BusinessCentre

Volume III Number 18 July 2008
Competitive advantages
of NGV and refuelling
components
Malaysia
Car owners line up
at NGV conversion
centres
India
Orders for CNG
conversion kits are
doubling-up
II Fiera Mondiale dei Veicoli a
Gas Naturale ed Idrogeno
II World Fair of NGVs & H2Vs
Sponsor
Gold
Sponsor
Hosted by
Sponsor
Silver
Sponsor
Silver
Supported by
Supported by
Organizzatore
Organizer
Energia pulita per un mondo sostenibile
Clean energy for a sustainable world
Esposizione - Ciclo di Conferenze Magistrali
Exhibition - Master Conferences
Dal 25 al 27 settembre 2008
September 25-27, 2008
Lingotto Fiere, Padiglione 1 - Torino, Italia
Lingotto Fiere, Pavilion 1 - Turin, Italy
www.ngvworldfair.com
[email protected]
2
July 2008
Summary
04
Asian NGV Communications is a publication
of NGV Communications Group, publishing
house and fairs-conferences organizer:
www.ngvgroup.com
In Europe, we print The Gas Vehicles Report,
GVR, and www.ngvguide.com, the
International NGV Guide.
In Argentina, the Group publishes Prensa
Vehicular, Argentine CNG Guide, maps,
books and brochures while in Brazil, Folha
do GNV, Brazilian NGV Guide, maps and
posters, among others. In Peru Prensa
Vehicular Peru. More info: www.ngvgroup.com
The signed articles are exclusive responsibility of
the authors, as well as advertising companies and
agencies are responsible for the published ads.
is member of the
ANGVA (Asia Pacific
NGV Association)
KOREA
300-5, Changchon-Ri ■ Namsan-Myun
Chuncheon-Si ■ Kangwon-Do ■ 200-911
Tel. and fax.: +82 33 260 3419
+31 20 420 1076
[email protected] ■ www.asiangv.com
PERU
Av. Brasil 3222 oficina 403 - A
Magdalena del Mar - RUC: 20513085576
CP: Lima 17- [email protected]
Asia, the largest NGV region with
4.2 M vehicles and 5,000 stations
Asia as the region had about 2 million
NGVs at the beginning of 2007,
increased to almost 3.5 million by early
2008. By May 2008, Asia has ...
15
Thai’s NGV development
strategy
The government draws a plan to
increase numbers of NGVs and NG
stations by 2012. Gas consumption in
transport sector will be multiplied as ...
16
Malaysian commuters are
turning towards NGVs
More and more Malaysian residents
choose to switch over to NGVs. Due to
the rising demand in vehicle conversion
workshops, car owners who wish ...
18
P1 billion funding for public
transport sector
25
Equipment suppliers and
the competitive advantages
20
Request for CNG conversion
kits in India is doubled
33
GNV2009, a world NGV expo
in Spain
21
Iran to limit gasoline cars
production to 40% only
34
New OEM NGVs: Toyota
Altis CNG variant
23
Pakistan to adopt EURO 2
by 2009
36
Asian statistics with
world reviews
ITALY
Vicolo Gonzaga 13 ■ 46045 Marmirolo (Mn)
Tel.: +39 0376 294055
[email protected] ■ www.thegvr.com
ARGENTINA
Uspallata 711 ■ CP 1268 ■ Capital Federal
Tel./Fax: +54 11 43074559 /5201/ 43006137
[email protected]
www.prensavehicular.com
BRASIL
Av. Rio Branco, 131 Sala 1.701
CEP: 20040-006 Rio de Janeiro - RJ
Tel: + (55 21) 2215-0799 ■ + (5521) 2232-6798
[email protected] ■ www.folhadognv.com
Printed: Rigraph S.R.L.
• Constitución 4, 28.511 Madrid - España
• Tilcara 3.146, Buenos Aires
Copies Distribution
We print and mail to 24
countries about 4.000 copies
addressed to governmental
related offices, OEM and Oil
& Gas companies,
associations, related NGV
industries, refuelling stations,
workshops and suppliers,
according the following list
(some figures rounded):
Armenia: 0.3%
Australia: 4.1%
Azerbaijan: 0.2%
Bangladesh: 5.0%
China: 10.9%
Egypt: 1.9%
India: 9.5%
Indonesia: 1.6%
Iran: 7.0%
Israel: 0.1%
Japan: 10.2%
Korea: 5.1%
Malaysia: 6.6%
Myanmar: 0.5%
New Zealand: 1.0%
Pakistan: 11.4%
Philippines: 3.6%
Russia:4.3%
Singapore: 3.1%
Taiwan: 0.2%
Thailand: 5.8%
Turkey: 5.5%
United Arab Emirates: 2.1%
Vietnam: 0.1%
In addition, the magazine is
sent to over 19.300 readers
in 94 countries
by e-mail (.pdf) and is also online
in www.ngvgroup.com
If your NGV business is in Asia,
advertise with us.
Asian NGV Communications
300-14, Changchon-Ri,
Namsan-Myun,
Chuncheon-Si,
Kangwon-Do,
200-911 KOREA
Tel : +31 20 420 1076
Tel : +82 33 260 3419
e-mail: [email protected]
4
July 2008
Asia, the largest NGV region with
4.2M vehicles and 5,000 stations
On June 3rd -5th 2008, the 11th World
NGV Conference & Exhibition—
NGV2008- was held in Brazil. The
event, which was promoted by IANGV,
IBP, and NGV Communications
Group—the mother company of Asian
NGV Communications- was joined by
exhibitors and visitors from around the
world including Asia. The next IANGV
fair and conference will be held in June
2010 in Rome, to be hosted by
Consorzio NGV system Italia and
organised by NGV Communications
Group. Prior to that, the 2nd World Fair
of NGVs, biogas & H2Vs which will be
held in Turin city, Italy in September this
year, is the bridge to the NGV2010 fair
in Rome.
During the NGV2008 conference
opening, John Lyon, IANGV President,
commented that the world is learning
about NGV challenges and success.
“This fuel is being considered as a
practical alternative for the market and
the environment. An accumulated
growth of millions of vehicles in several
countries takes place on yearly basis.
NG is a flexible, viable and sustainable
energy for the world”.
The statement is justified in Asia as the
region had about 2 million NGVs at the
beginning of 2007, increased to almost
3.5 million by early 2008. By May 2008,
Asia has become the biggest NGV
region with its 4.2 million NGVs and
5,000 NG refuelling stations, accounting
for 49% and 40% of the world’s NGV
and station population respectively. On
a country level, Pakistan even leads the
refuelling sector as it homes the world’s
largest CNG fuelling network with its
1,923 stations. The key question is,
“Which market is promising the biggest
growth in both NGV and station
population? Will Asia remain as the
most attractive market?”
To answer that question, we have to
refer to recent news and statistics,
amongst others. According to the world
NGV statistics, Asian countries targeted
a big increase in both vehicle and
fuelling sectors, and, thus, will remain
as the most attractive market in the
industry. In brief, the short and
medium-terms targets are as follows:
760 more stations in Iran for the
construction period 2008-May 2009
and hundreds thousands of OEM NGVs
to be produced; 4,100 more stations
may be installed in Pakistan as over
6,100 NG station licenses have been
issued; 270,000 more NGVs for China
in two years from now; 100-500 more
stations for Malaysia for 2008-2013 that
might allow the operation of 1 million
NGVs by 2015; 27,000-47,000 more
vehicles and 150 more stations for
Thailand by the end of this year. And
many other countries with a steady big
growth in terms of vehicles and fuelling
amenities—such as Armenia,
Bangladesh, India, Korea, Russia as
well as Japan and the promising
Myanmar—increase the attractiveness
of this region.
In Bangladesh, the government plans to
add 5,000 CNG auto-rickshaws in
Dhaka, the capital city. At the moment,
the authorities are revising terms and
conditions of this scheme.
To support fuelling station business,
recently a committee has been formed
to set a one-stop service for CNG
station owners.
PTT in Thailand even came with a plan
to switch 25 LPG stations in the
country to CNG ones. NG supply will be
increased from the current 1,025
tonnes/day to 5,464 tonnes/day at the
end of 2008. The PM Samak
Sundaravej announced that Bangkok
Mass Transit Authority plans to replace
its bus fleet with 6,000 NG buses.
Several car/pick-up manufacturers have
benefited from introducing CNG models
in their assortment as revenues
increased due to big sales of NGVs.
Small & Medium Enterprises
Development Bank of Thailand even
provides a loan for purchase of new
NGVs, to cover up to 90% of the
vehicle’ price and offers a seven-year
term. As oil price touched US$
135/barrel in the international market,
gasoline price was increased to 40
THB/lt, making CNG more favourable
and cheaper compared to other fuels.
As many other countries, Thailand is
concerned about the forecasted oil
price hike that would reach US$
141/barrel by the second-half of 2008
according to Goldman Sachs.
In New Delhi city in India, the number of
private vehicles switching to CNG grew
by 48% in the first nine-months of fiscal
year 2007-2008. Ten per cent of all
private cars in Delhi are powered by
CNG nowadays. This growth is also
caused by the rise in oil price, which is
retailed at Rs45.52/lt for gasoline, Rs
31.76/lt for diesel compared to cheap
CNG sold at Rs 20/kg. Due to the
same reason, there is a surge of
interest in CNG kits. In Mumbai city
which owns 200 vehicle conversion
centres, retrofit request increased by at
least 20% in certain workshops.
In Jakarta city in Indonesia, there is a
plan to switch all public transport and
government vehicles to NGVs by 2010.
Currently there are about 3,000 public
and government vehicles are running on
NG in Jakarta. It is expected that in
2010, there will be 92,000 units of
these vehicles powered by CNG, and
thus, the same amount of conversion
kits are needed. In the refuelling sector,
several investors have asked for permits
to build 500 units of NG stations
according to the Head of Jakarta
Mining Agency, Peni Susanti.
