- Sabah Forestry Department

Transcription

Research & Development
NATURAL FOREST ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME
SPECIAL ASSIGNMENTS & ACTIVITIES
The Silviculture Section also developed a management &
information system for Deramakot (DeMIS). This computerbased system serves to facilitate the documentation and easy
retrieval of information in digital format.
1.Continuous Forest Inventory for Deramakot and
Tangkulap
The Silviculture Section continued to lead the establishment
and remeasurement of continuous forest inventory lines
(CFI) for the Deramakot Forest Reserve. This involved the
remeasurement of permanent inventory lines as scheduled in
the Management Plan. These inventory lines are measured
every five years in order to monitor the development of
commercial timber stocking, and validate growth projections
that were made for the purpose of yield regulation. During
the year, permanent inventory lines were measured and
established in 8 compartments in Deramakot (Table 30.1).
Four compartments involved second measurements, whereas
the CFI transects for the other four compartments were newly
established. CFI, being more of a timber management tool,
was discontinued for Tangkulap FR, owing to the Tangkulap
FR being reclassified as Class I Protection Forest.
Main Menu page for the DeMIS
Table 30.1: Compartments for which permanent inventory lines were
measured in 2014
FMU
Deramakot
3. Training courses conducted
On the 25th of November, the Silviculture Section conducted
a training course on Nursery Practices at the Pitas District
Office. The course was conducted as an activity under the
EU-REDD + Project. The course drew participation from some
35 members of Kg. Gana. Course instructors were Alexander
Hastie and Julsun Sikui. A second training course on forest
rehabilitation field techniques was conducted in Kg. Gana in
December for the same group of participants.
Compartment No.
New: 31, 71, 72, 104, 24
Remeasurement: 1, 9, 62, 105, 114
2. Forest Management Planning
The Silviculture and Ecology Sections were given the task
to prepare management plans for selected areas as listed
in Table 30.2. In addition, both sections also contributed to
the preparation of forest management plans for Deramakot,
Sapulut and Trusan Sugut forest reserves. In fulfilling one
of the requirements for FSC certification, the Silviculture
and Ecology sections were also assigned the responsibility
of preparing the HCVF reports for both Deramakot and
Timimbang-Botitian FMUs. Working in collaboration with other
sections in FRC, both assessment reports were completed.
Table 30.2: Status of forest management plan preparation
Forest Reserve FMU License Holder
Assignment
Area
(ha)
Sg Pinangah
FMP
1,000
Approved
Lebihasil Sdn. Bhd.
(Area C)
Status
Gunung Rara
Rakyat Berjaya
Sdn. Bhd. (JV with
Usahawan Borneo
Greenwood)
FMP
10,000
Approved
TimimbangBotitian
Forestry Department
FMP
11,000
Approved
Alexander Hastie talks to course participants about potting mixtures.
TimimbangBotitian
Forestry Department
HCVF
Assessment
11,000
Completed
Deramakot
Forestry Department
HCVF
Assessment
55,000
Completed
Sapulut
Sapulut Forest
Development
FMP (part of)
–
Approved
Trusan Sugut
Forestry Department
FMP (part of)
–
In progress
4. Seed collection
The year 2014 was generally a good fruiting year for all species.
Staff of the Silviculture and Ecology Sections were involved in
seed collecting in Tabin, Madai, and Tangkulap FRs. About
200 kg of Terminalia copelandii seeds were collected from the
Gomantong area and distributed to three SFMLA licensees.
383
Sabah Forestry Department
5. River water quality monitoring in selected FMUs
The objective of this programme is to monitor water quality
of rivers flowing through selected Forest Management Units
(FMUs) directly under the management of the Sabah Forestry
Department. This routine activity is carried out by the Ecology
Section as part of the requirements for forest certification
of those FMUs. Rivers are categorized according to the
Department of Environment’s water quality classification based
on the national standard Water Quality Index (WQI). This
classification is used to measure river water quality as may
be affected by management activities, and therefore providing
the forest manager with a means of monitoring changes.
Currently, three FMUs are included in this programme, namely
Ulu Segama-Malua, Deramakot and FMU17B Sg. Pinangah
and Gunung Tinkar forest reserves (Table 30.3).
(SS in mg/l), Dissolved Oxygen (DO in mg/l), fecal coliform
(MPN/100mL), total coliform (MPN/100mL), and oil & grease
(mg/l). Water Quality Index (WQI) is used to determine the
water quality status and classify the rivers based on the Interim
National Water Quality Standards for Malaysia (INWQSM).
The INWQSM provides a convenient means of summarizing
water quality data for sampled river water as proposed by the
Department of Environment Malaysia.
RESEARCH
1. The establishment of seed orchards and planting
trials for selected tree species
The Silviculture Section continued to maintain experimental
plantings and seed orchards located at the Lungmanis FR
for 12 species with funding from the Forest Rehabilitation
Fund (Table 30.4). In 2014, new experimental plantings were
established for Falcataria moluccana (3 ha) and Terminalia
superba (3.5 ha). T. superba seeds originated from Ghana
and Uganda.
Table 30.3: River water quality monitoring programme carried out by
the Ecology Section of FRC
No
FMU
Rivers sampled
1
Ulu SegamaMalua
2
Deramakot
Sg. Bole, Sg. Danum, Sg.
Kawag, Sg. Malua, Sg. Segama
Sg. Rawog, Sg. Mannan, Sg.
Tangkulap Kecil, Sg. Balat, Sg.
Deramakot
3
FMU 17 B (Sg.
Sg. Radapan, Sg. Karamuak,
Pinangah &
Sg. Bangkulat, Sg. Numatoi
Gn Tinkar FR)
No. of Sampling
points
Table 30.4: List of species for which experimental plantings have been
established at the Lungmanis Forest Reserve
6
5
1
2
3
4
5
6
6
For all sampling points, “Grab” sampling technique was
used to collect water samples. All samples were kept in low
temperature and sent to Chemsain Konsultant Sdn. Bhd
(an accredited laboratory), for analysis within 24 hours.
Parameters tested are according to the DOE Water Quality
Index (WQI) with additional physical and microbiological
analysis of the samples. The parameters measured were
concentration of hydrogen ion (pH), Biological Oxygen
Demand (BOD in mg/l), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD in
mg/l), Ammoniacal Nitrogen (AN in mg/l), Suspended Solid
Species
Octomeles sumatrana
7
Anthocephalus cadamba
8
Terminalia copelandii
9
Litsea cubeba
10
Cinnamomum pentanoxylon
11
Dyera costulata
12
Dracontomelon dao
Khaya ivorensis
Cratoxylon formosum
Lophopetalum multinervium
Canarium ovatum
Palaquim rostratum
2. Growth of 8-year old smallholder planting of laran,
binuang, and talisai paya
The Silviculture Section has been monitoring the growth of
three fast-growing timber species planted at a 4-acre site in
Kg. Kenangan Manis, Sandakan. Table 30.5 summarizes the
growth of these three species over an 8-year period.
8-year old small holder plantation of fast-growing native species in Kg. Kenangan Manis,
Sandakan.
Annual Report 2014
384
www.forest.sabah.gov.my
Table 30.5: Growth summary of planted trees at Kenangan Manis: Laran, Binuang, Talisai Paya
Species
Laran 5x6 m
(N=250)
Binuang 6x6 m
(N=123)
Talisai paya 6x6 m (N=103)
Species
Laran
Binuang
Talisai Paya
Species
Laran
Binuang
Talisai paya
Mean DBH (cm)
Year 2
16.6
15.6
13.4
Year 3
18.8
17.9
17.8
Year 4
21.5
20.6
20.9
Year 5
23.4
22.5
23.7
Year 6
24.7
25.9
26.3
Year 7
25.6
26.6
27.3
Year 8
26.7
28.2
29.1
Largest Tree
DBH (cm)
52.2
51.7
43.2
MAI (DBH in cm)
Year 2
7.7
7.3
6.3
Year 3
6.2
5.9
5.9
Year 4
5.3
5.1
5.1
Year 5
4.6
4.4
4.7
Year 6
4.1
4.2
4.4
Year 7
3.6
3.8
3.9
Year 8
3.3
3.5
3.6
Year 7
0.8
0.7
1.0
Year 8
0.9
1.4
1.6
MAI (DBH in cm)
Year 2
7.7
7.3
6.3
Year 3
2.5
2.5
5.0
Year 4
2.6
2.6
2.9
Year 5
1.9
1.9
2.8
3. Forest dynamics
Permanent sample plots (PSPs) are important means
of monitoring long-term changes in forest structure and
composition, including survival, regeneration, and recruitment.
They can also be used to monitor changes in response to
climate change. In addition, such long-term monitoring is also
a requirement for forest certification. The Ecology Section
maintains a series of PSPs throughout Sabah. In 2014, new
PSPs were established at Timimbang, Botitian, and Trusmadi
forest reserves.
Year 6
1.3
3.2
2.7
forests. Eleven circular PSPs were established between
March and April, 2014. From these, 238 taxa, 110 genera, and
45 plant families were recorded. The Dipterocarpaceae is the
most species-rich family, followed by the Euphorbiaceae.
FOREST CONSERVATION
Activities
In 2014, staff of the Conservation Section were heavily
involved in the Mangrove Rehabilitation Project throughout
Sabah under the International Collaboration Project between
Sabah Forestry Department (SFD) and the International
Society for Mangrove Ecosystems (ISME) for the first phase
of 2011 – 2014. This is an on-going mangrove rehabilitation
project led by the Deputy Director (Development)/ TP (PBN);
Mr. Fidelis Edwin Bajau.
Staff of Conservation Section (Garden Unit) also carried
out daily monitoring and maintenance of trails network
(including canopy walkways) within the Sepilok Arboretum.
The garden is strategically located next to Kabili Sepilok
Virgin Jungle Forest (4,308 ha) and Sepilok (Mangrove) Virgin
Jungle Forest (1,235 ha).
i. Kabili-Sepilok Forest Reserve
Nine 4-ha (in total 36 ha) research plots were established
in the Kabili-Sepilok FR between the period 1995 to 2000
in pristine lowland rainforest, as part of a long-term forest
ecosystems monitoring programme by the Ecology Section.
These plots cover three major forest types that co-vary with
the distribution of the different soil types and landforms: the
lowland mixed dipterocarp forest overlaying the alluvial soil
of the Silabukan association is known as alluvial forest, the
forest on sandstone-mudstone soils of the Lokan association
is classified as sandstone hill forest; and the forest that
overlays the soils of Maliau association is generally classified
as lowland mixed dipterocarp and kerangas forest or also
known as sandstone cuesta forest. Six of the nine 4-ha
plots (RP292/3, RP 508/1, RP508/2, RP508/3, RP508/4 and
RP508/5) were re-enumerated in 2014.
SFD-ISME: Mangrove Rehabilitation Project in Sabah
The planting for mangrove rehabilitation project in Sabah is
still on-going. As of 30th December 2014, the total planted
seedlings/propagules/cuttings/seeds of mangrove plants
was 189,870 (Table 30.6), covering 151.5 hectares. Table
30.6 shows the planted areas during the 1st Phase of this
collaborative project which covered several forest reserves
i.e. Sibyte FR (Sandakan), Sg Gum Gum & Sg Loboh FR
(Sandakan), Kuala Bonggaya & Kuala Labuk FR (Beluran),
Padas Damit FR (Beaufort) and Kuala Tingkayu FR (Kunak).
The Phase Two (2014-2019) collaborative project managed to
rehabilitate 50 hectares of degraded and abandoned shrimp
ponds at Ex-OP Desa Arca within the Kuala Tingkayu FR in
Kunak (Table 30.6).
ii. Trusmadi Forest Reserve (FMU 10)
The montane forest of FMU 10 consists of three distinct forest
formations, i.e lower montane forest, upper montane forest and
summit scrub vegetation. As part of the monitoring programme
for ecosystem integrity, eight PSPs were established in the
Lower Montane Forest zone, where all trees above 10 cm
DBH were labelled and enumerated. PSPs were circular with
a radius of 20 m. More PSPs are planned to be set up in 2015.
iii. Timimbang-Botitian Forest Management Unit
The vegetation of the Timimbang-Botitian FMU comprises
mainly of regenerating lowland and upland mixed dipterocarp
385
Table 30.6: Total planted seedlings/propagules/cuttings as of 30 Dec 2014 under the SFD-ISME Collaborative Project: Rehabilitation
of Mangroves in Sabah.
Location
Planted area (Ha)
Total number of propagules/seedlings/
cuttings/seeds planted
Species planted
Year planted
Phase I (2011-2013)
Sg Lalasun
12
Sg Batang
5.5
Sg Luboh
0.5
Samawang, Miles (25)
2
Sg ISME
2
Tg Pisau (1)
3
Tg Pisau (2)
1.5
Sandakan
Rhizophora apiculata
Terminalia catappa
R. mucronata
Ceriops tagal
Avicennia alba
18,100 (seedlings/propagules)
500 (seedlings)
5,500 (propagule)
1,400 (seedlings)
250 (seedlings)
5,000 (seedlings/propagule)
2011 & 2012
2011 & 2012
2011 & 2012
2011 & 2012
2011
2011
Terminalia catappa
Terminalia catappa
Avicennia alba
Terminalia catappa
Bruguiera cylindrica
Ceriops tagal
Rhizophora mucronata
Avicennia alba
580 (seedlings/propagule)
20 (seedlings)
250 (seedlings)
500 (seedlings)
50 (seedlings)
180 (seedlings/propagules)
20 (seedlings)
200 (seedlings)
500 (propagules)
100 (seedlings)
1,500 (propagules)
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
Terminalia catappa
800 (propagules)
2,000 (propagules)
200 (seedlings)
2013
2013
2013
Total
40,850
Beaufort
Sg Garama (1)
30
Sg Garama (2)
30
Sg Klias (1)
15
Sg Klias (2)
22
19,000 (cuttings)
12,000 (propagules)
180 (seedlings)
10 (seedlings)
150 (seedlings)
60 (seedlings)
200 (seedlings)
3,500 (propagules)
20,500 (cuttings)
7,500 (propagules)
800 (seedlings)
9,000 (cuttings)
18,500 (seeds)
2,600 (propagules)
12,000 (cuttings)
1,000 (seedlings)
Hibiscus tiliaceus
Ceriops tagal
Terminalia catappa
Avicennia alba
Aglaia cucullata
Xylocarpus granatum
Hibiscus tiliaceus
Ceriops tagal
Hibiscus tiliaceus
Nypa fruticans
Hibiscus tiliaceus
Crytoxylum arborescens
112,000
Total
Sg Mattangar
22
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2013
2013
2013
2013
2013
2013
2013
2014
2014
2014
2014
Beluran
Terminalia catappa
Ceriops tagal
Avicennia alba
Hibiscus tiliaceus
Bruguiera cylindrica
2,218 (seedlings)
7,500 ropagules/seedlings)
150 (seedlings/propagules)
100 (seedlings)
20 (seedlings)
12 (seedlings)
2013
2013
2013
2013
2013
2013
2013
26,800
Total
... continued on next page
Annual Report 2014
386
... continued from previous page (Table 30.6)
Location
Planted area (Ha)
Pangkalan Madai
2.5
Pangi Ujung
3.5
Total number of propagules/seedlings/
cuttings/seeds planted
Species planted
Kunak
Ceriops tagal
Ceriops tagal
Avicennia alba
4,800 (propagules)
3,500 (propagules)
500 (propagules)
800 (propagules)
500 (propagules)
100 (propagules)
20 (seedlings)
Year planted
2013
2013
2013
2013
2013
2013
2013
10,220
Total
Phase II (2014-2019)
Ex-ARCA OP
50
Kunak
Terminalia catappa
Nypa fruticans
Avicennia alba
50
Ex-FELDA OP # 2
25
2014
2014
2014
2014
2014
65,520
Total
Ex-FELDA OP # 1
34,000 (propagules)
1,500 (seedlings)
20,000 (propagules)
10,000 (seeds)
20 (seedlings)
Kalabakan
Planting in progress
Preparation
document
of
tender
Note:
i. Total degraded area covered: 151.5 hectares (Phase I) and another 50 hectares (Phase II)
ii. Seedlings/propagules/cuttings/seeds planted as of 30 Dec 2014: approx. 189,870 (Phase I) & 65,520 (Phase II)
iii.Planting in Sandakan was carried out by staff of SFD, volunteers (Kyoto High School, Sandakan Scouts, Tokio Marine Nichido & Fire
Insurance Co. Ltd. and ISME).
iv.Mangrove planting in Beaufort district is confined to Padas Damit Forest Reserves, along Sg. Garama & Sg. Klias, famously known as
an important habitat for the Bornean endemic of proboscis monkey (Nasalis larvatus).
Sepilok Arboretum
Routine works such as trails maintenance, pathway clearance,
etc. within the Sepilok Arboretum were led by RA Jamirus
Jumian. Several out-stations and field works were conducted
(i.e. collections of living plants material & research work related
to orchid garden support facilities) in the year 2014 mainly in
the districts of Lahad Datu, Kinabatangan, Tongod, Telupid,
Ranau, Keningau, Tenom, Sipitang and Kota Kinabalu. The
target areas were mainly forest reserves throughout Sabah.
Additional wild orchids were collected from the lowlands areas
and raised in the orchid conservatory at RDC Sepilok. Living
orchids collected from the highland localities were deposited
in Sabah Parks’s Orchid Garden Collection at Poring,
Kundasang, Ranau.
Several RDC Staff attended courses to enhance their
work skills, and participated in national and international
conferences to network and exchange ideas with like-minded
people. Overall, this year has been a busy and fruitful year.
a. Visitors and revenue of RDC
It is promising to see the increasing number of visitors to RDC
yearly. We received 41,399 visitors this year, an increase of
8,560 from the 32,839 in 2013. A comparison of the number
of visitors for 3 years (2012-2014) is found in Chart 30.3. The
visitors in 2014 consist of 18,405 (44%) Malaysian residents,
14,705 (36%) non-residents, and 8,289 (20%) non-paying
visitors. Non-paying visitors comprised of official guests
of the Department, family members of staff, special-needs
children, and officials of two major public events held at RDC;
the Borneo Bird Festival and the Rhythms of Rimba Wildlife
Festival music festival. The Borneo Bird Festival recorded
6,149 visitors in 3 days, whereas the debut of Rhythms of
Rimba Wildlife Festival attracted about 1,200 people, mainly
music fans, local and foreigners alike.
The total revenue from ticket collection increased by
RM21,354.00 to RM294,190.00, from the RM272,836.00 in
2013. We expect a greater increase in these figures in future
as some countries withdraw their travel advisories against
travelling to Sabah, following the Tanduo standoff in February
–March 2013, and the subsequent kidnapping incidences after
that. Furthermore, there are a few lodges coming up adjacent
to RDC, which could contribute to a higher visitor record in
2015.
ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION
As an important environmental education (EE) centre in
Sabah, RDC continues to inspire confidence from within and
outside of the department to conduct EE-related training.
This year the RDC team conducted 4 EE-related courses for
other organisations, 3 in-house training courses and 3 training
courses for students. Besides that, they also organised several
environmental events, conducted numerous EE programmes
for students, while at the same time continued to manage
the facilities and enhance services at the Centre. RDC also
participated in the most historical event of the department this
year; the Forestry Department’s Centennial celebration.
387
RDC has again received the Certificate of Excellence bearing 4.5 out of 5 stars, for the third consecutive year from TripAdvisor.
com. This award indicates RDC to be a highly recommended nature attraction by tourists. TripAdvisor.com is a user-reviewed travel
website that assists travellers in gathering travel information, posting reviews and opinions of travel-related content and engaging in
interactive travel forums. Although tourism is not the core function of RDC, getting such recognition from tourists worldwide enables
us to benchmark our facilities and services based on tourists’ opinion.
Total visitors = 41,399
10000 Non-‐Residents 6187 4272
3496
2432
2710
2684
2244
4000 2012
5000 2684
6000 1225 336 2086
7000 2391
8000 5287
9000 Number of Visitors Non-‐Paying 9101
Residents 10000 5000 0 32,354
12880 15203 16430 13790 9182 11832 13364 14201 16,817
20,734
28004 26815 16,105
15000 6304 20,726
20000 24,450
25000 24,163
30000 21,029
35000 Non-‐Residents 24,482
35,294
Residents 40000 19,668
Revenue (RM) Total Revenue = RM294,190
45000 38,366
40 2032 87 46 118 56 890 3059 38 29 2043 42 85 1045 1154 2000 635 538 565 858 924 962 2024 1000 1957 1904 1815 1518 1413 1492 1046 1197 1552 1484 1003 0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Month Chart 30.1: Number of Visitors to RDC in 2014.
3000 7568 7457 7239 8960 8020 11544 8902 8479 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Month 18153 10362 9249 8648 11604 Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Chart 30.2: Revenue from RDC Entrance Fee in 2014.
Residents Non-‐Residents Non-‐Paying 350000 40000 37,101
1209 30000 11525 41,399
32,839
1031 8289 12776 14705 19032 18405 2013 Year 2014 Ringgit Malaysia (RM) Number of visitors 50000 20000 10000 0 24367 2012 Annual Report 2014
300000 250000 200000 150000 50000 Residents 272,836
205,590
110447 294,190
124524 98135 100000 0 Chart 30.3: Number of visitors for the period of 3 years in RDC.
Non-‐Residents 107455 2012 162389 169666 2013 Year 2014 Chart 30.4: Revenue from RDC entrance fee for 3 years.
388
b. Staff and interns at RDC
RDC is fortunate to have two additional staff this year; Ms
Yuli Bang Bang Ardiansjah (Q17) and Fazidah Ismail (Q17).
However, we also saw two staff leaving us. Mayliza Good (Q27),
moved to KK in September to join her husband and Azizi Hanif
Bin Miskon enrolled in the Ranger Training Course at IPS. Our
current workforce comprises 30 staff, with 3 receptionists, 4
cleaners, 2 security guards, 2 administrative staff, 1 driver, 5
education staff and 13 ground staff. At present, the number of
staff is quite sufficient. However, we could do more in terms
of ground maintenance and upkeep of facilities with a few
more additional ground staff, especially in anticipation of the
increasing number of visitors in the coming years.
The RDC received and trained 39 student interns this year,
compared to 21 in 2013. They were from UiTM (14), UMS (7),
UPM (8), Polytechnic (1), Universiti Brunei Darussalam (2),
UniTAR (1) and Sandakan Community College (6). They were
mainly Tourism, Conservation Biology and Forestry students,
with some majoring in Parks and recreation. We believe and
we try our best in providing the best working experience for
all our interns. We also train them in interpretation and basic
birding skills. As RDC is an environmental education (EE)
centre, most interns acquire hands on experience conducting
EE activities through our numerous environmental education
programmes. Interns who spent more than two months with
us will most probably have the opportunity to be involved in at
least one of the major events that we organise. They will gain
tremendous organising skills in the process.
c. EE programme for students conducted at RDC
A total of 1,542 students and 289 teachers/ caregivers from 38
groups participated in our environmental education programme
at RDC this year through various activities. These include
school groups, associations, Jr Rangers’ birding groups and
students who participated in the Borneo Bird Festival guided
school visits and participants of the Children Bird Camp.
However, this figure excludes students who participated in the
EE programme outside of RDC, such as the Tanak Wetlands
Camp II and the HoB Roadshows.
EE programme for students
(L-R) Tabika Kemas Sepilok is a regular kindergarten group at RDC; Tabika Al Fateh doing the Bingo game at the Plant Discovery Garden; and
RDC student interns are also tasked to conduct EE programmes as part of their training.
(L-R) SM Sung Siew students during their Prefect Leadership Camp; Trainee teachers from IPG Gaya, Kota Kinabalu get first hand experience in
EE; and SMK Elopura II, experiencing the Plant Discovery Garden through the ‘Senses Trail’.
Table 30.7: Environmental Education Programme (EEP) conducted by RDC
Month
February
March
Schools/ groups
8th: Guided walk for Felda Sahabat group
8th: Institute Perguruan Gaya, Kota Kinabalu
12th : Wako University & SMK Elopura II (School Caravan Programme)
389
Number of students/
trainees
20
20
12
Number of accompanying
teachers/ lecturers
35
4
1
Month
April
May
June
August
September
October
November
December
Schools/ groups
12th: SM Sung Siew
12th: KL International School KL
15th: Tabika Kemas Sepilok
16th: Pusat Pendidikan Islam Integrasi Al-Fateh Sabah
19th: MRSM Tawau
26th : MRSM Sandakan
10th: SMK Elopura II
24th: SM St. Cecilia
24th: SK Fajar Harapan
27th: Tadika Pelangi Methodist Sandakan
6th : Sepilok Jr Rangers’ candle making activity
13th : Sepilok Jr Rangers’ candle making activity
18th: A talk on Good Forest Governance to University Miami 1st group
30th: A talk on Good Forest Governance to University Miami 2nd group
30th: SK St. Monica, Sandakan
6th: Cheshire Home (special children), Sandakan
11th: Tabika Istimewa
25th -27th : Children’s Bird Camp participants
26th – 28th: Guided Educational Walk, Borneo Bird Festival
11th: Tabika Kemas Tongod
16th: EEP for SK Batu Putih Baru
18th: EEP for Tabika Kemas Kg. Kimansi, Beluran
21st -22nd : UPM Bintulu, Sarawak
23rd: Tabika Kemas Kg. Tagas-Tagas
30th : Little Play School
7th: Tabika Kemas Kg. Air, Beluran
8th: Pra-Sekolah SK Sakilan Desa
13th: Universiti Malaysia Sabah
14th: Tabika Kemas Kg. Pelantong, Beluran
15th: Tabika Kemas Pasti Mawar
17th: SK Sukau, Kinabatangan
17th: SK Sri Tanjung Papat 1
9th: Pertubuhan Pengurusan Rumah Amal Selawat Nabi Sandakan
Total
1,542
d. The Kiyosato Educational Experiment Project (KEEP)
environmental education exchange programme with RDC
KEEP—an environmental NGO based in Yamanashi,
Japan—and RDC began this exchange programme in 2008
through a volunteer (JOCV) at that time, Ms Sayaka Suzuki.
