BOHEMIA WEBSITE SERVICES Ltd

Transcription

BOHEMIA WEBSITE SERVICES Ltd
Our free manual for you to reference self-publishing on Print and the Web!
Go to Table of Contents!
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Preface
Chapter 1
vii
Self-Publishing
1
a. Publishing Necessities
1
b. Publishing Strategies
1
c. From Manuscript to Book
2
d. Finishing Checklist
6
Chapter 2
Microsoft Word (97-2003)
7
Chapter 3
Microsoft Word (2007)
47
Chapter 4
Voice Dictation Software
71
Chapter 5
Optical Character Recognition
83
Chapter 6
Adobe PageMaker (5.0-7.0)
89
Chapter 7
Adobe In Design (cs-cs3)
159
Chapter 8
Adobe FrameMaker (7.0-7.2)
193
Chapter 9
Electronic Publishing
209
a. Microsoft Word (97-2003)
211
b. Microsoft FrontPage
214
c. Adobe Photoshop (6.0-cs3)
232
d. Adobe ImageReady
242
Digital Photography and Image Editing
247
Chapter 10
Adobe Photoshop (4.0 -cs3)
a. Putting a Photo into an image editor
250
i. Opening a file
250
ii. Scanning a Photo
251
b. Image Editing
252
c. Filters
255
d. Layers
260
e. Image
262
f. Photoshop Toolbox
264
g. Digital Cameras
277
h. Making Borders
279
i. Photoshop to Other Software
280
Chapter 11
Gif Animation, Flash and Javascript
283
Chapter 12
Video Files
307
Chapter 13
Sound Files
317
Chapter 14
Adobe Acrobat (4.0-8.0)
323
The Next Step
353
Index
361
PREFACE
This book is a toolbox for writers and self-publishers. Its strengths
are providing simple instructions and tips for using popular
software programs that allows writers and self-publishers to write,
edit, layout and design professional looking books for print and the
Internet. Some of the popular programs for making printed books
that are discussed in detail are Microsoft Word for writing and
editing, Adobe InDesign for layout and design, Adobe Photoshop
for editing pictures and illustrations, and Adobe Acrobat for making
printable pdf files. Furthermore, electronic publishing is discussed
in great detail as well which can allow the self-publisher to make
e-books with text, video and animation.
Although writing and self-publishing are two different identities
in the publishing world, writers and self-publishers have the same
goal in mind; to write a quality, publishable book. However, a
typical writer may turn to a publisher to publish the work whereas
a self-publisher can publish his own book to enter the market place
on his own terms. Although a self-publisher is his own publishing
house, he can accept a better offer for his publication from other
publishing companies if the opportunity arises. Self-publishing is a
great place to start for those that are not having success finding an
appropriate publisher.
Once the manuscript is at a level that you think is saleable and
competitive, you will encounter a fork in the road. One road will
lead to dealings with publishers while the other road will be selfpublishing. The road to the publishers is the more common route.
If you decide to take the self-publishing road, you will be the one in
charge of all dealings with your book; such as editing, production,
distribution, printing and sales. This side of things is an investment.
With print on demand technology, anybody can be a publisher these
days. The self-publisher can print any quantity of books to test the
market.
However, the investment does not stop after the books are printed.
The venture continues until your distributor sells the books and
returns you your cut. Furthermore, if you really know your book
viii
Preface
is competitive, there is no reason to give up if publishers are
not interested at that moment for a multitude of reasons. Selfpublishing will put your book out there and allow people to buy it.
Then, in time, the self publishing road can bring you upon another
fork in the road. Your two options will be selling out to a larger
publisher or keep on publishing the book yourself. At this point,
you must really analyze your strengths and weaknesses. If you
think publishers can slicken up your book, sell more, and even
give good profits per copy, that is a very worthy option. Publishers
spend a lot of time promoting and producing books. Their
reputation alone can market books in areas for which you may find
very difficult to do so, like libraries, wholesalers and distributors.
The book must be well groomed. Just like an organized university
paper delivered to the professor, the final presentation of a book
is an important aspect to catch a publisher’s eye. If the work is
double spaced, organized into chapters, has no spelling mistakes,
and contains a table of contents, it is easy for a publisher to look
at. If the work contains a lot of spelling and grammatical errors,
and the text does not look organized, the publisher may think
that the presentation is a reflection of the effort put into writing
the manuscript. You must send the manuscript to the appropriate
publisher and on their terms. One publisher may want a sample
chapter, resume, and outline while another would like to see the
entire manuscript. Publishers can be found in the yellow pages,
on-line, in “The Writer’s Market” and inside a book. Generally
speaking, there is a publisher for any type of manuscript. The
following section covers an overview for manuscript preparation.
Making a Presentable Manuscript
Double Spacing
The document should be double spaced.
Making Paragraphs
The indentation should be consistent for each paragraph.
Preface
ix
Organizing Chapters
All of the chapters should start at the top of a new page.
Table of Contents
There should be a table of contents at the beginning of the book,
showing the various chapters and the titles.
Page Numbering
All pages should be numbered so an editor can look at a particular
chapter quickly, without wasting time. Editors look at a lot of
manuscripts and if they end up finding a manuscript disorganized, it
may not get a second glance.
Detailing the Text
Publishers do not expect a writer to layout a manuscript to perfection. But, spending a few minutes adding a few touches to a manuscript can add a little icing on the cake. For example, you may want
the chapter number and the chapter title to appear in a larger font,
and with bold text.
Spelling and Grammar Check
Microsoft Word is a fine program for checking grammar and
spelling. Words that are underlined in red are misspelled, according
to a specific dictionary, while sentences that are underlined in green
have grammatical errors. Correcting the mistakes will help you
improve your English skills. Before you know it, you will be able
to write so people know what it is you are writing about. Without
decent English skills, what makes sense to you may not make sense
to the reader.
Books With Graphics and Captions
Captions and graphics should be in independent sections.
The manuscript should have a reference point in the document.
For example, assume there is a spot where the book refers to
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Preface
an illustration with a short caption such as illustration 2.1. In
the manuscript, the reference should say something like ‘Ref.
illustration 2.1’. Illustration 2.1 could be the first illustration in
Chapter 2.
In a section after the manuscript, there should be a list of all the
illustrations and photos in order of representation. They should
also be named. For example, illustration 2.1, should be named and
shown in numerical order.
After the section of illustrations, there should be a section of the
captions that go with the illustrations. For example, you can make a
page with a list of captions; such as 1.0 - 2.1 shown below.
1.0 Alligator eating breakfast
1.5 A sleeping Boa Constrictor
2.1 Mocking Bird
*Tip about writing a book with captions*
When you think there is a good spot for an illustration and caption,
write Ref 000 in the text where you want the reader to look at the
illustration. Since you may want to add a lot more illustrations, do
not give the illustrations and captions a final name until the manuscript is complete.
Using a three digit reference like 000 makes it easy to find reference points using the commands Edit and Find. In the white box
with Find, put the number 000. Then, click Find Next. Now the
Search will find all these spots for the illustrations, and they can be
renamed with ease when the manuscript is complete.
Print On One Side
A manuscript should be printed on one side of the paper. This is
what many editors want, regardless of the fact that you end up
wasting more paper and have higher paper and printing costs. Some
editors are flexible, especially if you are on working terms with
them. However, printing the manuscript on one side increases the
odds of a manuscript to be taken seriously. But, some editors can
spot good material even if the presentation is not 100% perfect.
Preface
xi
Submi�ing the Manuscript
Your manuscript will not get published from someone else if it
does not get a chance to be read. Not only do successful publishing
houses produce a good finished product, but, publishing houses sell
books. Most publishers want to make a buck selling their books.
Sure there are some non-profit publishers such as religious groups,
but, most publishing companies are businesses that take the book
from the printer and move it to distributors and wholesalers.
For now, let’s assume you are looking for a publisher so that you
don’t have to bear any more costs, and can start making a buck
from your masterpiece.
If you are absolutely content that the product is publishable you can
send the manuscript to publishers that publish similar material. You
can find publishers in the Yellow Pages, inside the covers of books,
on the Internet, and in books that list publishers such as ‘The
Writer’s Market’.
Some publishers accept electronic manuscripts, but, most want the
manuscript with a brief page explaining what the book is about,
and why it is unique from other works. Some publishing houses
may want to see a sample resume of your writing experience.
Some publishers publish first time authors, some only do published
authors, and some do both. Books such as ‘The Writer’s Market’,
and the Publisher’s name and address inside book covers will help
in narrowing down your search for the publisher that best suits your
manuscript.
Electronic manuscripts
If electronic manuscripts are accepted, you can send the file:
a) as an attachment when you are in an e-mail program. In your
e-mail program there will be a command that say something like
“Attachment” or “Attach document”. Click that command, write
the path of the file, such as D:mybook.txt.
b) Copy and Paste a sample document into the e-mail program such
as Eudora.
xii
Preface
The Publisher’s Response
When you submit a manuscript to a publisher, you normally get 1
of 3 responses;
1) No reply.
2) Rejection: The rejection is probably a kind note saying
something like, “We are not publishing this type of material at
the moment. Your manuscript looks like you put in a lot of effort.
Perhaps another publisher is interested in your manuscript. Good
luck.”
3) Positive feedback: One day you look in your mailbox (or
electronic mailbox) and you get a note such as; “We like your
manuscript. It is very organized and explains concepts in great
detail. If you would like us to publish your manuscript, please
contact us. You can reach us toll free by phone at
1-800-555-3232.”
A positive letter from a publisher is not a guarantee to a finished
publication. At this point, a publisher is going to do 1 of 2 things;
1) Present a contract.
2) Expect you to improve the manuscript before the contract.
Many publishers are busy and follow strict deadlines. With these
publishers, you will be working steadily on the manuscript and it is
obvious that it is going somewhere.
If working with a publisher does not lead to publication, selfpublishing is still an option. One benefit with self-publishing is that
YOU have the final say. It can be heartbreaking to see a company
publish your book with a different meaning. Also, in many cases
after a book is edited, it will sound like someone else’s voice when
the book is read. Whose voice do you want to hear when your book
is read?
CHAPTER
CHAPTER 41
SELF-PUBLISHING
PUBLISHING
If you are going to self-publish, you need two things;
Enough money to print a book or enough skills to publish on
the web at almost free of cost.
A copy editor. The copy editor allows the writing to make
sense to people that read it. Or, you need good grammar and decent
spelling skills. Just because a manuscript makes sense to you
and your buddies does not mean that others will not have trouble
following your words.
Look at the changes the copy editor makes and try to make your
new writing follow with correct grammar and spelling. Before you
know it, your writing will make sense to everyone.
You may have spent US$3,000 - 30,000 on writing your manuscript
and figure that another US$2000-$10,000 for a decent sized print
run is worth the risk. However, you can test the market with a small
print run such as 100 copies that will cost a few dollars a book,
depending on paper quality and type of binding.
You can publish your book online for free if the Word file is
converted to an Adobe Acrobat file. Adobe Acrobat 7.0 costs
about US$200, and older versions can be purchased used. This is a
marketing strategy. An electronic book can have security settings
made so that it cannot be printed from the person viewing the web
site. Many magazines use this approach of allowing the readers
to view the material online for free. In many cases the readers
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Chapter 1
would rather go to the store and buy the hard copy because reading
a paper magazine is often more enjoyable than reading from a
computer monitor, unless the electronic version does what the
paper cannot. If you want your material printed and read, you can
let the user print the material on their home printer. These days,
people can easily print a few quality books at home with a cheap
inkjet or laser printer and Print on Demand printers can make any
number of copies.
If you intend to publish it yourself, you will have to become a
salesman.
Finally, you should hire a copy editor. A typical cost for 50, 000
words is US$300-$500. The copyeditor will make the words flow
more smoothly. This is probably the most important ingredient to
making a readable book.
You have two options. You can either use your Word processing
program, or, you can copy and paste the Word™ file into a
publishing program such as Adobe PageMaker, Adobe InDesign,
or Quark Express. Although a strong publishing program is more
complicated to learn how to use, the extra features make its use
well worth the while.
An alternative to assembling the book yourself is to hire out this
work. There are many publishers and companies that specialize
in this service for authors. The price for this service will vary.
Some companies will print you copies and allow your books the
opportunity for distribution, but, others will only make the book.
If you do not want to hire out for production fees or learn to selfpublish, you should emphasize on your writing and find a suitable
publisher. However, learning the layout skills is invaluable because
you can get the ball rolling faster.
Self-publishing
The Text Layout
Figure 6.1 From writing the book to print.
The Cover Layout
Figure 6.2 Cover design and binding process.
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Chapter 1
Figure 6.3 The cover layout in publishing software.
Books With Only Words
If the book to be published contains only text, it is easy to put
together. It just needs to be made to size with a pleasant ‘look’.
After a book is written, it can be copied and pasted into the
appropriate size file, such as the common 8.5”*5.5” format called
letter half.
Then, page numbers should be inserted at the bottom of each page.
That is all there is to laying out a book with only words.
Books With Graphics
Many books use photographs and illustrations in order to show the
reader something more than a bunch a words. Graphics such as
photos and illustrations can work hand in hand with text, especially
in books such as ‘How To’ manuals, travel journals, and other
informative works such as textbooks.
Laying out a book with graphics is much more complicated than
making a book with only text. When a publication is made with
graphics, various computer programs are used so that the job can
Self-publishing
5
get done, or you have to hire specific jobs, such as scanning, which
will cost a lot per hour, or per job.
If you are going to do your own layout, you will need to learn how
to use the programs fairly well because if you don’t, the work will
look like it was done by an amateur. It takes time and money to
learn these skills, which is what I am about to teach you. But, if
you put in the time, these skills you will acquire will be yours for
the duration of your healthy lease on life.
Hiring a Professional to Work On Your Book
In the short run, hiring a pro or a cheap educated computer guru is
the cheapest method for making a top quality publication. Today
in the new millennium, there are more people with these skills;
publishing, digital photography, and graphic design than ever
before. Therefore, you can probably find a keen artistic that has
no paper work to back up his skills to do a great job for a cheap
price. Or, you can pay a few extra bucks and hire someone with
established credentials. More often than not, deals made with
established businesses will work out smooth and meet the required
deadlines. You may have to pay a little in advance for any work,
but, the bulk should be paid upon completion of a project.
Hiring a pro is the way to go if you are trying to complete the
project faster, and, with top quality graphics. Many companies
do editing, layout, typesetting, and cover design. The price is
approximately a few thousand dollars. However, if you cannot
afford to do the job right from yourself, or with someone else, the
book has almost no chance to succeed.
If you plan on having the skills to publish future documents, buying
the software and learning the programs is the way to go so that you
can work anywhere and anytime without depending on others. The
road to developing the skills to do a top quality publication can take
years to acquire.
Doing the Work Yourself With an Image editor
Chapter 10 explains how to work with photos and illustrate with
Adobe Photoshop.
6
Chapter 1
The book should be complete. It should not need any more
changes until the next addition. It should also include a Table of
Contents. The book should include, an index, glossary, appendix,
bibliography, and footnotes, if necessary. It must look visually
appealing.
The book was copyedited from a professional.
The book should be at the right font size and with a desired
font(s).
All the line spacing, such as single, should be finalized.
All the applications to the text should be completed such as
bold chapter titles, italicized text and underlined text.
The book should be made to the right size. Many manuals
are 8.5” by 11” which is the size of a typical manuscript. Many
paperbacks are 5.5” by 8.5”.
All the pages should be numbered.
All of the graphics and captions should be labeled correctly.
The cover, back, and spine must look professional. Use a bar
code.
The book should have an ISBN number. To get an ISBN
number, call, fax, or e-mail the National library. The number is
free, and they will ask for you to send them a couple of books for
the library. o
CHAPTER 2
MICROSOFT WORD
97-2003
M
icrosoft Word is a leader in word processing. Actually, Word
can publish quality documents too.
Microsoft Word can be purchased an individual package, or, it can
be purchased with Microsoft Office.
The Main menu is at the top of the program. It contains the
following headings:
File, Edit, View, Insert, Format, Tools, Table, Window and Help.
Figure 2.1 The main menu is near the top.
8
Chapter 2
Accessing the main menu
To access the main menu,
a) Click File
or
b) Click Alt on the keyboard
Closing the main menu
To exit the main menu,
a) Click the mouse outside of the Main Menu.
or
b) Click Alt on the keyboard
File
All word processing programs have File in the main menu. And
File always appears first.
When file is clicked, there will be a list of commands. The
commands that exist in all word programs are New, Open, Close,
Save, Save As, Page Setup, and Print.
New
This command makes a blank page for writing a new piece of
work. It gives you a starting point to write. Double click Blank
Document to start a normal blank page at a size of 8.5”*11”.
To open a new document,
Click File
Click New
Microsoft Word 97-2003
Click Blank Document
Click OK, if necessary. This would be necessary in
versions prior to Word 2003.
Figure 2.2 Starting with an empty page in Word.
Figure 2.3 Starting new in an older Word version.
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Chapter 2
Open
This command allows you to open an existing document that
was made earlier. The file can be located on any drive such as the
computer’s C: drive, D: and E: drive. When a file is opened, there
will be a box with an arrow next to it. Clicking the arrow and
finding the file from a folder or another drive is possible with a few
clicks of the mouse.
Figure 2.4 Opening a file from a specific folder.
Close
This command shuts down the work on a specific document.
When close is clicked, the program will ask if you want to save the
changes, if changes were made since the last save.
Save
This command saves a document. This can be used to save a new
document, or, saving additions to a new document. It is a good
feature to save current work frequently so that work does not get
lost when the computer malfunctions.
Save as
This command allows the user to rename a document and save it in
any drive, such as C:, A:, or E:.
Save As is a valuable feature to use when working on serious
documents. This allows safety because new changes can be saved,
11
while the last version will remain too, in case something went
wrong with the new work.
When Save As is clicked, more can be done to a document than
saving it and giving it a name. If Options is clicked, the user can set
up passwords to open the document or to modify text. Just put the
password in the obvious box, and hit Enter. Then, the program will
ask you to confirm the password. Type the correct password again
to activate the password protection.
Figure 2.5 Saving a file to a specific folder.
Save as Web Page or HTML
This command is used to convert the document into HTML so
that it can be uploaded to the web. This feature works well for text
documents. For more advanced web pages, use HTML editors like
Microsoft® Front Page, Adobe® GoLive, Adobe® Pagemill, and
Macromedia® Dreamweaver™ and other web publishing programs
such as Adobe Acrobat offer more features to making a more
advanced web page.
Page Set-up
This command normally allows the user to set the length and width
of a document. Page setup is normally set as 8.5 * 11.5, which are a
standard letter size. This works for the majority of word processing
people. In other words, you probably never need to look here.
Resizing a Document
A Word document can be made smaller in a page set-up. For
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Chapter 2
example, the document can go from a letter document into a
5.5*8.5 inch book. Or, if another program is used after Word or
PageMaker 6.5, the Word document can be cut and pasted into the
new program without and text problems.
To setup a custom page size,
Click File
Click Page Setup
Figure 2.6 Settings for a custom page size.
Click the tab named ‘Paper’
Figure 2.7 Paper tab is on the top.
Click the drop down arrow next to paper size
Make a selection.
Figure 2.8 Choices for paper size.
Click OK
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Chapter 2
Print
This command does just what it says; it prints the document
on paper. However, the print functions can be customized to
accommodate a particular user’s needs. For example, quality
settings can be manipulated. A user may want top quality printing.
Top quality printing uses more ink and is slower. A user may want
fast printing, which loses less ink, but has diminished quality. There
are also other settings such as paper type.
To print a page,
Click File
Click Print
Figure 2.9 Printing options.
Select a printer. Clicking the drop down arrow
shows a list of printers that are available.
Figure 2.10 Several printers to choose from.
a) Click OK to print
or
b)
i) Click Properties
ii) Make custom choices such as compression
Figure 2.11 More custom printing settings.
iii) Click OK
iv) Click OK to print
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Chapter 2
Edit
The second feature on the Menu. Edit is used to fix recent mistakes,
move text around, and to delete blocks of text. If you plan on doing
any writing and editing, you will make countless visits to this spot
on the main menu.
Undo
Undo removes the last recent application, such as removing an
inserted graphic, removing newly typed text and undoing a cut.
Repeat Undo
This command exists below Undo. This puts back a recent Undo.
For example, you get rid of a graphic, then decide that you want it
back. Repeat Undo will put back the stuff you previously yanked
out of the document.
Cut
Cut removes a block of highlighted text to paste somewhere else
such as the same Word document, another Word document, or,
another program like an e-mail program.
To cut text,
Highlight text by moving the cursor into position
to the left of the first word to be cut followed by
left clicking the left mouse button and dragging the
mouse over the text to highlight it.
Figure 2.12 Text is highlighted before it is cut.
Let go of the left button when the desired text is
selected.
Click Edit
Click Cut. The text will disappear before your
eyes.
Figure 2.13 Cut is located under edit.
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Chapter 2
Place the cursor where you want the cut text.
Click paste
To place a cursor,
Move the mouse cursor and left click at the
desired spot, or, use any of the four arrow keys.
Click Edit
Click Paste to put the words at the wanted spot.
Copy
Copy allows the user to copy the same text to place elsewhere,
without losing a word.
To copy text,
Highlight text with mouse.
To highlight text, move the mouse cursor to the left
of the first word to be copied and left click the
left mouse button while pulling the mouse
downward to highlight the text.
When the desired text is highlighted, let go of the left
mouse button.
Click Edit
Click Copy
Click the left mouse button in the desired spot to
place the text.
Click paste. The copied text is placed in the spot
of choice and the text it was copied from remains
intact.
Paste
Paste puts a block of text in a desired location.
19
To paste cut or copied text,
Move the mouse cursor to the desired spot and
Left click the mouse, or, use the arrow keys to
move the cursor.
Click Edit
Click Paste. The cut or copied text will now be inserted in the wanted spot.
Clear
Clear is used to delete larger blocks of text from a document very
quickly.
To clear text,
Highlight the text. To highlight text, move the
mouse to the left of the first word to be cleared.
Then, move the mouse until the block of unwanted
text is highlighted. When the text is highlighted, let
go of the left mouse button.
Click Edit
Click Clear. The text now disappears.
To bring that text back from deletion,
Click Edit
Click Undo Clear. Do this Undo Clear immediately after the text was cleared.
Select All
Select all highlights all the text and graphics in a document. This
can save a lot of time if there is one function one wants to apply to
the whole document.
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Chapter 2
Find
The Find command is like a quick indexer. Find can be used to find
a specific word or a group of words in a document. This function
can save a person time finding a starting place in a long document.
For example, say a person wanted to go to a specific paragraph in a
document.
To get to specific spot in a document,
Click Edit
Click Find
In the white box type a unique phrase
such as ‘Chocolate with nuts’
Click Find and the program will take you to the spot
of choice. The Find function also allows the user to find
specific words, and to change those words into
something else. For example, a writer may have a
character called Paul in the document. Finding Paul
and changing all to Gary will change all the Paul words in
the document to Gary.
To find word(s),
Click Edit
Click Find
Write in the word or a phrase to search the entire
document for these words.
Click Find Next
*Note* all words that within words will show up too
unless you fill in the box to look for exact word. For
example, a search is for the word all. In this case, all
with all will show up, such as allegory, wall, and all.
21
Figure 2.14 You can find any series of word(s).
View
View exists in all Word programs. To keep things simple, use
this command to set up the Formatting Toolbar. The Forma�ing
Toolbar is very helpful when writing a document. The Formatting
Toolbar allows you to bold text, italicize text, underline text, align
text. The align commands are Align left, Align Right, Align center,
and Full Justify. You can alos change the Font Sizes and the Font.
Some examples of fonts are Times New Roman, Courier, Century
Schoolbook, and Czar.
To acquire the Forma�ing toolbar,
Click View
Click Toolbars
Click Formatting.
‘Formatting’ should have an arrow ticked next to
it. Other Toolbars, like the Standard toolbar can
be activated too.
But, the Formatting Toolbar does most of the functions that
you often need, without being too flashy.
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Chapter 2
Figure 2.15 Opening the formatting toolbar.
Figure 2.16 Placement of the formatting toolbar.
Insert
Insert contains the next set of commands in the main menu. Here
are some important functions. Click Insert on the main menu to
view the choices.
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Break
Break has a few features, but, the most common use is to separate
pages. For example, a long continuous manuscript without
separated chapters can now be separated into chapters that can have
headings at the top of the page.
To insert a break,
Click Insert
Click Break.
Fill in a choice. Page break puts the words that
are located after the cursor at the top of a new page.
Figure 2.17 Click the Page break
check box.
Page Numbers
To insert page numbers,
Click Insert
Click Page Numbers.
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Chapter 2
Figure 2.18 Page number optipns.
a) Click the drop down arrow next to ‘Position’.
b) Select a position on top or bottom of page.
Figure 2.19 Selecting a location.
a) Click the drop down arrow next to ‘Alignment’
b) Choose an alignment.
Center is the easiest to work with.
Figure 2.20 Selecting an alignment.
25
Symbols
To insert a sysmbol,
Click Insert
Click symbol. A variety of symbols can be
implemented such as a degree sign(°) for temperatures
Other symbols exist in here such as the copyright symbol,
fractions, and trademark symbol.
Picture
To insert a picture,
Click Insert
Click Picture. Now there are several choices, with
File being the best custom option for designed graphics.
Clicking File will give access to whatever file you
want to add to the document. For example, you can
insert a file from C: or My Documents.
Double-clicking on a graphic of choice will put that
graphic where the cursor is positioned.
Move the mouse cursor to the corners and sides
of the graphic in order to give it a custom size and
locale.
Look for arrows to appear so that you know that you
can make the graphic a custom size. Just left click the
mouse to grab on to the side wall or the corner of the
graphic, then, make the boundary the right size and
release the mouse to leave the sized object in place.
The graphic will have its own tool bar. With the
toolbar, text can be wrapped around a graphic,
graphic borders can be made, and brighness and
contrast can be adjusted.
If the toolbar is not there, you must get it there.
26
Chapter 2
To show the picture toolbar,
Click View
Click Toolbars
Click Picture
Figure 2.21 Presenting the toolbar.
or
Right click on the graphic
Left click Show Picture Toolbar.
Figure 2.22 The Picture Toolbar options.
To wrap text,
Click the text wrap box.
Figure 2.23 Toolbars of today and yesteryears.
Make a selection
Figure 2.24 All options for text wrap.
To make a border around a graphic,
Click the graphic so that boxes surround it
Click Format
Click Borders and shading
Be creative by choosing one of the various choices,
such as line patterns.
27
28
Chapter 2
To move a graphic, one of the following three methods
can be used.
#1
Move the mouse over the graphic until a
four-sided arrow shows up.
Left click the mouse to get complete control over
the graphic.
Release the left mouse button and the graphic
stays in position.
#2
Left click on one of the boxes allows you to make
the graphic bigger or smaller. Just make sure that a
two-sided arrow shows itself when the mouse is left
clicked to move the graphic.
#3
Click on the graphic
Click Edit from the main menu
Click Cut, Clear, or Copy.
Move the cursor to the desired location
Click Edit
Click Paste. The graphic now has a new home, or,
it has a second home if it was copied. It no longer has
a home if it was cleared.
Note: Pictures and Columns
Pictures can be put in a column or between columns.
If they are put between columns, they can create a
neat effect while text wraps nicely around them.
However, if the columns are separated by a line, the
line will show up over top of the picture.
