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amps with the Tom Short ‘Jonny 2 Bags’ signature unpotted alnico II bridge P90. That’s OK, we weren’t either. Jonny 2 Bags is famously famous for playing double cut Juniors in Sonic Youth, which means absolutely nothing relative to the tone of the Downtowner. In the bridge position this guitar sounds old. For whatever reason (Gabriel claims it’s the 4 3/8 x 1 1/2 inch mortise neck joint design), it also sustains on the wound strings like a grand piano. Played clean the bridge pickup stops short of sounding sharp and trebly, with all six strings blending to create a soundstage that is as deep as it is wide. – part P90 and part Firebird, both bright and heavy all at once, and that sustain on the wound strings… Just went back and played it for another 30 minutes, and we can feel the thick African body vibrating deep within beneath the pickups. This is a sound, voice and vibe you will not find at Guitar Center. The combined voice of both pickups really threw us. At first we thought the pickups were out of phase, in fact, we called Gabriel for confirmation, and he began to laugh. “No, they are in phase, it’s just that those two pickups mixed together create a really wild sound, don’t they?” They do. Imagine the gutbucket tone of a bridge pickup shunted through a single 6V6 amp with an 8 inch speaker, yet boosted with the percussive treble presence of an under-saddle piezo. Bizarre, and we have no explanation for it. To confirm Gabriel’s assurance that the pickups were in phase, we held a Tele pickup over the polepieces in each P90, and the magnetic attraction to the Tele polepieces was consistently strong on both. In phase alright, and yes, they do sound really wild together. Turning the ‘64 Princeton Reverb up to 6, the bridge P90 does a stone cold version of Neil Young’s Old Black – not the howling feedback from the Crazy Horse records, but the stringy, overdriven chords that slice through the air with the sound of a mongrel mixed breed Telesbird. A huge, jangly single coil sound … Aim your pick just in front of the tailpiece and the Blackguard vibe jumps up – heavier and thicker than that, really, and hardly a traditional 6-string guitar sound – more of a sacred steel piano kinda thing that we have never heard before. Daniel Lanois. Tone… better, bigger, more mysterious, interesting and deep than anything else in the room. A serious and very weighty step up for those who are worthy… As described here, the Downtowner Deluxe is $3,300. In our world you’re barely two cheap guitars or a guitar and amp you don’t play away from owning your own piece of Echo Park. Other models and variations are available and priced accordingly. Think of it as buying stock in Gabriel Currie’s art – stock that will pay dividends you can’t yet imagine for the rest of your life. If we were you, we would order one of Currie’s guitars, and make plans to pick it up personally in Echo Park. Call it a guitarcation. What could possibly be better than that? TQ www.echoparkguitars.com, 626-536-3317 REVIEW Andrews Amplifiers In no small way we feel great sympathy for prospective amp hunters these days. Oh, sure, most of the familiar vintage amps are just that – comfortably familiar – but the vast assortment of contemporary guitar amps being built by a vast assortment of contemporary amp builders large, medium, small and tiny is impossible for one person to digest and comprehend. The amorphous group of modern amp builders working today has grown so much, that if someone were bold enough to attempt to assemble every ‘custom’ example in one place, by the time they finished there would be even more new builders that would have to be added to the original list. In other words, the shape-shifting nature of this industry cannot be fully grasped in one snapshot in time. Good for people like us that write about amplifiers and tone, but bewildering for you. We were talking to an industry pal the other day, who told us that someone had told him that the problem with TQR is that we love everything. We replied that, yeah, we generally find something to admire in everything we review, because when we try something that we feel doesn’t deserve your consideration, we don’t review it. Why waste a couple of pages and your time slamming something we wouldn’t recommend? Who does that help? Like you, we try all kinds of gear with an open mind, always hopeful. Sometimes we search things out, and at other times they find us. Such was the case when Jeff -continued- 8 TONEQUEST REPORT V.13 N.8 June 2012 amps Andrews contacted us about developing a review of his A-22 and Para-Dyne 20 amplifiers. To our surprise, we discovered that Jeff was building amps and operating a thriving repair business just 20 minutes away in the northeast Atlanta suburb of Dunwoody. Best of all, we also learned that Andrews’ amplifiers absolutely rock. So here’s Jeff’s story, followed by our review of the A-22 and Para-Dyne 20… TQR: How did you initially become