Künstliche Intelligenz

Artificial Intelligence
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Artificial Intelligence
 Ph. Husbands, O. Holland, M. Wheeler
(Eds.), The Mechanical Mind in History,
MIT Press, Cambridge 2008.
 Dartmouth Conference 1956
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AI
 Artificial = Machine
 Intelligence = Human Intelligence
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Which Machine?
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Intelligenz
Alfred Binet
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IQ Tests
 Hamburg-Wechsler-Intelligenztest
HAWIE-III
 Verbaltests (allgemeines Wissen,
Zahlennachsprechen, Wortschatztest,
Rechnerisches Denken, Allgemeines
Verständnis, Gemeinsamkeiten finden)
 Handlungstests (Bilderergänzen,
Bilderordnen, Mosaik-Test,
Matrizenaufgaben, Zahlen-Symbol-Test)
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Free test
 http://www.testedich.de/tests/iq-test.php3
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Bell Curve
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R. J. Herrnstein, Ch. Murray, The Bell Curve –
Intelligence and Class Structure in American Life,
The Free Press, New York, 1994.
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Correlations
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Biological determinism
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IQ by ethnicity
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Flynn Effect
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Controversy
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IQ of famous people
Sir Francis Galton Scientist & doctor England
Hugo Grotius
Writer
Holland
Thomas Wolsey
Politician
England
Kim Ung-Yong -Korea
William James Sidis –
USA
Emanuel Swedenborg -Sweden
Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz -Germany
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe -Germany
Leonardo da Vinci Universal
Genius
Italy
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210
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Multiple Intelligences
 H. Gardner, Frames of Mind: The Theory of
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Multiple Intelligences, Basic Books Inc, New
York, 1983.
- linguistische Intelligenz
- musikalische Intelligenz
- logische-mathematische Intelligenz
- Räumliche Intelligenz
- Körperliche-Kinestetische Intelligenz
- Interpersonal
- Intrapersonelle Intelligenz
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Gardner: Multiple Intelligences
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Animal Intelligence
 Insects
 Birds
 Mammals
 Primates
…
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Insects are robots
Flight reflexes of the fly
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Insects are robots II
Ant‘s Odometer
Stabilize optical flow, left and right
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Insects are robots III
The hearing sense is directly coupled to the legs
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Human reflexes
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sneezing
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Mirror Neurons
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Descartes Dualism
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Phineas Gage
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The neural basis of human moral
cognition
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Swarm Intelligence
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Computer Intelligence
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Testing machines: Turing Test
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Türken
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Robots with emotions
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Inverse Turing Test
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References
 S. Murdoch, IQ: A Smart History of a Failed Idea, John
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Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, 2007.
Stephen Jay Gould, Der falsch vermessene Mensch,
Suhrkamp, 1988.
Ph. Husbands, O. Holland, M. Wheeler (Eds.), The
Mechanical Mind in History, MIT Press, Cambridge
2008.
H. Gardner, Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple
Intelligences, Basic Books Inc, New York, 1983.
A. Damasio, Descartes Error: Emotion, Reason, and the
Human Brain, Penguin Books, 1994.
R. J. Herrnstein, Ch. Murray, The Bell Curve –
Intelligence and Class Structure in American Life, The
Free Press, New York, 1994.
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