The programme called, ‘NEC World Children Nature Club’, is
sponsored by the NEC Corporation of Japan. It is aimed at
fostering better understanding about the environment among
children globally, by sharing through video-conferencing using
Skype. Initially, the programme started between students in
Japan and Malaysia. This year, 4 countries were involved,
which are Malaysia, Japan, China and Taiwan. For RDC,
representing Malaysia, the programme was held in Sepilok.
Seventeen students (age 10-12 years) from 6 primary schools
in Sandakan, including 4 Sepilok Jr Rangers participated in this
year’s international exchange programme. For the Malaysian
students, they visited the Sepilok Orangutan Rehabilitation
Centre, the Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre and
RDC. Throughout the 3-day weekend camp, these students
shared their learning experiences with friends from the other
3 countries. This programme has had very positive feedback
from both students, parents and their accompanying teachers.
Annual Report 2014
Number of students/
trainees
120
20
10
11
31
165
29
39
47
70
24
23
19
20
117
29
42
33
64
22
75
15
20
7
40
36
25
65
16
40
22
47
19
Number of accompanying
teachers/ lecturers
15
2
2
5
6
10
3
11
6
5
5
11
2
2
27
3
4
5
4
2
10
17
2
15
10
39
2
1
2
2
4
2
5
289
e. The Sepilok Jr. Rangers Programme
It has been 8 years since The Sepilok Jr. Rangers Programme
was established by RDC. This Programme is no longer
unknown especially to schools in the Sandakan district.
Among professional local birders, the Jr Rangers whose ages
are between 9-17 are renowned as young skilled birders.
Currently, there are 35 Jr Rangers, mainly children of staff of
the Forestry Department and the Wildlife Department. Their
main activities this year were leading the Children Bird Camp
as Jr Board during the Borneo Bird Festival, propagating
plants which were donated to schools, making candles out of
used cooking oil and the Annual Jr Ranger Bird Race. Apart
from that, they also participated in the Tanak Wetlands Camp
II, the NEC World Children Nature Club video-conferencing
and performed the theme song “Let it go” during the opening
of the 6th Borneo Bird Festival. The highlight of this year’s
activities was their participation in the fascinating parade
during the historical Sabah Forestry Department’s Centennial
grand celebration in Kota Kinabalu.
390
NEC World Children Nature Club: An International Environmental Education Exchange Programme through videoconferencing
This is the 8th year of this programme between RDC and KEEP, with
funding from NEC of Japan.
Participants had an educational experience at the Bornean Sun Bear
Conservation Centre by Ms. Gloria, their Education Officer.
This video-conferencing is an annual event between RDC and KEEP
of Japan. This year 4 countries were involved.
A final picture ‘together’ with participants from other countries.
Sepilok Junior Rangers activities
The Sepilok Jr. Rangers performing the theme song “Let it go” during the
Borneo Bird Festival.
Jr Rangers propagating plants to be donated to schools.
Bird Race is an annual event of the Sepilok Jr Rangers. It is also their
favourite activity.
Patrick from the UK volunteered to provide English classes to the Jr.
Rangers for a few weeks.
391
Table 30.8: Sepilok Jr Rangers activities
Month
Events
Jr Rangers Involved
All Jr Rangers
1. Kelvin Luke Petol
Feb
2. Faverrizeo Joel
th
st
26 Feb – 1 March: Tanak Wetland
3. Joanne Racheal Juvilis
4. Joviana Jinot
1. Frizario Demsry Sufri
21st -23rd : NEC World Children Nature Club: An International EE Exchange Programme
2. Eldie Elzandie Samuel
between Malaysia, Japan, Taiwan & Beijing, held at RDC
March
3. Tracy Farah Jumin
29th: Seedling propagation and Environmental Education Programme
25 Jr Rangers involved
1. Faverrizeo Joel
2. Fernandez Joel
3. Marshall Neo Petol
4. Jovily Randy Juvilis
12th: Presented plants seedlings to schools during the Eco-School Green Flag Award 5. Jovy Reynard Juvilis
April
Ceremony of SMK Muhibbah, Sandakan.
7. Maccelina Men
8. Alizendra Paulivia Alian
9. Alvian Paulivince Alian
10.Wan Muhd Syazwi Maddaleh
May
19th, 21st, 23rd, 26th, 28th, : English Class during school holiday
Numbers not consistent
th
6 : Trekking to Pitta Path for Birding activity during school holiday
24 Jr Rangers
June
13th: Candle making activity
23 Jr Rangers
26th: Performed the theme song ‘Let It Go’ during the opening ceremony of the 6th Borneo 30 Jr Rangers
Bird Festival at RDC
Jr Rangers as Jr Board:
1. Faverrizeo Joel
September
2. Jovy Reynard Juvilis
26th – 28th: Participated and led the Children Bird Camp during the Borneo Bird Festival.
3. Nashyareel Sahrin
4. Alizendra Paulivia Alian
5. Mettracey Men
1. Marshall Neo Petol
2. Mohd Aiman Zachery Louis
3. Jovily Randy Juvilis
4. Nashsyareel Sahrin
9th -12th : Participated in the parade and facilitated the Centennial Quiz during the Centennial 5. Wan Syazwi Maddaleh
November
Forestry Celebration in Kota Kinabalu.
6. Fernandez Joel
7. Mettracey Men
8. Evelyn Indoroh
9. Mas Ayunie Sufri
10.Alizendra Paulivia Alian
9 RDC staff
December 12th: School holidays Bird Race among Sepilok Jr Rangers and staff of RDC
11 interns
18 Jr Rangers
8th: First meeting for Sepilok Jr Rangers
RDC’s participation in the SFD’s Centennial Celebration
(L-R) The RDC conducted a quiz opened to the public during the event; visitors old and young participated in the quiz; and together with other
SEEN (Sabah EE Network) members, RDC also provided EE activities for visitors.
Annual Report 2014
392
Educational Activities during the 6th Borneo Bird Festival at RDC
RDC organised all the children activities during the Borneo Bird
Festival. One of the favourite activities is the drawing competition
among school children.
Jr Birders birding on the RDC Canopy Walkway.
Participants of the Children’s Bird Camp proudly show off their certificates
at the closing of the camp.
Our Local Birder Thorp, teaching one of the Children Bird Camp groups
on how to use a Bird Guide book.
f. Courses conducted by RDC
RDC is currently being recognised by other organisations for its skills and knowledge in environmental education (EE). This year,
RDC conducted two EE-related training—the ‘Basic Interpretation and Birding’, to about 25 EE staff of the Yayasan Sabah (YS)
Field Centre, at Imbak Canyon and a training on ‘Designing EE activities and programmes’ for the staff of KOPEL, at Batu Puteh,
Kinabatangan. RDC also conducted several other trainings for SFD staff, RDC student interns and students from SMK Sandakan.
Table 30.9: EE-Related Training conducted by RDC
Month
Feb
March
April
May
July
August
November
Events
17th – 22nd: Training Course on Interpretation Basics and Birding’ for Yayasan Sabah Field Centre
Environmental Education Staff.
10th – 14th: Training on ‘Mereka Bentuk Program dan Aktiviti Pendidikan Alam Sekitar’ for KOPEL –
Batu Puteh, Kinabatangan
23rd : In-house Effective Microbes (EM) Training Workshop
21st : Introduction to Interpretation Training
22nd : Introduction to Birding Training
19th : Basic Interpretation Course for SMK Sandakan students
19th – 21st: Ramsar CEPA Kit Training for community leaders
27th – 28th: DFO Training Course in EE for HoB
16th : Continuing Tourism-related Education (CTRE) on Birding and the development of RDC
26th – 27th : Environmental Education Training Course for SFD Nature Centre staff
Number of participants
25
6
Staff & Intern of RDC
7 Interns
7 Interns
12
23
18
30
22
g. RDC’s activities for Ramsar CEPA (Communication, Education, Participation & Awareness)
The RDC conducted two activities this year —the Ramsar CEPA Kit Training for community leaders and the Tanak Wetlands Camp
II. A total of 23 community leaders from around the Lower Kinabatangan-Segama Wetland Ramsar Site participated in this training
on how to use the Ramsar CEPA Kit. A follow-up activity is planned for 2015 at the Ramsar Site.
Another target audience for the Ramsar CEPA activities are the young generations. The Tanak Wetlands Camp II was organised
in conjunction with World Wetlands Day 2014. The theme of the event was “Wetlands and Agriculture, partners for growth”. Due
to heavy flooding in Tenom where the camp was initially planned for, the venue had to be diverted to the KK Wetlands Centre.
Nonetheless, the 48 secondary school students from 9 schools had a valuable learning experience on mangrove ecosystem at KK
Wetland, rice cultivation at the Tuaran Agricultural Research Centre and mangrove planting at Sulaman Lake, among others.
393
Ramsar CEPA activities: Ramsar CEPA Kit Training & Ramsar Expedition
Participants of the Ramsar CEPA Training included community leaders of
villages around the Lower Kinbatangan-Segama Wetlands Ramsar Site.
Arni Natalia Arpa and an intern participated in the Ramsar
Expedition, in the public awareness team.
Tanak Wetlands Camp II
Tanak Wetlands Camp II with 48 participants from secondary schools
in Sabah.
Participants of the Tanak Wetlands Camp II planting mangrove at
Sulaman Forest Reserve.
The two activities were organised in collaboration with JICA and also with KK Wetland Society for the Tanak Wetlands Camp.
Apart from the two events, 3 RDC staff participated in the Ramsar Scientific Expedition at the Ramsar Site in Kinabatangan.
They were mainly involved in the bird inventory group, the tourism and EE group and in the botanical group.
h. RDC’s activities for HoB
The main role of RDC in the HoB programme, is to create awareness on the HoB to the people of Sabah in general. Several
roadshows were planned, initially targeting school children and rural community. Between 2012 and 2013, we conducted roadshows
in Telupid, Sipitang and Lahad Datu targeting primary and secondary schools.
This year, we conducted one in Keningau for students and the other one was at Kg, Kenang Kenangan, Tongod, targeting rural
community. A total of 100 people from 4 villages participated. The main activity during the roadshow was the ‘role play’ game. The
participants were divided into 7 stakeholders, where each stakeholder was given different roles to act out. The aim of the game is
for the participants to understand the different opinion and stance of each stakeholder in a given situation, where there are conflicts
HoB activities by RDC: HoB awareness roadshow for community
(L-R) Posters on HoB attracted curious community members of Kg Kenang Kenangan, Tongod; the community at Kg. Kenang Kenangan, Tongod,
participating in the grass composting activity during the HoB Road Show; and the main activity during the roadshow was the ‘Role Play’ game.
Annual Report 2014
394
HoB activities by RDC: HoB Roadshow in Keningau
Deputy Director (Management) Mr Rahim Sulaiman
officiated the HoB Roadshow for the Keningau District.
Some of the HoB posters displayed during the roadshow.
HoB activities by RDC: EE Training for DFO
Presentation on EE plans for SFD’s Districts.
Playing a simulation game called ‘Role Playing’.
between development and the conservation of the environment. It is hoped that this game will enhance their understanding of
importance of having a balance between development and conservation.
Another activity for HoB this year was ‘The DFO Training Course in EE’. A total of 18 DFOs and ADFOs participated in the 2-day
training held at RDC. The aim of the training was to enhance their understanding of EE, as well as to assist them in identifying
facilities and resources available under their care, in order to develop suitable EE activities and/ or programmes for their area.
i. Conference and Training participated by staff of RDC
This year, RDC staff participated in various courses/ trainings. Some courses are compulsory such as the ‘Kursus Penerangan
Peringkat Jabatan’ and ‘Program Transformasi Minda (PTM)’. However, others are not compulsory but essential for the enhancement
of skills and knowledge for better work performance of staff. RDC also organized a first aid and search and rescue (SAR) course
involving 33 SFD staff, including 17 RDC staff. Arni Natalia Arpa attended the ‘Training Program for Young Leaders on Nature
Conservation’, in Hokkaido, Japan. This training was sponsored by JICA. Besides that, 2 staff attended the Nature Centres
Management Course, at Rumbia Information Centre.
Training on First Aid and Search & Rescue (SAR) for SFD’s Nature Centre staff
Practical activities to simulate actual situation are essential part
of the training.
A total of 33 SFD staff participated in this training arranged by RDC.
395
RDC also participated in 2 international conferences this year. Loraiti Lolin was invited by the Ministry of Environment of Japan
to participate in the ‘Expert Conference on Development of Island Sustainable Society’. She presented a paper entitled ‘Educating
for a better environment: The RDC Experience in ESD’. Bernadette D Joeman and Phylesia Jill Rama participated in the ‘Best of
Both Worlds Conference: An International Conference on EE’, in Bertiago, Brazil. They co-authored a paper together with G.Hubert
Petol and Loraiti Lolin entitled ‘Nurturing environmental behaviours through the Sepilok Junior Rangers’.
Training on Environmental Education for SFD’s Nature Centre staff
Participants playing the ‘Role Play’ game as a tool to understand the
different sides of an environmental issue.
Participants playing an EE activity called ‘Small Things’.
Training and conferences attended by the RDC Staff
(L) Arni-Natalia Arpa (First row, 2nd from left) at the Young Leaders’ Training, Hokkaido, Japan and (R) Jamirus Jumian presenting on behalf of his
group during the Nature Centres Management Training, Rumbia Information Centre.
Table 30.10: Events organised/conducted by RDC
Month
January
February
March
April
December
Events
25th: Blood Donation Drive – conducted by interns
26th Feb – 1st Mar: Tanak Wetlands Camp II, in collaboration with JICA-SDBEC and KK Wetlands, held in
Kota Kinabalu
21st -23rd : NEC World Children Nature Club: An International EE Exchange Programme between Malaysia,
Japan, Taiwan & Beijing, held at RDC
2nd: HoB Roadshow in Keningau
4th : HoB Roadshow for Community Kg. Kenang Kenangan, Tongod.
Participants
197 (public)
48 students from 9 schools
21 children, aged 10-12
200 students
100
Table 30.11: Official visitors to RDC
Month
Visitor
Number
16 : Permanent Secretary Ministry of Resource
10
Planning and Environment (MPRE), YBhg. Datu
Sudarsono Bin Osman
22nd : Pengerusi Jawatankuasa Kesihatan
26
Pelancongan dan Kebudayaan Negeri Perak
24th : Sabah Parks group
10
8th : Sarawak Forestry group
15
th
17 : SFD Safety Committee Working Group
3
Month
May
July
Visitor
Number
27 : US Ambassador to Malaysia & delegates
22
24th : Institute of Development Studies (IDS)
11
11th -12th : Participants of the JICA Malaysia
24
August
Third Country Training Programme (TCTP)
26th : Tun Abdullah Ahmad Badawi & Tun Jean
6
September
Abdullah & group
October
11th : Bahagian Dasar & Cabinet, JKM
15
November 5th : Polis Gerak Awam (PGA) group
20
th
February
April
Annual Report 2014
396
th
Notable visitors to RDC
24 participants representing 5 countries participated in the Third
Country Training Programme.
US Ambassador to Malaysia, Joseph Y. Yun and his wife, Melanie
Billing-Yun.
Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Resource Planning, Sarawak, YBhg.
Datu Sudarsono Osman at the RDC.
Chairman of Jawatankuasa Kesihatan Pelancongan dan Kebudayaan
Negeri Perak (1st from left).
PLANT DIVERSITY PROGRAMME
RESEARCH & ACTIVITIES
1. Plant Taxonomy Research
a. Tree Flora of Sabah and Sarawak
(TFSS) Project
This is a national collaborative project
amongst the Forest Research Institute
of Malaysia (FRIM), Sabah Forestry
Department and Sarawak Forest
Department, which commenced in
1992. The objectives of the project are
to document and update the taxonomic
status of all tree species that occur
in Sabah and Sarawak, as well as to
upgrade local expertise in plant taxonomy
research. Up to 2014, eight (8) volumes
of the flora containing 78 families
were published. So far the project has
recorded 2,203 species and 352 genera
from Borneo. Of these, 724 species
are endemic to Sabah and Sarawak (or
Borneo). Plant groups that are being
revised are Pentaphylacaceae and
Theaceae by John Sugau, Rothmannia
(Rubiaceae) by Dr. Joan Pereira and
Ternstroemia (Pentaphylacaceae) by
Suzana Sabran.
A poster entitled “Three Bornean
endemic species of Ternstroemia
(L–R, Clockwise) Poster on Ternstroemia presented at the 8th International Conference on Serpentine
Ecology (ICSE). A voucher specimen of Ternstroemia, a possibly new species, distinguished by
having a sand-paper texture at the lower leaf surface when dried; A fruiting branch of “Rothmannia
grandis”, a species found in Borneo (Sarawak, Brunei and Kalimantan) and Peninsular Malaysia,
collected from the peat swamp forest in Bukit Lima Forest Reserve, Sibu. 397
(Pentaphylacaceae) found in ultramafic habitats in Sabah, Malaysia” was presented during The 8th International Conference on
Serpentine Ecology (ICSE) on 9th –13th June 2014 in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah.
Botanists from SAN Herbarium organised a botanical field trip to various areas in Sarawak to collect Ternstroemia and
Rothmannia on 17th –28th August 2014. Three species of Ternstroemia i.e., T. aneura, T. bancana and one probably new species
and two Rothmannia taxa, i.e., “Rothmannia grandis” and “R. pseudoternifolia var. pseudoternifolia” were found and collected during
the field work. DNA materials of these genera were also collected. During this period, a visit to the Sarawak Herbarium (SAR) was
also made possible to examine materials of Ternstroemia and Rothmannia. A total of 50 specimens of Ternstroemia have been
annotated at the Sarawak Herbarium (SAR).
A
B
C
E
D
A. Dr Joan Pereira, Postar Miun and SAR Herbarium staff collecting in the field in Sarawak; B. Suzana taking photograph of a specimen,
Ternstroemia bancana, found in the kerangas forest in Bukit Serian, Kuching, Sarawak; C. Suzana examining specimens of Ternstroemia at SAR
Herbarium; D. Dr Pereira and Suzana, accompanied by the Curator of the Herbarium, Hajjah Mohizah binti Mohamad (2nd from the left), paid a
courtesy visit to the Head of the Forest Research Division, Sarawak Forestry Department, Abang Mohd. Mohtar bin Abang Pawozan (far right) &
E. Dr Pereira examining specimens of Rothmannia and Payena (Sapotaceae) at SAR Herbarium.
b. Tree Flora of Peninsular Malaysia (TFPM) Project
This project was initiated by the Forest Research Institute of Malaysia (FRIM) and aims to provide a comprehensive revision of all
species of vascular plants in Peninsular Malaysia. Two genera of the Sapotaceae are currently being revised i.e., Payena by Dr.
Joan Pereira and Sarcosperma by Suzana Sabran.
As a spin off project from this initiative, both botanists are also preparing a phylogenetic paper on Payena, and including
Sarcosperma as one of the outgroup species. This initiative is done in collaboration with Dr Peter Wilkie, Royal Botanic Garden
Edinburgh, Scotland, who is also the Coordinator of the Sapotaceae family for TFPM. As DNA materials are needed for this
A
D
B
C
A. Dr. Pereira with staff from Sarawak Forestry Corporation (SFC) collecting Payena ferruginea from Lambir Hills National
Park, Miri; B. Dami Anak Jude, tree climber of SFC, holding a branch of Payena ferruginea which was previously identified
as Payena obscura in the plots in Lambir Hills National Park; C. Dr Pereira, Suzana and Postar photographed with staff from
Sarawak Forestry Department, Yahud Hj. Wat and Dami Anak Jude, in front of a Payena obscura tree at Semengoh Nature
Reserve, Kuching; and D. A fruiting branch of Payena leerii collected from Bako National Park.
Annual Report 2014
398
endeavour, a botanical field work was organised to Sarawak
to also collect Sapotaceae specimens in various localities
in Sarawak from 17th to 28th August. A total of 58 voucher
specimens and 30 silica gel dried Sapotaceae specimens
were collected from the trip. Unfortunately, there was no
Sarcosperma found during the trip. A herbarium visit to SAR
Herbarium was also incorporated during this period, whereby
specimens of Payena and Sarcosperma were examined and
annotated.
Several field trips in Sabah were also organised
intermittently throughout the year to collect DNA materials of
Payena that were not collected before. Payena khoonmengiana
was attempted for collection at Ulu Tungud FR. However, the
tree that was found turned out to be Payena ferruginea. In
Siaunggau FR, Beaufort, Payena leerii was collected. A trip
was organised to the locality where one of the staff of the
Herbarium, G. Mikil collected a plant that resembles Payena
longipedicellata in 1962. Unfortunately, the species was not
able to be located as the forest within Halogilat is now largely
secondary forest and some parts have been turned into
villages. One of the highlights of the search for rare Payena
species was the discovery of a third specimen of “Payena
kinabaluensis” which was previously only known from the type
specimen from “Dallas”, collected by the Clemenses in 1931.
The second specimen (a small sterile tree) was discovered
in an unprotected forest, close to Kg. Lobong Lobong, at the
foothills of Mt Kinabalu in 2012. It was a coincidental finding as
the trip to this area was in search of another Payena species,
Payena gigas. The third specimen was discovered in a village
in Kota Belud, Kg. Tambatuon in May 2014. Several seedlings
and saplings of this species were first discovered but later a
mature tree reaching about 20 m tall and 80–90 cm diameter
was encountered. Fortunately, the population of this species
is located in the Kinabalu Park area, a protected area under
Sabah Parks.
species level phylogeny of the family Sapotaceae. Dr Pereira
has also expressed her keen interest in the involvement with the
Sapotaceae Group’s commitment in providing the information
on the family to the World Flora On-line initiative and to deliver
Global Conservation Assessments of Sapotaceae by 2020.
Dr Pereira also examined collections of Sapotaceae,
particularly of the genus Payena from Sabah. From this (and
work at SAN Herbarium), several specimens included in the
phylogenetic work have been re-identified.
(Above) A group photo of
the participants of the 4th
International Sapotaceae
Symposium held in the Royal
Botanic Garden Edinburgh.
(Right) Dr Pereira with an
African botanist, Dr Corneille
Ewango discussing about
the Sapotaceae specimens
deposited in the Herbarium.
(L-R): Botany staff with the village Head of Kg. Tambatuon, posing in front of the forest (the hill behind) where “Payena kinabaluensis” was
discovered; the mature tree reaching 20 m tall and about 90 cm diameter; the fallen leaves and flowers of “P. kinabaluensis”.
As a consequence of this collaboration, Dr Pereira was
invited to present a talk during the 4th International Sapotaceae
Symposium held at the Royal Botanic Garden of Edinburgh,
Scotland from 7th to 9th October. The trip was partly sponsored
by the Sibbald Trust of the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh
(RBGE). The paper presented was on the morphology and
phylogenetics of the genus Payena. In discussions at the
symposium, it was agreed that this paper, published together
with RBGE staff (Dr Peter Wilkie and Ruth Hollands) would
form part of the proposed Sapotaceae special volume of the
Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society.
During the Symposium, discussions with Dr Peter Wilkie,
Dr James Richardson and Ruth Hollands were made on
proposals to develop collaborative projects to produce a
2. Botanical Expeditions/ Assessments
a. Botanical Expeditions in the Heart of Borneo Project
(HoB)
Plant inventories in selected areas through scientific
expeditions have continuously been organized under the
auspices of the Heart of Borneo Project. For the year 2014,
two forest reserves, namely, Timimbang-Botitian and Sg.
Imbak (Block 2c2d) Forest Reserves were surveyed. A
summary of families and taxa numbers according to plant
groups that have been recorded from the forest reserves are
as listed in Table 30.12. During these surveys, a few endemic
species to Borneo and Sabah were encountered, including
one undescribed ginger species.
399
Table 30.12: Number of plant groups according to families and taxa, collected
during the botanical surveys at Sg. Imbak & Timimbang-Botitian FRs.
Timimbang-Botitian FR
Plant group
• Lycophyte
• Fern
Gymnosperm
Angiosperm:
• Monocotyledon
• Dicotyledon
Total
No. of
families
2
11
1
No. of taxa
5
24
5
Sg. Imbak FR (Block 2c2d)
No. of
families
2
18
2
No. of taxa
6
31
3
15
88
126
1,002
10
99
70
694
117
1,162
131
801
(Left) Expedition team to Timimbang-Botitian FRs on 17th−22nd Feb, 2014. (Right) The botanical team
collecting in the field.
(Left) Expedition team to Sg Imbak FR (Block 2c2d) in April 2014. (Right) The flora team is seen pressing plant specimens at the base camp in Sg.
Imbak FR, Tongod.
b. Scientific Expedition to Lower Sugut FR
The expedition was organized by FRC from 22nd to 27th Sept 2014 with 32 participants. One of the objectives of the expedition is
to collect data on biodiversity as the basis for the formulation of the Forest Management Plan (FMP) and High Conservation Value
Forest (HCVF) report for the forest reserve. A summary of families and taxa numbers according to plant groups that have been
recorded from the forest reserve is as listed in Table 30.13.