interested in electronics and amplification, Jeff? One of my grandfathers was a technical corporal in the army in Europe in WWII. His job was keeping the telegraph lines working while the Germans were trying to make sure they were cut. As a kid, I loved to go to visit him and see all the old electrical things he had rigged up around the house. There were transformers and wires and those old glass insulators that were used on telephone poles in those days. He had buzzers and bells hooked up so he would know if someone was at the door when he was working in the basement, and he had installed a radio speaker in an old wooden wall phone in the kitchen. This stuff fascinated me and I asked a lot of questions about how it worked. My other grandfather knew about my interest and allowed me to “fix” a few radios and a small TV. Of course this resulted in their total destruction, but I did start learning to identify some of the parts and how things were put together. I was probably about 7 to 10 years old then. Around that same time, my father and I built a crystal radio together and he installed a long antenna around the eaves of our house in Memphis. I thought that was the coolest thing, picking up radio with just wires and a diode. I grew up in a musical family and while all this was going on, I was developing an interest in music. My father went to college on a music scholarship playing the sax and my mother played piano. I was encouraged to take piano lessons and then to play sax in the school band. Then I heard Jimi Hendrix. When he died in 1970 I was ten years old. You know how it is when a fa- mous musician dies… Their music is played constantly on the radio for a while, and that’s when I really started to notice his music. It took a few years for me to transition from sax to guitar, but when I did at around age 14, I started by trying to emulate Jimi’s sound. My first amp was a little Kay solid state stack which I soon modified by upgrading the speakers. Then I got a Sound City 120 and built a 4 X 12 cabinet for it in shop class and bought a Sound City cabinet to stack on top. Finally, I got the amp I was really wanting, a Marshall Super Lead that I set on the two cabs just like Jimi. As I reached the middle years of high school, my parents started asking what I was going to do after I graduated. I told them that I was going to be a famous musician, but they suggested that I have something to fall back on just in case things don’t work out with music. Going to electronics school seemed like a good idea, since I liked electronics and it seemed like it might be helpful in my musical career. It just so happened that the local college was still teaching tubes! After finishing those classes, I quickly found that I could survive as a tech and I wasn’t making anything playing music. I kept playing in bands while working on TVs and stereos and maintaining the amps for the bands I was in. As a tech, I eventually moved into high tech consumer electronics and became a factory rep and technical trainer for Pioneer Electronics for several years until I started working full time at my amp shop in 2004. TQR: How did your initial interest evolve? Were there any mentors that helped you acquire a better understanding of electronics and amplification? I learned a lot about electronics and troubleshooting during my years of repairing various equipment, teaching and supporting a repair network over Jim Marshall with Randall Aiken those twenty something years before opening my amp shop. It seemed like I was often on the cutting edge of technology during most of those years as new products came to market, so I was always going to training sessions that were taught by the engineers that designed the products. During the ‘80s, I started winding -continued- TONEQUEST REPORT V.13 N.8 June 2012 9 amps down the idea of making it big in music, so I sold the big Marshall rig and bought some smaller combo amps. There was a Carvin 1x12 and a couple of Fender silverface combos during those years. I loved the new sounds and the portability of the amps, but sometimes I missed the Marshall tones. I started modifying some of my little amps to make them sound more like what I wanted and that kept me involved in amps and tube technology. When I started thinking about building my first amp, I read a lot of stuff by Randall Aiken and Kevin O’Conner about amp design. I have a lot respect for both of those guys and learned a lot from them. Even though I’ve never met either of them, some of their knowledge has found its way into my designs. TQR: In addition to building your own amps, you also operate a repair and restoration service. Can you describe some of the most popular services you offer in terms of repairs and modifications? We noted that you are very specific about replacing caps in older amps, improving their function (such as increasing the intensity of the tremolo in a Princeton Reverb), and many improvements for the Fender Hot Rod Series... Yes, a lot of older