29
Format
Format is the next heading that is found in the Word program.
Some of the key commands you can apply are to change the font
size, font type, spacing, and alignment.
Note: many of the commands that can be used to edit text and
alignment exist above or below the main menu in the format
toolbar. For example, all bolding, text underlining, italics,
alignment and text coloring can be done in and out of the main
menu.
Anyway, here are a list of commands that deal with the presentation
of text that are normally grouped together in one menu and exist as
quick editing functions outside of the main menu.
Font
This is the way the words appear. Times New Roman is often the
pre-programmed font.
To change the font,
Highlight the text by clicking the left mouse
button and dragging the highlight over the section to
change.
Let go of the left mouse button
Click Font It will exist in the Format section.
When a new font is clicked, there is often a box that
shows what the new text could look like.
Click OK to change the font. Or, Click Cancel.
Other features that exist in the Font box, such as with
Microsoft Word(s) are the bold, underline, strikethru,
font sizes, and other characteristics that change the
simple typed words. In other programs, bold, italics
and font sizes may exist under one command, not
grouped together for easy use such as with Word.
30
Chapter 2
To alter a font,
Highlight the text
Click Format
Click Font
The font can be made to various sizes, types
The font can be made to look bold, italic, or under
lined. In the toolbar, the font can be made bold, italic,
or underlined. This is located a line above the commands
showing the letters, B, I, and U.
The font color can also be changed when the arrow
on the right hand side of the color box is clicked,
and a color is chosen.
Figure 2.25 Customizing a font.
Paragraph
To make changes to the paragraph,
Click Format
Click Paragraph
Click a downward pointing arrow next to a
command in order to apply a custom effect to the
document.
Click OK to finish the job. Note, text must be
highlighted in order to apply the custom-tailoring to
the text.
Three key features of the Paragraph command are;
a) Alignment (Right, Left, Center, and Justified),
b) Paragraph indentation
c) Line spacing; such as single-spaced, 1.5 times
spaced, and double-spaced.
If all the text is highlighted, one can change a single
spaced document into a double spaced document
that would please a university professor or an editor.
Figure 2.26 Line spacing.
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32
Chapter 2
To align text,
Highlight text
The text can be aligned with the toolbar.
Or,
To align text,
Click Format
Click Paragraph
Click alignment
Alignment can be made to the right, left, center,
or justified.
Aligning left will make a straight edge on the
left-hand side of the document.
Aligning right will make a straight edge on the
right-hand side.
Align center will create an equal margin to the left
and right sides of the document.
The words will have uniform spacing when align left,
align right, and align center commands are used.
Justify will have the text line up to the right and
left- hand margins of the document.
With justify, the words will not have consistent
spacing between the words throughout the
document.
Rolling the mouse over the series of lines located
next to the B, I, and U in the toolbar will show the
alignment options too.
Borders and Shading
Borders puts an outline around highlighted text. Shading puts color
behind text.
To make borders or shading,
Highlight text by putting the mouse cursor in
place, then left-click, then drag mouse to desired
spot, then let go when the desired text is highlighted
Shading puts color behind highlighted text.
Click Format
Click Borders and Shading
Borders and Shading is used to put a color behind
highlighted text, to shade color into a graphic, or to
change a color box around a graphic.
A border will put a rectangular box around selected
sentences. Clicking shading and selecting a color will
fill the box in with a color.
Figure 2.27 Custom borders and shading.
Figure 2.28 Custom colors.
33
34
Chapter 2
Draw Table:
This is used to make lines and boxes.
Clicking on the box with the lines dividing it in four will put a
rectangle around all the highlighted text
Use the pencil to make custom lines.
Columns
To make columns,
Click Format
Click Columns
Click on one of the above choices such as one
column, two columns, three columns).
Click the box next to Line Between in order to
separate the columns with lines. In Apply To:
Click from this point forward or the whole
document. If the columns are too long, a) Highlight
the emptiness of the rest of the columnafter the last
written words b) Click Edit c) Click Clear.
Figure 2.29 Column selections.
35
To get out of column mode,
Click Format
Click Columns
Click “One” in order to get rid of the columns.
If the mouse is held over a line in the columns, the
line can be moved back and forth to custom space the
columns.
If graphics are used in columns, they can be placed
within a column, or, overtop of a column. If they are
placed on top of columns that are separated by lines,
the line will go over top of the graphic and the result
will look amateurish.
Drop Cap
To make a drop cap,
Place the cursor at the start of a sentence.
Click Format
Click Drop Cap
Now make a selection from the obvious shown
choices by clicking on the sample sheet.
If you don’t like the result,
Click Edit
Click Undo to erase the Drop Cap.
Change Case
You probably never want to go here, unless someone
maliciously altered your settings.
This command is used to change text to; all capitals, all small case,
36
Chapter 2
toggle case (a small first letter and the rest of the word capital
letters), and sentence case.
Background
To make a background,
Click Format
Click Background
Choose a shown color, or, click more colors or fill
effects
Click OK.
When ‘more colors’ is clicked, there will be a choice
between standard and custom. With custom click a
color in the spectrum that is shown can be clicked.
Look at the colors and try to find the part of the
spectrum that best suits your needs. You will be able
to see the color of choice before you click OK.
Tools
Spelling and Grammar
To check spelling and grammar,
Click Tools
Click spelling and grammar to edit the document
Sentences and words can be ignored or changed.
Make sure the Check Grammar box is clicked so
that it shows a check mark.
Click Ignore to leave any slang words.
To change words,
Look at the suggestions that are offered. The
highlighted choice will be the new changed word(s).
If Word offers you more than one suggestion,
click on the preferred choice.
Click Change. Word will do the whole document
unless you exit this section by clicking the X in the
top right hand corner of the Spelling and Grammar
section.
Figure 2.30 Changing words.
Language
Thesaurus
To look for a synonym,
Click Tools
Click Language
Click Thesaurus
This feature replaces a new word with the same
meaning.
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38
Chapter 2
Figure 2.31 Choosing a synonym.
Set Language
With this function it is possible to get the desired accents for a
given language. For example, U.S. English.
Word Count
To find the current word count of the document,
Click Tools
Click Word Count. The count will be given.
Protect Document
This can be used add passwords that must be used in order to
change the words in a document or to open the document.
To protect a document,
Enter a password in the box
Click OK. Word will prompt you to confirm the
password.
Confirm password
Click OK.
39
Table
Insert Table
To insert a table,
Click Table on the main menu
Click Insert Table
A custom table can be made. The table can have
any number of rows or columns.
Figure 2.32 Table sizes.
Altering the table
Clicking on any of the surrounding table lines, vertical and horizontal, and the user can enlarge or decrease the size of a box. The
mouse will have an arrow pointing to the left and to the right (or up
and down) when the mouse cursor goes over one of the lines of a
table.
You can click the mouse and drag the line to the wanted spot, then
release to leave the box in place.
40
Chapter 2
To put words into the table,
Click the mouse cursor into a desired box.
Type some words or insert a Picture.
To insert a picture,
Click Insert
Click Picture. The box will probable change in
size.
The graphic can be custom-sized if it is left-clicked
and sized by left-clicking and dragging the mouse at
the corners of the graphic.
Clicking Enter while the cursor blinks in a cell
will add another row of the same amount of boxes to
the page.
Microsoft Excel, one of the programs in Microsoft
Office, is a simpler and better alternative to making
Tables. The cells in Excel can be copied and pasted
easily into Microsoft Word.
Window
This section can be ignored.
Help
Microsoft Word has great help. You just type in a keyword and a
list of options appears. Clicking on the desired link will find an
answer to your question.
To get help,
Click Help on the main menu
Click Microsoft Word Help.
Type in a question
41
Click Search
For whatever reason, you may be forced to work without a mouse,
or, your mouse malfunctions in a location where you cannot find
another one. Therefore, learning how to apply commands to the
document and move the cursor to a desired spot in the document is
a must.
Most Important Key= Alt; allows you to access the main menu at
any time
Second Most Important Key=Tab; moves the cursor to the next spot
(s)
Third Most Important Keys=Arrow Keys; allows you to move the
cursor in any direction, and allows you to navigate throughout the
Main Menu without a mouse
When you have no mouse and you want to make a selection from a
series of choices, hitting the Tab key will move you to the desired
choice in most commands that offer various features. You then may
need to hit arrow keys to pick the selection of choice.
Main Menu Access
To access the main menu,
Click Alt. Alt is located on the bottom row of the
keyboard.
Click Enter or Return.
Move arrows on the keyboard to navigate.
Press Alt again to exit
42
Chapter 2
Accessing Commands in the Main Menu
To access a command in the main menu,
Move the right and left arrow keys to find the
target.
Use the up or down arrow to pick a command
from one of the selections in the main menu.
Click Enter to activate a highlighted command.
Highlighting Text
To highlight text,
Click shift and hold key
Click one of the arrow keys.
The le� arrow key will highlight text that is behind the
cursor, one letter at a time.
The upward arrow will highlight a sentence at a time
that exists behind the cursor.
The right arrow will highlight text that is in front of
the cursor, one word at a time.
The upward arrow will highlight a sentence at a time
that exists in front of the cursor.
To Cut or Copy highlighted text,
Click Alt
Click Edit
Click Cut or Copy.
The cursor should be move to the spot where text
is to be inserted.
Click Edit
43
Click Paste. This will put the Cut or Copied text
next to the cursor.
If you want to remove the highlight from the text,
Click the right arrow, left arrow, or up or down
arrow on the keyboard. The black highlighting will
disappear.
Moving the Cursor
Using the arrow keys
The arrow keys on the keyboard move the cursor in all four
directions, but they are rather slow. However, they are the finetuners.
The right and left arrows move a letter space at a time. If a left or
right arrow is pushed and held with a finger, the cursor will move
continuously.
The up and down arrow keys move the cursor up or down one
sentence at a time. The up or down arrows will move continuously
if the key is held.
Page Up (PgUp) and Page Down (PgDn)
These commands skip through a document rather fast. Several
sentences get skipped at a time.
Enter or Return
This command will scroll downwards, but if there is text after the
cursor, all the text moves as well. This best used to make some
space after a section of text.
Backspace
This moves the cursor backwards, erasing all the words that get in
the way.
Del (Delete)
This leaves the cursor in place while words move backwards and
44
Chapter 2
get erased.
End
This moves the cursor to the end of the current sentence.
Home
This moves the cursor to the beginning of the sentence.
Short Cut Keys
Short cut keys are commands that you can make with the keyboard.
They can save you invaluable time; especially commands like cut,
copy, select all, paste and save.
CUT = Ctrl+X
COPY = Ctrl+C
SELECT ALL = Ctrl+A
PASTE = Ctrl+V
BOLD = Ctrl+B
ITALIC = Ctrl+I
UNDERLINE = Ctrl+U
DOUBLE UNDERLINE = Ctrl+Shift+D
ALIGN LEFT = Ctrl+L
ALIGN RIGHT = Ctrl+R
SAVE = Ctrl+S
HIGHLIGHTING TEXT = Shift+arrow key (left, right, up, or
down)
Note: If the cursor is at the far left of the screen, and the
Shift+down arrow key is used, the sentence with the cursor will
become highlighted.
ALIGN CENTER = Ctrl+E
JUSTIFY = Ctrl+J
PAGEBREAK = Ctrl+Enter
FIND = Ctrl+F
45
Note: These commands do the reverse effect if they are applied to
words that have been changed. For example, pressing Ctrl+B will
remove the bolding from bold text.
CHAPTER 3
MICROSOFT
WORDWORD
2007
2007
W
ord 2007 is the version of Word that followed Word 2003.
Unlike Word 97-2003, Word 2007 does not have the same
familiar look such as the main menu. However, it contains many
of the same commands and adds a few more. Hence, this chapter
is dedicated specifically to Word 2007 and not mixed in with the
other Word versions. At first glance, it looks new and appealing
compared to earlier Word versions. However, under the make-up of
the sleek looks is a program which will take more time to become
familiar. Although it looks good, it is a Word processing class
software application which works excellent for writing and editing
documents. But, it falls short to book layout programs like Adobe
InDesign.
If this is your first time using Word, you may want to start with
Word 2007 to stay current, or, you can use an older version if your
computer is outdated. If your plan is to work with a publishing
house, there is a good chance that Word will be used to edit files
that will be sent back and forth between you and an editor. The
valuable command that is used for editing Word files is ‘track
changes’ which exists in all Word programs. You should remember
that files can be shared between people using any version of
Word if they are saved in compatible formats like Word 97-2003
document, rtf, and txt.
With Word 2007, there are seven headings which contain a set
of functions. The seven headings are Home, Insert, Page Layout,
Reference, Mailings, Review and View.
This chapter explain the basics to get up and running and it displays
various important features in each heading. This chapter will help
48
Chapter 3
you do what you want to do without making you flip through
hundreds of pages of fluff.
To start a project with Word 2007,
Click the Office Button that is located in the top
left hand corner of Word 2007.
Figure 3.1 Word 2007 is activated.
To start a new document with Word 2007,
a) You can type, voice dictate immediately be
cause Word 2007 automatically loads a blank page
when you start the program.
or
b) You can start a new document anytime, even if
another document is opened.
Microsoft Word 2007
Figure 3.2 Starting a new blank document.
To open a file with Word 2007,
Click the Office button in the top left hand corner
of the screen.
Figure 3.3 The office button’s features.
Click Open
Note: After a document is opened once, Word puts it
in a list or ‘Recent Documents’. This makes it more
efficient to open frequently used documents.
49
50
Chapter 3
Figure 3.4 a The open command is presented.
Figure 3.4 b Select a file.
Click on a file to select the file
Click Open
Microsoft Word 2007
51
Home, on the menu has the popular commands which can be used
to edit. Each command and action is shown in the table.
Figure 3.5 Tools to edit text.
‘Home’ Commands
Font selection
Font size
Bold text
Underline text
Italic text
Copy
Cut
Paste
Select all
Line Spacing
Undo
Redo
Finding text
Action
Changes the font at cursor or
to highlighted text.
Changes font size at cursor
or to highlighted text.
Makes highlighted text
thicker.
Underlines highlighted text
Make italics to highlighted
text.
Copies text to be pasted elsewhere and text remains.
Removes text to be pasted
elsewhere.
Puts copied or cut text at the
cursor.
Highlights all text.
Set the distance between
lines of highlighted text.
Removes last application.
Redos an application.
Searches doc for word(s)
52
Chapter 3
To change the font,
Highlight selected text or place cursor where you
want a new font.
Click Home
3.5.
Click the arrow next to the font box. See figure
Select a font
To change the font size,
Highlight selected text or place cursor where you
want a new font.
Click Home
Click the arrow next to the box where the font
size is displayed box. See figure 3.5.
Select a font
To make text bold,
Highlight text that you want to make bold.
Click Home
Click the ‘B in the toolbar. See figure 3.5.
To make text with italics,
Highlight text that you want to make bold.
Click Home
Click the ‘I’ in the toolbar. See figure 3.5.
To underline text,
Highlight text that you want to underline.
Microsoft Word 2007
53
Click Home
Click the ‘U’ in the toolbar. See figure 3.5.
To copy text,
Highlight text that you want to copy.
Click Home
3.5.
Click the ‘Copy’ icon in the toolbar. See figure
To cut text,
Highlight text that you want to cut.
Click Home
Click the ‘Cut’ icon which are the scissors in the
toolbar. See figure 3.5.
To paste text,
Place the cursor where you want the text pasted.
Click Home
3.5.
Click the ‘Paste’ icon in the toolbar. See figure
To highlight all text in a document,
Click Home
Click Select
Choose Select all.
Line Spacing
Making spaces between lines is a feature that can be used to change
the look of a document, or, to conform to an editor’s wish. Many
54
Chapter 3
editors want the document double spaced so that they can edit and
add notes bewteen the lines of text.
To change line spacing,
Highlight text that you want to space.
Click Home
Click the Line Spacing icon. See figure 3.5.
Select the desired line spacing.
Figure 3.6 Line spacing.
To find text,
Click Home
Click the Find icon. See figure 3.5.
Put a word or series of word that you want t find.
Figure 3.7 Finding word(s).
Select the desired line spacing.
Microsoft Word 2007
55
To undo text that is typed,
Click the undo icon. See figure 3.5.
To redo an application that was undone,
Click the redo icon. See figure 3.5.
Insert
Page Break
As a document gets longer and longer, you may want to break it
up into sections or chapters that will keep the pages with the same
layout. The page break command does this.
To insert a page break at the cursor,
Click Insert
Click Page Break
Figure 3.8 Page break.
Track Changes
The track changes command is a valuable tool to see what changes
are made to a document and to write comments about a document.
These tools are often used bewteen an editor and a writer when
changes are made to a document.
56
Chapter 3
To track the changes,
Click Review
Click ‘Track Changes’
Figure 3.9 Tracking changes.
Figure 3.10 Changes show up in the document.
Columns
Columns can be added to any part of a document.
To make a column to specific text,
Highlight text
Click Page layout
Click Columns
Select the desired amount of columns.
Microsoft Word 2007
Figure 3.11 Columns can be inserted anywhere.
Spelling and Grammar
To check the spelling and grammar,
Click review
Click spelling and Grammar
a) Select Change to make a correction.
b) Select ignore if you don’t want to make a change.
Figure 3.12 Spelling and grammar check.
57
58
Chapter 3
Thesaurus
To find a similar word with the Thesaurus,
Click review
Highlight the chosen word
Click Thesaurus
View the words with similar meaning.
Figure 3.13 Finding new words.
Various types of objects from a picture to a chart can be inserted into
a document where the cursor is placed.
Figure 3.14 Inserting pictures and artwork.
Command
Picture
Table
Smart Art
Chart
Clip Art
Shapes
Action
Microsoft Word 2007
Pictures
To insert a picture into a Word 2007 document,
Place the cursor where you want the picture inserted.
Click Insert
Click Picture
Select a picture
Click Insert
Figure 3.15 Inserting a picture.
To make changes to the picture,
Method A
Right click on the picture.
Make a selection.
The ‘Format Picture’ command contains a set of commands which you can use to make borders colors,
border styles, add 3-D rotation, alter brightness and
contrast, and add shadows.
Note: If you are unsatified with a change you can use
the undo command to get rid of the last change.
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60
Chapter 3
Figure 3.16 Options.
Right Click Commands
Cut
Copy
Change Picture
Insert Caption
Text Wrap
Size
Format Picture
Action
Removes the current picture
from its position so that it
can be pasted elsewhere.
Copies the current picture so
that it can be pasted elsewhere.
Takes the current picture
out and puts a new one in its
place.
Places a caption under the
picture just like you see in
books.
Presents the manner for
which text is located in relation to a picture.
Changes picture size.
Allows several commands.
See the next table under Format Picture Commnad.
Microsoft Word 2007
To insert a caption,
Select ‘Insert Caption’
Figure 3.17 Inserting a caption.
In the ‘Caption:’ box, select the words for each
caption like Figure 1.
Click OK
Figure 3.18 Caption.
Add text to the caption after it is inserted under
the picture.
61
62
Chapter 3
To insert text wrap,
Select ‘Text Wrapping’
Select a style of wrap
Format Picture Commands
Action
Line Color
Changes color of picture
border
Line Style
Changes the style of a picture border
Shadow
Applies a shadow around a
picture
3-D rotation
Rotates the image in 3-D
Picture
Adjusting brightness/contrast
Figure 3.19 Picture borders and styles.
Microsoft Word 2007
Figure 3.20 More picture effects.
Method B
Click on the picture. The format toolbar will pop
up in the menu
Figure 3.21 Picture toolbar.
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64
Chapter 3
Make a selection with the format toolbar such as
size, border, brightness/contrast, and picture shape.
Smart Art
To insert ‘Smart Art’ into a Word 2007 document,
Place the cursor where you want the smart art inserted.
Click Insert
Click Smart Art
Select a graphic
Click OK
Figure 3.22 Inserting smart art.
To make changes to the new graphic,
Click on a text box
Write the new text
Microsoft Word 2007
Figure 3.23 Editing smart art.
Charts
To insert a chart into a Word 2007 document,
Place the cursor where you want the chart inserted.
Click Insert
Click Chart
Select a chart
Figure 3.24 Adding a chart to the document.
65
66
Chapter 3
Click OK
Tables
To insert a table into a Word 2007 document,
Place the cursor where you want the table inserted.
Click Insert
Select ‘Table’
a) Drag the mouse over the boxes to make the number of rows and columns
Figure 3.25 Inserting a table.
or
b) Click ‘Table’, write the number of desired rows and
columns, and click OK
Microsoft Word 2007
Figure 3.26 Making table size.
To save a file in Word 2007,
Click the Office button on the top left hand corner
of the screen.
Figure 3.27 Microsoft Office button.
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68
Chapter 3
Click Save as
Make a selection for the type of file you want to
save.
Note: Files saved as a Word 97-2003 document can be
opened and edited in all versions of Word.
To print a file in Word 2007,
Click the Office button on the top left hand corner
of the screen
Click print
Figure 3.28 Printing options.
a) If your printer is already customized select
Quick Print or
Microsoft Word 2007
b) Make a selection for the printer and custom
or settings, if necessary.
Figure 3.29 Custom printing settings.
Figure 3.30 Custom printer settings.
Click Print.
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70
Chapter 3
Drop Caps
To insert a drop cap,
Click Insert
Click Drop Cap
a) Make a selection or b) Click Drop Cap Options and make a
selection.
Figure 3.31 Styles printer
Page Numbers
Figure 3.32
Style options.
To insert page numbers,
Click Insert
Click page Number
Select a location
Select a style
Figure 3.33 Page numbers
Page Setup
To change the layout size,
Click Page Layout
Click Size
Select a size.
Figure 3.34 Page size.
CHAPTER 43
VOICE DICTATION
SOFTWARE
V
oice dictation software takes spoken words and transfers the
words into a ‘word processor’ document. Dragon is a popular
program. Windows Vista has a dictation program.
The programs are very easy to use, and they are very accurate.
However, if the program makes the odd mistake, it is very easy to
correct the error because the text can be edited just as you would in
a word processing program like Microsoft Word. In fact, you can
voice dictate into Microsoft word.
Although you probably can talk faster than you type, you may not
like writing without using your hands.
To set up your microphone in Dragon,
Open the Dragon program
a) Click Start
b) Click All Programs
c) Click Dragon Naturally Speaking
Plug in your microphone.
Match the plugs to the correct sockets. The computer
and the plugs will show the matching symbols.
Position your microphone.
72
Chapter 4
Click Next
Figure 4.1 Microphone placement.
Click Start Microphone Check.
Figure 4.2 Checking the microphone volume.
Figure 4.3 Microphone check is successful.
Note: If the microphone volume check is successful,
you will see the above diagram. Go to step #6.
If the microphone needs adjustment follow the next
steps.
To raise or lower the microphone volume,
a) Open the volume control from the Window’s
taskbar located at the bottom right corner of the
computer screen.
To open the volume control se�ings,
i) Double click on the Volume Control icon
or
ii) Right click on the icon
iii) Click Open Volume Control
Figure 4.4
Sound Icon.
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74
Chapter 4
Figure 4.5 Volume control is located on the taskbar.
Figure 4.6 Volume control options.
b) Click Options
c) Click Properties
d) Click Recordiing
e) Adjust the volume slider to the middle.
Figure 4.7 Volume control options.
f) Retest the volume level
g) Click Start Volume Check
Figure 4.8 Starting a volume check.
Click ‘Start Quality’ Check
Figure 4.9 Starting a quality check.
Start the training process
a) Click Go
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b) Read the sentence
Figure 4.10 Starting Dragon training.
Select the text you want to read.
Figure 4.11 Choosing text to read.
Speak into the microphone while you read the
text. Dragon will prompt you when you are finished.
Figure 4.12 Reading the text.
To set up a user for Dragon,
Click ‘Naturally Speaking’ in the main menu.
Figure 4.13 Setting up a Dragon user.
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Chapter 4
Click ‘Open Recent User’
You may get a window asking you to improve
recognition according to your writing style.
If you are prompted, click Start
Figure 4.14 Opening a recent user.
Click Finish to finish the set-up for a new user
Figure 4.15 Finishing a new user setup.
To begin dictating,
Click Tools
Click Dragonpad
Figure 4.16 Starting a dictation session.
Or, any other program that can be used for editing
text can be used to dictate words when you speak
into the microphone.
Examples of other programs are Microsoft Word,
Adobe PageMaker, Adobe InDesign, and Quark
Express.
Click ‘Naturally Speaking’
Click ‘Turn Microphone On’
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Chapter 4
Figure 4.17 Turning on a microphone.
Speak into the microphone and watch the words
appear.
The three key commands for using Dragon are:
period, comma, exclamation mark, and scratch that.
Saying ‘period’ will place a period.
Saying ‘comma’ will place a comma.
Saying ‘exclamation mark’ will place an exclamation
mark.
Saying ‘scratch that’ will delete the last series of
words that are dictated. If ‘scratch that’ is used
a second time, more text or a punctuation will be
deleted. ‘Scratch that’ can be used as many times as
you like.
Figure 4.18 Dictated words appear on the screen.
.
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CHAPTER
CHAPTER
000
5
OPTICAL CHARACTER
RECOGNITION
O
ptical character recognition programs can quickly take a typed
or printed document and turn it into a text file. This is a great
way to save a document that is not on disk. A popular program for
text recognition is Textbridge.
The OCR program is very easy to use. Documents are scanned
into files, then, the OCR program reads the text and displays a text
file. OCR programs work very accurately with typed or printed
text. Although the exact accuracy will vary from different scanned
sources, you can get close to 100% accuracy.
Some OCR programs can be trained to read handwriting, but, you
may find this process slow, tedious, and inaccurate.
To open Textbridge,
Click Start
Click All Programs or Programs
Click Textbridge
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To use Textbridge OCR from a scanned page,
Click Get Pages
Figure 5.1 Starting the process.
Open image file
Click Open
Figure 5.2 Selecting the file with the text.
Click Recognize
Figure 5.3 Let the OCR program recognize the text.
Figure 5.4 Recognizing procedure.
t
Look at the highlighted word that is located next
to the word ‘Suspect’. This text will be highlighted in
he document too.
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Chapter 5
Figure 5.5 Locate the suspect box.
a) Fix the spelling in the box next to ‘Suspect’
b) Click ‘Accept’
Figure 5.6 Fixing suspect words.
Or
a) Edit the document later in a program like Microsoft
Word.
Click Save As
Save the text in various formats like Word or .RTF
Click Save
Figure 5.7 Saving the file as editable text.
Edit the file in Microsoft Word. Using a spell
check should find any small errors.
Figure 5.8 The file can be edited in a word processor.
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CHAPTER
CHAPTER 46
ADOBE
ADOBE PAGEMAKER
PAGEMAKER
5.0-7.0
5.0-7.0
P
ageMaker is a good choice for making newsletters, brochures,
books, and other business publishing applications with the
templates that are included with the software.
PageMaker has been a popular choice for publishing documents.
However, Adobe has discontinued making new versions of
PageMaker, yet continue to sell PageMaker 7.0. The reason for the
change is that Adobe has a program called InDesign that is a better
program for publishing. Although PageMaker is not as ‘high end’
as InDesign, it is ultimately the person who does the best layout
work that will get the best results.
PageMaker is a good choice for someone whose computer does
not have more than 128 mb ram. Furthermore, it is a very easy
to use InDesign if you decide at sometime to move on to more
advanced software because the interface is very similar. In the
meantime, PageMaker is still a better program for laying out books,
magazines, and their desktop applications than word processing
programs.