Table 30.13: Number of plant groups according to
families and taxa, collected during the botanical
survey at Lower Sugut Forest Reserve.
Plant Group
• Lycophyte
• Fern
Gymnosperm
Angiosperm:
• Monocotyledon
• Dicotyledon
Total
Annual Report 2014
No. of
families
1
14
1
No. of taxa
1
25
4
15
80
76
478
111
584
Expedition team to Lower Sugut FR. The photo was taken in front of the gate entrance to
Lower Sugut field station or Rose Camp.
400
(L-R) The team standing near the cave’s mouth; Shorea kudantensis; Shorea symingtonii. Two dipterocarp species endemic to Sabah, found in Lower
Sugut FR.
c. Scientific Expedition to the Lower Kinabatangan-Segama Wetlands (LKSW) Ramsar site
The expedition was organised by the Sabah Forestry Department from 16th to 26th June and was participated by around 60 people
from the Forest Research Centre, Universiti Malaysia Sabah and University of Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan. The team was based at
the newly completed Tundon Bohangin Field Centre, or now known as Kulamba Field Centre, situated at the confluence of Sungai
Kretam and Sungai Kulamba which flows through Dewhurst Bay into the Sulu Sea. The Botany team led by Dr Pereira did a botanical
survey (excluding the dipterocarps) of the areas adjacent to Tundon Bohangin Field Centre. The means of travelling from the Field
Centre to adjacent areas was through speed boats. The vegetation near the Centre is primarily mangrove forests. In the transitional
forest, a few pitcher plant species were also documented and only four species of dipterocarps. A total of 180 taxa were collected
during the survey.
Table 30.14: Number of plant groups according
to families and taxa, collected during the
botanical survey at the Lower KinabatanganSegama Wetlands (LKSW) Ramsar site.
Plant Group
• Lycophyte
• Fern
Gymnosperm
Angiosperm:
• Monocotyledon
• Dicotyledon
Total
A
No. of
families
1
8
1
No. of taxa
1
10
1
8
58
18
138
76
180
The first batch of the expedition team to Lower Kinabatangan-Segama Wetland from 16th to
20th June.
B
A. The botany and insect team heading back to base camp on the speed boat after doing
their surveys; B. The team who did the botanical survey is seen in the transitional
forest, adjacent to the Tundon Bahagin Field Centre; C. Simpoh, Dillenia suffruticosa
trees were found abundantly towards the inner landward margins of the mangroves; D.
The pitcher plant, Nepenthes mirabilis encountered in the transitional forest adjacent C
to the field centre.
D
3. Research & Development on Indigenous Ornamental Plants
A project entitled “Kajian Potensi Spesies Tumbuhan Tempatan dalam Perhutanan Bandar’ received funding from the 10th Malaysia
Plan (state fund) for two years (2014-2015). This project is in collaboration with several Programmes in the Centre. It aims to
promote native plants for ornamental purposes by documenting the techniques of propagation and also studying the insect, pest
and diseases of these plants.
Amongst the activities carried out by this project is the upgrading of the nursery roof at FRC and the remedial work on the
soil depression at the Tenompok nursery. Several field trips to collect potential native ornamental plants have been carried out
throughout the year.
401
A training course, ‘Latihan Penyelenggaraan Tapak Semaian dan Landskap’ at the Sabah Agricultural Park, Tenom was
participated by 10 staff from various programmes in the Centre between 24th and 26th June. Participants had indoor lectures as well
as practical training.
(L–R) Visit to the ornamental nursery at the Park; Trimming hedges using a trimmer machine; and Learning how to do budding technique.
(L–R) Jain Linton, Botanist of the Park showed the participants around the Native Orchid Garden; Herbert Lim, Head of the Apiculture Section,
showing participants around the Arboretum Garden; and a group photo of the participants with Nurul Syierah Tasim in the grounds of the Apiculture
Section.
On 24th July, a workshop on ‘An Introduction
to Begonia Species in Sabah’ with Dr Ruth Kiew
as facilitator of the workshop was organised by
the Programme at the Forest Research Centre.
A total of 18 participants joined the workshop,
including two participants from Sabah Parks
which aimed to learn more about the diversity
of Begonia with ornamental potential, how to
describe them and knowing how to differentiate
these various species in Sabah.
(Left) Dr Ruth Kiew and the FRC team went on a Begonia trip to Danum Valley
Conservation Area. (Right) Pius Gubilil collected Alocasia cuprea from Nalumad, Ranau.
(L–R) Dr Ruth Kiew from the Forest Research Institute of Malaysia (FRIM) facilitated the Begonia workshop at the Forest Research Centre;
Participants were also taught on how to sort out the Begonia herbarium specimens from Danum Valley; and Group photo of participants together
with Dr Ruth Kiew at the SAN Herbarium.
Annual Report 2014
402
As part of promoting the native plants of Sabah, researchers and staff involved in this project showcased mostly native plants as
a Vertical Garden display during the Forestry Department Centennial Celebration at Padang Merdeka, Kota Kinabalu from 9th to 12th
November. A total of 32 native species, such as the lipstick plant, Aeschynanthus tricolor (Gesneriaceae), bird’s nest fern, Aspenium
nidus (Aspleniaceae), Alocasia cuprea (Araceae), and peacock’s fern, Selaginella sp. (Selaginellaceae) were showcased.
(Left) Group photo of the team involved in the Vertical Garden setup. (Right) Vertical garden display.
C
A
B
D
E
A. Alviana Damit, assisted by Jamirus Jumian giving the briefing to YAB Datuk Seri Panglima Musa Aman, Sabah Chief Minister and distinguished
guests. B. Mr Tony Lamb helping in the identification of the plants. C. Aeschynanthus tricolor. D. The bird’s nest fern, Asplenium nidus. E. Alocasia
cuprea.
A total of about 2500 pots of ornamental plants are being raised at the FRC
nursery. These include families such as Araceae, Apocynaceae, Begoniaceae,
Gesneriaceae, Piperaceae and Zingiberaceae. For the highland nursery in
Tenompok FR, up to the end of 2014, a total of 1360 planting materials are being
maintained.
BASIC TECHNIQUES FOR PROPAGATING
PITCHER PLANTS
Richard Majapun, Alviana Damit, Veronica S. Guanih & Eyen Khoo
The pitcher plant is normally separated into
two distinct groups; lowlands and
highlands. It is important for growers to
know its natural habitat and cultivate
according to its preference. Propagation of
Nepenthes basically comes in two methods,
stem cuttings and tissue culture. Most
Nepenthes enthusiast or small scale
nurseries would choose the conventional
way of stem cuttings. However, this is
limited by the number of cuttings
obtainable from the mother plant. Large
scale nurseries or research institutes tend
to adopt the tissue culture technique, in
order to produce rapid and mass
production. Moreover, it provides an option
for raising plantlets that can be used for
micro-cuttings.
Plant collection
Plant collection was conducted within forest
reserves during scientific expeditions and
field trips, throughout Sabah. Samples were
taken using steel cutter, consisting of matured
seed pods, shoot tips with leaves and middle
part of stems for each species.
1. Propagation from cuttings
The cutting consisted of a growing shoot with
one or two leaf nodes at length from 100 to
150 mm. Cuttings were later dipped in
industrial rooting hormone, to promote root
development before being planted in sand
beds. River sand was used as a medium and it
is treated with either sodium hypochlorite or
boiled hot water to eliminate the risk of
fungi/bacteria development.
Nepenthes macrovulgaris (Sabah endemic)
2. Tissue culture
The selected seed pods were kept in the
drying chamber at 45˚C overnight. The seeds
were removed from the seed pod and placed
into tea bags, and washed with a cleaning
agent. Sodium hypochlorite was used to
sterilize the seed surface. The seeds were
subsequently rinsed three times with distilled
water (dH2O). The seeds were then immersed
in 70% (v/v) ethanol for less than one minute
and rinse with distilled water, before being
cultured in Petri dishes containing Musaragie
& Skoog media.
3. Acclimatization of plantlets
The media for the plantlets consisted of a
moist combination of sand, coconut peat and
live sphagnum moss. The pots were placed in
an enclosed chamber to maintain the
humidity and to avoid moisture loss, during
the hardening process. It was later placed in a
Nepenthes ampullaria
Maintaining and care for the stock plants
Element
Sun
Nepenthes generally likes bright light without much direct sunlight.
The pitcher plants require at least 50% relative humidity and it is best to keep
the humidity as high as possible.
Watering
Nepenthes can be watered up to twice daily using rainwater or distilled water.
The frequent watering is beneficial to wash away any accumulated salts.
Highland species prefer night temperatures of 7° - 18°C. If night temperature
too high, they will tend to produce smaller leaves and grow more slowly.
Lowland species, however, prefer warm temperatures at night, preferably
above 21°C.
Fertilizer
The use of excessive fertilizer will cause burning of the roots which leads to
death of tissue.
Additional
Adding water to the pitchers will prevent the pitchers from getting dry and
dying. Occasionally feeding the pitcher plants with small insects is a good
practice; that would help them to consume the alternative source of nutrients.
care
shady outdoor environment to avoid excessive
sunlight and rain. The hardening process would
take up to approximately 5 weeks, before the
plantlets could be transferred out to the misting
chamber.
RESULTS
To date, a total of 10 species of Nepenthes have
been successfully propagated via tissue culture
or stem cuttings. These species are; N. gracilis,
N. ampullaria, N. reinwardtiana, N. rafflesiana, N.
fusca, N. mirabilis, N. veitchii, N. macrovulgaris,
N. tentaculata & N. x hookeriana (natural hybrid
of N. rafflesiana with N. ampullaria).
Of the 10 species, there are 3 Borneon endemics
and 1 Sabah endemic. Some of them are listed in
the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species,
categorized as Least Concern (LC), Near
Threaten (NT) and Vulnerable (VU).
Nepenthes rafflesiana
Nepenthes veitchii (Borneon endemic)
CONCLUSIONS
Description
Humidity
Temperature
In terms of publication, one paper has been published in Sepilok Bulletin and
another 3 posters were presented during the 17th Malaysian Forestry Conference
in Magellan Sutera Harbour, Kota Kinabalu from 11th to 12th November.
17TH MALAYSIAN FORESTRY CONFERENCE,
KOTA KINABALU 11-12 NOV 2014
MATERIALS & METHODS
INTRODUCTION
Nepenthes x hookeriana (hybrid)
(Left) Among the ornamental plants that are being planted at the FRC nursery. (Right)
Among the seedlings that are being raised at Tenompok nursery.
POSTER PRESENTED AT THE
Forest Research Centre, Sabah Forestry Department, P.O. Box 1407, 90009, Sandakan, Sabah.
Email address: [email protected]
The interest in cultivating pitcher plants has been around for decades due to their
ornamental value. Breeders continue to produce new varieties every year. Being
so unique and rare, the effort on propagating the pitcher plant is not only for its
ornamental purposes but also as a way to integrate ex-situ and in-situ plant
conservation, especially for species that are near threatened or endangered. Thus,
it contributes to the implementation of the targets of Global Strategies for Plant
Conservation at the State level.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We gratefully acknowledge the Director of Sabah Forestry Department, Datuk Sam
Mannan; Dr Lee Ying Fah, the Deputy Director of Research and Development for his
constant support, Forest Research Centre (FRC) staff, District Forestry Officers and their
staff who have kindly assisted us during our surveys.
REFERENCES
 Clarke, C. (1997). Nepenthes of Borneo. Natural History Publication, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia. p. 207
 Phillipps A, Lamb A, Lee CC. 2008. Pitcher Plants of Borneo, 2nd edition. Kota Kinabalu, Natural
History Publications (Borneo).
 Pierik, R.L.M. (1997). In vitro culture of higher plants. Kluwer academic publishers, Dordrecht,
Netherlands, pp. 21-146.
 Richard J. Majapun, Eyen Khoo, Joan T. Pereira, Veronica S. Guanih Maria Ajik, Kuina Kimjus, Rebecca
Chong, Andi M. Mustapeng, Suzana Sabran & John B. Sugau (2011). The potential of native plants in
Sabah for ornamental purposes: effort towards conservation and commercialization. Malaysian
Forestry Conference, 5-9 December 2011, Renaissance Hotel, Malacca.
 IUCN 2014. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.2. <http://www.iucnredlist.org>.
Downloaded on 24 July 2014.
ǣǤǤǡʹͲͲͺǡǤሺͳͻͻ͹ሻ
From left to right: The photos show the work flow on nepenthes propagation, via tissue culture and stem cuttings.
One of the scientific posters ‘Basic Techniques
For Propagating Pitcher Plants’ by Richard
Majapun, Alviana Damit, Veronica S. Guanih
& Eyen Khoo that was presented during the 17th
Malaysian Forestry Conference.
403
4. Sabah Endemic Plant Conservation Assessment
This is a project, jointly undertaken with the Biotechnology Programme to assess the conservation status of species that are endemic
to Sabah. Botanists and Research Assistants from the Programme have been involved in the conservation assessment exercise and
review of assessments for families with endemic species. One workshop was organised from 4th to 6th Feb. for this purpose.
Dr Pereira together with Alexander Hastie presented a talk entitled “The
Sabah Plant Red List Project” during the Environmental sustainability in
forestry activities and oil palm plantations: Conservation planning and
HCV management training organised by WWF-Malaysia on 7th–10th
April 2014, in Sandakan.
A scientific poster entitled ‘Sabah Plant Red List: Initiative to assess
the conservation status of the flora in Sabah’ by J.T. Pereira, C.R.
Maycock, E. Khoo, R.J. Majapun, J.B. Sugau & R. Nilus was presented
during the 17th Malaysian Forestry Conference held at Magellan Sutera
Harbour, Kota Kinabalu on 11th–12th Nov.
5. Project Collaboration with Scientific Researchers
a. Collecting and Identififying Orchids, Hoya and
Orchidantha Specimens for Sandakan Herbarium
Dr. Anthony Lamb, a Horticulturist
and Botanical Advisor has been
collecting and identifying orchids,
Hoya and Orchidantha specimens
for SAN. For the year 2014, a total
of 200 specimens, including orchids
have been collected and identified
and lodged at the Sandakan
Herbarium and other herbaria. In
terms of publication, eight new taxa
of Hoya from Sabah were described
and published in Sandakania 19.
In 2014, Dr. Alexander Kocyan,
(Left) The blooming flower of B. auratum found at Long Pasia area. (Right) Dr. Alexander Kocyan and
an orchid expert (with 10 of his
Suzana photographed during the field work in the kerangas forest at Long Pasia, Sipitang. The background
students) from the University of
area, known as “Taman Okid” by the local villagers, is dominated by the species Bulbophyllum virescens
Potsdam, Germany together with
(Orchidaceae).
Suzana Sabran (local collaborator)
went on a field trip to several areas in Sabah, e.g., kerangas
Sugau as the local collaborators. The collaboration started in
forest of Long Pasia, Sipitang; montane forest at Mt. Alab,
2010 and is still ongoing.
Tambunan and lowland mixed dipterocarp forest at Sapa
Payau FR, Telupid. Dr Kocyan’s research aims to document
Among the achievements:
the phylogenetics and genomics of Aeridinae; Genomics
• Substantially increased the knowledge on plant diversity
of apostasioid orchids; Genomics and phylogenetics of
and ecology of ultramafic ecosystems in Sabah.
mycoheterotrophic plants and barcoding of their associated
• Several scientific publications about the findings of the
fungi and the phylogenetic history of Oberonia. About 20
research have been jointly authored in leading scientific
samples of Orchidaceae (including DNA material) were taken
journals.
for further phylogenetic analysis in Germany.
• The 8th International Conference of Serpentine Ecology
Another orchid specialist, Mr Peter O’Byrne works with
(ICSE), the world’s foremost platform for specialist around
Suzana Sabran as local collaborator in the Sabah Orchid
the world studying ultramafic ecosystems, was organized
Project.
in Sabah in 2014.
• The number of herbarium material from little-collected
b. Plant Diversity, Soil Chemistry and Geospatial Analysis
plants in Sabah had increased and several new species to
Of Ultramafic Outcrops in Sabah, Malaysia
science have been described.
This is a collaborative project between The University of
• Organized and participated in a number of expeditions to
Queensland (Australia), Sabah Parks and Sabah Forestry
ultramafic outcrops across Sabah (mostly Class I Forest
Department. The principal researcher is Dr. Antony van der Ent
Reserves), with a focus on remote areas not studied
of the University of Queensland with Rimi Repin and John B.
before, which were participated by the staff of Sabah
Annual Report 2014
404
d. Pollination Biology of Artocarpus and the Evolution of
Domesticated Artocarpus species
Elliot Gardner from the Northwestern University and Chicago
Botanic Gardens, USA is working on his PhD. study. Dr
Pereira, being one of Elliot’s local collaborators in Sabah,
arranged his field work at Ulu Dusun Agriculture Station and
Tenom Agriculture Research Station (ARS Tenom) from 12th to
26th May.
Pollinators exclusion experiments on Artocarpus integer
at Ulu Dusun and A. odoratissimus at Ulu Dusun and ARS
Tenom were carried out. Small pilot studies on A. rigidus and
A. limpato (synonym: Prainea limpato) were also done.
John presenting the key note address during the conference (ICSE) at
Magellan Sutera Harbour, Kota Kinabalu on 6th June.
Collections
• Plants: 78 specimens, including 47 voucher specimens for
20 plant species (all Moraceae: 19 Artocarpus, 1 Malaisia).
• Fungi: 5 voucher specimens of fungi associated with
staminate inflorescences on three species of Artocarpus
(A. heterophyllus, A. integer, A. odoratissimus).
• Insects: >200 collections (this is an estimate because
for small insects, these are collected several in a tube
and identification is still on-going). These insects were
largely associated with inflorescences of A. integer and A.
odoratissimus, along with a smaller number trapped from
inflorescences of A. anisophyllus.
Parks and Sabah Forestry
Department.
• The publication of ‘Plant
diversity and ecology of
ultramafic
outcrops
in
Sabah (Malaysia)’ by A.
van der Ent, K.M. Wong,
J.B. Sugau and R. Repin
(has
been
submitted
to ‘Global ecology and
biogeography’).
c. Systematics, Biogeography Joint publication of the book
‘The Ultramafic Flora of
and Evolution of Viburnum
Sabah’ by Natural History
This is a study led by Prof.
Publications (Borneo).
Michael Donoghue from Yale
University, USA with several
associate researchers, Dr Patrick Sweeney (Yale Peabody
Museum of Natural History, USA), Dr Erika Edwards and Dr
David Chatelet (Brown University, USA). Dr Joan Pereira, one
of the local collaborators of this study arranged their field trip
to three areas, i.e., Kinabalu Park (including Serinsim substation) on 26th to 28th Feb. and Tabin Wildlife Reserve on 11th
to 14th March to conduct a multi-year phenological study of four
Viburnum species occurring in the vicinity of Mt. Kinabalu and
to make additional field observations of Viburnum amplificatum
from Tabin Wildlife Reserve for understanding the evolutionary
and systematic studies of Viburnum.
The major highlights of this work include establishing longterm plots for the study of Viburnum phenology; studying the
growth patterns of Viburnum clemensiae, V. amplificatum, and
V. vernicosum; and observing V. amplificatum in flower and
that it has yellow fruits at maturity. Most of these observations
could come only through direct field observations. Herbarium
specimens do not yield such information.
Some of the highlights of the trip include the opportunity to
be in Sabah during the peak flowering season for Artocarpus.
For understanding pollination—which we know little about for
Artocarpus—there is no substitute for observing the plants
in their native habitats during flowering season. Complete
specimens were able to be obtained for a number of species
Elliot Gardner (right) with Jeisin Jumian, Research Assistant from
this Programme who assisted Elliot in setting up his pollination
experiment at the Artocarpus plot in Ulu Dusun Agriculture Station.
(L–R) The researchers in the study: (from left) Dr Patrick Sweeney, Dr. Erika Edwards, Prof. Michael Donoghue and Dr. Joan Pereira (local
collaborator); Viburnum amplificatum, showing the large yellow fruits near the mud volcano at Tabin ; and Dr Erika Edwards showing pictures of the
light environment taken with a fish-eye lens at Tabin, Wildlife Reserve, near the mud volcano, under a V. amplificatum plant.
405
that will serve as the basis for detailed studies on flower
morphology to better understand the pollination systems of
these plants. Seeing the banana-scented inflorescences of A.
anisophyllus for the first time was a major highlight. Observing
the phenology of key species in two main areas (Tenom and
Sepilok / Ulu Dusun) for an entire month was invaluable.
Also, conducting a two-site pollinator exclusion experiment
on Artocarpus odoratissimus combined with day and night time
observations was very exciting. Preliminary results suggest that
this species—with tiny inconspicuous flowers—may require
pollination by large insects in order to set seed. If further data
bears this out, it would represent the first empirical evidence for
such a pollination syndrome in Artocarpus.
The monitoring and experiments set up at Ulu Dusun were
continued by staff from the Programme until Oct.
several localities in Sabah i.e., in and around Sandakan (Kebun
Cina) and Sepilok Forest Reserve; in and around Kinabalu
Park (Kinabalu NP, Mesilau, Poring, Mamut, Bukit Hampuan
Forest Reserve, Nalumad, Monggis sub-station) and Trusmadi
Forest Reserve from 14th June to 11th July. Botanical vouchers
and DNA samples of leaves (field dried on silica) of species
in four Fagaceae (genera Lithocarpus, Castanopsis, Quercus,
Trigonobalanus) were collected in Sabah. There are over sixty
species known to occur in the state. About 135 numbered
collections were made.
e. Phylogeny & Biogeography of the Calamus javensis
Blume Complex (Arecaceae, Calamoideae)
This Ph.D. study is being conducted by Mega Atria from
Naturalis Biodiversity Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Calamus javensis Blume is one of the very polymorphic rattan
species (climbing palms) that spreads over SE Asia and W
Malesia. The species concept is problematic and is most diverse
in N and W Borneo (Sabah, Brunei, Sarawak). In the course
of time, various species were recognised and united again,
likewise with many infraspecific names. The purpose of the
PhD research is to clarify the species concept by sequencing
DNA for phylogenetic and phylogeographic analyses.
Mega’s field trip to Sabah
was arranged by local
collaborator, Dr Pereira to
Sandakan
(Kabili-Sepilok
Forest Reserve), Telupid,
Ranau
(Poring,
Bukit
Hampuan FR, Tenompok
FR, Mamut Copper Mine,
Kinabalu
Park,
Mesilau
Nature Center), and Keningau
(Crocker Range National
Park) from 8th to 21st Sept.
Examination of C. javensis
specimens and those of
allied taxa was performed
in the Sandakan Herbarium.
The taxa identified were
Mega Atria is holding a rattan
Calamus acuminatus Becc.,
species, Calamus javensis which
C. amplijugus J. Dransf., C.
was collected from the Crocker
congestiflorus J. Dransf.,
Range Park.
C. elopurensis J. Dransf.,
C. flabellatus Furtado, C. javensis Blume, C. javensis var.
polyphyllus Becc., C. muricatus Becc., C. praetermissus J.
Dransf., and C. tenompokensis Furtado.
Dr Pereira discussing with Dr Strijk and field assistants at SAN
Herbarium about the trip.
Observations and peculiarities
During the work in Sandakan, in and near the inventoried plots
behind the Orang Utan Rehabilitation Centre, a large number
of trees that were in fact numbered were not included in the
Fagaceae sample lists. These were suspected as recent
additions to the inventories. Some of these trees were very tall,
and one sample was obtained using the large slingshot; and
this may be a new record for Sepilok. It is suspected that the
standing species list for Sepilok may be lacking a substantial
number of Fagaceae species, and in a follow-up visit, the
Fagaceae will be looked at more closely at and around Sepilok,
in particular the very tall trees. Also, the Kerangas area has not
been sufficiently sampled.
By far the highest concentration of Fagaceae was found
in and around the greater Kinabalu Park area. The area may
have some great prospects for collecting trips that would take
3–5 day hikes and staying out in the field, especially on the less
accessed sides of the region, such as near Monggis substation
and up Mt. Tambuyukon. A number of species encountered
there were not collected anywhere else, and this area should
be high on the list for follow-up work next year.
Due to previous logging
activities, right up to >1500m
asl, the number of species
and
specimens
retrieved
in Trusmadi FR was small.
Several specimens at lower
elevations were found, but
clearly, these were young
individuals, that, at the time of
logging there, were too small to
harvest. At higher elevations,
several species not collected
previously at Kinabalu Park
(KP) were recovered. It is
Strijk
photographing
possible that the Fagaceae Dr
flora of Trusmadi FR may have Fagaceae plants in the field.
been far more extensive, and
Further investigation and confirmation are needed, such as:
• The status of some particular forms found in the field
related to typical C. javensis.
• The status of the species C. flabellatus Becc. – whether
or not it should be included in the complex species of C.
javensis
New forms will be proposed as new species or varieties.
f. Systematics, Biogeography and Genomics of Tropical
Asian Fagaceae
This study was conducted by Dr Joeri Sergej Strijk from Guangxi
University, Nanning, China. Dr Pereira arranged his field trip to
Annual Report 2014
406
similar in species richness to that of KP, but with the forests of
Trusmadi in the current state, it is not useful to return there for
additional collecting of this group. More valuable regions would
be areas that have not been subjected to selective logging,
or have not been surveyed extensively before (such as the
central cores of Crocker Range). For follow-up work next year,
this could be an excellent target for a 3–7 day collecting trip
involving overnight stays in the forest.
and Tristiropsis (1 coll.). This field trip was very fruitful and
provided enough materials to better understand the spatiotemporal history of Sapindaceae in South-East Asia (the
molecular analyses are ongoing and a copy of the study will
be provided upon publication). Based on a preliminary analysis
of the collections, no new species of Sapindaceae have
been collected; however a note on the status of Dimocarpus
longan Lour. var. echinatus Leenh. will shortly be submitted
to Phytotaxa. A morphological examination of the specimens
deposited at SING and the images of herbarium specimens at
L allowed the discrimination of this variety from D. longan and
therefore raise it to species level.