amps, I mean the ones built before around 1985 or so are probably not working as well as they once did. Sometimes the tone degradation happens so slowly that it isn’t noticeable until it’s brought back to full performance. There will be a lot of capacitors and a few resistors and of course some tubes that have deteriorated over the years. Finding and replacing the culprits makes a big difference in the sound and feel of the amp. It often really surprises people when they get their amp back and plug it in because they forget how good it used to sound. I call that “tone resurrection” and it’s a popular service at the shop. The electrolytic capacitors are a related issue and I try to educate people on the importance of replacing them before they go info full failure mode.They are filled with a electrolyte paste that dries up over the years and causes all kinds of problems. The symptoms vary depending on which ones go bad and how they fail. It could be a bit of hum, blowing fuses, overheating tubes and transformers, loss of volume, failure of tremolo or reverb. The electrolytic caps are found in two areas of most amps. There are filter caps in the power supplies and smaller “bypass” caps in the audio circuit. A lot of amps come into the shop with a few electrolytic caps replaced and a handful of old original ones still in place. Some techs tend to replace each one as it starts to fail, but in my experience, once they start to fail, the rest will soon follow, so it makes sense to replace all of them at the first sign of any going bad (on vintage amps). On some newer models, we sometimes find a couple of bad caps due to a manufacturing batch defect. In that case, I suggest replacing all the identical ones and leave the rest to live out their natural lives. As for mods, I do a lot of fine tuning on the Fender Hot Rod series and the Blues Jr., which are both very popular amps. A lot of production amps seem to me to be tweaked by the manufacturers to sound impressive at the music store instead of on stage or in the studio. Bias current will be too high (causing tube failures and damage to the tube sockets and PC board), high gain channels will be too bright and volume controls will be too sensitive in the low numbers. A lot of the mods I do are really about fine tuning and improving the designs rather than re-inventing something. Some of the recent Marshalls benefit from taking a bit of piercing treble out of the lead channels. Installing standby switches for small amps are popular, too. Other than that, we see a lot of routine troubleshooting and repair work on all makes and models of tube amps and a few solid state ones mixed in. TQR: You also install replacement speakers.. What are the most popular speakers you install? I could go on for a long time about speakers, but to answer your question, I would say that speaker popularity changes over time. Currently the Warehouse Guitar Speakers (WGS) G12C/S is getting popular for most blackface and silverface Fender amps, but the Jensen C8R remains popular for Champs. The Eminence Legend 1258 finds it’s way into a lot of newer American amps since it’s essentially the -continued- 10 TONEQUEST REPORT V.13 N.8 June 2012 amps same as many OEM speakers. For British amps, it’s a mixed bag. Speaker mixing is popular now so a lot of people are putting in a couple of different kinds of speakers in the same cabinet. The WGS Veteran 30 is a popular replacement for Celestion Vintage 30s since it’s smoother sounding, more affordable and made in the USA. Celestion “Blues” remain the top choice for a lot of Vox amps. Then there are the “in-between” speakers such as the Eminence Private Jack and the WGS Reaper. They are a little more aggressive than the American style speakers but not as extreme as the V30 types. They are popular and work well in amps from both sides of the pond when you want a little more volume projection in the mix. The Eminence Ramrod is the 10" speaker that fits in that category. TQR: What are your favorite tube brands by type and why? I like JJ preamp tubes because they tend to be as reliable as anything else. Background noise and microphonics are low and the price is reasonable. I also like their EL84s pretty well because they can handle high voltages and they have a nice punchy bottom end. For EL34s, I keep trying to find a good low cost option but everything other than Winged C seems to have high failure rates and a short lifespan, so I’m stocking only Winged C now. For 6L6, I offer the Winged C and the Sovtek 5881WXT which are both good tubes. The Winged C is bright with an authentic vintage sound while the Sovtek has reduced treble harmonics and a bigger, looser bottom and a lower price. I usually suggest one or the other based on the tonal requirements of the amp and the customer. Most of the other brands have QC problems in my experience. For 6V6s, I stock JJ and Electro-Harmonix. The JJs are more crunchy with a bit more midrange while the EH’s are smoother with a more authentic