Challenges for Research Improvements in Agriculture

Transcription

University of Belgrade
Faculty of Agriculture
EU Projects Collaborations:
Challenges for Research
Improvements in Agriculture
Programme and Abstracts
Belgrade, 2-4 June, 2014
International Conference
EU Project Collaborations:
Challenges for Research Improvements in Agriculture
2-4 June, 2014, Belgrade, Serbia
Organization Committee
Zorica Jovanović (president), Zora Dajić Stevanović, Vera Raičević, Aleksa Obradović, Viktor Nedović,
Dragana Božić, Jelena Jovičić Petrović, Jelena Miočinović, Saša Despotović, Marko Stanković, Bogdan
Mladenović
Scientific Committee
Radmila Stikić (president, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Serbia)
Predrag Puđa (Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Serbia)
Branka Krstić (Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Serbia)
Đurđina Ružić (Fruit Research Institute, Čačak,Serbia)
Željka Dukić (Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia,
Belgrade, Serbia)
Sven-Erik Jacobsen (University of Copenhagen, Taastrup, Denmark)
Finn Plauborg (Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark)
Nadia Bertin (INRA, Avignon, France)
Tiziana Mascia (University of Bari, Bari, Italy)
Jaap Janse (Dutch General Inspection Service, Emmeloord, The Netherlands)
Tijana Blanuša (University of Reading, Royal Horticultural Society, Reading, UK)
Marijana Todorčević (Nofima Marine, Ås, Norway)
______________________________________________________________________________________
Publisher
Editor
Technical editor
Graphic design
Printed by
Number of copies
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade,
Nemanjina 6, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
Radmila Stikić
Slavica Klarić
Ana Humljan
Kaktus Print, Belgrade
150
____________________________________________________________________________
CIP - Каталогизација у публикацији
Народна библиотека Србије, Београд
631(048)
INTERNATIONAL Conference EU Projects Collaborations: Challenges for Research Improvements in
Agriculture (2014 ; Belgrade); Programme and Abstracts / [International Conference] EU Projects
Collaborations: Challenges for Research Improvements in Agriculture, Belgrade, June 2-4, 2014; [editor
Radmila Stikić]. - 1. izd. - Belgrade : Faculty of Agriculture, 2014, (Belgrade : Kaktus print). - 111 str.:
ilustr. ; 25 cm
Tiraž 150. - Registar.
ISBN 978-86-7834-197-7
a) Пољопривреда - Апстракти
COBISS.SR-ID 207535372
Conference is supported by the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme
under grant agreement no 316004.
2
EU PROJECT COLLABORATIONS – CHALLENGE FOR RESEARCH
IMPROVEMENT IN AGRICULTURE
2-4 June, 2014, Belgrade, Serbia
PROGRAMME
Monday, 2
nd
June 2014
8.30-9.30
9.30-9.45
The arrival of participants and registration
Conference opening
Chairmans:
9.45-10.15
Prof. Radmila Stikić, Prof. Predrag Puđa, Prof. Tiziana Mascia
Serbian participation in EU programmes
Željka Dukić, Ministry of Education, Science and Technological
Development of the Republic of Serbia
10.20-10.50
How to deal with Horizon 2020
Finn Plauborg, Aarhus University, Denmark
10.55-11.25
EUFIC and EU-funded research: learning from involvement
Milka Sokolović, European Food Information Council, Belgium
11.30-12.00
Coffee break
12.00-12.30
Unresolved issues in Europe relating to food integrity
Elena Maestri, Nelson Marmiroli, University of Parma, Italy
12.35-13.05
Working with industry and SMEs: a horticulture perspective
Paul Hadley, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of
Reading, UK
13.10-14.10
Lunch
Chairmans:
14.10-14.40
Dr. Finn Plauborg, Dr. Kostas Chartzoulakis, Prof. Vera Raičević
FP7–SEE-ERA.NET-SEELEGUMES: achievements and challenges
Branko Ćupina, Faculty of Agriculture, Novi Sad, Serbia
14.45-15.15
Management experience of SEE-ERA.NET PLUS project "HRV & MNE
ENDANGERED GRAPES (ERA-091)"
Ivan Pejić, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagreb, Croatia
15.20-15.50
Coffee break
15.50-16.20
Benefit of bilateral project between Serbia and France to improve the
expertise in histological analysis of tomato pericarp exposed to
different irrigation techniques
1
2
2
2
Nadia Bertin , Ilinka Pećinar , Dragana Rančić , Sofija Pekić Quarrie ,
2
2
3
Slaviša Đorđević , Radenko Radošević , Catherine Cheniclet , Radmila
2 1
2
3
Stikić , INRA, France; Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade, Serbia; University
of Bordeaux, France
3
16.25-16.55
International collaborative research on legumes
Vuk Đorđević, Aleksandar Mikić, Jegor Miladinović, Svetlana BaleševićTubić, Dragana Miladinović, Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi
Sad,Serbia
17.00-17.30
Development and networking initiatives: declarations vs forward looks
Peter Raspor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Izola, Slovenia
rd
Tuesday, 3 June 2014
Chairmans:
9.00-9.30
Prof. Elena Maestri, Prof. Paul Hadley, Prof. Zora Dajić Stevanović
European research projects in the area of food: experience and
perspective
Jovanka Lević, Nebojša Ilić, Institute of Food Technology, Novi Sad, Serbia
9.35-10.05
Parasitic zoonoses: a challenge to food safety, a challenge for research
Olgica Đurković-Đaković, Institute for Medical Research, Belgrade, Serbia
10.10-10.40
Building up cooperation to afford new challenges in plant protection:
the Resistvir experience
Donato Gallitelli, Tiziana Mascia, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro,
Italy
10.45 -11.15
Coffee break
11.15-11.45
International cooperation in the field of bacterial diseases of plants –
some examples from the Netherlands
Jaap Janse, Dutch General Inspection Service, The Netherlands
11.50-12.20
Sustainable water management in agriculture under climate change
Kostas Chartzoulakis, Institute for Olives and Subtropical Plants, Chania,
Greece
12.25 -12.55
Time for EU projects
Sven-Erik Jacobsen, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
13.00-14.00
Lunch
Chairmans:
14.00-14.30
Prof. Sven-Erik Jacobsen, Prof. Ivan Pejić, Prof. Sava Vrbničanin
FP7 funded research-from start to result: a food safety perspective of
FP7 projects Veg-i-Trade and Aquavalens and future Horizon 2020
initiative
Andreja Rajković, Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade, Serbia
14.35-15.05
Improvement of common carp production in Serbia through EU founded
cooperation
1
1
2
2
Marijana Todorčević , Stanko Škugor , Božidar Rašković , Milan Spasić ,
2
1
1
1
Marko Stanković , Mette Sørensen , Kari Kolstad , Arne Kittelsen , Galina
3
3
1
1
1
Jeney , Zsigmond Jeney , Zorka Dulić , Vesna Poleksić , Zoran Marković ,
1
2
3
Nofima, Norway; Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade, Serbia; Research
Institute for Fisheries, Aquaculture and Irrigation, Szarvas, Hungary
15.10-15.20
Experiences in FEDD for HEALTH COST action
Đuro Vukmirović, Jovanka Lević, Dušica Čolović, Bojana Kokić, Radmilo
Čolović, Institute of Food Technology, Novi Sad, Serbia
4
15.25-15.35
Some experiences of the Fruit Research Institute associates during FP7
project participation
1
1
2
1
Đurđina Ružić , Tatjana Vujović , Radosav Cerović , Aleksandar Leposavić ,
1
1 1
Žaklina Karaklajić-Stajić , Olga Mitrović , Fruit Research Institute, Čačak,
2
Serbia; Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Belgrade, Serbia
15.40-16.10
Coffee break
16.10-16.20
Bilateral cooperation between the Republic of Serbia and the Slovak
Republic
Bojana Kokić, Jovanka Lević, Ljiljana Kostadinović, Vojislav Banjac, Ana
Varga, Institute of Food Technology, Novi Sad, Serbia
16.25-16.35
Texture analysis as a tool for determination of dairy products quality
1
1
1
Jelena Miočinović , Aleksandar Nedeljković , Zorica Radulović , Mira
1
1
2 1
Radovanović , Predrag Puđa , Koen Dewwetnick , Faculty of Agriculture,
2
Belgrade, Serbia; Gent University, Belgium
16.40-16.50
Contamination of plants by human pathogen bacteria: methods for
detection and identification
1
2
2
Igor Kljujev , Vera Raičević, Michael Schmid , Michael Rothballer , Anton
2 1
2
Hartmann , Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade, Serbia; Helmholtz Zentrum
München, Germany
16.55-17.05
Trends and perspectives in the clonal selection of Oblačinska
sour cherry
Dragan Nikolić, Milica Fotirić-Akšić, Vera Rakonjac, Dragan Milatović,
Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade, Serbia
17.10-18.30
Poster session
20.30
Conference Gala Dinner
th
Wednesday, 4 June 2014
Chairmans:
9.00-9.30
Dr. Jaap Janse, Prof. Biljana Vucelić Radović, Prof. Branka Krstić
Vegetation databases and research in NW Balkans
1
2
2
2 1
Urban Šilc , Milica Petrović , Svetlana Aćić , Zora Dajić Stevanović , Institute
2
of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade, Serbia
9.35-10.05
Strengthening support for innovation and fostering the technology
transfer in the food sector – outputs from CAPINFOOD and TRAFOON
projects
1
2
3
1
Viktor Nedović , Andras Sebők , Susanne Braun , Tanja Petrović , Steva
1
1
1 1
Lević , Mirjana Pešić , Mirjana Mihajlović , Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade,
2
3
Serbia; Campden BRI Hungary Ltd. Hungary; University of Hohenheim,
Germany
10.10-10.40
Technology Brokerage Network (STBN) as an important tool for
strengthening the connection between science institutions and
enterprises
1
1
1
2 1
Jelena Miočinović , Igor Tomašević , Miloš Pajić , Vesna Mandić , Faculty of
2
Agriculture, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Engineering, Kragujevac, Serbia
10.45-11.15
Coffee break
5
11.15-11.25
Advances in study of bioactivities of Agaricus brasiliensis
polysaccharides
1
1
1
2
Maja Kozarski , Anita Klaus , Jovana Vunduk , Dragica Jakovljević , Nina
2
1
1
2,3
Todorović , Vladimir Pavlović , Miomir Nikšić , Miroslav Vrvić , Leo J.L.D
4 1
2
van Griensven , Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade, Serbia; Institute of
3
Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of
4
Chemistry, Belgrade, Serbia; Wageningen University and Research, The
Netherlands
11.30 -11.40
Monitoring weed resistance and crop tolerance in Serbia
1
1
2
Dragana Božić , Sava Vrbničanin , Danijela Pavlović , Darko
1 1
2
Stojićević , Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade, Serbia; Institute for Plant
Protection and Environment, Belgrade, Serbia
11.45-11.55
Research of genetic variability of medicinal and aromatic plants
from Southeast European perspective
2
1
1
1
Zlatko Šatović , Zora Dajić Stevanović , Ivan Šoštarić , Svetlana Aćić , Milica
1
1 1
Petrović , Marina Mačukanović-Jocić , Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade,
2
Serbia; Faculty of Agriculture, Zagreb, Croatia
12.00-12.10
The methodology for innovation management in university environment
Vesna Mandić, Jelena Jevtović, Faculty of Engineering, Kragujevac, Serbia
12.15-12.25
Identification and characterization of Agrobacterium spp. isolated
from apricot and grapevine in Serbia
1
1
1
1
Nemanja Kuzmanović , Anđelka Prokić , Milan Ivanović , Nevena Blagojević ,
2
3
4
4
Katarina Gašić , Joanna Puławska , Enrico Biondi , Assunta Bertaccini ,
1 1
2
Aleksa Obradović , Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade, Serbia; Institute for
3
Plant Protection and Environment, Belgrade, Serbia; Research Institute of
4
Horticulture, Skierniewice, Poland; University of Bologna, Italy
12.30-13.00
General discussion and closing statement
13.00-14.00
Steering Committee Meeting
6
Plenary lectures
Plenary lectures
SERBIAN PARTICIPATION IN EU PROGRAMMES
Dukić Željka, BIO NCP
Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the
Republic of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
e-mail: [email protected]
The past few years have been marked as a period of intense activity and change in the
Western Balkan countries (WBC) in the areas of education and research, as a result of the
implementation of different EU and national programs. Governments of Serbia recognized
its integration to the European Research Area as a national priority. As the reforms of the
national research systems are the heart of the ERA, Serbia is taking steps towards more
effective national research system. In that sense, negotiations on Chapter 25 of the EU
Acquis Communautaire on Science and Research will start in September 2014.
Serbian research system is governed by the Ministry of Education, Science and
Technological Development which has overall responsibility for education and research
including financing of national programs. The highest advisory body in scientific area is
National Research Council. National Strategy on Research and accompanying documents
are in line with the guidelines and priorities of the EU in this field. In order to improve
national research system, it is planned to define Strategy on Research and Innovation
(2015–2020) which will include Research Infrastructure Roadmap. Sets of Laws regulating
Intellectual property area are in the procedure of adoption by the Government (some have
been already adopted). The Ministry is the only funding body at the national level. It finances
3 national programs (Basic research, Technological development and Interdisciplinary
programme)
The most powerful instrument supporting transnational cooperation is Framework Program.
Serbia is associated country in FP7 since the beginning. Researchers from Serbia have
achieved significant results in calls for proposals which have been published since 2007.
According to statistics from December 2013, Serbian researchers participate in 317 projects
of the Seventh Framework Programme. Achieved success rate of 15.21% is lower than the
EU average. According to statistics from E-CORDA the funds stipulated on the basis of the
total number of successful applications in the FP7 are around € 53 million.
Serbia is interested in taking part in Horizon 2020 and is in the process of negotiating the
text of the International Agreement with the European Union. Serbian research community is
present in various international programmes such as: COST, EUREKA, NATO-SPS,
bilateral programmes, etc.
At the moment, Serbia participates in over 168 COST actions of 9 Domain plus Trans
Domain, which cover a variety of professional and scientific fields. Estimates based on the
number of participants in the working groups of COST in individual project/actions, currently
features more than 400 experienced and young researchers.
Within the framework of the Eureka programme in 2013, the implementation of project
activities in 16 Eureka projects is being continued, of which 14 were financed from the
budget of the Republic of Serbia, on the basis of contractual obligations. So far Serbian
researchers have participated in 77 Eureka projects involving 152 organizations.
Our country has signed bilateral agreements for scientific cooperation with almost all WB
countries and other EU countries. Serbian researchers are involved in 228 bilateral projects
with 10 countries.
Keywords: FP7, COST, EUREKA, bilateral cooperation
9
Plenary lectures
HOW TO DEAL WITH HORIZON 2020
Plauborg Finn
Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
Horizon 2020 is at present the most important EC programme for research collaboration
among European countries and it contains several instruments varying from market oriented
SME funding programmes to support basic innovative research, funding of strategic
research, innovation and development projects to cope with European challenges and
economical support to enhance international education and young scientist exchange
programmes. Most important, not only EC member countries, but also associated countries
can apply. Serbia belongs here, and is in an even more favoured position as it is recognised
as a Candidate Country heading for its EC membership in the coming years. When
becoming a member even more opportunities for international research and development
will show, such as participation in ERA-NET, JPI, LIFE and ETP. Several important
European challenges, which relate to the agricultural sector, are addressed in the Horizon
2020, e.g. challenge 2: “Food security, sustainable agriculture and forestry, marine and
maritime research and the bio-economy” and challenge 5: “Climate action, resource
efficiency and raw materials”.
To achieve participation in EC funded research projects may be difficult, especially if it is
new to and the first time for a given organisation. Hence, to a start it is imperative to
establish contact to national contact points and as well search for information at Participant
Portal http://ec.europa.eu/research/participants/portal/desktop/en/home.html
Here it is possible to get fast access to the latest news on upcoming new work programmes
and calls. Next, when contact to a possible new consortium is established and a new
proposal is discussed, it is important to evaluate if the suggested coordinator is experienced
and scientifically strong. Further, that the project partnership has had experience with former
European projects (e.g. FP7, FP6), and partners show that they are fully committed to the
project and will deliver. An indicator for a strong consortium is if partners have provided input
to the European Commission for the work programmes or other strategic papers. Now, if the
new project proposal is based on an excellent idea, central to the call text and the
consortium is strong and competitive, then the formulation of the proposal normally runs
quite smoothly, main objectives and work packages are easily identified, and deliverable and
milestones included. However, to increase the chance of winning, especially a close study
needs to be taken on the EC evaluation procedures as here important criteria, expected
outcomes and impacts of projects are listed. Getting success and winning a proposal puts
everyone in a short hectic period, the project negotiation phase, where adjustment of the
project will take place and details related to the budgets need to be clarified. When done, the
real excitements start – working together in an international scientific network and it may as
well show to be an excellent long term investment as the collaboration may inspire and
create new research ideas, and hence generate further opportunities for funding.
Keywords: Horizon 2020, research collaboration, market oriented programmes
10
Plenary lectures
EUFIC AND EU-FUNDED RESEARCH:
LEARNING FROM INVOLVEMENT
Sokolović Milka
European Food Information Council, Brussels, Belgium
European Food Information Council (EUFIC) is a not-for-profit organization that
communicates science-based information on nutrition and health and food safety and quality
to health and nutrition professionals, educators, and journalists in a way that promotes
consumer understanding. Thus, EUFIC inherently plays a role in establishing dialogue
between industry, academia and civil society on topics concerning food research. Since
2004, in addition to its own research activities regarding consumer insights, EUFIC has
participated in eighteen EU funded projects in areas of nutrition and health, food safety and
risk communication, and consumer insights (e.g. HELENA, EURRECA, FLABEL, EATWELL,
FoodRisC, Food4Me and CLYMBOL). In those projects, EUFIC’s role is primarily to lead the
communication and dissemination activities and to partner in research activities. In two
projects, one of which still ongoing, EUFIC has also taken up the coordination role (FLABEL
and CLYMBOL). Benefits of involvement in EU projects for an organisation like EUFIC
include broadened networks and outreach, the possibility of testing new communication
tools and instruments, and prospect for staff growth. As EUFIC continues to grow, demand
for its expertise and collaboration in EU-funded projects increases in recognition of the
added value provided by effective communication to the lay public. In the future, EUFIC
hopes to be granted further opportunities to be involved in new and exciting projects funded
under Horizon 2020.
Keywords: EUFIC, EU-funded project, communication, dissemination, Horizon 2020
11
Plenary lectures
UNRESOLVED ISSUES IN EUROPE
RELATING TO FOOD INTEGRITY
Maestri Elena, Marmiroli Nelson
Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
The European Union has funded research about food supply chains in the recent years,
focusing on several different aspects. Since the Fifth Framework Programme (2000) the
funding has addressed research projects on the issues of food traceability and the
application of analytical methodologies. The concept of food traceability was introduced in
the Article 18 of Regulation (EC) 178/2002, so called the General Food Law. “Traceability”
means the ability to trace and follow a food, feed, food-producing animal or substance
through all stages of production and distribution. With the progress of research, food
integrity has become the new focus, as was illustrated in 2011 in the European Commission
Conference "What's for Lunch?". The results of over 10 years of research demonstrate how
many aspects of food safety and quality are covered by the concept of food integrity. This
has brought to the Seventh Framework Programme, in which a 12 million Euro project called
FOODINTEGRITY has been funded.
The presentation will discuss the still unresolved issues in research for food integrity, as they
are presented in the new Horizon2020 programme.
Keywords: analytical techniques, food quality, food safety, food traceability
12
Plenary lectures
WORKING WITH INDUSTRY AND SMEs:
A HORTICULTURE PERSPECTIVE
Hadley Paul
Centre for Horticulture, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development,
University of Reading, UK
Horticulture is characterised by the intensive nature of the production systems that are
employed; modern approaches used both under field-based and protected crop production
are becoming increasingly sophisticated. For industry to remain competitive, it must keep
pace with scientific and technological change either by investing in its own research and
development, or by collaborating with research scientists with specific expertise.
Unless the company is large, it is unlikely to have the resources to invest in its own R&D, so
collaboration with scientists in other institutions is a logical path to follow. Many companies
consider that they do not need to invest in research. However, unless they have a particular
niche which gives them an advantage, they need research input to remain innovative.
Equally, many research scientists consider that working with industry has a lower priority
than pure science research. However, particularly for those working in applied research
areas such as horticulture, industry links can be vital to ensure that research is relevant and
in touch with industry needs.
Collaboration with industry can take many forms. One very common route is through wholly
or part industry-funded PhD projects. In the case of fully funded PhD projects, the company
may own all the intellectual property (IP) emerging from the research. However, where funds
also come from government or university schemes, the academic institution may own the IP
and an agreement is usually made at the outset on how the company will exploit the
research findings.
The research scientist may be asked to carry out research directly with the company on a
customer/contractor basis. This may involve consultancy arrangements with the company or
specific contracts in which the scientist agrees to carry out a particular research project.
Such research does not necessarily need to be constrained by secrecy, or limitations on
publication as the company itself may see advantage in being seen to be funding research
as it reflects well on how they may be perceived in the market. Industry is often criticised as
having a short-term view of research – which can be true, but in many cases industry takes
a much longer strategic view of research.
Research can also take the form of a partnership with a group of SMEs collaborating with
one or more scientists at a number of institutions. This partnership may be fully funded by
the collaborating companies but may also be partially funded through government schemes
aimed to encourage industry to engage in research. In such cases, companies may
contribute directly with cash or indirectly via in-kind contributions (e.g. through staff time, use
of facilities, land etc.). This type of project can be small, large or even international where
research is carried out on a European level.
Industrial collaboration in research can have significant advantages in enabling scientists to
carry out relevant research and can also inform and enhance basic research. Such research
should be considered to be an opportunity, and an integral part of a research portfolio.
Keywords: innovation, research, partnership, SMEs
13
Plenary lectures
FP7–SEE-ERA.NET-SEELEGUMES:
ACHIEVEMENTS AND CHALANGES
Ćupina Branko
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
The very basis of the SEELEGUMES project lays in the fact that the wild and agricultural
floras of the West Balkan Countries (WBC) and other South East Europe (SEE) regions are,
on one hand, extremely abundant and divergent in legume species, while, on the other
hand, they are seriously endangered and are on a way of complete disappearance. This
forms the first part of the SEELEGUMES project, aiming at the preservation of the
indigenous legume floras in WBC and SEE and their sustainable conservation, with a
particular reference to the economically important species such as pea (Pisum sativum L.),
faba bean (Vicia faba L.), lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.), chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), grass
pea (Lathyrus sativus L.), common beans (Phaseolus spp.), lupins (Lupinus spp.) and
vetches (Vicia spp.). Another and equally significant dimension of the project, is its desire to
maintain the traditional food, feed and non-food products of these legume crops, being a
indispensible segment of the everyday life of WBC and SEE local rural communities and
their genuine ways of life. The basic activities of the project are being carried out within two
Working Packages (WP), WP1 Gathering SEE Legumes and WP2 Describing SEE
Legumes. WP1 aims mostly at organising expeditions, collecting herbarium specimens and
seed samples, various in situ research, gathering information from local farmer communities
on cultivation practices and uses and building up appropriate databases. WP2 heavily relies
upon the outcomes of WP1 and comprises the establishment of the joint passport database
of the collected herbarium and seed material, conventional and molecular approaches in
their characterisation and a detailed and multilevel evaluation of yield, quality and stress
response in collected material, mostly in the form of a network of field trials in contrasting
environments and with emphasis on assessing agronomic potential for forage, grain,
biomass and green manure production, improved protein or oil content, decreased content
of anti-nutritional factors and enhanced tolerance to low temperatures, drought, salinity,
acidity, pests, diseases and parasitic plants.
Keywords: annual legumes, agricultural flora, West Balkan Countries
14
Plenary lectures
MANAGEMENT EXPERIENCE OF SEE-ERA.NET PLUS PROJECT
"HRV & MNE ENDANGERED GRAPES (ERA-091)"
Pejić Ivan
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
The viticulture has a very long (lasting) tradition and plays a significant role in agricultural
sector of Croatia and Montenegro which are countries that base their development on strong
tourism. The strategy of tourism improvement relies on authenticity and unique natural
resources. Consequently, local autochthonous crops and their products might be an
essential contributing factor. Among them, wine produced from local grape varieties has the
highest recognition and potential. The region hosts numerous indigenous (autochthonous)
varieties which will irreversibly disappear in the near future due to several reasons. Some
local varieties are either almost forgotten (reliable determination not possible, so called “no
name” material) or they are due to the lack of high performing virus-free propagation
material out of scope of commercial nurseries and producers. To overcome this, it is
necessary to ensure an effective cultivar preservation system linked to practical viticulture
and nursery production. This is a very complex task, which requires interdisciplinary
approach and expensive facilities. This can be very demanding for small developing
countries passing transition such as Croatia or Montenegro. However, the importance of
grapevine genetic resources for the national heritage of these countries and future breeding
activities goes beyond national borders and hence, should be handled through international
and interdisciplinary research. The aim of formed consortium was to gather and evaluate
neglected indigenous grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) genotypes in order to prevent their
disappearance and help their sustainability through establishment of true-to-type and virusfree stock material “ready to use” for national and international nurseries.
In this paper the formation of consortium made by the University of Zagreb, Faculty of
Agriculture (Croatia), BOKU – University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences
Vienna (Austria), Hochschule Geisenheim University (Germany) and the University of
Montenegro, Biotechnical Faculty (Montenegro) will be presented, as well as the
management of the project entitled “Preservation and establishment of true-to-type and
virus-free material of endangered grapevine cultivars in Croatia and Montenegro – acronym:
HRV & MNE ENDANGERED GRAPES (ERA-091) 2010-2012". Main procedures of project
application, contracting, management and research organization will be explained in details
with the focus on organization of research, staff training, working meetings, financial issues
and preparation of technical and financial reports. Special attention will be given to
experience with unexpected problems and ways of their overcoming.
