Programme Book 2016 - 6th International Public Health Conference

Transcription

PROGRAMME AND ABSTRACT
6th INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC HEALTH CONFERENCE
“Public Health Responses For The Well-Being Of An Ageing Society”
30th MAY – 1st JUNE 2016
TH HOTEL & CONVENTION CENTRE,
KUALA TERENGGANU, MALAYSIA
Organiser:
Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine Chancellor Tuanku Muhriz Hospital, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre
Co-Organiser:
Universiti Sultan Zainal
Abidin (Unisza)
Terengganu State Health
Department
United Nations University International Institute for
Global Health (UNU-IIGH)
SCIENTIFIC / SYMPOSIUM SPEAKERS / PROCEEDING COMMITTEE 2016
Adviser
Professor Dr. Mohd Rizal Haji Abdul Manaf
Secretary
Dr. Faiz Daud
Chairperson of Scientific Committee
Associate Professor Dr. Aniza Ismail
Chairperson of Symposium Speakers Committee
Associate Professor Dr. Zaleha Md Isa
Members of Scientific Committee
Professor Dr. Noor Hassim Ismail
Professor Dr. Khadijah Shamsuddin
Professor Dr. Shamsul Azhar Shah
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Rosnah Sutan
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Khalib Latif
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Rozita Hod
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Azmawati Mohammed Nawi
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Azimatun Noor Aizuddin
Dr. Hanizah Mohd. Yusoff
Rozaina Mohd. Zain
Noorasmaa Husna Mohd Hasni
Rahimah Raoh
Members of Symposium Speakers Committee
Nor Aliawati Ahmad
CONTENT
NO SUBJECT
1
Foreword by Guest of Honour
i
2
Foreword by the Vice Chancellor of Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
ii
3
Foreword by the Dean of Faculty of Medicine & Director of UKM Medical Centre
iii
4
Foreword by the Chairman of the 6th International Public Health Conference
iv
5
Theme and Objectives
v
6
Organising Committee
vi
7
Pre-Conferences Schedule
ix
8
Opening Ceremony Programme
xi
9
Programme Schedule – Conference Day 1
xii
10
Programme Schedule – Conference Day 2
xv
11
List of Speakers:
 Keynote Address
 Plenary
 Symposium
xviii
xviii
xviii
Scientific Paper Presentation (Oral):
 Epidemiology & Statistics 1
 Family Health / Nutrition / Social Work 1
 Epidemiology & Statistics 2
 Health Management / Health Promotion
 Family Health / Nutrition / Social Work 2
 Occupational Health / Environmental Health
xxi
xxii
xxiii
xxiv
xxv
xxvii
List of Poster Presentation
 Epidemiology & Statistics
 Family Health / Social Work
 Nutrition
 Occupational Health
 Environmental Health
 Health Management
 Health Promotion
xxviii
xxix
xxx
xxx
xxxi
xxxi
xxxii
14
Abstracts
1-91
15
Advertisement
12
13
PAGE
FOREWORD
By Guest of Honour:
YAB Haji Ahmad Razif Abd. Rahman
Menteri Besar Terengganu
Assalamualaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh and Salam Sejahtera
It is with great pleasure that I welcome all delegates to the 6th International Public Health Conference. I am
greatly honoured to be given the opportunity to deliver this forwarding address on the current topic of this
conference that is Public Health Responses For The Well-being of an Ageing Society.
In today's world, many countries including Malaysia have been experiencing rapid ageing of their
population. People are living longer and birth rates has decline tremendously. It is striking that these
changes has indeed have an effect on many policy deliveries including health care provision and quality of
care of the elderly age group. The rise in the elderly population, if not matched by health improvements
may place greater pressure to the health finance of the ageing individuals as well as the nation on the whole.
In this event, expert from different stakeholders such as decision makers, researchers, health care
practitioners including public health specialist should come together to work collaboratively and hand in
hand in ensuring the healthy and well-being of the ageing society. The problems of the ageing society can
never be overcome if we work in silos without pluralistic approach from other disciplines. Our aim is to
provide a systematic, comprehensive framework in dealing with the health, social, economic, political needs
of the ageing population.
I salute all participants for their dedication in research and medical education in the public health expertise
especially in tackling problems of the ageing society. Take this opportunity to foster good relationship
locally and internationally as well as strengthen your research collaboration. Through this conference, I
hope our partnership in delivering excellent health care will be achieved tremendously.
Thank you.
6th International Public Health Conference (30th May-1st June 2016)
TH Hotel & Convention Centre, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
Page i
FOREWORD
By the Vice-Chancellor of Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia:
Professor Datuk Dr. Noor Azlan Ghazali
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
It gives me great pleasure to welcome all delegates to the 6th International Public Health Conference. Public
health is a critical part of the larger concept of health systems and the goal of public health is to improve
health outcomes for the population.
The trend of ageing society is global, affecting both the developed and developing world. This shifting
demographic trend has become one of the major concerns in public health especially in terms of sustaining
and providing the health care cost and services for the older age. We need to address the challenges not
only in view of providing the health needs to the elderly but we need to think on their opportunities in
labour participation as well their ability to live healthily and independently.
It is well known that research has a great role in shaping the society. More research and innovation needs
to be mobilised to help meet the challenges of the ageing society. These new findings as presented in this
conference on the topic on ageing society can then be added to the body of knowledge to be used to improve
the quality and delivery of health care services in a more efficient and cost effective way which could lead
to vast improvements in public health.
Therefore, I urge all delegates to make full use of this conference and to foster greater international
collaboration in public health for further enhancement of medical services, education and research.
I congratulate the organizing committee for their dedication in ensuring the success of this conference. I
wish you all the best.
Thank you.
Vice-Chancellor of Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Page ii
FOREWORD
By the Dean Faculty of Medicine and Director of Chancellor Tuanku
Muhriz Hospital, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre:
Professor Dr. Zaleha Abdullah Mahdy
Chancellor Tuanku Muhriz Hospital,
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre
It is with great pleasure that I welcome all delegates to the 6th International Public Health Conference.
Over the years, this meeting of minds, which was initiated two decades ago, has seen hundreds of topics
discussed and researches shared. New research in the Public Health sector has significantly improved the
healthcare delivery system in Malaysia. Collaborations between the Social and Welfare Department,
Ministry of Health and other sectors have been facilitated by this meeting. Young and innovative
researchers in this region were provided with a platform to share their findings.
This year marks another history as specialists, doctors, nurses and other healthcare personnel’s such as
health managers and social health workers in the Public Health sector, join forces in sharing their
experiences and seek new approaches to overcome the problems of the Ageing Society. In assuring the
healthy aging of our society, I urge all delegates to make full use of this opportunity to strive towards better
collaborations in overcoming issues with regards to the elderly. As a result, we aim good health among the
older age group so that they can live independently and play their part in contributing to the nation and
society.
My heartiest congratulations to the Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, UKMMC,
United Nations University International Institute for Global Health (UNU-IIGH) and University Sultan
Zainal Abidin, Trengganu for their combined effort in realizing this conference. I am confident that the
commitment shown by all parties will continue for years to come. May you have a meaningful conference.
Thank you.
Dean Faculty of Medicine and Director of Chancellor Tuanku Muhriz Hospital,
Page iii
FOREWORD
By the Chairman of 6th International Public Health Conference:
Head of Department, Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine,
Chancellor Tuanku Muhriz Hospital, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical
Centre
It is with great honour that I welcome all delegates to the 6th International Public Health Conference with
our theme this year which is “Public Health Responses for the Well-being of an Ageing Society.
As a Public Health Physician, we feel obliged to discuss on current issues in our yearly conference and this
year we believe that there is the need to bring up the issue pertaining to the well-being of the elderly society.
The ageing society in this country is on the rise as depicted by the increasing number of this population
globally. Similar to other countries, the ageing population stems from the increasing life expectancy at birth
and older age, as well as better coordination of health care and social services. People are living longer than
they were decades ago, as death rates from infectious diseases decline gradually.
The changing demographic trends are a growing public health concern to many. Older age group of people
should not be seen as a burden but they should be encouraged to lead a healthy life style. We need to
promote a healthy living and at the same time prevent early development of diseases such as chronic and
non-communicable diseases. We need to understand that the elderly who has advanced diseases should be
assisted with long term care and social support.
With these points, the organizing committee has carefully chosen this topic for us to ponder upon, in this
conference. We hope that this conference may generate discussions and future motivations to overcome
challenges and issues related to the ageing society.
I thank the organizing committee for their dedication in ensuring the success of this conference. May you
have a successful conference and we hope you will enjoy your stay in Malaysia.
Thank you.
Chairman of 6th International Public Health Conference
Head of Department, Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine,
Chancellor Tuanku Muhriz Hospital, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre
Page iv
THEME:
“Public Health Responses For The
Well-Being Of An Ageing Society”
OBJECTIVES:
 To deliberate issues related to the theme above.
 To bring together public health specialists, medical
specialists, scientists and healthcare practitioners to share
advances and knowledge by presenting current and new
findings.
 To create a platform to promote and enhance scientific
collaborations around the world.
 To provide opportunities for healthcare practitioners and
students to present scientific papers at international level.
 To provide networking and knowledge exchange
opportunities across a wide range of disciplines and
sectors.
Page v
ORGANISING COMMITTEE
PATRON

Vice Chancellor, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
ADVISOR

Dean Faculty of Medicine and Director of Chancellor Tuanku Muhriz
Hospital, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre
CHAIRMAN

Head, Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine,
Chancellor Tuanku Muhriz Hospital, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Medical Centre
SECRETARY

Dr. Faiz Daud
TREASURER

Dr. Rosnah Ismail
Qistina Mohd Ghazali
SUB-COMMITTEE MEMBERS:
SECRETARIAT

Chairman

Members
Dr. Faiz Daud
Dr. Idayu Badilla Idris
Dr. Halim Ismail
Siti Juhaidah Mohd Sharif
Nur Liyana Athirah Sohami
FINANCE & FUNDRAISING
 Dr. Ahmad Taufik Jamil
Chairman
 Mohd Rizam Abd Rahman
Members
Hazlina Mohd Miskam
IT SUPPORT, WEBS & ANNOUNCEMENT
 Assoc. Prof. Dr. Azmi Mohd Tamil
Chairman
 Sazman Wahab
Members
Wan Aishah Wan Nawi
Hamizah Hasan (JMP, UKMMC)
SCIENTIFIC EVENTS AND EQUIPMENTS
 Azman Ariff
Chairman


Muhamad Khadir Ismail
Mohamad Fuad Mohamad Affader
Page vi
SCIENTIFIC & PROCEEDING
 Assoc. Prof. Dr Aniza Ismail (Scientific)
Chairman
 Professor Dr. Noor Hassim Ismail
Members
Professor Dr. Khadijah Shamsuddin
Professor Dr. Shamsul Azhar Shah
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Rosnah Sutan
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Khalib Latif
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Rozita Hod
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Azmawati Mohammed Nawi
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Azimatun Noor Aizuddin
Dr. Hanizah Mohd. Yusoff
Rozaina Mohd. Zain
Noorasmaa Husna Mohd Hasni
Rahimah Raoh
SYMPOSIUM SPEAKERS
 Assoc. Prof. Dr. Zaleha Md Isa
Chairman
Nor Aliawati Ahmad
Members
LOGISTICS
Chairman
Members


Khairul Hazdi Yusof
Mokhtar Keling
Helmeshah Mohammad
Ahmad Nazri Itam Ahmad
ACCOMMODATION
 Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mohd Hasni Jaafar
Chairman
 Members
ALUMNI DINNER AND ENTERTAINMENT
Chairman
Members


Dr. Mohd Rohaizat Hassan
Hazlina Mohd Miskam
PROTOCOL & GIFTS
 Dr. Nazarudin Safian
Chairman
 Rodzaini Sabran
Members
Mohd Firdaus Habib
PRE-CONFERENCE WORKSHOP
 Dr. Halim Ismail
Chairman
 Noor Mujanah Kormin
Members
Siti Juhaidah Mohd Sharif
Page vii
SECRETARIAT (FOR 2nd NATIONAL ELDERLY SYMPOSIUM)
 Assoc. Prof. Dr. Khalib Latif
Chairman
 Professor Dr. Sharifa Ezat Wan Puteh
Members