6
July 2008
420万辆车及5000座加气站
亚洲成为最大天然气汽车市场
2008年6月3日到5日，第11届世界天然气汽车大会暨展览——
NGV2008在巴西举行。这届展会由国际天然气汽车协会（IANGV）、巴西石油与天然气研究所（IBP）和天然气汽
车传媒集团（NGV Communications Group,“亚洲天然气通讯杂志”的母公司）
共同承办，吸引了来自世界各地的参展商和观众。下一届IANGV展会将于2010年6月在罗马举行，意大利的Consor
zio天然气汽车系统公司和天然气汽车传媒集团将承办该届大会。此前，作为2010年IANGV展会的序曲，意大利都
灵在今年9月举办了“第二届世界天然气汽车、生物气和氢气汽车博览会”。
在NGV2008大会开幕式上，, IANGV主席John Lyon 先生说 ， 世界各地正在收获天然气汽车产业的成功发展，
同时也要应对它带来的挑战。“天然气被认为是相对传统燃料和改善环境切实可行的替代燃料。每年，在一些国家
都有着成百万辆的天然气汽车在市场上出现。天然气以其便利性、可行性以及可持续供应的特点受到世界瞩目。”
上述论述在亚洲市场得到了很好的印证。2007年初，亚洲就有200万辆的天然气汽车保有量，而到了2008年早期
，这一数字上升为350万辆。到2008年5月，亚洲以420万辆车、5000座加气站的纪录，分别占世界天然气汽车保
有量的49%，和加气站保有量的40%。巴基斯坦拥有1923座加气站，其网络之大居于世界首位。而关键的问题在于
：“未来，哪里将成为天然气汽车及加气站成长最快的地区？还会是亚洲吗？”
为了回答这个问题，我们有必要来看一下最近的新闻和统计数据。根据世界天然气汽车统计数据，未来亚洲无论
在天然气汽车数量和加气站数量方面都有着高增长的规划，因此，仍将成为该产业最具吸引力的地区。统观亚洲
各国发展规划，伊朗将在2008年5月到2009年5月间新建760座加气站，生产数以千计的OEM车型，而巴基斯坦将新
建4100座加气站，目前已经有6100张建站许可证被政府发出。未来两年，中国将新增27万辆天然气汽车。2008年
到2至今年年底，泰国将新建150座加气站，新添27000到47000辆天然气汽车。此外，亚美尼亚、孟加拉、印度、
韩国、俄罗斯以及日本和缅甸都在天然气汽车和基础设施方面稳步发展，显示了亚洲在这块市场的良好前景。
孟加拉政府计划在首都达卡增加5000辆天然气三轮机动车。为此，政府当局在完善相关法规，为其发展提供最为
便利的条件。例如政府最近就成立的一个委员会为加气站的建设提供一站式服务。
泰国国家油气公司（PTT）甚至计划将该国的25座LPG加气站全部改为天然气加气站。根据规划，到2008年底，天
然气每天的供应量将从目前的1025吨提高到5464吨。该国首相Samak先生宣布泰国的公共运输管理当局将更换原
有6000辆公家车为天然气车型。随着销量的上升，很多引入天然气车型的轿车和皮卡制造商获益颇丰。泰国中小
企业发展银行为天然气汽车的购买提供了贷款，贷款额度高达汽车售价的90%，且还款期限长达7年。随着石油价
格达到135元/桶，汽油价格在泰国高达40泰铢/升，因此CNG的优势立刻得到显现。根据Goldman
Sachs的说法，泰国预计2008年下半年国际油价将达到141美元/桶。
在印度的新德里，改为天然气汽车的私家车数量在2007年的前9个月增长了48%。现在，德里的私人轿车中有10%
是天然气车型。主要原因是当地汽油和柴油价格分别达到45.52卢比/升和31.76/升，而CNG仅售20卢比/公斤。同
样的原因刺激了CNG汽车改装件市场的发展。孟买地区的天然气汽车改装中心达到200家，在一些改装厂，其改装
数量至少上升了20%。
根据印尼雅加达政府的规划，到2010年，所有的公共车辆和政府车辆将是天然气汽车。目前，雅加达共拥有3000
辆天然气的公共和政府车辆。预计，到2010年将新增92000辆天然气汽车，因此市场需求同样数量的改装件。根
据雅加达矿业部主任Peni Susanti的介绍，目前有若干投资者正在申请建设约500座加气站。
8
July 2008
아시아, 420만대 천연가스자동차와 5천개
충전소를 보유한 가장 큰 NGV 도입 지역
2008년 6월 3일부터 5일까지 제 11회 세계천연가스자동차 총회 및 전시회가 브라질에서 개최되었다. IANGV,
IBP, 아시아 NGV Communication의 모회사인 NGV Communication Group에 의해 진행된 이 행사는
아시아를 포함한 세계 전역의 출품자와 관람객들이 참여하였다. 차기 IANGV 전시회 및 총회는 2010년 6월
로마에서 개최될 예정이며, Consorzio NGV system Italia가 주최, NGV Communications Group이 주관한다.
이 총회 이전에 biogas & H2Vs가 올해 9월 이탈리아 Turin시에서 열리게 되며 이는 로마에서 열리는
NGV2010 행사를 잇는 중개역할을 할 것이다.
NGV2008 행사의 개회식에서 IANGV 회장인 John Lyon은 세계가 NGV를 향한 도전과 성공에 대하여
알아가고 있다고 발표했다. “이 연료는 시장과 환경을 위한 실용적인 대안으로 간주되고 있다. 몇몇
국가에서는 해마다 수백만 대의 NGV 증가(누적)를 보이고 있다. 천연가스는 사용이 용이하고, 실용적이고
지속 가능한 세계를 위한 에너지이다.”라고 말했다.
이것은 NGV가 2007년 초 200만대에서 2008년 초까지 거의 350만대 가까이 증가한 아시아 지역에서는
충분히 일리가 있는 이야기이다. 2008년 5월, 아시아는 420만대의 NGV와 5,000개의 천연가스 충전소를
갖추며 각각 세계 NGV와 충전소수의 49%와 40%를 차지하여 세계에서 가장 큰 NGV 보급 지역이 되었다.
국가별로는 파키스탄이 1,923개의 충전소를 갖추어, 세계적으로 가장 큰 CNG 충전 네트워크의 본국으로서
충전분야를 이끌고 있다. 여기서 핵심 질문은 “어느 시장이 NGV와 충전소 양 분야에서 가장 큰 성장
가능성이 있는가? 아시아는 가장 매력적인 시장으로 남을 것인가?” 이다.
그 질문에 답하기 위하여 우리는 최근 뉴스와 통계 자료를 참고해야 한다. 세계 NGV 통계자료에 따르면,
아시아 국가들은 자동차와 충전부분의 현저한 증가를 목표로 삼았으며 이 산업에서 가장 매력적인 시장으로
남을 것이다. 요컨대, 단ㆍ중기적 목표는 다음과 같다: 이란은 2008년부터 2008년부터 2009년 5월까지
760개의 충전소 추가 건설, 수십만 대의 OEM NGV를 생산 예정이며, 파키스탄은 6,100개의 천연가스 충전소
설치가 허가되었으므로 4,100개의 충전소가 추가로 건설될 예정이고, 중국은 지금부터 2년 내에 자국에
270,000대의 NGV가 추가 도입 예정이다. 2015년까지 100만 대의 NGV가 운행 예정인 말레이시아에
2008~2013년까지 100~500개의 충전소 추가 도입, 올해 말까지 태국은 27,000~47,000대의 차량과
150개의 충전소 도입 예정이다.
차량과 충전시설로 볼 때, 안정된 큰 성장을 보인 많은 국가들, 예를 들면 아르메니아, 방글라데시, 인도,
한국, 러시아뿐만 아니라 일본과 장래성이 있는 미얀마는 아시아 지역에의 주의를 점차 증가시키고 있다.
방글라데시 정부는 수도인 다카에 5,000대의 CNG 소형삼륜차를 추가로 도입할 계획이다. 현재 당국은 이
계획의 기간 및 상황을 검토 중에 있다. 충전설비사업을 지원하기 위해 최근 CNG 충전소 소유주를 위한
원스톱 서비스에 대한 계획 수립을 위해 위원회가 구성되었다.
태국의 PTT는 심지어 자국 내 25개의 LPG 충전소를 CNG 충전소로 바꾸는 계획을 하고 있다. 천연가스 일일
공급량이 현재 1,025톤에서 2008년 말에는 5,464톤으로 증가될 것이다. PM Samak Sundaravej는 방콕
교통국이 기존의 버스를 6,000대의 새 천연가스버스로 교체하기로 하였다고 전하였다. 몇몇 자동차/소형트럭
제조업체들은 NGV의 대량판매로 인한 수익이 증가하여, 사업분야에 CNG 모델을 소개하는 것으로부터
이익을 보고있다.
태국의 중소기업 개발은행은 심지어 NGV 신차 구입에 대해 차량가격의 90%까지 대출을 제공하며 7년의
대출상환기간을 제공하기로 하였다. 세계시장에서 유가가 US$ 135/barrel에 도달하고 휘발유 가격이 40
THB/lt로 인상되었기 때문에 CNG는 다른 연료에 비해 더 인기 있고 저렴한 연료가 되고 있다. Goldman
Sach에 의하면 많은 다른 나라들과 마찬가지로 2008년 하반기까지 유가가 US$ 141/barrel으로 인상할
것으로 보여 태국은 유가 인상에 관심을 가지고 있다.
인도의 뉴델리에서는 2007~2008 회계연도의 처음 9달 동안 CNG로 개조하는 사유 차량의 수가 48%나
증가하였다. 델리 내 모든 사유차량의 10%가 현재 CNG로 운행되고 있다. 이 CNG 개조비율의 증가는 Rs
20/kg에 판매되고 있는 저렴한 CNG연료에 비해 휘발유는 Rs45.52/lt, 디젤은 Rs 31.76/lt에 소매되는
원유가격의 상승에 기인한 것이다. 같은 이유로 CNG kits에 대한 관심이 급증되고 있다. 200개의 자동차
개조센터를 보유한 뭄바이의 한 작업장은 개조(retrofit) 주문이 최소 20%나 증가하였다.
인도네시아의 자카르타에서는 2010년까지 모든 대중교통수단과 관용차량을 NGV로 교체할 계획이다. 현재는
약 3,000대의 관공차량이 천연가스로 운행되고 있다. 2010년에는 92,000대의 차량이 CNG로 운행될 것으로
보이며, 그에 따라 같은 양의 개조 kit가 필요할 것으로 생각된다. 충전분야를 살펴볼 때 자카르타
광업협회장인 Peni Susanti에 따르면 여러 투자자들이 500개의 NG 충전소를 건설하기 위한 허가를 요구하고
있다고 한다.