Keywords: SEE-ERA.NET PLUS, grapevine, genetic resources, revitalization
15
Plenary lectures
BENEFIT OF BILATERAL PROJECT BETWEEN SERBIA AND FRANCE TO
IMPROVE THE EXPERTISE IN HISTOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF TOMATO
PERICARP EXPOSED TO DIFFERENT IRRIGATION TECHIQUES
Bertin Nadia1, Pećinar Ilinka2, Rančić Dragana2, Pekić Quarrie Sofija2, Đorđević
Slaviša2, Radošević Radenko2, Cheniclet Catherine3, Stikić Radmila2
1
INRA, Plantes et systèmes de culture horticoles, Avignon, France
2
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
3
Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, University of Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
Histological and cytological properties of tissues in fleshy fruits largely impact the overall
quality traits, such as size and composition. Previous qualitative and quantitative studies of
histological and cytological fruit properties have been mainly performed in separate
approaches, as they request different techniques (McAtee et al., 2009). Approach which
combines different methods to assess both quantitative and qualitative histological and
cytological traits has been rarely performed on fleshy fruit. The bilateral project between
Serbia and France (2012-2013, Pavle Savić) aimed to bring together several teams with
complementary expertise and technical means for evaluating the effects of contrasted
irrigation practises on tomato fruit, with the emphasis on its anatomical and cytological
background. French partners from INRA (National Institute of Agronomic Research) in
Bordeaux and Avignon, world recognized experts in the cytological and histological aspects
of tomato fruit growth regulation, provided a technical platform of cytology and image
analysis as well as the expertise and skills for the histological and cytological study. The
French partners mainly focus on the interactions between genetic and environmental
factors, the study of early development and the build-up of quality traits for tomato fruits. At
the Faculty of Agriculture, research focuses on the effects of different irrigation treatments
on cultivated plants, especially tomato. This collaboration allowed an original investigation of
the effects of water deficit on the histological and cytological properties during tomato fruit
development. During the project, Serbian young researchers spent more than 10 weeks in
INRA France and had the chance to improve their skills and knowledge thanks to the
expertise and experience of dr. Bertin in cytological analysis of tomato fruit pericarp, while
detailed cytological analysis of cell size and shape was supervised by dr. Cheniclet. This
project was useful for scientific teams of both sides. This collaboration resulted in a better
understanding of the effects of different irrigation treatments on the processes of division
and differentiation in fruit pericarp during ageing. It also permitted researchers to compare
different quantitative and qualitative cytological techniques. The project resulted in joint
publications and it will be followed by further scientific collaboration among partners. This
bilateral project was beneficial especially to the Serbian PhD students, who broadened their
international experience and developed their expertises especially in the field of cytological
and image analysis. The scientific benefits of the project are reflected in the fact that
obtained results will represent a significant part of a PhD thesis in progress and they will
also be implementated in a national project. On a longer term basis, the joint research will
benefit tomato growers and breeders and help them to adjust their practices and improve
tomato yield under sustainable irrigation conditions.
Keywords: histology, cytology, image analysis, water deficit, tomato growth, bilateral project
16
Plenary lectures
INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH ON LEGUMES
Đorđević Vuk, Mikić Aleksandar, Miladinović Jegor, Balešević-Tubić Svetlana,
Miladinović Dragana
Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Serbia
Legumes (Fabaceae Lindl., syn. Leguminosae Juss.) are one of the largest plant families in
the world, comprising annuals and perennials, species of temperate and tropical regions,
many of which are economically important. Intensive research on various aspects of
legumes is reflected in a number of international collaborative projects. Legume research
group in the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops is fragmented in several departments,
and due to requirements of high-quality research in international projects, the first step was
research integration on legume research and experience exchange in common-based
topics. Several bilateral projects were the next step in connection with the international
research community, and increasing the visibility of our research. Several EU projects are
completed or still being implemented at the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops. Grain
Legume Technology Transfer Platform was one of the first international project where
legume group was involved. SEE-ERA project “Sustainable preservation of indigenous
South Eastern European legumes” and their traditional food and feed products, was realized
in cooperation of 14 European research intuitions. The strategic goal of this project was an
efficient, functional and sustainable network of the genetic resources of annual legume
species in the countries of Southeastern Europe and to enable it to fit into the similar
existing in the EU and other international networks. During this project, several accessions
of legume wild relatives were collected and used in different breeding programs. The goal of
EU funded project “Legume Futures” is to develop the use of legumes in cropping
systems to improve the economic and environmental performance of European agriculture.
Developing new cropping system designs that optimise the contribution of legumes within
different farming systems was the main result of this cooperation. A running EU project
”Legumes for the Agriculture of Tomorrow” has 29 partners from eleven countries and the
aim is to contribute to the increased sustainable reintroduction of grain legumes in European
cropping systems.
Also, important activities of legume research group in the Institute of Field and Vegetable
Crops is an active role in European legume research networking. International Legume
Society is the organization bringing together relevant legumes researchers from different
parts of the world. The goal of this society is scientific networking and influence on a
decision maker to promote legume research. Detail information can be found in The Legume
Manifesto (Field Veg. Crop Res. 48 (2011) 253-258).
Keywords: legumes, cropping system, genetic recourses, networking
17
Plenary lectures
DEVELOPMENT AND NETWORKING INITIATIVES:
DECLARATIONS VS FORWARD LOOKS
Raspor Peter
Institute for Food,
Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Health Sciences,
University of Primorska, Izola, Slovenia
Declaration is a strategic document which gained on its legitimacy in the last century in
society and in profession. Although the document is not legally binding act, many experts
coming from field of microbiology, food technology and nutrition opted for a public
declaration or proclamation of important questions arising from the field of microbiology and
food technology and nutrition. The result of this is the Declaration of Microbiology, which
was for the first time presented to the public in 2003 at the first Congress of European
Microbiologists, in Ljubljana and the Declaration on Food, Nutrition and Technology
(EFTND), which was for the first time presented to the public in 2008 at the first European
Congress on Food, Technology, and Nutrition, also in Ljubljana. Both declarations present
their views and professional orientations for further action in non-binding way considering
the impact on local, national and global level. Content of the declarations stems from basic
human rights linked to the area of expertise and to the field of communication and
knowledge transfer between experts and between scientific fields. In the last decade forward
looks were performed in close collaboration with the EC services involved and the SCAR
working group. We review and analyze foresight information relating to European agriculture
in relation to 8 major driving forces.On the other hand, we also built scenarios on how the
future may develop, based on a coherent and internally consistent set of assumptions about
key driving forces and relationships in COST/ESF umbrella. In this respect SCAR scenario
from 2007 and COST/ESF scenario from 2009 in comparison to current state of the art will
be addressed.
Keywords: declaration, food, microbiology, nutrition, technology, forward looks, scenarios
18
Plenary lectures
EUROPEAN RESEARCH PROJECTS IN THE AREA OF FOOD:
EXPERIENCE AND PERSPECTIVE
Lević Jovanka, Ilić Nebojša
Institute of Food Technology, Novi Sad, Serbia
As one of the leading institutions in the area of food and feed technology in southeast
Europe, our Institute has taken part in numerous European research projects funded by
different programs of European Commission. Our participation in these programs started
with FP7 Program, more precisely its Capacity program where we successfully submitted
and earned a project named Feed to Food and which was coordinated by our researchers.
Project’s consortium included several European institutions which gave their contribution to
the project and enabled us to learn how to network and widen our cooperation with
European researchers. Being capacity building project, it enabled us to acquire new
equipment, to establish a modern research pilot facility and to employ several young
researchers who enriched a human capacity of our Institute. Experience in this first
European project inspired and encouraged us to apply for projects in other European
programs in the area of food and feed technologies in order to meet other European
scientists working on similar research topics. All these activities resulted in several new FP7
research projects with consortiums from eminent European research institutions. In these
projects we also brought several SMEs, our industrial partners, which was beneficial for the
projects and for all sides involved. Also, we were engaged in several networking type
projects where we widened our research network and at the same time we have increased
our visibility as research institute at European level. Our ambitions grew and we have
prepared more proposals and obtained more projects in other European programs like IPA
program for example. Participation in all these projects enabled us to meet and work with
other European researchers, to widen our professional network, to increase our research
capacity by acquiring a new equipment, to increase our research funding, to hire more
researchers and in general to improve conditions for performing our research. Overall
positive experience had some minor negative issues like too much paperwork in project
management, too many rules and similar issues. It appears that new European research
program Horizon 2020 will solve these issues and make it even easier for researchers to
participate in this program. In conclusion, we can say from our experience that these
European programs and projects are very beneficial for researchers, especially in the
countries where research funding is at a lower rate.
Keywords: food, research, European projects
19
Plenary lectures
PARASITIC ZOONOSES: A CHALLENGE TO FOOD SAFETY,
A CHALLENGE FOR RESEARCH
Đurković-Đaković Olgica
Center for Parasitic Zoonoses, Institute for Medical Research,
University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
The challenges to food safety, major challenges in today’s world, are food-borne diseases.
Caused by consuming food or drinking water contaminated by pathogenic microorganisms,
food-borne zoonoses (FBZ) are a significant and widespread global public health threat.
Whereas the global burden of FBZ is unknown, a large proportion of the 1.8 million deaths
from diarrhoeal disease in 2005 has been attributed to food and water. In the EU, over
320,000 human cases of FBZ are reported each year, of which over 2,500 are parasitic in
origin; these figures are, however, gross underestimates, as parasitic food-borne outbreaks
are often not recognized or not identified. Moreover, with an increased demand for animal
origin proteins, parasitic FBZ are even gaining in significance, in parallel with the success in
efforts to control the major bacterial food-borne zoonoses. The risk of contracting parasitic
infection via food is presumed to be low in the developed world; still, most food-borne
parasites have a world-wide distribution. Importantly, while ”old“ parasites such as
Echinococcus or Taenia spp. are still present, with E. multilocularis on the rise even in
Europe, the significance of others, such as Cryptosporidium spp., has been recognized in
the recent decades, and of others, such as fish parasites including Opistorchis and Anisakis,
is emerging. However, even infections once considered rather innocuous, such as
toxoplasmosis, are emerging in significance, as its disease burden recently estimated at
∼620 DALYs per year (in the Netherlands), is similar to that of the major foodborne
pathogen, Salmonella species (670 DALYs per year). In the Western Balkan region, the list
is traditionally headed by trichinellosis as a permanently endemic disease, for which
effective control efforts are in place, but this does not apply to other parasitic zoonoses.
However, the risks of contamination with parasites are present from farm to fork and require
prevention and control throughout the food chain. To protect consumers from FBZ, the EU
has adopted an integrated farm-to-fork approach to food safety, which consists of risk
assessment and management measures involving the global major stakeholders, including
organizations such as the WHO, FAO, EFSA, ECDC, as well as industrial leaders. In
addition, the EC is funding research efforts in this area, such as a recently ended COST
action, CAPARA (FA), dedicated to goat parasites in general, triggered by the sharp
increase in the goat industry, and a new TD one, CYSTINET, dedicated to Taenia spp.
infections and the persisting disease entity of neurcysticercosis. The Western Balkans,
including Serbia, have been and still are involved. Previously, the EC had funded a project
to strengthen the capacity of a Centre for Parasitic Zoonoses in Serbia. The Centre
(nominated as a local Centre of Excellence), is currently participating in another joint
European research effort, funded by EFSA, to evaluate the risk for toxoplasmosis from
major meat sources. So the groundwork has been laid. It is now time to promote this aspect
of food safety in the region, best done through cooperation at all levels, including local,
regional and international.
Keywords: food safety, foodborne diseases, parasitic zoonoses
20
Plenary lectures
BUILDING UP COOPERATION TO AFFORD NEW CHALLENGES
IN PLANT PROTECTION: THE RESISTVIR EXPERIENCE
Gallitelli Donato, Mascia Tiziana
Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo della Pianta e degli Alimenti,
Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
e-mail; [email protected]
Plant pathogens and pests as a major threat to plant productivity can directly and indirectly
diminish the quality and the nutritional value of crops and can affect the composition and
dynamics of natural ecosystems. From an EU perspective, EU geographic, environmental
and meteorological diversity, which leads to diversity in agricultural practices and crops,
should be also taken into account. Additionally, legislative constraints on farming, in the form
of lower insecticide thresholds implemented by the "pesticide package", demand modern EU
agriculture to ensure sustainability and competitiveness while reducing pesticide inputs.
Multiple strategies and solutions must therefore be used to optimize the simultaneous
management of a range of pests and pathogens, many of which are emerging or reemerging. Interestingly, most documented emerging diseases of humans, animals and
plants, are viral diseases. The emergence of a new disease may result from the complex
interaction of a variety of factors, which include genetic changes in the pathogen and/or
hosts and vector and changes in the size, density and structure of host, vector and virus
populations. The analysis of these factors requires the coordinated action of team of
scientists with expertise in widely different fields and in new experimental tools made
available by the new technologies. The experience of a multidisciplinary consortium
involving 48 research organisations to carry out the Resistvir project (www.resistvir-db.org)
are reported with a focus on the opportunities offered by Horizon 2020.
Keywords: co-ordination of research, plant protection, emerging plant pathogenic viruses,
emerging technologies
21
Plenary lectures
INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IN THE FIELD OF BACTERIAL
DISEASES OF PLANTS – SOME EXAMPLES
FROM THE NETHERLANDS
Janse Jaap
Department Laboratory Methods and Diagnostics,
Dutch General Inspection Service (NAK),
Emmeloord, The Netherlands
In this presentation several examples of international cooperation in the field of
phytobacteriology and phytopathology (diagnostics, epidemiology, control, harmonization
and approximation to EU standards and legislation) over the past 15 years will be provided.
The first project in the EU DIAGPRO Standard Measurement and Testing (SMT) concerned
project SMT 4-CT98-2252, 1998-2002 where in a partnership of four laboratories (CSL, UK;
SASA, Scotland; PPS, The Netherlands and IVIA Spain) diagnostic protocols for 15
organisms of importance to plant health were produced. For bacteria the protocol for the
quarantine organism Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus was developed. After
extensive ring testing the protocol was approved by EU Plant Health Standing Committee
and was later also adopted by the EPPO Working party on Phytosanitary Regulations as
standard in the series PM7. The second project presented is COST 873, ‘Bacterial diseases
of stone fruits and nuts’, an EU funded project in framework of COST 2009-2012 (European
Cooperation in Science and Technology) with main aims of 1) Stimulation of research on
pathogenic bacteria and host resistance, link European labs (22 countries); 2) Train next
generation of plant bacteriologists, breeders and phytosanitary specialists; Participation was
in WG 1: Diagnostics, Pathogen biodiversity, Pathogen genetics. In the framework of this
project a Workshop on Pseudomonas Pathogens of Stone Fruits and Nuts: Classical and
Molecular Phytobacteriology, at and with the Faculty of Agriculture of the University of
Belgrade, Serbia was organised. A second training at the same place was provided in close
cooperation with Ukrainian Ministry of Agriculture, (see below) viz. ‘Theoretical and practical
training in diagnostics of bacterial diseases of fruits, including quarantine pathogens of
importance to the EU and Ukraine’ 31-10 to 4-11-2011. Moreover a Workshop on diagnosis
of Xylella fastidiosa was organised at and with the Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Bari
(MAIB), Italy from 18-22 October 2010. This devastating, insect transmitted, bacterium
Xylella fastidiosa is an emerging pathogen in several parts of the world and a threat for
Europe and the Mediterranean basin and it was decided on the organisation of a proactive
first European Workshop on diagnosis of this pathogen. Now, almost four years later the
pathogen was indeed detected and identity confirmed in Southern Italy from olive, Nerium
oleander and almond and insect vectors. The third project presented is a bilateral project of
the Netherlands and Ukraine -G2G short program 2010–2011 ‘Strengthening of the Plant
Quarantine and Seed Quality Control in Ukraine’ about legislation and test method
harmonisation in order to facilitate trade, of Dutch Inspection Services and The Ukrainian
PPS and Academy of Sciences. The fourth project is an EU Twinning project in Serbia
SR10-IB-AG-01 ‘Capacity building within the national referent laboratories directorate’
where a theoretical and practical diagnostic bacteriology training was proved, including
molecular methods, at and with the Natl. Reference Laboratory and at the Institute for Plant
Protection and Environment, Belgrade.
Keywords: international cooperation, bacterial diseases, plants
22
Plenary lectures
SUSTAINABLE WATER MANAGEMENT IN AGRICULTURE
UNDER CLIMATE CHANGE
Chartzoulakis Kostas
NAGREF, Institute for Olives and Subtropical Plants,
Chania, Greece
Water is considered as the most critical resource for sustainable development worldwide. It
is essential not only for agriculture, industry and economic growth, but it is also the most
important component of the environment, with a significant impact on health and nature
conservation. The agriculture worldwide today accounts for on average more than 70% of
water used. Irrigated areas will increase in coming years due to climate change, while fresh
water supplies will be diverted from agriculture to meet the increasing demand of domestic
use and industry. Furthermore, the efficiency of irrigation is very low, since less than 65% of
the applied water is used by the crops. In order to overcome water shortage in agriculture, it
is essential to increase the water use efficiency and to use marginal waters (reclaimed,
saline, drainage) for irrigation. The sustainable use of water is a priority for agricultural arid
areas. Imbalances between availability and demand, degradation of surface and
groundwater quality, inter-sectorial competition and inter-regional conflicts often occur in
these regions. So, under scarcity conditions and climate change, considerable effort has
been devoted over time, through EU funded projects, to introduce policies aiming to
increase water efficiency based on the assertion that more can be achieved with less water
through better management. Better management usually refers to improvement of allocative
and/or irrigation water efficiency. The former is closely related to adequate pricing, while the
latter depends on the type of irrigation technology, environmental conditions and the
scheduling of water application. Agricultural practices, such as soil management, irrigation
and fertilizer application and disease and pest control are related with the sustainable water
management in agriculture and protection of the environment. They not only provide the soil
moisture and nutrients necessary for plant growth, but they also contribute to control
erosion, soil and groundwater degradation. Socio-economic pressures and climate change
impose restrictions to water allocated to agriculture. The adoption of sustainable water
management in Mediterranean is not only a technological problem, but involves many other
considerations relative to social behavior of rural communities, the economic constraints, or
the legal and institutional framework that may favor the adoption of some measures and not
others. Sustainable water management in agriculture, which has a multi-functional role in
Southern Europe, can be achieved by adopting improvements in irrigation application, soil
and plant practices, water pricing, reuse of treated wastewater, farmers’ participation in
water management and capacity building.
Keywords: irrigation, water efficiency, water reuse, innovation, capacity building
23
Plenary lectures
TIME FOR EU PROJECTS
Jacobsen Sven-Erik
Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen,
Taastrup, Denmark
The suggested sequence for a successful application of an EU project is first to have the
right project idea, followed by lobbying, establishing a consortium and writing of the
proposal. It sounds easy, and it may be, if sufficient time is available and sufficient funds to
implement all stages in an optimal way. The appointment of a dedicated and skilled
coordinator, who may be the person who initially got the idea, is crucial, and so is the
subsequent funding of a workshop. In this workshop the partners selected for the consortium
will meet and discuss details of the proposal.
As an example the EU FP7 project entitled “Sustainable water use securing food production
in dry areas of the Mediterranean region (SWUP-MED)” working on climate proof cropping
systems in Morocco, Syria, Turkey and southern Europe, collaborating with UK, Denmark
and Australia is here presented. The results are valid for other parts of the world, where
Mediterranean climate is found, such as Western Australia, Western Chile, and in many dry
areas of Africa, Asia and Middle East. The topic of climate proof cropping systems, that is a
system which is able to mitigate the effects of climate change, has been addressed in
several projects.
Keywords: FP Projects, SWUP-MED
24
Plenary lectures
FP7 FUNDED RESEARCH-FROM START TO RESULT:
A FOOD SAFETY PERSPECTIVE OF FP7 PROJECTS VEG-I-TRADE
AND AQUAVALENS AND FUTURE HORIZON 2020 INITIATIVE
Rajković Andreja
There is probably no such a thing as cook book recipe for setting the strategy of thinking,
planning and writing an EC funded research project. However, for the most of them, or least
for those that were successful (considering also a post-project life time, too) there are some
things in common. The majority will start from original and recognizable idea that is most
often a result of a discussion of few close collaborators. The relevancy of such idea is
confirmed through a dialog with colleague experts, often those ones used to work with in
previous projects. Obvious need for an EU dimension and cross border cooperation,
including non-EU countries, gives an outline of the required partners in the Consortium that
is essentially based on the mandatory expertise cross-matched with call requirements. The
risks of the project do not need to be at ERC level, but need to show perspectives beyond
state-of-the-art. In Horizon2020 (H2020) project, an additional quantitative tool has been
implemented to judge the impact, and that is TRL coming from OECD. In this work, some of
the important experiences from FP7 Veg-i-Trade and FP7 Aquavalens will be presented,
together with experiences from some submitted H2020 projects with no prejudice on their
selection. The scientific excellence will be placed in the context of data protection,
dissemination, exploitation and project impact on societal and economical needs.
Keywords: Veg-i-Trade, Aquavalens, impact, data protection, dissemination, exploitation
25
Plenary lectures
IMPROVEMENT OF COMMON CARP PRODUCTION IN SERBIA
THROUGH EU FOUNDED COOPERATION
Todorčević Marijana1, Škugor Stanko1, Rašković Božidar2, Spasić Milan2, Stanković
Marko2, Sørensen Mette1, Kolstad Kari1, Kittelsen Arne1, Jeney Galina3, Jeney
Zsigmond3, Dulić Zorka2, Poleksić Vesna2, Marković Zoran2
1
Nofima Marin AS, Ås, Norway
University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade, Serbia
3
Research Institute for Fisheries, Aquaculture and Irrigation, Szarvas, Hungary
2
Aquaculture is the fastest growing food-producing sector. The common carp is the third most
important farmed freshwater fish species in the world. However, over the last three decades,
there has been a substantial increase in the production of salmon, trout, sea bream, and sea
bass while common carp production has stagnated.
Reinforcement of Sustainable Aquaculture – ROSA (FP7 REGPOT, No. 205135) was part of
the European FP7 projects, and it was conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture, University of
Belgrade in order to improve common carp production in Serbia. Project partners were the
Institute of Aquaculture Research – AKVAFORSK from Norway (now under the new name –
NOFIMA MARIN) and the Research Institute for Fisheries, Aquaculture and Irrigation – HAKI
from Hungary. The overall objective of the three years project was to strengthen education
programs with new knowledge in: 1) fish nutrition, 2) fish breeding and management, and 3)
molecular methods used in biological research.
The objectives were achieved through: 1) reinforcement of human and material resources,
2) reinforcement of knowledge in carp aquaculture, and 3) promotion activities.
This involved 12 visits of Serbian staff and training of 11 young scientists within the partner
institutions. The project also provided employment for 3 young graduates at the Faculty of
Agriculture.
New equipment was purchased both for the fish nutrition laboratory and for the experimental
fish farm. This included a computer system for measuring temperature and dissolved
oxygen, a computer feeding system for carp fry feeding, recirculation aquaculture system
(RAS), in addition to equipment used for measuring important physiological parameters. On
completion, the project resulted in the publication of 10 seminar papers, 5 undergraduate
theses and 4 PhD theses. Serbian scientists participated in 18 conferences, published 47
peer reviewed papers and 2 books. Several laboratory protocols and one manual for carp
producers were written. Besides the project web site, 2 workshops and 3 stakeholder
meetings were organized, as well as one international conference and exhibition with
participation of scientists and stakeholders from 22 countries. Furthermore, the Conference
Centre for Fishery and Applied Hydrobiology, located at the Faculty’s experimental School
Estate Radmilovac was opened.
Knowledge gained from the ROSA project was essential to increase the production capacity
and improve the profitability of the Serbian aquaculture sector.
Keywords: common carp, nutrition, breeding, molecular methods, education
26
Plenary lectures
VEGETATION DATABASES AND RESEARCH IN NW BALKANS
Šilc Urban1, Petrović Milica2, Aćić Svetlana2, Dajić Stevanović Zora2
1
Institute of Biology, ZRC SAZU, Ljubljana, Slovenia
2
Vegetation science has a long tradition in Europe and also in the Balkan Peninsula. The first
studies were conducted in the beginning of the last century and there is a large quantity of
data about vegetation of the region.
Development of eco-informatics and specialized computer software enabled creation of
various databases where vegetation plots (relevés) as the result of vegetation sampling are
stored. These datasets are rich source of information about vegetation of the Balkans and its
changes in the last 100 years. Gathered data will allow answers to general ecological
questions, macroecological research and connection to databases of other ecological data
(plant traits, climatic data, ecological parameters, indicator values …).
There is a process of aggregation of these databases in Europe within two major projects:
Global Index of Vegetation Databases (GIVD) and European Vegetation Archive where also
databases and institutions from the region are involved.
Similar ideas have already been implemented between several institutions from exYugoslavia (ZRC SAZU, University of Belgrade, University of Zagreb, Ss. Cyril and
Methodius University in Skopje, University of Banja Luka …) and databases on joint
software and species list are created. This has already enabled cooperation of scientists
from those institutions and several papers were published: weed vegetation, mesic and dry
grasslands, thermophilous and beech forests, invasive species.
Successful cooperation will be useful in transnational classification of vegetation types and
use of these results in habitat mapping and Natura 2000 implementation that are used in
nature conservation efforts.
Keywords: databases, vegetation, joint research projects, nature conservation
27
Plenary lectures
STRENGTHENING SUPPORT FOR INNOVATION AND FOSTERING THE
TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER IN THE FOOD SECTOR – OUTPUTS FROM
CAPINFOOD AND TRAFOON PROJECTS
Nedović Viktor1, Sebők Andras2, Braun Susanne3, Petrović Tanja1, Lević Steva1,
Pešić Mirjana1, Mihajlović Mirjana1
1
2
Campden BRI Hungary Ltd. Budapest, Hungary
3
Life Science Center, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
CAPINFOOD and TRAFOON projects are two European projects funded by the South-East
Europe Transnational Cooperation (SEE) programme and FP7, respectively, that deal with
different aspects of improving the environment for the innovation in the food sector, as well
as technology and knowledge transfer directed to traditional food producers. Although the
food industry represents an important sector in the economies of the SEE countries, the
innovation in this sector is not at a satisfactory level mostly due to unfavorable environment
and luck of society’s support. The main objectives of CAPINFOOD project are to
strengthening the institutions to support the innovations in the food sector and to promote
public awareness on benefits of innovations making the sectorial innovation easier through
transnational cooperation.
