entire region for 386
students, which included upgrading
the heating system, door and window
frames, and replacing the roofing
materials that contained carcinogens.
Aq-Tileq Public School - Kyrgyzstan
Sarajevo: Creation of a project to
modernize 100 of 327 schools and
providing equipment.
Renovation and equipping of 5
October Primary School of 870 students,
and establishing a multimedia classroom.
Una-Sana Canton, Bihac city:
Establishment of a microbiology
laboratory for Paramedics College
of Bihac University, and an analysis
laboratory for timber products for
Technical Faculty.
Reshad Kadic Primary School - Bosnia-Herzegovina
1.
2.
3.
4.
Macedonia
Gostivar municipality, Upper Banitsa
village: Construction and equipping of
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk Primary with
capacity for 260 students,
Award of scholarships to 447
students, with 119 primary, 116 high
school, and 212 university, through
cooperation with the Macedonian Union
of Turkish Civil Society Organizations,
Banitsa Mustafa Kemal Atatürk Primary School – Macedonia
Studenican municipality, Tsvetova
village: Renovation of the school
building constructed in 1995.
Tsvetova Village School Construction – Macedonia
Serbia
Moldova
Sanjak region: Construction and
equipping of Novi Pazar Primary School
with 20 classrooms,
Renovation of a primary school of
Orizont Education, one of the largest
educational institutions in the country
with 500 students.
Sanjak region: Renovation of Nova
Varos Technical High School and
Prijepolye Culture Center,
Novi Pazar: Renovation of the
80-seat reading area of Dositey
Obradovic Library,
Tutin municipality, villages of
Starcevice, Dobrinya and Naboye:
Reconstruction of 3 schools,
Buyanovac municipality: Construction
and landscaping of Primary School with
capacity for 600 students.
Ukraine
Repair of the school building at Satilik
Haci village.
Iraq
Various educational aid including
scholarships to 354 students.
Rwanda
Somalia
Equipping of a building designed
as a preschool and primary school
with capacity for 400 students under
“D.A.W.A.-Rwanda Education Bridge”
project.
Zeyla city: Maintenance and repair of
school and dormitory named Saadadin.
Togo
Equipment support to Agoe Centrale
public school at Lome,
Strengthening of the Reference,
Guidance and Housing Center for
Children in Difficulty (CROSPEDI) at
Lome.
Cameroon
Yaounde: Establishment of an
information technology laboratory
classroom at Ndonga Primary School.
Senegal
Tivaoune: Improvement of physical
conditions of Sokhna Fatou Ba Ahmed
Preschool.
1.
2.
3.
4.
IMPUTED STUDENT COSTS
The “Grand Student Project” was
initiated in 1992 and implemented
through 2010 under the Ministry
of National Education to provide
government scholarships in higher
education to students from Turkic
Republics and Turkic and Relative
Communities.
In the past two decades, 40,000 students
from countries and communities were
awarded scholarships in higher education
in Turkey under the “Grand Student
Project” and bilateral agreements.
In 2012 the scholarship programme
was taken over by the Presidency
of Turks Living Abroad and Relative
Communities and the Assessment Board
for International Students.
Considering the importance of
internationalization in higher education,
a comprehensive scholarship programme
named “Turkish Scholarships” consisting
of scholarship programs of various levels
and categories was established in 2011
through consultation with 21 ministries,
116 Turkish universities and 56 Turkish
missions. The basic principles adopted
for the programme were “rigorous
selection, high quality education and
effective post-education relations”.
The Turkish Scholarships programme
provided the opportunity to file
applications through Internet, thus
making it accessible to more students
around the world.
The online application system multiplied
the overall applications in a short time
exceeding 45,000 which earlier stood at
8,000 on average annually.
Scholarships were diversified
depending on the needs and regions,
offering educational departments and
programmes considering the needs of
recipient countries and the capacity and
priorities of Turkey.
The selection process involved local
interviews with applicants, with
interviewer panels of academicians and
specialists having interviewed more
than 10,000 short-listed applicants at 70
venues in 49 countries in 2012.
Individual scholarship grants were raised
by 50% to 80% by educational levels.
Through coordination and awareness
raising efforts with relevant domestic
agencies and universities, bureaucratic
processes such as obtaining student
certification, residence permits etc. and
other procedures were simplified and
rationalized.
Accommodation was improved and
diversified for international students. As
an example, postgraduate students were
subsidized for dormitories. Students
were covered under the “universal health
insurance” so that all would benefit
healthcare.
The Ministry of National Education and
the Presidency of Turks Living Abroad
and Relative Communities implemented
the following actions in 2012:
322 teachers were deployed to
13 countries including Tunisia, Iran,
Lebanon, Libya, Afghanistan, Georgia,
Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan,
Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Moldova and
Tajikistan.
1,171 students were awarded
scholarships by own governments
through the scholarship funds made
available by the Turkish government.
Under the Turkish Scholarships,
4,715 students from ODA recipients
received education in Turkey with 65
students in Turkish language courses at
Turkish Teaching Center (TOMER), 169
associate level, 3,324 at bachelor’s level,
664 at master’s level, 489 at doctoral
level and 4 in integrated doctoral
programmes. In addition, 233 students
from other communities received
education in Turkey.
Education support in master’s level
was provided to recipients from Jordan
1, Bosnia-Herzegovina 1, Syria 3, Iran
19, Afghanistan 9, Kyrgyzstan 7, Iraq
2, Bulgaria 1, Kazakhstan 2, Romania
1, Uzbekistan 2, China 3, Azerbaijan 2,
Mongolia 1, Macedonia 1, and Kosovo 2.
Under the “Research and Doctoral
Scholarship for Foreigners” programme
implemented by the Scientific and
Technological Research Council of
Turkey (TUBITAK), persons from the
following countries were awarded
postgraduate scholarships in Turkey:
Albania 4, Azerbaijan 3, Bangladesh
2, Bosnia-Herzegovina 2, Ethiopia 2,
Philippines 1, Palestine 9, Gambia 1,
Iraq 3, Iran 58, Kazakhstan 5, Kenya 2,
Kyrgyzstan 16, Kosovo 1, North Korea
1, Macedonia 3, Mongolia 6, Nigeria 6,
Pakistan 12, Sudan 1, Syria 1, Tajikistan
1, Turkmenistan 2, Uganda 2, Ukraine 3,
China 2, India 6, Somalia 1.
The scholarship grants ongoing
for four years to primary, secondary
and higher education students from
Macedonia were continued in the
academic year 2012-2013, with 620
students receiving support for 6 months.
24 doctoral students were awarded
scholarships under the Academic
Support Program for Gaza Islam
University.
400 lower-secondary and secondary
students from Somalia were hosted in
Turkey for 1 year of education.
1.
2.
3.
4.
HEALTH
Turkey serves as a model for developing
countries in health through exchange of
knowledge and experience, improving
bilateral and multilateral cooperation in
health and best practices. Accordingly
Turkey authored in 2012 such significant
health projects as construction and
repair of hospitals and polyclinics,
provision of medical equipment,
surgical operations, health screening,
provision of supplies, training specialists/
family physicians. Turkish agencies
also cooperate with and provides
support to Turkish NGOs in their
efforts of assistance in health sectors
of developing countries. They provided
logistical and funding support to
international conferences in health.
Pakistan
State of Punjab, Muzaffargarh
province: Construction of a 50-bed
hospital
Kyrgyzstan
Osh city: Construction of a hospital
3-story, 2,760m2 closed space under the
Gagarin Street Hospital Project
Uzbekistan
Fergana Valley: A medical team
of 15 physicians conducted plastic
surgical operations to treat defects and
deformations caused by accidents or
diseases, or congenital.
Ukraine
Even 25 years after the tragic
accident in Chernobyl Nuclear Plant,
more than 100,000 Ukrainian children
continue to live in the 3rd belt around
Chernobyl under constant exposure to
radio-cesium. Those children need seaside climate, 50 of whom were medically
treated for 15 days in the “Delphine”
children’s camp at Skadovsk, Herson.
Gagarin Street Hospital Project - Kyrgyzstan
Examples of health projects in 2012:
Afghanistan
Donation of 5 fully-equipped
ambulances
Jowzjan province, Mingajik district,
Koyunlu Watani village: Construction of
a BHC clinic building in the context of
reconstruction of Afghanistan
Renovation of the building for
Returning Communities Medical Center,
and supply of mobile equipment to be
used at mobile medical checks.
Macedonia
Awareness raising efforts on Hepatitis
A in regions where awareness in public
health and sanitation is low; and
outreaching 180 persons in this context
in Buchim, Topolnitsa, Pirnali, Kilavuzlu,
Alikoc, Kochali villages
Moldova
Vulkaneshti town, Gagauzia:
Renovation and repair of Vulkaneshti
Regional Hospital of 100 beds and 239
staff members
Karadağ
Repair of the Blood Transfusion
Center
Kosova
Donation of 5 ambulances
Vulkaneshti Regional Hospital – Moldova
Filistin
Gaza: The construction of PalestineTurkey Friendship Hospital (10 blocks,
34,000 m2 closed space, 150 beds) was
commenced in May 2011. Scheduled
for completion in February 2014, and
all medical equipment, furnishing and
electronics being provided by Turkey,
it will be the largest hospital in the
territories under the Palestinian National
Authority.
West Bank, Tubas city: Construction
of 30-bed Tubas Turkish Hospital
Yemen
Training in Turkey for 15 medical
staff from Yemen for 3 weeks.
Tubas Turkish Hospital – Palestine
1.
2.
3.
4.
Sudan
State of South Darfur, Nyala city:
Construction, equipping and physical
operation of the 150-bed hospital
Training for 7 physicians of Federal
Ministry of Health for 6 months
NYALA TURKISH HOSPITAL
The hospital will commence operations in January 2013 where voluntary
physicians and paramedics from Turkey will serve. It is the most advanced and
best equipped hospital in the region with a closed space of 11,000 m2 located on
a land of 50,000 m2, boasting 46 intensive care beds, 150 regular beds, 3 surgery
rooms, 2 birth rooms, a fully-equipped radiology unit and various laboratories. The
construction was realized by Turkish firms using highest grade materials which
were mostly brought over from Turkey due to the problems of local availability.
The hospital will serve also as a training and research hospital where academics
seconded from Turkey will train 107 candidate specialists in 15 branches.
Construction of 200-bed Turkish
Hospital in Mogadishu
The construction of the 200-bed Turkish
Hospital to replace the dilapidated
hospital in Dikfer Region was mostly
completed in 2012, and being scheduled
for commissioning for service in
2013. The Turkish Ministry of Health
contracted TOKI to construct the
building complex, and TIKA provides
the medical equipment and furnishing.
The Turkish Hospital will be the most
advanced hospital in East Africa, and
augment the health services capacity
significantly both in Somalia and East
Africa. It will be jointly operated for
5 years during which TIKA will cover the
staff costs of physicians and medical
staff. The entire effort intends to create
both physical and human infrastructure
in health in Somalia.
12 fully-equipped ambulances were
donated to Senegal, Niger, Mali,
Burkina Faso, Guinea Bissau and Yemen
particularly to prevent loss of life
because of inadequate first aid in birth,
accidents or trauma cases and failure to
get patients urgently to hospitals.
200-Bed Turkish Hospital – Somalia
International Medical Meetings:
Hosting 10 medical staff from
Azerbaijan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan,
Uzbekistan and Kosovo for VIII. Turkish
National Congress of Maternal Fetal
Medicine and Perinatology held in
Istanbul in October 2012
Hosting 22 sector representatives
from foreign countries in the “5th
International Congress of Health
Tourism” held in Ankara in November
2012
Forensic courses in July 2012
Hosting 72 specialists in the “22nd
World Congress of Forensic Academies”
held in Istanbul in July 2012
Examples of population policy and
reproductive health projects in 2012:
Uzbekistan: Mobile Clinic Project in
cooperation with the Healthy Son
Foundation, including the provision
of a fully-equipped mobile clinic vehicle
for service in reproductive health
Georgia: As practiced 6 times since
2008 under the Health Education
Program, providing training to 78
physicians and 14 nurses in Ankara
hospitals, with 20 being in 2012.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Training for Kazakh Physicians
Training for 20 physicians from
Kazakhstan Ministry of Health for two
weeks in hospitals specialized on women
and child health and diseases
Training for 20 physicians from
Kazakhstan for three weeks in two
terms in training and research hospitals
on child health and diseases, hematology
and oncology
Training for 1.5 months for 43
physicians and 40 nurses from Azerbaijan
Training for a group of 11 trainers
from Sudan-Turkish Midwifery
Training Center for 3 weeks in
Turkish training and research hospitals
Training for 10 midwives from South
Juba Training Hospital in South Sudan
for 1.5 months in Turkish training and
research hospitals
Training for Côte d’Ivoire Health Staff
Training for 10 health staff in nurse
and paramedic positions in Abidjan
Institute of Cardiology.
WATER AND SANITATION
As a result of the rapid increase in
the world population and continuous
expansion of the global economy,
pressures on natural resources build
up enormously and key environmental
indicators deteriorate gradually due to
overconsumption.
If necessary measures are not taken in
good time, the eco-system of our world
will be disrupted and ultimately make it
uninhabitable.
The desertification and drought which
directly threaten an area of more than
4 billion hectares and lives of 1.2 billion
people in 110 countries are not just
an environmental problem, but also
an adverse influence on economy and
development.
Fresh water is scarce on the Earth: 97.5%
of the entire body of water consists of
salt water in seas and oceans; while only
the remaining 2.5% is fresh water.
One third of the world population does
not have adequate fresh water sources.
We should easily infer that water is not
a cheap and easily accessible commodity.
In this context, Turkey carries out
projects and programmes for Access to
Fresh Water, with examples cited in the
following section.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Palestine
Construction of Gaza Rafah Rainwater
Collection Network which will be utilized
by 90,000 people.
Construction of the waste water
pumping station in Deir-Al Balah Region
which has a population of 205,000 people
and hosts one of 8 refugee camps in
Gaza.
Somalia
Under the Access to Fresh Water
Project, 19 deep drilling wells were put
into service, storage and networks were
built, and fountains were constructed in
various locations. The water obtained by
drilling works by TIKA and DSI satisfies
needs of 126,000 people.
Niger
In addition to 104 wells drilled in
previous years, 20 more drilled in Niger at
the 6th stage.
Sudan
Afghanistan
A water well drilled in Maidan Shar
Police Training Center in Wardak
province for the water analyzed was not
suitable for use.
Pakistan
40 water wells drilled in Tank province.
40 water wells drilled in Charsadda and
Swabi districts of HPK province.
Georgia
10 water wells drilled in Kvemo Kartli,
Kakheti and Guria Regions and in plains
of the Autonomous Republic of Adjara.
41 water wells drilled in various
provinces.
Burkina Faso
20 water wells drilled.
Comoros
The heavy rainfall on Comoros
Islands on 24-29 April 2012 caused
losses of life and property in the
capital Moroni and two other islands.
The water pumping station providing
potable and non-potable water to
nearly 70% of the capital’s population
became dysfunctional. Turkey provides
rehabilitation for Vouvoni Water
Pumping Station.
1.
2.
3.
4.
ADMINISTRATIVE AND CIVIL INFRASTRUCTURE
The more such principles as political
representation, participation,
accountability, effective civil society,
rule of law and decentralized
administration take place in the society
and political field in a developing
country, the easier that country adapts
itself to the developments in today’s
world. In this regard, Turkey attaches
great importance mainly to activities
regarding human resources in order to
make developing countries successful
in said areas. Turkish public servants
share their experience sincerely with the
people of developing countries through
long term programmes.
Under the leadership of OECD member
states, tax centers were established in
order to provide an experience sharing
forum in taxation for senior tax officers
of new independent states emerging
after the collapse of the Eastern Bloc
and the Soviet Union for the purpose of
providing such countries with technical
knowledge assistance during their
transition to market economy.
Turkey provides cash and in kind
contributions to the OECD Multilateral
Tax Center and to date, 4,375 senior
tax officers from 47 different countries,
particularly from Turkic Republics,
attended the seminars held in OECD
Ankara Multilateral Tax Center active
since 1993.
The attention attracted by the “Foreign
Young Diplomats Training Programme”
organized annually in the past 20 years
gradually increases every day. One
diplomat from each of 77 countries in
Caucasia, Central Asia, Balkans, Middle
East, Far East, Latin America and Africa
attended the eighth program in 2012.
Having provided training to nearly 800
foreign diplomats so far, the program
has a special place to the Ministers of
Foreign Affairs of recipient countries.
From 1993 to date, 4,375 senior tax officers
from 47 countries, particularly from Turkic
Republics, attended the seminars held in OECD
Ankara Multilateral Tax Center.
Another programme assistance
implemented by Turkey is the
“International Police Training
Cooperation Project” which aims to
strengthen relationships between
police organizations of countries
which cooperate with Turkey with
regard to security, particularly to
ensure coordination and cooperation
between police training institutions,
disseminate international standards in
policing applications, and developing
the understanding of cooperative fight
against regional security problems.
Examples of projects in 2012 include the
following:
63 participants received training
in 5 courses organized in Turkey and
Azerbaijan for Azerbaijani Police
Organization.
8 trainers, 30 participants and 2
consultants participated in 6 courses
on different subjects organized for
Uzbek Police Organization. Besides, a
“Basic Training Course for Crime Scene
Investigation” was organized in Turkey.
31 participants received training in 5
courses on various subjects organized in
Turkey and Kyrgyzstan for Kyrgyz Police
Organization.
34 participants received training in
4 training courses organized in Turkey
and Kazakhstan for Kazakh Police
Organization.
10 trainees participated in the
“Technical and Electronic Intelligence
Course” organized in Turkey for
Mongolian Police Organization.
Besides, 5 trainers participated in the
“Basic Training Course for Riot Police”
organized in Mongolia.
15 trainees participated in the “Training
Course of Police Trainers” was organized in
Turkey, and 14 trainees participated in the
“Organized Crime Investigation Course” for
Albanian Police Organization.
The Konik Police Station located in
Podgoritsa, the capital of Montenegro, was
repaired.