vintage vibe. TQR: Most amp builders seem to develop an idea of what they want to build as a result of working on various other models over the years. How has your experience in working on well-known vintage amps influenced and shaped your own designs? It’s been a huge advantage to have worked on so many makes and models that span a period from the ‘30s till the present. The vintage models are truly the basis for all the different tube amps that have come since then. After seeing how all the old amps are designed and built and knowing what kind of tones and response I like, it follows that certain vintage design concepts find their way into my designs. For example, there are things like welded steel chassis, thick tag boards, pots and sockets that are mounted to the chassis instead of the circuit board. These are things you’ll find in amps that are still working great after 40 years. Then there are vintage concepts related to tone that are worth repeating – things like having just the right transformer specs, specific phase inverter configurations, tone stack circuits, tried and true tube types, etc. Then there is the experience with some of the not-so-great things in the old designs that are to be avoided – things like improper grounding schemes, insufficient power supply filtering, carbon composition resistors where they don’t belong and poor choices of tag board materials. A lot of new boutique amp designs copy some of the old design flaws either because there is an idea among builders that it is somehow wrong to mess with classic designs, or, sometimes I believe the designer just doesn’t know any better. The preamp is the place where I like to make my mark. That’s where I can spend hundreds of hours listening and tweaking and fine tuning the voice of the amp. If the output and power supply circuits are solid and stable and have the right transformers, most of the attention can be focused on the preamp. TQR: Among all the amps you have worked on other than your own, what are your favorite models and why? There will always be a place in my heart for the Fender Deluxe Reverb, Super Reverb and Twin Reverb and the Marshall Super Lead. I feel that they define the era of music that I grew up with and still love to this day. I also like that they are well designed for long life and easy service. -continued- TONEQUEST REPORT V.13 N.8 June 2012 11 amps TQR: Let’s talk about your own designs... What inspired you to begin building your own amplifiers? Were you pursuing a specific niche or a certain sound you were hearing in your head? Well, I just couldn’t find a 20 to 30 watt combo that sounded like my old Super Lead, so I decided to build one. I had some great Fenders, but no matter what pedal I tried, I couldn’t quite get that British tone when I wanted it, so I decided to build what I wanted. When it became time to get started, I bought an old Traynor YGM-3 for $300, gutted it and built my first amp on that chassis, which was based on the Super Lead circuit but it ran on EL84s and produced about 25 watts of output power. That amp became the basic concept for the A-22 which I still build although it has been refined over the years. The Para-Dyne models have a different lineage. The Original Para-Dyne 20 was a custom build for a customer request. It was tube rectified and had two channels, each with a separate input jack. Channel one had an EF86 first preamp stage and a six-position “depth” switch. Channel two ran on a 12AX7 with a standard tone stack. The output circuit was from the A-22 and ran on EL84’s in class AB mode. We had beautiful bird’s eye and walnut cabinets of my design built for it. It was a bit like a Matchless HC-30 with a different output circuit. Only one of that version was built. When I decided to come up with a new model based on that amp, I decided to do away with the EF86 because I had so much trouble finding good ones. I’ve managed to get what I wanted out of a 12AX7 for the clean channel now. I also switched from EL84s to 6V6 on the 20 watt models since they are a bit smoother. I still offer them with EL84s too which have a little more thump on the bottom end. The Para-Dyne 50s come standard with EL34s, but again, I offer them with 6L6s for a deeper bottom at the expense of being a bit sharper in the treble. So, I guess you could say the inspiration for Para-Dyne models was to add to the tonal palette of the Andrews model lineup. I have very specific ways I want all the parts to fit together for stability, low noise and reliability. So, although it’s more expensive, I use a lot of custom parts. I draw out the chassis and turret boards in AutoCAD and have them custom built. They’re welded at the corners for strength and then ground smooth before being plated. Most of the transformers are custom built to my specs, so I can get just what I want for the designs. I believe that metal film resistors are best for most positions in the preamps. They provide lower noise and higher reliability that other types. However, if