The specific objectives of CAPINFOOD project are: to develop national innovation strategies
following a common framework for improving the competitiveness of food sector (particularly
small and medium enterprises - SMEs), to help the economic growth of South-East Europe
(SEE) and creation of jobs and to ensure sustainable development. Also, the objectives are
to develop skills of SEE institutions in using effective tools to foster innovation, food chain
management, trans disciplinary collaboration with ICT sector, knowledge transfer and
practices of using industry panels (based on collective learning and shared costs) and to
promote the use of ICT based tools for fostering innovation. The distribution of knowledge
created by science has become more important especially for SMEs that could not afford the
cost of research and development (R&D) for innovation of their production processes. This
project provides practical tools for transferring knowledge generated by R&D.
To support traditional SMEs, TRAFOON has set sail in November 2013 to establish a
knowledge transfer network with a focus on food products made of grains, fish, fruits,
vegetables and mushrooms to support traditional food producing SMEs. The idea is to
create the base of already gained knowledge in the listed fields of food production from
different national, regional, EU programmes and also the base of traditional food SMEs
needs and then to match these two and help the SMEs in their further developments or
problem solving. The TRAFOON network will interlink researchers, knowledge transfer
agents, and SME associations in 14 European countries to foster sustainable innovation and
entrepreneurship in the sector of traditional foods for the benefit of the regions of Europe
and the European consumer. The project will also deliver the SRIA and communicate it with
policy decision makers at all different levels.
Keywords: food innovation strategies, collective support for SMEs, capacity building of
innovation supporting institutions, traditional food network, SRIA
28
Plenary lectures
TECHNOLOGY BROKERAGE NETWORK (STBN) AS AN IMPORTANT
TOOL FOR STRENGTHENING THE CONNECTION BETWEEN SCIENCE
INSTITUTIONS AND ENTERPRISES
Miočinović Jelena1, Tomašević Igor1, Pajić Miloš1, Mandić Vesna2
1
Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
2
Technology Brokerage Network in Serbia (TBNS) is the group of faculties, institutes and
centers for technology transfer, which is established in order to promote and develop
cooperation between enterprises and science research institutions. The Technology
Brokerage Network in Serbia is established with the support of the Ministry of Education,
Science and Technological Development, the Ministry of Economy and the EU IPA
Integrated Innovation Support Programme (IISP). Eleven institutions involved in the
Technology Brokerage Network cover different areas such as agriculture, technology,
metallurgy, mechanical engineering, civil engineering, IT sector etc. Members of TBNS were
trained through a set of different workshops (Technology Brokerage Services, Managing a
project’s cycle, intellectual property protection etc.)
The main objectives of the TBN in Serbia are to provide support and/or assistance to small
and medium companies in the implementation of existing and new technologies and the
commercialization of research results. Also, TBN has a role to connect SMEs with other
business and innovation support organizations as well as governmental institutions,
Intellectual property office etc. Through organizing various educational and informative
events on technology transfer, TBN will show the successful examples of the use of
knowledge and technology transfer, from developed countries, as tool for innovation support
to SME. All of these will enable more innovative character and better positioning of domestic
companies at the national and international market.
Keywords: technology transfer, innovation, small and medium enterprise
29
Oral presentations
Oral presentations
EXPERIENCES IN FEED FOR HEALTH COST ACTION
Vukmirović Đuro, Lević Jovanka, Čolović Dušica, Kokić Bojana, Čolović Radmilo
Institute of Food Technology, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
FEED for HEALTH is the project funded trough European framework COST (European
st
Cooperation in Science and Technology). It started on 1 December 2008 and lasted for 5
years. The aim was to create research network concerned with the role of animal nutrition in
improving animal health and in designing functional foods for humans, and also to develop
the concepts of feed safety, quality and functionality.
Concepts in animal nutrition are changing in a way that animal feed must be considered not
only in terms of nutritional properties but also in terms of ability to promote health. That
implies the use of safe and quality feed, which depends on the quality of feed production in
the feed plants. The expression for quality ability of the production plant is its working
accuracy. Working accuracy includes three components, which have to be determined
experimentally:
1. Additive concentration in the mixer after usual mixing time and in the final product, after
conveying the mixture to the final station (e.g. silo for delivery), compared with the
declared concentration of the additive.
2. Homogeneity of the mixture after usual mixing time and after conveying the mixture to
the final station.
3. Cross contamination of the following batch by the considered additive (carry-over).
In feed plants there are many operations which are critical points for mixture homogeneity,
concentration displacements in the mixture (segregation) and carryover (weighing, dosing,
mixing, transporting, storage, etc.). For this reason, systematic and continuous control at all
stages of production in feed plant is necessary.
The Institute of Food Technology has a long history in investigation and determination of
working accuracy of feed production plants and one of the main activities of Institute project
team was to emphasise the importance of working accuracy for the aims of this project.
Determination of working accuracy in the feed plants provides information about critical
points in the production process and enables implementation of corrective measures.
Other project partners were very interested in the topic of working accuracy and found it to
be complementary to their field of work, which opened the gate for joint projects. Up to now,
as a result of FEED for HEALTH project, two projects were prepared:
 Bilateral project with Italy: “New prospective for R&D in the feed sector
(FEEDNEEDS)”.
 COST action: “European network on the factors affecting the gastro-intestinal microbial
balance and the impact on the health status of pigs (PiGutNet)”
th
During project implementation, Institute organized “15 International Feed Technology
Symposium “FEED-TO-FOOD” / COST FEED for HEALTH joint Workshop” in Novi Sad,
Serbia, in October 2012. This was very successful event, and many project members visited
Novi Sad and also visited the Institute, where they were introduced to Institute human and
equipment resources.
Keywords: feed, working accuracy, COST
33
Oral presentations
SOME EXPERIENCES OF THE FRUIT RESEARCH INSTITUTE
ASSOCIATES DURING FP7 PROJECT PARTICIPATION
Ružić Đurđina1, Vujović Tatjana1, Cerović Radosav2, Leposavić Aleksandar1,
Karaklajić-Stajić Žaklina1, Mitrović Olga1
1
Fruit Research Institute, Čačak, Serbia2
Innovation Center, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy,
Owing to our participation in COST 863 Action ‘Euroberry Research: from Genomics to
Sustainable Production, Quality and Health’ (2006-2010), as well as the previous collaboration
and friendship with colleagues from Europe, we were able to become involved in FP7 project
titled ‘The sustainable improvement of European berry production, quality and nutritional value
in changing environment: Strawberries, Currants, Blackberries, Blueberries and Raspberries’
(EUBerry, 2011-2014). Namely, the Fruit Research Institute is participating in the project as a
subcontractor to the Polish partner (Research Institute of Horticulture, Skierniewice) working in
the framework of WP2, SUB-TASK 2.1.1. ‘Evaluation of physiological properties, yield
parameters, organoleptic quality and chemical analyses of the fruits and disease resistance of
raspberry and blackberry genotypes propagated with the standard technique and in vitro’. The
main objective of the project is to provide the necessary knowledge and tools to facilitate
development of high quality, cost-competitive fresh berry fruits of high nutritional value optimal
for human health.
Within this project, the main objective of our research was to evaluate the potential of in vitro
micropropagation in mass propagation of raspberry and blackberry, primarily aimed at
obtaining healthy, genetically stable and true-to-type planting material and introducing material
propagated in such manner into production. In order to achieve the project aims, the
experimental orchard was established using two types of planting material: tissue culture
plants and standard planting material. During the 3-year period (2011-2013), field
experiments included monitoring of the following parameters: physiological properties
including phenological investigation and monitoring of yield parameters; organoleptic quality
including morphological properties of fruits, chemical parameters of fresh fruit quality, the
sensory analysis of fresh fruits and determination of volatile compounds and bioactive
compounds of fruits; and evaluation of winter hardiness, as well as observations of disease
resistance/susceptibility. Assessment of plant genetic stability was performed by estimation
of DNA ploidy level and relative nuclear DNA content using flow cytometric analysis,
determination of chromosome number using light microscopy (chromosome counting) and
polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of soluble isoperoxidases. Results obtained are very
important due to the fact that this extensive research is the first of its kind conducted in our
country. Besides this benefit, we procured some equipment with project funds viz. digital
refractometer, tensiometer, drying oven, and we also managed to set up anti-hail nets in the
experimental orchard. To date, some of the project results were presented at a national
meeting and published as a full-length paper in a national journal. We have also prepared 4
papers to be published in international journals. One of the additional aims of the
cooperation established and strengthened through this project is the possibility of
involvement in new research team for application for projects funded by Horizon 2020 that
will be discussed during the forthcoming Final Meeting in Poland.
Keywords: blackberry, raspberry, micropropagation, standard planting material
34
Oral presentations
BILATERAL COOPERATION BETWEEN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA
AND THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC
Kokić Bojana, Lević Jovanka, Kostadinović Ljiljana, Banjac Vojislav, Varga Ana
Institute of Food Technology, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
The Institute of Food Technology is one of the leading research institutes in the field of food
and feed science and technology in Serbia and South Eastern Europe. One part of the
institute is centre called “FEED-TO-FOOD” that is equipped with pilot plant for feed
technology and laboratory. On the other hand, the Animal Production Research Centre in
Nitra is research institute focused on the problems of animal nutrition and feeding, the
utilization of nutrients by animals etc. Since the institute in Slovakia has farm animals that
can be used in experimental purposes, it was highly useful to connect research of these two
institutions.
st
Bilateral project called “Laboratory methods for the assessment of feeds” started on 1
January 2012 and lasted for 2 years. It was funded by the Ministry of Education, Science
and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia. The aim of the project was to
examine to which extent hydrothermal treatments influence changes in starch granules of
corn and how that relates to rumen degradation of starch in cows.
In ruminant nutrition, corn grain is typically processed prior to feeding because a whole grain
has an intact pericarp that prevents bacterial attachment and subsequent digestion of the
seed constituents. Processing is associated with improvements in efficiency of nutrient
utilization by ruminal microorganisms and the total tract. Gelatinization is a process in which
starch granules are ruptured by a combination of moisture, heat, pressure and mechanical
sheer force. Many factors can influence the degree of gelatinization: amount of water during
processing, achieved temperature and time of processing, etc. Therefore, we used 4
different hydrothermal treatments that affected starch availability by altering starch
properties: pelleting, micronization, extrusion and steam flaking. Disruption of normal semicrystalline structure of corn starch granules was examined using various analyses: water
absorption index, water solubility index, degree of gelatinization, rheological properties,
SEM, etc. At the partner institute in Nitra effective starch degradability in rumen was
determined in situ using fistulated cows.
A great impact on disintegration of starch granule had moisture content of conditioned
material before processing and achieved temperature during processing, that are dependent
on selected processing method. Based on obtained results, pelleting and steam flaking are
mild processing methods, whereas micronization and extrusion are more severe methods
that cause more starch to gelatinize and to increase its availability. Also, all processing
methods increased ruminal effective starch degradability in comparison to unprocessed
sample. This was due to alteration in starch structure that enhanced amylolytic digestion by
microorganisms in rumen.
Results obtained in this cooperation are part of one PhD thesis and national project III46012
financed by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Republic of
Serbia.
Keywords: bilateral cooperation, hydrothermal processing, corn, starch
35
Oral presentations
TEXTURE ANALYSIS AS A TOOL FOR DETERMINATION OF
DAIRY PRODUCTS QUALITY
Miočinović Jelena1, Nedeljković Aleksandar1, Radulović Zorica1,
Radovanović Mira1, Puđa Predrag1, Dewwetnick Koen2
1
Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
2
Sensory properties, including texture, are key factors which influence food buying and
consuming. Today, it is known that objective analyses rather than subjective sensory
techniques are keys to maintaining consistency and textural quality in manufactured foods.
Texture analysis is the mechanical testing of food in order to measure their physical
properties. These properties include hardness, cohesiveness, springiness, adhesiveness,
spreadability, chewiness etc. Food texture depends on numerous factors, such as raw
materials, ingredients, technological procedures etc. Hence, texture analysis could be a
useful tool in both, new product development and as part of quality control in all production
stages.
The main goal of many texture studies is to devise one or more mechanical tests with the
capacity to replace human sensory evaluation as a tool to evaluate a wide range of textural
properties. These techniques are very precise and experimental errors are usually
consequences of sample heterogeneity rather than of instrumental imprecision.
The knowledge regarding this topic was obtained during Basileus Exchange Program
funded by EU and 6-month research stay in Ghent University, Belgium. The results which
were done on the kajmak samples, known traditional Serbian products, showed the
significance of this kind of measurements and their importance for determination of different
dairy products quality, as well as factors that influence them. In the meantime, our laboratory
purchased equipment acceptable for this kind of measurement such as texture analysator
(MicroStable System, UK). New knowledge and expertise in this area will be further
developed through national project and 2 PhD theses in progress.
Keywords: dairy products, texture, kajmak, hardness
36
Oral presentations
CONTAMINATION OF PLANTS BY HUMAN PATHOGEN BACTERIA:
METHODS FOR DETECTION AND IDENTIFICATION
Kljujev Igor1, Raičević Vera1, Schmid Michael2, Rothballer Michael2
Hartmann Anton2
1
2
Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany
Consumption of fresh vegetables is a healthy diet supply and it is recommended as
prevention of illnesses. There is an increasing trend in consumption of fresh vegetables in
the world, and their microbiological quality is very important for public human health. There
have been an increasing number of outbreaks caused by human pathogen on fresh
vegetables in the recent years.
Contamination of vegetables and fruits is the result of the presence of human pathogen
bacteria which can contaminate products in any part of production chain. The pathogen
bacteria, like Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes
could be found on the fresh vegetables. Salmonellosis is connected with tomato, sprouts,
cantaloupe etc. E. coli and E. coli O157:H infections are linked with lettuce, sprouts, carrot
etc.
Contaminated irrigation water is a very effective vector of the transmission of human
pathogen to plants. Contamination of fresh vegetables by human pathogen bacteria
depends on bacterial ability to colonize plant. In the case of microbiological contamination of
fresh vegetables, it is very difficult to carry out decontamination and it is impossible to
remove all attached bacteria only by washing.
Methods for detection and identification of pathogen bacteria in the irrigation water and on
vegetables, transmission of pathogen bacteria from irrigation water to plants and
studying/monitoring the ability of the human pathogen to colonize the surface and endophyte
of root, stem and leaf of different vegetable species have been developed. The expertise
built on collaborations between the Faculty of Agriculture, Department for Microbial Ecology
and EU research groups in 3 EU FP6 projects (WATERWEB, SAFIR and CROPWAT)
allowed the introduction of new methods for investigation of human pathogens in the
environment. The new knowledge and expertise were used for both practical application and
improvement of research of human pathogen in irrigation water and on vegetables at the
Faculty of Agriculture.
Transmission of pathogen bacteria from irrigation water to plants, as well as colonization of
plants by human pathogen bacteria was investigated by: applying PCR method, using green
fluorescent protein transformed bacteria, bacterial transformation and cloning, qPCR,
fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM).
The two Salmonella strains were prepared to be tested for colonization of wheat and
spinach. In the future, the inoculation dose which is responsible for colonization of plants by
investigated Salmonella strains will be detected.
New knoweldge and expertise were implemented in the research of national projects, PhD
thesis and published papers.
Keywords: microbial contamination, vegetables, human pathogenic bacteria, Salmonella,
irrigation water
37
Oral presentations
TRENDS AND PERSPECTIVES IN THE CLONAL SELECTION
OF ‘OBLAČINSKA’ SOUR CHERRY
Nikolić Dragan, Fotirić-Akšić Milica, Rakonjac Vera, Milatović Dragan
Sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) is in the third place among fruit trees in Serbia. Regarding
average production of 87,391 t (2009-2011), Serbia ranks sixth in the world. ‘Oblačinska’
sour cherry as autochthonous cultivar is dominant in production (more than 60% of the total
number of trees). It is characterized by high genetic diversity as a result of vegetative
propagation by suckers, when planting material is often mixed with seedlings. ‘Oblačinska’
sour cherry is low vigorous and very productive. It has small fruits of good quality that are
mainly used for freezing and processing in juice and it is relatively resistant to frost, drought
and diseases. Since ‘Oblačinska’ sour cherry is not a pure cultivar but mixture of clones
(genotypes), the problems with its reproduction and exploitation occur. Due to these
reasons, considering breeding methods, special attention should be devoted to the clonal
selection and the production of genetic and healthy planting material. Work with clonal
selection is performed continuously, so current germplasm collections of ‘Oblačinska’ sour
cherry include a large number of ex situ and in situ collected accessions. From this gene
pool, based on phenotypic differences, about 70 accessions were separated for the core
collection forming. The main areas of utilization of ‘Oblačinska’ sour cherry collection are to
identify the genotypes with a good potential for cultivation or for exploitation in breeding
programs. Clones with high yield and the best fruit quality will be recommended for
production. This will allow the realization of higher profit per unit area. The numerous
positive traits of this cultivar should make it interesting for plantation in other countries with
similar agro-ecological conditions. This research was included in the topic “Genetic
resources and Breeding, Genetics and Genomics” in COST action FA1104: “Sustainable
production of high-quality cherries for the European market”. In this action we implemented
different types of studies with ‘Oblačinska’ sour cherry cultivar such as genotyping studies in
order to assess the genetic diversity and phenotyping studies particularly nutritional and
health properties. This new knoweldge and expertise are implemented in the research of 2
national projects and several PhD theses (1 finished and 3 in progress).
Keywords: sour cherry, clonal selection, collection, breeding, production
38
Oral presentations
ADVANCES IN STUDY OF BIOACTIVITIES OF
Agaricus brasiliensis POLYSACCHARIDES
Kozarski Maja1, Klaus Anita1, Vunduk Jovana1, Jakovljević Dragica2, Todorović
Nina2, Pavlović Vladimir1, Nikšić Miomir1,
Vrvić Miroslav M.2,3, van Griensven Leo J.L.D.4
1
Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade,
Belgrade, Serbia
3
Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
4
Plant Research International, Wageningen University and Research,
Wageningen, The Netherlands
2
Polysaccharides from mushrooms have received considerable attention due to their
biological activities, such as anti-tumor, antivirus, anti-oxidation, anti-complementary,
anticoagulant, hypolipidemic, immunostimulant and immunological activities, which made
them possible to be used in many fields including food, cosmetics, biomedicine, agriculture,
environmental protection and wastewater management. Isolation and purification of
polysaccharides commonly involve several steps, and different techniques are actually
available in order to increase extraction yield and purity. Studies have demonstrated that the
molecular structure and arrangement significantly influence the biological activity.
The aim of the study was isolation and characterization of polysaccharide extracts from fruit
bodies of the European strain of mushroom Agaricus brasiliensis and testing of different
levels of purification on immunomodulating and antioxidative potential in vitro with the
objective of the selection of the most effective nutraceutical of good quality and available
production conditions. Polysaccharides were obtained by hot water extraction and ethanol
precipitation (HWPE I) of fruiting bodies, and further purified by dialysis (HWPE II) and
pronase incubation (PPE). These polysaccharides consisted mainly of (1→6)-β-D glucans
as demonstrated by quantitative assays and NMR profiling. They showed a clear IFN-γ
inducing activity in human PBMCs, which suggests that these polysaccharides have
proinflammatory effects. Treatment by β-glucosidase caused the polysaccharides to be
degraded into smaller fragments and at the same time increased their IFN-γ inducing activity
in PBMCs fourfold. In vitro, PPE free of proteins and polyphenols showed a dose-dependent
inhibition of the proliferation of the human leukemia Jurkat cell. At 100 μg/mL the cells’
viability was decreased by appr. 51% compared to the control. EPR spin trapping
•
•
demonstrated a high antioxidative activity against OH and O2 radicals of HWPE I and PPE.
•
Further, the results of the antioxidant assays indicated that antioxidant activity against OH
radicals in the Fenton system was achieved through scavenging or through chelating iron
mechanisms.
The good immunomodulating and antioxidative properties of A. brasiliensis polysaccharide
extract obtained by hot water extraction and ethanol precipitation make it suited for everyday
use as an inexpensive dietary supplement.
Keywords: A. brasiliensis, mushrooms, polysaccharides, antioxidant activity,
immunomodulation
39
Oral presentations
MONITORING WEED RESISTANCE AND
CROP TOLERANCE IN SERBIA
Božić Dragana1, Vrbničanin Sava1, Pavlović Danijela2, Stojićević Darko1
1
Institute for Plant Protection and Environment, Belgrade, Serbia
2
Monitoring of weed resistance to different herbicides was done. Numerous weed species
including Abutilon theophrasti, Amaranthus retroflexus, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Ambrosia
trifida, Chenopodium album, Datura stramonium Helianthus annuus (weedy form), Xanthium
strumarium, Panicum crus-galli, Sorghum halepense, Solanum nigrum and Setaria viridis
have been tested. Also, sunflower hybrid tolerance to herbicides ALS inhibitors was tested.
Depending on the herbicide group, relevant methods including whole plant bioassay in the
field and under controlled conditions, ALS enzyme activity in vitro and in vivo, bioassay in
Petri dishes, chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence, transpiration intensity, shikimic
acid content, light and transmission electron microscopy and PCR analysis have been used.
The expertise built on bilateral project collaborations between the Faculty of Agriculture,
University of Belgrade, Serbia and two EU partners (Agricultural Institute of Slovenia,
Ljubljana, Slovenia, as well as, University of Rostock, Germany) allowed to introduce new
approaches in the study of weed resistance and crop tolerance to herbicides in Serbia. A
high level of resistance was not confirmed for any population, but some populations (Ch.
album, A. retroflexus and A. theophrasti, X. strumarium, S. halepense) showed decreased
susceptibility to some herbicides (atrazine and nicosulfuron). We confirmed sunflower hybrid
tolerant to imazamox and tribenuron-methyl. New knoweldge and improved methods were
implemented in the research of national project (III46008: Development of integrated
management of harmful organisms in plant production in overcoming resistance and
improving food quality and safety), two finished PhD theses, one PhD thesis in progress,
and several research papers published in national and internationl journals.
Keywords: herbicide, monitoring, weed resistance
40
Oral presentations
RESEARCH OF GENETIC VARIABILITY OF
MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS FROM
SOUTHEAST EUROPEAN PERSPECTIVE
Šatović Zlatko2, Dajić Stevanović Zora1, Šoštarić Ivan1, Aćić Svetlana1,
Petrović Milica1, Mačukanović-Jocić Marina1
1
2
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Southeast Europe is regarded as one of the centres of biodiversity. It is estimated that the
number of vascular plant species is higher than 8000 out of which more than 1000 species
are traditionally and/or officially used as MAP. In all countries of SEE, herbal sector is well
developed and its sustainability depends on both size and structure of natural MAP
populations. In order to preserve MAP biodiversity, and apply appropriate protection of
endangered species, knowledge of species diversity and population variability is of the
highest importance. Some of the tools of choice in population studies are various DNA
sequencing techniques, which provide valuable data and information of population
relationships and possibly population size and viability.
The Department of Botany of the Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade collaborated with other
research groups from the region through SEEDNet program that was financed by
Government of Kingdom of Sweden. As the result of this collaboration several MAP species
were investigated. Populations of Salvia officinalis from whole region were collected and
genetically characterised. In collaboration with prof. Johannes Novak at the University of
Veterinary Medicine in Vienna, populations of Origanum vulgare were collected and
analysed due to participation within ECPGR MAP Working Group.
Further investigation of MAP diversity will be focused on DNA fingerprinting techniques for
better understanding of population variability of selected species and target groups of
medicinal plants. Other aspect of research will be oriented towards investigation of
composition and localisation of secondary metabolites in relation to genetic diversity. Both
aspects will be realised through AREA projects that will allow our researchers the use of
DNA techniques and RAMAN spectroscopy aiming at better understanding of Southeast
European medicinal plants. Our research group collaborates with key institutions in SEE
region (e.g. University of Zagreb, Croatia) and EU (Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew,
University of Reading, UK, etc.) interested in genetic studies of medicinal plants, and is well
recognized by international organizations dealing with conservation of biodiversity (MAP
expert group of IUCN, MAP expert group of FAO, Traffic, WWF, BfN).
Keywords: DNA sequeencing, population genetics, RAMAN spectroscopy,
MAP conservation
41
Oral presentations
THE METHODOLOGY FOR INNOVATION MANAGEMENT IN
UNIVERSITY ENVIRONMENT
Mandić Vesna, Jevtović Jelena
Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
The paper deals with the different aspects of the innovation management process starting
from definition of ten recommended innovation management techniques, across the
intellectual property aspects, review of innovation cycle phases with financial aspects to the
software innovation management support.
The introduction presents the general idea about the innovation management as a process.
Innovation management techniques are presented as the set of tools and mechanisms
which support the innovation process, helping individuals and organizations/companies to
deal with the market challenges in a systematic way.
The Chapter Intellectual Property Aspects gives a preview of all types of intellectual property
rights and the list of steps and procedures that need to be followed in order to protect those
rights. Innovation Cycle with Financial Aspect describes in details the innovation cycle, with
its five stages as well as short preview of innovation financing issues. In final chapter, the
collaborative software software platform for innovation management is described in terms of
the stage-gate innovation management techniques used and their benefits for end-users of
such software platform. Description of Idea and Project Management workflows, along with
the roles and responsibilities assigned within each of them provided, as well as a brief
preview of the platform features in order to get this idea closer to its end-users.
Keywords: innovation management, idea, IPR, collaborative platform
42
Oral presentations
IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF Agrobacterium spp.
ISOLATED FROM APRICOT AND GRAPEVINE IN SERBIA
Kuzmanović Nemanja1, Prokić Anđelka1, Ivanović Milan1, Blagojević Nevena1,
Gašić Katarina2, Puławska Joanna3, Biondi Enrico4,
Bertaccini Assunta4, Obradović Aleksa1
1
Institute for Plant Protection and Environment, Belgrade, Serbia
3
Research Institute of Horticulture, Skierniewice, Poland
4
Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
2
Crown gall caused by Agrobacterium spp. is a widespread bacterial disease that occurs on
various agricultural crops and may cause significant economic losses. Although the disease
and its causal agent are present on many cultivated plants in Serbia, Agrobacterium species
have not been studied extensively for more than 30 years. We therefore investigated
etiology of crown gall on particular plant hosts in Serbia and characterized the causal agent
of the disease. This research was largely based on networking between our laboratory and
major phytobacteriological laboratories throughout Europe within COST Actions 873 and
FA0807. As a result of this collaboration, bacteria associated with crown gall symptoms on
apricot trees were isolated and characterized. Based on PCR analysis, it is determined that
six selected strains harbor Ti plasmids, classified as nopaline type. Tumorigenicity of the
strains was confirmed in pathogenicity assay on several test plants. Using physiological and
biochemical tests, multiplex PCR assay targeting 23S rRNA gene sequences and sequence
analysis of the 16S rRNA gene, five strains were assigned as A. rhizogenes/biovar 2 and the
remaining one as A. tumefaciens/biovar 1. Furthermore, the joint research program led to
the first report of A. vitis as the causal agent of grapevine crown gall in Serbia. The strains
isolated from tumor tissue of grapevine were determined as tumorigenic and identified as A.
vitis by using classical bacteriological and molecular methods. Overall, these results provide
a starting point for studying distribution, diversity and economic significance of
Agrobacterium species/biovars in stone fruit and grapevine production in Serbia. This is a
prerequisite for prevention of further disease spreading and successful protection. Moreover,
the expertise gained during this collaboration was implemented in the research of one
national project (III46008, Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of
the Republic of Serbia) and PhD thesis.