This chapter about PageMaker covers the different parts of the
program that are used to manipulate text and graphics. Each section
will give explanations how to make an application.
However, if you want step-by-step quickstart instructions, go to
section F at the end of this chapter.
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Chapter 6
The functions of the Toolbox should be learned in order to make
good use of the PageMaker program.
Figure 6.1 PageMaker’s Toolbox helps create the layout.
When PageMaker is flashed up, the toolbox should be seen on the
monitor. The Toolbar consists of 14 separate boxes.
Text Tool
The text tool (the letter T) is located next to the ponter tool at the
top of the Toolbox. Refererence diagram 6.1. If text is to be written,
the T should be clicked. The text box will lighten up. The cursor
can be placed anywhere and text can be written.
The Pointer Tool
The pointer tool is the power tool. It is used for many applications
such as moving graphics, changing size of graphics, deleting
graphics, altering drawing sizes and shapes made from the drawing
tools in the Toolbox and moving text to a new page.
Adobe PageMaker
Rotate Tool
The rotation tool is used to rotate a graphic or text.
To rotate a graphic,
Click on a graphic
Click on the rotation tool
Figure 6.2 Tool for rotating objects.
Rotate the graphic
Figure 6.3 Rotated graphic.
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To rotate text;
Click in the document until the lines with the
handles show up
Move the handle over the desired text
Go to the toolbox and click on the rotate tool
Figure 6.4 Tool used for rotating text.
With a mouse, move the text how you want it
presented
Figure 6.5 Rotated text.
Adobe PageMaker
Cropping Tool
The Cropping Tool is used to cut out some of a graphic.
To crop a graphic,
Clicking on a graphic with the pointer tool or
cropping tool
Figure 6.6 Boxes surround the graphic.
Click the cropping tool to activate it.
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Figure 6.7 Cropping tool.
Drag one of the corners or side black boxes until
the section you want to cut out gets cut out.
Figure 6.8 Cropped image.
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95
The next two tools (5 - 6) are used to make lines. Ref
diagram 6.9.
Figure 6.9 Drawing simple lines.
Rectangular Tools
The next two commands are the rectangle tool and the rectangle tool
with an X inside of the rectangle. Reference diagram 6.10. The box
on the left is made for rectangles. Any line thickness and color can
be customized. The rectangle on the right-hand side, works well for
placing graphics and aligned text inside of the rectangle or square.
To change the pa�ern inside the rectangle,
Right click on the rectangle with the polygon tool
or the pointer tool.
Click fill and stroke
Make choices
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Chapter 6
Figure 6.10 Rectangle with text.
Eliptical Tools
The next two tools (9 - 10) do the same thing as the rectangular tools
with the only difference being the circular. Reference diagram 6.11.
The box on the left is made for elliptical design. Any line
thickness and color can be customized. The ellipse on the
right-hand side is used is used to make ellipses for which graphics
and aligned text can be inserted inside of the circle.
To change the pa�ern inside the ellipse,
Right click on the ellipse with the polygon tool
Make choices
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Figure 6.11 Ellipses with and without text.
Polygon Tools
The next two tools (11-12) make polygon shapes.
The box on the left is made for a polygon design. Any line
thickness and color can be customized. The polygon on the right-hand
side is used is used to make polygons for which graphics and aligned
text can be inserted inside of the circle.
To draw a polygon,
Click a polygon tool
Left click the mouse and drag the mouse until
you get the size and desired shape.
To change the pa�ern inside the polygon,
Right click on the polygon with the polygon tool
Make choices
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Chapter 6
Figure 6.12 A polygon with text and one without.
To make a polygon with a different number of sides,
Click the right polygon tool
Click Polygon Settings
Figure 6.13 Custom settings
for a polygon.
Adobe PageMaker
Put in a specific number
Figure 6.14 Adding more sides.
Click OK
Figure 6.15 An octagon.
To make a unique shape,
Click the right polygon tool
Make a single click on the page
Move the mouse to a new place
Click the mouse
Repeat for all new lines
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Figure 6.16 Irregular polygon.
Hand Tool
The hand tool (13) is used in layout mode to move the pages to a
desired position. Reference diagram 6.17.
To move a page,
Left click the mouse on a page and drag the pages
where you want them.
Magnifying tool
The magnifying glass (14) is used to magnify the document.
To magnify the page,
Click the magnifying tool.
Click the page.
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Figure 6.17 Hand Tool.
Basically, the toolbar has shortcuts to commands that exist in the
main menu. Below, is a listing of those commands.
Figure 6.18 PageMaker’s Toolbar.
The menu has the following headings; File, Edit, Layout, Type,
Element, Utilities, View, Window and Help
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Chapter 6
Figure 6.19 Main menu at the the top of the program.
Many books are written regarding functions of most
commands. This section will not mention all the commands. But,
the commands mentioned should do almost everything wanted.
Also, the commands are meant to be a useful guide for versions of
PageMaker from 5.0 - 7.0.
File
All of the commands in this section are in the main menu under the
heading file.
To access any of the following commands,
Click File in the main menu
New
To start a new document,
Click File
Click New. This starts a new document. The
document will be pre-programmed to do letter
size documents which is the most common size.
The size of the document can be adjusted to a custom
size.
Click OK.
Adobe PageMaker
Figure 6.20 Starting a new file.
Open
To open a document,
Click File
Click Open
Click on the file
Click Open
Figure 6.21 The file location.
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Close
This command will close a document.
To close a document,
Click File
Click Close
Save
This command is used to save a document on the hard disk, floppy
disk or any other storage medium on the required drive. The
document should be given a name before it is saved, or, it will be
named untitled-1.
The save command is also very helpful so that accident doesn’t
lose work. Battery failure and fatigue can make a person lose hours
of work if. the computer crashes and needs a re-boot. Better ‘save’
than sorry.
To save the document,
Click File
Click Save
Save As
A document can be saved in various disk drives with this function.
It is a good button to push for saving a new version of a piece of
work. In other words, it saves the new drafts with different names
so that there is always back up documents.
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Figure 6.22 Saving to a specific location.
To save the document in another name,
Click File
Click Save as
Write a file name
Click Save
Revert
Revert brings back a document to its last saved version. With this
feature, the document can be undergo experimentation. And, if the
work is not up to standards, clicking Revert will put it back to the
last saved version.
To revert the document back to the last saved version,
Click File
Click Revert
Click OK
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Chapter 6
Place
To place a file into a PageMaker publication,
File
Click Place
Choose the file.
To bring the image from another drive or folder,
a) Click on the downward pointing arrow to the
right of the white box.
Click Open
Note: If the pointer tool is active the graphic will be
placed as an independent graphic. If the text tool is
active, the graphic will be placed as an inline graphic.
The difference is that an independent graphic does
not stay locked in position and can be moved where
you desire, but an inline graphic stays locked in
position.
Resize the graphic with the pointer tool.
Figure 6.23 Locating the file to place.
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Export
For the newer versions, like Acrobat 6.0-8.0, clicking the export
function will show Adobe PDF or HTML.
For making a PDF file, the full version of Adobe Acrobat 3.0 - 5.0
is needed. If Acrobat is installed properly, couple of obvious commands will do this transfer to a PDF file. Pdf is a great way to save
a PageMaker document to be published on the web.
For making a web publishable HTML file,
Click File
Click Export
Figure 6.24 Making a file for the web.
Click HTML. From here, things get a little more
complicated. For older versions like PageMaker 5.0
the export setting can send a document to another
directory. The file can be exported in various formats
such as text or rich text format (RTF).
The problem with export HTML is that you do not an
exact page that you see in PageMaker. The page gets
changed upon conversion.
HTML is best left to HTML editors like FrontPage.
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Chapter 6
Figure 6.25 Exporting to an HTML file.
Links Manager
Graphics that are placed in PageMaker are linked files.
The linked files can be stored in the publication, or another drive,
or they can be unlinked from the publication. Linking allows you to
save more versions on your hard drive while using less space. If the
links are not correct when you print, the pictures may look a little
distorted.
When a graphic is changed, the link should be updated to the new
name, or the old file should be deleted and the new file contains the
same name of the previous file.
To check the status of the linked files,
Click File
Click Links Manager
files
Look at each line showing the status of linked
Click on a line
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Figure 6.26 Information for linked files.
Click Info to see where link should be.
Figure 6.27 Location of the link.
Click Options to Store copy in Publication or to
Update automatically.
Figure 6.28 Link is stored.
Print
All printer drivers for your specific printer will have custom set-
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ups. In other words, when you set up the settings of one printer the
commands on the screen will be presented in a different manner
than a different printer.
In general, Print just does what it says. However, often the settings
need to change with the paper quality, color, presentation quality
and rough draft. More ink normally means better output. However,
using more ink costs more money and the document takes longer to
print.
To start a printing job,
Click File
Click Print
Check that all printing settings are adequate;
mainly the printer, dpi, and color setting.
To customize more printing settings,
You can allow the printer to do a job such as;
printing all pages, a specific group of pages(Ranges),
and printing Both Pages, Odd Pages, or Even Pages.
Figure 6.29 Setting up to print.
Click Set-up. The final customizing can be done
here; depending on your printer brand.
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Figure 6.30 Custom printing selections.
Click on a Printout setting such as Automatic,
Black Text, Color Graphics, Color Photo, or Grayscale.
Click on a Print Quality setting such as Normal,
Presentation, or Fast. Media can also be selected such
as Plain Paper and Glossy Paper. A Media size can be
chosen too. Letter or Envelope are media sizes.
Document Set-up or Page Set-Up
This feature shows the page set-up. Changes can be made here to
change the page layout at the margins and the page dimensions.
It is recommended to make the correct dimensions when the
document is introduced in PageMaker.
To change the document size,
Click File
Click Document Set Up
Select a size
Click OK
To resize the text to fit the new page size,
Click the pointer tool
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Click the page
Figure 6.31 Lines appear above and below the
page when the pointer tool is clicked on a page.
Drag the handles to fit the page
Adobe PageMaker
Figure 6.32 Resized page.
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To make a larger page size and add a column for sidebars,
Change the page size. The technique was
described in the previous set of instructions.
Add a column.
To add a column,
a) Click Layout
b) Click Column Guides
c) Enter 2 for a second column
Figure 6.33 Adding columns.
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Click on the column and slide it into the desired
position
Add new text or graphics into the second column
without affecting the layout in the main layout.
Figure 6.34 A second column.
Exit
Exit is used to close the PageMaker program. Alternatively,
clicking the X in the top right corner will shut down the PageMaker
program too.
To exit PageMaker,
Click File
Click Exit
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Edit
Undo Edit
Undo changes the last applied function. For example, if a graphic
was resized, clicking undo can put it back to where it was before it
was tampered with.
This function is not worth relying on after doing something
to the document. Often it works for undoing an error, but, it is
often unavailable when you need to use it. Again, this is where
continuous saves and reverting the document give the controls.
Revert and Save are reliable options.
To undo an application,
Click Edit
Click Undo
Cut
This function cuts out a piece of text to be placed elsewhere,
such as the same document, another PageMaker file, or another
application like Word 97-2003 and Word 2007. In order to cut text,
the text tool in the toolbox must be active. It is located at the top
right corner in the toolbox.
To cut text,
Highlight text
Click Edit
Click Cut.
To place the text,
Click Edit
Click Paste
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Copy
Copying is highlighting text and copying that section to be placed
in the same document, another PageMaker file, an email program,
or a word processing program such as Word.
Before text can be copied, the text tool in the toolbox must be
active. This is the top right box in the toolbox.
To highlight, copy, and paste text,
The mouse should be move to the desired spot.
Left click and hold the click.
Slide the mouse along the mouse pad until the
wanted text is highlighted.
Release mouse button
Click Edit
Click Copy.
Click Edit
Click Paste will put the text in the desired
location, next to the cursor.
Clear
To clear text,
Highlight text
Click Clear. All the highlighted text will be gone.
Paste
Pasting is placing text or a graphic that was Cut or Copied
To paste Copied or Cut text or graphics,
Click Edit
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Click Paste.
*Note: The Text tool is used to paste text and the
Pointer tool for graphics.*
Select All
This command will highlight all the text. The command will work
in layout mode and the Story Editor.
However, the text tool must be activated.
To select all of the text,
Click Edit
Click Select all
Insert Object
This command inserts objects. Objects can be files from other
locations, or, they can be Adobe Tables.
Adobe tables can be made into any shape and size, and then resized
in the layout mode. Or, they can be made to a specific size. With
tables, text will move and the table will stay put. They should be
checked on before any document becomes printed so that they exist
in the right place.
To insert an object,
Click Edit
Click Insert Object
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Chapter 6
Figure 6.35 Selecting an object.
Edit Story
This command brings the user into a word processor. The whole
document can be edited here just as it could be edited in other word
processing programs. However, it is not a what you see is what you
get program (wysiwyg). Instead, features such as line spacing and
alignments will look different from the layout mode.
The Story Editor is a great place to edit while doing a layout at the
same time.
To access the Story Editor,
Use the text tool
Place the cursor within the document.
Click Edit
Click Edit Story
.
Adobe PageMaker
Figure 6.36 The view in story editor.
To exit Story Editor,
Click Edit
Click Edit Layout.
Layout
Go To Page
To go to a page,
Click Layout
Click Go to page
Put in a page number
Click OK.
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Figure 6.37 Going to a page number.
An easier alternative to get to a specific page,
Click a page from the page numbers at the bottom of the screen. If there are no pager numbers,
clicking the middle box between the X and - minus
sign will activate the numbering on the bottom for
easy access to any page.
Insert Pages
This command can be used to add blank pages before or after a current page in a document. The commands are easy to follow.
To insert pages,
Fill in a box to select the desired amount of pages.
Click Insert. The pages can be placed before, after,
and in between pages.
Click OK
Figure 6.38 Inserting pages.
Adobe PageMaker
Remove Pages
This command removes pages before or after a current page.
To remove pages,
Fill in the amount of pages to remove. There will
be a section for before and after the current page.
Click OK to remove the unwanted pages. If
Cancel is clicked, nothing happens and the work
shows up untouched.
Figure 6.39 Removing pages.
Column Guides
This command makes custom columns.
To insert columns,
Click column guides
Insert the number of columns for the left and
right page, and the space if you want.
Click Set left and Right pages separately.
Click Adjust Layout. The columns and amount of
columns will now be on the correct pages. Normally,
two to three columns is more than enough to give the
column effect.
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Chapter 6
Figure 6.40 Inserting columns.
Note: The columns can be custom spaced. Just click
on the left mouse button and drag into position.
Release the mouse when the positioning is made.
Type
Font
To change a font,
Click the text tool from the toolbox.
Click Type
Click Font
Pick a font
When more is clicked, more fonts are available to
choose from.
Size
To change font size,
Click Type
Click Size; when a size is picked that size will be
available where the cursor is placed.
Adobe PageMaker
Or
Highlight text
Click a size for that specific block of text
Type Style
To change the style of text,
Click Type
Click Type Style. This will bold text, underline
text, strike thru (puts a line through text as though a
mistake was made), reverses text, and puts in italics.
Arrows next to the commands will show what styles
are used. For example, if text is bolded a check will
appear next to the bold when type style is clicked.
Text must be highlighted before type style does a
function. In this case, only the highlighted block of
text will show the chosen style(s)
Expert Tracking
The text tool in the toolbox must be active.
To apply expert tracking,
Highlight text
Click Type
Click Expert Tracking.
Choose one of the straightforward commands
such as very loose, tight, very tight, normal and loose.
The highlighted text will either tighten or loosen the
space between the words. This is fine-tuning tool.
Expert Kerning
The text tool in the toolbox must be active.
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Chapter 6
To apply expert kerning,
Highlight text
Click Type
Click Expert Kerning
Move the setting to a desired position. Look at the
sample text move to see how spaces between the
letters change.
Click OK or Cancel. Ok makes it a go. Clicking
Cancel will abort the command.
Paragraph
This makes custom indents for paragraph spacing and page breaks.
Pagebreaks are a must to keep chapter headings and the chapter
contents in the desired spots when new text is added elsewhere in
the document.
Figure 6.41 Inserting page breaks.
Adobe PageMaker
To make a pagebreak,
Click Type
Click Paragraph
Hit the box that says Pagebreak before.
Most of this stuff should have been fine-tuned in a
word processing program such as Microsoft Word.
Note: If you want to insert a Page Break click in the
box next to Pagebreak before. A page break will keep
a page from scrolling if new words are added to
a previous page.
If page break is not used, a chapter heading may
appear in the middle of a new page if new words
are added to the previous page(s).
Alignment
To align text a certain way,
Click Type
Click Alignment
Click a) Align left, b) Align center, c) Align right,
d) Justify, or e) Force justify
Align left is the feature that most literature and paper
documents use.
Align center is good for making a few lines of text
centered and ordered in the document.
Justify leaves no gaps at the beginning and end of a
sentence, but, the spaces between words will change
minutely from sentence to sentence.
Align right aligns the text on the right hand side of
the page.
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Element
Fill
This function is used for tools in the toolbox such as the rectangle
tool, hexagon tool, and ellipse tool, and for graphics that were
imported into the document. When a box or circle is to be edited,
make sure that there are little boxes surrounding the surrounding
the box or circle. The boxes will be there right after a box or circle
is made. Clicking the pointer tool in the toolbox will activate the
squares surrounding the drawing.
To fill a circle, rectangle, or square made from the toolbox,
Click Element
Click Fill. Clicking paper will make the drawing
white, clicking solid makes everything black, and
clicking one of the lined patterns gives you what you
see.
To put the design behind text,
Click Arrange
Click Send to back for a background pattern.
Stroke
Stroke is used to change the thickness or design of lines made from
the ellipse tool, rectangle tool, hexagon tool, or the line tool.
For stroke to work,
Make sure the Pointer Tool in the toolbox is active
by clicking on the arrow in the top left hand corner of
the toolbox.
Click the line, box, circle, or hexagon that you
want to apply changes to. A series of small boxes will
surround the line when the line is clicked.
Click Element
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127
Click Stroke
Choose a pattern or line thickness for the line that
is being altered. The added choice will now appear in
the document.
Fill and Stroke
Fill and stroke is used to add thickness and design to circles, boxes
and lines that are made from the functions in the toolbox.
For fill and stroke to work,
Make sure the pointer tool is active
Click on the box or circle so that a series of
small boxes surrounds the lines.
Click Fill and Stroke. The line thickness and
patterns for a circle can be made here.
Click OK or cancel.
Fill and Stroke combines the actions that exist in the
separate fill command and stroke command.
Figure 6.42 Fiill and stroke.
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Chapter 6
Arrange
For PageMaker 5.0 the command will be Bring to front, and Send
to back.
Using this command helps arrange text behind graphics and to put
text on top of graphics.
To arrange the order of text and graphics,
Make sure the pointer tool is active
Click on a graphic or other object such as a drawn
square with color.
Click Element
Click Arrange
Click Bring to front or Send to back. Bring to
front and Send to back do exactly what they say.
This feature is great for making custom backgrounds,
especially if the graphic works well with all of the
colors in the document
Text Wrap
Text wrap is a valuable tool.
It does exactly what it says, wraps text around a graphic.
To use text wrap,
Click on a graphic using the pointer tool
Click Element
Clicking Text wrap
In text wrap, click the middle page on the top
row. There will be six pages to choose from. Custom
distances set between the graphic and text can be
made here or they can be custom made.
Click OK.
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Figure 6.43 Text wrap options.
To customize text wrap,
With the pointer tool, click on a graphic that has
text wrapped around it.
Click on one of the small boxes on the outside
box to make custom wrap distances around the graphic.
Image
Rule #1 with this function; the image must be a TIFF file. If you
want to use smaller images on a regular basis, you may want to get
in tune with an image editing program such as Adobe Photoshop.
Why smaller images? They load a lot faster on the World Wide
Web. However, if you convert a PageMaker file to an HTML file,
the PageMaker program will convert all images to JPEG or GIF
format. Then, you can open the document in an HTML editor like
Adobe GoLive and fix up the document before uploading it to the
web.
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To apply image control,
Click on the graphic using the pointer tool
Click Element
Click Image. Now, there are choices. Image
Control is for working with grayscale .tiff images.
Image Control allows for fine-tuning of brightness
and contrast for .tiff Grayscale images scanned from
black and white photos.
Rounded Corners
This command is used to make various types of corners on a box
that is made with the rectangular tool.
To make rounded corners,
Click on a box or graphic frame with the pointer
tool.
Click Element
Click Rounded Corners. Next, there will be
several rounded corner types to choose from.
Pick a style
Click OK.
Figure 6.44 Corner effects.
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Utilities
Plug-Ins or Aldus Additions
There is a variety of commands in the plug-ins; such as Word
Counter, Grid Manager, Drop Cap, Build Booklet, Bullets and
Numbers, Publication Converter, and Save For Service Provider.
Word Counter
This command is used to count the words in the publication.
Grid Manager
This command is another way to make columns
Drop Cap
This command can be used to put a fancy first letter in front of the
first letter of a paragraph.
To apply drop cap,
Place cursor in front of the first word of the chosen
paragraph.
Click Apply
Note: text must not be indented to use Drop Cap
Build Booklet
This command is used to make booklets. The printer will print
both pages on 1 sheet that can be folded into a booklet. There are
various booklet styles top choose from. This works best with 5.5 *
8.5 layouts because the two pages fit nicely on one standard 8.8 *
11 page.
To build a booklet,
Click Invert Pages
Click Layout
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Click a layout type such as 2 up-Saddle Stitch.
Click OK
Bullets and Numbering
These commands are an easy method to add symbols into the
document.
To apply bullets,
Click a bullet style or Click Edit to see more
choices.
Edit offers a wide range of choices such as ® and ¼.
Click OK
To apply numbering,
Click Number
Pick a number
Click OK
Publication Converter.
This command is used to convert an older PageMaker publication,
like version 4.0-6.0 to Pagemaker .6.5 Plus or 7.0.
Save For Service Provider
This gem of a command is used to check the status of the
publication before you print a copy from a service center. In the
Save For Service Provider Window you can check the status of
Fonts, Linked Graphics, and Printing Settings. You can fix the any
of the potential problems such as Font, linked graphics, printer
setting that may need fixing.
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Change
This command can save you time when you want to change words.
To change a word,
Open Story editor
Click Change
Fill in the blank space
Click change. This command can be used to
change the word, and all other words with the same
name.
Find
This command is used in story editor.
To find a word or series of words,
Click Edit
Click Edit Story
Click Utilities
Click Find
Fill in word(s)
Note:
a) Click All Stories if you want to search all chapters
in a long document.
b) Clicking Current Story only searches one chapter.
Index
Using Find is an easier option and more thorough option.
It is best to use the find option (the binoculars in the toolbar) to
scan the document for specific words or phrases.
Find will scan the whole document for a particular word(s) and
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then you can see if that particular word in a particular spot in
the document is actually worth indexing the specific page. In
other words, not all words in the index will be page referenced
so the reader’s time is not wasted when he tries to look up the
information.
To use Find,
Click Edit
Click Edit Story
Click Find.
View
Zoom In
To zoom in,
Click View
Click Zoom. This increases the page view.
Zoom Out
To zoom out,
Click View
Click Zoom Out. This will decrease the page
view.
Actual Size
To view actual size,
Click View
Click Actual Size. This command gives you the
layout in its actual size.
Adobe PageMaker
Fit In Window
To view all pages on the computer monitor,
Click View
Click Fit in Window to see both pages on the
screen.
This feature is good for aligning text and graphics for
final presentation.
Small font sizes may not be readable with fit in
window. The written text will show up looking
something like a bunch of letter 8’s lined up side by
side.
Writing text is not recommended with the Fit In
Window mode because the spacing between the
words can be hard to determine.
When a layout is almost completed, this feature
makes it easy to see the way the document is
presented. Therefore, it is easy to find and edit
mistakes.
Figure 6.45 Two pages in view.
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Window
Show Colors or Color Palette
Figure 6.46 All color choices.
To color text,
Highlight text
Click Window
Click Show Colors. There will be three boxes
under the line that reads Styles and Colors.
Click the middle box for text coloring.
Pick a color. Tint can be selected to lighten text.
Click the X in the top right hand corner to exit
this palette from the screen or click the minus sign to
minimize it.
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137
To color circles, boxes and lines made with the toolbox,
Click on the object with the pointer tool.
Click Window
Show Colors.
Click the line that looks like a forward slash.
Pick a color. Tint can be changed too to lighten
the color.
Click the X in the top right hand corner to exit
this palette from the screen or click the minus sign to
minimize it.
If objects are made immediately with a tool such as
the ellipse tool, using the pointer tool is not necessary.
To change color of an object once the object is drawn,
Click Window
Click Show Colors.
Pick a color and the object changes color.
Click the X in the top right hand corner in order
to exit the Show Colors command.
Help
The best help you’ll ever get in PageMaker is to buy a reference
book on the program.
To use Help,
Click Help
Click Help Topics
Click a) Contents b) Index c) Find
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Contents is like looking at a Table of Contents to find
out what topic you are after.
With Index and Find, you type in word(s) that hopefuly match the information you are seeking.
When your match shows up,
a) Click Open or
b) Click Display at the bottom of the page.
Or, double click the over a brief statement that seems
to be the information you are trying to find.
Figure 6.47 Getting PageMaker help.
Text, graphics, and backgrounds can be uploaded as seen in the
PageMaker 6.5 document. However, font sizes may not go clean
from PageMaker 6.5 to the net, especially if there is a lot of bold
and underlined text. View the file on the net to see how well it went
from PageMaker 6.5 to the net. Putting links in PageMaker 6.5 is
time consuming.
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139
PageMaker 6.5 files can be opened in FrontPage, Dreamweaver,
other HTML editors, or, the files can be copied and pasted into an
HTML editor. The files can be touched up in the new program, but
paragraph indentation will be lost.
If web pages are made with PageMaker 6.0-7.0, the best method is
to use ‘text only’. Avoid changing the text with bold, underlined,
or, italics. Background images often work out better than images
that are not in the background.
Exporting the Whole document to HTML. This is the easiest way
to send the whole document to the web. To send only certain pages,
it is a little more work, and is not discussed here.
To export to HTML,
Click File
Click Export
Click HTML. There will be a heading called
HTML document title. Under that will be the words
Untitled1.
Click on Untitled1. Untitled 1 will be highlighted.
Leave the cursor there.
Click on Document.
Put in a name. If there is images, click the box
that says Save images in this folder.
Click OK.
Click Options. For pictures, they must be all GIF
or JPEG. Now, click the button that says All to GIF, all
to JPEG, or PageMaker chooses.
Click OK.
Click the box that says Export HTML.
This document can be opened up in an HTML editor
such as Adobe Go Live. The graphics will be shuffled
from their original position. But, they can be clicked,
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then Cut and Pasted to a desired location where a
cursor is placed.
Note, in order for text and graphics to look clean, the
graphics work best when aligned to the left or the
right of the web page.
PDF Files
Pdf files are the way to go. For one thing, nothing changes upon
conversion, unlike converting a file to html. And, all graphics can
be uploaded at once, regardless of the file format. Two common
graphic file formats are GIF and jpeg.
Most computers these days have Acrobat reader located
somewhere. And, if not, it is a free download.
The full version of Acrobat 4.0-8.0 needs to be installed to make a
PDF file. Acrobat 7.0 costs a few hundred dollars.