Prospects
The fieldwork in Sabah has been very successful, both in terms
of numbers of species collected, as well as number of samples/
days spent in the field. The only drawback in Sandakan was
the number of fruiting/flowering specimens, as the collecting
was conducted in the wrong season for the lowland species.
For the upland specimens in Kinabalu, the timing was fairly
good, but many regions around, and on, Kinabalu, remain to
be sampled. A follow-up fieldwork next year is planned and for
this, the timing will need to be carefully adjusted, as the effect of
the El Niño is expected to alter the extent and timing of fruiting/
flowering of Fagaceae in Sabah. The presence of flowering
and particularly fruiting material is often of key-importance in
identifying Fagaceae plant material.
g. The Cradle of Flowering Plants: Seeking New Insights
from Pandanaceae and Sapindaceae
This study was undertaken by Dr Martin Callmander
(Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève,
Switzerland) and Dr Sven Buerki (formerly Royal Botanic
Gardens of Kew, UK, now at Natural History Museum, UK). A
field trip was organised by Dr Pereira as local collaborator, to
several localities in Sabah from 30th Sept. to 13th Oct.
(Above) Dr. Sven Buerki, Dr. Martin
Callmander and Dr. Christopher
Davidson with Pandanus bornensis
(Callmander et al. 1185). (Right)
Dr Sven Buerki with Lepisanthes
multijuga (Buerki et al. 360).
h. On-line Database of Digital Images of Flowering Plant
Families and Genera: floraoftheworld.org.
Dr Christopher Davidson dan Sharon Christoph from the Idaho
Botanical Research Foundation, USA conducted a field trip to
Sabah which was organised by local collaborator, Dr Pereira
from 30th Sept to 13th Oct. This field trip was organised together
with Dr Martin Callmander and Dr Sven Buerki. Hence, the
areas visited are the same as the previous researchers.
Sites visited: Sepilok Forest Reserve (30 Sept.); Mt Silam (1–2
October); Pulau Sakar (2 Oct.; no collections made); Danum
Valley (3–5 Oct.); Maliau Basin Conservation Area (6–7 Oct.);
road from Tibow to Batu Punggol (8 Oct.); Kg. Senagang, Sg.
Senagang, Ulu Senagang; Lumaku Forest Reserve; Crocker
Range, sub-station Melalap (9 Oct.); Rafflesia FR (10 Oct);
Kinabalu National Park (11 Oct.); Sg. Nalumad juncture with
Sg. Mokodou (12 Oct.); Bukit Hampuan Forest Reserve, road
to copper mine; Mesilau Nature Centre, Kogopon Trail (13 Oct.)
Collections made: C. Davidson numbers 12641–12759,
totaling 119 collections. The collections included several
unicates, but most were of 2–4 duplicates.
Collections made: M. Callmander numbers 1183–1204,
totaling 23 collections. The collections included mostly 4–6
duplicates. S. Buerki numbers 341–370 totaling 30 collections.
Botanical highlights: The goals of the work were to collect
species of Piper and to take digital images and voucher
specimens of the associated flora. A total of 23 species of Piper,
including an unusual taxon that maybe a member of Miquel’s
Botanical highlights: The goals of the work were to collect
species of Sapindaceae and Pandanaceae. 23 Pandanaceae
collections, including three potential new species were
encountered. Two of them were collected on Mt. Silam,
an ultramafic coastal mountain in the Lahad Datu District.
Ultramafic soils often present endemic flora and these new
findings are not unexpected keeping in mind that no inventory
of the family Pandanaceae has been done on this mountain.
The two new species belong to the genera Benstonea and
Pandanus. Another possible new Benstonea species has been
discovered in the Tenom District, 21 km from Tenom by road
to Sipitang, in the Lumaku FR. Digital images and silica-gel
associated with the herbarium collections will overall ultimately
serve as the baseline of a revision for the family in Borneo.
The 29 collections of Sapindaceae were placed in the
following genera: Allophylus (2 coll.), Dimocarpus (4 coll.),
Guioa (2 coll.), Harpullia (2 coll.), Lepisanthes (6 coll.),
Nephelium (5 coll.), Paranephelium (3 coll.), Pometia (1 coll.)
Sharon Christoph, Dr Christopher Davidson and Postar Miun at
Kinabalu Park.
407
is maintained by Andi Maryani AM, with collaboration and
help from Mohd Azman Othman of ICT, SFD Headquarters.
ForestBIS can be accessed through URL: http://www.forest.
sabah.gov.my:81/bio-d/
Introduction about ForestBIS and hands-on experience
are offered to visitors by request. On 8th April, ForestBIS
was introduced and presented by Andi Maryani AM to STIDC
(Sarawak Timber Industry Development Corporation), during
their visit to SFD Headquarters and the Xylarium (Wood
Museum) in FRC Sepilok.
7. Capacity Building
a. Study Visit to the Herbarium of the Royal Botanic
Gardens, Kew
Suzana Sabran made a study visit to the Herbarium of the
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (K) from 10th to 28th February. The
objectives of this visit were to discuss and work together with
Dr. Tim Utteridge, Head of South-East Asia Regional Team on
the genera Aegiceras, Hymenandra and Labisia (PrimulaceaeMyrsinoideae) in Borneo and to refer to specimens of these
genera. This trip was sponsored by the UK SE Knowledge
Partnership Collaborative Development Award (CDA), British
Council, based in Singapore.
The study of Primulaceae-Myrsinoideae in Borneo started
with the genus Hymenandra. A total of 20 Hymenandra
specimens, including type specimens were examined. As
for Aegiceras and Labisia specimens, a total of 40 and 50
specimens respectively, were examined and photographed at
K.
(Above) The Davidsons photographing
their specimens. (Right) Piper Sect.
Muldera. C. Davidson 1272.
segregate genus Muldera, were
collected.
The
morphology
of “sect.” Muldera is peculiar
and warrants close inspection.
Alcohol-preserved material is
needed to assess the physical
peculiarities and much further
herbarium work will be needed
to draw conclusions. For now, an
informal “section” status is used,
though this rank is thought as not being validly published.
Digital images were obtained of the associated flora for the
website, floraoftheworld.org, including many small, disjunct
families, such as Meliosma, Daphniphyllum, Octomeles,
Brownlowia, Hanguana, Turpinia, Polyosma, Burmannia,
Chloranthus, and Stixis. These were added to the growing
database of processed samples from all continents except
Antarctica, including other parts of Asia, Africa, North America
and South/Central America, the goal of which is a synthesis
of biogeography, geological history and molecular systematics
into a single picture of how disjunct families and genera came
to be disjunct.
6. Herbarium Database
Dr. T.M.A. Utteridge, Head of South-East Asia Regional Team and
Suzana discussing about morphological characters of Hymenandra
specimens from Borneo.
a Botanical Research & Herbarium Management System
(BRAHMS)
BRAHMS is an information system for managing botanical
and herbarium data. Up to the end of 2014, all of the Sabah
collection records (121, 358) have been imported into BRAHMS
database proper. Meanwhile, 57,649 records from outside of
Sabah have been entered into BRAHMS-RDE file as well as
1,496 new collections from Sabah. These will be cleaned and
imported to the database proper.
b. The 8th International Conference of Serpentine Ecology
(ICSE), Kota Kinabalu, Sabah.
The conference was attended by John B. Sugau, Dr Joan
Pereira, Suzana Sabran and Alviana Damit at Magellan Sutera
b. Forest Biodiversity
Information System:
ForestBIS
In 2014, ForestBIS continued
running in Sabah-IntraNet
networking of which it is
accessible and available in
all State Department Offices
in Sabah.
The system
Annual Report 2014
Dr Joan Pereira presented a poster entitled ‘Botanical Highlights of
Mt. Silam, Sabah’
408
d. International Borneo Research Council Conference
The conference was attended by John B. Sugau, at University
Malaysia Sabah on 4th to 7th August. The conference is held
once in two years on a rotation basis and UMS was the host
for the 12th International conference. During the conference,
John B. Sugau presented a paper entitled ‘Application of the
BRAHMS software as a botanical database management
system in Sandakan Herbarium’.
e. Tree Identification Courses conducted by SAN
For 2014, two courses on general plant identification were
given by the botanists of this Programme. The first course
was conducted for students (15 participants) of the Institute
Perhutanan Sabah in February. The second was conducted
upon request from the Polyteknik, Kota Kinabalu. The lectures
were given at FRC and field practical was conducted in the
Rainforest Discovery Centre in August. These courses covered
classroom lectures, fieldwork and finally a test to identify leaf
samples and trees at the end of the course.
(Left) Suzana Sabran with Assoc. Prof. Monica Suleiman presented
a poster entitled ‘Three Bornean endemic species of Ternstroemia
(Pentaphylacaceae) found in ultramafic habitats in Sabah, Malaysia’.
(Right) Alviana Damit’s poster was entitled ‘The distribution of
Nepenthes species on ultramafic soils in Sabah, Malaysia’.
Resort on 9th to 13th June. John Sugau presented the keynote
address entitled ‘Overview of Ultramafic Flora in Sabah’.
c. The 17th Malaysian Forestry Conference, Kota Kinabalu,
Sabah
The conference was attended by John B. Sugau, Dr. Joan
Pereira, Suzana Sabran, Andi Maryani AM and Alviana
Damit at Magellan Sutera Resort on 11th−12th November. The
conference is held once in three years on a rotation basis and
Sabah Forestry Department was the host for the conference.
Dr Pereira presented a poster entitled ‘Sabah Plant Red
List: Initiative to assess the conservation status of the flora
in Sabah’ while Alviana Damit is one of the co-authors for
a poster entitled ‘Basic Techniques For Propagating Pitcher
Plants’. Andi Maryani AM also presented a poster entitled
‘A Study On the Moss Flora of Trusmadi Forest Reserve in
Sabah’.
Participants from Politeknik KK who attended the tree identification
course.
Publication of Sandakania 19
Volume 19 of Sandakania, an
occasional scientific journal that
focuses on plant systematics,
morphology and natural history
was successfully published under
this Programme in May, covering
2 papers.
9. Student attachment at SAN
Three
students
from
the
University of Brunei Darussalam
were attached to SAN Herbarium
for 3 months from Aug to Oct.
They were Nurfarina binti Ismail, Zulhamizan bin Awang Jamil
and Nur Maziyyah bte Hj. Abd Hamid. They learnt about the
curational work involved in the Herbarium and also assisted
Suzana, Dr Pereira and John Sugau co-authored a poster entitled ‘The
Sandakan Herbarium (SAN), Sabah: present and future direction’.
During the conference, John B. Sugau presented a paper entitled ‘Plant
Diversity study of the forest reserves with ultramafic habitats in Sabah’.
(L-R) Zulhamizan bin Awang Jamil, Nurfarina binti Ismail, and Nur
Maziyyah bte Hj. Abd Hamid.
409
in the project collaboration
with Elliot Gardner and poster
preparation for the Sabah
Forestry Department Centennial
celebration.
One of Dr Alexander
Koycan’s
students,
Tina
Klemmer from the University
of Postdam, Germany, carried
out a 2-week practical training
at SAN. She learnt about the
curational work involved in the
Herbarium and also assisted
in the project collaboration with
Elliot Gardner.
Dr Pereira and Suzana Sabran were also appointed as liason
officers for distinguished guests of the HoB conference and
Centennial celebration.
Tina Klemmer
10. Other Involvements
Dr Pereira accompanied the Ambassador of Norway to Malaysia,
H.E. Hans Ola Urstad and his wife to Klias Peat Swamp Field Centre,
Sipitang.
a. International Conference on Enhancing Biodiversity
towards No Net Loss & Beyond within the Heart of Borneo
Landscape
Staff of the programme were
HABITAT BIODIVERSITY
involved in the preparation
The Lowland
of 53 posters for the
Mixed Dipterocarp Forest
International
Conference
on Enhancing Biodiversity
towards No Net Loss &
Beyond within the Heart
of Borneo Landscape at
Magellan Sutera Harbour
on 10th Nov. John Sugau,
Dr Joan Pereira, Suzana
Sabran and Alviana Damit
were in the exhibition
committee.
Suzana
Sabran and Alviana Damit
were in the rapporteuring,
programme
book
and
compilation committee.
The Northeast Bornean orang utan
(Pongo pygmaeus morio) is a totally
protected species and is endemic to Borneo.
The lowland Mixed Dipterocarp Forest
in Sabah consists of at least three distinct
layers, the lower, middle and upper canopy
with various sizes of regenerating canopy species from
seedling, sapling to pole-sized individuals.
The main canopy reaches up to 40-50 m tall, providing
essential habitats for plants and animals under the
canopy shelter.
The dominant trees in this type of forest is the group of
trees from the family Dipterocarpaceae. From lowland
up to 900 m above sea level, the dipterocarps contribute
at least one third of the total standing trees and almost
two third of the total basal area of the forest.
The Birdwing Butterfly
(Troides miranda), an
iconic butterfly that is
protected
Background: The 3-layer forest
structure of a Lowland Mixed
Dipterocarp Forest.
Fruits of Shorea waltonii.
A large tree of a
dipterocarp species.
It is one of the most species rich habitats in
the Bornean forests.
A medium to large tree from the
Rengas family, Gluta wallichii
bearing fruits that are ovoid or
ellipsoid, with conspicuously enlarged bright red wings.
Suzana Sabran welcoming Jane Lawton, Head of Asia Communications
& Private Sector Engagement, IUCN in Asia at the Kota Kinabalu
Airport.
Myristica cinnamomea is a large
tree from the Nutmeg family with
fruits that have seeds which are
enclosed within attractive red arils.
Spectacular clusters of
inflorescences of a
woody climber, Katup-katup,
Bauhinia kockiana.
The attractive yellow figs of
a small tree, Ficus aurata
(Moraceae).
b. 17th Malaysian Forestry Conference
Dr Pereira was in the Sub-Committee on Conference Papers
& Proceedings while Alviana Damit was in the Organising SubCommittee for the Programme Book.
Background: Remnant of dipterocarp trees in bloom in Lipaso Forest Reserve, promising
continuous survival of this highly biologically diverse ecosystem.
One of the posters designed for the
HoB conference.
c. Sabah Forestry Department Centennial Celebration
Staff of the programme were involved in the preparation of
the R&D posters and exhibits for the Centennial Celebration
at Padang Merdeka Kota Kinabalu from 9th to 12th Nov. 2014.
John Sugau was OIC (Officer In-Charge) of the R&D poster,
and assisted
by Andi
Maryani AM while
Dr Joan Pereira,
THE
DESIGNER
TEAM
Suzana Sabran and Alviana Damit were Designers in the
exhibition committee.
‘The Network of Protected Forest in Telupid Sabah– Biodiversity
and Conservation in the Heart of Borneo’ book was launched during
the Conferernce. John Sugau, Dr Joan Pereira, Suzana Sabran and
Alviana Damit were co-authors of the book.
The Designer Team.
Back, from left: AFENDY SURAIP, G. HUBERT PETOL, KELVIN PANG KAT NYEN, RICHARD MAJAPUN, CHEN THAU EN, ALEXANDER Y.L. HASTIE,
PETER LAGAN, NIGEL EDWARD DATO BALANJIU.
Front, from left: NURUL AQIDAH IBRAHIM, SUZANA SABRAN, ESTHER DYI KA MEI, ALVIANA DAMIT, DR. JOAN T. PEREIRA, EYEN KHOO, PUNG VUI LEE.
Annual Report 2014
410
(Left) John Sugau giving the briefing to YAB Datuk Seri Panglima Musa Aman on the 100 years Research & Development poster. (Right)
The Botany staff involved in the Centennial Exhibition, taken in front of the Guardian of the Forests poster which was chosen as the opening
gimmick of the Exhibition and designed by staff of the Programme.
11. Scientific Visitors
No
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
Name
Noor Ain Binti Che Ahmad
Mas Izzaty Bte Mazlan
Angela George
Norhashimah Abdul Razak
Brian Yap Jing Wei
Prof. Michael Donoghue
Dr. Patrick Sweeney
Dr. Erika Edwards
Dr. Takeshi Inagawa
Avelinah Julius
Dr. David G. Frodin
Dr. Aida Shafreena Ahmad Puad
Connie Geri
Dr. Joeri Sergej Strijk
Muhadir Hassan
Raybecca Lajius
Norizati Bt. Murdin
Juria Aridih
Natasha Nadia
Kristo Henry William
Nurlaila Launcing
Mohd Salleh Sulaiman
Delia Zamil
Insan Nurkamil Bin Idris
Mohd Akmal
Dr. Ruth Kew
Rani Asmarayani
Thereis Choo
Hedwig Tietz
Tina Klemme
Lena Strauys
Julia Scholl
Christina Hedderich
Carina Hofmeister
Dr. Alexander Kocyan
Johannes Herold
Sandra Lew
Sophia Kocyan
Organisation/Institute
UNIMAS, Sarawak
UNIMAS, Sarawak
UNIMAS, Sarawak
UNIMAS, Sarawak
Royal Botanic Gardens Kew,
Yale University
Yale University
Brown University
University Of Oxford
Forest Research Institute of Malaysia (FRIM)
Royal Botanic Gardens of Kew
UNIMAS, Sarawak
Sarawak Forestry Corporation, Sarawak
Guangxi University, Nanning
Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Sabah
Politeknik Ibrahim Sultan
Universiti Malaysia Sabah
University Malaysia Sabah
Institut Latihan Perindustrian Sandakan
UPM Bintulu, Sarawak
UPM Bintulu, Sarawak
Forest Research Institute of Malaysia (FRIM)
University of Missouri
Cornell University
University Of Potsdam
411
Country
Malaysia
Malaysia
Malaysia
Malaysia
UK
USA
USA
USA
UK
Malaysia
UK
Malaysia
Malaysia
China
Malaysia
Malaysia
Malaysia
Malaysia
Malaysia
Malaysia
Malaysia
Malaysia
Malaysia
Malaysia
Malaysia
Malaysia
USA
UK
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
Purpose of visit
Specimen Identification
Herbarium references on Viburnum
Specimen Identification & Field work
Herbarium references on Schefflera
Herbarium references on Schefflera
Herbarium references on Rafflesia
Herbarium references on Fagaceae
Herbarium Visit & Internship Orientation
Internship
Internship
Internship
Begonia Course Instructor
Herbarium references on Piper
Herbarium references on Dipteris
Field work
Field work & Internship
Field work
Field work
Field work
Field work
Field work on Orchidaceae
Field work
Field work
Field work
... continued from previous page
No
39
40
41
42
43
Name
Prof. Jasmin Joshi
Nur Farina Ismail
Zulhamizan Jamil
Nur Maziyyah Abd Hamid
Mega Atria
Organisation/Institute
University of Potsdam
University Brunei Darussalam (UBD)
University of Leiden
Country
Germany
Brunei
Brunei
Brunei
The Netherlands
44
45
46
47
Sharon Christoph
Chris Davidson
Dr. Sven Buerki
Dr Martin Callmander
USA
USA
UK
USA
48
Dr Kazuki Miyamoto
Botanical Research Foundation of Idaho
Botanical Research Foundation of Idaho
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Missouri Botanical Garden & Botanical
Garden Geneva
Forestry & Forest Product Research Institute
Purpose of visit
Field work (Invasive plant)
Internship
Internship
Internship
Herbarium references on Calamus spp. &
field work
Flora of the world
Flora of the world & Piperaceae
Sapindaceae
Pandanacaeae
Japan
Herbarium visit
12. Status of Herbarium Holdings
a. Herbarium holdings:
Number of accessions
Number of specimen sheets
Number of spirit collections
Number of carpological collection
c. Exchange Position:
Specimens
sent
Herbarium, Forest Research Institute of
444
Malaysia
Herbarium, Sarawak Forestry Department
260
Herbarium, Singapore Botanic Garden
235
Herbarium, Royal Botanic Garden, Kew,
59
UK
Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens,
12
Edinburgh, UK
Herbarium, National Nederland
475
Herbarium, Sabah Parks
128
Herbarium WU, University of Vienna,
43
Austria
The Harvard University Herbaria (HUH),
–
USA
Australian Tropical Herbarium (ATH)
–
Anthony Lamb
–
Herbarium/Person
200,093
271,740
4,240
1,851
b. Number of Specimens Sent on Loan
Herbarium
Herbarium, Singapore Botanic Gardens,
Singapore
Herbarium, UNIMAS, Malaysia
Herbarium, Missouri Botanical Garden (MO),
USA
Total
Number of
specimens
67
3
29
99
Total
1,656
Specimens
received
128
–
42
–
83
62
–
–
76
4
103
498
INSECT DIVERSITY PROGRAMME
Baited traps for butterflies and moths at various forest
habitats
A paper by Chey, Holloway & Barlow (2014) was published
in SEPILOK BULLETIN Vol. 19/20. The objective is to
investigate both the butterfly and moth fauna attracted to
prawn/ banana baits at different forest habitats. The different
groups of Lepidoptera attracted to prawn and banana and the
conservation value of various forest habitats including urban
forest will be made known.
Dr Ed Turner, Dr Rob Ewers and Mr James Margrove. Several
papers have been published in local as well as international
journals. More publications are in press.
Insects as indicators of biodiversity
The aim is to compare forest biodiversity using insects as
bioindicators. Impacts of forest conversion on the biodiversity;
impacts of climate change; as well as comparison of
insect diversity among forests are being investigated. This
programme is on-going at various forest types, ranging from
primary (e.g. Danum) to disturbed (e.g. SAFE project at
Maliau). Collaborators include Dr Jane Hill, Dr William Foster,
Distribution of butterfly fauna particularly the Rajah
Brooke’s Birdwing in Trus Madi Forest Reserve (FMU 10)
A report on the Roundtable Discussion based on the Expedition
to Sinua was published in 2014. The expedition forms part of
the Trus Madi conservation area management plan, in which
the beautiful Rajah Brooke’s Birdwing (Troides brookiana
brookiana Wallace) butterfly is one of its conservation targets.
The distribution of the butterfly together with its larval hostplant
Annual Report 2014
Diversity of fireflies in mangroves & riverine forests.
The project on ecotourism importance aims to investigate the
gregarious fireflies on display trees along the riverine, mangrove
and peat swamp forests in Sabah. The various fireflies sampled
with their display trees are listed and described.
412
(Aristolochia sp.) is being investigated. Other butterflies are
also being listed. Areas surveyed thus far, include the Sungai
Mirad Irad and Sinua.
Forest Insect Museum
The Forest Insect Museum in the Entomology Section houses
the biggest insect collection in Sabah with about 149,000
mounted specimens and 14,900 identified species by the end
of 2014. The collection is expanding, especially on moths,
butterflies, and beetles. The Museum is a reference centre for
various researchers and students from both local and foreign
institutions. As of the end of 2014, 11 insect orders have been
shifted to the new fire-proof steel compactor facility.
Lepidoptera from banana-baited traps. (L-R, T-B) Kallima limborgii,
Amathuxidia amythaon, Amathusia phidippus, Zeuxidia aurelius, Lexias
pardalis, Erebus ephesperis, Mycalesis orseis, Hypopyra pudens, Eudocima
smaragdipicta, Bocana manifestalis. (x 0.7) (Photo: Chey Vun Khen)
PLANTATION SILVICULTURE PROGRAMME
Background
The establishment of this section facilitated the systematic
forest tree trial planting to determine the feasibility and growth
performance of selected indigenous and exotic tree species
for the forest plantation programme in Sabah. To carry out
these research activities, plantation research stations were
established at Gum Gum, Lungmanis, Segaliud Lokan and
Sook Forest Reserves. Plantation research / studies are not
limited to be undertaken within the research stations, but
due to requirements, plots and measurements were also
established and undertaken in other selected areas.
RESEARCH
During the year, remeasurements of plantation plots continued
to be undertaken. In 2014, a total of 67 plots were re-measured
in the various research stations.The 3 PSPs which were set
up within the FMU10 Trusmadi Restoration sites as requested
by FMU10 MPCT were also re-measured. Apart from remeasurement, maintenance of the plots was also undertaken.
A summary of growth assessments in the various stations is
shown in Table 30.15.