Dr. Faiz Daud
Mohd Rizam Abd Rahman
SECRETARIAT (FROM UNIVERSITI SULTAN ZAINAL ABIDIN)
 Professor Dr. Rahmah Mohd Amin
Chairman
 Siti Asmah Mat Hasan
Members
Rasmah Embong
Norshuhada Abd Aziz
Nur Hasbulnizam Mamat
Shahrulnizam Sharifuddin
SECRETARIAT (FROM TERENGGANU STATE HEALTH DEPARTMENT)
 Dr. Balkis Ab Karim
Chairman
 Padhli Salleh @ Abdullah
Members
Mohd Azmil Kamal
Zulkifli Awang
Mohd Azmi Ibrahim
Page viii
PRECONFERENCE WORKSHOP
(DOCTORAL PUBLIC HEALTH SEMINAR)
‘Be Brilliant and Bold Towards Outstanding Public Health Services’
Date: 30th May 2016 (Monday)
Venue: Lecture Theatre, Medical Campus, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA),
Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
Time: 8.00am-5.00pm
TIME
PROGRAMME
0800-0900am
Registration
0900-0930am
OPENING CEREMONY
1. Du’a Recitation
0930-1000am
2.
Video presentation ~ The Bright Side Life as DrPH Student
3.
Opening Speech by:
Head of Department, Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Chancellor
Tuanku Muhriz Hospital, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre
PLENARY 1
Title: Challenges in Outbreak Management: Sharing Experience on How to Equip the Team
Speaker : Dr. Balkis Ab Karim
Epidemiology Officer, Terengganu Health State Department
ORAL PRESENTATION- 1ST SESSION (15 minutes presentation & 5 minutes Q&A)
Panel of Judges: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Zaleha Md. Isa, Dr. Idayu Badilla Idris & Dr. Hanizah Mohd Yusoff
1000-1020am
OP1: Dr. Aimi Nazri Mahat
Assessment of parenting skills using TTM staging and its predictors in preventing adolescent sexual
health risk behavior.
1020-1040am
OP2: Dr. Rahmat Dapari
Predictors of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases among steel industry workers: A case control
study in Terengganu, 2015.
1040-1100am
Tea break & Poster Presentation
ORAL PRESENTATION- 2nd SESSION (15 minutes presentation & 5 minutes Q&A)
Panel of Judges: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mohd Hasni Jaafar, Dr. Balkis Ab Karim & Dr. Hanizah Mohd Yusoff
1100-1120am
OP3: Dr. Nurnajayati Omar
Risk factors for acquisition of meliodosis in East Coast Peninsular Malaysia: A preliminary study.
Page ix
1120-1140am
OP4: Dr. Azizah Wahab
Occupational pesticide exposure among paddy farmers in Northwest Selangor and its relationship
with peripheral arterial diseases: A preliminary study.
1140-1200pm
OP5: Dr. Siti Norbayah Yusof
Validation of questionnaire reported exposure to plastic-based food contact materials.
1200-1220pm
OP6: Dr. Zaleha Md Nor
A review on BPA and its association with autism.
1220-1240pm
OP7: Dr. Rozaimah Abu Talib
Determinant of pre-pregnancy care services usage among reproductive age women in Kedah.
1240-1300pm
OP 8: Dr. Juhaida Md Noor
Mother’s perception and practice in fulfillment of infant’s health care needs.
1300-1400pm
Lunch Break
ORAL PRESENTATION- 2ND SESSION (15 minutes presentation & 5 minutes Q&A)
Panel of Judges: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Zaleha Md. Isa, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Aniza Abd Aziz & Dr. Idayu Badilla Idris
1400-1420pm
OP 9: Dr. Madihah Mustafa
Depression in elderly in Teluk Intan, Perak.
1420-1440pm
OP 10: Dr. Nurmawati Ahmad
Quality of life among asthmatic children attending primary health clinic in Melaka.
1440-1500pm
OP11: Dr. Siti Nurbaya Abdul Aziz
Factors associated with prehypertension and hypertension among adolescents in secondary school
in Melaka: A preliminary study.
1500-1530pm
PLENARY 2
Title: Public Health Medicine Specialist: Now and the Way Forward
Speaker: Dr. Ismuni Bohari,
Public Health Specialist, Public Health Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia
153001600pm
Gift and Certificate;
i.
HIDAYASU OYAMA AWARD
ii.
Presenters
iii.
Judges
1600pm
End of Doctoral Public Health Seminar & Tea Time
Page x
OPENING CEREMONY PROGRAMME
Date: 31st May 2016 (Tuesday)
Venue: TH Hotel & Convention Centre, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
Room: Baiduri 2 & 3
TIME
PROGRAMME
09.00am
Arrival of Invited Guests
09.15am
Arrival of the Vice-Chancellor of Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia and the ViceChancellor of Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA)
10.00am
Arrival of Guest of Honour: Menteri Besar Terengganu
10.15am
Negaraku and Varsiti Kita
Prayer/Du’a Recitation
Speech by the Chairman of 6th International Public Health Conference
Head of Department, Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Chancellor
Speech by the Deputy Vice-Chancellor of Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Professor Dato’ Noor Aziah Haji Mohd Awal
Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Students & Alumni Affairs), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Opening Speech by Guest of Honour:
Launching of Conference
Price Giving (Token of Appreciation)
Video: Message From Dr. John Beard
Director, Department of Ageing & Life Course, World Health Organization (WHO) Geneva.
11.15am
Visiting the Exhibition Booths and Posters
Page xi
&
2nd NATIONAL ELDERLY SYMPOSIUM
CONFERENCE DAY 1
Date: 31st May 2016 (Tuesday)
TIME
PROGRAMME
8.00am – 9.00am
REGISTRATION (Venue: Hotel Lobby)
9.00am – 9.40am
PLENARY 1
Title: Public Health Psychology Contributions to the Well-being of An Ageing
Society
Speaker: Professor Dr. Helen Russell Winefield
School of Psychology, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
Chairperson: Professor Dr. Mohd Rizal Haji Abdul Manaf
Room: Baiduri 2 & 3
9.40am – 9.50am
TEA BREAK & POSTER SESSION
(Venue: Ballroom Foyer)
10.00am– 11.15am
OPENING CEREMONY
Room: Baiduri 2 & 3
11.15am – 12.00pm
KEYNOTE ADDRESS
Title: Public Health Responses For the Well-being of An Ageing Society
Speaker: To’ Puan Dr. Safurah Jaafar
Director of Family Health Development Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia
Chairperson: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Rosnah Sutan
Room: Baiduri 2 & 3
12.00pm – 1.30pm
SYMPOSIUM 1 & 2 (CONCURRENT)
SYMPOSIUM 1 – OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH & ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
Chairperson: Dr. Hanizah Mohd Yusoff
Room: Baiduri 1
Page xii
12.00pm – 12.30pm
SYMP1-1
1.
Title: Adapting Work Life to Chronic Illness
12.30pm – 1.00pm
SYMP1-2
2.
Title: Work and Well-Being in An Aging Society- The BASF Perspective
Speaker: Dr. Jefferelli Shamsul Bahrin
Regional Head, Occupational Medicine and Health Protection (AC/E)
BASF Malaysia
1.00pm – 1.30pm
SYMP1-3
3.
Title: Social Security: Issues, Challenges and Prospects in Ageing Workers
Speaker: Mr. John Riba Marin
Deputy Chief Executive (Operations), Social Security Organization (SOCSO)
SYMPOSIUM 2 – 2ND NATIONAL ELDERLY SYMPOSIUM (Forum)
Moderator / Chairperson: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Rahmah Mohd Amin
Room: Baiduri 2 & 3
12.00pm – 1.00pm
FORUM-1
1.00pm – 1.30pm
SYMP2-1
Title: Managing Elderly Organization: Sharing Experiences For Future Benefit
1.
Speaker: Datuk Abdullah Malim Baginda
President, Persatuan Usia Mas Malaysia
2.
Speaker: Hj.Jamaludin Ismail
President, Persatuan Warga Emas Hulu Langat (PWEHL)
3.
Speaker: En. Mohd Ali Ibrahim
Mantan Pengarah, Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat, Terengganu
4.
Speaker: Hj. Mustafa Md Yusof
Setiausaha, Kelab Warga Emas DUN Bukit Tunggal, Terengganu
Title: Building Bridges between Hospital and Home - Safe, Competent and Cost
Effective Home Nursing
Speaker: Mr Asok Nair
Managing Director, Nurses At Home Sdn. Bhd.
1.30pm – 2.30pm
LUNCH & PRAYER
2.30pm - 4.00pm
SYMPOSIUM 3 – EPIDEMIOLOGY
Chairperson: Dr. Mohd Rohaizat Hassan
Room: Baiduri 1
Page xiii
2.30pm-3.00pm
SYMP3-1
1.
Title: Community & Elderly Health Module: An Education Model Used in
Niigata University Faculty of Medicine
Speaker: Professor Dr. Seitaro Iguchi
Graduate School of Medical & Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Japan
3.00pm-3.30pm
SYMP3-2
2.
Title: Mathematical Modelling of Infectious
Understanding Its Roles in Public Health
Disease
Epidemiology:
Speaker: Assoc. Prof Dr. Wan Mohd Zahiruddin Wan Mohammad
School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM)
3.30pm-4.00pm
SYMP3-3
3.
Title: The Analysis of Seroprevalence Study Using Mixture Model
Speaker: Dr. Nazarudin Safian
Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Chancellor Tuanku
Muhriz Hospital, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre
SYMPOSIUM 4 – HEALTH PROMOTION
Chairperson: : Dr. Dalilah Roslan
Room: Baiduri 2 & 3
2.30pm-3.00pm
SYMP4-1
Title: Exercise Prescription For Older Adult
Speaker: Dr. Ahmad Taufik Jamil
Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Chancellor
Tuanku Muhriz Hospital, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical
Centre
3.00pm-4.00pm
FORUM 2
SYMPOSIUM 4 – 2ND NATIONAL ELDERLY SYMPOSIUM (Forum)
Moderator: Dr. Dalilah Roslan
Room: Baiduri 2 & 3
Title: Landscaping the Future For the Aged
4.00pm-4.30pm
1.
Speaker: Tan Sri Dato’ Paduka Raja Haji Wan Mahmood Pawan Teh
President, Persatuan Pesara Kerajaan Malaysia
2.
Speaker: Dato’ Dr. Hj. Abdul Razak Kechik
President, Yayasan Al-Khalifah
TEA BREAK& POSTER SESSION
Page xiv
CONFERENCE DAY 2
Date: 1st June 2016 (Wednesday)
TIME
PROGRAMME
8.30am-9.15am
PLENARY 2
Title: Social Capital and Community Based Medicine in Japan
Chairperson: Professor Dr. Shamsul Azhar Shah
Room: Baiduri 2
9.15am - 10.45am
SCIENTIFIC PAPER 1 PRESENTATION – 3 CONCURRENT SESSIONS
(A/B/C)
Session A: Epidemiology / Statistics (1)
Chairperson: Dr. Siti Nurbaya Shahrir
Room: Baiduri 1
Session B: Family Health / Nutrition / Social Work (1)
Chairperson: Dr. Areena Yusof
Room: Baiduri 3
Session C: Epidemiology / Statistics (2)
Chairperson: Muhammad Haikal Ghazali
Room: Baiduri 2
10.45 am – 11.00 am
11.00 am – 1.10 pm
SCIENTIFIC PAPER 2 PRESENTATION – 3 CONCURRENT SESSIONS
(D/E/F)
Session D: Health Management / Health Promotion
Chairperson: Dr. Jamilah Yusoff
Room: Baiduri 1
Session E: Family Health / Nutrition / Social Work (2)
Chairperson: Dr. Norhanizam Puteh
Room: Baiduri 3
Session F: Environmental Health / Occupational Health
Chairperson: Dr. Mohd Fairuz Adnan
Room: Baiduri 2
Page xv
1.10 pm - 2.30pm
LUNCH & PRAYER
2.30pm - 4.00pm
SYMPOSIUM 5 – FAMILY HEALTH
Chairperson: Dr. Idayu Badilla Idris
Room: Baiduri 2
2.30pm - 3.00pm
SYMP5-1
1. Title: Influence of Social Support on Cognitive Impairment
Speaker: Professor Dr. Abdul Rashid Khan Md Jagar Din
Deputy Dean Postgraduate Affairs & International Relations,
Penang Medical College, Malaysia
3.00pm – 3.30pm
SYMP5-2
2. Title: The Voices of Sandwich Generation in Klang Valley, Malaysia
Speaker: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Rahmah Mohd Amin
Public Health Consultant and Gerontologist, Faculty of Medicine,
Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA)
3.30pm - 4.00pm
SYMP5-3
3. Title: Elderly In-Service Perspective
Speaker: Dr. Norhana Yazid
Besut District Health Office, Terengganu
SYMPOSIUM 6 – ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH / UNITED NATIONS
UNIVERSITY- INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR GLOBAL HEALTH
(UNU-IIGH)
Chairperson: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Rozita Hod
Room: Baiduri 3
2.30pm - 3.00pm
SYMP6-1
1.
Title: Impact of Air Pollution on The Elderly Population
Speaker: Professor Dr. Jamal Hisham Hashim
United Nations University- International Institute For Global Health
(UNU-IIGH)
3.00pm – 3.30pm
SYMP6-2
2.
Title: TBA
Speaker: Dr. Jose Siri
United Nations University- International Institute For Global Health
(UNU-IIGH)
3.30pm - 4.00pm
SYMP6-3
3.
Title: Exercise Improve Micronutrient among Elderly In Selangor
Speaker: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mohd Hasni Jaafar
Centre
Page xvi
4.00pm - 4.30pm
BEST ORAL AND POSTER PRESENTER AWARD & CLOSING CEREMONY
(Room: Baiduri 3)
4.30pm- 5.00pm
Page xvii
LIST OF SPEAKERS
PAGE
KEYNOTE ADDRESS
Title: Public Health Responses For the Well-being of An Ageing Society
Speaker: To’ Puan Dr. Safurah Jaafar
Director of Family Health Development Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia
2
PLENARY
PLENARY 1
Title: Public Health Psychology Contributions to the Well-being of An Ageing Society
PLENARY 2
Title: Social Capital and Community Based Medicine in Japan
3
-
SYMPOSIUM
SYMP 1-1
Title: Adapting Work Life to Chronic Illness
School of Psychology, University of Adelaide
SYMP 1-2
Title: Work and Well-Being in An Aging Society- The BASF Perspective
Speaker: Dr. Jefferelli Shamsul Bahrin
Regional Head, Occupational Medicine and Health Protection (AC/E) BASF Malaysia
SYMP 1-3
Title: Social Security: Issues, Challenges and Prospects in Ageing Workers
Speaker: Mr. John Riba Marin
Deputy Chief Executive (Operations), Social Security Organization (SOCSO)
FORUM-1
Title: Managing Elderly Organization: Sharing Experiences For Future Benefit
1.
Speaker: Datuk Abdullah Malim Baginda
President, Persatuan Usia Mas Malaysia
2.
Speaker: Hj.Jamaludin Ismail
President, Persatuan Warga Emas Hulu Langat (PWEHL)
5
5
5
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Page xviii
3.
Speaker: En. Mohd Ali Ibrahim
Mantan Pengarah, Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat, Terengganu
4.
Speaker: Hj. Mustafa MdYusof
Setiausaha, Kelab Warga Emas DUN Bukit Tunggal, Terengganu
SYMP 2-1
Title: Building Bridges between Hospital and Home - Safe, Competent and Cost Effective
Home Nursing
Speaker: Mr Asok Nair
SYMP 3-1
Title: Community & Elderly Health Module: An Education Model Used in Niigata
University Faculty of Medicine
SYMP 3-2
Title: Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Disease Epidemiology: Understanding Its Roles
in Public Health
Speaker: Assoc. Prof Dr. Wan Mohd Zahiruddin Wan Mohammad
School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM)
SYMP 3-3
Title: The Analysis of Seroprevalence Study Using Mixture Model
Speaker: Dr. Nazarudin Safian
Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Chancellor Tuanku Muhriz
Hospital, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre
SYMP 4-1
Title: Exercise Prescription For Older Adult
Speaker: Dr. Ahmad Taufik Jamil
FORUM-2
Title: Landscaping the Future For the Aged
1.
Speaker: Tan Sri Dato’ Paduka Raja Haji Wan Mahmood Pawan The
President, Persatuan Pesara Kerajaan Malaysian
2.
Speaker: Dato’ Dr. Hj. Abdul Razak Kechik
President, Yayasan Al-Khalifah
SYMP 5-1
Title: Influence of Social Support on Cognitive Impairment
Speaker: Professor Dr. Abdul Rashid Khan Md Jagar Din
Deputy Dean Postgraduate Affairs & International Relations, Penang Medical College,
Malaysia
6
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7
7
8
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Page xix
SYMP 5-2
Title: The Voices of Sandwich Generation in Klang Valley, Malaysia
Speaker: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Rahmah Mohd Amin
Public Health Consultant and Gerontologist, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan
Zainal Abidin (UniSZA)
SYMP 5-3
Title: Elderly In-Service Perspective
Speaker: Dr. Norhana Yazid
SYMP 6-1
Title: Impact of Air Pollution on the Elderly Population
Speaker: Professor Dr. Jamal Hisham Hashim
United Nations University- International Institute For Global Health (UNU-IIGH)
SYMP 6-2
Title: TBA
Speaker: Dr. Jose Siri
United Nations University- International Institute For Global Health (UNU-IIGH)
SYMP 6-3
Title: Exercise Improve Micronutrient among Elderly in Selangor
Speaker: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mohd Hasni Jaafar
Centre
9
9
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Page xx
SCIENTIFIC PAPER PRESENTATION
Session A: Epidemiology / Statistics (1)
Time: 9.15am-10.45am
Room: Baiduri 1
Chairperson: Dr. Siti Nurbaya Shahrir
PAGE
OP A1: Time: 9.15am
Title: Risk of Cardiovascular Event among Malaysian: Not A Predominantly Urban Problem
Anymore
Noor Hassim Ismail, Rosnah Ismail, Norazman Mohd Rosli*, Diana Mahat, Khairul Hazdi Yusof
11
OP A2: Time: 9.25am
Title: Ultrasonography: Cross Sectional Area of Median Nerve in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Othman N*, Sridharan R, Nawi A, Faiz D, Remli R
11
OP A3: Time: 9.35am
Title: “Traditional Factors” and Risk of Ischemic Heart Disease among Women in Terengganu
Norafidah AR*, Azmawati MN, Balkis AK, Hasnan A, Mohd J, Mohd Sapawi M, Shamsuddin K
12
OP A4: Time: 9.45am
Title: Traditional and Complementary Medicine Use in Knee Osteoarthritis and Its Associated
Factors among Patients in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia
Nik Abdul Hafiz nik Shafii, Lili HusniatiYaacob*, Azidah Abdul Kadir, Azlina Ishak
OP A5: Time: 9.55am
Title: Study of Spatial Distributions and Association between Aedes Indices and Dengue Outbreaks
in Kota Tinggi, Johor in 2015
Norzaher Ismail*, Shamsul Azhar Shah, Nazarudin Safian
OP A6: Time: 10.05am
Title: Changes in Dengue Incidence and Mass People Movement During Eids Celebration in Klang
Valley and Kelantan State
Chew Cheng Hoon*, Cheah Wee Kooi, Chew Chun Keat, Tassha Hilda Adnan, Hor Chee Peng, Rose
Nani Mudin, Goh Pik Pin, Noor Hassim Ismail, Shamsul Azhar Shah
OP A7: Time: 10.15am
Title: Prevalence of Treatment Success For Tuberculosis Patient and Its Contributing Factors in
Hulu Langat
Siti Nor Mat*, Aniza Ismail, Mohd Hanif Zailani
13
13
14
15
Page xxi
Session B: Family Health / Nutrition / Social Work (1)
Room: Baiduri 3
Chairperson: Dr. Areena Yusof
PAGE
OP B1: Time: 9.15am
Title: Predicting Risks of Osteoporotic Fractures among Elderly Visiting Outpatient Department
in Kulim Hospital
Selvanaayagam Shanmuganathan*, Abdul Rashid Khan, Premnath Nagalingam
OP B2: Time: 9.25am
Title: Associated Factors For Unexpected Maternal Delivery Outcomes among High Risk Pregnant
Mothers in Pasir Puteh, Kelantan in 2015
Hafizuddin Awang*, Zawiyah Dollah, Hazlina Ishak, Noreliya Ali
OP B3: Time: 9.35am
Title: The Effectiveness of Molta-P Programme in Improving Performance of Upper Extremity
Function in Children with Cerebral Palsy
Nur Zaidah Zulkapli*, Sazlina Kamaralzaman, Nur Zakiah Mohd. Saat
OP B4: Time: 9.45am
Title: Trend and Predictors of Microcephaly among Infant in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Medical Centre, 2011 To 2015
Yeong May Luu*, Rosnah Sutan
17
17
18
19
OP B5: Time: 9.55am
Title: Attitudes towards Ageing and Perceived Health Status among The Elderly in Malaysia
Noor'ain Mohamad Yunus*, Noor Hazilah Abdul Manaf, Azura Omar, Nurita Juhdi
19
OP B6: Time: 10.05am
Title: Adolescents Perceptions of The ‘Substance Use Violence Nexus : A South African Perspective
Gadija Khan*, Shazly Savahl, Serena Isaacs
20
OP B7: Time: 10.15am
Title: Food Security Status and Related Factors of Undergraduate Students Receiving Financial
Aid at A South African University
Frederick Veldman, Susanna Kassier, Nophiwe Job*
20
Page xxii
Session C: Epidemiology / Statistics (2)
Room: Baiduri 2
Chairperson: Muhammad Haikal Ghazali
PAGE
OP C1: Time: 9.15am
Title: Impact of Diabetes Medication Therapy Adherence Clinic (DMTAC) and Determinants of
Success among Type II Diabetic Patients in Seremban
Massitah Mihat*, Mohd Rizal Abdul Manaf, Mohamed Ismail Lasa
OP C2: Time: 9.25am
Title: Kaigo Hoken: The Japanese Way to Mitigate Challenges of Ageing
Norazman Mohd Rosli, Ihsani Mahmood*, Rohaizat Hassan, Shamsul Azhar Shah
OP C3: Time: 9.35am
Title: Prevalence of Hypertension and Its Associated Risk Factors of among Univeriti Putra
Malasysia Non-Academic Staff (UPM)
Osman Fiidow*, Huda Zainuddin, Salmiah Md. Said
OP C4: Time: 9.45am
Title: Dietary Sodium Intake and Its Association with Blood Pressure among Male Population in
Hulu Langat District
Norrina J*, Isa ZM, Ismail N. H., Ja’afar M. H., Tamil A. M., Ismail R., Yusof K. H
OP C5: Time: 9.55am
Title: Validation on Malay Version of Physical Work Load Instrument among Health Care
Worker in Hctm
Farah Jihan Ab Ghafar*, Hanizah Mohd Yusoff
OP C6: Time: 10.05am
Title: Effect of Physical Activity Intervention on Fasting Blood Glucose and Lipid Profile among
Low Income Housewives in Klang Valley: A Quasi Experiment
Mohd Normazlan Husain*, Ahmad Taufik Jamil, Azahadi Omar, Noor Safiza Mohamad Nor, Rashidah
Ambak, Fazliana Mansor, Nur Liyana Ahmad Zamri
Title: Quality of Life Assessment of Drug Addicts Entering Methadone Maintenance Programme
in Melaka Government Health Clinics
Syafiq Taib*, Halim Ismail
Title: Psychometric Evaluation of The Malay Version Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) Social
Support Survey Using Confirmatory Factor Analysis in Caregivers of Children with Disabilities
Siti Nor Ismalina Isa*, Ismarulyusda Ishak, Nur Zakiah Mohd Saat, Syarif Husin Lubis, Muhammad
Faiz Mohd Ismail
23
23
24
25
25
26
27
27
Page xxiii
Session D: Health Management / Health Promotion
Time: 11.00am-1.00pm
Room: Baiduri 1
Chairperson: Dr. Jamilah Yusoff
PAGE
OP D1: Time: 11.00am
Title: Health Education Needs and Risky Sexual Behaviour Issues among Adolescents in Sarawak,
Malaysia
Albeny Joslyn Panting*, Pises Busu
Title: Early Initiation of Breastfeeding in Nigeria: Facilitators and Barriers
Itse Jacdonmi*, Muhamad S. Suhainizam, Ismail B. Suriani, Gbubemi R. Jacdonmi, Opara O. Monica
Title: Knowledge and Attitude towards HIV/AIDS among University Students in The Klang
Valley
Norazilah J.*, Rosnah S., Idris I.B., Mahdy ZA., Rahmah M.A., Ghafari M., Shamsuddin K.
Title: Appendicitis: Accuracy of The Provisional Diagnosis
Aniza Ismail, Saperi Sulung, Siti Hasnah Nasarudin*, Nur Fadhilah Mohd Razib, Norfazillah
Ab Manan, Manakandan SK
Title: Predictors For Length of Stay and Readmissions among Schizophrenia Patients in PPUKM
Aniza Ismail, Saperi Sulong, Mohd Shaiful Azlan Kassim*, Siti Nurbaya Shahrir, Muhammad Haikal
Ghazali, Mohd Fairuz Addnan
Title: The Psychometric Properties of The Malay Version of Hospital Survey on Patient Safety
Culture (HSOPSC-M)
Safaridah Anuar*, Tan Seow Koon, Rusinahayati Mukhtaruddin, Tin Tin Su
OP D7: Time: 12.00pm
Title: Patient Satisfaction and Service Quality: A Survey of The Outpatient Services at Cheras
Rehabilitation Hospital
Md. Anuar Abd. Samad*, Mohd. Rizal Abdul Manaf, Roslan Johari Mohd. Ghazali, Husmeela Hussain
Title: Patient Education During Home Visit: Most Valued Initiative
Ahmad Arif Hussin*, Zalena Mohd Nor , Mazriazie Md Isa, Marzaita Mat Yunan, Faiz Daud
Title: Community Empowerment and The Associated Factors among The 2014 Flood Victims in
Pahang
Humadevi Sivasamy, Rozita Hod, Sharifa Ezat Wan Puteh*, Azmawati Mohammed Nawi, Idayu Badilla
Idris, Izzah Syazwani Ahmad, Chamhuri Siwar, Mohd Raihan Taha
30
30
31
32
32
33
33
34
35
Page xxiv
Session E: Family Health / Nutrition / Social Work (2)
Room: Baiduri 3
Chairperson: Dr. Norhanizam Puteh
PAGE
OP E1: Time: 11.00am
Title: HPV Self-Sampling Acceptability in Women Attending Universiti Teknologi MARA Medical
Centre
Nik Nairan Abdullah*, Suzanna Daud, Wang Seok Mui, Waqar Al-Kubaisy, Fathin Diyana Mohamad
Hussin
Title: Self Esteem and Coping Styles of Male and Female College Students in Kuala Lumpur
Gunaseelan G*, Wan Ismail WS, Aniza I, Jaffar A, Faiz D, Ghafari M, Shamsuddin K
Title: The Relationship between Parenting Behaviours and Children’s Self-Esteem with Mental
Health Problems among Teenagers
Ida Dalina Nordin*, Idayu Badilla Idris, Rozita Hod, Noor Azimah Muhammad, Hanizah Mohd Yusoff,
Nornatasha Azida Anuar, Qistina Mohd Ghazali
Title: Factors Associated With Caregiver Burden In Mental Illness: Does Resilience Matter?
Zamzaliza Abdul Mulud*, Geraldine McCarthy
Title: A Comparative Study on Prevalence of Dementia among Elderly Living at Own Home,
Pondok and Old Folks Home in Kelantan
Rohayu Hami*, Mohd Hashim Mohd Hassan, Norsa’adah Bachok, Azidah Abdul Kadir, Che Hasanah
Che Ismail
Title: Gender Differences in Factors Affecting Appropriateness of Health Seeking Behaviour
among Known Diabetics in Tanjong Karang
Muhammad Naím Mat Salleh*, Aniza Ismail, Rosnah Sutan, Khadijah Shamsuddin
OP E7: Time: 12.00pm
Title: Are Cultures of Giving Water Reduce The Exclusive Breastfeeding Practice in Kuala Langat
District, Malaysia?
Siti Harirotul Hamrok Asis*, Hazreen Abdul Majid, Nabilla Al-Sadat
Title: Communal Interdependence and Healthy Ageing of The Malay Older People: An
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis
Ahmad Shahir Abdul Mutalib*, Akehsan Dahlan
38
38
39
40
40
41
41
42
Page xxv
Title: Pilot Study on Bullying and Its Associated Factors among The Students in Malaysian
National Secondary School
Vikneswaran Sabramani*, Idayu Badilla Idris, Halim Ismail, Hanizah Mohd Yusoff, Nornatasha Azida
Anuar
Title: The Effect of Job Demands and Job Performance on Work Family Conflict among Dual
Earner-Partner: Dyadic Analysis
Afifah Idris*, Rosnah Ismail
Title: Hospital Management of Ectopic Pregnancy-Comparing Laparoscopic and Open
Laparotomy
Aniza I, Saperi Sulong, Areena Yusof*, Jamilah Yusoff, Norhanizam Puteh, Gan Yan Nee
43
43
44
Page xxvi
Session F: Environmental Health / Occupational Health
Room: Baiduri 2
Chairperson: Dr. Mohd Fairuz Adnan
PAGE
OP F1: Time: 11.00am
Title: Adverse Respiratory and Cardiovascular Effects of Outdoor Particulate Air Pollution in The
Elderly
Norfazillah Ab Manan*, Rozita Hod, Mazrura Sahani, Rosnah Ismail, Aniza Ismail
46
Title: Community Environment and Individual Influences on Cardiovascular Risks in The Klang
Valley
Hidayatul Fariha Sulaiman*, Noor Hassim Ismail, Khairul Hazdi Yusof, Rosnah Ismail
Title: Perception on Issues Regarding Cleanliness, Solid Waste Management and Public Cleansing
– A Preliminary Survey among Public Health Students in A Public University in Kuala Lumpur
Zaleha Md. Isa, Nur Fadhilah Mohd Razib*, Sujith Kumar Manakandan, Norfazillah Ab Manan, Siti
Hasnah Nasarudin
Title: Lessons on Environmental Health and Disaster Preparedness, Response and Recovery from
The Severe Kelantan Flooding in 2014
Mohd Firdaus Mohd Radi*, Mohd Hasni Jaafar, Rozita Hod, Norfazilah Ahmad, Azmawati Mohamed
Nawi, Gul Muhammad Baloch, Rohaida Ismail, Nur Izzah Farakhin Ayub, Jamal Hisham Hashim
Title: Occupational Hazards among The Abattoir Workers Associated with Noncompliance to The
Meat Processing and Waste Disposal Laws in Malaysia
Azmi Hassan*, Auwalu Abdullahi, Norizhar Kadarman
Title: To Filter or Not to Filter
Manakandan Sk*, Mohd Hasni Jaafar, Norfazillah Ab Manan, Siti Hasnah Nasarudin, Nur Fadhilah
Mohd Razib,
46
47
48
48
49
OP F7: Time: 12.00pm
Title: Human Leptospirosis Cases and The Associating Climate Factors in Seremban District 2015
Nur Firdaus Mohd Rus*, Rozita Hod, Mazrura Sahani, Noor Khalili Mohd Ali
50
Title: Association of Blood Glucose and Heavy Metals among Adults in Selangor
Sharul Rizan Ilias*, Mohd Hasni Ja’afar
50
Title: Translation and Preliminary Validation of The Malay Version of The Workstyle Shortform
Measure among Office Workers
Siti Hasmah Ilias*, Hanizah Mohd. Yusoff
51
Page xxvii
POSTER PRESENTATION
Date: 30th May – 1st June 2016
Venue: Ballroom Foyer
EPIDEMIOLOGY / STATISTICS
PAGE
PP1
Title: Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infection and Its Correlation with The Type of Job among
Children in Bantar Gebang Landfill, Bekasi
Muhammad Khoirul Huda*, Rawina Winita
PP2
Title: Leptospirosis in Pasir Puteh, Kelantan: A Pursuing Surge
Hafizuddin Awang*, Zawiyah Dollah, Ahmad Marzuki Kassim, Helmy Mohamad, Izamin Idris
53
53
PP3
Title: Association of Psychological Status and Insomnia among Pre-Clinical Medical Students of A
Government University
Salmiah Md Said*, Nurfarah Nadia Mohd Farid, Ng Wei Quan, Goh Xin Ni
54
PP4
Title: Validation of Incontinence Praying Ability (I-PA) among Muslim Women
Dariah Mohd Yusoff, Hanis Ismail*, Kueh Yee Cheng, Syed Hatim Noor@Nyi Nyi Naing
54
PP5
Title: Factors Associated with The Mode of Delivery in Twin Pregnancy in Hospital USM
Nor Azlina Rosdi*, Sarimah Abdullah, Fauziah Jummaat, Syed Hatim Noor
55
PP6
Title: Removal Time of Implantable Venous Access Port in Cancer Patients and Its Prognostic
Factors of Removal Due to Complications
Nurul Mawaddah Mohammad*, Syed Hatim Noor, Siti Azrin Ab Hamid, Sahran Yahaya
PP7
Title: Determinants For Alcohol Consumption on Student in Special Region of Yogyakarta Indonesia
Niko Yuandi, Pariawan Lutfi Ghazali*, Maftuhah Nurbeti
56
56
PP8
Title: Diabetic Counseling Centre UKMMC: Resourceful Venture
Marzaita MY*, Mazriazie MI, Zalena MN, Ahmad Arif H, Faiz D
57
PP9
Title: Loose Value Mindless Life: Cultivating Recycling Behaviour at Workplace
Siti Hasmah I, Humadevi S*, Faiz D
57
Page xxviii
PP10
Title: Breast Self Screening among University Students in Malaysia
Mohd Rohaizat Hassan*, Hasanain Faisal Ghazi, Ahlam S. Mohamed, Nazarudin Safian, Saladina
Jaszle Jasmin
PP11
Title: Validity and Reliability Test of Bilingual (Bahasa Malaysia and English) Version of The
Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS-21) among Breast Cancer Patients
Nurasyikin Zakaria, Fuad Ismail, Hazli Zakaria, Mohd Nahar Azmi, Rohaizak Muhammad, Ruzita Abd.
Talib, Syed Zulkifli Syed Zakaria, Zaleha Md Isa*
FAMILY HEALTH / SOCIAL WORK
PP12
Title: Incidence and Risk Factors of Functional Limitation and Physical Disability among
Community Dwelling Elderly in Kuala Pilah, Malaysia
Norliana Ismail*, Farizah Hairi, Claire CWY, Noran N Hairi, Sajaratulnisah Othman, Tan MP, Devi
Peramalah, Bulgiba AM, Zainudin Mohd Ali, Suriyati Abd Aziz, Rohaya Ramli, Zaiton Lal Mohamad,
Sharifah Nor Ahmad, Inayah Abd Razak
58
59
PAGE
61
PP13
Title: Sexual Health and Aging Population in Malaysia: A Review of Literature
61
PP14
Title: Wrong Health Perception of Anti-Vaccine, The Fallacy of Judgement
Sharul Rizan Ilias*, Muhammad Naím Mat Salleh, Faiz Daud
62
PP15
Title: Silence of The Lustful Mind: Living with Satans
Norzaher I*, Syafiq T, Faiz D
63
PP16
Title: Effectiveness of School Young Doctor Program in Medan Area Subdistrict, Medan Indonesia
Pinta Pudiyanti Siregar*, Rosnah Sutan
63
PP17
Title: The Association of Internet Usage with Body Compositions among Adolescents in Malaysia
Nurul Haniza MY*, Tin Tin Su, Nabilla Al Sadat, Liam Murray, Marie Cantwell, Muhammad Yazid
Jalaludin, Karuthan Chinna, Maznah Dahlui, Hazreen Abdul Majid
64
PP18
Title: Psychological Impact of Infertility among Malaysian Infertile Couples (Men and Women)
Noor Izni Mohamed Shapie*, Nik Daliana Nik Farid
65
PP19
Title: Irrelevant Tradition: Irrational Taboo in Post-Partum Practices
Siti Nor Mat*, Suliana Mohamad Shuib, Faiz Daud
65
PP20
Title: Living in The Dark: Poor Financial Practices Leading to Feeble Elderly Health
Hidayatul Fariha Sulaiman*, Nur Firdaus Mohd Rus, Faiz Daud
66
Page xxix
PP21
Title: Identification of Research Gaps Related to Maternal and Neonatal Health by Pregnancy Life
Stages in Proposals Registered by The Malaysian Research and Ethics Approval Databases from
2008-2013
Kamilah Muhammad Amir*, Rosnah Sutan
PP22
Title: Influence of Family Interaction and Parenting Behaviours on Sexual Intention in Male
and Female Youths
Noor Azimah M, Kamilah MA*, Rahmah MA, Khairani O, Shamsuddin K
PP23
Title: Assessment of Micronutrients and Health Status among Elderly in Hulu Langat, Selangor
Tay S.B, Wong S.K, Rahamzan N.A, Tiong H.C, Chin C.H, Zulkafli M.N*, Tan T.L, Idris I.D, Rozaina
M.Z, Aishah W.N, Hasni M.J
PP24
Title: Factors that Affect The Psychological Well-Being of The Homeless Persons in Kuala Lumpur
Nurkhaidaratul Abdul Halik*, Idayu Badilla Idris
NUTRITION
PP25
Title: Weight Loss Dietary Supplement: The Hidden Danger
Gunaseelan*, Hamenudin Hamzah, Faiz Daud
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
PP26
Title: Needlestick and Sharp Injuries (NSSIS) and Factors Associated with Defaulted Follow Up
among Healthcare Workers (HCWS) in Kelantan from January 2010 till December 2015
Nik Aida Nik Adib, Rohaida Ismail, Mohd Ismail Ibrahim*
PP27
Title: Health-Related Quality of Life of Orang Asli and Non-Orang Asli Population in Kuala
Langat Selangor and Its Determinant Factors: A Comparative Cross Sectional Study
Aniza Ismail, Norfazilah Ahmad, Norhayati Mokhtar*
PP28
Title: Does Occupational Characteristics Affect Health Care Worker Perception on Psychosocial
Safety Climate (PSC)?
Norhasliza Abu Bakar*, Marzuki Isahak, Awang Bulgiba
PP29
Title: Knowledge, Attitude and Practice on Safety in Children among Staff of Faculty of
Medicines and Health Science Universiti Putra Malaysia
Hayati KS, Salmiah MS*, Monisha M, Nurfatini I
67
67
68
69
PAGE
72
PAGE
74
74
75
76
Page xxx
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
PP30
Title: Knowledge, Attitude and Behavior in Avoiding Secondhand Smoke (SHS) Exposure among
Non-Smoking People
Nur Zainie Abd Hamid*
PP31
Title: Residual Chlorine in Tap Water vs Filtered Water in Semenyih, Selangor
Sujith Kumar Manakandan*, Norfazillah Ab Manan, Siti Hasnah Nasarudin, Nur Fadhilah Mohd
Razib, Mohd Hasni Jaafar
HEALTH MANAGEMENT
PP32
Title: Healthcare Services Utilization and Related Social Issues among The Urban Poor
Communities in Klang Valley
Norazman Mohd Rosli, Diana Mahat*, Nurul Azwa Mohd Ismail, Mohd Ihsani Mahmood, Khairul
Rafizah Hairodin, Intan Melati Abu Bakar, Chiew Wye Lee, Vikneswaran Sabramani, Mohd Firdaus
Mohd Radi, Siti Aisah Mokhtar, Zawiah Mansor, Hadzlinda Zainal, Dalila Roslan, Muhammad Firdaus
Ujang, Rosnah Sutan
PP33
Title: Why They Left?
Nor Haniza Z, Mohd Idris O, Eliana M*, Norrina J, Nor Filzatun B
PP34
Title: Assistant Medical Officer Compulsory Placement Programme: Is It Vital?
Nursyahda Zakaria*, Girijah Nagenthiran, Nor Haniza Zakaria, Mohd Idris Omar, Zulhelmi Abdullah,
Noriah Bidin, Nor Izzah Ahmad Shauki
PP35
Title: Nursing Skills: Self Versus Supervisor Perception
Hafidza Baharum*, Noraziani Khamis, Nursyahda Zakaria, Girijah Nagenthiran, Stima Itam Hari,
Munirah Ismail, Chandramathy Khandasamy, Mohd Idris Omar, Noriah Bidin, Nor Izzah Ahmad Shauki
PAGE
78
78
PAGE
81
81
82
82
PP36
Title: A Qualitative Study in Malaysia: Factors Influencing Japanese Retirees’ Trust in Physicians
Ayako Kohno*, Nik Daliana Nik Farid, Norlaili Abdul Aziz, Maznah Dahlui, Takeo Nakayama
83
PP37
Title: Health Seeking Behavior among Orang Asli Women: Rural vs Fringe
Mohd Idris O*, Hafidza B, Eliza M, Noriah B, Rahimi H, Nursyahda Z, Nor Izzah S
84
PP38
Title: Craving For Digital Obesity
Yeong May Luu, Chew Cheng Hoon*, Faiz Daud
84
Page xxxi
PP39
Title: Economic Burden and Cost Effectiveness Analysis of Psoriasis Treatment Modalities in
Malaysian Public Hospitals
Nor Azmaniza Azizam*, Saperi Sulong, Aniza Ismail, Zafar Ahmed, Norazirah Md Nor
85
PP40
Title: Healthcare Leadership
Chiew Wye Lee*, Aniza Ismail, Ahmad Taufik Jamil
86
PP41
Title: Inverted Industry, Demoter of Health: Understanding of GMO Food
Farah Jihan* , Massitah, Faiz D
86
PP42
Title: Insincere Initiative: When Good Governance is Least Valued
Ida Dalina N , Ahmad Arif H* , Mohd Normazlan H , Faiz D
87
PP43
Title: Hospital Acquired Pneumonia: The Contributing Factor to Healthcare Cost
Nuratiqah MN*, Azimatun NA
88
HEALTH PROMOTION
PP44
Title: “Hookahs are Tasty and Fun!?” A Qualitative Study of Hookah Smoking among South
African University Students
Rachana Desai*, Brendon Barens, Priscilla Reddy
PAGE
90
PP45
Title: Wrong Health Belief: Manifestation of Erroneous Perception towards HIV
Norazilah Jamil, Norrina Jamaluddin*, Faiz Daud
90
PP46
Title: Internet Addiction among Adolescents in Kuala Lumpur and Its Associated Factors
Zaleha Md Isa*, Khalib Abd Latiff, Nur Hafizah Ahmad
91
Page xxxii
KEYNOTE ADDRESS & PLENARY
KEYNOTE ADDRESS &
PLENARY
Page 1
KEYNOTE ADDRESS
PUBLIC HEALTH RESPONSES FOR THE
WELLBEING OF AN AGEING SOCIETY
To’ Puan Dr. Safurah Jaafar
Director of Family Health Development
Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia
Population ageing, a global phenomenon, calls
for appropriate responses from all sectors,
including the health sector. This paper on the
public health responses is presented to underscore
the point that the goal goes beyond the narrower
confines of “healthy” ageing, as encompassed by
the difference between life expectancy and
healthy life expectancy. The word “well-being”
has positive connotations that not only view
healthy and productive lives in older years, but
also for older people to continue to participate in
society, actively and be respected as a resource
for society.
The definition of active ageing by WHO
underscores this positive concept – “Active
ageing is the process of optimising opportunities
for health, participation and security in order to
enhance quality of life as people age”. The paper
discusses the three main pillars in this definition,
health, security and participation. Inherent in this
definition is also the use of the life course
perspective in the understanding of noncommunicable diseases, which affect a large
proportion of older people. The life course
perspective can be used for planning
interventions, and is the basis for the concept of
“a society of all ages” that also encourages intergenerational solidarity.
There are several determinants of ageing,
and just as in the determinants of health, many are
not within the health sector, such as economic,
social, environmental and personal as well as
behavioral factors. Health service is of course a
major determinant. Cutting across these
determinants are two other determinants – gender
and culture.
In Malaysia the service for older people
is based on maintenance of WELLNESS, thus
underscoring the role of promotion and
prevention. Of the more than 900 health clinics,
about 600 have begun health care of older
persons. These clinics, under the management of
the District Health Office, are given broad
guidelines (such as training modules) from the
programme director at the Ministry of Health, but
the local manager is empowered to identify the
priority and the design/ approach for service
delivery.
It’s pivotal for the Health District and
Health Clinic to recognize the challenges to