To make a pdf,
Click File
Click Export
Click Export pdf
The file will now be converted to a PDF file. However, Adobe
Acrobat Distiller performs the custom operation. Distiller can be
opened and manipulated to make a high quality or low resolution
pdf file.
Advantages of PDF files
The PDF file it can be altered in the program Adobe Acrobat. See
the chapter Adobe Acrobat for the details regarding how to use this
program. With Acrobat 5.0+, the file can be saved as an RTF file,
then sent back to Microsoft Word for editing.
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The cheat sheet contains commands that are often used for edited
text.
Page Sizes
To alter page size,
Click File
Click Document Setup
Can make a custom size or can choose one of the
possible sizes such as legal half or letter half
Templates
To make a template,
Click Save As
Click Template from the Files of Type: drop down
menu. A valuable command for publishing newspapers
and magazines.
Note: PageMaker has many templates that can be
used for brochures, newsletters, and CDs.
Finding text
To find text,
Put text cursor in page.
Click Edit
Click Edit Story
The same page will appear in the story editor.
Now, you are working with text is like using a word
processor
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To exit Edit Story,
Click the X in the top right hand corner of the
Story Editor to get back to the nice layout
or
Click Edit
Click Edit Layout to get back to the layout
Background Colors and graphics
Any background (color or graphic) can be put behind the whole
page, or, part of the page.
Method A
To color a background,
Click the rectangle or circle tool to make a box or
circle.
Click Window
Click Show colors.
Pick color.
Click Arrange
Click Send to Back. The color goes behind text.
Unfortunately, graphics will cover the text.
The corners of a box made with the rectangle box tool
can be rounded.
To round the corners,
Click on the box so that it shows the little boxes
on the edges.
Click Element
Adobe PageMaker
Click Rounded Corners
Choose a style.
Method B
Another alternative to apply text with a colored background,
Click one of the tools such as the rectangle tool
that has the X inside of it.
Text can now be added if the text tool is clicked
Text can be written inside the object.
To make a custom boundary,
Click on the object until the boxes surround the
object.
Click Element in the main menu
Click Stroke
Choose a pattern or line thickness.
Click Window on the main menu.
Click Show Colors so that you can make it
colored.
To color the background,
Clicking on the object with pointer tool.
Click Element from the main menu
Click Fill
Click Solid
Click Window in the main menu
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Click Show Colors
Scroll through the list and pick a color of choice.
Inserting Graphics
Method A
To insert a graphic,
Click File
Click Place
Find the graphic in the folder and
a) double click it
or b) Click the file and Click ok.
Click the left mouse button and size the graphic
by dragging and dropping the corners.
Let go of mouse.
Single click on graphic and move to desired spot.
Releasing mouse releases graphic.
Resolution is important. For print, 300dpi
is minimum.
If images are low resolution, like 72 dpi web
downloads, they will look amateurish. You can
never go wrong with the best resolution possible.
As a general rule, high resolution images can be
made smaller, but low resolution images cannot be
improved.
Method B
To insert a graphic,
Click Edit
Adobe PageMaker
Click Insert Object
Find the file
Click OK
Note:
Graphics that do not have text wrapped around them
can be highlighted and cleared from a document with
out the text moving.
If the graphics have text wrapped around them, the
text will move when the graphic is deleted.
Deleting a Graphic
To delete a graphic,
Click on the graphic and little boxes will surround the image
Click Edit
Click Clear
Skewing a Graphic
Skewing a graphic is taking a graphic or photo and changing its
shape. For example, a square or rectangle can be turned into a
parallelogram. The angles should be custom made.
To skew a graphic,
Click Window
Click Show Control Palette. At the bottom of the
screen, a new set of tools shows up.
3) option a:
In the bottom right hand corner white box, an entry
can be made to give the degree of skewing.
When a number entry is made, hit the enter function
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on the computer.
Option b:
The arrows to the left can be adjusted to give a custom
value.
For the arrow technique, the adjustment occurs
simultaneously.
Text Wrap
Text wrap allows text to be placed around a graphic in a custom
manner.
To wrap text,
Highlight graphic
Click Element
Click Text Wrap
Pick one
To get fancy,
Click on a graphic after the text wrap is placed.
Click on the outer line to put a marker on the line
at any chosen location.
Move the boundary towards, or, away from the
graphic. This will give a custom-professional effect.
Customizing a Graphics Boundary
Text wrap does something, but, clicking graphic and dragging
handles customizes boundary line.
Shape the boundary before adding text. If boundary is shaped afterwards, text gets shuffled around.
Adobe PageMaker
Drop Cap
To apply drop cap,
Place cursor in position
Click Utilities
Click plug ins
Click Drop cap
Customize
Putting a frame around a graphic
To make a frame,
Use the square box from the tools to draw the box
Click with the arrow tool on the frame. You know
it works when the handles show up around the frame
Click Element
Click Stroke. This will give the ability to change
the line size.
Option to color,
a) Click Window
b) Click Show colors
c) Click the color of preference
d) click line that is on a 45° angle. The frame will now
have a color. The other buttons such as the boxes are
useless for graphics, but work for text.
To change the shape of the border,
Click Element
Click Rounded corners
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Click on a pattern of choice
Click OK.
*Note* Borders can be made in an image editor such as
Adobe Photoshop before placing in a PageMaker
document. This is the most versatile approach to
completing a graphic.
With this method, a completed graphic can be sent
to any application from a publishing program to an
e-mail.
Putting color behind text
To put color behind text,
Make a box using the square box from the tools.
Click window
Click show colors
Click the color of preference
Click the middle box
Click Element
Click Arrange
Click Send to back. The color box is now behind
the selected text.
Coloring text
To color text,
Highlight selected text
Click Window
Click Show colors
Adobe PageMaker
Click the color of preference
Making a colored box with colored text
To make a colored box with colored text,
Make a box around text using the rectangular tool
Click Window
Click Show colors
Click a color
Click Element
Click Arrange
Click Send to back
Click the text tool
Highlight text
Click Window
Click Show colors
Click on color
Page Numbering
To make page numbers,
Put the text tool where you want the page
number.
Press and hold the following keys in the
following order Ctrl+Alt+P.
Make sure the number is correct.
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Click Pointer Tool
Drag and drop
Copy and paste the page number with the pointer tool.
Paste the page number to each new page.
Copying and Pasting into PageMaker
To copy and paste into PageMaker,
Copy text from source
Use the text tool and place cursor in page,
Click Paste
Click the Pointer Tool
Click on the pasted text, or the bottom of the
page so that a black line with a downward pointing
red arrow appears
Click red arrow, and hold the click. Then, scroll
up or down until the black line is in the desired spot
such as the bottom of the page
Let go of mouse button.
Go to left corner of next page. If there are no
pages, a) Click Layout b) Click Insert Pages c) Insert
the amount of pages you need after the current page
Place icon in top left corner.
Click mouse
Repeat for pasting all of the other pages
Moving Graphics From PageMaker to another Program
There are several ways to move graphics to another application
Adobe PageMaker
such as Adobe Photoshop.
Option A:
Click Pointer Tool
Right Click Graphic
Click Export Graphic
The files can be exported in TIFF and jpeg, compressed or uncompressed.
Option B:
Click the graphic
Click Copy or Cut
Paste into another software application
Templates
Templates make life easy. Yiou can look at a design, then
apply new images and text in the same place as the others.
Method A
To find a template,
Click Window
Click Plug-in Palettes
Show template Palettes
Choose a template
Method B
Double click My Computer
Double click Program Files
Double click Adobe
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Double click PM6.5 or PM7.0
Double click Template
Double click a desired selection like Flyers.
Choose a style.
Method C
Click Window in the main menu
Click Plug-in palettes
Click Show Template Palette
Converting Microsoft Publisher or Quark to PM
It doesn’t happen often, but, there are many cases when a file must
be converted to PageMaker from another program such as Quark
Express. This command should only be used if it is absolutely
necessary because the file conversion will have some small errors
that need to be fixed.
To convert a file to a PageMaker File,
Click Start
Click Programs
Click Adobe
Click PM
Click
a) Microsoft Publisher to PM Converter or
b) QuarkXpress to PM converter
Preparing a Publication with the Build Booklet Command
A) 2-up saddle stitch prints the pages with one page from the
front and one page from the back. It starts off by printing the first
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153
page and the last page on one sheet, then, it prints the second page
and the second to last page. It follows this pattern throughout the
document. When you stack all the pages, and fold them, you have a
properly ordered booklet. This method is used for making a perfect
bound paperback book.
B) 2-up perfect bound prints little booklets. You can set the option
to print 4 - 16 page booklets. The separate booklets are grouped
together to make the complete book when they are stapled together.
Figure 6.48 Build booklet command.
Figure 6.49 Booklet options.
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In many circumstances, documents are written and edited in a
word processing program like Microsoft Word before they sent to
a layout program like PageMaker. Therefore, copying and pasting
into PageMaker is a very normal process.
To prepare a document in PageMaker,
Copy the desired pages in a document from word
processor.
Figure 6.50 Copying a document from Word.
Click the text tool and put the cursor at top of
page in a new PageMaker document.
Adobe PageMaker
Figure 6.51 Placing the cursor with the text tool.
Paste the text file
Figure 6.52 Pasted text in new PageMaker file.
Click and drag the red arrow at the bottom
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middle of the page until the pasted text fits into the
page.
Figure 6.53 Text is positioned.
Click the red arrow
Go to the next blank page. If there is no blank
page,
a) Click Layout
b) Click Insert Pages
Click at top left corner to fit the new text into
the page. If the page does not fit perfectly in the box,
the pointer tool can be used to move the text into
perfect position.
Repeat for all pages.
Inline graphics can be inserted into the desired
spot so that they are positioned with the appropriate
text. The pointer tool can be used to make the
graphics the desired size.
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Note: Although the advantage of inline graphics is that they
stay in there exact position, you cannot wrap text next to
them to give a pleasant look. Any text that is placed next to
an inline graphic must be made with the text tool. That text
will be stationary until you move it.
CHAPTER 7
5
ADOBE INDESIGN CS-CS2
CS-CS3
A
dobe InDesign is a high end publishing program. It can be
used for publishing all sorts of documents such as; books,
newspapers, magazines, flyers, envelopes, cd covers and more. It
has many modern commands that give this program an edge over
many other publishing programs.
Files can be made from scratch with Adobe InDesign. However,
it is more common to copy and paste an edited file with software
like Microsoft Word, or to import a file from another publishing
program such as Quark Express or Adobe PageMaker.
This chapter will cover the basics of making a document for
printing using three methods; starting from scratch, copying and
pasting files, and importing from another program.
One great feature of InDesign is its ability to recover a file when
the computer shuts down accidentally.
Another strong feature with InDesign is its ability to undo as many
commands as you make.
To revert a document to its last saved version,
Click File
Click Revert
To undo any command(s),
Click Edit
Click Undo
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The toolbox has the basic tools that are used to work with text and
graphics. The toolbox is shown in fig. 7.2. If the toolbox is not on
the screen, it can be shown by making the following commands.
For example, the Rectangle Tool allows you to draw perfect shapes
in the form of rectangles, ellipses, and polygons.
The Type tool enables you to write text.
The Selection Tool allows you to control the page layout, changing
borders and colors of graphics, placing graphics, and moving text
from one page to another. This is the main tool that is used to make
a stylish layout.
To activate the toolbox,
Click Window
Click Tools
Figure 7.1 Tools are used to layout text and graphics.
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161
Figure 7.2 The tools for Adobe InDesign.
Another important item to activate so that text and graphics can be
altered is to activate the ‘Control Toolbar’.
It is located under the main menu.
It allows you to edit text with commands like bold, italic, font size,
and font.
It also permits you to change the size of a graphic.
To activate the Control Toolbar,
Click Window
Click Control
Figure 7.3 The control toolbars for Adobe CS3, Adobe CS2 and Adobe
CS1.
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Starting From Scratch
Figure 7.4 The first page.
Click Type tool
Left click the Type tool and draw a box
Click the Selection tool
Click and drag the edges of the new box until it
fits into the purple guidelines.
Release mouse button.
Text and graphics can be inserted into the box
See the section further on in this chapter to see how
to orient graphics and text into a long document.
Note: With large documents, the Type tool can be
used to make sections of text and graphics that
will stay in sections.
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Copying and Pasting Into Adobe InDesign
To copy and paste text from another application,
Go to the other program and copy the text
Go to the page layout in Adobe InDesign
Click the Type tool
text.
Put the Type tool where you want to place the
Note: If the document is new, you must make a box
with the text tool before the text can be pasted. This
procedure was described in the previous section,
‘Starting From Scratch’.
Click Paste.
If the text fills more than one page, new pages
must be added. The procedure to add pages is
described further on in this chapter.
Opening a File From PageMaker or Quark
Express
To open a file from PageMaker or Quark Express,
Click File
Click Open
Click on the file
Click Open
At this point, the file is converted to an InDesign file.
Note: When a file is converted, the links to the files
will be tossed into a folder. Adobe imbeds small images,
but others will be linked.
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Figure 7.5 Selecting a file.
To add pages,
Click Window
Click Pages
Click the icon for create new page
Figure 7.6 Adding more pages.
Add as many pages as desired.
The procedure to get the text on the new pages is
described next.
To get text to flow from one page to another,
Click the Selection Tool
Click the box around the page until small boxes
surround the page.
Click the bottom right of the page where there is a
+ sign.
Figure 7.7 Moving text to new pages.
Move to the new page and place the cursor at the
top left hand corner.
Left click the mouse.
Position contents in guidelines, if necessary.
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Sometimes, a page may get inserted into in the wrong spot.
Therefore, pages can be rearranged so that everything is in
the desired spot.
To move pages,
Click view
Click Zoom Out until the pages shrink in size.
Click on the page you want to move and drag it
to a blank page.
Figure 7.8 Moving an entire page to a new spot.
Figure 7.9 Page is in the new location.
To align the text,
a) Click Type b) Click Paragraph
Highlight the text with the Type tool
Make a selection. See diagram 7.10.
To place graphics that will stay in position,
Click the Type tool
Place cursor where desired.
Click File
Click Place
Find the file and click on it
Click Open
The graphic may be placed or you may have to
click the mouse to place the graphic.
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If the graphic is not in the desired spot,
Click on the Selection Tool
Click Cut
Click the Type tool
Place cursor on the desired line
Click Type
Click Paragraph
Choose an alignment, like ‘Align Center’
Figure 7.10 Alignment options for graphics.
Click Paste
To resize a graphic,
Click on the graphic with the Selection Tool
Click the downward pointing arrow in the
Toolbar and choose a percentage to make smaller.
Figure 7.11 Making a graphic larger or smaller.
Figure 7.12 This icon allows the same proportion.
Figure 7.13 Each percentage works independently.
There are several ways to view the pages of a document.
To view the pages as you want,
Click View
Make a Selection.
Fit Spread in Window shows what the document
looks like when the pages are opened.
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Figure 7.14 Selecting ‘Fit Spread in Window’ shows a
typical book layout.
To see where a file is linked,
Click Window
Click Links
Clicking on the graphic will show the link name.
On the bottom of the Links Manager you can relink
a graphic or edit a graphic.
Figure 7.15 Shows all links.
`
To get all of the links in one package,
Click File
Click Package
Make a folder for the fonts and links
Click OK
To change the size of the document,
Click File
Click Document Set Up
Select a size
Figure 7.16 Making a custom layout size for the document.
Click OK
To resize the text to fit the new page size,
Click the Selection Tool
Click the page
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Figure 7.17 Page is outlined.
a) Drag the handles to fit the page guidelines.
Figure 7.18 Dragging corners.
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Figure 7.19 Page is resized.
or
b) Go to the next set of instructions to add a sidebar.
To make a larger page size and add a column for sidebars,
Change the page size. The technique was
described in the previous set of instructions.
Add a column.
To add a column,
a) Click Layout
b) Click Margins and Columns
c) Enter 2 for a second column
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Chapter 7
Figure 7.20 Adding a column.
Click on the column and slide it into the desired
position
Add new text or graphics into the second column
without affecting the layout in the main layout.
Figure 7.21 Column is in place.
Drawing Shapes
To draw shapes with the toolbox,
a) Click ‘The Rectangle Frame Tool’
or
b) Click ‘The Rectangle Tool’
Click the little arrow on the bottom right corner
Choose a shape; rectangle, ellipse, or polygon
Figure 7.22 Tools to make shapes.
Draw the shape with the mouse.
Figure 7.23 Three common shapes.
Note: If the shape is cut and pasted with the Selection
Tool it will stay in the same place, regardless if more
text or graphics are added.
If the shape is pasted with the Type Tool it will
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always stay positioned before the text. This is the
easiest way to be sure that a graphic stays where it
belongs.
To resize the shape,
Click the Selection tool.
Drag a corner or a side to the desired position.
To add color into a shape,
Click on the object
Click Window
Click Color
Choose a color
Figure 7.24 CS-CS2.
Figure 7.25 Color options for
Adobe CS3.
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Colored
Figure 7.26 Colored circle.
To add text into a shape,
Click the Type Tool.
Click on the graphic.
Write text.
PLACE
TEXT
HERE.
Figure 7.27 Text is added.
To add transparency of a shape over another object or text,
Click the graphic with the Selection Tool.
Click Window
Click Transparency
Choose a number for transparency.
Transparent
Figure 7.28 Transparency.
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To add a border around a shape,
Click the graphic with the Selection Tool.
Click Window
Click Stroke
Choose a Weight, such as 1pt and make custom
selections, if necessary.
Octagon
Figure 7.29 Borders.
To change the number of sides on the polygon tool,
Double click on the Polygon tool in the toolbox.
Change the number of sides.
Click OK
Figure 7.30 Selecting a number of sides.
Extras
When a document get very large, you may want to search for a
specific word, or you may want to change words.
To find a word or to change word(s) in a document,
Click Edit
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Click Find/Change
a) To find a word or a group of words,
Put the word under ‘Find What’. Go to step 3.
b) To find a word and change it to a different name,
Put the word you are looking for under ‘Find What’,
and the word you want to replace under ‘Change To:.
Then go to step 3.
c) To find one word in a document and replace all of them
with the new word,
i) Put the word under ‘Find What’, and the new
word under ‘Change to’.
ii) Click ‘Change all’.
Figure 7.31 Find and change words.
Click Done
D
rop caps are a stylish way to start a the first paragraph in a
long document. The ‘D’ in this paragraph is an example of a
drop cap.
To add a drop cap at the beginning of the sentence,
Make sure that the paragraph box is open.
To open the paragraph box,
a) Click Type
b) Click Paragraph
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Click the arrow at the top right
Click Drop Caps and Nested Styles
Figure 7.32 Adding a drop cap.
Put in a number for lines. The line number will
make the drop capital the size of two lines.
Figure 7.33 Making a custom drop cap size.
Click OK.
In some documents, you may want to apply superscript or
subscript characteristics to text. Superscript is commonly used in
mathematical equations. The 2 in 102 is an example of superscript.
Subscript on the other hand places the text below a line, like
a simple chemistry equation. The 2 in H20 is an example of a
subscript character.
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To add a superscript or subscript character,
Make sure the character window is open.
To open the character window,
a) Click Type
b) Click Character
Highlight the number or letter for which you
want to apply a super or subscript character.
Click the arrow in the top right.
Click Superscript or Subscript
To place color behind text,
Draw a desirable colored shape on top of text
with one of the tools from the toolbox.
Click Object
Click Arrange
Send to Back
To remove the color behind the text,
Click the Selection Tool.
Move the entire page away from the back
ground.
Click on the color
Click delete on the keyboard or make border or
color changes.
Text wrap is a command that is used to place text around a graphic.
However, the graphic must have been placed into InDesign with the
Selection Tool, not the text tool. Or, the graphic could be a drawing
made with one of the drawing tools in the toolbox.
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To wrap text around a stationary graphic or drawing,
Click the graphic.
Click Window
Click Text Wrap or Click Type and Tables
Click Text Wrap, if necessary
Figure 7.34 Text wrapping styles.
Make a selection. Common selection are no text
wrap, wrap around bounding box, and wrap around
object shape.
To give graphics or shapes a drop shadow,
Click the graphic with the Selection Tool
Click Object
Click Effects and Select Drop Shadow, or Click Drop
Shadow
Click the Drop Shadow check box
Figure 7.35 Adding a drop shadow.
Make custom selection
Click OK
Figure 7.36 Drop shadow on the right box.
To give graphics or shapes a fancy corner,
Click Object
Click Corner Options or Corner Effects
Make a selection
Figure 7.37 Custom corners.
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Make custom selection and size.
Click OK.
Figure 7.38 Fancy corners.
To give graphics or shapes a feathered touch,
Click Object or Object and Effects
Click Feather or Basic Feather
Click the Feather or Basic Feather check box.
Make custom corners and width.
Figure 7.39 Featherning.
Click OK.
Figure 7.40 Feathering on right.
Printing at Home
If you are familiar with general printing from other software
packages, you may be familiar with most printing settings like
quality and color.
To start a printing job,
Click File
Click Print
Figure 7.41 Printing features.
Select the printer and pages to be printed
Click Setup
Note: Each printer will have custom selections.
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Chapter 7
Figure 7.42 Printer options.
Click Preferences
Select Graphic resolution, Color, and Paper Size
Note: Printing rough drafts at a low dpi saves money
and prints faster.
Printing at a higher dpi increases quality.
Click OK
Click Print
Figure 7.43 Custom preferences.
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Print Shops
Generally, there are three common methods for preparing a
document for a print shop; packaging a document, exporting a PDF
file, or exporting an eps file.
Packaging a document makes a folder with the InDesign file and all
of the links and fonts contained n the document.
A PDF file is one file that can be printed ‘as is’. You probably
have used Acrobat reader to view pdf files. This is just the creation
process.
An eps file is not readable until the print shop distills the file. An
advantage of making an eps file is that your printer may have
distiller set up on his machine so that the output on paper comes out
in very top quality.
To package a document for a print shop,
Click File
Click Package
Name the Folder
Click Package
Save the folder on disk
To make a PDF file,
Click File
Click Export
Select a name
In the ‘Save as type’ box choose Adobe PDF
Click Save
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Chapter 7
Figure 7.44 Select PDF as the file option.
Choose a preset like ‘Print’ or ‘Press’
Figure 7.45 Options for quality and file size.
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Note: Acrobat Distiller has been discussed in Chapter 14.
With Distiller, you can make a custom preset.
Choose the pages you want to export
Click Export
Save the file to disk
To make an EPS file,
Click File
Click Export
Select a name
In the ‘Save as type’ box choose EPS
Click Save
Figure 7.46 Select EPS as the file option.
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Select the pages
Figure 7.47 Select all pages to
make the complete document.
Click Advanced
Figure 7.48 Advanced options.
Select the resolution
Click Export
Note: After an EPS file is made, it must be distilled
before it is usable. All printers should have Adobe
Acrobat in their print shop, or it can be distilled with
Acrobat Distiller which is included with Acrobat.
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This section will cover the topic ‘Master Pages’ in detail. The
master page feature allows you to make illustrations or text that
will show up in the same place on all pages, or the pages you
command. This is a way to make chapter headings and graphics
that will appear outside of the main body of text.
To edit the main master page that will show up on every
page of the book,
a) Click Window b) Click pages c) Click A-Document Master
Place any graphics and text that you want to
appear on all pages of the book.
Click any page to work as usual.
To insert a new master page,
a) Click Window b) Click Pages
Click the arrow in the Page palette.
Click New Master.
Figure 7.49 A new master page in Adobe CS-CS3.
Give the new master a name like Chapter 1
Note: In the section ‘based on master’, you can select
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none or a previous master page. If a previous
master page is selected, the new elements and the
elements from the other master page will appear.
If none is selected, these master pages will not contain any of the items from another master page
.
Figure 7.50 Selections.
Click OK
Add the text and graphics that you want to
appear on the left and right pages of specific pages.
Click the arrow on the pages Palette
Click Apply master to pages.
Figure 7.51 Apply master.
Select the pages you want the items to show up
on, like all pages in Chapter 2, less the first page. The
pages can be separated with a hyphen, like 16-40.
Click OK
Figure 7.52 Page selection.
CHAPTER
CHAPTER
000
8
ADOBE FRAMEMAKER
A
dobe FrameMaker is not a common program to edit and
publish mainstream documents like magazines and books.
However, it is a program that many technical writers must be
familiar with for making long reports. If you look at many technical
writing jobs, you will find that familiarity with Adobe FrameMaker
is part of the program. The reason for this is that FrameMaker
makes strong presentations for print and web.
It is good to know that all text and graphics will stay in place upon
converting a file to HTML if they are placed into anchored frames.
The ‘Graphic Frame Tool’ and the ‘Text Frame Tool’ can add
content to an anchored frame. When the file is converted, you will
have a web page file and a cascading style sheet.
Using the framing tools and running FrameMaker like a word processor is described in this chapter.
This chapter will deal with the basics so that you can get your technical document up and running.
To start a new document,
Click File
Click New
Click Document
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Chapter 8
Figure 8.1 Starting a new document.
Click Custom
`
Figure 8.2 The custom tab is selected.
Choose a page size like US Letter
Adobe FrameMaker
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Figure 8.3 US Letter is selected.
Click Create
`
Body Pages
With FrameMaker, you can work with various types of pages. Body
pages is like working with a word processor. All of the pages are
connected to one another. When you run out of new space on a
page, a new page is automatically created.
You know Body Pages are active when a check mark is located
next to Body Pages. When you start a new document, Body Pages
should be the default setting.
To see if ‘Body Pages’ are active,
Click View
it.
Make sure body pages has a check mark next to
To add columns to the whole document, or a small
side head,
Click Format
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Click Page Layout
Click Column Layout
Figure 8.4 Adding columns.
a) Put in a number of columns or
b) Click Room For Side Heads
Note: If a side head is added, you can make a small
column any size you want.
If columns are added, the page, and all other pages
are divided into equal columns.
Figure 8.5 Side heads.
Click Update Entire Flow
Note: You cannot undo changes.
You should always save the document frequently.
Adobe FrameMaker
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To get rid of a recent application,
a) Click File
b) Click Revert to Saved
Master Pages
To make a document that will not have connected pages,
but, has a header, footer, and sideheads,
Click View
Click Master Pages
Figure 8.6 Selecting master pages.
To add columns to the whole document, or a small
side head,
Click Format
Click Page Layout
Click Column Layout
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Chapter 8
Figure 8.7 Procedure to add columns.
a) Put in a number of columns or
b) Click Room For Side Heads
Note: If a side head is added, you can make a small
column any size you want.
If columns are added, the page, and all other pages
are divided into equal columns.
Click Update Entire Flow
Figure 8.8 Custom column options.
Adobe FrameMaker
Note: You cannot undo changes.
You should always save the document frequently.
To get rid of a recent application,
a) Click File
b) Click Revert to Saved
To add more master pages,
Click Special
Click Add Master Page
Figure 8.9 Adding more master pages.
Name the Page, such as Masterpage 2.
Choose a page layout; like blank page or copy
from a master page
Note: Copying from a master page will allow you to
keep similar headers, footers and graphics that you
want to have from page to page
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Figure 8.10 More pages.
Click Add
Most documents contain text and graphics. This section will
describe how to combine the two elements.
The techniques that are described in this section can be applied to
body pages and master pages.
When you are working with a FrameMaker document, you will
use tools. The tools are a familiar group of options that should be
present on the left hand side of the screen.
Figure 8.11 FrameMaker tools to control
the layout.