7 trainers and 18 trainees participated
in 3 training programmes organized for
Bosnian Police Organization.
in 5 coursed organized on different
subjects and on various dates in Macedonia
and Turkey.
30 off-road vehicles and 6,000 police
uniforms and equipment requested by Libya
National Transitional Council were supplied
and delivered to Libyan authorities.
in 15 courses on various subjects organized
in Turkey and in Tunisia for Tunisian Police
Organization which was included in the
project in 2012. Besides, the “Near Field
Operation Course” was organized.
8 trainers were deployed in 3 courses
organized for Palestine Police Organization.
Besides, the “Strategic Management
Course” was organized.
Palestine police members were provided
with the “Training for Motorcycle
Police Teams”, “Computer Network and
Information Security”, “Building Operations
and Rescuing Hostages” and “Anti-Terrorism
Intelligence” courses.
1.
2.
3.
4.
NRC Programme on Counter-Narcotics:
The following vehicles were donated:
Under its programme on “CounterNarcotic Training of Law Enforcement
Personnel of Afghanistan, Pakistan and
Central Asia Countries” implemented
under the NATO-Russian Council (NRC),
expert training on counter-narcotics was
delivered to law enforcement personnel
of beneficiary countries comprising
Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan,
Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan and Tajikistan.
30 4X4 Pick-up vehicles
Examples of said training include the
following:
6 riot control vehicles
“Crime Intelligence Analysis Course”
organized in Turkey for Turkmen Police
Organization
4 crime scene investigation vehicles
“Narcotic Crime Investigation Course”
attended by 14 trainees organized in
Turkey for Pakistani Police Organization.
Furthermore, other security materials
delivered to the Ministry of Interior of
Tunisia are listed as follows:
Purchase of Security Material and
Vehicles for the Ministry of Interior of
Tunisia:
Riot shields (2000 pieces)
Turkey started its activities in Tunisia in
March 2012 in order to support Tunisian
people in healing after the Jasmine
Revolution of Tunisia, the country in
which the Arab Spring first started, and
in transition to democracy. The tenders
for security materials and vehicles were
held in Tunisia under the “Modernization
of Tunisia Police Organization Project”.
pieces)
40 4X2 Pick-up vehicles
60 minibuses (with 14 seats in each) for troop
transfer
5 buses (with 30 seats in each) for troop transfer
10 buses (with 50 seats in each) for troop transfer
30 branded police cars
100 branded police motorcycles
5 arrestee transfer vehicles
2 bomb squad cars
Protective clothing (ROBOKOP) (2000 suits)
Bulletproof protective helmet (ballistic) (100
Polyurethane batons (2000 pieces)
Metal handcuffs (5000 pieces)
X-RAY devices (10 pieces)
Support for Tunisian local governments:
Local governments were delivered 32
garbage trucks, 30 street sweeping
vehicles, 30 dump trucks, 50 excavatorloader construction vehicles for
improving municipal services in Tunisia.
Other than construction vehicles, 92
superstructure vehicles which will be
used in municipal services are on the
way.
Provision of 30 off-road vehicles to
Libya:
30 off-road vehicles requested by Libya
National Transitional Council were
purchased and delivered to Libya.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Other programmes for strengthening
administrative structures of developing
countries are as follows:
In order to enhance the audit capacity
of Kyrgyzstan Court of Accounts, 20
experts were given language training in
the first stage, and will have internship
in the Turkish Court of Accounts in the
second stage.
The Union of Turkish World
Municipalities provided 25 local
government representatives from
Azerbaijan with local government
training in Kocaeli and Istanbul.
14 people from Iran, Kazakhstan and
Kyrgyzstan attended Turkey Capital
Markets Training Programme and were
given practical training in Istanbul Stock
Exchange for 3 months.
10 Afghan experts from Afghanistan
Ministry of Civil Aviation were given
practical training in Turkey for 6 weeks.
A training programme consisting of 7
stages on capacity building and quality
management system was planned for
Albania Accreditation Agency and 4
experts were given training in the first
stage.
The “Body Print Development
Laboratory” project underway in
Khartoum, Sudan is designed to build
capacity for Sudanese National Police
covering the entire process from
collecting evidences at crime scenes
to bringing expertise reports to the
court. Furnishing and equipment for the
laboratory were procured and delivered
to the Sudanese National Police, and
the experts who would work in the
laboratory were trained.
A 2000-seater stadium was built and
landscaped with volleyball and basketball
courts in Anjuan Island of the Union of
the Comoros.
Kabul humanitarian aid service
building was repaired and sewer works
improved.
Stadium for 2,000 people in Anjuan Island – Comoros
OTHER SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE AND SERVICES
Zyber Halluli Orphanage – Albania
Repair and furnishing support was
provided for numerous orphanages,
centers for people with disabilities and
nursing homes:
Zyber Halluli Orphanage in Albania,
Galkayo Orphanage in Somalia, Hadaf
Culture Foundation Orphanage in
Afghanistan
2 nursing homes in Albania and
Moldova and Shelters in Montenegro
Library for Visually Impaired People
in Bosnia-Herzegovina, Lef-Nosi Mental
Disability Center in Kosovo, Tbilisi
Mental Disability Rehabilitation Center
in Georgia, Senegal Mental Disability
Rehabilitation Center were supported.
Besides, the materials needed by people
with disabilities in Sudan and Pakistan
were provided.
Children’s playgrounds were built in
Libya and Palestine.
There are leprous people living in
Mballing, which is a village 100 km away
from Dakar, the capital of Senegal.
The public health station in this village
was repaired and improved to provide
better services. Additionally, residential
areas were also repaired to enable make
the village people near M’Bour city to
continue their daily lives under better
conditions and ensure the hygienic
environment necessary to protect new
generations against the said disease.
Lef-Nosi Mental Disability Center – Kosovo
1.
2.
3.
4.
VOCATIONAL TRAINING
In Georgia, Adjara Vocational Skills
Programme was organized to enable
underemployed young people to have
occupations in Adjara Autonomous
Region where unemployment rate is high.
390 young people attended the courses
on computer, accounting, Turkish,
English, preparation for university, etc.
The Vocational Training Center was
established in Dushanbe in 2012 to
contribute to the works for reducing
poverty and provide vocational training
opportunity for socially disadvantaged
citizens in Tajikistan.
In order to provide vocational skills to
Afghan people, Turkish language course,
computer, sewing, sewing machine
repair, needlework, carpet business and
tinwork courses were delivered.
A panel of 12 people were given training
in Turkey to build knowledge and
experience for women living in Jowzjan
and Sar-e Pol provinces in the framework
of reconstruction of Afghanistan.
Under the “Training of Trainers in
Vocational and Technical Training”
programme, 120 people from Kazakhstan
were provided training in Istanbul
on data processing and computing
technologies, construction and repair
works, leather working and production
of sheepskin products, hairdressing and
cosmetics, tricot products, weaving and
haberdashery technologies, tourism and
dining organization.
Marbling art, wood painting and jewelry
design courses were organized in Pristina,
Kosovo. About 100 trainees attended the
courses of 3 months.
Vocational Training – Tajikistan
Under the Practical Vocational Training
Project (UMEP), 60 people with 20 from
Kosovo, 20 from Macedonia and 20 from
Bosnia-Herzegovina completed their
vocational training in Turkey.
Vocational Skills Course – Albania)
Turkish Handicraft Course – Kosovo
PRISTINA HANDICRAFT COURSES
Equipment, furnishing and office supplies were provided for the high-in-demand
“Hydraulic Systems Vocational Course” delivered by Albania Gjirokastra Regional
Public Vocational Skills Center to train and supply qualified subprofessionals
particularly for the region’s industry.
Turkish Armed Forces organizes various
courses to ensure the participation of
women in social life and directing the
young people towards gainful works. In
2012, training was given to 362 trainees
in Turkish language course, 137 trainees
in English course, 70 trainees in Albanian
course, and 36 trainees in beadwork.
The training of trainers programme was
organized in Istanbul for the trainers
of Turkish Vocational and Technical
Training Center which was equipped
and furnished by Turkey. 120 teachers
and school managers attended the
programme in six groups, each of which
included 20 people and related to a
certain field. Furthermore, 30 trainers
from Sudan Vocational Training Center
participated in the one-month “Training
of Trainers of Sudan Vocational Training
Center” programme organized in
Karatekin University.
Furnishing and Equipment of Turkish
Vocational and Technical Training
Center in Sudan
The Governorship of Khartoum State
completed the construction of 10
workshops and laboratories built on
an area of 5,000 m2, one center for the
training of trainers and information
technologies classroom, library, practical
tourism restaurant and hotel.
The training facility was equipped under
the Domingya Village Vocational Training
Project in Conakry, Guinea.
11.22
0.43
WATER AND SANITATION
POPULATION AND
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
199.87
ADMINISTRATIVE AND
CIVIL INFRASTRUCTURE
33.57
OTHER SOCIAL
INFRASTRUCTURE
HEALTH
EDUCATION
TOTAL
98.20
290.91
634.20
Chart-6 Social Infrastructure Assistance by Subsector
(2012, million USD)
1.
2.
3.
4.
ECONOMIC INFRASTRUCTURE
Infrastructure services should be
provided in the best way to foster
economic development. While such
services do not directly increase total
production, they are the driver of
development. Economic infrastructure is
grouped under five subsectors:
TRANSPORT AND WAREHOUSING
Infrastructure investments underlie
transportation services. High quality
transportation services facilitate
economic activities and reduce costs.
At this point, the presence and capacity
of qualified human resources who
will carry out the services becomes
more of an issue. Examples of projects
implemented in 2012 for transport and
warehousing include the following:
Master Plan was drawn up for Bhutan
Roads.
Senegal, Burkina Faso, Moldova,
Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Ethiopia and
Egypt and 15 students from Somalia
were given training in Turkey on
transportation infrastructure.
Improvement of Mogadishu inner city
roads is in progress in Somalia.
Under Mogadishu Airport Rehabilitation
Project, VOR device was installed in
the airport, and the calibration test was
completed and the system was made
technically ready.
Thus, both the capacity was built in
the field of civil aviation and flights
were made more regular. Two Somalian
engineers completed their graduate
studies in Turkey for the operation and
maintenance of devices.
21 experts from Turkey were deployed
in Somalia, Afghanistan and Libya within
the scope of experience sharing.
A bridge crossing was constructed
between Mirwais and Darul Aman Palace
in Afghanistan.
3 bridges destroyed by the flood disaster
were rebuilt in Novi Pazar, Serbia.
Landscaping was made in Ankara Avenue
in Mongolia. Mısır’dan 34 uzmana ve
Somali’den 15 öğrenciye Türkiye’de
ulaştırma altyapılarıyla ilgili eğitim
verilmiştir.
334 experts from Somalia, Bhutan,
Pakistan, Congo Democratic Republic,
Azerbaijan, Malaysia, Mauritius,
Montenegro, Bosnia-Herzegovina,
Morocco, Gambia, Mauritania, Belarus,
Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Tunisia,
Bridged Crossing – Afghanistan
Ankara Avenue Landscaping – Mongolia
TELECOMMUNICATIONS INFRASTRUCTURE
Turkey plays an active role in
strengthening the telecommunication
systems of developing countries
through equipment support to news
agencies, training of media members,
establishment of news studios,
renewal of studio settings, provision of
transmitters, provision of transmitter
equipment and assembly of transmitters
in communication and information
subsector.
Albania: TUBITAK National Cyber
Security Exercise
Examples of telecommunication projects
realized by Turkey in 2012 include the
following:
Palestine: Experience sharing in the
field of postal service
Moldova: E-State Applications
Programme
Macedonia: Technical equipment
support to EDO TV
Moldova: Establishment of a new
news studio in GRT (Gagauzia Radio and
Television), renewal of its setting and
technical equipment support to GRT
Iraq: Provision of TURKSAT and NILSAT satellite links for Turkmeneli Radio
and Television and establishment of a
printing unit
Libya: Establishment of FM radio in
Tripoli Tajura
Mauritania: Media Training Activities.
1.
2.
3.
4.
BANKING AND FINANCE
Numerous experts from various
countries were provided with training in
banking and finance sector in 2012.
Examples of training programmes in
banking include the following:
Experience Sharing in Finance Sector (Kazakhstan),
Development of Private Sector (Kazakhstan),
Macroeconomic Forecasts for Monetary Policy (Azerbaijan),
Communication Strategies Training (Azerbaijan),
Training for the Experts of Baku Stock Exchange (Azerbaijan),
Human Resources Seminar (Azerbaijan),
Cash Management Seminar (Azerbaijan),
Training on Turkish Capital Markets (Mongolia, Azerbaijan),
Technical Assistance for Kyrgyz Capital Markets (Kyrgyzstan),
Information on Private Pension in Turkey (Macedonia, Palestine, Tanzania)
Assistance for Albania Capital Markets (Albania)
Removing Zeros from Currency (Iraq)
Development of Institutional Capacity of Ethiopia Development Bank (Ethiopia),
Establishment of Single Treasury Account System (Sudan)
Training and Experience Sharing on the Infrastructure and Regulations of Turkish Capital Markets (Maldives)
BUSINESS AND OTHER SECTORS
Examples of projects implemented by
Turkey in 2012 in business and other
sectors include the following:
Project of Disseminating Industrial
Automation Technologies in the
Central Asia and Middle East Countries
(Pakistan)
Sharing Experience on Free Economy
Regions (Tajikistan)
Strengthening of Statistics Activities
(Mongolia)
Establishment of E-Document
Transformation System (Turkmenistan)
Training on Metrology and Relevant
Measurement Units (Kyrgyzstan)
Entrepreneurship Training (Tanzania)
Financial Regulation Commission Training – Mongolia
0.39
BANKING AND FINANCE
0.1
ENERGY
TRANS. AND WAREHOUSING
INFORMATION TECH.
BUSINESS AND OTHER
TOTAL
1.02
2.01
16.58
20.10
Chart-7 Economic Infrastructure Assistance by Subsector (2012, mıllıon usd)
1.
2.
3.
4.
PRODUCTION SECTORS
AGRICULTURE AND LIVESTOCK
Agricultural activities underlie nutrition
so essential to sustaining life. Soil has
always been an indispensable resource
for human beings since the onset of
sedentary life. Today, agriculture has
an important role in the process of
industrialization to foster economic
prosperity of a country. Turkey
continues to increase agricultural
experience through innovative works
implemented by the Ministry of Food,
Agriculture and Livestock, and shares her
experience with developing countries.
Examples of agricultural assistance
programmes and projects implemented
in 2012 include the following:
An agricultural storage of 500 tons was
built in Wardak Province in Afghanistan
and farmers in the region were provided
training for 10 days. At the end of
training, each of 900 farmers was given a
disinfection machine, pruning saw, large
and small pruning scissors. Furthermore,
810 farmers were trained in cattle
breeding, and Afghan veterinarians were
trained on animal diseases for 4 months
in Turkey. A milk collection and cooling
center with a capacity of 6 tons/day
was built in Wardak province. In
cooperation with the University of
Faisalabad, 300 goats were distributed
to 50 families living in Pakistan villages.
The project implemented under the
name of “Breeding of Beetal Goat for
Reducing Poverty and Strengthening
Rural Women” is expected to provide
benefits to 1,500 people at the end of a
5-year period.
Olive farming was supported in
Montenegro and Palestine, with 35
olive harvesting machines donated to
Palestine.
An apiculture project was implemented
in Azerbaijan and Bosnia-Herzegovina.
Azerbaijan was donated 1,000 bee
colonies, and Bosnia-Herzegovina was
donated 1,220 hives, 1,220 swarms, a van
for migratory beekeeping, machinery and
equipment for such apiculture works
as honey extraction and pollen cleaning
under the project to be utilized by 80
farmer families.
Projects were implemented in Albania
and Azerbaijan to support organic
agriculture and 750 kg of wheat suitable
for seeding was donated to Azerbaijan.
Material and equipment support was
given to the hydrochemistry laboratory
of Aquaculture Research Center
operating in Albania University of Tirana,
Faculty of Agriculture and Environment,
Department of Aquaculture. Under the
Agricultural Capacity Programme, fruit
young trees were grown for the first
time in Kosovo which used to import
fruit young trees. Clone tree panels in
an area of 3 decares, budstick parcel
in an area of 3 decares and full dwarf
apple garden in an area of 2 decares
were established in the field belonging
to the University of Pristina, Faculty of
Agriculture and Veterinary.
Olive Farming – Montenegro
The young tree production is expected
to reach 70,000 pieces in the 3rd year of
the project realized in 2012.
Serbia was donated 100 milking
machines and 7 hoeing machines.
70 participants from such countries
as Iraq, Turkmenistan, Mauritania,
Afghanistan, Bosnia-Herzegovina,
Mongolia were given training in different
subjects.
An artificial insemination center was
established in Sudan and corresponding
equipment was donated. 250 farmer
families were given corn seed in
Khartoum. Within the project
implemented Darfur and acclaimed
by FAO as a “Best Practice” in Rome,
support was continued with the grant of
22 tons of seed in 2012.
The third one of the training programme
titled “Development of Sustainable
Aquaculture” organized yearly since 2010
under the cooperation between Japan
International Cooperation Agency, TIKA
and General Directorate of Fisheries and
Aquaculture of the Ministry of Food,
Agriculture and Livestock was held in
Trabzon this year.
Five fishing boats were provided in
order to develop the fisheries sector in
Gambia.
1.
2.
3.
4.
FORESTRY
Turkish assisted forestry projects
concentrated mainly in African and
Central Asian countries.
A “Training and Technical Cooperation
Programme on the Fight against
Desertification, Land Degradation,
Drought and Forestry” was created to
carry on through 2022. The first action
under the programme was the planting
of Turkey-Niger Friendship Forest with
the grant of 6,000 young trees. The field
of 2 hectares planned as the City Forest
included one water well, one water
reservoir with a capacity of 10 tons, 3
fountains, 5 pergolas and 1 mini football
field.
The Handbook of Forestation and
Rehabilitation in Arid and Semi-arid
Areas was drawn up in the workshop
held in Konya with the participation of
representatives from 40 countries.