active ageing for any health (and other)
intervention can be put in place. These include the
double burden of disease, the increased risk to
disability, feminisation of ageing, ethics and
inequities, and the economics of ageing. Thus
health care must be designed appropriately to
consider these features, and a new paradigm
needs to be forged that views older people as
resources and participating members of society.
Page 2
PLENARY 1
PUBLIC HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY
CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE WELL-BEING OF
AN AGEING SOCIETY
Professor Dr. Helen Russell Winefield
The tendency for people to live longer and have
fewer children, which results in the elderly
becoming a higher proportion of the population,
is clear in Malaysia though further advanced in
western countries. This talk will present a
psychological perspective on how wellbeing can
be promoted in an aging society. We begin by
considering the older people themselves – what is
known about the psychology of successful
ageing? While health psychology encompasses
the application of psychological knowledge to
improve both physical and mental health, public
health psychology particularly focuses on the
more systemic level of influence: preventive
education and health promotion.
This
perspective usefully widens our scope beyond the
older people themselves to society as a whole,
and will include consideration of the family
conditions, self-care habits, and official policies
which promote physical and psychological wellbeing.
Page 3
SYMPOSIUM
SYMPOSIUM
Page 4
SYMPOSIUM
SYMP 1-1
ADAPTING WORK LIFE TO CHRONIC
ILLNESS
Professor Dr. Helen Russell Winefield
The first question to be addressed is how people
with chronic illness may manage any of their
resulting functional limitations in order to stay in
employment as productive and valued workers.
The second question concerns how workplaces
can support and gain value from workers who
happen to suffer chronic health problems. While
some modifications to rosters and equipment may
be needed, a worker-friendly environment has an
important psychological dimension. Key issues
are the role of supervisors and managers and the
workers’ perceptions of being treated justly and
respectfully. A final, related issue is the
responsibility of workplaces to actively promote
the health of their workers and thus reduce the
incidence or severity of chronic and
noncommunicable health problems in their
workforce. The evidence for the effectiveness of
workplace interventions is patchy, due largely to
weak methodological designs, so some
recommendations for future occupational health
psychology research will be summarised.
SYMP 1-2
WORK AND WELL-BEING IN AN AGING
SOCIETY-THE BASF EXPERIENCE
Jefferelli SB1*, Trauth B2
1. Occupational
Medicine
and
Health
Protection, Environment Health and Safety,
BASF Asia Pacific Service Centre Sdn. Bhd.,
Malaysia
2. Occupational
Medicine
and
Health
Protection, BASF SE, Germany
BASF is a multinational chemical company based
in Ludwigshafen, Germany with more than
112,000 employees globally. The aging
population poses challenges to organizations
globally, including BASF. Proactive measures
need to be taken to better manage the impact of
an aging workforce.
Although mitigation is possible, health risk
naturally increases with age. Effects of an aging
workforce include increase in Body Mass Index
(BMI), chronic disease, sick leave, medical costs
and decrease in work ability. Aging generally
results in reduced strength and stamina and there
are some tasks that inherently require physical
strength and stamina. This naturally has an
impact on companies, as there are limitations in
job modification and re-designation, and
mechanization.
To maintain competitiveness, in addition to
meeting the requirements of the diverse national
regulations and health systems, there is a need for
companies to customize corporate health
programs according to the local circumstances.
Among the measures taken by BASF to address
the effects are health promotion campaigns,
general health checks, targeted intervention
programs,
treatment
optimization,
job
modification and ergonomics improvement.
SYMP 1-3
SOCIAL
SECURITY:
ISSUES,
CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS IN
AGEING WORKERS
Mr. John Riba Marin
Deputy Chief Executive (Operations), Social
Security Organization (SOCSO)
The Social Security Organization (SOCSO) is
the statutory body in the country that provides
social security protection for occupational injury
and diseases, invalidity or death for more than 6.3
million workers in Malaysia. The pattern of
Page 5
SYMPOSIUM
injury and diseases compensated by the
organization had shown reciprocal changes with
the changing demographics of the working
population in the country. SOCSO statistics had
shown that despite injuries among the aging
workers continues in the same proportion as it
was in the previous decade, the proportion of the
aging workers who are impacted by illness
especially non-communicable diseases had
increased remarkably. In the year 2015,
employees above the age of 40 years old
comprises 31% of the total insured person, but
made up 41% of the total reported occupational
accidents, 47% of occupational death,
85% of invalidity and 75% of non-occupational
death during employment age. The impact of
non-communicable diseases (NCDs) was also
staggering, where 84% of the 15,173 cases of
invalidity and death due to NCDs in the year 2015
were among the above 40 year olds and above.
SOCSO meets the challenge of the
demographic shift through an enhance effort in
the prevention of accident, diseases and
morbidity initiatives. Within its strategic
planning, SOCSO embark in a multiple
strategic approaches in managing occupational
and commuting accidents, health promotion
and disability management. This paper will
highlight some of the challenges faced and
SOCSO's initiatives in meeting up new issues,
challenges and prospects in aging workers.
SYMP 2-1
BUILDING
BRIDGES
BETWEEN
HOSPITAL
AND
HOME
- SAFE,
COMPETENT AND COST EFFECTIVE
HOME NURSING
Mr. Asok Nair
An introduction to Nurses At Home:
Nurses At Home (NAH) is the largest nursing
provider in the country serving all major private
and public hospitals in Klang Valley and Penang
Island including Gleneagles Medical Centre,
Pantai Hospital KL, Sime Darby Medical Centre
and PPUM, HKL etc. We carry Professional
Indemnity Insurance to protect patients and
referring doctors and hospitals against
any malpractice litigation. We are also the
ONLY accredited Nursing Provider in Malaysia
with ISO 9002:2008 accreditation since 2009.
NAH is recipient of the Malaysia’s Home
Healthcare Company of The Year 2015 awarded
by Frost and Sullivan’s Malaysia Excellence
Awards 2015.
NAH competencies and capabilities:
NAH is in its 11th year of operation. We currently
are 50+ Registered Nurses and Care givers
strong, within the Klang Valley and Penang. We
are capable of delivering any and all kinds of
nursing procedures from simple ADL to caring
for patients with multiple and complex nursing
procedures such TPN patients, Ventilator
patients and patients on IV, all in the home
environment. With our ISO protocols and
competent staff, we have delivered the above
SAFELY and with good outcomes over the last
11 years and hence our clientele includes the top
private and public hospitals who refer patients
who require any nursing care at home specifically
to us.
Summary:
Holistic Public Health Care cannot be achieved
without competent and safe Home HealthCare. In
developed healthcare systems Home Health care
plays a major role. In Malaysia this sub-sector is
under developed structurally, legally and from a
healthcare funding perspective. Nurses At Home
is used as a working model to review issues of
Safety, Competence and Relevance of home
based care systems.
Page 6
SYMPOSIUM
SYMP 3-2
MATHEMATICAL
MODELLING
OF
INFECTIOUS DISEASE EPIDEMIOLOGY:
UNDERSTANDING ITS ROLES IN PUBLIC
HEALTH
and also to non-mathematical audience such as
health planners and policy-makers to make
modelling more amenable and applicable to the
needs of public health planning and decision
making.
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Wan Mohd Zahiruddin Wan
Mohammad
School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains
Malaysia (USM)
SYMP 3-3
THE ANALYSIS OF SEROPREVALENCE
STUDY USING MIXTURE MODEL
Mathematical modelling has become a viable
approach to evaluate the impact of public health
intervention strategies and suggest the optimal
course of action in the ongoing fight against
persistent and emerging infectious diseases.
Applications include predicting the impact of
vaccination strategies against common infection,
determining optimal control and elimination
strategies against major globally important
communicable diseases such as TB and HIV and
also for better understanding the spread of major
outbreak like Ebola recently. Mathematical
modelling also provides an invaluable tool for
making assumptions explicit, highlighting key
factors determining policy needs, and providing
quantitative predictions for the effectiveness and
cost-effectiveness of disease control policies.
Apart from bringing the modelling world closer
to those working in infectious diseases or public
health, there is much greater need than ever for
effective communication between modelers such
as experts in mathematics and epidemiologists
Dr. Nazarudin Safian
Department of Community Health, Faculty of
Medicine, Chancellor Tuanku Muhriz Hospital,
Seroprevalence survey is one of the important
component of disease surveillance because it
provides
information
regarding
disease
transmission intensity. Findings from the study
may help public health officers to evaluate the
impact of control programmes especially
vaccination. Traditionally, fixed cut-offs are used
to discriminate between that proportion of the
population who have been exposed and those who
have not. This cut-offs method is prone to
misclassification biases as it is often difficult to
distinguish between negative samples and those
with low levels of specific antibody. Mixture
models provide an alternative method for the
analysis of the distribution of antibody data. This
presentation will highlight several studies that
were analysed using mixture model and
demonstrate the application of the method on a
dengue seroprevalence study.
Page 7
SYMPOSIUM
SYMP 4-1
EXERCISE PRESCRIPTION FOR OLDER
ADULT
Dr. Ahmad Taufik Jamil
Exercise is known to prevent many chronic
diseases. A combination of aerobic physical
activity, strength training, and flexibility
exercises, are able to reduce medication
dependence
and
maintaining
functional
independence and improving quality of life in
older adults. However, full benefit of exercise do
not received by patients due to inappropriate
instruction. Exercise is also a treatment for
chronic diseases if it is prescribed effectively
according to recommendation, on frequency,
intensity, type, time, and progression of exercise.
Appropriate medical screening and risk
classification is also important for older adult,
before they engage in any physical activity. This
is important to detect any medical condition and
to ensure safety during exercise. To ensure
change in their lifestyle and behavior, require
motivational strategies including exercise
instruction, goal-setting, self-monitoring, and
social support.
SYMP 5-1
INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL SUPPORT ON
COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT
Population growth in Malaysia is declining and
the ageing population increasing. Because of
improved health, longer life expectancy and low
mortality, the proportion of the population aged
65 years and above is increasing but due to
declining fertility the proportion of the population
below the age of 15 is decreasing resulting in an
ageing population trend.
In the elderly, cognitive functioning is
important for independence and for better quality
of life. Ageing, however, is associated with the
deterioration of cognitive function, especially in
relation to learning and memory. It is estimated
that the prevalence of cognitive decline doubles
every five years. Maintaining social engagement
and networks has been shown to prevent or
postpone cognitive decline and larger social
networks and increased social support have been
shown to be associated with higher cognitive
function. Social support is important for both the
physical and mental well-being of the elderly.
Lack of social support can be a direct or an
indirect risk factor in long-term negative effect on
health especially mental health.
In Malaysia, the elderly are revered as sources of
wisdom and care, however, as a result of
urbanization caused by the migration of the youth
from rural to urban areas, most elderly are now
living on their own. This could potentially lead to
poor social support and reduced social
interactions which may result in negative
consequences to the physical and mental wellbeing of the elderly.
Professor Dr. Abdul Rashid Khan Md Jagar Din
Deputy Dean Postgraduate Affairs &
International Relations, Penang Medical
College, Malaysia
Page 8
SYMPOSIUM
SYMP 5-2
THE
VOICES
GENERATION IN
MALAYSIA
OF
SANDWICH
KLANG VALLEY,
Assoc. Prof. DR. Rahmah Mohd Amin
Public Health Consultant and Gerontologist,
Faculty of Medicine, UniSZA, Kuala Terengganu
Caring for both elderly parents and own children
is not a new phenomenon. However with the
inevitable ageing of the population, sandwich
generation is increasing globally. When one has
to handle both types of caregiving he or she is
considered as a sandwich generation. This
phenomenon is associated with factors such as
increase life expectancy and delayed parenting. In
the United States of America, in 2012 it was
reported that 47 percent of adults in their 40s and
50s have a parent age 65 or older and are either
raising a young child or financially supporting a
grown child (18 years old or older). This paper
will share some of the issues found in a
qualitative exploration study carried out among
sandwich generation in Klang valley. Issues such
as perception on family economic burden, coping
strategy on economic issue, financial
management, other sources of financial and,
personality of caregivers are highlighted.
Hopefully these findings will open up our mind
and made us more aware on the issue of such
group of population in our community.
Keyword: elderly, caregivers, sandwich
generation
SYMP 5-3
ELDERLY IN-SERVICE PERSPECTIVE
Dr. Norhana Yazid
Ageing is usually related to decline and losses of
various
kinds.
Elderly
must
remain
physiologically and cognitively healthy in in
order to continue their services. The most
promising avenue of intervention now lie in
prevention. However other perspectives which
are currently the principle domains of interest
includes nutrition, physical activities, social
interaction and cognitive activities.
Page 9
ORAL PRESENTATION: EPIDEMIOLOGY / STATISTICS (1)
ORAL PRESENTATION
Epidemiology / Statistics (1)
Page 10
Noor Hassim Ismail, Rosnah Ismail, Norazman
Mohd Rosli*, Diana Mahat, Khairul Hazdi
Yusof
Conclusion: Contradict to previous findings,
people in rural area generally have higher
cardiovascular risk factors compared to urban
residents. The rural population should be
considered targets for focused preventive
interventions, but with due consideration of the
socioeconomic and cultural context.
Keywords: Cardiovascular risk factors, rural
population, Malaysian adult
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical
Centre, Malaysia
OPA2
ULTRASONOGRAPHY:
CROSS
SECTIONAL AREA OF MEDIAN NERVE
IN CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME
*For any correspondence:
[email protected]
Othman N1*, Sridharan R2, Nawi A3, Faiz D3,
Remli R1
OPA1
RISK OF CARDIOVASCULAR EVENT
AMONG
MALAYSIAN:
NOT
A
PREDOMINANTLY URBAN PROBLEM
ANYMORE
Introduction: Cardiovascular disease (CVD)
cause significant burden to the world. Similarly,
in Malaysia the mortality of CVD account for
36% of total death. This study aims to determine
the cardiovascular risk assessment between
urban and rural population among Malaysian
adult.
Methods: This article is part of Prospective
Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study based
on initial database from June 2008 until
December 2009. Data on sociodemographic and
risk factors associated with CVD were
extracted. Cardiovascular risk was measure
using the INTERHEART risk score which
comprised of eleven risk factors i.e. age and
gender, family history of heart attack, smoking
status, exposure to second hand smoke, diabetes
mellitus, hypertension status, waist hip ratio
(WHR), self-reported stress, depression, dietary
habits and physical activity status.
Results: Residents from rural area were
generally older, had lower educational status,
higher prevalence of smokers, obesity,
hypertension, diabetes, consumers of healthy
diet and more likely to be depressed. In
comparison, urbanites had lower physical
activities and more likely to be stressful. Mean
INTERHEART score among rural residents
were higher, especially for male in comparison
to urbanite (11.5 ±5.83 vs. 10.01 ±5.74,
p<0.001). Household devices ownership has no
association with cardiovascular risk factors.
1. Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty
of Medicine, Chancellor Tuanku Muhriz
Hospital, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Medical Centre, Malaysia
2. Department of Radiology, Faculty of
Medicine, Chancellor Tuanku Muhriz
3. Department of Community Health, Faculty
[email protected]
Introduction: Ultrasonography has emerged as
an important diagnostic investigation for Carpal
Tunnel syndrome (CTS). Cross sectional area
(CSA) of median nerve at carpal tunnel inlet and
outlet were enlarged in carpal tunnel syndrome.
The objectives are to determine the CSA of the
median nerve in probable CTS patient (case)
and compared with control; and to correlate
with Nerve Conduction Study (NCS),
symptoms and functional severity.
Methods: A total of 27 cases and 26 controls
were recruited for this study. Both hands were
assessed with 54 hands of cases and 52 hands of
control. All subjects were interviewed using
Boston Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Questionnaire
(BCTQ). Phalen Test, Tinel Test and NCS were
Page 11
performed. Ultrasound of wrist measured CSA
of median nerve at carpal tunnel inlet and outlet.
Results: Mean CSA of median nerve at the
carpal tunnel inlet was 0.127 ± 0.03 cm2 in case
and 0.08 ± 0.03 cm2 in control (p<0.001); and
at the carpal tunnel outlet was 0.109 ± 0.03 cm2
in case and 0.08 ± 0.02 cm2 in control
(p<0.001). The area cut off for CSA of median
nerve at the carpal tunnel inlet was 0.10cm2
(77% sensitivity, 82.7% specificity); and at the
carpal tunnel outlet was 0.10cm2 (68.5%
sensitivity, 86.5% specificity). There was
significant correlation between CSA median
nerve at the carpal tunnel inlet with NCS.
However, there was no significant correlation
between CSA of median nerve with symptoms
and functional severity.
Conclusions: Ultrasonography is a reliable tool
that can be used as a complimentary diagnostic
modality in CTS with good correlation with
neurophysiological study.
Keywords: Carpal tunnel syndrome, cross
sectional area of median nerve, nerve
conduction study
OPA3
“TRADITIONAL FACTORS” AND RISK
OF
ISCHEMIC
HEART
DISEASE
AMONG WOMEN IN TERENGGANU
Norafidah AR1*, Azmawati MN1, Balkis AK2,
Hasnan A2, Mohd J2, Mohd Sapawi M3,
Shamsuddin K1
2. Terengganu State Health Department,
Terengganu, Malaysia
3. Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab II, Kota
Bharu Kelantan, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is
a leading cause of mortality among both men
and women worldwide but scarce attention is
given to women compared to men. The
objective of this study is to explore the
“traditional” or frequently studied family and
personal medical and behavioral risk factors of
IHD among women in Terengganu.
Methods: The determination of risk factors was
through a case control study conducted among
142 newly diagnosed IHD female patients
registered in all government hospitals aged
between 30-65 years old. Cases were frequency
matched with 142 population controls from
similar age group. Data was collected through
face to face interview as well as through selfadministered inventories of self-developed and
adapted questionnaires (IPAQ-M for physical
activity, Short Fat Questionnaire, GHQ-12,
GATS for ETS), physical examination and
extraction of information from records.
Results: Results showed that the respondents
were mainly Malays and comparable in age
(mean age of cases and controls of 52.56
(sd=8.65) and 52.27 (sd=8.96) respectively).
Multiple logistic regression analysis showed
that women with history of Diabetes Mellitus
(OR=1.92, 95% confidence interval (CI) =1.113.31), family history of IHD (OR=1.92,
95%CI=1.13-3.26)
and
exposure
to
environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) (OR=2.99,
95%CI=1.81-4.94) had higher odds of getting
IHD compared to women with no such histories.
Women with low HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C)
also had higher odds of IHD than those with
high HDL-C (OR=3.30, 95% CI=1.28-8.27).
Conclusions: The findings among the
predominantly Malay women in Trengganu
concurred with many of the known risk factors
of IHD, and more significant associations are
likely with a bigger study. The implication is
that application of intervention models targeted
to the known risk factors may be useful in
preventing IHD among our local women.
Keywords: Ischemic heart disease, women,
case control, traditional risk
Page 12
OPA4
TRADITIONAL
AND
COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE USE IN
KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS AND ITS
ASSOCIATED
FACTORS
AMONG
PATIENTS IN HOSPITAL UNIVERSITI
SAINS MALAYSIA
Nik
Abdul
Hafiz
nik
Shafii,
Lili
HusniatiYaacob*, Azidah Abdul Kadir, Azlina
Ishak
Department of Family medicine, Universiti
Sains Malaysia, Malaysia
*For any correspondence: [email protected]
Introduction: Osteoarthritis is the commonest
arthritis worldwide especially in elderly. It
ranks among the top ten causes of disability
worldwide. The goals of current management
are mainly to educate patient, alleviate pain,
improved function and overall quality of life.
Since the current treatment of osteoarthritis
does not provide definite cure, some patients
opted for traditional and complementary
medicine. Some of them use it alone however
most of the patient combine both the
conventional and traditional complementary
medicine. The objectives are to determine the
proportion of traditional and complementary
medicine (TCM) uses for knee osteoarthritis
and its associated factors among patient
attended HUSM outpatient clinic
Methods: This study is a cross sectional study
involving 214 numbers
of
patients.
Convenience sampling method was applied to
selected participants who attended outpatient
clinic in HUSM from May 2013 to October
2013.
Participants
were
given
sociodemographic questionnaire and validated
Bahasa Malaysia version of Western Ontario
and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index
(WOMAC). This questionnaire was used to
assess the severity of knee osteoarthritis in term
of pain, stiffness and disturbances in daily
activity. The data was analyzed using the
descriptive statistic and multiple logistic
regressions.
Results: This study showed that the proportion
of TCM use for knee Osteoarthritis was 57.9%.
Factors associated with TCM use in this study
population was male (OR; 2.47, 95% CI: 1.28,
4.77), duration of knee Osteoarthritis (OR; 1.51,
95% CI: 1.03, 2.23) and severity of knee pain
(OR; 2.57, 95% CI: 1.71, 3.86).
Conclusion: The proportion of TCM use for
knee Osteoarthritis in this population study was
high. The high use of TCM should urge
clinicians to further explore this topic,
particularly among patient with chronic disease.
Keywords: Traditional and complementary
medicine (TCM), knee osteoarthritis, patient
with chronic disease
OPA5
STUDY OF SPATIAL DISTRIBUTIONS
AND ASSOCIATION BETWEEN AEDES
INDICES AND DENGUE OUTBREAKS IN
KOTA TINGGI, JOHOR IN 2015
Norzaher Ismail* , Shamsul Azhar Shah,
Nazarudin Safian
Centre, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Dengue fever, the most known
vector-borne disease in the tropical and
subtropical regions has become major public
health concern worldwide. Rapid urbanization,
increased population movement and poor public
hygienic lifestyle contributed to the proliferated
of high incidence of dengue fever in urban and
semi urban areas. With the increasing trend of
dengue cases and deaths, methods of dengue
surveillance should be reevaluated.
Methods: This study aimed to determine
association between Aedes Index and Breteau
Index with dengue outbreak and to establish
spatial distributions of dengue cases and
outbreaks in the district of Kota Tinggi, Johor.
Total of 593 dengue cases in 2015 collected
from Kota Tinggi Health Office.
Results: The study found that although there
were significant association between Aedes
Page 13
Index and Breteau Index with localities (p<
0.001), the Aedes Index sensitivity level of
29.3%, specificity level of 44.2% and Breteau
Index of 12% sensitivity and 81.5% specificity
showed that the indices were not the most
accurate and sensitive as the tools of dengue
surveillance in determining dengue outbreak.
Conclusion: GIS analysis showed that there
were clustered occurrence of dengue cases and
outbreaks in the localities with significant
increase of dengue cases and outbreaks from
July till December.
Keywords: Dengue outbreak, Aedes Index,
Breteau Index, spatial analysis
OPA6
CHANGES IN DENGUE INCIDENCE AND
MASS PEOPLE MOVEMENT DURING
EIDS CELEBRATION IN KLANG
VALLEY AND KELANTAN STATE
Chew Cheng Hoon1*, Cheah Wee Kooi2, Chew
Chun Keat3, Tassha Hilda Adnan4, Hor Chee
Peng5, Rose Nani Mudin6, Goh Pik Pin4, Noor
Hassim Ismail1, Shamsul Azhar Shah1
2. Taiping Hospital, Malaysia
3. Clinical Trial Unit, Ampang Hospital,
Malaysia
4. National Clinical Research Centre,
Malaysia
5. Kepala Batas Hospital, Malaysia
6. Vector Borne Disease Sector, Ministry of
Health, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Dengue infection is an important
public health issue. In 2014, we observed that
dengue incidence in Kelantan had surpassed
that of Klang Valley around the period of Eids
celebration. This study aimed to explore the
characteristics
associated with dengue
incidence in both regions and to describe the
changes of dengue incidence during Eids
celebration.
Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study
using eDengue database. All dengue cases from
Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, Putrajaya and
Kelantan reported in 2014 were extracted for
analysis.
Results: The incidence rate in Klang Valley and
Kelantan were 80.5 and 85.4 per 100,000
populations, respectively. Dengue incidence in
Klang Valley was higher than Kelantan between
epiweek 1-31. However, the cases rose after
epiweek 27, reached a peak by epiweek 32,
before a decline in Kelantan. The significant
differences were showed during EC (epiweek
32-35) in Kelantan (MA=1135.75; t=432.25;
p<0.01). Kelantan has 95.8% of Malay ethnic
compare to 54.1% in Klang Valley. The mean
age in Klang Valley and Kelantan were similar,
28 (SD=15.2) and 28 (SD=16.6) respectively
with predominantly male. Total of 62.7%
patients in KV received inpatient treatment
especially the not working population,
[X2(2,n=61470)=310.47, p<0.001] while in
Kelantan, 65% received outpatient treatment,
mainly
male,
[X2(2,n=14456)=19.06,
p<0.001],
staying
in
urban
area,
[X2(2,n=14456)=220.49, p<0.001] and not
working population [X2(2,n=14456)=15.46,
p<0.001]. The significant predictors of dengue
mortality were age and organ failure in Klang
Valley and nausea and vomiting in Kelantan.
Conclusion: Mass people movement is
postulated as one of the contributing factors to
changes in dengue incidences between Kelantan
and Klang Valley during Eids celebration.
Keywords: Dengue, incidence, people
movement, public health
Page 14
OPA7
PREVALENCE
OF
TREATMENT
SUCCESS
FOR
TUBERCULOSIS
PATIENT AND ITS CONTRIBUTING
FACTORS IN HULU LANGAT
Siti Nor Mat1*, Aniza Ismail1, Mohd Hanif
Zailani2
2. Hulu Langat Health District, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: The purpose of this study was to
determine the prevalence of treatment success
for Tuberculosis (TB) patient and their
contributing factors among patient age 15 years
an above.
Methods: A cross-sectional study of patient
registered in the 2014 Malaysian National TB
Surveillance Database of Hulu Langat Health
District. Sociodemographic and disease profile
were analysed.
Results: In total, 1060 patients were registered
and only 1013 were eligible. The mean age was
40.12±16.07 years and one fifth (19.6%) were
non-Malaysians. The prevalence rate for
successful TB outcome was 64.9%. Bivariate
analysis showed various significant factors
associated with treatment success such as
gender, education level, ethnicity, place of
treatment, smoking status, TB category, receive
direct observe treatments (DOTs) and DOTs
supervision. Nonetheless, multivariate analysis
showed only Malay ethnic, patient who did not
smoke, newly diagnosed TB and patients who
received DOTs were the significant predictors
for TB treatment success.
Conclusion: More than one third of TB patients
end up with not-successful TB treatment.
Patients who receive DOTs had higher
treatment success rate. Therefore continuing
DOTs programme and strengthening the
intervention strategies should be prioritised by
the National TB Programme.
Keywords: Treatment success, risk factors,
tuberculosis
Page 15
ORAL PRESENTATION: FAMILY HEALTH / NUTRITION / SOCIAL WORK (1)
ORAL PRESENTATION
Family Health / Nutrition / Social Work (1)
Page 16
OPB1
PREDICTING
RISKS
OF
OSTEOPOROTIC FRACTURES AMONG
ELDERLY VISITING OUTPATIENT
DEPARTMENT IN KULIM HOSPITAL
Selvanaayagam Shanmuganathan1,2*, Abdul
Rashid Khan2, Premnath Nagalingam2
1. Kulim Hospital, Malaysia
2. Penang Medical College, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Osteoporosis is a skeletal
disorder characterized by compromised bone
strength predisposing a person to an increase
risk of fracture, morbidity and mortality. The
study objective is to determine the risk of
osteoporotic fracture among elderly visiting
outpatient department in Kulim Hospital using
Qfracture algorithm.
Methods: A cross sectional study was
conducted among 214 elderly patients visiting
the outpatient clinic of Obstetrics and
Gynaecology, Surgery, General Medicine,
Ophthalmology and Orthopaedic in Kulim
Hospital from November 2015 to January 2016
via systematic random sampling. Participants
were required to answer questions on sociodemographic characteristics, anthropometric
data and risk factors for osteoporotic fractures
using Qfracture algorithm. Qfracture scores
were obtained using web calculator for the 10
year predicted risk of fracture for major
osteoporotic and hip fracture. Data was
analysed using Pearson’s chi square and
regression analysis using STATA version 13.
Results: More than half of the patients,
116(54.2%) were male. Majority were between
60-69 years of age, 118 (55.1%). Ethnicity
showed highest in Malay, 107 (50.0%) followed
by Indian 62 (29.0%) and Chinese 45 (21.0%).
Of the 214 participants, 93 (43.5%) were at risk
of developing major osteoporotic fracture.
Significant association for 10 year predicted
risk for osteoporotic fracture were observed in
age (p<0.001), body mass index (p<0.001),
smoking behaviour (p<0.001), parental history
of osteoporosis (p<0.001), history of previous
fracture (p=0.018), cardiovascular disease
(p=0.003) and other risk factors (p<0.001). The
median 10 year predicted risk for osteoporotic
fracture increases as age increases but female
has a higher risk compared to male based on a
larger median in every age categories.
Conclusion: The study shows fracture risk
assessment tool is important to predict risk of
developing fracture among elderly and thus,
take measures to mitigate these risks. Fracture
risk predictions have its own limitations, but
with better understanding of these tools, they
will be a valuable asset to complement with
clinical judgement and treatment of
osteoporotic fractures.
Keywords: Ageing, elderly, osteoporotic
fracture, Qfracture, risk factors
OPB2
ASSOCIATED
FACTORS
FOR
UNEXPECTED MATERNAL DELIVERY
OUTCOMES AMONG HIGH RISK
PREGNANT MOTHERS IN PASIR
PUTEH, KELANTAN IN 2015
Hafizuddin Awang*, Zawiyah Dollah, Hazlina
Ishak, Noreliya Ali
Pasir Puteh District Health Office, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Each year 210 million women
around the world become pregnant and a
significant number of them had to undergo
emergency low section Caesarian section
(EMLSCS). Hence, associated factors for its
prevalence need to be determined to revamp our
healthcare services. This study was aimed to
identify the association of socio-demographic
characteristics and maternal factors with
unexpected delivery outcome (EMLSCS)
among high risk pregnant mothers in Pasir
Puteh in 2015.
Methods: All registered cases of high risk
pregnant mothers that fulfilled the inclusion and
exclusion criteria from 1st of January 2015 to
31st of December 2015 were included in the
study. Descriptive statistics, simple and
Page 17
multiple logistic regressions were used for data
analysis.
Results: A total of 296 patients were enrolled,
with mean (standard deviation) age of 29 (6)
years and majority of patients did their antenatal
booking in 1st trimester (60.5%). Majority were
housewife (55.1%). By color coding, 82.4% of
patients were green coded, 16.6% were yellow
coded and 1% were red coded. Among the
maternal factors are diabetic (4.4%),
hypertensive disorder in pregnancy (1.7%),
anemia (15.9%), unsure of date (8.1%), poor
spacing (16.4%), teenage pregnancy (4.1%) and
current medical illness (9.8%). For the delivery
outcomes, 7.8% underwent EMLSCS while
92.2% underwent SVD/ELLSCS delivery.
Patients with hypertensive disorder in
pregnancy [AOR 15.71; 95% CI: 2.29,107.59; p
value = 0.005], and patients with red color
coding [AOR 38.01; 95% CI: 3.22,448.37; p
value = 0.004] were the significant associated
factor for unexpected maternal delivery
outcome (EMLSCS) when other variables were
controlled.
Conclusion: Patients with hypertensive
disorder in pregnancy and those with red color
coding must be given proper and meticulous
antenatal care as these factors pose a significant
risk for unexpected maternal delivery outcome.
Keywords: Caesarean, hypertension, color
coding, EMLSCS
OPB3
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MOLTA-P
PROGRAMME
IN
IMPROVING
PERFORMANCE
OF
UPPER
EXTREMITY FUNCTION IN CHILDREN
WITH CEREBRAL PALSY
Nur
Zaidah
Zulkapli1*,
Sazlina
1
Kamaralzaman , Nur Zakiah Mohd. Saat2
1. Occupational Therapy Programme, School
of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of
Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan
Malaysia, Malaysia
2. Biomedical Science Programme, School of
Diagnostic and Applied Health Sciences,
Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti
Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Motor impairments of trunk and
limb in children with cerebral palsy (CWCP)
can affect postural control. These restrict the
CWCP’s upper extremity function and
subsequently limit their performance when
carrying out activities. Thus, these factors lead
to the development of MOLTA-P Programme
TM. It is a programme consists of activity
module and adaptive seating or corrected
positioning. Hence, this research was conducted
to investigate the effectiveness of MOLTA-P
Programme TM in improving performance of
upper extremity function in CWCP.
Methods: Study methodology comprised of a
single subject design and were conducted for 12
weeks. The Quality of Upper Extremity Skills
Test (QUEST) were administered among 11
toddlers and school-age CWCP (ages 2.5-8
years, mean 4.27) to identify the CWCP’s
Dissociated movements and Grasp performance
before, during and after the MOLTA-P
Programme TM. While Canadian Occupational
Performance Measure (COPM) was used to
assess the parents’/caregivers’ level of
satisfaction on the CWCP’s daily living
activities performance at the subject’s home or
rehabilitation centre.
Results: Results showed that there were
significant changes on Dissociated movements
and Grasp performance of the subjects (p<0.05)
and significant changes on parents/ caregivers
satisfaction level on the subjects’ performance
on activities of daily living (p<0.01) during the
programme compared to baseline.
Conclusion: Findings imply that MOLTA-P
Programme TM was effective for CWCP in
improving performance of upper extremity
function. MOLTA-P Programme TM should be
recommended as part of home programme and
early intervention programme as engagement
with activities and play may enhance their
quality of life.
Keywords: Children with cerebral palsy
(CWCP), MOLTA-P Programme TM,
performance
Page 18
Yeong May Luu*, Rosnah Sutan
head circumference of Malaysian infant by
gestational age and to investigate the possible
cause of increasing microcephaly. Studies with
in-depth exploration on other predictors of head
circumference are necessary.
Keywords: Microcephaly, head circumference,
growth chart
Centre, Malaysia
OPB5
ATTITUDES TOWARDS AGEING AND
PERCEIVED HEALTH STATUS AMONG
THE ELDERLY IN MALAYSIA
[email protected]
Noor'ain Mohamad Yunus*, Noor Hazilah
Abdul Manaf, Azura Omar, Nurita Juhdi
Introduction: The aim of this study is to
determine the trend of head circumference and