Table 30.15: Summary of plantation species trials assessment as of 2014
RP No
Kpt2011/1
Kpt2011/1
Kpt2011/2
Kpt2011/2
Kpt2011/3
Plot
No
Sub1
Sub2
Sub1
Sub2
Sub1
Location
Gum Gum
Gum Gum
Gum Gum
Gum Gum
Gum Gum
Species
Dryobalanops lanceolata
Date
Planted
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
Spacing
(m)
4.00x4.00
4.00x4.00
5.00x5.00
5.00x5.00
3.00x3.00
413
Height (m)
2.89
3.28
2.23
2.35
4.15
Hgt MAI (m/
yr)
0.96
1.09
0.74
0.78
1.38
Diameter
Dbh MAI (cm/
(cm)
yr)
1.87
0.62
1.92
0.64
1.61
0.54
1.24
0.41
2.90
0.97
RP No
Kpt2011/3
Kpt2011/6
12E
4A
Kpt2012/1
Kpt2012/1
Kpt2012/1
2012
2012
2012
2012
2006
2006
2006
2009
2009
2009
2009
2011/6
2011/6
2011/1
2011/1
2011/8
2011/7
2011/7
2011/2
2011/03
2012/1
2012/1
2006
2009/5
2009/5
2009/5
2009/5
2009/4
2009/4
2009/4
2009/4
2009/4
90A
91A
91A
95B
95B
91B1
Plot
No
Sub2
Sub1
Sub2
Sub1a
Sub1t
4
3
5
1
3
2
3
1
1
2
Sub1
Sub2
Sub1
Sub2
Sub3
Sub1
Sub2
Sub1
Sub1
1t
1a
Sub1
Sub2
Sub3
Sub4
Sub1
Sub2
Sub3
Sub4
Sub5
1
2
1
2
1
Annual Report 2014
Location
Gum Gum
Gum Gum
Gum Gum
Gum Gum
Gum Gum
Gum Gum
Gum Gum
Gum Gum
Gum Gum
Gum Gum
Gum Gum
Kolapis A
Kolapis A
Kolapis A
Kolapis A
Kolapis A
Kolapis A
Kolapis A
Kolapis A
Kolapis A
Kolapis A
Kolapis A
Kolapis A
Kolapis A
Kolapis A
Kolapis A
Kolapis A
Kolapis A
Kolapis A
Kolapis A
Kolapis A
Kolapis A
Kolapis A
Kolapis A
Kolapis A
Kolapis A
Kolapis A
Kolapis A
Kolapis A
Kolapis A
Kolapis A
Kolapis A
Kolapis A
Kolapis A
Kolapis A
Sg. Salid
Jln Matius
Jln Matius
Jln Victor
Jln Victor
Jln Madu
Species
Eusideroxylon zwageri
Aquilaria malaccensis
Aquilaria beccariana
Shorea isoptera
Instia palembanica
Eucalyptus pellita
Parashorea tomentella
Shorea isoptera
Shorea inappendiculata
Shorea inappendiculata
Eurycoma longifolia
Durio sp.
Dryobalanops beccariana
Shorea leprosula
Diospyros spp.
Shorea smithiana
Shorea leprosula
Shorea leprosula
Dipterocarpus grandiflorus
Shorea pauciflora
Diospyrus sp.
Maesopsis eminii
Maesopsis eminii
Shorea leprosula
Shorea leprosula
Araucaria cunninghamii
Date
Planted
2011
2011
2008
2008
2011
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2006
2006
2006
2009
2009
2009
2009
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2012
2012
2006
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2013
2013
2013
2013
2013
2013
1990
1991
1991
1995
1995
1991
Spacing
(m)
3.00x3.00
6.00x6.00
3.00x4.00
3.00x4.00
6.00x6.00
6.00x6.00
6.00x6.00
4.00x4.00
3.00x3.00
4.00x4.00
6.00x6.00
4.00x4.00
4.00x4.00
4.00x4.00
2.00x2.00
4.00x4.00
4.00x4.00
4.00x4.00
4.00x4.00
4.00x4.00
3.00x3.00
3.00x3.00
3.00x3.00
5.00x5.00
5.00x5.00
4.00x4.00
4.00x4.00
6.00x6.00
6.00x6.00
4.00x4.00
3.00x3.00
3.00x3.00
3.00x3.00
3.00x3.00
3.00x3.00
3.00x3.00
3.00x3.00
3.00x3.00
3.00x3.00
6.00x6.00
4.00x4.00
4.00x4.00
4.00x4.00
4.00x4.00
4.00x4.00
3.00x4.00
2.00x3.00
2.00x3.00
3.00x3.00
3.00x3.00
3.00x3.00
414
Height (m)
3.41
1.59
6.88
8.19
2.44
0.74
0.85
0.66
2.43
0.9
1.42
5.75
4.45
4.97
3.6
4.16
6.24
5.45
2.14
2.37
2.82
3.86
2.14
1.33
1.53
3.51
0.49
1.15
1.3
7.48
4.57
4.81
4.47
5.02
3.44
3.45
4.72
3.79
2.35
0.69
0.62
0.68
0.37
0.47
0.6
20.15
27.4
28.3
11.24
7.18
17.36
Hgt MAI (m/
yr)
1.14
0.53
1.15
1.37
0.81
0.37
0.43
0.33
1.22
0.45
0.71
0.72
0.56
0.62
0.72
0.83
1.25
1.09
0.71
0.79
0.94
1.29
0.71
0.44
0.51
1.17
0.16
0.58
0.65
0.94
0.91
0.96
0.89
1.00
0.69
0.69
0.94
0.76
0.47
0.69
0.62
0.68
0.37
0.47
0.60
0.84
1.19
1.23
0.59
0.38
0.75
Diameter
Dbh MAI (cm/
(cm)
yr)
2.24
0.75
1.04
0.35
7.92
1.32
11.10
1.85
2.15
0.72
1.78
0.89
1.11
0.56
3.88
0.49
3.18
0.40
3.64
0.46
3.34
0.67
3.54
0.71
4.24
0.85
4.02
0.80
1.62
0.54
1.54
0.51
1.43
0.48
2.24
0.75
1.10
0.37
1.01
0.34
1.60
0.53
3.55
1.18
1.45
0.73
0.86
0.43
6.61
0.83
2.53
0.51
2.48
0.50
2.57
0.51
2.80
0.56
2.74
0.55
2.70
0.54
4.55
0.91
3.52
0.70
1.71
0.34
30.18
1.26
22.96
1.00
20.89
0.91
11.76
0.62
9.50
0.50
21.83
0.95
RP No
91B1
98A
98A
98AB2
98AB2
98AB3
98AB3
2010/05
2010/05
2011/02,03
2011/02,03
Plot
No
2
1
2
1
2
3
4
1
2
1
2
Location
Jln Madu
Kpt 73G
Kpt 73G
Kpt 73G
Kpt 73G
Kpt 73G
Kpt 73G
Sook
Sook
Sook
Sook
Species
Cinnamomum burmannii
Cinnamomum burmannii
Shorea argentifolia
Shorea argentifolia
Shorea leprosula
Shorea leprosula
Date
Planted
1991
1998
1998
1998
1998
1998
1998
2010
2010
2011
2011
Spacing
(m)
3.00x3.00
3.00x3.00
3.00x3.00
3.00x3.00
3.00x3.00
3.00x3.00
3.00x3.00
4.00x4.00
4.00x4.00
3.00x3.00
3.00x3.00
Eucalpytus pellita trial
Due to the recent interest in using Eucalpytus pellita as
a plantation species in Sabah, the Forest Plantation Section
has established a species trial plot on the species in Gum
Gum Forest Reserve. The 2-year-old plot records an average
diameter of 1.78 cm and an average height of 2.43 m which
translates to a mean annual increment (MAI) in diameter of
0.89cm/year and MAI in height of 1.22m/year. The preliminary
data shows that E. pellita has a higher growth rate compared
to Shorea isoptera planted in Gum Gum at the same year. It
was also observed that the E. pellita suffered debarking by
an unidentified pest. With the help of the Pathology Section,
traps were set up in the plot. Six specimens were captured,
and 2 species of treeshrews were identified namely the Lesser
Treeshrew (Tupaia minor) and Larger Treeshrew (Tupaia
major).
Height (m)
24.96
13.09
15.95
10.24
11.52
13.09
14.47
4.35
4.85
1.89
1.8
Hgt MAI (m/
yr)
1.09
0.82
1.00
0.64
0.72
0.82
0.90
1.09
1.21
0.63
0.60
Diameter
(cm)
25.84
12.41
21.65
13.20
12.86
12.41
17.15
3.65
4.26
2.21
2.19
Dbh MAI (cm/
yr)
1.12
0.78
1.35
0.83
0.80
0.78
1.07
0.91
1.07
0.74
0.73
Most of the Eucalyptus pellita trees were debarked in Gum Gum Forest
Reserve.
(L–R) Close-up on the debarking which occurred on Eucalyptus pellita; the wound causes the tree to coppice and may affect the tree form; and one
of the specimens (Tupaia sp.) caught in a trap set up in the plot.
FMU10 Trusmadi FR – Forest Restoration PSP
The section was also involved as a member to the FMU10
MPCT (Management Planning Core Team). During the year,
representatives of the section attended a couple of FMU10
MPCT meetings. Apart from contributing to the various issues
related to FMU10, the section was also entrusted to assist
in the setting up of a PSP (Permanent Sample Plot) for their
restoration sites to study the survival and growth of the planted
seedlings within the restoration sites.
Re-measurements were conducted
(Right)
Urat
Mata
in the 3 restoration PSPs in mid 2014.
seedlings growing at the
upper slope of the steep
A total of 1,350 planted points covering
terrain restoration area of
an area of about 4.75ha within the 3
Trusmadi FR.
PSPs were assessed. Various species
415
Sook FR. The active plots are proposed to be maintained as
research plots where growth and other studies will continue.
Plantation Visit cum Tour to Gum-Gum and Kolapis A
A tour to Gum Gum and Kolapis A research stations was
organized for colleagues and students at FRC in April with
the purpose of sharing information and enabling one to
experience a planted forest environment. The visit enabled
discussions and sharing of ideas on how best both areas and
the data available could be further utilized and enhanced for
the benefit of all. Various suggestions were put forward and
one of them was to upgrade Gum Gum Research Station as a
Forest Plantation Education Centre where various information
regarding forest plantations could be shared with students and
the public.
Due to the steep terrain of Trusmadi FR, landslide and mud-roll are
common at the lower slope and affect the overall survival of seedlings
planted.
Non-Timber Plantation
The Non-Timber Plantation Section was established in January
2011. This section carries out research and development
activities on non-timber plantation species including plantation
silviculture of medicinal plants and ornamental tree species;
and the development and management of an Ethnobotanical
Garden at Sepilok Forest Research Centre (FRC).
planted include Urat Mata Daun Licin, Kapur, various Seraya
species, Bangkal, Binuang, Banjutan, Keruing, Pisangpisang, Selangan Batu, Melapi, Laran, Pengiran etc. The
measurements revealed a survival rate of 38.4% at the age
of about 57 months old. It translates to about 109 surviving
seedlings from an original planting density of about 285
seedlings per hectare. The lower sub-plots exhibited the
highest mortality due to its location at the lower slope which
is exposed to mud-roll and other land slide related natural
calamity which adversely affected the growth of seedlings.
This high mortality rate is expected due to the steep slopes
with mostly at least 40 degrees, exposing sites to natural
disturbances such as land-slide and mud-roll. The mortality
is also due to the vigorous growth of creepers that easily
suffocate planted seedlings if no maintenance is conducted,
as in the case of most of the restoration sites.
FMP Formulation of Sook FR
During the year, the section was also heavily involved in
the preparation of the FMP for Sook FR headed by TP
(Management). Representatives from the section attended
a series of meetings at Sook and Keningau, and a lot of
information related to the planted plantation trial plots at Sook
was compiled and mapped-out for assessment and inclusion
into the Sook FMP.
A total of 23 active plots and 60 dormant plots were identified.
The dormant plots which are the old plots comprising mostly
of the Araucaria and Pinus species will be maintained, and
silvicultural treatment is proposed to enhance their growth in
the forest reserve. This is in line with the objective of providing
a forest and recreational environment in the landscape of
Research
Project 1. Study on the agronomy of selected medicinal
and ornamental plant species
This project aims to identify suitable nursery practices and
plantation establishment techniques for the selected medicinal
and ornamental plant species. During the year, stem cutting
experiments of some medicinal plants species were carried
This beautiful Sook lake surrounded by planted forests provides a serene
environment which could be developed as a recreational area for Sook.
(L–R) SRA Eson Aris, the head of Sook Research Station briefing TP (Mgt) and Committee members on the status of Sook Research Areas; A
23-year-old Kapur (Dryobalanops lanceolata) at Gum Gum Research Station. Thinning to reduce competition is urgently needed for optimum growth;
and a 47-year-old Terminalia copelandii plot, on the right, at Gum Gum Research Station.
Annual Report 2014
416
out at the Sepilok Forest Research Centre Nursery. The
cutting survival after 10 months is shown in Table 30.16. The
survival for Poikilospermum suaveolens and Saraca declinata
was very high (100%). As for Bischofia javanica and Guioa
sp, even though the survival percentage was very low, the
experiment indicated that these species could be propagated
vegetatively.
No
16
17
18
19
20
Table 30.16: Preliminary Results of Stem cutting Experiment of
Medicinal Plant Species.
Scientific Name
Poikilospermum suaveolens
Saraca declinata
Bischofia javanica
Guioa sp.
Local Name
Wonodon
Gapis
Tuai
Inggir Manuk
21
22
23
24
25
26
Cutting Survival (%)
100
100
18
0.07
Table 30.17: List of herbal plant species planted in Lungmanis Forest
Reserve and Gum Gum Forest Reserve.
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Local Name
Location
Jerangau Merah Gum Gum & Lungmanis
Pulai
Gum Gum & Lungmanis
Gajus
Lungmanis
Hempedu Bumi
Durian Belanda /
Sour sop
Aquilaria malaccensis Gaharu
Areca catechu
Pinang
Breynia racemosa
Sambung
Torupuk
Calophyllum inophyllum Bintangor Laut
Cinnamomum iners
Medang Tiga
Urat
Citrus aurantium
Limau Nipis
Clinacanthus nutans
Belalai Gajah/
Sabah Snake
Grass
Clitoria ternatea
Bunga santan
Coleus amboinicus
Bangun Bangun
Cosmos caudatus
Ulam Raja
Local Name
Crinum lily
Serai Makan
Serai Wangi
Tuba
Kapur paji
Tongkat Ali
Todopon Puok
Limpanas
kedondong
Sambung Nyawa
Tambiau /
Gandarusa
27 Kalanchoe pinnata
Setawar
28 Labisia pumila
Kacip Fatimah
29 Lansium domesticum
Langsat
30 Lawsonia inermia
Inai
31 Leea indica
Togimomali /
Mali-Mali
32 Melastoma imbricatum Senduduk Putih
33 Mitragyna speciosa
Sepat / Ketum
34 Morus alba
Mulberry
35 Orthosiphon aristatus
Misai Kucing
36 Pandanus amaryllifolius Pandan Wangi
37 Persia americana
Avokado
38 Pluchea indica
Beluntas
39 Polygala paniculata
Bunga Bintang
Seribu
40 Premna odorata
Kenerian
41 Psidium guajava
Jambu Batu
42 Sansevieria trifasciata Snake plant
43 Senna alata
Gelenggang /
Ringworm bush
44 Stachytarpheta
Bungan
jamaicensis
malam / Indian
snakeweed
45 Stevia rebaudiana
Stevia
46 Swietenia macrophylla Mahogany / Sky
Fruit
47 Synsepalum dulcificum Buah Ajaib /
Miracle Fruit Tree
48 Syzygium
Jambu air
samarangense
49 Tabebuia sp
Tabebuia
50 Tinospora crispa
Putarwali
51 Vernonia esculata
African Tea
Project 2. Establishment of herbal gardens for genetic
conservation
The main objective of this project is to establish herbal gardens
that will serve as a genebank of medicinal plant species.
Plant species to be collected will include wild plants already
in existence within the garden (in-situ); plants originating
from other areas in the state and the country (ex-situ); and
plants originating from other parts of the world (exotic). In
addition, this project will also carry out studies on the growth
performance of herbal species planted at different locations.
An area of 1.0 hectare has been cleared in Lungmanis
Forest Reserve and planted with several herbal plant species
since November, 2011. Another area of 0.2 hectare in Gum
Gum Forest Reserve has also been planted with a number of
herbal plant species which are almost similar to those planted
in Lungmanis Forest Reserve. Planting of herbal plant species
in Gum Gum Forest Reserve was initiated in December, 2011.
To date, a total of 51 herbal plants species have been planted
(Table 30.17).
No
Scientific Name
1 Acorus calamus
2 Alstonia angustiloba
3 Anacardium
occidentales
4 Andrographis paniculata
5 Annona muricata
Scientific Name
Crinum asiaticum
Cymbopogon citratus
Cymbopogon nardus
Derris elliptica
Dryobalanops
lanceolata
Eurycoma longifolia
Fragraea cuspidata
Goniothalamus sp.
Canarium sp.
Gynura procumbens
Justicia gendarussa
Gum Gum & Lungmanis
Gum Gum & Lungmanis
Gum Gum & Lungmanis
Gum Gum
Gum Gum
Gum Gum & Lungmanis
Lungmanis
Location
Gum Gum
Gum Gum
Gum Gum & Lungmanis
Lungmanis
Lungmanis
Gum Gum
Lungmanis
Gum Gum & Lungmanis
Lungmanis
Gum Gum & Lungmanis
Gum Gum & Lungmanis
Gum Gum
Gum Gum & Lungmanis
Lungmanis
Lungmanis
Lungmanis
Gum Gum & Lungmanis
Gum Gum
Lungmanis
Gum Gum & Lungmanis
Gum Gum
Lungmanis
Gum Gum
Lungmanis
Gum Gum & Lungmanis
Lungmanis
Gum Gum
Gum Gum & Lungmanis
Lungmanis
Gum Gum & Lungmanis
Lungmanis
Gum Gum & Lungmanis
Gum Gum
Lungmanis
Gum Gum
Gum Gum & Lungmanis
Project 3. Development and management of the
Ethnobotanical Garden
The Ethnobotanical Garden was established by the
Ethnobotany Section under the Forest Products Research
Programme in 2001. The main objective was to keep living
specimens of medicinal plants for future references and
studies. In January 2011, the development and management
of Ethnobotanical Garden was handed over to Non-Timber
Plantation Section. Presently, a total of the 92 medicinal plants
are being maintained at this garden (Table 30.18).
Gum Gum & Lungmanis
Gum Gum & Lungmanis
Gum Gum & Lungmanis
Gum Gum
Gum Gum
417
Table 30.18: List of medicinal plant species at Ethnobotanical Garden
No
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
Scientific name
Adenanthera pavonina
Alstonia scholaris
Andrographis paniculata
Anona muricata
Aquilaria malaacensis
Areca catechu
Artocarpus elasticus
Artocarpus heterophyllus
Artocarpus odoratissimus
Asplenium nidus
Bactris gasipaes
Baeckea frutescens
Bambusa vulgaris
Bauhinia semibifida
Blumea balsamifera
Calliandra emarginata
Casuarina sp.
Cinnamomum sp.
Clerodendron fistulosum
Clinacanthus nutans
Cocos nucifera
Costus speciosus
Curculigo latifolia
Curcuma domastica
Cycas rumpii
Cymbopogon citratus
Cymbopogon nardus
Cyrtostachys sp.
Dellenia suffruiticosa
Diospyros sp.
Donax canniformis
Duranta sp.
Durio kutejensis
Durio zibethinus
Dyera costulata
Elephantopus tomentosus
Endospermum malaccense
Etlingera coccinea
Etlingera elator
Euphorbia tirucalli
Eurycoma longifolia
Ficus deltoidea
Ficus septica
flagellaria indica
Fragraea cuspidata
Garcinia mangostana
Gardenia jasminoides
Gigantochloa levis
Goniothalamus sp.
Heliconia marginata
Helmintostachys zeylanica
Annual Report 2014
Local Name
Saga
Tombirog / Pulai
Hempedu Bumi
soursop / Durian Belanda
Gaharu
Pinang
Togop
Nangka
Terap
Tapako
Peach Palm
Berungis
Bambu Tamalang
Tapak Kambing
Cepa / Tawao / Ombung
Calliandra
Sempilau
Medang tiga urat / kayu manis.
Pepangil / Pagoda Tree
Sabah Snake Grass / Belalai Gajah
Kelapa
Insasabu
Tambaka
Kunyit
Queen Sago Palm
Serai makan
Serai Wangi
Melawaring
Simpur
Kayu Malam
Bomban /Lias
Kapur Paji
Duranta
Durian Merah
Durian
Jelutong
Seraman
Senduk Senduk Mata
Tuhau
Bunga Kantan
Tulang Tulang
Tongkat Ali
Belian
Mas Cotek / Sempit Sempit
Sintotobou Topurak
Wakau Salayo
Todopon Pouk
Manggis / mangosteen
Bunga Melor
Bambu Poring
Limpanas
Heliconia
Paku Tunjuk Langit
No
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
Scientific name
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis
Hoya coronaria
Jatropha curcas
Justicia gendarusa
Kalanchoe pinnata
Koordersiodendron pinnatum
Labisia pumila
Lagerstoemia speciosa
Languas galanga
Lansium domesticum
Leea indica
Licuala grandis
Melastoma malabathricum
Morinda citrifolia
Nepenthes gracilis
Nepenthes rafflesiana
Nephelium lappaceum
Omalanthus populneus
Orthosiphon aristatus
Pandanus sp.
Piper betle
Plumeria obtusa
Podocarpus rumphii
Poikilospermum suaveolens
Polygala paniculata
79
80
81
82
Pterocarpus indicus
Samanea saman
Sansevieria trifasciata
Senna alata
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
Solanum torvum
Stachytarpheta jamaicensis
Stevia rebaudiana
Synsepalum dulcificum
Tetracera scandens
Tetrastigma sp.
Tinospora crispa
Urenga undulatifolia
Vernonia esculenta
Zingiber officinale
Local Name
Bunga Raya
Bida Tondu
Kayu Jarak / Tangan Tangan
Tombaiu / genderosa
Setawar
Ranggu
Kacip Fatimah
Bungor
Lengkuas
Langsat
Togimomali/Mali mali
Palas Palm
Senduduk / gosing
Mengkudu
Periuk kera (hijau)
Periuk kera (ungu)
Rambutan
Ludai Susu
Misai Kucing
Pandan
Sireh
Bunga Kemboja
Kayu Cina
Wonodon
Sihou Gamut/Bunga Bintang
Seribu
Angsana
Rain tree
Lidah Jin
Gelenggang/Menggarut/Ring
Worm Bush
Terung Pipit
Bunga malam
Stevia
Miracle Fruit
Mempelas
Tetrastigma
Putarwali
Polod
African tea
Halia
AGROFORESTRY
Background
Agroforestry section is tasked to conduct studies on the
potential of the agroforestry land use management system
in which potential trees or shrubs are grown around or
among agricultural crops. It combines agricultural and
forestry technologies to create more diverse, productive,
profitable, healthy, and sustainable land-use systems. Various
agroforestry models have been tried with the earlier plantings
at Sg Daling, Lungmanis FR. During the year, due to the
absence of an officer to head the section, the agroforestry
section was placed temporarily under the Plantation section.
418
Maintenance and Annual Measurements
In 2014, the Agroforestry section focused mainly on plot maintenance (line weeding and thinning) and measurements in Gum Gum
Forest Reserve and Lungmanis Forest Reserve. The section also carried out a ‘beating up’ activity to replace dead/damaged trees
by squirrel attacks on the Eucalyptus pellita plot in Gum-Gum Forest Reserve. Traps were set up at the plot to minimize further
damage. As of 2014, the existing Eucalyptus hybrid demonstrated good growth with 78% survival.
Table 30.19: Survival rate of species planted and total area of plot maintained
Location
Gum-Gum
Forest Reserve
Sungai Daling
(Lungmanis Forest
Reserve)
Malsa
Segaliud-Lokan
Plot
Survival rate (%)
Mix timber species intercropped with food crops
Eucalyptus pellita
Eucalyptus hybrid
Jati
Jati Intercropped with Oil palm
Sentang
Sentang Intercropped with Oil palm
Rubber
Rubber tree Intercropped with Oil palm
Rambutan intercropped with Pauh Kijang
Rambutan intercropped with Belunu
Rambutan intercropped with Bambangan
Rambutan intercropped with Kayu malam
Rambutan intercropped with Kepayang
Manggis intercropped with Pauh Kijang
Manggis intercropped with Belunu
Manggis intercropped with Bambangan
Manggis intercropped with Kayu Malam
Manggis intercropped with Kepayang
Langsat intercropped with Pauh Kijang
Langsat intercropped with Belunu
Langsat intercropped with Bambangan
Langsat intercropped with Kayu Malam
Langsat intercropped with Kepayang
Binuang
Mata Kucing intercropped with Pauh Kijang
Mata Kucing intercropped with Belunu
Mata Kucing intercropped with Bambangan
Mata Kucing intercropped with Kepayang
Mixed timber species intercropped with Seraya Kelabu
Mixed timber species intercropped with Seraya Kuning
Kudat
Mixed timber species intercropped with Bangkal Kuning
33%
47%
78%
85%
89%
63%
61%
49%
67%
73%
54%
92%
25%
11%
56%
46%
62%
22%
17%
58%
85%
69%
11%
6%
44%
58%
62%
46%
39%
33%
74%
80%
Estimated Area
Maintained (Ha)
Total Area of Plot
(Ha)
% of Area
Maintained
1.5
1.5
100%
4.0
13
31%
5.0
5.0
100%
1.0
1.0
100%
(L–R) Jati intercropped with oil palm at Sungai Daling, Lungmanis Forest Reserve; Sentang intercropped with oil palm at Sungai Daling, Lungmanis
Forest Reserve; and Manggis and Pauh Kijang at Sungai Daling, Lungmanis Forest Reserve
419
(L–R) Langsat and Pauh Kijang at Sungai Daling, Lungmanis Forest Reserve; Binuang and oil palm at Sungai Daling, Lungmanis Forest Reserve;
and Seraya Kelabu and Bambu Poring at Sungai Daling, Lungmanis Forest Reserve.
(Left) Mixed timber species and Bangkal Kuning at Segaliud Lokan and (right) Eucalyptus pellita at Gum Gum Forest Reserve.
(Left) Mixed timber species, Kaffir lime and mixed Coconut species at Gum Gum Forest Reserve and (right) Seraya punai at Gum Gum Forest
Reserve.