Adobe FrameMaker
To move the tools,
Move the cursor to the top of the tools, next to the
red X.
Left click the mouse and drag the tools to a
desirable location
To bring the tools to the screen if they are not present,
Click Graphics
Click Tools
Figure 8.12 Getting the tools to the screen.
To place text into the document,
Click the Smart Select Tool Next to the cursor.
a) Write text, or b) Paste text from another
program.
To place a graphic in the document,
Click File
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Click Import
Click File
Figure 8.13 Importing a file.
Select the file
Figure 8.14 Choosing the file.
Choose a DPI
Adobe FrameMaker
Click Set
Figure 8.15 Select a size.
Anchored Frames
To position the framed graphic,
Click Special
Click Anchored Frame.
Figure 8.16 Anchored frames are the way to go.
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Note: All frames made with the Graphic Frame Tool
or the Text Frame Tool inside the anchored frame will
stay positioned, if you want to convert this page into
an html (.htm) file later.
Anchored frames should not be placed next to each
other, only above or below each other because the file
layout will change upon conversion to html.
Furthermore, you can resize the anchored frame by
dragging the sides with the Smart Select Tool. Then,
you can add new text frames or graphic frames into
the blank spaces.
Choose an Alignment, such as left.
Figure 8.17 Alignment options.
Click the drop down arrow next to ‘Anchoring
Position:’ and make a selection.
Note: The settings ‘At Insertion Point’ and ‘Run Into
Paragraph’ will put the graphic next to the cursor.
The anchoring position ‘Run into Paragraph’ will
wrap text around the anchored graphic, but, the text
won’t wrap with “At Insertion Point’.
Click Edit Frame
Adobe FrameMaker
Figure 8.18 Anchoring position.
Figure 8.19 This position is ‘At Insertion Point’.
To add text inside of an anchored frame,
Draw a new text frame next to the graphic with
the ‘Place The Text Frame Tool’ shown in figure 8.11.
Click Set
Click the left side of the cursor until you see a
blinking line.
Add text
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Word Processing Style
To remove the frame so that you can position a graphic
where you want and wrap text around a graphic,
Click on the graphic and drag it outside of the
frame.
Click the frame so that boxes surround the
graphic.
a) Click Delete on the keyboard or
b) Click Edit and click clear
Note:
This procedure is not recommended because the
whole idea of FrameMaker is to make frames so that
you can convert files to many platforms, like HTML.
When you remove a frame around a graphic, that
graphic will not be in the HTML file.
Figure 8.20 Removing the frame.
To position the text around the graphic,
Drag the graphic to a desired position.
Adobe FrameMaker
Right click the graphic
Click Runaround Properties
Figure 8.21 Regular word processing.
Choose a setting
Figure 8.22 Wrapping text.
Click Set
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5
ELECTRONIC PUBLISHING
T
he process to making a web page is rather simple. You make
a web page, test a web page, and upload a web page. This
chapter will emphasize the techniques that can be used to make
very simple and complex designs. Therefore, several software
programs are discussed because some are very simple and do basic
things, while others can do basic to more advanced web editing.
Use an HTML editor like Microsoft FrontPage or another
program such as Adobe Photoshop to make the web pages. You can
Copy and Paste text into an HTML editor from another program
like a word processor.
Test the page. The page will look different on various computer
systems. Color settings such as 16 color, 256 color, or true color
and monitor resolutions like 600 x 800 or 480 x 680.
To change the se�ings on a Windows system,
Click Start
Click Settings
Click Control Panel
Click Display
Click Settings on top of the menu.
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Another method to change se�ings,
Right click the mouse on the computer screen
away from an icon when all programs are closed.
Click Customize My Desktop.
Click Settings, then various color settings and
resolutions can be altered.
To alter the color se�ings,
Click the downward pointing arrow in the Color
Palette.
To alter the resolution,
Click the mouse on the bar under Desktop area
Slide the mouse to the left or to the right.
Looking at a page with various settings will show you
the spectrum that the viewers on the web will see.
Finally, different browsers will view a page
differently. For example, a page viewed in Microsoft
Explorer 7.0 may look different or not load in
Microsoft Explorer 4.0, Mozilla Firefox and Netscape
7.0.
Most recent programs allow pages to be viewed offline with various browsers.
To test a page offline,
Open up a browser such as Explorer 7.0)
a) Click File, then click Open
or
b) Click the cursor in the address bar.
Write the path of your file.such as
C:\MyDocuments\MyWebs\file1.htm
Hit Enter on the keyboard.
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Upload the page. A FTP program is needed in order to put the
web pages on the Internet. The pages can be transfered from your
computer (or storage media) to the web host via the FTP program.
After the files are sent to the server, the files can be renamed, updated
and deleted. Controlling this area on a web server is very similar to
storing files in a folder on your desktop pc. The first page on your
web site will be named index.html.
Option #1 Converting a Word File To an HTML
File
Word files with simple text, graphics, text coloring and shading are
best if you are converting the file to HTML in order to upload to the
web, or to send to an HTML editing program such as Microsoft®
Front Page, Adobe® GoLive, Adobe® Pagemill, and Macromedia®
Dreamweaver.
Why make simple work before converting the file to HTML? Well,
one example is a non-html file that has a frame surrounding the
graphic. That file that has a box frame around a graphic may lose
the border upon conversion to html. Colors of backgrounds and text
will convert to HTML.
To color a background,
Click Format
Click background
Choose a color.
To color the text,
Highlight text with the cursor
Click Format
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Chapter 9
Click Font
Click the downward pointing arrow in the Color
box and choose a color.
TIPS:
Convert a Word File to HTML to complete the page.
To convert a Word file to HTML,
Click File
Click Save As HTML. Now, you can add more
changes to the file.
If you are going to spice up a web page in Word™, it
is recommended to do it with an HTML file rather
than with a Word™ document (.doc) because
what you see is what you get (wysiwyg).
Option #2 Microso� Word Web Publishing
Wizard
The web publishing wizard has ready to use templates that makes it
easy to make a professional looking splash page, quickly.
To use the web publishing wizard,
Start the Word program.
Click New
Double-click on Blank Web Page or Web Publishing Wizard.
Pick a custom layout.
Word leaves you with good instructions from here. If you
can’t understand Word’s instructions and Help, you need to
get help elsewhere, such as from a computer tudor.
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Basic HTML Codes
To put in an e-mail link,
Click View
Click Source to see html language.
When in html source, e-mail messaging can be
put in by writing
<A HREF=”mailto:[email protected]” </A>
Note* not all computers have the necessary software
to send mail back to you when your link is hit. But, it
will work in many cases.
Inserting a hyperlink
The document must be saved as a web page or HTML before the
Internet application will work.
To make the link,
Highlight text or click on a graphic or photo
Click Insert
Click Hyperlink
Fill out URL, or Named location in file, such as a
phrase of words to jump to in the document. This is one
of the best characteristics about publishing text with
Word. Filling out a URL is a link to another uploaded
file on the web. Filling in named location in file will
send the viewer to the section of words that were
filled in the Named Location in file box.
PDF Files
In order to make a PDF file you need the full version of Adobe
Acrobat, or, the limited student version. The PDF file will look
identical to the Word file.
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Chapter 9
The beauty of a PDF file is that all the material of a publication
can be converted in seconds, and uploaded to the Internet without
having to upload every single image unlike HTML editors.
PDF files are an awesome way to make an electronic book.
To make a PDF file:
Click File
Click the right path to making a PDF File. The
command will be something like Create Adobe PDF.
Click Create.
or
Click Print
Choose Acrobat
Click OK
To alter a PDF file and add fancy characteristics,
See the chapter, Making E-books with Adobe
Acrobat.
PDF FILES can be linked from an HTML web page,
Converting a PDF File To a Word File
PDF files can be edited in Adobe Acrobat, and, they can be saved
as an RTF file in Acrobat, then, re-opened in Word for further editing. Text in a pdf file can be copied and pasted into Word.
215
If you have used Microsoft Word, then running Microsoft
FrontPage will seem very familiar. In terms of finding a desired
command, FrontPage is set up similar to word, except that it has
some features that are used specifically for building web sites.
Getting Started
You can either start fresh with a blank document, a template,
or, an HTML file that was made elsewhere. For example, a web
page made in Adobe Pagemill ten years ago can be opened up in
FrontPage, with everything in place.
Opening an Existing File
To open a file,
Click Open
Click the arrow next to Look In:
Click on the correct sequence of folders until you
find the desired file.
Figure 9.1 Finding the file on the hard drive.
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Chapter 9
Starting From Scratch
Starting from scratch is the way to make your own copyrighted
page.
Step #1 Choose a layout
Click File
Click New
Make a choice. If you single click on a selection,
you can view a sample in a thumbprint. A blank
page is the most custom way to make the page.
With a blank page it is easiest to cut and paste other
files into the page without making a mess.
Columns are a little more difficult to work with,
especially if graphics are inserted.
Figure 9.2 Choosing a blank page or premade layout.
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Working With Text
The main things you will do with text is to change the
characteristics of the lettering, and to add links to other documents
on the World Wide Web.
The Formatting Toolbar should be activated to alter text.
Figure 9.3 The formatting toolbar.
To activate the Forma�ing Toolbar,
Click View
Click Toolbars
Click Formatting so that a check mark shows up
next to it.
The Formatting Toolbar may be active when you
install the program.
The Formatting Toolbar allows you to alter the Font
type, font size, font bolding, font italicizing, underline
font, and align the text.
To apply any of these features,
The text must be highlighted.
The command can be applied
To highlight text,
Move the cursor with the mouse to the beginning
or end of text block.
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Chapter 9
Left-click the mouse and hold the button
Drag the mouse until the desired text gets
highlighted.
Let go of the mouse.
Choose and amount of characteristics to alter the
given text. For example, text can be bolded, made
bigger, and changed from Times New Roman
to Century Schoolbook with the original highlight.
To get rid of the text highlighting,
text.
Left-click the mouse outside of the highlighted
Another way to alter the text;
Click Format
Click Font, Paragraph, or Borders and Shading to
modify the highlighted text.
With borders and shading, you can surround high
lighted text with colors and frames.
Using these commands are a must for adding color.
Clicking font allows you to alter the letter
characteristics such as size, color, style (bold, italic,
underlined).
Clicking Paragraph allows you to change the
Alignment and Line spacing. Alignment can be left,
right, or center. Line spacing examples are single
spacing and double spacing.
All of the commands are rather self-explanatory.
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Making a Link
To make a link in the text,
Highlight the text with the mouse.
Click Insert
Click Hyperlink. The cursor will be in the right
spot. It will be next to URL: followed by http://.
Finish the sentence by writing the full address
such as http://www.island.net/~elch.
When the person viewing your web page clicks the
link, the page with the new address will open up.
Web Page with Text, Graphics, Video, and
Sound
To insert a graphic or video,
Put the cursor where you want the graphic or video.
Click Insert
Click Picture
a) Click From File
or
b) Click video
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Chapter 9
Figure 9.4 Selecting the graphic file.
Enter a URL for the file.
Select the file. First, you must click the second box
next to the URL drop down menu to have all of your
file options!
Double click the chosen file.
it.
Click on the graphic or video so that boxes surround
Use the mouse to re-size the graphic or video.
The graphic or video can me moved if a four-sided
arrow shows up when you slide the mouse cursor
over the graphic.
If the four-sided arrow shows up, left-click the mouse
and hold. Then, drag the image to the desired spot.
To make a link on a graphic,
Left-click the mouse on the graphic.
Click Insert
Click Hyperlink. The cursor will be in the right
spot. It will be next to URL: followed by http://.
Finish the sentence by writing the full address
such as http://www.elchpress.com.
Now, when the person viewing your web page clicks
the link, the page with the new address will open up.
Editing the image
To edit an image the picture toolbar must be open.
To activate the picture toolbar,
Click View
Click Toolbars
Click Picture and a check mark will appear next
to it. The Picture toolbar will appear at the bottom of
the screen.
Figure 9.5 The picture toolbar.
Slowly move the mouse over an image and wait
to see the command that you can apply.
The commands in the FrontPage Picture Toolbar
above from left to right are:
Insert Picture From File, Text, Auto Thumbnail,
Position Absolutely, Bring Forward, Send Backward,
Rotate Left, Rotate Right, Flip Horizontal, Flip
Vertical, More Contrast, Less Contrast, More
Brightness, Less Brightness, Crop, SetTransparent
Color, Black and White, Wash Out, vel, Resample,
Select, Rectangular Hotspot, Circular Hotspot,
Polygonal Hotspot, Highlight Hotspots, Restore.
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Chapter 9
To make a border on a graphic,
Right click the mouse on the graphic
Click Picture Properties
Click appearance
Now, it is time to make a custom border by
putting a number in the Border thickness slot.
The border can be given a Style, when one of the
boxes underneath Setting: is clicked.
The bottom box allows complete custom-tailoring.
Clicking one of the Style settings such as Dashed puts
the border with a specific pattern.
Note, the two boxes under the graphic, and the two to
the left can be clicked to add or remove a border to
any one of the sides. Finally, click the color icon to
change.
Click all the OK’s until all the boxes disappear.
To align a graphic,
Left-click the graphic of choice.
Align the graphic by right clicking the picture
Click Picture properties
Click appearance
Pick an alignment under the heading Layout
Alignment.
A method to choose a text wrapping style,
Click Format
Click Position
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Look at the page samples and choose a wrapping
style that will wrap text and align the photo
Click OK
Adding Sound
To make sound play automatically, enter these tags,
<EMBED SRC=”Jane.mid”
AUTOSTART=TRUE LOOP=TRUE
HEIGHT=55 WIDTH=150>
<NOEMBED>
<BGSOUND
SRC=”Jane.mid”
LOOP=infinite>
</NOEMBED>
To add a sound link in source code, write this in the source mode,
<A HREF=”Jane.mid”>
In most cases, linking music is a waste of the viewer’s time.
Another method is to use the refresh Meta Tag. In this case do this
in the source mode:
<META HTTP-EQUIV=”refresh”; content=”1; url=jane.mid”>
Sound files can be in various formats. They can be midi, wav, MP3,
and other file extensions. Midi files sound like a synthesizer and
sound good when an 80’s rock tune is properly made. Midi files are
tiny, often only a few kb in size. Wav files can be voice or music
recorded on a digital recorder. They are rather large files. However,
Wav files can be converted to MP3 files with the right software,
and the file size decreases. Just Open a wav file and Save as MP3.
Many of these various file types can be downloaded for free off the
Internet.
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Chapter 9
Using Tables
Using tables allows a designer to separate areas of text or graphics
into their own individual cells. The arrangement can be anything
imaginable. But, elaborate tables can confuse older browsers.
You may want to get rid of a table for various reasons. For one,
they are finicky to work with, especially for a complex web page.
Another reason is that some older browsers may not load the page
as you would like it to be seen.
To get rid of a table,
The table must be left-clicked.
Click Table
Click Convert
Click Table to text. The table will disappear, regardless of how many cells it had.
Using Forms
Forms are added to your web page so that the viewer can fill out
information that will be sent to your e-mail. With many Internet
service providers, they provide code for you to put into your web
page free of charge so that the information in the form will arrive
into your e-mail inbox the way you would like.
The following instructions shows how to make a form.
Figure 9.6 FrontPage’s feedback form.
To make a form,
Click File
a) Click New b) Click Page
a) Under ‘New From Template’, Click Page
Templates Click Feedback Form
or
a) Click Feedback Form
To add extra fields,
box
Left click on one of the features, such as a check
Click Copy
Put the cursor in place
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Click Paste. Now, most of the work is making the
form reply to specified requests with easy to read
data.
Another method to add other characteristics into a form
such as a check box,
Click Insert
Click Form
Choose one from the list such as check box and
radio button.
The easiest way to make a feature in the form do what
you want is to,
Right click on a feature, such as a check box or
radio button.
Click Form Field Properties. The group name is
the Title. This is used when you have several choices
to check; such as small, med, large. The value is what
data gets returned to CGI bin. For example, lets assume you got four checkboxes in a row that indicate
shirt sizes. Well, a good group name may be shirts.
Values that can be set for each size are the obvious,
such as small, med and large.
When the data gets submitted, the form will have
easy to read data such as: Shirt small.
Note:
1. Check boxes and Radio Buttons. The Title specifies
the item. The value is what shows up when a specific
item is chosen.
2. Areas to Write Text. Just give the areas a name.
If the box is filled out, the written material will be
sent.
All features where text can be written, such as text
boxes can be custom sized. Just left click on top of the
box, then use the mouse and drag the box from one of
the sides or corners.
To retrieve the data using CGI is the standard method,
Ask your ISP, talk to tech support, or read your
ISP’s web site about form to email. They will have a
special code for you to copy and paste into your web
page so that the form sends back the data to your
email.
Copy and paste the code into the HTML source
code.
Pages 275-277 shows a form and an e-mail response.
An example of retrieved data is shown below:
Revised: February 23, 2001 .
Form to E-Mail Data Received
Return-Path: <[email protected]>
Date: Mon, 19 Feb 2001 15:38:21 -0800
X-Sender: [email protected]
From: [email protected]
To: [email protected]
Subject:
MessageType : Problem
Subject : Web Site
SubjectOther : cgi
Comments : How do I change my form names?
Username : Mr.K
UserEmail : [email protected]
UserTel : 555-5522
UserFAX : 555-5522
ContactRequested : ContactRequested
—————————————————————————
Date: Mon Feb 19 15:38:21 2001
Remote Host: dyn43.van.island.net
Remote Address: 209.52.238.53
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Testing Browser Compatibility
In general, a fancy web site has a limited audience. Not everyone
surfing the web has the latest and greatest computer. Therefore,
your web site may look real good on a new box, yet, the page
cannot be loaded if an older browser such as Explorer 6.0 tries to
open up the page.
A good feature with FrontPage is viewing the pages in browsers before
uploading them to the web.
To view a page in a browser offline,
Click File
Click Preview in browser
Choose a specific browser to do the viewing.
To add more browsers to view,
Click Tool
Click Page options
Click Compatibility. However, you must have the
specific browsers installed on the computer.
The page can be made to only allow viewing from
specific browsers.
The page can also be set to work with a specific
server, such as an Apache server.
Internet Templates
FrontPage has a feature that works with the toolbar in Internet
Explorer. When this feature is clicked, the whole page, text and
graphics can be captured into frontpage. To make use of this
template, every picture, text, and link can be changed to customize
your site. When new graphics are made in an image editor, they
should be the same size as the originals so that the page will look
clean in a browser. The old text can be cut and new text can be
added in its place. Capturing a web site will not work in all cases.
Figure 9.7 FrontPage works with Explorer.
To revise an existing web page,
a) Click the Edit in Microsoft FrontPage icon in
Internet Explorer, or
Figure 9.8 Free template from a web page.
b) Get a free template from the Internet
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Some web sites are much easier to edit than others.
Finding a page that has your same criteria can make
it easy to customize.
c) Use a FrontPage template.
Save the web page in a folder. It will contain the
text and graphics.
Figure 9.9 The web page and all links go into a folder.
Modify the graphics in an image editor like
Microsoft Image composer or Adobe Photoshop in
order to customize your site.
Note: Graphics and text that needs little modifying is
the easiest way to make a new web page.
Modify all text
Change all links
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Figure 9.10 Graphics can be edited in an image editor if text is erased,
color is added in the erased areas, and new text is added.
Test the web page offline with Explorer.
To test the web page,
a) Click File
b) Click Open
c) Click Browse
d) Find the new web page
Note: You can test the web pages with other browsers
and older versions of Explorer.
You may find that the web page is displayed slightly
differently with different browsers. If it looks in order
it will be fine.
Since new browsers come and go, you can always
surf the Internet to research the popularity of
the various browsers. You will find the that Internet
the latest versions of Internet Explorer are the most
popular.
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Figure 9.11 New page content with the same look.
Upload the web site with FTP software.
Using Adobe Photoshop is a great resource to make a web page
look exactly like you want. Why? Unlike HTML editors, you can
place all text and images where you want and they will stay there
when the picture file is converted to HTML. However, the process
involved to make the web page requires the use of an HTML editor
too, unless you do not want any lnks on the web page.
There are two methods to make web pages in Photoshop-one
technique involves slicing the files and the other is making a picture
file with layers which can be opened in Adobe Go_live CS2 or used
with a Photoshop plugin called SiteGrinder.
For slicing files, the process goes as follows - you make a picture
file, slice it up into sections, and convert it to html which will
include all the picture files. Any parts of the image whch are not
sliced will automatically become spacer files. Slicing the files is a
good way to prepare a specific sliced image to be a link.
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The only pitfall to using sliced images is that everything is stored
as images. Therefore, only images can be replaced. You cannot
rewrite any text.
Photoshop Layers and Adobe GoLive CS2
Make a Photoshop file (PSD) in layers. Each layer
will be linkable in the HTML editor Adobe GoLive.
Open Adobe Go_live to start a new blank HTML
page.
To make a blank page,
a) Click New
b) Click Pages
c) Click HTML Page
d) Click OK
Figure 9.12 New blank page in Adobe GoLive.
a) Click File b) Click Import c) Click Photoshop
Layers
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Chapter 9
Figure 9.13 Importing Photoshop layers.
Select a file
Figure 9.14 Selecting a file.
a) Select a folder for the saved images b) Click OK
Figure 9.15 Selecting a place to save files.
The optimized tag should be clicked by default, if
not, click it
Figure 9.16 Saving all files and file settings.
Click Save until all files have been saved
Note: You can make custom settings for each image
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file that will be saved, like GIF and jpeg.
The files will look like the Photoshop file. However,
the page will align on the left hand side of the page.
If you want the page to align in the middle, css editing
is required. There are many professionally looking
pages that align on the left.
To make links in GoLive a�erwards,
Click Window
Click Inspector
Select Link
Write the address in the white box
Figure 9.17 Link location.
Click More
Click the ´Border´ check box
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Click none
Figure 9.18 Write ’0’ border.
SiteGrinder
SiteGrinder is a third party vendor that takes a layered PSD file and
converts it into html and a cascading style sheet. You can buy it or
try it from their website at medialabs.com.
The advantage of Sitegrinder over Image slicing with Adobe
Photoshop or ImageReady is that text can be edited in an HTML
editor, whereas all sliced files are graphics that can only be edited
in an image editor like Photoshop.
To use SiteGrinder a�er it is installed,
Click File
Click Automate
Click Site Grinder. SiteGrinder has online help
that explains how to make an html page with a CSS.
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Slicing Images with Adobe Photoshop 7.0 - CS3
Making a web page with slicing images is a process which takes a
file and makes it into many picture files. The reason a person wants
many picture files is so that images can contain links.
For those people that do not have a creative touch, you can take a
screen capture of a buddy’s website that you like and paste it into
Photoshop. Then, you can slice all images and make an identical
web page. After that, you can replace pictures with your images
that are identical in size and name.
To make a web page with Adobe Photoshop,
Make a new file that you want for the web page
in Photoshop. A good size is 800 x 600 pixels.
Save the file in any format like jpeg, GIF or PSD.
Open the file in Adobe Photoshop, if it is not
already open.
Click the Slicing tool
Figure 9.19 Slicing tool.
Drag and drop boxes around any desired places.
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Each box that is made will be a separate file. This
makes linking easy in the future.
Figure 9.20 Slicing boxes show up on the image.
Click File
Click Save for the web or Save for Web and Devices.
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Figure 9.21 Saving.
Click Save to store each sliced image.
Figure 9.22 Saving each sliced image.
Select a directory to save the html file and images
In Save as type: Select HTML and images
Figure 9.23 Saving HTML and images.
Click Save
Open the html file in a program for web design,
like FrontPage, Adobe GoLive, or Dreamweaver.
Note: Every box is an image which can be edited.
Read the following important notes
Note: The web page will be in a table aligned to the
left hand side of the page.
To make the page align in the center,
align = “center” must be added into the html source
code
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The final code will be:
<TABLE WIDTH=750 BORDER=0 CELLPADDING=0
CELLSPACING=0 align = “center”>
Note:
When links are added later in an HTML editor, the
appearance of the tables can be altered which makes
the page looks horrible. However, making sure that
the link has no border will solve this problem.
Adobe ImageReady has been included with versions of Photshop
from 7.0-CS3. This tutorial will cover how to take a web page
made in Photoshop or ImageReady, slice it up, and convert it to
HTML.
To make a web page with Adobe ImageReady,
Make a file that you want for the web page in
ImageReady. A good size is 800 x 600 pixels.
Save the file in any format like jpeg, GIF or PSD.
Open the file in Adobe ImageReady, if it is not al
ready open.
Click the Slicing tool
Drag and drop boxes around any desired places.
Each box that is made will be a separate file. This
makes linking easy in the future.
Figure 9.24 The image file.
Click File
Click Output Settings
Click Slices
Figure 9.25 Select Slices.
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Select
i) Click Generate Table or
ii) Click Generate CSS
Figure 9.26 Tables and CSS.
Click OK
Save optimized as
Select a directory to save the html file and images
In Save as type: Select HTML and images
Figure 9.27 Select HTML and images.
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Click Save
Open the html file in a program for web design,
like FrontPage, Adobe GoLive, or Dreamweaver.
Note: Every box is an image which can be edited.
Read the following important notes
Note: If a table was selected in step 8, the page will
align to the left by default. If you want it to align in
the center, go to the source code in an HTML editor
and make the following small addition to the similar
code below.
CELLSPACING=0>
align = “center” must be added to the line
The final code will be:
CELLSPACING=0 align = “center”>
Note:
If CSS was selected in step 9, the cascading style sheet
and all the files must ne uploaded to view the page
correctly on the Internet.
Note:
When links are added later, the appearance of the
tables can be altered which makes the page looks
horrible. However, making sure the link has no
border will solve this problem.
CHAPTER
CHAPTER106
DIGITAL PHOTOGRAPHY
AND IMAGE EDITING
T
here are many image editors available such as; Adobe
Photoshop, Corel Photopaint, Abobe Photodeluxe, and
Microsoft Image Composer. They all have different capabilities.
However, all of them can do the basics to a graphic such as
adjusting the Brightness and Contrast, and cut out sections of a
photo. Programs that are less extravagant will load faster in older
computers. Also, some programs need more computer requirements
than others in order to be used.
To make the most of a digital photography program, a lot of
memory is the key. With a lot of memory, such as 256+ MB of
RAM, you can run two or more programs at once. Using more
programs allows you to edit images in an image editor before
placing them into another program.
This chapter will explain digital with the industry’s leader, Adobe
Photoshop.
In more recent versions of Photoshop, like Photoshop 7.0 to CS3,
Adobe includes a program called Adobe Image Ready.
Using Different Photo Mediums
An image editor can take a scanned photo, scanned negative or
digital file and change it to how you would like. You can change
the colors and design.
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Make Slide Shows
Another way to use your image editor is to turn your computer into
a device that plays slides with GIF animation software. A good
monitor, and high resolution pictures can allow you to view an
unlimited amount of photographs.
Using Photos and Negatives
Photo quality is best done at a lab because of the quality and price.
If you have a decent photographic quality printer you can use it to
print your own photos. The photos can be digital photos, scanned
photos, or scanned negatives. Good 8.5”*11”photographic paper is
less than US$.75.
You can take a role of film to a photo lab to get the negatives
developed. This cost is only a couple of bucks for a role of 24 color
or black and white. The advantage of using negatives for artwork
is that they can be scanned to give significantly higher mega pixels
than any affordable digital camera.
