The Image in an Age of Recontextualization

Transcription

The Image in an Age of
Recontextualization
•  Background of Images (telling story w/o
showing text)
Recontextualization
–  Image as capturing what the eye sees
–  Images as Science
–  Images vs Text
–  What Images can tell us
Howard Besser
NYU Professor of Cinema Studies
Director, Moving Image Archiving
& Preservation Program
Besser-The Image, 12/3/10
•  Background of Howard
•  Copying and Re-contextualization became
critical to 20th century art forms
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Phone booth
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Survey
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Diver
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Words w/o pictures
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Text only
Alice
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Text translated
Image
•  Listen! We of the Spear-Danes in the days
of yore, of those clan-kings heard of their
glory. How the worthy princes performed
courageous deeds
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A few of my current and
recent image-related projects
Aspect Ratio issues
Terry Gilliam’s Brazil, 4:3 VHS displayed 16:9
•  Home Movies and Amateur film as
alternative representations of places,
events, ideas and concepts, …
•  How to re-install art works as the
technological infrastructure renders the
original work obsolete-
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Besser-TechFocus, 9/2/10
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Distance class lectures
NDIIPP Preserving Digital Public Television
http://dlib.nyu.edu/pdptv/
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mid-1980s
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Intro to Imaging
Using a stable set of images
creatively-
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Repurposing
http://besser.tsoa.nyu.edu/howard/repurposing.html
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20th century creativity built
upon prior Works
Picasso’s Violin (1912)
new works involve repurposing/recontextualizing old
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Collage
jazz
Pop
Postmodern
Rap/Sampling
Re-Mix, Mash-Ups
LHOOQ
From web site for a head shop in the United Kingdom
Http://www.the-head-shop.co.uk/images/The-Original-Mona-Lisa.jpg
From University of Florida clarinet studio web site
Http://www.arts.ufl.edu/music/clarinet/images
/mona-lisa.gif
From a web page devoted to Star Wars humor
Http://humour.naboonline.com/images
/monalisa.jpg
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Mona Lisa Socks, For sale online at http://www.studiolo.org/Mona
/MONASV13.HTM#LIST
Mona Lisa Bathing Suit, For sale online at http:/
/www.studiolo.org/Mona/MONASV13.HTM#LIST
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In last 50 years, people certain elements in
society have relabeled “homage” as “Stealing”
Kruger’s Untitled
1990 (It’s a small
world but not if
you have to clean
it)
underlying image from Thomas Hoepker’s “Charlotte as seen by Thomas,”
Originally published in German photography magazine Foto Prisma in 1960
Fox takes Franken to court; they
think they own “Fair & Balanced”
Besser-©-Intro class
12/4/07
Fox News calls documentary OutFOXed
“illegal copyright infringement”
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Viacom sues YouTube for $1 Billion
12/4/07
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12/4/07
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ABC makes Spocko’s ISP shut down his
blog because he posted racist ABC video
clips
12/4/07
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“This Film IS Not Yet Rated” feared
being censored for using MPAA clips
12/4/07
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12/4/07
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Use of IP Laws to inhibit free
speech and stifle creativity
Copyright Censorship
•  Material is sometimes withheld from producers for
reasons of politics or embarassment
•  The Wind Done
Gone
•  E-Toy
•  Leonardo Finance
vs Leonardo Arts
•  Jeff Koons case
•  Barbie
•  Scientology vs.
Netcom
–  NYT refusing © permission for Michael Moore reprint their
Iraq coverage editorial apology
•  Some material never makes it into productions
because © is too expensive or difficult•  The current copyright regime imposes censorship in
the form of “prior restraint”-
12/4/07
EMI and Sony try to shut down DangerMouse’s
re-mix of vocals from Jay-Z's Black Album and
Beatles' White Album
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Like Scientific Info, Art & Popular
Culture Images are part of our
heritage
•  Raw material for public discourse
•  Appropriation is important for a
democracy and a Civil Society