TREE BREEDING AND SEED ESTABLISHMENT PROGRAMME
RESEARCH PROGRESS
Provenance Trials
•Binuang
Chart 30.5 shows the growth performance of 12 Binuang seedlots at Kolapis A and KTS after a decade of its establishment. In
Kolapis A, the top performer in height and dbh was Sg. Babakang (1) as highlighted in yellow. In KTS, the ex Segaliud (2) and Sg.
Babakang (2) were dominant in height and dbh, respectively, as marked in green. The worst performers, in height and dbh in Kolapis
A were Sg. Muanad (2) and Sg. Babakang (3) whilst in KTS, the worst performers in height and dbh were Sg. Muanad (1) and Sg.
Meliau (as highlighted in black). Monitoring of these research plots continues.
Annual Report 2014
420
16.22
Kolapis A
KTS
11.35
10.74
dbh (cm)
14.27
Kolapis A
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
14.39
13.39
11.27
Seedlot
Seedlot
Chart 30.5: Growth performance of Binuang at 10 years in Kolapis A and KTS
10-year old Binuang stand in KTS
KTS
16.61
ex
Se
ex gali
Se ud(
ga 1)
Ko liud
lap (2)
Ko is A
lap (1)
Ko is A
Sg lap (2)
. B is
A
Sg aba (3)
. B kan
Sg aba g(1)
. B kan
ab g(
Sg aka 2)
. M ng
ua (3)
n
Sg ad(1
Sg . M )
. M el
Ul ua iau
u
Sa nad
pa (2)
Pa
ya
u
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
ex
Se
ex gali
Se ud(
ga 1)
Ko liud
lap (2)
Ko is A
lap (1)
Ko is A
Sg lap (2)
. B is
A
Sg aba (3)
. B kan
Sg aba g(1)
. B kan
ab g(
Sg aka 2)
. M ng
ua (3)
n
Sg ad(1
.
Sg M )
. M el
Ul ua iau
u
Sa nad
pa (2)
Pa
ya
u
Height (m)
10-year old Binuang stand in Kolapis A
The winner in height and dbh of Binuang planted at the Jayakuik Particleboard Sdn. Bhd. office complex in Seguntor at 9th years
was Sg. Babakang(3) and Sg. Muanad(1) respectively (Chart 30.6). Kolapis A(1) was the worst performer in both height and dbh.
Monitoring of this plot continues.
Sg.
Babakang(3)
20.6
Sg.
Muanad(1)
Height (m)
20
19
18
17
24
ex
Segaliud(2)
23
ex
Segaliud(2)
Sg. Meliau
Sg. Pin
Kolapis A(1)
17.3
Sg.
Babakang(3)
Sg. Pin
Sg. Meliau
22
21
20
16
15
Sg.
Muanad(1)
24.2
25
dbh (m)
21
Kolapis A(1)
20.5
19
18
Seedlot
Seedlot
Chart 30.6: Growth performance of Binuang at 9 year in Seguntor
th
421
9-year old Binuang stand in Seguntor
9-year old Laran plot at the Lungmanis Forest Reserve
•Laran
The Aboretum and Gum Gum Laran seedlots outperformed the others in term of height and dbh growth with 16 m and 23.1 cm,
respectively at 9 years. The sole seedlot from Peninsular Malaysia; Kerbu, was the worst performer with a height and dbh of merely
13.7 m and 15.1 cm, respectively. The Laran trial located in Lungmanis Forest Reserve will be continually monitored. Chart 30.7
shows the top and poor performers (both highlighted).
16
16
Arboretum
25
Gum Gum
15.5
Gum Gum
23.1 Sibuga FR
Arboretum
KTS
20
Sibuga FR
ht (m)
15
KTS
14.5
Sepilok
Kerbu
14
dbh (cm)
16.5
13.5
Sepilok
Kerbu
15.1
15
10
5
13
0
12.5
Seedlot
Chart 30.7: Growth performance of Laran at 9 years in Lungmanis Forest Reserve
Seedlot
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
19
15.5
dbh (cm)
Height (cm)
Provenance Trial of Xylia xylocarpa (Roxb.) W. Theob
Thasongyang seedlot outperformed Tubsai Pong seedlot in both height and dbh at 10th years in KTS (Chart 30.8). Josue (2002)
noted the wood characteristics of X. xylocarpa are comparable to a number of local popular hardwood species, indicating its
suitability for heavy construction uses. Monitoring of this plot continues.
Tubsai Pong
16.5
16
15.5
15
14.5
14
13.5
13
12.5
12
Thasongyang
Seedlot
Chart 30.8: Growth performance of Xylia xylocarpa at 10th year in KTS
Annual Report 2014
422
15.9
13.3
Tubsai Pong
Thasongyang
Seedlot
(Left) A 9-year Xylia xylocarpa stand in KTS (right) and an outstanding individual of X. xylocarpa.
Azadirachta excelsa (Sentang) Provenance cum Progeny
Trial
This trial was established at Segaliud Lokan in 1997,
consisting of 7 progenies derived from 3 localities i.e. Sepilok
FR, Deramakot FR and Lahad Datu. Data recorded were
height and dbh which were used to estimate the standing tree
volume using the general volume formula. Chart 30.9 shows
the growth performance at 15 years with seedlot/progeny from
Lahad Datu outperforming the other progenies with a mean
volume of 0.2 m3.
0.25
0.2
Vol (m3)
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
0
SEP_2
SEP_3
SEP_4
SEP_5
SEP_6
Lahad Deramakot
Datu
Seedlot
Chart 30.9: Growth performance of Sentang at 15 years in Segaliud
Lokan
(Left) 15-year old Sentang plot in Segaliud Lokan and (right) a candidate plus tree (CPT) of Sentang.
Genetic Improvement and Establishment of Clonal Orchards of Laran, Binuang, Batai and Acacias (RMK10 Project D11
0200 0043)
The project was initially approved under RMK10 in 2011. However, due to some financial issues, no funding was released. The fund
amounting to RM285, 000.00 finally came in 2014 to be spent accordingly based on the project components. Raising of planting
materials was immediately carried out at the Sepilok Nursery. Concurrently, preparation of site was also undertaken at Kolapis B.
As of October 2014, a research plot containing 30 seedlots of Batai planted at 6 x 6m spacing was established in Kolapis B. Planting
of Binuang, Laran and Acacia sp. is scheduled in 2015.
423
Laran, Binuang and Batai seedlings raised at Sepilok Nursery and site preparation at Kolapis B.
(Left) Making holes for planting and (right) Batai planted at Kolapis B
Vegetative propagation of some selected species in Kebun Cina
(Sandakan Rainforest Park)
Ten species from Kebun Cina were selected and included in this vegetative
study. Methods used were stem cutting and air-layering. Although the
rooting success was low, we managed to produce 97 rooted cuttings and
23 marcots (air-layered) which were eventually used to rehabilitate the
degraded parts of Kebun Cina, Sandakan. Karamunting (Rhodomyrtus
tomentosa) rooted the fastest with rooting observed as early as two weeks.
Table 30.20 shows the rooting success of the selected species from Kebun
Cina. A paper entitled “Vegetative propagation of some selected species
in Kebun Cina (Sandakan Rainforest Park)” was published in Sepilok
Bulletin Vols. 19 & 20 June 2014. In addition, a poster paper entitled
“Vegetative propagation of Karamunting (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa) was
presented at the 17th Malaysian Conference at the Magellan Sutera
Harbour Resort, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah on 11 to 12, November, 2014.
A poster paper presented at the 17th Malaysian
Forestry Conference.
Table 30.20: Rooting success of the selected species from Kebun Cina.
Species
Dillenia suffruticosa
(Simpoh bini)
Garcinia sp. (Kandis)
Pandanus sp.
Gaertnera vaginans
(Kopi-kopi)
Stem cutting
195
21.0 (41)
Rooting
period
(weeks)
3-12
Stem cutting
Stem cutting
147
42
28.6 (42)
11.9 (5)
4-16
5-8
-
-
-
Stem cutting & air layering
248
1.6 (4)
4-16
21
0
-
Method of vegetative
propagation
Number of Rooting success rate
cuttings
% (number rooted)
Number of
air-layered
materials
21
Rooting success
rate % (number
rooted)
47.6 (10)
Rooting
period
(weeks)
7-12
Annual Report 2014
424
Species
Endospermum
diadenum (Senduk
senduk mata)
Rhodomyrtus
tomentosa
(Karamunting)
Ficus sp.
Alstonia angustiloba
(Pulai)
Symplocos polyandra
(Jiak)
Vitex pubescens
(Kulimpapa)
Method of vegetative
propagation
Number of Rooting success rate
cuttings
% (number rooted)
Rooting
period
(weeks)
Number of
air-layered
materials
Rooting success
rate % (number
rooted)
Rooting
period
(weeks)
225
0
-
25
28.0 (7)
7-12
52
9.6 (5)
2-12
14
0
-
87
135
0
0
-
12
20
41.7 (5)
5 (1)
7-12
7-12
Air layering
-
-
-
17
0
-
Air layering
-
-
-
18
0
-
FRC Nursery Activities
• Installation of one unit low pressure 360º spray jet system at Forest Research Centre Nursery
Lack of man power was the main reason to install one unit of jet spray system at the Forest Research Centre Nursery. With the
mechanized system in place, watering is carried out evenly to all plants at the nursery and without fail. The spray jet was installed
in early November 2014 with funding from the Genetic improvement and establishment of clonal orchards of Laran, Binuang, Batai
and Acacias project (RMK10 Project D1102000043).
(L–R) Low pressure 360º Spray Jet System with tank and pump housing; PVC pipe line linking sprayer points; spray jet system being set-up along
Batai seedlings; and spraying of planting materials.
• Industrial placement of practical students at Forest Research Centre Nursery
5 students namely Mohd Hairul Bin Mohd Jalil, Sofiah Binti Yunus, Rosheila Binti Roslin, Mohd Asri Bin Batli and Mohd Khairul Bin
Mad Hansam from Kolej Komuniti Tambunan; all majoring in Agrotechnology were attached at the FRC Nursery for 4 months (3
November 2014 until 18 February 2015). They were exposed to basic forest nursery management, work and daily activities. Each
student also undertook a mini project respectively in fulfilling the requirement of the college.
(L–R) Mr. Joseph Kapis (Nursery Unit staff) demonstrated the stem cutting experiment to the students; Rooting Belian (Eusideroxylon zwageri); a
mini project by Mohd Asri Bin Batli; and Landscaping using Cement pero by students from Kolej Komuniti Tambunan at Forest Research Centre
Nursery Office compound.
425
• Distribution of planting materials
No
Table 30.21: List of planting material recipients in 2014
Name of School / Public
agency / Private company
List of Species
Total
Lagerstroemia speciosa (Bungur)
Tectona grandis(Jati)
Syzygium campanulatum (Obah Merah)
40
5
5
30
Syzygium campanulatum ( Obah merah)
Macarthur Palm
Licuala sp.
Tectona grandis(Jati)
Cinnamomum sp.(Kayu Manis Hiasan)
Adenanthera pavonina (Saga)
Podocarpus polystachyus (Jati laut)
Politeknik Sandakan, Sabah
Shorea leprosula (Seraya Tembaga)
Synsepalum dulcificum (Pokok Ajaib)
Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Karamunting)
Aquilaria sp. (Gaharu)
Eucalyptus pellita
Spider Lily
Canna sp.
Tabebuia rosea
20
80
50
50
10
10
10
10
5
30
10
10
10
5
10
20
Tectona grandis (Jati)
Cinnamomum iner (Kayu Manis Hiasan)
Macarthur Palm
Licuala sp. (palm)
10
20
5
5
30
30
5
5
Sekolah Menengah
Kebangsaan Tawau
Tambunan District Forestry
Office
Maktab Rendah Sains
Mara, Tawau dan Sekolah
Kebangsaan Pasir Putih,
Tawau
Species
Type
Number of
planting
materials
11
Shorea pauciflora (Obah Suluk)
Seedling
77
12
Synsepalum dulcificum (Pokok Ajaib)
Seedling
168
13
Seedling
427
14
Tabebuia rosea (Trumpet Tree)
Seedling
690
15
Pinus sp.
Seedling
3
16
Dacrydium pectinatum (Sempilor)
Seedling
5
87
17
Seedling
18
Barringtonia sp. (Tampalang)
Seedling
16
19
Terminalia catappa (Ketapang)
Seedling
298
20
Calophyllum sp. (Bintangor Laut)
Seedling
25
21
Canarium sp. (Kedondong)
Seedling
30
22
Mimusops elengi (Bunga Tanjung)
Seedling
40
23
Diospyros spp. (Kayu Malam)
Seedling
48
24
Darah-darah
Seedling
18
25
Dipterocarpus validus (Keruing Kasugoi)
Seedling
20
26
Terminalia copelandii (Talisai Paya)
Seedling
25
27
Seedling
110
556
28
Licuala sp
Seedling
29
Adenanthera pavonina (Saga)
Seedling
219
30
Shorea smithiana (Seraya Timbau)
Seedling
130
31
Shorea parvifolia (Seraya Punai)
Seedling
122
32
Shorea ferruginea (Seraya Melantai Kecil)
Seedling
327
1
Nauclea subdita (Bangkal Kuning)
Cutting
70
2
Lagerstroemia speciosa (Bungor)
Cutting
105
3
Cinnamomum sp.(Kayu Manis)
Cutting
12
4
Podocarpus polystachyus (Kayu Cina)
Cutting
200
5
Barringtonia sp. (Tampalang)
Cutting
28
6
Drybalanops keithii (Kapur Gumpait)
Cutting
28
7
Dipterocarpus caudiferus (Keruing Putih)
Cutting
5
1500
8
Parashorea tomentella (Urat Mata Beludu)
Cutting
8
Calophyllum sp. (Bintangor Laut)
Cutting
25
Sub Total
45
200
5,817
Sandakan Heritage FR,
SFD Headquarters
Shorea pauciflora (Obah Suluk)
Aquiloria beccariana (Gaharu)
Unit Pelancongan, Pusat
Penyelidikan Perhutanan,
Sepilok
KTS Plantation Sdn. Bhd.
Sandakan Rainforest Park
20
9
Jabatan Penerangan
Bahagian Tawau
Mixed species
60
10
Canaga odorata (Bunga Gadong)
Cutting
3
11
Syzygium bankense
Cutting
15
10
20
Total
2,375
• Production of planting materials (cutting and/ or
seedling)
Table 30.22: List of planting available at FRC Nursery in 2014
No
Species
Type
Number of
planting
materials
12
Tabebuia pallida (Trumpet Tree)
Cutting
13
Pandanus sp.
Cutting
10
14
Terminalia catappa (Ketapang)
Cutting
34
15
Cutting
285
16
Dryobalanops lanceolata (Kapur Paji)
Cutting
78
17
Eusideroxylon zwageri (Belian)
Cutting
11
18
Diospyros spp. (Kayu Malam)
Cutting
19
19
Mimusops elengi (Bunga Tanjung)
Cutting
4
1
Seedling
51
2
Adonidia sp. (Christmas palm)
Seedling
325
3
Macarthur Palm
Seedling
676
1
Poring
4
Lagerstroemia speciosa (Bungor)
Seedling
668
2
Buluh
5
Tectona grandis (Jati)
Seedling
250
3
Buluh Kuning
15
6
Drybalanops keithii (Kapur Gumpait)
Seedling
36
4
Balui
19
7
Dryobalanops lanceolata (Kapur Paji)
Seedling
88
8
Dipterocarpus caudiferus (Keruing putih)
Seedling
42
9
Parashorea tomentella (Urat Mata Beludu)
Seedling
27
10
Cinnamomum iners (Kayu Manis Hiasan)
Seedling
213
Annual Report 2014
Sub Total
950
Bamboo Species
10
7
Sub Total
Grand Total
426
51
9,193
SEED SECTION
Diversity Study on Begonia species within the
Heart of Borneo (HoB) zone, Sabah
Field data collection on the diversity of Begonia
species was carried out in Timimbang and Botitian
Forest Reserves and Sg. Imbak Forest Reserve.
A total of eight (8) fertile specimens collected from
the HoB scientific expeditions were deposited
at the Sandakan Herbarium (SAN) for further
identification. Besides that, a trip was arranged
to Danum Valley Field Centre, Lahad Datu on
work with the Begonia experts, Dr. Ruth Kiew
from FRIM, Kepong and Julia Sang from Sarawak
Forestry Corporation, Kuching. A total of eleven
(11) fertile specimens were collected and out of
that, 9 were reported to be new species that have
yet to be described.
Two research posters were presented at the
17th Malaysian Forestry Conference on 11th -12th,
Poster papers presented at the 17th Malaysian Forestry Conference
November. A seed exhibition was also set up for
the Centennial Celebration of Sabah Forestry
Department at Padang Merdeka, Kota Kinabalu from 9th to 13th
visit the Research Institute of Forestry, China Academy of
November. Manuscripts on the six (6) new species of Begonia
Forestry in Beijing and Guangzhou from 25th November to
are being drafted for publication.
4th December, 2014. The purpose of this trip was to discuss
on future collaborative research activities with the academy.
Study on naked seeds
The Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between Sabah
of Gnetum species from
Forestry Department and Research Institute of Forestry,
Sandakan and Sukau
China Academy of Forestry is still being drafted.
Districts, Sabah
A
collaborative
study
Fresh Seed stock
with researchers from
A total of 499 kg of fresh seeds of dipterocarps collected from
the Chinese Academy of
forest reserves in Sandakan, Tawau and Keningau regions
Forestry (CAF), Beijing,
were distributed to Forest Management Units (FMUs) for
P.R. China on the Gnetum
forest restoration/rehabilitation and also to non-governmental
species began in midagencies for their planting activities. 60 kg of non-dipterocarp
2013. Field activities to
species such as Octomeles sumatrana (Binuang) and Gnetum
collect leaf specimens
spp. were also collected and these seed materials would be
and seeds were carried
used for research activities.
out after obtaining the
approval of Access and
Export permits from the
Sabah Biodiversity Centre
(SaBC). Dr. Lee Ying Fah
and Mdm. Chong Fung Yun Mdm Chong and Dr Lee at Summer
were invited by the CAF to Palace, China.
INSECT PEST AND DISEASE PROGRAMME
RESEARCH ACTIVITIES IN 2014
1. Pests and diseases of forest plantation trees and potentially important trees in Sabah
This is an on-going project to monitor and evaluate insect attacks on forest plantation species. In 2014, insect pests were investigated
and documented from various forest tree species, such as Octomeles sumatrana, Terminalia copelandii, Terminalia superba,
Neolamarckia cadamba, Anisoptera costata, Planchonia valida, Mangifera decandra and Eucalyptus pellita. The surveyed sites
were the Heritage Amenity F.R., Gum Gum, Segaliud Lokan and Sepilok. A few new records were documented, as listed below:
No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5
Insect species
Arhopala pseudocentaurus nakula
Cheromettia sumatrensis
Cheromettia sumatrensis
Hypomeces squamosus
Lebeda intermedia
Order: Family
Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae
Lepidoptera: Limacodidae
Lepidoptera: Limacodidae
Coleoptera: Curculionidae
Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae
Hostplant (Common name)
Anisoptera costata (Pengiran Kesat)
Octomeles sumatrana (Binuang)
Planchonia valida (Putat Paya)
Terminalia superba (Limba)
427
Plant part consumed
Leaf
Leaf
Leaf
Leaf
Leaf
No.
6
7
8
9
10
11
Insect species
Mictis longicornis
Nygmia punctatofasciata
Olene inclusa
Orgyia osseata
Selepa discigera
Squamura disciplaga
Order: Family
Hemiptera: Coreidae
Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae
Lepidoptera: Nolidae
Lepidoptera: Metarbelidae
Neolamarckia cadamba (Laran)
Planchonia valida (Putat Paya)
Mangifera decandra (Barun)
Plant part consumed
Sap (Shoot)
Leaf
Leaf
Leaf
Leaf
Bark
A butterfly caterpillar, Arhopala pseudocentaurus nakula, tended
by ants on a Pengiran Kesat tree.
A gelatine caterpillar, Cheromettia sumatrensis, feeding on a
Binuang leaf.
A Gold Dust Weevil, Hypomeces squamosus, on a Talisai Paya
leaf.
Brown silken trail with frass caused by the bark borer,
Squamura disciplaga on a Barun stem.
The Alstonia scholaris saplings in the Heritage Amenity F.R. were severely defoliated in September, 2014. Hence, an investigation
was conducted. The damage was caused by a moth caterpillar, Parotis vertumnalis Guenee (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). The leaf
miner fed on the green tissue of the folded leaf, leaving behind a transluscent layer. The leaf would eventually dry up and wither. As
there were only about 20 saplings, the caterpillars were terminated manually. The folded leaves were split-opened and the fallen
caterpillars (on the ground) were crushed or pressed manually.
(L–R) A defoliated Alstonia scholaris sapling; a larva of the pest; and An adult moth of Parotis vertumnalis.
Annual Report 2014
428
Pest survey on Eucalyptus pellita was also carried out. In 2014, tree shrews were found causing damage to the tree bark at Gum
Gum, Sandakan. The tree shrews were trapped manually by the Plantation and Agroforestry staff.
(Left) Surveying Eucalyptus pellita trees in Gum Gum, Sandakan and (right) damage caused by tree shrews.
Some of the Laran trees (Neolamarckia cadamba) were attacked by termites in Segaliud Lokan. A survey was carried out and the
plot was treated with Termiticide Regent 50SC (Fipronil 5%) by staff of the Tree Improvement Section.
(Left) Investigation on termite attack being carried out and (right) Termite treatment in progress.
Monitoring the wilt and dieback disease of Acacia mangium associated with Ceratocystis acaciivora is on-going in Sabah since
2011. The disease has caused high mortality of acacia trees in the plantations. Vietnam has reported a mortality of 15-20% of
acacias due to Ceratocystis infestation. In Indonesia, the damage is also quite substantial. In Malaysia, the situation is not at a
critical level yet but may become more serious in the future. It has been observed at Sabah Softwoods (Francis Goh, pers. comm.),
SFI (Edmund Gan, pers. comm.) and in Peninsular Malaysia (Lee Su See, pers. comm.).
The recent spread of
coupled with ongoing issues due to Ganoderma root rot in Sabah Softwoods have
resulted in converting A. mangium plantations to other species, such as Eucalyptus pellita.
2. Insects associated with Bornean endemic
dipterocarps
This is a continuation of the research initiated since
2009, as part of the project on the assessment of
population diversity of endemic dipterocarps in Sabah.
It is also in support of the conservation assessment
of Dipterocarpaceae undertaken by the Malaysia Plant
Red List Project, initiated by the Forest Research
Institute Malaysia. Documentation on new insecthost plants is still on-going, and monitoring is being
conducted at the nursery of the Forest Research
Centre, Sepilok. Some of the results were presented
as a research poster at the IUFRO World Congress in
Salt Lake City, USA in October, 2014.
The research poster on insect pests of forest tree seedlings (including Bornean
endemic dipterocarp), presented at the IUFRO World Congress.
429
3. Insect pests in urban forestry
Insects that attack ornamental plants will affect the plant health and the symptoms of attack can be an eyesore to the public. It
can also indirectly affect human health. Thus, some research was conducted on this subject. In 2014, a few new records were
documented on insects associated with ornamental plants (hostplants), as listed here:
No.
Insect species
1 Calliteara horsfieldii
2 Clethrogyna turbata
3 Hypomeces squamosus
Order: Family
Coleoptera: Curculionidae
Ficus microcarpa (Golden Fig / Jejawi)
Cycas rumphii (Queen Sago / Cycad)
Polyalthia longifolia (Ashoka Tree)
Plant part consumed
Leaf
Leaf
Leaf
(L–R) A Clethrogyna turbata caterpillar defoliating Cycas rumphii at Forestry HQ; an adult male moth of Clethrogyna turbata; a caterpillar of
Calliteara horsfieldii, feeding on a Ficus microcarpa leaf at Forestry HQ; and a mating pair of the Gold Dust Weevil, Hypomeces squamosus.
4. Monitoring mangrove forest and other coastal vegetation health
This is an on-going survey on the insect pests affecting the mangroves and other coastal vegetation in Sabah. In 2014, the State
Ministry of Tourism and Environment had requested the Forestry Department to investigate the deteriorating health of some
mangrove trees at the Sg. Nabahan area within the Weston Forests in Beaufort. The trees are a source of food for the iconic
proboscis monkeys, which are an attraction for tourists in the west coast. The investigation was conducted by the staff of the
Mangrove Rehabilitation Unit (Dr Joseph Tangah) in May and it was concluded that the damage on the trees was likely to be caused
by sedimentation from the canal development from Sg. Padas to Sg. Nabahan, and was not caused by insects or diseases. Another
study on insects in mangrove forests includes the insect survey conducted at Tundon Bohangin within the Ramsar site in the Lower
Kinabatangan-Segama Wetlands. The purpose of this study was to procure insect data to enhance biodiversity conservation of this
Ramsar site.
(Left) A Tree Nymph butterfly, Idea hypermnestra, in Tundon Bohangin and (right) The Bee-like Dragonfly, Rhyothemis phyllis,
is common in Tundon Bohangin.
5. Workshop on insect pests and diseases in forestry
A workshop on insect pests and diseases in forestry was organized by the Forestry Department of Peninsular Malaysia in Seremban,
Negeri Sembilan. Dr Arthur Chung was invited as one of the speakers and facilitators. The workshop was participated by some 25
staff members of the Forestry Department of Peninsular Malaysia.