Keywords: Agrobacterium, crown gall, tumor, apricot, grapevine
43
Posters
Posters
SURVIVAL OF SPRAY DRIED POTENTIAL PROBIOTIC
Lactobacillus plantarum 564 IN CHOCOLATE
THROUGH HUMAN GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT
Ahrne Siv1, Radulović Zorica2, Petrušić Milica2, Mirković Nemanja2,
Paunović Dušanka2, Dimitrijević Suzana3
1
Department of Food Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Faculty of
Engineering LTH, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden
2
3
Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have an important role in most of branches of food industry. LAB
are most commonly used as starter cultures to obtain many kinds of fermented dairy
products, meat products, and fermented vegetables. Considering the growing interest in
application of probiotic strains in food production, it could be presumed that it is possible to
isolate some lactic acid bacteria from traditional product, with potential probiotic ability,
among the autochthonous strains. Milk and dairy fermented products are most commonly
used functional food. However, the increase in the consumer vegetarianism and the allergy
to dairy products establish a demand for new products. Cocoa and chocolate have been
suggested as good media for the functional health ingredients, because they are rich
sources of flavan-3-ols (flavanols) that have the ability to act as in vivo antioxidants.
Application of spray dried potential probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum 564 in the production of
dark chocolate and in vivo examination of survival of potential probiotic Lactobacillus
plantarum 564 through human gastrointestinal tract was conducted by Research Fellowship
of Federation of European Microbiology Societies (FEMS) as a result of collaboration
between the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade and Faculty of Engineering LTH,
University of Lund. This research showed that dark chocolate could be a very good delivery
medium for probiotic bacteria. Results showed very high percentage of survived spray dried
potential probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum 564 through gastrointestinal tract. Also, viability of
spray dried potential probiotic strain in chocolate was very high even after one year of
storage. Experience and new knowledge are implemented in the national project III 46010
and one doctoral thesis which is in the final stage. Successful collaboration between the
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade and Faculty of Engineering LTH, University of
Lund will be continued through Linnaeus Palme project.
Keywords: potential probiotic, Lactobacillus planatrum 564, dark chocolate, in vivo
47
Posters
EFFECT OF VINEYARD FLOOR MANAGEMET ON SOIL
AND PLANT WATER STATUS
Bešlić Zoran, Matijašević Saša, Todić Slavica
Two variants of floor management were applied: v1 - completely bare soil maintained by
mechanical cultivation, and v2 - partially covered soil, using a special mixture of grasses for
perennial plantations between rows with a regular mowing regime. Investigations were
carried out during 2011 and 2012, on cultivar Cabernet Sauvignon in central Serbian
o
o
vinegrowing region. The position of vineyard is 44 25'47'' North, longitude is 20 02'43'' East
o
and altitude is 163 m. An average annual air temperature was 10,8 C, mean vegetation
o
temperature 16,6 C and total annual amount of precipitation 600-700 mm.
Soil moisture was monitored by profile probe along a soil profile up to 1 m (10-20-40-60-100
cm). The results of experiment clearly indicate that soil partially covered with grasses had
consistently lower water content during growing season. In the second half of August 2012,
water content in depth of 40 cm was closer to the lowest point of optimal water content (25
vol %). Climatic conditions and soil moisture directly affect plant water status and its
variations were measured as stem water potential (Ψ stem ). Despite the extremely hot
summer months during both vegetation periods, particularly 2012, critically low levels of
water potential have not been obtained. The values of stem water potential (from -0,6 to -0,8
MPa) obtained before and after veraison, had a positive effect on dry matter accumulation in
berries and increased the content of phenolic compounds in the skin.
Keywords: floor management, soil water content, stem water potential
48
Posters
ENGAGING WITH SMEs – EXPERIENCES FROM THE
UK HORTICULTURAL RESEARCH
Blanuša Tijana1,2, Ordidge Matthew1, Hadley Paul1
1
Royal Horticultural Society, Woking, UK
School of Agriculture, Policy and Development,
University of Reading, Reading, UK
2
Home production of vegetables as well as soft fruit in the UK has grown steadily over the
last decade and is now on average above 50% (e.g. in 2012, 62% and 66% for raspberries
and strawberries respectively were home-grown, 93% for cabbages, 46% for mushrooms;
Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs – DEFRA – Statistics, 2013). Fruit and
vegetables were collectively valued at almost £1.8 billion in 2012, while the ornamental
sector was valued around £1 billion (DEFRA, 2013). The increases in home, UK,
horticultural production is due in part to effective translation of the new research findings into
the production practice.
We are presenting our experiences of industrial collaborations within various strands of the
UK horticultural sector, supporting our research. From smaller collaborations (e.g. short
research projects employing technicians) with individual industrial partners, via PhD projects
funded by industry funding bodies (such as Horticultural Development Council, HDC,
Doctoral Training Scheme) to large ongoing industrially-funded postdoctoral-level positions.
We will discuss the common denominators of the industrially-funded projects which we run
(e.g. need for financial benefits for the industrial partners, ’service’ element to the projects)
as well as the academic challenges they present to the researchers (e.g. the need to meet
very practical industrial needs, with academic rigour and the need for novelty in research)
and what routes we have used to try and meet those challenges.
Keywords: horticulture, financial benefit, future funding, industry, green infrastructure
49
Posters
APPLICATION OF ENCAPSULATED AUTOCHTHONOUS POTENTIAL
PROBIOTIC BACTERIA IN FOOD PRODUCTION
Bogovič Matijašić Bojana1, Radulović Zorica2, Petrušić Milica2, Mirković Nemanja2,
Petrović Tanja2, Miočinović Jelena2 , Nedović Viktor2
1
Biotechical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
2
There is growing scientific evidence that the maintenance of healthy gut microbiota may
provide protection against gastrointestinal disorders. A major development in functional
foods pertains to foods containing probiotics, while enhancing health-promoting microbial
flora in the intestine. Probiotics are live microbial food supplements, mainly lactic acid
bacteria which benefit the health of consumers by maintaining or improving their intestinal
microbial balance. Selection of autochthonous lactic acid bacteria as potential probiotics,
isolated from traditional cheeses in Serbia, is closely related to very important issues of
biodiversity preservation, production of high value food supplements containing probiotic
bacteria and development of new advanced technologies to improve food quality.
Encapsulation of probiotic cells provides a physical barrier against the external environment.
Entrapment of probiotic bacteria in a biodegradable polymer matrix has many advantages,
including higher stability, easier handling and storage of the cultures, lower mortality loss in
the applications leading to direct economic benefits and target delivery of active compounds.
The scientific cooperation through Bilateral project between Biotechnical Faculty of
University of Ljubljana, Slovenia, and the Faculty of Agriculture of University of Belgrade,
Serbia, was complemented by the research on autochthonous potential probiotic bacteria
and different encapsulation methods (spray drying and extrusion). These results and
experience were used for practical application of spray dried potential probiotic bacteria in
functional food production (cheeses, chocolate and fermented sausages). A high rate of
encapsulated probiotic survival in food and gastrointestinal conditions was achieved, which
was a basic requirement for probiotic food production. New knowledge and expertise were
implemented in the research of national projects (No. 46010, 46009) and four PhD theses (2
finished and 2 in progress).
Keywords: autochthonous lactic acid bacteria, probiotic bacteria
50
Posters
Iris yellow spot virus – A NEW ONION PATHOGEN
IN THE REPUBLIC OF SRPSKA
Bulajić Aleksandra1, Stanković Ivana1, Vučurović Ana1, Trkulja Vojislav2,
Mihić Salapura Jelena2, Kovačić Dragana2, Krstić Branka1
1
Agricultural Institute of Republic of Srpska, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
2
Viruses belonging to the genera Tospovirus (Bunyaviridae) represent a serious obstacle in
onion production all over the world. Iris yellow spot virus (IYSV) is considered an emerging
virus (previously on EPPO Alert quarantine list), established in several European countries
and its distribution in the EU region has increased during the last decade. Since the
development of diagnostic tests is a constant effort for plant quarantine and emerging
viruses, we have built expertise in the detection, identification and characterization of IYSV,
acknowledged by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Management of the
Republic of Serbia. Current expertise has been implemented in new research opportunities
for the study of IYSV presence and distribution at the regional level, through a bilateral
project between Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina supported by grant 19/6-020/96192/11 of the Ministry of Science and Technology of the Republic of Srpska. Collaboration
and joint research with Agricultural Institute, Banja Luka, provided new insight into the
occurrence and distribution of IYSV in onion crops in the Republic of Srpska and
determination of the genetic relationship of obtained IYSV isolates with those from Serbia
and other parts of the world. Results from an intensive survey which was conducted during
2012 and 2013 revealed virus presence in serologically tested samples collected at four
localities. For further analysis, samples of naturally infected onion plants originating from
different localities were selected and successfully mechanically transmitted to test plants
Petunia x hybrida confirming the infectious nature of the disease. Molecular detection was
performed by amplification of a fragment of 896 bp in all tested samples, using the specific
primers IYSV56U/IYSV917L that amplify the nucleocapsid (N) gene. The RT-PCR product
derived from isolate 373-12 was sequenced (KF733020) and compared with the IYSV
sequences available in GenBank. Sequence analysis of the complete N gene, revealed the
highest nucleotide identity of 99.6% (99.6% amino acid identity) with IYSV onion isolate
originating from Texas. Phylogenetic analysis showed clustering of selected isolates into six
molecular groups correlating with their geographic origin. Onion IYSV isolates from the
Republic of Srpska grouped in cluster 5 together with isolates from Georgia and Peru. Apart
from the first report and characterization of IYSV in the Republic of Srpska, published in
international and national peer reviewed journals and presented on one international and
one national conference, this collaboration provided know-how dissemination through
training and guidance of young researchers from Agricultural Institute-Banja Luka. In this
way, the bilateral project between Agricultural Faculty, Belgrade and Agricultural Institute,
Banja Luka is an essential contribution which will strengthen the scientific developments and
increase the regional scientific potential.
Keywords: Iris yellow spot virus, presence, distribution, onion, Republic of Srpska
51
Posters
USE OF INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY FOR DETECTION OF DROUGHT
STRESS AND AS A TOOL FOR IRRIGATION SCHEDULING
Costa Miguel1, Marjanović Milena2, Chaves Manuela1, Stikić Radmila2,
Jovanović Zorica2, Prokić Ljiljana2
1
LEM – Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica,
Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal
2
Leaf temperature can be a good indicator of leaf stomatal conductance and thus of plant
physiological condition. Infrared (IR) imaging (also known as IR thermography or imaging IR
radiometry), is a specialized branch of IR thermometry. This imaging technique permits to
measure IR radiation emitted by objects at ambient temperature over a large amount of
points and processing those measurements to form a thermal map of the target surface,
including leaf surface.
Thermal imaging can be used not only as a tool to monitor plant/crop physiological
condition, but also as a means to phenotype of new genotypes of relevant crops and as
supportive approach of breeding programs for drought resistance. Dehydration avoidance is
the major drought resistance mechanism and plant temperature is a most relevant
parameter to screen in non-destructive (“in vivo”) condition different genotypes in nondestructive (“in vivo”) conditions.
The aim of presented results was to test the use of thermal imaging as a non-destructive
and fast method to monitor plant water stress on the basis of leaf temperature, as well as to
optimize irrigation management in different plant species, namely potatoes and tomatoes.
Characterization of genotypes in terms of their response to water stress was another aim.
Presented experimental results confirmed that IR imaging could be successfully applied as a
tool for both irrigation scheduling and testing reactions of potato and tomato plants to
drought. To validate the information provided by thermal imaging, the leaf gas exchange
methodology is also used in the presented experiments.
The IR imaging was successfully applied in crop stress physiology at the Faculty of
Agriculture. This expertise was gained due to collaborative research project between
Serbia and Portugal.
Keywords: IR imaging, drought, potato, tomato
52
Posters
TRICHODERMA AS BIOCONTROL AGENT – BENEFITS AND RISKS
Danilović Gordana1,3, Körmöczi Péter2, Kredics László2,
Panković Dejana1,3, Jovanović Ljubinko3
1
Faculty of Environmental Protection, Educons University,
Sremska Kamenica, Serbia
2
Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
3
Faculty of Ecological Agriculture, Educons University,
Soil-borne pathogens are one of the main causes of important losses in agriculture, among
them fungi are the most aggressive. Intensive agriculture is highly dependent on the use of
chemical pesticides to control plant pathogens. These methods are time-consuming and
uneconomical, pollute the atmosphere, and are environmentally harmful, as the chemicals
build up in the soil. However, integration of biocontrol agents with reduced doses of
chemical agents has the potential to control plant pathogens with minimal impact on the
environment. This strategy of control is eco-friendly and compatible with different models of
agriculture: organic, biological and integrated pest/pathogen management (IPM) programs.
One of the main keys to sustainable pest control in the soil is establishing and maintaining
the microbial community structure in a disease suppressive state. Furthermore, before
biocontrol can become important component of plant desease management it must be
effective, reliable, consistent, easy to apply and use, environment friendly and economical.
To meet these criteria, superior strains of biocontrol agents together with delivery systems
that enhance biocontrol activity must be developed.
The fungal genus Trichoderma includes soil-borne cosmopolitan species and it comprises a
great number of fungal strains that act as biological control agents, of which T. virens, T.
viride and, above all, T. harzianum are best known. In our study, we investigated biodiversity
of the genus Trichoderma in the soils of Serbia. Altogether, 39 Trichoderma isolates were
identified from the examined samples based on their ITS sequences with the aid of the
programs TrichOKEY 2.0 and TrichoBLAST available online at the home page of the
International Subcommission on Trichoderma and Hypocrea Taxonomy (www.isth.info).
Besides the clinically relevant opportunistic pathogens T.longibrachiatum and T. citrinoviride
and the mycotoxin producing species T. brevicompactum, species known as promising
biocontrol agents (T. harzianum, T. virens, T. atroviride and T. gamsii) could also be
detected in the examined samples. Possible misidentification of closely related species
based on their morphological characteristics and risks of their application are discussed.
Molecular phylogenetic analysis for Trichoderma identification is therefore of great
importance, especially for determination of strains which could be used in biocontrol. T.
atroviride strain isolated from the rhizosphere of cabbage showed in vitro antagonistic
activity of 100% against tested confronted pathogens and it might be promising for the
development of fungal-based products that are able to suppress plant pathogenic fungi.
Keywords: Trichoderma, biocontrol, ITS
53
Posters
FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF BEERS ENRICHED WITH HERB
AND MUSHROOM EXTRACTS
Despotović Saša, Veljović Mile, Nešić Kristina, Velojović Sonja,
Nedović Viktor, Leskošek-Čukalović Ida
Since ancient times, many different types of beer and beer-based beverages have been
developed in various countries worldwide. Such diversity is caused by a wide variety of raw
materials and technologies which are used in their production. In recent years, the market of
food products with improved healthy function has strongly increased. Numerous research
works support the hypothesis that moderate drinking of beer significantly reduces the risk of
cardiovascular and some other diseases. The beneficial effects of beer on the human body
can be explained by a high content of antioxidants, vitamins and other accessible
components sourcing from hop, barley and malt.
The objective of this study was to investigate the total phenolic content and antioxidant
capacity of novel beer types and consumer acceptance of obtained beers against standard
Pilsner beer. The influence of the obtained beers on heart rhythm was investigated as well.
Experimental beers enriched with herb and mushroom extracts were produced in laboratory
stainless steel fermenters. For the purpose of this study beers were enriched with extracts of
M. officinalis, T. vulgaris, J. communis and G. lucidum.
The results obtained suggest that all examined beers had a higher amount of phenolic
compounds and higher antioxidant activity compared with control beer. Pharmacological
testing indicates that enriched beers do not significantly affect the blood pressure and heart
frequency. These results are encouraging for further research and indicate the possibility of
obtaining a wide range of special beers with increased functionality and with distinctive herb
sensory profile. This study was supported by EU Commission (FP7 REGPOT project AREA,
No 316004) and the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development
(III46001).
Keywords: beer, antioxidant activity, herb
54
Posters
CHARACTERIZATION OF BACTERIOCIN
PRODUCED BY NATURAL ISOLATE
Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis BM50
Diep Bao Dzung1, Mirković Nemanja2, Radulović Zorica2,
Uzelac Gordana3, Kojić Milan3
1
Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science,
Norwegian University of Life Science NMBU, Aas, Norway
2
3
Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering,
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are used as starter cultures for preparation of a wide variety of
fermented (dairy, meat and vegetable) products. LAB produces a number of antimicrobial
substances that might be of importance for food and feed fermentation and preservation.
Some LAB strains produce ribosomally synthesized antimicrobial peptides, named
bacteriocins. Many bacteriocins showed not only inhibitory activity within the same species
as a producer, but also against other species or genera different from the bacteriocin
producer, including food-borne pathogens and spoilage microorganisms such as Listeria
monocytogenes, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium tyrobutyricum.
Bacteriocins produced by LAB are of special interest for many reasons and one of the most
important is that they are generally regarded as safe (GRAS) for human consumption since
they are found or used in food and feed fermented products. Because of their potential use
in food preservation, LAB bacteriocins have been widely studied in recent years.
Characterization of bacteriocins produced by natural isolate Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis
BM50 was conducted by Research Fellowship of Federation of European Microbiology
Societies (FEMS) as a result of collaboration between the Faculty of Agriculture, University
of Belgrade; Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade
and Norwegian University of Life Science, NMBU, Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology
and Food Science. Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis BM50 is producer of antimicrobial
compound with a narrow spectrum of inhibition. Results showed that clear zones of inhibition
around the wells except nearby crystal of proteases suggest a proteinaceous nature of
inhibitory compound e.g. bacteriocin. PCR analyses were undertaken using specific primers
for genes of the most common lactococcal bacteriocins. Positive amplification was obtained
only when specific primers for the genes encoding bacteriocins lactococcin G were used.
Amplified fragment was sequenced and confirmed that strain BM50 produced lactococcin G.
New knoweldge and expertise are implemented in the national project III46010 and one
doctoral thesis which is in the final stage.
Keywords: lactic acid bacteria, bacteriocin lactococcin G, PCR
55
Posters
IMPROVEMENT OF GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF
CARP LARVAE IN INDOOR FACILITIES
Dulić Zorka, Marković Zoran, Rašković Božidar, Stanković Marko, Spasić Milan,
Vukojević Dalibor, Poleksić Vesna
Production of carp larvae is a demanding phase in semi-intensive fish farming, especially in
providing high survivorship and good health of fish. The usual practice among fish farmers in
Serbia is to introduce fish larvae into earthen ponds shortly after hatching. This rearing
methodology provides low cost maintenance and is overall economically feasible, but results
in up to 90% of fish mortality. The reasons for high fish loss are various; from predators and
diseases to low nutritional inputs for fish larvae and unstable pond environment. In modern
aquaculture, fish larvae are reared under controlled conditions, in indoor tanks and are fed
with specially produced live-food and/or wild zooplankton that meets their nutritional
requirements. This way the produced fish fry are usually more resistant to diseases, have
less deformities and the survivor rate significantly increases. The upgrading of material
resources and expertise gained through the project “Reinforcement of Sustainable
Aquaculture” (ROSA) allowed the establishment of a modern carp larvae rearing system in
controlled environment. Indoor facilities comprise fifty tanks for breeding of families, system
for Artemia production, OxiGard computer system for constant monitoring of temperature
and dissolved oxygen in tanks and computer feeding robot system for automatic distribution
of artificial feed for carp larvae. All these facilities are prerequisites for high rate of larval
hatching, good development and growth of larvae and successful transition from the egg
yolk phase to the first exogenous feed in the form of live food organisms and later on to
artificial feeds. Due to an immature alimentary tract, carp larvae are especially sensitive to
first feeding. The introduction of live feed, primarily Artemia (brine shrimp) produced indoors
and wild zooplankton obtained from outdoor ponds provides them with a high quality diet
and increases the acceptance of artificial feed.
Through the ROSA project we have achieved promising results in carp larviculture by
overcoming some of the most critical points in larvae production such as high mortality,
larval deformities and transition to formulated diets.
Keywords: carp larvae production, semi-intensive fish farming, project ROSA
56
Posters
RASPBERRY WINE FERMENTATION BY DIFFERENT BIOCATALYSTS:
IMMOBILIZED AND SUSPENDED YEAST CELLS
Đorđević Radovan1, Nikićević Ninoslav1, Lević Steva1, Kalušević Ana1,
Gibson Brian2, Čadež Neža3, Nedović Viktor1
1
2
VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland
3
Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
In the past few decades there has been increased interest in using of immobilized yeast
cells in fermentation due to attractive technical and economic advantages compared to the
conventional free cells system. The purpose of using such technique is to improve
fermentation efficiency, alcohol productivity and overall product aroma, taste and quality.
This study was performed in order to explore the differences in fermentative behavior of
different yeast strains and differences in composition and sensory properties between
samples of raspberry wine fermented with immobilized and suspended yeast cells.
Fermentations were carried out at the same conditions by immobilized and suspended
Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Lachancea thermotolerans yeasts strains isolated from
raspberry juice and with two commercial yeast strains (S. cerevisiae bayanus EC 1118 and
S. cerevisiae cerevisiae RC 212). At certain intervals during the whole process of
fermentation, sampling was performed. One part of samples taken was subjected to GCxGC
TOF-MS analysis of aroma compounds and the second part was used for HPLC analysis
and monitoring of sugar utilization and ethanol production. All samples fermented with
immobilized yeast cells had shorter lag phase and faster utilization of sugars and ethanol
production than those fermented with suspended cells. Better ratio of alcohol/esters was
observed in all samples fermented with immobilized yeast cells in comparison with samples
fermented with suspended yeast cells. However, a higher amount of ethanol was detected in
samples fermented with suspended than with immobilized cells. In samples fermented with
yeast cells, immobilized and suspended, isolated from raspberry juice, significantly higher
amounts of volatile acids were detected than in samples fermented with commercial yeast
strains. Samples of raspberry wines obtained by fermentation with immobilized yeast cells
prove to be superior in quality to those fermented with suspended yeast cells.
Keywords: immobilization, yeast, fermentation, raspberry wine
57
Posters
EVALUATION OF THE CONTRIBUTION OF AGRICULTURAL
ENTERPRISES TO THE ECONOMIC GROWTH OF THE REPUBLIC OF
SERBIA: ANALYSIS OF BUSINESS PERFORMANCE
ON A RANDOMLY SELECTED SAMPLE
Đuričin Sonja
Institute of Economic Sciences, Belgrade, Serbia
The data obtained in this paper represents one of the results of bilateral research project
„Agricultural, Natural Resources and Economic Growth: Implications for Rural Development
Policy in Serbia and Portugal” between the Institute of Economic Sciences (IES) from
Belgrade and the Group for Monetary and Financial Studies (GEMF) from Coimbra,
Portugal. The project was funded by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and
Technology and the Serbian Ministry of Science and lasted from July 2011 to December
2012. In this paper, the significance and contribution of agriculture in the overall economic
development of the Republic of Serbia has been assessed through its share in the gross
domestic product (GDP), exports and employment. The research results indicate that
inefficient, unprofitable and insolvent operation of agricultural enterprises threatens the
development of the agricultural sector and reduces its contribution to economic growth and
development. By implementing the reform of the agricultural sector, better conditions would
be created for survival, growth and development of agricultural enterprises which are,
according to the results of the research, in a very bad position. If the Serbian agriculture with
poor efficiency of business operation accounts for on average 8.68% of total GDP, 22% of
total employment and together with food industry for 19.26% of total exports, than it is clear
that minimal efforts and investments would lead to the sector's much higher contribution to
the overall economic growth of the country.
Keywords: agricultural production, agricultural enterprises, financial performance of
enterprises, economic growth
58
Posters
INFLUENCE OF SHADING NET ON POLYPHENOL PROFILE IN
DIFFERENT VARIETIES OF BLACK CURRANT BERRIES
Đurović Dejan1, Đorđević Boban1, Šavikin Katarina2, Veberič Robert3
1
Institute for Medicinal Plants Research “Dr Josif Pančić”, Belgrade, Serbia
3
Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
2
Changes of environmental factors, created under the influence of various shading nets,
could significantly affect some pomological and organoleptic characteristics of plants grown
in such conditions as well asbiosynthesis of phenolic compounds. Plants in such
environment are exposed to different growing conditions in comparison with plants growing
without nets, particularly with regard to the intensity of sunlight. The effect of light on plant
development is complex, involving the combined effects of several photoreceptor systems.
Due to the great commercial, nutritional and medicinal values of black currants and also the
lack of the data about the effects of shading nets in currant cultivation, the aim of our study
was to determine the influence of changed environmental conditions caused by the use of
green shading nets on the biosynthesis of phenolic compounds of different black currant
varieties. This research was included in the topic “Investigation of biological active
compounds as a source of antioxidative activity in the fruits of apple and black currant” in
Serbia – Slovenia science and technologal cooperation. The expertise was built on
collaborations between the University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, Institute for
Medicinal Plants Research “Dr Josif Pančić” and the University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical
Faculty. Five black currant cultivars Ben Sarek, Ben Nevis, Ben Lomond, Ometa and
Čačanska crna were cultivated either in the shade of green polyethylene nets or were
exposed to direct sunlight. All berries in the control treatment (without shading nets)
contained higher amounts of total phenolics. Similar but less expressed trend was noticed
regarding anthocyanins content. Growing in shade generally led to a lower content of
flavonoid, phenolic acid and anthocyanin compounds. The new knowledge and expertise
were used for both practical application and improvement of crop stress physiology research
at the Faculty of Agriculture.