The issue of capacity building for the
sustainable management of mountain
basins was discussed in the workshop
held in Antalya for Central Asian and
Caucasian countries.
A training programme on the fight against
forest fires was organized for a panel of
20 people comprising managers, chiefs,
inspectors, experts and civil servants of
the Ministry of Environment, Forestry and
Water Management of Albania. BosniaHerzegovina was donated two vehicles
for use against forest fires.
INDUSTRY
Continuing its activities to increase
SME share in economic and social
development by providing quality
services and support for improving
competitiveness of SMEs and
disseminating an entrepreneurship
culture, Turkey has undertaken numerous
projects for developing countries.
Experience and knowledge were shared
through consultancy services in 2012 as
well. In this context, 59 people from 9
countries were hosted and informed in
Turkey while study visits were paid to
organized industrial zones (OIZ) of other
countries.
Examples of other projects realized
to strengthen industrial infrastructure
include the following:
Consultancy services were provided for
the establishment of OIZ in many cities
of Azerbaijan.
Tajikistan: Physical infrastructure of the
Adult Training Center was improved
under the “Vocational Training Center
Project”.
Turkey-Niger Friendship Forest – Niger
Sudan: The Vocational and Technical
Training Center established by TIKA
was opened in 2012. Trainers assigned
from Cankiri Karatekin University
Vocational College provide training in 8
different fields in the Center. Training
was provided to 120 people, including
35 trainers and managers working at the
Center.
TOURISM
Training programmes were organized to
foster tourism potential of cooperation
partners where numerous senior
managers and experts attended. 222
people were provided in 2012 with
training on “Hotel Management”,
“Reception Services”, “Housekeeping”
and “Waiting Services” under the
Tourism Training Programmes
implemented in Azerbaijan since 2001.
Furthermore, 44 people attended the
training programmes organized for
Turkmenistan, Albania, Uzbekistan,
Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan.
MULTI-SECTOR ACTIONS
The largest share under the development
of multi-sector actions was the loan of
USD 500 million made available to Egypt
(See p. 17, Concessional Lending.)
BUSINESS & TOURISM
AGRI & FORESTRY
INDUSTRY
TOTAL
0.45
0.87
5.66
6.98
Chart-8 Assistance to Production Sectors by subsector
(2012, mıllıon usd)
1.
2.
3.
4.
1.C.2. Emergency and Humanitarian Aid
Emergency aid refers to aid provided
in situations where own resources of a
country are insufficient in emergencies
arising from extraordinary events
resulting in loss of lives and/or loss of
crops or livestock. Emergency aid is
typically provided in such situations as
natural disasters, war or civil unrest, food
shortage arising from the loss of crops
due to drought and disease.
Emergency aid further includes those
provided to prevent diseases, given to
asylum seekers under extraordinary
conditions, to eliminate problems arising
from natural disasters, and aid given for
measures which reduce damages during
disasters.
Turkish emergency aid is categorized in two
subsections: aid for Syrian guests and emergency
aid given due to wars, conflicts and natural
disasters. Turkish emergency aid in 2012
exceeded 1 billion USD by an increase of 300%
on the previous year.
264.35
152.51
49.75
31.08
46.12
115.67
178.89
1,040.03
Chart-9 Emergency Aid (2005-2012, million USD)
6.61
2.42
0.80
0.71
0.71
0.11
PALESTINE
IRAQ
MYANMAR
LIBYA
PAKISTAN
UKRAINE
SOMALIA
SYRIA
47.54
979.39
Chart-10 Largest Recipients of Emergency Aid (2012, million USD)
Syrian Guests - Turkey
1.
2.
3.
4.
Assistance to Syrian Guests
Turkey has effectively implemented an
“open-door policy” for Syrians who have
left their country since April 2011 after
the onset of civil unrest, with tens of
thousands of Syrians entering the Turkish
territory. The Disaster and Emergency
Management Presidency (AFAD)
established 14 tent cities with 5 in Hatay
(Altınozu-1, Altınozu-2, Yayladagi-1,
Yayladagi-2, Apaydin), 2 in Sanliurfa
(Ceylanpinar, Akcakale), 3 in Gaziantep
(Islahiye, Karkamıs, Nizip) and 1 in each of
the provinces Kahramanmaras, Osmaniye,
Adıyaman and Adana and 3 container
cities with 1 in each of the provinces
Kilis, Sanliurfa and Gaziantep for Syrian
citizens. Turkey hosted 156,853 Syrians
together with injuries and their hospital
attendants with the following totals
by province: 12,897 in Hatay, 26,157
in Gaziantep, 13,433 in Kilis, 61,112 in
Sanliurfa, 16,935 in Kahramanmaras, 8,297
in Osmaniye, 9,163 in Adiyaman, and
8,859 in Adana.
While the management of similar camps
in Lebanon and Jordan was undertaken by
the United Nations High Commissioner
for Refugees (UNHCR), needs of said
Syrian guests in the camps in Turkey
were met by Turkey for a period of more
than one year. The sum of aid made to
Syrian guests for this purpose in 2012
was estimated at 979.39 million. 41,239
personnel from 26 professional groups
deployed for Syrian guests worked in
the said provinces. In addition to 25,239
police officers, a wide variety of human
resources from Arabic speaking teachers
to such security officers as gendarmerie
soldiers, from sociologists to engineers,
from translators deployed by provincial
muftis to Turkish Red Crescent teams
worked in the region.
Aid to Syrian guests in 2012 totaled
980 million USD.
23,467 students received education in
361 classrooms in 24 schools under. 2,870
children received preschool education. 57
Turkish and 6 Arabic speaking teachers
were deployed in preschools and the
total number of teachers reached 860,
with 228 Turkish and 632 Arabic speaking
teachers. Additionally, 24,364 people
were trained in 107 course activities
ranging from literacy to vocational
training.
For health care services, 7,568 surgical
operations were made in 2012 bringing
the total of surgical operations to 54,922.
Further 1,776 babies were delivered
while 532,346 medical examinations were
conducted at polyclinics.
Table-4 Assistance to Syrian Guests by
Province of Hosting (USD)
PROVINCE
AID (USD)
Malatya3,851,487
Adana19,837,012
K.Maraş
Ş.Urfa
42,856,673
294,878,680
Gaziantep127,167,596
Osmaniye24,828,852
Hatay296,145,622
Adıyaman
27,115,361
Kilis164,521,194
TOTAL979,388,544
1.
2.
3.
4.
Emergency Aid due to Armed Conflicts and
Natural Disasters
African countries, particularly Somalia
faced the threat of drought due to
climate changes. On the other hand,
Turkey stood with her neighbor after the
earthquake in Iran while she endeavored
to heal the wounds of flood disaster in
Pakistan.
Additionally, Turkey was not indifferent
to the events in Myanmar and helped
people in hard times.
Visit of the Minister of Foreign Affairs Davutoğlu to Arakan – Myanmar
SOMALIA
Somalia was the country most affected
by the drought in the Horn of Africa
in 2011. While 61% of the people was
affected by this disaster, the United
Nations declared that about two million
children remained undernourished in
the region and that the total number of
people affected by the drought was 10
million. Nearly 260,000 people lost their
lives with half children under 5 years of
age, and thousands of people who left
their livelihood due to loss of livestock,
damage to agricultural fields sought
refuge in Dadaab Camp in the south of
Kenya. However, under horrible camp
conditions many were malnourished,
infected with terminal diseases needed
emergency treatment. Human rights
organizations warned that women in the
camps were assaulted and the aid was
mismanaged by camp administrators.
On the other hand,
security problems
experience due
to the civil war
since 1988 limit the
effectiveness of aid
efforts and prevent the establishment of a
stable government in the country.
Nevertheless, Turkey, with all of its public
entities as well as with its NGOs, assisted
the people of Somalia, delivering public aid
of 47.54 million USD in 2012.
Examples of the aid made include the
following:
16 personnel including 3 experts, 2 family
physicians, 11 paramedics serve in the field
hospital constructed by Turkey in Dikfer
region of Mogadishu. Health care teams
intervene in any emergencies other than
gunshot injuries. 500 polyclinic patients are
examined daily, and laboratory and x-ray
services are provided. An average of 15
surgical operations is conducted daily with
5 under general anesthesia, and 8-10 under
local anesthesia. In Jazire Life Camp, 150
patients are examined every day, and those
who have a serious condition, and require
an advanced examination and treatment
are evacuated to Turkey.
1.
2.
3.
4.
189,699 patients were treated and 1,865
surgical operations were made.
50 tons of material and 80 tons of
medicine were delivered.
2 inflatable field hospitals and their
internal equipment were provided.
Health care services were delivered with
5 ambulances, 1 midibus and 1 UMKE
off-road vehicle.
Numerous Somalian injuries who
received treatment in Turkey and their
hospital attendants were hosted by
Turkey.
A health care team consisting of 17
faculty members were provided with the
“NRP Practitioner and Trainer Training”
and “Neonatal Resuscitation Training”
between 12 and 14 December 2012,
and “Safe Maternity” and “Training Skills
Training” between 17 and 28 December
2012. Uniforms were supplied for police
members.
Dry food packages were distributed
as emergency aid to 470 families who
suffered from flooding.
2 generators, 400 computers, 100
printers, 10 drilling machines, 1 bone
incinerator, 120 tents, 1,200 pillows,
2,400 blankets, 1,132 beds, UPS device,
deep fryer, tea machine, onion cutting
machine, communication materials, 2,301
tons of sugar were supplied.
1 water treatment plant and 5 children
playgrounds were constructed.
400 Somalian students selected through
interviews received education in Turkey.
To eliminate the waste bones which for
years cause enormous environmental
pollution and diseases, an Animal Waste
and Bone Disposal Facility of daily 1 ton
capacity was built.
Clearing of Plane Wreckages
The planes from previous periods
inside the wire fences and walls were
disassembled and removed by TIKA in
order to remove psychological effects of
the war.
1.
2.
3.
4.
PALESTINE
Myanmar (Burma)
For needy families, 12.5 tons of flour
was donated, meat was given as aid
in the Festival of Sacrifice and iftar
activities were organized in Ramadan.
In Myanmar, hundreds of people lost
their lives in the violence between Arakan
Muslims and Rakhine Buddhists erupting
early June 2012 upon the allegations
of rape. Thousands of houses were
demolished, nearly 125,000 Muslims were
forced to leave their homes and continue
their lives in various camps. In Leda Camp
15,000 people, in Kutupalong Camp
14,000 people (according to unofficial
numbers, 95,000 people), and in Nayapara
Camp 10,000 people continued their lives
under harsh conditions.
2,000 families were given emergency
food aid.
Emergency medical aid was provided for
the hospitals in Gaza.
IRAQ
Accommodation and transportation
costs of 171 people including 99
patients/injuries and 72 hospital
attendants were covered and various
health aid, particularly costs for analysis,
treatment, medicine and orthopedic and
medical material were made.
Yemen
Emergency food aid was made in 4
regions and 2 ambulances were donated.
On the other hand, there were more than
100,000 people around camps and in
outskirts as spread in the forestry areas.
Turkey was not indifferent to this tragedy
and started aid activities at the highest
level and showed that she stood shoulder
to shoulder with the people of Arakan.
Examples of emergency aid provided in
Myanmar in 2012 include the following:
In the camps where even basic human
needs were not met, 1,880 food packages
were delivered to 3 different points and
urgent food problem of 15,000 people
was resolved.
645 families were delivered kitchen sets.
A study visit was made to the region for
the projects planned in Myanmar and
medicine and cash aid was provided.
Aid to Camps - Myanmar (Burma)
1.C.3. Peace Building
According to OECD, the concept of
“peace-building” covers all the activities
intended to contribute to the building
of a peace culture. The term of “peacebuilding” became an expression covering
the preventive diplomacy, peace building
and protection policies in 1992 through
the peace agenda of the UN and it has
been improved among practitioners.
Being aware of its strategic position,
importance and responsibilities, Turkey is
determined to actively contribute to the
reduction of tensions and resolution of
crises.
Turkish Armed Forces is the major
agency involved in Turkish peace-building
efforts in two categories namely military
security and observer missions.
The developments in Caucasia, Middle
East and Balkans after the end of the
cold war dramatically affected the global
peace. Peace and tranquility to be built in
these regions will have a positive effect
on the global peace. For this purpose,
Turkey has increasingly concentrated on
activities of cooperation in education,
partnership programmes for peace,
organization of multinational peace
forces and contribution to peacebuilding operations.
Turkish peace-building activities
continued in 2012 in many countries,
particularly in Afghanistan, BosniaHerzegovina, Kosovo and Lebanon.
Turkish contribution to peace-building
efforts was estimated at 77.31 million
USD in 2011, and 87.24 million USD in
2012.
51.96
51.55
54.06
87.24
77.31
78.60
Chart-11 Peace-building Efforts (2006-2012, million USD)
36.31
1.
2.
3.
4.
Turkey took over Kabul Regional
Command, one of six regional
commands of ISAF Operation in
Afghanistan, on 01 November 2009. The
term was extended for periods of one
year.
Turkey led the establishment of
the South-Eastern Europe Brigade
Multinational Peace Force, to which
Albania, Bulgaria, Italy, Macedonia,
Romania and Greece also contributed, in
order to ensure the sustainability of the
regional security and stability in Balkans.
Turkish Armed Forces provided
training to armed forces personnel
of Afghanistan, Albania, Azerbaijan,
Bangladesh, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Brazil,
Morocco, Georgia, Iran, Kazakhstan,
Kyrgyzstan, Kosovo, Libya, Lebanon,
Macedonia, Mongolia, Mauritania,
Pakistan, Senegal, Serbia, Tunisia,
Turkmenistan and Ukraine in 2012 in the
Partnership for Peace Training Center.
ATATÜRK AND WORLD PEACE
One of the most important goals in the 89-year period as from the establishment of
the Republic of Turkey has been to contribute to world peace. At this point, it should
be certainly reminded that the Great Leader Atatürk and the founder generation
of the Republic spent most of their lives in battle fields and personally witnessed
the bloodshed. The statement “Peace at home, peace in the world”, as the clearest
expression of Turkey’s goal of ensuring world peace, was pronounced as the result of
such experience.
56.00
4.50
LEBANON
AFGHANISTAN
4.91
8.30
9.46
KOSOVO
BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA
6.89
8.50
64.71
Chart-12 Major Beneficiaries of Turkish Peace-building Activities
(million USD)
1.
2.
3.
4.
1.C.4. Asylum Seekers
The reporting category of Asylum
Seekers includes the costs of hosting
for the first 12 months and of moving
to third countries incurred by donor
countries on account of persons who
arrive from developing countries and
reside in the donor country under the
status of refugee or asylum seeker.
While the terms refugee and asylum
seeker are often used interchangeably,
they indeed refer to different concepts.
The reference text of international
literature, the Geneva Convention
relating to the Status of Refugees of 28
July 1951, defines in Article 1 a refugee
as a person who “owing to well-founded
fear of being persecuted for reasons of
race, religion, nationality, membership
of a particular social group or political
opinion, is outside the country of his
nationality and is unable or, owing to
such fear, is unwilling to avail himself of
the protection of that country”.
An asylum seeker on the other hand
is a person who seeks international
protection as a refugee but is not yet
granted an official status as such.
The latter term usually denotes the
status of a person who has filed an
application for refugee status and
is pending decision by the relevant
government or the United Nations High
Commissioner of Refugees (UNHCR).
Turkey, due to territorial limitation,
refers to a person who has newly
arrived and filed an application as an
“applicant for asylum” and following the
completion of all procedures an “asylum
seeker”. In this context, assistance
to asylum seekers includes such cost
items as mission expenses of teams
assigned to process the applications of
asylum seekers (applicants), provision of
education to children of asylum seekers,
costs of operating the hosting centers,
aid in the form of cash, health, housing,
clothing and heating to asylum seekers,
and travel costs for their return to own
or third countries. Turkey received
75,969 persons from various countries in
2012, with 70,501 being asylum seekers
from developing countries for whom
Turkish expenditures totaled 110.80
million USD.
Many people from Afghanistan, Iraq and
Somalia who have left own countries
for economic, political and cultural
reasons for Turkey live as “temporary
asylum seekers” in Turkey. While
very few enter Turkish territory with
passports, a large majority enter illegally.
Syrians who entered Turkish territory
in large numbers were named “guests”
and related costs were classified as
emergency aid. Syrians processed and
classified as “asylum seeker” by the
Turkish National Police stood at 7,908.
Iran, then moved onto Turkey due to
economic and political reasons. Afghan
arrivals in official records stood at
13,425 in 2012, while the same figure
was 7,501 in 2011.
Arrivals in Turkey from Iraq, Syria,
Palestine and recently Myanmar
increased significantly due to political
instability and life-threatening
circumstances in the origin countries.
A large majority of arrivals are illegal
entrants, e.g. 6,120 of 6,691 arrivals from
Myanmar.
The largest group of asylum seekers are
Afghan people who mostly fled their
country in the 1980s following the
Soviet invasion and sought asylum in
1,673
1,363
1,358
SOMALIA
AZERBAIJAN
ERITREA
GEORGIA
MYANMAR
PALESITINE
SYRIA
IRAQ
AFGHANISTAN
4,376
6,691
7,360
7,908
9,948
13,425
Chart-13 Largest Origins of Asylum Seekers in Turkey (2012, persons)
1.
2.
3.
4.
TURKEY
SYRIA
AFGHANISTAN
IRAQ
PALESTINE
PAKISTAN
BANGLADESH
ERITREA
IRAN
MYANMAR
SOMALIA
Countries of Origins of Illegal Migrants to Turkey
Development assistance reporting to
OECD includes only the first 12 months
of asylum seekers in the host country.
However, differing interpretations do
exist for the first 12 months; for example
Belgium, France, Portugal and United
Kingdom start that period from the
date of entry of an asylum seeker into
their territory, while Canada, Germany
and USA do so from the date when the
refugee status is granted. This excludes
those asylum seekers pending decision
on their application.
Another practice covers both methods:
Austria, Denmark, Finland, Greece, Japan,
Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden and
Switzerland start the 12-month period
from the date of filing for asylum and
extend beyond the final decision on
the refugee status. Costing however
varies by country depending on the time
before or after receiving the asylum
application and whether the application
is granted.