10
July 2008
アジア：世界最大のＮＧＶ普及地域
ＮＧＶ４２０万台、天然ガススタンド
５,０００ヶ所
２００８年６月３日から５日までブラジルで第１１回国際ＮＧＶ会議・展示会（NGV2008）が開催された。ＩＡＮＧＶ，
ＩＢＰ，Asian NGV Communications誌を発行しているNGV Communications
Group主催のこの会議はアジアを含む世界各国から会議や展示の参加者を得た。次回の国際ＮＧＶ会議・展示会は、ＮＧＶ
システムイタリア、NGV Communications
Groupの主催で２０１０年６月にイタリア・ローマで開催される。その前段として、今年の９月には第２回ＮＧＶ・バイオ
ガス・水素国際フェアがイタリアのトリノで開催され、ローマでのＮＧＶ２０１０への架け橋になる。
ＮＧＶ２００８のオープニングで、ジョン・リヨンＩＡＮＧＶ会長は、世界はＮＧＶのチャレンジと成功を学んでいると
言及した。「天然ガスは市場と環境に実用的な代替燃料であると考えられている。いくつかの国々で無数の車の普及が毎
年起こっている。天然ガスは世界でフレキシブルな、成長しうる持続可能なエネルギーである。」
この発言はアジアにおいては正しい。というのは、２００７年初めに２００万台のＮＧＶが普及し、２００８年の初めま
でに約３５０万台に達している。２００８年５月には、ＮＧＶ普及台数４２０万台、天然ガススタンド５,０００ヶ所とい
う世界で最大のＮＧＶ普及地域になった。この数字は、世界のＮＧＶの４９％、天然ガススタンドの４０％を占めるもの
である。各国ごとに見ると、パキスタンが世界最大の１,９２３ヶ所の天然ガススタンドネットワークを持ち、スタンドに
ついては進んでいる。ここで重要な問いは、「ＮＧＶと天然ガススタンドでは、どちらの市場が最大成長を約束されてい
るのか？アジアはもっとも魅力的な市場でなり続けられるのか？」ということである。
この質問に答えるため、最新のニュースや普及データに触れなければならない。世界のＮＧＶ普及状況では、アジア諸国
はＮＧＶも天然ガススタンドも大きな普及の伸びを示しており、ＮＧＶ業界は最も魅力的な市場であり続けるだろう。要
するに中短期的には次のようになる。イランでは、２００８年から２００９年５月までに７６０ヶ所以上の天然ガススタ
ンドが建設され、多数のＯＥＭ車が生産される。パキスタンでは、６,１００ヶ所の天然ガススタンド設置免許に対して４
,１００ヶ所以上が実際にスタンド建設されるかもしれない。中国では２年以内に２７万台のＮＧＶが導入され、マレーシ
アでは
２０１５年までに１００万台のＮＧＶに対応するために２００８年から２０１３年に１００から５００ヶ所以上の天然ガ
ススタンドを設置予定である。今年の暮れまでにはタイでは２万７千台から４万７千台のＮＧＶ，１５０ヶ所以上の天然
ガススタンドが予定されている。そして、アルメニア、バングラディッシュ、インド、韓国、ロシア、日本では、ＮＧＶ
，天然ガススタンドとも堅調な大きな伸びを示すだろう。そして将来あるミャンマーもこの地域の魅力を増大させる。
バングラディッシュでは、首都ダッカでさらに５,０００台のＣＮＧ三輪車の導入を政府は計画している。同時にこれを実
行するために期限や条件の見直しを実施している。天然ガススタンドビジネスを援助するために、最近ではＣＮＧスタン
ドオーナー対してワンストップサービスを提供できるよう委員会を設置した。
タイのＰＴＴでは、２５ヶ所のＬＰＧスタンドをＣＮＧスタンドに切り替える計画を行なってきた。このため、２００８
年末には現在の１,０２５トン／日から５,４６４トン／日に天然ガス供給が増えるだろう。PM Samak
Sundaravejは、Bangkok Mass Transit
Authorityが６,０００台のＣＮＧバスに切り替えると発表した。いくつかの自動車メーカーは、販売車種にＮＧＶを入れ
ることにより大きな売上げが生じ、収入が増えた。タイの中小企業開発銀行では、車両価格の９０％まで、７年間のＮＧ
Ｖ購入ローンを用意している。国際原油市場では１バレル当たり１３５米ドルになり、ガソリン価格は１リットル４０バ
ーツまで上昇している。このため、ＣＮＧはより割安感が生じている。他の多くの国々のようにゴールドマンサックスが
予想している２００８年第２四半期に１バレル１４１米ドルに届くような原油高をタイでは心配している。
インドのニューデリーでは、ＣＮＧに切り替える自家用車の数が２００７－２００８会計年度の最初の９ヶ月で全体の
４８％まで成長した。デリーの自家用車の１０％が現在ではＣＮＧ車である。この現象は原油価格の上昇によっても引き
起こされている。つまり、ガソリン１リットル４５.５２ルピー、軽油が３１.７６ルピーに対して、ＣＮＧは１ｋｇ２０
ルピーと安い。同様の理由でＣＮＧ改造キットに対する需要が激しい。２００ヶ所の改造工場があるムンバイでは、少な
くとも２０％以上の改造注文が増えた工場もある。
インドネシアのジャカルタでは、２０１０年までにすべての公共交通機関と政府公用車をＮＧＶにする計画がある。現在
、ジャカルタでは３千台の公共交通機関、政府公用車が天然ガスで走っている。２０１０年には９万２千台がＣＮＧ車に
なり、同数のＣＮＧ改造キットが必要になるだろう。充填スタンドでは、ジャカルタのMining AgencyのPeni
Susanti長官に よると、複数の会社が５００ヶ所のＣＮＧスタンド設置許可を求めている。
the
50 th
anniversary
Genuine Solution, one name - Doosan Infracore
Natural Gas Engine
Automotive Application
GE08TI
GE12TI
191kW@2300rpm
250kW@2100rpm
Ŧ Bus & Truck Use
Doosan natural gas engine is
Environmentally friendly,
Highly fuel efficient, Dynamic, and
Durable
Generator Application
GE08TI
GE12TI
GV158TI
GV180TI
GV222TI
141kW@1500rpm
187kW@1500rpm
253kW@1500rpm
319kW@1500rpm
385kW@1500rpm
Ŧ Co-Gen & Industrial Use
Ŧ Available at 1800rpm
http://engine.doosaninfracore.co.kr
Seoul office : Engines & Materials BG, Doosan Infracore Co., Ltd. 23rd Floor, Doosan Tower, 18-12, Euljiro 6-ga, Jung-gu, Seoul, Korea.
Tel : +82-2-3398-8530~8546 Fax : +82-2-3398-8509 Email : [email protected]
12
July 2008
Asia, benua NGV terbesar dengan 4.2M
kendaraan dan 5,000 stasiun
Pada tanggal 3 Juni lalu telah
diselenggarakan konferensi dan
pameran NGV international-NGV2008di Brazil. Exhibitor dan pengunjung dari
manca negara termasuk Asia ikut
berpartisipasi si acara yang
diselenggarakan oleh IANGV, IBP, dan
NGV Communications Group (ibu
perusahaan dari Asian NGV
Communications) ini. Konferensi dan
expo mendatang akan dilaksanakan
pada bulan Juni 2010 di Roma oleh
Konsorsium NGV Itali dan NGV
Communications Group. Sebelum itu,
2nd World Fair of NGVs, biogas & H2Vs
yang akan diselenggarakan di kota
Turin, Itali September mendatang, akan
menjembatani NGV2008 dan NGV2010
di Roma.
Pada acara pembukaan forum 2008 ini,
John Lyon, President IANGV
menyatakan bahwa seluruh dunia
mempelajari tantangan dan sukses dari
bisnis NGV. “Bahan bakar ini dilihat
sebagai alternatif praktis bagi industri
transport dan lingkungan hidup. Jutaan
NGVs ditambahkan di armada
kendaraan di beberapa negara pada
tiap tahunnya. NG adalah sumber enerji
yang flexible, feasibel dan
berkesinambungan bagi seluruh dunia.
Pernyataan ini berlaku bagi Asia yang
memiliki 2M NGVs di tahun 2007 dan
3.5M di awal tahun 2008. Pada bulan
Mei 2008, Asia telah menjadi regio NGV
terbesar di dunia dengan 4.2M NGVs
dan 5,000 stasiun pengisian bahan
bakar NG, yang mewakili 49% dan 40%
dari total populasi kendaraan dan
stasiun NG dunia. Di segmen negara,
Pakistan memimpin si sektor stasiun
pengisian bahan bakar gas karena
negara ini mempunyai CNG statsiun
network terbesar di dunia dengan
1,923 unit stasiunnya. Pertanyaan
utama industri ini adalah,” Pasar
manakah yang menjanjikan
perkembangan terbesar di bidang
NGVs dan stasiun? Apakah Asia akan
tetap berperan sebagai pangsa pasar
paling menarik di inustri ini?”
Jawaban dari pertanyaan di atas dapat
dilihat di data statistik dan berita-berita
NGV paling akhir. Menurut statistik
global NGV, negara-negara Asia
menargetkan peningkatan jumlah kendaraaan dan stsiun NG dalam jumlah
yang besar. Dengan demikian, regio ini
menggaris bawahi posisinya sebagai
pangsa pasar palingmenarik di industri
ini. Singkatnya, berikut ini adalah target
jangka pendek dan menegah dari
negara-negara tersebut: 760 stasiun
tambahan di Iran untuk periode
konstruksi 2008-Mei 2009 dan ratusan
ribu mobil berbahan bakar NG akan
diproduksi dalam periode tersebut;
4,100 stasiun baru bagi Pakistan yang
mana 6,100 sertifikat pebangunan
stasiun telah dikeluarkan oleh pihak
negara; 270,000 tambahan NGVs
dalam jangaka waktu dua tahun
mendatang; 100-500 stasiun tambahan
bagi Malaysia untuk periode 2008-2013
yang diharapkan akan memungkinkan
adopsi dari 1M NGvs dit ahun 2015;
tambahan dari 27,000-47,000 NGVs
dan 150 stasiun bagi Tailand hingga
akhir tahun ini. Selain itu, masih banyak
negara Asia lainnya yang mencatat
perkemabangan besar secara stabil di
dua sektor tersebut yang membuat
regio ini sangat menarik. Contoh
negara-negara tersebut adalah
Armenia, Bangladesh, India, Korea,
Rusia juga Jepang dan negara
Myanmar yang sangat menjanjikan.
Di Banglades, pemerintah
merencanakan untuk menambah 5,000
CNG auto-rickshaw di kota Dhaka. Saat
ini, pemerintah sedang merevisi
syarat-syarat dari program auto-rickshaw ini. Akhir-akhir ini, sebuah komite
dibentuk untuk membentuk one-stopservice bagi pemilik CNG stasiun untuk
menyuport bisnis mereka.
PTT di Tailand bahkan merencanakan
untuk mengubah 25 stasiun LPG
menjadi stasiun CNG. Suply NG akan
ditingkatakan dari 1,025 ton/hari
menjadi 5,646 ton/hari di akhir tahun.
Perdana Menteri Samak Sundaravej
mengumumkan bahwa pihak pengelola
kendaraan umum di Bangkok
berencana mengganti armada bisnya
dengan 6,000 NG bis. Beberapa pabrik
mobil/pick-up mengalami peningkatan
sales dari penjualan mobil-mobil CNG.
Small & Medium Enterprises
Development Bank di Tailand bahkan
menawarkan pinjaman uang sebayak
90% dari harga NGV baru dengan
jangka waktu pengembalian uang
selama 7 tahun. Karena harga minyak
mencapai US$ 135/barel di pasar
internasional, harga besin menignkat
menjadi 40 THB/lt, membuat CNG
makin menarik dan bertambah murah
dibanding harga bahan bakar lainnya.
Seperti banyak negara lainnya, Tailand
mersa prihatin dengan kenaikan harga
minyak yang diperkirakan oleh Goldman
Sachs akan mencapai US$ 141/barel di
semester kedua tahun ini.