you look inside any Andrews amp, you’ll see a few carbon composition resistors in places where they should be to sweeten the tone without adding noise. I’ve also been customizing pot tapers lately by changing to different pot values and adding resistors across them. Sometimes the off-the-shelf pots just don’t have the tapers I want. I use extra thick epoxy turret boards and mount the transformers on spacers so they don’t rattle at high volume. There are a few other secret little tricks, but I’ll keep those to myself. As for the sound, I’m building two distinct types that translate into quite a few different models if you count all the different cabinet configurations and output power levels. The A series amps are inspired by vintage Marshalls but they have one balanced channel instead of one that’s too bright and one that’s too dark. I’ve brought the power down to 22 watts and added a post phase inverter master volume so those great tones don’t have to be at paint cracking volumes. The gain can be customized by the user with a tube change for different situations. The Para-Dynes are named for their two channels of dynamic tone and are not based on any particular other amp. The clean channel is cleaner than the A series models and the overdrive channel has more gain than the A-series. The overdrive channel is designed to be smooth and sustaining while maintaining definition and dynamics. Overall, I consider both amps to be unique while maintaining a familiar vibe. The A-series models bring to mind a classic British sound while the Para-Dyne models are a bit more modern. TQR: TQR: Can you describe the design features and components that make your amps unique? What do you do differently, how and why, and how would you describe their unique sound? What do you want to accomplish in the future in terms of your own amp designs? I’ve learned over the years that a lot of the songs and recordings I love were played on Fender Twin Reverbs and Marshall Super Leads. Both of those amps are solid state rectified and -continued- 12 TONEQUEST REPORT V.13 N.8 June 2012 reviews have a very punchy and dynamic sound. I generally prefer that type of response over the saggy and compressed sound and feel of a lot of other amps, so I’ll probably stick to that format for a while longer. The next step will be to add more features for even more versatility. I’ve gone about as far as I can on the small chassis we’re using since there isn’t room for any more knobs, jacks or switches. The next series will be a bit bigger. The most requested feature for the next model is reverb, so I’ll probably add that. It really depends on how the market trends. Building a high quality hand-wired amp with every feature I would want will be very expensive. It remains to be seen if there is a market for it in these days given the increasing variety of cheap imported amps. The direction of future designs depends on the success of the current models. I’m currently looking for dealers across the country to make the amps available for more people to try. Of course, I’m also looking for some top level players to put the amps on big stages to help spread the word. A-22 & Para-Dyne 20 Review Evaluating anything from a ‘new’ builder always adds suspense and mystery to the process. With absolutely no preconceptions formed from past experience, the reviewer works with a blank canvas as the amplifier gradually paints the picture that is ultimately described to the reader. And like you, throughout the entire arduous process of digesting sound, in the back of our mind we are asking, “How is this amplifier unique from all the rest? What does it do best, and better than most?” Well, let’s start there. The voice of the 20 watt dual EL-84 A-22 gracefully ventures into both 20 watt Marshall and 15 watt Vox territory, but with superior clean tones, more headroom when needed, and a far more versatile tone stack than typical vintage amps and reproductions. You can also expect (and we’re quoting from our notes here), ‘an exceptionally wide range of volume and distortion levels between both input channels.’ That’s the gist of this amp – high and low inputs with 9 db more gain in the high input, a simple control layout consisting of Volume, Treble, Bass, Cut and Master Volume, and a pull switch on the treble control that acts as a mid boost. Even the most hardcore plug & play players can embrace that. While most 20 watt amps new and old are by nature easily overdriven to produce singing sustain and distortion, they are also by nature void of usable clean tones at performance volume. In this regard the A-22 offers a big leap forward with outstanding clean headroom. You can get there by plugging into the high gain Channel 1 input and leaving the Volume set below 3 for an edgy clean tone with the Master Volume cranked, or by using the Channel 2 Low input for a more pristine clean, again, with the Volume set low. You’ll never find a low-power Marshall that can touch the A-22 for clean tones that can