Keywords: black currant, shading nets, polyphenol profile
59
Posters
MICROSPOROGENESIS AND MEIOTIC ABNORMALITIES IN DIFFERENT
OBLAČINSKA SOUR CHERRY (Prunus cerasus L.) CLONES
Fotirić-Akšić Milica1, Cerović Radosav2, Ercişli Sezai3
1
Innovation Centre of the Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy,
3
Department of Horticulture, Agricultural Faculty, Ataturk University,
Erzurum, Turkey
2
email: [email protected]
Studies in the field of fruit tree reproduction are an important basis for the breeding
programs, genetic and biotechnological research. The two most important characteristics of
sexuality are genetic variability, through sexual fusion of gametes, chromosome
segregation, allele recombination and gene migration, so successful mutations can spread
within and between populations. The Oblačinska sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) is an
autochthonous and heterogeneous sour cherry, which is the most planted sour cherry
cultivar in Serbian commercial orchards. Overall viewpoint of the Oblačinska sour cherry is
that this cultivar is self-pollinated, and thus can be grown in mono-cultivar orchards.
However, since it is a mixture of different clones, not all behave in the same way. Owing to
its hybrid origin (sour cherry is segmental alotetraploid of Prunus avium x Prunus fruticosus),
it is characterized by irregular meiosis. After five years of diverse accession investigation,
we selected four genotypes according to their fruit set and yields that were used as a
material in this study. Genotypes II/2 and III/9 were distinguished by high fruit set and high
yields; while genotypes XI/3 and XIII/1 showed low values of fruit set and yield. Twigs
bearing flower buds were collected from Oblačinska sour cherry trees at the Radmilovac
Experimental Station, which belongs to the Faculty of Agriculture of the University of
Belgrade, for two consecutive years. In this study, all Oblačinska sour cherry clones
displayed varying degrees of chromosomal abnormalities present in all the phases of
division. The abnormalities became evident from late pachytene where the bivalents are
quite well separated from each other and can often be fully traced. Actually, more than half
of pollen mother cells (PMC) showed abnormal conjugation of chromosomes in metaphase
I. The lowest number of PMCs with laggards was noticed in clone III/9 (41.01%) and the
highest in clone XIII/1 (57.75%). In the second division, the univalent and multivalent
association was observed at metaphase-II, the lagging and stickiness in anaphase-II, and
the phenomenon persisted up to the microspore stage. Completely unusual behavior of
PMCs in all clones, but in different percentages, in the form of cytomixis phenomena was
determined only in the second year of our study. Cytomixis or chromatin migration between
meiocytes through citoplasmatic channels or direct adhesion is very well established
phenomenon that is generally associated with herbaceous and monocotyledonous plants,
and far less with woody plants. This phenomenon affects the formation of PMC with an
abnormal number of chromosomes or abnormal microspores, pollen sterility, chromosome
lagging, and the formation of syncites, but also modifies the reproductive system of the
species. In our study, cytomixis is equally frequent in all stages of meiosis. Syncites that
were created in this study at all stages of meiosis were most often built of 2-3 PMCs and
showed a common cytoplasm, while nuclear fusion was occasionally observed. Most likely
there was just an exchange of cytoplasmic genetic material, and rare complete genome
fusion.
Keywords: microsporogenesis, meiosis, cytomixis, chromosomes, sour
60
Posters
APPLICATION OF GIS TECHNOLOGY IN
HYDROLOGY AND AGRICULTURE
Gregorić Enike, Matović Gordana
Modern agriculture increasingly relies on the latest information technologies such as GIS
(Geographic Information System) coupled with GPS (Global Positioning System), which
considerably enhances crop and soil monitoring, spatial planning and mapping of farmland
(including plots, access roads, irrigation/drainage canals, locations of pumping stations and
pollution sources, etc.). The data collected applying this technology can be used to
maximize the utilization of natural resources, optimize agrotechnical measures and improve
crop selection, all of which help increase yields and profits and contribute to environmental
protection. An additional advantage is the ability to assess and optimize the use of water
resources in agriculture, faced with increasing irrigation water shortages as a result of
climate change. In Serbia, the application of GIS and GPS technologies is still not
widespread. The collaboration between the University of Belgrade/Faculty of Agriculture and
Newcastle University (UK), within the scope of the international project WATERWEB, has
helped advance the use of GIS tools at the former institution. ESRI ArcView licenses were
purchased through the project, allowing for new knowledge to be used in practical
applications and research conducted as part of doctoral studies and two national projects. In
one of the national projects, GIS technology was applied to quantify and analyze data on the
hydrological status and level of pollution of irrigation canals in southeastern Srem, and
assess the potential for their future use for irrigation. GIS enabled spatial and temporal
integration of all relevant information (characteristics and locations of canals and
meteorological, climate, hydrological, chemical and microbiological data). The integrated
results and maps can be easily updated, which is especially important for current and future
users of the canals. The outcomes of the project “GIS database and maps of southeastern
Srem” can be used by agricultural organizations and individual farmers who own irrigation
systems but use them scantily or not at all. A brochure was produced to promote GIS,
especially its application in hydrology and agriculture. Three years ago, the newly acquired
knowledge and expertise resulted in the addition of a new master’s course “GIS Application
in Irrigation and Drainage” at the University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture.
Keywords: GIS, hydrology
61
Posters
FLOWERING AND FLOWER MORPHOLOGY IN DIFFERENT
OBLAČINSKA SOUR CHERRY (Prunus cerasus L.) CLONES
Guffa Basem1,2, Alrgei Hassan1,2, Fotirić-Akšić Milica2,
Nikolić Dragan2, Rakonjac Vera2
1
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Agricultural Sciences,
University of Azzawiya, Al Ojailat, Libya
2
email: [email protected]
It is known that blooming is the most important process in plant development. The yield and
fruit quality depend on blooming course conditions, especially on the pollination and
fertilization of flowers. Flower morphology that enables the correct process of pollination is
one of the most important factors in fruit setting. Sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) is an
allotetraploid species, originating from a natural hybridization between sweet cherry (P.
avium L.) and ground cherry (P. fruticosa Pall.). Oblačinska sour cherry, an autochthonous
cultivar, is the most widely growncultivar in Serbian commercial orchards. Due to its long
cultivation in different agro-ecological conditions and different propagation types (both by
suckers and by seeds), it is a mixture of different clones. The enhancement and utilization of
native cultivars require a detailed knowledge regarding the morphological characterization of
germplasm accessions. Because of that, the aim of this study was to examine flower
morphology and observe process of flowering in different Oblačinska sour cherry clones.
The experiment was carried out at the Radmilovac Experimental Station, which belongs to
the Faculty of Agriculture of the University of Belgrade.
Clone V/P showed the earliest flowering, followed by clones II/2 and II/10 and the latest
clones were I/1 and VIII/1.The difference in flowering time was almost 4-5 days which favors
genotypes with late bloom that can avoid late spring frost. Open flower diameter ranged
from 22.3 mm (I/1) to 27.8 mm (V/P). Generally, clone V/P showed the highest values for
almost all flower traits (sepals and petals length and width, number of stamens and
peduncle length) examined in this study. Also, petal length/width ratio was the highest
(2.74), which implies very elongated petals, almost lanceolate. But on the contrary, in this
particular clone, sepal length/width ratio shows the lowest values (1.05) indicating almost
round sepals. The longest stamens and pistil were recorded in clone IV/1 (11.13 and 10.20
mm respectively). Obtained results revealed an obvious variation regarding flowering and
flower morphology and further selection will consider clones that flower as late as possible
and have large flowers.
Keywords: Oblacinska sour cherry, clone, flower, bloom, breeding
62
Posters
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF INNOVATIVE DIAGNOSTIC
TOOLS FOR DETECTION OF Erwinia amylovora
IN PLANT MATERIAL
Ivanović Milan1, Kuzmanović Nemanja1, Gašić Katarina2,
Prokić Anđelka1, Obradović Aleksa1
1
Department of Plant Pathology, Institute for Plant Protection and Environment,
Belgrade, Serbia
2
Gram negative bacterium Erwinia amylovora causes fire blight, a devastating disease of
pear and apple, and several other species of the Rosaceae family. This pathogen moves
from one geographic area to another via contaminated plants, and in the last 20 years has
rapidly spread over many countries. Therefore, standardized diagnostic schemes are
required for accurate and rapid detection for the presence of E. amylovora in plant material.
In the frame of EUPHRESCO ErwinDect project and the International Plant Protection
Convention (IPPC) a Ring test was organized in 2010 with the participation of fourteen
laboratories from ten countries and four continents. Spiked and blind samples with different
levels of E. amylovora contamination were analyzed by conventional, serological and
molecular techniques. In addition to enrichment and isolation techniques, four conventional
PCR and one real-time PCR protocol with three extraction methods, one ELISA-based and
two serological kits were evaluated. For each method, the analytical sensitivity, specificity
and accuracy were calculated.
Selective CCT medium was the most suitable for E. amylovora isolation from plant material.
Real-time PCR has proven to be the most sensitive method for detection of E. amylovora in
plant material. It was 10 times more sensitive than Nested PCR and 100 times more
sensitive compared to two other conventional PCR procedures. Also, extraction procedures
were efficient in removing inhibitors, enabling detection of E. amylovora in low
concentrations in plant material. DASI-ELISA following enrichment step also showed high
sensitivity, unlike two tested commercial serological kits.
New diagnostic protocol offers specific and sensitive detection of E. amylovora in plant
material with or without visible fire blight symptoms, recommending a combination of
different methods for maximum accuracy. New skills and expertise from this collaboration
were applied to research of one national project (III46008) and one PhD thesis, as well as in
several publications.
Keywords: detection, Erwinia amylovora, plant material, diagnostics
63
Posters
XYLEM ANATOMY AND STEM HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY
IN WHEAT
Jansen Steven1, Bouche Pauline1, Morris Hugh1, Rančić Dragana2,
Pećinar Ilinka2, Pekić Quarrie Sofija2
1
Institute for Systematic Botany and Ecology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
2
The function of xylem tissue is to transport water, soluble nutrients, hormones, and other
small molecules from the roots to the above-ground parts of the plant. Since water flow in
the xylem is driven by transpiration, it is controlled by the opening and closing of stomata in
response to environment conditions. Therefore, water transport is tightly connected with the
photosynthetic productivity of a plant, its growth, and the grain yield in crops such as wheat
(Triticum aestivum). Hence, hydraulic properties of the xylem tissue could provide useful
information about the adaptability of a plant to environmental conditions such as water
deficit. It is known that drought decreases hydraulic conductivity of the xylem tissue due to
induction of embolism or reduction in xylem vessel diameter.
The aim of the bilateral project entitled “Xylem analysis in crop plants under drought” (No
451-03-03159/2012-09/6) from the project cycle 2013-2014, financed by the Republic of
Serbia and the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD), was to stimulate collaboration
between Ulm University and Belgrade University and to develop complementary approaches
for assessing the effects of drought on xylem development in crop plants. Previous research
performed at the Laboratory for Functional Crop Anatomy at the Faculty of Agriculture was
focused on xylem functionality by applying xylem tracers and indirect estimation of xylem
hydraulic conductance. The laboratory of Prof. Steven Jansen in Ulm is well equipped with
instruments for direct measurements of hydraulic conductivity and embolism, with a main
focus on non-economic, temperate and tropical plants. This project enabled the German
partners to broaden their measurements on the effects of drought stress on xylem properties
to crop plants, while the practical benefits for the Serbian partners were the introduction to
novel methods for directly measuring hydraulic conductivity. Young Serbian researchers
learned in Ulm the construction and use of a Sperry apparatus, as well as a technique for
estimating vessel length by silicone injection. PhD students from Germany learned how to
use the eosin method for determining the amount of functional xylem. The gained expertise
allowed successful research.
From a scientific point of view, we could confirm the hypothesis that various xylem
anatomical parameters were significantly correlated with yield parameters. Moreover, these
anatomical features can be used as selection criteria for identifying the most productive
genotypes under climate change conditions. The gained expertise was also successfully
applied for the investigation in the national research project (TR 31005).
Keywords: drought, Triticum, xylem, joint research
64
Posters
SIGNIFICANCE OF MICROBIAL QUALITY OF WATER THAT CAN BE
POTENTIALLY USED FOR CROP IRRIGATION
Jovičić Petrović Jelena, Kljujev Igor, Lalević Blažo, Radić Danka,
Spasojević Ivana, Raičević Vera
Utilization of poor quality water in agriculture presents potential health risk, especially
through the irrigation of fruits and vegetables that are consumed fresh. There are no
standards for micriobial quality of irrigation water in Serbia. Examination of the presence od
total and faecal coliform bacteria in the irrigation water on Radmilovac, experimental field of
the Faculty of Agriculture, started within EU FP6 project WATER WEB. The occurrence of
microbial contamination indicators was followed in the stream and two wells in Radmilovac.
Through the WATER WEB project, analysis of microbial quality of irrigation water at the
Faculty’s experimental field was performed for the first time. During the WATER WEB
project, cooperation with Lancaster University has been estabilished. Trainings in the
Lancaster University enabled the acquisition of expertise for monitoring the microbial quality
of irrigation water. Importance of the project is reflected in two graduate theses and
preliminary research for one doctoral dissertation arising from the study. Results obtained
within the Project indicated the significant risk of micriobiological contamination of patogenic
microorganisms. Presence of coliform and faceal coliform bacteria was higher than allowed
according to the „Guidelines for Water Reuse’’ (U.S. E.P.A.). In addition to the presence of
significant number of coliform bacteria, several pathogenic species were identified in
irrigation water: Escherichia coli, Citrobacter freundii, Klebsiella pneumonia, Salmonella
spp., Shigella spp., Aeromonas hydrophila and Enterobacter spp. Results indicate the
importance of standard implementation in microbial quality of irrigation water in legislation of
Serbia and contribute to the assesment of the microbiological contamination risks and
prevention measures in food chain.
Keywords: irrigation water, coliform bacteria, microbiological contamination, food chain
65
Posters
ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIPROLIFERATIVE ACTIVITIES OF WILD
EDIBLE MUSHROOM Grifola frondosa
Klaus Anita1, Kozarski Maja1, Vunduk Jovana1, Žižak Željko2, Nikšić Miomir1
1
Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
2
e-mail [email protected]
Grifola frondosa has long been known and respected as a medically important fungus. The
fruit body as well as liquid-cultured mycelium of this mushroom contain anti-tumor
polysaccharides which have been identified as many types of glucans (e.g., β-1,6 and β1,3). Polysaccharides obtained from G. frondosa have also demonstrated biological
activities like anti-hypertensive, anti-diabetic, anti-hyperliposis, as well as antiviral and
antibacterial potential.
The aims of this study were a) to determine the antibacterial ability of partially purified
polysaccharides (FP) and hot alkali extracted polysaccharides (FNa) obtained from G.
frondosa against selected foodborne Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria
by microdilution and macrodilution assays; b) to determine their cytotoxic effect on malignant
human breast cancer MDA-MB-453, cervical adenocarcinoma HeLa and myelogenous
leukemia K562 cells. Antiproliferative activity of investigated compounds was assessed,
measuring cell survival in standard, 72 h, by MTT test.
In general, Gram-positive bacterial strains were more susceptible to the tested extracts than
Gram-negative. FNa possessed higher activity than FP (MIC - 0.0195 - 2.5 mg/ml and 0.039
- 5.0 mg/ml, respectively). The highest antibacterial potential of FNa and FP was achieved
against B. cereus (MIC - 0.0195 and 0.039 mg/ml; MBC - 0.039 and 0.078 mg/ml). Also,
bactericidal potential of FNa and FP was observed after 9 h and 24 h of exposure,
respectively. Extracts derived from G. frondosa displayed moderate cytotoxic activity and a
dose dependent antiproliferative action towards all investigated tumor cell lines. The most
cytotoxic effect showed FP extract (IC 50 =2.45 mg/ml for HeLa cells).
These results indicate that FP and FNa possess promising potential to inhibit some Grampositive bacteria, especially B. cereus, which can be very useful in case of antibioticresistant strains. Some compounds of extracts from G. frondosa could be promising agents
for the treatment of human tumors and are candidates for further analyses on experimental
animals, in vivo.
Keywords: Grifola frondosa, antibacterial, antiproliferative, polysaccharides
66
Posters
CONTAMINATION AND COLONIZATION OF VEGETABLES BY
PATHOGENIC BACTERIA FROM IRRIGATION WATER
Kljujev Igor1, Jovičić Petrović Jelena1, Karličić Vera1,
Kiković Dragan2, Raičević Vera1
1
2
Faculty of Natural Sciences, Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia
Clean water has become one of the main limiting factors in agricultural food production in
Europe, especially for countries around the Mediterranean, which are now facing more
severe and frequent seasonal water shortages. Irrigation with poor-quality water is one way
that fruit and vegetables can become contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms. The
risk of disease transmission from pathogenic microorganisms present in irrigation water is
influenced by the level of contamination, the persistence of pathogens in water, in soil, and
on crops; and the route of exposure. The preliminary results obtained within EU FP6 project
WATER WEB, dedicated further research that was continued within CROPWAT and SAFIR
projects. Performed research has enabled insight into effects of the low microbial quality of
irrigation water on contamination of fruits and vegetables. In addition to fruits and vegetables
that are consumed fresh, microbial quality of potato was tested. Potato is grown on large
areas and its processing into different products carries the risk of cross contamination.
During the each of the three years of research, coliform bacteria were detected in potato and
4
maximal contamination level was 4.20 x 10 CFU/g. The presence of Escherichia coli 2 and
E. vulneris on potato tubers was detected. An important outcome of the projects is
cooperation that has been estabilished with German Research Center for Environmental
Health, Helmholtz. During the colaboration within the projects, new methods for the
detection of microbial quality idicators were implemented (fluorescent in situ hibridization,
FISH, and confocal microscopy). Results confirmed that plants irrigated with
microbiologically contaminated water were colonized by pathogenic bacteria. Obtained
results enabled further colaboration which resulted in the publication: Food safety
management, a practical guide for food industry, 2014., ELSEVIER. Project set the base for
research which was continued during one national project financed by the Ministry of
Education, Science and Technological Development, Serbia. FISH and confocal microscopy
will be implemented for the study of colonization of plant growth promoting bacteria.
Keywords: potato, FISH, pathogenic bacteria, irrigation water, colonization
67
Posters
DEFICIT IRRIGATION METHOD AND GRAPEVINE
REDUCING WATER USE
Marković Nebojša, Pržić Zoran, Stikić Radmila
Drought is one of the most common environmental stresses that may limit agricultural
production worldwide and therefore, irrigation is necessary for achievement of high and
good quality yield. Many studies have demonstrated that regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) is
irrigation strategy that tends to decrease agricultural use of water. RDI is a method that
irrigates the entire root zone with an amount of water less than the potential
evapotranspiration during whole or specific periods of the grapevine cycle. RDI can also
reduce yield and for optimal application of RDI, plant and soil water status must be
monitored in order to maintain plant water regime within the certain degree of water stress
that could not limit yield. This is the major difficulty when RDI is applied in the field
conditions. However, if RDI is managed carefully, the negative impact on yield could be
avoided, WUE increased and farmer’s profit maintained or even increased.
Regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) is a water-saving irrigation method that is now undergoing
extensive trials worldwide but is novel for Serbia and other countries of South East
European region. In order to assess the possible application of RDI method in climate
conditions of South East European region, the experiments were carried out in vineyard
(variety Riesling) and RDI plants received ca. 60% of the water that was applied to fully
irrigated (FI) plants. Thus, the significant amount of water for irrigation was saved. Data
concerning yield and the soluble solids in the berries did not show significant differences
between RDI and FI plants, while the titrable acidity and antioxidant activity in the berries
and IWUE were significantly increased under RDI. Economic analyses were also done to
assess the effect of RDI on profit of grape production.
Keywords: RDI, grapevine, yield, IWUE, profit
68
Posters
IMPACT OF THE “ROSA” PROJECT ON IMPROVEMENT OF MATERIAL
AND HUMAN RESOURCES IN THE AREA OF AQUACULTURE AT THE
FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE, UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE
Marković Zoran, Rašković Božidar, Dulić Zorka, Stanković Marko, Spasić Milan,
Vukojević Dalibor, Relić Renata, Poleksić Vesna
Project “Reinforcement of Sustainable Aquaculture” (Acronym: ROSA) was realized from
February 1, 2008 to January 31, 2011, under the EU call – Coordination and support actions
- FP7 REGPOT-2007-3. Project coordinating institution was the Faculty of Agriculture,
University of Belgrade, Serbia. Partner institutions were the Institute Nofima, Norway and
the Research Institute for Fisheries, Aquaculture and Irrigation, HAKI, Hungary. The main
concept of the Project was the reinforcement of the S&T capacities in aquaculture in the
Western Balkans (WB). This was achieved through: support to improvement of carp
breeding technology and reduction of environmental pollution of fish ponds. This concept
was reached by upgrading both human and material resources for research in sustainable
fish production. The objectives of ROSA were: 1) support for research towards improvement
of production results in breeding of carp, the species mostly cultured in Serbia, WB
countries, and several countries of the EU; 2) transfer of the results obtained from
laboratory and field research experiments to carp farms in Serbia and WB; 3) reinforcement
and improvement of the existing collaboration with EU and WB partners through existing
international and national research and other projects; 4) reinforcement of human and
material capacities, increase of mobility and establishment of network. The ROSA project
was implemented through 5 workpackages: WP 1 - Project management and coordination,
WP 2 - Human resource reinforcement, WP 3 - Reinforcement of material resources, WP 4 Reinforcement of knowledge in aquaculture, and WP 5 - Promotion and Dissemination.
By realizing the ROSA project, an important upgrading of material resources has been
carried out contributing to the research work in the field of aquaculture at the Faculty of
Agriculture, primarily selective breeding and nutrition. In addition, a new laboratory for
monitoring water quality for fishery and applied hydrobiology was established.
During the realization of ROSA and Biotechnology projects, founded by the Serbian Ministry
for Science and Education, both human and material resources in the area of aquaculture at
the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade were reinforced substantially: four young
scientists, PhD students have completed and defended their PhD theses, 3 of them (Renata
Relić, Božidar Rašković and Marko Stanković) were promoted/appointed to Assistant
professors at the faculty, and Miloš Ćirić was employed at the Institute for Chemistry,
Technology and Metallurgy. The number of the papers published in peer reviewed
international scientific journals of the participants of the ROSA project has increased from 4
publications to 9 in the three-year period, and 11 in the next 3 year period (after the end of
the project).
Finally, members of the aquaculture team have been successful in applying for two
European projects: one is “Advancing research in agricultural and food sciences at Faculty
of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, AREA” (FP7 – REGPOT-2012-2013-1) and the other
is a TEMPUS project “Building capacity of Serbian Agricultural Education to link with
Society, CaSA” (544072-TEMPUS-1-2013-1-RS-TEMPUS-SMHES) coordinated by Prof.
Vesna Poleksić, member of the research team for fishery and applied hydrobiology.
Keywords: Project ROSA, improvement of capacities, aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture
69
Posters
TESTING OF THE SALTMED MODEL IN SERBIA
Matović Gordana1, Ragab Ragab2, Blyth Ken2, Gregorić Enike1
1
2
Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, CEH, Wallingford, UK
Contemporary approaches to comprehensive plant production management and dealing
with drought issues and uncertainties inherent in crop choices and the selection of irrigation
treatments require the use of computer models. A large number of crop models are wellknown worldwide; they can be very useful tools for simulating the effectiveness of different
agrotechnical measures from a plant productivity perspective. In Serbia, only a small
number of researchers conduct computer-model-aided assessments of agricultural
production, while the use of crop models in day-to-day agriculture is negligible. Owing to the
collaboration between the University of Belgrade/Faculty of Agriculture (UBFA) and EU
research groups in two EU FP6 projects (SAFIR and CROPWAT), agricultural circles in
Serbia have been familiarized with one of the universal models – SALTMED, which was
designed to address all irrigation methods and systems, all stratigraphic soil types, and a
large number of herbaceous and ligneous plants. UBFA researchers visited the Centre for
Ecology & Hydrology in Wallingford, UK and worked directly with the author and model
developers to calibrate and validate the SALTMED model using experimental data from
Serbia. The experimental data reflected the outcomes under the SAFIR project; the data
were collected from a test field in Surčin (2006-2008), where potatoes were grown applying
different irrigation treatments. The SALTMED model was calibrated and then validated for
the following parameters: estimated increase in tuber dry mass, estimated increase in total
dry biomass, and estimated dry mass of final tuber yield. Statistical analysis demonstrated a
good match of all simulated and measured parameters, for each irrigation treatment. The
best match was achieved for the rate of increase in tuber dry mass, given that calibration
focused on that parameter. The success of this calibration and validation effort has enabled
the use of the calibrated SALTMED model for assessing potato dry mass yields and
optimizing irrigation treatments under the agro-ecological conditions prevalent in the
Belgrade region. The results of SALTMED model calibration and validation constitute a
significant portion of the doctoral thesis of one of the researchers involved in the EU projects
SAFIR and CROPWAT.
Keywords: SALTMED, potato, calibration, validation, tuber dry mass, total dry biomass,
dry mass of final tuber yield
70
Posters
USE OF FLUORESCENSCE MICROSCOPY IN STUDYING OF SEXUAL
INCOMPATIBILITY IN Rosaceae FRUIT TREE SPECIES
Milatović Dragan1, Nikolić Dragan1, Fotirić-Akšić Milica1,
Radović Aleksandar1, Krška Boris2
1
Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University in Brno, Lednice, Czech Republic
2
Self-incompatibility is an evolutionary strategy in flowering plants to prevent self-fertilisation
and to promote out-crossing. Fruit tree species of the Rosaceae family exhibit gametophytic
incompatibility system, which is controlled by a single, polymorphic locus with multiple
alleles (S-alleles). Self-incompatibility alleles stop the pollen tube growth if the same allele is
present in the pollen grain and in the pistil.
Self-(in)compatibility is traditionally determined by monitoring fruit set after controlled
pollination under field conditions. The disadvantage of this method is that fruit set varies
from year-to-year, depending on weather conditions. The other method used is the
observation of pollen tube growth in the style by fluorescence microscopy. After staining with
the fluorochrome aniline blue, examination under the fluorescence microscope clearly
showed pollen tube growth in the style and ovary.