predictors of microcephaly among infant born
in UKMMC from 2011 to 2015.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that
used secondary data from the electronic birth
census. Independent variables were mothers’
age, height and parity and infants’ birth weight
and length. All term infant, both live and
stillbirths; from 37 to 42 gestational weeks with
birth weight at least 0.5kg were sampled from
the census.
Results: Total of 26,503 infants fulfilled the
inclusion criteria (13,655 male, 12,840 female).
Mean head circumferences for male and female
infants were 32.93cm (SD 1.32) and 32.56cm
(SD 1.31). Head circumference for Malaysian
infants was found to be smaller than World
Health Organization Standard Growth Chart for
Term Infant. Besides, an increasing trend of
microcephaly was observed, consisted of
average 17.6% total births (n=4,669). Among
them, 73.2% (n=3,419) were non-proportionate
microcephaly with normal birth weight of 2.5kg
and above. Bivariate analyses showed that all
independent variables were significant
predictors of microcephaly. Both simple and
multiple logistic regressions demonstrated low
birth weight was the most significant predictors
for microcephaly (adjusted OR 12.14, 95%Cl
10.80, 13.65).
Conclusion: It is essential to establish local
head circumference reference for better
identification of microcephaly incidence. More
studies are needed to determine latest trend of
Department of Business Administration,
Kulliyah of Economics and Management
Sciences, International Islamic University
Malaysia, Malaysia
OPB4
TREND
AND
PREDICTORS
OF
MICROCEPHALY AMONG INFANT IN
UNIVERSITI KEBANGSAAN MALAYSIA
MEDICAL CENTRE, 2011 TO 2015
[email protected]
With increasing number of the older people
globally, it is essential to build knowledge of
how older people view their own ageing,
considering their health related situations.
However, limited attention has been given to
attitudes towards ageing particularly in
Malaysia. The purpose of this study is to
examine the relationship between attitudes
towards ageing and perceived health status in
adults aged 60 years and above. This study is
primarily conducted as a survey design among
the elderly patients who are 60 years old and
above who are using the services at public
hospitals in Peninsular Malaysia. The attitudes
towards ageing questionnaire was used to
measure participants’ perception of ageing
while perceived health status was measured
using questions from Study of Global Ageing
and Adult Health (SAGE) developed by World
Health Organization (WHO). All items in both
questionnaires were measured on a 5-point
Likert scale. Statistical analysis involved
correlation and multiple regressions. The
findings reveal that positive attitude to ageing
were associated with health status in older
adults. The research contributes to greater
understanding of the attitudes of the elderly
Page 19
towards ageing and their perceived health
status. Understanding these associations may
help healthcare providers and policy makers
consider strategies to enhance the quality of life
of the elderly.
Keywords: Study of Global Ageing and Adult
Health (SAGE), attitudes of the elderly, ageing,
perceived health status
OPB6
ADOLESCENTS PERCEPTIONS OF THE
‘SUBSTANCE USE VIOLENCE NEXUS : A
SOUTH AFRICAN PERSPECTIVE
Gadija Khan1,2*, Shazly Savahl1, Serena
Isaacs1
1. Department of Psychology, University of
the Western Cape, South Africa
2. Population Health, Health Systems and
Innovation (PHHSI), Human Sciences
Research Council, South Africa
Introduction: In South Africa substance use is
strongly associated with violent manifestations.
Exposure to violence and substance use pose
negative health, social and behavioural threats
to adolescents as it undermines their well-being.
Given the effects of exposure to violence and
substance use on adolescents, the aim of the
study was to explore adolescents’ perceptions of
substance use as a contributing factor to
community violence by employing a conceptual
framework proposed by Goldstein.
Methods: A qualitative methodological
framework was employed; participants were
purposively selected from a high school within
the Cape Flats. Data were collected from a
sample of adolescents between (aged 15-16
years) by means of Focus Group Discussions.
Theoretical thematic analysis was used to
analyse the data generated. Four themes were
identified namely: the dynamics of community
violence, perceptions of the pharmacological
influence of substances and violent behaviour,
satisfying their needs: substance users’
criminality, and substance distribution and
violent patterns of interaction.
Results: The findings indicate that participants
have insight into the occurrences of community
violence and substance use. They highlighted
that intoxication may result in changes in
behaviour and psychological processes, hence
an increasing aggression and violence.
Participants believed that substance users
frequently commit property and violent
interpersonal crimes to obtain substances and
maintain their habit. Findings also show that
violence stems from gang involvement and
sharing drug-trafficking markets. The research
offers a perspective of adolescents within a
Cape Flats community and their understanding
of the ‘substance-use-violence’ nexus.
Conclusion: The research hopes to contribute
to existing literature that may inform prevention
and intervention strategies for both violence
exposure and substance use to create safer
living and community spaces for adolescents.
Keywords: Exposure to violence, substance
use, adolescents
OPB7
FOOD
SECURITY
STATUS
AND
RELATED
FACTORS
OF
UNDERGRADUATE
STUDENTS
RECEIVING FINANCIAL AID AT A
SOUTH AFRICAN UNIVERSITY
Frederick Veldman1,
Nophiwe Job2*
Susanna
Kassier1,
1. Discipline of Dietetics & Human Nutrition,
University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
2. Population Health, Health Systems &
Innovation. Human Sciences Research
Council (HSRC), South Africa
Introduction:Food insecurity undermines the
primary function of higher education, which
aims to improve human and social capital, thus
improving the socio-economic status of people.
A substantial increase in student enrolments has
been experienced by South African universities
in the past decade. The main reason for student
drop-outs was financial as opposed to academic
difficulties.
Page 20
Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive survey
assessing the food security status and related
factors of students on financial aid. A sample of
268 students on financial aid. A selfadministered questionnaire consisting of
anthropometric status and socio-demographic
information, food frequency questionnaire,
household food insecurity access scale,
nutrition knowledge questionnaire (NKQ) and
combined performance index scores.
Results: The mean BMI of the study sample
was 24.4 ± 4.7 kg/m2. A fifth (21.4%) of the
sample was overweight and a tenth (12.4%) was
obese. An increase in BMI was associated with
an increase in food insecurity. The foods
consumed ‘more than once a day’, included the
starch group, fats and coffee and tea. Just over
half (53.0%) of the sample received no
additional allowance apart from financial aid.
The majority (82.4%) of the sample spent most
of their money on food. Over a third (34.7%) of
the sample was food insecure with another third
(33.6 %) being at risk of food insecurity, a tenth
(9.7%) severely food insecure and a fifth (22%)
was food secure. Food insecure students had a
lower mean CPI score than those who are food
secure.
Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of
food insecurity and obesity among the study
sample. The diets lacked diversity with a low
consumption of fruit and vegetables. Nutrition
knowledge seems to have no impact on food
choice. Food insecurity impacted negatively on
academic performance.
Keywords: Food security, nutrition, university
students, financial aid
Page 21
ORAL PRESENTATION
Epidemiology / Statistics (2)
Page 22
OPC1
IMPACT OF DIABETES MEDICATION
THERAPY
ADHERENCE
CLINIC
(DMTAC) AND DETERMINANTS OF
SUCCESS AMONG TYPE II DIABETIC
PATIENTS IN SEREMBAN
Massitah Mihat1*, Mohd Rizal Abdul Manaf1,
Mohamed Ismail Lasa2
2. Seremban District Health Office, Negeri
Sembilan, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Prevalence of diabetes is
increasing in Malaysia from 11.6% to 15.2%
within five years. This major health problem
causes micro and macrovascular complications
thus increasing our health economic burden.
Therefore, a major effort needs to be done to
control diabetes. Diabetes Medication Therapy
Adherence Clinic (DMTAC) is among program
that has been established in Malaysia with the
objective to control and reduce diabetes
complication. The aims of this study are to
determine the impact of DMTAC and to
identify factors that influence the improvement
of glycemic control in diabetic patients who
attending DMTAC program.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was
conducted in eight health clinics in the district
of Seremban. Secondary data were collected
using DMTAC registration book, DMTAC
form and diabetic patients’ medical record.
Improvement in glycemic control is defined as
a reduction of HbA1c level at least four months
after the intervention started.
Resulst: A total of 376 patients’ data from
DMTAC program were analyzed in the study.
Sixty-seven percents of patients improved their
HbA1c level. Simple and multiple logistic
regression analysis were performed to
determine the factors associated with the
HbA1c improvement. Variables associated with
HbA1c improvement were adherence to
medication (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 6.36;
95% confident interval [CI], 3.35-12.06), single
type medication (AOR, 3.14 ; 95% CI, 1.387.14), passive intervention activity (AOR, 7.43;
95% CI, 2.02-27.32) and a less than five
medications (AOR, 2.08; 95% CI, 1.22-3.57).
Conclusion: DMTAC program is effective in
improving the HbA1c level among diabetic
patients treated in Seremban. Adherence to
treatment and management of the diabetic
medications should be given more attention to
enhance the effectiveness of DMTAC program.
Keywords: Diabetes, medication adherence,
HbA1c, glycemic control.
OPC2
KAIGO HOKEN: THE JAPANESE WAY
TO MITIGATE CHALLENGES OF
AGEING
Norazman Mohd Rosli, Ihsani Mahmood*,
Rohaizat Hassan, Shamsul Azhar Shah
Centre, Malaysia
[email protected]
Long Term Care Insurance (LTCI) or known as
Kaigo Hoken was implemented specifically to
assist Japanese elderly in living more
independently, subsequently aim to relieve their
family members from high burden of care.
Since enacted in 2000 to replace the old ‘Gold
Plan’, this social insurance system has served
close to 5 million people during the scheme’s
first 10 years and saw increment of more than
200% in those benefiting from home and
community-based services. Among them were
2 million people that utilized services provided
in day-care centre and as many as 1.4 million
people who received assistance from home
helpers. Funding for LTCI is generated through
3 sources whereby premiums payment (0.9
percent of monthly income) are mandatory for
those aged between 40 and 64, half from tax
revenue and the rest is by co-payment. Despite
some difficulties, LTCI is a proven system that
Page 23
enables financing of long term care for Japanese
elderly that make up 23% of the entire
population, the highest proportion of old people
in the world. Adopting similar system therefore
can be a significant move to secure the future of
older generation of Malaysian, expected to
become an ageing nation by 2030. Many of
them simply are not prepared to face the
challenges of ageing society, especially those
with financial hardship. Even though Malaysia
has been successful in poverty reduction that
reached only 2.8% in 2010, older person
particularly women in rural area regularly fell
into the poorest and most marginalized group.
More than half had to rely on their children for
main source of income especially those who are
unemployed with no pension. The lack of social
insurance system that can fund nationwide long
term-care hampered the chances of elderly to
lead an independent live. They face increases
vulnerability to financial insecurity that may
influence their overall wellbeing. It is time to
develop similar scheme to LTCI before aging
become significant problem in Malaysia
Keywords: Long Term Care Insurance (LTCI),
ageing, older generation
OPC3
PREVALENCE OF HYPERTENSION AND
ITS ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS OF
AMONG
UNIVERITI
PUTRA
MALASYSIA NON-ACADEMIC STAFF
(UPM)
Osman Fiidow*, Huda Zainuddin, Salmiah Md.
Said
Centre, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Hypertension is a phenomenon
which has been the main cause of high
morbidity and mortality rate in both developing
and developed countries will continue to prevail
if the right action is not taken. The aim of this
study is to determine the relationship between
hypertension and its associated factors among
Universiti Putra Malaysia non-academic staff.
Methods: Analytical cross-sectional study was
conducted among Universiti Putra Malaysia
non-academic staffs. In order to select the
respondents a simple random sampling
technique was used, a total of 400 nonacademic
staffs aged ≥25 years, participated in this study.
A per-tested selfadministered questionnaire
was used, and two blood pressure
measurements were taken from the respondent,
Blood pressure measurements were obtained
twice and the averages were taken by trained
observers by use of a standardized mercury
sphygmomanometer after a 5-minute sitting rest
with interval. Information on the factors was
obtained by use of a standard questionnaire.
Weight and height was also measured and BMI
was calculated. Data analyzed, using chi-square
test and binary multiple logistic regression.
Results: the proportion of hypertension was
8.8%, the mean age of the respondent was
39.2±8.9 years with a range of 35 years,
Proportion of hypertension was higher among
females, Malays, married, less educated
(secondary), Less income, Supporting Staff,
high duration employment, those with high
income, those with positive family history of
hypertension and those who were obese, former
smokers, and physically inactive. The findings
of multiple logistic regression indicated that the
strongest predictors of Hypertension were age,
Body Mass index, and physical indicator of
stress.
Conclusion: In conclusion, prevalence of
hypertension and perihypertension is high.
There is an urgent need for application of a
comprehensive
hypertension
prevention
program
Keywords: Hypertension factors, Universiti
Putra Malaysia, non-academic staff
Page 24
OPC4
DIETARY SODIUM INTAKE AND ITS
ASSOCIATION
WITH
BLOOD
PRESSURE
AMONG
MALE
POPULATION IN HULU LANGAT
DISTRICT
Norrina J*, Isa ZM, Ismail N. H., Hasni M. J,
Tamil A. M., Ismail R., Yusof K. H
Centre, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Dietary sodium intake among
Malaysian population is considered relatively
high. However, the relationship between dietary
sodium intake and blood pressure has been
inconsistent. This study aimed to determine the
association of sodium intake and other risk
factors with blood pressure among male
population in Hulu Langat district.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study carried
out among 1,250 male respondents aged 35
years old and above. The data collected include
demographic characteristics, anthropometric
measurements and semi-quantitative Food
Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) for dietary
sodium assessment. The food items are divided
into ten categories and were analysed using Diet
4 Software.
Results: Total respondents consist of 79% adult
(<60 years old, n=988) and 21% elderly (≥60
years old, n=262) with mean age 51.3±9.90
years. The median sodium intake among the
respondents was 17.57 gram/day with 25th,75th
percentile (10.35, 44.79) which is higher than
the Malaysian recommended level (2.4
gram/day). There are significant associations
between residence, ethnic and good
neighbourhood with sodium intake. The age,
education level, smoking status and stress
factors showed a significant association with
blood pressure. However, sodium intake
showed a weak positive correlation with blood
pressure (systolic, r=0.062, p= 0.029), diastolic
(r = 0.045, p= 0.111).
Conclusion: The risk factors influencing blood
pressure are age, education level, smoking
status and stress factors. Sodium intake
however has a weak relationship with blood
pressure. Behavioural change in smoking habit
and improvement in coping skills are
recommended to manage stress in this
population.
Keywords: Dietary sodium, blood pressure,
male, Hulu Langat district
OPC5
VALIDATION ON MALAY VERSION OF
PHYSICAL WORK LOAD INSTRUMENT
AMONG HEALTH CARE WORKER IN
HCTM
Farah Jihan Ab Ghafar*, Hanizah Mohd
Yusoff
Centre, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Physical workload among health
care workers include manual handling and nonneutral postures. This varied integration of
loads on the body requires a robust metric
assessment to capture the risks within and
between homogenous groups of workers with
the same job. Thus this study is to evaluate the
validity and reliability of a physical workload
self-report questionnaire that have been
translated to Bahasa Melayu.
Methods:
The
questionnaire
captured
ergonomic exposure that describe forces in the
lumbar spine during work activities adapting
from sophisticated biomechanical model by
Dortmunder. The questionnaire has 19 items
presented as pictograms and divided into 4
domains that described posture of the trunk,
positions of the arms, positions of the leg and
lifting of weight.
Results:
The
questionnaire
involved
participation from purposive selected sample
among health care worker in Hospital Canselor
Tunku Mukhriz that exposed in manual
Page 25
handling and non-neutral postures. The
questionnaire was given twice in a week a part
for the test-retest reliability. While for the
validation purposes, mean square within and
between the groups were compared to examine
the ability of this questionnaire to separate
groups with objectively different physical
workload. Few sets of questionnaires assessing
stressors and strains on musculoskeletal were
included to evaluate the correlation matrix of
convergent and discriminant validity.
Conclusion: Therefore, this instrument served
to generate and test hypotheses about the cause
of musculoskeletal problem in various type of
task.
Keywords: Health personnel, lifting, posture,
self report questionnaire, workload
OPC6
EFFECT OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
INTERVENTION ON FASTING BLOOD
GLUCOSE AND LIPID PROFILE AMONG
LOW INCOME HOUSEWIVES IN
KLANG
VALLEY:
A
QUASI
EXPERIMENT
Mohd Normazlan Husain1*, Ahmad Taufik
Jamil1, Azahadi Omar2, Noor Safiza Mohamad
Nor2, Rashidah Ambak2, Fazliana Mansor3, Nur
Liyana Ahmad Zamri3
2. Institute for Public Health, Malaysia
3. Institute of Medical Research, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Regular physical activity has
always been strongly recommended for good
cardiovascular health. This study aimed to
determine the effect of physical activity
intervention on fasting blood glucose and lipid
profile among low income housewives in Klang
Valley.
Methods: A quasi-experimental study of 328
eligible housewives living at low cost flats
around Klang Valley was conducted, involving
pre and six month post intervention.
Intervention group of 169 subjects was
provided with intervention package including
physical activity and 159 subjects in control
group received various awareness programs.
Anthropometry assessment, fasting blood sugar
and lipid profile were measured at baseline and
at the end of the study.
Results: After six months, there were
significant reductions of total cholesterol level,
weight and systolic blood pressure (p<0.05) in
both intervention and control groups. Both
groups had no significant change of fasting
blood glucose, low density lipoprotein level or
diastolic blood pressure. The high density
lipoprotein (HDL) level in intervention group
remained largely unchanged but there was
significant decrease of HDL level in control
group (p=0.001). The change of the total MET
(Metabolic Equivalent of Task) minutes
between the two groups post intervention is not
significant (p=0.211).
Conclusion: The effect of physical activity
intervention in improving the level of fasting
blood glucose and lipid profile among the
housewives could not be demonstrated possibly
due to both intervention and control groups had
similar change in the amount of physical
activity undertaken.
Keywords: Physical activity, blood glucose,
cholesterol, lipid
Page 26
OPC7
QUALITY OF LIFE ASSESSMENT OF
DRUG
ADDICTS
ENTERING
METHADONE
MAINTENANCE
PROGRAMME
IN
MELAKA
GOVERNMENT HEALTH CLINICS
Syafiq Taib*, Halim Ismail
Centre, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Opiate abuse is a major public
health problem which leads to severe health,
social and economic issues. Due to high relapse
cases from previous rehabilitation approach,
government
had
introduced
opiate
substitutional treatment (OST) in order to tackle
this problem. Methadone Maintenance therapy
(MMT) was one of OST method which
introduced in 2005 as harm reduction
programme against HIV infection and also
improves their quality of life. The objectives of
this study were to explore the quality of life
(QOL) among drug addicts entering Methadone
Maintenance Programme and to determine the
influence of socio-demographic factors and past
drug history factors on their QOL.
Methods: A total of 106 patients from 7
randomly selected clinics in Melaka Tengah
district were recruited in this cross sectional
study. In order to assess their QOL, the Opiate
Treatment Index (OTI) was used which consists
of 6 domains: drug usage, high risk behaviour,
social function, criminality, general health
condition and psychological condition. SPSS
version 22.0 was used to statistically analyse the
data.
Results: There were significant association
between socio-demographic factors and past
drug history on patients’ QOL. High score for
IVDU practise was significantly associated with
poor QOL. Meanwhile, onset of addiction had a
negative significant association with poor QOL.
Conclusion: Opiate dependent patients’ QOL is
mainly influenced by their socio-demographic
factor and also their past drug history. Thus, to
get better improvement in QOL, a holistic
approach in the MMT programme is needed
involving the family support, better patients’
environment and also by providing counselling
services.
Keywords: Methadone, Melaka, opiate
dependence, Quality of Life
OPC8
PSYCHOMETRIC EVALUATION OF
THE MALAY VERSION MEDICAL
OUTCOMES STUDY (MOS) SOCIAL
SUPPORT
SURVEY
USING
CONFIRMATORY FACTOR ANALYSIS
IN CAREGIVERS OF CHILDREN WITH
DISABILITIES
Siti Nor Ismalina Isa*, Ismarulyusda Ishak,
Nur Zakiah Mohd Saat, Syarif Husin Lubis,
Muhammad Faiz Mohd Ismail
Biomedical Sciences Programme, Faculty of
Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan
Malaysia, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Social support has been
identified as significant predictor in
determining of health-related quality of life of
the parents of children with disabilities. The aim
of this study was to determine the psychometric
properties of the Malay version of MOS Social
Support Survey among caregivers of children
with disabilities using confirmatory validity
approach.
conducted involving 383 caregivers of children
with learning disabilities who were attending
community based rehabilitation centres and
schools with special education integration
programme in Kelantan. Internal reliability,
construct validity and construct reliability were
evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha and
confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The data
were analysed using IBM SPSS 22.0 and
AMOS 21.0 software.
Page 27
Results: The Malay version MOS Social
Support showed excellent internal consistency
reliability for overall support index and four
domains
(Cronbach’s
alpha
>
0.9).
Bootstrapping technique was applied in CFA
since the multivariate normality assumption
was violated. CFA showed that the instrument
had good construct validity with factor loadings
ranged from 0.714 to 0.945 and Goodness-of-fit
indices reached acceptable model fit (Chisquare (df) = 379.167 (146), p<0.001; Chisquare/df = 2.597; RMSEA = 0.065; CFI =
0.962). The model with four constructs and 19
items also demonstrated good discriminant
validity, convergent validity and construct
reliability. Average variance extracted and
composite reliability achieved minimum
acceptable value.
Conclusion: This study suggested that the
Malay version MOS Social Support Survey
with four domains and 19 items had good
construct validity and reliability in this study
sample. Result supported the use of the
instrument to measure social support among
Malay adult population.
Keywords: Social support, psychometric,
confirmatory factor analysis, caregivers,
disability
Page 28
ORAL PRESENTATION: HEALTH MANAGEMENT / HEALTH PROMOTION
ORAL PRESENTATION
Health Management / Health Promotion
Page 29
OPD1
HEALTH EDUCATION NEEDS AND
RISKY SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR ISSUES
AMONG ADOLESCENTS IN SARAWAK,
MALAYSIA
Institute For Health Behavioral Research,
Ministry of Health Malaysia, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Adolescents in Sarawak need
proper information, awareness on sexual health,
and accessibility to health services on
adolescent health. This paper focus on review of
literature on health education needs and risky
sexual behavior issues in Sarawak.
Methods: Review of literature on sexual health
issues among adolescents in Sarawak.
Results: Rapid urbanization process in Sarawak
has been affecting its rural communities, in
which rural-urban migration contributed
significantly to teenage pregnancy issues. The
reported cases of teenage pregnancies in 2014
were 3,401 and 2,663 in 2015. As such, these
segment of adolescents need proper
reproductive health knowledge and skills to
negotiate these risky factors and be nurtured
earlier
through
proper
planning,
implementation and evaluation of health
education needs within the healthcare system.
As such, health education comprises
opportunities for learning involving some form
of communication designed to improve health
literacy, improving knowledge, and developing
life skills which are conducive to individual and
community health. Positive sexual health and
well-being lies on the ability to make a rational
decision-making in choosing what is good for
adolescent themselves. Evidence based health
education strategies are needed in identifying
various underlying psychological and social
domains that related to how adolescents decide,
rationalize, internalize and control themselves
from risky sexual behaviour. It is derived from
studies that were guided by theory, systematic
observations, experiments, and empirical
testing.
Conclusion: Evidence based strategies that
translated into effective health education
activities may reducing adolescent involvement
in risky sexual behaviour. Thus, it may
improved the current health education strategies
related to sexual health being implemented by
Sarawak State Health Department.
Keywords: Sexual health, health education
needs, adolescent
OPD2
EARLY
INITIATION
OF
BREASTFEEDING
IN
NIGERIA:
FACILITATORS AND BARRIERS
Itse Jacdonmi1*, Muhamad S. Suhainizam1,
Ismail B. Suriani1, Gbubemi R. Jacdonmi2,
Opara O. Monica1
of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti
Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
2. School of Medicine and Public Health,
International
University,
Bamenda,
Cameroon
[email protected]
Introduction: The World Health Organization
(WHO) and United Nations Children’s Fund
(UNICEF) recommend that breast-feeding be
initiated within 1 h of birth because early
initiation stimulates breast milk production,
increases uterine activity and may thus reduce
the risk of heavy bleeding and infection. This
study was a cross sectional study aimed at
exploring facilitators and barriers of early
initiation of breastfeeding in Nigeria.
Methods: 280 post-natal mothers were selected
from three primary health care facilities in the
Jos North Local Government Area (LGA) in
Plateau
State,
Nigeria.
A
validated
questionnaire was administered to mothers
selected from the three primary health facility in
the study area. Data were analyzed using SPSS
22. All results were significant at alpha value ≤
0.05
Results: Facilitating factors of early initiation
of breastfeeding included colostrum feeding
(AOR= 4.660 [2.824-7.691], delivery via
Page 30
normal vaginal delivery (AOR= 1.322 [1.2023.446]), delivery at health facilities (AOR=
2.035 [1.202-3.446], availability of messages
on breastfeeding at health facility (AOR= 1.298
[0.047-0.142]), and social support (AOR=
1.943 [1.177-3.209]). Major barriers included
post birth activities performed such as bathing
of babies, perception of mothers that baby’s
needed rest and did not cry for breast milk, and
also lack of breast milk produced after birth.
Conclusion: It is important to raise awareness
and increase knowledge about early initiation of
breastfeeding to post-natal mothers by health
care providers during Antenatal Visits at health
facilities. Interventions should focus on
addressing barriers to early initiation and should
also include a community component.
Keywords: Early initiation of breastfeeding,
facilitating factors, barriers
OPD3
KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE TOWARDS
HIV/AIDS
AMONG
UNIVERSITY
STUDENTS IN THE KLANG VALLEY
Norazilah J.1*, Rosnah S.1, Idris I.B.1, Mahdy
ZA.2, Rahmah M.A.3, Ghafari M.1,4, Shamsuddin
K.1
2. Department
of
Obstetrics
and
Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine,
Centre, Malaysia
3. Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA),
Terengganu, Malaysia
4. Department of Public Health, School of
Health, Shahrekord University of Medical
Sciences, Iran
[email protected]
Introduction: Globally, an estimated 36.9 million
people were living with HIV/AIDS at the end of
2014. At the same time, approximately 2 million
people became newly infected with HIV and about
30% of new HIV infections are among young
people ages 15-24. The aim of this paper is to
assess the level and determinants of knowledge
and attitude towards HIV/AIDS among a group of
young Malaysians, specifically university
students.
Methods: A cross sectional survey using
anonymous,
pre-tested,
self-administered
Modified WHO AIDS Questionnaire for
HIV/AIDS knowledge and attitude was carried out
among university students between the ages of 1824 years who enrolled in universities/colleges in
the Klang Valley.
Results: The mean knowledge score of the 872
students in the study was 17.4 + 6.8, and 74.3
percent were considered to have good knowledge
of HIV/AIDS. A good 98.1 percent of students had
positive attitude and only 17 students were
considered to have negative attitude (i.e. being
judgemental, fearful and discriminating against
HIV/AIDS and against persons who have
HIV/AIDS). Higher mean knowledge scores were
found among older students, students who enrolled
in public universities and health-related faculties,
those whose parents are currently married, and
among those who reported teachers as their source
of information.
Conclusion: The study showed that university
students in the Klang Valley are less judgemental
and discriminating against HIV/AIDS and persons
with HIV/AIDS. On the other hand, although
university students, almost 25% of them still have
poor knowledge.
Keywords: HIV/AIDS, knowledge, attitude,
university students
Page 31
OPD4
APPENDICITIS: ACCURACY OF THE
PROVISIONAL DIAGNOSIS
Aniza Ismail1, Saperi Sulung2, Siti Hasnah
Nasarudin1*, Nur Fadhilah Mohd Razib1,
Norfazillah Ab Manan1, Manakandan SK1
2. Health Information Department, Universiti
Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre,
Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Appendicitis is among the
common reason for acute abdominal pain. The
lifetime risk of appendicitis is 8.6% for males
and 6.7% for females. The treatment of choice
is surgical removal of the inflamed appendix by
open
appendectomy
or
laparoscopic
appendectomy. The purpose of this study is to
determine the rate of appendicitis in Universiti
Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical
Centre
(UKMMC) from 2010-2014 and also will look
into the accuracy between the provisional
diagnosis against final diagnosis of appendicitis
and the related factors associated with its
complication.
Methods: This is a retrospective study with a
universal sampling. Casemix data of all patient
with provisional diagnosis coded as K35-K38.9
were obtained from the Health Informatics
Department, UKMMC.
Results: This study has found out that the
accuracy of the provisional diagnosis against
final diagnosis is 87.1% and about 10% of the
total cases were not operated and was
discharged after a spontaneous recovery. Age
and the length of stay in the ward were factors
that significantly associated with developing
complications.
Conclusion: The limitation noted are
demographic data were not enough and the
diagnosis by the treating clinician may not tally
with the ICD-10 diagnosis by the keying-in
staff, which may result in discrepancy
Keywords:
Appendicitis,
provisional
diagnosis, final diagnosis
OPD5
PREDICTORS FOR LENGTH OF STAY
AND
READMISSIONS
AMONG
SCHIZOPHRENIA PATIENTS IN PPUKM
Aniza Ismail, Saperi Sulong, Mohd Shaiful
Azlan Kassim*, Siti Nurbaya Shahrir,
Muhammad Haikal Ghazali, Mohd Fairuz
Addnan
Centre, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Early readmission is a potential
indicator of poor quality of inpatient treatment
for behavioural health disorders and for general
medical conditions. Risk of readmission is quite
high for persons with a severe mental illness.
This study examines readmission rate and
factors associated with readmission episodes
among schizophrenic patient in PPUKM.
Methods: Hospital admission records of the
schizophrenia patients admitted to PPUKM
from April 2005 until August 2015. Data were
extracted on demographic characteristics, date
of admission and discharge, length of stay, comorbidity and procedures. Descriptive,
Bivariate and Survival Analysis were done.
Results: There were a total of 1,325 admissions
recorded with 26.9% readmission rate.
Readmission within 30 days was 5.9%.
Readmitted patients were older, male, and those
with higher prevalence of non-communicable
diseases. Cox regression revealed age and
procedure increase risk of readmission after 30
days survival period. Length of stay (LOS) is
not a predictor of readmission.
Conclusion: Readmission within 30 days is
relatively low which indicate good quality
management of schizophrenic patient in
PPUKM. The use of LOS-readmission
Page 32
relationship as quality indicators for hospital
care providers is not recommended.
Keywords: Schizophrenia, length of stay
(LOS), readmission
OPD6
THE PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF
THE MALAY VERSION OF HOSPITAL
SURVEY
ON
PATIENT
SAFETY
CULTURE (HSOPSC-M)
Safaridah Anuar1*, Tan Seow Koon2,
Rusinahayati Mukhtaruddin3, Tin Tin Su1
1. Centre of Population Health, Department
of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty
of Medicine, University Malaya, Malaysia
2. Department of Anesthesiology, University
Malaya Specialist Centre, Malaysia
3. Hospital Az-Zahrah, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Patient safety culture has
recently attracted attention as an important
domain of quality health care. There is a dire
need for a valid instrument to enable continuous
monitoring and evaluation of patient safety
culture in the country. The aim of this study is
to investigate the psychometric properties of
Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture
(HSOPSC) in Malay language.
Methods: This study used Hospital Survey on
Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC) which has 12
dimensions and 42 items. Validation process
followed steps suggested by Agency of
Healthcare Research in Quality (AHRQ).
Evaluation of face and content validity were
done by different groups of experts. Three
public hospitals which were purposively chosen
participated in this study and involved 750
participants. Data analysis of the psychometric
study included descriptive and factor analysis.
Confirmatory factor analysis and exploratory
factor analysis were assessed using Student
package of statistical software (SPSS version
21) and Analysis of moment structure (AMOS
version 22).
Results: Face validity and content validity
showed minimal problematic areas. The
Content Validity Index was excellent (CVI0.9). The original construct showed
unsatisfactory findings as 4 out of 12
dimensions showing Cronbach’s Alpha of less
than 0.6. Hence the whole dataset was divided
into 2 for exploratory factor analysis and
confirmatory factor analysis for hypothetical
construct. Results of goodness of fit for the
hypothetical model were of χ2 (df) of
=770(369) with p value of <0.005, CFI=0.8,
RMSEA=0.7 and P ratio=0.85.The overall
Cronbach’s Alpha for the new construct is 0.88.
Conclusion: The final HSOPSC-Malay version
showed 9 dimensions and 30 items with good
validity and reliability. We concluded that
HSOPSC-Malay is psychometrically sound to
be used in Malaysia. This finding will enable
the country to assess patient safety culture in
healthcare organization.
Keywords:
patient
safety,
HSOPSC,
psychometric,Malay
OPD7
PATIENT
SATISFACTION
AND
SERVICE QUALITY: A SURVEY OF THE
OUTPATIENT SERVICES AT CHERAS