Table-5 Assistance to Asylum Seekers by DAC Members (USD)
COUNTRY
PERSON / YEAR
Austria3,478
Belgium32,596
Canada10,656
Denmark31,235
Finland18,450
France12,190
Germany9,125
Netherlands24,375
New Zealand
13,544
Norway26,000
Portugal1,803
Spain4,658
Switzerland21,483
United Kingdom
3,261
USA10,196
1.C.5. Administrative Costs
Administrative costs refer to all staff,
administrative and logistic expenditures
incurred by agencies, either through
central, field or foreign units, to carry
out their assistance activities.
Turkish administrative costs for 2012
were estimated at 90.44 million USD
accounting for 3.57% of Turkish ODA in
2012. Declining rates of administrative
costs also indicate that Turkish ODA
efficiency have increased in time.
Table-6 ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS (2004-2012, mILLION USD)
ADM. COSTS
(MILLION USD)
YEAR
ODA
(MILLION USD)
YÖNETİM
GİDERLERİ/ RKY %
2004
5.39339.15 10.40
2005
56.70601.04 9.40
2006
74.33714.21 10.40
2007
51.58602.24 8.50
2008
61.73780.36 7.90
2009
51.68707.17 7.30
2010
63.50967.42 6.50
2011
70.731,273.01
5.50
2012
90.442,533.30
3.57
3.57
5.50
6.50
7.30
7.90
8.50
10.40
9.40
Chart-14 Administrative Costs/ODA (2004-2012, %)
10.40
1.
2.
3.
4.
1.C.6. Contribution to International Organizations (Multilateral Assistance)
Turkish ODA in the form of multilateral
assistance, i.e. the contributions and
membership dues to international
organizations, stood at 110.80 million
USD in 2012, increasing by 137% over
the 2011 figure of 46.80 million USD.
The largest recipient was the World
Bank Group at 47.04 million USD, which
entirely went to the International Bank
of Reconstruction and Development
followed by the United Nations
Organization and Agencies with a total
of 46.42 million USD.
OTHER
ORGANIZATIONS
WORLD BANK GROUP
UNITED NATIONS
REGIONAL
DEVELOPMENT BANKS
8.65
8.68
46.62
47.04
Chart-15 Contributions to International Organizations
(2012, million USD)
46.80
41.86
44.62
47.29
71.63
57.29
46.28
45.18
40.21
47.31
23.20
23.93
56.11
68.57
110.80
Chart-16 Contributions to International Organizations
(1998-2012, million USD)
1.
2.
3.
4.
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the
Undersecretariat of Treasury continued
in 2012 to be the leading agents of
multilateral assistance.
Table-7 Contribution Relations of Turkish Public Entities with International Organizations
DISASTER AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PRESIDENCY (AFAD)
UNO-United Nations Organization
UNISDR- United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Relief
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES AND TELECOMMUNICATION AUTHORITY
ITU-International Telecommunications Union
CANKAYA MUNICIPALITY
WHO-World Health Organization
STATE METEOROLOGICAL AFFAIRS, GENERAL DIRECTORATE OF
WMO-World Meteorology Organization
MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS
IFRCRCS-International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
UNFPA-United Nations Population Fund
IAEA-International Atomic Energy Agency
UNAIDS-United Nations HIV/AIDS Programme
UNIDO-United Nations Industrial Development Organization
UNOCHA-United Nations Coordination Office for Humanitarian Affairs
UNODC-United Nations Office of Drugs and Crimes
UNRWA-United Nations Relief and Works Agency
WFP-World Food Programme
UNO-United Nations Organization
UNPKO-UN Peace-keeping Operations
BSEC-Black Sea Economic Cooperation Organization
UNDEF- United Nations Democracy Fund
WHO-CVCA-World Health Organization-Voluntary Accounts
OAS-Organization of American States
OECD-Economic Cooperation and Development Organization
MINISTRY OF HEALTH
UNFPA-United Nations Population Fund
UNICEF-United Nations Children’s Fund
OECD-Dev.Center-Economic Cooperation and Development, Development Center
UNDP-United Nations Development Programme
MINISTRY OF FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND LIVESTOCK
FAO-Food and Agriculture Organization
CGIAR(IARC)-International Agricultural Research Advisory Group
ISTA-International Seed Testing Association
EPPO-Europe and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization
IFAD-International Agricultural Development Fund
CIHEAM-International Mediterranean Agronomic Research Center
UNDERSECRETARIAT OF TREASURY
IBRD-International Bank of Reconstruction and Development
IDA-International Development Association
As.DB-Asian Development BankBSTDB-Black Sea Trade and Development Bank
GEF-Global Environment Fund
AsDF-Asian Development Fund
MINISTRY OF CULTURE AND TOURISM
WIPO-World Intellectual Property Organization
UNESCO- United Nations Education, Science and Culture Organization
MINISTRY OF FINANCE
MINISTRY OF NATIONAL EDUCATION
UNESCO-United Nations Education, Science and Culture Organization
MINISTRY OF FORESTRY AND WATER
IUCN- International Union for Conservation of Nature
CITES-Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora
CCD-Convention to Combat Desertification
UNEP-United Nations Environment Programme
MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT
OECD-Dev.Center-Economic Cooperation and Development, Development Center
ITU-International Telecommunications Union
GOVERNORSHIP OF YALOVA
TURKISH EMPLOYMENT ORGANIZATION, GENERAL DIRECTORATE OF
1.C.7. Other Official Flows
Other official flows include financial
assistance which do not have a grant
element by term and interest rates.
Turkey extended 50.91 million USD in
loan to Belarus for tourism sector, and
19.18 million USD to Sudan for water
and sanitation services.
Turkey made available 70.09 million
USD in new loans in 2012 while she was
repaid 13.56 million USD in principal
and interest on outstanding loans.
The difference 56.53 million USD was
recorded as other official flow in the
total development assistance.
The Turkish loan to Belarus was
mediated by Turkish Eximbank for the
renovation of the five-star Oktyabrskaya
President Hotel. The loan to Sudan
will be used to implement the North
Khartoum Sewer Project.
The corresponding figures for 2011 were
37.29 million USD of new loans, 25.59
million USD of repayment and 11.7
million USD of net new lending recorded
in the total development assistance.
NET LENDING
NEW LOANS
REPAYMENTS
56.53
70.09
Chart-17 Other Official Flows (2012, million USD)
-13.56
1.
2.
3.
4.
1.D. PRIVATE FLOWS
1.D.1. Direct Investment
The direct investment by the Turkish
private sector in ODA recipients was
735 million USD in 2012 as reported
by the Central Bank of the Republic of
Turkey.
While Turkish capital continued to focus
on the South and Central Asia in 2012, it
diversified to other continents including
Africa and Latin America. Azerbaijan was
the largest destination of Turkish direct
investment at 373 million USD followed
by Kazakhstan at 56 million USD.
735.00
670.31
714.49
879.20
Chart-18 Direct Investment (2009-2012)
25.00
20.00
20.00
19.00
18.00
18.00
12.00
12.00
12.00
9.00
7.00
6.00
INDIA
IRAQ
EGYPT
PAKISTAN
CHINA
MOROCCO
GEORGIA
MACEDONIA
UKRAINE
MALAYSIA
BOSNIAHERZEGOVINA
SENEGAL
KAZAKHSTAN
56.00
373.00
Chart-19 Direct Investment by Country (2012, million USD)
AZERBAIJAN
1.
2.
3.
4.
Investment by Turkish companies in
Azerbaijan concentrated on energy and
telecommunications; while the efforts
to strengthen Azerbaijani non-oil sectors
included investments in agriculture,
food, construction, chemicals, textiles
and tourism.
Investment by Turkish companies in
Kazakhstan has totaled 2 billion USD
since 1993. There are more than 500
companies of joint Kazakh-Turkish
capital registered and operating
in Kazakhstan while fully Turkish
owned companies stand around 160.
Turkish entrepreneurs in Kazakhstan
concentrate particularly on food,
pharmaco-chemicals, construction,
hotels and manufacturing, with
construction in the ascendant as
Turkish construction firms have so far
undertaken projects exceeding 17 billion
USD.
Noteworthy are Turkish investments
in India in cloth, ceramics, cargo and
construction.
Egypt, Ethiopia, Jordan, Algeria,
Yemen and Ghana are also important
destinations of Turkish direct
investment, while initiatives by Turkish
businessmen in Somalia contribute
significantly to her economic recovery.
Table-8 Turkish Direct Investment
Destinations (2012, million USD)
COUNTRYDIRECT INVESTMENT
(MILLION )
Albania5.00
Bosnia-Herzegovina
7.00
Macedonia
12.00
Serbia
7.00
Ukraine
12.00
Europe, Regional
103.00
Egypt
20.00
Libya2.00
Morocco18.00
Tunusia3.00
Eritrea1.00
Senegal6.00
Iran2.00
Iraq20.00
Jordan1.00
Azerbaijan373.00
Georgia12.00
India25.00
Kazakhstan56.00
Pakistan19.00
Turkmenistan 1.00
Uzbekistan1.00
China18.00
North Korea
2.00
Malaysia9.00
TOTAL735.00
1.D.2. Development Assistance by Non-governmental Organizations
Human beings engage in various
struggles as an inevitable result of living
together. It is of essential importance
that feeling, seeing and acting jointly
lead to success in such efforts. Free
people who come together for certain
purposes combine their energies to
common ends and lay the democratic
groundwork to have the final say for
their future. These fora are named civil
society in general and chamber, society,
foundation, union, interest group or
initiative in particular.
In line with the recent Turkish foreign
policy, Turkish NGOs, deeply rooted
in centuries of charitable foundations
tradition, play a significant role in
Turkish development assistance in
a multitude of geographies across
the globe. Turkish NGOs engage in
assistance activities of accommodation,
health, clothing, food in situations of
humanitarian crisis as well as post-crisis
activities of education, vocational
training, cultural and health aid etc. to
heal disaster victims.
Assistance by Turkish nongovernmental organizations was first
reported in 2005, standing at 199.52
million USD in 2011 and went down
to 111.65 million USD by a loss of
44% year on year.
On the other hand, Turkish public
entities provided 39.43 million USD
of funds to NGOs. The said funds
on top of NGOs’ own funds meant
a total of 151.08 million USD of
assistance fielded by our NGOs.
Assistance by NGOs in 2012 was
classified as 89.10 million USD in
technical cooperation and programme
assistance, 54.80 million USD in
emergency and humanitarian aid, and
7.18 million USD in administrative
costs.
105.68
151.08
199.52
Chart-20 Assistance by Non-governmental Organizations
(2009-2012, million USD)
109.00
1.
2.
3.
4.
Africa is the leading recipient of NGO
assistance, with Somalia, Sudan and
Niger leading recipients in 2012 as in
earlier years. Assistance engagement by
Turkish NGOs is welcomed across the
world serving as a standing proof of
altruism of Turkish people.
The recent developments in Syria
causing distress and dislocation to many
people triggered Turkish NGOs into
action to provide humanitarian aid.
Pakistan and Bangladesh were similarly
fields of action by Turkish NGOs on
account of natural disasters on one side,
and political and religious instability on
the other.
AMERICAS
1.04
3.42
FAR EAST
EUROPE
AFRICA
MIDDLE EAST
SOUTH AND
CENTRAL ASIA
8.47
27.54
42.07
68.54
Chart-21 Assistance by Non-governmental Organizations by Region (million USD)
2.15
3.67
BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA
AFGHANISTAN
3.70
IRAQ
2.22
3.97
KYRGYZSTAN
KENYA
3.98
UGANDA
2.24
4.33
ETHIOPIA
LEBANON
4.69
AZERBAIJAN
2.33
5.58
BANGLADESH
EGYPT
5.81
PAKISTAN
9.25
NIGER
10.96
SUDAN
PALESTINE
SYRIA
SOMALIA
13.12
19.97
26.41
Chart-22 Largest Recipients of NGO Assistance (2012, million USD)
1.
2.
3.
4.
Chart-23 Non-governmental Organizations Providing Largest Aid
(2012, million USD)
IHH
TOBB
ADANA DOSTELLER [FRIENDLY HANDS]
24.96
0.27
3.34
BESHIR SOCIAL SOCIETY OF AID AND SOLIDARITY
0.61
BILKENT UNIVERSITY
0.52
BISEG
3.80
CANSUYU [LIFE WATER] SOCIETY OF AID AND SOLIDARITY
7.40
DOST ELI [FRIEND’S HAND] SOCIETY OF AID AND SOLIDARITY
ESAFED
16.28
0.28
KIMSE YOK MU [ANYBODY THERE] SOCIETY OF AID AND SOLIDARITY
45.00
KUTUP YILDIZI [POLAR STAR] SOCIETY OF HEALTH VOLUNTEERS
0.28
RIDA UA SOCIETY OF AID TO ORPHANS AND NEEDY
0.71
SADAKATASHI SOCIETY
1.53
TURKISH WORLD RESEARCH FOUNDATION
TURKISH RELIGIOUS FOUNDATION
8.23
3.35
YARDIMELI [HELPING HAND] SOCIETY
8.28
SOCIETY OF DOCTORS OF EARTH SOCIETY OF DOCTORS OF EARTH.
7.36
YUNUS EMRE FOUNDATION
TÜRKMENELI FOUNDATION OF COOPERATION AND CULTURE
12.75
2.42
Years of armed conflicts in many
countries and adverse climate pose grave
difficulties for human living conditions
and serious obstacles to development in
Africa. Accordingly, NGOs engaging in
Africa concentrate on projects to ease
daily human life, including mainly those
on food aid, water supply and health.
Food aid is usually delivered by setting
up soup kitchens, free delivery of hot
meals, distributing sacrifice shares and
food packages.
On the other hand, the decline in
water sources further reduces fresh,
potable water reserves posing a global
threat. Keen on fostering water sources
vitally important for environmental
sustainability, NGOs implemented
significant projects in Africa and Middle
East countries, Bangladesh, Pakistan
and Afghanistan. A large part of such
projects involve drilling of many water
wells of medium-to-deep range.
NGOs also conducted large scale health
screening and surgical operations in
recipient countries, including cataract,
hernia, birth, cancer, brain surgery,
orthopedic and orthodontic, as well
as supply of medicines and medical
supplies. Assistance was also provided
for renovation and repair of hospitals
and supply of medical equipment.
Training was delivered to many health
staff including mainly physicians. The
following section gives examples of
busiest Turkish NGOs.
1.
2.
3.
4.
HUMANITARIAN AID FOUNDATION (IHH)
Food packages for asylum seekers
in Macedonia, Mali, Palestine, Yemen,
Bangladesh, Sudan, Chad, Iraq
2,250 baby care packages, 12,400
blankets, 6,700 hygiene packs, 10,000
heaters, 1,750 flood lamps, 5,000
refrigerators and 180 shopping cards
Clothing: Palestine, Bangladesh,
Pakistan, Afghanistan, Albania, Ethiopia,
Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Iraq, BosniaHerzegovina.
Health screening: Sierra Leone,
Tunisia, Afghanistan, Ethiopia, Ghana, Sri
Lanka, Afghanistan, Kenya.
Under African Cataract Project
(2012), at a cataract treatment camp
established in Sudan’s Nile province,
eye screening for 5,000 persons and 400
surgeries; cataract surgeries for 200 in
Somalia and 1,100 in Ethiopia
Pakistan: Supply of 4 dialysis
equipment to Muzaffargarh public
hospital and 4 dialysis equipment to
Skardu public hospital
Renovation and furnishing of schools:
Sierra Leone 1, Pakistan 3, BosniaHerzegovina 1, Tanzania 1
School construction: Somalia,
Tanzania, Sudan and Kenya
Scholarships to needy students:
Bosnia-Herzegovina, Albania, Pakistan,
Palestine
Aid to 20,214 orphans in 16 countries
under the orphan support project
Food aid distribution in 18 countries:
Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Afghanistan,
Albania, Equatorial Guinea, Somalia,
Tajikistan, Macedonia, Kosovo, Serbia,
Pakistan, Mauritania, Algeria, Chad,
Bangladesh, Hungary, Ethiopia and
Somalia
Drilling of 73 water wells: Afghanistan
4, Bangladesh 15, Jammu Kashmir 46,
Somalia 1, Chad 1, Cameroon 1, Sudan 1,
Burkina Faso 1, Kenya 1, Tanzania 1 and
Mali 1
Aid to asylum seekers from Arakan:
Emergency food of 35,000 Euro
to asylum seekers taking refuge in
Bangladesh
Food of 50,000 Euro during Ramadan
Food packages to 16,000 families in
camps
Circumcision for 4,100 children
Construction of 200-unit housing
complex in Gaza for families who lost
homes in the war
Emergency medicine aid to Gaza
Sri Lanka: Construction and
commissioning of 3 health stations and 1
special school for mentally handicapped
children in various regions of
Macedonia: Construction of a TV
studio for broadcast
Somalia: Provision of training to 20
midwives at Hargeisa Manhal Specialized
Hospital by a Turkish medical team of 8
persons.
1.
2.
3.
4.
SOCIETY OF DOCTORS OF EARTH
Medicine Aid:
Medicine of 8 million USD to Syria;
medicine of 0.5 million USD, 1,100 bleeding
stopper dressing kits, 35 special surgical and
orthopedics sets to Syrian guests in Antioch
Somalia: 8 tons of medical supplies,
patient elevators, hospital beds, water
reservoir and morgue, various medicine
Surgical operations and medical
examinations:
Gaza: 248 operations, 1,623 examinations
Yemen: 67 operations, 176 examinations
Somalia: 53 operations
Medical examinations for 25 Syrians
and 11 plastic surgical operations in two
hospitals in Tripoli
Palestine, Gaza: Establishing the microsurgery unit; establishing a center for
treatment of burns and semi-burns, and
training a medical team
Filistin Gazze şeridinde yanık ve yara
vakalarının tedavisi için merkez kurulması ve
bu tıbbi ekibin eğitimini.