Jumlah kendaraan pribadi yang
dimodifikasi menjadi NGVs di kota New
Delhi, India, telah meningkat sebayak
48% selama 9 bulan pertama dari
tahun anggaran 2007-2008. Sepuluh
persen dari total mobil pribadi di Delhi
menggunakan CNG. Pertumbuhan ini
juga disebabkan oleh kenaikan harga
minyak yang mana besin dijual seharga
RS 45.5/lt, diesel seharga Rs 31.76/lt
sedangakan CNG dijual dengan harga
Rs 20/kg. Konsekunsinya, demand
CNG kits meningkat banyak. Kota
Mumbai yang mempunyai 200 pusat
retrofit kendaraan (workshop),
permintaaan modifikasi kendaraan ke
NGV meningkat sebanyak 20% di
beberapa workshop.
Pemerintah kota Jakarta di Indonesia
telah membuat rencana untuk
mengganti seluruh armada kendaraan
umum dan pemerintah dengan NGVs di
tahun 2010. Pada saat ini, sekitar 3,000
kendaraan menggunakan CNG.
Diharapkan pada tahun 2010, 92,000
unit armada kendaraan pemerintah dan
umum akan beroperasi dengan bahan
bakar CNG. Dengan demikian, jumlah
conversion kits yang dibutuhkan juga
mencapai jumlah yang sama.
Meneurut kepala Dinas Pertambangan
Peni Susanti, di sektor stasiun bahan
bakar, beberapa investor sudah
mengajukan permohonan untuk
mendapatkan ijin untuk membangun
500 stasiun NG.
July 2008
13
14
July 2008
July 2008
15
Thailand continues to show a strong growth in the industry
Four new CNG cylinder manufacturers
Four manufacturers will produce CNG
cylinders in line with the Energy
Ministry's plan to increase gas
consumption from the current 6% to
20% by 2012. A combined amount of
790,000 cylinders/year can be
produced by these companies:
Metal-mate, Natural Gas Cylinder
(Thailand), Plus Lab and Korean
businessman Han Hung Choi.
The production will be started by end
2008 and in 2009.
It is expected that their entry into the
market will help lower the price of tanks
by 2,000 THB each and the cost of
equipment installation by 5,000
THB/set. This would also reduce the
installation cost from 50,000-60,000
THB/car to 38,000-55,000 THB.
About 790,000/year locally made CNG tanks will be produced by end 2008/2009
Development plan for NGV industry
Over 300,000 NGVs and 740 stations
by 2012.
Energy Minister Poonpirom
Liptapanlop said she had already
developed a 2008-2012 plan for
promoting CNG consumption,
anticipating an increase of NGV fleet
from the current level to 333,000
units in the next five years.
The volume of CNG consumption
should rise from 1,025-2,460
tonnes/day at present to 12,220
tonnes a day, while CNG refuelling
stations should increase to 740
stations by 2012.
The Minister also plans to increase
the number of trucks transporting
CNG from 900 units to 3,650 in 2012,
to transport 16,450 tonnes NG per
day.
In 2009, it is anticipated that CNG
stations will be available in all
provinces. On the other hand, the
government will spend 51.6 billion
THB on building two gas pipelines in
2011 and another one in 2012.
The first route of 250 km will be laid
along the Asia superhighway.
The second route, of 170 km, will run
along the Mitrapab superhighway. The
last route, which will be 270 kilome-
From 2008-2012, around 540 NG stations will be built in Thailand
tres, will be installed along the
Petchkasem.
In its effort to find an additional NG
supply, the country may have to import
LNG in 2010.
State Oil & Gas company PTT
informed Asian NGV
Communications that by 8 June
2008, there were 78,775 NGVs and
202 stations in Thailand.
16
July 2008
Malaysia goes NGVs
Private car owners rush to CNG
conversion workshops
Due to price increases of gasoline and
diesel, it is believed that demand for
NGVs will increase among car users.
In fact, demand for vehicle conversion
to NGVs in some workshops increased
by 5 to 10 times. Since the increase in
gasoline and diesel prices, about
500-1,000 phone calls with conversion
demand come in on daily basis,
according to Hijau MOG Sdn Bhd and
other conversion centres. A workshop
which normally has 8 customers a day
now has 20 or more vehicles lining up
to be retrofitted. In some workshops,
waiting period could be up to 1 month
due to the high demand.
Oil impact on transport sector
The transport sector is the biggest
consumer of energy according to the
Energy, Water and Communications
Ministry and Economic Planning Unit. In
2005, 40.5% of the commercial
demand came from this sector
compared to 38.6% from industrial
segment and 13.1% from residential
and commercial ones.
Consequently, the transport sector is
most affected by the new price hike.
According to the Transport Ministry,
about 85% of the public use private
transport. Local delivery charges were
doubled, public transport fares are
twice more expensive and other items
are expected to be priced higher.
This means that the wage structure has
to be adjusted. The Malaysian Trades
Union Congress Secretary-General, G.
Rajasegaran, proposes that salaries be
raised by up to 15%.
Meanwhile, the government tried to
curb the impact of high oil by offering
rebates to private car owners. Yet,
Federation of Malaysian Consumers
Associations sees that if fuel prices go
up further, the rebate scheme would not
be sufficient. Another option to cut fuel
cost is by car pooling or using public
transportation (more often). However,
car pooling is considered to be
impractical by many.
Using public transportation is not
always an option for some people,
especially for those who have to
commute very often on daily basis, to
drive and pick-up children from schools
and buy groceries, etc. There is also
concern on the time spent on public
transport in the morning, as it takes
considerably a lot more time to go to
work in this manner. For some, it means
that they have to get up at 4 a.m. in the
morning to go to work.
Finding the answer in NGVs
Since oil subsidy was reduced during
the first week of June, the retail prices
per litre for gasoline and diesel were
increased by RM 0.78 and RM 1
respectively. Currently, price for gasoline
is RM 2.70/litre while diesel costs RM
2.58/litre. On the other hand, CNG
price remains at RM 0.68/litre
equivalent gasoline. Considering this
price scheme, it is a viable solution to
switch to NGVs.
July 2008
The operational cost of NGVs is about
68% lower compared to operating
gasoline vehicles and 36% cheaper
compared to running diesel vehicles.
For some years already, the main issue
that delays a big growth in the NGV
adoption in the country lies in the
inadequate refuelling network. Malaysia
had 60 CNG stations by December
2007.
This year, however, Petronas, the state
oil & gas company, plans to open
another 200 CNG refuelling stations in
its existing network. A private company,
Global CNG Sdn Bhd, has approached
the government for a permission to
build up to 600 NG stations in a 5 years
period. The company is ready to start
the project should the permission be
granted and should Petronas agree to
supply the gas.
As Malaysia has 82.5 trillion cubic feet
of gas reserves, equal to two times of
the oil reserves, the sufficient supply of
this gas is guaranteed. Acting Kelantan
Menteri Besar Datuk Husam Musa
stated the important role of NG to the
country. "When natural gas is available
as an alternative fuel, there will no
longer be a need for the government to
have oil subsidy," he said in June.
Switching to NGVs
In general, the cost of conversion of a
normal car varies from RM 3,500 to RM
5,000 depending on the type and brand
of system installed.
An owner of Pajero who chose to install
NGV kits in his car has managed to cut
down fuel costs by almost 80%. It only
costs him about RM 0.09/km to run his
NG Pajero compared with the RM
0.50/km cost before he switched his
vehicle. The conversion cost is RM
8,800.
Another example of NGV user who
converted her Toyota Unser to NGV
said that she saves about RM
350/month since she uses NGVs.
Normally, it cost her around RM
400/month to run the vehicle with
gasoline compared to RM 50/month
with CNG. The system installation cost
her RM 4,500.
The payback period of converting a car
to NGV system ranges between 1-3
years. After that, there will be a fuel cost
saving of about RM 200-300/month
collected from price differences
between CNG and gasoline, or even
bigger if oil prices continue to increase.
Incentives
To support the industry, the government
17
offers waiver on import duties and sales
tax of NGV conversion kits.
Additionally, reduced road tax for NGVs
is offered, depending on the fuel type of
the vehicles: 50% reduction for dedicated NGVs, 25% discount for bi-fuel, and
25% for dual fuel vehicles.
Other countries
The story above is an example of the
impact of oil price on economy and
people. Other countries also face the
same problems and challenges.
Countries need to switch to alternative
fuels to cushion these negative impacts
of the gap between oil supply and
demand which currently take place in a
very rapid pace.
Demand for conversion to NGVs is up by
5-10 times
18
July 2008
The Philippines Government is expected to further endorse the use of “clean” vehicles
“Alternative Fuel Vehicles Act” can
help the adoption of AFVs
Stressing the need to look for long-term
solutions to the rising prices of gasoline,
the Philippines government’s active role in
pushing for the extensive use of alternative
fuel vehicles (AFVs) is very crucial.
By early June, Muntinlupa City
Representative, Rozzano Rufino B.
Biazon, had called on the House of
Representatives for the fast track
approval of a measure -House Bill (HB)
51- or the "Alternative Fuel Vehicles
Act” that he filed. The proposed bill
mandates promote the manufacture,
importation, sale, distribution, use and
development of hybrid or alternative fuel
vehicles in accordance with the objectives
of Republic Act 8749 or the Clean Air Act.
This Act has been pending since
August last year. And since oil prices
have skyrocketed and continue to
increase, larger scale of “clean” fuel
vehicles’ adoption is highly needed.
After the launch of CNG buses in the
Manila-Batangas route, it is expected
that wider use of AFVs will be feasible.
Oil price increase
Pressure from the oil price increase
continues. Socio-Economic Planning
Secretary Augusto Santos said that
world crude oil prices are projected to
reach US$ 140/barrel by the end of
2008. The Energy Secretary Angelo
Reyes also reminded that energy
analysts had predicted that the price of
oil would rise to between US$
150-200/barrel in 2008-2010. In the
Philippines, pump prices were
increased by the end of May, 1.50
P/litre more for diesel and kerosene and
1 P/litre more for gasoline.
Dedicated NGVs in 2010
The Land Transportation and
Franchising Regulatory Board (LTFRB) is
moving towards the adoption of
dedicated CNG public utility vehicles
(PUVs) by 2010. Two years from now,
all buses, taxis, and jeepneys, should
run on CNG according to Chairman
Thompson Lantion. At around P20 to
P25/litre equivalent diesel, CNG is a
cheaper option than “traditional” fuels.
The country aims for more energy
independency as CNG is made locally
and, thus, cheaper, he added.
July 2008
19
Arroyo offered P 1 billion
loan for engine conversion
The first hybrid PUVs running on LPG,
CNG, and electricity was launched
during the LTFRB anniversary on June
16. LPG jeepneys, diesel electric cars,
CNG electric cars, and dedicated CNGoperated PUVs were demonstrated.
On May 22, Transportation and
Communication Secretary Leandro
Mendoza said that President Gloria
Macapagal-Arroyo released a P1 billion
budget to allow PUVs access to loans
to convert their engines to hybrids.
However, the EV is considered to be
insufficient in terms of power for
city/metro use, and thus, should be
used in villages instead.