Fluorescence microscopy provides a relatively rapid and reliable method to determine selfincompatibility in fruit tree species. In self-compatible cultivars, in the majority of pistils, the
pollen tubes reached the ovary, and often the ovule as well. In contrast, in self-incompatible
cultivars, pollen tubes stopped their growth in the style, with plugs formed at their tips due to
the deposition of callose (β-1,3-glucan).
In the laboratory for microscopy at the Faculty of Agriculture we commonly used
fluorescence microscopy in studying of incompatibility in different Rosaceae fruit tree
species: apricots, plums, cherries and quinces.
Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) cultivars of the European eco-geographical group are
traditionally considered self-compatible. However, we found many self-incompatible
cultivars, especially those originating from new North American and West European
breeding programmes. In the last few years, we have done testing of self-compatibility of
120 apricot cultivars. Of studied cultivars, a half of them(60 cultivars) were self-incompatible.
We also studied cross-incompatibility in 8 apricot cultivars using the method of fluorescence
microscopy. Three inter-incompatibility groups of cultivars were found, of which two had not
been described previously.
Self-compatibility in 39 European plum (Prunus domestica L.) cultivars was examined by
observing pollen tube growth in the style. Of the studied cultivars, 24 cultivars were found to
be self-compatible, while 15 cultivars were found to be self-incompatible.
Sour cherries (Prunus cerasus L.), particularly ‘Oblačinska’ cultivar, are considered to be
self-compatible. However, when examining four ‘Oblačinska’ sour cherry clones by
fluorescence microscopy, it has been shown that pollen tube growth efficiency was much
better in open pollination comparing to self-pollination. In both types of pollination, typical
signs of incompatibility were observed in the style. Additionally, the specific growth of pollen
tubes (mostly multiple loops) was noticed in the ovary tissues.
In eight varieties of quince (Cydonia oblonga Mill.), the dynamics of pollen tube growth in the
pistil were studied in variants of self-pollination and open pollination. Among studied
cultivars, two proved to be self-compatible (‘Vranjska’ and ‘Leskovačka’), while other
cultivars were self-incompatible. In self-compatible combinations, the penetration of pollen
tubes in the ovary was noticed two days after pollination. The largest number of pistils with
penetration of pollen tubes in the nucelus was observed six days after pollination.
Keywords: self-incompatibility, fluorescence microscopy, pollen tube growth, fruit tree crops
71
Posters
QUINOA – A NEW HIGH QUALITY FOOD COMPONENT
Milovanović Mirjana1, Demin Mirjana1, Vucelić-Radović Biljana1, Banjac Nebojša1,
Stikić Radmila1, Jovanović Zorica1, Jacobsen Sven-Erik2
1
Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Taastrup, Denmark
2
Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is a pseudocereal plant native to the Andean regions
of South America. Nowadays, quinoa has been recognized for its nutritional benefits all over
the world. Recently, attention has been given to quinoa for people with celiac disease
(intolerance to gluten), as an alternative to the cereals – wheat, rye and barley, which all
contain gluten.
Quinoa was successfully grown in typical agro-climatic conditions of Serbia. Amino acid and
mineral composition revealed the potential of quinoa seeds as a valuable ingredient in the
preparation of highly nutritious food products. In our experiment, the protein quality and
content of quinoa seeds were higher than in wheat or other cereals. Quinoa contains
relatively high quantities of vitamins (thiamin, vitamin C). Quinoa is a crop of many potential
uses. The seeds can be boiled like rice and used as a hot breakfast cereals, or used to
thicken soups or as a porridge. The seeds can be popped like popcorn or ground and used
as flour. Quinoa flour can be mixed with maize or wheat flour into bread, noodles, pasta and
sweet biscuits. The undertaken study on the new form of quinoa presentation such as bread
supplemented with quinoa seeds could enable the development of a range of new baking
products with enhanced nutritive value. In all investigated cases, products were of excellent
quality, with good physical, sensorial and nutritional qualities.
The expertise built on collaborations between the Faculty of Agriculture and EU research
groups in 2 EU FP6 projects (WATERWEB and CROPWAT) allowed the introduction of
quinoa as a novel crop in agricultural and food technological research in Serbia. The new
knowledge and expertise were implemented in the research of 2 national projects.
Keywords: quinoa, nutrition quality, seed supplemented breads
72
Posters
POTENTIAL USAGE OF RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY FOR
STUDYING DIFFERENT DAIRY PRODUCTS
Nedeljković Aleksandar1, Rösch Petra2, Popp Jürgen2,3, Miočinović Jelena1,
Radovanović Mira1, Puđa Predrag1
1
Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics,
Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
3
Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany
2
e-mail: a.nedeljković@agrif.bg.ac.rs
Raman spectroscopy, vibrational spectroscopic technique based on inelastic light scattering,
provides qualitative and quantitative information about many different types of samples and
has therefore been applied in various research fields. In food science area, Raman
spectroscopy may be used as a tool for quality control (compositional identification or for the
detection of adulterants), as well as for basic research. Compared to IR absorption
spectroscopy, this technique is usually more suitable for the study of biological systems in
situ such as food, due to the weak Raman scattering properties of water. However,
problems arise from fluorescence, and in the case of milk and dairy products it occurs with
532-nm lasers. This drawback can be overcome by using lasers of a higher wavelength, at
the expense of lower peak intensities. With various “concentrated” milk systems (milk
powders, cheese, kajmak etc.) acquired spectra intensities are relatively higher compared to
liquid milk. Therefore, in order to analyse milk, a longer acquisition time is required. The
obtained spectra show a set of bands that are attributed to milk fats, milk proteins and
lactose.
Raman spectroscopy is still a quite unexploited technique in the field of food analysis,
therefore this technique gives a lot of opportunities for future research. At the Faculty of
Agriculture, Belgrade, Raman spectroscope was purchased within the AREA project and the
initial knowledge was built during the three-month training at the Institute of Physical
Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany. The Raman spectroscopic potential
for studying different foods, including dairy products, will be further investigated at the
Faculty of Agriculture through different projects and future PhD theses.
Keywords: Raman spectroscopy, milk, dairy products, cheese, kajmak
73
Posters
MICROENCAPSULATION OF ACTIVE COMPOUNDS
AND BIOCATALYSTS –
APPLICATION IN FOOD TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
Nedović Viktor1, Lević Steva1, Kalušević Ana1, Petrović Tanja1,
Đorđević Radovan1, Savić Milena1, Đorđević Verica2, Matijašević Danka1,
Stajić Slaviša1, Leskošek-Čukalović Ida1, Bugarski Branko2
1
Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
2
Microencapsulation is a technique for creating of layer(s) around active compounds and
biocatalysts in order to provide additional protection. The main goal of microencapsulation is
to prevent negative influences of external factors such as extreme temperature, oxygen,
toxic chemicals or mechanical influence on active compound. The protective layers are
made of natural or synthetic materials and could be created in different shapes and
dimensions using various microencapsulation techniques. The microencapsulation
techniques are based on application of physical or chemical processes for creation of
protective layers around active compounds. Some techniques such as spray drying,
electrostatic extrusion, emulsification or complex coacervation are widely used for
encapsulation in food technology, pharmacy and agriculture.
The members of IMMOBIOG group through cooperation with other national and international
institutions introduced the numerous encapsulation procedures and active compounds in
different food products and processes. These activities have been realized as parts of
several national and international projects.
The encapsulation of biocatalysts includes yeast and probiotic bacteria encapsulation using
electrostatic extrusion and spray drying for application in fermentation processes (beer and
fruit wine produced with encapsulated yeasts) or in some food products with active
ingredients (encapsulated probiotic bacteria for dairy products). Also, the applications of
microencapsulation realized by our group include encapsulation of vegetable oil as
ingredient in fermented meat products; encapsulation of flavour for additional thermal
protection; encapsulation of bioactive compounds from black soybean coat and different
herb extracts; encapsulation of natural sorbents for adsorption of heavy metals from water,
etc.
The gained knowledge and expertise of IMMOBIOG group members were implemented in
the realization of 2 national projects, several international projects and several PhD theses
(2 finished and 3 in progress).
Keywords: microencapsulation, active compounds, biocatalyst, technique
74
Posters
INTRODUCTION OF FRUIT TREES AND GRAPEVINE
AUTOCHTHONOUS CULTIVARS IN
THE NATIONAL GENE BANK OF SERBIA
Nikolić Dragan1, Fotirić-Akšić Milica1, Rakonjac Vera1, Ognjanov Vladislav2,
Lukić Milan3, Todić Slavica1, Korać Nada2
1
3
Fruit Research Institute, Čačak, Serbia
2
Old autochthonous cultivars and richness of natural populations of fruit species in the
Balkans have never been the subject of comprehensive research. Today, the question of
their preservation is particularly interesting because during the development of plant
production and agricultural modernization, many local populations have disappeared or
been reduced to a small number of biotypes. Introduction of high-quality cultivars also
completely stopped growing local biotypes. Many varieties with characteristics of the huge
genetic and breeding values are gone forever and will disappear without any possibility of
their return. However, in the less urban and less agricultural and developed areas this
wealth is much better preserved. Taking all this into account within SEEDNet project "South
East European Development Network on Plant Genetic Resources" supported by the
Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Management, Department of Genetic Resources
and GMO, the Swedish International Development Cooperation and the Nordic Gene Bank,
three research institutions from Serbia (Faculty of Agriculture in Belgrade, Faculty of
Agriculture in Novi Sad and Fruit Research Institute in Čačak) were involved in the work on
collecting the genetic resources of fruit trees and grapevine. The work was carried out within
the framework of national activities on sustainable conservation and utilization of genetic
resources of the genus Malus sp., Prunus domestica, Pyrus sp., Prunus persica and Vitis
vinifera. The inventory of genetic resources, in collaboration with colleagues from other
countries made the descriptor with special attention devoted to defining the mandate
cultivars. A database was also made where the software bases were international
descriptors that include passport data and characterization of the most important properties
in numerical form so the data could be exchanged. Thirty autochthonous cultivars of apple,
ten plum genotypes, thirty autochthonous cultivars of pear, twenty vineyard peach
genotypes and twenty autochthonous grapevine cultivars were regenerated. All of the
accessions are vegetatively propagated in fifteen plants and exchanged between three
national participants in the project.
Keywords: genetic resources, gene bank, cultivars, fruit trees, grapevine
75
Posters
APPLICATION OF SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY IN THE
EXAMINATION OF POLLEN MORPHOLOGY OF
FRUIT TREES AND GRAPEVINE
Nikolić Dragan1, Milatović Dragan1, Fotirić-Akšić Milica1, Rakonjac Vera1,
Ranković-Vasić Zorica1, Malidžan Slavojka2
1
Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro
2
Examination of pollen morphology has a great importance for taxonomy of close related
species and determination of phylogenetic relatedness among them. In addition to
distinguishing the species, pollen morphology can determine particular cultivars within a
species. The importance of pollen morphology in clarifying the classification of many plants
has been recognized from taxonomists and paleobotanists. Electron microscopy
(transmission and scanning) has provided a powerful technique for studying pollen
morphology. Since pollen has its own unique set of characteristics such as size, exine
structure, number and size of pores on the exine, these features can be taken into account
to distinguish species and cultivars. Pollen exine pattern for the different plant species is so
genetically stable that it can be used for species identification in fossil and in recent pollen.
Pollen morphological studies have also been used to determine interspecific and
intraspecific relationships between tree fruit species. At the Faculty of Agriculture in
Belgrade, using scanning electron microscopy, the morphological characteristics of pollen in
a number of cultivars of apple, quince, sweet cherry, sour cherry, apricot, walnut, almond,
citrus and grapevine were studied. Polarity, symmetry, aperturate, shape and size of pollen,
as well as characteristics of exine were determined for the tested cultivars. Small quantities
of pollen grains, after dehydration on a silica gel drier, were mounted by fine brush on
aluminium stubs covered with double-sided transparent tape. The pollen samples were
coated with a gold layer of 0.02 μm thick in a sputter coater BAL-TEC SCD 005. Thirty
pollen grains (three samples) from each cultivar at different magnification with a JEOL JSM6390LV SEM were observed and photographed. The results showed that the cultivars within
the given species did not differ in terms of descriptive characteristics of pollen. However, in
terms of metric properties of the tested cultivars significant differences for individual
properties were shown. This new knoweldge and expertise are incorporated in the research
of 2 national projects and several PhD theses (2 finished and 4 in progress).
Keywords: pollen, SEM, morphology, exine pattern, cultivars
76
Posters
GENETIC DIVERSITY OF GRAPEVINE IN SERBIA AS A NEW SOURCE
FOR THE SELECTION PROCESS
Nikolić Dragan, Ranković-Vasić Zorica, Atanacković Zoran
Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is one of the most important horticultural crops cultivated in the
world. Most of the grape production (72%) is aimed at wine making. Table grapes for fresh
consumption (27%) and raisin (1%) also represent an important part of yield in some
countries. The diversity of cultivated grapevine today has been drastically reduced owing to
a deep transformation of viticulture, accelerated by the invasion of grapevine pests and
diseases, from North America to Europe, as well as the globalization trends of wine markets.
The grapevine gene pool is particularly threatened in the marginal areas of its distribution
range. During the past 30 years, a number of genetic resources conservation activities have
been conducted in the grapevine cultivating countries. The research activities aim at
evaluating the collections as sources of variation to be introduced in commercial viticulture
as well as identifying sources of genes useful for grapevine breeding. Serbia has a long
tradition of grapevine growing for wine production, and as well as for fresh consumption. The
modern concept of grapevine selection is based on the identification and use of genotypes,
improved yield and quality of grapes, as well as resistance to disease and pests. The
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade has been working for a long time on the
creation of new grapevine cultivars. By applying different ways of crossing, 23 grapevine
cultivars have been created to this date. Out of these, 15 cultivars are intended for fresh
consumption, while 8 cultivars are for wine production. Currently, there are a large number
of hybrids from different crossing combinations in the recognition phase for new cultivars.
Intensive breeding work is also carried out using the methods of clonal selection. The old
autochthonous grapevine cultivars proved to be suitable cultivars for clonal selection. So far,
the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade recognized eight clones of Prokupac
cultivar, a large number of clones of this and other cultivars are in the testing phase. The
research of teachers and associates from the Institute of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture,
University of Belgrade, which is related to the identification and characterization of genetic
resources and new genotypes of grapevine from Serbia is included in the COST action
FA1003 "East-West Collaboration for Grapevine Diversity Exploration and Mobilization of
Adaptive Traits for Breeding". In addition, methods and techniques for phenotyping of some
basic features such as anthocyanins, tannins, aromatic compounds, sugar content and
acidity are also successfully used. Expertise and equipment obtained through international
projects (in particular through FP7 Project AREA No. 316004) enable successful research in
all these directions.
Keywords: grapevine, diversity, selection, cultivar, wine
77
Posters
BUILDING CAPACITIES FOR BIOINFORMATICS BASED RESEARCH
IN AGRICULTURAL DOMAIN IN SERBIA
Pajić Vesna, Radovanović Dragica, Dudić Dragana, Kozoderović Jelena
Bioinformatics is a multidisciplinary science rapidly developing in the past years, especially
after and due to development of high throughput sequencing techniques. In the past, the
term bioinformatics was used for any kind of information and computer science applications
in life sciences, but today this term refers to methods and techniques used for sequencing
and analyzing genomes. Depending of an object of study, there is a variety of bioinformatics
sub-fields called omics, such as genomics, metagenomics, proteomics, epigenomics etc.
The applications of these technologies are numerous, in very different sciences, from
medicine to agriculture.
Application of bioinformatics in agricultural domain and moving agricultural researches
towards bioinformatics are common today. Depending on the development level, different
countries support bioinformatics researches and integrate them into agriculture in different
ways. Swiss Institute for Bioinformatics gathers over 600 bioinformaticians in all areas of
bioinformatics, with a group from Agroscope, the Swiss Federal government agriculture,
food and environmental research organization. Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation
EMBRAPA is very active in the field of bioinformatics. There are examples of good
bioinformatics practice in our neighboring countries, such as Bulgaria and their AgroBio
Institute and Joint Genomic Center.
Although well developed in the rest of the world, usage and applications of bioinformatics
techniques are not so common in Serbia. One of the main reasons is probably the lack of
institutions that will systematically work on development of bioinformatics. As a
consequence, researchers are not properly educated in the field. Bioinformaticians should
have a strong and solid knowledge in computer science as well as in biology. Instead, the
few people that do some research in bioinformatics in Serbia are self-taught, having a
background in only one of the fields mentioned. Raising the level of agricultural research by
using bioinformatics can be done in Serbia with more collaboration between experts from
different fields through specialized labs and researches. The Center for Data Mining and
Bioinformatics is one example how this collaboration could be achieved. It has activities in
two directions: one towards mathematicians and training them how to apply methods and
tools in life sciences, and other towards agricultural scientists, providing them help and
support related to using bioinformatics in their research.
Keywords: bioinformatics, biological data, agricultural research
78
Posters
HU-SRB IPA-PHANETRI PROJECT – EXAMPLE OF
GOOD CROSS BORDER COOPERATION
Panković Dejana1,3, Danilović Gordana1,3, Vagvolgy Csaba2, Kredics László2,
Pucarević Mira1, Jovanović Ljubinko3
1
Faculty of Environmental Protection, Educons University,
2
Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
3
Faculty of Ecological Agriculture, Educons University, Sremska Kamenica, Serbia
Development of an in-field, ecologically safe, continuously detoxifying technology for
producing bio-vegetables (PHANETRI) is the name of the HU-SRB IPA cross border
project (2011-2013) between Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and
Informatics, University of Szeged, Hungary and Educons University from Sremska
Kamenica, Serbia. The aim of the project was to develop new and efficient technology that
could be used to convert land previously used in common agricultural practice and prepare it
for organic management practice. Firstly, the removal of dangerous xenobiotics has to be
taken into consideration. Secondly, the problem which farmers running low-input agricultural
production increasingly face is the problem of soil-borne pests. The key of pest control is
establishing and maintaining the microbial community structure in a disease suppressive
state. Challenging these problems, the main output of the project, fungal-based product and
technology, able for quick transformation of the problematic groups of xenobiotics to less
toxic or nontoxic compounds in organic farmland soils, able to suppress plant pathogenic
fungi in the rhizosphere and trigger the plant systemic acquired resistance system, was
optimized. The fungal product was planned to consist of two components: Trichoderma
strain with mycoparasitic capabilities and Phanerochaete chrysosporium strain able to
degrade a wide spectrum of pollutants. In the first phase of the project a special fungal strain
collection containing distinct Phanerochaete and Trichoderma strains isolated from soil
samples was established. The best peroxidase and laccase producers Phanerochaete
strains were identified in this collection with molecular methods. Their xenobiotic-degrading
capabilities were determined in vitro. The antagonism spectra of the best Trichoderma
strains against phytopathogenic fungi were also explored in vitro. In the second phase of the
project, the efficiency of antifungal formulation based on best Phanerochaete and
Trichoderma strains was tested in pots under semi-controlled conditions and in the field. The
interaction with tomato and lettuce plants was investigated. The capability of fungal product
for herbicide degradation was confirmed. Negative effects on plant growth and vitality were
not observed. In order to define exact application technology of fungal product, further
investigation on the fungal inoculum concentration, mode of application and effects on nontarget soil microorganisms is necessary.
The project significantly contributed to the development of research capacities in both
institutions. Acquiring new researh equipment and consumables provided high quality
research. As the result of knowledge exchange during several group meetings two doctoral
theses dealing with beneficial soil microorganisms have been initiated. At several workshops
held in the course of project duration larger target groups, such as students and researchers
from partner institutions from other national projects, were reached. Several joint
publications were published or are under preparation.
Keywords: soil microorganisms, organic agriculture, biocontrol, bioremediation
79
Posters
INNOVATION IN DEVELOPMENT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND
SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN AGRICULTURAL SECTOR
OF THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA
Pantić Olivera
Institute of Economic Sciences, Belgrade, Serbia
As one of the most important factors of adequate economic development and high rates of
economic growth in transition countries, emphasize entrepreneurs small and medium
enterprises. The support of the public sector and good macroeconomic environment are
often deciding factors for progress in their business and implementation of some activities,
especially innovative ones. For the Republic of Serbia, which has been in the transition
process for many years, the agriculture sector is one of the strategic activities in economic
development. The strategic importance is reflected in the amount of participation in the
creation of GDP, due to favorable climate and natural resources. Development of
agricultural sector and increasing competitiveness of agricultural products require support of
public institutions through the provision of funds for investment in research and
development. The aim of this study is a comparative analysis of the changes in the number
of small and medium enterprises and entrepreneurs in agriculture, depending on the
allocation of public sector funding for research and development activities in this area. We
collected the data on the types of innovation in small and medium enterprises engaged in
agriculture. Their number will be monitored and analyzed over a period of several years.
This paper seeks to establish the importance of innovation in agriculture, which creates
better product competitiveness and new chances and opportunities for companies. The
number of entrepreneurs will prefer to start up their own business because of adequate state
support and increased costs for development and implementation of innovations. Reducing
the risk of operations and increase of readiness for new business ventures will have
implications on the level of GDP. With the growth of entrepreneurial activity in agriculture, a
number of other manufacturing and services which could have effects on the rate of
economic growth, new export opportunities and reducing unemployment in Serbia can
be initiated.
Keywords: innovations, small and medium enterprises, entrepreneurship, agriculture
80
Posters
BRYOPHYTE DIVERSITY IN AGRO-ECOSYSTEMS
OF VOJVODINA (SERBIA)
Pantović Jovana, Nikolić Nada, Sabovljević Aneta, Sabovljević Marko
Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden, Faculty of Biology,
Bryophytes form a part of any terrestrial, brackish and freshwater ecosystems. They have
numerous strategies, life forms and ecological features. Thus, they can also inhabit agroecosystems.
Here, we present the insights into bryophyte diversity of the agro-ecosystems in Vojvodina
(Serbia). Various fields in and around the Fruška Gora Mts were studied during crop
vegetation as well as in early spring and late autumn in 2010 and 2011. Use of extensive
chemical treatment diminishes the recorded bryophytes as well as intensive land use.
However, the edges of the fields as well as less used land are harbouring significant
bryophyte diversity.
In total, 36 species were recorded. They are grouped in distinctive assemblages, which have
common bryophyte ecological preferential i.e. ecologically similar habitats harbour
ingbryophytes of similar life forms, strategies and biological features.
Thus, in dry habitats pottiaceous and bryoid species adapted to harsh environment are the
most common (namely Barbula unguiculata and Bryum species var.). In the wet less
disturbed habitats, we can find pleurocarps (e.g. Eurhynchium hians), incontrast to short
time wet and disturbed where some funaroid mosses can be found (Funaria, Physcomitrella
or Enthostodon). All the species support a high disturbance effect. Some other rare and
interesting species can be found in specific microsites, like Aloina species, Didymodon
cordatus or Microbryum curvicolle.
Bryophytes suffer from rapid environmental changes more severely compared to
tracheophytes, having in mind their dependence on specific microhabitats. However, due to
the long distance dispersal and propagule production they can rather quickly appear in
adequate microsites.
Bryophyte diversity in agro-ecosystems gives an insight into the proper use of agro-technical
and chemical measures, provides idea on the sustainable land use, can be an indicator for
the various pollutants and deserves higher attention in agro-ecosystem managements.
Keywords: mosses, flora, agriculture
81
Posters
APPLICATION OF 2D ELECTROPHORESIS
IN ANALYSIS OF SOY PROTEINS
Pavlićević Milica, Stanojević Slađana, Vucelić-Radović Biljana
Two-dimensional
polyaclylamide
gel
electrophoresis
(2D-PAGE)
employing
isoelectrofocusing in one dimension and SDS-electrophoresis in the second one is a
research method that allows detection of even small differences in protein composition.
Coupled with method such as mass spectrometry and with usage of specific software, it can
enable analysis of changes in structure and/or concentration of particular protein between
samples obtained from different variety of the same plant species or the same variety grown
under different conditions. Concentration and conformation of protein present in sample
would influence technological and functional properties of such sample to a large extent.
Therefore, establishing the influence of particular protein on behavior of seeds during
processing can be of great assistance for plant growers for selecting variety with desired
properties. Participation in EU FP6 project CROPWAT allowed the introduction of 2D-PAGE
electrophoresis as a research tool at the Faculty of Agriculture. The introduction of 2DPAGE electrophoresis has opened a new field of investigation for food biochemistry group.
2D-PAGE electrophoresis pattern of soybean seed proteins confirmed correlation between
the difference in protein composition and the difference in technological functional
parameters such as protein solubility, emulsion and gelling properties. This research could
be implemented in food industry to select a variety that would have optimal properties for
particular type of food ingredient or particular food product (e.g. protein concentrate, protein
isolate, soy milk, tofu, etc). The results of such experiments are used in one national project
and a PhD thesis in progress.
Keywords: 2D-PAGE electrophoresis, soybean proteins, technological functional properties
82
Posters
APPLICATION OF EPIC MODEL FOR PREDICTION OF MAIZE YIELD
IN DIFFERENT CLIMATIC CONDITIONS
Počuča Vesna1, Đurović Nevenka1, Gregorić Enike1,
Đulaković Vladan2, Todorović Mladen3
1
Higher Technical School for Applied Sciences, Požarevac, Serbia
3
Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Bari, Bari, Italy
2
Models in agriculture could have practical application in prediction of yield in particular
climate conditions even when using different methods in cultivating certain crop, so that
economically justified technique to be used in its cultivation could be defined.
Practice so far shows that world well-known and validated models such as: EPIC,
CROPSYST, CERES-Wheat, CERES-Maize, WOFOST and similar ones have not been
applied at all or have been quite rarely used in our country.
By participating in EU Project POLLEN, Serbian researchers started conducting researches
related to application of mathematical models in agriculture. They used EPIC model for its
comprehensiveness while research goal was a comparative analysis of efficiency in
agricultural production depending on different agrotechnical measures in different parts of
Europe.
Researches in Serbia proceeded on three locations with uniform climatic characteristics in
the region of southeast Srem. Calibration and partial validation of EPIC model for maize
were performed. Research results related to observing soil moisture were applied in
validating hydrology sub-model of EPIC model. Accuracy of hydrology sub-model of EPIC
model shown in many researches in different climatic conditions has been confirmed in
climatic conditions of Serbia, too. Drought problem and growing lack of water influence its
rational use. By applying EPIC model through the simulation of different scenarios we can
predict an amount of water in soil under the impact of climatic changes for a long period.