Yemen: Traumatology center project,
plastic surgery project
Trauma surgery project: Libya, Lebanon,
Yemen
Examinations for Syrian guests in
Lebanon
Transporting and treating in Turkey
injured people from Gaza and Syria
Somalia: To 62-bed Shifa Hospital
operated by Doctors of Earth, assignment
of 73 medical staff, supply of 2 ambulances,
and performance of about 500 medical
examinations, 20 births and 10 surgical
operations on daily average
Lebanon: Mobile clinic project
establishing a triage center and mobile
clinics along Syrian border
Somalia, Tilaberi: Establishment of Koria
Haoussa Health and Nutrition Center,
assignment of 1 physician, 3 nurses, 1
midwife, 1 dietician and 1 pharmacist
Sacrifice Donations:
Distribution of 9,777 sacrifice shares
in Kenya, Democratic Republic of Congo,
Somalia and Niger; sacrifice donating
organization in Niamey
“Health Spring in Brotherly Geographies”:
Lebanon: 450,000 boxes of medicine of
6.7 million USD;
Yemen: 506 surgical operations and 147
medical examinations by 22 volunteers in
Sana’a, Hadramout and Mahweet cities
Setting up 3 volunteer medical teams
of 10 person each to perform 8 surgical
operations and 1,066 medical examinations
for Syrian guests taking refuge along
Lebanese border
Azerbaijan: 65 plastic surgical operations,
7 urology operations and more than 150
examinations in Shamkir public hospital
Yemen: Organizing three medical
conferences in 2012 namely Yemen Surgery
Congress, Yemen Cardiovascular Surgery
Congress, Yemen Dental Congress in the
context of scientific cooperation and
assistance
Lebanon: Establishing a 7/24 triage
center in March 2012 in Whade Khalid
region in cooperation with IMA Lebanon to
handle injuries and refer firearm wounds to
most suitable hospitals; equipping the center
with necessary medicals; and assigning 1
physical, 1 paramedic and 1 ambulance
driver.
1.
2.
3.
4.
KIMSE YOK MU [ANYBODY THERE?] SOCIETY OF AID AND SOLIDARITY
Palestine, Gaza: In the aid campaign
launched for Gaza,
distribution of 59,471 sacrifice shares to
180,000 needy families in 145 countries
repair of 15 homes, cookers and gas
containers to 100 families, blankets to
200 families, food aid to 1,120 families,
diapers and milk to 1,750 children, cash
aid, aid to 500 orphans, donation of 3
dialysis equipment;
United States: Hot meals and food
packages for 25,000 victims of Hurricane
Sandy
under the Cataract Project, more
than 12,000 cataract surgical operations
performed by 53 volunteer physicians and
17 paramedics
Hospital construction in Mogadishu,
Somalia; Malindi, Kenya; Harhar, Ethiopia;
Jintao, Uganda
Water well drilling in Burkina Faso,
Cameroon, Niger, Pakistan, Senegal,
Somalia and Sudan.
Academic year 2011-2012 education
assistance:
Scholarships to 289 high school and
230 university students from Somalia
for education in Turkey, 36 high school
and 10 university students from Uganda
for education in Turkey, 48 Egyptian
university students for education in
Egypt, 19 Sudanese university students
for education in Sudan
Under the Orphan Aid Programme,
assistance to children in Afghanistan,
Gaza, Nepal, Tanzania, Bangladesh, South
Sudan, Central African Republic, Burundi,
Benin, Djibouti, Senegal, Pakistan,
Cape Verde, Comoros Islands, Somalia,
Bangladesh, Indonesia, Myanmar, Sudan,
Ethiopia, Palestine and Uganda
School construction ongoing in
Afghanistan (2), Somalia, Kenya, Ethiopia,
Uganda and Sudan
Construction of dormitory buildings
and soup kitchens in Somalia, Kenya,
Ethiopia and Uganda
Ramadan assistance in 60 countries
ranging from Myanmar to Somalia, Niger
to Indonesia, Kazakhstan to Albania;
Bangladesh: 5,200 food packages
Haiti: Durable food packages to 400
families, food aid to 5,000 families in
Croix des Bouqouets, 200 families in
Thomarzeu, 300 families in Carrefour and
300 families in Petionville
For Syrian guests in Turkey:
27,592 food packages, 392 tons of
potatoes, 729 tons of flour, 75,176
blankets, 50 tents and 2,828 beds, 34,278
packs of diaper, 7,750 liters of liquid soap
and 14,459 hygiene packs
Kilis: 24 mobile toilets, 30 mobile
showers, 10 garbage containers and 1
playground, establishment of a medical
center treating 150 persons a day
Gaziantep: Hot meals to 1,000 persons
daily by the mobile soup kitchen.
1.
2.
3.
4.
TURKISH WORLD RESEARCH FOUNDATION
The Turkish World Research Foundation
has actively been engaged in educational
activities for more than 30 years.
Highlights of its activities in 2012
include education for:
67 students, including preparatory class,
in Social Sciences and Education Faculty
of Economics and Entrepreneurship
University, 366 students in Turkish
World Management Faculty, 70 students
in Turkish World Kizilorda Korkut Ata
High School 565 students in Turkish
World Baku Management Faculty, 534
students in Turkish World Baku Atatürk
High School.
CANSUYU [LIFE WATER] AID AND SOLIDARITY SOCIETY
Food Aid: Food aid packages to
the following numbers of families
in the following countries: 8,000 in
Afghanistan; 500 in Comoros Islands;
600 in Mali; 350 in Benin; 250 in Togo,
600 in Azerbaijan; 500 in Cambodia; 200
in Vietnam; 300 in Brazil; 800 in Guyana;
900 in Surinam; 1,000 in Gaza; 500 in
Georgia; 1,000 in Niger; 750 in Burkina
Faso; 780 in Lebanon; 350 in Iraq; 1,000
in Pakistan; 5,000 in Arakan; 600 in
Ethiopia.
Dispatch to Gaza, Palestine 20 truckloads of medicine, food and winter
clothes. Distribution of sacrifice shares
in Togo, Ethiopia, Pankisi Gorge on
the border of Georgia and Chechnya,
Somalia, Gaza, Myanmar and Benin.
Water wells: Drilling 325 water wells
with 85 in Somalia, 5 in Senegal, 5 in
Côte d’Ivoire, 28 in Ghana, 28 in Togo,
22 in Burkina Faso, 25 in Sierra Leone,
38 in Mali, 7 in Benin, 9 in Niger, 36 in
Cameroon, 7 in Central African Republic,
5 in Chad, 15 in Ethiopia, 10 in Liberia.
Following the flood disaster in the
Philippines, conducting medical surveys
by 7 physicians, 35 family physicians
and nurses in Upper Hinaplanon district;
supply of potable water with 2 tanker
trucks; distribution of food aid packages,
and delivery of cash aid.
TURKISH RELIGIOUS FOUNDATION
The Turkish Religious Foundation
engages in a multitude of activities
including mainly education, culture,
social, construction and publicity. The
Foundation continued in 2012 to cover
expenses of course books, stationery,
repair, maintenance, utilities and salaries
of teachers seconded from Turkey for
the educational institutions opened by
the Foundation in Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan
and Kyrgyzstan. By the end of 2012,
3,540 students graduated from these high
schools and colleges established in the
1990s. Faculties of religious sciences in
Baku, Azerbaijan, Osh, Kyrgyzstan and
Kazakhstan are among the recipients of
aid.
Bosnia-Herzegovina, Sarajevo: Support to
a radio channel
Somalia, Mogadishu: Repair and
maintenance of Sheikh Sufi School
building
Scholarships, clothing, health and
stationery assistance to high school
students from Somalia hosted in Turkey.
Covering the educational expenses of
1,531 foreign students hosted in Turkey
Distribution of 56,943 sacrifice shares in
Azerbaijan, Afghanistan, Belarus, Ethiopia,
Iraq, Mali, Mongolia, Kyrgyzstan, Niger,
Pakistan, Senegal, Sudan, Somalia, Uganda,
Tanzania, Rwanda, Bangladesh and Haiti
Clothing, food and various aid to human
beings trying to survive the humanitarian
crisis in Arakan, Myanmar.
1.
2.
3.
4.
DOSTELLER [FRIENDLY HANDS] SOCIETY OF AID AND SOLIDARITY
Under “Bread for Syria” campaign: food,
clothing, blankets, beds and heating
stoves for 10,000 in Syria
Kazakhstan: Circumcision for 150
children
Tanzania, Zanzibar Island: Establishing
3 schools, and drilling 5 water wells
Palestine, Gaza: Repair of 20 damaged
homes
Mongolia: Construction of a culture
center
Drilling of 39 water wells in Niger, and
2 wells in Tanzania
Macedonia: Food aid to 1,000 persons in
Valandova and Usturumca regions
Distribution of 700 sacrifice shares and
food aid to asylum seekers from Arakan
living in camps in Bangladesh
Food aid distributed in Macedonia, Syria,
Bosnia-Herzegovina, Mongolia, Niger,
Zimbabwe and Mauritania.
YARDIMELİ [HELPING HAND] SOCIETY
Assistance to Syrian guests: Such daily
needs as food, medicine, diapers, baby
food, cleaning materials, blankets and
bed linen (5 truck-loads), wheelchairs, 30
portable special beds for gravely ill and
people with disabilities, winter clothing
Palestine, Gaza: Medicine, food, blankets
and emergency materials to families
including mainly those of martyrs and
injured
Somalia: Construction of Maternity and
Children’s Hospital
Somalia, Mogadishu: Performing 800
surgical operations monthly using the
donated equipment at Manhal Eye
Hospital
Bangladesh: Food aid of 172 tons to
Arakan refugee camps, cash aid to
orphanages
Sudan, Khartoum: 120 beds, 120 pillows,
2 playgrounds, kitchen equipment and
utensils
Pakistan: Construction of homes under
Eyup Sultan Village Project following the
floods
Distribution of sacrifice shares
in Tanzania, Bosnia, Mauritania,
Tatarstan, Azerbaijan, Somalia,
Palestine, Bangladesh, Bulgaria, Malawi,
Kazakhstan, Afghanistan, Kyrgyzstan,
Ethiopia, Sudan, Pakistan, Lebanon and
Myanmar
Drilling of water wells in Somalia, Sudan
and Pakistan.
1.
2.
3.
4.
YUNUS EMRE FOUNDATION
Yunus Emre Foundation is a public
foundation established by law to
promote Turkey, Turkish cultural
heritage, Turkish language, culture and
arts, foster Turkish friendship with other
countries and cultural exchange. The
Foundation implements its activities of
culture, education and training, scientific
research and application through
institutes and Turkish culture centers.
Countries where the Foundation
established institutes: BosniaHerzegovina, Albania, Egypt, Macedonia,
Kazakhstan, Kosovo Romania, Iran,
Lebanon, Jordan and Georgia.
BİLKENT UNIVERSITY
Bilkent University organized 124 courses
where 1,875 trainees received training
from 1995 to 2012 for students from
Turkic states and relative and other
communities.
Trainees from Iraq and Kazakhstan
received training, with 72 persons in
2011 and 69 persons in 2012, whose
expenses of accommodation, food,
training, travel and stationery were
covered by the University.
Bilkent University has also been
organizing various conventions since
2006, the seventh of which was held in
25-28 September 2012 at Macedonia
University at Salonika with 48
participants.
1.
2.
3.
4.
2. TURKISH OFFICIAL DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE 2012 BY REGION AND COUNTRY
2.A. BREAKDOWN BY REGION
Turkish bilateral official development
assistance in 2012 reached 2,422.5 million
USD almost doubling the 1,226.21 million
USD reported in 2011. Turkish 2012
figure represented a 95% increase on
2011, with the 2011 figure being a 33%
increase on the previous year. Syrian
guests as described in the emergency aid
section definitely accounted for a major
part of such significant increase recently
in Turkish bilateral ODA. Accordingly,
the Middle East was the largest recipient
of Turkish bilateral ODA in 2012
followed by Africa, which ranked third
in 2011.
South and Central Asia which ranked
first in 2011 receded to the third largest
recipient at 136 million USD although
the assistance did not notably decrease
from 2011 to 2012.
The Middle East, as the largest recipient
region, received 1.124,24 million USD
of Turkish bilateral ODA, followed by
Africa at 749.47 million USD. Balkans and
East Europe received 87.83 million USD.
Please see Chart 24 for the distribution
of Turkish bilateral development
assistance.
Turkish bilateral ODA in 2012 exceeded
2.4 billion USD almost doubling on the previous year.
10.79
2.42
0.06
FAR EAST
AMERICAS
OTHER
AFRICA
BALKANS AND
EAST EUROPE
MIDDLE EAST
SOUTH AND
CENTRAL ASIA
TOTAL
87.83
447.69
749.47
1,124.24
2,422.50
Grafik-24 Bilateral Official Development Assistance by Region (2012, million USD)
2.B. BREAKDOWN BY COUNTRY
Syria was the largest recipient of Turkish
bilateral ODA in 2012 at 1,019.93 million
USD, largely on account of Syrian guests
who fled their country in large numbers
from March 2011 in the wake of civil
unrest triggered by the so-called “Arab
Spring”.
Egypt was the second largest recipient
of assistance in 2012 with 503.92 million
USD in aid, 500 million USD of which
was a concessional loan made available
by Turkey to Egypt.
Turkey continued in 2012 to support
the reconstruction of Afghanistan by
assistance amounting to 151.75 million
USD making her the third largest
recipient.
A large part of 105.51 million USD of
Turkish assistance to Kyrgyzstan was
the funding support to Turkish-Kyrgyz
Manas University, as well as project
funding to public sector projects
implemented by Kyrgyz public entities.
Turkey extended her helping hand, as
she always did, to human beings trying to
survive the difficult conditions in Africa
including mainly Somalia and Sudan.
Annex 1 gives the ODA recipient list of
OECD-DAC; and Annex 2 lists recipient
countries and quantities of Turkish aid.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Chart-25 Largest Recipients of Turkish Aid (2012, million USD)
SYRIA
1,019.93
503.92
EGYPT
151.75
AFGHANISTAN
KYRGYZSTAN
SOMALIA
105.51
86.61
SUDAN
62.29
TUNISIA
60.39
PALESTINE
51.23
KAZAKHSTAN
50.17
BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA
21.30
KOSOVO
20.00
IRAQ
19.39
AZERBAIJAN
19.36
TURKMENISTAN
12.89
GEORGIA
12.37
IRAN
12.80
MACEDONIA
12.08
MYANMAR
10.62
5.20
UZBEKISTAN
6.28
MONGOLIA
10.64
PAKISTAN
10.62
12.37
GEORGIA
MYANMAR
12.89
TURKMENISTAN
AZERBAIJAN
KAZAKHSTAN
KYRGYZSTAN
AFGHANISTAN
19.36
50.17
105.51
151.75
Chart-26 Largest Recipients of Turkish Aid in South and Central Asia
(2012, million USD)
2.75
MONTENEGRO
4.28
MOLDOVA
4.94
UKRAINE
6.03
SERBIA
ALBANIA
MACEDONIA
KOSOVO
7.89
12.08
20.00
21.30
Chart-27 Largest Recipients of Turkish Aid in Balkans and East Europe (2012, million USD)
BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA
1.
2.
3.
4.
4.08
3.83
3.10
2.96
2.22
1.86
1.60
1.12
ETHIOPIA
LIBYA
NIGER
SENEGAL
ERITREA
MAURITANIA
KENYA
60.39
TUNUSIA
COMOROS
62.29
86.61
SUDAN
SOMALIA
EGYPT
503.92
Chart-28 Largest Recipients of Turkish Aid in Africa (2012, million USD)
1.
2.
3.
4.
2.C. ASSISTANCE TO LEAST DEVELOPED COUNTRIES
Least Developed Countries (LDCs) is
a definition introduced by the United
Nations in 1971. The definition refers
to a country which has fundamental
structural challenges to development. To
qualify as an LDC, a country should meet
all three of the following criteria:
Per capita income criterion, based
on a three-year average estimate of the
gross national income per capita, with a
threshold of 992 USD for possible cases
of addition to the list, and a threshold
of 1,190 USD for graduation from LDC
status;
Human assets criterion, involving a
composite index based on indicators
of nutrition, health, life expectancy,
education and adult literacy ratio;
Economic vulnerability criterion,
involving a composite index based on
indicators of instability of agricultural
production and exports of goods and
services, share of manufacturing and
services in the economy, merchandise
export concentration, and other
shortages in economic activity.
A further threshold of 75 million
population was introduced; and the
recent ranking done in the year 2012
included 49 LDCs in the list (see
Table 9). To be included in the list, a
country should qualify all three criteria
above, and to graduate out of the status,
move above the threshold in at least
two of the criteria. Only three countries
have so far graduated from LDC status:
Botswana in December 1994, Cape
Verde in December 2007, and Maldives in
January 2011.
A large majority of LDCs are 35 African
countries, with the rest distributed as
8 in Asia, 5 in the Pacific region and 1
in the Americas (Haiti). Most LDCs are
either island states or land-locked states.
Despite the threshold of 75 million of
population, 10.7% (614 million) of the
global population live in LDCs, whereas
only 0.5% of the global product comes
from LDCs.
Table-9 Least Developed Countries (2012)
COUNTRY
1. Afghanistan
2. Angola
3. Bangladesh
4. Benin
5. Bhutan
6. Burkina Faso
7. Burundi
8. Cambodia
9. Central African Republic
10. Chad
11. Comoros
12. Congo (Democratic Republic of the)
13. Djibouti
14. Equatorial Guinea
15. Eritrea
16. Ethiopia
17. Gambia
18. Guinea
19. Guinea-Bissau
20. Haiti
21. Kiribati
22. Lao People’s Democratic Rep.
23. Lesotho
24. Liberia
25. Madagascar
26. Malawi
27. Mali
28. Mauritania
29. Mozambique
30. Myanmar
31. Nepal
32. Niger
33. Rwanda
34. Samoa
35. Sao Tome and Principe
36. Senegal
37. Sierra Leone
38. Solomon Islands
39. Somalia
40. Sudan
41. South Sudan
42. Timor-Leste
43. Togo
44. Tuvalu
45. Uganda
46. United Rep. of Tanzania
47. Vanuatu
48. Yemen
49. Zambia
1.