President Arroyo endorses the use of CNG in public jeepneys, buses, and taxis
President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo on
16 June announced a 1 billion pesos
free-interest-fee loan programme aimed
at helping the public transportation
sector switching to alternative fuels.
The programme will be funded by
additional collections from the VAT on
oil, which was reported to have hit P4
billion as of April.
The Energy, Science, Trade, and
Transportation departments are directed
to supervise the shift to alternative
fuels.
The fund will be used to initially cover
the P 70,000 cost for the conversion
of 1,000 diesel engines to LPG or
CNG engine. Vehicle owners who
wish to benefit from this zero loan
programme have to apply at branches
of the Development Bank of the
Philippines and Postal Bank. The daily
loan payment is set at P80.
20
July 2008
Oil prices increase, CNG price decreased
India doubled CNG kit requests
The recent increase in fuel prices has
led to a big boost in demand for CNG
conversion kits. After the hike in
gasoline and diesel prices was
announced, the number of car owners
switching to CNG has doubled.
While oil prices are rising, CNG prices
actually dropped in March from Rs
19.20/kg to Rs 18.90/kg.
"Since the latest petrol price increase,
the demand for CNG conversion kits
has hit the roof. My phone just does not
stop ringing," said Ankit Jain, Director of
Power Fuels India Pvt Ltd, which fits
CNG kits.
Added Mukesh Garg, owner of
Badarpur-based Eco Gas, stated that
kits orders in his conversion workshop
have doubled from 5 to 10 units a day.
And they are not being able to meet the
demand because of lack of
infrastructure.
The demand for conversion kits is said
to increase further and therefore, vehicle
conversion centres expect the
government to solve the problems at
the kits and gas supply end. While
about 30,000 new cars enter city roads
each month, there are just about 4,500
conversions to CNG being done in
Delhi."
CNG prices dropped by the first
semester of 2008 from Rs 19.20/kgto
Rs 18.90/kg. Switching a gasoline car
to NGV can lower fuel cost by almost
75%. As India, especially New Delhi is
one of the world’s most polluted
nation/city, the environmentally-friendly
aspect of “clean” CNG is also a major
attraction to the nation.
But a major obstacle to conversion to
CNG is long queues at filling stations.
With NGV fleet of over 821,000 and
325 NG stations, each station should
serve over 2,500 vehicles. Meanwhile,
according to the global rule of thumb,
each NG station should only serve no
more than 1,000 vehicles (of cars and
high-duty vehicles). Currently, the
queuing time at a CNG pump station is
about 15 minutes, making it
inconvenient for NGV owners.
In the gas infrastructure sector, on June
6th, Gas Authority of India Ltd (GAIL)
and Tamil Nadu Industrial Development
Corporation (TIDCO) inked a gas
cooperation agreement that will
prioritise the setting up of a CNG
corridor in Chennai after Nagapattinam,
Karaikal and Pondicherry. The gas will
be used for industrial, commercial and
transport sectors.
OEM
Apart from the vehicle conversion
business, a car producer, Hyundai
Motor India Limited, in June introduced
CNG variant of its mid-size sedan
'Accent'. The car will be available in
New Delhi and the rest of the National
Capital Region (Haryana, Uttar Pradesh
and Rajasthan states).
At Rs 555,500 per unit, this bi-fuel
variant is Rs 56,500 more expensive
than its gasoline version.
The vehicle is equipped with CNG
conversion kit from a Korean
supplier. The kit uses an advanced
Lambda control system that allows the
car to meet the Euro III emission norms.
July 2008
21
Congratulations to
Iran to slash down
gasoline cars production Richard Kolodziej, the
new IANGV President
The Cabinet of the Iranian President Mahmoud
Ahmadinejad announced last June 6th that this year,
60% of passenger cars produced in the country will use
CNG or bi-fuel CNG/gasoline technology. The 40% of
the total car production will run on gasoline.
Also, 80% of pick-up trucks and 80% of vehicles for
public transport use made by domestic automakers
must be powered by CNG or bi-fuel.
Following the June 2007 vehicle fuel rationing
programme, on June 7th, a new program was issued
limiting owners of luxury cars to only buy gasoline at
market price from June 21st, instead of the heavily
subsidised regular unleaded fuel.
The Asian NGV
Communication takes this
opportunity to congratulate
Richard Kolodziej on his
election as the new
President of the International
Association for Natural Gas
Vehicles (IANGV). Kolodziej,
who is also the President of
NGVAmerica, will take the
chair for a two-year term.
Moving towards IANGV’s
Richard Kolodziej,
President of IANGV
goal to increase NGV
population to 65 M by 2020,
Kolodziej aims to double the
current NGV number from
over 8 M to 16M during his
two years term.
22
July 2008
More attention to public
transport is needed
The Delhi government has introduced
comfortable AC buses which cost was
substantially high. Associate Director
of Centre for Science and Environment
(CSE), Anumita Roychoudhury, said that
the Finance Minister’s offer to reduce
the excise duty for buses to only 12%-same as that on small cars – is not
significant enough compared to the
cost of low-floor urban CNG buses at
over Rs 4,000,000/unit. Meanwhile, it is
important that Delhi and India have
more big public transport units to curb
air pollution level.
The Asian Development Bank has
projected that in 2035, the total fuel
consumption of on-road vehicles in the
country will be six times higher than in
2005 - this growth will be driven by
light-duty vehicles, mainly cars. Should
more commuters use CNG buses, the
pollution level that might derive from
people commuting in diesel and gasoline cars could be reduced by 20%.
Demand for CNG tanks are escalating
Sunita Narain, CSE Director, said that it
is time for the government to announce
the policy of mandatory disclosure of
fuel economy of vehicle models with
complete details of technical parameters including weight, power, etc, and at
the same time it should implement fuel
economy standards.
July 2008
23
News from Pakistan
Adopting EURO 2 norm in 2009
Pakistani Environment Ministry announced that there is a plan
to introduce EURO 2 emission standard for vehicles to ensure
higher air quality in the country. The standard will be
applicable for gasoline vehicles since January 2009. For
diesel vehicles, the measure will apply as per July 2012. Euro
2 compliant diesel fuel will be available by the end of 2011.
Vehicle manufacturers demanded the government to allow
zero duty on import of EURO 2 compliant auto parts.
Locations for CNG station
The Capital Development Authority has approved seven
locations for CNG stations in the federal Capital of Islamabad.
The locations have been appointed along G-9/2, G-8/2, G-6,
D-8/1 sectors, Blue Area, Kashmir Highway, and Islamabad
highway.
CNG rickshaws
Unlike the previously totally banned Qingqi (motor-rickshaws)
and two strokes auto-rickshaws, the Punjab authority plans
to introduce CNG four-stroke rickshaws in the city and has
set up a fund for this purpose. Two-stroke auto-rickshaws are
banned from some roads as they are really polluted.
Car OEMs
The government is considering cancelling the 2.5%
withholding sales tax on local purchase of cars.
Local assemblers have proposed an exemption on this tax as
it has been hurting sale of cars.
On the other hand, due to the rising steel prices and the
decreased value of rupee, several car manufacturers
increased prices of their vehicles. Indus Motor Company,
Honda, and Pak Suzuki Motor Company Limited had raised
prices of their products by the beginning of June. Pak Suzuki
Motor, the biggest CNG car producer in Pakistan also
increases prices of their CNG cars.
24
July 2008
The next IANGV conference and exhibition
Towards NGV2010 in Rome
The 11th World Conference and Exhibition of the International
Association for Natural Gas Vehicles (IANGV) was held in
Brazil last month. Seventy nine companies from 14 countries
from Asia, Europe, and South and North America joined the
exhibition.The next IANGV expo and conference will take
place in the city of Rome, Italy, on June 8th -10th , 2010
The agreement was signed by John Lyon, IANGV President,
and Vanni Cappellato, Chairman of Consorzio NGV System,
Italy. Claudio Kohan, NGV Communications Group Director,
participated in the ceremony on behalf of the company that
will organize the event. The next IANGV expo and conference
will take place in the city of Rome, Italy, on June 8th -10th ,
2010. The capital city of Italy shall welcome visitors under the
theme “Today solution for a better transport”.
A pathway to export to Europe in 2010
A bridge to Rome will be the Torino Fair, which will be held on
September 25-27 this year, in Turin, Italy. This 2nd World Fair
of NGVs, Biogas, and H2Vs will present both exhibition and
master conferences. To ensure a wide exposure and high
visiting rate, the admission for both fair and conference is for
free.
So far, about 85% of the expo stands are already booked by
various companies. In this 7,620 sqm area, vehicle and
fuelling equipment as well as retrofitted and OEM NGVs will
be displayed. Various OEM NGVs will be displayed as well as
NGV systems, cylinders, CNG nozzles and accessories,
From left to right: Garth Harris, IANGV Secretary-General; John
Lyon, IANGV President; Vanni Cappellato, Consorzio NGV
System Chairman; and Claudio Kohan, NGV Comm. Group.
electronic equipment, injection rails, pressure regulators,
continuous filament winding plants, fittings, conversion kits,
CNG and Hydrogen valves. Also dispensers, compressors,
CNG measurement and control, home refuelling appliance
manufacturers, and Cryogenic pumps, LCNG refuelling
systems have reserved their space in this event.
Oil & Gas Company, Italian NGV Association, Third Party
Inspection (for vehicle), Global Strategies & Investment as well
as NGV event organisers and publishing house, stations
maps and GPS information supplier will join the exhibition.
July 2008
25
BusinessCentre
Aldesa CNG and LPG
conversion kits
ALDESA is a family-owned company
which was founded in 1965 and firstly
started operating as a forging
manufacturer. In 1974 ALDESA
produced its first gas pump for the
automotive sector under the license of
ESV Marshall. 1976 ALDESA started
first researches in the LPG sector and
manufactured his first LPG Reducer in
1978. In 1995 ALDESA produced the
first complete LPG system in Turkey
which got the Turkish Standards
Institute (TSE) approval as well as the
ECE-R 67 standard approval by Bureau
Veritas in 1997. By 2001, ALDESA was
the 4th company in Europe and the 1st
one in Turkey which attained the
international ECE-R 67-01 approval by
Apragaz Luxemburg and became one
of the biggest Autogas System
manufacturers in Europe.
Aldesa’s CNG electronic reducer and sequential reducer made in Turkey
Today ALDESA is an IS0 9001 certified
company which possesses all the
necessary approvals like: ECE R67-01,
R110 and R115 from TÜV. With a
dealer network of more than 120
representatives in Turkey and abroad
countries, ALDESA already proved his
high quality products and customer
satisfaction. In its 10,000 m2 closed
area, ALDESA produces and develops
all components of the Autogas systems
by itself with the most experienced
engineers, technicians and designers.
Due to its very well structured
organization, ALDESA is always very
flexible to respond the market
challenges and needs. All the produced
parts are assembled very carefully and
tested one by one to ensure the highest
performance and customer satisfaction.