REHABILITATION HOSPITAL
Md. Anuar Abd. Samad1*, Mohd. Rizal Abdul
Manaf2, Roslan Johari Mohd. Ghazali3,
Husmeela Hussain3
1. Medical Development Division, Ministry of
Health (MOH), Malaysia
3. Cheras Rehabilitation Hospital, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Patient satisfaction is one of the
most commonly measured indicators in
healthcare. Providers or organizations that
make care more ‘personal’ are associated with
higher level of satisfaction and thus will result
in better communication, more patient
involvement and better outcomes. As a
Page 33
pioneering facility in the provision of
specialized care in Rehabilitation Medicine in
Malaysia, Cheras Rehabilitation Hospital has
also embarked in the quest of determining the
level of satisfaction of its patients as one of its
effort to improve its quality of service and to
ensure that its dream to become a world class
institution can be fulfilled.
conducted from November 2014 till April 2015
using the SERVQUAL: KKM questionnaire
adapted from the original SERVQUAL
questionnaire by the Institute of Health
Management, Malaysia. The respondent rate
was 80.4%; 294 samples were examined using
the convenience sampling method (91.3% of
targeted sample size).
Results: Results showed that the level of
satisfaction among the respondents was higher
than previous local studies using the similar
questionnaire at public health facilities at 65%.
There was no statistical significant association
between the sociodemographic characteristics
being studied with the overall level of
satisfaction at this hospital. However, when the
level of satisfaction within the different
domains of SERVQUAL: KKM and MOH
Corporate Culture were tested, ethnic do play a
role in influencing the level of satisfaction in the
dimensions of ‘Responsiveness’, ‘Assurance’
and ‘Caring’; as does occupation with
‘Outcome’ and ‘Teamwork’, and gender in
‘Empathy’, ‘Outcome’ and ‘Caring’. Females
and patients who are unemployed or selfemployed were more likely to be dissatisfied to
the outpatient services; Indians were more
likely to be satisfied with it. Even though the
level of satisfaction was relatively high, all the
dimensions studied had a negative service
quality gaps indicating that the services has not
met their expectations. ‘Tangible’, ‘Reliability’,
‘Empathy’, ‘Caring’, ‘Teamwork’ and
‘Professionalism’ are among the dimensions
which
showed
statistically
significant
differences between the expectations and
perception of the services and therefore need
further improvement.
Conclusion: Understanding what the patient
needs and wants is crucial in our quest to
provide a high quality service. Understanding
the factors which influences them in making
certain decisions and assessing the service that
was rendered to them is also pertinent; tailoring
of services and taking into account all these
factors into the future planning of services will
bring benefits not only to the patient but also
improve the overall image of the organization.
Based on these findings, certain measures can
be taken by the management team of the
hospital to address these issues within the
boundaries of its capabilities and resources and
therefore will enable this institution to continue
providing excellent services to those in need.
This study is hoped to be the benchmark of
future studies conducted in this area and
contribute to further enhancement of the quality
of services being delivered in this hospital.
Keywords: Patient satisfaction, service quality,
SERVQUAL, Cheras Rehabilitation Hospital
OPD8
PATIENT EDUCATION DURING HOME
VISIT: MOST VALUED INITIATIVE
Ahmad Arif Hussin*, Zalena Mohd Nor ,
Mazriazie Md Isa, Marzaita Mat Yunan, Faiz
Daud
Centre, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Home visitation refers to
planned activities aimed at the promotion of
health and prevention of disease. In Malaysia,
home visits are conducted under the Family
Health Programme which mainly involves
public health nursing personnel. The objective
of this study is to identify the patient education
practices during home visit
Methods: A group of students shadowed two
community nurses on their home visits round
throughout the area covered by Health Clinic
Semenyih. Two community nurses were
presented with 4 postgraduate students. Three
out of 11 homes were visited during the session.
Results: All three home visits constituted
examination of mothers and babies which
Page 34
include mothers’ blood pressure, symphysial
fundal height, babies’ weight, jaundice
assessment and signs of infection. The patient
education throughout the home visit focused on
breast feeding techniques, mothers’ diet and
nutrition, prevention of deep vein thrombosis as
well as prevention of breast engorgement
among postnatal cases. The success of health
education during home visit is multifactorial.
These include a good health system;
commitment and knowledge of healthcare
personnel; patients and family acceptance
towards the programme. The current system
outline a minimum of ten visits with immediate
visit within 24 hours upon referral. Healthcare
personnel should have sufficient knowledge
coupled with passion and empathy. The patients
and family benefited from the health education
once they give full participation, responsive and
are interactive.
Conclusion: Patient education depends on the
case of the patients. There are several basic
education practices that are implemented during
each home visit but additional education will be
given depending on the cases
Keywords: Home visit, patient education,
public health nursing personnel
OPD9
COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT AND
THE ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG
THE 2014 FLOOD VICTIMS IN PAHANG
Humadevi Sivasamy1, Rozita Hod1,2, Sharifa
Ezat Wan Puteh1*, Azmawati Mohammed
Nawi1, Idayu Badilla Idris1, Izzah Syazwani
Ahmad1, Chamhuri Siwar2 , Mohd Raihan
Taha2
2. Institute for Environment and Development
(LESTARI),
Universiti
Kebangsaan
Malaysia, Malaysia.
[email protected] /
[email protected]
Introduction: Flood is one of the commonest
environment and climate related disaster in
Malaysia. The effects of flood include physical,
mental, environmental, social and economic
repercussions. Community empowerment plays
an important role in adapting and preparing
towards the flood risks and impacts. The
objective is to assess the status of community
empowerment and its associated factors among
the flood victims and provide recommendations
for improvement.
Methods: A cross sectional data from the
Survey
Impact
of
Flood
towards
Socioeconomic, Wellbeing and Health of
Pahang residents were analyzed. The study on
602 respondents was conducted in June 2015.
Semi guided questionnaires were given to the
flood victims in three affected districts in
Pahang namely Pekan, Kuantan and Temerloh.
The
Individual
Community
Related
Empowerment (ICRE) tool were used to assess
the community empowerment. It contains five
domains which are self-efficacy, participation,
motivation, intention and critical awareness.
Results: A total of 602 respondents in which
majority were male (63.8%) and Malay (97.8%)
from rural (55.3%) with age ranging from 19 to
88 years old (mean 48.0,SD13.2). Among the
respondents 28.2% experienced mild mood
disturbance, borderline clinical depression
(19.6%), moderate depression (14.5%), severe
depression (2.3%) and extreme depression
(0.5%). As for the empowerment domains the
mean self efficacy, intention, participation,
motivation and critical awareness were 22.8
(SD5.88), 14.8 (SD3.36), 10.7 (SD3.35), 11.0
(SD2.56) and 2.5 (SD1.31) respectively. No
depression has association with higher self
efficacy, intention, and motivation. However,
critical awareness is associated with moderate
depression. The younger age is associated with
higher self efficacy. Male found to have higher
intention, participation and motivation. Those
who experienced more health symptoms
Page 35
significantly correlated with all domains of
empowerment except for self efficacy.
Conclusion: In conclusion, low status of
empowerment seen in all the domains except for
motivation and critical awareness. The
association of significant risk factors varies for
each domain.
Keywords: Flood, health impacts, community
empowermen
Page 36
ORAL PRESENTATION
Family Health / Nutrition / Social Work (2)
Page 37
OPE1
HPV
SELF-SAMPLING
ACCEPTABILITY
IN
WOMEN
ATTENDING UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI
MARA MEDICAL CENTRE
Nik Nairan Abdullah1*, Suzanna Daud2, Wang
Seok Mui3, Waqar Al-Kubaisy1, Fathin Diyana
Mohamad Hussin1
1. Population Health & Preventive Medicine,
Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi
MARA (UiTM), Sungai Buloh, Malaysia
2. Obstetric & Gynaecology, Faculty of
Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA
(UiTM), Malaysia
3. Institute of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of
Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA
(UiTM), Sungai Buloh, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: This cross-sectional study aims
to determine the acceptability of Human
Papilloma Virus (HPV) self-sampling for
detection of high strain HPV and to identify the
factors associated with willingness to buy HPV
self-sampling device in the future.
Methods: This study is an initial part of a larger
study conducted under Ministry of Higher
Education grant. A total of 164 women aged 3060 years old from Obstetrics & Gynaecology
clinics at Universiti Teknologi Mara medical
centre performed HPV self-sampling using
Digene HC2 DNA collection device. After
samples were taken, participants answered
questionnaires on the sociodemographic factors
and the acceptability of the device. In the
questionnaire, there were given statements that
have responses ranged from 1(very disagree) to
5 (very agree). The study was approved by
Universiti Teknologi MARA Research Ethics
Committee (600-RMI (5/1/16).
Results: Most of the participants were Malays
(93.9%), attained tertiary education (65.2%)
and employed (70.1%).Estimated 73.8% of the
participants agreed that HPV self-sampling can
be performed at their own place while 60.4%
agreed that HPV self-sampling can be
conducted without the health personnel
assistance. Only 1.2% felt that the procedure
was difficult to perform while the rest of the
women felt it was easy. Majority reported they
felt no pain at all during the procedure (66.5%).
The associations between age, ethnicity,
employment and education level with
willingness to buy HPV self-sampling device
was not significant in the multivariate analysis.
Conclusion: HPV self-sampling is well
accepted by the participants. It has the potential
to be included into the cervical cancer screening
programme.
Keywords: HPV self-sampling, cervical
cancer, screening programme
OPE2
SELF ESTEEM AND COPING STYLES OF
MALE
AND
FEMALE
COLLEGE
STUDENTS IN KUALA LUMPUR
Gunaseelan G1*, Wan Ismail WS2, Aniza I1,
Jaffar A3, Faiz D1, Ghafari M4, Shamsuddin K1
2. Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of
3. Faculty of Medicine and Defence Health,
National Defence University of Malaysia,
Malaysia
4. Department of Public Health, School of
Health, Shahrekort University of Medical
Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
[email protected]
Introduction: Self esteem and coping styles
used when young often influence the coping
styles used in later life. This study aims at
assessing the self-esteem and coping styles of
male and female college students.
Methods: A cross-sectional study using self
administered questionnaire was carried out
among students enrolled in college/university in
the Klang Valley to gather their sociodemographic,
family
and
academic
Page 38
information, and determine their self esteem
and coping styles. Self esteem was measured
using the Rosenberg self-esteem scale, and
coping styles through Carver’s BRIEF Cope.
Results: Low self esteem was 18.2% among
male and 14.0% among female students. In both
genders, low self esteem was not associated
with any of the socio-demographic, family and
academic factors explored. Female students
tend to use almost all coping styles more
frequently than their male counterparts and
showed higher use of positive framing,
acceptance, instrumental support, active coping,
emotion, religion, self-distraction, venting and
behavioural engagement, but lower use of
substance. Analysis of coping styles by self
esteem in both genders also showed students
with low self esteem reported less frequent use
of the different coping styles.
Conclusion: Although there is no difference in
level of low self esteem, male and female
students differed in their coping styles and
gender-specific analysis showed further
differences in coping styles among those with
high and low self esteem. This information will
be useful for providing gender sensitive
counseling and in designing supportive services
for youths enrolled in colleges and universities
in large cities such as Kuala Lumpur and other
urban centres in the country.
Keywords: Self esteem, coping styles, gender
difference, university students, youths
OPE3
THE
RELATIONSHIP
BETWEEN
PARENTING
BEHAVIOURS
AND
CHILDREN’S SELF-ESTEEM WITH
MENTAL HEALTH PROBLEMS AMONG
TEENAGERS
Ida Dalina Nordin1*, Idayu Badilla Idris1,
Rozita Hod1, Noor Azimah Muhammad2,
Hanizah Mohd Yusoff1, Nornatasha Azida
Anuar1, Qistina Mohd Ghazali1
2. Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of
[email protected]
Introduction: Studies has shown that mental
health problems among children have
substantially increased in many countries
including Malaysia. Many risk factors have
been associated with the development of mental
health problems among children. This study
was conducted to determine whether childrenparental bonding and children’s self-esteem
were contributing factors in determining mental
health problems among young teenagers.
conducted among school children aged between
13 to 15 years old in Hulu Langat Selangor.
These children were given a self-administered
questionnaires i.e. the Strengths and Difficulties
Questionnaire (SDQ) to determine the
children’s mental health status, Parental
Bonding Instrument (PBI) to measure parenting
care, parental control and allowance of
autonomy as well as the Rosenberg Self-Esteem
Scale Questionnaires to measure the children’s
self-esteem. Informed consent from parents was
obtained
prior
to
administration
of
questionnaires to these children.
Results: A total of 248 children participated in
this study with 25.4% boys and 74.6 % girls and
majority (79.8%) were Malays. SDQ scoring
showed that more than 19.8% children had
abnormal score indicating they may be having
some form of mental health problems. There
was a significant association between over
controlling parenting with abnormal SDQ
scores (p <
0.05). However there was no
significant association between other parenting
behaviour and children’s self-esteem with
abnormal SDQ scores (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: There is a positive relationship
between parental control and mental health
problems but negative relationship between
parental care and allowance of autonomy and
mental health problems among young teens.
This study shows the importance of enhancing
positive parenting behaviours among our
Malaysian parents in order to lessen the risk of
having mental health problems among our
young teens. However a longitudinal study is
needed to confirm the association between over
Page 39
controlling parents with children’s mental
health problems.
Keywords: Children, adolescent, mental
health, risk factors, parental bonding
OPE4
FACTORS
ASSOCIATED
WITH
CAREGIVER BURDEN IN MENTAL
ILLNESS: DOES RESILIENCE MATTER?
Zamzaliza
McCarthy2
Abdul
Mulud1*,
Geraldine
1. Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti
Teknologi MARA, Malaysia
2. School of Nursing, University College
Cork, Ireland
[email protected]
Introduction: Deinstitutionalisation of patients
with mental illness from hospital care to home
care is a stressful event for caregivers and this
process can impact negatively on caregivers’
physical and mental health. However, resilience
might be a key factor in explaining how family
members ‘bounce back’ and deal with the
associated challenges. The purposes of this
study were to examine the association between
caregiver burden and resilience in caregivers
(N=201) of individuals with severe mental
illness in Malaysia and to determine the
influencing factors of caregiver burden.
Methods: Guided by the Stress Process Model,
we conducted a quantitative, cross sectional,
correlational design to explore the relationship
between socio-demographic characteristics of
caregiver,
caregiving-related
stressors,
resilience and caregiver burden. Caregiver
burden and resilience were measured using the
Caregiver Burden Inventory (CBI) and the
Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC)
respectively.
Results: The average score for the CBI was
30.7 (SD=20.3), indicating a moderate level of
caregiver burden. Findings from hierarchical
multiple regression revealed that the
caregiving-related stressors were the most
significant predictors; explaining 28.3% of the
variance in caregiver burden. Resilience
explained an additional 4.2% of the variance in
caregiver burden, after controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and caregivingrelated stressors. Significant individual
predictors were caregivers’ marital status
(p=0.002), perceived health status (p=0.02),
time spent for caregiving tasks (p<0.01) and
resilience (p<0.01).
Conclusion: Findings from the present research
contribute to the growing evidence of the
interaction between caregivers’
sociodemographic variables, caregiving-related
stressors and resilience with caregiver burden.
Keywords: Mental illness, caregivers, physical
and mental health, Caregiver Burden Inventory
(CBI)
OPE5
A
COMPARATIVE
STUDY
ON
PREVALENCE OF DEMENTIA AMONG
ELDERLY LIVING AT OWN HOME,
PONDOK AND OLD FOLKS HOME IN
KELANTAN
Rohayu Hami1*, Mohd Hashim Mohd Hassan2,
Norsa’adah Bachok3, Azidah Abdul Kadir4, Che
Hasanah Che Ismail5
1. Advance Medical and Dental Institute,
Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia
2. Department of Community Medicine,
3. Department of Biostatistics and Research
Methodology, Universiti Sains Malaysia,
Malaysia
4. Department of Family Medicine, Universiti
5. Department of Psychiatry, Universiti Sains
Malaysia, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Dementia is a substantial public
health concern as it involved multiple-domain
cognitive impairment and significantly affect
everyday function. As the population ages, the
numbers of older people with dementia will
significantly increase. Dementia is classified as
a major category of impairment that appear in
Page 40
elderly people, especially as they begin to fail
and it is one of the Giants of Geriatrics.
Methods: Four hundred and seventy one
elderly were participated in this comparative
cross-sectional study conducted in Kelantan.
One hundred fifty seven elderly each from
whom living at own home, pondok and old folks
home. Dementia was assessed using validated
Malay version of Mini Mental State
Examination (MMSE) (Ibrahim et al., 2009).
Elderly with score of 17 and below was
classified as dementia. The prevalence of
dementia were compared between the living
place using chi-square tests.
Results: The total prevalence of dementia was
6.2%. Prevalence of dementia was highest
among old folks home respondents (11.5%) and
lowest among own home respondents (0.6%).
Dementia prevalence for pondok respondents
was 6.4%. There was a significant difference of
prevalence of dementia between living place
(Fisher exact p value <0.001).
Conclusion: This study showed, old folks home
elderly significantly suffer from dementia than
elderly living in pondok and own home.
Keywords: Elderly, dementia, own home,
pondok, old folks home
OPE6
GENDER DIFFERENCES IN FACTORS
AFFECTING APPROPRIATENESS OF
HEALTH
SEEKING
BEHAVIOUR
AMONG KNOWN DIABETICS IN
TANJONG KARANG
Muhammad Naím Mat Salleh*, Aniza Ismail,
Rosnah Sutan, Khadijah Shamsuddin
Centre, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Biologically male and female
have similar diabetes prevalence. However
current burden trends are different in term of
gender. Gender differences in social structure
bring differences in appropriateness of health
seeking behaviours of diabetic patients.
Objective. The aim of the study is to describe
the pattern for appropriateness of health seeking
behaviour based on gender in respondents with
diabetes mellitus and its determinants among
rural communities base on sociodemographic
factors, disease profile, perception of disease
and family support.
conducted among 345 diabetics respondents
who have appropriate health seeking behaviour
from community in Tanjong Karang using a
validated questionnaires. The appropriate health
seeking behaviour in diabetics defined as using
modern treatment either through oral
hypoglycemics or insulin injections, obtained
from either a public or private health facility.
Results: Among the respondent who has
appropriate health seeking behaviour in
diabetes mellitus, 63.8% are female and 36.2%
are male. Multivariate logistic regression
analysis revealed that appropriate health
seeking behaviour in respondents with diabetes
mellitus in Tanjong Karang was significantly
associated with age, marital status and
employment status according to gender.
Conclusion: Appropriate health seeking
behaviour in respondent with diabetes mellitus
based on gender are different and significantly
associated with different determinants.
Keywords: Gender differences, health seeking
behaviour, diabetes mellitus
OPE7
ARE CULTURES OF GIVING WATER
REDUCE
THE
EXCLUSIVE
BREASTFEEDING
PRACTICE
IN
KUALA
LANGAT
DISTRICT,
MALAYSIA?
Siti Harirotul Hamrok Asis1*, Hazreen Abdul
Majid2, Nabilla Al-Sadat2
1. Kuala Langat District Health Offce,
Ministry of Health, Malaysia
2. Department of Social and Preventive
Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University
of Malaya, Malaysia
[email protected]
Page 41
Introduction: Despite the promotion of BFHI,
the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding at six
month was declined in Malaysia. The aim of
this study was to determine the factors
associated with exclusive breastfeeding
duration and effect of cultures of giving water
on exclusive breastfeeding practice.
Methods: A cross sectional study involving of
964
mothers with six month old baby was
conducted
from 1st February to 31st
December, 2010. Face to face interview with a
validated pretested structured questionnaires
was conducted assessing sociodemographic
factors, maternal characteristics, infant
characteristics, employment characteristics,
religion factors, cultural and belief factors,
knowledge, attitude and practice on
breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding
practice at 6 month. Univariate and
multivariate analysis were used to determine
factors affecting exclusive breastfeeding
practice at 6 month.
Results: Non working women had the odds of
4.73 to exclusively breastfed at 6 month
compared to working women(95% CI:
2.21,10.11).Women who was given support by
mothers had the odds of 2.52 higher to
exclusively breastfed at 6 month compared to
not given
support by mothers(95%CI
:1.16,5.47). Mothers with culture of not giving
water had the odds of 4.35 higher to exclusively
breastfed at 6 month compared to women who
give water due to culture(95% CI:
2.22,8.51).The other positive associated factors
of exclusive breast feeding at 6 month were
mothers who not giving water due to not enough
breast milk compared to mothers who gave
water to baby, adjusted OR 3.43(95%CI
1.02,11.56) and mothers who never felt not
enough breast milk compared to mothers who
always felt not enough breast milk, adjusted OR
4.58(95%CI 1.05,20.04)
Conclusion: Education to reduce the practice of
giving water to babies and worksite support is
important to prolong exclusive breastfeeding
practice.
Keywords: Exclusive breastfeeding, culture of
giving water, working mothers
OPE8
COMMUNAL INTERDEPENDENCE AND
HEALTHY AGEING OF THE MALAY
OLDER PEOPLE: AN INTERPRETATIVE
PHENOMENOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Ahmad Shahir Abdul Mutalib*, Akehsan
Dahlan
Occupational Therapy Department, Faculty of
Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA,
Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Members of the community are
important source of social support and
interdependence to increase the quality of life of
the Malay older people.
Methods: In order to investigate the practice of
communal interdependence of the Malay older
people in Malaysia, eleven Malay older people
were interviewed and the transcript analysed
using
six
stages
of
interpretative
phenomenological analysis.
Results: Two main themes emerged from the
interview transcripts are issues regarding
interpersonal alliances and activities in
congregation. There are four subthemes for
interpersonal alliances which are face to face
interactions, informal education (teaching and
learning), religious social responsibilities and
rukun-tetangga. Activities in congregation is
the other main theme with the subthemes of
congregational feast, congregational obligatory
prayers and gotong-royong as highlighted by
the Malay older people.
Conclusion: Communal interdependence is
found to be one of the most effective way for
the Malay older people in the community in
Malaysia to adapt their retired status. It provides
positive affects such as healthy social
wellbeing, psychological supports and close
alliances to fulfill their daily needs, personal
satisfaction and security, which subsequently
contributes to healthy ageing and better quality
of life.
Keywords: Communal interdependence, Older
people, Quality of life, Healthy ageing,
Interpretative phenomenological analysis
Page 42
OPE9
PILOT STUDY ON BULLYING AND ITS
ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG THE
STUDENTS IN MALAYSIAN NATIONAL
SECONDARY SCHOOL
Vikneswaran Sabramani*, Idayu Badilla Idris,
Halim Ismail, Hanizah Mohd Yusoff,
Nornatasha Azida Anuar
Centre, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: This is a cross-sectional pilot
study on school bullying among the national
secondary school students in Malaysia.
Information on bullying, victimization, victim
turned bully and type of bullying among the
students who are the respondents were gathered
using a self-administered questionnaire. The
risk factors identified represents individual,
peer, family, school and community factors of
the students.
Methods: The questionnaires are written in
Bahasa Melayu and involve 103 items
measuring 5 domains. Approval have been
obtained from the Research Ethics Committee,
The National University of Malaysia and
Educational Planning and Research Division,
Ministry of Education Malaysia. At the pre-test
phase, content and face validity were
conducted. Thereafter, a national secondary
school in Klang Valley was chosen for the pilot
study.
Results: Upon getting the consent from the
parents, total of 360 students took part in the
study. The respondents are from the age 13 to
17 years old. Total female respondents were
57.8% compared to their male counterpart,
42.2%. Malays were the majority (70.6%),
followed by the Chinese (15.6%), Indian
(13.1%), Iban (0.3%) and others (0.6%). The
items in questions were adapted from various
sources. Reliability and validity test were
conducted for Kessler Psychological Distress
Scale (K10), Malaysian Bullying Questionnaire
and
Reactive-Proactive
Aggression
Questionnaire (RPC). The Cronbach’s Alpha
value for all domains were more than 0.80 and
Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) showed
factor loading of more than 0.40. The
Cronbach’s Alpha for the overall questionnaire
was 0.81 and EFA showed factor loading of
more than 0.40 for all the items.
Conclusion: Upon achieving the desired value
from the reliability and validity test, we have
continued now with the full scale field study
throughout Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah and
Sarawak.
Keywords: School bullying, Malaysian
national secondary school, students
OPE10
THE EFFECT OF JOB DEMANDS AND
JOB PERFORMANCE ON WORK
FAMILY CONFLICT AMONG DUAL
EARNER-PARTNER: DYADIC
ANALYSIS
Afifah Idris*, Rosnah Ismail
Centre, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Work and family can be
regarded as two important aspects in every
adult’s life. Both domains are interacted to each
other lead to conflict in marriage life. This study
aims to examine whether wife’s work-family
conflict predicted by both the husband’s and the
wife’s job demands.
Methods: A cross sectional study of 120 dyads
from various private sectors had completed selfadministered questionnaire consists of
sociodemographic part, Demand-Induced
Strain Compensation (cognitive, emotional and
physical job demands), Spielberger Trait Anger
Scale, work-family conflict questionnaire and
self-perception of job performance. Dyadic
analysis using Actor-Partner Interdependence
Model (APIM) was used to predict the effect of
the husband’s and the wife’s job demands on
Page 43
wife’s work-family conflict with two controlled
variables (service duration and anger trait). All
Likert scale score were converted into interval
data using Rasch model and Z-standardized
prior data submission into DyadR program.
Results: In this study, wife and husband had
similar characteristic in regard to age (p=0.179),
emotional demand (p=0.200) and work family
conflict (p=0.464). Husband had significantly
higher mean of job demands (cognitive and
physical) and anger trait compared to their
spouse. Husband’s job demands contribute
lesser effect (effect size: 0.14 to 0.19) compared
to wife’s job demands (effect size: 0.28 to 0.34)
in predicting wife’s work-family conflict.
Overall relationships explained by APIM are
22.9%, 23.1% and 26.4% for emotional,
cognitive and physical demands on work-family
conflict, respectively.
Conclusion: Marriage life provides mutual
influence on each other. Both the husband’s
and the wife’s job demands are significant
predictors for wife’s work-family conflict.
Keywords: Work-family conflict, dyad
analysis,
job
demands,
Actor-Partner
Interdependence Model
OPE11
HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT OF
ECTOPIC PREGNANCY-COMPARING
LAPAROSCOPIC AND OPEN
LAPAROTOMY
Aniza I1, Saperi Sulong2, Areena Yusof1*,
Jamilah Yusoff1, Norhanizam Puteh1, Gan Yan
Nee1
2. Department of Health Information, Faculty
Introduction: Studies have demonstrated that
laparoscopic surgery of ectopic pregnancy is
associated with fewer postoperative adhesions,
significantly less blood loss, less post-operative
analgesia, reduced cost, hospitalization time,
and convalescence period as compared to open
laparotomy. The aim of this study is to compare
the length of stay and complication outcomes of
open laparotomy versus laparoscopic surgery
for the management of ectopic pregnancy in
Hospital
UniversitiKebangsaan
Malaysia
(HUKM).
conducted among patients who were diagnosed
with ectopic pregnancy which were managed
with surgical intervention over a period between
January 2010 to August 2015. The information
was obtained from Health Informatics
Department HUKM using Casemixdatabase.
Results: A total of 339 out of 441 patients were
included in this study, after data cleaning based
on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data was
analysed using SPSS version 22. There is a
statistical significant difference (p-value <0.05)
in terms of complications between open
laparotomy and laparoscopic salphigectomy for
the surgical intervention of ectopic pregnancy.
Cases of ectopic pregnancy managed with open
laparotomy had significantly higher number of
complications (71.1%) as compared to cases
managed with laparoscopic surgery (28.9%).
No statistical significant differences were found
in terms of age and length of stay between the
two intervention.
Conclusion: This study concluded that among
haemodynamically stable patients, laparoscopic
approach should be more preferred as compared
to open laparotomy, as it was associated with
significantly less complications following
surgery. Future studies should be carried out in
a more comprehensive manner involving larger
study population to consider more aspects of
care regarding management of ectopic
pregnancy to ascertain the strength of this
recommendation.
Keywords: Ectopic pregnancy, laparoscopy,
laparotomy, length of stay
*For any correspondence:[email protected]
Page 44
ORAL PRESENTATION: OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH / ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
ORAL PRESENTATION
Occupational Health / Environmental Health
Page 45
OPF1
ADVERSE
RESPIRATORY
AND
CARDIOVASCULAR
EFFECTS
OF
OUTDOOR
PARTICULATE
AIR
POLLUTION IN THE ELDERLY
Norfazillah Ab Manan1*, Rozita Hod1,
Mazrura Sahani2, Rosnah Ismail1, Aniza Ismail1
2. Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti
[email protected]
Introduction: Rapid industrialization and
urbanization in developing countries has
resulted in marked increase of major air
pollutants such as Particulate matter with the
size of 10µm (PM10) and less, 2.5µm (PM 2.5).
Epidemiologic studies have shown an
association between exposure to PM and effects
on the cardiopulmonary diseases. Among the
susceptible groups are the elderly, due to the
natural and pathological ageing process. This
paper aims is to explore the cardiopulmonary
health impacts of outdoor particulate matter in
the elderly (age 65 years and above).
Methods: We performed a review of the
literature on air pollution focusing on
particulate matter and the impact on respiratory
and cardiovascular systems among the elderly.
Results: Respirable particulate matter has a
significant detrimental health effects because
they can alter the autonomic control of the heart
causing arrhythmia & cardiac ischaemia and
activate certain protein that can cause
thrombosis. An increase of ambient
concentration of PM10 could lead to increase in
cardiovascular cases seen in outpatients
department, emergency cases, hospital
admission and cardiovascular deaths among the
elderly due to stroke, heart failure, embolism
and arrhythmia. A chronic exposure of PM10
also increase the average mortality rate of the
cardiovascular illnesses among the elderly.
They are also vulnerable to asthma and chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and
experienced higher COPD mortality as
compared to other age groups.
Conclusion: Although robust economic growth
in developing countries has brought many
benefits, the adverse health consequences of
urbanization, especially pertaining to air
pollution pose major policy challenges. It is
highly crucial to mitigate the adverse health
effects, especially in vulnerable groups such as
the elderly.
Keywords: particulate air pollutant, elderly,
respiratory, cardiovascular effects
OPF2
COMMUNITY ENVIRONMENT AND
INDIVIDUAL
INFLUENCES
ON
CARDIOVASCULAR RISKS IN THE
KLANG VALLEY
Hidayatul Fariha Sulaiman*, Noor Hassim
Ismail, Khairul Hazdi Yusof, Rosnah Ismail
Centre, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Both community environment
and individual factors may influence a person to
lead the lifestyle that they choose which may or
may not lead to risk in developing non
communicable
disease
particularly
cardiovascular disease. This article aims to
determine the community environmental and
individual influences on the risks of developing
cardiovascular disease in 10 years’ time using
the Framingham risk score.
Methods:
Prospective
Urban
Rural
Epidemiology (PURE) database from Jun 2008
to Jun 2009 was used. Participants had
completed a packet of questionnaire i.e. sociodemographic and Environmental Perspective of
Community Health questionnaire. Baseline
parameters for Framingham Risk Score such as
blood pressure, body mass index and blood
Page 46
sugar were measured. Waist to hip ratio was
also examined. Multiple logistic regression was
performed using IBM SPSS version 22.
Results: A total of 416 completed data were
extracted from the database. The final model
achieved includes waist to hip ratio (p <0.001),
involvement in religious body (p 0.002), stress
at home (p 0.013), education level (p 0.001) and
employment status (p 0.001) as predictors for
high Framingham risk score. The fit of the
model was tested with Hosmer – Lemeshow
test, p = 0.230 (>0.05) and the overall correctly
classified percentage was 71.2%.
Conclusion: From the analysis for this article,
community environmental factors do not play
much role on high Framingham risk score.
However, it is seen that individual factors have
a significant association and became predictors
for high risk on cardiovascular disease in 10
years’ time.
Keywords: Cardiovascular disease, community
environment, waist to hip ratio, Framingham
Risk Score, logistic models
OPF3
PERCEPTION ON ISSUES REGARDING
CLEANLINESS,
SOLID
WASTE
MANAGEMENT
AND
PUBLIC
CLEANSING
–
A
PRELIMINARY
SURVEY AMONG PUBLIC HEALTH
STUDENTS IN A PUBLIC UNIVERSITY
IN KUALA LUMPUR
Zaleha Md. Isa, Nur Fadhilah Mohd Razib*,
Sujith Kumar Manakandan, Norfazillah Ab
Manan, Siti Hasnah Nasarudin
Centre, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Accumulation of municipal solid
waste is becoming a major public health
concern, especially in developing countries.
Improper waste management may hamper the
environment, which ultimately will destroy the
ecosystem. The main aim of this survey is to
assess the level of perception among public
health students in Universiti Kebangsaan
Malaysia Medical Centre on issues regarding
cleanliness, solid waste management and public
cleansing.
Methods: This is a survey which was