2.
3.
4.
Turkey has acted actively and sensitively
on the issue of LDCs. Turkish action
on LDCs in recent years included the
hosting of LDC Ministers of Foreign
Affairs in July 2007 in Istanbul; a theme
meeting on “Trade and Development for
African LDCs” in March 2008 in Izmir;
and the hosting of the Fourth United
Nations Conference on LDCs in Istanbul
in May 2011. Turkey is a leading country
in LDC-associated efforts, including
donations by Turkish public entities,
private sector and NGOs exceeding
1 billion USD to date.
Leading LDC Recipients of Turkish
Assistance (2012, million USD)
Afghanistan151.75
Somalia86.61
Sudan62.29
Myanmar10.62
Yemen4.52
Comoros Islands4.08
Ethiopia3.83
Niger2.96
Turkey strives to make a difference in
the lives of millions living in poverty
in the world. Turkish assistance to
LDCs from 2008 through 2012 totaled
1,053.53 million USD.
Senegal2.22
Eritrea1.86
Bangladesh1.68
Mauritania1.6
Uganda1.6
Turkish assistance to Least Developed Countries
(LDCs) from 2008 through 2012 exceeded
1 billion USD.
TOTAL
337.27
279.81
156.55
108.20
171.70
1,053.53
Chart-29 Assistance to LDCs (2012, million USD)
1.
2.
3.
4.
3. TURKISH OFFICIAL DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE 2012 BY AGENCY
Chart-30 Assistance by Public Entities (2012, million USD)
OFFICE FOR COORDINATING
SYRIAN GUEST AFFAIRS
979.38
185.34
TIKA
134.91
TURKISH ARMED FORCES
TURKISH NATIONAL
POLICE
94.36
MONE
64.88
MANAS UNIVERSITY
62.23
UNDERSECRETARIAT OF
TREASURY
61.72
HIGHER EDUCATION LOANS AND
DORMITORIES AGENCY
43.22
TOKI
43.01
AFAD
38.56
AHMET YESEVI UNIVERSITY
30.87
MINISTRY OF HEALTH
29.84
TRT
14.49
TURKISH RED CRESCENT
5.34
PRESIDENCY OF TURKS LIVING ABROAD
AND RELATIVE COMMUNITIES
5.21
The chart above depicts the amount
of bilateral assistance delivered by
the public entities, excluding the
concessional loan of 500 million USD to
Egypt through the Undersecretariat of
Treasury.
For Turkish multilateral assistance in
the form of dues and contributions to
international organizations in 2012, the
Undersecretariat of Treasury delivered
57.85 million USD while the Ministry of
Foreign Affairs did 44.93 million USD in
official development assistance.
OFFICE FOR COORDINATING
SYRIAN GUEST AFFAIRS
Turkey has effectively implemented
an “open-door policy” for Syrians who
have left their country since April 2011
after the onset of civil unrest, with
tens of thousands of Syrians entering
the Turkish territory. The emergency
was effectively responded by a fullscale mobilization of the Turkish
public administration apparatus with
governorships, municipalities, AFAD,
Ministries of Health, Finance, Foreign
Affairs, Interior, Environment and
Urbanization, National Education, Family
and Social Policies, Food, Agriculture
and Livestock, Turkish Armed Forces,
TOKI, Department of Religious Affairs
and Turkish Red Crescent with central
and field units devoting a significant part
of their resources to the effort, all staff
working around the clock. The data on
the highly fluid situation were reported
to AFAD Provincial Directorates. All
these efforts were collectively recorded
under the Office for Coordinating
Syrian Guest Affairs.
1.
2.
3.
4.
TURKISH COOPERATION AND
COORDINATION AGENCY (TIKA)
Turkey mobilizes its means and
resources rooted in a tradition of
common good and sense of solidarity,
and subscribes to human-oriented
approach to global peace, security and
prosperity. In this context, TIKA is the
leading agency that coordinates Turkish
development assistance.
Having traditionally concentrated on
programme assistance and technical
cooperation activities, TIKA engaged and
continued 1,400 country projects and
activities in 2012 for the benefit of 76
countries. On regional basis, it engaged
in 479 projects and activities. TIKA
also extended Turkish helping hand to
peoples of 20 more countries no in the
ODA recipient list of OECD-DAC.
Programme Coordination Offices (PCOs)
TIKA’s overseas efforts are fielded
through Programme Coordination
Offices (PCOs). Opening new offices
to outreach all parts of the world, TIKA
had 34 PCOs as at the end of 2012.
Myanmar Office is scheduled to open
early 2013. Annex 3 gives a list and
contact information for all TIKA PCOs.
TIKA delivered 185 million USD of
assistance in 2012, making it the largest
Turkish aid agency excluding the Office
for Coordinating Syrian Guest Affairs.
The following are selected examples of
projects engaged by TIKA in 2012.
TIKA delivered 185 million USD of
assistance in 2012, making it the largest
Turkish aid agency excluding the Office
for Coordinating Syrian Guest Affairs.
TIKA delivered 185 million USD of assistance in
2012, making it the largest Turkish aid agency
excluding the Office for Coordinating Syrian
Guest Affairs.
Large Educational Institutions
Constructed:
Kazakhstan: Construction of Talgar
Kazakh-Turkish High School with 16
classrooms and Dormitory, now 142
already in education
Afghanistan: Construction and
furnishing of Kabul University service
building comprising 9 classrooms,
meeting room, lounge, 157-seat
conference hall, 9 instructor’s rooms,
language and computer laboratory and
library
Afghanistan, Kabul: Construction
and furnishing of Mustafa Demirkıran
Continuous Education Center that
makes it possible to provide in-service
training to 90 trainers annually
Bosnia-Herzegovina, Travnik:
Construction of Elchi Ibrahim Pasha
Madrasah
Serbia, Novi Pazar: Construction of
Primary School
Travnik Elchi Ibrahim Pasha Madrasah – Bosnia-Herzegovina
1.
2.
3.
4.
Education Sector Repair and Equipping
Projects:
Bosnia-Herzegovina: Modernization of
Sarajevo schools, equipping of dormitory
for Gorazde Mufti’s Office, renovation
and equipping of Kiseljak Zabrde school,
renovation of Reshad Kadic Primary
School.
Kosovo: Equipping of student
dormitories, renovation of Prizren
University
Macedonia: Renovation of school
building in Studenican municipality,
Tsvetova village; construction of school
building for Gostivar municipality, Upper
Banitsa village; renovation of Murat
Labunishti Primary School; furnishing of
Ghazi Baba student dormitory in Skopje
Ukraine: Renovation of Zaretsnoye
Children’s Music School, Dimitrovka
village Middle School, Belogorsk
Preschool and Aromatnoye village
Preschool, school building at Satilik Haci
village.
Yemen: Furnishing of Vocational High
School
Reshad Kadic Primary School - Bosnia-Herzegovina
Georgia: Furnishing of Tivi School,
renovation of Batumi 10th Public
School, renovation and repair of sports
hall of Georgia Kosali School, equipping
of Tbilisi dormitory
Montenegro, Rojaye: Renovation of 30
September High School, renovation of
Montenegro Science High School sports
hall.
Montenegro Science High School - Montenegro
Montenegro Science High School - Montenegro
Bangladesh: Furnishing and fully
equipping of Turkey-Bangladesh Brotherly
Computer Laboratory comprising 50
computer units; distribution of 40
computer units to schools in slum towns
within Cox’s Bazar municipality.
Vocational Education Projects:
Assistance was provided to the
construction of vocational training
centers in such countries as Albania,
Uzbekistan and Somalia. The most
significant project was implemented
in Palestine where a specific building
was constructed for the “Academic and
Vocational Education for Incapacitated
People – the Will Project”. This school
provides training on maintenance of
computers and mobile devices, graphical
design, carpentry, glass works, ceramics,
wood carving and painting and bookbinding. In 2012, 400 people completed
training and certified.
Materials and technical equipment was
provided to centers in Yemen, Uganda,
Burkina Faso, Tajikistan and Georgia.
Sudan might be cited as the leading
example where the entire technical
equipment was supplied by TIKA for
the Vocational and Technical Training
Center built on a land of 5,000m2. The
center engages in a wide variety of
activities, and boasts 6 workshops, 1
computer laboratory, 1 library, 1 tourism
restaurant and practical training hotel.
Vocational and Technical Training Center – Sudan
863 persons from 23 countries received training
in numerous vocational training programmes in
Turkey and own countries.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Health Sector Projects:
TIKA assisted the construction or repair
of 65 hospitals/polyclinics in 2011-12.
The number of furnished and equipped
hospitals/polyclinics for the same period
is 65.
Kyrgyzstan: In the context of
reconstruction works for the southern
region of the country, constriction,
furnishing and medically equipping a
polyclinic building with capacity for 150
patients in Osh city
Sudan: Construction of 196-bed Nyala
Hospital Complex.
Afghanistan: Construction and repair
of 22 hospitals and clinics in 201012; additionally, health services being
provided in Sheberghan, Maymana,
Taloqan and Hodja Bahauddin clinics
and Atatürk Children’s Hospital, so far
serving more than 1 million people under
TIKA assisted health services
Palestine, Tubas city: Construction
and equipping of 30-bed “Tubas Turkish
Hospital”
Ambulance donations: Total 31 in
2012, with Africa 19, Afghanistan 5,
Yemen 2, Kosovo 5 bringing the overall
figure since 2008 to 100
Sudan: Hosting in Turkey the
management staff of the Midwife
Training Center repaired by TIKA for
solving infant deaths in Sudan; and
providing training to 35 midwives from 7
African countries
Nyala Hospital - Sudan
Pakistan, Muzaffargarh: Construction
of a 50-bed hospital
Uzbekistan: Plastic surgery operations
for 88 children and medical examinations
for 160 children in 2012; the total
since 2009 amounting to 860 children
examined and 276 children operated
Supporting 18 meetings in various
branches of medicine in 2012, forming
an exchange platform for knowledge
and experience of 255 scientists from
Central Asia, Balkans, Africa and Middle
East
Moldova, Gagauzia: Renovation and
equipping of Vulkaneshti Regional
Hospital.
Water is the source of life:
303 water wells were drilled in total,
with Niger 80 (of which 60 in Maradi),
Ethiopia 27, Sudan 41, Burkina Faso 78,
Mali 30, other West African countries 30
and Somalia 17.
Afghanistan: In the context of
reconstruction of the country,
implementation of many water and
sanitation projects including the drilling
of 200 water wells by 2012 serving
600,000 people.
303 water wells were drilled in total, with Niger
80 (of which 60 in Maradi), Ethiopia 27, Sudan
41, Burkina Faso 78, Mali 30, other West
African countries 30 and Somalia 17.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Bosnia-Herzegovina: Water supply
project for Vlasinje village of 1,200
population, where water problem was
solved by constructing water supply line
of 1 km and associated facilities
Georgia: Potable water project
involving the drill of wells in 18
villages and supplying water to central
distribution points at each village, thus
supplying potable water to more than
30,000 people in various locations
Georgia, Candar village: Repair of the
irrigation duct rebuilding 2km of it with
concrete to irrigate 120 hectares of
agricultural land enabling several crops
a year.
Moldova, Gagauzia: Supply of potable
and non-potable water for 24,000 people
Macedonia, Jupa municipality:
Completion of the potable water
project solving the water problem of the
region through 2030
Ukraine: Drilling of water well for
1,100 people of Simferopol province,
Prudovoye village; and building a water
reservoir and drilling of water well for
Odessa city, Ivanovka village
Palestine, Gaza: To repair the water
supply infrastructure damaged in the
wars, 18 projects initiated including
the building of 15 water wells and
22km-long supply line, repair of waste
water network, construction of water
reservoirs and storm water collection
lines
Lebanon: Comprehensive water
project implemented for Aidamoun,
El-Quashra, El-Birre towns involving
construction of water network,
reservoirs and water wells with 40kmlong supply network built
Sudan: To assist solving the
potable water problem, a threephase development programme was
launched in 2011. At the first phase,
a “Geophysical and Water Research
Center” was established and equipped
under African Technology City. For the
second phase, 28 staff were trained. For
the third phase, 15 Turkish engineers
were assigned to assist works of drilling
41 water wells in 9 states across the
country, with 6 wells completed. The
works are scheduled to complete in
2013.
1.
2.
3.
4.
TURKISH ARMED FORCES
Turkish Armed Forces engaged in
activities of programme assistance
and technical cooperation in training,
transport, energy, cultural cooperation,
administrative and civil infrastructure
sectors as well as served as the only
entity contributing to “peace-building
operations” in 2012.
Examples of projects engaged in 2012 by
Turkish Armed Forces:
Bosnia-Herzegovina: 92 language
courses at 12 locations
Bosnia-Herzegovina: Maintenance and
repair of 6 schools
Afghanistan: Various vocational courses
and language courses as well as equipment
supply to courses and schools to help
people acquire vocational skills, enable
women to participate in social life and
direct youth to gainful activities
Kosovo: Maintenance and repair of 6
schools; circumcision for 210 boys
Bosnia-Herzegovina: Mobility of 635
Turkish staff between Turkey and BosniaHerzegovina
Kosovo: Mobility of 1,124 Turkish and
80 Kosovar staff between Turkey and
Kosovo; providing training to 489 persons
in 16 training programs in 2012 at BIOEM
Turkish Armed Forces engaged in activities
of programme assistance and technical
cooperation in training, transport, energy,
cultural cooperation, administrative and civil
infrastructure sectors as well as served as the
only entity contributing to “peace-building
operations” in 2012.
VARIOUS COURSES DELIVERED BY THE PARTNERSHIP FOR PEACE TRAINING CENTER (BIOEM)
Course Title: Information Management and Development
Dates: 26 November - 07 December 2012
Course Venue:BIOEM Command / ANKARA
Number of Participants:
33 persons
Course Title:
Logistics Induction Course for Staff Officers
Dates:
16-27 April 2012
Course Venue:BIOEM Command /ANKARA
33 persons
Course Title:Humanitarian Operations in Disasters
Dates:
26 March-06 April 2012
Course Venue:Engineer Sch.&Trng. Command Narlıdere/İzmir
20 persons
MINISTRY OF INTERIOR
(TURKISH NATIONAL POLICE)
The police training programme under
TIKA and Turkish National Police
cooperation was continued successfully
in 2013 with participation from 13
countries including Macedonia, Kosovo
and Tunisia as new participants. The
programme covered in-service and
practical training to exchange experience
of national police organizations, develop
common understanding in fighting
crimes, and harmonize professional
terminology. In the courses organized in
Turkey and other participant countries,
training was provided to a total 1,159
police from Albania, Azerbaijan, BosniaHerzegovina, Macedonia, Kazakhstan,
Kyrgyzstan, Palestine, Mongolia,
Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Tunisia,
Somalia and Bangladesh.
As costs reportable under development
assistance, the Turkish National Police
handles the procedures for asylum
seekers, hosting and accommodation,
coordination, children’s education. In
2012, Turkey received 75,969 persons
from various countries, 70,501 of whom
were asylum seekers from developing
countries.
MINISTRY OF NATIONAL
EDUCATION AND PRESIDENCY
OF TURKS LIVING ABROAD AND
RELATIVE COMMUNITIES
The “Grand Student Project” initiated
in 1992 and implemented by the
Ministry of National Education offered
scholarships to tens of thousands of
overseas students for education in
Turkey. Initially the project was designed
to enhance human resources in the
newly independent Turkic Republics,
thus strengthen brotherly relations with
the Turkish world; now Turkey hosts
students from more than 150 countries
today.
Students graduating associate,
bachelor’s, master’s and doctoral
programs are equipped to rise to notable
positions in their own countries.
The Grand Student Project implemented
so by the Ministry of National Education
was administered under a new title of
“Turkish Scholarships” in its 20th year in
2012 by the Presidency of Turks Living
Abroad and Relative Communities.
Awarded students are paid a monthly
stipend in addition to scholarship
subsidy in accommodation, transport,
stationery, clothing and residence
permits. They enjoy free language
courses and health services.
The Ministry of National Education and
the Presidency of Turks Living Abroad
and Relative Communities engaged in
the following projects and programs in
2012:
322 teachers were assigned to 13
countries namely Tunisia, Iran, Lebanon,
Libya, Afghanistan, Georgia, Azerbaijan,
Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan,
Turkmenistan, Moldova and Tajikistan.
1,171 students were awarded
scholarships by own governments
through the scholarship funds made
available by the Turkish government.
Under the Turkish Scholarships, 4,715
students from ODA recipients received
education in Turkey with 65 students
in Turkish language courses at Turkish
Teaching Center (TOMER), 169
associate level, 3,324 at bachelor’s level,
664 at master’s level, 489 at doctoral
level and 4 in integrated doctoral
programmes. In addition, 233 students
from other communities received
education in Turkey.
1.
2.
3.
4.
MANAS UNIVERSITY
Kyrgyzstan-Turkey Manas University
commenced educational activities in the
academic year 1997-1998 in the Kyrgyz
capital of Bishkek.
In the academic year 2011-2012, Manas
University boasted 3,809 students in its
9 faculties, 4 colleges and 1 vocational
college, and 196 postgraduate students
in 2 institutes.
Academicians from Turkey, Kyrgyzstan
and other countries instruct in the
university, namely 57 full professors, 77
associate professors and 27 assistant
professors.
It is an autonomous university in the
same status as Turkish universities under
the Council of Higher Education. Tuition
is free, and students enjoy needsbased “Support Scholarship” as well as
“Academic Achievement Scholarship”.
Course books are too provided by the
University. Languages of instruction
are Turkish and Kyrgyz, with English
and Russian being taught as secondary
languages. It also provides dormitory
accommodation to 870 students
corresponding to about 30% of the
enrolment, making it top university in
Kyrgyzstan.
UNDERSECRETARIAT OF
TREASURY
The Undersecretariat of Treasury
made available significant loans to the
governments of Egypt and Kyrgyzstan to
use as they determine and finance public
investments, and extended cash grant to
Tunisia.
