the royal air force planes

AEROPAINTING
Aeropittura
“Aeropainting”
was a variation of
Italian “Futurism”,
an artistic
movement which
developed from
1929 to 1940 and
involved many
forms of art
including painting.
Aeropainting shows
the enthusiasm of the
flight, the dynamism
and the speed of
planes. It was
launched in a
manifesto of 1929:
“Perspectives of
flight”. The best
Italian artists were:
-Giacomo Balla
-Fortunato Depero
-Enrico Prampolini
-Gerardo Dottori
-Tullio Crali
Giacomo Balla
Giacomo Balla (18711958) was an Italian
painter, sculptor and
set designer.
He was among the
first painters of
aeropainting and he
composed many works
in his early teen
years.
Futur (1923)
Flight of the
swallows (1913)
Fortunato Depero
Fortunato Depero
(1982-1960) was
an Italian painter,
sculptor and
graphic designer.
Depero painted
sketches made from
poor materials (wires,
glass, cardboard,
tissue, paper), which
were able to
incorporate all the
artistic languages ​,
from painting to
sculpture, to music
and architecture.
Grattacieli e
tunnel (1930)
(Skyscrapers and
tunnel)
Il ciclista
attraversa la
città (1945)
The biker
crossing the town
Enrico Prampolini
Enrico Prampolini
(1894–1956) was an
Italian futurist painter,
sculptor and
scenographer.
Prampolini was active in
aeropainting and he
pursued a programme
of abstract and almostabstract painting,
combined with a career
in stage design.
Il pilota dell’infinito
(1932)
The pilot of the
infinity
Costruzione spazialepaesaggio (1919)
Spacious constructionlandscape
Gerardo Dottori
Gerardo Dottori
(1884-1977) was
an Italian
futurist painter.
He signed the
Futurist
manifesto of
aeropittura in
1929.
Dottori's main
output was the
representation of
landscapes and
visions of Umbria
(a central Italian
region), mostly
overviewed from
above.
Lago umbro
(1942)
Lake in Umbria
Umbria vergine
(1949)
Virgin Umbria
Tullio Crali
Tullio Crali (1910–
2000) was an Italian
artist associated with
Futurism. He is known
for realistic paintings
that combine "speed,
aerial mechanization
and the mechanics of
aerial warfare”.
His enthusiasm for
flying and his
experience as a pilot
influenced his art: his
earliest works
represent military
planes, aerial
squadron and aerial
duel.
In the 1930s, his
paintings became
realistic since
they intended to
communicate to
the viewer the
experience of
flight.
Il pilota (1910) –
The pilot
ACROBAZIE IN CIELO
(1930) –
Acrobatics in the sky
THE ROYAL
AIR FORCE
HISTORY
The RAF was
founded in 1918,
toward the end of
World War I by
merging the Royal
Flying Corps and
the Royal Naval Air
Service.
After the war,
the RAF was
greatly reduced
in size and
during the
inter-war years
it was used to
"police" the
British Empire.
The RAF
underwent
rapid
expansion
prior to and
during the
Second
World War.
During the war it
was responsible
for the aerial
defence of Great
Britain, the
strategic bombing
campaign against
Germany and
tactical support
to the British
Army around the
world.
THE ROYAL AIR FORCE PLANES
Supermarine Spitfires
It became the symbol
of the Battle of
Britain, it is a British
single-seat fighter
aircraft that was used
by the Royal Air Force
and many other Allied
countries in the
Second World War
Handley page Halifax
The Handley Page Halifax was one of the fourengined heavy bombers of the Royal Air Force
during the Second World War. A contemporary of
the famous Avro Lancaster, the Halifax remained in
service until the end of the war, performing a
variety of duties in addition to bombing.
Avro Lancaster
The Avro
Lancaster is a
British fourengined Second
World War heavy
bomber designed
and built by Avro
for the Royal Air
Force (RAF).
It first saw active
service with RAF
Bomber Command in
1942 and, as the
strategic bombing
offensive over
Europe gathered
momentum, it
became the main
heavy bomber used
by the RAF
THE BATTLE OF BRITAIN
This is the name given
to the Second World
War air campaign
waged by the German
Air Force (Luftwaffe)
against the United
Kingdom during summer
and autumn of 1940.
The Battle of Britain
was the first major
campaign to be fought
entirely by air forces,
and was also the largest
and most sustained
aerial bombing campaign
to that date. The
objective of the
campaign was to gain air
superiority over the
Royal Air Force (RAF),
especially Fighter
Command.
At the start of the
war, Germany had
4,000 aircraft
compared to
Britain's front-line
strength of 1,660
Although on paper
the Luftwaffe
appeared to have
the advantage in
numbers of planes,
pilots and
experience.
Britain had RADAR
which gave them
early warning of the
approach of the
German planes.
Moreover British
fighter planes could
spend more time in
the air over Kent and
Sussex as they could
easily land for fuel
whereas the German
fighters could not.
The battle began in midJuly and, initially, the
Luftwaffe concentrated
on attacking shipping in
the English Channel and
attacking coastal towns
and defenses. From 12
August, Goering shifted
his focus to the
destruction of the RAF,
attacking airfields and
radar bases.
However, Goering grew frustrated by the
large number of British planes that were still
fighting off his attacks. On September 4th,
the Luftwaffe switched tactics again and, on
Hitler's orders, set about destroying London
and other major cities.
Eleven days later,
on what became
known as 'Battle of
Britain Day', the
RAF savaged the
huge incoming
Luftwaffe
formations in the
skies above London
and the south
coast.
It was now clear to
Hitler that his air
force had failed to
gain air superiority so,
on 17 September, he
postponed his plans to
invade Britain. His
attention was now
focused on the
invasion of the Soviet
Union, although the
Luftwaffe continued
to bomb Britain until
the end of the war.
It's difficult to establish an exact figure
of how many aircraft were shot down in
the Battle of Britain, partly because both
sides tended to exaggerate their
successes and downplay their losses.
However, it's estimated that
between 10th July and the end of
October 1940, the RAF lost around
1,023 aircraft whilst the Luftwaffe
lost 1,887.