conducted among public health students in the
Department of Community Health, Universiti
Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre in
October 2015. A total of 50 respondents were
selected by using convenient sampling method.
They were assessed on socio-demographic
background, perception, knowledge, awareness
and practice of environmental cleanliness. Data
was analysed using SPSS version 22.0.
Results: Majority of the respondents felt that
the overall environmental hygiene in Malaysia
is not clean. Despite of very high level of
knowledge, majority thinks maintaining the
environmental
hygiene
is
not
their
responsibility, even though they were aware of
its importance.
Conclusion: Overall, this survey has conveyed
the perception of the highly educated population
with regards to environmental cleanliness, solid
waste management and public cleansing. More
campaign and other activities need to be
promoted to public in order to increase their
knowledge, awareness and perception towards
environmental cleanliness.
Keywords: Perception, cleanliness, solid waste
management, public cleansing
Page 47
OPF4
LESSONS
ON
ENVIRONMENTAL
HEALTH
AND
DISASTER
PREPAREDNESS,
RESPONSE
AND
RECOVERY FROM THE SEVERE
KELANTAN FLOODING IN 2014
Mohd Firdaus Mohd Radi1*, Mohd Hasni
Jaafar1, Rozita Hod1, Norfazilah Ahmad1,
Azmawati Mohamed Nawi1, Gul Muhammad
Baloch2, Rohaida Ismail3, Nur Izzah Farakhin
Ayub1, Jamal Hisham Hashim4
2. School of Medicine, Taylor’s University,
Malaysia
3. Kelantan State Health Department,
Malaysia
4. United Nations University-International
Institute for Global Health (UNU-IIGH),
Malaysia
[email protected],
[email protected]
Flood is a natural disaster that occurs annually
in Malaysia. They lead to devastating effects
and damages to property and lives, including
severe adverse public health outcomes. This
study looks into our environmental health and
disaster preparedness, response and recovery
management throughout the severe 2014
Kelantan flooding. We conducted two focus
group discussions (FGDs) with healthcare,
rescue and welfare workers involved
throughout the disaster. These two groups, each
comprising participants from the state and
district level administrations, were purposely
selected. Discussions were focused on their
experience and opinions on environmental
health and disaster management. The
unprecedented severe flooding affected our
environmental health and disaster preparedness,
response and recovery measures leading to
communication and coordination problems
along with challenges in transportation, water,
food, relocation centres, sanitation and solid
waste management. Both state and district level
staff faced these issues throughout the three
stages of disaster in different magnitudes.
Preparedness activities were widely equal for
both the state and district levels. However, state
level officers faced greater challenges in interagency communication, coordination and
collaboration. District level staff faced more
complications during disaster and emergency
response. Recommendations were made based
on the challenges and suggestions from both
groups. These include improved coordination,
effective communication, improved human
resource management, accessible early warning
system, community empowerment and
awareness, and prioritization of continuous
environmental health services. We hope that
these recommendations can improve our future
environmental health and disaster preparedness,
response and recovery management of flooding.
Keywords: flood, environmental health,
Kelantan, qualitative research
OPF5
OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS AMONG
THE
ABATTOIR
WORKERS
ASSOCIATED WITH NONCOMPLIANCE
TO THE MEAT PROCESSING AND
WASTE DISPOSAL LAWS IN MALAYSIA
Azmi Hassan1,2*, Auwalu
Norizhar Kadarman2
Abdullahi1,2,3,
1. Institute for Community Development and
Quality of Life (i-CODE), Universiti Sultan
Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Malaysia
Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA),
Malaysia
3. Department of Animal Health and
Husbandry, Audu Bako College of
Agriculture Dambatta, Nigeria
[email protected]
Introduction: Occupational hazards are the
major source of morbidity and mortality among
the animal workers due to exposure to many
hazardous situations in their daily practices.
Page 48
Occupational infections mostly contracted by
abattoir workers could be caused by iatrogenic
or by transmissible agents, including viruses,
bacteria, fungi, and parasites and the toxins
produced by these organism. This study aims to
investigate the occupational hazards among the
abattoir
workers
associated
with
noncompliance to the meat processing and
waste disposal laws in Terengganu State,
Malaysia
Methods: The methodology was based on a
cross-sectional survey using cluster sampling
technique in the four districts of Terengganu
State, Malaysia. One hundred and twenty-one
(121) abattoir workers were assessed using a
validated structured questionnaire and an
observation checklist from 5 abattoirs.
Results: The results showed that physical,
chemical,
biological,
psychosocial,
musculoskeletal and ergonomics hazards were
the major findings of this study. However, the
highest prevalence of occupational hazards
identified among the workers was injury by
sharp equipment such as a knife (20.0%), noise
exposure (17.0%) and 12.0% due to offensive
odor within the abattoir premises.
Conclusion: The major occupational hazards
encountered by the workers in the study area
were
physical,
chemical,
biological,
psychosocial, musculoskeletal and ergonomics
hazards. To ensure proper control of
occupational health hazards among the abattoir
workers,
standard
design
and
good
environmental hygiene must be taken into
consideration at all the times.
Keywords: Occupational hazards, abattoir
workers, noncompliance, meat processing,
waste disposal, laws
OPF6
TO FILTER OR NOT TO FILTER
Manakandan Sk*, Mohd Hasni Jaafar,
Norfazillah Ab Manan, Siti Hasnah Nasarudin,
Nur Fadhilah Mohd Razib,
Centre, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: A safe drinking water is essential
for a community. Cross-sectional study was
conducted in the Hulu Langat district to
compare the pH, turbidity and free chlorine
levels. Chlorine is widely used as disinfectant
for drinking water treatment. Changes in pH and
turbidity may indicate the presence of chemical
substances and also the degradation of
microorganisms in the water.
Methods: A total of 50 samples from 37
households were collected, 28 samples from tap
water and 22 samples from filtered water. About
13 household using both tap and filter water. All
of the samples were kept below room
temperature, dark place and analysed at the
same day.
Results: About 17.9% of the tap water contains
low level of chlorine, one household has high
turbidity while the pH level for each
households’ is within normal range. For filter
water, 81.8% contains only a minimal amount
of residual chlorine and some of the sample has
no trace of chlorine. Whereas, pH and turbidity
level are found to follow the standard level for
drinking water.
Conclusion: The overall assessment of the tap
and filtered water for 13 households showed
that there are a significant difference in mean
for the level of chlorine between tap and filtered
water, whereas there is no significant
differences in mean for level of turbidity and pH
for both types of water source. As conclusion,
the level of residual chlorine, pH and turbidity
of tap water is within normal range and level of
chlorine is diminished after using the filter but
no differences of pH and turbidity level.
Keywords: Tap water, filter water, residual
chlorine, pH, turbidity, drinking water
Page 49
OPF7
HUMAN LEPTOSPIROSIS CASES AND
THE
ASSOCIATING
CLIMATE
FACTORS IN SEREMBAN DISTRICT
2015
Nur Firdaus Mohd Rus1*, Rozita Hod1,
Mazrura Sahani2, Noor Khalili Mohd Ali3
2. Faculty of Health Science, Universiti
3. Negeri Sembilan State Health Department,
Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Leptospirosis is one of the
serious public health issue in Malaysia in
relation to its tropical hot and humid climate,
seasonal heavy rainfall with flooding. This is
associated with sporadic cases and outbreaks
throughout the year. In Negeri Sembilan, for the
year 2015, Leptospirosis has been one of the
five leading infectious diseases. The objective
of this study is to determine the relationship
between Leptospirosis cases and climate
variables.
Methods: This is a cross sectional study. Data
on Leptospirosis cases from year 2011-2015
was obtained from Negeri Sembilan Health
Department. The data consisted of probable and
confirmed Leptospirosis cases. Data on climate
variables namely mean weekly temperature,
mean relative humidity and mean rainfall were
obtained from Malaysian Meteorological
Department.
Results: The total reported Leptospirosis cases
for Seremban district were 11 (year 2011), 17
(2012), 72 (2013), 137 (2014), and 169 (2015).
The mean relative humidity was 71.6% (SD
8.2%). The mean temperature was 27.1 Celcius
(SD 1.9 Celcius). The main rainfall was 6.4 mm
(SD 6.3 mm) for the year 2015. Statistical
analysis using SPSS 22.0 were performed to
determine the relationship between climate
variables and number of leptospirosis cases.
Leptospirosis had increased from year 2011 to
2015. It was under reported until Ministry Of
Health issued the directive to include
Leptospirosis on the list of notifiable diseases
under the Prevention And Control Of
Communicable Diseases Act 1988.
Conclusion: This study highlighted the
importance for attentive and prompt public
health intervention.
Keywords: Human leptospirosis, relative
humidity, rainfall, temperature
OPF8
ASSOCIATION OF BLOOD GLUCOSE
AND HEAVY METALS AMONG ADULTS
IN SELANGOR
Sharul Rizan Ilias*, Mohd Hasni Ja’afar
Centre, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: The prevalence of diabetes
mellitus (DM) is in rising, especially among
adults in Malaysia. This study was aimed to
determine the association between blood
glucose with heavy metals such as arsenic,
nickel, lead, cadmium and manganese.
Methods: This is a cross sectional study that
used purposive sampling amongst adults in
Selangor. It was conducted within six months
involving all healthy adults. Enrolled
respondents
answered
a
standardized
questionnaire and about 10mls of their venous
blood was extracted and reserved in a metal-free
EDTA container and set aside in a freezer under
-220C. The finger prick technique was used for
their blood glucose. The statistically significant
level was p value of less than 0.05.
Results: A total of 271 respondents was
recruited in the study. The prevalence of high
blood glucose was 29.5%. In bivariate analysis,
factors that significantly associated with high
blood glucose was the older age group
Page 50
(p=0.005), and high blood cadmium (p=0.005).
In Multiple Logistic Regression, factors remain
significant were age group and cadmium; and fit
the final model which was assessed by
interaction,
multicolinearity,
HosmerLemeshow (p=1.0) and overall
classification percentage (70.8%).
Conclusion: This study observed high
prevalence of high blood glucose among adults
in the area, which was higher than National
Health Morbidity Survey 2015. Advanced age
and blood cadmium are significant factors for
high blood glucose. Other metals such as
arsenic, lead, nickel and manganese were not
related to blood glucose.
Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, cadmium,
arsenic, plumbum, nickel, manganese
OPF9
TRANSLATION AND PRELIMINARY
VALIDATION
OF
THE
MALAY
VERSION OF THE WORKSTYLE
SHORTFORM
MEASURE
AMONG
OFFICE WORKERS
Siti Hasmah Ilias*, Hanizah Mohd. Yusoff
Centre, Malaysia
Prevalence of Work Related Musculoskeletal
Disorders (WRMSDs) are highly reported
among visual display terminals (VDT) workers.
This condition explained by the working
characteristics of VDT workers that involves
prolong monotonous repetitive movement of
neck, hand and fingers; and awkward posture
that eventually leads to physical loading on
muscles in the back, neck, shoulder and upper
arms. Psychosocial factors such as job demand,
job control and job security also contribute to
the development of WRMSDs. Most researches
study on the VDT workers who are under same
organisation which share similar physical and
psychosocial stressors. However some of them
do not develop WRMSDs. This can be
explained by individual factors such as
workstyle. Workstyle explains the relationship
among job stress, ergonomic exposure and
WRMSDs. It is defined as behavioural,
cognitive and physiological response that can
occur in individuals to increases in work
demands. Self reported Workstyle Shortform
Measure is a tool developed to evaluate this
factor. Thus the aim of this study is to translate
and validate the Malay language version of
Workstyle Measure. This questionnaire
contains 32 questions and they are classified
into 8 subscales ; working through pain, social
reactivity at work, limited workplace support,
deadlines/pressure,
self
imposed
workpace/workload, breaks, mood, and
autonomic responses. This questionnaires are
translated into Malay Language based on back
to back translation method. The Malay
translated version of Workstyle Shortform
Measure questionnaire is distributed among
office workers. Factor analysis and construct
validity are used to validate psychometric
properties of the questionnaire. Internal
consistency is calculated to access the
reliability.
Keywords: Musculoskeletal diseases, Pain,
Psychometric, Workstyle
Page 51
POSTER PRESENTATION: EPIDEMIOLOGY / STATISTICS
POSTER PRESENTATION
Epidemiology / Statistics
Page 52
PP1
PREVALENCE
OF
INTESTINAL
PARASITIC INFECTION AND ITS
CORRELATION WITH THE TYPE OF
JOB AMONG CHILDREN IN BANTAR
GEBANG LANDFILL, BEKASI
Muhammad Khoirul Huda*, Rawina Winita
Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia,
Indonesia
[email protected]
Introduction: There are approximately 1
billion people worldwide who get infected with
intestinal parasites. Mostly, high prevalence of
such infection comes from tropical and
developing countries. The low-income society
who live in the surrounding landfill area tend to
have poor sanitation as the waste is
inappropriately managed. Due to poverty, not
only do adults work in the landfill but also
children necessitate to have a job in order to
fulfill family needs. This study aims to
determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitic
infection among children in Bantar Gebang
Landfill and its correlation with the type of job.
Methods: In May 2012, a cross sectional study
was carried out with a total of 74 children as
research subjects. The data were processed
using SPSS 17.0 with chi square and Fisher’s
exact test.
Results: The result revealed that the prevalence
of intestinal parasitic infection was 83,7%. Of
all infection, that consist of both single infection
and co-infection, 60,8% Blastocystis hominis,
33,8% Giardia lamblia, 29,7% Trichuris
trichiura, 5,4% Ascaris lumbricoides, and 1,4%
Entamoeba
histolytica.
No
significant
difference was found between intestinal
parasitic infection and the type of job (P = 0.
460) but the number of children who have a job
as waste pickers and get infected is higher (n =
45) than those who are not waste pickers and get
infected (n =17).
Conclusion:
However,
prevention
of
occupational disease must be carried out such as
giving counseling, doing routine examination,
using personal protective equipment and
prohibiting children under 14 years old to
become workers.
Keywords: Intestinal parasitic infection, type
of job, children, landfill
PP2
LEPTOSPIROSIS IN PASIR PUTEH,
KELANTAN: A PURSUING SURGE
Hafizuddin Awang1*, Zawiyah Dollah1, Ahmad
Marzuki Kassim1, Helmy Mohamad1, Izamin
Idris2
1. Pasir Puteh District Health Office,
Malaysia
Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Leptospirosis is transmitted
through contact with animal reservoirs or an
environment contaminated by their urine. A
study on associated factors is prerequisite as the
trend of cases is increasing by year in Pasir
Puteh. This study was aimed to identify the
socio-demography, clinical presentation and
environmental exposure of leptospirosis cases
and the associated factors for its prevalence and
mortality.
Methods: This study was a cross sectional
record review study. All notified cases that
fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria
from 1st of January 2011 to 31st March 2016
were included in the study. Descriptive
statistics, simple and multiple logistic
regressions were used for data analysis.
Results: A total of 253 patients were enrolled,
with mean (standard deviation) age of 31 (21)
years and male to female ratio of 2:1. Of total
sample, 83 were confirmed cases (32.8%) while
170 were probable cases (67.2%). Majority
were unemployed (27.7%). All patients had
fever, 28.9% had myalgia, 13% had abdominal
pain and 7.9% had headache. For environmental
exposure, there were 4 patients had exposure
from recreational area/waterfall (1.6%). There
were 7 leptospiosis mortalities throughout
2011-2016. Working as farmer [AOR 1.93;
95% CI: 0.13,0.85; p value = 0.043], and having
Page 53
myalgia [AOR 0.19; 95% CI: 0.09,0.37; p value
= <0.01] were the significant associated factors
for leptospirosis cases when other variables
were controlled. Whereas swimming at
recreational area [AOR 119.00; 95% CI:
10.75,1316.77; p value = <0.01] and having
dyspnea [AOR 59.50; 95% CI: 8.34,424.13; p
value = <0.01] were the significant associated
factors for leptospirosis mortalities.
Conclusion: There was high proportion of
leptospirosis cases in this district; farmer,
exposure from recreational area, distinctive
clinical presentations should aid medical
officers in diagnosing leptospirosis accurately.
Keywords:
Leptospirosis,
prevalence,
mortality
PP3
ASSOCIATION OF PSYCHOLOGICAL
STATUS AND INSOMNIA AMONG PRECLINICAL MEDICAL STUDENTS OF A
GOVERNMENT UNIVERSITY
Salmiah Md Said1*, Nurfarah Nadia Mohd
Farid2, Ng Wei Quan2, Goh Xin Ni2
of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti
Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
2. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences,
Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Insomnia or poor sleep quality is
common among university students especially
in medical students. Previous study showed that
the percentage of poor and very poor sleep
quality among medical students was 6% and 1%
respectively. Risk factors of poor sleep quality
are age, gender, socio-economic status,
behavioural, environment and psychological
factors. This study aims at determining the
association between psychological factor and
insomnia among medical students.
conducted from January, 2012 to July, 2012
among 115 pre-clinical students. Sleep quality
was measured using Pittsburg Sleep Symptom
Questionnaire - Insomnia (PSSQ-I) and
psychological status was measured by 12-item
General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). Insomnia
refers to PSSQ-I score of 15 and more. Other
independent variables that includen in this study
were socio-demographic, behavioural (smoking
and coffee intake) and environmental (noise and
light during sleeping) factors. Chi-square test
was conducted to determine the association
between psychological psychological status and
insomnia.
Results: Majority of respondents was female
(69.6%), Malays (54.8%), and Year 1 (55.7%).
The mean ± SD of age was 20.50 ± 0.63. The
percentage of insomnia was 14.8% and selfreported poor psychological status was 28.7%.
The percentage of insomnia was higher among
poor psychological status (27.3%) than good
(9.8%). There was significant association
between poor psychological status and poor
sleep quality (x2 = 5.731, df = 1, P = 0.017).
Conclusion: Poor sleep quality was important
health problem among medical students. The
student should have good psychological status
to reduce this problem.
Keywords: General Health Questionnaire
(GHQ), insomnia, medical students, PSSQ-I,
psychological status
PP4
VALIDATION
OF
PRAYING ABILITY
MUSLIM WOMEN
INCONTINENCE
(I-PA) AMONG
Dariah Mohd Yusoff1, Hanis Ismail2*, Kueh
Yee Cheng2, Syed Hatim Noor@Nyi Nyi Naing2
Methodology, School of Medical Sciences,
2. Department of Nursing, Universiti Sains
Malaysia, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Valid and reliable instrument
tools are important in measuring the effect of
Urinary Incontinence (UI) towards praying
ability among Muslim women. In this study, the
objective was on the assessment of validity and
reliability of I-PA model among Muslim
Page 54
women by Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA)
and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA).
Methods: Participants include in this study
were Muslim women under childbearing age.
Both pregnant and non-pregnant women
between 18-45 years old that attend particular
clinics at Hospital Univeriti Sains Malaysia
(HUSM) during study duration were
approached to involve in this study. The I-PA
model used in this study was in Malay-version
contains 10 items measuring spiritual. This IPA was assessed by EFA and CFA and
conducted by using SPSS version 22 and Mplus
version 7.3
Results: Based on the results of EFA, one factor
was identified in this I-PA model and
measurement of reliability by Cronbach's alpha
was 0.946. Further analysis by CFA indicated
the final model of I-PA consists one factor and
10 items with five error covariance. Final model
of I-PA was considered to display acceptable fit
for this sample in this study with value of
Comparative Fit Index (CFI)=0.971 and Tucker
Lewis Index (TLI)=0.956. The construct
validity of spiritual by Average Variance
Extracted (AVE) and Construct Reliability
(CR) indicated good convergent validity with
AVE=0.672
and
CR(95%)=0.922(0.907,
0.937).
Conclusion: This Malay-version of I-PA was
valid and reliable in measuring the effect of UI
towards praying ability among Muslim women
under childbearing age.
Keywords: Urinary Incontinence (UI), praying
ability, Muslim women, childbearing women
PP5
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH THE
MODE OF DELIVERY IN TWIN
PREGNANCY IN HOSPITAL USM
Nor Azlina Rosdi1*, Sarimah Abdullah1,
Fauziah Jummaat2, Syed Hatim Noor1
2. Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology,
School of Medical Sciences, Universiti
[email protected]
Introduction: The incidence of twin pregnancy
has been increasing in trend. The mode of
delivery in second stage can be either via
spontaneous vaginal delivery, assisted vaginal
delivery or by lower segment caesarean section.
The presentation of the first twin will determine
the type of delivery regardless the presentation
of the second twin. The objective of the study is
to determine the factors associated to the mode
of delivery in twin pregnancy in Hospital
Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian,
Kelantan.
conducted from 1st of January 2010 until 31st
December 2015. 522 medical records of twin
pregnancies were reviewed from HUSM
medical record unit. The inclusion criterias
were live births for both babies, delivered more
than 24 weeks of gestational age and weight
more than 500 grams. Babies with severe fetal
malformation or in utero fetal death were
excluded. Multinomial logistic regression was
applied for statistical analysis in this study.
Results: Among 522 twin pregnancy in medical
record in Hospital USM, 388 of twin
pregnancies were met the inclusion criterias.
230 were randomly selected in the study. The
mean age for delivery in twins was 29 years old
for all mode of delivery. There were 120 cases
(52.38%) were delivered via spontaneous
vaginal delivery (SVD) for both twins, 96 cases
(41.56%) were delivered by lower segment
caesarean section (LSCS) for both twins, and 14
cases (6.06%) were delivered by SVD for first
twin and assisted delivery for second twin
(SVD-Assisted
delivery).
The
factors
associated to LSCS-LSCS delivery for both
twin were age (p=0.027), history of vaginal
delivery (p<0.001), non cephalic presentation of
first twin (p<0.001), and type of conception
(p=0.038).
Conclusion: The noncephalic presentation in
first twin has 76.19 times chance to deliver by
LSCS-LSCS for both twin.
Keywords: Twin pregnancy, twins, mode of
delivery
Page 55
PP6
REMOVAL TIME OF IMPLANTABLE
VENOUS ACCESS PORT IN CANCER
PATIENTS AND ITS PROGNOSTIC
FACTORS OF REMOVAL DUE TO
COMPLICATIONS
Nurul Mawaddah Mohammad1*, Syed Hatim
Noor1, Siti Azrin Ab Hamid1, Sahran Yahaya2
2. Department of Orthopedic and Surgery,
School of Medical Sciences, Universiti
[email protected]
Introduction: A retrospective cohort study was
performed on cancer patients with implantable
venous access port (IVAP) in Hospital USM.
The main objective of this study was to
determine the prognostic factors that led to
IVAP removal due to complications.
Methods: A period of time between January
2008 until December 2014, medical records of
205 cancer patients that have been inserted with
IVAP and followed-up at least one cycle of
chemotherapy treatment in Hospital USM were
reviewed retrospectively. Data collected
included the socio-demographics, co-morbidity
factors, surgical reports and clinical factors.
Survival status and duration were determined
with one year of follow-up until 31st December
2015. Data entry was entered into the SPSS
version 22. The data was then transferred into
Stata SE version 11 for data analysis. The
Kaplan Meier was used to determine removal
estimate whereas the Log-Rank test and Cox
proportional hazards regression model were
performed for univariable and multivariable
analysis of the variables respectively.
Results: With the mean time of 16.02 months
and standard deviation of 18.44 months
(minimum: 0, maximum: 90), the overall
complications were 28 cases (13.7%) with 17
(8.3%) removals of the port systems. The
significant prognostic factors that were
associated with the IVAP removal due to
complications were the kidney disease (adjusted
Hazard ratio (aHR) 8.33, 95% Confidence
Interval (CI) 2.78, 24.90; p<0.001) and
radiotherapy treatment (adjusted Hazard ratio
(aHR) 5.25, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.44,
19.11; p=0.012).
Conclusion: The cancer patients with kidney
disease and those cancer patients who were not
indicated for radiotherapy treatment had the
higher risk of IVAP removal due to
complications. Identification of prognostic
factors of IVAP removal would help to prevent
the complications associated with kidney
disease that for prevention of complications as
well as better management. In addition, it would
highlight the role of radiotherapy in prognosis
of cancer patients unless it is contraindicated.
Keywords: Cancer patients, implantable
venous access port (IVAP), prognostic factors
of IVAP removal
PP7
DETERMINANTS
FOR
ALCOHOL
CONSUMPTION ON STUDENT IN
SPECIAL REGION OF YOGYAKARTA INDONESIA
Niko Yuandi, Pariawan Lutfi
Maftuhah Nurbeti
Ghazali*,
Department of Public Health, Faculty of
Medicine, Islamic University of Indonesia,
Indonesia
[email protected]
Introduction: Yogyakarta is a student city,
which became one of the destinations for the
Indonesian people, to go to college. There are
138 universities and 154 676 students.
Modernization and globalization encourage
behavior that used to be taboo, such as the
consumption of alcoholic beverages. One of the
groups that showed rising in the consumption of
alcohol is a student. The objective is to
investigate the determinants of alcohol
consumption on students in Yogyakarta.
Methods: This study used a qualitative method
with a case study with phenomenology
approach. The data collection is done by in-
Page 56
depth interviews and observation. Informants in
this study were students enrolled at one of the
universities, and who have or still consume
alcohol. Sampling was done purposively by
snowballing method. The validity of the data
used the method of triangulation of sources, by
a close friend and sellers of alcoholic beverage
consumed. Data processed by domain analysis
and themes, with the reduction, indexing,
coding, and categorizing.
Results: In-depth interviews conducted on 7
sources, namely 4 drinkers, 2 former drinkers,
and 1 seller of alcoholic beverages. Analysis of
the data conclude that the determinants of
alcohol consumption on students in Yogyakarta
are friends influence, teens, views or mistaken
beliefs, level of religiosity, personality, family,
home environment, school environment,
personal problems, and financial.
Conclusion: Consumption of alcohol on
students in Yogyakarta is affected by
multifactorial, with the influence of peers as the
dominant factor.
Keywords: Determinants, alcohol, student
PP8
DIABETIC
COUNSELING
CENTRE
UKMMC: RESOURCEFUL VENTURE
Marzaita MY*, Mazriazie MI, Zalena MN,
Ahmad Arif H, Faiz D
Centre, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Diabetic Counseling Centre
(DCC) is one of the services given in University
Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical
Centre
(UKMMC). It provides information about
diabetes and patients’ diabetes monitoring. The
objective is to identify the patient education
practices provided at the DCC.
Methods: Four post-graduate students posted to
the DCC observed the counseling session given
by five diabetic educators. A total of five
consultations were observed; four of them in
diabetic counseling centre; one was given in the
ward.
Results: All counseling sessions involved
reading-through patients’ self monitoring blood
glucose diary trend of HbA1c level, medication
taking, dietary and exercise habits and insulin
injection technique. The session conducted in
an informal and interactive way to help patients
obtain the knowledge for effective self
management of their diabetes. Patients are
given follow up every two months. However,
patients can opt to walk in for counseling earlier
if there are any issues. The efficacy of the
service depends on three domains; 1) an
efficient system, 2) effective delivery by
diabetic educator; and 3) patients’ commitment
and compliance to the service. The current
system provides the service to all patients
including newly diagnosed as well as longstanding and complicated cases. The diabetic
educators should be well trained with
communication skills and updated knowledge.
The involvement of family members should be
encouraged by the diabetic educator as a part of
social support.
Conclusion: DCC is an important resource
centre for patient education specifically for
diabetics. It should be implemented in all
hospitals and extended to health clinics at the
primary care settings.
Keywords: Diabetic Counseling Centre (DCC),
patient education, patients’ diabetes monitoring
PP9
LOOSE VALUE MINDLESS LIFE:
CULTIVATING
RECYCLING
BEHAVIOUR AT WORKPLACE
Siti Hasmah I, Humadevi S*, Faiz D
Centre, Malaysia
[email protected]
Page 57
In Malaysia, recycling program has been widely
initiated and implemented since the year 1993.
It is targeted that Malaysia waste recycle rate is
at 22% by year 2020, however we are farfetched from that which currently hovers around
10.5%. The objective of this paper is to discuss
on the theories and factors that influence
recycling behaviour at workplace. Positive
findings revealed recycling at the workplace are
rapidly emerging and becoming more common,
especially among the developed countries. Such
workplaces emphasize initiatives to maintain
high recycling rate and constantly looking for
ways to reduce waste disposal costs and
continue to operate in an environmentally
sustainable way. The Theory of Planned
Behavior provides a theoretical framework for
systematically identifying the factors that
influence waste separation. The key factor of
cultivating recycling behaviour is the intention
to minimize and separate waste which is
positively influenced by the attitude, subjective
norm and perceived behaviour control. The
factors
are
broadly
grouped
under
demographics, psychological, situational and
personal factors. These factors may serve as
predictors, motivators and barriers to workplace
waste recycling. Top management support is a
good starting point followed by proper and
smooth
recycling
waste
management.
Convenient recycling facility and bin location
contributes to an effective workplace recycling
program. Malaysia would require strong
political will to implement recycling activities
at workplaces, both in government and private
sectors. In conclusion, cultivating recycling
behaviour at workplace could be the solution of
creating recycling behaviour of the Malaysian
population.
Keywords: Recycle, recycling, workplace
PP10
BREAST SELF SCREENING AMONG
UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN MALAYSIA
Mohd Rohaizat Hassan*, Hasanain Faisal
Ghazi, Ahlam S. Mohamed, Nazarudin Safian,
Saladina Jaszle Jasmin
Centre, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Breast Self-Examination (BSE)
is a self screening process whereby women
examine their breasts regularly to detect any
abnormal lump. This study aimed to investigate
the knowledge and practice of BSE among
university students.
conducted using self-administered and
validated questionnaire among 364 female nonmedical students in UKM, Bangi, Selangor,
Malaysia.
Results: The results showed that only 37.1%
performs BSE and 45% of the students have
good knowledge. Age, marital status, using
internet and pamphlets as source of information,
personal, and family history of BC, were
significantly associated with knowledge level of
students. Practice of BSE was significantly
associated with knowledge level. From
multivariable analysis, BSE was more likely to
be done among students with family history
(AOR=11.93, 95% CI: 4.79-29.68), students
who using internet (AOR=3.34, 95% CI: 1.786.28) and pamphlet (AOR=3.26, 95% CI: 1.756.09) as sources of information, also among
students with good knowledge (AOR=18.42,
95% CI: 9.67-35.11).
Page 58
Conclusion: In conclusion, the knowledge and
practice of BSE are still low among the
respondents, thus the need for more continuing
educational programs.
Keywords: Knowledge, practice, Breast SelfExamination (BSE), Universiti Kebangsaan
Malaysia, Malaysia.
PP11
VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY TEST OF
BILINGUAL (BAHASA MALAYSIA AND
ENGLISH)
VERSION
OF
THE
DEPRESSION ANXIETY AND STRESS
SCALES (DASS-21) AMONG BREAST
CANCER PATIENTS
Nurasyikin Zakaria1, Fuad Ismail2, Hazli
Zakaria3, Mohd Nahar Azmi4, Rohaizak
Muhammad5, Ruzita Abd. Talib6, Syed Zulkifli
Syed Zakaria7, Zaleha Md Isa8*
1. Allied Health Science College Sg. Buloh,
2. Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology,
Faculty of Medicine, Chancellor Tuanku
Muhriz Hospital, Universiti Kebangsaan
Malaysia Medical Centre, Malaysia
3. Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of
4. Department of Sport Medicine, Universiti
Malaya, Malaysia
5. Department of Surgery, Faculty of
6. Department of Nutrition, Faculty of
7. Department of Paediatric, Faculty of
Introduction: Questionnaire validated for
specific group of respondents in every research
process is really important. The aim of this
study was to validate the Depression Anxiety
Stress Scales 21-item (DASS-21) bilingual
(Bahasa Malaysia and English) version among
breast cancer patients. The objective is to
determine the reliability and construct validity
of the short-form bilingual version of DASS-21
based on internal consistency and confirmatory
factor analysis.
Methods: The DASS-21 was administered to a
total of 30 breast cancer patients. Subjects were
recruited from WhatsApp cancer support group
from all over Peninsular Malaysia.
Results: The DASS-21 has a good Cronbach’s
alpha value for subscale depression (0.81),
anxiety (0.76) and stress (0.84). For construct
validity, it also has a good factor loading values
from 0.64 to 0.85. Exploratory Factor Analysis
(EFA) shows each subdomain has a high value
for depression (0.79), anxiety (0.65) and stress
(0.76). There were 2 new subdomains formed
for each subscale. Depression subscale formed
the subdomains negative thought and give - up
(loading factor of 0.8, 0.76) respectively.
Anxiety subscale formed the subdomains
biology effect and panic (loading factor of 0.85,
0.85) respectively. Stress subscale formed the
subdomains restless and sensitive (loading
factor of 8.86, 0.83) respectively.
Conclusion: DASS-21 has a good reliability
and easily understood by the subjects. Its
validity is also good, therefore suitable to be
used among the Malaysian breast cancer
population.
Keywords: Depression, anxiety, stress,
reliability, validity, EFA, analysis, breast cancer
Page 59
POSTER PRESENTATION: FAMILY HEALTH / SOCIAL WORK
POSTER PRESENTATION
Family Health / Social Work
Page 60
PP12
INCIDENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF
FUNCTIONAL
LIMITATION
AND
PHYSICAL
DISABILITY
AMONG
COMMUNITY DWELLING ELDERLY IN
KUALA PILAH, MALAYSIA
Norliana Ismail1,2*, Farizah Hairi1,3 , Claire
CWY1,3 , Noran N Hairi1,3 , Sajaratulnisah
Othman3, Tan MP3, Devi Peramalah1,3 , Bulgiba
AM1,3 , Zainudin Mohd Ali4, Suriyati Abd Aziz4,
Rohaya Ramli4, Zaiton Lal Mohamad4, Sharifah
Nor Ahmad5, Inayah Abd Razak5
Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Malaysia
2. Ministry of Health, Malaysia
3. Julius Centre University of Malaya
(JCUM), Universiti Malaya, Malaysia
4. Negeri Sembilan State Health Office,
Malaysia
5. Kuala Pilah District Health Office,
Malaysia
and elderly with severe cognitive impairment
(aRR 3.5, 95%CI 1.1, 10.7). Female (aRR 3.9,
95%CI 2.4, 6.2), advanced age (≥75 years: aRR
2.9 95%CI 1.7, 5.0), low educational level (aRR
4.9, 95%CI 2.4, 9.9), living alone (aRR 2.2,
95%CI 1.1, 4.2) and low physical activity level
(aRR 1.8, 95%CI 1.2, 3.0) were significantly
associated with physical disability.