Annual Report 2014
430
(Left) The workshop at Klana Resort in Seremban and (right) lecture in progress.
Utilisation Of Forest Products Programme
RESEARCH & ACTIVITIES
Wood anatomy and identification of medicinal plants species in Sabah
The study on wood anatomical features of some medicinal plants species in Sabah was continued. Some macroscopic and
microscopic features of wood of 2 species, namely Alstonia iwahigensis (Pulai) and Terminalia catappa (Talisai Laut) were
determined. The average values of vessels diameter and rays height of both species are presented in Tables 30.23 and 30.24,
respectively. The photomicrographs on their anatomical features as observed on the transverse, radial and tangential sections of
the wood samples are shown in Fig. 30.1 and Fig. 30.2, respectively.
Table 30.23: The average values of vessel diameters and ray heights of Alstonia iwahigensis.
Sections
Inner (µm)
Outer (µm)
Vessel
Height(m)
0
1
2
Min
20.00
36.30
31.20
Max
88.80
104.83
98.69
Mean
55.56
64.36
63.00
SD
16.5
15.97
14.86
Min
36.88
43.20
43.20
Max
109.6
95.21
104.80
Mean
72.9
66.60
75.33
SD
15.77
11.01
14.07
Ray
Average
0
1
2
76.10
123.71
79.35
347.12
386.43
250.22
60.98
190.58
202.75
150.97
57.50
51.50
45.84
59.20
21.00
79.99
364.64
273.36
314.88
71.61
192.10
160.49
176.60
50.77
52.71
51.13
Average
Min – Minimum,
181.43
Max – Maximum, SD–Standard Deviation
176.39
Fig. 30.1: Photomicrographs of Alstonia iwahigensis.
Transverse
Radial Section
Tangential Section
Table 30.24: The average values of vessel diameters and ray heights of Terminalia catappa
Sections
Inner (µm)
Vessel
Height(m)
0
1
2
Ray
Average
0
1
2
Min
40.80
32.36
36.80
81.46
78.02
66.99
Max
104.80
93.63
93.30
Mean
70.55
67.42
61.76
224.81
247.48
185.29
66.58
139.69
131.33
130.90
Outer (µm)
SD
15.62
16.89
12.92
29.05
36.70
23.84
Average
Min – Minimum,
133.97
Max – Maximum, SD–Standard Deviation
Min
50.40
18.40
29.09
66.98
80.52
49.81
Max
114.43
133.89
84.03
Mean
84.44
73.66
61.14
SD
12.56
25.86
13.80
315.53
218.60
212.09
73.08
145.59
139.88
121.08
42.08
32.51
38.11
135.52
431
Fig. 30.2: Photomicrographs of Terminalia catappa.
Transverse
Radial Section
Tangential Section
The posters of these studies were also prepared by students
of the University Brunei Darussalam (UBD) Ms. Meria Aires
Kuyah and Ms. Kim Ching Ejau during their internship at FRC
(Fig.30.3 & 30.4).
Department (SFD) research project to optimise the utilisation
of timber harvested from the forest. One of the objectives
of the study is to determine the recovery rate of sawntimber
production in the processing of logging residues in DFR. The
findings from the study were presented as a poster during the
17th Malaysian Forestry Conference at the Magellan Sutera
Harbour, Kota Kinabalu on the 11th-12th November 2014
(Fig.30.5).
Photomicrograph of wood specimens in Xylarium
(Preparation of Microslides)
The preparation of microslides of wood samples in the FRC’s
Xylarium (wood collection) was continued. It was conducted
in accordance with the International Association of Wood
Anatomist (IAWA) guideline. A total of 270 microslides (thin
wood sections, namely; transverse, radial and tangential)
were produced. These slides were from 10 families, 18 genera
and 14 species. The status of wood microslides collection in
2014 is shown in Table 30.25.
Fig. 30.3: Poster prepared and presented by Ms. Meria A. Kuyah
during the UBD internship program seminar at FRC, Sepilok on the
28th March 2014.
Table 30.25: The wood microslides collection as of end of December.
Items
Number of wood microslides
Number of family
Number of Genus
Number of Species
Assistance/Service
The Wood Science Section continued to provide information
on various technical topics and also wood identification
service for both the timber industries and the public sector.
A total of 800 wood samples were received for identification.
The Xylarium was open to the public (visitors) for references.
By the end of 2014, there were 5,554 authenticated samples
in the Xylarium, comprising 1,075 species, under 96 families
(Table 30.26). Throughout the year, wood samples of the 41
species as listed in Table 30.27 were also available for sales.
Fig. 30.4: Poster prepared and presented by Kim C. Ejau during the
UBD internship program seminar at FRC, Sepilok on the 28th March
2014.
Salvaging
of
logging
residues in Deramakot
Forest Reserve (DFR)
The extraction of logging
residues
in
Deramakot
Forest
Reserve
(DFR)
started in 2003 by Sentosa
Jaya Fruit Farm Sdn. Bhd. as
part of the Sabah Forestry
Table 30.26: The status of the Xylarium holdings in 2014.
Items
Number of wood samples
Number of Family
Number of Genus
Number of Species
Fig.30.5: Poster by Zamrie, I.
et al. during the 17th Malaysian
Forestry Conference at The
Magellan Sutera Harbour, Kota
Kinabalu, Sabah on 11th -12th
November 2014 (right).
Annual Report 2014
Number
6157
106
242
503
432
Number
5554
96
404
1075
Table 30.27: The list of species of wood samples for sales in 2014.
No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
Vernacular name
Akasia
Batai
Bayor
Bayor
Belian
Binuang
Gaharu
Geronggang
Jati
Jelutong
Karpus
Kayu malam
Kembang
Keranji
Kondolon
Limpaga
Malulok
Medang
Merbau lalat
Minyak berok
Family
Leguminosae
Leguminosae
Sterculiaceae
Sterculiaceae
Lauraceae
Datiscaceae
Thymelaeaceae
Hypericaceae
Verbenaceae
Apocynaceae
Flacourtiaceae
Ebenaceae
Sterculiaceae
Leguminosae
Alangiaceae
Meliaceae
Theaceae
Lauraceae
Leguminosae
Polygalaceae
No.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
Botanical name
Acacia mangium
Paraserianthes falcataria
Pterospermum elongatum
Pterospermum stapfianum
Eusideroxylum zwageri
Octomeles sumatrana
Cratoxylon sp.
Tectona grandis
Dyera costulata
Hydnocarpus woodii
Diospyros diepenhorstii
Sterculia sp.
Dialium indicum
Alangium javanicum
Azadirachta excelsa
Gordonia fimbricata
Litsea tomentosa
Sympetalandra sp.
Xanthophyllum ecarinatum
Vernacular name
Nyatoh
Obah
Perupok
Pulai bukit
Sedaman putih
Sendok-sendok
Sengkuang
Sentul kapas
Takalis
Tampoi
Tanggal
Tembusu
Terap
Gagil
Kapur paji
Keruing merkah
Selangan batu laut
Seraya daun kasar
Seraya kepong
Seraya tembaga
Seraya Timbou
Family
Sapotaceae
Myrtaceae
Celastraceae
Apocynaceae
Euphorbiaceae
Euphorbiaceae
Anacardiaceae
Meliaceae
Tilliaceae
Euphorbiaceae
Olacaceae
Loganiaceae
Moraceae
Dipterocarpaceae
Dipterocarpaceae
Dipterocarpaceae
Dipterocarpaceae
Dipterocarpaceae
Dipterocarpaceae
Dipterocarpaceae
Dipterocarpaceae
Botanical name
Planchonella affmaingayii
Syzygium sp.
Lopphopetalum sp.
Alstonia angustiloba
Macaranga hypoleuca
Endospermum diadenum
Dracontomelon dao
Sandoricum borneensis
Pentace chartacea
Baccaurea sp.
Ochanostachys sp.
Fagraea gigantea
Artocarpus anisophyllus
Hopea sangal
Dipterocarpus acutangulus
Shorea falciferoides
Shorea ovalis
Shorea leprosula
Shorea fallax
Shorea smithiana
BIOTECHNOLOGY PROGRAMME
1. RMK 10: Application of DNA Markers in Forestry
In the 4th year of the RMK 10 project, assessment of the
Dipterocarp species distribution throughout the state was
continued. Some of the surveyed areas were: Timimbang –
Botitian; Sungai Imbak; Sianggau; Sepilok Kabili; Tabin; and
Lower Kinabatangan Segama Wetlands. The results from
the surveys were used in the ongoing work to come up with
the Plant Red List for the Dipterocarpaceae family in Sabah.
Throughout the surveys, seeds were collected and raised in
the nursery to be supplied to the various forest reserves for
restoration purposes.
As for the molecular studies, species specific markers
for Dipterocarpus ochraceus and Dipterocarpus lamellatus
were developed and markers optimization work was carried
out. For Dipterocarpus
ochraceus,
extensive
surveys and phenology
observations
were
carried out within the
Sabah
Parks
area
in 2014. These have
lead to the discovery
of more individuals
(adults and saplings).
As for Dipterocarpus
lamellatus,
extensive
surveys
within
the
area and within forest
reserves
of
similar
ecological
features
have not yielded any
additional populations
for the time being.
Phenology observations Stands of Dipterocarpus grandiflorus
for the latter species were conducted throughout the last 4
years and no flowering or fruiting events were recorded. Initial
ground works for both species have been done in setting up
research plots within the area for molecular work sampling,
using both random and exhaustive sampling methods.
Research findings from the project were presented as
either posters or oral presentations in both international and
national level conferences or seminars, such as that of the
XXIV IUFRO World Congress , Salt Lake City, USA; 2014
International Conference Serpentine Ecology; Heart of Borneo
Conference 2014; Pulau Gaya Scientific Expedition Seminar
(2014) and the 17th Malaysian Forestry Conference.
2. Application of Conventional Cutting and in-vitro
Propagation Method in Different Plant Types
As part of the collaborative project with the Plant Diversity
Programme’s RMK 10 grant, the Biotechnology Programme
has been tasked to look into the application of in-vitro
propagation techniques for different plant types for native
plants that are deemed to possess ornamental value such as
the Nepenthes spp., Begonia spp., Aeschynanthus spp., Hoya
spp. and Orchids.
3. IUCN Red List Assessment for Sabah Endemics
The assessment is an extension of previous Dipterocarp
ecological studies, conducted in collaboration with Dr Colin
Maycock from the University of Aberdeen. The assessment
has been extended to include plant species that are endemic
to Sabah. The Sabah endemic plant species list was generated
through literature reviews and to date, the collaboration is
still ongoing. Besides involving the University of Aberdeen,
it also involves the Forestry Faculty of University Malaysia
Sabah (UMS). The assessment carried out was not based
found on Gaya Island.
433
(L–R) Shoots induction of B.postarii; Plantlets of Begonia being acclimatized at the nursery stage; New species (Begonia kibambanganensis) cultured
from seeds; and Begonia hybrid from seed culture.
on herbarium data alone but efforts have been made to
include bio-geographical distribution data from established
ecological plots and various expeditions, in order to produce
a comprehensive picture of the known distribution. Ecological
Niche Models were also applied in studying the predicted
population distribution and habitat loss to create baseline
information for future conservation efforts at both the national
and international level. A workshop was conducted to familiarize
forestry staff in learning how to conduct assessments.
are located within the SAFE site were not carried out due to
time constraints. One of the outcomes from this collaborative
effort was the presentation of part of the project research
in the Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation
Conference in Cairns Australia in 2014. In the closing phase
of the collaborative work, more publications are expected to
be prepared and published.
4. Scaling Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services: Spatial
Genetic Structure and Carbon Sequestration Potential in
Tropical Forest
The collaborative work with the ITES Ecosystem Management
section of the ETH University of Zurichin quantifying and
evaluating the strength of relationships between wood density,
reproductive traits, gene dispersal and spatial genetic structure
of Dipterocarp trees within the 50 ha plot in Danum Valley is
in the last phase in terms of ground work establishment. Even
though permission was obtained, the additional research that
was proposed in 2013 to look into the assessment of wood
density and carbon content through the coring of trees that
Another batch of seedlings of a Sabah endemic, Shorea waltonii raised
for restoration purposes as well.
Seedlings of Sabah endemic, Shorea symingtonii raised in the nursery
for restoration purposes.
Discussion in the field with collaborators from ETH University,
Switzerland
Annual Report 2014
434
PHYTOCHEMISTRY PROGRAMME
SECTION ACTIVITIES
Chemistry Laboratory – Analytical Services
During the year, the Main Laboratory of the Chemistry Section handled 225 soil and 2286 foliage samples received from researchers
from various local, national and international institutions. In terms of analytical work, this involved close to 10,000 lab tests. The
section also provided consultative/supervisory advice on laboratory procedures and research methodologies to students, researches
and members of the public.
(Left) Preparation of sample solutions for reading on the Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS) and (right) Measuring ion
contents in sample solutions on the AAS
State Development Project 10MP: Upgrading of Research at FRC in Indentification and Development of Herbal Products
from Sabah’s Forests
This is an on-going project under the RMK10 State Development Program. The main objective was to upgrade the capability and
capacity of the Forest Research Centre (FRC) to undertake R&D on herbal or medicinal plants from the forests of Sabah. However,
no funding was received during the year. As a result, development work that was planned for the year, notably setting up a Clean
Room and Sample Repository Unit necessary for the research project had to be shelved. Still, various efforts were made to continue
studies on development of herbal products. The Section participated in the Exhibition at the Forestry Centennial Celebration at
Padang Merdeka, Kota Kinabalu from the 9 – 12 November 2014. Several items were exhibited in the form of herbal soaps, herbal
teas and essential oils made from various medicinal plant species.
Exhibit at the Forestry Centennial Celebration, Padang Merdeka, Kota Kinabalu: 9-12 November 2014
Research Collaboration: Biodiversity and Land-Use Impacts on Tropical Ecosystem Function (Bali)
This is a multi-disciplinary project funded under NERC (Natural Environment Research Council, UK), and is part of a global
research programme: Human Modified Tropical Forests Programme that aims to understand the role of biodiversity in major forest
biogeochemical cycles, and develop new technological capabilities for sustainable long-term observations of biogeochemical
cycling in forests.
BALI project will be carried out in 4 years and will involve research work around the SAFE, Maliau and Danum areas, and
laboratory work both in Sabah and also in the UK. Although it officially started in October of 2014, some ground work was initiated
much earlier with visits and discussions among project members. The project is carried out by a consortium of international
researchers headed by Dr Teh Yit Arn of the University of Aberdeen, Scotland and also local experts and researchers. The Forestry
Department together with Universiti Malaysia Sabah (notably Institute of Tropical Biodiversity Centre) are collaborators in the project
and Dr. Noreen Majalap is the local collaborator in the department. The Chemistry laboratory of the Forest Research Centre has
started receiving samples for analysis and the amounts are expected to increase significantly once the project is fully underway.
The main objective of the project is to look at the biogeochemical impacts of tropical forest degradation, agricultural conversion
and biodiversity loss to understand the effects of land-use changes on the functional diversity of tropical forest ecosystems and
consequences of these changes on the local and landscape-scale. More information can be found on the project website: http://
bali.hmtf.info/ and also at http://hmtf.info/.
435
SOIL AND WATERSHED PROGRAMME
RESEARCH ACTIVITIES
the preliminary findings (Tree Improvement Section) that the
Binuang growth performance varies among the sites. Soil
assessment in the field was conducted by looking into the site
drainage condition, watertable level, soil texture and thickness.
Soil samples from each site were collected and analysed at
the soil laboratory at the Forest Research Centre, Sepilok to
find out the differences in chemical and physical properties.
1. Soil Assessment / survey
i. Preparation of Management Plan for Sook Lake Forest
Reserve
The Sook Lake Forest Reserve totalling an area of about
1,452.52 ha was formally part of the Sook Plains Forest
Reserve. It was recently reclassified into a Class I forest
reserve. In order to maintain the integrity of the area, a
Management Plan needs to be developed by taking into
consideration all biological, physical and forest resources
available within the area. This section has been given a task
in providing soil related information of the area. Descriptions
and assessments of the different soil types were done based
on the field inspection and sampling as well as taking into
account the readily available soil information of the site.
Soils in the Sook Lake Forest Reserve can be broadly
classified into four (4) main soil associations namely Brantian,
Dalit, Lokan and Kepayan. These soil classifications were
derived from the differences in the landform conditions and
soil parent materials. In areas where the landforms are mainly
hilly comprising sandstone and mudstone, the dominant
soils are of the Lokan and Dalit associations. In areas with
landforms made from terraces derived from alluvium, the
Brantian and Kepayan associations are the dominant soils.
The soil associations could be further sub-divided into several
other soil families and soil units according to their respective
soil profile properties. The dominant soil families are Paliu,
Tanjong Lipat, Inanam, Serai and Baiayo while orthic acrisol,
gleyic acricol, gleyic podzol and albic arenosol are the main
soil unit occurring in the area.
2.Research collaboration with National Institute for
Environmental Studies (NIES), Japan – ‘Mapping and
assessing of forest biomass resources in Sabah province
using satellite data’
The aim of the study is to develop the methodology to
estimate forest biomass by using satellite laser altimetry data
in combination with ground measurement. Mr Jupiri Titin is
the local collaborator in this study. Several points or footprints
having laser signal from satellite observed in the past were
identified and selected. At these points, the Bitterlich sampling
method was used, and trees considered ‘in the plot’ were
measured for canopy height and diameter at breast height
(dbh). Allometric equation was then applied to the measured
data to estimate the aboveground biomass (AGB) for each
plot. Four (4) plots were established at Ulu Tungud Forest
Reserve, and the average AGB recorded was 294.7Mg ha-1.
3. RMK-10 project - Carbon Stock Assessment Under
Forest Plantation
This project approved in 2013, enters its 2nd year of
implementation this year and it is funded by the State
Government under the RMK-10 (Rolling Plan 4). The objective
of this project is to quantify carbon stocks in different carbon
pools of selected species and ages of forest plantations.
Carbon stocks in forest plantations can be estimated through
a biomass estimation equation. Tree diameter at breast height
(dbh) and its total height are measured. By using an appropriate
allometric equation such as the one developed by Brown
(1997), tree biomass can be estimated. Multiplying the value
of tree biomass with standard value of carbon concentration
(generally, carbon is in the range of about 48-50% of the dry
biomass), produces an estimate of carbon content.
A total of 121 plots have been established in Kolapis A
and B (Lungmanis Forest Reserve), Maxland Sdn. Bhd. and
Lebih Hasil Sdn. Bhd. To estimate the soil carbon content, 726
soil samples were collected for bulk density and soil carbon
analysis. The preliminary results of this study are presented in
Table 30.28.
b. Research plots at Seguntor (Jayakuik Particleboard
Sdn. Bhd.), Kolapis A and KTS Segaliud
A study was conducted to investigate the influence of soil
conditions on the growth performance of Binuang (Octomeles
sumatrana) at three different experimental sites namely
Seguntor, Kolapis A and KTS Segaliud. This is in relation to
Table 30.28: Preliminary results of carbon stock assessed.
Location
Dyera sp. plot
Annual Report 2014
Species
Acacia mangium
Kolapis B
Acacia peregrinalis
Eucalyptus pellita
Cratoxylum sp
Lungmanis Forest (Geronggang)
Reserve
Dyera sp (Jelutong)
Lebih Hasil Sdn. Paraserianthes
Bhd.
falcataria
Maxland Sdn.
Paraserianthes
Bhd.
falcataria
436
Year
Planted
1994
1995
1996
42.4 - 146.2
35.2 - 77.4
15.8 - 24.1
Average C
density (Mg/ha)
74.5
58.0
20.4
1997
2.8 - 9.4
6.8
1997
5.4 - 13.8
9.0
2007
8.8 - 19.4
14.15
2008
1.92 - 38.5
7.5
C density (Mg/ha)
(L–R) Tree diameter measurement; collection of soil samples; and soil sample analysis.
TOURISM PROGRAMME
The 17th Malaysian Forestry Conference was held at Magellan
Sutera Harbour Resort, Kota Kinabalu. The Head of Forest
Research Centre (FRC) Tourism Unit, Mr. Jarry K. Lajanga,
presented a working paper entitled ‘A Study on Tourism
Potential and Development in Tongod, Sabah’. The FRC
Tourism Unit staff also helped in providing materials for
the Eco-tourism section during the exhibition for the Sabah
Forestry Department Centennial Celebration.
In 2014, the FRC Tourism Unit received 2 students from
Universiti Technology Mara and Universiti Putra Malaysia to
do their internship at the Forest Research Centre for 3 - 6
months. During their practical training at the FRC Tourism Unit,
the students were exposed to different methods in carrying out
various tasks, preparing reports as well as learning the right
method in presenting their reports.
The 5th Prime Minister of Malaysia, the Honourable Tun Abdullah
Haji Ahmad Badawi with his wife Tun Jeanne Abdullah visit to FRC
on 26th September 2014.
Steps were also taken to upgrade the quality of the facilities
available to visitors at SRFP. Among the steps taken are listed
below:
i Upgrading of jogging track
ii Building security hut
iii Building New Reception Centre
iv Repairing damaged culvert
v Upgrading of Nature Trail
Forestry course students from the Faculty of Science and Natural
Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, visiting Forest Research Centre.
FRC Tourism Unit was also in charge of group visits to
Forest Research Centre and Sandakan Rainforest Park
(SRFP). In 2014, it was estimated that about 800 visitors came
to visit FRC and SRFP. These visitors were mostly school
students and from the institutions of higher learning. On 26th
September 2014, the former Prime Minister of Malaysia, The
Honourable Tun Abdullah Haji Ahmad Badawi and his wife Tun
Jeanne Abdullah, visited the Tropical Rainforest Conservation
and Research Centre at FRC.
The FRC Tourism Unit is also involved in the development
of the Sandakan Rainforest Park (SRFP), which is to maintain
and provide facilities for the visitors coming to the park.
Tuan Hj. Daud Tampokong, the Managing Director of Ganjaran
Murni Sdn. Bhd., handed over the new reception centre to the Deputy
Director of Sabah Forestry Department, Dr. Lee Ying Fah, witnessed
by the Consultant team, and staffs of Ganjaran Murni Sdn. Bhd. and
the Sandakan Rainforest Park.
437
At the same time, SRFP staff were also involved in carrying
out cleaning work at SRFP, such as in clearing fallen trees on
the jogging track and also the nature trail, cleaning the jogging
track and collecting rubbish. The staff are ready to provide
assistance in time of emergency, such as in helping visitors
who might experience health problems or if any visitors
happen to be lost in the forest area of SRFP.
As a preparation to overcome any possibility of forest fire
occurrence at SRFP, the park staff took precautionary steps
in carrying out interval surveillance, monitoring and updating
the use of the equipment in fighting forest fire, such as water
pumps and generator with the help and advice from the
Sandakan Fire and Rescue Department staff.
The drought season which hit Sandakan between April and
June 2014, had affected the forests in Sandakan, including
Sandakan Rainforest Park. This situation had triggered the
need for the patrol team and fire prevention at Sandakan
Forest Research Centre Tourism Unit staffs, helping to extinguish the
forest fire near the perimeter of Kebun Cina Forest Reserve.
(L–R) Forest Research Centre Family Day at Sandakan Rainforest Park on 30th August 2014; Group of New Life Centre Church having their family
day at Sandakan Rainforest Park on 4th October 2014; and Malaysian Royal Navy Sandakan Branch undergoing their physical training at Sandakan
Rainforest Park.
(L–R) Sandakan Employees Provident Fund Group organizing their family day at Sandakan Rainforest Park; Team of Volunteers of Malaysian
People undergoing their fitness training programme at Sandakan Rainforest Park; and Member of Sandakan Seventh Day Adventist Church held
their Jogathon programme at Sandakan Rainforest Park.
(L–R) Physical training for the coaches from Malaysian National Service Programme Sandakan Branch, at SRFP; Family Day of the Sabah Forestry
Headquarters Finance and Budget Division at Sandakan Rainforest Park on 29th March 2014; and Head of FRC Tourism Unit, Mr. Jarry K. Lajanga,
briefing the visitors from Sandakan Community College on the rules of jungle trekking at SRFP.
Annual Report 2014
438
(L–R) SK Sipinong Sandakan visit to Sandakan Rainforest Park; Women Ministry of the Seventh Day Adventist Church Sungai Manila Sandakan
Recreation Day at Sandakan Rainforest Park; and students of SK Paris 3 Kinabatangan, visit to Sandakan Rainforest Park.
(L–R) Sabah Forestry Department staff from Sandakan District Office, undergoing their marching training in preparation of the Sabah Forestry
Department Centennial Celebration in Kota Kinabalu; European Union (EU) workshop participants undergoing Measurement, Reporting and
Verification (MRV) training at Sandakan Rainforest Park; and children colouring competition in conjunction with the FRC Family Day.
Rainforest Park. The pro-active action showed a positive result
when a fire broke out at the border of Sandakan Rainforest
Park in the evening of 12th April 2014 and was successfully
detected. Immediate action was taken to extinguish the fire
with the help from the Sandakan Fire and Rescue Department.
SRFP is also known as a suitable location to organize
recreational activities. In 2014, various government bodies
as well as other associations organized their activities, such
as jungle trekking by the Sandakan Hash group, Survival
Camp organized by the Malaysian Royal Navy, The Volunteer
of Malaysian People fitness training programme, Sandakan
Seventh Day Adventist Church jogathon programme, the
Sandakan Employees Provident Fund Group Family Day and
New Life Centre Church Family Day at the park.