The Undersecretariat of Treasury also
operates an Experience Exchange
Programme to share its knowledge
and experience with foreign agencies,
under which 46 experts from provided
training courses of various duration
in 2012 on the following topics to 92
experts from Barbados, Belarus, China,
Indonesia, Palestine, South African
Republic, Iran, Montenegro, Colombia,
Macedonia, Pakistan, Sudan, Tanzania
and Turkmenistan:
Private pension system
Capacity building for supervisory
authority
Financial services
Exchange regime and OECD
liberalization codes
Public debt and risk management
Insurance
Establishing a single treasury account
system.
Turkish-Kyrgyz co-funded Manas University is
a leading entity delivering Turkish development
assistance.
HIGHER EDUCATION LOANS
AND DORMITORIES AGENCY
The Agency provides accommodation
and pays for subsistence and other
expenses of students with scholarships
under the Grand Student Project from
Turkic Republics and Turkic and Relative
Communities.
In 2012, it delivered dormitory materials
donated by various Turkish firms to the
National Student Assistance Fund of
Sudan.
HOUSING DEVELOPMENT
ADMINISTRATION (TOKI)
The construction of the 200-bed Turkish
Hospital to replace the dilapidated
hospital in Dikfer Region was mostly
completed in 2012, and being scheduled
for commissioning for service in 2013.
Social equipment and 2.000 containers
were built within Kilis Oncupinar
customs area for Syrian guests.
TOKI commenced works to build
permanent structures shortly after the
flood in Pakistan in 2011. The project
was designed to build housing units and
social equipment on lands allocated by
the Government Pakistan to ensure that
disaster victims would continue to live
in their natural region. The total budget
was 135.80 million USD covering the
construction of 4,620 housing units, 8
schools, 12 trade centers, 3 sports halls,
2 health stations, 6 mosques and 6 social
facilities in 3 states.
DISASTER AND EMERGENCY
MANAGEMENT PRESIDENCY
(AFAD)
The General Directorates of Civil
Defense and Disaster Affairs were
merged and reorganized in 2009 as the
Disaster and Emergency Management
Presidency under the Prime Ministry. It
manages and coordinates pre-disaster
preparations and alleviation, disaster
response and post-disaster improvement
efforts.
AFAD engages in works in developing
countries similar to its work in Turkey.
Accordingly, it engaged in efforts
ranging from coordination in Turkey to
disaster recovery in other countries in
2012.
AFAD assumed the coordination of
Turkish assistance to various countries
including mainly Syria, Myanmar and
Somalia in 2012 as exemplified below:
All coordination on Syrian guest
affairs, and financial support to their
hosting in Turkey
Funding support to construction
projects engaged in Pakistan by TOKI
Conferences and seminars for
disaster response employees of recipient
countries to improve coordination and
efficiency in deployment of military
and civil defense resources for disaster
response
Emergency medicine and medical
supply aid of 80 tons to Somalia;
evacuation of injured people and
escorting relatives from Somalia
Support to Somalia-related activities
of various Turkish public entities such as
Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ministry of
Health, TIKA, Aselsan, Turkish National
Police, Turkish Red Crescent.
1.
2.
3.
4.
HODJA AHMET YESEVI
INTERNATIONAL KAZAKHTURKISH UNIVERSITY
Hodja Ahmet Yesevi International
Kazakh-Turkish University was founded
on the basis of an agreement between
Kazakhstan and Turkey in 1992, and
admitted first students for the academic
year 1994-1995. Its central campus is
located on a land of 300 hectares in
Turkistan city, South Kazakhstan, with
smaller campuses in Turkistan and
Kentav. Today the University serves
16,000 students with 4,000 from Turkey,
750 from Kazakhstan and the rest from
other Turkic Republics and Turkic and
Relative Communities, with its academic
staff of over 1,100 in 11 faculties and 1
college. The following are examples of
works in 2012 by the University:
Funding support for the purchase of
medical equipment for Medical School
Hospital and 800 beds for student
dormitories
Support in the form of scholarships,
accommodation and travel expenses,
courses etc. for graduates of the
University invited to Turkey for
postgraduate education and professional
enhancement as future professors
Support to the University’s Turkistan
Distance Learning Faculty for its
instructional activities involving 4,000
students and provision of technical
infrastructure and equipment
Funding support to the construction
of a central library of 400,000 books at
Turkistan campus.
TURKISH RED CRESCENT
The Turkish Red Crescent always strives
to prevent and alleviate human suffering
wherever it occurs, save human life and
health, foster common understanding
and friendliness among human societies
and contribute to lasting peace.
The Agency’s humanitarian aid
operations in 2012 are exemplified as
follows:
Tajikistan: 40 packages of clothing
Ukraine, Crimea, Karasupazar: Cash
aid for distribution and using towards
humanitarian aid to 18,000 people;
additionally, 24 tons of humanitarian aid
consisting of 250 packages of clothing
items, winter footwear and 800 family
food packages
Bosnia-Herzegovina: Cash aid in the
aftermath of heavy snow storms
Montenegro: Food aid after the
disastrous fires
Kosovo: Food aid consisting of 1,000
packages
Iran: In the aftermath of earthquake,
delivery of food packages and family
kitchen sets; and in Ahar county Bermiz
district, construction of 34 prefabricated
temporary homes
Palestine: Water and agriculture
projects, young tree planting, and
distribution of daily needs such as food,
clothing, stationery
Aid comprising 2 ambulances, 1,750
hygiene packs, blood bank equipment
and medical supplies.
Myanmar: Delivery of cash aid, kitchen
sets and food packages, medicine
for malaria and fly nets, clothing for
men, women and children, footwear,
stationery, school sets, biscuits, family
holiday gift packs, blankets and toys to
thousands of displaced families living in
camps
Bangladesh: Delivery of food
packages, blankets and clothing.
Philippines: Cash aid to victims of
typhoon and flood
North Korea: Food aid comprising
25kg rice bags to 500 families.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Somalia:
Jazira tent city: Construction of a
200m2 place of worship and a 16-faucet
public fountain in the social facilities
area
Construction of a 750m2 building for
human leisure and social activities.
Setting up a people’s bazaar
Construction of the first post-war
playground named “Red Crescent
Playground” in the tent city
TURKISH RADIO AND TELEVISION
CORPORATION (TRT)
As the sole public entity in the Turkish
broadcasting sector, the Turkish Radio
and Television Corporation (TRT) delivers
significant development assistance in
the form of technical assistance for
installation of broadcast stations, program
transmission systems and studio facilities
used in radio and television broadcasting
by recipient countries, and other efforts
to promote relations with broadcasting
entities.
Delivery of food and 25kg coal
packages to families during Ramadan
Establishment of a health station
in the tent city
Construction of a 100m2 laundry
facility with 40 units for regular and
hygienic laundry
Regular delivery of food packages
sufficient to all families; installation of
2,500 cookers in front of tents
Grade leveling the ground of 3,500m
at the entrance zone of the tent city
for constructing a mobile bakery; and
production of daily bread employing 8
local people
Construction of the Turkish Red
Crescent Stadium
RT produced special TV programs and
documentaries under bilateral relations
with TV channels active in the Balkans,
Central Asia and Africa, with parts filed in
Turkey and other countries and viewed
by millions.
TRT also provided technical equipment
required for the broadcasting by channels
in the recipient countries, delivered
training to TV producers and staff.
MINISTRY OF HEALTH
Turkey concluded agreements on
“Cooperation in Health and Medicine”
with other countries, under which the
Ministry of Health implements projects
to transfer medical advances in the
world to developing countries. In this
context, Turkey provided training to
443 persons comprising 31 midwives, 50
nurses, 143 physicians and 219 health
staff from Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Côte
d’Ivoire, Palestine, South Sudan, Georgia,
Iraq, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kyrgyzstan,
Mauritania, Nakhjavan, Uzbekistan,
Somalia and Sudan.
In addition to delivery of training in
Turkey, the Ministry of Health also
deploys own physicians and health staff
overseas. Accordingly, 149 physicians and
health staff were deployed in 2012 to
provide various health services in Albania,
Azerbaijan, Palestine, Guinea, Cameroon,
Kenya, Mali, Niger, Somalia, Sudan,
Tanzania and Yemen.
The following table gives a summary of
activities engaged in 2012 by the Ministry
of Health in the context of “Health Week
Projects”.
SURGICAL
OPERATIONS
MEDICAL
EXAMINATION
AFGHANISTAN270
579
The Ministry of Health also engages in
emergency aid. The following examples
relate to activities against hunger and
drought in Somalia:
Deployment of 33 physicians and 83
health staff of Ministry’s own employees
Treatment of 189,699 patients and
surgical operations for 1,865 patients
Donation of 50 tons of medical
supplies and medicine
Delivery of “NRP Practitioner and
Trainer” training to a medical team of
selected 17 persons, i.e. training on
“Neonatal Resuscitation”, “Safe Maternity”
and “Training Skills”
Construction of a 200-bed hospital in
Dikfer region in cooperation with TOKI
and TIKA.
MEDICAL
ANALYSES
0
AZERBAIJAN 29145 44
BANGLADESH9 53 0
MACEDONIA 59 384445
MAURITANIA 88 391255
1.
2.
3.
4.
4. OECD DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE 2012 BY DONOR COUNTRY
4.A. OVERALL ASSESSMENT
Official development assistance by
donors had a rising trend through
2010, then fell by 4% in real terms in
2012, following a 2% fall in 2011. The
continuing financial crisis and euro zone
turmoil has led several governments to
tighten their budgets, which has had a
direct impact on development aid. There
is also a noticeable shift in aid allocations
away from the poorest countries and
towards middle-income countries.
However, on the basis of the DAC
Survey on Donors’ Forward Spending
Plans, a moderate recovery in aid levels is
expected in 2013.
OECD Secretary-General Angel Gurría
expressed concern over this trend: “It is
worrying that budgetary duress in our
member countries has led to a second
successive fall in total aid, but I take
heart from the fact that, in spite of
the crisis, nine countries still managed
to increase their aid. As we approach
the 2015 deadline for achieving the
Millennium Development Goals, I hope
that the trend in aid away from the
poorest countries will be reversed. This
is essential if aid is to play its part in
helping achieve the Goals.”
According to preliminary data, in 2012,
members of the Development Assistance
Committee (DAC) of the OECD
provided 125.6 billion USD in net official
development assistance, representing
0.29 per cent of their combined gross
national income (GNI), a 4.0% drop in
real terms compared to 2011.
Since 2010, the year it reached its
peak, ODA has fallen by 6.0% in real
terms. Excluding 2007, which saw
the end of exceptional debt relief
operations, the fall in 2012 is the largest
since 1997. This is also the first time
since 1996-97 that aid has fallen in two
successive years.
Data for 2012 show that although
total net ODA fell, aid for core bilateral
projects and programmes (i.e. excluding
debt relief grants and humanitarian aid)
rose by 2.0% in real terms; by contrast
core contributions to multilateral
institutions fell by 7.1%.
Bilateral aid to sub-Saharan Africa was
26.2 billion USD, representing a fall of
7.9 % in real terms compared to 2011.
Aid to the African continent fell by
9.9% to 28.9 billion USD, following
exceptional support to some countries
in North Africa after the “Arab Spring”
in 2011.
Bilateral net ODA to the group of
Least Developed Countries (LDCs) also
fell by 12.8% in real terms to about 26
billion USD.
1.
2.
3.
4.
4.B. DONOR PERFORMANCE
The largest donors, by volume, were
the United States, the United Kingdom,
Germany, France and Japan. Denmark,
Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway
and Sweden continued to exceed the
United Nations’ ODA target of 0.7%
of GNI. Net ODA rose in real terms in
nine countries, with the largest increases
recorded in Australia, Austria, Iceland
(which joined the DAC in 2013), Korea
and Luxembourg. By contrast net ODA
fell in fifteen countries, with the largest
cuts recorded in Spain, Italy, Greece and
Portugal, the countries most affected by
the euro zone crisis. The United States
continued to be the largest donor by
volume with net ODA flows amounting
to 30.5 billion USD in 2012, representing
a fall of 2.8% in real terms compared to
2011. US ODA as a share of GNI also fell
from 0.20% in 2011 to 0.19% in 2012.
The fall was mainly due to a reduction
in bilateral net debt relief from 1.1
billion USD in 2011 to 56.3 million USD
in 2012. However, US contributions to
international organizations reached a
historic high of 4.9 billion USD (+30.0%
in real terms compared to 2011). In 2012,
US bilateral aid to sub-Saharan Africa
fell to 8.8 billion USD (4.5% in real terms
compared to 2011); however, excluding
debt relief it rose by 7.2%.
ODA from the fifteen EU countries
that are DAC members was 63.7 billion
USD in 2012, representing a fall of 7.4%
compared to 2011. As a share of their
combined GNI, ODA fell from 0.44% in
2011 to 0.42% in 2012.
ODA rose or fell in DAC EU countries
as follows:
Austria (+6.1%) due to debt relief
operations with sub-Saharan Africa;
Belgium (-13.0%) reflecting overall cuts
in its aid budget;
Denmark (-1.8%) reflecting a reduction
in bilateral grants;
Finland (-0.4%)
France (-1.8%)
Germany (-0.7%) due to reduced
contributions to multilateral institutions;
Greece (-17.0%) due to austerity
measures;
Ireland (-5.8%) due to fiscal constraints
leading to cuts in its aid budget;
Luxembourg (+9.8%) reflecting an
increase in bilateral grants;
Netherlands (-6.6%) due to overall cuts
in its aid budget;
Portugal (-13.1%) due to the
unprecedented financial constraints leading
to cuts in its budget;
Spain (-49.7%) due to the financial crisis;
Sweden (-3.4%) due to reduced capital
subscriptions to international organizations,
although cash disbursements to these
organizations increased;
United Kingdom (-2.2%) reflecting firm
budget allocations were put into place to
ensure that the government spent an ODA
volume of 0.56% of GNI in 2012 and 0.7%
from 2013 onwards.
Italy (-34.7%) due to lower levels of
aid to refugees arriving from North Africa
and reduced debt relief grants compared to
2011; however, the Italian government has
made a firm commitment to increase ODA
allocations in order to reach 0.15-0.16% of
GNI in 2013;
In 2012, total net ODA by the 27
EU member states was 64.9 billion USD,
representing 0.39% of their combined GNI.
Net ODA rose or fell in other DAC
countries as follows:
Other donor countries reported preliminary
ODA figures as follows:
Australia (+9.1%) to meet its
international commitments to scale up aid in
order to reach 0.5% ODA/GNI in 2016-17.
Czech Republic (-4.2%): due mainly to
lower contributions to the EU;
Canada (+4.1%) due to an increase in
debt relief and its continued commitment to
major regional initiatives;
Iceland (+5.7%) reflecting the overall
scaling up of its aid programme;
Japan (-2.1%) due to a fall in bilateral
grants and reduced contributions to
international organizations;
Korea (+17.6%) due to the overall
scaling up of its aid to achieve an ODA/GNI
ratio of 0.25% by 2015;
New Zealand (+3.0%) reflecting the
overall scaling up of its aid to reach an ODA
level of $NZ 600 million;
Norway (+0.4%);
Switzerland (+4.5%): reflecting the
overall scaling up of its aid to reach 0.5% of
GNI by 2015.
Estonia (-2.7%): due to lower
contributions to the EU;
Hungary (-7.5%): due to the lower
disbursements to the EU and a decrease in
bilateral aid;
Israel (-10.1%): due to a reduction in
bilateral ODA;
Poland (+12.4%): which increased its
bilateral ODA;
Slovak Republic (-3.5%);
Slovenia (-2.4%);
Turkey (+98.7%): reflecting help to a
large number of refugees arriving from Syria
and increased support to North African
countries following the Arab Spring;
United Arab Emirates (+30.6%): due to
the overall scaling up of its bilateral aid.
Table-10 DAC MEMBERS
DAC had 24 members in 2012, and currently has 26 members, with Iceland and Czech
Republic having joined in 2013.
USA
FranceIceland
Germany
South Korea
Japan
European Union
Netherlands
Canada
Australia
United Kingdom
Luxembourg
Austria Ireland
Norway
Belgium
SpainPortugal
Czech Republic
Sweden
Denmark
SwitzerlandGreece
FinlandItaly
New Zealand
1.
2.
3.
4.
Chart-31 Net ODA by DAC Members and Turkey
(2012, billion USD)
USA
30.46
UNITED KINGDOM
13.66
GERMANY
13.11
FRANCE
12.00
JAPAN
10.49
CANADA
5.68
NETHERLANDS
5.52
AUSTRALIA
5.44
SWEDEN
5.24
NORWAY
4.75
SWITZERLAND
3.02
DENMARK
2.72
ITALY
2.64
TURKEY
2.50
BELGIUM
2.30
SPAIN
1.95
SOUTH KOREA
1.55
FINLAND
1.32
AUSTRIA
1.11
IRELAND
0.81
PORTUGAL
0.57
NEW ZEALAND
0.46
LUXEMBOURG
0.43
GREECE
0.32
ICELAND
0.03
Chart-32 Net ODA/GNP by DAC Members and Turkey
(2012, %; UN target 0.7%)
LUXEMBOURG
1.00
SWEDEN
0.99
0.93
NORWAY
0.84
DENMARK
0.71
NETHERLANDS
0.56
UNITED KINGDOM
0.53
FINLAND
IRELAND
0.48
BELGIUM
0.47
SWITZERLAND
0.45
FRANCE
0.45
0.38
GERMANY
0.36
AUSTRALIA
TURKEY
0.32
CANADA
0.32
NEW ZEALAND
0.28
AUSTRIA
0.28
PORTUGAL
0.27
0.22
ICELAND
USA
JAPAN
SPAIN
0.19
0.17
0.15
SOUTH KOREA
0.14
GREECE
0.13
ITALY
0.13
ANNEXES
ANNEX-1. ODA RECIPIENTS (OECD-DAC)
LEAST DEVELOPED
COUNTRIES
OTHER LOW INCOME
COUNTRIES
(per capita GNI <= $1005
in 2000)
LOWER MIDDLE INCOME
COUNTRIES AND TERRITORIES
(per capita GNI <= $1006- $3975
in 2010)
UPPER MIDDLE INCOME
COUNTRIES AND TERRITORIES
(per capita GNI <= $3976$12275 in 2010)
Afghanistan
Kenya
Armenia
Angola
Korea, Dem. Rep.Belize
Bangladesh
Kyrgyz Rep.