Conclusion: The findings from the present
study are important for our health care
professionals in order to identify elderly at risk
of developing physical disability and functional
limitation, thus appropriate prevention and
intervention strategies can be outlined.
Keywords: Community-dwelling older adults,
prevalence, risk factors, functional limitation,
disability
PP13
SEXUAL
HEALTH
AND
AGING
POPULATION
IN
MALAYSIA:
A
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
[email protected]
Introduction: The objective of the study was to
investigate the incidence and risk factors of
functional limitation and physical disability
among community dwelling elderly in Kuala
Pilah, Malaysia.
Methods:
A
population-based
study
comprising 2,405 elderly aged 60 years and
above. Data was collected by face to face
interview at baseline and twelve months of
follow up. Participants underwent test of
functional limitation using the 4-metres walking
speed test. Self-reported activities of daily
living (ADL) and instrumental activities of
daily living (IADL) for measurement of
physical disability were assessed by 6-items of
Katz’s ADL and 8-items of Lawton’s IADL.
Results: The overall incidence of functional
limitation, ADL and IADL disability was
38.4% (95% CI 34.8, 42.2), 4.8% (95% CI 3.9,
5.9) and 24.8% (95% CI 22.5, 27.4). Variables
independently associated with functional
limitation were advanced age (≥70 years:
adjusted RR 2.3, 95%CI 1.2, 4.2), low
educational level (aRR 4.2, 95%CI 1.3, 13.7)
Institute For Health Behavioral Research,
Ministry of Health Malaysia, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Sexual health is important and
significant across lifespan but limited studies
looking at its significance among aging
population in Malaysia. The objective of this
study is to review the published research on
sexual health among aging population in
Malaysia in terms of methodological
approaches and findings.
Methods: Identified 30 studies using online
database with search from year 2005 to 2016.
Inclusion criteria includes published empirical
studies on sexual health among adults and aging
population in Malaysia on main theme such as
study design, subject, and findings.
Results: All studies utilizing quantitative
approaches which indicated the prevalence,
magnitude of the problem, predictors and its
association with other factors. Except one study
utilizes qualitative methods to measure sexual
satisfaction. Most studies applied cross-
Page 61
sectional in their research design except one
study using case control study. Subjects are
mostly older men/women and patients with
multiple comorbidities attending clinics or
hospital. Location of the studies includes
various clinics, hospital and districts in
Peninsular Malaysia and applying various
sampling procedures. For studies that focus on
aging population among women, their findings
indicated that sexual dysfunction is related to
older age/low education/type of menopause,
higher among premenopausal women with
diabetes and low among obese women. Other
findings among women indicated that orgasmic
dysfunction is higher among diabetic Malay,
have an active satisfying sexual life even though
had spinal cord injury and aging
process/menopause affect sexuality. Among
men, findings indicated that sexual dysfunction
is associated with lower urinary tract symptoms
and abnormal testosterone level.
Conclusion: Most studies focused on sexual
dysfunction among older women with multiple
comorbidities as compared to men.
Keywords: Sexual health, aging population
PP14
WRONG HEALTH PERCEPTION OF
ANTI-VACCINE, THE FALLACY OF
JUDGEMENT
Sharul Rizan Ilias*, Muhammad Naím Mat
Salleh, Faiz Daud
Centre, Malaysia
Introduction: A new postmodern paradigm of
healthcare has emerged, where individuals turn
to the Internet for vaccination advice; such
sources can impact vaccination decisions. It is
likely that anti-vaccine websites and social
media can influence whether people vaccinate
themselves or their children. Vaccine hesitancy
prevalence has increased globally and Malaysia
has experienced a reduction in vaccination
coverage for measles. Therefore the incidence
of the vaccine preventable diseases like measles
has skyrocketed from 195 cases in 2013 to 602
cases in 2015. We aimed to analyse the
underlying factors which contributed to the
increase of vaccine hesitancy among parents
and to recommend strategies to combat the
paradox of vaccine hesitancy in Malaysia.
Methods: Internet search using keywords antivaccine, vaccine hesitancy, vaccine conspiracy
from Google Malaysia search. The search
results include source from social media, blog
and newspaper report.
Results: Common factors associated with the
vaccine hesitancy revolve around 5 domains
which includes 1) safety and effectiveness 2)
conspiracy theories 3) civil liberties 4) morality,
religion, and ideology 5) misinformation and
falsehoods. Strategy involves individual
counselling, religious decree from Majlis Fatwa
Kebangsaan, official statement from Ministry
of Health, campaigns on social media and
television, gazettement and enforcement of new
laws to counter vaccine hesitancy.
Conclusion: We require new approaches and
strategies to understand this new paradox and to
encounter vaccine hesitancy in our Malaysian
community.
Keywords: Anti-vaccine, vaccine hesitancy,
Malaysia, social media, conspiracy
[email protected]
Page 62
Norzaher I*, Syafiq T, Faiz D
Conclusion: Prevention of incest requires
cohesive effort from multiple agencies. Incest is
a crime that must not be silenced.
Keywords: Incest, inappropriate sexual activity
within the family, unreported
Centre, Malaysia
PP16
EFFECTIVENESS OF SCHOOL YOUNG
DOCTOR PROGRAM IN MEDAN AREA
SUBDISTRICT, MEDAN INDONESIA
[email protected]
Pinta Pudiyanti Siregar*, Rosnah Sutan
PP15
SILENCE OF THE LUSTFUL MIND:
LIVING WITH SATANS
Introduction: Incest is an inappropriate sexual
activity within the family; are amongst under
reported crimes which occur most frequently.
The crime goes unreported because it is initiated
by someone the child loves and trusts. The study
aim is to explore more about the current issue,
statistics, factors and strategies to handle incest
crime.
Methods: Exploring social media, papercut
information, public forums and medical articles
input about the situation, factors and strategies
dealing with incest crime.
Results: Victims do not report cases of incest as
it may cause further damage to the family as
they are being threatened. The child kept silent
as they assume it is a normal behaviour. In
reality, the victims of incest may involve in
other social problems such as drugs and
prostitutions. Multifactorial causes of incest
were identified including poor housing policy,
effect of urbanization and media social
influence. Strategies to prevent incest crime
include enforcement of acts and heavier
punishments. Strengthening of parenthood
knowledge, responsible and awareness during
pre-marriage counselling are believed to have
major impact in prevention of incest. Strategies
dealing with incest must include pre-incident,
during-incident and post incident of incest.
These strategies should embrace prevention,
protection and rehabilitation of the victims.
Such activities are restriction in social media,
good moral practise, better access to One Stop
Crisis Centre (OSCC) and introducing sex
education at secondary school level.
Centre, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: The aim of this study was to
assess knowledge and practise among school
children participated in the young doctor
program in their schools and to explore
perception of their parents and the schools
principals on the young doctor program.
Methods: An interventional study was
conducted in Medan Area Sub district, Medan
Indonesia for period of 1 year. The intervention
group respondents were
using universal
sampling method to sample the school children
who had participated in the young doctor
program at schools for at least 6 months, which
including their parents and the school
principals. The controls group respondents
were sampling using simple random sampling
from schools who did not participated in the
program. Calculated sample size needed were
136 young doctors, 136 parents and 4 school
principals. The response rate was 63 % for
intervention and control groups. Guided selfadministered questionnaire was used which
covered the demographic, knowledge on
healthy life style, practise on healthy lifestyle
and promoting health education to peers. The
questionnaire used for parents and the school
principals were focus on demographic and
perceived benefit of young doctor program.
Results: The intervention group shows high
knowledge level (76.7% vs 56.6%, p=0.013),
Page 63
high good practice and promoting health
education to peers (18.6% vs 0%). There were
73.0% of parents from intervention group
perceived benefit of the program and all
principals of intervention group expressed
benefit of the study to schools.
Conclusion: Effort in implementing young
doctor program has shown fruitful as it able to
improve school children knowledge and
practice on healthy lifestyle. Promoting peers
towards healthy lifestyles using available health
educations has been documented only in
intervention group. Perceived benefit of the
program will promote feasibility of the
implementation of this program at school.
Keywords: Young doctor program, healthy life
styles, effective
PP17
THE ASSOCIATION OF INTERNET
USAGE WITH BODY COMPOSITIONS
AMONG ADOLESCENTS IN MALAYSIA
Nurul Haniza MY1*, Tin Tin Su1, Nabilla Al
Sadat1, Liam Murray2, Marie Cantwell2,
Muhammad Yazid Jalaludin3, Karuthan
Chinna1, Maznah Dahlui1, Hazreen Abdul
Majid1
1. Centre for Population Health (CePH),
Department of Social and Preventive
Malaya, Malaysia
2. Centre for Public Health, Queen’s
University of Belfast, Belfast, Ireland,
United Kingdom
3. Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of
Medicine, University of Malaya, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: This study explored the
prevalence of internet usage among adolescents
in Malaysia and identified the association of
socio-demographic
characteristic
with
involvement in the internet. This study also
explored the association of time spent in
internet with body compositions (body mass
index, body fat percentage and waist
circumference) among adolescents in Malaysia.
Methods: This is a cross sectional study which
used secondary data from second phase data
collection of MyHeART Study in 2014.
Participants were 1231 students (15-years old)
attending 15 public secondary schools from the
Kuala Lumpur, Selangor and Perak. Sampling
was done by using two stage cluster sampling
design. Collected data included measurement of
height, weight, body fat composition, waist
circumference
and self administered
questionnaires.
Results: The prevalence of adolescents who use
internet was 94.4%. But only 60.2% of the
internet users, use the internet daily. Being
Malay and Chinese were found to be
significantly associated with involvement in the
internet compared to Indian ethnicity. Living in
the urban area was found to be significantly
associated with daily used of internet compared
to those who lived in rural area. Being Chinese
was found to be significantly associated with
daily use of internet compared to Indian
ethnicity. Findings from bivariate analysis,
indicate that participants who used internet ≥
2hours daily was less likely than who used
internet < 2 hours to have overweight and obese
BMI and to have high body fat. Multivariate
analysis found that participants who used
internet ≥ 2hours daily was less likely than who
used internet < 2 hours to have high body fat.
Conclusion: Daily involvement in internet was
found to be beneficial for body fat composition
among adolescents in Malaysia.
Keywords: Internet usage, adolescents, body
compositions, time spent in internet
Page 64
PP18
PSYCHOLOGICAL
IMPACT
OF
INFERTILITY AMONG MALAYSIAN
INFERTILE COUPLES (MEN AND
WOMEN)
Noor Izni Mohamed Shapie1,2*, Nik Daliana
Nik Farid2
1. Ministry of Health, Malaysia
Malaya, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Childbearing is an imperative
element of human life and being accepted
nearly by all cultures worldwide. In fact,
infertility is not only seems as ‘a disease of
reproductive system’ but it usually results in
negative reactions, disabilities and impairment
of quality of life.Thus, this condition may create
a major life crisis.In reality, infertility has
become a major triggering factor to the
development of psychosocial ailment in the
general population. Internationally, there are
various studies done revealed that infertility is
consistently linked with negative psychological
reactions such as depression, anxiety, guilt
feeling, social isolation, mood disorders,
decreased self-esteem and deterioration of
general wellbeing in both gender. In Malaysia,
despite of high incidence of infertility cases,
there is still a scarcity of literatures focusing on
Malaysian infertile couples. The purpose of this
study is to investigate the psychological impact
of infertility among Malaysian infertile men and
women.
conducted
using
self-administered
of
Depression, Anxiety, Stress scale (DASS-21)
questionnaires among Malaysian infertile men
and women in the subfertility clinic of ‘National
Population and Family Development Board’
(LPPKN), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia..
Results: Infertile women tend to report
significantly higher level of depression, anxiety
and stress as compared to infertile men
(p<0.05). The study reveals that Malaysian
infertile men and women demonstrate the
susceptibility to psychological anguish that
occurs more commonly among women than
men.
Conclusion: The findings highlight the
significant in addressing psychologicalaspect of
infertile coupleswhich often being ignored
during management of infertility cases. Thus,
this study may facilitate government authority
to strategize and redesign better intervention for
the infertile couples.
Keywords: Infertility, infertile couples,
psychological impact
PP19
IRRELEVANT
IRRATIONAL
TABOO
PARTUM PRACTICES
TRADITION:
IN
POST-
Siti Nor Mat*, Suliana Mohamad Shuib, Faiz
Daud
Centre, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Postpartum period is recognized
as a special time in many societies and are
associated with special rituals and customs. In
Malay tradition, postpartum period or ‘pantang’
is strongly connected to cultural beliefs and
traditional practices which aim to return the
well-being and safety of mothers and babies.
Methods: A few practices were modified to suit
the context and needs of new mothers without
putting aside the importance and relevance of
the postpartum practices that has been followed
over generations. Postpartum practices
identified as harmful are:1)Diet which limits
water and fibre intake may lead to increased risk
of dehydration and constipation 2)Limitation of
movement may develop venous thrombosis and
3)Taking ‘jamu’ which may attribute to
excessive warmth and neonatal jaundice.
Results: Strategies to deal with these problems
include:(1)Rationalization-Most fruits and
vegetables are considered ‘cold’ in traditional
Page 65
postpartum diet. Dietary intervention should
focus on promoting more acceptable fruits and
vegetables (eg: tamarind, turmeric root, ginger,
red dates and apples) (2)Innovation-Massage
and hot compress (‘tungku’) are considered
potentially beneficial. Training among
postpartum carers should be frequently updated.
(3)Interpretation-Enhancing education and
awareness
among
public,
healthcare
professionals and policy makers regarding
importance of interpreting societal beliefs and
practices in order to promote culturally sensitive
healthcare interventions in getting better
cooperation & mutual understanding among
patients.
Conclusion: Traditional postpartum care is still
prevalent in many parts of the world. Generally,
close support during confinement is the most
important aspect of postpartum care as it is
proven beneficial for better healing. Postpartum
practices that do not contradict health; such as
‘tungku’, massage, eating ‘hot’ food; are still
relevant and could be continued.
Keywords: Taboo, traditional, Malay,
postpartum
PP20
LIVING IN THE DARK: POOR
FINANCIAL PRACTICES LEADING TO
FEEBLE ELDERLY HEALTH
Hidayatul Fariha Sulaiman*, Nur Firdaus
Mohd Rus, Faiz Daud
Centre, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Health and wealth are
interrelated to one another. As health and
medical facilities improves, there have been
tremendous improvements in life expectancy.
In 2015, life expectancy for Malaysian male
was 72.5 years and 77.4 years for females. More
elderly in Malaysia are now struggling
financially in their golden years.
Methods: A study conducted by the National
Population Family Development of Malaysia in
2014 showed 42% elderly (60 years and above)
in Malaysia have inadequate savings, while
21% need to continue working in order to
support their end meets. Chronic and
degenerative disease such as osteoarthritis sets
in as ageing occur.
Results: A total knee replacement surgery is
common among the elderly suffering from
osteoarthritis with treatment cost ranging
between RM 6,000 to RM 11,000 per
procedure. Lack of savings during the younger
years, mandatory retirement and declining
support are problems to the elderly as their
dependency on healthcare services increases
throughout their remaining years. Malaysia
need to look at this matter seriously and start
educating its citizen on good financial practices
since young. Schools and tertiary education
proves pivotal platform in disseminating core
financial management practices. It is beneficial
for the Ministry of Health to collaborate with
other governmental sectors and private agencies
in creating effective policies and programs with
the same objective of ensuring financial
independence and security in the old age.
Conclusion: Good financial practices will lead
to good financial and physical well being of the
elderly. Start saving from young!
Keywords: Financial practices, security in the
old age, elderly health
Page 66
PP21
IDENTIFICATION OF RESEARCH GAPS
RELATED
TO
MATERNAL
AND
NEONATAL HEALTH BY PREGNANCY
LIFE
STAGES
IN
PROPOSALS
REGISTERED BY THE MALAYSIAN
RESEARCH AND ETHICS APPROVAL
DATABASES FROM 2008-2013
Kamilah Muhammad Amir*, Rosnah Sutan
Centre, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Areas of research especially in
the medical field is vast. In the maternal and
neonatal areas alone, many researches can be
done based on the different pregnancy life
stages. This study aims at identifying research
gaps related to maternal and neonatal health
conducted in Malaysia.
Methods: A systematic search was conducted
on 2 sets of Malaysian research application
databases. The databases are the UKMMREC,
an institutional and the NMRR database, a
national registry. Both databases register
research proposals submitted for ethics
approval. Systematic searching of research
titles using identified keywords based on
pregnancy life stages were run using Microsoft
Excel.
Results: From 2008-2013, there were a total of
2,082 research titles from the UKMMREC
database and 4,192 from the NMRR database.
In the UKMMREC database, 540 (25.9%) titles
were related to maternal and neonatal health,
and there were 849 (20.3%) such titles in the
NMRR database. The relevant research titles
were further sub-grouped into different
pregnancy life stages. Larger proportions of
research titles were found in the antenatal,
postnatal, neonatal and children under 5
subgroups in both UKMMREC and NMRR
databases but the premarital, prepregnancy and
interpregnancy, and intrapartum subgroups
resulted in fewer studies.
Conclusion: These findings suggested the
existence of research gaps in certain areas of the
pregnancy life stages and future applicants
should take up the challenge of covering areas
that are still lacking.
Keywords: Maternal and neonatal health,
pregnancy life stages, research gaps
PP22
THE INFLUENCE OF FAMILY
INTERACTION AND PARENTING
BEHAVIOURS
ON
SEXUAL
INTENTION IN MALE AND FEMALE
YOUTHS
Noor Azimah M1, Kamilah MA2*, Rahmah
MA3, Khairani O4, Shamsuddin K2
1. Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of
3. Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences,
Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin,
Malaysia
4. Department of Family Medicine,
Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sains
Islam Malaysia, Malaysia
[email protected]
Page 67
Introduction: Male youths are more
adventurous compared to female youths and
this includes their involvement in premarital
sexual activities. This paper aimed to
determine the gender difference in the
influence of family interaction and
parenting behaviours on youth sexual
intention.
Methods: A cross sectional survey was
conducted among randomly selected
unmarried college students in the Klang
Valley. Data from 422 males and 566
females aged 18 to 22 years were analysed
and logistic regression analysis was used to
determine the influence of family
interactions (family connectedness, family
modelling behaviour and parent-youth
communication on sex) and parenting
behaviours (care, control, allowance of
autonomy and monitoring) on youth sexual
intention.
Results: In this study, 18% male youths and
1.4% female youths had sexual intention. In
male youths, having high maternal control
(OR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.03-1.38) and family
modelling behaviour (OR: 2.25, 95% CI:
1.19-4.25) increased their odds of having
sexual intention while having high parentyouth communication on sex (OR: 0.89,
95% CI: 0.81-0.99) reduced their odds of
having sexual intention. As for female
youths, the protective factor was having
high level of family connectedness (OR:
0.76, 95% CI: 0.59-0.97).
Conclusion: The influence of family
behaviours on youth sexual decision varies
across gender. Parents should be informed
of the importance of parent-youth
communication on sex especially with their
sons and the importance of strengthening
their family connectedness with their
daughters in preventing youth sexual
intention. Parents especially mothers need
to be informed of the dangers of being overcontrolling, and the negative influence of
family modelling behaviours on youth
sexual intention.
Keywords:
Parenting,
family
connectedness, communication, modelling
behaviours, sexual intention
PP23
ASSESSMENT OF MICRONUTRIENTS
AND
HEALTH
STATUS
AMONG
ELDERLY
IN
HULU
LANGAT,
SELANGOR
Tay S.B1, Wong S.K1, Rahamzan N.A1, Tiong
H.C1, Chin C.H1, Nazri M.Z*, Tan T.L1, Idris
I.D2, Rozaina M.Z2, Aishah W.N2, Hasni M.J2
1. Undergraduate scholar, Department of
Community Health, Faculty of Medicine,
Centre, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: The elderly are at greater risk for
nutritional deficiencies due to physiological and
psychological changes. The nutritional
requirement of elderly is an area of great interest
as there is a paucity of studies on the
micronutrient needs of the elderly. A crosssectional study was carried out to access
micronutrients and health status among elderly
in Hulu Langat, Selangor, Malaysia. The aims
of the present study were to observe the
relationship of micronutrient (calcium,
magnesium and sodium), serum LDL, rapid
glucose, haemoglobin level with the associated
underlying diseases and food intake, among
elderly.
Methods: A total of 32 respondents were
selected using a convenience sampling method.
Data was collected via structured questionnaire
adapted from National-Health-and-NutritionalExamination-Survey, USA with verbal
Page 68
interview and blood sampling. The respondents
were all Malays aged between 60-82 years
(62.6% male, 37.4% female).
Results: The results showed that elderly
females tend to have higher LDL
(mean=3.73mmol/L, SD= ±0.96mmol/L) than
male (mean=2.90mmol/L, SD= ±0.96mmol/L).
Elderly who have underlying diabetes tend to
have a lower blood magnesium level
(mean=0.80mmol/L, SD= ±0.19mmol/L).
There was a moderate, strong and negative
linear relationship between magnesium level
and fasting blood glucose level (r = -0.56,
p<0.001). Elderly with the underlying
cardiovascular disease tend to have a higher
blood sugar level (mean=8.02mmol/L,
SD=±1.82mmol/L). Those who consumed high
frequency of red meat had higher blood glucose
level (mean=7.25mmol/L, SD= ±2.08mmol/L)
and
lower
the
magnesium
level
(mean=0.84mmol/L, SD= ±0.13mmol/L).
There was a significant association between
intake of red meat, serum magnesium level with
the risk of getting diabetes mellitus (p<0.05).
The study also indicated that those who
consumed eggs more frequently had lower
blood glucose level (mean=5.91mmol/L, SD=
±0.74mmol/L).
Conclusion: In conclusion, the research
showed that 9.4% elderly in Hulu Langat had
micronutrient deficiencies with regard to
calcium, magnesium and sodium levels. The
results of the present study imply that intake of
red meat as categorized by low levels of
magnesium should be taken as a precautionary
measure.
Keywords: Calcium, elderly, sodium, health
status, magnesium, red meat
PP24
FACTORS
THAT
AFFECT
THE
PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING OF
THE HOMELESS PERSONS IN KUALA
LUMPUR
Nurkhaidaratul Abdul Halik*, Idayu Badilla
Idris
Centre, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: According to previous studies,
homeless population are frequently affected by
some form of mental health problems. This is a
cross-sectional study conducted to investigate
the overall psychological well-being among 179
homeless persons in Kuala Lumpur.
Methods: Respondents were interviewed using
the GHQ-12 questionnaire to measure
psychological well-being while DASS
(Depression Anxiety Stress Scales) explored the
specific emotional symptoms that affect the
respondent’s
psychological
well-being.
Approval to conduct the study was obtained
from UKM Medical Centre Ethics Committee.
Analysis was done using simple and multiple
regression test.
Results: The respondent include 179 homeless
persons in the city of Kuala Lumpur. Almost
37% percent of the respondents were within the
age 31 and 40 years of age while 41% were not
working. Results of this study showed that
48.6% of the respondents had low level of
psychological well-being. There was a
statistically significant relationship between not
working and low level of psychological wellbeing (p <0.033). In terms of emotional
symptoms, there was also a statistically
significant relationship between stress and
depression with low level of psychological
well-being (p value <0.0452 and <0.032
respectively).
Page 69
Conclusion: The working status, depression
and stress were associated with low level of
psychological well-being among homelessness
persons in Kuala Lumpur. The findings from
this study may justify the need of intervention
such as mental health services for homeless
persons in this country to enhance their
psychological well-being as well as to prevent
further undesirable short and long term
complications and other untoward events.
Keywords: Homeless population, mental
health problems, psychological well-being
Page 70
POSTER PRESENTATION: NUTRITION
POSTER PRESENTATION
Nutrition
Page 71
POSTER PRESENTATION: NUTRITION
PP25
WEIGHT LOSS DIETARY SUPPLEMENT:
THE HIDDEN DANGER
Gunaseelan*, Hamenudin Hamzah, Faiz Daud
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre,
Malaysia
[email protected]
Losing weight is gaining popularity globally with an
increase in health consciousness among the general
public. National Health Morbidity Survey (NHMS)
2015 among respondents age ≥ 18 years old found
that prevalence of overweight in Malaysia is 33.4%.
Among the strategies of losing weight are persistent
physical activity and healthy diet as well as dietary
supplement. However, with the poor health
knowledge on the efficacy, safety and health effect,
weight loss dietary supplement appeal to become the
most popular strategy among the public. The general
public aim for easy, fast and cheap way. They trust
the testimonial of the product which is found in
social media. Many dietary supplement are readily
available even in night markets. Issues that plague
supplements use are long term health effects such as
nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity and multiple organ
failure which can cause death due to the adulteration
of supplements and pre mixing with prescription
drugs. These dietary supplements with dubious
claims by some unscrupulous manufacturers cannot
be recommended for over the counter. Among the
strategies to deal with this issue includes educate the
public on the usage of dietary supplements.
Secondly, physicians should be oriented to dietary
supplements. There should also be stringent rules on
sale of dietary supplements which only registered
products and licensed sellers allowed to sale the
items. Since production of adulterated supplements
is difficulty to address, thus sale of those products
must be regulated.
Keywords: Losing weight, dietary supplements,
long term health effects
Page 72
POSTER PRESENTATION: OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
POSTER PRESENTATION
Occupational Health
Page 73
PP26
NEEDLESTICK AND SHARP INJURIES
(NSSIS) AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED
WITH DEFAULTED FOLLOW UP
AMONG HEALTHCARE WORKERS
(HCWS)
IN
KELANTAN
FROM
JANUARY 2010 TILL DECEMBER 2015
Nik Aida Nik Adib1, Rohaida Ismail2, Mohd
Ismail Ibrahim1*
Malaysia
Introduction: In Malaysia, the occurrence of
NSSIs has been monitored via quality assurance
program whereby zero incidence of NSSI is
considered as one of the quality health care
indicator. However, without clear reason, the
incidence of NSSI remains high throughout
years. The rate of infection remains uncertain
because number of them had default the follow
up. Thus, the current study aims to determine
the epidemiological characteristics and factors
associated with default post management follow
up among HCWs sustained NSSIs in Kelantan.
Methods: This was a retrospective cohort
study, using secondary data from Sharp Injury
Surveillance notification system within period
of 6 years starting from January 2010. Data
were collected using Performa. There were 284
reported cases of NSSIs who fulfilled the
inclusion and exclusion criteria during the study
period. Two hundred and seventy cases were
selected by using multistage random sampling
method. The descriptive and logistic regression
analyses were applied using SPSS version 22.
Results: Most of the reported NSSIs were
female, with mean age of 33.9 (7.34) years.
Majority of the reported cases involved houseofficers. They have experience of less than 10
years and occurred during office hour while
managing in-ward patient at tertiary healthcare.
The most common procedure that leads to the
injury includes venepuncture for blood or
intravenous fluid management. The study
revealed that two factors associated with
defaulted follow up namely age group and place
of working. The younger HCWs (age less than
40) and those who work at hospital setting have
higher possibility to default the follow up with
OR 2.8 (95% CI: 1.12, 6.99) and OR 4.65 (95%
CI: 1.77, 12.33) respectively.
Conclusion: NSSIs still remain as unresolved
issue. It can occur at all level of occupational
setting particularly among those who has less
experience and work at tertiary healthcare set.
Keywords: NSSIs, HCWs, default follow up,
Kelantan
PP27
HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE
OF ORANG ASLI AND NON-ORANG
ASLI POPULATION IN KUALA LANGAT
SELANGOR AND ITS DETERMINANT
FACTORS: A COMPARATIVE CROSS
SECTIONAL STUDY
Aniza Ismail, Norfazilah Ahmad, Norhayati
Mokhtar*
Centre, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Health-related quality of life
measures has become increasingly important as
it takes into account on the subjective well being
of self rated health from client’s perspective.
Having standard normative data for a
population is substantial as assessment on social
indicator as well as health needs can be
monitored and intervened effectively by the
policy makers. This study aims to provide
normative values for the Orang Asli and nonOrang Asli population in Kuala Langat district
of Selangor as well as to find the most likely
predictors associated with the score.
Methods: A cross-sectional study by using
Bahasa Melayu validated WHOQOL-BREF
questionnaire has been carried out in Kuala
Langat district in between April 2014 till May
2015. Sampling of the district and village was
Page 74
done by multi-staging whereas respondents
were chosen conveniently.
Results: Number of 1262 respondents have
participated which consisted of 625 from the
Orang Asli and 637 from the non-Orang Asli
population, which gave response rate of 87.0 %.
Multiple linear regression analysis shows that
Orang Asli respondents that are unsure about
their attachment towards traditional customs as
compared to being agree in attachment towards
traditional customs will significantly (p<0.001)
reduce the point score by 0.77 in physical health
(95% CI:-1.02,-0.53), 0.54 in psychological
health (95% CI: -0.81,-0.27), 1.04 in social
relationships (95% CI: -1.43,-0.64) and 1.03 in
environment domain (95% CI: -1.31,-0.74).
Having pour type of toilet will significantly
(p=0.003) reduced physical domain point score
by 0.36 (95% CI: -0.61,-0.12). Being alcohol
drinker significantly reduced the quality of life
point score by 0.39 in physical health (95% CI:
-0.72,-0.05), 0.47 in psychological health (95%
CI: -0.84,-0.10) and by 0.65 in environment
domain (95% CI: -1.06,-0.24) with p=0.024,
p=0.013 and p=0.002 respectively.
Conclusion: Findings from this study adds to
the body of knowledge about normative
Keywords: Health-related quality of life,
Orang Asli and non-Orang Asli, WHOQOLBref
PP28
DOES
OCCUPATIONAL
CHARACTERISTICS AFFECT HEALTH
CARE WORKER PERCEPTION ON
PSYCHOSOCIAL SAFETY CLIMATE
(PSC)?
Norhasliza Abu Bakar1*, Marzuki Isahak1,
Awang Bulgiba2
Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Malaysia
2. Universiti Malaya, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Psychosocial safety climate
(PSC) refers to policies, practices, and
procedures for the protection of worker
psychological health and safety designed the
organizations’ management. It reflects the
organization’s climate from psychosocial
perspectives which can affect the employers’
health outcome. High PSC level promotes
healthy workplace, while low level of PSC
posed risk to adverse health outcome.
Methods: A snap-shot study was carried out
among the health care worker in 38 work unit
of clinical department, UMMC.A total of 614
participants was selected in the study through
PPS (proportionate probability sampling)
sampling method. Participants were given selfadministered questionnaire consist of PSC-12
scale (to measure psychosocial safety climate)
and the socio-demographic and occupational
characteristics questionnaire. The aim of the
study was to find any associations between the
occupational characteristics (shift work,
duration of employment, job type, different
clinical disciplines) with the perceived PSC
level among the participants.
Results: Socio-demographic data revealed the
participants were predominantly female
(89.2%); mean age was 31.92 (±9.496) years
old with mean duration of employment of 7.11
(±6.940) years. Finding from this study reported
the mean value of PSC is 37.9610 (±7.52). Oneway ANOVA test of association between
different type of clinical discipline [ F(12,593)
= 3.239, p-value = <0.001] and types of job [
F(6,599) = 2.259, p-value = 0.036] revealed
significant findings but not significant for shift
work and duration of employment with the
workers’ perception of PSC level. Even though
some factors showed association with PSC
level, but the multiple logistic regression
analysis did not report that the factors contribute
to the prediction model of the perceived PSC
level.
Conclusion: The types of job and the clinical
disciplines showed significant association with
the perceived PSC level, but they are not
contributing factor to PSC
Keywords: Psychosocial safety climate (PSC),
health care worker, occupational characteristics
Page 75
PP29
KNOWLEDGE,
ATTITUDE
AND
PRACTICE ON SAFETY IN CHILDREN
AMONG STAFF OF FACULTY OF
MEDICINES AND HEALTH SCIENCE
UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA
Hayati KS1, Salmiah MS1*, Monisha M2,
Nurfatini I2
of Medicines and Health Sciences,
Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
2. Medical Student, Faculty of Medicines and
Health
Sciences,
Universiti
Putra
Malaysia, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: The numbers of physical injuries
that involve children are rising globally. The
profound burden of death and disability, injuries
to children can also result in substantial
economic costs in terms of medical care for the
injured child as well as lost productivity for his
or her caregivers. (Towner & Scott, 2008).
Unfortunately, children often lack the skills to
protect themselves from injuries. It is the
responsibility of the parents as well as the
community, to safeguard children and to teach
them the skills to be safe.
Methodology: Our study aimed to determine
the factors associated with knowledge, attitude
and practices (KAP) on safety in children
regarding physical injuries among Faculty of
Medicines and Health Sciences (FMHS) staff in
Universiti Putra Malaysia. A cross sectional
study design was conducted among 219
respondents comprising of academic and
supporting staff who were selected using simple
random sampling. A pretested self-administered
questionnaire method was used. Analyses were
computed using IBM SPSS version 21.0.
Analyses were computed using IBM SPSS
version 21.0.