The firm’s main aim is to produce high
quality products for its customers all
over the world and to contribute to
improve the global environment.
ALDESA’s CNG related products
include CNG sequential kits, CNG
carburetor kits, reducer, filling unit,
solenoid valve, tank valve, injector, ECU
Contact: [email protected] ,
www.aldesa.com.tr, tel. +90 216 561 41 70
26
July 2008
BusinessCentre
Importance of preventive and detective actions in the new designing approach for CNG components
The CNG market has grown
significantly in the last five
years. For various reasons, a
growing number of nations,
even those which do not
have their own methane
resources, are turning to this type of fuel as an alternative to
petrol. The main car producers have started to make series
vehicles designed to run on methane.
Reliability and cost-effectiveness imposed by car producers
have inevitably become main requirements along with the
ever increasing need to have safe and reliable products in the
long term. The approach used in the last twenty years with
respect to components of methane powered cars has started
to show its limits. Old history is no guarantee of future
reliability, but it can be a starting point for future development:
safety standards have become higher and operating
parameters (pressure, flows, etc) are increasingly restrictive.
In the era of globalisation, in which a vehicle can be developed
and tested in one nation (for various reasons that we will not
discuss here) and then exported all over the world, it is impossible
to conceive a product strictly bound to a specific territory: it must
work in all possible situations all over the world.
Car producers have already faced and solved this kind of
problems (two examples could be the function tests carried out in
extreme climatic conditions in Antarctica and in the Death Valley).
It is clear that past design methods are the guidelines used
for the development of today’s components aimed at
converting cars to methane. The most important instrument
still used in the design phase is the universally known method
called DFMEA (Design Failure Modes and Effect Analysis).
This instrument has led to the transformation of the design
phase which is no longer the “property” of a single designer,
but the object of teamwork based on critical analysis.
Individual car producers have developed their own approach
to this analysis and they all have the same objective: a sound
design (functional approach) and the detection of the causes
and effects of defective component parts (such failures imply
the non-fulfilment of the foreseen function in the first place
and a chain reaction effect to be evaluated in the second place).
Which were the old and which are the new design guidelines?
The answer to this question is a real novelty: while in the past
the simple compliance with a standard could represent the
final objective, now it is no longer so. The product must
comply with a certain standard, but it must also fulfil the
customer’s requirements in terms of functionality (the safety
aspects of this requirement must be guaranteed for an
unlimited period) and fulfil the requirements “chosen by the
car producer” which allow the product to successfully
compete in the market against other products.
It is therefore necessary in the design phase to evaluate all
aspects which could affect the car functions (each of which
has its own level of criticality) not only in the territory in which
the product is designed and tested, but in all countries in
which it could be sold.
After the evaluation of all causes (temperature, different fluid
composition, high maximum flow rates, flow instability,
vibrations, etc.) which could be assumed to affect a product
Eng. Renato Santulli Ph. D, R&D and Laboratory Manager of OMB
(through Fmea) in the design phase, “preventive” and
“detective” measures must be implemented in order to
validate it. A failure in the “process” phase (on the market)
would be absolutely unacceptable!. The fluid dynamic and
structure simulation software plays a basic role among the
main preventive instruments. These instruments allow
simulating extreme conditions in terms of speed, temperature
and behaviour under stress or in a deformation state.
Which are the advantages of these instruments? They are quite
evident: It is possible to simulate an extreme condition in
advance and to see what could happen with time if the
instruments are used correctly. The abov mentioned
instruments shall be used only by highly qualified personnel.
Once the fulfilment of “extreme” requirements has been
guaranteed in the design phase, it is necessary to go on to
the prototype experimental validation.
According to the new guidelines, also in this case, the tests
provided for by standards must be carried out along with the
tests considered necessary following the outcome of the
DFMEA analysis (once again, the functional approach has
changed: fulfilment of standards, of customers’ requirements
and of producers’ requirements).
Tests are carried out on components produced under
boundary conditions with extreme thermodynamic
parameters by focusing as much as possible on their
“overlapping” (here are some examples: pressurisation and
depressurisation with CNGs under variable temperature
conditions, resistance test on components under pressure or
subject to very complex vibration cycles and test conditions
representative of the real ones). New component producers
have set up laboratories with innovative equipment and highly
qualified personnel.
Laboratories have now two main functions: they are not only
the places in which validation tests are carried out, but also
places where the tested article is compared with the products
offered on the market. Experiments are carried out in order to
establish if the solutions proposed fulfil customers’ needs in
an exhaustive manner or whether competitors’ products are
better. This is the future orientation! Companies who have
decided to adopt this method are already starting to enjoy the
fruits of their work.
July 2008
27
28
July 2008
BusinessCentre
Gas injector technology-Experience of Landi Renzo
By: Filippo Munna, Technical
Manager, Beijing Landi Renzo
Autogas Systems Co., LTD
Founded in 1954, LANDI
RENZO SPA (LR) is world
leader in the field of NG and
LPG systems for automotive
applications.
Following the more and more
severe legislation about
vehicle emissions, LR has
committed strong efforts to
develop its own technology
in the field of gas injection. In
fact, this is certainly the best
way to exploit gas properties
and optimise engine
performances.
The use of gas injector
instead of mixer brings better
emission results, lower
consumption, and more
power. Driveability can be
tuned at the same level as
gasoline EMS
because of the possibility of
executing perfect
optimizations and of
adopting special strategies
(for example engine warm up
injection management).
The most challenging issues
for gas injector design are:
linearity, repeatability,
endurance, tightness, noise
and compatibility with
extreme condition like cold
start and heatstroke.
To achieve this target, LR
has designed a side feed
injector where the flow is
regulated by the opening of a
disk commanded by an EM
coil. The disk movement is
guided by an axial cylinder
whose material reduces
friction, thus permitting the
repeatability of each injection
cycle. Eventually, the
command is a 5/1 Amp
“peak and hold”, that means
fast response to move the
inertia of the disk.
In terms of performances, LR
has stressed the capability of
its injector “to survive”
whatever the purity of the
gas. In fact, the injector is a
side feed type. Thus, the
flow of the gas has an
extremely short stroke inside,
and mobile elements have a
very limited contact with it.
The materials of the disk and
axial guidance cylinder have
been studied with FEM to
permit a long life of around
300 million cycles, and still
perform the necessary tightness.
Repeatability and linearity are
guaranteed by the calibration
of the spring, and the stroke
of the mobile parts.
Beyond the satisfaction with
its product, LR continues
thinking of future
improvements. It is well
LR gas injector can lower emission and gas consumption
known that a “peak and
hold” command requires a
complex and expensive Hw
for the ECU.
Therefore, the application of
innovative ideas will allow
using a saturated command,
so that the CPU job will be
reduced to an ON/OFF
command.
Layout problems and noise
reduction requests may lead
to a change of philosophy in
terms of gas feeding.
While maintaining the same
long life performances, LR is
looking into the possibility of
developing a top feed
injector.
These are the challenges for
the future. Indeed, LR is
confident that its growing
experience with OEM clients
will help achieve all the
targeted improvements.
Contact:
[email protected],
www.landirenzo.com.cn,
tel:+86 10 67856675
Be present at a world class NGV fair
The August edition of this magazine will also be distributed in the 2nd World Fair
of NGVs & H2Vs or the so-called “Torino fair”, in Italy. In this edition, we will
publish the attractiveness of Asian market for local and overseas companies,
and the information on Asian products.
Attending this event means being present in a world market. Exhibitors,
visitors, and conference delegates from around the globe have already registered
to this even: from Europe, Asia, North and South America. You are cordially
invited to visit this fair and to be present in the world market/Torino fair by
advertising with us.
Volume III Number 17
June 2008
49% NGVs & 40% NG stations
in the world are in Asia
China
500,000 NGVs by
2010
Iran
Expected to be
the new NGV leader
in 5 years
July 2008
29
BusinessCentre
RHPS pressure regulators
RHPS has always focused
on the manufacturing and
supply of pressure regulators
for high flow and high
pressure applications.
The majority of the RHPS
pressure regulators are used
in the general industry. Also
the niche markets of the
clean gas systems, the
medical world, the
semiconductor industry, the
military and aerospace
industry and the
pharmaceutical industry
became important for RHPS.
The last 10 years the
alternative fuels industry, and
especially the (CNG) market
became very important for
RHPS.
RHPS took the first steps in
the CNG market in
Gothenburg, Sweden, some
10 years ago.
After Sweden, we jumped to
the South of Europe, Italy,
the largest CNG market in
Europe. The RHPS
representative RTI did a
good job for RHPS in the
Italian Market. It was in Italy
that RHPS supplied the first
large quantities of pressure
regulators for CNG applica-
Edition
Deadline
August July 10th
tions. The RHPS pressure
regulators became specified
in filling stations by Italian
governmental regulations.
The next step was Germany,
where RHPS started to
supply the Erdgas Mobile
project.
From that moment the use of
pressure regulators in CNG
applications started to
spread over the world, from
South America, North
America to Asia.
By now we are supplying
hundreds and hundreds of
pressure regulators to South
America and Pakistan.
Where to use RHPS
pressure regulators,
safety relief valves
and priority valves
- To control the inlet pressure
of the compressor To control
the inlet pressure in several
stages in the compressor.
- To control filling of three
bank system with priority
valve.
- To control the backpressure
over gas dryers.
- To control maximum filling
pressure.
- Relief valve on maximum
filling pressure.
- Monitor regulator on
maximum filling pressure.
- Temperature compensation
of maximum filling pressure.
- To prevent pressure shocks
in dispenser and compressor
Gas pressure regulator for refuelling system
with differential pressure
regulator.
- To reduce pressure to
pilot-pressure for actuators.
- To reduce high flow low
pressure CNG in mother
daughter systems.
- Safety relief valves between
stages in compressors
- Dome loaded pressure
regulators between storage
and dual dispensers.
Testing
Stock
You can contact us at:
Markweg 21, 2153 PG NieuwVennep, The Netherlands Tel:
+31 (0)252 620 005,
[email protected], www.rhps.nl
RHPS carries a large stock
of parts. We assemble to
order so that we may remain
flexible.
Special report
Asian manufacturers in Europe and the world: special 2nd World Fair
edition
Vehicle conversion market: the companies and the technology
October September 4th Progress in LNG activities in Asia
3rd anniversary of the Asian NGV Communications
Each and every
pressure regulator
is tested at high and low
pressures.
Quality
RHPS is an ISO
9001:2000
approved company regarding
design and manufacturing of
pressure control valves.
Events with massive magazine distribution
2nd World Fair on NGV, Biogas & H2V
25-27 September Turin, Italy
30
July 2008
BusinessCentre
IMW Delivers Clean CNG Solutions
CNG is widely accepted as
one of the best available
alternative fuels. It is
abundant, clean, safe, and
the technology exists to
deliver it on a cost-effective,
widespread basis. Few
people would argue these
points, but are all CNG
compressors created equal?