12/4/07
•  Fans sites (Star
Trek, Harry Potter)
•  2 Live Crew
•  Negativland and U2
•  Contract with
America
•  Snow White & AIDS
•  Disney and Dan
O’Neil
•  The Rio player
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Today, images are infinitely
reproduceable
•  Rightsholders try to use the Law to
protect their work’s
–  Perceived Aura
–  Authenticity
–  Uniqueness
•  And to make reproduction or
recontextualization illegal so that they
can maintain their monopoly
12/4/07
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Legal Actions against
recontextualization
Legal actions against Satire
From Subvertise.org
Http://www.subvertise.org/img_big/195.gif
From Metro, Silicon Valley’s weekly newspaper
Illustrated article on Disney world wide web honcho Patrick
Naughton’s arrest for child pornogaphy
October 7, 1999
Mickey Mouse Tattoo
Mickey Mouse with a Joint
Created for web site for a head shop in the United Kingdom
Http://www.the-head-shop.co.uk/images/Mickey-Mouse-def.jpg
Mickey Mouse Pornography
Www.pornocchio.com/free-sexsites/alltoossex/mickey.html
The Crucifixion of Mickey Mouse
From web site The Food Court, an anime fan site
Nervy to sue others for
appropriating its intellectual
property
Value of the Public Domain &
Appropriation from pre
-existing works-
El Condor Pasa
•  For creativity
•  For social commentary
•  For commerce
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Historically, copying of Art was
viewed as homage, or at
least as perfectly acceptable
commentary
Robert Wise’s 1961
West Side Story
Romeo & Juliet
Franco Zeffirelli’s
1968 Romeo and
Juliet
Baz Luhrmann’s 1996
William Shakespeare’s
Romeo + Juliet
Christ & Cross
Madonna & Child
Christ Carrying the Cross
Hieronymus Bosch
Oil on Panel, 1485-1490
Thomas de Coloswar
Tempera on pine, 1427
Hans Multscher, 1437
The Adoration, with the Infant Baptist and St. Bernard
Fra Filippo Lippi
Tempera on panel, c.1432
Cornelis Floris
Marble, c.1570
21st Century creativity, teaching, and
commentary will depend even more on
recontextualization (Re-Mix)
Wilderness Adoration of the Child with
Saint John
Jacopo di Poggibonsi
Tempera on panel, c.1443-45.
Adoration of the Child with Saint John
Jacopo di Poggibonsi
Tempera on panel, c.1443-45
George Bush Don’t Like Black People
•  George Bush Don’t like black people (Black
Lantern)
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After Katrina, Kanye West criticizes Bush during live benefit concert on
NBC "George Bush doesn't care about black people."
Kanye West’s 2005 “Gold Digger” remixed by The Legendary KO, with
altered words by Big Mon and Damien a/k/a Dem Knock-Out Boyz.
Remix entitled: "George Bush Doesn't Care About Black People." The
mp3 swept the internet.
•  Black Lantern mashed together video clips from the Katrina aftermath,
West's Gold Digger video, and other footage of President Bush, pairing
it with the Legendary KO's remixed song, making essentially a music
video for the remixed song.
•  Sept 29, 2005 Jibjab sends “Cease and Desist” letter to Black Lantern
over 4 very short clips (total of 9 seconds); Black Lantern takes the
Besser-Orphans ©
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video off the Internet, removes the
Jibjab clips, then puts new version
3/29/08
back online
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George Bush Don’t Like Black
People
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http://www.theblacklantern.com/
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0:38, 2:18
Besser-Orphans ©
3/29/08
New Works, Compilations,
Social Commentary
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Re-Mix
New Works, Compilations,
Social Commentary
http://www.djspooky.com
/art/birth.html
•  So You Think You Can Be President? Debate Remix (Jonathan McIntosh)
–  APPROPRIATED SOURCE MATERIAL under
section 107 of the US Copyright Law:
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So You Think You Can Dance Season 3 & 4
2008 US Presidential Debates 1, 2 & 3 PBS, BBC, PBS
Road to the White House MSNBC
"The Politics of Dancing" sung by Re-Flex
•  The Dark Bailout
•  This Land is Your Land (JibJab)
Underlying Rights
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Recontextualization
Near future: How are things
changing as:
•  http://besser.tsoa.nyu.edu/howard/Talks
•  http://www.nyu.edu/tisch/preservation/
•  http://besser.tsoa.nyu.edu/howard/repurposing.html
•  Everyone has a camera everywhere
they go
•  Huge numbers of people have access
to easy-to-use tools for manipulating
images
•  Distribution of images worldwide is
easy, quick, and cheap
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The Image in an Age of Recontextualization

Transcription

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