To take matters a little further you can purchase a kit to process
your own negatives in the smallest space. The kit is small.
Once the negatives are developed, you can scan them with a
negative scanner for image editing.
To develop black and white negatives:
Load the film onto a dry spiral, and, wrap the
whole thing onto the spiral.
Load the spiral into the container.
Put the developer into the container.
Agitate the tank according to manufacturer’
instructions. Empty the developer at the correct time
Please read manufacturer’s instructions.
Pour the Stop Bath in immediately afterwards.
Then, agitate for the correct time interval and pour
out. The Stop Bath can be re-used.
249
Add the fixer. Agitate for 30 seconds, then agitate
once a minute using the manufacturer’s instructions
until the recommended time interval is reached.
Wash the film with cold water. Then, add a little
warm water, but, not too warm. The water temp
should be within a few degrees of the processing
temperature.
Then, wash the film for 20-30 minutes.
The next step is to add the correct amount of wetting
agent into the tank and agitate for a half minute.
Wipe the film and hang to dry.
Make Web Pages
Flashy web graphics can be made with Photoshop. Text and
graphics can be incorporated into a file in that gives a unique look.
The images can be used in a web page or as background images in
a web page. GIF and JPEG are standard image formats for the web.
Tip: Viewing pages in various colors, such as 16 colors and 256
colors and resolutions like 1024x768 and 600x800 will allow you
to see various computer monitor settings.
The chapter in this book ‘Electronic Publishing’ explains how to
use Adobe Photoshop and Adobe ImageReady to make a web site.
Photoshop is an excellent tool for this job because your site you
make in Photoshop will look exactly the same on-line. Photoshop
has had this capability with Photoshop 7.0-CS3.
Make Drawings with a Pencil, Paintbrush, or
Airbrush
Photoshop has various tools for making sketches. The sketches can
be drawn any way desired, or with straight lines. The designs for
the lines can be set to serve your exact needs; such as thickness and
color.
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To get a photo into Photoshop for image-editing purposes,
the photo must be opened into Photoshop, pasted into Photoshop,
or, scanned into Photoshop. Scanning will be discussed a little later,
under the heading, Scanning. Opened or pasted graphics must be a
Photoshop compatible file such as; .JPEG, .GIF, .BMP, .PCX and
.TIFF.
Open
When File is clicked in the main menu, there will be a list of many
other commands such as New and Open.
To open a file,
Click Open. This will allow the Photoshop user to
get a file from a variety of sources.
The top line will say Look in:
After the empty white rectangular box, there will be a
downward pointing arrow.
Click the downward pointing arrow to view the
options; such as 3½ Floppy(A:), and C: The C: is the
computer’s hard drive.
After Ram(C:) is clicked, you may have to search
for the program that contains the file you are looking
for. To narrow the search, click one of the formats on
the bottom line that says Files of Type:. There will
be a list of choices such as BMP, GIF, JPEG and TIFF.
GIF and JPEG are the most widely used for the web,
and store files in a relatively small size that allows for
quick loading when someone opens up the web site.
For paper publishing, GIF and JPEG work well, but,
TIFF is a higher image quality. Better quality is recommended in paper publishing if top quality is
what you want.
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When the desired file is found,
Double-click the file to open it.
Figure 10.1 Opening the desired file.
Scanning a Photo
To scan an image, the computer must have the particular scanner’s
software installed.
To scan an image,
Click File
Click Import. After Import is clicked, there will be
a new set of options.
Click TWAIN.
Now, here is where custom applications must be
made, according to the brand of scanner.
The choices are to pick the color such as black and
white, RGB color, or grayscale and DPI.
Pre-scan an image. Scanned images with a higher
DPI such as 1200-2400 dpi, are high quality, and can be
made larger into a image editor.
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Chapter 10
Figure 10.2 The image show up.
Now, the mouse can be used to drag and draw a
box around a specific part of the image to be scanned.
Click Scan to scan the image
a) If the first scan looks a little pale you can give it
another go. Just close the previous scan without saving
it, and do the procedure once again.
b) Or, if the scan looks a little imperfect, don’t worry
about it. That is what Adobe Photoshop is for.
Photoshop may take a little time to learn, but it gives
a person many affordable, powerful tools, than those
of an old school photographic developer.
But, the knowledge to use the gear effectively will
cost a few bucks and a few headaches.
With high resolution cameras showing market
advertising dominance with affordable prices,
this makes a photographic developer on the skinny.
Photoshop gives you a digital darkroom at your fingertips. Digital
cameras and darkroom experts may say that Photoshop is too rigid
and computer oriented, but, the truth is, one can perfect darkroom
253
effects, and fix photos to be printed on paper and the web. And this
system can be operated out of a laptop computer that fits in some
large pizza boxes.
When using Photoshop, it is best to know what it is you want to
know what to do. Do you want to make nice photos that are not
fancy, do you want to repair photos? Basically, do you want to
make good images, or, do you want to whatever your imagination
allows?
Going Grayscale
To convert to grayscale,
Click Image
Click Mode
Click Grayscale to convert all black and white or
color photos into grayscale mode. Using grayscale
offers more options to manipulate photos than black
and white.
Grayscale photos look more realistic than black
and white, because it covers a large range of grays.
Black and white seems to make the images black or
white while grayscale shows more uniformity of an
actual photo, except colorless.
Adjusting Brightness and Contrast
This is another command that does good touch-up.
To adjust brightness and contrast,
Click Image
Click Adjust
Click Auto Levels. This command will help even
out an over-exposed and under-exposed photo.
Athough this works well in some cases, manually
operating the Brightness and Contrast settings will
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Chapter 10
give a better, custom job to fit a particular printer or
screen’s compatibility.
Figure 10.3 Brightness and contrast.
or
To alter Brightness and Contrast,
Click Image
Click Adjust
Click Brightness/Contrast
Move each arrow along a bar will alter the
photo.
Look at the photo, and find the right setting through
trial and error.
The first step in understanding contrast and
brightness is to realize that each darken and lighten a
photo in its own way.
The twist is that sliding the pointer to the left of one
of those functions will darken, while sliding it to the
left with the other will lighten the image.
Click OK when you are satisfied with the final
result.
Increasing Canvas Size or Image Size
This function allows you to add a larger background so that you
can add stuff such as text and another layer.
255
To change the image or canvas size,
Click Image
Click Canvas size or Image size
Customize the size
Click OK
The filters are the trip. Editing a photo an infinite number of ways
is possible. Applying filters can be time consuming in many cases.
But, filters can take a photo of ma and pa and turn it into a painting
that a Jimmy Hendrix of Today would wear on his shirt. If the
photo is bound for other applications, such as a word processor,
publishing program, or, HTML editor, you can further expand the
pixels there if you want. Artwork can be improved in some cases,
but, photos, meant to be photos, seem to become lower quality,
pixel by pixel.
This section will show the basics of using filters for drawings,
clip art, and photos. However, it will not cover all filters in detail
because Photoshop CS2 has a filter gallery that shows what an
effect can do. Also, the best way to make the most of filters is to
practice and take personal notes. Most Filters such as Neon Glow
have a large range of one effect. A single filter or various filter
effects can be applied to an image.
To activate filters,
Click Filter in the main menu.
To see and test filter effects in Photoshop CS2 and CS3,
Click Filter
Click Filter Gallery
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Chapter 10
Figure 10.4 Filter gallery is opened.
Figure 10.5 Quick view of a filter’s capabilities.
a) Browse through the topics; such as Artistic,
Distort, Sketch, Stylize, and Texture
or
b) Click the drop down arrow and make a selection
Figure 10.6 Select a filter.
Click Ok to view the change to your pic. The left
hand screen will show the changes to your picture.
Your picture will have changed too.
Figure 10.7 Filter applied to the image.
To change an unwanted filter effect,
Click Edit
Clicking Step Backward or Click Undo.
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With more recent versions, you can undo as many
steps as you want.
With older versions, like 5.5 you can Undo the last
filter application. But, if another application is
applied, the last filter applied will be permanent,
unless you did not save the file.
To go back to the last saved version,
Click File
Click Revert
Filter Examples to Get You Rolling
Your photos should be in Grayscale or RGB Color
If they are not, some, or all of the filters may not be usable.
To change the image color,
Click Image
Click Mode
Click
a) Grayscale for B&W images,
or
b) RGB Color for color images
Photo Manipulation
Photos can be altered in many ways to give special effects, For
example, a photo can look like a detailed sketch or
painting in a single click of the mouse.
Figure 10.8 Original digital photo.
Poster edges filter
Plastic wrap filter
Spherize filter
Stamp filter
Figure 10.9 Several filter effects applied to the image.
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Editing Graphics and Clip Art
You may want to apply special effects to graphics that are not
available in drawing programs such as Corel Draw. Or, you may
want to take a mediocre graphic and give it an artist’s touch.
For example, you can use the commands such as;
Click Filter
Click Stylize
Click
a) Find Edges
or
b) Trace Contour.
These two commands can give a neat effect to drawn
lines.
Layers are a great way to add images and text on top of an image.
Figure 10.10 See through layers.
261
To insert a layer,
Click Layer
Click New
Click Layer
Name the layer.
The easiest way to insert a layer is to Cut and Paste
an image from another graphic.
The move tool or pointer tool can be used to position all of
the graphics.
Only one layer can be edited at a time. The layer
control palette will allow you to choose any layer you
want to edit.
Note: All of the functions, like brightness and contrast
will apply only to the present layer, unless a file with
various layers is saved, and re-opened.
To position layer of text,
Click the Text tool.
Write text where desired.
To add transparency or opacity to a layer (a transparent
layer of varying degrees),
Click Window
Click Show Layers
Choose Layer
Choose an opacity percentage by sliding the bar
to the left or to the right. This allows you to choose
the percentage of opacity.
To remove a layer,
Click Layer
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Click Delete Layer. It is possible to make an
unlimited amount of layers which all can be deleted,
starting from the most recent layer.
To edit a specific layer a�er many layers are added,
Click on the specific layer in the Layer window.
a) Alter settings with the Layers window or
b) i) Click the move tool or pointer tool ii) Move the layer
to a new spot.You should not save the file until you are
absolutely satisfied.
Image, in the main menu, contains the following
commands;
I) Mode. This command allows you to convert an
image to:
a) Bitmap, b) Grayscale c) Indexed color d) RGB color
e) 8 bits/channel f) 16 bits/channel
II) Adjust. Commonly used commands are:
a) Levels This adjust color.
b) Auto Levels. This command automatically adjusts the
brightness and contrast settings.
c) Brightness/Contrast. This is used to manually
adjust brightness and contrast.
d) Hue/Saturation
e) Invert The Invert command allows you to convert the
black areas to white and the white areas black.
For example, let’s assume you have a white page with
black lines and you use this command.
After you apply the command, you will have a
black page and white lines.
III) Duplicate.
This makes a new file that is identical to the file you
are working on.
IV) Image Size.
Use this command to custom size an image. This is a
very valuable command that can be used so that copied
images can be pasted into other at the right size.
V) Canvas Size
This makes the canvas size larger. This is a good
command to use, especially when adding layers
such as graphics and text. It is also useful for adding
borders around a graphic.
VI) Crop
This command is used to crop or cut out a section in an
image.
To crop an area,
Use the marquee tool or cropping tool to select an
area to crop
Click Image
Click Crop
VII) Rotate Canvas
This command is used to rotate an image at the
desired position, such as 90° clockwise.
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Figure 10.11 Recent Photoshop toolbox. Most of all these features
can be used from versions 7.0-CS2.
Figure 10.12 Photoshop CS3 toolbox.
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Figure 10.13 Toolbox for Abobe ImageReady.
The toolbox in Photoshop is good for adding some artistic effects
to files; such as adding text, adding air brush strokes, erasing
unwanted parts, dodging and burning and adding paint.
Each tool is packed with features to make a custom application.
For example, let’s say you want to draw a simple line. Before you
draw a line, double clicking on the Line Tool will open up custom
options in the toolbar under the main menu, or a pop up a box will
open up on the screen Now, the line thickness can be customized
and other effects can be included too.
To use custom applications for each tool,
a) Click Window and Click Options
or
b) Double click on the tool of choice.
Make custom selections, if necessary.
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Figure 10.14 Each tool can be customized.
Figure 10.15 Options for working with typed text.
To change a recent edit of an image,
Click Edit
267
Click Undo to go back to the image’s state before
the last application was applied.
or
Click File
Click Revert
Using a Specific Tool
Marquee Tool
The Marquee Tool gives you four separate choices; such as the
Rectangular Tool and Ellipse Tool. This tool is a key instrument in
the making of computerized drawings. It can draw straight lines,
circles, squares, and rectangles.
Figure 10.16 Marquee tool options.
To use the marquee tool,
Draw a shape with a marquee tool so that the
inside area can be altered, while the rest of the file
remains untouched. For example, to can change the
brightness or contrast in a specific part
Click Image
Click Adjust
Click Brightness / Contrast
Customize
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Click OK
To change the color inside of a drawn marquee,
Click Edit
Click Fill
Choose a color
Click OK
To make drawn lines and shapes with the marquee tool,
Draw a shape
a) Click Edit b) Click Stroke c) Set a thickness
Click OK
To crop an image with the marquee tool,
Cut out an area with the marquee tool
Click Edit
Click Crop
Move Tool or Pointer Tool
The Pointer Tool can be used to move the file. When the Pointer
Tool is clicked on the page, then dragged, the whole file moves
either up or down, depending on where you drag the mouse.
The Pointer Tool can also be used to edit another application that
used a different tool. For example, let’s say that you used the Type
Tool to write some text to go into a photograph, such as the name
of the person in a photo. Now, let’s suppose that after the text was
positioned, it looked like it was in the wrong spot. Well, if you
activated the Pointer Tool and clicked on the text, it can be dragged
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and dropped to a perfect location.
All applications such as added text should be touched up
immediately after they are made in order to save time.
To delete a layer,
Click Layer
Click Delete Layer. Any amount of layers can be
deleted before a file is saved. A saved file will become
one layer.
To fix a saved file,
Click the eraser tool
Erase
Lasso Tool
The lasso tool has two options when it is clicked with a mouse,
and, the click is held.
Only one is the real keeper and it is pre-set. This lasso tool allows
you to make a custom drawing around any part of the file. Now,
this section can be edited without effecting the rest of the file. For
example, say you wanted to edit the brightness and contrast of a
person’s face. If you made a sketch around the hairline, you could
edit the face, while leaving the hair and background untouched.
Figure 10.17 Lasso tool options.
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Magic Wand Tool
The magic wand is a good tool to use if you want to fill an area
of a drawing with a graphic or color. In addition, it is a good tool
to highlight an area for which you want to apply a filter, without
having the filter modifying the rest of the graphic.
The Magic Wand Tool earns its name because it can highlight
specific areas on a page that could use a little touch-up. When you
use the magic wand you will see a tolerance box. Selecting a lower
tolerance is a more accurate way to cover a specific area. A higher
tolerance will cover more area. You may need change these settings
frequently to make the most of the magic wand.
Do not that the Magic Wand Tool is handy, but, it doesn’t always
do a 100% job highlighting job areas. But, the lasso tool does gives
you complete control.
Airbrush Tool for older Photoshop versions 4.0-5.5
The Airbrush Tool does everything from applying a splattered
paint job to making a line that looks similar to one made from a
Paintbrush Tool.
Double click on the Airbrush Tool to open up a set of options that
will appear at the top right hand corner of the program.
Brush Tool for Photoshop 7.0 - CS3
The brush Tool paints lines like a paintbrush.
Double clicking on the brush will allow you to customize the line in
areas such as line thickness and darkness of paint.
Figure 10.18 Brush tool options.
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Paintbrush Tool
Older versions of Photoshop and ImageReady
The Paintbrush Tool paints lines like a paintbrush.
Double clicking on the Paintbrush will allow you to customize the
line in areas such as line thickness and darkness of paint.
Art History Brush for Photoshop 7.0 - CS3
This brush smudges the graphic.
Figure 10.19 Art History tool.
Eraser Tool
The Eraser is good for erasing drawn lines on a black and white
scan, such as a pen and paper sketch.
Clicking Window followed with clicking options, or double
clicking on the Eraser will show a list of options for which you can
choose to make your custom eraser.
The eraser will erase lines and the photo if it is used on a picture
file.
Figure 10.20 Eraser tool options.
To remove lines on a picture file,
Click Edit
Click Undo from the main menu.
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Blur Tool / Sharpen Tool / Smudge Tool
Photoshop 7.0-CS3
Figure 10.21 Blur tool options.
Smudge Tool for Older Photoshop versions
Tool The Smudge Tool is used for will show a list of options at the
top right hand corner of the program.
Double clicking on the Smudge Tool will allow you to customize
settings.
Blur Tool / Sharpen Tool for Older Photoshop versions
Allows you to blur and sharpen edges.
An alternative method to blur and sharpen in all versions,
Click Filter
a) Click Blur or
b) Click Sharpen. There are various settings with the
Filters.
Dodge / Burn Tool
The dodge setting allow you to lighten the image and enhance
detail. The burn tool darkens areas and brings back detail. The
dodge tool works well with underexposed images while the burn
tool can bring back parts of an overexposed image that you did not
know existed.
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Figure 10.22 Dodge and burn.
Type Tool / Type Mask Tool
The Type Tool is used to add a layer of text on top of the existing
file. For example, text can be added to show the name of the person
in the photo, or, it can be used to show parts of a drawn diagram.
The horizontal type tool places text in a normal line.
Figure 10.23 Type tool selections.
To make text,
Click the Type Tool
Position the cursor to the spot where you want
the text to go. A box will show up on the screen.
Inside the box, you can type the text in your
desired font and style.
Click OK and the text will be positioned at the
spot.
To fine tune the positioning of the text,
Click the Pointer Tool
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Click on the text.
Now, keep the mouse clicked and drag and drop
the text.
Letting go of the left mouse button will leave the
text in place.
Line Tool
The Line Tool is used to make straight lines. These lines can be
simple black lines and arrows.
Double clicking on the Line Tool will allow you to customize
settings.
Figure 10.24 Line tool selections.
Paint Bucket Tool
The Bucket Tool is used to splash paint somewhere on the file.
Figure 10.25 Paint bucket tool.
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To use the paint bucket tool to apply paint to a specific
section,
Use the Magic Wand or Lasso Tool to define a
specific area for painting.
Choose a color.
To choose a color,
Method A
Click on the big overlapping box below the Paint
Bucket Tool.
Choose a color.
or
Method B
Click Edit
Click Fill
Choose a color.
Drag the Paint Bucket with the mouse to the
desired area and click. It may take a few mouse clicks
to paint the area, especially if it was highlighted with
the Lasso.
Double clicking on the Paint Bucket will allow you to
customize settings.
Eyedropper Tool
This tool is used to get a paint sample from a specific area. For
example, when the Eyedropper Tool is clicked, the box will record
this color. Now, you may want another section of the file painted
with the same color. Well, when the Paint Bucket Tool is activated,
that color will the one that is painted.
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Figure 10.26 Eyedropper tool.
Zoom Tool
To zoom an image in or out,
Click Zoom tool
Right Click Graphic
a) Click Zoom In to make an image bigger.
or
b) Click Zoom Out to make an image smaller
Background and Foreground
Near the bottom of the Tool bar, there will be two large boxes
that slightly overlap each other. The top box on the left is the
foreground color, the other box is the background color.
To customize the color of the foreground or background,
Double clicking the top box will allow you to
customize color settings for the Paint Bucket Tool.
The left box is the foreground color, the right box is
background color.
Note: The color code on the bottom left box is a number for a specific color. It is a good idea to have a file
with references to all the colors that you will use so
that you can use it later, if necessary.
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Figure 10.27 Color code is shown in the box.
Digital cameras are a blessing and a downfall to Photoshop. Why?
Because a good camera can leave a good picture that needs no
editing, that is, for the average photo buff. A good image can be
directly placed in most writing and publishing applications such as
Microsoft Word and Adobe PageMaker directly from another drive
like D:, or from another external device like a memory card or
external cd burner.
Digital cameras have the ability to record in black and white, sepia
tones, and color on the same storage device like a memory card.
Also, photos can be deleted from the digital camera’s storage space.
Photographic film on the other hand, needs special film like ASA
100, 400 and 800. With film, the negatives are permanent, whether
you like it or not.
The pitfall of digital cameras is that the good ones are expensive.
The real good ones have interchangeable lenses, and not stuck with
one f-stop setting, like most cheap automatic or digital cameras.
Digital cameras come in various amounts of pixels. More pixels
such as 10 mega pixels is a better quality image than less pixels. On
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paper, a better image counts. On the web, smaller files with less
pixels will load faster to the viewers with unnoticable quality. On
the web, the viewer’s resolution is limited, and so is their patience
when downloading a page.
These days, you can buy a new 10 mega pixel digital camera on
e-bay for less than $150. That camera will have automatic and
other settings that you can control like shutter speed, aperture
priority, and more. It will have built-in programmable settings for
all photographic situations like indoor photos, landscape pictures,
close-ups, action photos, and more.
Basic Picture Taking
The basic elements that can alter the looks of a picture are the
shutter speed, aperture setting, and where the focussed object is
located with respect to the rest of the picture.
A fast shutter speed captures the picture very quickly while a
slow shutter speed has the lens opened for a longer time period.
Fast shutter speeds can catch the detail of fast moving object.
A slow shutter speed allows more light into the lens for evening
pictures. A slow shutter speed can allow for interesting effects if
the scenery has still and moving characteristics; like a flowing river
surrounded by trees. If the shutter speed is slow, the river can give
a unique effect, while the trees will look normal.
The aperture setting controls the depth of field. A smaller
f-stop, like f2.8 will have less focus before and after the subject in
focus than a higher number like f8.0.
Finally, focusing on an object at various distances will change how
much of the picture is in focus before and after the subject.
With your digital camera and its specific lens, you can practice how
to make beautiful pictures by changing these three simple variables.
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Lined borders are easily made in other programs where a graphic is
sent, such as Word, PageMaker, and HTML editors. However, they
may look a little boring.
But, the feathering command in Photoshop leaves a nice finish.
Feathering lightens the edges.
To make a feathered finish,
Click on the marquee tool which is the tool in
the top left-hand corner of the toolbox. It looks like a
square with dotted lines surrounding it.
Go to the border or elsewhere in the graphic and
draw a box. The area outside the box will be the
lighter finish.
Click Select or Select and Modify from the main menu
Click Feather.
Put a number in the highlighted box. A larger
number will leave lighter feathering.
Figure 10.28 Feathering.
To make a solid border,
Using the marquee tool to draw an outline
Note: You may want to increase the canvas size so
that you can make the border.
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To increase the canvas size,
a) Click Image b) Click Canvas Size c) Increase the
width and height about one inch. d) Click OK
Click Select
Click Modify
Click Border
Fill in a thickness
Click Edit
Click Stroke.
Fill in thickness.
Note: The foreground color in the Photoshop tool box
will be the color of the border
Figure 10.29 Border.
Although Photoshop does a great job editing photos, there are other
programs that can do things with images that Photoshop cannot.
GIF animators and Macromedia®Flash are examples of software
that can give effects to still images.
Flash™ can do everything from making an animated GIF to
making vector animations. Vector animations are small files that
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make astounding effects in web pages. However, the viewer must
have the Flash™ player on the hard drive to see these animations.
In other words, the audience is limited to computers that have the
popular viewer.
GIF animators are cheap software that do actions such as blinking
images, slide shows, slowly removing an entire image from
a background and moving banners. Ulead GIF Animator and
Microsoft GIF animators are examples of animated GIF software.
Surprisingly, GIF animation programs are packed with a lot of
functions for animating GIF files.
To make a jgeg file into a GIF file,
Open the jpeg file
Click File
Click Save as
Choose CompuServe (*.GIF)
Click Save
If there is a new box, Click Preserve exact colors
Figure 10.30 GIF file specs.
Click OK
CHAPTER
CHAPTER117
GIF ANIMATION, FLASH
GIF
andANIMATION
JAVASCRIPT
G
IF animators are software packages that make GIF images
move on a web page, or, on your computer monitor. A GIF
animation can do things such as slide shows, blinking images and
more. You need to learn how to use the software, but, you do not
need to be a programmer in order to use the program effectively.
When you design your web page, insert an animated GIF just as
you would upload a still graphic.
Most Internet establishments at home, cafes and schools, even in
third world countries, have newer technology that can view GIF
animation. However, there are many people in these countries that
are at home and surf the net without the fanciest gear. They are
surfing a different wave than someone who never had to bear the
burden of not owning the newest machine.
Making a GIF File
Digital photography programs, like Adobe Photoshop are a good
place to convert photo images of another format; such as a jpeg to a
GIF file.
To make GIF file,
Open the file with Photoshop
Click File
Click Save a Copy
Choose (GIF). Now, the file will be saved as a GIF
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file, and the old file will remain too.
This program is a gem. It makes good slide shows and other
imaging movements. Best of all, it has only a few basic commands
that do a lot of work for you without making matters complicated.
Animated GIF Samples
Figure 11.1 Simple to use GIF animator is
running.
To make a slide show,
Click the yellow envelope which is the second
GIF Animation, Flash and Javascript
285
command on the top Toolbar.
Or,
Click the first box
Click the second box on the top toolbar.
Find the file in Look In:. You need to click the
envelopes that lead the path to the desired file.
Double-click on the file of choice, and it will
appear in the first box.
To put in other photos,
Click the fourth box in the Toolbar. It looks like a
piece of paper with a cross at the bottom right hand
corner.
Repeat this procedure to make a stack of photos for
the slide show.
Note* All the images must be the same size.
To make a one time or continuous animation,
Click Animation
Click the Looping box so that it is checked.
Click continuous for non-stopplay, or, set a number of
times you want the show to happen.
Note* The last image will be the one that stays on the
screen after a show is completed.
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Figure 11.2 Looping options.
To make custom se�ings for each image,
Click Image
Put a number in the box next to Duration (1/100s).
For example, putting in the number 100 is 1 second.
Figure 11.3 Duration for slides.
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To protect your images from being edited by a pirate,
Put a blank image as the first image in the GIF
animator.
Note: Although this GIF file can be used in a browser
like Internet Explorer, it will open as a blank page in
an image editor like Photoshop. This technque is a
good way to make an advertisement that can only be
borrowed, but not changed.
Flash is a good program to create simple and complex animations.
Flash was a very successful program well before high speed
Internet connections were not too popular. Now that high speed
connections dominate homes and Internet cafes, flash animations
reach a very large audience.
This section will cover the basics for allowing movement to pictures
and graphics.
All effects in this section will use a 'Timeline'.
To activate a hidden timeline in Flash,
Click Window
Click Timeline
Basic Tweening
Open Up Flash
Click File
Click Open
Select the file, such a .jpg.
Advanced Option: You can use the marquee tool
in photoshop to copy and paste more images into
Flash. All these images will move together when you
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apply the motion tween.
Click Window and make sure the Transform
feature is checked. If not, Click Transform.
Increase or decrease the picture size
Figure 11.4 Changing image size.
Put the pic in the desired position
Click on the first and only frame
a) Click Insert and Click Frame
or Click F5 to add frames.
Try your scene with about 15-20 frames.
Use the arrow Tool and highlight the graphic.
Note: The tools must be present.
To activate the tools,
a) Click Window
b) Click Tools
Figure 11.5 Toolbox.
Click on the last frame
Click Insert
Click Create Motion Tween
Click Motion next to Tween in the properties box
Figure 11.6 Select motion.