Research Activities
The Tourism Unit of the Forest Research Centre (FRC)
carries out research to generate information for ecotourism
development in forested areas in Sabah. This unit also
participates in ecotourism projects implemented by the Sabah
Forestry Department.
The staff of Forest Research Centre Tourism Unit, in front of the
Sumuyoh cave at Ramsar site, Kinabatangan.
has the potential to be developed as a tourist destination and
some of the suggestions on tourism attractions in Tundon
Bohangin are flora and fauna, fishing trip, local delicacy and
local history. The survey showed that Tundon Buhangin could
be developed for tourism with the appropriate guidelines of
development to be carried out in the area.
Tourism Development Potential in Tundon Bohangin –
Ramsar site
Sabah is blessed with nature tourism that is yet to be
explored, where there are many potential areas that can be
developed as tourism attractions. Hence, under the Heart
of Borneo (HoB) initiative, the staff of the FRC Tourism Unit
conducted a survey and research on the tourism development
potential in surrounding areas of Tundon Bohangin of Lower
Kinabatangan-Segama Wetlands that has been designated
as Sabah’s first and Malaysia’s largest Ramsar site. Based
on the findings of the research, the Tundon Bohangin area
Conservation value of Mount Walker Forest Reserve
Lead by Sabah Forestry Department Deputy Director for
Research and Development, Dr. Lee Ying Fah, on the 30th
August 2014, the tourism unit staff conducted a survey on
the conservation value of Mount Walker Forest Reserve.
This conservation value can be used to prioritize land for
conservation or other related purposes.
439
Reproductive phenology and sugar production of Nypa
fruticans
Forest Research Centre Tourism Unit staff were also involved
in helping a Masters Degree student from Universiti Malaysia
Sabah, Miss Nadira Binti Abdul Manaf in conducting fieldwork
for her thesis research on “Reproductive phenology and sugar
production of Nypa fruticans” at Labuk Bay, Sandakan.
Forest Research Centre team, headed by Sabah Forestry Department
Deputy Director (R&D), Dr. Lee Ying Fah, surveying Mount Walker
Forest Reserve, in Sandakan to obtain information on the area.
Other Activities
(L–R) Participations of the “Creating Tomorrow Sustainable Destination In Kinabatangan: The Role of Research”, workshop at Universiti Malaysia
Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah; Forestry project based on community Workshop in Kinabatangan on 9th April 2014; and Head of FRC Tourism Unit,
Mr. Jarry K. Lajanga (sitting in the middle) attending the SEED 2014 World Conference and Exhibition at Sutera Habour Resort, Kota Kinabalu.
(L–R) 5th Asean Social Forestry Network (ASFN) participants visiting the Kelawat Village Community project in Kota Belud; Staff of the Sarawak
Timber Industry Development Corporation visiting Forest Research Centre; and Mr. Jarry K. Lajanga, presenting a paper entitled ‘A Study on
Tourism Potential and Development in Tongod Sabah’ at the 17th Malaysian Forestry Conference in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah.
(L–R) Mr. Jarry K. Lajanga, receiving a token of appreciation from the English tutor for fulfilling the English Course at Borneo Cove Hotel
Sandakan; Practical students from the Universiti of Brunei Darussalam during their orientation programme at the Forest Research Centre; and
Staff of Forest Research Centre Tourism Unit with staff of Sandakan Municipal Council, Mr. Alfred Gulimas (second from right), conducting the
inspection on the falling ficus tree near the Sandakan Golf Club.
Annual Report 2014
440
CONSULTANCY UNIT
Activities in 2014
1. Coordination of research programmes between Sabah Forestry Department and other institutions
In 2014, the Consultancy Unit facilitated some research programmes and activities on behalf of the Head of the Forest Research
Centre. The Unit assisted in the preparation of two Memorandum of Understanding (MoUs) with the Sabah Forestry Department,
which were signed during the Centennial Celebration of the Sabah Forestry Department on the 10th November, 2014, as follows:
No
Organization (Project Leader)
Purpose
1 Graduate School of agriculture, Kyoto University Developing a monitoring, reporting and verification (MRV) system based on ‘Biodiversity
(GSAKU) (Prof. Kanehiro Kitayama)
Observation for Land and Ecosystem Health (BOLEH)’ approach in support of REDD+
implementation in Sabah
2 Kipandi Park, Kota Kinabalu (Dr Steven Bosuang)
Research on native ornamental plants, other plants of interest and forest insects
The Consultancy Unit coordinated the Internship Programme
between the Forest Research Centre and Universiti Brunei
Darussalam. The Unit liaised with the Chief Minister’s
Department and Immigration Department for arrangements of
the Bruneian students to be placed at the Forest Research
Centre, Sepilok. In 2014, two batches of students conducted
their internship, as listed below:
1. Meria Aires & Kim Ching (Universiti Brunei Darussalam) –
9 weeks of internship (Jan-Mar, 2014).
2. Nurfarina, Nur Maziyah & Zulhamizan (Universiti Brunei
Darussalam) – 9 weeks of internship (Aug-Oct, 2014).
The Signing Ceremony during the Centennial Celebration of the
Sabah Forestry Department, witnessed by the Right Honourable Chief
Minister of Sabah and the fifth Prime Minister of Malaysia.
•
PALMEX 2014 Expo and Conference (Palm Oil Technology)
in Sandakan (21st – 22nd May, 2014).
• Malam Inovasi Jabatan Perhutanan Sabah (21st May,
2014).
• State Innovation Exhibition at Menara Tun Mustapha, Kota
Kinabalu (28th - 29th May, 2014).
•8th International Conference on Serpentine Ecology, Kota
Kinabalu, Sabah (9th -13th June, 2014).
• International Ant Course at Maliau Basin (21st – 23rd July,
2014).
• Simposium Kebangsaan Konservasi 2014, at Pacific
Sutera Hotel, Kota Kinabalu, organized by FRIM (11th - 12th
August, 2014).
• FRC Seminar on ‘Masting and resource dynamics’ by
James Margrove of ETH, Zurich (31st October, 2014).
• Centennial Celebration of the Sabah Forestry Department
at Padang Merdeka, Kota Kinabalu (9th November, 2014).
• International Conference on Enhancing Biodiversity
towards No Net Loss & Beyond within the Heart of Borneo
Landscape in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah (10th November, 2014).
•17th Malaysian Forestry Conference in Kota Kinabalu,
Sabah (12th – 13th November, 2014).
UBD student presentation at the end of their internship.
2. Coordination of conferences, seminars, workshops
and other events
The Consultancy Unit has been assigned to coordinate or
assist in some of the events organized by the Sabah Forestry
Department and other relevant agencies. Such programmes
are important for researchers and foresters to keep abreast
with the current issues in forestry. The events (with the
Consultancy Unit’s involvement in the capacity as Master Of
Ceremony, speaker, rapporteur, coordinator or committee
member) are as follows:
• Seminar YaHijau, Promenade Hotel, Kota Kinabalu,
organized by Ministry of Energy, Green Technology &
Water, Malaysia (1st March, 2014).
• FRC Seminar on ‘Sustainable alternatives to slash-andburn agriculture in rain forests (The Cambridge Inga
Projects in Central America)’ by Dr Michael Hands of INGA
Foundation (10th March, 2014).
Dr Arthur Chung attended the International Union of Forest
Research Organizations (IUFRO) World Congress in Salt
Lake City, USA in October, 2014. The theme of the World
Congress was ‘Sustaining Forests, Sustaining People. The
Role of Research’.
441
The Opening Ceremony of the IUFRO World Congress in Salt Lake City, USA.
3. Other tasks handled by the Consultancy Unit
Throughout 2014, the Consultancy Unit was assigned in
various other tasks which included:
• Insect survey and publication of an illustrated book
‘Discovering the Insects of Heritage Amenity Forest
Reserve, Sandakan’. The Forestry Headquarters is located
within this 8.52 ha reserve.
• Compilation and publication of the ‘Proceedings of the
International Conference on Heart of Borneo’s Natural
Capital: Unleashing Their Potential for Sustainable Growth
in Sabah’. The Unit and other FRC researchers were
involved in preparing the publication which was published
in the third quarter of 2014.
• Coordinated the Ramsar site scientific expedition at
Tundon Bohangin from 16th to 26th June, 2014.
• Assisted in the SFD-ISME-TBRC collaboration on
mangrove rehabilitation.
• Insect diversity research of the Heart of Borneo (Sabah)
and Ramsar (Sabah) programmes. Participated in scientific
expeditions to Timimbang-Botitian and Sg. Imbak (2c & 2d)
Forest Reserves, and Tundon Bohangin within the Ramsar
site in the Lower Kinabatangan-Segama wetlands.
The Proceedings of the HoB Conference (left) and the Insects
of Heritage Amenity FR.
• Assisted in the publication of a HoB book ‘The Network of
Protected Forests in Telupid, Sabah’ which was launched
during the HoB Conference in Kota Kinabalu on 10th
November, 2014 by the Honourable Minister of Natural
Resources & Environment, Malaysia.
Reports on insect diversity of the surveyed forest reserves in 2014.
• Reviewer for Journal of Tropical Biology & Conservation (1
paper) & Journal of Threatened Taxa (1 paper) in 2014.
• Examiner for M.Sc. students from Universiti Malaysia
Sabah (2 students) & Universiti Tun Hussein Onn, Johor (1
student) in 2014.
• Local collaborator for postgraduate students and foreign
researchers in related topics in 2014:
1. Dr Rob Ewers (Imperial College London) - Stability of
Altered Forest Ecosystems (SAFE) Project. 2011-2016.
2. Daniela Magdalena Sorger (North Carolina State
University, USA) – Phenotype divergene within Bornean
ant species-response to altitude and climate. 2011-2015.
3. Dr Brigitte Fiala (Wuerzburg University, Germany)
- Preliminary explorative study on population structure of
thrips (Thysanoptera) as pollinators of Macaranga pioneer
trees in different areas and with different landscape context
(2013-2014).
4. Dr Eleanor Slade (Oxford University) – Effects of
habitat modification and fragmentation on dung beetle
biodiversity and associated ecosystem functioning. 20142015.
5. Prof. Brian Fisher (California Academy of Sciences)
– Study of ants in Maliau Basin, Sabah. 2014.
The Proceedings of the HoB Conference (left) and the Insects of
Heritage Amenity FR.
• Assisted in preparation of the Forest Management Plan for
Deramakot, Sapulut and Pin-Supu Forest Reserves, and
the High Conservation Value (HCV) Report for TimimbangBotitian Forest Reserves.
• Attended Sabah Biodiversity Centre (SaBC) Technical
Committee meetings on behalf of the Head of FRC.
• Assisted in editing the Sabah Forestry Department’s
Annual Report 2013.
Annual Report 2014
442
(L–R) Seminar YaHijau at Promenade Hotel, Kota Kinabalu; Dr Arthur Chung presenting a paper on behalf of the department during the Seminar
YaHijau; and International Conference on Serpentine Ecology at Magellan Sutera Harbour Resort in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah.
(L–R) Simposium Kebangsaan Konservasi 2014, at Pacific Sutera Hotel, Kota Kinabalu; International Ant Course in progress at Maliau Basin Field
Studies Centre; and comment on the slide show by judges during the State Innovation Exhibition.
(L–R) Research in progress during the scientific expedition in Tundon Bohangin; Research poster exhibition during the 17th Malaysian Forestry
Conference in Kota Kinabalu; and FRC Seminar on ‘Sustainable alternatives to slash-and-burn agriculture in rain forests’ by Dr Michael Hands.
(L–R) A presentation by Nurfarina, a Brunei student in FRC upon completion of her internship; The poster exhibition during the IUFRO World
Congress in Salt Lake City, USA. Dr Arthur Chung, together with FRC researchers put up two research posters.; and The Consultancy Unit assisted
in organizing the Forestry Centennial Celebration, HoB Conference and MFC-17, including preparation of the programme books.
443
FRC: STAFF AND RESEARCH ACTIVITIES
Research and development is an important component
in supporting the implementation of sustainable forest
management. The Forest Research Centre (FRC), under
the State Forestry Department, endeavours to be a centre
of excellence in tropical forestry research, with its mission,
to further develop and apply knowledge and technology
to support conservation, management, development and
sustainable utilization of the forest resources of Sabah
through scientific research. Research work dates back to
the 1920s, making it one of older research institutions in the
Southeast Asian region. The Deputy Director (Research) of
the Sabah Forestry Department heads the Centre, managing
research programmes and activities conducted by more than
30 researchers with varying expertise within the 11 research
programmes as follows:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5. Soil & watershed
6. Pests & diseases
7. Plant diversity
8. Insect diversity
9.Tourism
10.Biotechnology
11.Phytochemistry
The total number of FRC staff, including researchers and
support staff, was 258 as of 31st December 2014 (Table
30.29). There were 8 researchers with a PhD, 10 with MSc
while the rest had at least a Bachelor degree. Administrative
and financial matters of the FRC were handled by an
administrative and accounting officer respectively. There were
over 50 research assistants to help out particularly in the field
and lab works. The findings from the research activities are
disseminated through various ways such as presentation at
conferences, symposia, seminars and workshops, publication
in various journals, monographs, reports and articles.
Natural forest management
Plantation silviculture
Utilisation of forest products
Tree breeding & seed source establishment
Table 30.29: FRC research officers and supporting staff in 2014.
Post
Research Officer Q54
Accountant W41
Admin Officer N41
Sub total
Permanent/temporary
On contract
Open vote
(A) Management & Professionals
10
4
2
2
11
1
1
–
–
–
2
1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
31
3
–
1
1
5
–
–
–
–
1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
8
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
25
–
(B) (C) (D) Supporting Staff
Assistant Research Officer Q27
2
Research Assistant Q22
17
Research Assistant Q17
29
Pereka B17
1
Pembantu Perpustakaan S22
1
Pembantu Perpustakaan S17
1
Pembantu Tadbir (P/O) N22
6
Pembantu Tadbir (P/O) N17
6
Pembantu Setiausaha Pejabat (K) N17
1
Pembantu Tadbir N11
6
Pembantu Am Pejabat N1
1
Pembantu Tadbir W22
2
Pengawas Hutan G14
1
Pengawas Hutan G11
4
Pemandu R6
9
Pemandu R3 / H11
26
Tukang K2, R22
2
Tukang K2, R11
5
PRA R1
62
Pengawal Keselamatan
1
Sub total
183
16
25
Total
214
19
25
Grand Total
Annual Report 2014
258
444
TIMBER PLANTATION NON-‐TIMBER PLANTATION ECOLOGY CONSERVATION ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION MINOR FOREST PRODUCTS WOOD TECHNOLOGY WOOD UTILIZATION UTILIZATION OF FOREST PRODUCTS PROGRAM CONSULTANCY AGRO-‐
FORESTRY SILVICULTURE HIDROLOGY PLANTATION SILVICULTURE PROGRAM NATURAL FOREST MANAGEMENT PROGRAM OUTREACH SEED TREE BREEDING TREE BREEDING PROGRAM DEPUTY K(PPP) -‐ OPERATION FINANCE & STORE SOIL SOIL AND WATERSHED PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION PATHOLOGY PESTS & DISEASES PROGRAM ENTOMO-‐
LOGY INSECT DIVERSITY PROGRAM COMPUTER SERVICE HERBARIUM PLANT DIVERSITY PROGRAM LIBRARY ECO-‐TOURISM TOURISM PROGRAM DEPUTY K(PPP) -‐ DEVELOPMENT DEPUTY DIRECTOR (RESEARCH)/K(PPP) SEPILOK ORGANIZATION CHART
FOREST RESEARCH CENTRE, SEPILOK
BIOTECH-‐
NOLOGY BIO-‐
TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM CHEMISTRY PHYTO-‐
CHEMISTRY PROGRAM Sabah Forestry Department
CONFERENCE/SEMINAR/TRAINING/COURSE/VISIT PARTICIPATED
No
Seminar/Course
Date
Participants
1
Study Tour to Costa Rica
7–16 Feb
Robert Ong
2
Training course on camera-trapping and smart Patrolling, Telupid
26-28 Feb
Alexander Hastie, Jamirus Jumian,
Jusli Junih
3
Sustaining The Future of Acacia Plantation Forestry. Hue, Vietnam
18-21 Mar
Robert Ong
4
ArcGIS Seminar, Kota Kinabalu
24 June
Julsun Sikui
5
Study tour to the Sarawak Planted Forest in Bintulu, Sarawak
6
Sabah delegation visit to Portland Oregon, led by YB Datuk Seri Masidi Manjun, Sabah Minister
of Tourism
7
Heart of Borneo Conference & 17th Malaysian Forestry Conference, Kota Kinabalu
10–12 Nov
Robert Ong, Alexander Hastie, Julsun
Sikui, Reuben Nilus, Noor Azmizah,
Bernadette D Joeman, G. Hubert Petol,
John B. Sugau, Dr Joan Pereira, Suzana
Sabran, Andi Maryani A. Mustapeng &
Alviana Damit, James Josue and Mr.
Zamrie Imiyabir
8
Ahli panel penilai dalam Mesyuarat Jawatankuasa Teknikal Penilaian Standard (JPTS) bagi
Dokumen Standard Kemahiran Pekerjaan Kebangsaan Pengurusan Tapak Semaian Hutan
10–12 Dec
Robert Ong
16–18 June
27 Sept – 4 Oct
9 -10 Jan
Robert Ong, Alexander Hastie
Robert Ong
9
Field visit to Kuching Wetland Ramsar Site, Sarawak, with the JICA-SDBEC CEPA Team
10
Field visit to the KPD-OISCA Training Centre, Tenom as a preparation for the Tanak Wetlands
Camp II.
15 Jan
Bernadette D Joeman
Bernadette D Joeman, Arni-Natalia Arpa
11
Sesi Penerangan Peringkat Jabatan Siri 1/2014 (Kurikulum PTM peringkat Jabatan) Bagi
Menggantikan Kursus Induksi Modul Khusus SFD HQ
21-23 Jan
Bernadette D Joeman, Fazidah Ismail,
Suzana Sabran, Andi Maryani A.
Mustapeng, Nur Adillah M. Yusof, Dauni
Seligi, Jemson Jumian
12
Latihan Pencegahan & Pengawalan Kebakaran Hutan, IPS Telupid
24 -27 Feb
Raymund Kimlaw
13
OSH Train the Trainer Course, NIOSH, FT Labuan
10 -14 Mar
Arni-Natalia Arpa
14
Program Transformasi Minda (PTM), INSAN, Keningau
23 -28 Mar
Jamirus Jumian
15
Training on First Aid and Search and Rescue (SAR) by Fieldskills team.
26 – 28 Mar
33 SFD Nature Centres staff, including 17
RDC staff
16
High Conservation Value Forest (HCVF) Training by WWF Malaysia
17
Field visit to Lower Kinabatangan-Segama Wetlands, Ramsar Field Centre
18
Kursus Fail & Rekod, INSAN, Lahad Datu
28 -30 Apr
Fazidah Ismail
19
Best of Both Worlds Conference on Environmental Education, Bertiago, Brazil
8 – 24 May
Bernadette D. Joeman (presenter),
Phylesia Jill Rama (co-author)
20
Hari Belia Peringkat Negeri, Ranau.
Activities:
• Exhibition & Quiz on HoB
• Carnivor Kit
• Face painting
15-18 May
Arni-Natalia Arpa, Loraiti Lolin
& 4 interns
5 Jun
Mayliza Good, Fazidah Ismail
7 -10 Apr
21
ICT Seminar, Sabah Hotel, Sandakan
22
Program Penerapan Nilai-Nilai Murni 2014 – “Pekerja Berinovasi, Penggerak Transformasi,
Dewan Theater Kabili, Rainforest Discovery Centre (RDC), Sepilok.
23
Ramsar Expedition
24
Expert Conference on Development of Island Sustainable Society.
Title of presentation: Educating for a better environment: The RDC Experience in ESD
25
Ramsar International Symposium, Le Meridian Hotel, Kota Kinabalu
26
Seminar on OSH in Tourism Sector
22 Apr
Bernadette D Joeman
RDC Staff & interns
18 Jun
Arni-Natalia Arpa, Fazidah Ismail, Affendi
Suraip
22-27Jun
G. Hubert Petol, Arni-Natalia Arpa,
Jamirus Jumian
29 Jun – 1 Jul
Loraiti Lolin (presenter)
8 - 9 Sept
Bernadette D Joeman, Arni-Natalia Arpa
10 Sept
Bernadette D Joeman, Arni-Natalia Arpa,
Jamirus Jumian
27
Program Transformasi Minda (PTM), INSAN, Keningau.
12–17 Oct
Chin Tze Ting
28
Centennial Forestry Celebration, Padang Merdeka, Kota Kinabalu
9 -12 Nov
Bernadette D Joeman, G. Hubert Petol,
Loraiti Lolin, Jamirus Jumian
30
Young Leaders Training Program for Nature Conservation, Hokkaido, Japan.
10 -27 Nov
Arni-Natalia Arpa
32
Program Transformasi Minda (PTM) Siri 9/2014, Kampus Pembangunan Kepimpinan, INSAN,
Keningau
16 -21 Nov
Bernadette D Joeman, Suzana Sabran &
Andi Maryani A. Mustapeng
34
IUCN Red List Workshop on Indigenous Plants of Sabah, SAN Herbarium, Pusat Penyelidikan
Perhutanan, Sandakan
4–6 Feb
John B. Sugau, Dr. Joan Pereira, Suzana
Sabran, Andi Maryani A. Mustapeng,
Alviana Damit, Nur Adillah binti Mohd
Yusof
Annual Report 2014
446
No
Seminar/Course
Date
Participants
35
National Urban Horticulture Conference 2014, Berjaya Waterfront Hotel, Johor Bahru
15–17 Apr
Dr Joan Pereira, Alviana Damit
36
8th International Conference on Serpentine Ecology (ICSE), Magellan Sutera Harbour, Kota
Kinabalu
9–13 Jun
John B. Sugau, Dr. Joan Pereira, Suzana
Sabran, Alviana Damit & Postar J. Miun.
37
Latihan Praktikal Penyelenggaraan Tapak Semaian dan Landskap, Taman Pertanian Sabah,
Tenom, Sabah
24–26 Jun
Dr Joan Pereira, Suzana Sabran, Alviana
Damit & Pius Gubilil
38
An Introduction to Native Species of Begonia in Sabah, Pusat Penyelidikan Perhutanan, Sepilok,
Sandakan
24 Jul
John B. Sugau, Dr Joan Pereira, Suzana
Sabran, Alviana Damit, Nur Adillah M.
Yusof, Postar J. Miun, Markus Gumbilil &
Pius Gubilil
39
International Borneo Research Council Conference, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu
4–7 Aug
John B. Sugau
40
English Language Enhancement Programme, Eisteddfod Institute, Borneo Cove Hotel, Sandakan
Aug-Nov
Andi Maryani A Mustapeng, Suzana
Sabran & Alviana Damit
41
Seminar Kefahaman CITES (Akta 686), SFD Headquarters, Sandakan
42
4th International Sapotaceae Symposium, Royal Botanic Garden of Edinburgh, Scotland
2 Oct
Suzana Sabran
7–9 Oct
46
6th ITBC UMS Postgraduate Symposium, Grand Borneo Hotel, Kota Kinabalu
Dr Joan Pereira
47
Seminar Kebangsaan Biodiversiti Kelima (MyBioD) 2014, Hotel Istana Kuala Lumpur City Center,
Kuala Lumpur
5 Dec
48
Seminar The Silva Life System: Self-Empowerment for Maximizing Work Effectiveness &
Increased Competitive Advantage, Promenade Hotel, Kota Kinabalu
17–18 Dec
Andi Maryani A. Mustapeng
49
PALMEX 2014 Conferences & Exhibition at Four Points Hotel, Sandakan
21-23 May
Mr. James Josue
51
Program Transformasi Minda Siri 5/2014, Institut Latihan Sektor Awam Negeri (INSAN), Keningau.
10 -15 Aug
Affendi Suraip
54
Program Penilaian (Assessment Programme) Pengambilan Pegawai Tadbir N41, Hotel Perkasa,
Keningau
23-25 Nov
Affendi Suraip
55
Program Integriti Tahun 2014 “Integriti dan Etika Kerja Dalam Perkhidmatan Awam” Anjuran
Jabatan Perhutanan Sabah, Hotel Palace, Kota Kinabalu.
19 Dec
Affendi Suraip
56
Program Integriti Tahun 2014 “Integriti dan Etika Kerja Dalam Perkhidmatan Awam” Anjuran
Jabatan Perhutanan Sabah, Hotel Promenade, Tawau.
23 Dec
Biens Johnny Mansur
17–18 Nov
Alviana Damit
Dr Joan Pereira & Suzana Sabran
(L–R) James Josue at the PALMEX 2014 Exhibition Centre, Sandakan; Officers of Forest Products Group with the Director of Forest Department
Sarawak and the CEO of Sarawak Forestry Corporation at the 17th Malaysian Forestry Conference exhibition, Kota Kinabalu; and James Josue
presenting his working paper at the 17th Malaysian Forestry Conference; and Raymund Kimlaw attended the Latihan Pencegahan & Pengawalan
Kebakaran Hutan, IPS Telupid Course
Bernadette D. Joeman and Phylesia Jill Rama attended the Best of Both Worlds Conference on Environmental Education, Bertioga, Brazil –
(L-R) A field visit to a mangrove forest at Mamangua, Parati, Sao Paolo; Conference was held at SESC, Bertioga, Sao Paolo; Field visit to the Christ, The
Redeemer, Rio de Janeiro; and Guided hiking at Carminos do Mar, Sao Paolo.
447

- Sabah Forestry Department

Transcription

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