Bolivia
Benin
Tajikistan
Cameroon
Bhutan
Zimbabwe
Cape Verde
Burkina Faso
Congo, Rep.
Burundi Cote d’Ivoire
Cambodia Egypt
Central African Rep.
El Salvador
Chad
Fiji
Comoros Georgia
Congo, Dem. Rep.
Ghana
Djibouti Guatemala
Equatorial Guinea
Guyana
EritreaHonduras
Ethiopia India
Gambia Indonesia
Guinea Iraq
Guinea-Bissau
Kosovo
Haiti
Marshall Islands
Kiribati Micronesia, Federated States
Laos
Moldova
Lesotho Mongolia
LiberiaMorocco
Madagascar
Nicaragua
Malawi Nigeria
Mali
Pakistan
Mauritania
Papua New Guinea
Mozambique
Paraguay
Myanmar Philippines
NepalSri Lanka
Niger
Swaziland
Rwanda Syria
SamoaTokelau
Sao Tome and Principe
Tonga
Senegal Turkmenistan
Sierra Leone
Ukraine
Solomon Islands
Uzbekistan
Somalia Vietnam
South Sudan
West Bank and Gaza
Sudan
Tanzania
Timor-Leste
Togo
Tuvalu
Uganda
Vanuatu
Yemen
Zambia
Albania
Algeria
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Botswana
Brazil
Chile
China
Colombia
Cook Islands
Costa Rica
Cuba
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
Macedonia
Gabon
Grenada
Iran
Jamaica
Jordan
Kazakhstan
Lebanon
Libya
Malaysia
Maldives
Mauritius
Mexico
Montenegro
Montserrat
Namibia
Nauru
Niue
Palau
Panama
Peru
Serbia
Seychelles
South Africa
St. Helena
St. Kitts-Nevis St. Lucia
St. Vincent and Grenadines
Suriname
Thailand
Tunisia
Turkey
Uruguay
Venezuela
Wallis and Futuna
ANNEX 2: TURKISH BILATERAL ODA BY COUNTRY (2011, million USD)
EUROPE TOTAL
77.18 AFRICA, TOTAL
269.78
AMERICAS, TOTAL
1.87
ALBANIA3.58
II.A.NORTH OF SAHARA, TOTAL58.48III.A. NORTH & CENTRAL, TOTAL
BELARUS1.53
ALGERIA0.49
COSTA RICA0.05
BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA17.94
EGYPT3.51
CUBA0.11
KOSOVO22.38
LIBYA53.11
DOMINICA0.08
MACEDONIA6.76
MOROCCO0.75
EL SALVADOR0.05
MOLDOVA4.40
TUNISIA0.61
GUATEMALA0.05
MONTENEGRO2.87
NORTH OF SAHARA REGIONAL0.01
HAITI0.26
SERBIA3.91
II.B. SOUTH OF SAHARA, TOTAL211.30 HONDURAS0.05
UKRAINE
6.01ANGOLA
0.03 MEXICO0.07
EUROPE REGIONAL7.80
BENIN0.11
NICARAGUA0.05
ASIA, TOTAL
876.87 BOTSWANA0.08
PANAMA0.05
IV.A. MIDDLE EAST TOTAL292.64
BURKINA FASO1.92
III.B. SOUTH TOTAL0.75
IRAN11.34
BURUNDI0.03
ARGENTINA0.05
IRAQ27.83
CAMEROON0.42
BOLIVIA0.06
JORDAN1.58
CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC0.13
BRAZIL0.18
LEBANON7.06
CHAD0.11
CHILE0.05
SYRIA162.03
COMOROS ISLANDS0.26
COLOMBIA0.06
PALESTINE25.92
CONGO, DEM.REP.OF0.05
EQUATOR0.07
YEMEN0.45
CONGO, REP.OF
0.4PARAGUAY
0.01
MIDDLE EAST REGIONAL56.43
COTE D’IVOIRE
0.31PERU
0.05
IV.B. SOUTH & CENTRAL565.87
DJIBOUTI
0.09URUGUAY
0.05
ASIA, TOTAL EQUATORIAL GUINEA
0.01VENEZUELA
0.17
AFGHANISTAN130.89
ERITREA4.37
III.C. AMERICAS REGIONAL
0.30
ARMENIA1.26
ETHIOPIA1.43
OCEANIA TOTAL
0.51
AZERBAIJAN26.48
GABON0.02
FIJI0.30
BANGLADESH1.45
GAMBIA
0.26SAMOA
0.01
GEORGIA7.38
GHANA
0.39TONGA
0.04
INDIA 0.54 GUINEA
0.24TUVALU
0.15
KAZAKHSTAN53.32
GINE-BISSAU0.13
OCEANIA REGIONAL0.01
KYRGYZSTAN74.09
KENYA 2.05
TOTAL1,226.21
MALDIVES0.03
LESOTHO0.01
MYANMAR15.34
LIBERIA0.10
NEPAL0.03
MADAGASCAR0.67
PAKISTAN204.95
MALAWI0.04
SRI LANKA0.13
MALI0.19
TAJIKISTAN6.93
MAURITANIA0.40
TURKMENISTAN13.56
MOZAMBIQUE0.10
UZBEKISTAN6.56
NAMIBIA0.01
CENTRAL ASIA1.00
NIGER2.63
REGIONAL
NIGERIA0.50
SOUTH ASIA REGIONAL0.49
RWANDA0.29
SOUTH & CENTRAL 21.44
SENEGAL1.91
ASIA REGIONAL
SEYCHELLES0.01
IV.C. FAR EAST REGIONAL12.18
SIERRA LEONE
0.14
CAMBODIA0.01
SOMALIA93.39
CHINA3.05
SOUTH AFRICAN REPUBLIC0.18
INDONESIA0.51
SOUTH SUDAN0.09
NORTH KOREA0.08
SUDAN21.33
LAOS0.01
SWAZILAND0.01
MALAYSIA0.24
TANZANIA0.31
MONGOLIA8.09
TOGO0.06
PHILIPPINES0.11
UGANDA0.72
THAILAND0.04
ZAMBIA0.01
VIETNAM0.03
ZIMBABWE0.01
FAR EAST REGIONAL0.01
SOUTH SAHARA REGIONAL75.35
IV.D. ASIA REGIONAL6.18
II.C. AFRICA REGIONAL
ANNEX 3: TIKA’S PROGRAMME COORDINATION OFFICES WORLDWIDE
Addis Ababa PCO
Bole Kişe Ketema
Kebele 03, No:625
Addis Ababa / Ethiopia
Tel
: +251 11 662 67 50 -662 67 51
Fax
: +251 11 662 67 52
E-mail : [email protected]
Almaty Liaison
Office
Kazıbek biy Ave. No:117/86,
Door No: 205
Almaty/Kazakhstan
Tel
: +7 7 172 43-49-43
ASTANA PCO
Ulitsa Mustafina 34,
Almatinskiy Rayon, 010000,
Astana/Kazakhstan
Tel
: +7 7 172 43 - 49 - 43
Ashkabad PCO
Mugallimlar Ave., 1. Pass No: 4,
Ashkabad / Turkmenistan
Tel
: +99 312 94 53 73 / +99 312 94 62 82
Fax
: +99 312 94 52 70
Baku PCO
Hagani Ave. No:31/24, AZ1095
Baku / Azerbaijan
Tel
: +994 12 493 10 24 / +994 12 493 64 24
Fax
: +994 12 493 64 24
Belgrade PCO
Uziçka 58b, 11000
Belgrade / Serbia
Tel
: +381 11 266 20 23 / +381 11 266 20 33
Fax
: +381 11 266 2043
Bishkek PCO
Aydaraliyev Street No:5, 720017
Bişkek / Kyrgyzstan
Tel
: +996 (312)564956 - 298327 - (554) 451308
Fax
: + 996 (312) 543946
Dhakar PCO
Almadies Road, No:22 9. Region
Dhakar / Senegal
Tel
: + 221 33 869 80 88 - 338698089 - 338698088
Fax
: + 221 33 860 51 46
Dushanbe PCO
Turdiyeva Str. No: 12
Dushanbe / Tajikistan
Tel
: +99 2372 21 90 41 / +99 2372 27 29 08
Fax
: +99 2372 51 01 22
Gaza PCO
Gaza City, al-Rashed Ave., Fisherman’s
Wharf, Hanadi Apt, Floor:12 No: 3
Gaza/ Palestine
Fax
Khartoum PCO
21. District, No: 247
Khartoum / Sudan
Tel
: + 249 183 251 457 - 458
Fax
: + 249 183 251 459
Islamabad PCO
Area F-7/2, 13. Cadde, No:30
Islamabad / Pakistan
Tel
: +92 51 260 97 48-49-50-52
Fax
: +92 51 260 97 49
Kabul PCO
Kart-e Char Tepe-i Selam
Kabul/Afghanistan
Tel
: +93 (0) 796 38 95 31 38
Fax
: +93 (0) 796 38 95 31
Cairo PCO
Muhammed Salih Ave., No :14
Dokki/Cairo Egypt
Tel
: (00202) 37493419
Kiev PCO
Lüteranskaya Str. No: 13/ 21
Kiev/ Ukraine
Tel
: +38 044 278 73 80
Fax
: +38 044) 278 29 67
Crimea Liaison
Office
Kecskemetskaya Ave., No: 24,
Simferepol, Crimea/ Ukraine
Tel
: +38 0652 543 420 - 0652 260 798
Fax
: +38 0652 543 419
Kishinev PCO
Sfatul Tarii Str.26/1
Kishinev / Moldova
Tel
: +373 22 22 35 54 / +373 29 24 65-66-67
Fax
: +373 22 22 33 04
Jerusalem PCO
Nablus Road Sheikh Jarrah, 87
Jerusalem/Israel
Tel Fax
: +970 8 283 8032
: +972 2 532 23 96
: +972 2 540 02 08
Mazar-i Sharif
PCO
Karte-i Zehirruddin Faryabi
2. District 3. Str. No: 193
Mazar-i Sharif / Afghanistan
Tel
: +93 75 501 36 41
Faks : +93 77 840 47 19
MOGADİŞU PKO
Lido Area
Mogadishu / Somalia
Tel
: +252 6868 487 - 699 322 233
Myanmar PCO
T.R. Nepido Embassy No.19 (AB), Kan
Yeik Thar Street, Mayangone Township,
Yangon, Myanmar
Tel
Nairobi PCO
Camphor Road, No. 62 Runda
2673-00621
Nairobi / Kenya
Tel
: +254 20 214 03 28 / 29
Fax
: +254 20 214 03 27
Nyala Liaison
Office
Nyala Town Hay-el Cinema Block
No 5 Daire No: 12/18
Tel
: + 249 183 251 457 / + 249 183 251 458
Fax
: + 249 183 251 459
RAMALLAH
Kolej Str. No:9 ,
Ramallah / Palestine
Tel
: +970 2 297 47 44-5
Podgoritsa PCO
Vlaha Bukovca Str., No:2,
Stari Aerodrom 81000
Podgoritsa / Montenegro
Tel
: +382 (0) 20 652 000 / +382 (0) 20 652 001
Fax
: +382 (0) 20 652 802
Prishtina PCO
Eduard Lir Ave. No. 4 - Arberia,
10 000 Prishtina / Kosovo
Tel
: +381 038 604 454 - 225 354
Fax
: +381 038 604 463
Sarajevo PCO
Radnicka 25, 71000
Sarajevo / Bosnia-Herzegovina
Tel
: +387 33 558 145 / +387 33 225 964
Fax
: +387 33 558 146
San’a PCO
Fajju Attan Str, Qaati’l-Qimme Li’l- A’ras,
Grammar School front
Sana-Yemen
Tel
: +96 701 434 682
Fax
: +96 701 434 662
Damascus PCO
Mezzeh Vellat Garbiye Saad bin Ebi
Vakkas Ave. No: 39 / 1
Damascus / Syria
Tel
: +963 11 612 16 30
Fax
: +693 11 613 20 71
Tashkent PCO
V.Vahidov Ko’chasi, No: 52, Yakasaray
Tashkent / Uzbekistan
Tel
: +998 71 252 54 57 - 256 66 19
Fax
: +998 71 252 59 51
Tbilisi PCO
S. Mgaloblishvili Str. No.14, 0160,
Tbilisi/Georgia
Tel
: +995 32 2 99 84 16 / 2 38 10 43
Fax
: +995 32 2 98 54 30
Tirana PCO
Elbasan Ave, 125/1
Tirana /Albania
Tel
: +355 4 236 64 16
Fax
: +355 4 236 64 18
Tripoli PCO
El Nasr Ave., El Nergiz Str., Khalife
Nureddin El Kobbi Villa, El Mansura
Tripoli / Libya
Tel
: +218 21 444 06 99 / 334 64 50
Fax
: +218 21 334 64 50 / 444 06 99
Tunis PCO
Mohamed V Ave., 47 Str., 1082
Tunis/Tunisia
Tel
: 216 7 013 23 24
Faks : 216 7 176 70 45
Ulan Bator PCO
Sukhbaatar 1 Sqr. Bodi Tower 6. Floor
No:601 Ulan Bator / Mongolia
Tel
: +976 11 32 12 78 / +976 11 31 05 14
Fax
: +976 11 32 76 68
Skopje PCO
Pitu Guli Ave., No:3 Vodno
Skopje /Macedonia
Tel : +389 230 916 25
Fax : +389 230 916 26
: +959 420 197 444
LIST OF CHARTS AND TABLES
CHARTS
Chart 1: Turkish Total Development Assistance (2012, million USD)
Chart 2: Turkish Development Assistance (2005-2012, million USD)
Chart 3: Turkish Official Development Assistance (2002–2012, million USD, at current prices)
Chart 4: Turkish Official Development Assistance by major category (2012)
Chart 5: Bilateral Assistance by Sector (2012, million USD)
Chart 6: Social Infrastructure Assistance by Subsector (2012, million USD)
Chart 7: Economic Infrastructure Assistance by Subsector (2012)
Chart 8: Assistance to Production Sectors by Subsector (2012, million USD)
Chart 9: Emergency Aid (2005-2012, million USD)
Chart 10: Largest Recipients of Emergency Aid (2012, million USD)
Chart 11: Peace-building Efforts (2006-2012, million USD)
Chart 12: Major Beneficiaries of Turkish Peace-building Activities (million USD)
Chart 13: Largest Origins of Asylum Seekers in Turkey (2012, persons)
Chart 14: Administrative Costs/ODA (2004-2012, %)
Chart 15: Contributions to International Organizations (2012, million USD)
Chart 16: Contributions to International Organizations (1998-2012, million USD)
Chart 17: Other Official Flows (2012, million USD)
Chart 18: Direct Investment (2009-2012)
Chart 19: Direct Investment by Country (2012, million USD)
Chart 20: Assistance by Non-governmental Organizations (2009-2012, million USD)
Chart 21: Assistance by Non-governmental Organizations by Region (million USD)
Chart 22: Largest Recipients of NGO Assistance (2012, million USD)
Chart 23: Non-governmental Organizations Providing Largest Aid (2012, million USD)
Chart 24: Bilateral Official Development Assistance by Region (2012, million USD)
Chart 25: Largest Recipients of Turkish Aid (2012, million USD)
Chart 26: Largest Recipients of Turkish Aid in South and Central Asia (2012, million USD)
Chart 27: Largest Recipients of Turkish Aid in Balkans and East Europe (2012, million USD)
Chart 28: Largest Recipients of Turkish Aid in Africa (2012, million USD)
Chart 29: Assistance to LDCs (2012, million USD)
Chart 30: Assistance by Public Entities (2012, million USD)
Chart 31: Net ODA by DAC Members and Turkey (2012, billion USD)
Chart 32: Net ODA/GNP by DAC Members and Turkey (2012, %; UN target 0.7%)
TABLES
Table 1. Turkish Development Assistance (years 2011, 2012 compared)
Table 2: Turkish Official Development Assistance by Category (2012, million USD)
Table 3: Turkish Official Development Assistance (years 2011, 2012 compared)
Table 4: Assistance to Syrian Guests by Province of Hosting (USD)
Table 5: Assistance to Asylum Seekers by DAC Members (USD)
Table 6: Administrative Costs (2004-2012, million USD)
Table 7: Contribution Relations of Turkish Public Entities with International Organizations
Table 8: Turkish Direct Investment Destinations (2012, million USD)
Table 9: Least Developed Countries (2012, alphabetical order)
Table 10: DAC Members
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
AFAD
Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency
NGO
Non-governmental Organization
BIOEM
Partnership for Peace Training Center
NGOA
Non-governmental Organization Assistance
NRC
NATO-Russia Council
NRP
Neonatal Resuscitation Programme
ODA
Official Development Assistance
OECD
Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development
OIZ
Organized Industry Zone
OOF
Other Official Flows
OOF
Other Resmi Akımlar
PCO
Programme Coordination Office
SME
Small and Medium Scale Enterprise
TDA
Total Development Assistance
BISEGSociety of Health and EducationVolunteers:
One Human Being is Worth the World
BSEC
Black Sea Economic Cooperation Organization
DAC
Development Assistance Committee
DI
Direct Investment
DSİState Hydraulic Works (of Turkey)
ESAFED
Ege International Health Federasyonu
FAO
Food and Agriculture Organization
GNI
Gross National Income
GRT
Gagauzia Radio and Television
IBRD
International Bank of Reconstruction and Development
ICC
International Chamber of Commerce
IHH
Humanitarian Aid Foundation
ISAF
International Security and Assistance Force
JICA
Japan International Cooperation Agency
LDCs
Least Developed Countries
TOKIHousing Development Administration (of Turkey)
TOMER
Turkish Teaching Center
TUBITAK
Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey
UMEPUygulamalı Meslek Education Projesi
UMKE
National Medical Rescue Teams
UNHCR
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees

2 yıl önce Turkey`s Development Assistance Report 2012

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