Move the graphic to the desired position
Select Loop or play once in the properties box
Figure 11.7 Looping allows for a continuous animation.
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To add a second route of motion,
Click Insert keyframe
Figure 11.8 Adding more movement.
a) Click Insert b) Click Frames
or Click F5 until you get enough frames
Use the arrow Tool and highlight the graphic.
Move the graphic to the desired position
Select Loop or play once in the properties box
To set a page size and frame rate,
Click Modify
Click Document
Place in the desired numbers
Note: It is best to get the size now instead of resizing
the graphic in an HTML editor like Frontpage or
Adobe Go_Live
To test the layer,
Click the first frame
Click Control
Click Play
To add more graphics that you can move to desired
positions,
a) Click Insert b) Click Layer
a) Copy a picture file from an image Editor like
Photoshop b) Paste it into the new layer
Repeat steps 6-17 from the basic tweening section.
To make the animation file,
Click File
Click Export Movie
Choose a name and a file format like animated
GIF or .swf
Figure 11.9 Making the file for the web.
Click Save
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Motion Guides
Motion guides are used to allow an image to move anywhere you
desire in the flash movie.
To set up the dimensions for a motion guide,
Open Up Flash
Click File
Click Open
Select the file, such as .jpg.
or Copy and Paste the file from Adobe Photoshop
with the Marquee Tool instead of opening a file.
Click Window and make sure the Transform
feature is checked. If not, Click Transform.
Increase or decrease the picture size
Figure 11.10 Changing image size.
To change the page view,
a) Click View
b) Click Zoom In or Zoom Out
Figure 11.11 Changing the way the page is viewed.
Click Modify
Click Document
Adjust the size to fit into your HTML page and
the frame rate.
Note: These settings can be altered later at any time.
Figure 11.12 The image size of the movie.
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To make a graphic move in your desired pa�ern,
Click on the first and only frame
Figure 11.13 Location of the first frame.
a) Click Insert and Click Frame
or b) Click F5 to add frames.
Figure 11.14 This layer has 15 frames.
Click the original layer so it is highlighted in
black, if it is not already highlighted.
Click Insert
Click Motion Guide
Figure 11.15 The new motion guide is visible.
Select the first frame in the guide layer.
Figure 11.16 The first frame in the guide layer.
a) Click Insert b) Click Keyframe
Draw a motion line from start to finish with the
pencil tool. It must touch the object.
Figure 11.17 The image will move along the drawn
line.
Note: The tools must be present.
To activate the tools,
a) Click Window
b) Click Tools
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Figure 11.18 Tools.
a) Click View b) Click Snap to Objects so that it
has a check mark
Click the second frame of the original layer 1.
With the arrow tool, move the image until it crosses
half way over the front of the guide line.
Figure 11.19 Selecting the second frame.
a) Click Insert b) Click Create Motion Tween
Next to Swap Select play once or loop or select
motion next to Tween:
Figure 11.20 Selecting play once or loop.
Make sure that the arrow tool is still selected.
Move the graphic a short distance and release the
mouse until it locks into place, if it did not lock
in step #13. A black circle will indicate locking.
Click the last frame in the original layer
Move the picture to the end of the line with the
arrow tool. It will lock just like step #13.
Figure 11.21 Locked pic.
Click the first frame from the original layer menu
and make sure Motion from the tweening pop up
menu is selected
Figure 11.22 Motion is selected.
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Click Enter
To add more graphics that you can move to desired
positions,
a) Click Insert b) Click Layer
a) Copy a picture file from an image Editor like
Photoshop b) Paste it into the new layer
Repeat steps 1-18 from this motion guide section.
To test the basic animation,
Click Control
Click Play
To get rid of the motion guide line,
Click the car guide layer
Click the line with the arrow tool
Right click on the Guide Layer
Click Properties
In the Layer Properties box, make sure that the show
box is not selected
Figure 11.23 Removing line.
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To make the animation file,
Click File
Click Export Movie
Choose a name and a file format like animated
GIF or .swf
Click Save
Changing the Image Size and Rotating Images
This simple lesson can be used to create a gradual change in the
size of a graphic over a series of frames.
In addition to size change, you have the option to rotate the image
over a series of frames too.
To create the new size and rotation,
Open Up Flash
a) Click File b) Click Open c) Select the file
or Copy and Paste the file from Adobe Photoshop
with the Marquee Tool
Note: The image should be the desired size before it is
placed into Flash
a) Click Insert b) Click Frames
or Click F5 until you get enough frames
Click a frame where you want the image size to
be the new size like frame 15
In the transform window choose a new size and
selection amount of rotation.
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Figure 11.24 New size.
Note: Click Window and Click Transform if it is not
on the screen.
Click Enter
Click an early frame where you want the gradual
size change to begin, like frame 1 or 2
a) Click Insert b) Click Create Motion Tween
Simple, inexpensive GIF animators can be used to add effects to
your images. Ulead is an example of one of these products.
The software is very basic to use. You open up an image file and
apply a command. You can apply special effects to an image and
decide if you like them. All GIF animators have a looping feature.
Looping is used to achieve an animated effect that can take place
once or continuously.
Some websites may have a nice animation you want to use that
is there for free downloading. For example, using keywords like
free animated GIFs will give many sites that have free GIFS for
downloading and others will want money for animations.
To download an animated GIF file,
Right click on the animation
Click Save Picture as
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Choose a place to save the file.
Click Save
Javascript is a programming language that can be used to program
the way images can be viewed in a browser.
This section will detail how to make a basic slide show that can be
used to change from one slide to another with captions.
The Javascript code is pasted into the head of the HTML source
code. The easiest way to get a slide show code is to surf the Internet
for sites that have free javascripts. Many free Javascripts include
directions for the specific code.
The following example shows how to modify the Javascript code
so that it will work with your images.
Figure 11.25 The first slide.
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Figure 11.26 The second slide.
To alter this free 'Slide Show' Javascript to fit your needs,
Replace the sample picture files with the same
name and size. In this case there are nine pictures,
each named pic1.jpg, pic2.jpg, and so on.
The following sample uses images that are 400x300
pixels.
Put your number of slides you have next to
num_of_slides=9
Put the number of the last slide next to
function lastslide(){
slide_num = 9;
Next to desc1="August21"; put in your own
description of pic1.
Note: The description must fit between the quotation
marks
Repeat a description for each image
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HTML Source Code With Javascript Code
<html>
<head>
<title>Writer’s Guide</title>
<meta name=”description” content=”Four Titles For Today’s Times”>
<meta name=”keywords” content=”Javascript, voice dictation”>
<style fprolloverstyle>A:hover {color: #FF0000; font-weight: bold}
</style>
<meta name=”robots” content=”index,follow”>
<script language=”JavaScript”>
<!-// sIMPLE sLIDE sHOW with Description sCRIPT by
// Chetan M Soni([email protected]), 8/1999-2006.
//
// NOTICE: To my knowledge this script works with
// Netscape 3.0+ and Internet Explorer 4.0+. By
// using this script you agree that I am not
// responsible for any type of damage it causes.
// To use this script freely, you must leave this
// comment intact.
//
// If you need help using the script, email me at
// [email protected], and I’ll be happy to help.
// Browser checker
Browser_Name = navigator.appName;
Browser_Ver = parseInt(navigator.appVersion);
if((Browser_Name == “Netscape” && Browser_Ver >= 3) || (Browser_
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Name == “Microsoft Internet Explorer” && Browser_Ver >= 4)) Browser_
Gen = “>=3rd”;
else Browser_Gen = “<3rd”;
if (Browser_Gen == ‘>=3rd’) {
num_of_slides = 9;
slide_num = 1;
// Declare the number of slides in your show
// Which slide loads ups first
// Description of each slide
desc1 = “August.21”;
desc2 = “Sept.6”;
desc5 = “Oct. 1”;
desc6 = “Oct.2”;
}
// These functions alter the slide_num accordingly
function firstslide(){
slide_num = 1;
changeslide();
}
function prevslide(){
slide_num = slide_num - 1;
if(slide_num < 1){
slide_num = num_of_slides;
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}
changeslide();
}
function nextslide(){
slide_num = slide_num + 1;
if(slide_num > num_of_slides){
slide_num = 1
}
changeslide();
}
function lastslide(){
slide_num = 9;
changeslide();
}
// This function changes the slide and the description box according to
the slide_num
function changeslide(){
// Changes the slide
eval(‘document.picbox.src = “pic’ + slide_num + ‘.jpg”’);
// Changes the description box
eval(‘document.descform.descbox.value = “Slide ‘ + slide_num + ‘: ‘ +
eval(‘desc’ + slide_num) + ‘”’);
}
// end hiding contents -->
</script>
</head>
To protect images with disabling right clicking,
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Copy and paste the following code into the head
of the HTML source code.
<SCRIPT LANGUAGE=”JavaScript1.1”>




</script>
CHAPTER
CHAPTER
000
12
VIDEO FILES
Y
ou may want to add video to your web page. With new
computers and the Internet, viewing and making video is now
as easy as it was viewing and making still photos a few years ago.
There are several methods one can use in order to make a digital
movie file for the World Wide Web.
Movie Tools
Digital Video Camera or Web Cam
These cameras allow you to make movies that are saved in digital
format. The computer needs a USB or firewire port in order to
connect the camera.
Video-editing software such as Windows Movie Maker,
Pinnacle Studio, Final Cut Pro and Adobe Premiere-Pro CS3
Video editing software can professionalize a dull movie, and to
convert digital files to various formats such as AVI and mpeg.
To edit movies on a computer, you need at least 128 mb of RAM
memory and a good video card with some software versions. As the
versions are improved, the necessary memory requirements go up
too. The manufacturer always specifies the minimum requirements.
However, more than the minimum increases performance.
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Pinnacle Studio
To capture video,
Connect the video camera to your computer.
More often than not, the connection to your computer
is a firewire.
Open up Pinnacle Studio
Make sure the ‘Capture’ tab is clicked.
Choose a capture setting; like full quality capture
Click setting to make adjustments; but, this is
probably not necessary because the default settings
are adequate.
Click ‘Start Capture’
Figure 12.1 Capturing the video.
Video Files
To edit the captured video,
Click the ‘Edit’ tab
Open the file.
The different scenes will be displayed in various
boxes.
Figure 12.2 Captured video with all of the scenes.
Drag each scene into the timeline that you want
to have in your movie. Just click the mouse on the
scene and release the mouse when you have placed it
in the timeline.
When the movie is made, these scenes will play in the
order that you select.
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Figure 12.3 All scenes moves into the timeline.
Double click on a scene to edit the scene.
For example, you can cut the scene to start and stop
when you desire.
There are many other bells and whistles that you can
add to each scene; like voice over, text over the clips,
or other layers.
Figure 12.4 Editing the start and stop of a scene.
Video Files
Click ‘Make Movie’ tab to make the video after
you are satisfied with the edit.
Choose a quality setting; like AVI, MPEG, and
stream.
AVI is good quality, but, the quality diminishes with
the other settings.
However, streaming and mpeg settings are smaller
files.
Watch the tv window or open the new video in
Windows Media Player to see how you video turned
out.
Figure 12.5 Making a new video file.
Windows Movie Maker
To capture video,
Connect the video camera to your computer.
More often than not, the connection to your computer
is a firewire.
Click Start
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Click Windows Movie Maker
Click ‘Capture From Video Device’
Click setting to make adjustments; but, this is
probably not necessary because the default settings
are adequate.
Click ‘Start Capture’
Figure 12.6 Capturing the video.
To edit a video,
In the open frames at the bottom of the screen, it
will say ‘Show Storyboard or Show Timeline’
Click ‘Show Storyboard’ so that it will say ‘Show
Timeline’, if ‘Show Timeline’ is not active.
Drag each scene you want in your movie to the
timeline.
Video Files
Figure 12.7 Each scene is dragged to the timeline.
Click ‘Show Timeline’ so that ‘Show Storyboard’
is active.
Click on a scene
Move the mouse to one side until two red arrows
are present.
Click the mouse and drag the scene inwards to
cut from the beginning or the end.
Note: The screen viewer on the top left will show you
what you cut out.
Figure 12.8 Making a beginning an end of each scene.
Click Finish Movie
Click Save to My Computer for a quality file
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Choose a name and place to save the movie
Click Next
a) Save it as Best Quality
or
b) Click Show More Choices
Figure 12.9 Making a selection for the new file.
Make a selection
Click Next
Click OK
Making Streaming Videos for the Web
Streaming video allows you to make small video files so that they
will load faster on the net, which captures a larger audience.
To make a streaming video file, you need encoder software to make
files with the WMV format. Windows Movie Maker in Windows
XP and Vista, or Pinnacle Studio are programs that make WMV
Video Files
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files. Programs such as Microsoft Windows Media Encoder and
RealNetworks RealProducerPlus are examples of encoders that
work for older Windows versions.
Once you have made the file, you can link it on your web page,
or, you can embed it in your web page. See the next section for
instructions regarding linking and embedding.
Note:
Embedding the file and creating a link that goes to the free reader
plug-in allows your viewer the most convenient option to see your
video.
Adding Video to a Web Page
There are several ways to add video to a web page. Two common
methods are linking and embedding.
linking movie files
To link a movie file, it is as easy as linking text and sound. For
example, <a href=”video1.mov”> Click here to view the video</a>
would serve as a link to a .mov file.
Other file formats like .MPEG and .AVI can be used in the link
if the file is a different format. For example, a link could be <a
href=”vid1.AVI”>Click here to see the video<a/>
embedding movie files
When you embed a movie file, you use <embed> tags.
Sample#1:
<embed src”video1.mov” height=”140” width=”140”></
embed>
The above code will work well under many circumstances.
However, your viewer may not have the right plug-in in order
to view the movie. In the case above, the plug-in would be the
Apple®QuickTime viewer.
You can add more code to the <embed> tag, using <noembed> tags
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so that the viewer can go to a page to download the appropriate
viewer, such as Apple®QuickTime.
Sample#2:
<embed src=”video1.mov” height=”140” width=”140”>
<noembed>
<p>Go to <a href=”http://www.apple.com/quicktime/
download/”>this site</a> to download the Quicktime movie viewer
plug-in.</p>
</noembed>
</embed>
In order to watch a specific video, you need the correct plug-in,
such as Windows Media and Apple QuickTime viewer and a video
card. Most computers have been equipped with video cards since
Windows 95.
Plug-ins to watch movies are free, and, can be downloaded from
the Internet. Often, plug-ins come with software packages, such as
Windows.
Watching Streaming Video
In order to watch streaming video, you need a plug-in that plays
.WMA and .WMV files. For example, Windows Media Player is a
plug-in that has made plug-in versions for Windows 95/98/2000/
XP,/Vista and is pre-installed in many computers. It is a free
download at microsoft.com.
CHAPTER
CHAPTER
000
13
SOUND FILES
T
hese days, the buzz is about MP3 files. The compressed MP3
format makes small files that can be played on most computers,
IPODS, portable MP3 players, and car stereos.
Since mp3 files are small, they can be used as sound files in web
sites, or used in other digital applications such as e-mail, and ebooks.
This chapter will cover how mp3 files are recorded and played.
Tools
Microphone. The common, affordable microphone will have a
headset for hearing and a microphone for speaking into. They will
have two jacks that plug into a desktop or laptop computer.
Software such as Windows Sound Recorder, Music Match
Jukebox.
Some software can record from CD rom drives, a microphone,
e-drive, and line-in devices. Software, such as Music Match can
record, convert, and save files in various formats, such as .wav,
.midi, and .mpeg. Recording digitally is about as easy as using an
old-school tape recorder.
Sound Card. Sound cards have been standard equipment with a
pc for many years.
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To access Windows Sound Recorder,
Click Start
Click Programs
Click Accessories
Click Entertainment or Multimedia
Click Sound Recorder
Figure 13.1 Windows Sound Recorder.
To record sound with Sound Recorder,
Plug in the mic
Click Record
Speak
Click Stop when you are finished
You can rewind and play the sound just as you would
with a tape deck or CD player.
Click Save as to save a file in .wav format.
Wav files can be ripped to .mp3 files with Windows
Media Player.
Music programs, like Music Match can convert .wav
files to mp3 files, or, rip files from cd.
Sound Files
To rip a sound file with Windows Media,
Click Copy From CD
Click the check boxes to choose the files
Click Copy Music
Figure 13.2 Selecting files to copy.
To record files with Music Match from cd or casse�e,
Click Options
Click Recorder
Click Source
Choose the source, like D:
Click File
Click Open
Click Select All
Click Check boxes to select tracks to rip
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Click record
The mp3 files will be stored
To find out where files are stored,
Click Options
Click Settings
Click Recorder
Click Songs Directory
You change the directory for the placement of tunes.
Figure 13.3 Music Match software.
Sound files can be in various formats. They can be midi, wav,
MP3, and other file extensions. Midi files sound like a synthesizer
and sound good when an 80’s rock tune is properly made. Midi
files are tiny, often only a few kb in size. Wav files can be voice or
music that is recorded on a digital recorder. They are rather large
files compared to mp3 files. However, .wav files can be converted
to MP3 files with software that converts .wav files to smaller MP3
files, such as Macromedia Music Match. Just Open a wav file and
Save as MP3. Many of these various file types can be downloaded
for free off the Internet.
Sound Files
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Making Streaming Audio
Streaming audio allows you to make small audio files so that they
load faster on the net, which captures a larger audience.
To make a streaming audio file, you need encoder software to
make the WMA file format. Programs such as Microsoft Windows
Media Encoder, Music Match Jukebox, and RealNetworks
RealProducerPlus are examples of encoders.
Once you have the file, you can link it on your web page, or,
you can embed it in your web page. See the above instructions
regarding linking and embedding.
To add a sound file for a web page that plays
automatically,
Write the following code into the html source
code:
<EMBED SRC=”Jane.mid”
AUTOSTART=TRUE LOOP=TRUE
HEIGHT=55 WIDTH=150>
<NOEMBED>
<BGSOUND
SRC=”Jane.mid”
LOOP=infinite>
</NOEMBED>
To add a sound link in the html source code,
Write the following code into html source code:
<A HREF=”Jane.mid”>
In most cases, linking music is a waste of the viewer’s
time.
CHAPTER
CHAPTER148
ADOBE ACROBAT
A
crobat is in a class all by itself when it comes to publishing top
quality documents for paper and the web. It allows a plethora
of commands that can spice up an electronic document, or any
other publication. Acrobat is a must for anyone wanting to publish
readable lengthy documents for paper and the web.
Files made in programs such as Word, InDesign, Quark Express,
and PageMaker can be exported into PDF files for the web without
loss of detail in the work, and, with minimal effort. In the latest
version of Acrobat, files from other applications, such as Microsoft
Word can be converted into PDF files with the ‘Create PDF’
command in Acrobat.
Unlike HTML, PDF files load all the pictures and the text in one
shot. And, believe it or not, the file actually decreases in size. For
example, a Word file with photos will be a smaller file when a PDF
file is created. Therefore, most, if not all of the file should have
been done in a program like Word or PageMaker. Then, the file
should be printed or exported as a PDF file when you make the
PDF file.
However, adding links and fancy hidden notes with the vertical
toolbar can spice up a page with features not available in other
applications.
Not every function will be discussed in great detail, but there are
examples of functions that can add to a page in another program.
To do just the basics in Acrobat, you should learn how to make a
PDF file and to put in links to other web pages.
Nevertheless, further manipulation to text and graphics is possible
too with the various tools. To take things a little further, putting
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in bookmarks will allow the reader to go to a specific spot in the
document when a word, phrase, or graphic is double-clicked with
the left mouse button.
This program functions quite a bit differently from other Adobe
programs such as Photoshop and PageMaker. However, it offers
many functions that are not available elsewhere.
Since Acrobat reader is becoming more popular, publishing small,
high quality files for paper and the web with a few mouse clicks is
the way to go. HTML has its place, but, documents are often ruined
upon conversion to HTML. Documents can also be distorted they
are changed from HTML program to HTML program.
Figure 14.1 Acquiring Adobe Acrobat 7.0-8.0 tools.
To see the tools in Acrobat,
Click Tool
Click Advanced Editing
Click Show Advanced Editing Toolbar
Adobe Acrobat 4.0-8.0
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Figure 14.2 Adobe Acrobat tools from past versions.
Here is an overview of the vertical toolbox located on the left-hand
side of the page.
Hand Tool
You can use this to get an idea how the document looks on the web.
Click the hand and move the mouse over the screen to troubleshoot
the document.
Magnifying (or zoom) Tool
Increases and decreases magnification when clicked over the
document.
Text Select Tool and Column Select Tool
Text Select Tool and Column Select Tool can be used to change text
color, alignment font, and size; one line at a time.
To make text changes in Acrobat 7.0-8.0,
Click Touch-up text Tool
Highlight text
Right click over highlighted text
Click Properties
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Make selections like color and fonts
Older Versions of Acrobat
To make changes to text,
Highlight text
Click Tools
Click Touch-up
Click Text Attributes
Make selection(s).
Cropping Tool
Try to avoid using this tool. All cropping (if any) should have been
done before saving PDF file
Text Annotation Tool
This tool is used to add text to PDF file
Text made with the Text Annotation Tool will be blue, the common
color of text meant for linking. Text is difficult to change the color
with the Text Annotation Tool, but it can be done.
To make text with Text Annotation Tool,
Make a box
Write some text.
Click somewhere on the computer screen
outside of the box. The result is text.
Single click the text with the right mouse
button.
Click Properties. Here, the font can be
changed, the size of font can be changed, a
border can be made, text color can be changed,
or background can be changed.
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Click OK.
To remove text,
Click Hand Tool
Right click text
Click Delete.
Click OK
To move the newly made text,
Click the hand tool
Drag and drop the text where you want it.
Or,
Click Text Select tool
Highlight text
Click Copy
Click Text Annotation Tool
Click Paste
Click Hand Tool
Drag and drop to desired location.
Notes Tool
This tool is used to put in a text message. The notes tool is good
for adding notes for editing; such as adding more material to a
document and making notes on mistakes.
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To make a note in the new Acrobat version,
Click Commenting or Comments
or
Click Add a note or Add a sticky note
Click the downward pointing arrow in Comment
and Markup Toolbar.
Click Add a note
To make a note in older Acrobat versions,
Click the notes tool
Figure 14.3 Adding a note on the screen.
To get rid of a note in all versions.
Right click on the note.
Click Delete
Or
Click File
Click Revert to put the document back to the last
saved version.
Pencil Tool, Elipse Tool, Rectangle Tool, and
Line Drawing Tool
These tools are used to make; circles, boxes, straight lines, and
hand drawn lines.
Figure 14.4 Tools to make shapes and lines.
To get the drawing tool,
Click Tools
Or
Click Drawing Markups, Comment and markup
Click Comment and Markup on the toolbar
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Figure 14.5 Commenting and markups.
To use these tools in older Acrobat versions,
Click and hold the mouse on the pencil tool
Choose one of the four tool choices.
Draw with the tool.
To delete an object in all Acrobat versions,
Right click the mouse on an object.
Click Delete.
Highlight Text Tool, Strikethrough Text Tool,
Underline Text Tool
These tools shade, underline, or provide strike-through text.
To access these tools in Acrobat 7.0-8.0,
Click Tools
Click Commenting or Comment and mark up
Choose the desired tool
The highlight text tool highlights text in yellow.
The Strike thru tool puts a line through text.
The underline tool underlines text.
Note: When you right click on the area you edited,
you have a pop up window which gives you
more options such as colors.
Figure 14.6 Shading and underlining text.
To use these tools in older Acrobat versions, like 4.0,
Click and hold the mouse button on the toolbox
icon.
Choose the tool
Highlight text.
To change a color in older Acrobat versions,
Click Highlight Text Tool
Highlight text
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Click Edit
Click Properties
Click color box
Choose a color
Click OK
Movie Tool
To place a movie,
a) Click the movie tool or
or
b)
i) Click Tools
ii) Click Advanced Editing
iii) Click Movie Tool
Figure 14.7 Tool to add a movie file.
Draw a box for the movie to appear on the page.
Find the movie file and Click Open or
a) Click Browse
Figure 14.8 Finding the movie file.
b) Click the file that you want.
c) Click Select
Figure 14.9 Selecting the movie file.
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Figure 14.10 Embed the file.
d) Make custom choices, if necessary and Click OK
Drag and drop corners to make a custom sized
film screen.
To edit Movie Properties,
Click the movie tool
Right click the graphic
Click Properties
a) In Acrobat versions 7.0-8.0, you can change
appearance, settings, or actions
b) In older Acrobat versions,
The feature Player Options contains the commands;
play once then stop or repeat play.
Movie Poster has commands that are used to leave or
not to leave a movie image after it is played.
Link Tool
This command is used to make links to other web files such as;
html, pdf, jpeg, windows media file, or mp3.
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The link can be in all sorts of models. It can be invisible,
highlighted text, blue text, colored text, or colored boxes.
To make a link to a web page,
a) Click Link Tool
or
b)
i) Click Tools
ii) Click Advanced Editing
iii) Click Link Tool
Figure 14.11 The tool to make links.
Drag and Draw a box to act as a link
a) Click Open a Web Page and click Next
or
b) In the Action Type: box, select World Wide Web
Link
a) Enter a URL or Click Edit URL
Fill out the address.
Figure 14.12 Write the address for the link.
a) Click OK , or b) Click Set Link.
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To change link design,
Click Link Tool
Right Click on a link
Click Properties
Make choices such as invisible lines, thick lines, a
dashed line, or a new color.
Figure 14.13 Making custom link settings.
To change the link address,
Click Link Tool
Right Click on the text/graphic that serves as the
link.
Click Properties
a) Click “Actions” then Click “Edit”
or
b) Click Edit URL
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Figure 14.14 Changing a link address.
Put in a new address
Figure 14.15 New link address.
Click OK.
Form Tool
This command is used for making buttons, check boxes and space
boxes for writing text.
Forms are easier to make in html with a web-publishing program
such as Microsoft FrontPage or Adobe GoLive.
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Signature Tool
This tool is used to make electronic signatures.
Touch Up Object Tool / Touch Up Text Tool
How to use text touch-up tool?
Click on a touch-up tool. It is the ‘T’ located at the bottom of the
vertical toolbox. It shares the space with the arrow pointer. If the
arrow pointer is showing, click on the arrow button until the ‘T’
shows up.
When the touch-up text tool is active, a line of text can be edited.
Figure 14.16 Tool to edit text.
To edit the text:
Click on touch-up text tool
a) Click on the text you want to edit.
Or
b) Highlight the text you want to edit
Edit the line of text.
To alter the text color, font, and font size,
Click on touch-up text tool
Highlight text
Right click the mouse
a) Click Properties or b) Click Atributes.
You can alter the font size, type of font and text color
To secure a document in Acrobat,
Click Document or Click Advanced
Click Security
Click Show security settings for this document or
Show security properties.
Figure 14.17 Making document security.
Click the drop down arrow Next to ‘Security
Method’
Click Password security
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Figure 14.18 Creating password security.
Go to next step for Acrobat 8.0.
In Acrobat 7.0, Choose the appropriate password
settings. They can be used to open a document and /
or passwords to make changes to a document.
Figure 14.19 Password control.
Click ‘Change settings’ to write the new password
Or,
Click OK
`
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To create file security in older Acrobat Versions like 4.0,
Click File
Click Save As
Next to security, Click Standard.