EPIC model for assessing yields of different maize hybrids based of data on agro-ecological
and soil conditions and planned production technology was used in the second stage of
research in Serbia. The importance of application of mathematical models is also shown in
obtaining reliable results fast which could significantly shorten research time when
assessing genetic potential of maize hybrids. EPIC model could be used for prediction of the
production of all field crops in the wide agricultural region on the basis of insight into agroecological and soil conditions and anticipated agrotechnical measures. Also, future
producers can decide on the best technology for the production of maize as well as other
farm crops on the basis of analysis of weather and soil conditions.
Two master’s theses and two doctoral dissertations are the outcome of cooperation between
the Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Bari (MAIB) and the Faculty of Agriculture of the
University of Belgrade.
Keywords: EPIC model, maize, calibration, yield
83
Posters
FROM AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND INNOVATION
TOWARDS IMPROVEMENT OF AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION
Poleksić Vesna1, Topisirović Goran1, Pekić Quarrie Sofija2, Petrić Dušan3,
Tanasković Snežana4, Salasan Cosmin5, Šćepanović Danijela6, Quarrie Steve7
1
2
University of Belgrade, Serbia, State University of Novi Pazar, Serbia,
3
4
University of Novi Sad, Serbia, University of Kragujevac, Serbia,
5
Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Timisoara, Romania
6
Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia
7
Balkan Security Network, Belgrade, Serbia
The University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture is currently coordinating two EU funded
projects: an FP7 – AREA (Advancing research in agricultural and food sciences at the Faculty of
Agriculture, University of Belgrade) and a TEMPUS project –CaSA (Building capacity of Serbian
Agricultural Education to link with Society). Both are oriented towards reinforcement of Serbian
agriculture.
This is a presentation of the CaSA project and the role it plays in linking research and innovation
with knowledge improvement in agriculture.
CaSA is a national project. It belongs to the TEMPUS sub-program Structural measures and the
Action Higher education and society. These two benchmarks point out the main objectives of the
project: to improve quality and availability of vocational agricultural education; to strengthen
competences of educators; to create a National Repository for Agricultural Education (NaRA).
There are 13 partners contributing to the project: 10 Serbian and 3 EU partner institutions: 5
Agricultural faculties from: Universities of Belgrade, Novi Sad, Kragujevac, State University of
Novi Pazar, and private University EDUCONS; Association of Agricultural Middle Secondary
Schools in the area of agriculture, food processing and food production; Institute for Science
Application in Agriculture responsible for in-service training of agricultural advisors; 2 NGO
training organization (Education Forum and Balkan Security Network); and the Ministry of
Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia. EU partners are:
Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Timisoara, Romania;
University of Maribor, Slovenia and University of Foggia, Italy.
All project activities are grouped into 11 work packages: Creation of the Repository, Assuring
infrastructural support for NaRA functioning /Development of resources, Improvement of
competences of university teachers, Modernization of teaching contents, Improvement of
competences of Agricultural Middle Secondary School teachers, Improvement of competences of
experts in extension services, Pilot implementation of vocational courses, Quality assurance
control of project activities, Dissemination of project results, Exploitation of project results, and
Project Management.
The project lasts for 3 years and aims to build the capacity of main holders of Serbian agricultural
education: university teachers, teachers in agricultural middle secondary schools and agricultural
advisors working in extension services.
The CaSA project’s main achievement will be the creation of NaRA, available as an electronic
platform that should enable the sustainability of the project and connection of stakeholders
involved in all levels of agricultural education and training in Serbia. This repository will include:
information necessary for teaching traditional courses as well as online courses for professional
development of Agricultural Middle Secondary Schools and experts in extension services;
databases of results obtained by research; selected and recorded classes of interactive teaching;
selected parts of courses realized and/or developed within the project, prepared in the form of
online video tutorials and posted together with additional teaching contents; and other relevant
contents added to the repository based on authorized decisions of the NaRA Advisory Board.
All project participants have agreed and signed the Constituent agreement on project
implementation and NaRA management.
Keywords: EU TEMPUS project, agricultural in-service training, innovation, NaRA
84
Posters
EVALUATION AND MODIFICATION OF DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES
FOR Xanthomonas arboricola pv. corylina,
CAUSAL AGENT OF BACTERIAL BLIGHT OF HAZELNUT
Prokić Anđelka1, Kuzmanović Nemanja1, Ivanović Milan1, Blagojević Nevena1,
Gašić Katarina2, Obradović Aleksa1
1
Department of Plant Pathology, Institute for Plant Protection and Environment,
Belgrade, Serbia
2
Bacterial blight of hazelnut, caused by Xanthomonas arboricola pv. corylina (Xac) is widely
distributed and economically important disease of hazelnut worldwide. Characteristic
disease symptoms include water-soaked leaf and fruit spots and lesions, shoot and bud
necrosis and dieback that affect vitality of the plants, resulting in defoliation, premature fruit
drop and in severe cases complete plant death. Despite the importance and the bacterium
quarantine status in Europe, a limited number of studies were reported on this pathogen,
which makes disease diagnosis and control difficult. Participation and research collaboration
within project COST Action 873 allowed us to improve knowledge on isolation, detection and
identification of bacterial diseases of stone fruits and nuts. Within the framework of this
project, a number of currently available detection methods for Xanthomonas pathogens of
hazelnut were reviewed and evaluated including the classical, biochemical, serological
approach and molecular DNA-based methods. Field surveys have shown that the pathogen
occurs in orchards over the country, representing a risk for actively growing commercial
production of this crop. Modified isolation testing procedures resulted in the isolation and
purification of putative colonies resembling Xanthomonas spp. Morphological, physiological
and biochemical tests, as well as serological and PCR analyses allowed efficient pathogen
detection and identification at species level. Pathogenicity testing procedures confirmed
pathogenic nature of the strains and host specificity. Molecular characterization using DNA
fingerprinting techniques (rep-PCR and PFGE) indicated significant genetic diversity and
heterogeneity of the strains originating from Serbia. The expertise gained during this
research provided practical experience in use of classical and molecular methods for the
pathogen detection and diagnosis. Modified procedures for simple and efficient isolation
from simptomatic plant material, and pathogenicity testing that enable reproduction of
symptoms similar to natural infection were determined. In this way, improvement and
standardization of diagnostic procedures necessary for managing the disease and yield loss
prevention are accomplished. Knowledge and experience gained through active participation
in COST873 Action were implemented in the research of one national project (III 46008) and
PhD thesis.
Keywords: Xanthomonas arboricola pv. corylina, bacterial blight, diagnostic procedures,
detection, identification
85
Posters
Ca2+, pH AND ABSCISIC ACID: INTERACTION AND
EFFECTS ON STOMATA
Prokić Ljiljana1, Vučinić Željko2, Jovanović Zorica1,
Stikić Radmila1, McAinsh R. Martin3
1
Institute for Multidisciplinary Studies, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
3
Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
2
Stomata are pores formed by a pair of specialized cells, the guard cells, on the aerial part of
plants. They control rates of photosynthesis and transpiration by plants and, therefore, are of
prime importance in any consideration of factors controlling plant growth and production.
Stomatal guard cells respond to a wide range of stimuli through alterations in turgor resulting
in a change in stomatal aperture.
It is well known that the plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) causes stomatal closure and that
2+
an increase in cytosolic free Ca is an important part of the signalling pathway by which
guard cells respond to ABA. Recent results also pointed to the importance of pH in the
2+
response of stomata to drought. Since all three variables (Ca , pH and ABA) may interact,
the main focus of presented research was to investigate the interaction between external
2+
Ca , ABA and unchanged/changed pH on stomata at Arabidopsis thaliana plants. These
interactions have been assessed by monitoring the rate of stomatal closure during shorter
and longer time intervals.
Our results suggested that pretreatment with acidic medium had a reducing effect on
stomatal sensitivity to ABA, or down-regulate mutual interaction between calcium and ABA.
Stomatal pre-exposure to pH5 may induce an action of extracellular calcium that mimic ABA
effect in both acidic (unchanged pH5) and alkalised mediums (change of pH5 to pH7).
Effects of calcium and ABA in the alkaline (pH7) and in acidified (pH7 to pH5) mediums
were up-regulated and confirmed by their interactions. It can be assumed that the
pretreatment at pH7 modified (increased) stomatal sensitivity to calcium and ABA, especially
at acidified solution.These experimental results suggest the possibility that drought
pretreatment (priming) may alter plant reactions to stress by modifying the interaction
between pH, ABA, and calcium.
The presented experiments were performed at the Lancaster University and are the result of
collaborative Joint Project (granted by Royal Society, UK). The gained expertise and
knowledge of stomatal physiology were applied for the plant stress physiology research
(national project TR 31005 and III 43010).
2+
Keywords: Arabidopsis thaliana, ABA, Ca , pH
86
Posters
RHEOLOGICAL MEASUREMENT SIGNIFICANCE FOR IMPROVEMENT
OF TEXTURAL PROPERTIES OF FERMENTED DAIRY PRODUCTS:
POSSIBILITY OF APPLYING IN „SPASOJEVIĆ DAIRY PLANT“
Puđa Predrag1, Miočinović Jelena1, Nedeljković Aleksandar1,
Radovanović Mira1, Spasojević Radomir 2
1
2
Dairy Plant „Spasojević“, Bajina Bašta, Serbia
Rheology is the study of flow and deformation of materials under applied force. The rheology
of yoghurt and other fermented products describes the physical and textural properties of
the product. These properties are very important and have a major impact on consumer
perceptions of products. The dairy product properties are markedly influenced by milk
composition, which varies significantly during the season, processing parameters
(temperatures, mixing etc.) and the ingredient addition. Understanding the physical
properties of yoghurt and other fermented dairy products is important in all steps during
production (quality control, design and evaluation of processing equipment etc.).
Rheological properties of dairy products that exhibit a more liquid (viscous) behavior are
usually measured by dynamic testing which involves an oscillatory applied strain or stress,
which is a non-invasive technique. In the strain controlled version of experiment, the sample
is subjected to a sinusoidal low amplitude strain oscillation. The rheological properties of the
yoghurt are monitored using low amplitude strain oscillation by measuring: (i) gel firmness
as the elastic shear modulus (G’) as a function of strain, and (ii) viscosity as a function of
shear stress and shear rate. The stress/shear rate can be used to obtain an objective
measurement of product thickness and susceptibility to shear.
The measurements of rheological properties of food, including dairy products, are still not
common in our country. Hence, the purchase of Rheometer (Malvern, UK) in AREA project
enables the development and application of this modern technique in studying of different
dairy product properties.
Initial experiments include measurements of rheological properties of different fermented
products in the dairy plant „Spasojević“, Bajina Bašta. This study has provided valuable
information on how yoghurt may be optimised in terms of its composition and process
parameters, in order to produce a product with optimal texture from day to day production.
Application of rheological measurements in investigation of different food, especially dairy
products, will be a significant part of future Master`s and PhD theses at the Department of
Food Technology.
Keywords: rheology, yoghurt, strain, stress, storage modulus, viscous modulus
87
Posters
THE INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE AND Cd ON DIFFERENT
CULTIVARS OF SOYBEAN
Putnik-Delić Marina1, Teklić Tihana2, Špoljarević Marija2, Lisjak Miroslav2,
Živanov Milorad3, Štolfa Ivna2, Mirosavljević Milan3, Maksimović Ivana1
1
2
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
3
Institute for Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Serbia
Improvement of the mechanisms of crop adaptations to abiotic stress, without concomitant
losses in yield and quality, are very important for agricultural production. Therefore, our
research focused on studies of the influence of temperature on soybean photosynthetic
efficiency at flowering stage and the effect of excessive Cd on growth and free proline
concentration in soybean cultivars.
The photosynthetic parameters of photosystem II (Fo, Fm, Fv/Fm and Fv/Fo) were analyzed
in order to establish the influence of temperature treatments (10C, 20C i 30C) on the
susceptibility of photosystem in leaves of two soybean cultivars (Tena and Zora) at flowering
stage, in controlled conditions. The temperature of 30C caused more pronounced stress in
tested genotypes as compared with 10C. Foliage mass per plant was significantly lower in
both genotypes at 30C, as well as the efficiency of photosystem (Fv/Fm). According to its
tolerance to temperature stress in flowering stage, cultivar Tena seems to be more stable
than Zora.
The accumulation of Cd in different plant organs, tissues and cell compartments depends on
its availability to plants and on mechanisms that plants develop to avoid Cd involvement in
physiological and biochemical processes. Accumulation of Cd in cultivated plants is
important because of food quality (Cd concentration must not exceed the limit set by the
regulations). Four genotypes of soybean (NS-Maximus, NS-Optimus, Tena and Korana)
were grown in the presence of 0.5, 5 and 50µM CdCl 2 untill the formation of the first trefoil.
In cultivar NS-Optimus, root, stem and leaf mass declined the most due to the presence of
Cd, whereas the untreated plants of this cultivar had the highest biomass production. The
concentration of free proline in leaves significantly increased in all four cultivars in the
presence of Cd. The degree of increase depended on the applied Cd concentration. The
least differences in concentration of proline in the presence of Cd were recorded in cultivar
Korana.
This work is the result of a bilateral project between Serbia and Croatia (Faculties of
Agriculture in Osijek and Novi Sad), which provided a good networking and cooperation
between people in the same or similar scientific fields as well as a good basis for further joint
participation in major international projects from this region.
Keywords: Glicine max (L.), stress physiology, photosynthetic efficiency,
temperature stress, Cd
88
Posters
POTENTIAL FOR THE APPLICATION OF EXTRACTS OF MEDICINAL
AND AROMATIC PLANTS IN THE BEVERAGES PRODUCTION
Rajić Jasmina1, Petrović Tanja1, Đorđević Sofija2, Paunović Dragana1,
Kokolj Maja1, Nedović Viktor1
1
Institute of Medicinal Plants Research “Dr Josif Pančić”, Belgrade, Serbia
2
Aromatic and medicinal herbs play a significant role in the production of beverages and have
been used for many centuries. The aim of this study was to determine the possibility of using
extracts of medicinal and aromatic plants for the alcoholic (spirits and beers) and nonalcoholic beverages production, from the aspect of total polyphenol content. Extracts were
prepared by using 50% aqueous-alcoholic solution as a solvent. In this study the following
herbs have been investigated: Olivae folium, Betulae folium, Calendulae flos, Myrtilli fructus,
Juniperi fructus, Menthae piperitae folium, Tiliae flos, Hyperici herba and Anise fructus. Total
polyphenols were determined using the Follin-Ciocalteu reagent.
The results showed that the highest content of polyphenols has been performed in Hyperici
herba with 22754.10 ± 81.97 mg GAE/l of extract. In addition, a high content of polyphenols
have been observed in Tiliae flos, Myrtilli fructus and Olivae folium, while Anisi fructus
demonstrated the lowest content of total polyphenols (974.26 ± 4.92 mg GAE/l of extract).
This research was carried out for screening and selection of herbs for potential use in
beverage production, in order to obtain the beverages with high polyphenols content while
organoleptic and sensory evaluation will be the next step in the further research.
Keywords: aromatic and medicinal herbs, beverages, total polyphenol content
89
Posters
XYLEM ANATOMY OF TOMATO FRUIT PEDICELS
USING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
Rančić Dragana1, Pećinar Ilinka1, Pekić Quarrie Sofija1,
Stikić Radmila1, Jansen Steven2
1
Institute for Systematic Botany and Ecology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
2
The yield of most crop plants is mainly determined by the fruit size, which is the result of
morphological, physiological, and biochemical processes, but also environmental and
genetic factors. Understanding the mechanisms that regulate fruit growth and development
is an important research topic. Since the growth of fleshy fruits is strongly associated with
water supply and accumulation, studying the vascular transport tissue in fruit pedicels plays
an important role in fruit growth and development. In addition, the vascular tissue is required
for the transport of chemical signals from the roots to the shoot.
Detailed anatomical observations of different developmental stages of tomato fruit pedicels
were conducted using light and electron microscopy. For this purpose, the Faculty of
Agriculture started an international collaboration in 2008 with Steven Jansen (Jodrell
Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK), which was part of the EU project
CROPWAT.
The advantages and shortcomings of the various microscope techniques applied were
evaluated. Scanning electron microscopy allowed us to analyze dry samples without any
complicated sample preparation or the need to prepare thin sections. Transmission electron
microscopy, however, was more time-consuming, but it is possible to observe details of
ultrathin sections at high magnification. The microcasting tehnique, which involves the
preparation of silicon cast that infiltrates into xylem cells and polymerizes. After chemical
dissolution of the actual cell walls of the xylem tissue, the silicon casts can be observed with
light or scanning electron microscopy. This method enables visualization of the inner vessel
walls, vessel connections, can be used to determine vessel length distributions. Individual
tracheids and vessel elements can be studied with the maceration technique using light
microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.
The materials used were wild type tomato plants and ABA-deficient mutants, which were of
special interest for investigating the role of ABA on yield. The methods applied in this project
have been integrated into the Faculty of Agriculture, and were applied in the National Project
(TR 31005) and a bilateral project between Serbia and DAAD (No 451-03-03159/2012-09/6).
Keywords: xylem, maceration, microcasting, electron microscopy
90
Posters
Alternaria alternata CAUSING FLOWER NECROSIS
OF Calendula officinalis
Stanković Ivana1, Ristić Danijela1, Vučurović Ana1, Berenji Janoš2,
Miličević Tihomir3, Krstić Branka1, Bulajić Aleksandra1
1
2
3
Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture,
University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Diseases of ornamentals as well as medicinal plants are an important field of investigation
all over the world. Apart from the quarantine pathogens, regulated pathogens are very
important and are usually being spread within neighboring countries. We have developed
expertise in detection and molecular identification of different regulated fungi and fungi-like
organisms acknowledged by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Management of
the Republic of Serbia which was implemented in joint research in the frame of a bilateral
project between Serbia and Croatia supported by grant 69-00-160/2009-02/08 of the
Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia
and Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia. The main goal
was to identify the most important fungal pathogens causing diseases of pot or English
marigold, Calendula officinalis L. (Asteraceae), an ornamental species, grown in gardens or
as a potted plant all over Europe. Potted calendula plants produced in a greenhouse in
Krtinjska (City of Belgrade District) in Serbia exhibited flower necrosis and decay with an
incidence estimated at 80%. From diseased plants, as well as from 10 samples of
commercial calendula seed, a total of 20 monosporial isolates of Alternaria sp. were
selected and identified based on morphological features. Their pathogenicity was confirmed
by spore suspension injection of healthy calendula seedlings and by inoculation on nonwounded detached leaves. Further molecular detection and identification of Alternaria
isolates were performed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with species specific primer
pair AAF2/AAR3 for the detection of A. alternata which amplified a 340 bp fragment of all
isolates. The ITS region of rDNA of two representative isolates was amplified and
sequenced (GenBank Acc. No. HQ625053 and HQ625054) and exhibited 99.8–100%
nucleotide identity with A. alternata isolates (EU781951, GU566303, GU797144, GU797138,
FJ904919) in GenBank database. So far, Alternaria sp. has been reported as a pathogen of
C. officinalis in Bulgaria, Moldavia and North America, and this investigation reveals that A.
alternata represents a threat to calendula production in Serbia as well. Besides first data on
regulated plant pathogens of calendula, which is very important for calendula production,
this project provided building up experience and expertise for three research teams in
both countries.
Keywords: regulated pathogens, Alternaria, Calendula officinalis, identification
91
Posters
Plasmopara obducens CAUSING DOWNY MILDEW OF
Impatiens walleriana IN SERBIA
Stanković Ivana1, Ristić Danijela1, Vučurović Ana1, Miličević Tihomir2,
Krstić Branka1, Bulajić Aleksandra1
1
2
Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture,
University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Plant pathogens, especially pathogenic for ornamentals, attract attention all around the
world since intensive international trade enables an efficient introduction into new production
areas. We have developed expertise in detection and molecular identification of different
quarantine fungi and fungi-like organisms acknowledged by the Ministry of Agriculture,
Forestry and Water Management of the Republic of Serbia which was implemented in a joint
research in the frame of a bilateral project between Serbia and Croatia supported by grant
69-00-160/2009-02/08 of the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development
of the Republic of Serbia and Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of
Croatia. The main goal of research was detection and characterization of impatiens downy
mildew causal agent which has until recently been classified as a quarantine organism in the
EPPO region. Because of its decorative properties, impatiens (Impatiens spp.) is frequently
grown in public parks and gardens, while impatiens production in Serbia is rising intensively.
Potted I. walleriana with symptoms of stunting and mild yellowing on the upper surface of
the leaves was sampled in a greenhouse in the locality of Mionica in Serbia. Disease
incidence was high, wilting and collapse of affected plants were very rapid, resulting in
losses of more than 90%. Microscopic examinations revealed that white downy growth
developing on leaf surfaces consisted of hyaline sporangiophores with monopodial
branching and numerous, ovoid and hyaline sporangia. Pathogenicity was confirmed by
spraying young I. walleriana plants with a sporangial suspension. Molecular identification
included amplification of the 5′-end of the nuclear DNA coding for the LSU rDNA by PCR
using primers NL1/NL4 followed by sequencing of one representative isolate in both
directions (Acc. No. HQ246451). A neighbor-joining tree obtained on a 649-bp fragment of
Plasmopara spp. isolates available in GenBank database revealed that Serbian isolate 2810 was clustered with other P. obducens isolates. So far, the presence of P. obducens was
recorded in Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, Lithuania, Romania, Russia,
the United Kingdom and recently in Norway. It is a serious threat to impatiens production in
Serbia as well, especially regarding certain unqualified epidemiological aspects. The
realization of this project contributed to strengthening scientific consortium between two
countries providing building research capacity in both research teams.
Keywords: Impatiens, Plasmopara obducens, identification, characterization
92
Posters
DEFICIT IRRIGATION METHODS: PRACTICAL APPLICATION OF
STRESS PHYSIOLOGY KNOWLEDGE
Stikić Radmila1, Jovanović Zorica1, Prokić Ljiljana1, Marjanović Milena1,
Đorđević Slaviša1, Savić Slađana2
1
Faculty of Biofarming, Megatrend University, Bačka Topola, Serbia
2
Under current and predicted climate conditions of drought and scarce water supply, the
challenge for agricultural production worldwide is to increase irrigation water use efficiency
(WUE-ratio between yield and amount of water used for irrigation) and sustain or even
increase crop yield. Improving irrigation management is most likely the best promising
strategy for increasing the water use efficiency. Currently two deficit irrigation methods are in
the use: regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) and partial root zone drying (PRD). Both methods
are based on the understanding of the physiological responses of plants to water supply and
water deficit. The expertise built on collaborations between the Faculty of Agriculture and EU
research groups in 3 EU FP6 projects (WATERWEB, SAFIR and CROPWAT) allowed the
introduction of RDI and PRD as novel irrigation methods in Serbia. This new knowledge and
expertise were used for both practical application and improvement of crop stress
physiology research at the Faculty of Agriculture. RDI and PRD field trials with potato and
tomato confirmed that application of both methods could increase WUE, save water for
irrigation without significant reduction of yield quantity and quality. Research in controlled
conditions (effects on numerous physiological and biochemical processes) contributed to the
optimal application of RDI and PRD methods for irrigation of potato and tomato. These
results also confirmed that PRD and RDI methods are based on chemical and hydraulic
signalling mechanisms in drought stress tomato and potato plants. New knoweldge and
expertise were implemented in the research of 2 national projects and several PhD theses
(6 finished and 2 in progress).
Keywords: deficit irrigation methods, stress physiology, tomato, potato
93
Posters
MITIGATION MEASURES FOR THE REDUCTION OF
DROUGHT IN AGRICULTURE
Stričević Ružica, Ćosić Marija, Đurović Nevenka
The increase of the world’s population and global climate change require continual research
and innovation that ensure the production of healthy and safe food under conditions of
limited natural resources such as land and water.
In the agro-climatic conditions of Serbia, especially agricultural areas, rainfall is often
insufficient or has unfavorable distribution for high yields and intensive agricultural
production. Achieving high and stable yields is practically impossible without irrigation.
Knowing that water is a limited resource, research is aimed at finding a different systems
and measures to conserve water. The importance of good management of water and land
resources has been recognized both internationally and nationally, and is evident in a
number of scientific projects. Our research was conducted within three national (TR 22008,
TR 22005 and TR 37005) and two international projects (WATERWEB and CROPWAT) that
are closely related to the COST action of EuroAgriwat (ES 1106).
The research results follow the direction of water saving and reduction of the drought
impacts. One of the possibilities of reducing the negative impacts of drought and water
saving in agriculture is the use of kaolin. The use of kaolin leads to the shadowing of the
plants (parts above the ground and the fruit), which leads to reduction in water consumption.
Kaolin increases the water use efficiency and also improves fruit quality by enhancement of
the first class fruits. Plants treated had significant reduction in sunburns. It should also be
noted that kaolin is a natural product that is used in organic production, and the fruit treated
with it can be immediately consumed.
In addition to kaolin application, the ability to reduce the effects of drought can be achieved
by the application of the non-destructive Image method that uses infrared cameras to
determine vegetation cover temperature, by which it is decided about the time of irrigation.
Keywords: irrigation, kaolin, drought, image method
94
Posters
GENOTYPIC VARIATION IN WATER-SOLUBLE CARBOHYDRATE
ACCUMULATION IN WHEAT STEM
Šešlija Aleksandra1, Stanojević Slađana1, Kandić Vesna2, Dodig Dejan2,
Quarrie Steve3, Vucelić-Radović Biljana1
1
2
Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje, Belgrade, Serbia,
3
Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
During vegetative and early reproductive growth of small grain cereals, including wheat,
assimilated carbon is accumulated temporarily in the stem and leaf sheath as carbohydrate
reserve. These reserves could improve yield stability by providing an alternative source
when photosynthetic capacity is limited such as during the later phases of grain filling or
during periods of abiotic stress. Fructan and sucrose are the main reserve carbohydrates in
vegetative parts of wheat and are often designated as water-soluble carbohydrates to
distinguish them from the structural carbohydrates present in cell walls.
With the aim to investigate spatial capacity of water-soluble carbohydrate storage in different
parts of the stem we assessed 20 wheat genotypes grown during three consecutive seasons
in field experiments. In the early generative phase (9-10 days after anthesis) stems of 3
plants per genotype were sampled. The extraction and analysis of water-soluble
carbohydrate was performed and the results were expressed as fructose equivalents on dry
matter basis.