Since 1984, IMW Industries
of Canada has set
themselves apart from their
competitors by using
advanced technologies and
materials to produce some of
the world’s cleanest and
most efficient CNG
compressors and fuelling
systems. CNG stations that
use IMW equipment, and the
vehicles that fuel there, reap
the benefits of reduced
operating and maintenance
costs as well as minimal
environmental impact by
avoiding oil contamination
with CNG.
While many gas compressors
are lubricated by injecting oil
into the cylinders, IMW
makes clean, non-lubricated
compressors by using PTFE
(Teflon©) piston rings and
pressure seals that do not
require lubrication. IMW
systems deliver CNG with oil
content of less than 5 parts
per million (ppm) compared
to 100 ppm from many
lubricated compressors.
Oil in CNG is vaporized
under the heat and pressure
of compression and mostly
passes through filters. It will
usually separate from the
CNG only when it has cooled
sufficiently, which typically
happens in the storage
vessels of the station or the
vehicle, resulting in a loss of
capacity (driving range) and
increased maintenance of (or
damage to) the vehicle’s
CNG regulator and
combustion sensors. Inside
the compressor system, oil
contamination can reduce
the effectiveness of heat
exchangers, raising the
operating temperatures and
reducing component life.
Inside the vehicle’s engine,
oil-contaminated CNG also
contributes to increased
emissions.
To build reliable,
non-lubricated compressors,
IMW has created their
designs specifically for CNG
applications, including longer
piston strokes, lower
rotational speeds, and lower
compression ratios. IMW
pays close attention to
accurate machining
tolerances, surface finishes,
and special processes in the
manufacturing of the compression cylinders, which
results in ring life equal to or
exceeding those in lubricated
compressors. Factory tests
and millions of operating
hours in the field have
resulted in piston rings that
routinely last 6000 ~ 8000
hours and, in many cases,
often last more than 10,000
hours. The basic configuration
of the piston assembly is
dramatically different from
those in lubricated compressors,
resulting in superior sealing
and increased longevity. See
Figure 1.
The biggest benefit of
non-lubricated compressors
accrues to the station
operators who are able to
reduce operating costs by
eliminating the need for
frequent topping-up of oil
and the associated costs of
material and labour,
increased filtration, and
increased waste oil disposal.
Steve Steinebach, Commercial Projects Manager
Lube vs non-lube piston
Reducing costs and labour
requirements helps improve
the efficiency of CNG
stations and encourages
more rapid development of
CNG infrastructure.
IMW’s non-lubricated
compressors have proven
themselves globally as the
clean standard for CNG
fuelling systems, making
financial and environmental
sense for savvy station and
fleet operators.
For more information visit
www.imw.ca
Author Steve Steinebach is
the Commercial Projects
Manager for IMW Industries
Ltd. and has 14 years of
technical and commercial
experience with CNG fuelling
systems. Email
[email protected].
July 2008
31
BusinessCentre
Lincoln Tuffshell type IV cylinder
Lincoln Composites has
been manufacturing filament
wound pressure vessels
since the 1960’s. From
Space Shuttle tankage to
rocket motor cases, Lincoln
Composites has put an
expansive technical background
to work in providing
lightweight composite
solutions to many markets.
In 1993, Lincoln Composites
entered the natural gas
vehicle market with the
TUFFSHELL® Type IV
compressed natural gas
cylinder. A Type IV pressure
vessel has an all-composite
construction; the only
metallic feature on the
cylinder is the end-boss,
used as a connection port
for the plumbing interface
and, in some cases, for
mounting. The most significant
differentiator of a Type IV
pressure vessel is the
liner – it is a non-structural
bladder for gas containment.
Because the liner is
non-structural, Type IV
technology can be scaled up
easily for larger cylinder sizes
and higher operating pressures. Lincoln Composites
currently manufactures the
largest NGV cylinder in the
world – a 540 L, 250 bar
pressure vessel that stores
160 SCM of CNG. Lincoln
Composites’ Type IV
technology also offers a cost
and weight efficient means
for 700 bar and higher
storage pressures utilized for
on-board and off-board
storage in the emerging
hydrogen fuel cell market.
As with all CNG cylinders on
the market today, the
TUFFSHELL® design meets
or exceeds all of the
requirements of the regulatory
agencies in the country of
use. Lincoln cylinders have
been approved for use in
accordance with ECE R110,
ISO 11439, NGV2-07, and
METI-KHK. Through
durability, impact resistance,
and environmental testing,
the design of the Lincoln
cylinder has proven to be up
to its name: TUFFSHELL®.
Currently, Lincoln
Composites cylinders are in
service in major cities across
the globe: Los Angeles,
Jakarta, Stockholm and
Tokyo to name a few. The
high performance, robust
design has proven to be a
favorite of transit bus
manufacturers and
operators. The increasing
prevalence of low-floor bus
designs has created a need
to locate the CNG cylinders
on top of the roof.
Lightweight TUFFSHELL®
tanks have enabled
manufacturers to accomplish
this without serious weight
penalties, maintaining
valuable driving range.
Recently, the appeal of the
TUFFSHELL® construction
has garnered attention from
utilities and gas companies
looking for a more
cost-effective method to
transport large quantities of
CNG. The 540 L cylinder
has proven to be very useful
in tube trailer applications
that have previously relied on
clusters of extremely heavy
Type I cylinders or 3AAX
steel tubes.
Taking advantage of all the
Type IV construction has to
offer, Lincoln Composites will
begin delivering a new
product to the market in late
2008. The TITANTM is an
Tuffshell® type IV, with all composite construction
8400 L, 250 bar cylinder
capable of storing over 2500
SCM of CNG and weighs
just 2087 kg (unloaded).
The weight advantage of the
TITANTM tank is significant
when compared to traditional
bulk-hauling storage
solutions. An 11 meter long
3AAX-2900 tank requires 4.8
kg of steel to deliver one
SCM of CNG. The TITANTM
can deliver one SCM of CNG
with only 0.83 kg of material.
Lincoln Composites’ Type IV
technology will enable users
to optimize their delivery of
gas instead of steel.
32
July 2008
BusinessCentre
Sequential gas injection system
OMVL designs and
manufactures complete
CNG/LPG fuelling systems,
developed for safety, comfort
and performance of
Alternative Fuel Vehicles.
The basis of the company’s
mission statement is:
optimum performance with
minimal emissions, reliability
and special attention to
customers’ maximum
satisfaction, and a
guaranteed cleaner
environment in the future.
OMVL spa is based in Italy
and part of SIT Group
company. This group is an
Italian multinational
specialised in co-designing
solutions that offer safety,
monitoring system, and
enhanced performance of
any gas application, from
domestic heating to
alternative fuel vehicles.
Our equipment for
automotive can be used in
various vehicles from
motorcycles to large trucks,
advanced passenger cars,
and also suitable for
application in public and
private transport.
Established in 1976 and
being present in 51 markets
in the world, OMVL
collaborates with the most
important international
automotive companies –
such as Volkswagen, PSA
Peugeot-Citroen, Ford and
FIAT-being recognised as
one of the top high-tech
companies in the industry.
Our R&D, Operation Division,
Hacia una vili
dad
limpia y sosmo
tenible
Towards a clean
sustainable mo and
bility
17-19
JUNIOJUNE
2009
Feria de Madrid
Madrid Fair
Pabellón 1 Pavil
ion
1
info@gnv2009ma
drid.com
www.gnv2009m
adrid.com
Un evento de
An event of
Organizado por
Organized by
OMVL’s components are sold in 51 markets around the globe
Quality and Commercial
Department are located in
our headquarter in Pernumia
(Padova) in Italy. Three
different plants –Italy,
Argentina and Chinastrategically backing our
overseas markets with a
local touch for technical
support and assistance.
The OMVL products and
solutions – also sold under
the registered brand “REG
by OMVL” - are fruit of years
of research and know-how
matured in a quarter of
century of activities and
experiences in the field:
pressure reducers, injection
systems, electronic computer
units, accessories and
related spare parts are
entirely developed and
produced by OMVL; all
mechanical die casting,
workings, assembling and
tests are directly executed
in-house.
The quality of the products
has always been a starting
point for us - more than an
objective to pursue - and this
is verified by our business
certification ISO 9000
(VISION 2000), and the
homologation EURO 4 for
our systems, along with the
most restrictive European
standard concerning
polluting emissions, the
homologations 67R01 and
R110 for LPG and methane
systems, R10 for the
electronics and certification
ISO 15500 for the range
produced in the CNG line.
OMVL products are known in
the world for their quality and
reliability, capable of facing
the most stringent and
extreme climatic situations.
In the industry level, the
customers recognise the
premium quality of OMVL
sequential injection DREAM
XXI which flexibility answers
every engine requirement
and underline our famous
pressure stabilisers.
OMVL SpA
Via Rivella, 20 - 35020
Pernumia PD Italy
Tel. +39 0429 764111,
fax +39 0429 779068,
www.omvlgas.it [email protected]
July 2008
33
BusinessCentre
GNV2009 expo in Spain
GNV 2009 Madrid, International Conference
and Exhibition, under the theme “Towards a
clean and sustainable mobility”, will be held
Wednesday 17th – Friday 19th June 2009,
at Pavilion 1 of the Madrid Fair. The event
will gather the activities of NGVA Europe and the third
version of the World Fair of NGV, Biogas and H2V.
NGVA Europe is the association that assembles organisms
and companies which endorse the application of natural gas
to the transport universe; it is the most important forum of
the old continent, for the quality and depth of the topics it
approaches as much as for the level of representation and
experience it deploys. On the other hand, the Expo gives
continuity to the successful fairs of Bolzano (2005) and Turin
(2008), showing the latest technologies and services for a
clean, technically proved and affordable drive.
of particulate matter into the atmosphere, in addition to
7,000 tons CO2, and the displacement of 31 M liters of
diesel oil.
Barcelona, Valencia and more than 15 cities already benefit
from this efficient energy alternative.
Three reasons to hold the event
Madrid
The capital city of Spain encourages participation and
solidarity with an environmentally-friendly civic scenario.
Hundreds of urban transport vehicles, taxis, and refuse
trucks already operate on natural gas around its streets and
broad avenues as well as special airport and other
applications units. Numerous projects of public fueling
stations will soon be incorporated in the existing fuel
supplying network.
The concerns and work of local administrations in the
environmental field, along with innovations from OEMs and
the industry targeted on reducing emissions are expressed
and strengthened in GNV 2009 Madrid. An event that
contributes to the city’s candidature to host the 2016
Olympic Games.
Spain
Madrilenians are not alone in this commitment. In the
country, natural gas is used in over 1,400 public service
vehicles, which are refueled in 35 stations. The idea of
Iberian Blue Corridors for LNG HDVs is really growing.
The application of natural gas to vehicles in Spain avoids the
yearly emission of 23 tons CO, 300 tons NOx and 17 tons
Europe
EU standards lead to continue reducing emissions
generated by transport, and natural gas is an effective,
abundant and safe alternative. Most vehicle manufacturers
in the Continent make NGVs of different sizes and uses.