Results: Majority of the respondents were aged
between 25 to 44 years old (74%), married
(76.7%), had a tertiary level of education
(76.7%), supporting staff (56.2%), monthly
income below RM 6000 (58%) and the majority
do not have children. Findings of this study also
revealed that the main source of information on
safety in children was obtained from mass
media and the majority had appropriate belief
on the safety of children.
Conclusion: Majority of the respondents have
high KAP-level but was still not satisfactory as
there was only 50.8% of them achieve the highlevel KAP. Parents who had children were
more aware of safety and took all necessary
precautions to prevent their children from
injuries.
Keywords: Children, injury, knowledge,
attitude, practice
Page 76
POSTER PRESENTATION: ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
POSTER PRESENTATION
Environmental Health
Page 77
PP30
KNOWLEDGE,
ATTITUDE
AND
BEHAVIOR
IN
AVOIDING
SECONDHAND
SMOKE
(SHS)
EXPOSURE AMONG NON-SMOKING
PEOPLE
Nur Zainie Abd Hamid*
Faculty of Business and Management,
Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Secondhand smoke (SHS) has
become air pollutant in public and cause health
problem to children and adolescents. Many
people hold less knowledge and assumed that,
SHS is harmless to health. This study is about
knowledge, attitude and behavior in avoiding
SHS exposure among non-smoking women.
The aim of the study is to determine the extent
of people’s avoidance behavior towards SHS
exposure in Klang Valley, Malaysia.
Methods: This cross sectional study has
employed convenience sampling technique in
selecting the respondents. 200 questionnaires
are distributed in selected mall in Klang Valley
within predetermined period.
Results: The descriptive finding suggested that,
173 respondents agreed tobacco smoke is
dangerous
for
non-smoker’s
health.
Surprisingly, the respondents did not have
accepted level of knowledge and attitude to
avoid SHS with mean = 3.99, 4.10 accordingly.
Most important thing, multiple regression test
statistically proved that, among the variable,
knowledge added statistically significantly to
the prediction of avoiding SHS (p = 0.00).
Conclusion: This study may be a corner stone
for responsible body such as Ministry of Health
to plan for an alternative events to boost
awareness among non-smokers to prevent SHS,
instead of focusing on creating awareness
among smokers.
Keywords: Secondhand smoke (SHS),
knowledge, attitude and behavior in avoiding
SHS, non-smokers
PP31
RESIDUAL CHLORINE IN TAP WATER
VS FILTERED WATER IN SEMENYIH,
SELANGOR
Sujith Kumar Manakandan*, Norfazillah Ab
Manan, Siti Hasnah Nasarudin, Nur Fadhilah
Mohd Razib, Mohd Hasni Jaafar
Centre, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Drinking water acts as a source
for
the
spread
of
gastrointestinal
microorganisms which are capable of causing
serious illnesses. The nationwide massive death
toll and diseases caused by unsafe drinking
water is a significant reason to value the
privilege of having safe drinking water
delivered to individual homes. Chlorination is
one of many methods that can be used to
disinfect water. This method was first used over
a century ago, and is still used today. Another
method of water purification which is widely
common among netizens are usage of water
filter. These water filters are commonly used
especially in most of the households.
Methods: A mini survey was conducted in
April 2016, to describe the residual chlorine
level, pH and turbidity of the tap and filtered
water of the villages in Semenyih, Hulu Langat
district Selangor. Water samples were collected
directly from the tap and household filter
machines. The tap water samples were collected
from various common sources such as mosque,
schools, factory, common hall, meanwhile filter
water samples were collected from the
households.
Results: A total of 8 samples for tap water and
7 samples for filtered water were collected.
From this study, it is noted that about 57% of
the tap water which were taken from common
source are having lower residual chlorine level
than the standard. The residual chlorine that was
too low in these water source can cause lots of
problem as the disinfectant function has worn
Page 78
off. This may result in contamination of tap
water which may due to various reasons.
Conclusion: Apart from that, this study also
revealed that all the samples from filtered water
had lower chlorine level compared to the
standards. This proves that, water filter
effectively filters the chlorine in the water. This
study had revealed that water filtration indeed
reduces the residual chlorine content in the tap
water. Even though there is no statistical
analysis is done, but this study will act as a
preliminary study for future analytic studies.
Keywords: Residual chlorine level, filtered
water, tap water
Page 79
POSTER PRESENTATION: HEALTH MANAGEMENT
POSTER PRESENTATION
Health Management
Page 80
PP32
HEALTHCARE
SERVICES
UTILIZATION AND RELATED SOCIAL
ISSUES AMONG THE URBAN POOR
COMMUNITIES IN KLANG VALLEY
Norazman Mohd Rosli, Diana Mahat*, Nurul
Azwa Mohd Ismail, Mohd Ihsani Mahmood,
Khairul Rafizah Hairodin, Intan Melati Abu
Bakar, Chiew Wye Lee, Vikneswaran
Sabramani, Mohd Firdaus Mohd Radi, Siti
Aisah Mokhtar, Zawiah Mansor, Hadzlinda
Zainal, Dalila Roslan, Muhammad Firdaus
Ujang, Rosnah Sutan
Centre, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Residents of the urban poor
community have limited access to quality
healthcare services despite the excellent
provision of health facilities in the urban
proximity. The aim of this study is to determine
socioeconomic background and health status of
the respondents, followed by exploring the
extend of healthcare service utilization, their
preferred choice and the associated barriers
among the urban poor.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was
performed out in two urban poor settlements
during the outreach program to determine health
status and healthcare needs of these
communities. Face to face interview were
carried out along with basic measurement of
anthropometry and clinical parameters.
Descriptive analysis were performed using
SPSS version 21 and presented in form of tables
and graphs.
Results: A total of 201 respondents took part
whereby majority of them aged between 40 to
60 years old with median income of RM900.
Two third were either overweight or obese and
only a small proportion have at least one comorbid illness. Most of the respondent preferred
government health facility (88.0%) despite long
waiting hours and difficult access to the health
premise cited as major concern. The top three
health service that they opt were family health
service (31.0%), women health service (22%)
and adolescents health service (16.0%).
Conclusion: Government healthcare services
are the preferred choice and most utilized. This
study implicate that despite abundance of
private health facilities in urban vicinity,
government healthcare services still need to be
strengthened to cater not only the medical needs
in order to improve the health status of the
community.
Keywords: Urban poor community, quality
healthcare services, healthcare service
utilization
PP33
WHY THEY LEFT?
Nor Haniza Z, Mohd Idris O, Eliana M*,
Norrina J, Nor Filzatun B
Institut for Health Management, Ministry of
Health, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Job satisfaction and retention of
healthcare workers in different levels of health
systemare strongly correlated.422 medical
specialists resigned from public sectors since
2006 till 2011. This high turnover will affect the
Malaysia
Government
Transformation
Programme (GTP) 2.0 as one of its initiatives to
enhancedelivery of the public healthcare
services.The purpose of this study was to
identify the reason why medical specialists
leaved the public sector.
Methods: This study was conducted among
medical specialists who currently working in 11
private hospitals in Klang Valley to identify the
reason why they left the public sector.Data was
collected from April to August 2013 using selfadministered questionnaire adapted from
Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ).
Results: Only 148 medical specialist data were
qualified to further analyzed.Medical specialists
perceived that they had limited career
Page 81
progression
(26.3%),
followed
by
uncompetitive salary (22.6%) and limited
career advancement (16.5%) in public sector.
Almost one over ten medical specialists
perceived that family related issues also become
vital determinant for them to leave the public
sector.Based on MSQ, “Additional training and
education” scored the lowest satisfaction level
(66.4%) whilst the highest scored of satisfaction
level was “Relationship with my co-workers”
(94.9%).
Conclusion: This study revealed that limitation
of career progression,uncompetitive salary,
limitation of career advancement and family
issues were the major reasons why specialists
left the public sector. Timely revision of
financial incentives and benefits can be
considered so that all specialists will be paid
accordingly. It is recommended that
management and medical specialists could have
open dialogue to discuss their ideas, complaints
and success in order to build trust and improve
communication within organization.
Keywords: Job satisfaction and retention,
healthcare workers, health systemare
PP34
ASSISTANT
MEDICAL
OFFICER
COMPULSORY
PLACEMENT
PROGRAMME: IS IT VITAL?
Nursyahda Zakaria1*, Girijah Nagenthiran1,
Nor Haniza Zakaria1, Mohd Idris Omar1,
Zulhelmi Abdullah2, Noriah Bidin1, Nor Izzah
Ahmad Shauki1
1. Institute for Health Management, Ministry
of Health, Malaysia
2. Lembaga Pembantu Perubatan, Ministry of
Health, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction:
Compulsory
Placement
Programme (CPP) was first introduced in 2008
to ensure the newly graduated Assistant
Medical Officers (AMOs) received structured
practical training. Since its implementation, no
review has been done to evaluate the
effectiveness of this programme. This study is
aimed to determine the level of knowledge,
attitude and practice (KAP) of AMOs who have
undergone CPP and those without CPP in
Ministry of Health (MOH) facilities.
Methods: A cross-sectional study using a self–
administered questionnaire consisting of KAP
component was conducted through April to
September 2015. The samples were obtained
from a two-stage stratified cluster sampling
method which comprised of 480 AMOs from
both Hospital and primary care respectively.
Results: A total of 835 respondents were
obtained from hospital and primary care. About
39% (n=324) of them experienced CPP while
61% (n=511) without CPP. AMOs who have
undergone CPP showed a significant higher
percentage (47.2%) of obtaining a good score in
knowledge as compared to those without CPP
(38.9%, p value= 0.014). In practice, similar
results were obtained with AMOs who have
undergone CPP (62.3%) and without CPP
(54.0%, p value = 0.014). However, there were
no significant differences in attitude among the
two groups. 96.7% of the respondent agreed that
CPP programme increases the quality of AMO
in providing the service whilst 66.5% said that
they were able to work with minimal
supervision after attending the CPP programme.
Conclusion: CPP programme is deemed useful
and beneficial to the AMOs in providing good
quality healthcare service to the community at
large.
Keywords: Assistant Medical Officers
(AMOs), Compulsory Placement Programme
(CPP), knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP)
PP35
NURSING SKILLS: SELF
SUPERVISOR PERCEPTION
VERSUS
Hafidza Baharum*, Noraziani Khamis,
Nursyahda Zakaria, Girijah Nagenthiran,
Stima
Itam
Hari,
Munirah
Ismail,
Chandramathy Khandasamy, Mohd Idris
Omar, Noriah Bidin, Nor Izzah Ahmad Shauki
Institute for Health Management, Ministry of
Health, Malaysia
[email protected]
Page 82
Introduction: Issues on skills among newly
employed nurses arose during a discussion
between Ministry of Health Malaysia (MOH)
representatives with the World Health
Organization consultant on 24 February 2014.
This is in view of increases in number of
recruited nurses who were trained from private
institutions since 2011. Among the assessment
done was from supervisor’s perspective on their
nurses’ performance. For that reason, this study
identified the perception of the skills by
supervisor and nurses.
Methods: A cross sectional study conducted
between April to September 2015 in thirteen
hospitals under MOH. A systematic random
sampling was used to obtain 450 employed
nurses who graduated from public or private
institutions respectively. Self administered
questionnaire comprises of items related to
nursing practices were used. The participated
nurses and Sister was invited to provide their
perception towards their nurses using the same
questionnaires.
Results: Both nurses from public and private
institutions perceived themselves to be skillful
with the percentage of 92.0% (n=339) and
91.6% (n=393) respectively. On the other hand,
about 82.7% of those graduated from private
training institutions and 86.4% nurses from
public training institutions were perceived
skillful by their supervisor. There was an issue
on item “interpretation of lab results and ability
to act promptly” perceived by both Sister and
nurses towards younger aged nurses from
public institutions. Similar findings were seen
among those working less than one year.
Conclusion: The perceptions of Sister
regarding nursing skill are slightly difference to
the self perception for both groups of nurses.
The Sister and newly employed nurses
perceived to be insufficiently prepared in
certain area of nursing skills. Thus, in service
training for targeted nurses are suggested to
further enhance skills to function effectively in
contemporary healthcare setting.
Keywords: Perception, nursing practice,
nursing skills
PP36
A QUALITATIVE STUDY IN MALAYSIA:
FACTORS INFLUENCING JAPANESE
RETIREES’ TRUST IN PHYSICIANS
Ayako Kohno, Nik Daliana Nik Farid*,
Norlaili Abdul Aziz, Maznah Dahlui, Takeo
Nakayama
Department of Social and Preventive Medicine,
Faculty od Medicine, Universiti Malaya,
Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Japanese retirees abroad is
increasing in recent years. Malaysia is the most
popular destination, owing to the program
“Malaysia My Second Home”. Many Japanese
retirees have chronic ailments and need
healthcare while living in Malaysia, however,
there are many obstacles for them to visit
hospitals in Malaysia, such as lack of
information and language barriers. Sometimes,
Japanese retirees develop distrust to local
physicians. The objective is to investigate the
factors influencing Japanese retirees’ trust in
local physicians in Malaysia.
Methods: This is a qualitative study by
conducting focus group discussions among
Japanese retirees who lived in Kuala Lumpur
and Ipoh during the period of January to March
2015. The data were transcribed and analyzed
by Glaserian style of Grounded Theory Method.
Results: Data were taken from six focus group
discussions with 30 Japanese retirees who lived
in Malaysia. This study revealed 34 open codes
and 7 core categories. Then, a theory was
developed which focus on the process of how
Japanese retirees formulate trusts in physicians
in Malaysia, which was named Emotional and
Action-oriented Theory for Trust. Seven
influential factors were identified: strategy,
creed, hope, communication, experience,
setbacks, and insurance. These factors
comprehensively influenced Japanese retirees
in formulating trusts in physicians in Malaysia.
Strategy, creed and hope are grouped as
emotional factor, which include beliefs and
ideas that stimulate individuals to a particular
Page 83
set of actions, while communication and
experience are grouped as action-oriented
factor.
Conclusion: This study revealed Japanese the
emotional transitions of trusts in physicians
among Japanese retirees in Malaysia. It may
improve Japanese retirees’ trust in local
physicians by providing information and
knowledge as education program, focusing on
the difference of medical system between Japan
and Malaysia, as well as cultural aspects of
medical care.
Keywords: Japanese retirees, local physicians
in Malaysia, trust
PP37
HEALTH SEEKING BEHAVIOR AMONG
ORANG ASLI WOMEN: RURAL VS
FRINGE
Mohd Idris O1*, Hafidza B1, Eliza M1, Noriah
B1, Rahimi H2, Nursyahda Z1, Nor Izzah S1
1. Institute for Health Management, Ministry
of Health, Malaysia
2. Cameron Highlands District Health Office,
[email protected]
Introduction: Optimal maternal healthcare
services have been associated with the maternal
health indicators e.g. safe delivery and early
antenatal care. Previous studies have shown that
unsafe delivery and late antenatal booking rates
among the Orang Asli (OA) women were higher
than the national rate. The aim of this study was
to assess the maternal healthcare services
utilization pattern in fringe and rural settlements
in Pahang, Perak, Selangor and Kelantan.
Methods: A cross sectional study using the
guided interview questionnaires on maternal
healthcare utilization among OA women within
the reproductive age was conducted. The study
period was from August-October 2014 in Kuala
Lipis, Hulu Perak, Gua Musang and Hulu
Selangor.
Results: Majority (94.9%) of the rural
respondents stated their preference on
government clinic for their maternal healthcare
as compared to only 66.4% of the fringe
respondents. More than 50% of the fringe
respondents chose government hospitals as
compared to only 27.3% of the rural
respondents. However, 44.5% of the rural
respondents still believed in traditional
treatment than the fringe respondents (22.0%).
More fringe respondents seek maternal
healthcare at private clinics (8%) as compared
to 2.5% of the rural respondents.
Conclusion: There is a difference between the
preference of maternal healthcare services
utilization between the fringe and rural
community. This might be contributed by
factors e.g. accessibility, costs and their beliefs
in making these choices. Community
empowerment program such as the OA
community volunteer can be engaged to educate
the OA on the importance of the modern
healthcare facilities to improve for their
maternal health needs.
Keywords: Maternal healthcare, Orang Asli
(OA), rural, fringe
PP38
CRAVING FOR DIGITAL OBESITY
Yeong May Luu, Chew Cheng Hoon*, Faiz
Daud
Centre, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: About 98% of children aged
three to eight-year-olds in South East Asia use
mobile devices and 99% of them use the devices
at home. Most of the parents used digital
devices replacing pacifiers and as a form of
education. Increased screen time was found to
be significant factor of childhood obesity
among 7 to 12 years old. The prevalence of
childhood obesity has doubled from 2011
(6.1%) to 2015 (11.9%). This study aimed to
review the impact of digital devices on children
and strategies to overcome it.
Page 84
Methods: We used digital resources from
journals, newspapers and websites to review in
depth impact of devices on children in recent
years and strategies to combat specific issues
like addiction and inactivity resulting in obesity.
Results: Cochrane review has shown that
physical activity and nutrition have the most
impact in reducing childhood obesity.Currently,
wrist-worn device is the most feasible for
measuring and improving physical activity
among children aged 7 to 10 years. Children
engaged in technology based interventions had
their body mass index and/or body fat decreased
at short-term, improved physical activity and
dietary behaviors, and psychosocial function.
The success was due to gamification elements
in the device like rewards, unlock game level,
earn badges, virtual currency and active
encouragement feedback from device.
Conclusion: Technology like wrist-worn
devices can be utilised to improve physical
activity and empower children to have a healthy
lifestyle and have fun while keeping active.
Keywords: Obesity, technology, children,
wearable, physical activity
PP39
ECONOMIC BURDEN AND COST
EFFECTIVENESS
ANALYSIS
OF
PSORIASIS TREATMENT MODALITIES
IN MALAYSIAN PUBLIC HOSPITALS
Nor Azmaniza Azizam1*, Saperi Sulong2, Aniza
Ismail1, Zafar Ahmed3, Norazirah Md Nor4
2. Department of Health Information, Faculty
3. Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaysia
Sarawak (UNIMAS), Malaysia
4. Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty
[email protected]
Introduction: Psoriasis is a chronic skin
disease which affects approximately 2% of the
world population. Psoriasis imposes great
economic burden as the patients requires
lifelong care which equals to lifetime expenses.
To our knowledge, the cost effectiveness of
Psoriasis treatment modalities has never been
evaluated in this region. The objectives are to
evaluate economic burden and cost
effectiveness of four Psoriasis treatment
options; a) topical, b) topical and phototherapy,
c) topical and systemic and d) topical and
biologic.
Methods: This is a prospective cohort study
involving a total number of 523 moderate to
severe Psoriasis (defined by having PASI
and/or BSA and/or DLQI >10) from five public
hospitals in Malaysia; Universiti Kebangsaan
Malaysia Medical Centre, Hospital Kuala
Lumpur, Hospital Sultanah Aminah Johor
Bahru, Hospital Pulau Pinang and Hospital
Sultanah Bahiyah Alor Setar, Kedah. The
duration of the data collection is 12 months and
it is divided into two phases; recruitment (6
months) and follow up (6 months). To be
included in this study, respondent ages 18 years
old and above, new or existing moderate to
severe Psoriasis patient who started with new
treatment at the time of data collection and
willing to participate.
Results: Analysis involves evaluation of the; i)
cost analysis, ii) economic burden, iii)
effectiveness and iv) cost effectiveness. From
provider’s perspective, the costs include
recurrent (emolument, consumables, utilities,
maintenance and training) and direct costs (drug
costs, laboratory investigation and procedural
examination). From patient’s perspective, costs
are classified into direct (treatment at private
hospitals, traditional medicines) and indirect
(loss of productivity and transportation).
Economic burden is measured by multiplying
the total cost with incidence rate of each
Psoriasis severity. Effectiveness is measured
based on the PASI, BSA and DLQI score
(outcomes) 6 month after treatment is initiated.
PASI 75 (75% reduction of PASI score from
baseline) and/or BSA<5 and/or DLQI<5 (the
Page 85
disease has minimal impact on quality of life) is
considered effective.
Conclusion: Cost effectiveness is expressed in
terms of the cost per outcomes. The least cost
per outcome is considered the most cost
effective treatment.
Keywords: Psoriasis, economic burden, cost
effectiveness, Psoriasis treatment modalities
PP40
HEALTHCARE LEADERSHIP
Chiew Wye Lee*, Aniza Ismail, Ahmad Taufik
Jamil
Centre, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction:
Managing
healthcare
organisations requires capable healthcare
managers. Leadership styles of these managers
are fundamental and essential to the optimal
performance of the organizations. This article
seeks to determine the leadership styles of
healthcare managers.
Methods: Literature search of articles in
English were performed using the keywords
below from the electronic database to identify
leadership styles of healthcare leaders. All
related articles were reviewed and their
conclusions noted.
Results: Following the review, literatures were
then divided into two main themes transformational leadership and transactional
leadership.
Transformational
leadership
influences, inspires, encourages intellectual
thinking
and
recognises
individual’s
contributions whereas transactional leadership
rewards subordinates according to work
performed and achieved. Transformational
leadership style is preferred in carrying out
significant changes since leaders with
transformational leadership encourage the
performance of followers according to their
potential. However healthcare organisation
rewards compliance and achieving set targets
which describe transactional leadership.
Leadership skills require adaptability and
functionality to various situations and be able to
instruct and inspire subordinates to achieve
targets, thus it appears transactional leadership
must precede and metamorphose into
transformational leadership skills.
Conclusion: Managerial positions require
managers with certain leadership skills. The
majority of managers practice either
transformational leadership or transactional
leadership. In this study, healthcare managers
tend
to
be
transactional
leadership.
Transformational leadership appears to
supersede transactional leadership to address
the challenges of healthcare systems.
Keywords: Healthcare manager, leadership
styles, healthcare performance
PP41
INVERTED INDUSTRY, DEMOTER OF
HEALTH: UNDERSTANDING OF GMO
FOOD
Farah Jihan* , Massitah, Faiz D
Centre, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Genetically Modified Organisms
(GMO) foods are derived from organisms
which genetic material has been modified in a
way that does not occur naturally. The GMO
crops industry has grown exponentially
utilizing technology to produce varieties of food
such as corn and soybean. Malaysia imports
more than 3 million tons of corn annually,
which is largely used as livestock feeds and as
raw material for industry product such as
breakfast cereals and food processing. The
aimed of this study is to understand the
environmental and health effects of GMO food
product and to describe strategies to deal with
this problem.
Page 86
Methods: A comprehensive review of the
journals, websites and social media related to
GMO foods and product.
Results: Health effects of GMO foods are
increased in allergenicity, induced hepatorenal
toxicity, gluten disorders, cancer development
and other non-communicable diseases.
Environmentally, GMO corps could crosscontaminate surrounding farmlands by forcing
to a monoculture farming patterns, reduce
biodiversity among food crops, increase
chemical usage for aggressive weed and
threatened natural habitats by reducing natural
choice of the food web. Thus, strategies in
marketing GM food are 1) GMO food premarket assessment and consultation 2)
enforcement on labeling and 3) post-market
surveillance of GM food.
Conclusion: GM industry chain starts from the
genetically engineered seed, farming pattern,
and ends with processed food for human and
animal consumption. Educating the public on
nutritional labeling provides an important role
in promoting wellness.
Keywords: Genetically Modified Organisms
(GMO), environmental effects, health effects
PP42
INSINCERE INITIATIVE: WHEN GOOD
GOVERNANCE IS LEAST VALUED
Ida Dalina N , Ahmad Arif H* , Mohd
Normazlan H , Faiz D
Centre, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: The Global Adult Tobacco
Survey Malaysia 2011 found that 21% of adults
knew about e-cigarettes however, only 0.8%
uses them. Currently, Malaysia has an estimated
1 million vapers nationwide. At an estimated
retail value of RM0.5 billion, Malaysian vape
industry is second largest in the world.
However, with the health budget at only 4% of
the country’s gross domestic product estimated
at 4 billion, this is a business with expected loss
from the start. Therefore, Ministry of Health,
Malaysia proposed a ban on electronic
cigarettes but it was turned down by the
Malaysian Cabinet.
Methods: The move to ban electronic cigarettes
received mixed reactions from different groups
of the public. The sincerity of the initiative was
questioned; Why e-cigarettes are to be banned
when tobacco cigarettes are not? Was it because
tobacco cigarettes are taxed while e-cigarettes
are not? Why is it that certain states in Malaysia
impose ban while others do not? Are political
leaders’ stand was truly to protect the Malay
community’s interests or personally driven for
the sake of their own interests? The ban on ecigarettes was perceived as business
opportunity for tobacco companies to eliminate
an attractive and chic competitor.
Results: The main fault is the failure to conform
to principles of good policy governance
particularly from lack of coordination from
responsible stakeholders at every level of policy
development and implementation. Addressing
misinformed politicians and educating top level
policy makers to garner a multiagency
concerted effort at national level are key
strategies in controlling e-cigarette smoking and
vaping.
Conclusion: Malaysian policy makers and
stakeholders related in the vaping industry
should have a roundtable discussion to achieve
the best policy that will safeguard Malaysia’s
population health while garnering support from
the general public.
Keywords: Vape, insincere, good governance
Page 87
PP43
HOSPITAL ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA:
THE CONTRIBUTING FACTOR TO
HEALTHCARE COST
Nuratiqah MN*, Azimatun NA
Centre, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Healthcare industry continues to
reform for better access, but the issues such as
cost and quality remains debatable. Hospitalacquired infection is an infection occurring
during inpatient care. It is identified as a quality
indicator in a health-care because it may
jeopardizes patient safety, which will increase
patients morbidity, mortality, length of stay and
hospitalization cost. The purpose of this study
was to determine the length of stay and
additional cost attributed by hospital-acquired
pneumonia.
Methods: This is a retrospective study using
patient's medical record and Case-mix Database
in Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan
Malaysia involving patients admitted from
January 2013 until 31 December 2014 with
hospital-acquired pneumonia.
Results: A total of 31 cases which fulfilled the
inclusive and exclusion criteria were selected.
Seventy seven point four percent of the infected
patient were elderly aged 60 years old with
mean age= 76.2 years old. Five of them were
reported death during hospitalization. The
length of ICU stay recorded was between 4 to
32 days with mean length of stay of 28 days.
The study showed that patient with hospitalacquired pneumonia stays in an additional of
5.27 days at the hospital with an identified
additional cost of RM 7,159.74 per patient.
Statistical
analysis
yielded
significant
association (p=0.001) between death during
ICU stay with the length of ICU stay and
treatment cost.
Conclusion: In conclusion, hospital-acquired
pneumonia leads to longer hospital stay and
increase mortality despite consumed more
resources and increase in treatment cost.
Keywords: Hospital acquired infection,
elderly, length of stay, additional cost
Page 88
POSTER PRESENTATION: HEALTH PROMOTION
POSTER PRESENTATION
Health Promotion
Page 89
PP44
“HOOKAHS ARE TASTY AND FUN!?” A
QUALITATIVE STUDY OF HOOKAH
SMOKING AMONG SOUTH AFRICAN
UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Rachana Desai1*, Brendon Barens2, Priscilla
Reddy1,3
1. Human Science Research Council, RSA
2. University of Johannesburg, RSA
3. University of Western Cape, RSA
between health and behavioural factors in
hookah smoking. Program developers need to
integrate
these
findings
into
future
interventions, while also paying attention to
informing people about the adverse health
effects of hookah smoking.
Keywords: Hookah smoking, university
students, South Africa
PP45
WRONG
HEALTH
BELIEF:
MANIFESTATION OF ERRONEOUS
PERCEPTION TOWARDS HIV
Introduction: University students in South
Africa continued to smoke the hookah despite
exposure to hookah smoking prevention and
cessation programmes. This study aims to gain
an in – depth understanding of the knowledge,
opinions and experiences of participants
smoking the hookah, and the interpretation of
messages from hookah smoking prevention and
cessation programs, using qualitative methods.
Methods: Three focus group discussions were
conducted among purposefully selected
university students using an open ended
discussion guide. Transcribed interviews were
analysed using thematic content analysis.
Results: Curiosity, the influence of friends and
family, and the popularity of hookah smoking at
university drove participants to initiate hookah
smoking. Most participants smoked hookah in
the company of friends and family in social
settings. Exclusion and inclusion of people
among hookah smoking groups was dependent
on a combination of the social setting and the
relations and interactions between individuals.
Participants were also exposed to hookah
smoking prevention and cessation programmes
such as anti-hookah smoking posters, a once off
television programme, and school based
educational programs. Most participants
continued to smoke the hookah, despite
knowledge of the dangers of hookah smoking.
Instead, participants attributed their smoking
behaviour to it being a social event and a
pleasurable experience that was not addictive,
compared to cigarette smoking.
Conclusion: The results of this study fill
important gaps in our understanding of the link
Norazilah Jamil, Norrina Jamaluddin*, Faiz
Daud
Centre, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Myths and wrong perceptions
towards Human Immunodeficiency Virus
(HIV) have been around in societies thus
leading to misinformation about the disease.
Youth being the vulnerable groups are
particularly exposed to HIV due to their highrisk behaviour, inaccessible to get clear
information about HIV and their judgemental
attitudes leads to stigma and discrimination
revolving the issue of HIV. The objective is to
identify false ideas and inaccurate knowledge
among youth regarding HIV, and strategies to
improve awareness regarding HIV.
Methods: The information were gathered using
Web search from social media, articles and
individual blogs. The problem of the myths and
wrong perceptions toward HIV are focused on
general knowledge about the disease, disease
transmission, treatment and prevention. These
problems undermine the effort of health
authorities in treating and preventing the
disease.
Results: Therefore, HIV education to the youth
must be improved and accessible to dispel the
wrong belief and wrong perception. Youth
empowerment is the most important by
Page 90
involving them with frequent HIV campaigns
and educational activities in school, colleges,
higher institutions and right messages from
electronic and non-electronic media. Peer
support groups are required to provide a safe
and supportive environment for people relatedHIV and to reduce HIV-related stigma.
Conclusion: Dispelling myths and wrong
perceptions among youth need continuous
efforts from national and regional health
authorities.
Keywords:
Adolescent,
Human
Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infections,
perception, social stigma, attitude
PP46
INTERNET
ADDICTION
AMONG
ADOLESCENTS IN KUALA LUMPUR
AND ITS ASSOCIATED FACTORS
Zaleha Md Isa*, Khalib Abd Latiff, Nur
Hafizah Ahmad
Centre, Malaysia
[email protected]
Introduction: Internet addiction has become a
major public health issue worldwide. Many
studies have shown that the Internet users are at
risk of developing an obsessive dependency or
“addiction” towards Internet. Therefore,
internet
addiction
especially
amongst
adolescents is a phenomenon which requires
proper attention. Many factors can lead to
internet addiction which include parents’
concern, peers concern and school attachment.
The purpose of this study is to determine
various factors which contribute to internet
addiction among adolescents.
Methods: A Cross-sectional study was
conducted from February until March 2016
which involved 423 adolescents around Kuala
Lumpur. The sampling method used is
purposive sampling to choose the suitable
schools for this study. The respondents will then
be chosen through stratified sampling by the
Principal and the Counsellor of the respective
schools. The data were analysed using
Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS)
version 22.0 in descriptive, bivariable and
multivariable to determine the prediction factor
which influence internet addiction among
adolescent.
Results: As a whole, the result of this study
found that the min age of the respondents are
16.21± 0.74 (s.d) years. The significant factors
in the biviarable analysis are sociodemographic
factors such as age, parents’ concern (p<0.05),
peers concern in terms of perceived being liked
by students (p<0.05), school attachment factor
in terms of professional or academic experience
satisfaction and sense of pride and belonging
(p<0.05). Multivariable analysis result using
multiple linear regression showed that various
factors such as father warmth, mother
involvement, perceived being liked by students,
professional/academic experience and father
involvement contribute to the various internet
addiction as much as 26% (R2=0.26).
Conclusion: As a conclusion, parents concern
in terms of father warmth, father involvement
and mother involvement, peers concern in terms
of perceived being liked by students and school
attachment in terms of professional or academic
experience are the main factors that influence
internet addiction adolescent in Kuala Lumpur.
Keywords: Internet addiction, adolescent,
Kuala Lumpur
Page 91
The organising committee of the 6th International Public Health Conference
thank to all organizations for their contributions, support and cooperation in
ensuring the success of this conference.
Co-organiser:
Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (Unisza)
Terengganu State Health Department
United Nations University -International Institute for Global Health (UNU-IIGH)

Programme Book 2016 - 6th International Public Health Conference

Transcription

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