Wheat genotypes of higher total water-soluble carbohydrate accumulating capacity in the
stem were identified. Also, variation in spatial accumulating capacity of the stem was
registered. This finding could be important for further investigation in selection of genotypes
exhibiting greater ability for accumulation of carbohydrates in stem with the aim to increase
yield in stress conditions.
The new field of research and new expertise were the result of the collaboration with EU
research groups in preparing two project proposals (acronyms SMARTWHEAT and
DROUGHTWHEAT) for EU FP7 calls. Although both proposals passed trashold they were
not chosen for financing. The new knoweldge and expertise that was gained during
preparation of these proposals were implemented in the research of one national project and
one PhD thesis that is in progress.
Keywords: wheat, stem, water-soluble carbohydrates
95
Posters
EVALUATION OF BIODIVERSITY, SUSTAINABLE USE AND
TRADITIONAL MANAGEMENT OF DRY GRASSLANDS OF THE
BALKANS: EXPERIENCES AND CHALLENGES
Šilc Urban1,3, Dajić Stevanović Zora2, Aćić Svetlana2, Šoštarić Ivan2,
Mačukanović-Jocić Marina2, Petrović Milica2
1
3
BC Naklo, Naklo, Slovenia
2
According to EU Habitat Directive, natural and semi-natural grasslands were appointed as
ecosystems of high priority due to outstanding biodiversity. In addition, they have been
recognized as high value farmland areas (HNVF) whose sustainable use is in function of
biodiversity conservation. Natural and semi-natural grasslands are the key resource in
livestock production, but they are generally insufficiently utilized especially in hillymountainous rural regions which are characterized by high depopulation, poverty and
extensive, traditional agriculture. Flora and vegetation of dry grasslands of the western
Balkans were researched in the past intensively, but so far modern statistical and
mathematical models have not been applied in their analysis. Comprehensive processing of
phytosociological data aiming at valorization of grasslands biodiversity and quality could be
a basis for their sustainable use and management.
Collaboration between the Institute of Biology of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and
Arts and the Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade resulted in the bilateral project entitled as
“Multivariate analysis of biodiversity and quality of natural grasslands of western Balkans as
a basis for its sustainable use” (No. 12-13-035).
Biological institute of Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts is very successful in
application of modern analytical methods in analysis of various types of the vegetation,
which is ground for various further analyses of biodiversity, ecology and quality of studied
phytocoenoses. Nevertheless, Department of Botany of the Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade
has experience and knowledge in field mapping and recording of natural and semi-natural
grasslands performing standard phytosociological methods, as well as skills in evaluation of
a grassland quality through identification of harmful and weed species, the functional groups
and application of pastoral values of individual grassland species. Bilateral project between
two institutions has enabled the creation of a comprehensive database of grasslands of
Serbia (GIVD No. EU-RS-002), as well as ecological and classification analyses of a
relevant quantitative and qualitative biodiversity indicators (e.g. alpha biodiversity of flora
and vegetation), (endemic, relic, internationally important and species of IUCN categories).
Research on Balkan dry grasslands so far has resulted in publishing of 4 papers in
international journals and 8 abstracts at 3 international conferences, participation in 1
national project, 1 EU Environment Project (Establishment of a European Red List of
Habitats, 2013/0025), participation in EU Expert Dry Grassland Group (EDGG;
www.edgg.org) and Initiative of EU Vegetation Archive, as well as completing of one and
starting of two PhD theses.
Keywords: biodiversity, dry grasslands, joint research
96
Posters
NEGLECTED GROUP OF PLANTS IN RELATION TO ENDANGERED
AND FRAGILE HABITATS OF SEE: THE HALOPHYTES STORY
Šilc Urban1, Petrović Milica2, Aćić Svetlana2, Šoštarić Ivan2,
Mačukanović-Jocić Marina2, Dajić Stevanović Zora2
1
2
Saline sites have been recognized as internationally important habitats. In Serbia, such
habitats occupy about 250,000 ha of soils of different salinity levels Most of saline habitats
are not managed in a proper way, despite a certain potential for sustainable utilization
(fodder production, grazing, medicinal, aromatic, ornamental plants, etc.). Conservation
measures of these ecosystems are usually not sufficiently implemented, causing vegetation
succession and related biodiversity loss. Research of flora and vegetation in relation to soil
type and salinity level could provide the basis for biodiversity assessment for sustainable
use of saline habitas.
Project “Sustainable use and management of halophytic grasslands as key element for
biodiversity conservation” was supported by Rufford Small Grants Foundation. Project
activities contributed to understanding the importance of halophytic grassland conservation,
as well as their rare, endemic and endangered plants. On the other hand, survey on main
soil features in relation to certain floristic composition and vegetation types allowed setting
up of the general soil “bioindication”, i.e. using flora as a tool for determination of soil salinity
level. Further research of halophytic vegetation continued in collaboration with the Biological
Institute of Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts in joint Rufford small grant project
“Conservation of halophytic vegetation in coastal lagoons in Albania”. The most important
outcomes of the project are linked to biodiversity assessment of flora and vegetation of
selected lagoons in Albania.
Participation of BIODIV research group in COST action FA 0901 allowed presentation of our
results, experiences and ideas in the field of halophytic flora and vegetation, and gaining
knowledge on the most relevant methodology and approaches from leading scientific
centers in Europe.
As a result of successful cooperation in international projects on research of halophytic
vegetation, important skills in application of statistical and mathematical models in analysis
of different types of halophytic flora and vegetation were acquired, 4 abstracts at
international conferences were issued, 1 paper was published in international journal and 3
were submitted (under review). In addition, regional data base on halophytic vegetation was
compiled, and national halophytic data base was registered (GIVD: EU-RS-001) allowing us
further research and regional collaboration on ecology, biodiversity, taxonomy,
phytogeography and phytosociology of halophytes. New bilateral project with Biological
Institute of Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts relating to common systematical
research on saline habitats in region of Southeast Europe has been recently submitted and
it is now under evaluation.
Keywords: halophytic flora, vegetation, joint research projects, data base, bio-indication
97
Posters
ADVANCING PROTOZOA IDENTIRFICATION METHODS IN
SERBIAN WATER ECOSYSTEMS
Teodorović Smilja1, Jovičić Petrović Jelena2, Vujović Bojana2,
Rudić Željka3, Raičević Vera2
1
Forensics Department, Academy for Criminalistic and Police Studies,
Belgrade, Serbia
2
3
Institute for the Development of Water Resources „Jaroslav Černi“,
Belgrade, Serbia
Global climate change and water shortage emphasize the necessity for surface water
protection and water reuse in agriculture. Our previous work within the SAFIR project
focused on bacterial pathogen detection in surface, ground and irrigation waters in Serbia.
Specifically, indicators of fecal contamination (e.g. total coliform, fecal coliform and
Escherichia coli) were investigated, in addition to which detection and quantification of other
pathogens, such as Salmonella, Shigella, Enterobacter, Aeromonas and Pseudomonas
were performed. Yet, detection and identification of eukaryotic waterborne pathogens,
parasitic protozoa, have not been properly addressed so far in Serbian water ecosystems.
This is particularly true with respect to utilization of molecular biology and bioinformatics
tools. With great interest in expanding our reserach in this direction, we are taking
advantage of one of our researcher's experiences gained through participation in National
Institutes of Health and Georgetown Universityfunded projects in the United States.
Knowledge of molecular parasitology and bioinformatics techniques (e.g. DNA isolation,
PCR, sequencing, sequence searches, multiple sequene alignments, phylogenetic analyses,
etc.) enables identification and characterization of aquatic protozoans, such as Entamoeba
hystolytica, Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia lamblia. It additionally allows for further
insight into their genetic diversity and interactions with other microorganisms in Serbian
water ecosystems of interest. The new scientific avenues pursued are also beneficial to the
research within the TR30180 grant awarded by the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science
and Technologial Development. In addition to bacterial indicators of contamination in food
industry treated wastewater and recipients at the Palic lake, molecular identification and
genetic characterization of protozoa will be included.
Keywords: protozoa, molecular methods, indicators, aquatic ecosystems
98
Posters
IMPACT OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON DIVERSITY AND WEED
COMPOSITION IN THE NORTH-WESTERN BALKANS
Vrbničanin Sava1, Božić Dragana1, Sarić-Krsmanović Marija2,
Saulić Markola1, Šilc Urban3
1
Institute of Pesticides and Environmental Protection, Belgrade, Serbia
3
2
Surveys of weed flora and vegetation of the western Balkan Peninsula (1939-2006) were
used to study changes in diversity and species composition. Data from the sample plots
were stored in TURBOVEG format. A large data set of arable weed flora and vegetation was
compiled and analyzed with direct (CCA- Canonical Correspondence Analysis) and indirect
ordination (DCA – Detrended Correspondence Analysis), regression and beta (² ) diversity
analysis. Five environmental variables (altitude, season, year, crop, phytogeographical
region) were used to determine broad-scale changes in diversity and weed species
composition. The expertise built on collaborations between the Faculty of Agriculture,
University of Belgrade, Serbia and the Institute of Biology, Scientific Research Centre of the
Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Ljubljana, Slovenia, allowed the introduction of
new approaches in study of weed flora and vegetation in Serbia and the North-Western
Balkans. According to this study, we conclude that the importance of spatial factors
(phytogeography) and type of crop among environmental factors for diversity and species
composition in the NW Balkan. Comparing rank of importance of environmental variables on
species composition shows a decrease of influence of crop type. Phytosociological data sets
are valuable for detecting temporal trends, although inclusion of explanatory variables linked
to management would help answer some specific agricultural questions. New knoweldge
and accepted methods (multivariate anlasys in study of weed vegetation) were implemented
in the research of national project (III 46008: Development of integrated management of
harmful organisms in plant production in overcome resistance and improve food quality and
safety), several research papers published in national and internationl journals and one PhD
thesis.
Keywords: diversity, weed composition, environmental impact, NW Balkans
99
Posters
ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY – A DESCRIPTOR OF CROP
AND FOOD PRODUCTS QUALITY
Vucelić-Radović Biljana1, Savić Slađana2, Marjanović Milena1, Đorđević Slaviša1,
Milovanović Mirjana1, Stanojević Slađana1, Pavlićević Milica1,
Stevanović Snežana1, Marinković Jelena3, Stikić Radmila1
1
Faculty of Biofarming, Megatrend University, Bačka Topola, Serbia
3
2
The association between a diet rich in fruit and vegetables and a decreased risk of
cardiovascular disease and certain forms of cancer is supported by considerable
epidemiological evidence. The assessment of food antioxidant capacity conjugated the
issues related to shelf life and sensorial quality to those of health and nutrition. A variety of
chemical compounds comprise antioxidant capacity of biological fluids and tissues.
The possibility that antioxidant functional groups in different plants or food items, are able to
exert an antioxidant action was examined using in vitro procedures based on two colored
radicals: 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1picrylhydrazil (DPPH). These procedures complemented the existing ones based on lipid
oxidative stability. A method for estimation of a major dietary antioxidant in tomatoes –
lycopene was also introduced. The new expertise that was gained through 3 EU FP6
projects (WATERWEB, SAFIR and CROPWAT) allowed the introduction of estimation of
antioxidant capacity in crops and food materials in different research programs at the
Faculty of Agriculture.
Investigations of different water saving irrigation methods, in field trials and in controlled
conditions, with potato, tomato and grapewine used estimation of antioxidant capacity as a
yield quality descriptor.
Research focused on the impact of drought on biochemical characteristics of symbiotic
community between soybean and different Bradyrhizobium japonicum strains showed higher
antioxidant activity in stressed nodules and indicated higher nitrogen fixation.
The applicability of the dehydrofreezing process for preserving raspberry fruits through the
analysis of quality protection, especially antioxidant activity of berries, was assessed.
New knoweldge and expertise were implemented in the research of 3 national projects and
several PhD theses (3 finished and 2 in progress).
Keywords: antioxidant capacity, lycopene, tomato, potato, grapewine, raspberry, soybean,
Bradyrhizobium japonicum, nitrogen fixation
100
Posters
FARMING THE BRYOPHYTES: MASS PRODUCTION FOR THE YIELD
OF PHARMACEUTICALLY ACTIVE COMPOUNDS
Vujičić Milorad, Sabovljević Marko, Sabovljević Aneta
Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden, Faculty of Biology,
Bryophytes (i.e. mosses, liverworts, hornworts and some other smaller groups) are the
second largest group of terrestrial plants. Due to mainly small size and biomass they
remained less used traditionally as medicinal plants. However, they have a huge potential in
pharmacy. Their chemical constituents are insufficiently known, and among them, especially
liverworts are interesting because of the production of cellular oil bodies which produce a
number of mono-, di-, sesqui-terpenoids, aromatic compounds like bibenzyl, bis-bibenzyls
and acetogenins.
Macrocyclic bisbibenzyls, a large family of phenolic compounds belonging to stilbenoids is a
class of characteristic components from liverworts. Up to now, more than 60 macrocyclic
and acyclic bis-bibenzyls have been isolated from many liverworts and their stereostructures were resolved.
Recently, an increasing attention is being paid to them because of their wide range of
biological activities including cytotoxicity, antibacterial, muscle relaxant, cardiovascular,
anti-HIV, antitumor, and antifungal activity and inhibitory effect against some DNA
polymerase types.
The main problem in analyzing bryophytes compounds is obtaining a huge biomass of clean
cultures/plant material. Monoculturing like crops is not possible due to their dependence on
microhabitat conditions usually provided by tracheophytes and numerous interactions with
other organisms which can change the plant material in various extent. Biofarming in
axenical conditions is one of the solution. Here, we present the results on axenical farming
of thallous liverwort Marchantia polymorpha, with the aim of producing macrocyclic bisbibenzyls, namely marchantin and derivatives which were shown to posses the highly
effective biological activity in stopping cancer cell proliferation.
The marchantin type of compounds (marchantin A, C, E, and G, and dehydro-marchantin A)
was analysed in native and axenically farmed plants. The adjustment of axenical growth
conditions significantly increased yield of marchantin A. The biotechnological procedure for
establishment and optimization of axenically grown Marchantia polymorpha with the aim of
mass production of high yielding plant material for extraction of pharmaceutically active
compound marchantin A will be presented.
Keywords: liverwort, Marchantia polymorpha, macrocyclic bisbibenzyls, production, culture
101
Posters
THE TINDER PHOENIX: SEED OF DESTRUCTION AS A SHIELD
AGAINST OXIDATIVE STRESS
Vunduk Jovana, Klaus Anita, Kozarski Maja, Nikšić Miomir
Inside every tree squats latent danger: mycelium of rotting fungi. Fomes fomentarius is one
of these secret destroyers, also known as tinder fungus. Infection occurs through the bark of
the tree and “the seed” could remain dormant for indefinite period of time. While fungi grow a
variety of secondary metabolites accumulates, and some of them, like phenolic compounds,
although non-nutrients, are very important as oxidative stress protectors. These compounds
protect cells from damages that are induced by the free radicals. Another important
application of phenolic compounds is in food industry, as natural additives with antimicrobial
and antioxidant properties.
The aim of this this study was to investigate the phenolic potential of Fomes fomentarius.
For that purpose the methanol extract was prepared. The obtained extract was subjected to
several adopted colorimetric methods with the aim of determining the level of total phenol
compounds, flavonoids, β-carotene, lycopene and ascorbic acid.
The content of total phenol compounds was 24.6±0.8%, flavonoids 11.43±0.4%, β-carotene
3.60±0.9 mg/g, lycopene 2.00±0.2 mg/g and ascorbic acid 7.79±.02 mg/g. Compared to the
terrestrial mushroom species, like Amanita crocea, Boletus regius and Russula aurea, the
amount of total phenol compounds is about 100- to800-fold higher. Similar is with lycopene:
its amount in F. fomentarius is 400- to 800-fold higher. This pattern is strongly connected
with the fungi life style, especially with the specific enzymatic complex that is necessary for
wood decomposing. A powerful destroyer becomes a rich source of medicinally and
industrially important compounds.
Keywords: Fomes fomentarius, oxidative stress protectors, phenolic compounds
102
Posters
THE USE OF POTENTIALLY CONTAMINATED WATER
FOR IRRIGATION
Žarković Branka1, Radovanović Vesna1, Čakmak Dragan2,
Životić Ljubomir 1, Kloppmann Wolfram3
1
2
Institute of Soil Science, Belgrade, Serbia
3
BRGM, Orlean, France
Clean freshwater is becoming a limited resource and its use for crop irrigation is in
competition with the demand for household consumption as well as with the need to protect
the quality of aquatic ecosystems. Current worldwide problem together with water scarcity is
also contamination of water resources. Regional factors affect the significance of these
problems, as the amount of water used for irrigation depends on factors such as climate, soil
types and crops that should be irrigated.
In Serbia, similarly to other South East European countries, water scarcity and water quality
become major problems. Low quality of water is especially apparent in the vicinity of power
stations and industrial facilities. The use of low quality water for irrigation may introduce
hazardous heavy metals into the soil, plants and food chain. In addition, there is also the
possibility of transfer of these metals into environmental, especially shallow groundwater
systems through leaching. Heavy metals are very harmful because of their nonbiodegradable nature, long biological half-lives and their potential to accumulate in living
organisms faster than they are metabolized or excreted.
Although it is essential to study the effects of contaminating water on agricultural lands and
crop production, there are not enough studies of these problems in Serbia. Expertise gained
by FP6 project SAFIR allowed researchers from the Faculty of Agriculture to address these
problems. In the present work, some of the results of the study of the effects of chemical
contaminants from thermal power plant “Obrenovac” on environment (soil and water) and
plants will be shown.
Keywords: irrigation water, heavy metals, soil, plants
103
Authors index
Authors index
A
Aćić Svetlana
Ahrne Siv
Alrgei Hassan
Atanacković Zoran
B
Balešević-Tubić Svetlana
Banjac Nebojša
Banjac Vojislav
Berenji Janoš
Bertaccini Assunta
Bertin Nadia
Bešlić Zoran
Biondi Enrico
Blagojević Nevena
Blanuša Tijana
Blyth Ken
Bogovič Matijašić Bojana
Bouche Pauline
Božić Dragana
Braun Susanne
Bugarski Branko
Bulajić Aleksandra
C
Cerović Radosav
Chartzoulakis Kostas
Chaves Manuela
Cheniclet Catherine
Costa Miguel
Č
Čadež Neža
Čakmak Dragan
Čolović Dušica
Čolović Radmilo
Ć
Ćosić Marija
Ćupina Branko
D
Dajić Stevanović Zora
Danilović Gordana
27, 41, 96, 97
47
62
77
17
72
35
91
43
16
48
43
43, 85
49
70
50
64
40, 99
28
74
51, 91, 92
34, 60
23
52
16
52
57
103
33
33
94
14
27, 41, 96, 97
53, 79
105
Authors index
Demin Mirjana
Despotović Saša
Dewwetnick Koen
Diep Bao Dzung
Dimitrijević Suzana
Dodig Dejan
Dudić Dragana
Dukić Željka
Dulić Zorka
Đ
Đorđević Boban
Đorđević Radovan
Đorđević Slaviša
Đorđević Sofija
Đorđević Verica
Đorđević Vuk
Đulaković Vladan
Đuričin Sonja
Đurković-Đaković Olgica
Đurović Dejan
Đurović Nevenka
E
Ercişli Sezai
F
Fotirić-Akšić Milica
G
Gallitelli Donato
Gašić Katarina
Gibson Brian
Gregorić Enike
Guffa Basem
H
Hadley Paul
Hartmann Anton
I
Ilić Nebojša
Ivanović Milan
106
72
54
36
55
47
95
78
9
26, 56, 69
59
57, 74
16, 93, 100
89
74
17
83
58
20
59
83, 94
60
38, 60, 62, 71, 75, 76
21
43, 63, 85
57
61, 70, 83
62
13, 49
37
19
43, 63, 85
Authors index
J
Jacobsen Sven-Erik
Jakovljević Dragica
Janse Jaap
Jansen Steven
Jeney Galina
Jeney Zsigmond
Jevtović Jelena
Jovanović Ljubinko
Jovanović Zorica
Jovičić Petrović Jelena
K
Kalušević Ana
Kandić Vesna
Karaklajić-Stajić Žaklina
Karličić Vera
Kiković Dragan
Kittelsen Arne
Klaus Anita
Kloppmann Wolfram
Kljujev Igor
Kojić Milan
Kokić Bojana
Kokolj Maja
Kolstad Kari
Korać Nada
Körmöczi Péter
Kostadinović Ljiljana
Kovačić Dragana
Kozarski Maja
Kozoderović Jelena
Kredics László
Krstić Branka
Krška Boris
Kuzmanović Nemanja
L
Lalević Blažo
Leposavić Aleksandar
Leskošek-Čukalović Ida
Lević Jovanka
Lević Steva
Lisjak Miroslav
Lukić Milan
24, 72
39
22
64, 90
26
26
42
53, 79
52, 72, 86, 93
65, 67, 98
57, 74
95
34
67
67
26
39, 66, 102
103
37, 65, 67
55
33, 35
89
26
75
53
35
51
39, 66, 102
78
53, 79
51, 91, 92
71
43, 63, 85
65
34
54, 74
19, 33, 35
28, 57, 74
88
75
107
Authors index
M
Mačukanović-Jocić Marina
Maestri Elena
Maksimović Ivana
Malidžan Slavojka
Mandić Vesna
Marinković Jelena
Marjanović Milena
Marković Nebojša
Marković Zoran
Marmiroli Nelson
Mascia Tiziana
Matijašević Danka
Matijašević Saša
Matović Gordana
McAinsh R. Martin
Mihajlović Mirjana
Mihić Salapura Jelena
Mikić Aleksandar
Miladinović Dragana
Miladinović Jegor
Milatović Dragan
Miličević Tihomir
Milovanović Mirjana
Miočinović Jelena
Mirković Nemanja
Mirosavljević Milan
Mitrović Olga
Morris Hugh
N
Nedeljković Aleksandar
Nedović Viktor
Nešić Kristina
Nikićević Ninoslav
Nikolić Dragan
Nikolić Nada
Nikšić Miomir
O
Obradović Aleksa
Ognjanov Vladislav
Ordidge Matthew
P
Pajić Miloš
Pajić Vesna
108
41, 96, 97
12
88
76
29, 42
100
52, 93, 100
68
26, 56, 69
12
21
74
48
61, 70
86
28
51
17
17
17
38, 71, 76
91, 92
72, 100
29, 36, 50, 73, 87
47, 50, 55
88
34
64
36, 73, 87
28, 50, 54, 57, 74, 89
54
57
38, 62, 71, 75, 76, 77
81
39, 66, 102
43, 63, 85
75
49
29
78
Authors index
Panković Dejana
Pantić Olivera
Pantović Jovana
Paunović Dragana
Paunović Dušanka
Pavlićević Milica
Pavlović Danijela
Pavlović Vladimir
Pećinar Ilinka
Pejić Ivan
Pekić Quarrie Sofija
Pešić Mirjana
Petrić Dušan
Petrović Milica
Petrović Tanja
Petrušić Milica
Plauborg Finn
Počuča Vesna
Poleksić Vesna
Popp Jürgen
Prokić Anđelka
Prokić Ljiljana
Pržić Zoran
Pucarević Mira
Puđa Predrag
Puławska Joanna
Putnik-Delić Marina
Q
Quarrie Steve
R
Radić Danka
Radošević Radenko
Radovanović Dragica
Radovanović Mira
Radovanović Vesna
Radović Aleksandar
Radulović Zorica
Ragab Ragab
Raičević Vera
Rajić Jasmina
Rajković Andreja
Rakonjac Vera
Rančić Dragana
Ranković-Vasić Zorica
Raspor Peter
Rašković Božidar
53, 79
80
81
89
47
82, 100
40
39
16, 64, 90
15
16, 64, 84, 90
28
84
27, 41, 96, 97
28, 50, 74, 89
47, 50
10
83
26, 56, 69, 84
73
43, 63, 85
52, 86, 93
68
79
36, 73, 87
43
88
84, 95
65
16
78
36, 73, 87
103
71
36, 47, 50, 55
70
37, 65, 67, 98
89
25
38, 62, 75, 76
16, 64, 90
76, 77
18
26, 56, 69
109
Authors index
Relić Renata
Ristić Danijela
Rösch Petra
Rothballer Michael
Rudić Željka
Ružić Đurđina
S
Sabovljević Aneta
Sabovljević Marko
Salasan Cosmin
Sarić-Krsmanović Marija
Saulić Markola
Savić Milena
Savić Slađana
Schmid Michael
Sebők Andras
Sokolović Milka
Sørensen Mette
Spasić Milan
Spasojević Ivana
Spasojević Radomir
Stajić Slaviša
Stanković Ivana
Stanković Marko
Stanojević Slađana
Stevanović Snežana
Stikić Radmila
Stojićević Darko
Stričević Ružica
Š
Šatović Zlatko
Šavikin Katarina
Šćepanović Danijela
Šešlija Aleksandra
Šilc Urban
Škugor Stanko
Šoštarić Ivan
Špoljarević Marija
Štolfa Ivna
T
Tanasković Snežana
Teklić Tihana
Teodorović Smilja
Todić Slavica
110
69
91, 92
73
37
98
34
81, 101
81, 101
84
99
99
74
93, 100
37
28
11
26
26, 56, 69
65
87
74
51, 91, 92
26, 56, 69
82, 95, 100
100
16, 52, 68, 72, 86, 90, 93, 100
40
94
41
59
84
95
27, 96, 97, 99
26
41, 96, 97
88
88
84
88
98
48, 75
Authors index
Todorčević Marijana
Todorović Mladen
Todorović Nina
Tomašević Igor
Topisirović Goran
Trkulja Vojislav
U
Uzelac Gordana
V
Vagvolgy Csaba
van Griensven Leo J.L.D.
Varga Ana
Veberič Robert
Velojović Sonja
Veljović Mile
Vrbničanin Sava
Vrvić Miroslav M.
Vucelić-Radović Biljana
Vučinić Željko
Vučurović Ana
Vujičić Milorad
Vujović Bojana
Vujović Tatjana
Vukmirović Đuro
Vukojević Dalibor
Vunduk Jovana
Ž
Žarković Branka
Živanov Milorad
Životić Ljubomir
Žižak Željko
26
83
39
29
84
51
55
79
39
35
59
54
54
40, 99
39
72, 82, 95, 100
86
51, 91, 92
101
98
34
33
56, 69
39, 66, 102
103
88
103
66
111

Challenges for Research Improvements in Agriculture

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