also be set to produce a chimey, very Vox-like sparkle on the top that can be effectively managed with the Cut and Treble controls. Increasing Volume in either channel introduces the Marshall side of the A-22’s split personality. In the Low input, increases in Volume gradually ramp up into a very realistic sound of moderate output tube distortion with the Master advanced past 6-7. This is a good and righteous busted-up tone for rhythms and blues. For a hotter, steadier and very realistic ‘70s Marshall burn, move to the Channel 1 High input. Unlike old 18 and 20 watt heaters, the Bass and Treble controls on the A-22 really work to fatten or brighten up yer tone, the Cut control adds more presence or perceived mids, and for high Gain settings the pull/boost on the treble knob throws more wood on the fire. We should also mention that for you ‘bedroom’ players, Volume can be cranked with the Master Volume turned down for those special 3 watt ZZ Top moments in the midnight hour. It’s not a place we habitually visit, but the welcome mat is out nonetheless, and the A-22 does a fine job of producing intense sustain at low volume. You’ll also like the big tone of the Warehouse Reaper HP (high power) – full and rich with a little push in the upper mids, musical but never piercing treble tones, and rated at 50 -continued- TONEQUEST REPORT V.13 N.8 June 2012 13 guitars watts. Recommended as an alternative for Vintage 30 fans. The overall flavor of the A-22 is definitely British, but the enhanced versatility, clean tones and headroom must be credited to Jeff Andrews’ design. The A-22 truly stands out as an extremely toneful and versatile hand-wired amp. The birch-ply cabinet is rock solid in the style of an older Matchless, and in all respects the A-22 is meticulously built. In our experience, you couldn’t wish for more in a dual EL-84 combo or head, pedals not required. Para-Dyne 20 You’ll appreciate what transpired as we settled in to evaluate and take notes on the Para-Dyne 20… After running through various settings in the Lead and Clean channels of this dual6V6 amp, we picked up our ‘57 Historic Goldtop loaded with early ‘60s patent number sticker humbuckers, plugged into the Lead Channel with the Gain and Master Volume set on 6, and 30 minutes later we realized we hadn’t stopped playing to take notes. That’s an endorsement. Like the A-22, the ParaDyne 20 has also been designed to deliver exceptionally lush clean tones via the Clean Channel that are rarely present in amps that also deliver roaring sustain. Utilizing a pair of 6V6 output tubes, the voice of the Para-Dyne is also rounder, fuller and deeper – a sound we always seem to prefer in smaller amps. Fans of both Fender and Marshall amps will love the Para-Dyne 20 for its clean tones, thick and musical overdriven intensity, and user-friendly (but plenty loud) 20 watts with Master Volume. Features include Hi and Lo inputs, Volume with pull switch to access Clean Channel 1 when not using the supplied footswitch, 3-position bright toggle for the Clean Channel, Depth for Channel 1, Gain for Channel 2, Treble, Middle, Bass, Master Volume, and a pentode/triode toggle switch on the back panel. We’re not big fans of the triode/ pentode half power switch – no news there, but for a lower volume, cranked vibe it does that. We just prefer to get there at full power, so we usually ignore it. What can’t be ignored is the absolutely stellar quality of sound produced by the Para-Dyne 20. It’s voice and presence are huge for its size, equally nimble as a clean machine or rendering an overdriven tone that, combined with the Goldtop, produced a very authentic and Creamy Marshall tone circa 1968 (that’s where we lost the 30 minutes), and all at a perfectly stout 20 watts. The Warehouse ET65 ceramic magnet speaker is a big bruiser, bold and balanced with solid lows, smooth mids and sparkling treble. Very highly recommended. For tube hounds, Andrews has included a bias adjust and test points on the back panel, along with a footswitch jack included for channel switching, an extension speaker jack, impedance selector switch, and an optional buffered serial effects loop. Both of the Andrews amps presented here impressed us not only for their extraordinary tone, but also for the practical features that make them so uncommonly versatile. We can’t recall having played two better sounding 20 watt amplifiers that offer such lush clean tones and headroom combined with uncompromised muscle, attitude and gain. TQ www.andrewsamplab.com, 770-671-0485 REVIEW K-Line Texola “I don’t know if we can do any better than this.” We made that comment to a friend when describing the guitars featured in this issue, and we sincerely believe it to be true. You may remember our June 2011 interview with the founder of K-Line Guitars, Chris Kroenlein, who grew up listening to his uncles’ weekend jam sessions in his father’s auto -continued- 14 TONEQUEST REPORT V.13 N.8 June 2012
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