Fuelling stations
network in Europe expands steadily, whereas the
segment’s industries produce and export at global level.
In several countries, it is also notable the employment of
biogas as well as research and development of hydrogen
for vehicles. There are refueling stations in 1,044 European
cities -50% of the “methanized cities” in the world.
The constant rise in oil cost widens the road to energy
alternatives.
[email protected] - www.gnv2009madrid.com
34
July 2008
BusinessCentre
Toyota to introduce CNG Corolla Altis
Toyota Motor Thailand (TMT) has
announced that it would launch the
bi-fuel variant of the 10th generation
Corolla Altis by the end of 2008.
The car will has a CNG system with a
70-litre cylinder while maintaining its
regular E20 fuel system and tank.
The CNG Altis will be equipped with a
1.6 litre engine.
Toyota Corolla Altis will be available in CNG version in Thailand by end of this year
As with current taxi conversions of the
9th generation of Altis to NGV model,
this 10th generation model will result in
about 1/4 - 1/3 reduction in boot
space.
The company stated that a three-year
or 100,000km warranty is going to be
offered on this model.
The primary target market is local taxi
operators although a sales expansion to
Singapore also being considered.
CNG is one of the best options for
vehicle owners in Thailand. With more
guarantee in fuel supply, mainly from
domestic resources, NG is much
cheaper than other traditional and
alternative fuels.
With retail price of premium gasoline is
set at 40 THB/litre and diesel at 28.34
THB/litre, CNG at 8.50 THB/kg is by far
more economic than both fuels, also
when compared to LPG at
10.15THB/litre and the E20 at
28.59THB/litre.
July 2008
35
BusinessCentre
Seamless steel cylinders for vehicles and filling stations
The company VÍTKOVICE
CYLINDERS a.s. is a leading
world manufacturer of
high-pressure seamless steel
cylinders operating
continuously in this field since
1906 and supplying filling stations for CNG.
The seamless steel cylinders and pressure vessels are used
for CNG, industrial gases, fire fighting systems, acetylene,
respiration, sanitary, diving equipment and drinking devices.
Currently, the company uses of the state-of-the-art fully
automated and robotised equipment that allows the
production of pressure seamless steel cylinders of the top
world-class level.
The firm manufactures
all these products on
three industrial lines,
including at its plants
in Poland and
Argentina. Vitkovice’s
annual production is
nearly one million steel
cylinders which most
of them are exported
worldwide. In 2008,
the unique production
line has been
launched using the
reverse extruding
Tomas Klimek, Head of Engineering
technology from billets.
The basic parameters of our seamless steel cylinders are as
follows:
Test pressure 60 - 1000 bar, working pressure 18 - 690 bar;
Water capacity 0.8 – 500L, outside diameter 83 - 406 mm.
Steel cylinders are designed and produced in accordance
with many standards, mainly ISO 11 439, ECE R110, ISO
9809-1, ISO 9809-2, EN 1964-1, EN 1964-2 and further in
accordance with special requirements of our customers.
Since the year 1994 we have been holder of the Quality
System Certificate ISO 9001 and since 2003 of the
Environmental System Certificate ISO 14001.
We realise that the natural gas is the cleanest and most
economical fuel available in transport today.
The steel cylinders production is considered as a complex
programme and the company offers a wide assortment of
cylinders for natural gas filling stations and vehicle
conversions. The tanks can also be used to transport natural
gas from a mother station to a daughter filling station in which
the gas is carried in cylinders and transported by trailers.
VÍTKOVICE CYLINDERS a.s supplies turn-key filling stations
service, which is customised to fit your needs. Our product
and service is mostly intended for transport fleets with one up
to hundreds of vehicles. Our cylinders are excellent choice for
companies using forklifts or medium and light-duty vehicles,
Vitkovice’s cylinders for vehicles and gas storage
but also for school transport, cabs or other commercial
vehicles. We are able to deliver filling stations with the flow
rate from 1.3 m3/h up to several thousands m3/h.
In addition to product delivery, we also offer complete
services.
At present we are working on a unique vehicle conversion
project in Ostrava City in Czech Republic that has the biggest
density of vehicles running on CNG in Central Europe.
36
July 2008
Asian NGV statistics
NGV statistics
Natural Gas Vehicles
Country
Total
Asia
Cars/LDVs
MD/HD
Buses
Pakistan
1.650.000 1.599.960
India*
821.872 315.200
Iran
730.107 727.442
China*
336.062
95.545
Bangladesh
180.000
46.602
Armenia
101.352
69.971
Russia*
95.000
18.000
Egypt
87.733
58.370
Thailand
78.775
67.043
Uzbekistan
47.000
47.000
Japan
34.203
13.168
Malaysia
28.405
28.309
Korea
15.523
137
Myanmar*
10.900
2.902
Tajikistan
10.600
10.600
Kyrgyzstan*
6.000
Georgia
3.000
3.000
Turkey
2.567
2.564
Indonesia
2.453
1.755
Australia
2.453
130
Singapore
1.102
1.086
United Arab Emirates
305
305
New Zealand
283
180
Philippines
36
11
Taiwan
4
Total Asia
4.245.735 3.109.280
40
12.000
2.653
45.321
1.553
9.831
8.000
5.367
3.247
Refuelling Stations
MD/HD
Trucks
715
12
100
8.355
19.626
35.000
3.356
6.818
1.402
90
15.097
6.373
Others
Total
50.000
493.957
1.923
325
402
561
229
214
222
115
202
43
327
60
121
20
53
6
4
6
9
146
1
2
14
3
1
5.009
195.096
123.490
1.924
34.000
20.640
1.667
18.481
6
289
1.152
1.625
6.000
3
238
1.263
12
0
66
25
4
112.585
210
1.060
2
0
250
2
37
94.030
929.840
Public
Under
construction
Private
1.923
6
380
453
6
9
214
111
178
43
294
58
121
20
53
6
4
2
9
127
1
1
1
1
4.021
319
22
108
223
205
8
4
24
Average
monthly gas
consumption
VRA
200
60
758
13
8
5
18
82
52,00
1
13
193,33
21,36
23,80
24,00
30,00
8
4,25
33
2
85
680
10
13
11,00
4,13
0,60
4
1
3
19
0,40
130
2
1
14
2
988
1.235
855
364,87
Last update
January
March
April
January
April
March
December
March
June
December
March
September
December
December
December
December
December
December
March
March
December
March
March
February
April
June
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2007
2008
2008
2007
2008
2007
2007
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2007
2007
2007
2007
2006
2005
2008
Notes: The numbers of NGVs in the "other vehicles" column in countries marked with * indicate uncertainties about fleet composition.In Japan, among other
vehicles are fork lifts, etc, while in New Zealand it includes tractors, etc.The 248,919 NGVs and 489 refuelling stations from Eurosian countries are already included
in the above Asian counting.
World Reviews
Region
Asia
Eurasia
Europe
Africa
LAC
North America
World
Total NGVs Cars/LDVs MD/HD
Buses
3.996.816
248.919
707.902
226
3.671.323
112.140
8.737.326
2.968.745
140.535
569.256
220
3.594.999
96.000
7.369.755
94.751
17.834
39.835
6
13.820
11.240
177.486
MD/HD
Trucks
39.404
54.626
44.942
9.660
2.500
151.132
Other
NGVs
FS under
Total FS Public Private construction
893.916
35.924
53.869
4.520
489
2.332
7
52.844
4.095
2.400
1.201
1.038.953 12.644
Fuel price, 2008
Premium Regular
CNG price
CNG price
Country Gasoline Gasoline Diesel CNG equivalent per equivalent per
(Euro/litre) (Euro/m3) litre gasoline litre diesel
(Euro/litre)
Armenia
Bangladesh
China
Egypt (a)
India
Indonesia
Iran (b)
Japan (c)
Korea (a)
Kyrgyzstan
Malaysia
Pakistan (d)
Philippines
Russia
Singapore (d,e)
Tajikistan
Thailand (d,f)
Turkey (g)
Ukraine
Uzbekistan
0,79
0,52
0,48
0,19
0,91
0,56
0,110
1,02
1,18
0,46
0,54
0,65
0,62
0,55
0,82
0,71
1,70
0,49
0,49
(Euro/litre)
0,73
0,49
0,43
0,13
0,94
0,50
0,080
0,96
0,40
0,37
0,57
0,46
0,81
0,55
0,63
1,60
0,34
0,34
0,71
0,34
0,40
0,08
0,67
0,62
0,013
0,83
1,18
0,32
0,50
0,46
0,53
0,48
0,59
0,45
0,61
1,26
0,34
0,34
0,27
0,10
0,26
0,06
0,39
0,19
0,016
0,46
0,44
0,23
0,17
0,31
0,24
0,19
0,36
0,21
0,18
0,78
0,11
0,11
0,24
0,09
0,23
0,05
0,35
0,17
0,015
0,35
0,39
0,21
0,15
0,28
0,22
0,17
0,32
0,19
0,16
0,68
0,10
0,10
0,28
0,10
0,27
0,06
0,40
0,19
0,015
0,39
0,45
0,24
0,17
0,32
0,25
0,19
0,37
0,22
0,18
0,76
0,11
0,11
3.749
272
2.010
6
4.094
1.185
11.316
771
217
322
1
16
1.327
VRA
Monthly gas
consumption (Mnm3)
1.221
14
176
847
8
3.236
312,42
52,45
126,99
1.413
109
523,61
8.092 55,00
12.292 1.070,48
Date
June 2008
Notes: Eurasian countries--Armenia, Georgia, Russia,
Turkey, Uzbekistan--are located in the
European-Asian borders, and, thus, belongs to both
regions. The counting of Eurosian countries, which
are normally included in the TOTAL ASIAN statistic is
counted seperately in this list.
LAC consist of countries located in South and
Central American region.
Notes: (a): In Korea and Egypt diesel is only allowed in heavy duty engines, buses
and trucks. (b): Iranian fuel energy contents: CNG= 13.9kWH/kg = 10.78kWH/m3;
diesel = 10.44 kWH/litre; gasoline = 9.79kWH/litre. The normal density of CNG is
0.775kg/Nm3. (c): The 5% VAT is not yet included. Normally, CNG price depends
on the consumption volume of the customers. (d): In these countries the local
gauge unit is Euro/kg, the conversion factor depends on the normal density of
gaseous natural gas in each country. (e): The normal density of 1 Nm3 CNG in
Singapore is 0.76 kg (f): Thai's CNG normal density is 0.96 kg/Nm3.The energy
contents are: CNG=10.53 kWh/Nm3, gasoline=9.42 kWh/litre, diesel=10.76
kWh/litre. (g): All taxes included. Fuel energy content in Turkey: CNG = 10.24
kWH/Nm3; diesel = 9.95kWH/litre; gasoline = 8.93 kWH/litre; LPG =
7.15kWH/litre. LPG price is 0.75 Euro/litre in November 2005. Normal density of
CNG is 0.7172 kg/Nm3.