Fill in
a) a password
b) Change Security Options
c) Do Not Allow:
There are three ways to set up pages. The viewer with Acrobat
Reader can customize the view as well.
To show the desired view,
Click View
Click Page Layout or go to step#3
Click Single Page, Continuous, or Continuous
Facing
Figure 14.20 The view of the document.
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With single page, the arrow on the top horizontal
toolbar must be clicked to view the pages individually.
With continuous, it looks more like a word
processing program, such one long Word document
scrolling through a document
With Continuous-Facing the pages look like a
real book. Unfortunately, the font will shrink in
size from a single page view.
Note: larger monitors will load larger fonts.
Therefore, some fonts may look small on smaller
monitors with Continuous - Facing.
If you are making a pdf file from another application, such as
Adobe InDesign, PageMaker, Microsoft Word, or Quark Express,
all of these details in this section should be dealt with before a pdf
file is made.
However, if you start with a pdf file and want to modify it to fit
your needs, you may want to use some of the following commands.
For example, you may want to make a booklet which is a collection
of pdf files you download from the Internet.
To arrive at commands that add and delete pages,
Click Document. There are several commands
that deal with pages.
However, three commands cover most of your needs.
The three commands are insert pages and delete
pages.
Figure 14.21 Adding and deleting pages.
Click Selection such as; Insert Pages and Delete
Pages.
To insert a page,
Click Document
Click Insert Pages
Select a .pdf file to insert
Pick a location for the new file, such as after Page
number 1.
Click OK
To delete a page,
Click Document
Click Delete pages
Select pages to delete
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Chapter 14
Figure 14.22 Deleting pages.
Click OK
To renumber pages a�er a page(s) is deleted,
a) i)Click Advanced ii) Click Number Pages
or
b) i) Click Document ii) Click Number Pages
In Page Range, select the pages in Page from:
that you want to renumber
Figure 14.23 Renumbering pages.
In Numbering, click Begin new section
In Start:, put the first page that will start the new
numbering
Click OK
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Bookmarks are a valuable way to navigate the viewer throughout
the document. These can be used to move a page from the table of
contents or the index to a specific page.
To make simple bookmarks in all Acrobat versions,
Click the Link Tool.
The link appearance can be modified at any time
using the link tool.
A typical link appearance can be a box, a new text
color, or highlighted text.
Make a box on the object or text that you want
to place the link.
a) Click Go To View in the Create Link dialogue
box
b) Click Next in newer Acrobat versions, or go to
Step#4 in older Acrobat versions
Figure 14.24 Making bookmarks.
Scroll to the page that you want the viewer to see
when he/she clicks the box.
Click Set Link in the Create Link dialogue box.
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To change a bookmark destination in all Acrobat versions,
Click Link Tool
Click on the bookmark link
Click Delete
Make a new bookmark to a new location with the
procedure described in the previous command
sequence.
To test the bookmark,
Go to page with link
Click the Hand Tool at the top of the Toolbox.
Click the Link. You will go to the bookmarked
page.
Acrobat Distiller is a program that takes an eps file and converts it
to pdf format. Distiller comes with every version of Adobe Acrobat.
With Distiller, you can alter settings to make low resolution pdf
files for the web, or, high quality pdf files for print. This section
covers the details you need to know in order to make a pdf file to
suit your needs.
Distiller has several presets that can be used. But, if you want your
document to look like it did in your layout, you must choose the big
three choices; ‘leave colors unchanged’ ‘embed all fonts’ and the
graphics must have ‘no compression’.
Generally, there are three ways that pdf files are made. One way
is to export a pdf file directly from your layout program like
Adobe PageMaker, Adobe InDesign, or Microsoft Word. Another
technique is to print a pdf file from your layout program. Thirdly,
you can export an eps file to distill later. The latter technique is the
347
quickest way to make pdf files. To convert an eps file to a pdf file
you open up Acrobat distiller and start a job. Then, the file is saved
as a pdf file.
To set up Distiller to do make a custom pdf file,
Choose a job option, such as High quality printing.
The drop down arrow shows job settings
Figure 14.25 Acrobat Distiller.
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Chapter 14
Figure 14.26 Custom Distiller settings.
Click Settings
Click Edit Abobe PDF settings or Job Options
Figure 14.27 Configuring Distiller.
Click Fonts
Make sure embed all fonts is check marked.
Figure 14.28 Making custom font changes.
Click Images
Make custom selections
a) Choose ‘downsampling to 150 or 72 dpi’ for a
web page
or
b) Choose ‘no compression’ for best quality
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Chapter 14
Figure 14.29 Making custom image settings.
Click Color
Select Leave Color Unchanged
Figure 14.30 Making custom color settings.
Click Advanced
Figure 14.31 Custom advanced settings.
Click Standards
Click Save as
Figure 14.32 Saving all changes.
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Give these settings a custom name
Click Save
THE NEXT STEP
Finally, you have a completed book and you want to make multiple
copies. In general, your costs are much less per book when you
print many copies, such as 500-5000. You should shop around and
look at the samples, costs, and waiting period from the various
printers. The quality, prices, and deadlines will vary dramatically
from printer to printer. If you decide to print a larger run of 5,00010,000 copies, a specialty book printer is recommended.
The Book Printing Process
Some printers accept a digital file. For others, print a master
copy from a high quality laser printer. Another option is to print
a master copy with a quality bubblejet printer.
Take the book to the printer.
The printer photographs the pages of the book in order to make
negatives.
The negatives are used to make positive sheets for the printing
press.
The positives are placed on the printer.
The pages are printed.
The book, written pages and color, is put together and all of the
pages are cut to the proper size.
Homemade Books
If you want to print black and white pages, one (or more) at a time,
you can use your laser printer or a bubble jet printer. A laser printer
is cost effective for small runs, but, a bubble jet is not cost effective
unless a handful of copies are made. The unit cost per book from a
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The Next Step
laser printer can be near the unit cost of a book in a 500 book print
run from a commercial printer, and you are not obligated to have
500 books sitting around taking up space. A good black and white
laser printer that prints on both sides will cost around $1000. Black
and white pages are much cheaper to print than color pages. A color
laser is not cost effective, unless you buy a good,
expensive one.
*Tip #1*
If you plan to print multiple copies with ease, you should use a
laser printer that prints on both sides. With a two-sided (full-duplex
printer), a complete 5.5”*8.5” book can be made with just one cut
down the middle of the 8.5”*11” sheets. If you use a one-sided
printer, you have to print one side at a time which is more timeconsuming.
*Tip#2*
“Business class” black and white laser printers can handle printing
more cycles per month than “home class”.
*Tip #3
Re-filling laser toners will bring the print costs down.
*Tip #4*
If you will make copies on a bubble jet and do not need a lot of
dpi in order to make a quality publication, older printers, or lower
dpi printers are cheaper to use than high DPI units. Higher dpi
bubblejet printers eat up ink, even at low quality settings. Often,
high dpi bubblejets do not have quality lower dpi settings, such as
300 dpi.
*Tip#5*
Re-filling inkjets will lower costs dramatically, often less than half
price. Some inkjets can be re-filled a few times, some only once.
*Tip #6*
Print shops can print colored covers for a good price. With offset
printing, the cover can be less than $1.00 each. The cost will depend on the amount printed. Individual color covers can run about
$2.00 each.
The Next Step
355
Perfect Bound Paperback Book Covers
The book cover is the last item on the list when a book goes to
print. After all of the pages are cut and glued, the dimensions for
the cover become crystal clear.
To make the cover,
Write down the dimensions of the front, back, and
spine.
When the dimensions are known, you should open up
a publishing program and make the document setup for
the cover, spine, and back on a single page.
Use the rulers in the program in order to put the words
and graphics in precise locations.
You can add columns in order to separate the back, front,
and spine into precise segments.
The text for the spine can be rotated with a text rotation
tool in the publishing program.
Save the file.
The file can be sent to a commercial printer.
Gluing the Paperback Together
Bookbinders can be found in the yellow pages. They can give you
quotes for binding and laminating book covers. The more you do,
the better the rate. It is possible to get 200 perfect bound books
with laminated covers for around $2 each if 200 books are bounded
at once.
Making the cover and fastening it to the book is the last stop to
making a book. However, it is easy to make mistakes which make
the binding quality look very amateurish.
To make a homemade binding job,
Stack several books without their covers until
they reach a height about two feet high. Make sure
that they are stacked evenly.
356
The Next Step
Put a sheet of paper over the top and bottom
pages so that the pages stay clean.
Put a heavy object on top of the stack that is
about the same size as the book. For example,
a car battery, or a block of cement will do.
Apply contact cement to the back of the pages.
Cut a sheet of holed plastic cloth that is slightly
larger than the rear pages of the books. The cloth can
be purchased from a plastic shop.
Put a sheet of holed plastic against the pages.
Stretch the cloth so that it is smooth against the
pages. You do not want wrinkles. Make sure to
do this step before the glue dries.
Add more glue overtop of the cloth and pages.
Contact cement: Let the pages dry overnight.
Cut off the excess cloth around the pages with an
exacto knife.
Use an exacto knife to cut out the individual
copies.
Fold the cover so that the pages will fit perfectly
along the desired location of the spine.
Put some glue along the inside of the cover, and
book spine.
Glue the pages to the inside spine of the cover.
Let the glue dry.
Cut the edges of the pages and cover in order to
make smooth, near-perfect edges. A commercial
printer will trim the pages.
The Next Step
357
You can have the greatest book in the world, and you can go broke.
The artsy stuff is done, and the book is in print. Now, you must
become a salesman in order to profit from your book. In order to
make money publishing, the arithmetic is simple. You must sell
books for more money than they cost to make. And, the price
should be at a rate that maximizes your profits. This does not mean
selling more copies makes you more money. It means that (Number
of Sales * Profits per book) = most money in your pocket.
Distribution
Having wholesalers and distributors move your product is your key
to sales in stores. This is the critical part to selling books after it is
professionally produced. The book must be placed where the buyer
can find it. Many shoppers in big bookstores come out of there with
books they did not intend to buy.
However, distribution alone is not a guarantee to making money
from a book. Distributors may want a 60%-70% discount of
the cover price to carry a title. That is right, the book that will
sell for $20 in the store is what you sell for $8. Profits are tight.
Unfortunately, until you can afford a larger print run with selling
potential, such as 5,000-10,000 books, your book may be a sitting
duck in the water. But, don’t let that be discouraging, you have
to walk before you can run. You should focus on selling what
you have, and work towards a better book, better promotion, cost
cutting, and better publishing options. You can concentrate on
serving a local market. When you sell to a store, the discount goes
down to 40% off the cover price. This is $12 sale on a $20 retail
priced book.
A problem with self-publishing is the small print run. It really is
hard to get a good price from a printer so that you can make decent
profit on a small print run, like 500 copies. Then, the books go to a
distributor on credit until they are sold. However, a small print run
is a way to start and test the waters.
For books to be distributed to stores, they must have an isbn
358
The Next Step
number and a Bookland bar code. American isbn numbers can be
obtained at www.isbn.org and Canadian isbn numbers at www.
publications.gc.ca. Canadian numbers are free.
As far as distribution to libararies are concerned, the need special
numbers. The numbers are available in the U.S. at www.loc.gov
and in Canada at www.publications.gc.ca.
Guerilla Marketing
If your book has a common focus with a magazine like a trade
publication, you can send them copies for book reviews and add a
pitch to write articles for them. This can give you exposure. You
may be able to get some extra coin, or, you can trade material for
advertising space. At this point, you need a little luck and the skill
to be published by trade magazines. You can approach these people
on the road to being a published writer. They may remember you
when you had marginal material and inadequate skills, and take
notice of your progression. This advertising can open new windows
too. You may get approached by larger publishers who think your
book is worth their while to publish. When you deal with these
professionals, you want to give them quality work and be able to
make deadlines. If not, you may get thrown out of the loop.
The web site, infospace.com will give you the yellow pages and
white pages throughout the world to find stores, people, and
distributors in order to inform them of your book.
Guerilla marketing is another approach to publicizing your work
and getting attention from the public. Getting people to read your
work is often needed in order for people to know who you are.
Printing cheap runs on newsprint with flimsy covers is a good way
to make a good supply of samples. Spam and a quality web site can
get you exposure because everyone on the web wants good material
for nothing.
Letting people know your book is out there is a way to generate
publicity, which generates sales.
Radio shows, trade shows, and book fairs are places where you can
promote your book in order to make on the spot sales, or, a future
sale. However, approaching these people and getting a response
that leads to any valuable promotion time is not an easy thing to do.
The Next Step
359
Many believe that if you cannot make it with a good publisher and
you are a no name, then, you are probably not worth their time.
The Publisher’s Marketing Association is a company that you can
join to promote your books. There fees are reasonable. You send
them a flyer for each title and they will send them to distributors,
wholesalers, or libraries depending on the service for which you are
paying.
You can get library lists on the Internet and market to each
acquisition librarian. However, this may result in using a lot of your
time and very little feedback. Apparently, libraries like books that
have a professional index. There are people that offer this service.
From experience, I have tried to do everything I had read about
book promotion. Magazine writing and hooking up with a publisher
that has the network to move books was my best option. This way,
I did not have to deal with costly mishaps during a self-publishing
investment, and my profits per book were greater.
With long life “How To” guides, you may have to produce a
quality, slick publication that generates sales from a distributor in
order to get a publisher’s interest. Many books are ‘buyouts’ from
self-publishers because large print runs and are out of a typical
person’s budget, and strong distribution connections take lots of
time to develop. When books are printed in the 10,000 or more
category, prices are very good. Publishers that do this with many
titles from a printer get even better deals.
Unfortunately, making a slick ‘How To’ book is a lot of work
and requires a lot of skill. This book may look like a complicated
process to getting published, but, it is the real story to what is
behind the making of quality books that includes text and graphics.
Yet, I make short-cuts to getting the job done as easily as possible.
The people in the bookstores are the people buying books. They
will look at a few and comparison shop, or make an impulse
purchase. They make a choice depending on the content and price.
Sure, some books sell on reputation alone, but, they all had to
develop a sound reputation to get good sales. Don’t let anybody tell
you different.
There is the odd special order or a customer taking a chance on an
order over the Internet. Again, books with a solid reputation will
have the edge here too.
360
The Next Step
If you don’t learn the skills this book teaches, you will have to pay
for work, and that is not cheap.
Electronic Book Stores
There are electronic bookstores such as the biggie, Amazon.com.
Online forms can be filled out, and a sample copy with an ISBN
number and a Bookland Barcode must be submitted. Amazon.com
will sell your book and put it in their data base if you pay for your
membership. Then, people can search their database for the book
title or author and the book will show up.
Amazon takes all of the orders, and you just need to fulfill their
order. However, with this great service, Amazon.com will receive
55% of the retail price. But, that is a much greater percentage
than what the author would receive from publishing houses. The
disadvantage of not using a credible publishing house is that you
cannot take advantage of their marketing and business connections.
You may wish to set up your own small store with links to Amazon.
com. When you have your own store, you can provide free sample
chapters.
With amazon.com, publishers can pay for service that will move
their books higher on a list when someone looks for specific
keywords.
Self-publishing is a lot of work. But, if you professionally package
a marketable book, you can reap the rewards of steady sales.
INDEX
Adobe Acrobat
bookmarks 324, 345
cropping tool 326
deleting pages 342-344
elipse tool 329-330
form tool 337
hand tool 325, 327, 346
inserting pages 342, 343
line drawing tool 329,
330
link tool 334, 335, 336,
345, 346
magnifying tool 325
movie tool 332, 334
notes tool 327, 328
numbering pages 344
passwords 340, 341
pencil tool 329-330
rectangular tool 329,
330
security 339-341
signature tool 338
text annotation tool
326-327
text select tool 325, 327
toolbox 324-325
touch up object tool
338
touch up text tool 338
viewing pages 341-342
zoom tool 325
Adobe FrameMaker
activating tools 201
adding master pages
197, 199
adding text to an
anchored frame 193,
205
aligning anchored
frame 204
anchored frame 203,
204, 205
anchored frame position 204, 205
at insertion point 204,
205
body pages 195-197
cascading style sheet
193
columns 197-198
graphic frame tool
200, 204
html 193
new document 193-195
master pages 197-200
moving tools 201
placing graphics 201205
placing text 201, 205
revert command 199
runaround properties
207
run into paragraph
204, 205
save 199
side heads 198
technical writing 193
text frame tool 204
tools 200, 201
word processor 206,
207
Adobe GoLive-CS2 233-237
Adobe ImageReady 242-245,
249, 265, 271
Adobe InDesign
adding pages 164
aligning graphics 167,
168
aligning text 167
books 159
borders 178, 182-184
change words 178-179
changing document
size 171
color background 176,
177, 181
coloring shapes 176,
177
columns 173, 174
control toolbar 161
copy and paste 163
document size 171
drawing shapes 175-178
drop caps 179-180
drop shadows 182, 183
elipse 175
eps files 189-190
feathering 184
362
Index
find 178, 179
find words 179-179
fit spread in window
169-170
font editing 161, 167
graphic corners 183-184
graphic size 168-169
importing a file 163
link packaging 171
links 170, 171
magazines 159
master pages 191-192
moving pages 166-167,
171-172
moving text and
graphics to new page
166-167
new document 162
new page 162, 164
package 171
page view 169-170
pdf files 187-189
placing graphics 167,
168
placing text inside
shapes 177
polygon 175, 178
polygon sides 178
printing 185-189
print shops 187
recovering file 159
rectangle tool 175
removing color background 176, 181
resizing document
171
resizing graphics 168,
169
resizing shapes 176
revert 159
selection tool 160, 161,
174
starting from scratch
161
subscript 181
superscript 181
text wrap 181, 182
toolbox 160-161
toolbox activating 161
tools 162
transparency 177
type tool 160, 162, 163,
167, 168,
undo 159
Adobe PageMaker
actual size 134
Aldus additions 131
alignment 118, 125
arrange 126, 128, 142,
148, 149
background colors and
graphics 128, 138, 139,
142, 143
borders 147, 148
build booklet 131, 152,
153
bullets and numbering
131, 132
changing words 133
clear 116, 145
close 104, 114
column guides 113-114
copy 116
copying and pasting
into PageMaker 116,
150
cutting object 90, 93-94
cutting text 115
delete pages 121
deleting graphics 90
document set-up 141
drop cap 131, 147
edit story 118, 119, 133,
134, 141-142
elipse tool 96
exit 114, 136
expert kerning 123, 124
expert tracking 123
export 107-108
fill 126, 143
fill and stroke 95, 96,
97, 127
find 133, 134, 141
fit in window 135
font 122
font size 122-123, 138
frames 130, 147
go to page 119
grid manager 131
help 0101, 137-138
html 107-109, 129, 139,
140
image control 130
index 133-134
insert object 117, 144,
145
insert pages 120, 156
links manager 108, 170
Index
new document 102-103
open a document 103
page numbering 149,
150
page setup 111-112,
113, 114
paragraph 124, 125
paste 115, 116-117
pdf 107, 140
place 106, 144
plug ins 131
polygon tool 97, 126
printing 109-111, 132,
152-153
print command 109111
publication converter
131, 132
rectangle tool 95, 126,
142, 143, 145
remove pages 121
revert 105, 115
rounded corners 130,
143, 147
save command 104, 132
save as 104-105
save for service provider 131, 132
select all 117
show colors 136, 137,
142-144, 147, 148, 149
skewing graphics 145
stroke 126
templates 89, 141, 151
text wrap 128-129, 145,
146
tiff 129, 130, 151
type style 123
undo 115
word counter 131
zoom in 134
zoom out 134, 166
Adobe Photodeluxe 247
Adobe Photoshop
adjusting brightness /
contrast 247, 253, 254,
262
airbrush tool 249, 270
art history brush tool
271
background color 264,
276
black and white 251,
253, 277
363
blur / sharpen tool 272
borders 263, 279
brush tool 270
burn tool 272
canvas size 254, 255,
263
clip art 255, 260
crop 263, 268
developing negatives
248-249
digital cameras 252,
277
dodge tool 272, 273
duplicate 263
eraser 269, 271
eyedropper tool 275,
276
feathering 279
filter gallery 255-257
filters 255-259
foreground color 264,
276
grayscale 251, 253, 258
262
hue / saturation 262
image size 254-255
invert 262
lasso tool 269
layers 260-262
line tool 265, 274
magic wand tool 270
marquee tool 263, 267,
268, 279, 287
mode 253, 258, 262
move tool 261, 262,
268, 269
negatives 000
opening a file 000
paint bucket tool 000
paintbrush tool 000
pointer tool 261, 262,
268, 269
rotate canvas 263
scanning a photo 251,
252
sharpen tool 272
slicing images 232, 238,
239, 242, 243
smudge tool 272
toolbox 264-266, 267277
twain 251
type mask tool 273
type tool 273
364
Index
web pages 232-242
zoom tool 276
Adobe Premiere 307
advance payment 5
amazon.com 360
animated gifs 280, 283, 284,
291, 299, 300
animated gif slide show 283,
284, 285
Apple Quicktime 315, 316
audio files 317-321, 371
.AVI files 315
bar codes 360
book advance 5
book covers 3, 4, 354, 355, 358
book editing 5, 16, 29, 47, 79,
140, 214
book printing 14, 132, 152-153,
187-189, 353-356
book producing 1, 2, 6, 359
book selling 357-360
browsers 210, 224, 228, 231,
287, 301
browser testing 228, 231
build booklet 131, 152, 153
copy editors 1, 2
Corel draw 260
Corel Photopaint 247
cover price 357
covers 3, 4, 354, 355, 358
CSS 236, 237, 244, 245
digital cameras 252, 277
digital photography 5, 277, 278
dpi 110, 144, 186, 202, 251,
349, 354
Dragon Naturally Speaking
comma command 80
dictating 79-81
DragonPad 79
exclamation mark
command 80
opening program 71
microphone check 7173
microphone position
71, 72
period command 80
plugging in a microphone 71
quality check 75
scratch that command
80
setting up a user 77-78
training 75
usable programs 79
volume control 74
volume control options
74, 75
e-books (see Adobe Acrobat)
e-commerce 360
editing books 5, 16, 29, 47, 79,
140, 214
electronic bookstores 360
electronic publishing 209-242
(also see pdf)
embedding files 223, 315
Explorer (see Microsoft Explorer)
film 248, 249, 277
firewire 307, 308, 311
Flash (see Macromedia Flash)
FrontPage (see Microsoft FrontPage)
FTP 211, 232
.gif 129, 139, 140, 209, 236,
238, 242, 248, 249, 250, 280,
281, 283, 284, 287, 291, 299,
300
gif animation 283-287
hard drive 10, 108, 215, 250,
281
html 11, 107, 108, 129, 139,
140, 193, 204, 206, 255, 279,
290, 293, 301, 303, 306, 321,
323 (also see electronic publishing)
image editing 247-280
Internet 211, 213, 223, 224,
228, 229, 231, 245, 283, 287,
301, 307, 316, 320, 342, 359
Internet Explorer 210, 228, 229,
231, 287
Internet service providers 227
ISBN numbers 6, 357, 358
Javascript 301-306
.jpeg 129, 139, 140, 151, 236,
238, 242, 249, 250, 281, 283,
284, 334
links 108, 138, 163, 170, 171,
187, 217, 230, 236, 238, 242,
245, 323, 334, 335
Macromedia Dreamweaver 11,
139, 211, 241, 245
Macromedia Flash 280, 281,
287-300
Macromedia MusicMatch 317,
318
Index
manuscripts
finalizing 353
marketting books 358-359
microphone 71-79, 80, 317
Microsoft Internet Explorer 210,
228, 229, 231, 287
Microsoft FrontPage
alignment 218, 222
borders 218, 222
font 217, 218
formatting toolbar 217
forms 224-227
graphics (inserting)
219-220
graphic link 220-221
line spacing 218
links 217, 219, 223,
228, 230
opening a file 215
paragraph 218
picture toolbar 221
resizing graphics 220
tables 224
template 215, 225, 228231
text wrap 229-230
Microsoft Gif Animator 281,
284-286
Microsoft Image Composer
230, 247
aligning text 24, 29, 31,
32
backgrounds 36
borders and shading
25, 27, 32, 33
clear 19, 28, 34
closing a file 10
columns 28, 34, 35
copy 18, 28
cut 12, 16-18, 19
drop cap 35
find 20-21
font 21, 29, 30
font style 21, 29, 30
formatting toolbar 21,
22
help 7, 40
inserting pictures 25
new file 8,9
opening a file 10
page breaks 23
page numbers 23-24
page set-up 8, 11
365
paragraphs 31
passwords 11, 38
paste 12, 18-19
pictures(inserting) 25
print 8, 14-16
protect document 38
repeat undo 16
save 8, 10
save as 8, 10-11
save as html 11
save as web 11
select all 19, 44
short cut keys 44-45
spelling and grammar
36-37
tables 39-40
thesaurus 37-38
undo 16
web page wizard 212
word count 38
word without mouse
41-45
Microsoft Word 2007
aligning text 51
borders and shading
59, 62, 63
captions 61
change picture 60
charts 65
clip art 58
columns 56-57
copy 51, 53
cut 53, 51
drop caps 70
find 54-55
font size 52
font style 52
format picture 59, 60,
62, 63
format toolbar 62, 63
insert caption 61
line spacing 53, 54
Microsoft Office Button 48, 49, 67, 68
new file 48-49
opening a file 49
page breaks 55
paste 53
pictures(inserting) 59
picture toolbar 63
print 68-69
redo 51, 55
save 67, 68
save as 67-68
366
Index
select all 51, 53
shapes 58, 64
smart art 64-65
spelling and grammar
57
tables 66-67
text wrap 62
thesaurus 58
track changes 47, 55-56
underline 52, 53
undo 51, 55, 59
.midi files 223
Mozilla 210
MP3 223, 317, 318, 320, 334
MPEG files 307, 311, 315, 317
negatives 247, 248-249, 277,
353
Netscape 210
optical character recognition
83-87
PageMaker
(see Adobe PageMaker)
paperback covers 3, 4, 354, 355,
358
pdf files 140, 213, 214, 187,
214, 324, 342, 346, 347
photographic film 248, 249, 277
photographic paper 248
Photoshop
(see Adobe Photoshop)
Photoshop layers 133-135, 260262
pixels 238, 242, 255, 277, 302
printing books 14, 132, 152,
153, 187-189, 353-356
publishers 358-360
publishing books 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,
358-360
RAM 89, 247, 307
recording voice and sounds 317,
318, 319, 320
scanning 248, 251-253
screen capture 238
self-publishing 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
selling books 357-360
SiteGrinder 237
slicing images 238-242
sound 223, 317-321
sound card 317
streaming audio 321
streaming video 314-315, 316
text(.txt) files 47
textbridge 83-84
.tiff 129, 130, 151, 250
twain 251
.txt files 47
uploading web pages 129
USB Port 307
video 307-316, 332-334
video card 307, 316
video editing 307, 309-311,
312-314
.wav files 223, 317, 318, 320
voice dictation (see Dragon
Naturally Speaking)
web cams 307
web pages
(see electronic publishing)
Windows Media Player 311,
316, 318, 319
Word (see Microsoft Word)
word processors 71, 87, 118,
141, 154, 209, 255 (also see
Microsoft Word 97-2003 and
Microsoft Word 2007)
.WMA files 316, 321
.WMV files 314, 316
writing 1, 2, 3, 8, 16, 21, 71, 83,
359

BOHEMIA WEBSITE SERVICES Ltd

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